1
|
Brown SD, Klimi E, Bakker WAM, Beqqali A, Baker AH. Non-coding RNAs to treat vascular smooth muscle cell dysfunction. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38773733 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cell (vSMC) dysfunction is a critical contributor to cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, restenosis and vein graft failure. Recent advances have unveiled a fascinating range of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that play a pivotal role in regulating vSMC function. This review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the mechanisms underlying vSMC dysfunction and the therapeutic potential of various ncRNAs in mitigating this dysfunction, either preventing or reversing it. We explore the intricate interplay of microRNAs, long-non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs, shedding light on their roles in regulating key signalling pathways associated with vSMC dysfunction. We also discuss the prospects and challenges associated with developing ncRNA-based therapies for this prevalent type of cardiovascular pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon D Brown
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Eftychia Klimi
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Abdelaziz Beqqali
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew H Baker
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
He YZG, Wang YX, Ma JS, Li RN, Wang J, Lian TY, Zhou YP, Yang HP, Sun K, Jing ZC. MicroRNAs and their regulators: Potential therapeutic targets in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Vascul Pharmacol 2023; 153:107216. [PMID: 37699495 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2023.107216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a complex and progressive disease characterized by pulmonary arterial remodeling. Despite that current combination therapy has shown improvement in morbidity and mortality, a better deciphering of the underlying pathological mechanisms and novel therapeutic targets is urgently needed to combat PAH. MicroRNA, the critical element in post-transcription mechanisms, mediates cellular functions mainly by tuning downstream target gene expression. Meanwhile, upstream regulators can regulate miRNAs in synthesis, transcription, and function. In vivo and in vitro studies have suggested that miRNAs and their regulators are involved in PAH. However, the miRNA-related regulatory mechanisms governing pulmonary vascular remodeling and right ventricular dysfunction remain elusive. Hence, this review summarized the controversial roles of miRNAs in PAH pathogenesis, focused on different miRNA-upstream regulators, including transcription factors, regulatory networks, and environmental stimuli, and finally proposed the prospects and challenges for the therapeutic application of miRNAs and their regulators in PAH treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Zhi-Ge He
- Center for bioinformatics, National Infrastructures for Translational Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Wang
- Laboratory Department of Qingzhou People's Hospital, Qingzhou 262500, Shandong, China
| | - Jing-Si Ma
- Department of School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475100, Henan, China
| | - Ruo-Nan Li
- Department of School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475100, Henan, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Tian-Yu Lian
- Medical Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe and Rare Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yu-Ping Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe and Rare Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Hao-Pu Yang
- Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Medical Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe and Rare Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Zhi-Cheng Jing
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe and Rare Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jing J, Chang M, Jiang S, Wang T, Sun Q, Yang J, Ma C, Li T. Clinical value of serum miR-1-3p as a potential circulating biomarker for abdominal aortic aneurysm. Ann Med 2023; 55:2260395. [PMID: 37751480 PMCID: PMC10524769 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2260395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is associated with life-threatening complications, there are still limited reliable biomarkers for diagnostic purpose. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been proposed as the potential diagnostic and risk stratification markers of AAA patients, and we aim to evaluate the serum level of miR-1-3p and its diagnostic value in AAA. METHODS This study included 200 AAA patients and 200 controls. Demographic data and clinical information were collected from the subjects' medical records. Individual image analyses of AAA morphology were determined based on computed tomography angiography (CTA). The levels of serum miRNA expression were detected by quantitative real-time PCR. Bioinformatics tools were used to identify the target genes of miR-1-3p and their potential biological functions were further enriched. RESULTS Serum miR-1-3p levels in the AAA group were significantly lower when compared with those in the control group in overall and subgroup comparisons. It was negatively related to WBC, CRP, maximal aneurysm diameter, area, and volume in AAA patients. Circulating miR-1-3p levels could significantly discriminate between AAA patients and healthy individuals with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.672 (95% CI = 0.619-0.724, p < 0.001), a sensitivity of 84.5% and a specificity of 45.5%. Serum miR-1-3p was associated with a reduced risk of AAA even after adjustment for possible risk factors (OR = 0.440 per unit increase, 95% CI = 0.301-0.643, p < 0.001). And low levels of serum miR-1-3p could significantly elevate the risk of AAA in both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses with ORs of 4.076 and 4.136, respectively (all p < 0.001). Further GO enrichment analysis revealed that miR-1-3p was mainly involved in negative regulation of apoptotic process, sprouting angiogenesis, angiogenesis, positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration, positive regulation of cell proliferation, regulation of cell shape, etc. CONCLUSIONS MiR-1-3p can be used as a promising circulating biomarker in the development of AAA, and it may participate in multiple biological processes to play a crucial role in AAA pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Jing
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Miao Chang
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuyi Jiang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tianlong Wang
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Bypass, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuyan Sun
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Imaging in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunyan Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Imaging in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Imaging in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gu Y, Becker MA, Müller L, Reuss K, Umlauf F, Tang T, Menger MD, Laschke MW. MicroRNAs in Tumor Endothelial Cells: Regulation, Function and Therapeutic Applications. Cells 2023; 12:1692. [PMID: 37443725 PMCID: PMC10340284 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor endothelial cells (TECs) are key stromal components of the tumor microenvironment, and are essential for tumor angiogenesis, growth and metastasis. Accumulating evidence has shown that small single-stranded non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) act as powerful endogenous regulators of TEC function and blood vessel formation. This systematic review provides an up-to-date overview of these endothelial miRNAs. Their expression is mainly regulated by hypoxia, pro-angiogenic factors, gap junctions and extracellular vesicles, as well as long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs. In preclinical studies, they have been shown to modulate diverse fundamental angiogenesis-related signaling pathways and proteins, including the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGF receptor (VEGFR) pathway; the rat sarcoma virus (Ras)/rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma (Raf)/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway; the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway; and the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/TGF-β receptor (TGFBR) pathway, as well as krüppel-like factors (KLFs), suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) and metalloproteinases (MMPs). Accordingly, endothelial miRNAs represent promising targets for future anti-angiogenic cancer therapy. To achieve this, it will be necessary to further unravel the regulatory and functional networks of endothelial miRNAs and to develop safe and efficient TEC-specific miRNA delivery technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gu
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Saar, Germany; (M.A.B.); (L.M.); (K.R.); (F.U.); (T.T.); (M.D.M.); (M.W.L.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
The SNP rs4591246 in pri-miR-1-3p is associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm risk by regulating cell phenotypic transformation via the miR-1-3p/TLR4 axis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:110016. [PMID: 36931173 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence reveals that single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) within miRNAs can affect the risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, the role of miRNA SNPs in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is unclear. This study aimed to determine the association between SNPs in pri-miR-1-3p and AAA risk, as well as its underlying molecular mechanism. SNP genotyping was performed in 335 AAA patients and 335 controls using the KASP method and tissue miR-1-3p expression was measured by qRT-PCR. The biological effects of significant SNP were validated using in vitro studies. We found that the rs4591246 variant genotype was correlated with increased AAA risk and tissue miR-1-3p expression was reduced in AAA patients as compared with control subjects. An in silico approach predicted that the rs4591246 polymorphism altered the secondary structure and stability of pri-miR-1-3p, and in vitro evidence suggested that the rs4591246 polymorphism affected mature miR-1-3p expression. And luciferase assays verified TLR4 as a direct target gene of miR-1-3p. Further functional experiments demonstrated that the rs4591246 variant genotype could promote Ang II-induced cell phenotypic switching by suppressing mature miR-1-3p expression and in turn upregulating TLR4 expression, but this effect was rescued in the presence of TLR4 siRNA. In conclusion, as a promising genetic biomarker for AAA susceptibility, the SNP rs4591246 may exert its effects on AAA risk by regulating cell phenotypic transformation via the miR-1-3p/TLR4 axis.
Collapse
|
6
|
Association of Genetic Polymorphisms and Serum Levels of miR-1-3p with Postoperative Mortality following Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12030946. [PMID: 36769594 PMCID: PMC9917931 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12030946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several miRNAs have been implicated in the clinical outcomes of cardiovascular disorders, but the role of miR-1-3p in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) prognosis remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the correlation of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in pri-miR-1-3p and mature miR-1-3p expression with postoperative mortality of AAA patients. METHODS A total of 230 AAA patients who received AAA repair were recruited and followed up for 5 years. SNP genotyping was carried out using KASP method and relative expression of serum miR-1-3p was measured with qRT-PCR. RESULTS Multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that both rs2155975 and rs4591246 variant genotypes were associated with increased all-cause mortality of postoperative AAA patients after adjusting possible confounders. Patients who died tended to have lower baseline miR-1-3p expression (overall and for age < 65 years, aneurysm-related death or cardiac death subgroup) when compared to alive patients; further Cox regression yielded an independent relationship of preoperative low serum miR-1-3p levels with incidents of all-cause death. Patients carrying rs2155975 AG + GG or rs4591246 AG + AA genotype had a higher ratio of low miR-1-3p levels in contrast to those with AA or GG genotype, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves suggested that the combined genotype in rs2155975 or rs4591246 and low miR-1-3p levels could decrease the overall survival of AAA patients during 5-year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS This pilot study demonstrated the importance of rs2155975 and rs4591246 polymorphisms and baseline serum miR-1-3p levels as promising markers to predict mortality among patients following AAA repair.
Collapse
|
7
|
Mechanism of Hypoxia-Mediated Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation Leading to Vascular Remodeling. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:3959845. [PMID: 36593773 PMCID: PMC9805398 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3959845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Vascular remodeling refers to changes in the size, contraction, distribution, and flow rate of blood vessels and even changes in vascular function. Vascular remodeling can cause cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. It can also lead to other systemic diseases, such as pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary atherosclerosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, stroke, and ascites of broilers. Hypoxia is one of the main causes of vascular remodeling. Prolonged hypoxia or intermittent hypoxia can lead to loss of lung ventilation, causing respiratory depression, irregular respiratory rhythms, and central respiratory failure. Animals that are unable to adapt to the highland environment are also prone to sustained constriction of the small pulmonary arteries, increased resistance to pulmonary circulation, and impaired blood circulation, leading to pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure if they live in a highland environment for long periods of time. However, limited studies have been found on the relationship between hypoxia and vascular remodeling. Therefore, this review will explore the relationship between hypoxia and vascular remodeling from the aspects of endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, abnormal calcium channel, disordered cellular metabolism, abnormal expression of miRNA, and other factors. This will help to understand the detailed mechanism of hypoxia-mediated smooth muscle cell proliferation and vascular remodeling for the better treatment and management of diseases due to vascular remodeling.
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen J, Lockett A, Zhao S, Huang LS, Wang Y, Wu W, Tang M, Haider S, Velez Rendon D, Khan R, Liu B, Felesena N, Sysol JR, Valdez-Jasso D, Tang H, Bai Y, Natarajan V, Machado RF. Sphingosine Kinase 1 Deficiency in Smooth Muscle Cells Protects against Hypoxia-Mediated Pulmonary Hypertension via YAP1 Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:14516. [PMID: 36498853 PMCID: PMC9736859 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) and the sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling pathway have been shown to play a role in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). S1P is an important stimulus for pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation and pulmonary vascular remodeling. We aimed to examine the specific roles of SPHK1 in PASMCs during pulmonary hypertension (PH) progression. We generated smooth muscle cell-specific, Sphk1-deficient (Sphk1f/f TaglnCre+) mice and isolated Sphk1-deficient PASMCs from SPHK1 knockout mice. We demonstrated that Sphk1f/f TaglnCre+ mice are protected from hypoxia or hypoxia/Sugen-mediated PH, and pulmonary vascular remodeling and that Sphk1-deficient PASMCs are less proliferative compared with ones isolated from wild-type (WT) siblings. S1P or hypoxia activated yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) signaling by enhancing its translocation to the nucleus, which was dependent on SPHK1 enzymatic activity. Further, verteporfin, a pharmacologic YAP1 inhibitor, attenuated the S1P-mediated proliferation of hPASMCs, hypoxia-mediated PH, and pulmonary vascular remodeling in mice and hypoxia/Sugen-mediated severe PH in rats. Smooth muscle cell-specific SPHK1 plays an essential role in PH via YAP1 signaling, and YAP1 inhibition may have therapeutic potential in treating PH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiwang Chen
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Angelia Lockett
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Occupational Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Shuangping Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Long Shuang Huang
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Yifan Wang
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Weiwen Wu
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Ming Tang
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Shahzaib Haider
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Daniela Velez Rendon
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Raheel Khan
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Nicholas Felesena
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Justin R. Sysol
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Daniela Valdez-Jasso
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Haiyang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Occupational Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Viswanathan Natarajan
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Roberto F. Machado
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Occupational Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Loers JU, Vermeirssen V. SUBATOMIC: a SUbgraph BAsed mulTi-OMIcs clustering framework to analyze integrated multi-edge networks. BMC Bioinformatics 2022; 23:363. [PMID: 36064320 PMCID: PMC9442970 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-022-04908-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Representing the complex interplay between different types of biomolecules across different omics layers in multi-omics networks bears great potential to gain a deep mechanistic understanding of gene regulation and disease. However, multi-omics networks easily grow into giant hairball structures that hamper biological interpretation. Module detection methods can decompose these networks into smaller interpretable modules. However, these methods are not adapted to deal with multi-omics data nor consider topological features. When deriving very large modules or ignoring the broader network context, interpretability remains limited. To address these issues, we developed a SUbgraph BAsed mulTi-OMIcs Clustering framework (SUBATOMIC), which infers small and interpretable modules with a specific topology while keeping track of connections to other modules and regulators. RESULTS SUBATOMIC groups specific molecular interactions in composite network subgraphs of two and three nodes and clusters them into topological modules. These are functionally annotated, visualized and overlaid with expression profiles to go from static to dynamic modules. To preserve the larger network context, SUBATOMIC investigates statistically the connections in between modules as well as between modules and regulators such as miRNAs and transcription factors. We applied SUBATOMIC to analyze a composite Homo sapiens network containing transcription factor-target gene, miRNA-target gene, protein-protein, homologous and co-functional interactions from different databases. We derived and annotated 5586 modules with diverse topological, functional and regulatory properties. We created novel functional hypotheses for unannotated genes. Furthermore, we integrated modules with condition specific expression data to study the influence of hypoxia in three cancer cell lines. We developed two prioritization strategies to identify the most relevant modules in specific biological contexts: one considering GO term enrichments and one calculating an activity score reflecting the degree of differential expression. Both strategies yielded modules specifically reacting to low oxygen levels. CONCLUSIONS We developed the SUBATOMIC framework that generates interpretable modules from integrated multi-omics networks and applied it to hypoxia in cancer. SUBATOMIC can infer and contextualize modules, explore condition or disease specific modules, identify regulators and functionally related modules, and derive novel gene functions for uncharacterized genes. The software is available at https://github.com/CBIGR/SUBATOMIC .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Uwe Loers
- Lab for Computational Biology, Integromics and Gene Regulation (CBIGR), Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Vanessa Vermeirssen
- Lab for Computational Biology, Integromics and Gene Regulation (CBIGR), Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium. .,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. .,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zang H, Zhang Q, Li X. Non-Coding RNA Networks in Pulmonary Hypertension. Front Genet 2021; 12:703860. [PMID: 34917122 PMCID: PMC8669616 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.703860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are involved in various cellular processes. There are several ncRNA classes, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs). The detailed roles of these molecules in pulmonary hypertension (PH) remain unclear. We systematically collected and reviewed reports describing the functions of ncRNAs (miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs) in PH through database retrieval and manual literature reading. The characteristics of identified articles, especially the experimental methods, were carefully reviewed. Furthermore, regulatory networks were constructed using ncRNAs and their interacting RNAs or genes. These data were extracted from studies on pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells, pulmonary artery endothelial cells, and pulmonary artery fibroblasts. We included 14 lncRNAs, 1 circRNA, 74 miRNAs, and 110 mRNAs in the constructed networks. Using these networks, herein, we describe the current knowledge on the role of ncRNAs in PH. Moreover, these networks actively provide an improved understanding of the roles of ncRNAs in PH. The results of this study are crucial for the clinical application of ncRNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Zang
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiongyu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ashraf AA, Gamal SM, Ashour H, Aboulhoda BE, Rashed LA, Harb IA, Abdelfattah GH, El-Seidi EA, Shawky HM. Investigating Helicobacter pylori-related pyloric hypomotility: functional, histological, and molecular alterations. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 321:G461-G476. [PMID: 34431405 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00364.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Multiple theories have been proposed describing the pathogenic mechanisms of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-associated gastric motility disorders. We assessed ex vivo pyloric activity in H. pylori-infected rats, and tried to explore the associated ghrelin hormone alteration and pyloric fibrogenesis. In addition, miR-1 was assessed in pyloric tissue samples, being recently accused of having a role in smooth muscle dysfunction. Ninety adult male Wistar albino rats were assigned into nine groups: 1) control group, 2) sterile broth (vehicle group), 3) amoxicillin control, 4) omeperazole control, 5) clarithromycin control, 6) triple therapy control, 7) H. pylori- group, 8) H. pylori-clarithromycin group, and 9) H. pylori-triple therapy group. Urease enzyme activity was applied as an indicator of H. pylori infection. Ex vivo pyloric contractility was evaluated. Serum ghrelin was assessed, and histological tissue evaluation was performed. Besides, pyloric muscle miR-1 expression was measured. The immunological epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers; transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and E-cadherin-3 were also evaluated. By H. pylori infection, a significant (P < 0.001) reduced pyloric contractility index was recorded. The miR-1 expression was decreased (P < 0.001) in the H. pylori-infected group, associated with reduced serum ghrelin, elevated TGFβ, and α-SMA levels and reduced E-cadherin levels. Decreased miR-1 and disturbed molecular pattern were improved by treatment. In conclusion, H. pylori infection was associated with reduced miR-1, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and pyloric hypomotility. The miR-1 may be a target for further studies to assess its possible involvement in H. pylori-associated pyloric dysfunction, which might help in the management of human H. pylori manifestations and complications.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This work is investigating functional, histopathological, and molecular changes underlying Helicobacter pylori hypomotility and is correlating these with miR-1, whose disturbance is supposed to be involved in smooth muscle dysfunction and cell proliferation according to literature. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition and reduced ghrelin hormone may contribute to H. pylori infection-associated hypomotility. H. pylori infection was associated with reduced pyloric miR-1 expression. Targeting miR-1 could be valuable in the clinical management of pyloric hypofunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aya Aly Ashraf
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sarah Mahmoud Gamal
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hend Ashour
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Basma Emad Aboulhoda
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Laila Ahmed Rashed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Inas Anas Harb
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Gaber Hassan Abdelfattah
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Eman Ahmed El-Seidi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Heba Mohamed Shawky
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Siques P, Pena E, Brito J, El Alam S. Oxidative Stress, Kinase Activation, and Inflammatory Pathways Involved in Effects on Smooth Muscle Cells During Pulmonary Artery Hypertension Under Hypobaric Hypoxia Exposure. Front Physiol 2021; 12:690341. [PMID: 34434114 PMCID: PMC8381601 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.690341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
High-altitude exposure results in hypobaric hypoxia, which affects organisms by activating several mechanisms at the physiological, cellular, and molecular levels and triggering the development of several pathologies. One such pathology is high-altitude pulmonary hypertension (HAPH), which is initiated through hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction to distribute blood to more adequately ventilated areas of the lungs. Importantly, all layers of the pulmonary artery (adventitia, smooth muscle, and endothelium) contribute to or are involved in the development of HAPH. However, the principal action sites of HAPH are pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), which interact with several extracellular and intracellular molecules and participate in mechanisms leading to proliferation, apoptosis, and fibrosis. This review summarizes the alterations in molecular pathways related to oxidative stress, inflammation, kinase activation, and other processes that occur in PASMCs during pulmonary hypertension under hypobaric hypoxia and proposes updates to pharmacological treatments to mitigate the pathological changes in PASMCs under such conditions. In general, PASMCs exposed to hypobaric hypoxia undergo oxidative stress mediated by Nox4, inflammation mediated by increases in interleukin-6 levels and inflammatory cell infiltration, and activation of the protein kinase ERK1/2, which lead to the proliferation of PASMCs and contribute to the development of hypobaric hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Siques
- Institute of Health Studies, Arturo Prat University, Iquique, Chile
| | - Eduardo Pena
- Institute of Health Studies, Arturo Prat University, Iquique, Chile
| | - Julio Brito
- Institute of Health Studies, Arturo Prat University, Iquique, Chile
| | - Samia El Alam
- Institute of Health Studies, Arturo Prat University, Iquique, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hu Z, Song Q, Ma H, Guo Y, Zhang T, Xie H, Luo X. TRIM32 inhibits the proliferation and migration of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells through the inactivation of PI3K/Akt pathway in pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2021; 53:309-320. [PMID: 33694017 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-021-09880-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive and fetal cardiovascular disease. Tripartite motif 32 (TRIM32) is a member of TRIM family that has been found to be involved in cardiovascular disease. However, the role of TRIM32 in PAH remains unclear. Here we investigated the effects of TRIM32 on hypoxia-induced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) in vitro. Our results showed that TRIM32 protein level in the plasma samples from PAH patients was decreased as compared with healthy volunteers. Exposure to hypoxia condition caused a significant decrease in TRIM32 expression in PASMCs. Overexpression of TRIM32 inhibited hypoxia-induced proliferation and migration of PASMCs. TRIM32 overexpression elevated the increased apoptotic rate and caspase-3 activity in hypoxia-induced PASMCs. Moreover, overexpression of TRIM32 reversed hypoxia-induced down-regulation of myocardin, SM 22 and calponin, as well as up-regulation of osteopontin (OPN). Whereas, TRIM32 knockdown shwed the opposite effect. Furthermore, overexpression of TRIM32 inhibited hypoxia-induced activation of PI3K/Akt with decreased phosphorylated level of PI3K and Akt. Additionally, activation of PI3K/Akt by IGF-1 treatment reversed the effects of TRIM32 on hypoxia-induced PASMCs. In conclusion, these findings indicated that TRIM32 was involved in the development of PAH through regulating the proliferation, migration, apoptosis and dedifferentiation of PASMCs, which might be mediated by the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Thus, TRIM32 might be a potential target for PAH treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
| | - Qiang Song
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Hui Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Yaozhang Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Hang Xie
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Xiaohui Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sepsis plasma-derived exosomal miR-1-3p induces endothelial cell dysfunction by targeting SERP1. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:347-365. [PMID: 33416075 PMCID: PMC7843403 DOI: 10.1042/cs20200573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is the leading cause of death in sepsis patients. Exosomes participate in the occurrence and development of ALI by regulating endothelial cell inflammatory response, oxidative stress and apoptosis, causing serious pulmonary vascular leakage and interstitial edema. The current study investigated the effect of exosomal miRNAs on endothelial cells during sepsis. We found a significant increase in miR-1-3p expression in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) rats exosomes sequencing and sepsis patients' exosomes, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro. However, the specific biological function of miR-1-3p in ALI remains unknown. Therefore, mimics or inhibitors of miR-1-3p were transfected to modulate its expression in HUVECs. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, contraction, permeability, and membrane injury were examined via cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry, phalloidin staining, Transwell assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, and Western blotting. The miR-1-3p target gene was predicted with miRNA-related databases and validated by luciferase reporter. Target gene expression was blocked by siRNA to explore the underlying mechanisms. The results illustrated increased miR-1-3p and decreased stress-associated endoplasmic reticulum protein 1 (SERP1) expression both in vivo and in vitro. SERP1 was a direct target gene of miR-1-3p. Up-regulated miR-1-3p inhibits cell proliferation, promotes apoptosis and cytoskeleton contraction, increases monolayer endothelial cell permeability and membrane injury by targeting SERP1, which leads to dysfunction of endothelial cells and weakens vascular barrier function involved in the development of ALI. MiR-1-3p and SERP1 may be promising therapeutic candidates for sepsis-induced lung injury.
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang W, Wang Q, Xing X, Yang L, Xu M, Cao C, Wang R, Li W, Niu X, Gao D. The antagonistic effects and mechanisms of microRNA-26a action in hypertensive vascular remodelling. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:1037-1054. [PMID: 33305374 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hypertensive vascular remodelling is responsible for end-organ damage and is the result of increased extracellular matrix accumulation and excessive vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation. MicroRNA-26a (miR-26a), a non-coding small RNA, is involved in several cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to validate the effect and mechanisms of miR-26a in hypertensive vascular remodelling. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were injected intravenously with recombinant adeno-associated virus-miR-26a. Samples of thoracic aorta were examined histologically with H&E staining. In vitro, angiotensin II (AngII)-induced VSMCs cultured from thoracic aortae of female Sprague-Dawley rats, were transfected with miR-26a mimic or inhibitor. Western blots, qRT-PCR and immunohistological methods were used, along with chromatin-immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays. Specific siRNAs were used to silence Smad production in VSMCs KEY RESULTS: Levels of miR-26a were lower in the thoracic aorta and plasma of SHRs than in WKY rats. Overexpression of miR-26a inhibited extracellular matrix deposition by targeting connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and decreased VSMC proliferation by regulating the enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2)/p21 pathway both in vitro and in vivo. AngII-mediated Smad3 activation suppressed miR-26a expression, which in turn promoted Smad3 activation via targeted regulation of Smad4, leading to further down-regulation of miR-26a. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our data show that AngII stimulated a Smads/miR-26a positive feedback loop, which further reduced expression of miR-26a, leading to collagen production and VSMC proliferation and consequently vascular remodelling. MiR-26a has an antagonistic effect on hypertensive vascular remodelling and can be a strategy for treating hypertensive vascular remodelling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Qiaozhu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Xin Xing
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Lijun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Chunhui Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Weicheng Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolin Niu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China.,Department of Cardiology, Meishan Branch of the Third Affiliated Hospital, Yanan University School of Medical, Meishan, P.R. China
| | - Dengfeng Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
An overview of Prof. Viswanathan Natarajan's journey in academia as a mentor, teacher, and lipid scientist for nearly 50 years is presented. As a graduate student, Dr. Natarajan interrogated biosynthesis and catabolism of phospholipids in the developing brain; however, in the last five decades, he has been investigating the role of sphingolipids and sphingolipid-metabolizing enzymes in pulmonary endothelial cells, epithelial cells, and fibroblasts under normal conditions and during various lung pathologies such as sepsis, asthma, pulmonary hypertension, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and lung cancer. His recent work on sphingosine-1-phosphate and lysophosphatidic acid metabolism in pre-clinical animal models has identified small molecule inhibitors in the signaling pathways that could have therapeutic potential in ameliorating pulmonary fibrosis, hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension, lung cancer, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Future research in bioactive lipids in combination with OMICS should unravel the importance of various lipid mediators as modulators of cell function under normal and pathological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viswanathan Natarajan
- Departments of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine and Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang D, Zhu ZL, Lin DC, Zheng SY, Chuang KH, Gui LX, Yao RH, Zhu WJ, Sham JSK, Lin MJ. Magnesium Supplementation Attenuates Pulmonary Hypertension via Regulation of Magnesium Transporters. Hypertension 2020; 77:617-631. [PMID: 33356397 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.14909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by profound vascular remodeling and altered Ca2+ homeostasis in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Magnesium ion (Mg2+), a natural Ca2+ antagonist and a cofactor for numerous enzymes, is crucial for regulating diverse cellular functions, but its roles in PH remains unclear. Here, we examined the roles of Mg2+ and its transporters in PH development. Chronic hypoxia and monocrotaline induced significant PH in adult male rats. It was associated with a reduction of [Mg2+]i in PASMCs, a significant increase in gene expressions of Cnnm2, Hip14, Hip14l, Magt1, Mmgt1, Mrs2, Nipa1, Nipa2, Slc41a1, Slc41a2 and Trpm7; upregulation of SLC41A1, SLC41A2, CNNM2, and TRPM7 proteins; and downregulation of SLC41A3 mRNA and protein. Mg2+ supplement attenuated pulmonary arterial pressure, right heart hypertrophy, and medial wall thickening of pulmonary arteries, and reversed the changes in the expression of Mg2+ transporters. Incubation of PASMCs with a high concentration of Mg2+ markedly inhibited PASMC proliferation and migration, and increased apoptosis, whereas a low level of Mg2+ produced the opposite effects. siRNA targeting Slc41a1/2, Cnnm2, and Trpm7 attenuated PASMC proliferation and migration, but promoted apoptosis; and Slc41a3 overexpression also caused similar effects. Moreover, siRNA targeting Slc41a1 or high [Mg2+] incubation inhibited hypoxia-induced upregulation and nuclear translocation of NFATc3 in PASMCs. The results, for the first time, provide the supportive evidence that Mg2+ transporters participate in the development of PH by modulating PASMC proliferation, migration, and apoptosis; and Mg2+ supplementation attenuates PH through regulation of Mg2+ transporters involving the NFATc3 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- From the Key Laboratory of Fujian Province Universities on Ion Channel and Signal Transduction in Cardiovascular Diseases, (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., S.-Y.Z., K.-H.C., L.-X.G., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., K.-H.C., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuang-Li Zhu
- From the Key Laboratory of Fujian Province Universities on Ion Channel and Signal Transduction in Cardiovascular Diseases, (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., S.-Y.Z., K.-H.C., L.-X.G., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., K.-H.C., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Cen Lin
- From the Key Laboratory of Fujian Province Universities on Ion Channel and Signal Transduction in Cardiovascular Diseases, (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., S.-Y.Z., K.-H.C., L.-X.G., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., K.-H.C., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Yi Zheng
- From the Key Laboratory of Fujian Province Universities on Ion Channel and Signal Transduction in Cardiovascular Diseases, (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., S.-Y.Z., K.-H.C., L.-X.G., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun-Han Chuang
- From the Key Laboratory of Fujian Province Universities on Ion Channel and Signal Transduction in Cardiovascular Diseases, (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., S.-Y.Z., K.-H.C., L.-X.G., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Long-Xin Gui
- From the Key Laboratory of Fujian Province Universities on Ion Channel and Signal Transduction in Cardiovascular Diseases, (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., S.-Y.Z., K.-H.C., L.-X.G., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ru-Hui Yao
- From the Key Laboratory of Fujian Province Universities on Ion Channel and Signal Transduction in Cardiovascular Diseases, (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., S.-Y.Z., K.-H.C., L.-X.G., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., K.-H.C., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Jie Zhu
- From the Key Laboratory of Fujian Province Universities on Ion Channel and Signal Transduction in Cardiovascular Diseases, (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., S.-Y.Z., K.-H.C., L.-X.G., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., K.-H.C., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - James S K Sham
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.S.K.S.)
| | - Mo-Jun Lin
- From the Key Laboratory of Fujian Province Universities on Ion Channel and Signal Transduction in Cardiovascular Diseases, (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., S.-Y.Z., K.-H.C., L.-X.G., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (D.W., Z.-L.Z., D.-C.L., K.-H.C., R.-H.Y., W.-J.Z., M.-J.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Santos-Ferreira CA, Abreu MT, Marques CI, Gonçalves LM, Baptista R, Girão HM. Micro-RNA Analysis in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Current Knowledge and Challenges. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 5:1149-1162. [PMID: 33294743 PMCID: PMC7691282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2020.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The role of miRNAs in PAH is fast expanding, and it is increasingly difficult to identify which molecules have the highest translational potential. This review discusses the challenges in miRNA analysis and interpretation in PAH and highlights 4 promising miRNAs in this field. Additional pre-clinical studies and clinical trials are urgently needed to bring miRNAs from the bench to the bedside soon.
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare, chronic disease of the pulmonary vasculature that is associated with poor outcomes. Its pathogenesis is multifactorial and includes micro-RNA (miRNA) deregulation. The understanding of the role of miRNAs in PAH is expanding quickly, and it is increasingly difficult to identify which miRNAs have the highest translational potential. This review summarizes the current knowledge of miRNA expression in PAH, discusses the challenges in miRNA analysis and interpretation, and highlights 4 promising miRNAs in this field (miR-29, miR-124, miR-140, and miR-204).
Collapse
Key Words
- BMPR2, bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2
- EPC, endothelial progenitor cell
- HIF, hypoxia-inducible factor
- HPAH, hereditary pulmonary arterial hypertension
- MCT, monocrotaline
- PAAF, pulmonary arterial adventitial fibroblast
- PAEC, pulmonary artery endothelial cell
- PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension
- PASMC, pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells
- PH, pulmonary hypertension
- RV, right ventricle
- SU/Hx/Nx, association of Sugen 5416 with chronic hypoxia followed by normoxia
- WHO, World Health Organization
- animal model
- lncRNA, long noncoding RNA
- mRNA, messenger RNA
- miRNA, micro-RNA
- micro-RNA
- microarray
- ncRNAs, noncoding RNAs
- pulmonary arterial hypertension
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cátia A Santos-Ferreira
- Cardiology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mónica T Abreu
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal.,University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carla I Marques
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal.,University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lino M Gonçalves
- Cardiology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal.,University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui Baptista
- Cardiology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal.,University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Cardiology Department, Centro Hospitalar Entre Douro e Vouga, Santa Maria de Feira, Portugal
| | - Henrique M Girão
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal.,University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Transcriptional Regulation of Sphingosine Kinase 1. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112437. [PMID: 33171624 PMCID: PMC7695205 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Once thought to be primarily structural in nature, sphingolipids have become increasingly appreciated as second messengers in a wide array of signaling pathways. Sphingosine kinase 1, or SK1, is one of two sphingosine kinases that phosphorylate sphingosine into sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). S1P is generally pro-inflammatory, pro-angiogenic, immunomodulatory, and pro-survival; therefore, high SK1 expression and activity have been associated with certain inflammatory diseases and cancer. It is thus important to develop an understanding of the regulation of SK1 expression and activity. In this review, we explore the current literature on SK1 transcriptional regulation, illustrating a complex system of transcription factors, cytokines, and even micro-RNAs (miRNAs) on the post transcriptional level.
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang J, Hu L, Huang H, Yu Y, Wang J, Yu Y, Li K, Li Y, Tian T, Chen F. CAR (CARSKNKDC) Peptide Modified ReNcell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as a Novel Therapeutic Agent for Targeted Pulmonary Hypertension Therapy. Hypertension 2020; 76:1147-1160. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.15554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)–derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as a potential therapeutic agent for pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, the full realization of MSCs-derived EVs therapy has been hampered by the absence of standardization in MSCs culture and the challenges of industrial scale-up. The study was to exploit an alternative replacement for MSCs using currently commercialized stem cell lines for effective targeted PH therapy. ReNcell VM—a human neural stem cell line—has been utilized here as a reliable and easily adoptable source of EVs. We first demonstrated that ReNcell-derived EVs (ReNcell-EVs) pretreatment effectively prevented Su/Hx (SU5416/hypoxia)-induced PH in mice. Then for targeted therapy, we conjugated ReNcell-EVs with CAR (CARSKNKDC) peptide (CAR-EVs)—a peptide identified to specifically target hypertensive pulmonary arteries, by bio-orthogonal chemistry. Intravenous administration of CAR-EVs selectively targeted hypertensive pulmonary artery lesions especially pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. Moreover, compared with unmodified ReNcell-EVs, CAR-EVs treatment significantly improved therapeutic effect in reversing Su/Hx-induced PH in mice. Mechanistically, ReNcell-EVs inhibited hypoxia-induced proliferation, migration, and phenotype switch of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, at least in part, via the delivery of its endogenous highly expressed miRNAs, let-7b-5p, miR-92b-3p, and miR-100-5p. In addition, we also found that ReNcell-EVs inhibited hypoxia-induced cell apoptosis and endothelial-mesenchymal transition in human microvascular endothelial cells. Taken together, our results provide an alternative to MSCs-derived EVs–based PH therapy via using ReNcell as a reliable source of EVs. Particularly, our CAR-conjugated EVs may serve as a novel drug carrier that enhances the specificity and efficiency of drug delivery for effective PH-targeted therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- From the Department of Forensic Medicine (Jie Wang, L.H., H.H., Yanfang Yu, Youjia Yu, K.L., Y.L., F.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Hu
- From the Department of Forensic Medicine (Jie Wang, L.H., H.H., Yanfang Yu, Youjia Yu, K.L., Y.L., F.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huijie Huang
- From the Department of Forensic Medicine (Jie Wang, L.H., H.H., Yanfang Yu, Youjia Yu, K.L., Y.L., F.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanfang Yu
- From the Department of Forensic Medicine (Jie Wang, L.H., H.H., Yanfang Yu, Youjia Yu, K.L., Y.L., F.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingshen Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu (Jingshen Wang, T.T.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Youjia Yu
- From the Department of Forensic Medicine (Jie Wang, L.H., H.H., Yanfang Yu, Youjia Yu, K.L., Y.L., F.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Li
- From the Department of Forensic Medicine (Jie Wang, L.H., H.H., Yanfang Yu, Youjia Yu, K.L., Y.L., F.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Li
- From the Department of Forensic Medicine (Jie Wang, L.H., H.H., Yanfang Yu, Youjia Yu, K.L., Y.L., F.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu (Jingshen Wang, T.T.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Chen
- From the Department of Forensic Medicine (Jie Wang, L.H., H.H., Yanfang Yu, Youjia Yu, K.L., Y.L., F.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine (F.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
The Role and Regulation of Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells in Pulmonary Hypertension. Int J Hypertens 2020; 2020:1478291. [PMID: 32850144 PMCID: PMC7441461 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1478291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is one of the most devastating cardiovascular diseases worldwide and it draws much attention from numerous scientists. As an indispensable part of pulmonary artery, smooth muscle cells are worthy of being carefully investigated. To elucidate the pathogenesis of PH, several theories focusing on pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC), such as hyperproliferation, resistance to apoptosis, and cancer theory, have been proposed and widely studied. Here, we tried to summarize the studies, concentrating on the role of PASMC in the development of PH, feasible molecular basis to intervene, and potential treatment to PH.
Collapse
|
22
|
Babicheva A, Ayon RJ, Zhao T, Ek Vitorin JF, Pohl NM, Yamamura A, Yamamura H, Quinton BA, Ba M, Wu L, Ravellette KS, Rahimi S, Balistrieri F, Harrington A, Vanderpool RR, Thistlethwaite PA, Makino A, Yuan JXJ. MicroRNA-mediated downregulation of K + channels in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 318:L10-L26. [PMID: 31553627 PMCID: PMC6985878 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00010.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Downregulated expression of K+ channels and decreased K+ currents in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC) have been implicated in the development of sustained pulmonary vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH). However, it is unclear exactly how K+ channels are downregulated in IPAH-PASMC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that are capable of posttranscriptionally regulating gene expression by binding to the 3'-untranslated regions of their targeted mRNAs. Here, we report that specific miRNAs are responsible for the decreased K+ channel expression and function in IPAH-PASMC. We identified 3 miRNAs (miR-29b, miR-138, and miR-222) that were highly expressed in IPAH-PASMC in comparison to normal PASMC (>2.5-fold difference). Selectively upregulated miRNAs are correlated with the decreased expression and attenuated activity of K+ channels. Overexpression of miR-29b, miR-138, or miR-222 in normal PASMC significantly decreased whole cell K+ currents and downregulated voltage-gated K+ channel 1.5 (KV1.5/KCNA5) in normal PASMC. Inhibition of miR-29b in IPAH-PASMC completely recovered K+ channel function and KV1.5 expression, while miR-138 and miR-222 had a partial or no effect. Luciferase assays further revealed that KV1.5 is a direct target of miR-29b. Additionally, overexpression of miR-29b in normal PASMC decreased large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BKCa) channel currents and downregulated BKCa channel β1 subunit (BKCaβ1 or KCNMB1) expression, while inhibition of miR-29b in IPAH-PASMC increased BKCa channel activity and BKCaβ1 levels. These data indicate upregulated miR-29b contributes at least partially to the attenuated function and expression of KV and BKCa channels in PASMC from patients with IPAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Babicheva
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ramon J Ayon
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Tengteng Zhao
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Jose F Ek Vitorin
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Nicole M Pohl
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Aya Yamamura
- Kinjo Gakuin University School of Pharmacy, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hisao Yamamura
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Brooke A Quinton
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Manqing Ba
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Linda Wu
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Keeley S Ravellette
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Shamin Rahimi
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Francesca Balistrieri
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Angela Harrington
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Rebecca R Vanderpool
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | | | - Ayako Makino
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Targeting sphingosine kinase 1 for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Future Med Chem 2019; 11:2939-2953. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2019-0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), characterized by high morbidity and mortality, is a serious hazard to human life. Until now, the long-term survival of the PAH patients is still suboptimal. Recently, sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) has drawn more and more attention due to its essential role in the pulmonary vasoconstriction, remodeling of pulmonary blood vessels and right cardiac lesions in PAH patients, and this enzyme is regarded as a new target for the treatment of PAH. Here, we discussed the multifarious functions of SPHK1 in PAH physiology and pathogenesis. Moreover, the structural features of SPHK1 and binding modes with different inhibitors were summarized. Finally, recent advances in the medicinal chemistry research of SPHK1 inhibitors are presented.
Collapse
|
24
|
Mondejar-Parreño G, Callejo M, Barreira B, Morales-Cano D, Esquivel-Ruiz S, Filice M, Moreno L, Cogolludo A, Perez-Vizcaino F. miR-1 induces endothelial dysfunction in rat pulmonary arteries. J Physiol Biochem 2019; 75:519-529. [PMID: 31432395 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-019-00696-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction plays a central role in the pathophysiology of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small single-strand and non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene function by binding to the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of specific mRNAs. microRNA-1 (miR-1) is upregulated in plasma from idiopathic PAH patients and in lungs from an experimental model of PAH. However, the role of miRNA-1 on endothelial dysfunction is unknown. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of miR-1 on endothelial function in rat pulmonary arteries (PA). Endothelial function was studied in PA from PAH or healthy animals and mounted in a wire myograph. Some PA from control animals were transfected with miR-1 or scramble miR. Superoxide anion production by miR-1 was quantified by dihydroethidium (DHE) fluorescence in rat PA smooth muscle cells (PASMC). Bioinformatic analysis identified superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1), connexin-43 (Cx43), caveolin 2 (CAV2) and Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) as potential targets of miR-1. The expression of SOD1, Cx43, CAV2, and KLF4 was determined by qRT-PCR and western blot in PASMC. PA incubated with miR-1 presented decreased endothelium-dependent relaxation to acetylcholine. We also found an increase in the production of O2- and decreased expression of SOD1, Cx43, CAV2, and KLF4 in PASMC induced by miR-1, which may contribute to endothelial dysfunction. In conclusion, these data indicate that miR-1 induces endothelial dysfunction, suggesting a pathophysiological role in PAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gema Mondejar-Parreño
- Departament of Pharmacology and Toxicology. School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Callejo
- Departament of Pharmacology and Toxicology. School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Bianca Barreira
- Departament of Pharmacology and Toxicology. School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Morales-Cano
- Departament of Pharmacology and Toxicology. School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Esquivel-Ruiz
- Departament of Pharmacology and Toxicology. School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marco Filice
- Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Moreno
- Departament of Pharmacology and Toxicology. School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Cogolludo
- Departament of Pharmacology and Toxicology. School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Perez-Vizcaino
- Departament of Pharmacology and Toxicology. School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain. .,Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid, Spain. .,Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Gao H, Chen J, Chen T, Wang Y, Song Y, Dong Y, Zhao S, Machado RF. MicroRNA410 Inhibits Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling via Regulation of Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9949. [PMID: 31289307 PMCID: PMC6616369 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46352-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) upregulation in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (hPAECs) is associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) progression and pulmonary vascular remodeling. The underlying mechanisms regulating NAMPT expression are still not clear. In this study, we aimed to study the regulation of NAMPT expression by microRNA410 (miR410) in hPAECs and explore the role of miR410 in the pathogenesis of experimental pulmonary hypertension. We show that miR410 targets the 3' UTR of NAMPT and that, concomitant with NAMPT upregulation, miR410 is downregulated in lungs of mice exposed to hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH). Our results also demonstrate that miR410 directly inhibits NAMPT expression. Overexpression of miR410 in hPAECs inhibits basal and VEGF-induced proliferation, migration and promotes apoptosis of hPAECs, while miR410 inhibition via antagomirs has the opposite effect. Finally, administration of miR410 mimics in vivo attenuated induction of NAMPT in PAECs and prevented the development of HPH in mice. Our results highlight the role of miR410 in the regulation of NAMPT expression in hPAECs and show that miR410 plays a potential role in PAH pathobiology by targeting a modulator of pulmonary vascular remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gao
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jiwang Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Tianji Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Yifang Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Yang Song
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Yangbasai Dong
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Shuangping Zhao
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Roberto F Machado
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhang H, Zhang Z, Gao L, Qiao Z, Yu M, Yu B, Yang T. miR-1-3p suppresses proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma through targeting SOX9. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:2149-2157. [PMID: 30962696 PMCID: PMC6434909 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s197326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Liver cancer was the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in 2015. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer. miR-1-3p plays important roles in cancer, including prostate, bladder, lung cancer, and colorectal carcinoma. The function of miR-1-3p in HCC remains poorly understood. Methods qRT-PCR was performed to detect the miR-1-3p expression in HCC cell lines (HCCLM3, Hep3B, Bel-7404, SMMC-7721) and the normal human hepatic cell line (LO2). HCCLM3 and Bel-7404 cells were transfected with miR-1-3p mimic or scramble control followed by water-soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) assay. Western bolt analysis was performed to determine the protein levels. TargetScan7.1 (http://www.targetscan.org/vert_71/) was used to predict the potential targets of miR-1-3p. SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 9 (SOX9), which has been previously shown to play an important role in HCC, was found to be a target of miR-1-3p. Luciferase reporter assay was used to explore the targeting of miR-1-3p on SOX9. For in vivo tumorigenesis assay, HCCLM3 cells with stable overexpression of miR-1-3p or control plasmid were injected subcutaneously into the flank of the SCID mice and animals were monitored for tumor growth. Results miR-1-3p was significantly downregulated in HCC cell lines (HCCLM3, Hep3B, Bel-7404, and SMMC-7721) compared to normal human hepatic cell line (LO2). Overexpression of miR-1-3p significantly inhibited the proliferation and induced apoptosis in HCCLM3 and Bel-7474 cells. SOX9 was a direct target of miR-1-3p in HCC cells. Inhibition of SOX9 significantly inhibited the proliferation of HCCLM3 and Bel-7474 cells. In vivo, overexpression of miR-1-3p decreased tumor volume in a xenograft model. Conclusion These results highlight the role of miR-1-3p in HCC. Overexpression of miR-1-3P inhibited the proliferation of HCC at least partly due to the regulation of SOX9. miR-1-3p may be a promising therapeutic candidate for HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, People's Republic of China, ,
| | - Zhenya Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Hebei Medical University Fourth Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Gao
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, People's Republic of China,
| | - Zhengdong Qiao
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, People's Republic of China,
| | - Minghua Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, People's Republic of China, , .,Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, People's Republic of China,
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, People's Republic of China, ,
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kipfmueller F, Heindel K, Geipel A, Berg C, Bartmann P, Reutter H, Mueller A, Holdenrieder S. Expression of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products is associated with disease severity in congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 316:L1061-L1069. [PMID: 30838867 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00359.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) and lung hypoplasia are major contributors to morbidity and mortality in newborns with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). The soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) is a marker of endothelial function and might be associated with disease severity in CDH newborns. In a cohort of 30 CDH newborns and 20 healthy control newborns, sRAGE concentration was measured at birth and at 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 7-10 days. In healthy newborns, sRAGE was significantly higher at birth and at 48 h compared with CDH newborns (both P < 0.001). Among CDH newborns, sRAGE was significantly lower at birth (P = 0.033) and at 7-10 days (P = 0.035) in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) compared with patients not receiving ECMO. In contrast, CDH newborns receiving ECMO had significantly higher values at 6 h (P = 0.001), 12 h (P = 0.004), and 48 h (0.032). Additionally, sRAGE correlated significantly with PH severity, intensity and duration of mechanical ventilation, and prenatally assessed markers of CDH severity (lung size, liver herniation). The probability to receive ECMO therapy was five times higher in CDH newborns with sRAGE concentrations below the calculated cutoff of 650 pg/ml at birth (P = 0.002) and nine times higher in CDH newborns with sRAGE concentrations above the cutoff of 3,500 pg/ml at 6 h (P = 0.001). These findings suggest a potential involvement of sRAGE in the pathophysiology of CDH and may act as a therapeutic target in future treatment approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Kipfmueller
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - Katrin Heindel
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - Annegret Geipel
- Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - Christoph Berg
- Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - Peter Bartmann
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - Heiko Reutter
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - Andreas Mueller
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - Stefan Holdenrieder
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany.,Institute for Laboratory Medicine, German Heart Center of the State of Bavaria and the Technical University Munich , Munich , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Yang YZ, Zhang YF, Yang L, Xu J, Mo XM, Peng W. miR‑760 mediates hypoxia-induced proliferation and apoptosis of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells via targeting TLR4. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:2437-2446. [PMID: 30226538 PMCID: PMC6192785 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have a key role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a disease characterized by enhanced proliferation and reduced apoptosis of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. In the present study, miR-760 was demonstrated to be downregulated in PAH lung tissues compared with normal lung tissues, an effect that may be associated with the development of PAH. Hypoxia is an important stimulus for human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (hPASMC) proliferation and the occurrence of PAH. Therefore, the effect of miR-760 in hypoxia-treated and normal hPASMCs was investigated. Expression of exogenous miR-760 decreased cell proliferation in hypoxia-induced hPASMCs, and promoted cell apoptosis with an increase in the BCL2 associated X/BCL2 ratio and the expression levels of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9. In addition, overexpression of miR-760 suppressed the migration of hPASMCs under hypoxic conditions. Furthermore, miR-760 was demonstrated to mediate its anti-proliferation effect via the regulation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a direct target of miR-760. The results revealed that knockdown of TLR4 restrained the hypoxia-induced hPASMC proliferation and induced cell apoptosis. The present study uncovered a novel regulatory pathway involving miR-760 and suggested that miR-760 may be explored as a potential therapy for PAH in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Zhong Yang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Feng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Digestion, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Xu-Ming Mo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Mondejar-Parreño G, Callejo M, Barreira B, Morales-Cano D, Esquivel-Ruiz S, Moreno L, Cogolludo A, Perez-Vizcaino F. miR-1 is increased in pulmonary hypertension and downregulates Kv1.5 channels in rat pulmonary arteries. J Physiol 2018; 597:1185-1197. [PMID: 29717493 DOI: 10.1113/jp276054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS The expression of miR-1 is increased in lungs from the Hyp/Su5416 PAH rat model. Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells from this animal model are more depolarized and show decreased expression and activity of voltage-dependent potassium channel (Kv)1.5. miR-1 directly targets Kv1.5 channels, reduces Kv1.5 activity and induces membrane depolarization. Antagomir-1 prevents Kv1.5 channel downregulation and the depolarization induced by hypoxia/Su5416 exposition. ABSTRACT Impairment of the voltage-dependent potassium channel (Kv) plays a central role in the development of cardiovascular diseases, including pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). MicroRNAs are non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by binding to the 3'-untranslated region region of specific mRNAs. The present study aimed to analyse the effects of miR-1 on Kv channel function in pulmonary arteries (PA). Kv channel activity was studied in PA from healthy animals transfected with miR-1 or scrambled-miR. Kv currents were studied using the whole-cell configuration of the patch clamp technique. The characterization of the Kv1.5 currents was performed with the selective inhibitor DPO-1. miR-1 expression was increased and Kv1.5 channels were decreased in lungs from a rat model of PAH induced by hypoxia and Su5416. miR-1 transfection increased cell capacitance, reduced Kv1.5 currents and induced membrane depolarization in isolated pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. A luciferase reporter assay indicated that KCNA5, which encodes Kv1.5 channels, is a direct target gene of miR-1. Incubation of PA with Su5416 and hypoxia (3% O2 ) increased miR-1 and induced a decline in Kv1.5 currents, which was prevented by antagomiR-1. In conclusion, these data indicate that miR-1 induces pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell hypertrophy and reduces the activity and expression of Kv channels, suggesting a pathophysiological role in PAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gema Mondejar-Parreño
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Callejo
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Bianca Barreira
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Morales-Cano
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Esquivel-Ruiz
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Moreno
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Cogolludo
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Perez-Vizcaino
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|