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Zhou Y, Guo X, Liu Z, Sun D, Liang Y, Shen H, Li X, Mu J, Liu J, Cao G, Chen M. 6-week time-restricted eating improves body composition, maintains exercise performance, without exacerbating eating disorder in female DanceSport dancers. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2024; 21:2369613. [PMID: 38904148 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2024.2369613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the high risk of eating disorder (ED)-related attitudes and behaviors among female dancers, targeted scientific dietary regimens are currently inadequate. Time-restricted eating (TRE), a popular intermittent fasting protocol, has been shown to be effective in enhancing body composition and exercise performance in athletes. In this study, TRE was employed as a dietary regimen to improve body composition and exercise performance and address ED attitudes and behaviors in DanceSport dancers. METHODS Twenty female DanceSport dancers were recruited and divided into two groups: TRE (n = 10) and normal diet (ND) (n = 10). The TRE group consumed their self-selected necessary energy intake exclusively between 11 a.m. and 7 p.m. (utilizing a 16-hour fasting and 8-hour eating window) for 6 weeks, while the ND group maintained their regular dieting patterns. The consumption of water, black tea, or coffee without added sugar or milk was not restricted. Physical activity and calorie intake were systematically recorded during the TRE intervention. Body composition, aerobic and anaerobic performance, and ED attitudes and behaviors were assessed before and after the TRE intervention. The trial was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry under the identifier ChiCTR2200063780. RESULTS The fixed effects tests (p < 0.0001) and estimates for the intercept (p < 0.0001) of hunger level indicated a noticeable effect on the initial state of hunger during TRE. No significant differences were observed in ED attitudes or behaviors (p > 0.05). TRE resulted in a reduction in hip circumference (p = 0.039), fat mass (kg) (p = 0.0004), and body fat percentage (p = 0.0005), with no significant decrease in fat-free mass (p > 0.05). No significant improvement was observed in aerobic performance (p > 0.05). The average power (AP) (p = 0.01) and AP/Body weight ratio (p = 0.003) significantly increased. Additionally, the power drop decreased significantly (p = 0.019). Group-by-time interactions were observed for fat mass (kg) (p = 0.01), body fat percentage (p = 0.035), and AP/Body weight (p = 0.020). CONCLUSION TRE can be considered a feasible nutritional strategy for DanceSport dancers, facilitating improvements in body composition without compromising aerobic and anaerobic exercise performance or exacerbating ED attitudes and behaviors. Moreover, TRE may facilitate more favorable physiological adaptations, potentially contributing to improved exercise performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Zhou
- Beijing Sport University, School of Art, Beijing, China
| | - Xian Guo
- Beijing Sport University, Sport Science School, Beijing, China
- Beijing Sport University, Beijing Sports Nutrition Engineering Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zeyao Liu
- Beijing Municipal Bureau of Sports, Beijing Lucheng Sports Technical School, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Sun
- Beijing Sport University, Competitive Sport School, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Liang
- Beijing Sport University, School of Art, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Shen
- Beijing Sport University, School of Art, Beijing, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- Beijing Sport University, Sport Science School, Beijing, China
| | - Jinhao Mu
- Beijing Sport University, Sport Science School, Beijing, China
| | - Jingying Liu
- Beijing Sport University, Sport Science School, Beijing, China
| | - Guoxia Cao
- Beijing Sport University, Sport Science School, Beijing, China
| | - Mengmeng Chen
- Beijing Sport University, Sport Science School, Beijing, China
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Selingardi SDA, Ribeiro SMLT, Freitas SND, Pimenta FAP, Machado-Coelho GLL, Oliveira FLPD, Neto RMDN, Menezes-Júnior LAAD. Temporal patterns of food consumption and their association with cardiovascular risk in rotating shift workers. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 62:95-101. [PMID: 38901954 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the association of temporal patterns of food consumption with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. METHODS This cross-sectional study included male rotating shift workers in an iron ore extraction company. Data on food consumption was collected using a 24 h recall, applied by trained interviewers. The variables for temporal patterns of food consumption were: eating window, eating at night, number of meals and omission of breakfast. CVD-risk was measured by calculating the Framingham coronary heart disease risk score (FCRS), and classified as low risk or intermediate to high risk. Descriptive, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses examined the association between variables related to temporal patterns of food consumption and CVD-risk. RESULTS The study assessed 208 workers, the majority with 20-34 years (45.1%), non-white (77.2%), and 5 years or more in shift work (76.0%). Most participants had a feeding window exceeding 12 h (63.9%), consumed meals until 10 p.m. (68.1%), had five or more meals per day (54.8%), and did not skip breakfast (86.5%). Regarding CVD-risk, 43.8% of the participants were classified with intermediate to high risk for CVD. In the multivariate model, a feeding window (OR: 2.32; 95%CI: 1.01-5.35), eating after 10 p.m. (OR: 3.31; 95%CI: 1.01-11.0), and skipping breakfast (OR: 2.58; 95%CI: 1.07-6.19) increased the likelihood of intermediate to high CVD-risk. Conversely, having five or more meals per day decreased the odds (OR: 0.27; 95%CI: 0.08-0.92). CONCLUSION Eating window longer than 12 h, eating after 10 p.m., less than four meals a day and omission of breakfast, are associated with cardiovascular risk in shift workers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - George Luiz Lins Machado-Coelho
- Post-graduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Nutrition School, Federal University of Ouro Preto. Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Medical School, Federal University of Minas Gerais. Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luiz Antônio Alves de Menezes-Júnior
- School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto. Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Post-graduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Nutrition School, Federal University of Ouro Preto. Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Sagun E, Akyol A, Kaymak C. Chrononutrition in Critical Illness. Nutr Rev 2024:nuae078. [PMID: 38904422 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms in humans are biological rhythms that regulate various physiological processes within a 24-hour time frame. Critical illness can disrupt the circadian rhythm, as can environmental and clinical factors, including altered light exposure, organ replacement therapies, disrupted sleep-wake cycles, noise, continuous enteral feeding, immobility, and therapeutic interventions. Nonpharmacological interventions, controlling the ICU environment, and pharmacological treatments are among the treatment strategies for circadian disruption. Nutrition establishes biological rhythms in metabolically active peripheral tissues and organs through appropriate synchronization with endocrine signals. Therefore, adhering to a feeding schedule based on the biological clock, a concept known as "chrononutrition," appears to be vitally important for regulating peripheral clocks. Chrononutritional approaches, such as intermittent enteral feeding that includes overnight fasting and consideration of macronutrient composition in enteral solutions, could potentially restore circadian health by resetting peripheral clocks. However, due to the lack of evidence, further studies on the effect of chrononutrition on clinical outcomes in critical illness are needed. The purpose of this review was to discuss the role of chrononutrition in regulating biological rhythms in critical illness, and its impact on clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eylul Sagun
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06100, Turkey
| | - Asli Akyol
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06100, Turkey
| | - Cetin Kaymak
- Gülhane Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, University of Health Sciences, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Intensive Care Unit, Ankara, 06230, Turkey
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Farag HI, Murphy BA, Templeman JR, Hanlon C, Joshua J, Koch TG, Niel L, Shoveller AK, Bedecarrats GY, Ellison A, Wilcockson D, Martino TA. One Health: Circadian Medicine Benefits Both Non-human Animals and Humans Alike. J Biol Rhythms 2024; 39:237-269. [PMID: 38379166 PMCID: PMC11141112 DOI: 10.1177/07487304241228021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Circadian biology's impact on human physical health and its role in disease development and progression is widely recognized. The forefront of circadian rhythm research now focuses on translational applications to clinical medicine, aiming to enhance disease diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment responses. However, the field of circadian medicine has predominantly concentrated on human healthcare, neglecting its potential for transformative applications in veterinary medicine, thereby overlooking opportunities to improve non-human animal health and welfare. This review consists of three main sections. The first section focuses on the translational potential of circadian medicine into current industry practices of agricultural animals, with a particular emphasis on horses, broiler chickens, and laying hens. The second section delves into the potential applications of circadian medicine in small animal veterinary care, primarily focusing on our companion animals, namely dogs and cats. The final section explores emerging frontiers in circadian medicine, encompassing aquaculture, veterinary hospital care, and non-human animal welfare and concludes with the integration of One Health principles. In summary, circadian medicine represents a highly promising field of medicine that holds the potential to significantly enhance the clinical care and overall health of all animals, extending its impact beyond human healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham I. Farag
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Centre for Cardiovascular Investigations, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Barbara A. Murphy
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - James R. Templeman
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Charlene Hanlon
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Jessica Joshua
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Thomas G. Koch
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Lee Niel
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Anna K. Shoveller
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | | | - Amy Ellison
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - David Wilcockson
- Department of Life Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Tami A. Martino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Centre for Cardiovascular Investigations, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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de Oliveira Melo NC, Cuevas-Sierra A, Souto VF, Martínez JA. Biological Rhythms, Chrono-Nutrition, and Gut Microbiota: Epigenomics Insights for Precision Nutrition and Metabolic Health. Biomolecules 2024; 14:559. [PMID: 38785965 PMCID: PMC11117887 DOI: 10.3390/biom14050559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms integrate a finely tuned network of biological processes recurring every 24 h, intricately coordinating the machinery of all cells. This self-regulating system plays a pivotal role in synchronizing physiological and behavioral responses, ensuring an adaptive metabolism within the environmental milieu, including dietary and physical activity habits. The systemic integration of circadian homeostasis involves a balance of biological rhythms, each synchronically linked to the central circadian clock. Central to this orchestration is the temporal dimension of nutrient and food intake, an aspect closely interwoven with the neuroendocrine circuit, gut physiology, and resident microbiota. Indeed, the timing of meals exerts a profound influence on cell cycle regulation through genomic and epigenetic processes, particularly those involving gene expression, DNA methylation and repair, and non-coding RNA activity. These (epi)genomic interactions involve a dynamic interface between circadian rhythms, nutrition, and the gut microbiota, shaping the metabolic and immune landscape of the host. This research endeavors to illustrate the intricate (epi)genetic interplay that modulates the synchronization of circadian rhythms, nutritional signaling, and the gut microbiota, unravelling the repercussions on metabolic health while suggesting the potential benefits of feed circadian realignment as a non-invasive therapeutic strategy for systemic metabolic modulation via gut microbiota. This exploration delves into the interconnections that underscore the significance of temporal eating patterns, offering insights regarding circadian rhythms, gut microbiota, and chrono-nutrition interactions with (epi)genomic phenomena, thereby influencing diverse aspects of metabolic, well-being, and quality of life outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda Cuevas-Sierra
- Precision Nutrition Program, Research Institute on Food and Health Sciences IMDEA Food, CSIC-UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Vitória Felício Souto
- Department of Nutrition at the Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (N.C.d.O.M.); (V.F.S.)
| | - J. Alfredo Martínez
- Precision Nutrition Program, Research Institute on Food and Health Sciences IMDEA Food, CSIC-UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centre of Medicine and Endocrinology, University of Valladolid, 47002 Valladolid, Spain
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Das S, Khan R, Banerjee S, Ray S, Ray S. Alterations in Circadian Rhythms, Sleep, and Physical Activity in COVID-19: Mechanisms, Interventions, and Lessons for the Future. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04178-5. [PMID: 38702566 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04178-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Although the world is acquitting from the throes of COVID-19 and returning to the regularity of life, its effects on physical and mental health are prominently evident in the post-pandemic era. The pandemic subjected us to inadequate sleep and physical activities, stress, irregular eating patterns, and work hours beyond the regular rest-activity cycle. Thus, perturbing the synchrony of the regular circadian clock functions led to chronic psychiatric and neurological disorders and poor immunological response in several COVID-19 survivors. Understanding the links between the host immune system and viral replication machinery from a clock-infection biology perspective promises novel avenues of intervention. Behavioral improvements in our daily lifestyle can reduce the severity and expedite the convalescent stage of COVID-19 by maintaining consistent eating, sleep, and physical activity schedules. Including dietary supplements and nutraceuticals with prophylactic value aids in combating COVID-19, as their deficiency can lead to a higher risk of infection, vulnerability, and severity of COVID-19. Thus, besides developing therapeutic measures, perpetual healthy practices could also contribute to combating the upcoming pandemics. This review highlights the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on biological rhythms, sleep-wake cycles, physical activities, and eating patterns and how those disruptions possibly contribute to the response, severity, and outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, 502284, Telangana, India
| | - Rajni Khan
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Hajipur, Vaishali, Hajipur, 844102, Bihar, India
| | - Srishti Banerjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, 502284, Telangana, India
| | - Shashikant Ray
- Department of Biotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, 845401, India.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Sandipan Ray
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, 502284, Telangana, India.
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7
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Jaffe SN, McGlinchey EL. Time restricted eating and depression: a psychological perspective. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2024; 75:344-347. [PMID: 38329088 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2024.2313981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Shalom N Jaffe
- School of Psychology and Counseling, Fairleigh Dickinson University, Teaneck, NJ, USA
| | - Eleanor L McGlinchey
- School of Psychology and Counseling, Fairleigh Dickinson University, Teaneck, NJ, USA
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8
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Wilhelmi de Toledo F, Grundler F, Mesnage R. World's Longest Medically Documented Repeated Fasting History in a 92 Years Old Man Who Fasted 21 Days Yearly for 45 Years: A Case Report. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE 2024; 30:487-491. [PMID: 38411687 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2023.0352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Case presentation: Scientific documentation on lifelong repeated cycles of long-term fasting doesn't exist. We report the case of a 92-year-old man who fasted 3 weeks yearly for 45 years. Results: Body weight and clinical parameters showed cyclic variations, returning to baseline after food reintroduction. Biological age analysis indicated that the patient was 5.9 years younger than his chronological age. Mental and physical health tests documented the absence of frailty, that the patient could function independently, had excellent cognitive functions, and a good mobility. Conclusion: It can be reasonably assumed that this subject have had protective effects from his yearly fasting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robin Mesnage
- Buchinger Wilhelmi Clinic, Überlingen, Germany
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Speksnijder EM, Bisschop PH, Siegelaar SE, Stenvers DJ, Kalsbeek A. Circadian desynchrony and glucose metabolism. J Pineal Res 2024; 76:e12956. [PMID: 38695262 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
The circadian timing system controls glucose metabolism in a time-of-day dependent manner. In mammals, the circadian timing system consists of the main central clock in the bilateral suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the anterior hypothalamus and subordinate clocks in peripheral tissues. The oscillations produced by these different clocks with a period of approximately 24-h are generated by the transcriptional-translational feedback loops of a set of core clock genes. Glucose homeostasis is one of the daily rhythms controlled by this circadian timing system. The central pacemaker in the SCN controls glucose homeostasis through its neural projections to hypothalamic hubs that are in control of feeding behavior and energy metabolism. Using hormones such as adrenal glucocorticoids and melatonin and the autonomic nervous system, the SCN modulates critical processes such as glucose production and insulin sensitivity. Peripheral clocks in tissues, such as the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue serve to enhance and sustain these SCN signals. In the optimal situation all these clocks are synchronized and aligned with behavior and the environmental light/dark cycle. A negative impact on glucose metabolism becomes apparent when the internal timing system becomes disturbed, also known as circadian desynchrony or circadian misalignment. Circadian desynchrony may occur at several levels, as the mistiming of light exposure or sleep will especially affect the central clock, whereas mistiming of food intake or physical activity will especially involve the peripheral clocks. In this review, we will summarize the literature investigating the impact of circadian desynchrony on glucose metabolism and how it may result in the development of insulin resistance. In addition, we will discuss potential strategies aimed at reinstating circadian synchrony to improve insulin sensitivity and contribute to the prevention of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther M Speksnijder
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter H Bisschop
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah E Siegelaar
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk Jan Stenvers
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andries Kalsbeek
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Qiu Z, Huang EYZ, Li Y, Xiao Y, Fu Y, Du J, Kan J. Beneficial effects of time-restricted fasting on cardiovascular disease risk factors: a meta-analysis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:210. [PMID: 38627656 PMCID: PMC11020908 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-03863-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease continues to be a leading cause of mortality worldwide, highlighting the need to explore innovative approaches to improve cardiovascular health outcomes. Time-restricted fasting (TRF) is a dietary intervention that involves limiting the time window for food consumption. It has gained attention for its potential benefits on metabolic health and weight management. This study aims to investigate the impact of TRF on key risk factors, including body weight, glucose metabolism, blood pressure, and lipid profile. METHODS We conducted a systematic search in five databases (Scopus, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science) for relevant studies up to January 2023. After applying inclusion criteria, 12 studies were eligible for analysis. Quality assessment was conducted using the ROB-2.0 tool and ROBINS-I. Risk of bias was mapped using Revman 5.3, and data analysis included Hartung-Knapp adjustment using R 4.2.2. RESULTS The group that underwent the TRF intervention exhibited a significant decrease in body weight (SMD: -0.22; 95%CI: -0.41, -0.04; P < 0.05) and fat mass (SMD: -0.19; 95%CI: -0.36, -0.02; P < 0.05), while maintaining lean mass (SMD: -0.09; 95%CI: -0.08, 0.26; P > 0.05). CONCLUSION TRF has shown potential as a treatment strategy for reducing total body weight by targeting adipose tissue, with potential improvements in cardiometabolic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqi Qiu
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida WaiLong, Taipa, 999078, Macau, China
| | | | - Yufei Li
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida WaiLong, Taipa, 999078, Macau, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida WaiLong, Taipa, 999078, Macau, China
| | - Yancheng Fu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Jun Du
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Juntao Kan
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai, China.
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Das M, Kumar D, Sauceda C, Oberg A, Ellies LG, Zeng L, Jih LJ, Newton IG, Webster NJG. Time-Restricted Feeding Attenuates Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Obese Male Mice. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1513. [PMID: 38672595 PMCID: PMC11048121 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has surpassed the hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus as the leading cause of chronic liver disease in most parts of the Western world. MASLD (formerly known as NAFLD) encompasses both simple steatosis and more aggressive metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), which is accompanied by inflammation, fibrosis, and cirrhosis, and ultimately can lead to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). There are currently very few approved therapies for MASH. Weight loss strategies such as caloric restriction can ameliorate the harmful metabolic effect of MASH and inhibit HCC; however, it is difficult to implement and maintain in daily life, especially in individuals diagnosed with HCC. In this study, we tested a time-restricted feeding (TRF) nutritional intervention in mouse models of MASH and HCC. We show that TRF abrogated metabolic dysregulation induced by a Western diet without any calorie restriction or weight loss. TRF improved insulin sensitivity and reduced hyperinsulinemia, liver steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. Importantly, TRF inhibited liver tumors in two mouse models of obesity-driven HCC. Our data suggest that TRF is likely to be effective in abrogating MASH and HCC and warrant further studies of time-restricted eating in humans with MASH who are at higher risk of developing HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasi Das
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; (M.D.)
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Deepak Kumar
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; (M.D.)
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Consuelo Sauceda
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; (M.D.)
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Alexis Oberg
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; (M.D.)
| | - Lesley G. Ellies
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Liping Zeng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Lily J. Jih
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Isabel G. Newton
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; (M.D.)
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Nicholas J. G. Webster
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; (M.D.)
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Kortas JA, Reczkowicz J, Juhas U, Ziemann E, Świątczak A, Prusik K, Olszewski S, Soltani N, Rodziewicz-Flis E, Flis D, Żychowska M, Gałęzowska G, Antosiewicz J. Iron status determined changes in health measures induced by nordic walking with time-restricted eating in older adults- a randomised trial. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:300. [PMID: 38553690 PMCID: PMC10979559 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04876-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS This study evaluated whether stored iron determines the adaptive response induced by Nordic walking (NW) training combined with 10 hours' time-restricted eating (TRE) in older adults. TRIAL DESIGN AND METHODS Twenty-four participants underwent 12-week NW training supported by 10 h of TRE. The group was divided due to baseline ferritin concentration low < 75 ng/ml (LF) and high level ≥ 75 ng/ml (HF). Body composition, physical fitness and blood collection were assessed at baseline and post-intervention. RESULTS NW + TRE induced a statistically significant decrease in ferritin levels in all participants (p = 0.01). Additionally, statistically significant intergroup differences in the LF vs. HF in the reduction of serum ferritin levels (p = 0.04) were observed. The procedure NW + TRE diminished HbA1c levels (p < 0.01) and glucose in all participants (p = 0.05). The range of HbA1c drop was more pronounced among those participants who experienced a greater decrease in the stored iron (p = 0.04, [Formula: see text]=0.17, F=4.59). Greater changes in body weight and percent of body fat were recorded in the HF group (for both p<0.01). CONCLUSION Body iron stores determine the effects of a 12-week NW + TRE intervention on serum ferritin. The changes in HbA1c are more pronounced in subjects with a higher decrease in serum ferritin. TRIAL REGISTRATION All experimental protocols were approved by the Bioethical Committee of the Regional Medical Society in Gdansk, Poland (NKBBN/330/2021) according to the Declaration of Helsinki. We confirm that all methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. The trial was registered as a clinical trial (NCT05229835, date of first registration: 14/01/2022, direct link: https://classic. CLINICALTRIALS gov/ct2/show/NCT05229835 ). Informed consent was obtained from all subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Antoni Kortas
- Department of Health and Natural Sciences, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Joanna Reczkowicz
- Department of Bioenergetics and Physiology of Exercise, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ulana Juhas
- Department of Bioenergetics and Physiology of Exercise, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ewa Ziemann
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871, Poznan, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Świątczak
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Prusik
- Faculty of Tourism and Recreation, Department of Health Promotion, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Szczepan Olszewski
- Department of Bioenergetics and Physiology of Exercise, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Nakisa Soltani
- Department of Bioenergetics and Physiology of Exercise, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ewa Rodziewicz-Flis
- Department of Physiotherapy, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Damian Flis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Żychowska
- Department of Sport, Faculty of Physical Education, Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, 85-064, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Grażyna Gałęzowska
- Department of Bioenergetics and Physiology of Exercise, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jędrzej Antosiewicz
- Department of Bioenergetics and Physiology of Exercise, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland.
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13
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Townley J, Northstone K, Hinton EC, Hamilton-Shield J, Searle A, Leary S. Daily Duration of Eating for Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2024; 16:993. [PMID: 38613026 PMCID: PMC11013214 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Time-limited eating is a dietary intervention whereby eating is limited to a specific window of time during the day. The usual eating windows of adults, and how these can be manipulated for dietary interventions, is well documented. However, there is a paucity of data on eating windows of young people, the manipulation of which may be a useful intervention for reducing obesity. This paper reviewed the existing literature on the eating windows of children and adolescents, aged 5-18 years, plus clock times of first and last intakes and variations by subgroup. Two databases (Medline and Embase) were searched for eligible papers published between February 2013 and February 2023, with forward searching of the citation network of included studies on Web of Science. Articles were screened, and data extracted, in duplicate by two independent reviewers. Ten studies were included, with both observational and experimental designs. Narrative synthesis showed large variations in eating windows with average values ranging from 9.7 h to 16.4 h. Meta-analysis, of five studies, showed a pooled mean daily eating window of 11.3 h (95% CI 11.0, 11.7). Large variations in eating windows exist across different study populations; however, the pooled data suggest that it may be possible to design time-limited eating interventions in paediatric populations aimed at reducing eating windows. Further high-quality research, investigating eating windows and subsequent associations with health outcomes, is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill Townley
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Kate Northstone
- Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK;
| | - Elanor C. Hinton
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Diet and Physical Activity Theme, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Education and Research Centre, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 3NU, UK; (E.C.H.); (J.H.-S.); (A.S.)
| | - Julian Hamilton-Shield
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Diet and Physical Activity Theme, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Education and Research Centre, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 3NU, UK; (E.C.H.); (J.H.-S.); (A.S.)
| | - Aidan Searle
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Diet and Physical Activity Theme, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Education and Research Centre, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 3NU, UK; (E.C.H.); (J.H.-S.); (A.S.)
| | - Sam Leary
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, 1 Trinity Walk, Bristol BS2 0PT, UK;
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14
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Rahkola J, Lehtimäki AV, Abdollahi AM, Merikanto I, Vepsäläinen H, Björkqvist J, Roos E, Erkkola M, Lehto R. Association of the timing of evening eating with BMI Z-score and waist-to-height ratio among preschool-aged children in Finland. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:911-920. [PMID: 37905570 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523002350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Later timing of eating has been associated with higher adiposity among adults and children in several studies, but not all. Moreover, studies in younger children are scarce. Hence, this study investigated the associations of the timing of evening eating with BMI Z-score and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and whether these associations were moderated by chronotype among 627 preschoolers (3-6-year-olds) from the cross-sectional DAGIS survey in Finland. Food intake was measured with 3-d food records, and sleep was measured with hip-worn actigraphy. Three variables were formed to describe the timing of evening eating: (1) clock time of the last eating occasion (EO); (2) time between the last EO and sleep onset; and (3) percentage of total daily energy intake (%TDEI) consumed 2 h before sleep onset or later. Chronotype was assessed as a sleep debt-corrected midpoint of sleep on the weekend (actigraphy data). The data were analysed with adjusted linear mixed effects models. After adjusting for several confounders, the last EO occurring closer to sleep onset (estimate = -0·006, 95 % CI (-0·010, -0·001)) and higher %TDEI consumed before sleep onset (estimate = 0·0004, 95 % CI (0·00003, 0·0007)) were associated with higher WHtR. No associations with BMI Z-score were found after adjustments. Clock time of the last EO was not significantly associated with the outcomes, and no interactions with chronotype emerged. The results highlight the importance of studying the timing of eating relative to sleep timing instead of only as clock time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna Rahkola
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Topeliuksenkatu 20, Helsinki, 00250, Finland
| | | | - Anna M Abdollahi
- University of Helsinki, Department of Food and Nutrition, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilona Merikanto
- University of Helsinki, Faculty of Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Public Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Orton Orthopedics Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Henna Vepsäläinen
- University of Helsinki, Department of Food and Nutrition, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Josefine Björkqvist
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Topeliuksenkatu 20, Helsinki, 00250, Finland
- University of Aberdeen, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Eva Roos
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Topeliuksenkatu 20, Helsinki, 00250, Finland
- Uppsala University, Department of Food Studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala, Sweden
- University of Helsinki, Department of Public Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maijaliisa Erkkola
- University of Helsinki, Department of Food and Nutrition, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Reetta Lehto
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Topeliuksenkatu 20, Helsinki, 00250, Finland
- University of Helsinki, Department of Food and Nutrition, Helsinki, Finland
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15
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Zhu X, Maier G, Panda S. Learning from circadian rhythm to transform cancer prevention, prognosis, and survivorship care. Trends Cancer 2024; 10:196-207. [PMID: 38001006 PMCID: PMC10939944 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Circadian timekeeping mechanisms and cell cycle regulation share thematic biological principles in responding to signals, repairing cellular damage, coordinating metabolism, and allocating cellular resources for optimal function. Recent studies show interactions between cell cycle regulators and circadian clock components, offering insights into potential cancer treatment approaches. Understanding circadian control of metabolism informs timing for therapies to reduce adverse effects and enhance treatment efficacy. Circadian adaptability to lifestyle factors, such as activity, sleep, and nutrition sheds light on their impact on cancer. Leveraging circadian regulatory mechanisms for cancer prevention and care is vital, as most risk stems from modifiable lifestyles. Monitoring circadian factors aids risk assessment and targeted interventions across the cancer care continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhu
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Geraldine Maier
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
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16
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Mentzelou M, Papadopoulou SK, Psara E, Voulgaridou G, Pavlidou E, Androutsos O, Giaginis C. Chrononutrition in the Prevention and Management of Metabolic Disorders: A Literature Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:722. [PMID: 38474850 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The concept of time-restricted eating (TRE) or time-restricted feeding (TRF) promotes daily periods of feeding and fasting to determine whole-body physiology. Chronic misalignment of circadian rhythms or chrono-disruption is related to an increased risk of diverse metabolic disorders. The progression of non-communicable diseases seems to be affected by the timing of meals. As a result, intermittent fasting is a promising approach for their management. The aim of the present literature review is to examine and scrutinize the TRE protocols in the fields of prevention and management of metabolic disorders. METHODS This is a thorough literature review of the reported associations among circadian rhythm, metabolic disorders, diabetes mellitus, obesity, TRE, TRF, dietary habits, circadian disruption, cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, and non-alcoholic fatty liver to find the already existing clinical studies from the last decade (2014-2024) in the most precise scientific online databases, using relevant specific keywords. Several inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to scrutinize only longitudinal, cross-sectional, descriptive, and prospective clinical human studies. RESULTS The currently available clinical findings remain scarce and suggest that chrononutrition behaviors such as TRE or TRF may promote several metabolic benefits, mainly in body weight control and fat loss. Improvements in glucose levels and lipid profiles are currently quite controversial since some clinical studies show little or no effect. As far as liver diseases are concerned, the efficacy of intermittent fasting seems to be stronger in the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease due to body weight decline and fat loss. CONCLUSIONS Even if there has been a gradual increase in clinical studies in the last few years, providing promising perspectives, currently, there is no conclusive evidence for the role of chrononutrition in metabolic disorders. Future studies should be well-designed with longer duration and larger sample sizes. Moreover, it is important to examine the best timing of the eating window and its feasibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mentzelou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Sousana K Papadopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evmorfia Psara
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Gavriela Voulgaridou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Pavlidou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Odysseas Androutsos
- Laboratory of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42132 Trikala, Greece
| | - Constantinos Giaginis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
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17
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Ozcan M, Abdellatif M, Javaheri A, Sedej S. Risks and Benefits of Intermittent Fasting for the Aging Cardiovascular System. Can J Cardiol 2024:S0828-282X(24)00092-8. [PMID: 38354947 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Population aging and the associated increase in cardiovascular disease rates pose serious threats to global public health. Different forms of fasting have become an increasingly attractive strategy to directly address aging and potentially limit or delay the onset of cardiovascular diseases. A growing number of experimental studies and clinical trials indicate that the amount and timing of food intake as well as the daily time window during which food is consumed, are crucial determinants of cardiovascular health. Indeed, intermittent fasting counteracts the molecular hallmarks of cardiovascular aging and promotes different aspects of cardiometabolic health, including blood pressure and glycemic control, as well as body weight reduction. In this report, we summarize current evidence from randomized clinical trials of intermittent fasting on body weight and composition as well as cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors. Moreover, we critically discuss the preventive and therapeutic potential of intermittent fasting, but also possible detrimental effects in the context of cardiovascular aging and related disease. We delve into the physiological mechanisms through which intermittent fasting might improve cardiovascular health, and raise important factors to consider in the design of clinical trials on the efficacy of intermittent fasting to reduce major adverse cardiovascular events among aged individuals at high risk of cardiovascular disease. We conclude that despite growing evidence and interest among the lay and scientific communities in the cardiovascular health-improving effects of intermittent fasting, further research efforts and appropriate caution are warranted before broadly implementing intermittent fasting regimens, especially in elderly persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mualla Ozcan
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Mahmoud Abdellatif
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ali Javaheri
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; John J. Cochran Veterans Affairs Medical Center, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Simon Sedej
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria; Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia.
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18
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Ezpeleta M, Cienfuegos S, Lin S, Pavlou V, Gabel K, Tussing-Humphreys L, Varady KA. Time-restricted eating: Watching the clock to treat obesity. Cell Metab 2024; 36:301-314. [PMID: 38176412 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Time-restricted eating (TRE) has become a popular strategy to treat obesity. TRE involves confining the eating window to 4-10 h per day and fasting for the remaining hours (14-20 h fast). During the eating window, individuals are not required to monitor food intake. The sudden rise in popularity of TRE is most likely due to its simplicity and the fact that it does not require individuals to count calories to lose weight. This feature of TRE may appeal to certain individuals with obesity, and this could help produce lasting metabolic health improvements. The purpose of this review is to summarize current evidence from randomized clinical trials of TRE (without calorie counting) on body weight and metabolic risk factors. The efficacy of TRE in various populations groups, including those with obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), is also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Ezpeleta
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sofia Cienfuegos
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shuhao Lin
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vasiliki Pavlou
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kelsey Gabel
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lisa Tussing-Humphreys
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Krista A Varady
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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19
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Chavanne A, Jacobi D. Precision medicine in endocrinology: Unraveling metabolic health through time-restricted eating. ANNALES D'ENDOCRINOLOGIE 2024; 85:63-69. [PMID: 38101564 DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2023.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
As a promising avenue in nutrition, intermittent fasting, particularly time-restricted eating like the 8/16 protocol, requires careful individualization. This approach involves voluntary food restriction interspersed with normal eating, aiming to align with inner circadian rhythms for potential benefits in metabolism and weight management. Endocrinologists, responding to patient interest and backed by evidence-based medicine, can now delve into the intricacies of time-restricted eating. They consider each patient's unique medical history and expectations, integrating this approach into tailored treatment plans in a personalized medicine approach. Ongoing research is essential to deepen our comprehension of how time-restricted eating influences metabolic health, enabling the development of precise recommendations suitable for diverse populations and various clinical conditions. While time-restricted eating is a relevant metabolic approach, endocrinologists should exercise caution to prevent the promotion of eating disorders due to its restrictive nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albane Chavanne
- CHU de Nantes, Nantes Université, CNRS, INSERM, l'Institut du thorax, Nantes, France
| | - David Jacobi
- Institut de recherche en santé de Nantes Université, 8, quai Moncousu, 44000 Nantes, France.
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20
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Hu H, Li F, Cheng S, Qu T, Shen F, Cheng J, Chen L, Zhao Z, Hu H. Alternate-day fasting ameliorated anxiety-like behavior in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 124:109526. [PMID: 37931668 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Alternate-day fasting (ADF) has been reported to reduce body weight, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress damage. However, it is not known whether ADF affects obesity-induced anxiety-like behavior. Here, male C57BL/6 mice were given an alternate fasting and high-fat diet (HFD) or standard chow diet (SD) every other day for 16 or 5 weeks. After the intervention, the degree of anxiety of the mice was evaluated by the open field test (OFT) and the elevated plus maze (EPM) test. Pathological changes in the hippocampus, the expression of Sirt1 and its downstream protein monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) in the hippocampus, and the expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were detected. Compared with HFD-fed mice, HFD-fed mice subjected to ADF for 16 weeks had a lower body weight but more brown adipose tissue (BAT), less anxiety behavior, and less pathological damage in the hippocampus, and lower expression of Sirt1 and MAO-A protein and higher 5-HT levels in the hippocampus could be observed. In addition, we noted that long-term ADF intervention could cause anxiety-like behavior in SD mice. Next, we changed the intervention time to 5 weeks. The results showed that short-term ADF intervention could reduce the body weight and increase the BAT mass of SD mice, but it did not affect anxiety. These results indicated that long-term ADF ameliorated obesity-induced anxiety-like behavior and hippocampal damage, but caused anxiety in normal-weight mice. Short-term ADF did not produce adverse emotional reactions in normal-weight mice. Here, we might provide new ideas for the treatment of obesity-induced anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of pharmacy, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fan Li
- Basic Medical Experiment Teaching Center, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shaoli Cheng
- Basic Medical Experiment Teaching Center, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tingting Qu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fanqi Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lina Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhenghang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Basic Medical Experiment Teaching Center, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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21
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Bermingham KM, May A, Asnicar F, Capdevila J, Leeming ER, Franks PW, Valdes AM, Wolf J, Hadjigeorgiou G, Delahanty LM, Segata N, Spector TD, Berry SE. Snack quality and snack timing are associated with cardiometabolic blood markers: the ZOE PREDICT study. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:121-133. [PMID: 37709944 PMCID: PMC10799113 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03241-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Snacking is a common diet behaviour which accounts for a large proportion of daily energy intake, making it a key determinant of diet quality. However, the relationship between snacking frequency, quality and timing with cardiometabolic health remains unclear. DESIGN Demography, diet, health (fasting and postprandial cardiometabolic blood and anthropometrics markers) and stool metagenomics data were assessed in the UK PREDICT 1 cohort (N = 1002) (NCT03479866). Snacks (foods or drinks consumed between main meals) were self-reported (weighed records) across 2-4 days. Average snacking frequency and quality [snack diet index (SDI)] were determined (N = 854 after exclusions). Associations between snacking frequency, quality and timing with cardiometabolic blood and anthropometric markers were assessed using regression models (adjusted for age, sex, BMI, education, physical activity level and main meal quality). RESULTS Participants were aged (mean, SD) 46.1 ± 11.9 years, had a mean BMI of 25.6 ± 4.88 kg/m2 and were predominantly female (73%). 95% of participants were snackers (≥ 1 snack/day; n = 813); mean daily snack intake was 2.28 snacks/day (24 ± 16% of daily calories; 203 ± 170 kcal); and 44% of participants were discordant for meal and snack quality. In snackers, overall snacking frequency and quantity of snack energy were not associated with cardiometabolic risk markers. However, lower snack quality (SDI range 1-11) was associated with higher blood markers, including elevated fasting triglycerides (TG (mmol/L) β; - 0.02, P = 0.02), postprandial TGs (6hiAUC (mmol/L.s); β; - 400, P = 0.01), fasting insulin (mIU/L) (β; - 0.15, P = 0.04), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR; β; - 0.04, P = 0.04) and hunger (scale 0-100) (β; - 0.52, P = 0.02) (P values non-significant after multiple testing adjustments). Late-evening snacking (≥ 9 pm; 31%) was associated with lower blood markers (HbA1c; 5.54 ± 0.42% vs 5.46 ± 0.28%, glucose 2hiAUC; 8212 ± 5559 vs 7321 ± 4928 mmol/L.s, P = 0.01 and TG 6hiAUC; 11,638 ± 8166 vs 9781 ± 6997 mmol/L.s, P = 0.01) compared to all other snacking times (HbA1c remained significant after multiple testing). CONCLUSION Snack quality and timing of consumption are simple diet features which may be targeted to improve diet quality, with potential health benefits. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY NUMBER AND WEBSITE NCT03479866, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03479866?term=NCT03479866&draw=2&rank=1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate M Bermingham
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- ZOE Ltd, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Emily R Leeming
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ana M Valdes
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Nottingham NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | | | | | - Linda M Delahanty
- Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicola Segata
- Department CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sarah E Berry
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
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22
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Lin X, Wang S, Huang J. The effects of time-restricted eating for patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review. Front Nutr 2024; 10:1307736. [PMID: 38239843 PMCID: PMC10794638 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1307736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a significant global health concern. Numerous investigations have explored the implications of time-restricted eating (TRE) in the management of NAFLD. Therefore, the objective of our study was to conduct a systematic review to summarize and analyze all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of TRE for patients with NAFLD. A thorough literature search was executed across Embase, Cochrane Library, and PubMed databases, covering all records from their inception until 1 September 2023. All clinical studies of TRE for NAFLD were summarized and analyzed. Our systematic review included four RCTs, encompassing a total of 443 NAFLD patients. These studies varied in sample size from 32 to 271 participants. The TRE intervention was consistently applied in an 8-h window, over durations ranging from 4 weeks to 12 months. The findings suggest that TRE could offer several health benefits for NAFLD patients, such as improved liver health indicators like liver stiffness and intrahepatic triglyceride (IHTG) levels. Consequently, TRE appears to be a promising dietary intervention for NAFLD patients. However, it is premature to recommend TRE for patients with NAFLD. The existing body of research on the effects of TRE in NAFLD contexts is limited, underscoring the need for further high-quality studies to expand our understanding of TRE's benefits in treating NAFLD. Ongoing clinical trials may provide more insights into the effects of TRE in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shuai Wang
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinyu Huang
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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23
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Bailey CP, Boyd P, Shams-White MM, Czajkowski SM, Nebeling L, Reedy J, O’Connor SG. Time-Restricted Eating in Community-Dwelling Adults: Correlates of Adherence and Discontinuation in a Cross-Sectional Online Survey Study. J Acad Nutr Diet 2023:S2212-2672(23)01760-4. [PMID: 38110176 PMCID: PMC11180216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Time-restricted eating (TRE), a type of intermittent fasting in which all daily calories are consumed within a window of ≤12 hours, is hypothesized to promote long-term weight management because of its relative simplicity. OBJECTIVE This study reports correlates of adherence among community-dwelling adults currently or formerly following a TRE dietary strategy. DESIGN A 25-minute cross-sectional online survey was developed, including questions about TRE perceptions, behaviors, motivators and drivers, and demographics. The survey was administered in February 2021 via Prolific, an online platform for sample recruitment and survey dissemination. PARTICIPANTS Eligibility criteria included US adult ages 18+ who currently or formerly (past 3 months) followed TRE (ie, consumed all daily calories within a window of ≤12 hours) for a minimum of 1 week. STATISTICAL ANALYSES χ2 tests and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA; adjusting for sex and age) compared responses between current and former followers. RESULTS Current followers (n = 296, mean [SD]: 34.2 ± 12.2y) were older than former followers (n = 295, mean [SD]: 31.1 ± 10.9 y) and practiced TRE for longer (median: 395 vs 90 days, P < 0.001). Current followers reported more success with meeting TRE goals (P ≤ 0.015), were less likely to report TRE concerns (P < 0.001), and more likely to report TRE satisfaction (P < 0.001). Four TRE motivators were more important among current (vs former) followers: weight maintenance, health (not weight), improved sleep, and preventing disease (P ≤ 0.017); weight loss was more important among former (vs current) followers (P = 0.003). Among adherence drivers, ability to work from home and the impact of COVID-19 were reported as more helpful for TRE adherence among current compared with former followers (P ≤ 0.028). CONCLUSIONS TRE motivators and drivers differed between current and former followers; interventions tailored to individuals' preferences and circumstances may benefit TRE adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin P. Bailey
- The George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, D.C., USA | Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control & Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Patrick Boyd
- Division of Cancer Control & Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Marissa M. Shams-White
- Division of Cancer Control & Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Susan M. Czajkowski
- Division of Cancer Control & Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Linda Nebeling
- Division of Cancer Control & Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jill Reedy
- Division of Cancer Control & Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Sydney G. O’Connor
- Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Kleckner AS, Kleckner IR, Renn CL, Rosenblatt PY, Ryan AS, Zhu S. Dietary Composition, Meal Timing, and Cancer-Related Fatigue: Insights From the Women's Healthy Eating and Living Study. Cancer Nurs 2023:00002820-990000000-00198. [PMID: 38032743 PMCID: PMC11136880 DOI: 10.1097/ncc.0000000000001305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-related fatigue is difficult to treat, and dietary interventions are promising yet underused. OBJECTIVE We explored associations between dietary patterns and fatigue, and the effect of a dietary intervention versus control on fatigue using Women's Healthy Eating and Living study data, plus mediators and moderators of the intervention effect. METHODS The Women's Healthy Eating and Living study was a randomized controlled trial among early-stage breast cancer survivors. The 4-year intervention encouraged fruits, vegetables, fiber, and 15% to 20% calories from fat. Fatigue outcomes included a 9-item energy scale and a single-item tiredness question. Dietary quality was estimated using a modified Healthy Eating Index (24-hour dietary recall) and serum carotenoid concentrations. Nutrient timing was obtained from 4-day food logs. RESULTS Among 2914 total participants, lower body mass index was associated with less tiredness and more energy at baseline (P < .001 for both). Earlier start and end times for daily eating windows were associated with less tiredness (P = .014 and P = .027, respectively) and greater energy (P = .006 and P = .102, respectively). The intervention did not lead to improvements in fatigue on average (P > .125). However, the intervention was more effective for participants who were younger, had fewer comorbidities, and did not have radiation treatment. Mediators included increases in serum carotenoids, increases in the modified Healthy Eating Index, and weight loss/maintenance. CONCLUSION Diet quality and earlier eating windows were associated with less fatigue. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Programs that encourage high diet quality and a morning meal and discourage nighttime eating should be tested for efficacy in reducing cancer-related fatigue in survivorship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber S Kleckner
- Author Affiliations: Department of Pain and Translational Symptom Science (Drs A. Kleckner, I. Kleckner, and Renn) and Department of Organizational Systems and Adult Health (Dr Zhu), University of Maryland School of Nursing; Department of Hematology and Oncology (Dr Rosenblatt) and Department of Medicine (Dr Ryan), University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center (Dr Ryan); and Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center (Drs A. Kleckner, I. Kleckner, Rosenblatt, and Ryan), Baltimore, Maryland
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25
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Damasceno de Lima R, Fudoli Lins Vieira R, Rosetto Muñoz V, Chaix A, Azevedo Macedo AP, Calheiros Antunes G, Felonato M, Rosseto Braga R, Castelo Branco Ramos Nakandakari S, Calais Gaspar R, Ramos da Silva AS, Esper Cintra D, Pereira de Moura L, Mekary RA, Rochete Ropelle E, Pauli JR. Time-restricted feeding combined with resistance exercise prevents obesity and improves lipid metabolism in the liver of mice fed a high-fat diet. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2023; 325:E513-E528. [PMID: 37755454 PMCID: PMC10864020 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00129.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a condition characterized by the accumulation of fat in the liver, is estimated to be the most common liver disease worldwide. Obesity is a major risk factor and contributor, and, accordingly, weight loss can improve NAFLD. Previous studies in preclinical models of diet-induced obesity and fatty liver disease have shown the independent benefits of resistance exercise training (RT) and time-restricted feeding (TRF) in preventing weight gain and hepatic build-up of fat. Here, we tested the combined effect of TRF and RT on obesity and NAFLD in mice fed a high-fat diet. Our results showed that both TRF-8-h food access in the active phase-and RT-consisting of three weekly sessions of ladder climbing-attenuated body weight gain, improved glycemic homeostasis, and decreased the accumulation of lipids in the liver. TRF combined with RT improved the respiratory exchange rate, energy expenditure, and mitochondrial respiration in the liver. Furthermore, gene expression analysis in the liver revealed lower mRNA expression of lipogenesis and inflammation genes along with increased mRNA of fatty acid oxidation genes in the TRF + RT group. Importantly, combined TRF + RT was shown to be more efficient in preventing obesity and metabolic disorders. In conclusion, TRF and RT exert complementary actions compared with isolated interventions, with significant effects on metabolic disorders and NAFLD in mice.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Whether time-restricted feeding (TRF) combined with resistance exercise training (RT) may be more efficient compared with these interventions alone is still unclear. We show that when combined with RT, TRF provided additional benefits, being more effective in increasing energy expenditure, preventing weight gain, and regulating glycemic homeostasis than each intervention alone. Thus, our results demonstrate that TRF and RT have complementary actions on some synergistic pathways that prevented obesity and hepatic liver accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robson Damasceno de Lima
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Renan Fudoli Lins Vieira
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Vitor Rosetto Muñoz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Amandine Chaix
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Ana Paula Azevedo Macedo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Calheiros Antunes
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Maíra Felonato
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Renata Rosseto Braga
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Calais Gaspar
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Adelino Sanchez Ramos da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, and Postgraduate Program in Physical Education and Sport, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Dennys Esper Cintra
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics (LabGeN), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Leandro Pereira de Moura
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Rania A Mekary
- Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences (MCPHS) University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Eduardo Rochete Ropelle
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - José Rodrigo Pauli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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26
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Minciuna I, Gallage S, Heikenwalder M, Zelber-Sagi S, Dufour JF. Intermittent fasting-the future treatment in NASH patients? Hepatology 2023; 78:1290-1305. [PMID: 37057877 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
NASH is one of the leading causes of chronic liver disease with the potential of evolving towards end-stage liver disease and HCC, even in the absence of cirrhosis. Apart from becoming an increasingly prevalent indication for liver transplantation in cirrhotic and HCC patients, its burden on the healthcare system is also exerted by the increased number of noncirrhotic NASH patients. Intermittent fasting has recently gained more interest in the scientific community as a possible treatment approach for different components of metabolic syndrome. Basic science and clinical studies have shown that apart from inducing body weight loss, improving cardiometabolic parameters, namely blood pressure, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels; insulin and glucose metabolism; intermittent fasting can reduce inflammatory markers, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, autophagy, and endothelial dysfunction, as well as modulate gut microbiota. This review aims to further explore the main NASH pathogenetic metabolic drivers on which intermittent fasting can act upon and improve the prognosis of the disease, and summarize the current clinical evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Minciuna
- Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Octavian Fodor, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Suchira Gallage
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- M3 Research Institute, Medical Faculty Tuebingen (MFT), Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Mathias Heikenwalder
- M3 Research Institute, Medical Faculty Tuebingen (MFT), Tuebingen, Germany
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shira Zelber-Sagi
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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27
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Zhang X, Tang B, Li J, Ouyang Q, Hu S, Hu J, Liu H, Li L, He H, Wang J. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals mechanisms of restriction feeding on lipid metabolism in ducks. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102963. [PMID: 37586191 PMCID: PMC10450974 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Presently, excessive fat deposition is the main reason to limit the development of duck industry. In the production, the methods of restricted feeding (RF) were widely used to reduce the lipid deposition of ducks. The liver (L), abdominal adipose (AA), and subcutaneous adipose (SA) were the main tissues of lipid metabolism and deposition of ducks. However, the mechanisms of lipid metabolism and deposition of ducks under RF have not been fully clarified. In this study, in order to better understand the mechanisms of lipid metabolism and deposition in ducks under RF, a total of 120 male Nonghua ducks were randomly divided into a free feeding group (FF, n = 60) and RF group (RF, n = 60), then comparative transcriptomic analysis of L, AA, and SA between FF (n = 3) and RF (n = 3) ducks was performed at 56 d of age. Phenotypically, L, AA, and SA index of FF group was higher than that in RF group. There were 279, 390, and 557 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in L, AA, and SA. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that ECM-receptor interaction and metabolic pathways were significantly enriched in L, AA, and SA. Lipid metabolism-related pathways including fatty acid metabolism, unsaturated fatty acid synthesis, and steroidogenesis were significantly enriched in AA and SA. Moreover, through integrated analysis weighted gene coexpression network (WGCNA) and protein-protein interaction network, 10 potential candidate genes involved in the ECM-receptor interaction and lipid metabolism pathways were identified, including 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2 (HMGCS2), aldolase B (ALDOB), formimidoyltransferase cyclodeaminase(FTCD), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (PCK1), tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT), stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), squalene epoxidase (SQLE), phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B), choline kinase A (CHKA), and elongation of very-long-chain fatty acids-like 2 (ELOVL2), which could play a key role in lipid metabolism and deposition of ducks under RF. Our study reveals that the liver might regulate the lipid metabolism of abdominal adipose and subcutaneous adipose through ECM-receptor interaction and metabolic pathways (fatty acid metabolism, unsaturated fatty acid synthesis, and steroid synthesis), thus to reduce the lipid deposition of ducks under RF. These results provide novel insights into the avian lipid metabolism and will help better understand the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Bincheng Tang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Jiangming Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Qingyuan Ouyang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Shenqiang Hu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Jiwei Hu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Hehe Liu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Liang Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Hua He
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Jiwen Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China.
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28
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Mulcahy MC, El Habbal N, Snyder D, Redd JR, Sun H, Gregg BE, Bridges D. Gestational Early-Time Restricted Feeding Results in Sex-Specific Glucose Intolerance in Adult Male Mice. J Obes 2023; 2023:6666613. [PMID: 37808966 PMCID: PMC10558268 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6666613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The timing of food intake is a novel dietary component that impacts health. Time-restricted feeding (TRF), a form of intermittent fasting, manipulates food timing. The timing of eating may be an important factor to consider during critical periods, such as pregnancy. Nutrition during pregnancy, too, can have a lasting impact on offspring health. The timing of food intake has not been thoroughly investigated in models of pregnancy, despite evidence that interest in the practice exists. Therefore, using a mouse model, we tested body composition and glycemic health of gestational early TRF (eTRF) in male and female offspring from weaning to adulthood on a chow diet and after a high-fat, high-sucrose (HFHS) diet challenge. Body composition was similar between groups in both sexes from weaning to adulthood, with minor increases in food intake in eTRF females and slightly improved glucose tolerance in males while on a chow diet. However, after 10 weeks of HFHS, male eTRF offspring developed glucose intolerance. Further studies should assess the susceptibility of males, and apparent resilience of females, to gestational eTRF and assess mechanisms underlying these changes in adult males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly C. Mulcahy
- University of Michigan School of Public Health, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Noura El Habbal
- University of Michigan School of Public Health, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Detrick Snyder
- University of Michigan School of Public Health, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - JeAnna R. Redd
- University of Michigan School of Public Health, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Haijing Sun
- Michigan Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Brigid E. Gregg
- University of Michigan School of Public Health, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Michigan Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Dave Bridges
- University of Michigan School of Public Health, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Phillips NE, Collet TH, Naef F. Uncovering personalized glucose responses and circadian rhythms from multiple wearable biosensors with Bayesian dynamical modeling. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2023; 3:100545. [PMID: 37671030 PMCID: PMC10475794 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2023.100545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Wearable biosensors and smartphone applications can measure physiological variables over multiple days in free-living conditions. We measure food and drink ingestion, glucose dynamics, physical activity, heart rate (HR), and heart rate variability (HRV) in 25 healthy participants over 14 days. We develop a Bayesian inference framework to learn personal parameters that quantify circadian rhythms and physiological responses to external stressors. Modeling the effects of ingestion events on glucose levels reveals that slower glucose decay kinetics elicit larger postprandial glucose spikes, and we uncover a circadian baseline rhythm for glucose with high amplitudes in some individuals. Physical activity and circadian rhythms explain as much as 40%-65% of the HR variance, whereas the variance explained for HRV is more heterogeneous across individuals. A more complex model incorporating activity, HR, and HRV explains up to 15% of additional glucose variability, highlighting the relevance of integrating multiple biosensors to better predict glucose dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas E. Phillips
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Nutrition Unit, Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tinh-Hai Collet
- Nutrition Unit, Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Diabetes Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Felix Naef
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Mihaylova MM, Chaix A, Delibegovic M, Ramsey JJ, Bass J, Melkani G, Singh R, Chen Z, Ja WW, Shirasu-Hiza M, Latimer MN, Mattison JA, Thalacker-Mercer AE, Dixit VD, Panda S, Lamming DW. When a calorie is not just a calorie: Diet quality and timing as mediators of metabolism and healthy aging. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1114-1131. [PMID: 37392742 PMCID: PMC10528391 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
An epidemic of obesity has affected large portions of the world, increasing the risk of developing many different age-associated diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. In contrast with the prevailing notion that "a calorie is just a calorie," there are clear differences, within and between individuals, in the metabolic response to different macronutrient sources. Recent findings challenge this oversimplification; calories from different macronutrient sources or consumed at different times of day have metabolic effects beyond their value as fuel. Here, we summarize discussions conducted at a recent NIH workshop that brought together experts in calorie restriction, macronutrient composition, and time-restricted feeding to discuss how dietary composition and feeding schedule impact whole-body metabolism, longevity, and healthspan. These discussions may provide insights into the long-sought molecular mechanisms engaged by calorie restriction to extend lifespan, lead to novel therapies, and potentially inform the development of a personalized food-as-medicine approach to healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Mihaylova
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wexner Medical Center, Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Amandine Chaix
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Mirela Delibegovic
- Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill Health Campus, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Jon J Ramsey
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Bass
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Girish Melkani
- Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Heersink School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Rajat Singh
- Department of Medicine, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - William W Ja
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Michele Shirasu-Hiza
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mary N Latimer
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Julie A Mattison
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anna E Thalacker-Mercer
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Vishwa Deep Dixit
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale Center for Research on Aging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Satchidananda Panda
- Regulatory Biology Lab, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dudley W Lamming
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
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Harishkumar R, Baranda‐Alonso EM, Martin WP, Docherty NG. Impact of time-restricted feeding on kidney injury in male rats with experimental metabolic syndrome. Exp Physiol 2023; 108:925-931. [PMID: 37074338 PMCID: PMC10988521 DOI: 10.1113/ep091145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Disruptions to circadian rhythm may be implicated in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome (Met-S). For example, eating during an extended period of the day may negatively impact the circadian rhythms governing metabolic control, contributing, therefore, to Met-S and associated end-organ damage. Accordingly, time-restricted eating (TRE)/feeding (TRF) is gaining popularity as a dietary intervention for the treatment and prevention of Met-S. To date, no studies have specifically examined the impact of TRE/TRF on the renal consequences of Met-S. The proposed study seeks to use a model of experimental Met-S-associated kidney disease to address this knowledge gap, disambiguating therein the effects of calorie restriction from the timing of food intake. Spontaneously hypertensive rats will consume a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks and then be allocated by stratified randomisation according to albuminuria to one of three groups. Rats will have free 24-h access to HFD (Group A), access to HFD during the scheduled hours of darkness (Group B) or access to HFD provided in the form of two rations, one provided during the light phase and one provided during the dark phase, equivalent overall in quantity to that consumed by rats in Group B (Group C). The primary outcome measure will be a change in albuminuria. Changes in food intake, body weight, blood pressure, glucose tolerance, fasting plasma insulin, urinary excretion of C-peptide and renal injury biomarkers, liver and kidney histopathology and inflammation, and fibrosis-related renal gene expression will be assessed as secondary outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendran Harishkumar
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, School of MedicineConway Institute, University College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Eva M. Baranda‐Alonso
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, School of MedicineConway Institute, University College DublinDublinIreland
- Institute Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL)Paseo de San VicenteSalamancaSpain
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyUniversity of SalamancaSalamancaSpain
| | - William P. Martin
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, School of MedicineConway Institute, University College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Neil G. Docherty
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, School of MedicineConway Institute, University College DublinDublinIreland
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Lin S, Cienfuegos S, Ezpeleta M, Gabel K, Pavlou V, Mulas A, Chakos K, McStay M, Wu J, Tussing-Humphreys L, Alexandria SJ, Sanchez J, Unterman T, Varady KA. Time-Restricted Eating Without Calorie Counting for Weight Loss in a Racially Diverse Population : A Randomized Controlled Trial. Ann Intern Med 2023; 176:885-895. [PMID: 37364268 DOI: 10.7326/m23-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Time-restricted eating (TRE), without calorie counting, has become a popular weight loss strategy, yet long-term randomized trials evaluating its efficacy are limited. OBJECTIVE To determine whether TRE is more effective for weight control and cardiometabolic risk reduction compared with calorie restriction (CR) or control. DESIGN 12-month randomized controlled trial. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04692532). SETTING University of Illinois Chicago from January 2021 to September 2022. PARTICIPANTS 90 adults with obesity. INTERVENTION 8-hour TRE (eating between noon and 8:00 p.m. only, without calorie counting), CR (25% energy restriction daily), or control (eating over a period of 10 or more hours per day). Participants were not blinded. MEASUREMENTS Change in body weight, metabolic markers, and energy intake by month 12. RESULTS Seventy-seven persons completed the study. Mean age was 40 years (SD, 11), 33% were Black, and 46% were Hispanic. Mean reduction in energy intake was -425 kcal/d (SD, 531) for TRE and -405 kcal/d (SD, 712) for CR. Compared with the control group, weight loss by month 12 was -4.61 kg (95% CI, -7.37 to -1.85 kg; P ≤ 0.01) (-4.87% [CI, -7.61% to -2.13%]) for the TRE group and -5.42 kg (CI, -9.13 to -1.71 kg; P ≤ 0.01) (-5.30% [CI, -9.06% to -1.54%]) for the CR group, with no statistically significant difference between TRE and CR (0.81 kg [CI, -3.07 to 4.69 kg; P = 0.68]) (0.43% [CI, -3.48% to 4.34%]). LIMITATION Not blinded, not powered to detect relatively large differences in weight loss, and lack of adjustment for multiple comparisons. CONCLUSION Time-restricted eating is more effective in producing weight loss when compared with control but not more effective than CR in a racially diverse population. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhao Lin
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.L., S.C., M.E., K.G., V.P., A.M., K.C., M.M., J.W., K.A.V.)
| | - Sofia Cienfuegos
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.L., S.C., M.E., K.G., V.P., A.M., K.C., M.M., J.W., K.A.V.)
| | - Mark Ezpeleta
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.L., S.C., M.E., K.G., V.P., A.M., K.C., M.M., J.W., K.A.V.)
| | - Kelsey Gabel
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.L., S.C., M.E., K.G., V.P., A.M., K.C., M.M., J.W., K.A.V.)
| | - Vasiliki Pavlou
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.L., S.C., M.E., K.G., V.P., A.M., K.C., M.M., J.W., K.A.V.)
| | - Andrea Mulas
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.L., S.C., M.E., K.G., V.P., A.M., K.C., M.M., J.W., K.A.V.)
| | - Kaitie Chakos
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.L., S.C., M.E., K.G., V.P., A.M., K.C., M.M., J.W., K.A.V.)
| | - Mara McStay
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.L., S.C., M.E., K.G., V.P., A.M., K.C., M.M., J.W., K.A.V.)
| | - Jackie Wu
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.L., S.C., M.E., K.G., V.P., A.M., K.C., M.M., J.W., K.A.V.)
| | - Lisa Tussing-Humphreys
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition and University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (L.T.)
| | - Shaina J Alexandria
- Department of Preventative Medicine (Biostatistics), Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois (S.J.A.)
| | - Julienne Sanchez
- College of Medicine (Endocrinology), University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (J.S.)
| | - Terry Unterman
- College of Medicine (Endocrinology), University of Illinois Chicago, and Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois (T.U.)
| | - Krista A Varady
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.L., S.C., M.E., K.G., V.P., A.M., K.C., M.M., J.W., K.A.V.)
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Xin H, Huang R, Zhou M, Chen J, Zhang J, Zhou T, Ji S, Liu X, Tian H, Lam SM, Bao X, Li L, Tong S, Deng F, Shui G, Zhang Z, Wong CCL, Li MD. Daytime-restricted feeding enhances running endurance without prior exercise in mice. Nat Metab 2023; 5:1236-1251. [PMID: 37365376 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00826-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Physical endurance and energy conservation are essential for survival in the wild. However, it remains unknown whether and how meal timing regulates physical endurance and muscle diurnal rhythms. Here, we show that day/sleep time-restricted feeding (DRF) enhances running endurance by 100% throughout the circadian cycle in both male and female mice, compared to either ad libitum feeding or night/wake time-restricted feeding. Ablation of the circadian clock in the whole body or the muscle abolished the exercise regulatory effect of DRF. Multi-omics analysis revealed that DRF robustly entrains diurnal rhythms of a mitochondrial oxidative metabolism-centric network, compared to night/wake time-restricted feeding. Remarkably, muscle-specific knockdown of the myocyte lipid droplet protein perilipin-5 completely mimics DRF in enhancing endurance, enhancing oxidative bioenergetics and outputting rhythmicity to circulating energy substrates, including acylcarnitine. Together, our work identifies a potent dietary regimen to enhance running endurance without prior exercise, as well as providing a multi-omics atlas of muscle circadian biology regulated by meal timing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Xin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Circadian Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rongfeng Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Circadian Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Meiyu Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Circadian Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianghui Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Circadian Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Cardiology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianxin Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Circadian Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shushen Ji
- Department of Bioinformatics, GFK Biotech, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Bioinformatics, GFK Biotech, Shanghai, China
| | - He Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sin Man Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- LipidALL Technologies, Changzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Bao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Circadian Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Circadian Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shifei Tong
- Department of Cardiology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fang Deng
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guanghou Shui
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Circadian Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Catherine C L Wong
- Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
- Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Min-Dian Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Circadian Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Tsameret S, Chapnik N, Froy O. Effect of early vs. late time-restricted high-fat feeding on circadian metabolism and weight loss in obese mice. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:180. [PMID: 37329359 PMCID: PMC11072437 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04834-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Time-restricted feeding (TRF) limits the time and duration of food availability without calorie reduction. Although a high-fat (HF) diet leads to disrupted circadian rhythms, TRF can prevent metabolic diseases, emphasizing the importance of the timing component. However, the question of when to implement the feeding window and its metabolic effect remains unclear, specifically in obese and metabolically impaired animals. Our aim was to study the effect of early vs. late TRF-HF on diet-induced obese mice in an 8:16 light-dark cycle. C57BL male mice were fed ad libitum a high-fat diet for 14 weeks after which they were given the same food during the early (E-TRF-HF) or late (L-TRF-HF) 8 h of the dark phase for 5 weeks. The control groups were fed ad libitum either a high-fat (AL-HF) or a low-fat diet (AL-LF). Respiratory exchange ratio (RER) was highest for the AL-LF group and the lowest for the AL-HF group. E-TRF-HF led to lower body weight and fat depots, lower glucose, C-peptide, insulin, cholesterol, leptin, TNFα, and ALT levels compared with L-TRF-HF- and AL-HF-fed mice. TRF-HF regardless whether it was early or late led to reduced inflammation and fat accumulation compared with AL-HF-fed mice. E-TRF-HF led to advanced liver circadian rhythms with higher amplitudes and daily expression levels of clock proteins. In addition, TRF-HF led to improved metabolic state in muscle and adipose tissue. In summary, E-TRF-HF leads to increased insulin sensitivity and fat oxidation and decreased body weight, fat profile and inflammation contrary to AL-HF-fed, but comparable to AL-LF-fed mice. These results emphasize the importance of timed feeding compared to ad libitum feeding, specifically to the early hours of the activity period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shani Tsameret
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nava Chapnik
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Oren Froy
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 76100, Rehovot, Israel.
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35
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Liu J, Yi P, Liu F. The Effect of Early Time-Restricted Eating vs Later Time-Restricted Eating on Weight Loss and Metabolic Health. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:1824-1834. [PMID: 36702768 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT It remains controversial whether the choice of the daily eating window early or later in time-restricted eating (TRE) intervention (early or later TRE) has different effects on weight loss and metabolic health. OBJECTIVE A network meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the efficacy between early and later TRE in adults with obesity or overweight. METHODS We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published until October 16, 2022. We conducted a network meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of early and later TRE on body weight and metabolic parameters, including glycemic metabolism, blood pressure, and lipid profiles. RESULTS Twelve RCTs with 730 obese or overweight adults were included in this meta-analysis. Early TRE and later TRE both elicited moderate reductions in body weight and insulin resistance (IR) (homeostasis model assessment of IR) when compared to non-TRE. Interestingly, early TRE showed more effectiveness than later TRE in improving IR (early vs later TRE: -0.44; 95% CI, -0.86 to -0.02; P < .05), whereas no statistically significant difference was detected in weight loss (early vs later TRE: -0.31 kg; 95% CI, -1.15 to 0.53 kg; P >.05). In addition, early TRE rather than later TRE showed significant benefits in glycemic metabolism and blood pressure when compared to non-TRE. No significant differences between early and later TRE were observed for fasting blood glucose, blood pressure, and lipid profiles. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggests that people may choose early TRE for more effective weight management and metabolic benefits. Nevertheless, further large-scale RCTs are warranted to verify our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanhong Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Pan Yi
- Department of Business Group Insurance & Reinsurance, PICC Property and Casualty Company Limited Guangdong Branch, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510600, China
| | - Feng Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
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36
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Bhasin S, Cawthon PM, Correa-de-Araujo R, Storer TW, Volpi E, Newman AB, Dioh W, Tourette C, Evans WJ, Fielding RA. Optimizing the Design of Clinical Trials to Evaluate the Efficacy of Function-Promoting Therapies. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2023; 78:86-93. [PMID: 37325959 PMCID: PMC10272979 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glad024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several candidate molecules that may have application in treating physical limitations associated with aging and chronic diseases are in development. Challenges in the framing of indications, eligibility criteria, and endpoints and the lack of regulatory guidance have hindered the development of function-promoting therapies. METHODS Experts from academia, pharmaceutical industry, National Institutes of Health (NIH), and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) discussed optimization of trial design including the framing of indications, eligibility criteria, and endpoints. RESULTS Mobility disability associated with aging and chronic diseases is an attractive indication because it is recognized by geriatricians as a common condition associated with adverse outcomes, and it can be ascertained reliably. Other conditions associated with functional limitation in older adults include hospitalization for acute illnesses, cancer cachexia, and fall injuries. Efforts are underway to harmonize definitions of sarcopenia and frailty. Eligibility criteria should reconcile the goals of selecting participants with the condition and ensuring generalizability and ease of recruitment. An accurate measure of muscle mass (eg, D3 creatine dilution) could be a good biomarker in early-phase trials. Performance-based and patient-reported measures of physical function are needed to demonstrate whether treatment improves how a person lives, functions, or feels. Multicomponent functional training that integrates training in balance, stability, strength, and functional tasks with cognitive and behavioral strategies may be needed to translate drug-induced muscle mass gains into functional improvements. CONCLUSIONS Collaborations among academic investigators, NIH, FDA, pharmaceutical industry, patients, and professional societies are needed to conduct well-designed trials of function-promoting pharmacological agents with and without multicomponent functional training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalender Bhasin
- Research Program in Men’s Health, Aging and Metabolism, Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peggy M Cawthon
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Rosaly Correa-de-Araujo
- Division of Geriatrics and Clinical Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Thomas W Storer
- Research Program in Men’s Health, Aging and Metabolism, Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elena Volpi
- Sealy Center on Aging; UTMB Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Anne B Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | - William J Evans
- Department of Nutritional Science and Toxicology, University of California at Berkely, Berkely, California, USA
| | - Roger A Fielding
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology, and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center in Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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37
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Shui K, Wang C, Zhang X, Ma S, Li Q, Ning W, Zhang W, Chen M, Peng D, Hu H, Fang Z, Guo A, Gao G, Ye M, Zhang L, Xue Y. Small-sample learning reveals propionylation in determining global protein homeostasis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2813. [PMID: 37198164 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38414-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteostasis is fundamental for maintaining organismal health. However, the mechanisms underlying its dynamic regulation and how its disruptions lead to diseases are largely unclear. Here, we conduct in-depth propionylomic profiling in Drosophila, and develop a small-sample learning framework to prioritize the propionylation at lysine 17 of H2B (H2BK17pr) to be functionally important. Mutating H2BK17 which eliminates propionylation leads to elevated total protein level in vivo. Further analyses reveal that H2BK17pr modulates the expression of 14.7-16.3% of genes in the proteostasis network, and determines global protein level by regulating the expression of genes involved in the ubiquitin-proteasome system. In addition, H2BK17pr exhibits daily oscillation, mediating the influences of feeding/fasting cycles to drive rhythmic expression of proteasomal genes. Our study not only reveals a role of lysine propionylation in regulating proteostasis, but also implements a generally applicable method which can be extended to other issues with little prior knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Shui
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Center for Artificial Intelligence Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Chenwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Center for Artificial Intelligence Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Xuedi Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, 201210, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanshan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Center for Artificial Intelligence Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Qinyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Center for Artificial Intelligence Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Wanshan Ning
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Center for Artificial Intelligence Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Weizhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Center for Artificial Intelligence Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Miaomiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Center for Artificial Intelligence Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Di Peng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Center for Artificial Intelligence Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Hui Hu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Center for Artificial Intelligence Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Zheng Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Anyuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Center for Artificial Intelligence Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Guanjun Gao
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, 201210, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingliang Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Luoying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Center for Artificial Intelligence Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China.
| | - Yu Xue
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Center for Artificial Intelligence Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.
- Nanjing University Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing, 210031, Jiangsu, China.
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Kalam F, James DL, Li YR, Coleman MF, Kiesel VA, Cespedes Feliciano EM, Hursting SD, Sears DD, Kleckner AS. Intermittent fasting interventions to leverage metabolic and circadian mechanisms for cancer treatment and supportive care outcomes. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2023; 2023:84-103. [PMID: 37139971 PMCID: PMC10157769 DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgad008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Intermittent fasting entails restricting food intake during specific times of day, days of the week, religious practice, or surrounding clinically important events. Herein, the metabolic and circadian rhythm mechanisms underlying the proposed benefits of intermittent fasting for the cancer population are described. We summarize epidemiological, preclinical, and clinical studies in cancer published between January 2020 and August 2022 and propose avenues for future research. An outstanding concern regarding the use of intermittent fasting among cancer patients is that fasting often results in caloric restriction, which can put patients already prone to malnutrition, cachexia, or sarcopenia at risk. Although clinical trials do not yet provide sufficient data to support the general use of intermittent fasting in clinical practice, this summary may be useful for patients, caregivers, and clinicians who are exploring intermittent fasting as part of their cancer journey for clinical outcomes and symptom management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Kalam
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University. Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dara L James
- College of Nursing, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Yun Rose Li
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
- Division of Quantitative Medicine & Systems Biology, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Michael F Coleman
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Violet A Kiesel
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Stephen D Hursting
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Dorothy D Sears
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Amber S Kleckner
- Department of Pain and Translational Symptom Science, University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Bijnens S, Depoortere I. Controlled light exposure and intermittent fasting as treatment strategies for metabolic syndrome and gut microbiome dysregulation in night shift workers. Physiol Behav 2023; 263:114103. [PMID: 36731762 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian circadian clocks are entrained by environmental time cues, such as the light-dark cycle and the feeding-fasting cycle. In modern society, circadian misalignment is increasingly more common under the guise of shift work. Shift workers, accounting for roughly 20% of the workforce population, are more susceptible to metabolic disease. Exposure to artificial light at night and eating at inappropriate times of the day uncouples the central and peripheral circadian clocks. This internal circadian desynchrony is believed to be one of the culprits leading to metabolic disease. In this review, we discuss how alterations in the rhythm of gut microbiota and their metabolites during chronodisruption send conflicting signals to the host, which may ultimately contribute to disturbed metabolic processes. We propose two behavioral interventions to improve health in shift workers. Firstly, by carefully timing the moments of exposure to blue light, and hence shifting the melatonin peak, to improve sleep quality of daytime sleeping episodes. Secondly, by timing the daily time window of caloric intake to the biological morning, to properly align the feeding-fasting cycle with the light-dark cycle and to reduce the risk of metabolic disease. These interventions can be a first step in reducing the worldwide burden of health problems associated with shift work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Bijnens
- Gut Peptide Research Lab, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Inge Depoortere
- Gut Peptide Research Lab, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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40
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Mawatari K, Koike N, Nohara K, Wirianto M, Uebanso T, Shimohata T, Shikishima Y, Miura H, Nii Y, Burish MJ, Yagita K, Takahashi A, Yoo SH, Chen Z. The Polymethoxyflavone Sudachitin Modulates the Circadian Clock and Improves Liver Physiology. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200270. [PMID: 36829302 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Polymethoxylated flavones (PMFs) are a group of natural compounds known to display a wide array of beneficial effects to promote physiological fitness. Recent studies reveal circadian clocks as an important cellular mechanism mediating preventive efficacy of the major PMF Nobiletin against metabolic disorders. Sudachitin is a PMF enriched in Citrus sudachi, and its functions and mechanism of action are poorly understood. METHODS AND RESULTS Using circadian reporter cells, it shows that Sudachitin modulates circadian amplitude and period of Bmal1 promoter-driven reporter rhythms, and real-time qPCR analysis shows that Sudachitin alters expression of core clock genes, notably Bmal1, at both transcript and protein levels. Mass-spec analysis reveals systemic exposure in vivo. In mice fed with high-fat diet with or without Sudachitin, it observes increased nighttime activity and daytime sleep, accompanied by significant metabolic improvements in a circadian time-dependent manner, including respiratory quotient, blood lipid and glucose profiles, and liver physiology. Focusing on liver, RNA-sequencing and metabolomic analyses reveal prevalent diurnal alteration in both gene expression and metabolite accumulation. CONCLUSION This study elucidates Sudachitin as a new clock-modulating PMF with beneficial effects to improve diurnal metabolic homeostasis and liver physiology, suggesting the circadian clock as a fundamental mechanism to safeguard physiological well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Mawatari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Preventive Environment and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Kuramoto-cho 3-18-15, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Nobuya Koike
- Department of Physiology and Systems Bioscience, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Kazunari Nohara
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Marvin Wirianto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Takashi Uebanso
- Department of Preventive Environment and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Kuramoto-cho 3-18-15, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Takaaki Shimohata
- Department of Preventive Environment and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Kuramoto-cho 3-18-15, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Shikishima
- Ikeda Yakusou Corporation, 1808-1 Shuzunakatsu, Ikeda-cho, Miyoshi-city, Tokushima, 778-0020, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Miura
- Ikeda Yakusou Corporation, 1808-1 Shuzunakatsu, Ikeda-cho, Miyoshi-city, Tokushima, 778-0020, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Nii
- Food and Biotechnology Division, Tokushima Prefectural Industrial Technology Center, 11-2 Nishibari, Saika-cho, Tokushima, 770-8021, Japan
| | - Mark J Burish
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kazuhiro Yagita
- Department of Physiology and Systems Bioscience, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Akira Takahashi
- Department of Preventive Environment and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Kuramoto-cho 3-18-15, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Seung-Hee Yoo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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41
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Peterson L, Lee H, Huybrechts I, Biessy C, Neuhouser ML, Haaland B, Krick B, Gunter M, Schulze MB, Jannasch F, Coletta AM, Hardikar S, Chaix A, Bauer CX, Xiao Q, Playdon MC. Reliability estimates for assessing meal timing derived from longitudinal repeated 24-hour dietary recalls. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 117:964-975. [PMID: 36921904 PMCID: PMC10206325 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulating meal timing may have efficacy for improving metabolic health for preventing or managing chronic disease. However, the reliability of measuring meal timing with commonly used dietary assessment tools needs characterization prior to investigating meal timing and health outcomes in epidemiologic studies. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the reliability of estimating meal timing parameters, including overnight fasting duration, the midpoint of overnight fasting time, the number of daily eating episodes, the period with the largest percentage of daily caloric intake, and late last eating episode (> 09:00 pm) from repeated 24-h dietary recalls (24HRs). METHODS Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), Light's Kappa estimates, and 95% CIs were calculated from repeated 24HR administered in 3 epidemiologic studies: The United States-based Interactive Diet and Activity Tracking in AARP (IDATA) study (n = 996, 6 24HR collected over 12-mo), German EPIC-Potsdam Validation Study (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Potsdam Germany cohort) (n = 134, 12 24HR collected over 12-mo) and EPIC-Potsdam BMBF-II Study (Federal Ministry of Education and Research, "Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung") (n = 725, 4 24HR collected over 36 mo). RESULTS Measurement reliability of overnight fasting duration based on a single 24HR was "poor" in all studies [ICC range: 0.27; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.32 - 0.46; 95% CI: 0.43, 0.50]. Reliability was "moderate" with 3 24HR (ICC range: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.47, 0.58 in IDATA, 0.62; 95% CI: 0.52, 0.69 in the EPIC-Potsdam Validation Study, and 0.72; 95% CI: 0.70-0.75 in the EPIC-Potsdam BMBF-II Study). Results were similar for the midpoint of overnight fasting time and the number of eating episodes. Reliability of measuring late eating was "fair" in IDATA (Light's Kappa: 0.30; 95% CI: 0.21, 0.39) and "slight" in the EPIC-Potsdam Validation study and the EPIC-Potsdam BMBF-II study (Light's Kappa: 0.19; 95% CI: 0.15, 0.25 and 0.09; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.12, respectively). Reliability estimates differed by sex, BMI, weekday, and season of 24HR administration in some studies. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that ≥ 3 24HR over a 1-3-y period are required for reliable estimates of meal timing variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lacie Peterson
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States; Department Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States; Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Hyejung Lee
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, WHO, Lyon, France
| | - Carine Biessy
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, WHO, Lyon, France
| | - Marian L Neuhouser
- Cancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Benjamin Haaland
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States; Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Benjamin Krick
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States; Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Marc Gunter
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, WHO, Lyon, France
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany; NutriAct - Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Franziska Jannasch
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany; NutriAct - Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Adriana M Coletta
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States; Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, United States; Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Sheetal Hardikar
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States; Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States; Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Amandine Chaix
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States; Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, United States; Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Cici X Bauer
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Qian Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Science, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mary C Playdon
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States; Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States; Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.
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Nishimura K, Tamari Y, Nose Y, Yamaguchi H, Onodera S, Nagasaki K. Effects of Irregular Mealtimes on Social and Eating Jet Lags among Japanese College Students. Nutrients 2023; 15:2128. [PMID: 37432254 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
College students' social and eating jet lags and chronotypes may be related to irregular eating habits. Therefore, we examined the relationship between social and eating jet lags, chronotypes, variability in first and last mealtimes, and non-eating duration, as well as the effects of snacking between dinner and bedtime on social and eating jet lags, chronotypes, and mealtime variation. A total of 1900 Japanese male college students were recruited in this study. Mean wake-up time, bedtime, sleeping time, first and last mealtimes, snacks between meals, non-eating duration, the midpoint of non-eating duration, social and eating jet lags, and chronotype were calculated. Standard deviations in first and last mealtimes, the midpoint of non-eating duration, and the coefficient of variation in non-eating duration were used to evaluate mealtime variations. Mealtime variations were significantly associated with social and eating jet lags, chronotype, the midpoint of non-eating duration, and the difference in first and last mealtime between school holidays and class days. Chronotype and the midpoint of non-eating duration were significantly delayed with increased snacking after dinner. Mealtime variations were significantly lower in those who avoided snacking than in those who did not. Thus, social and eating jet lags and chronotypes are associated with sleep habits and mealtime irregularities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Nishimura
- Department of Global Environment Studies, Hiroshima Institute of Technology, Hiroshima 731-5193, Japan
| | - Yutaro Tamari
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Hiroshima Institute of Technology, Hiroshima 731-5193, Japan
| | - Yuka Nose
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima 731-0153, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Yamaguchi
- Department of Sports Social Management, Kibi International University, Okayama 716-0018, Japan
| | - Sho Onodera
- Department of Health and Sports Science, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Okayama 701-0193, Japan
| | - Koji Nagasaki
- Department of Food Sciences and Biotechnology, Hiroshima Institute of Technology, Hiroshima 731-5193, Japan
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Malhan D, Yalçin M, Schoenrock B, Blottner D, Relógio A. Skeletal muscle gene expression dysregulation in long-term spaceflights and aging is clock-dependent. NPJ Microgravity 2023; 9:30. [PMID: 37012297 PMCID: PMC10070655 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-023-00273-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock regulates cellular and molecular processes in mammals across all tissues including skeletal muscle, one of the largest organs in the human body. Dysregulated circadian rhythms are characteristic of aging and crewed spaceflight, associated with, for example, musculoskeletal atrophy. Molecular insights into spaceflight-related alterations of circadian regulation in skeletal muscle are still missing. Here, we investigated potential functional consequences of clock disruptions on skeletal muscle using published omics datasets obtained from spaceflights and other clock-altering, external (fasting and exercise), or internal (aging) conditions on Earth. Our analysis identified alterations of the clock network and skeletal muscle-associated pathways, as a result of spaceflight duration in mice, which resembles aging-related gene expression changes observed in humans on Earth (e.g., ATF4 downregulation, associated with muscle atrophy). Furthermore, according to our results, external factors such as exercise or fasting lead to molecular changes in the core-clock network, which may compensate for the circadian disruption observed during spaceflights. Thus, maintaining circadian functioning is crucial to ameliorate unphysiological alterations and musculoskeletal atrophy reported among astronauts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deeksha Malhan
- Institute for Theoretical Biology (ITB), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumour Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany
- Institute for Systems Medicine and Faculty of Human Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, 20457, Germany
| | - Müge Yalçin
- Institute for Theoretical Biology (ITB), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumour Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany
- Institute for Systems Medicine and Faculty of Human Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, 20457, Germany
| | - Britt Schoenrock
- Institute of Integrative Neuroanatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - Dieter Blottner
- Institute of Integrative Neuroanatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany
- Neuromuscular System and Neuromuscular Signaling, Berlin Center of Space Medicine & Extreme Environments, Berlin, 10115, Germany
| | - Angela Relógio
- Institute for Theoretical Biology (ITB), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany.
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumour Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany.
- Institute for Systems Medicine and Faculty of Human Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, 20457, Germany.
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Shukla P, Melkani GC. Mitochondrial epigenetic modifications and nuclear-mitochondrial communication: A new dimension towards understanding and attenuating the pathogenesis in women with PCOS. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2023; 24:317-326. [PMID: 36705802 PMCID: PMC10150397 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09789-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) epigenetic modifications have recently gained attention in a plethora of complex diseases, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common cause of infertility in women of reproductive age. Herein we discussed mtDNA epigenetic modifications and their impact on nuclear-mitochondrial interactions in general and the latest advances indicating the role of mtDNA methylation in the pathophysiology of PCOS. We highlighted epigenetic changes in nuclear-related mitochondrial genes, including nuclear transcription factors that regulate mitochondrial function and may be involved in the development of PCOS or its related traits. Additionally, therapies targeting mitochondrial epigenetics, including time-restricted eating (TRE), which has been shown to have beneficial effects by improving mitochondrial function and may be mediated by epigenetic modifications, have also been discussed. As PCOS has become a major metabolic disorder and a risk factor for obesity, cardiometabolic disorders, and diabetes, lifestyle/behavior intervention using TRE that reinforces feeding-fasting rhythms without reducing caloric intake may be a promising therapeutic strategy for attenuating the pathogenesis. Furthermore, future perspectives in the area of mitochondrial epigenetics are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Shukla
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health (ICMR-NIRRCH), J.M. Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India.
| | - Girish C Melkani
- Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, United States
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45
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Psomas A, Chowdhury NR, Middleton B, Winsky-Sommerer R, Skene DJ, Gerkema MP, van der Veen DR. Co-expression of diurnal and ultradian rhythms in the plasma metabolome of common voles (Microtus arvalis). FASEB J 2023; 37:e22827. [PMID: 36856610 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201585r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic rhythms include rapid, ultradian (hourly) dynamics, but it remains unclear what their relationship to circadian metabolic rhythms is, and what role meal timing plays in coordinating these ultradian rhythms in metabolism. Here, we characterized widespread ultradian rhythms under ad libitum feeding conditions in the plasma metabolome of the vole, the gold standard animal model for behavioral ultradian rhythms, naturally expressing ~2-h foraging rhythms throughout the day and night. These ultradian metabolite rhythms co-expressed with diurnal 24-h rhythms in the same metabolites and did not align with food intake patterns. Specifically, under light-dark entrained conditions we showed twice daily entrainment of phase and period of ultradian behavioral rhythms associated with phase adjustment of the ultradian cycle around the light-dark and dark-light transitions. These ultradian activity patterns also drove an ultradian feeding pattern. We used a unique approach to map this behavioral activity/feeding status to high temporal resolution (every 90 min) measures of plasma metabolite profiles across the 24-h light-dark cycle. A total of 148 known metabolites were detected in vole plasma. Supervised, discriminant analysis did not group metabolite concentration by feeding status, instead, unsupervised clustering of metabolite time courses revealed clusters of metabolites that exhibited significant ultradian rhythms with periods different from the feeding cycle. Two clusters with dissimilar ultradian dynamics, one lipid-enriched (period = 3.4 h) and one amino acid-enriched (period = 4.1 h), both showed co-expression with diurnal cycles. A third cluster solely comprised of glycerophospholipids (specifically ether-linked phosphatidylcholines) expressed an 11.9 h ultradian rhythm without co-expressed diurnal rhythmicity. Our findings show coordinated co-expression of diurnal metabolic rhythms with rapid dynamics in feeding and metabolism. These findings reveal that ultradian rhythms are integral to biological timing of metabolic regulation, and will be important in interpreting the impact of circadian desynchrony and meal timing on metabolic rhythms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Psomas
- Chronobiology Section, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Namrata R Chowdhury
- Chronobiology Section, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Benita Middleton
- Chronobiology Section, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Raphaelle Winsky-Sommerer
- Department of Chronobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Debra J Skene
- Chronobiology Section, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Menno P Gerkema
- Sleep Section, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Daan R van der Veen
- Chronobiology Section, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
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46
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Kwak J, Jang KA, Kim HR, Kang MS, Lee KW, Shin D. Identifying the Associations of Nightly Fasting Duration and Meal Timing with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Using Data from the 2016–2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061385. [PMID: 36986116 PMCID: PMC10057513 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Nightly fasting duration and meal timing are associated with metabolic disorders. This study aimed to investigate the relationships of nightly fasting duration and meal timing with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using data from the 2016–2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey. A total of 22,685 adults ≥ 19 years were included in this study. Nightly fasting duration was calculated by subtracting the interval between the day’s first and last meal eating times from 24 h. The meal timing were analyzed using various parameters, including the times of the first and last eating episodes and the percentage of energy intake during the morning (05:00 to 9:00 a.m.), evening (06:00 to 09:00 p.m.), and night (after 09:00 p.m.). Men who fasted nightly for ≥ 12 h had lower odds of T2DM (odds ratio (OR): 0.86; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.75–0.99) than those who fasted for < 12 h. Individuals who had their last meal after 09:00 p.m. had higher odds of T2DM (OR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.03–1.38, men; OR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.01–1.40, women). Additionally, the percentage of energy intake during the evening was associated with increased odds of T2DM (OR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.08–1.84, men; OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.02–1.70, women). These findings emphasize the importance of nightly fasting duration and meal timing in modulating the risk of T2DM among Korean adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junkyung Kwak
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-A Jang
- Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeng-Ran Kim
- Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sook Kang
- Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Won Lee
- Department of Home Economics Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju 28173, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (K.W.L.); (D.S.); Tel.: +82-43-230-3746 (K.W.L.); +82-32-860-8123 (D.S.)
| | - Dayeon Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (K.W.L.); (D.S.); Tel.: +82-43-230-3746 (K.W.L.); +82-32-860-8123 (D.S.)
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47
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Tang D, Tang Q, Huang W, Zhang Y, Tian Y, Fu X. Fasting: From Physiology to Pathology. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2204487. [PMID: 36737846 PMCID: PMC10037992 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Overnutrition is a risk factor for various human diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic disorders, and cancers. Therefore, targeting overnutrition represents a simple but attractive strategy for the treatment of these increasing public health threats. Fasting as a dietary intervention for combating overnutrition has been extensively studied. Fasting has been practiced for millennia, but only recently have its roles in the molecular clock, gut microbiome, and tissue homeostasis and function emerged. Fasting can slow aging in most species and protect against various human diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic disorders, and cancers. These centuried and unfading adventures and explorations suggest that fasting has the potential to delay aging and help prevent and treat diseases while minimizing side effects caused by chronic dietary interventions. In this review, recent animal and human studies concerning the role and underlying mechanism of fasting in physiology and pathology are summarized, the therapeutic potential of fasting is highlighted, and the combination of pharmacological intervention and fasting is discussed as a new treatment regimen for human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Tang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of BiotherapyChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Qiuyan Tang
- Neurology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Clinical MedicineChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduSichuan610075China
| | - Wei Huang
- West China Centre of Excellence for PancreatitisInstitute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineWest China‐Liverpool Biomedical Research CentreWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Yan Tian
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of BiotherapyChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Xianghui Fu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of BiotherapyChengduSichuan610041China
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48
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Pan C, Herrero-Fernandez B, Borja Almarcha C, Gomez Bris R, Zorita V, Sáez A, Maas SL, Pérez-Olivares L, Herrero-Cervera A, Lemnitzer P, van Avondt K, Silvestre-Roig C, Gonzalez-Granado JM, Chevre R, Soehnlein O. Time-Restricted Feeding Enhances Early Atherosclerosis in Hypercholesterolemic Mice. Circulation 2023; 147:774-777. [PMID: 36848415 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.122.063184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Pan
- Institute of Experimental Pathology (ExPat), Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität (WWU), Münster, Germany (C.P., C.B.A., L.P.-O. A.H.-C., K.v.A., C.S.-R., R.C., O.S.).,Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany (C.P., C.B.A., S.L.M., L.P.-O., P.L., K.v.A., C.S.-R., R.C., O.S.)
| | - Beatriz Herrero-Fernandez
- LamImSys Lab, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital), Madrid, Spain (B.H.-F., R.G.B., A.S., J.M.G.-G.).,Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Spain (B.H.-F., R.G.B.)
| | - Celia Borja Almarcha
- Institute of Experimental Pathology (ExPat), Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität (WWU), Münster, Germany (C.P., C.B.A., L.P.-O. A.H.-C., K.v.A., C.S.-R., R.C., O.S.).,Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany (C.P., C.B.A., S.L.M., L.P.-O., P.L., K.v.A., C.S.-R., R.C., O.S.)
| | - Raquel Gomez Bris
- LamImSys Lab, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital), Madrid, Spain (B.H.-F., R.G.B., A.S., J.M.G.-G.).,Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Spain (B.H.-F., R.G.B.)
| | - Virginia Zorita
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (V.Z., J.M.G.-G.)
| | - Angela Sáez
- LamImSys Lab, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital), Madrid, Spain (B.H.-F., R.G.B., A.S., J.M.G.-G.).,Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria (UFV), Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain (A.S.)
| | - Sanne Lidewij Maas
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany (C.P., C.B.A., S.L.M., L.P.-O., P.L., K.v.A., C.S.-R., R.C., O.S.)
| | - Laura Pérez-Olivares
- Institute of Experimental Pathology (ExPat), Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität (WWU), Münster, Germany (C.P., C.B.A., L.P.-O. A.H.-C., K.v.A., C.S.-R., R.C., O.S.).,Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany (C.P., C.B.A., S.L.M., L.P.-O., P.L., K.v.A., C.S.-R., R.C., O.S.)
| | - Andrea Herrero-Cervera
- Institute of Experimental Pathology (ExPat), Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität (WWU), Münster, Germany (C.P., C.B.A., L.P.-O. A.H.-C., K.v.A., C.S.-R., R.C., O.S.)
| | - Patricia Lemnitzer
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany (C.P., C.B.A., S.L.M., L.P.-O., P.L., K.v.A., C.S.-R., R.C., O.S.)
| | - Kristof van Avondt
- Institute of Experimental Pathology (ExPat), Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität (WWU), Münster, Germany (C.P., C.B.A., L.P.-O. A.H.-C., K.v.A., C.S.-R., R.C., O.S.).,Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany (C.P., C.B.A., S.L.M., L.P.-O., P.L., K.v.A., C.S.-R., R.C., O.S.)
| | - Carlos Silvestre-Roig
- Institute of Experimental Pathology (ExPat), Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität (WWU), Münster, Germany (C.P., C.B.A., L.P.-O. A.H.-C., K.v.A., C.S.-R., R.C., O.S.).,Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany (C.P., C.B.A., S.L.M., L.P.-O., P.L., K.v.A., C.S.-R., R.C., O.S.)
| | - Jose Maria Gonzalez-Granado
- LamImSys Lab, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital), Madrid, Spain (B.H.-F., R.G.B., A.S., J.M.G.-G.).,Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (V.Z., J.M.G.-G.).,Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain (J.M.G.-G.).,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain (J.M.G.-G.)
| | - Raphael Chevre
- Institute of Experimental Pathology (ExPat), Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität (WWU), Münster, Germany (C.P., C.B.A., L.P.-O. A.H.-C., K.v.A., C.S.-R., R.C., O.S.).,Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany (C.P., C.B.A., S.L.M., L.P.-O., P.L., K.v.A., C.S.-R., R.C., O.S.)
| | - Oliver Soehnlein
- Institute of Experimental Pathology (ExPat), Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität (WWU), Münster, Germany (C.P., C.B.A., L.P.-O. A.H.-C., K.v.A., C.S.-R., R.C., O.S.).,Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany (C.P., C.B.A., S.L.M., L.P.-O., P.L., K.v.A., C.S.-R., R.C., O.S.).,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (FyFa), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (O.S.)
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49
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Papageorgiou M, Biver E, Mareschal J, Phillips NE, Hemmer A, Biolley E, Schwab N, Manoogian ENC, Gonzalez Rodriguez E, Aeberli D, Hans D, Pot C, Panda S, Rodondi N, Ferrari SL, Collet TH. The effects of time-restricted eating and weight loss on bone metabolism and health: a 6-month randomized controlled trial. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31 Suppl 1:85-95. [PMID: 36239695 PMCID: PMC10092311 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explored the impact of time-restricted eating (TRE) versus standard dietary advice (SDA) on bone health. METHODS Adults with ≥1 component of metabolic syndrome were randomized to TRE (ad libitum eating within 12 hours) or SDA (food pyramid brochure). Bone turnover markers and bone mineral content/density by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry were assessed at baseline and 6-month follow-up. Statistical analyses were performed in the total population and by weight loss response. RESULTS In the total population (n = 42, 76% women, median age 47 years [IQR: 31-52]), there were no between-group differences (TRE vs. SDA) in any bone parameter. Among weight loss responders (≥0.6 kg weight loss), the bone resorption marker β-carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen tended to decrease after TRE but increase after SDA (between-group differences p = 0.041), whereas changes in the bone formation marker procollagen type I N-propeptide did not differ between groups. Total body bone mineral content decreased after SDA (p = 0.028) but remained unchanged after TRE (p = 0.31) in weight loss responders (between-group differences p = 0.028). Among nonresponders (<0.6 kg weight loss), there were no between-group differences in bone outcomes. CONCLUSIONS TRE had no detrimental impact on bone health, whereas, when weight loss occurred, it was associated with some bone-sparing effects compared with SDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Papageorgiou
- Division of Bone Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Biver
- Division of Bone Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Julie Mareschal
- Nutrition Unit, Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas Edward Phillips
- Nutrition Unit, Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Hemmer
- Nutrition Unit, Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Emma Biolley
- Nutrition Unit, Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Schwab
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Primary Health Care, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Elena Gonzalez Rodriguez
- Interdisciplinary Center for Bone Diseases, Service of Rheumatology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Aeberli
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Didier Hans
- Interdisciplinary Center for Bone Diseases, Service of Rheumatology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Pot
- Division of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Nicolas Rodondi
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Primary Health Care, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Serge L Ferrari
- Division of Bone Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tinh-Hai Collet
- Nutrition Unit, Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Diabetes Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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50
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Parr EB, Kouw IWK, Wheeler MJ, Radford BE, Hall RC, Senden JM, Goessens JPB, van Loon LJC, Hawley JA. Eight-hour time-restricted eating does not lower daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates: A randomized control trial. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31 Suppl 1:116-126. [PMID: 36546330 PMCID: PMC10107304 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the impact of time-restricted eating (TRE) on integrated skeletal muscle myofibrillar protein synthesis (MyoPS) rates in males with overweight/obesity. METHODS A total of 18 healthy males (age 46 ± 5 years; BMI: 30 ± 2 kg/m2 ) completed this exploratory, parallel, randomized dietary intervention after a 3-day lead-in diet. Participants then consumed an isoenergetic diet (protein: ~1.0 g/kg body mass per day) following either TRE (10:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.) or an extended eating control (CON; 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m.) protocol for 10 days. Integrated MyoPS rates were measured using deuterated water administration with repeated saliva, blood, and muscle sampling. Secondary measures included continuous glucose monitoring and body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry). RESULTS There were no differences in daily integrated MyoPS rates (TRE: 1.28% ± 0.18% per day, CON: 1.26% ± 0.22% per day; p = 0.82) between groups. From continuous glucose monitoring, 24-hour total area under the curve was reduced following TRE (-578 ± 271 vs. CON: 12 ± 272 mmol/L × 24 hours; p = 0.001). Total body mass declined (TRE: -1.6 ± 0.9 and CON: -1.1 ± 0.7 kg; p < 0.001) with no differences between groups (p = 0.22). Lean mass loss was greater following TRE compared with CON (-1.0 ± 0.7 vs. -0.2 ± 0.5 kg, respectively; p = 0.01). CONCLUSION Consuming food within an 8-hour time-restricted period does not lower daily MyoPS rates when compared with an isoenergetic diet consumed over 12 hours. Future research should investigate whether these results translate to free-living TRE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn B Parr
- Exercise and Nutrition Research Program, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Imre W K Kouw
- Exercise and Nutrition Research Program, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael J Wheeler
- Exercise and Nutrition Research Program, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bridget E Radford
- Exercise and Nutrition Research Program, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rebecca C Hall
- Exercise and Nutrition Research Program, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joan M Senden
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joy P B Goessens
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Luc J C van Loon
- Exercise and Nutrition Research Program, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - John A Hawley
- Exercise and Nutrition Research Program, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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