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Chiang ACY, Ježek J, Mu P, Di Y, Klucnika A, Jabůrek M, Ježek P, Ma H. Two mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms modulate cardiolipin binding and lead to synthetic lethality. Nat Commun 2024; 15:611. [PMID: 38242869 PMCID: PMC10799063 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44964-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Genetic screens have been used extensively to probe interactions between nuclear genes and their impact on phenotypes. Probing interactions between mitochondrial genes and their phenotypic outcome, however, has not been possible due to a lack of tools to map the responsible polymorphisms. Here, using a toolkit we previously established in Drosophila, we isolate over 300 recombinant mitochondrial genomes and map a naturally occurring polymorphism at the cytochrome c oxidase III residue 109 (CoIII109) that fully rescues the lethality and other defects associated with a point mutation in cytochrome c oxidase I (CoIT300I). Through lipidomics profiling, biochemical assays and phenotypic analyses, we show that the CoIII109 polymorphism modulates cardiolipin binding to prevent complex IV instability caused by the CoIT300I mutation. This study demonstrates the feasibility of genetic interaction screens in animal mitochondrial DNA. It unwraps the complex intra-genomic interplays underlying disorders linked to mitochondrial DNA and how they influence disease expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ason C Y Chiang
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Wellcome/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EH, UK
| | - Jan Ježek
- Wellcome/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EH, UK
- University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Peiqiang Mu
- Wellcome/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EH, UK
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, South China Agricultural University, Tianhe District, 510642, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Ying Di
- Wellcome/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EH, UK
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Anna Klucnika
- Wellcome/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EH, UK
- Laverock Therapeutics, Stevenage Bioscience Catalyst, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, SG1 2FX, UK
| | - Martin Jabůrek
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Ježek
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hansong Ma
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
- Wellcome/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK.
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EH, UK.
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Mercuţ MF, Tănasie CA, Nicolcescu AM, Ică OM, Mocanu CL, Dan AO. Letter to the Editor: Retinal morphological and functional response to Idebenone therapy in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY = REVUE ROUMAINE DE MORPHOLOGIE ET EMBRYOLOGIE 2023; 64:443-444. [PMID: 37867363 PMCID: PMC10720927 DOI: 10.47162/rjme.64.3.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Filofteia Mercuţ
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - Cornelia Andreea Tănasie
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - Andreea Mihaela Nicolcescu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - Oana Maria Ică
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - Carmen Luminiţa Mocanu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - Alexandra Oltea Dan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
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Watson EC, Davis RL, Ravishankar S, Copty J, Kummerfeld S, Sue CM. Low disease risk and penetrance in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy. Am J Hum Genet 2023; 110:166-169. [PMID: 36565700 PMCID: PMC9892766 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2022.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) has largely been extrapolated from disease cohorts, which underestimate the population prevalence of pathogenic primary LHON variants as a result of incomplete disease penetrance. Understanding the true population prevalence of primary LHON variants, alongside the rate of clinical disease, provides a better understanding of disease risk and variant penetrance. We identified pathogenic primary LHON variants in whole-genome sequencing data of a well-characterized population-based control cohort and found that the prevalence is far greater than previously estimated, as it occurs in approximately 1 in 800 individuals. Accordingly, we were able to more accurately estimate population risk and disease penetrance in LHON variant carriers, validating our findings by using other large control datasets. These findings will inform accurate counseling in relation to the risk of vision loss in LHON variant carriers and disease manifestation in their family. This Matters Arising paper is in response to Lopez Sanchez et al. (2021), published in The American Journal of Human Genetics. See also the response by Mackey et al. (2022), published in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloise C. Watson
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney and Northern Sydney Local Health District, Reserve Rd, St Leonards, NSW, Australia,Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia,Department of Neurology, Wellington Hospital, Capital and Coast District Health Board, Newtown, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Ryan L. Davis
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney and Northern Sydney Local Health District, Reserve Rd, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Joseph Copty
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Sarah Kummerfeld
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia,St Vincents Clinical School, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Carolyn M. Sue
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney and Northern Sydney Local Health District, Reserve Rd, St Leonards, NSW, Australia,Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia,Corresponding author
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Cheng HC, Chi SC, Liang CY, Yu JY, Wang AG. Candidate Modifier Genes for the Penetrance of Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911891. [PMID: 36233195 PMCID: PMC9569928 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a maternally transmitted disease caused by mitochondria DNA (mtDNA) mutation. It is characterized by acute and subacute visual loss predominantly affecting young men. The mtDNA mutation is transmitted to all maternal lineages. However, only approximately 50% of men and 10% of women harboring a pathogenic mtDNA mutation develop optic neuropathy, reflecting both the incomplete penetrance and its unexplained male prevalence, where over 80% of patients are male. Nuclear modifier genes have been presumed to affect the penetrance of LHON. With conventional genetic methods, prior studies have failed to solve the underlying pathogenesis. Whole exome sequencing (WES) is a new molecular technique for sequencing the protein-coding region of all genes in a whole genome. We performed WES from five families with 17 members. These samples were divided into the proband group (probands with acute onset of LHON, n = 7) and control group (carriers including mother and relative carriers with mtDNSA 11778 mutation, without clinical manifestation of LHON, n = 10). Through whole exome analysis, we found that many mitochondria related (MT-related) nuclear genes have high percentage of variants in either the proband group or control group. The MT genes with a difference over 0.3 of mutation percentage between the proband and control groups include AK4, NSUN4, RDH13, COQ3, and FAHD1. In addition, the pathway analysis revealed that these genes were associated with cofactor metabolism pathways. Family-based analysis showed that several candidate MT genes including METAP1D (c.41G > T), ACACB (c.1029del), ME3 (c.972G > C), NIPSNAP3B (c.280G > C, c.476C > G), and NSUN4 (c.4A > G) were involved in the penetrance of LHON. A GWAS (genome wide association study) was performed, which found that ADGRG5 (Chr16:575620A:G), POLE4 (Chr2:7495872T:G), ERMAP (Chr1:4283044A:G), PIGR (Chr1:2069357C:T;2069358G:A), CDC42BPB (Chr14:102949A:G), PROK1 (Chr1:1104562A:G), BCAN (Chr 1:1566582C:T), and NES (Chr1:1566698A:G,1566705T:C, 1566707T:C) may be involved. The incomplete penetrance and male prevalence are still the major unexplained issues in LHON. Through whole exome analysis, we found several MT genes with a high percentage of variants were involved in a family-based analysis. Pathway analysis suggested a difference in the mutation burden of MT genes underlining the biosynthesis and metabolism pathways. In addition, the GWAS analysis also revealed several candidate nuclear modifier genes. The new technology of WES contributes to provide a highly efficient candidate gene screening function in molecular genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Chen Cheng
- Program in Molecular Medicine, College of Life Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 201 Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Rd., Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Chu Chi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 201 Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Rd., Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Ying Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
| | - Jenn-Yah Yu
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - An-Guor Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 201 Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Rd., Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2875-7325; Fax: +886-2-2876-1351
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Stephenson KAJ, McAndrew J, Kenna PF, Cassidy L. The Natural History of Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy in an Irish Population and Assessment for Prognostic Biomarkers. Neuroophthalmology 2022; 46:159-170. [PMID: 35574161 PMCID: PMC9103396 DOI: 10.1080/01658107.2022.2032761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we have assessed the clinical and genetic characteristics of an Irish Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) cohort and assessed for useful biomarkers of visual prognosis. We carried out a retrospective review of clinical data of patients with genetically confirmed LHON presenting to an Irish tertiary referral ophthalmic hospital. LHON diagnosis was made on classic clinical signs with genetic confirmation. Alternate diagnoses were excluded with serological investigations and neuro-imaging. Serial logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) visual acuity (VA) was stratified into 'on-chart' for logMAR 1.0 or better and 'off-chart' if worse than logMAR 1.0. Serial optical coherence tomography scans of the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell complex (GCC) monitored structure. Idebenone-treated and untreated patients were contrasted. Statistical analyses were performed to assess correlations of presenting characteristics with final VA. Forty-four patients from 34 pedigrees were recruited, of which 87% were male and 75% harboured the 11778 mutation. Legal blindness status was reached in 56.8% of patients by final review (mean 74 months). Preservation of initial nasal RNFL was the best predictor of on-chart final VA. Females had worse final VA than males and patients presenting at < 20 years of age had superior final VA. Idebenone therapy (50% of cohort) yielded no statistically significant benefit to final VA, although study design precludes definitive comment on efficacy. The reported cases represent the calculated majority of LHON pedigrees in Ireland. Visual outcomes were universally poor; however, VA may not be the most appropriate outcome measure and certain patient-reported outcome measures may be of more use when assessing future LHON interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirk A. J. Stephenson
- Department of Neuro-ophthalmology, Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital, Dublin, Ireland,CONTACT Kirk A. J. Stephenson Department of Neuro-ophthalmology, Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital, Adelaide Road, Dublin2 D02 XK51, Ireland
| | - Joseph McAndrew
- Department of Neuro-ophthalmology, Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul F. Kenna
- Department of Neuro-ophthalmology, Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lorraine Cassidy
- Department of Neuro-ophthalmology, Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Kozakiewicz P, Grzybowska-Szatkowska L, Ciesielka M, Rzymowska J. The Role of Mitochondria in Carcinogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105100. [PMID: 34065857 PMCID: PMC8151940 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondria are essential for normal cell functioning. Changes in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) may affect the occurrence of some chronic diseases and cancer. This process is complex and not entirely understood. The assignment to a particular mitochondrial haplogroup may be a factor that either contributes to cancer development or reduces its likelihood. Mutations in mtDNA occurring via an increase in reactive oxygen species may favour the occurrence of further changes both in mitochondrial and nuclear DNA. Mitochondrial DNA mutations in postmitotic cells are not inherited, but may play a role both in initiation and progression of cancer. One of the first discovered polymorphisms associated with cancer was in the gene NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 3 (mt-ND3) and it was typical of haplogroup N. In prostate cancer, these mutations and polymorphisms involve a gene encoding subunit I of respiratory complex IV cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (COI). At present, a growing number of studies also address the impact of mtDNA polymorphisms on prognosis in cancer patients. Some of the mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms occur in both chronic disease and cancer, for instance polymorphism G5913A characteristic of prostate cancer and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Kozakiewicz
- Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University in Lublin, Chodźki 7, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (L.G.-S.); (M.C.)
- Department of Radiotherapy, St. John’s Cancer Centre, The Regional Oncology Centre of Lublin Jaczewskiego 7, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Ludmiła Grzybowska-Szatkowska
- Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University in Lublin, Chodźki 7, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (L.G.-S.); (M.C.)
- Department of Radiotherapy, St. John’s Cancer Centre, The Regional Oncology Centre of Lublin Jaczewskiego 7, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Marzanna Ciesielka
- Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University in Lublin, Chodźki 7, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (L.G.-S.); (M.C.)
- Chair and Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University in Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jolanta Rzymowska
- Chair and Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
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Gerber S, Orssaud C, Kaplan J, Johansson C, Rozet JM. MCAT Mutations Cause Nuclear LHON-like Optic Neuropathy. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12040521. [PMID: 33918393 PMCID: PMC8067165 DOI: 10.3390/genes12040521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathological variants in the nuclear malonyl-CoA-acyl carrier protein transacylase (MCAT) gene, which encodes a mitochondrial protein involved in fatty-acid biogenesis, have been reported in two siblings from China affected by insidious optic nerve degeneration in childhood, leading to blindness in the first decade of life. After analysing 51 families with negative molecular diagnostic tests, from a cohort of 200 families with hereditary optic neuropathy (HON), we identified two novel MCAT mutations in a female patient who presented with acute, sudden, bilateral, yet asymmetric, central visual loss at the age of 20. This presentation is consistent with a Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON)-like phenotype, whose existence and association with NDUFS2 and DNAJC30 has only recently been described. Our findings reveal a wider phenotypic presentation of MCAT mutations, and a greater genetic heterogeneity of nuclear LHON-like phenotypes. Although MCAT pathological variants are very uncommon, this gene should be investigated in HON patients, irrespective of disease presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Gerber
- Laboratory of Genetics in Ophthalmology (LGO), INSERM UMR1163, Institute of Genetic Diseases, Imagine and Paris Descartes University, 75015 Paris, France; (S.G.); (J.K.)
| | - Christophe Orssaud
- Unité Ophtalmologie, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou (HEGP), and Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares en Ophtalmologie (OPHTARA), Service d’Ophtalmologie, Hôpital Necker–Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France;
| | - Josseline Kaplan
- Laboratory of Genetics in Ophthalmology (LGO), INSERM UMR1163, Institute of Genetic Diseases, Imagine and Paris Descartes University, 75015 Paris, France; (S.G.); (J.K.)
| | - Catrine Johansson
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Headington, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK;
| | - Jean-Michel Rozet
- Laboratory of Genetics in Ophthalmology (LGO), INSERM UMR1163, Institute of Genetic Diseases, Imagine and Paris Descartes University, 75015 Paris, France; (S.G.); (J.K.)
- Correspondence:
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Dato S, Crocco P, De Rango F, Iannone F, Maletta R, Bruni AC, Saiardi A, Rose G, Passarino G. IP6K3 and IPMK variations in LOAD and longevity: Evidence for a multifaceted signaling network at the crossroad between neurodegeneration and survival. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 195:111439. [PMID: 33497757 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Several studies reported that genetic variants predisposing to neurodegeneration were at higher frequencies in centenarians than in younger controls, suggesting they might favor also longevity. IP6K3 and IPMK regulate many crucial biological functions by mediating synthesis of inositol poly- and pyrophosphates and by acting non-enzymatically via protein-protein interactions. Our previous studies suggested they affect Late Onset Alzheimer Disease (LOAD) and longevity, respectively. Here, in the same sample groups, we investigated whether variants of IP6K3 also affect longevity, and variants of IPMK also influence LOAD susceptibility. We found that: i) a SNP of IP6K3 previously associated with increased risk of LOAD increased the chance to become long-lived, ii) SNPs of IPMK, previously associated with decreased longevity, were protective factors for LOAD, as previously observed for UCP4. SNP-SNP interaction analysis, including our previous data, highlighted phenotype-specific interactions between sets of alleles. Moreover, linkage disequilibrium and eQTL data associated to analyzed variants suggested mitochondria as crossroad of interconnected pathways crucial for susceptibility to neurodegeneration and/or longevity. Overall, data support the view that in these traits interactions may be more important than single polymorphisms. This phenomenon may contribute to the non-additive heritability of neurodegeneration and longevity and be part of the missing heritability of these traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Dato
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
| | - Paolina Crocco
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
| | - Francesco De Rango
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
| | - Francesca Iannone
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
| | - Raffaele Maletta
- Regional Neurogenetic Centre, ASP Catanzaro, Lamezia Terme, Italy.
| | - Amalia C Bruni
- Regional Neurogenetic Centre, ASP Catanzaro, Lamezia Terme, Italy.
| | - Adolfo Saiardi
- Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Giuseppina Rose
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Passarino
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
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Piotrowska-Nowak A, Krawczyński MR, Kosior-Jarecka E, Ambroziak AM, Korwin M, Ołdak M, Tońska K, Bartnik E. Mitochondrial genome variation in male LHON patients with the m.11778G > A mutation. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:1317-1327. [PMID: 32740724 PMCID: PMC7584531 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-020-00605-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a mitochondrial disorder with symptoms limited to a single tissue, optic nerve, resulting in vision loss. In the majority of cases it is caused by one of three point mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) but their presence is not sufficient for disease development, since ~50% of men and ~10% women who carry them are affected. Thus additional modifying factors must exist. In this study, we use next generation sequencing to investigate the role of whole mtDNA variation in male Polish patients with LHON and m.11778G > A, the most frequent LHON mutation. We present a possible association between mtDNA haplogroup K and variants in its background, a combination of m.3480A > G, m.9055G > A, m.11299 T > C and m.14167C > T, and LHON mutation. These variants may have a negative effect on m.11778G > A increasing its penetrance and the risk of LHON in the Polish population. Surprisingly, we did not observe associations previously reported for m.11778G > A and LHON in European populations, particularly for haplogroup J as a risk factor, implying that mtDNA variation is much more complex. Our results indicate possible contribution of novel combination of mtDNA genetic factors to the LHON phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Piotrowska-Nowak
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 5a Pawińskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej R. Krawczyński
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 8 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznań, Poland
- Centers for Medical Genetics GENESIS, 4 Grudzieniec Street, 60-601 Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewa Kosior-Jarecka
- Department of Diagnostics and Microsurgery of Glaucoma, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chmielna Street, 20-079 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna M. Ambroziak
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, 5 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Korwin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Warsaw, 13 Sierakowskiego Street, 03-709 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Ołdak
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 10 Mochnackiego Street, 02-042 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Center of Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 5 Chałubińskiego Street, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Tońska
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 5a Pawińskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Bartnik
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 5a Pawińskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of Sciences, 5a Pawińskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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Blanco FJ, Rego-Pérez I. Mitochondrial DNA in osteoarthritis disease. Clin Rheumatol 2020; 39:3255-3259. [DOI: 10.1007/s10067-020-05406-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Whole Mitochondrial Genome Analysis in Serbian Cases of Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11091037. [PMID: 32887465 PMCID: PMC7565519 DOI: 10.3390/genes11091037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a maternally inherited disorder that affects central vision in young adults and is typically associated with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations. This study is based on a mutational screening of entire mtDNA in eight Serbian probands clinically and genetically diagnosed with LHON and four of their family members, who are asymptomatic mutation carriers. All obtained sequence variants were compared to human mtDNA databases, and their potential pathogenic characteristics were assessed by bioinformatics tools. Mitochondrial haplogroup analysis was performed by MITOMASTER. Our study revealed two well-known primary LHON mutations, m.11778G>A and m.3460G>A, and one rare LHON mutation, m.8836A>G. Various secondary mutations were detected in association with the primary mutations. MITOMASTER analysis showed that the two well-known primary mutations belong to the R haplogroup, while the rare LHON m.8836A>G was detected within the N1b haplogroup. Our results support the need for further studies of genetic background and its role in the penetrance and severity of LHON.
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12
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Wong LJC, Chen T, Schmitt ES, Wang J, Tang S, Landsverk M, Li F, Zhang S, Wang Y, Zhang VW, Craigen WJ. Clinical and laboratory interpretation of mitochondrial mRNA variants. Hum Mutat 2020; 41:1783-1796. [PMID: 32652755 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Interpretation of mitochondrial protein-encoding (mt-mRNA) variants has been challenging due to mitochondrial characteristics that have not been addressed by American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines. We developed criteria for the interpretation of mt-mRNA variants via literature review of reported variants, tested and refined these criteria by using our new cases, followed by interpreting 421 novel variants in our clinical database using these verified criteria. A total of 32 of 56 previously reported pathogenic (P) variants had convincing evidence for pathogenicity. These variants are either null variants, well-known disease-causing variants, or have robust functional data or strong phenotypic correlation with heteroplasmy levels. Based on our criteria, 65.7% (730/1,111) of variants of unknown significance (VUS) were reclassified as benign (B) or likely benign (LB), and one variant was scored as likely pathogenic (LP). Furthermore, using our criteria we classified 2, 12, and 23 as P, LP, and LB, respectively, among 421 novel variants. The remaining stayed as VUS (91.2%). Appropriate interpretation of mt-mRNA variants is the basis for clinical diagnosis and genetic counseling. Mutation type, heteroplasmy levels in different tissues of the probands and matrilineal relatives, in silico predictions, population data, as well as functional studies are key points for pathogenicity assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee-Jun C Wong
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Baylor Genetics Laboratory, Houston, Texas
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Eric S Schmitt
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Baylor Genetics Laboratory, Houston, Texas
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Sha Tang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Megan Landsverk
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Fangyuan Li
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Shulin Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Baylor Genetics Laboratory, Houston, Texas
| | - Victor W Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - William J Craigen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Baylor Genetics Laboratory, Houston, Texas
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13
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Vianello C, Cocetta V, Caicci F, Boldrin F, Montopoli M, Martinuzzi A, Carelli V, Giacomello M. Interaction Between Mitochondrial DNA Variants and Mitochondria/Endoplasmic Reticulum Contact Sites: A Perspective Review. DNA Cell Biol 2020; 39:1431-1443. [PMID: 32598172 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2020.5614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria contain their own genome, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), essential to support their fundamental intracellular role in ATP production and other key metabolic and homeostatic pathways. Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that communicate with all the other cellular compartments, through sites of high physical proximity. Among all, their crosstalk with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) appears particularly important as its derangement is tightly implicated with several human disorders. Population-specific mtDNA variants clustered in defining the haplogroups have been shown to exacerbate or mitigate these pathological conditions. The exact mechanisms of the mtDNA background-modifying effect are not completely clear and a possible explanation is the outcome of mitochondrial efficiency on retrograde signaling to the nucleus. However, the possibility that different haplogroups shape the proximity and crosstalk between mitochondria and the ER has never been proposed neither investigated. In this study, we pose and discuss this question and provide preliminary data to answer it. Besides, we also address the possibility that single, disease-causing mtDNA point mutations may act also by reshaping organelle communication. Overall, this perspective review provides a theoretical platform for future studies on the interaction between mtDNA variants and organelle contact sites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Veronica Cocetta
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Monica Montopoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,VIMM-Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Martinuzzi
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS "E. Medea" Scientific Institute, Conegliano Research Center, Treviso, Italy
| | - Valerio Carelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marta Giacomello
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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14
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Poulton J, Finsterer J, Yu-Wai-Man P. Genetic Counselling for Maternally Inherited Mitochondrial Disorders. Mol Diagn Ther 2018; 21:419-429. [PMID: 28536827 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-017-0279-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this review was to provide an evidence-based approach to frequently asked questions relating to the risk of transmitting a maternally inherited mitochondrial disorder (MID). We do not address disorders linked with disturbed mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) maintenance, causing mtDNA depletion or multiple mtDNA deletions, as these are autosomally inherited. The review addresses questions regarding prognosis, recurrence risks and the strategies available to prevent disease transmission. The clinical and genetic complexity of maternally inherited MIDs represent a major challenge for patients, their relatives and health professionals. Since many of the genetic and pathophysiological aspects of MIDs remain unknown, counselling of affected patients and at-risk family members remains difficult. MtDNA mutations are maternally transmitted or, more rarely, they are sporadic, occurring de novo (~25%). Females carrying homoplasmic mtDNA mutations will transmit the mutant species to all of their offspring, who may or may not exhibit a similar phenotype depending on modifying, secondary factors. Females carrying heteroplasmic mtDNA mutations will transmit a variable amount of mutant mtDNA to their offspring, which can result in considerable phenotypic heterogeneity among siblings. The majority of mtDNA rearrangements, such as single large-scale deletions, are sporadic, but there is a small risk of recurrence (~4%) among the offspring of affected women. The range and suitability of reproductive choices for prospective mothers is a complex area of mitochondrial medicine that needs to be managed by experienced healthcare professionals as part of a multidisciplinary team. Genetic counselling is facilitated by the identification of the underlying causative genetic defect. To provide more precise genetic counselling, further research is needed to clarify the secondary factors that account for the variable penetrance and the often marked differential expressivity of pathogenic mtDNA mutations both within and between families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Poulton
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Josef Finsterer
- Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Postfach 20, 1180, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Patrick Yu-Wai-Man
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Newcastle Eye Centre, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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15
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Queen RA, Steyn JS, Lord P, Elson JL. Mitochondrial DNA sequence context in the penetrance of mitochondrial t-RNA mutations: A study across multiple lineages with diagnostic implications. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187862. [PMID: 29161289 PMCID: PMC5697862 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations are well recognized as an important cause of inherited disease. Diseases caused by mtDNA mutations exhibit a high degree of clinical heterogeneity with a complex genotype-phenotype relationship, with many such mutations exhibiting incomplete penetrance. There is evidence that the spectrum of mutations causing mitochondrial disease might differ between different mitochondrial lineages (haplogroups) seen in different global populations. This would point to the importance of sequence context in the expression of mutations. To explore this possibility, we looked for mutations which are known to cause disease in humans, in animals of other species unaffected by mtDNA disease. The mt-tRNA genes are the location of many pathogenic mutations, with the m.3243A>G mutation on the mt-tRNA-Leu(UUR) being the most frequently seen mutation in humans. This study looked for the presence of m.3243A>G in 2784 sequences from 33 species, as well as any of the other mutations reported in association with disease located on mt-tRNA-Leu(UUR). We report a number of disease associated variations found on mt-tRNA-Leu(UUR) in other chordates, as the major population variant, with m.3243A>G being seen in 6 species. In these, we also found a number of mutations which appear compensatory and which could prevent the pathogenicity associated with this change in humans. This work has important implications for the discovery and diagnosis of mtDNA mutations in non-European populations. In addition, it might provide a partial explanation for the conflicting results in the literature that examines the role of mtDNA variants in complex traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A. Queen
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Jannetta S. Steyn
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Phillip Lord
- School of Computing Science, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna L. Elson
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
- Centre for Human Metabonomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- * E-mail:
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16
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Mother's curse neutralizes natural selection against a human genetic disease over three centuries. Nat Ecol Evol 2017; 1:1400-1406. [PMID: 29046555 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-017-0276-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
According to evolutionary theory, mitochondria could be poisoned gifts that mothers transmit to their sons. This is because mutations harmful to males are expected to accumulate in the mitochondrial genome, the so-called 'mother's curse'. However, the contribution of the mother's curse to the mutation load in nature remains largely unknown and hard to predict, because compensatory mechanisms could impede the spread of deleterious mitochondria. Here we provide evidence for the mother's curse in action over 290 years in a human population. We studied a mutation causing Leber's hereditary optical neuropathy, a disease with male-biased prevalence and which has long been suspected to be maintained in populations by the mother's curse. Male carriers showed a low fitness relative to non-carriers and to females, mostly explained by their high rate of infant mortality. Despite poor male fitness, selection analysis predicted a slight (albeit non-significant) increase in frequency, which sharply contrasts with the 35.5% per-generation decrease predicted if mitochondrial DNA transmission had been through males instead of females. Our results are therefore even suggestive of positive selection through the female line that may exacerbate effects of the mother's curse. This study supports a contribution of the mother's curse to the reduction of male lifespan, uncovering a large fitness effect associated with a single mitochondrial variant.
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17
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A neurodegenerative perspective on mitochondrial optic neuropathies. Acta Neuropathol 2016; 132:789-806. [PMID: 27696015 PMCID: PMC5106504 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-016-1625-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Revised: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial optic neuropathies constitute an important cause of chronic visual morbidity and registrable blindness in both the paediatric and adult population. It is a genetically heterogeneous group of disorders caused by both mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations and a growing list of nuclear genetic defects that invariably affect a critical component of the mitochondrial machinery. The two classical paradigms are Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), which is a primary mtDNA disorder, and autosomal dominant optic atrophy (DOA) secondary to pathogenic mutations within the nuclear gene OPA1 that encodes for a mitochondrial inner membrane protein. The defining neuropathological feature is the preferential loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) within the inner retina but, rather strikingly, the smaller calibre RGCs that constitute the papillomacular bundle are particularly vulnerable, whereas melanopsin-containing RGCs are relatively spared. Although the majority of patients with LHON and DOA will present with isolated optic nerve involvement, some individuals will also develop additional neurological complications pointing towards a greater vulnerability of the central nervous system (CNS) in susceptible mutation carriers. These so-called “plus” phenotypes are mechanistically important as they put the loss of RGCs within the broader perspective of neuronal loss and mitochondrial dysfunction, highlighting common pathways that could be modulated to halt progressive neurodegeneration in other related CNS disorders. The management of patients with mitochondrial optic neuropathies still remains largely supportive, but the development of effective disease-modifying treatments is now within tantalising reach helped by major advances in drug discovery and delivery, and targeted genetic manipulation.
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18
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Salas A, Elson JL. Mitochondrial DNA as a risk factor for false positives in case-control association studies. J Genet Genomics 2015; 42:169-72. [PMID: 25953355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Salas
- Unidade de Xenética, Instituto de Medicina Legal, and Departamento de Anatomía Patolóxica e Ciencias Forenses, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia 15782, Spain.
| | - Joanna L Elson
- Mitochondrial Research Group, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Centre for Life, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK; Centre for Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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19
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Raule N, Sevini F, Li S, Barbieri A, Tallaro F, Lomartire L, Vianello D, Montesanto A, Moilanen JS, Bezrukov V, Blanché H, Hervonen A, Christensen K, Deiana L, Gonos ES, Kirkwood TBL, Kristensen P, Leon A, Pelicci PG, Poulain M, Rea IM, Remacle J, Robine JM, Schreiber S, Sikora E, Eline Slagboom P, Spazzafumo L, Antonietta Stazi M, Toussaint O, Vaupel JW, Rose G, Majamaa K, Perola M, Johnson TE, Bolund L, Yang H, Passarino G, Franceschi C. The co-occurrence of mtDNA mutations on different oxidative phosphorylation subunits, not detected by haplogroup analysis, affects human longevity and is population specific. Aging Cell 2014; 13:401-7. [PMID: 24341918 PMCID: PMC4326891 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To re-examine the correlation between mtDNA variability and longevity, we examined mtDNAs from samples obtained from over 2200 ultranonagenarians (and an equal number of controls) collected within the framework of the GEHA EU project. The samples were categorized by high-resolution classification, while about 1300 mtDNA molecules (650 ultranonagenarians and an equal number of controls) were completely sequenced. Sequences, unlike standard haplogroup analysis, made possible to evaluate for the first time the cumulative effects of specific, concomitant mtDNA mutations, including those that per se have a low, or very low, impact. In particular, the analysis of the mutations occurring in different OXPHOS complex showed a complex scenario with a different mutation burden in 90+ subjects with respect to controls. These findings suggested that mutations in subunits of the OXPHOS complex I had a beneficial effect on longevity, while the simultaneous presence of mutations in complex I and III (which also occurs in J subhaplogroups involved in LHON) and in complex I and V seemed to be detrimental, likely explaining previous contradictory results. On the whole, our study, which goes beyond haplogroup analysis, suggests that mitochondrial DNA variation does affect human longevity, but its effect is heavily influenced by the interaction between mutations concomitantly occurring on different mtDNA genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Raule
- BioPhysics and Biocomplexity and Department of Experimental Pathology; C.I. G. Interdepartmental Centre L. Galvani for Integrated Studies on Bioinformatics; University of Bologna; Bologna 40126 Italy
| | - Federica Sevini
- BioPhysics and Biocomplexity and Department of Experimental Pathology; C.I. G. Interdepartmental Centre L. Galvani for Integrated Studies on Bioinformatics; University of Bologna; Bologna 40126 Italy
| | | | - Annalaura Barbieri
- BioPhysics and Biocomplexity and Department of Experimental Pathology; C.I. G. Interdepartmental Centre L. Galvani for Integrated Studies on Bioinformatics; University of Bologna; Bologna 40126 Italy
| | - Federica Tallaro
- Department of Cell Biology; University of Calabria; Rende 87036 Italy
| | - Laura Lomartire
- BioPhysics and Biocomplexity and Department of Experimental Pathology; C.I. G. Interdepartmental Centre L. Galvani for Integrated Studies on Bioinformatics; University of Bologna; Bologna 40126 Italy
| | - Dario Vianello
- BioPhysics and Biocomplexity and Department of Experimental Pathology; C.I. G. Interdepartmental Centre L. Galvani for Integrated Studies on Bioinformatics; University of Bologna; Bologna 40126 Italy
| | | | - Jukka S. Moilanen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine; University of Oulu; Oulu University Hospital and MRC Oulu; Oulu 90014 Finland
| | | | - Hélène Blanché
- Centre Polymorphisme Humaine; Fondation Jean Dausset; Paris 75010 France
| | | | - Kaare Christensen
- Institute of Public Health; University of Southern Denmark; Odense 5230 Denmark
| | | | | | - Tom B. L. Kirkwood
- School of Clinical Medical Sciences; Gerontology “Henry Wellcome”; University of Newcastle upon Tyne; Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ UK
| | | | - Alberta Leon
- Research & Innovation Soc.Coop. a r.l.; Padova 35127 Italy
| | | | - Michel Poulain
- Research Centre of Demographic Management for Public Administrations; UCL-GéDAP; Louvain-la-Neuve 1348 Belgium
| | - Irene M. Rea
- The Queen's University Belfast; Belfast BT7 1NN UK
| | - Josè Remacle
- Eppendorf Array Technologies; SA-EAT Research and Development; Namur 5000 Belgium
| | - Jean Marie Robine
- University of Montpellier; Val d'Aurelle Cancer Research Center; Montpellier 34090 France
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Kiel Center for Functional Genomics; University Hospital Schleswig Holstein; Kiel 24105 Germany
| | - Ewa Sikora
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology; Polish Academy of Sciences; Warsaw 00-679 Poland
| | | | - Liana Spazzafumo
- INRCA-Italian National Research Centre on Aging; Ancona 60127 Italy
| | | | | | - James W. Vaupel
- Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research; Rostock 18057 Germany
| | - Giuseppina Rose
- Department of Cell Biology; University of Calabria; Rende 87036 Italy
| | - Kari Majamaa
- Institute of Clinical Medicine; University of Oulu; Oulu University Hospital and MRC Oulu; Oulu 90014 Finland
| | - Markus Perola
- National Public Health Institute; Helsinki 00260 Finland
| | - Thomas E. Johnson
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics; University of Colorado Boulder; Boulder CO 80309 USA
| | | | | | | | - Claudio Franceschi
- BioPhysics and Biocomplexity and Department of Experimental Pathology; C.I. G. Interdepartmental Centre L. Galvani for Integrated Studies on Bioinformatics; University of Bologna; Bologna 40126 Italy
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20
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Sevini F, Giuliani C, Vianello D, Giampieri E, Santoro A, Biondi F, Garagnani P, Passarino G, Luiselli D, Capri M, Franceschi C, Salvioli S. mtDNA mutations in human aging and longevity: controversies and new perspectives opened by high-throughput technologies. Exp Gerontol 2014; 56:234-44. [PMID: 24709341 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2014.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The last 30 years of research greatly contributed to shed light on the role of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variability in aging, although contrasting results have been reported, mainly due to bias regarding the population size and stratification, and to the use of analysis methods (haplogroup classification) that resulted to be not sufficiently adequate to grasp the complexity of the phenomenon. A 5-years European study (the GEHA EU project) collected and analyzed data on mtDNA variability on an unprecedented number of long-living subjects (enriched for longevity genes) and a comparable number of controls (matched for gender and ethnicity) in Europe. This very large study allowed a reappraisal of the role of both the inherited and the somatic mtDNA variability in aging, as an association with longevity emerged only when mtDNA variants in OXPHOS complexes co-occurred. Moreover, the availability of data from both nuclear and mitochondrial genomes on a large number of subjects paves the way for an evaluation at a very large scale of the epistatic interactions at a higher level of complexity. This scenario is expected to be even more clarified in the next future with the use of next generation sequencing (NGS) techniques, which are becoming applicable to evaluate mtDNA variability and, then, new mathematical/bioinformatic analysis methods are urgently needed. Recent advances of association studies on age-related diseases and mtDNA variability will also be discussed in this review, taking into account the bias hidden by population stratification. Finally, very recent findings in terms of mtDNA heteroplasmy (i.e. the coexistence of wild type and mutated copies of mtDNA) and aging as well as mitochondrial epigenetic mechanisms will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Sevini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, via S. Giacomo 12, 40126 Bologna, Italy; C.I.G. Interdepartmental Centre L. Galvani for Integrated Studies on Bioinformatics, Biophysics and Biocomplexity, University of Bologna, via S. Giacomo 12, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Cristina Giuliani
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory of Anthropology, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy; Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Genome Biology, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Dario Vianello
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, via S. Giacomo 12, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Enrico Giampieri
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Aurelia Santoro
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, via S. Giacomo 12, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Fiammetta Biondi
- C.I.G. Interdepartmental Centre L. Galvani for Integrated Studies on Bioinformatics, Biophysics and Biocomplexity, University of Bologna, via S. Giacomo 12, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Garagnani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, via S. Giacomo 12, 40126 Bologna, Italy; C.I.G. Interdepartmental Centre L. Galvani for Integrated Studies on Bioinformatics, Biophysics and Biocomplexity, University of Bologna, via S. Giacomo 12, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Passarino
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Donata Luiselli
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory of Anthropology, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy; Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Genome Biology, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Miriam Capri
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, via S. Giacomo 12, 40126 Bologna, Italy; C.I.G. Interdepartmental Centre L. Galvani for Integrated Studies on Bioinformatics, Biophysics and Biocomplexity, University of Bologna, via S. Giacomo 12, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, via S. Giacomo 12, 40126 Bologna, Italy; C.I.G. Interdepartmental Centre L. Galvani for Integrated Studies on Bioinformatics, Biophysics and Biocomplexity, University of Bologna, via S. Giacomo 12, 40126, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS, Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Ospedale Bellaria, Via Altura 3, 40139 Bologna, Italy; CNR, Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, via S. Giacomo 12, 40126 Bologna, Italy; C.I.G. Interdepartmental Centre L. Galvani for Integrated Studies on Bioinformatics, Biophysics and Biocomplexity, University of Bologna, via S. Giacomo 12, 40126, Bologna, Italy
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21
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Abu-Amero KK. Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy: The Mitochondrial Connection Revisited. Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol 2011; 18:17-23. [PMID: 21572729 PMCID: PMC3085146 DOI: 10.4103/0974-9233.75880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Our current understanding of Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON)-mitochondrial connection falls short of comprehensive. Twenty years of intensive investigation have yielded a wealth of information about mitochondria, the mitochondrial genome, the metabolism of the optic nerve and other structures, and the phenotypic variability of classic LHON. However, we still cannot completely explain how primary LHON mutations injure the optic nerve or why the optic nerve is particularly at risk. We cannot explain the incomplete penetrance or the male predominance of LHON, the typical onset in young adult life without warning, or the synchronicity of visual loss. Moreover, primary LHON mutations clearly are not present in every family with the LHON phenotype (including multigenerational maternal inheritance), and they are present in only a minority of individuals who have the LHON optic neuropathy phenotype without a family history. All lines of evidence point to abnormalities of the mitochondria as the direct or indirect cause of LHON. Therefore, the mitochondria-LHON connection needs to be revisited and examined closely. This review will attempt to do that and provide an update on various aspects of LHON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled K Abu-Amero
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmic Genetics Laboratory, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P. O. Box 245, Riyadh 11411, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy-Gene Therapy: From Benchtop to Bedside. J Ophthalmol 2010; 2011:179412. [PMID: 21253496 PMCID: PMC3021870 DOI: 10.1155/2011/179412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2010] [Revised: 10/07/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a maternally transmitted disorder caused by point mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Most cases are due to mutations in genes encoding subunits of the NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase that is Complex I of the electron transport chain (ETC). These mutations are located at nucleotide positions 3460, 11778, or 14484 in the mitochondrial genome. The disease is characterized by apoplectic, bilateral, and severe visual loss. While the mutated mtDNA impairs generation of ATP by all mitochondria, there is only a selective loss of retinal ganglion cells and degeneration of optic nerve axons. Thus, blindness is typically permanent. Half of the men and 10% of females who harbor the pathogenic mtDNA mutation actually develop the phenotype. This incomplete penetrance and gender bias is not fully understood. Additional mitochondrial and/or nuclear genetic factors may modulate the phenotypic expression of LHON. In a population-based study, the mtDNA background of haplogroup J was associated with an inverse relationship of low-ATP generation and increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Effective therapy for LHON has been elusive. In this paper, we describe the findings of pertinent published studies and discuss the controversies of potential strategies to ameliorate the disease.
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23
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Yu D, Jia X, Zhang AM, Guo X, Zhang YP, Zhang Q, Yao YG. Molecular characterization of six Chinese families with m.3460G>A and Leber hereditary optic neuropathy. Neurogenetics 2010; 11:349-56. [DOI: 10.1007/s10048-010-0236-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2009] [Accepted: 02/15/2010] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Tońska K, Kodroń A, Bartnik E. Genotype-phenotype correlations in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2010; 1797:1119-23. [PMID: 20211598 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2010.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2009] [Revised: 01/29/2010] [Accepted: 02/26/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), acute or subacute vision loss due to retinal ganglion cell death which in the long run leads to optic nerve atrophy is one of the most widely studied maternally inherited diseases caused by mutations in mitochondrial DNA. Although three common mutations, 11778G>A, 14484T>C or 3460G>A are responsible for over 90% of cases and affect genes encoding complex I subunits of the respiratory chain, their influence on bioenergetic properties of the cell is marginal and cannot fully explain the pathology of the disease. The following chain of events was proposed, based on biochemical and anatomical properties of retinal ganglion cells whose axons form the optic nerve: mitochondrial DNA mutations increase reactive oxygen species production in these sensitive cells, leading to caspase-independent apoptosis. As LHON is characterized by low penetrance and sex bias (men are affected about 5 times more frequently than women) the participation of the other factors-genetic and environmental-beside mtDNA mutations was studied. Mitochondrial haplogroups and smoking are some of the factors involved in the complex etiology of this disease.
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MESH Headings
- Apoptosis
- DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics
- Electron Transport Complex I/genetics
- Energy Metabolism
- Female
- Genetic Association Studies
- Humans
- Male
- Models, Biological
- Mutation, Missense
- Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber/genetics
- Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber/metabolism
- Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber/pathology
- Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber/therapy
- Optic Nerve/metabolism
- Optic Nerve/pathology
- Penetrance
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Sex Characteristics
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Tońska
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ul. Pawinskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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Hudson G, Yu-Wai-Man P, Chinnery PF. Leber hereditary optic neuropathy. EXPERT OPINION ON MEDICAL DIAGNOSTICS 2008; 2:789-99. [PMID: 23495818 DOI: 10.1517/17530059.2.7.789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a cause of inherited blindness that typically presents with bilateral, painless, subacute visual failure in young adult males. Males are about four times more likely to be affected than females and 95% of LHON carriers become affected before the age of 50. Affected patients may have characteristic ocular fundal appearances and have evidence of optic nerve dysfunction in the form of impaired colour vision (dyschromatopsia), dense visual field defects (central or caecocentral scotoma) and abnormal visual electrophysiology. OBJECTIVES To summarise the current clinical approach to the molecular diagnosis and clinical management of LHON. METHODS To review the literature and present a review of current understanding. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS The diagnosis of LHON is usually confirmed by molecular genetic analysis for one of three common mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations that all affect genes coding for complex I subunits of the respiratory chain: m.3460G > A, m.11778G > A and m.14484T > C. Sequencing of the entire mitochondrial genome can reveal the underlying cause in the minority of patients (∼ 5%) who do not harbour one of these three primary mutations, but a molecular diagnosis is not always possible. A minority of LHON patients exhibit a more widespread multi-system involvement with extra neurological features such as dystonia or a multiple sclerosis-like illness. Management is largely supportive, with the provision of low-vision aids, registration with the relevant social services and an important role for genetic counselling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Hudson
- Newcastle University, Mitochondrial Research Group, M4014, The Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK +44 191 222 8233 ; +44 191 222 8553 ;
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Zhang S, Wang L, Hao Y, Wang P, Hao P, Yin K, Wang QK, Liu M. T14484C and T14502C in the mitochondrial ND6 gene are associated with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy in a Chinese family. Mitochondrion 2008; 8:205-10. [PMID: 18440284 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2008.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2007] [Revised: 02/02/2008] [Accepted: 02/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a maternally inherited ocular disease which has been associated with three primary mitochondrial DNA mutations: G3640A, G11778A, and T14484C. In this study, we clinically characterized a Chinese family with complete penetrance of LHON. The patients in the family presented with variable clinical features. By direct DNA sequence analysis, we identified both T14484C mutation and a nearby T to C variant at nucleotide 14502 of mitochondria DNA. The T14502C variant altered I58 to V of the protein ND6, which was present in all patients of the family, but not in four unaffected family members and 200 normal controls. The co-existence of both T14484C mutation and T14502C substitution in all patients from the same LHON family suggests that T14502C may play a synergistic role with the primary mutation T14484C. The two variants together may account for the complete penetrance and absence of marked gender bias and visual recovery in the Chinese LHON family although we cannot exclude the possibility of simultaneous involvement of additional mitochondrial variant(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education and Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Wuhan 430074, China
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27
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Ji Y, Jia X, Zhang Q, Yao YG. mtDNA haplogroup distribution in Chinese patients with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy and G11778A mutation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007; 364:238-42. [PMID: 17942074 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.09.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2007] [Accepted: 09/25/2007] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA background has been shown to be involved in the penetrance of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) in western Eurasian populations. To analyze mtDNA haplogroup distribution pattern in Han Chinese patients with LHON and G11778A mutation, we analyzed the mtDNA haplogroups of 41 probands with LHON known to harbor G11778A mutation by sequencing the mtDNA control region hypervariable segments and some coding region polymorphisms. Each mtDNA was classified according to the available East Asian haplogroup system. The haplogroup distribution pattern of LHON sample was then compared to the reported Han Chinese samples. Haplogroups M7, D, B, and A were detected in 11 (26.8%), 10 (24.4%), 8 (19.5%), and 5 (12.2%) LHON families, respectively, and accounted for 82.9% of the total samples examined. For the remaining seven mtDNAs, six belonged to M8a, M10a, C, N9a, F1a, and R11, respectively, and one could only be assigned into macro-haplogroup M. The LHON sample was distinguished from other Han Chinese samples in the principal component map based on haplogroup distribution frequency. Our results show that matrilineal genetic components of Chinese LHON patients with G11778A are diverse and differ from related Han Chinese regional samples. mtDNA background might affect the expression of LHON and the G11778A mutation in Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
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28
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Hewitt AW. Genetic diseases of the optic nerve head: from embryogenesis to pathogenesis. EXPERT REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2007. [DOI: 10.1586/17469899.2.5.769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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29
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Hudson G, Carelli V, Spruijt L, Gerards M, Mowbray C, Achilli A, Pyle A, Elson J, Howell N, La Morgia C, Valentino ML, Huoponen K, Savontaus ML, Nikoskelainen E, Sadun AA, Salomao SR, Belfort R, Griffiths P, Yu-Wai-Man P, de Coo RFM, Horvath R, Zeviani M, Smeets HJT, Torroni A, Chinnery PF. Clinical expression of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy is affected by the mitochondrial DNA-haplogroup background. Am J Hum Genet 2007; 81:228-33. [PMID: 17668373 PMCID: PMC1950812 DOI: 10.1086/519394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2007] [Accepted: 04/24/2007] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is due primarily to one of three common point mutations of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), but the incomplete penetrance implicates additional genetic or environmental factors in the pathophysiology of the disorder. Both the 11778G-->A and 14484T-->C LHON mutations are preferentially found on a specific mtDNA genetic background, but 3460G-->A is not. However, there is no clear evidence that any background influences clinical penetrance in any of these mutations. By studying 3,613 subjects from 159 LHON-affected pedigrees, we show that the risk of visual failure is greater when the 11778G-->A or 14484T-->C mutations are present in specific subgroups of haplogroup J (J2 for 11778G-->A and J1 for 14484T-->C) and when the 3460G-->A mutation is present in haplogroup K. By contrast, the risk of visual failure is significantly less when 11778G-->A occurs in haplogroup H. Substitutions on MTCYB provide an explanation for these findings, which demonstrate that common genetic variants have a marked effect on the expression of an ostensibly monogenic mtDNA disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Hudson
- Mitochondrial Research Group, Department of Ophthalmology and Institute of Human Genetics, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
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Puomila A, Hämäläinen P, Kivioja S, Savontaus ML, Koivumäki S, Huoponen K, Nikoskelainen E. Epidemiology and penetrance of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy in Finland. Eur J Hum Genet 2007; 15:1079-89. [PMID: 17406640 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We have performed an entire-population-based survey of the epidemiology and penetrance of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) in Finland - a country that is among the best-studied genetic isolates in the world. During our long-term clinical follow-up period since 1970, we have so far identified 36 LHON families in Finland, comprised of almost 1000 family members. Counting the unaffected family members has been possible thanks to accessible genealogical records, and this has improved the accuracy of our penetrance figures by minimizing the sample bias. Our results, although confirming some well-known features of LHON, indicate that the overall penetrance of LHON is lower than previously estimated, and that affected females have a higher incidence of affected offspring compared to the unaffected females. The prevalence of LHON in Finland is 1:50 000, and one in 9000 Finns is a carrier of one of the three LHON primary mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Puomila
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
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31
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Elson JL, Majamaa K, Howell N, Chinnery PF. Associating mitochondrial DNA variation with complex traits. Am J Hum Genet 2007; 80:378-82; author reply 382-3. [PMID: 17304709 PMCID: PMC1785337 DOI: 10.1086/511652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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32
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Shafa Shariat Panahi M, Houshmand M, Tabassi AR. Mitochondrial D-loop variation in leber hereditary neuropathy patients harboring primary G11778A, G3460A, T14484C mutations: J and W haplogroups as high-risk factors. Arch Med Res 2007; 37:1028-33. [PMID: 17045122 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2006.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2005] [Accepted: 04/17/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a maternally inherited form of retinal ganglion cell degeneration leading to optic atrophy in young adults. It is caused by three primary point mutations including G11778A, G3460A, and T14484C in the mitochondrial genome. These three mutations account for the majority of LHON cases and affect genes that encode for different subunits of mitochondrial complex I. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has a non-coding region at the displacement loop (D-loop) that contains two hypervariable segments (HVS-I and HVS-II) with high polymorphism. METHODS To investigate any possible association between LHON primary mutations and mtDNA haplogroups (hg), the nucleotide sequence of the HVS-I region of mtDNA was determined in 30 unrelated Iranian patients with LHON harboring one of the primary mutations and 100 normal controls with the same ethnicity. DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood after having obtained informed consent. The nucleotide sequence of HVS-I (np 16,024-16,383) was directly determined. RESULTS Our analysis revealed a relatively high proportion of haplogroup J in LHON patients (53.3%) compared to normal controls (20%). In addition, a slightly significant increase of normal controls of haplogroup L has been confirmed (14% in normal controls vs. 0% in LHON patients at p = 0.03), whereas other haplogroups did not show contribution to LHON contingency. CONCLUSIONS The analysis presented here provides evidence that there is an association between G11778A and G3460A with haplogroup J (including J1 and J2) and W, respectively. Therefore, we hypothesize that mtDNA haplogroups J (J1 and J2) and W might act as predisposing haplotypes, increasing penetrance of LHON disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Shafa Shariat Panahi
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
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33
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Oldfors A, Tulinius M. Mitochondrial encephalomyopathies. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2007; 86:125-165. [PMID: 18808998 DOI: 10.1016/s0072-9752(07)86006-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
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Tharaphan P, Chuenkongkaew WL, Luangtrakool K, Sanpachudayan T, Suktitipat B, Suphavilai R, Srisawat C, Sura T, Lertrit P. Mitochondrial DNA Haplogroup Distribution in Pedigrees of Southeast Asian G11778A Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy. J Neuroophthalmol 2006; 26:264-7. [PMID: 17204919 DOI: 10.1097/01.wno.0000249318.88991.c4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the association of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups and Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) in the Southeast Asian population, mtDNA haplogroup determination was performed by high-resolution restriction fragment length polymorphism in 42 patients with LHON who were carrying the G11778A mutation and in control subjects drawn from a Thai urban population unaffected by LHON. The patients with LHON were of Thai, Thai-Chinese, and Indian origin. Three mtDNA haplogroups, M, B*, and B, were found in LHON patients in a frequency similar to that in control subjects. mtDNA haplogroup F was found in none of the patients with LHON but was the second most common haplogroup in control subjects. The G11778A mutation must have arisen in our population independently from the mutation in Caucasians. In contrast to Caucasians, no specific mtDNA haplotype was associated with the patients with LHON in the Southeast Asian population. The mitochondrial polymorphisms that modify the expression of LHON in Southeast Asians could not be identified in this study. The lack of haplogroup F in our patients with LHON may indicate the protective effect of this haplogroup in the expression of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pattamon Tharaphan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, Thailand
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35
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Bandelt HJ, Yao YG, Salas A, Kivisild T, Bravi CM. High penetrance of sequencing errors and interpretative shortcomings in mtDNA sequence analysis of LHON patients. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 352:283-91. [PMID: 17123466 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.10.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2006] [Accepted: 10/25/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
For identifying mutation(s) that are potentially pathogenic it is essential to determine the entire mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences from patients suffering from a particular mitochondrial disease, such as Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON). However, such sequencing efforts can, in the worst case, be riddled with errors by imposing phantom mutations or misreporting variant nucleotides, and moreover, by inadvertently regarding some mutations as novel and pathogenic, which are actually known to define minor haplogroups. Under such circumstances it remains unclear whether the disease-associated mutations would have been determined adequately. Here, we re-analyse four problematic LHON studies and propose guidelines by which some of the pitfalls could be avoided.
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Carelli V, Achilli A, Valentino ML, Rengo C, Semino O, Pala M, Olivieri A, Mattiazzi M, Pallotti F, Carrara F, Zeviani M, Leuzzi V, Carducci C, Valle G, Simionati B, Mendieta L, Salomao S, Belfort R, Sadun AA, Torroni A. Haplogroup effects and recombination of mitochondrial DNA: novel clues from the analysis of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy pedigrees. Am J Hum Genet 2006; 78:564-74. [PMID: 16532388 PMCID: PMC1424694 DOI: 10.1086/501236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2005] [Accepted: 01/13/2006] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of 87 index cases with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) sequentially diagnosed in Italy, including an extremely large Brazilian family of Italian maternal ancestry, was evaluated in detail. Only seven pairs and three triplets of identical haplotypes were observed, attesting that the large majority of the LHON mutations were due to independent mutational events. Assignment of the mutational events into haplogroups confirmed that J1 and J2 play a role in LHON expression but narrowed the association to the subclades J1c and J2b, thus suggesting that two specific combinations of amino acid changes in the cytochrome b are the cause of the mtDNA background effect and that this may occur at the level of the supercomplex formed by respiratory-chain complexes I and III. The families with identical haplotypes were genealogically reinvestigated, which led to the reconnection into extended pedigrees of three pairs of families, including the Brazilian family with its Italian counterpart. The sequencing of entire mtDNA samples from the reconnected families confirmed the genealogical reconstruction but showed that the Brazilian family was heteroplasmic at two control-region positions. The survey of the two sites in 12 of the Brazilian subjects revealed triplasmy in most cases, but there was no evidence of the tetraplasmy that would be expected in the case of mtDNA recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Carelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna; Doheny Eye Institute, Keck/University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York; Division of Molecular Neurogenetics, National Neurological Institute “Carlo Besta,” Milan; Dipartimenti di Scienze Neurologiche e Psichiatriche dell’ Età Evolutiva and Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Roma “La Sapienza,” Rome; Centro Ricerca Interdipartimentale Biotecnologie Innovative, Università di Padua, Padua, Italy; and Departamento de Oftalmologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo
| | - Alessandro Achilli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna; Doheny Eye Institute, Keck/University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York; Division of Molecular Neurogenetics, National Neurological Institute “Carlo Besta,” Milan; Dipartimenti di Scienze Neurologiche e Psichiatriche dell’ Età Evolutiva and Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Roma “La Sapienza,” Rome; Centro Ricerca Interdipartimentale Biotecnologie Innovative, Università di Padua, Padua, Italy; and Departamento de Oftalmologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo
| | - Maria Lucia Valentino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna; Doheny Eye Institute, Keck/University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York; Division of Molecular Neurogenetics, National Neurological Institute “Carlo Besta,” Milan; Dipartimenti di Scienze Neurologiche e Psichiatriche dell’ Età Evolutiva and Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Roma “La Sapienza,” Rome; Centro Ricerca Interdipartimentale Biotecnologie Innovative, Università di Padua, Padua, Italy; and Departamento de Oftalmologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo
| | - Chiara Rengo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna; Doheny Eye Institute, Keck/University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York; Division of Molecular Neurogenetics, National Neurological Institute “Carlo Besta,” Milan; Dipartimenti di Scienze Neurologiche e Psichiatriche dell’ Età Evolutiva and Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Roma “La Sapienza,” Rome; Centro Ricerca Interdipartimentale Biotecnologie Innovative, Università di Padua, Padua, Italy; and Departamento de Oftalmologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo
| | - Ornella Semino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna; Doheny Eye Institute, Keck/University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York; Division of Molecular Neurogenetics, National Neurological Institute “Carlo Besta,” Milan; Dipartimenti di Scienze Neurologiche e Psichiatriche dell’ Età Evolutiva and Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Roma “La Sapienza,” Rome; Centro Ricerca Interdipartimentale Biotecnologie Innovative, Università di Padua, Padua, Italy; and Departamento de Oftalmologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo
| | - Maria Pala
- Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna; Doheny Eye Institute, Keck/University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York; Division of Molecular Neurogenetics, National Neurological Institute “Carlo Besta,” Milan; Dipartimenti di Scienze Neurologiche e Psichiatriche dell’ Età Evolutiva and Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Roma “La Sapienza,” Rome; Centro Ricerca Interdipartimentale Biotecnologie Innovative, Università di Padua, Padua, Italy; and Departamento de Oftalmologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo
| | - Anna Olivieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna; Doheny Eye Institute, Keck/University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York; Division of Molecular Neurogenetics, National Neurological Institute “Carlo Besta,” Milan; Dipartimenti di Scienze Neurologiche e Psichiatriche dell’ Età Evolutiva and Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Roma “La Sapienza,” Rome; Centro Ricerca Interdipartimentale Biotecnologie Innovative, Università di Padua, Padua, Italy; and Departamento de Oftalmologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo
| | - Marina Mattiazzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna; Doheny Eye Institute, Keck/University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York; Division of Molecular Neurogenetics, National Neurological Institute “Carlo Besta,” Milan; Dipartimenti di Scienze Neurologiche e Psichiatriche dell’ Età Evolutiva and Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Roma “La Sapienza,” Rome; Centro Ricerca Interdipartimentale Biotecnologie Innovative, Università di Padua, Padua, Italy; and Departamento de Oftalmologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo
| | - Francesco Pallotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna; Doheny Eye Institute, Keck/University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York; Division of Molecular Neurogenetics, National Neurological Institute “Carlo Besta,” Milan; Dipartimenti di Scienze Neurologiche e Psichiatriche dell’ Età Evolutiva and Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Roma “La Sapienza,” Rome; Centro Ricerca Interdipartimentale Biotecnologie Innovative, Università di Padua, Padua, Italy; and Departamento de Oftalmologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo
| | - Franco Carrara
- Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna; Doheny Eye Institute, Keck/University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York; Division of Molecular Neurogenetics, National Neurological Institute “Carlo Besta,” Milan; Dipartimenti di Scienze Neurologiche e Psichiatriche dell’ Età Evolutiva and Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Roma “La Sapienza,” Rome; Centro Ricerca Interdipartimentale Biotecnologie Innovative, Università di Padua, Padua, Italy; and Departamento de Oftalmologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo
| | - Massimo Zeviani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna; Doheny Eye Institute, Keck/University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York; Division of Molecular Neurogenetics, National Neurological Institute “Carlo Besta,” Milan; Dipartimenti di Scienze Neurologiche e Psichiatriche dell’ Età Evolutiva and Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Roma “La Sapienza,” Rome; Centro Ricerca Interdipartimentale Biotecnologie Innovative, Università di Padua, Padua, Italy; and Departamento de Oftalmologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo
| | - Vincenzo Leuzzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna; Doheny Eye Institute, Keck/University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York; Division of Molecular Neurogenetics, National Neurological Institute “Carlo Besta,” Milan; Dipartimenti di Scienze Neurologiche e Psichiatriche dell’ Età Evolutiva and Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Roma “La Sapienza,” Rome; Centro Ricerca Interdipartimentale Biotecnologie Innovative, Università di Padua, Padua, Italy; and Departamento de Oftalmologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo
| | - Carla Carducci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna; Doheny Eye Institute, Keck/University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York; Division of Molecular Neurogenetics, National Neurological Institute “Carlo Besta,” Milan; Dipartimenti di Scienze Neurologiche e Psichiatriche dell’ Età Evolutiva and Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Roma “La Sapienza,” Rome; Centro Ricerca Interdipartimentale Biotecnologie Innovative, Università di Padua, Padua, Italy; and Departamento de Oftalmologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo
| | - Giorgio Valle
- Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna; Doheny Eye Institute, Keck/University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York; Division of Molecular Neurogenetics, National Neurological Institute “Carlo Besta,” Milan; Dipartimenti di Scienze Neurologiche e Psichiatriche dell’ Età Evolutiva and Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Roma “La Sapienza,” Rome; Centro Ricerca Interdipartimentale Biotecnologie Innovative, Università di Padua, Padua, Italy; and Departamento de Oftalmologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo
| | - Barbara Simionati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna; Doheny Eye Institute, Keck/University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York; Division of Molecular Neurogenetics, National Neurological Institute “Carlo Besta,” Milan; Dipartimenti di Scienze Neurologiche e Psichiatriche dell’ Età Evolutiva and Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Roma “La Sapienza,” Rome; Centro Ricerca Interdipartimentale Biotecnologie Innovative, Università di Padua, Padua, Italy; and Departamento de Oftalmologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo
| | - Luana Mendieta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna; Doheny Eye Institute, Keck/University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York; Division of Molecular Neurogenetics, National Neurological Institute “Carlo Besta,” Milan; Dipartimenti di Scienze Neurologiche e Psichiatriche dell’ Età Evolutiva and Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Roma “La Sapienza,” Rome; Centro Ricerca Interdipartimentale Biotecnologie Innovative, Università di Padua, Padua, Italy; and Departamento de Oftalmologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo
| | - Solange Salomao
- Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna; Doheny Eye Institute, Keck/University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York; Division of Molecular Neurogenetics, National Neurological Institute “Carlo Besta,” Milan; Dipartimenti di Scienze Neurologiche e Psichiatriche dell’ Età Evolutiva and Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Roma “La Sapienza,” Rome; Centro Ricerca Interdipartimentale Biotecnologie Innovative, Università di Padua, Padua, Italy; and Departamento de Oftalmologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo
| | - Rubens Belfort
- Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna; Doheny Eye Institute, Keck/University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York; Division of Molecular Neurogenetics, National Neurological Institute “Carlo Besta,” Milan; Dipartimenti di Scienze Neurologiche e Psichiatriche dell’ Età Evolutiva and Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Roma “La Sapienza,” Rome; Centro Ricerca Interdipartimentale Biotecnologie Innovative, Università di Padua, Padua, Italy; and Departamento de Oftalmologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo
| | - Alfredo A. Sadun
- Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna; Doheny Eye Institute, Keck/University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York; Division of Molecular Neurogenetics, National Neurological Institute “Carlo Besta,” Milan; Dipartimenti di Scienze Neurologiche e Psichiatriche dell’ Età Evolutiva and Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Roma “La Sapienza,” Rome; Centro Ricerca Interdipartimentale Biotecnologie Innovative, Università di Padua, Padua, Italy; and Departamento de Oftalmologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo
| | - Antonio Torroni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna; Doheny Eye Institute, Keck/University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York; Division of Molecular Neurogenetics, National Neurological Institute “Carlo Besta,” Milan; Dipartimenti di Scienze Neurologiche e Psichiatriche dell’ Età Evolutiva and Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Roma “La Sapienza,” Rome; Centro Ricerca Interdipartimentale Biotecnologie Innovative, Università di Padua, Padua, Italy; and Departamento de Oftalmologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo
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37
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Yao YG, Salas A, Bravi CM, Bandelt HJ. A reappraisal of complete mtDNA variation in East Asian families with hearing impairment. Hum Genet 2006; 119:505-15. [PMID: 16528519 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-006-0154-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2005] [Accepted: 02/03/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In a number of recent studies, we summarized the obvious errors and shortcomings that can be spotted in many (if not most) mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) data sets published in medical genetics. We have reanalyzed here the complete mtDNA genome data published in various recent reports of East Asian families with hearing impairment, using a phylogenetic approach, in order to demonstrate the persistence of lab-specific mistakes in mtDNA genome sequencing in cases where those caveats were (deliberately) neglected. A phylogenetic reappraisal of complete mtDNAs with mutation A1555G (or G11778A) indeed supports the suggested lack of association between haplogroup background and phenotypic presentation of these mutations in East Asians. In contrast, the claimed pathogenicity of mutation T1095C in Chinese families with hearing impairment seems unsupported, basically because this mutation is rather basal in the mtDNA phylogeny, being specific to haplogroup M11 in East Asia. The roles of other haplogroup specific or associated variants, such as A827G, T961C, T1005C, in East Asian subjects with aminoglycoside-induced and non-syndromic hearing loss are also unclear in view of the known mtDNA phylogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Gang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
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38
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Volodko NV, L’vova MA, Starikovskaya EB, Derbeneva OA, Bychkov IY, Mikhailovskaya IE, Pogozheva IV, Fedotov FF, Soyan GV, Procaccio V, Wallace DC, Sukernik RI. Spectrum of pathogenic mtDNA mutations in Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy families from Siberia. RUSS J GENET+ 2006. [DOI: 10.1134/s102279540601011x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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39
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Hudson G, Keers S, Yu-Wai-Man P, Griffiths P, Huoponen K, Savontaus ML, Nikoskelainen E, Zeviani M, Carrara F, Horvath R, Karcagi V, Spruijt L, de Coo IFM, Smeets HJM, Chinnery PF. Identification of an X-chromosomal locus and haplotype modulating the phenotype of a mitochondrial DNA disorder. Am J Hum Genet 2005; 77:1086-91. [PMID: 16380918 PMCID: PMC1285165 DOI: 10.1086/498176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2005] [Accepted: 09/08/2005] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations are a major cause of human disease. A large number of different molecular defects ultimately compromise oxidative phosphorylation, but it is not clear why the same biochemical defect can cause diverse clinical phenotypes. There is emerging evidence that nuclear genes modulate the phenotype of primary mtDNA disorders. Here, we define an X-chromosomal haplotype that interacts with specific MTND mutations to cause visual failure in the most common mtDNA disease, Leber hereditary optic neuropathy. This effect is independent of the mtDNA genetic background and explains the variable penetrance and sex bias that characterizes this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Hudson
- Mitochondrial Research Group, The Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
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40
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Schaefer AM, Taylor RW, Turnbull DM, Chinnery PF. The epidemiology of mitochondrial disorders--past, present and future. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2005; 1659:115-20. [PMID: 15576042 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2004.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2004] [Revised: 09/08/2004] [Accepted: 09/09/2004] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A number of epidemiological studies of mitochondrial disease have been carried out over the last decade, clearly demonstrating that mitochondrial disorders are far more common than was previously accepted. This review summarizes current knowledge of the prevalence of human mitochondrial disorders--data that has important implications for the provision of health care and adequate resources for research into the pathogenesis and treatment of these disorders.
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