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Du H, Shao M, Xu S, Yang Q, Xu J, Ke H, Zou L, Huang L, Cui Y, Qu F. Integrating metabolomics and network pharmacology analysis to explore mechanism of Pueraria lobata against pulmonary fibrosis: Involvement of arginine metabolism pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 332:118346. [PMID: 38782311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi is a typical medicinal and edible plant with a long application history in China and Southeast Asia. As a widely used traditional medicine, P. lobata exhibits the properties of anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antioxidant, relieving cough and asthma. Particularly, the increasing evidence indicates that the P. lobata has the therapeutic effect on fibrotic-related diseases in terms of metabolic regulation. However, the mechanisms of P. lobata on pulmonary fibrosis (PF) has not been thoroughly explored. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to explore the effect of arginine metabolites of P. lobata against PF model by integrating metabolomics and network pharmacology analysis. It might provide a new idea for the target finding of P. lobata anti-pulmonary fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, the Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into five experimental groups: saline-treated control group, bleomycin-induced fibrosis group, prednisolone acetate group, P. lobata 3.2 g/kg group and P. lobata 6.4 g/kg group. The therapeutic effect of P. lobata on bleomycin-induced PF in rats was evaluated by clinical symptoms such as lung function, body weight, hematoxylin eosin staining (HE), Masson staining and hydroxyproline assay. Next, the plasma metabolomics analysis was carried out by LC-MS to explore the pathological differences between the group of control, PF and P. lobata-treated rats. Then, the network pharmacology study coupled with experimental validation was conducted to analysis the results of metabolic research. We constructed the "component-target-disease" network of P. lobata in the treatment of PF. In addition, the molecular docking method was used to verify the interaction between potential active ingredients and core targets of P. lobata. Finally, we tested NOS2 and L-OT in arginine-related metabolic pathway in plasma of the rats by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Real-time PCR was performed to observe the level of TNF-α mRNA and MMP9 mRNA. And we tested the expression of TNF-α and MMP9 by Western blot analysis. RESULTS Our findings revealed that P. lobata improved lung function and ameliorated the pathological symptoms, such as pathological damage, collagen deposition, and body weight loss in PF rats. Otherwise, the plasma metabolomics were employed to screen the differential metabolites of amino acids, lipids, flavonoids, arachidonic acid metabolites, glycoside, etc. Finally, we found that the arginine metabolism signaling mainly involved in the regulating of P. lobata on the treatment of PF rats. Furtherly, the network pharmacology predicted that the arginine metabolism pathway was contained in the top 20 pathways. Next, we integrated metabolomics and network pharmacology that identified NOS2, MMP9 and TNF-α as the P. lobata regulated hub genes by molecular docking. Importantly, it indicated a strong affinity between the puerarin and the NOS2. P. lobata attenuated TNF-α, MMP-9 and NOS2 levels, suppressed TNF-α and MMP-9 protein expression, and decreased L-OT and NOS2 content in PF rats. These results indicated that the effects of P. lobata may ameliorated PF via the arginine metabolism pathway in rats. Therefore, P. lobata may be a potential therapeutic agent to ameliorated PF. CONCLUSION In this work, we used metabolomics and network pharmacology to explore the mechanisms of P. lobata in the treatment of PF. Finally, we confirmed that P. lobata alleviated BLM-induced PF in rats by regulating arginine metabolism pathway based on reducing the L-OT and NOS2-related signal molecular. The search for the biomarkers finding of arginine metabolism pathway revealed a new strategy for P. lobata in the treatment of PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Du
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Meijuan Shao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Shangcheng Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Qian Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Jingping Xu
- School of Physiology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Hong Ke
- School of Physiology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Li Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Liping Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Yanru Cui
- School of Physiology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China.
| | - Fei Qu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China.
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Cherkaoui S, Yang L, McBride M, Turn CS, Lu W, Eigenmann C, Allen GE, Panasenko OO, Zhang L, Vu A, Liu K, Li Y, Gandhi OH, Surrey L, Wierer M, White E, Rabinowitz JD, Hogarty MD, Morscher RJ. Reprogramming neuroblastoma by diet-enhanced polyamine depletion. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.07.573662. [PMID: 38260457 PMCID: PMC10802427 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.07.573662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a highly lethal childhood tumor derived from differentiation-arrested neural crest cells1,2. Like all cancers, its growth is fueled by metabolites obtained from either circulation or local biosynthesis3,4. Neuroblastomas depend on local polyamine biosynthesis, with the inhibitor difluoromethylornithine showing clinical activity5. Here we show that such inhibition can be augmented by dietary restriction of upstream amino acid substrates, leading to disruption of oncogenic protein translation, tumor differentiation, and profound survival gains in the TH-MYCN mouse model. Specifically, an arginine/proline-free diet decreases the polyamine precursor ornithine and augments tumor polyamine depletion by difluoromethylornithine. This polyamine depletion causes ribosome stalling, unexpectedly specifically at adenosine-ending codons. Such codons are selectively enriched in cell cycle genes and low in neuronal differentiation genes. Thus, impaired translation of these codons, induced by the diet-drug combination, favors a pro-differentiation proteome. These results suggest that the genes of specific cellular programs have evolved hallmark codon usage preferences that enable coherent translational rewiring in response to metabolic stresses, and that this process can be targeted to activate differentiation of pediatric cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Cherkaoui
- Pediatric Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, Children’s Research Center, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
- Division of Oncology, University Children’s Hospital Zurich and Children’s Research Center, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lifeng Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Princeton Branch, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Matthew McBride
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Princeton Branch, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Christina S. Turn
- Division of Oncology and Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Wenyun Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Princeton Branch, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Caroline Eigenmann
- Pediatric Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, Children’s Research Center, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
- Division of Oncology, University Children’s Hospital Zurich and Children’s Research Center, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - George E. Allen
- Bioinformatics Support Platform, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva 1211, Switzerland
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Genomics Geneva, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Olesya O. Panasenko
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Genomics Geneva, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- BioCode: RNA to proteins (R2P) Platform, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lu Zhang
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Princeton Branch, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08901, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Annette Vu
- Division of Oncology and Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kangning Liu
- Division of Oncology and Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yimei Li
- Division of Oncology and Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Om H. Gandhi
- Division of Oncology and Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lea Surrey
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael Wierer
- Proteomics Research Infrastructure, Panum Institute, Blegdamsvej 3B, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eileen White
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Princeton Branch, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08901, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Joshua D. Rabinowitz
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Princeton Branch, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Michael D. Hogarty
- Division of Oncology and Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Raphael J. Morscher
- Pediatric Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, Children’s Research Center, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
- Division of Oncology, University Children’s Hospital Zurich and Children’s Research Center, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
- Division of Human Genetics, Medical University Innsbruck, Peter-Mayr-Str. 1, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Long Y, Shi H, He Y, Qi X. Analyzing the impact of metabolism on immune cells in tumor microenvironment to promote the development of immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1307228. [PMID: 38264667 PMCID: PMC10804850 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1307228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor metabolism and tumor immunity are inextricably linked. Targeting the metabolism of tumors is a point worth studying in tumor immunotherapy. Recently, the influence of the metabolism of tumors and immune cells on the occurrence, proliferation, metastasis, and prognosis of tumors has attracted more attention. Tumor tissue forms a specific tumor microenvironment (TME). In addition to tumor cells, there are also immune cells, stromal cells, and other cells in TME. To adapt to the environment, tumor cells go through the metabolism reprogramming of various substances. The metabolism reprogramming of tumor cells may further affect the formation of the tumor microenvironment and the function of a variety of cells, especially immune cells, eventually promoting tumor development. Therefore, it is necessary to study the metabolism of tumor cells and its effects on immune cells to guide tumor immunotherapy. Inhibiting tumor metabolism may restore immune balance and promote the immune response in tumors. This article will describe glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and immune cells in tumors. Besides, the impact of metabolism on the immune cells in TME is also discussed for analyzing and exploring tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaorong Qi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Stip MC, Teeuwen L, Dierselhuis MP, Leusen JHW, Krijgsman D. Targeting the myeloid microenvironment in neuroblastoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:337. [PMID: 38087370 PMCID: PMC10716967 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02913-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid cells (granulocytes and monocytes/macrophages) play an important role in neuroblastoma. By inducing a complex immunosuppressive network, myeloid cells pose a challenge for the adaptive immune system to eliminate tumor cells, especially in high-risk neuroblastoma. This review first summarizes the pro- and anti-tumorigenic functions of myeloid cells, including granulocytes, monocytes, macrophages, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) during the development and progression of neuroblastoma. Secondly, we discuss how myeloid cells are engaged in the current treatment regimen and explore novel strategies to target these cells in neuroblastoma. These strategies include: (1) engaging myeloid cells as effector cells, (2) ablating myeloid cells or blocking the recruitment of myeloid cells to the tumor microenvironment and (3) reprogramming myeloid cells. Here we describe that despite their immunosuppressive traits, tumor-associated myeloid cells can still be engaged as effector cells, which is clear in anti-GD2 immunotherapy. However, their full potential is not yet reached, and myeloid cell engagement can be enhanced, for example by targeting the CD47/SIRPα axis. Though depletion of myeloid cells or blocking myeloid cell infiltration has been proven effective, this strategy also depletes possible effector cells for immunotherapy from the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, reprogramming of suppressive myeloid cells might be the optimal strategy, which reverses immunosuppressive traits, preserves myeloid cells as effectors of immunotherapy, and subsequently reactivates tumor-infiltrating T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjolein C Stip
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Loes Teeuwen
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jeanette H W Leusen
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Daniëlle Krijgsman
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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Gu H, Zhu Y, Yang J, Jiang R, Deng Y, Li A, Fang Y, Wu Q, Tu H, Chang H, Wen J, Jiang X. Liver-Inspired Polyetherketoneketone Scaffolds Simulate Regenerative Signals and Mobilize Anti-Inflammatory Reserves to Reprogram Macrophage Metabolism for Boosted Osteoporotic Osseointegration. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302136. [PMID: 37400369 PMCID: PMC10477864 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Tissue regeneration is regulated by morphological clues of implants in bone defect repair. Engineered morphology can boost regenerative biocascades that conquer challenges such as material bioinertness and pathological microenvironments. Herein, a correlation between the liver extracellular skeleton morphology and the regenerative signaling, namely hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET), is found to explain the mystery of rapid liver regeneration. Inspired by this unique structure, a biomimetic morphology is prepared on polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) via femtosecond laser etching and sulfonation. The morphology reproduces MET signaling in macrophages, causing positive immunoregulation and optimized osteogenesis. Moreover, the morphological clue activates an anti-inflammatory reserve (arginase-2) to translocate retrogradely from mitochondria to the cytoplasm due to the difference in spatial binding of heat shock protein 70. This translocation enhances oxidative respiration and complex II activity, reprogramming the metabolism of energy and arginine. The importance of MET signaling and arginase-2 in the anti-inflammatory repair of biomimetic scaffolds is also verified via chemical inhibition and gene knockout. Altogether, this study not only provides a novel biomimetic scaffold for osteoporotic bone defect repair that can simulate regenerative signals, but also reveals the significance and feasibility of strategies to mobilize anti-inflammatory reserves in bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Gu
- Department of ProsthodonticsShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and MaterialsShanghai200125China
| | - Yuhui Zhu
- Department of ProsthodonticsShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and MaterialsShanghai200125China
| | - Jiawei Yang
- Department of ProsthodonticsShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and MaterialsShanghai200125China
| | - Ruixue Jiang
- Department of ProsthodonticsShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and MaterialsShanghai200125China
| | - Yuwei Deng
- Department of ProsthodonticsShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and MaterialsShanghai200125China
| | - Anshuo Li
- Department of ProsthodonticsShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and MaterialsShanghai200125China
| | - Yingjing Fang
- Department of ProsthodonticsShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and MaterialsShanghai200125China
| | - Qianju Wu
- Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical CollegeXiamen Key Laboratory of Stomatological Disease Diagnosis and TreatmentXiamenFujian361008China
| | - Honghuan Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and NetworksSchool of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China
| | - Haishuang Chang
- Shanghai Institute of Precision MedicineShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200125China
| | - Jin Wen
- Department of ProsthodonticsShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and MaterialsShanghai200125China
| | - Xinquan Jiang
- Department of ProsthodonticsShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and MaterialsShanghai200125China
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Zeki J, Yavuz B, Wood L, Shimada H, Kaplan DL, Chiu B. Concurrent application of interferon-gamma and vincristine inhibits tumor growth in an orthotopic neuroblastoma mouse model. Pediatr Surg Int 2023; 39:241. [PMID: 37500800 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-023-05523-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tumor-associated macrophages are present within neuroblastoma, and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) can polarize macrophages into cancer-inhibiting M1 type. We hypothesize that treating neuroblastoma with interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) can suppress tumor growth, and the concurrent treatment with IFN-γ and vincristine can lead to enhanced tumor killing as compared to vincristine alone. METHODS We loaded IFN-γ or vincristine into silk biomaterials and recorded the amount released over time. Orthotopic, syngeneic neuroblastoma xenografts were generated by injecting 9464D cells into adrenal gland of C57BL/6 mice, and IFN-γ-loaded and/or vincristine-loaded silk biomaterials were implanted into the tumor once the tumors reached 100 mm3. Drug release at different timepoints was measured and tumor growth after different treatments were compared. RESULTS 1-2% of IFN-γ and 70% of vincristine were released from the biomaterials by the fifth day. Combining IFN-γ and vincristine significantly slowed tumor growth as compared to the controls (12.2 ± 2.7 days to reach 800 mm3 versus 5.7 ± 1.2 days, p = 0.01), and IFN-γ alone also delayed tumor growth as compared to the controls (10.9 ± 1.5 days versus 5.7 ± 1.2 days, p = 0.001). Hematoxylin and eosin staining demonstrated tumor necrosis adjacent to the drug-loaded silk biomaterials. CONCLUSION Local delivery of sustained release IFN-γ can inhibit neuroblastoma tumor growth by itself and in combination with vincristine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Zeki
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University, 453 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Burcin Yavuz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Lauren Wood
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University, 453 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | | | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
| | - Bill Chiu
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University, 453 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.
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Li M, Yang Y, Xiong L, Jiang P, Wang J, Li C. Metabolism, metabolites, and macrophages in cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2023; 16:80. [PMID: 37491279 PMCID: PMC10367370 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-023-01478-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) are crucial components of the tumour microenvironment and play a significant role in tumour development and drug resistance by creating an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Macrophages are essential components of both the innate and adaptive immune systems and contribute to pathogen resistance and the regulation of organism homeostasis. Macrophage function and polarization are closely linked to altered metabolism. Generally, M1 macrophages rely primarily on aerobic glycolysis, whereas M2 macrophages depend on oxidative metabolism. Metabolic studies have revealed that the metabolic signature of TAMs and metabolites in the tumour microenvironment regulate the function and polarization of TAMs. However, the precise effects of metabolic reprogramming on tumours and TAMs remain incompletely understood. In this review, we discuss the impact of metabolic pathways on macrophage function and polarization as well as potential strategies for reprogramming macrophage metabolism in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yuhan Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Liting Xiong
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Junjie Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Chunxiao Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Chu YD, Lai MW, Yeh CT. Unlocking the Potential of Arginine Deprivation Therapy: Recent Breakthroughs and Promising Future for Cancer Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10668. [PMID: 37445845 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Arginine is a semi-essential amino acid that supports protein synthesis to maintain cellular functions. Recent studies suggest that arginine also promotes wound healing, cell division, ammonia metabolism, immune system regulation, and hormone biosynthesis-all of which are critical for tumor growth. These discoveries, coupled with the understanding of cancer cell metabolic reprogramming, have led to renewed interest in arginine deprivation as a new anticancer therapy. Several arginine deprivation strategies have been developed and entered clinical trials. The main principle behind these therapies is that arginine auxotrophic tumors rely on external arginine sources for growth because they carry reduced key arginine-synthesizing enzymes such as argininosuccinate synthase 1 (ASS1) in the intracellular arginine cycle. To obtain anticancer effects, modified arginine-degrading enzymes, such as PEGylated recombinant human arginase 1 (rhArg1-PEG) and arginine deiminase (ADI-PEG 20), have been developed and shown to be safe and effective in clinical trials. They have been tried as a monotherapy or in combination with other existing therapies. This review discusses recent advances in arginine deprivation therapy, including the molecular basis of extracellular arginine degradation leading to tumor cell death, and how this approach could be a valuable addition to the current anticancer arsenal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-De Chu
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Wei Lai
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Ting Yeh
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
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Rivera Z, Escutia C, Madonna MB, Gupta KH. Biological Insight and Recent Advancement in the Treatment of Neuroblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108470. [PMID: 37239815 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most frequent solid tumors in children is neuroblastoma, which has a variety of clinical behaviors that are mostly influenced by the biology of the tumor. Unique characteristics of neuroblastoma includes its early age of onset, its propensity for spontaneous tumor regression in newborns, and its high prevalence of metastatic disease at diagnosis in individuals older than 1 year of age. Immunotherapeutic techniques have been added to the previously enlisted chemotherapeutic treatments as therapeutic choices. A groundbreaking new treatment for hematological malignancies is adoptive cell therapy, specifically chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy. However, due to the immunosuppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment (TME) of neuroblastoma tumor, this treatment approach faces difficulties. Numerous tumor-associated genes and antigens, including the MYCN proto-oncogene (MYCN) and disialoganglioside (GD2) surface antigen, have been found by the molecular analysis of neuroblastoma cells. The MYCN gene and GD2 are two of the most useful immunotherapy findings for neuroblastoma. The tumor cells devise numerous methods to evade immune identification or modify the activity of immune cells. In addition to addressing the difficulties and potential advancements of immunotherapies for neuroblastoma, this review attempts to identify important immunological actors and biological pathways involved in the dynamic interaction between the TME and immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoriamin Rivera
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Carlos Escutia
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Mary Beth Madonna
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Kajal H Gupta
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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10
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Vitale C, Bottino C, Castriconi R. Monocyte and Macrophage in Neuroblastoma: Blocking Their Pro-Tumoral Functions and Strengthening Their Crosstalk with Natural Killer Cells. Cells 2023; 12:885. [PMID: 36980226 PMCID: PMC10047506 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, immunotherapy has represented an enormous step forward in the fight against cancer. Immunotherapeutic approaches have increasingly become a fundamental part of the combined therapies currently adopted in the treatment of patients with high-risk (HR) neuroblastoma (NB). An increasing number of studies focus on the understanding of the immune landscape in NB and, since this tumor expresses low or null levels of MHC class I, on the development of new strategies aimed at enhancing innate immunity, especially Natural Killer (NK) cells and macrophages. There is growing evidence that, within the NB tumor microenvironment (TME), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which mainly present an M2-like phenotype, have a crucial role in mediating NB development and immune evasion, and they have been correlated to poor clinical outcomes. Importantly, TAM can also impair the antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) mediated by NK cells upon the administration of anti-GD2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), the current standard immunotherapy for HR-NB patients. This review deals with the main mechanisms regulating the crosstalk among NB cells and TAMs or other cellular components of the TME, which support tumor development and induce drug resistance. Furthermore, we will address the most recent strategies aimed at limiting the number of pro-tumoral macrophages within the TME, reprogramming the TAMs functional state, thus enhancing NK cell functions. We also prospectively discuss new or unexplored aspects of human macrophage heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Vitale
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Cristina Bottino
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Roberta Castriconi
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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11
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Tomolonis JA, Xu X, Dholakia KH, Zhang C, Guo L, Courtney AN, Wang S, Balzeau J, Barragán GA, Tian G, Di Pierro EJ, Metelitsa LS. Interaction between tumor cell TNFR2 and monocyte membrane-bound TNF-α triggers tumorigenic inflammation in neuroblastoma. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:jitc-2022-005478. [PMID: 36882225 PMCID: PMC10008329 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor progression and resistance to therapy in children with neuroblastoma (NB), a common childhood cancer, are often associated with infiltration of monocytes and macrophages that produce inflammatory cytokines. However, the mechanism by which tumor-supportive inflammation is initiated and propagated remains unknown. Here, we describe a novel protumorigenic circuit between NB cells and monocytes that is triggered and sustained by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). METHODS We used NB knockouts (KOs) of TNF-α and TNFRSF1A mRNA (TNFR1)/TNFRSF1B mRNA (TNFR2) and TNF-α protease inbitor (TAPI), a drug that modulates TNF-α isoform expression, to assess the role of each component in monocyte-associated protumorigenic inflammation. Additionally, we employed NB-monocyte cocultures and treated these with clinical-grade etanercept, an Fc-TNFR2 fusion protein, to neutralize signaling by both membrane-bound (m) and soluble (s)TNF-α isoforms. Further, we treated NOD/SCID/IL2Rγ(null) mice carrying subcutaneous NB/human monocyte xenografts with etanercept and evaluated the impact on tumor growth and angiogenesis. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to determine whether TNF-α signaling correlates with clinical outcomes in patients with NB. RESULTS We found that NB expression of TNFR2 and monocyte membrane-bound tumor necrosis factor alpha is required for monocyte activation and interleukin (IL)-6 production, while NB TNFR1 and monocyte soluble TNF-α are required for NB nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1 (NF-κB) activation. Treatment of NB-monocyte cocultures with clinical-grade etanercept completely abrogated release of IL-6, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), IL-1α, and IL-1β and eliminated monocyte-induced enhancement of NB cell proliferation in vitro. Furthermore, etanercept treatment inhibited tumor growth, ablated tumor angiogenesis, and suppressed oncogenic signaling in mice with subcutaneous NB/human monocyte xenografts. Finally, GSEA revealed significant enrichment for TNF-α signaling in patients with NB that relapsed. CONCLUSIONS We have described a novel mechanism of tumor-promoting inflammation in NB that is strongly associated with patient outcome and could be targeted with therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Tomolonis
- Center for Advanced Innate Cell Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program (MSTP), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xin Xu
- Center for Advanced Innate Cell Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kshiti H Dholakia
- Center for Advanced Innate Cell Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Chunchao Zhang
- Center for Advanced Innate Cell Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Linjie Guo
- Center for Advanced Innate Cell Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Amy N Courtney
- Center for Advanced Innate Cell Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Siyue Wang
- Center for Advanced Innate Cell Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Julien Balzeau
- Center for Advanced Innate Cell Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Gabriel A Barragán
- Center for Advanced Innate Cell Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Gengwen Tian
- Center for Advanced Innate Cell Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Erica J Di Pierro
- Center for Advanced Innate Cell Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Leonid S Metelitsa
- Center for Advanced Innate Cell Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA .,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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12
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Giannoudis A, Varešlija D, Sharma V, Zakaria R, Platt-Higgins A, Rudland P, Jenkinson M, Young L, Palmieri C. Characterisation of the immune microenvironment of primary breast cancer and brain metastasis reveals depleted T-cell response associated to ARG2 expression. ESMO Open 2022; 7:100636. [PMID: 36423363 PMCID: PMC9808462 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibition is an established treatment in programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-positive metastatic triple-negative (TN) breast cancer (BC). However, the immune landscape of breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM) remains poorly defined. MATERIALS AND METHODS The tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of 770 immune-related genes (NanoString™, nCounter™ Immuno-oncology IO360) were assessed in primary BCs and BCBMs. The prognostic role of ARG2 transcripts and protein expression in primary BCs and its association with outcome was determined. RESULTS There was a significant reduction of TILs in the BCBMs in comparison to primary BCs. 11.5% of BCs presented a high immune infiltrate (hot), 46.2% were altered (immunosuppressed/excluded) and 34.6% were cold (no/low immune infiltrate). 3.8% of BCBMs were hot, 23.1% altered and 73.1% cold. One hundred and twelve immune-related genes including PD-L1 and CTLA4 were decreased in BCBM compared to the primary BCs (false discovery rate <0.01, log2 fold-change >1.5). These genes are involved in matrix remodelling and metastasis, cytokine-chemokine signalling, lymphoid compartment, antigen presentation and immune cell adhesion and migration. Immuno-modulators such as PD-L1 (CD274), CTLA4, TIGIT and CD276 (B7H3) were decreased in BCBMs. However, PD-L1 and CTLA4 expression was significantly higher in TN BCBMs (P = 0.01), with CTLA4 expression also high in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (P < 0.01) compared to estrogen receptor-positive BCBMs. ARG2 was one of four genes up-regulated in BCBMs. High ARG2 mRNA expression in primary BCs was associated with worse distant metastasis-free survival (P = 0.038), while ARG2 protein expression was associated with worse breast-brain metastasis-free (P = 0.027) and overall survival (P = 0.019). High transcript levels of ARG2 correlated to low levels of cytotoxic and T cells in both BC and BCBM (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION This study highlights the immunological differences between primary BCs and BCBMs and the potential importance of ARG2 expression in T-cell depletion and clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Giannoudis
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - D. Varešlija
- The School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - V. Sharma
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK,Department of Pathology, Royal Liverpool University Hospital NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - R. Zakaria
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK,Department of Neurosurgery, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - A. Platt-Higgins
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - P.S. Rudland
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - M.D. Jenkinson
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK,Department of Neurosurgery, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - L.S. Young
- Endocrine Oncology Research Group, Department of Surgery, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C. Palmieri
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK,The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK,Correspondence to: Prof. Carlo Palmieri, University of Liverpool, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Sherrington Building, Ashton Street, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK. Tel: +44 151 7949813 @cancermedic
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13
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Identification of the ultrahigh-risk subgroup in neuroblastoma cases through DNA methylation analysis and its treatment exploiting cancer metabolism. Oncogene 2022; 41:4994-5007. [PMID: 36319669 PMCID: PMC9652143 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02489-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastomas require novel therapies that are based on the exploitation of their biological mechanism. To address this need, we analyzed the DNA methylation and expression datasets of neuroblastomas, extracted a candidate gene characterizing the aggressive features, and conducted functional studies. Based on the DNA methylation data, we identified a subgroup of neuroblastoma cases with 11q loss of heterozygosity with extremely poor prognosis. PHGDH, a serine metabolism-related gene, was extracted as a candidate with strong expression and characteristic methylation in this subgroup as well as in cases with MYCN amplification. PHGDH inhibition suppressed neuroblastoma cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo, indicating that the inhibition of serine metabolism by PHGDH inhibitors is a therapeutic alternative for neuroblastoma. Inhibiting the arginine metabolism, which is closely related to serine metabolism using arginine deiminase, had a combination effect both in vitro and in vivo, especially on extracellular arginine-dependent neuroblastoma cells with ASS1 deficiency. Expression and metabolome analyses of post-dose cells confirmed the synergistic effects of treatments targeting serine and arginine indicated that xCT inhibitors that inhibit cystine uptake could be candidates for further combinatorial treatment. Our results highlight the rational therapeutic strategy of targeting serine/arginine metabolism for intractable neuroblastoma.
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14
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Liu H, Zhao H, Sun Y. Tumor microenvironment and cellular senescence: Understanding therapeutic resistance and harnessing strategies. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:769-781. [PMID: 34799201 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a major contributor to cancer malignancy including development of therapeutic resistance, a process mediated in part through intercellular crosstalk. Besides diverse soluble factors responsible for pro-survival pathway activation, immune evasion and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling further promote cancer resistance. Importantly, therapy-induced senescence (TIS) of cells in the TME is frequently observed in anticancer regimens, an off-target effect that can generate profound impacts on disease progression. By conferring the resistance and fueling the repopulation of remaining cancerous cells, TIS is responsible for tumor relapse and distant metastasis in posttreatment stage. This pathological trajectory can be substantially driven by the pro-inflammatory feature of senescent cells, termed as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Targeting strategies to selectively and efficiently remove senescent cells before they exert non-autonomous but largely deleterious effects, are emerging as an effective solution to prevent drug resistance acquired from a treatment-remodeled TME. In this review, we summarize the TME composition and key activities that affect tissue homeostasis and support treatment resistance. Promising opportunities that allow TME-manipulation and senescent cell-targeting (senotherapy) are discussed, with translational pipelines to overcome therapeutic barriers in clinical oncology projected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxin Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Aging Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China
| | - Huifang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Aging Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Aging Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; Department of Medicine and VAPSHCS, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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15
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Im S, Kim H, Jeong M, Yang H, Hong JY. Integrative understanding of immune-metabolic interaction. BMB Rep 2022. [PMID: 35651325 PMCID: PMC9252895 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2022.55.6.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed that the immune system plays a critical role in various physiological processes beyond its classical pathogen control activity. Even under a sterile condition, various cells and tissues can utilize the immune system to meet a specific demand for proper physiological functions. Particularly, a strong link between immunity and metabolism has been identified. Studies have identified the reciprocal regulation between these two systems. For example, immune signals can regulate metabolism, and metabolism (cellular or systemic) can regulate immunity. In this review, we will summarize recent findings on this reciprocal regulation between immunity and metabolism, and discuss potential biological rules behind this interaction with integrative perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonyoung Im
- Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Hawon Kim
- Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Myunghyun Jeong
- Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Hyeon Yang
- Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jun Young Hong
- Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
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16
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Characterisation of Expression the Arginine Pathway Enzymes in Childhood Brain Tumours to Determine Susceptibility to Therapeutic Arginine Depletion. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:9008685. [PMID: 35782058 PMCID: PMC9242779 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9008685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite significant improvements in treatment and survival in paediatric cancers, outcomes for children with brain tumours remain poor. Novel therapeutic approaches are needed to improve survival and quality of survival. Extracellular arginine dependency (auxotrophy) has been recognised in several tumours as a potential therapeutic target. This dependency is due to the inability of cancer cells to recycle or synthesise intracellular arginine through the urea cycle pathway compared to normal cells. Whilst adult glioblastoma exhibits this dependency, the expression of the arginine pathway enzymes has not been delineated in paediatric brain tumours. We used immunohistochemical (IHC) methods to stain for arginine pathway enzymes in paediatric high-grade glioma (pHGG), low-grade glioma (pLGG), ependymoma (EPN), and medulloblastoma (MB) tumour tissue microarrays (TMAs). The antibodies detected protein expression of the metaboliser arginase (Arg1 and Arg2); recycling enzymes ornithine transcarbamoylase (OTC), argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS1), and argininosuccinate lyase (ASL); and the transporter SLC7A1. Deficiency of OTC, ASS1, and ASL was seen in 87.5%, 94%, and 79% of pHGG samples, respectively, consistent with an auxotrophic signature. Similar result was obtained in pLGG with 96%, 93%, and 91% of tumours being deficient in ASL, ASS1, and OTC, respectively. 79%, 88%, and 85% of MB cases were ASL, ASS1, and OTC deficient whilst ASL and OTC were deficient in 57% and 91% of EPN samples. All tumour types highly expressed SLC7A1 and Arginase, with Arg2 being the main isoform, demonstrating that they could transport and utilise arginine. Our results show that pHGG, pLGG, EPN, and MB demonstrate arginine auxotrophy based on protein expression and are likely to be susceptible to arginine depletion. Pegylated arginase (BCT-100) is currently in phase I/II trials in relapsed pHGG. Our results suggest that therapeutic arginine depletion may also be useful in other tumour types and IHC analysis of patient tumour samples could help identify patients likely to benefit from this treatment.
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17
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Niu F, Yu Y, Li Z, Ren Y, Li Z, Ye Q, Liu P, Ji C, Qian L, Xiong Y. Arginase: An emerging and promising therapeutic target for cancer treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112840. [PMID: 35316752 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Arginase is a key hydrolase in the urea cycle that hydrolyses L-arginine to urea and L-ornithine. Increasing number of studies in recent years demonstrate that two mammalian arginase isoforms, arginase 1 (ARG1) and arginase 2 (ARG2), were aberrantly upregulated in various types of cancers, and played crucial roles in the regulation of tumor growth and metastasis through various mechanisms such as regulating L-arginine metabolism, influencing tumor immune microenvironment, etc. Thus, arginase receives increasing focus as an attractive target for cancer therapy. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the physiological and biological roles of arginase in a variety of cancers, and shed light on the underlying mechanisms of arginase mediating cancer cells growth and development, as well as summarize the recent clinical research advances of targeting arginase for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanglin Niu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhuozhuo Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zi Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiang Ye
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an 710018, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chenshuang Ji
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lu Qian
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an 710018, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yuyan Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China; Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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18
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Holterhus M, Altvater B, Kailayangiri S, Rossig C. The Cellular Tumor Immune Microenvironment of Childhood Solid Cancers: Informing More Effective Immunotherapies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092177. [PMID: 35565307 PMCID: PMC9105669 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Common pediatric solid cancers fail to respond to standard immuno-oncology agents relying on preexisting adaptive antitumor immune responses. The adoptive transfer of tumor-antigen specific T cells, such as CAR-gene modified T cells, is an attractive strategy, but its efficacy has been limited. Evidence is accumulating that local barriers in the tumor microenvironment prevent the infiltration of T cells and impede therapeutic immune responses. A thorough understanding of the components of the functional compartment of the tumor microenvironment and their interaction could inform effective combination therapies and novel engineered therapeutics, driving immunotherapy towards its full potential in pediatric patients. This review summarizes current knowledge on the cellular composition and significance of the tumor microenvironment in common extracranial solid cancers of childhood and adolescence, such as embryonal tumors and bone and soft tissue sarcomas, with a focus on myeloid cell populations that are often present in abundance in these tumors. Strategies to (co)target immunosuppressive myeloid cell populations with pharmacological anticancer agents and with selective antagonists are presented, as well as novel concepts aiming to employ myeloid cells to cooperate with antitumor T cell responses.
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19
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Feng C, Li T, Xiao J, Wang J, Meng X, Niu H, Jiang B, Huang L, Deng X, Yan X, Wu D, Fang Y, Lin Y, Chen F, Wu X, Zhao X, Feng J. Tumor Microenvironment Profiling Identifies Prognostic Signatures and Suggests Immunotherapeutic Benefits in Neuroblastoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:814836. [PMID: 35493068 PMCID: PMC9047956 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.814836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) influences disease initiation and progression. Cross-talks of cells within TME can affect the efficacy of immunotherapies. However, a precise, concise, and comprehensive TME landscape in neuroblastoma (NB) has not been established. Here, we profiled the TME landscape of 498 NB-related patients on a self-curated gene list and identified three prognostic TMEsubgroups. The differentially expressed genes in these three TMEsubgroups were used to construct a genetic signature of the TME landscape and characterize three GeneSubgroups. The subgroup with the worst overall survival prognosis, the TMEsubgroup/GeneSubgroup3, lacked immune cell infiltration and received the highest scores of MYCN- and ALK-related signatures and lowest scores of immune pathways. Additionally, we found that the GeneSubgroup3 might be benefited from anti-GD2 instead of anti-PD-1 therapy. We further created a 48-gene signature, the TMEscore, to infer prognosis and validated it in three independent NB cohorts and a pan-cancer cohort of 9,460 patients. We did RNA-seq on 16 samples and verified that TMEscore was higher in patients with stage 3/4 than stage 1/2 diseases. The TMEscore could also predict responses for several immunotherapies. After adding clinical features, we found that the nomogram-based score system, the TMEIndex, surpassed the current risk system at predicting survivals. Our analysis explained TME at the transcriptome level and paved the way for immunotherapies in NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenzhao Feng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinyao Meng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huizhong Niu
- Department of General Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaogeng Deng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueqiang Yan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dianming Wu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children’s Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yifan Fang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children’s Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yu Lin
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children’s Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Chen, ; Xiaojuan Wu, ; Xiang Zhao, ; Jiexiong Feng,
| | - Xiaojuan Wu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Chen, ; Xiaojuan Wu, ; Xiang Zhao, ; Jiexiong Feng,
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Chen, ; Xiaojuan Wu, ; Xiang Zhao, ; Jiexiong Feng,
| | - Jiexiong Feng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Chen, ; Xiaojuan Wu, ; Xiang Zhao, ; Jiexiong Feng,
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20
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Tang Y, Xu L, Ren Y, Li Y, Yuan F, Cao M, Zhang Y, Deng M, Yao Z. Identification and Validation of a Prognostic Model Based on Three MVI-Related Genes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:261-275. [PMID: 34975331 PMCID: PMC8692135 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.66536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MVI has significant clinical value for treatment selection and prognosis evaluation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to construct a model based on MVI-Related Genes (MVIRGs) for risk assessment and prognosis prediction in patients with HCC. This study utilized various statistical analysis methods for prognostic model construction and validation in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) cohorts, respectively. In addition, immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR were used to analyze and identify the value of the model in our cohort. After the analyses, 153 differentially expressed MVIRGs were identified, and three key genes were selected to construct a prognostic model. The high-risk group showed significantly lower overall survival (OS), and this trend was observed in all subgroups: different age groups, genders, stages, and grades. Risk score was a risk factor independent of age, gender, stage, and grade. Moreover, the ICGC cohort validated the prognostic value of the model corresponding to the TCGA. In our cohort, qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry showed that all three genes had higher expression levels in HCC samples than in normal controls. High expression levels of genes and high-risk scores showed significantly lower recurrence-free survival (RFS) and OS, especially in MVI-positive HCC samples. Therefore, the prognostic model constructed by three MVIRGs can reliably predict the RFS and OS of patients with HCC and is valuable for guiding clinical treatment selection and prognostic assessment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchang Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yupeng Ren
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yuxuan Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Feng Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Mingbo Cao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Meihai Deng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Zhicheng Yao
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
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21
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Zhang P, Ma K, Ke X, Liu L, Li Y, Liu Y, Wang Y. Development and Validation of a Five-RNA-Based Signature and Identification of Candidate Drugs for Neuroblastoma. Front Genet 2021; 12:685646. [PMID: 34745201 PMCID: PMC8564070 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.685646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NBL) originating from the sympathetic nervous system is the most prevalent solid tumor in infancy. Although there is sufficient variability in prognosis among different age pyramids, age-related gene expression profiles and biomarkers remain poorly explored. The present study aimed to construct a signature based on differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between two age groups in NBL. Univariate Cox regression, multivariate Cox regression, and LASSO analyses were used to identify the optimal prognostic factors. The prediction ability of the model was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and C-index. Functional enrichment analysis was performed using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and gene ontology databases. A total of 1,160 DEGs were identified between the two groups, and 204 DEGs impacted the survival of NBL. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the DEGs were involved in retinol metabolism, cholesterol metabolism, and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathways. Five RNAs, namely F8A3, PDF, ANKRD24, FAXDC2, and TMEM160 were recruited into the signature. They were correlated with COG risk classification, INSS stage, and histology. MYCN amplification was linked to FAXDC2, TMEM160, PDF, and F8A3. The expression levels of ANKRD24, PDF, and TMEM160 were lower in the hyperdiploid groups. Only FAXDC2 levels were different in the different MKI grades. The ROC curve showed that the five-RNA–based signatures effectively predicted the OS of NBL (3-years AUC = 0.791, 5-years AUC = 0.816) in the TARGET cohort. The predictive capability was also validated by the GSE49711 cohort (3-years AUC = 0.851, 5-years AUC = 0.848). The C-index in the TARGET and GSE49711 cohorts was 0.749 and 0.809, respectively. The potential mechanisms of the five RNAs were also explored via gene set enrichment analysis, and candidate drugs targeting the five genes, including dabrafenib, vemurafenib, and bafetinib, were screened. In conclusion, we constructed a five-RNA–based signature to predict the survival of NBL and screened candidate agents against NBL.
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Affiliation(s)
- PeiPei Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - KeXin Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - XiaoFei Ke
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liu Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - YaJuan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - YouJun Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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22
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Han C, Ge M, Ho PC, Zhang L. Fueling T-cell Antitumor Immunity: Amino Acid Metabolism Revisited. Cancer Immunol Res 2021; 9:1373-1382. [PMID: 34716193 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-21-0459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
T cells are the key players in eliminating malignant tumors. Adoptive transfer of tumor antigen-specific T cells and immune checkpoint blockade has yielded durable antitumor responses in the clinic, but not all patients respond initially and some that do respond eventually have tumor progression. Thus, new approaches to enhance the utility of immunotherapy are needed. T-cell activation and differentiation status are tightly controlled at the transcriptional, epigenetic, and metabolic levels. Amino acids are involved in multiple steps of T-cell antitumor immunity, including T-cell activation, proliferation, effector function, memory formation as well as functional exhaustion. In this review, we briefly discuss how amino acid metabolism is linked to T-cell fate decisions and summarize how amino acid deprivation or accumulation of certain amino acid metabolites within the tumor microenvironment diminishes T-cell functionality. Furthermore, we discuss potential strategies for immunotherapy via modulating amino acid metabolism either in T cells intrinsically or extrinsically to achieve therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenfeng Han
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Minmin Ge
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Ping-Chih Ho
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. .,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lianjun Zhang
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. .,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
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23
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Ren AH, Diamandis EP, Kulasingam V. Uncovering the Depths of the Human Proteome: Antibody-based Technologies for Ultrasensitive Multiplexed Protein Detection and Quantification. Mol Cell Proteomics 2021; 20:100155. [PMID: 34597790 PMCID: PMC9357438 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2021.100155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Probing the human proteome in tissues and biofluids such as plasma is attractive for biomarker and drug target discovery. Recent breakthroughs in multiplex, antibody-based, proteomics technologies now enable the simultaneous quantification of thousands of proteins at as low as sub fg/ml concentrations with remarkable dynamic ranges of up to 10-log. We herein provide a comprehensive guide to the methodologies, performance, technical comparisons, advantages, and disadvantages of established and emerging technologies for the multiplexed ultrasensitive measurement of proteins. Gaining holistic knowledge on these innovations is crucial for choosing the right multiplexed proteomics tool for applications at hand to critically complement traditional proteomics methods. This can bring researchers closer than ever before to elucidating the intricate inner workings and cross talk that spans multitude of proteins in disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie H Ren
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Eleftherios P Diamandis
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Vathany Kulasingam
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
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24
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Lim JJ, Li X, Lehmler HJ, Wang D, Gu H, Cui JY. Gut Microbiome Critically Impacts PCB-induced Changes in Metabolic Fingerprints and the Hepatic Transcriptome in Mice. Toxicol Sci 2021; 177:168-187. [PMID: 32544245 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitously detected and have been linked to metabolic diseases. Gut microbiome is recognized as a critical regulator of disease susceptibility; however, little is known how PCBs and gut microbiome interact to modulate hepatic xenobiotic and intermediary metabolism. We hypothesized the gut microbiome regulates PCB-mediated changes in the metabolic fingerprints and hepatic transcriptome. Ninety-day-old female conventional and germ-free mice were orally exposed to the Fox River Mixture (synthetic PCB mixture, 6 or 30 mg/kg) or corn oil (vehicle control, 10 ml/kg), once daily for 3 consecutive days. RNA-seq was conducted in liver, and endogenous metabolites were measured in liver and serum by LC-MS. Prototypical target genes of aryl hydrocarbon receptor, pregnane X receptor, and constitutive androstane receptor were more readily upregulated by PCBs in conventional conditions, indicating PCBs, to the hepatic transcriptome, act partly through the gut microbiome. In a gut microbiome-dependent manner, xenobiotic, and steroid metabolism pathways were upregulated, whereas response to misfolded proteins-related pathways was downregulated by PCBs. At the high PCB dose, NADP, and arginine appear to interact with drug-metabolizing enzymes (ie, Cyp1-3 family), which are highly correlated with Ruminiclostridium and Roseburia, providing a novel explanation of gut-liver interaction from PCB-exposure. Utilizing the Library of Integrated Network-based Cellular Signatures L1000 database, therapeutics targeting anti-inflammatory and endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways are predicted to be remedies that can mitigate PCB toxicity. Our findings demonstrate that habitation of the gut microbiota drives PCB-mediated hepatic responses. Our study adds knowledge of physiological response differences from PCB exposure and considerations for further investigations for gut microbiome-dependent therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Jongpyo Lim
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Xueshu Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242; and
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242; and
| | - Dongfang Wang
- Arizona Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Nutrition and Health Promotion, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259
| | - Haiwei Gu
- Arizona Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Nutrition and Health Promotion, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259
| | - Julia Yue Cui
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
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25
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Butler M, van der Meer LT, van Leeuwen FN. Amino Acid Depletion Therapies: Starving Cancer Cells to Death. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2021; 32:367-381. [PMID: 33795176 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Targeting tumor cell metabolism is an attractive form of therapy, as it may enhance treatment response in therapy resistant cancers as well as mitigate treatment-related toxicities by reducing the need for genotoxic agents. To meet their increased demand for biomass accumulation and energy production and to maintain redox homeostasis, tumor cells undergo profound changes in their metabolism. In addition to the diversion of glucose metabolism, this is achieved by upregulation of amino acid metabolism. Interfering with amino acid availability can be selectively lethal to tumor cells and has proven to be a cancer specific Achilles' heel. Here we review the biology behind such cancer specific amino acid dependencies and discuss how these vulnerabilities can be exploited to improve cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Butler
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Pediatric Oncology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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26
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Khan A, Gamble LD, Upton DH, Ung C, Yu DMT, Ehteda A, Pandher R, Mayoh C, Hébert S, Jabado N, Kleinman CL, Burns MR, Norris MD, Haber M, Tsoli M, Ziegler DS. Dual targeting of polyamine synthesis and uptake in diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas. Nat Commun 2021; 12:971. [PMID: 33579942 PMCID: PMC7881014 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-20896-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is an incurable malignant childhood brain tumor, with no active systemic therapies and a 5-year survival of less than 1%. Polyamines are small organic polycations that are essential for DNA replication, translation and cell proliferation. Ornithine decarboxylase 1 (ODC1), the rate-limiting enzyme in polyamine synthesis, is irreversibly inhibited by difluoromethylornithine (DFMO). Herein we show that polyamine synthesis is upregulated in DIPG, leading to sensitivity to DFMO. DIPG cells compensate for ODC1 inhibition by upregulation of the polyamine transporter SLC3A2. Treatment with the polyamine transporter inhibitor AMXT 1501 reduces uptake of polyamines in DIPG cells, and co-administration of AMXT 1501 and DFMO leads to potent in vitro activity, and significant extension of survival in three aggressive DIPG orthotopic animal models. Collectively, these results demonstrate the potential of dual targeting of polyamine synthesis and uptake as a therapeutic strategy for incurable DIPG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaminah Khan
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Laura D. Gamble
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Dannielle H. Upton
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Caitlin Ung
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Denise M. T. Yu
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Anahid Ehteda
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Ruby Pandher
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Chelsea Mayoh
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Steven Hébert
- grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 3999 Côte Ste-Catherine Road, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1 Canada
| | - Nada Jabado
- grid.63984.300000 0000 9064 4811Department of Pediatrics, McGill University Health Center, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1 Canada
| | - Claudia L. Kleinman
- grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 3999 Côte Ste-Catherine Road, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1 Canada
| | - Mark R. Burns
- Aminex Therapeutics Inc., Suite #364, 6947 Coal Creek Parkway SE, Newcastle, WA 98059 USA
| | - Murray D. Norris
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052 Australia ,grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Michelle Haber
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052 Australia ,grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Maria Tsoli
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - David S. Ziegler
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052 Australia ,grid.414009.80000 0001 1282 788XKids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children’s Hospital, High St, Randwick, 2031 Australia
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27
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Dey P, Kimmelman AC, DePinho RA. Metabolic Codependencies in the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancer Discov 2021; 11:1067-1081. [PMID: 33504580 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-20-1211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming enables cancer cell growth, proliferation, and survival. This reprogramming is driven by the combined actions of oncogenic alterations in cancer cells and host cell factors acting on cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment. Cancer cell-intrinsic mechanisms activate signal transduction components that either directly enhance metabolic enzyme activity or upregulate transcription factors that in turn increase expression of metabolic regulators. Extrinsic signaling mechanisms involve host-derived factors that further promote and amplify metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells. This review describes intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms driving cancer metabolism in the tumor microenvironment and how such mechanisms may be targeted therapeutically. SIGNIFICANCE: Cancer cell metabolic reprogramming is a consequence of the converging signals originating from both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Intrinsic signaling maintains the baseline metabolic state, whereas extrinsic signals fine-tune the metabolic processes based on the availability of metabolites and the requirements of the cells. Therefore, successful targeting of metabolic pathways will require a nuanced approach based on the cancer's genotype, tumor microenvironment composition, and tissue location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasenjit Dey
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York. .,Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Alec C Kimmelman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Ronald A DePinho
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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28
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Immunotherapy for osteosarcoma: Fundamental mechanism, rationale, and recent breakthroughs. Cancer Lett 2020; 500:1-10. [PMID: 33359211 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignancy of the bone and has a high propensity for local invasion and metastasis. Although combining surgery with chemotherapy has immensely improved the outcomes of osteosarcoma patients, the prognosis of metastatic or recurrent osteosarcomas is still unsatisfactory. Immunotherapy has proven to be a promising therapeutic strategy against human malignancies and improved understanding of the immune response to OS, and biomarker development has increased the number of patients who benefit from immunotherapies in recent years. Here, we review recent advances in immunotherapy in osteosarcoma and discuss the mechanisms and status of immunotherapies in both preclinical and clinical trials as well as future therapies on the horizon. These advances may pave the way for novel treatments requisite for patients with osteosarcoma in need of new therapies.
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29
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Straathof K, Flutter B, Wallace R, Jain N, Loka T, Depani S, Wright G, Thomas S, Cheung GWK, Gileadi T, Stafford S, Kokalaki E, Barton J, Marriott C, Rampling D, Ogunbiyi O, Akarca AU, Marafioti T, Inglott S, Gilmour K, Al-Hajj M, Day W, McHugh K, Biassoni L, Sizer N, Barton C, Edwards D, Dragoni I, Silvester J, Dyer K, Traub S, Elson L, Brook S, Westwood N, Robson L, Bedi A, Howe K, Barry A, Duncan C, Barone G, Pule M, Anderson J. Antitumor activity without on-target off-tumor toxicity of GD2-chimeric antigen receptor T cells in patients with neuroblastoma. Sci Transl Med 2020; 12:eabd6169. [PMID: 33239386 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abd6169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The reprogramming of a patient's immune system through genetic modification of the T cell compartment with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) has led to durable remissions in chemotherapy-refractory B cell cancers. Targeting of solid cancers by CAR-T cells is dependent on their infiltration and expansion within the tumor microenvironment, and thus far, fewer clinical responses have been reported. Here, we report a phase 1 study (NCT02761915) in which we treated 12 children with relapsed/refractory neuroblastoma with escalating doses of second-generation GD2-directed CAR-T cells and increasing intensity of preparative lymphodepletion. Overall, no patients had objective clinical response at the evaluation point +28 days after CAR-T cell infusion using standard radiological response criteria. However, of the six patients receiving ≥108/meter2 CAR-T cells after fludarabine/cyclophosphamide conditioning, two experienced grade 2 to 3 cytokine release syndrome, and three demonstrated regression of soft tissue and bone marrow disease. This clinical activity was achieved without on-target off-tumor toxicity. Targeting neuroblastoma with GD2 CAR-T cells appears to be a valid and safe strategy but requires further modification to promote CAR-T cell longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Straathof
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 1EH, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Barry Flutter
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 1EH, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Rebecca Wallace
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 1EH, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Neha Jain
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Thalia Loka
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Sarita Depani
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Gary Wright
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Simon Thomas
- UCL Cancer Institute, London WC1E 6DD, UK
- Autolus Ltd., London W12 7FP, UK
| | | | - Talia Gileadi
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Sian Stafford
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | | | - Jack Barton
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Clare Marriott
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Dyanne Rampling
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Olumide Ogunbiyi
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | | | | | - Sarah Inglott
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Kimberly Gilmour
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | | | | | - Kieran McHugh
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Lorenzo Biassoni
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Natalie Sizer
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Claire Barton
- Centre for Drug Development, Cancer Research UK, London E20 1JQ, UK
| | - David Edwards
- Centre for Drug Development, Cancer Research UK, London E20 1JQ, UK
| | - Ilaria Dragoni
- Centre for Drug Development, Cancer Research UK, London E20 1JQ, UK
| | - Julie Silvester
- Centre for Drug Development, Cancer Research UK, London E20 1JQ, UK
| | - Karen Dyer
- Centre for Drug Development, Cancer Research UK, London E20 1JQ, UK
| | - Stephanie Traub
- Centre for Drug Development, Cancer Research UK, London E20 1JQ, UK
| | - Lily Elson
- Centre for Drug Development, Cancer Research UK, London E20 1JQ, UK
| | - Sue Brook
- Centre for Drug Development, Cancer Research UK, London E20 1JQ, UK
| | - Nigel Westwood
- Centre for Drug Development, Cancer Research UK, London E20 1JQ, UK
| | - Lesley Robson
- Centre for Drug Development, Cancer Research UK, London E20 1JQ, UK
| | - Ami Bedi
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Karen Howe
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Ailish Barry
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Catriona Duncan
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Giuseppe Barone
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | | | - John Anderson
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 1EH, UK.
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
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30
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Webb ER, Lanati S, Wareham C, Easton A, Dunn SN, Inzhelevskaya T, Sadler FM, James S, Ashton-Key M, Cragg MS, Beers SA, Gray JC. Immune characterization of pre-clinical murine models of neuroblastoma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16695. [PMID: 33028899 PMCID: PMC7541480 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73695-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy offers a potentially less toxic, more tumor-specific treatment for neuroblastoma than conventional cytotoxic therapies. Accurate and reproducible immune competent preclinical models are key to understanding mechanisms of action, interactions with other therapies and mechanisms of resistance to immunotherapy. Here we characterized the tumor and splenic microenvironment of two syngeneic subcutaneous (NXS2 and 9464D), and a spontaneous transgenic (TH-MYCN) murine model of neuroblastoma, comparing histological features and immune infiltrates to previously published data on human neuroblastoma. Histological sections of frozen tissues were stained by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence for immune cell markers and tumor architecture. Tissues were dissociated by enzymatic digestion, stained with panels of antibodies to detect and quantify cancer cells, along with lymphocytic and myeloid infiltration by flow cytometry. Finally, we tested TH-MYCN mice as a feasible model for immunotherapy, using prior treatment with cyclophosphamide to create a therapeutic window of minimal residual disease to favor host immune development. Immune infiltration differed significantly between all the models. TH-MYCN tumors were found to resemble immune infiltration in human tumors more closely than the subcutaneous models, alongside similar GD2 and MHC class I expression. Finally, TH-MYCN transgenic mice were administered cyclophosphamide alone or in combination with an anti-GD2 or anti-4-1BB monoclonal antibody, which resulted in increase in survival in both combination therapies. The TH-MYCN transgenic mouse is a promising in vivo model for testing immunotherapy compounds and combination therapy in a preclinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Webb
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK.,Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Silvia Lanati
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Carol Wareham
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Alistair Easton
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK.,Cellular Pathology, University Hospitals Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.,Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Stuart N Dunn
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Tatyana Inzhelevskaya
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Freja M Sadler
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Sonya James
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Margaret Ashton-Key
- Cellular Pathology, University Hospitals Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Mark S Cragg
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Stephen A Beers
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Juliet C Gray
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK.
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31
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Zheng X, Mansouri S, Krager A, Grimminger F, Seeger W, Pullamsetti SS, Wheelock CE, Savai R. Metabolism in tumour-associated macrophages: a quid pro quo with the tumour microenvironment. Eur Respir Rev 2020; 29:29/157/200134. [PMID: 33004525 PMCID: PMC9488699 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0134-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of death from cancer worldwide. Recent studies demonstrated that the tumour microenvironment (TME) is pivotal for tumour progression, providing multiple targeting opportunities for therapeutic strategies. As one of the most abundant stromal cell types in the TME, tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) exhibit high plasticity. Malignant cells alter their metabolic profiles to adapt to the limited availability of oxygen and nutrients in the TME, resulting in functional alteration of TAMs. The metabolic features of TAMs are strongly associated with their functional plasticity, which further impacts metabolic profiling in the TME and contributes to tumourigenesis and progression. Here, we review the functional determination of the TME by TAM metabolic alterations, including glycolysis as well as fatty acid and amino acid metabolism, which in turn are influenced by environmental changes. Additionally, we discuss metabolic reprogramming of TAMs to a tumouricidal phenotype as a potential antitumoural therapeutic strategy. Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) display a high level of functional plasticity and altered metabolism symbolised by high sensitivity to the surrounding tumour microenvironment. The metabolism of TAMs provides novel therapeutic opportunities to treat cancer.https://bit.ly/31OqHhe
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zheng
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany.,These authors contributed equally
| | - Siavash Mansouri
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany.,These authors contributed equally
| | - Annika Krager
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Friedrich Grimminger
- Dept of Internal Medicine, Member of the DZL, Member of CPI, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Werner Seeger
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Dept of Internal Medicine, Member of the DZL, Member of CPI, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Soni S Pullamsetti
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Dept of Internal Medicine, Member of the DZL, Member of CPI, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Craig E Wheelock
- Division of Physiological Chemistry 2, Dept of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rajkumar Savai
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany .,Dept of Internal Medicine, Member of the DZL, Member of CPI, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.,Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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Gunda V, Pathania AS, Chava S, Prathipati P, Chaturvedi NK, Coulter DW, Pandey MK, Durden DL, Challagundla KB. Amino Acids Regulate Cisplatin Insensitivity in Neuroblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092576. [PMID: 32927667 PMCID: PMC7563727 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Neuroblastomas mostly show poor response to the Cisplatin therapy. Amino acids serve as building blocks for proteins, which are acquired either through diet or protein breakdown. Our study reveals high amino acid pools and dependence of Cisplatin-tolerant neuroblastomas cells on amino acids for their survival, especially, in drug treated conditions. Our study also demonstrates that response of neuroblastomas to Cisplatin can be improved by decreasing cellular amino acid levels either by reducing amino acid supplements or by applying autophagy inhibitor, Hydroxychloroquine. Thus, our findings establish that neuroblastomas can be sensitized to Cisplatin by targeting amino acid metabolism. Abstract Neuroblastoma are pediatric, extracranial malignancies showing alarming survival prognosis outcomes due to their resilience to current aggressive treatment regimens, including chemotherapies with cisplatin (CDDP) provided in the first line of therapy regimens. Metabolic deregulation supports tumor cell survival in drug-treated conditions. However, metabolic pathways underlying cisplatin-resistance are least studied in neuroblastoma. Our metabolomics analysis revealed that cisplatin-insensitive cells alter their metabolism; especially, the metabolism of amino acids was upregulated in cisplatin-insensitive cells compared to the cisplatin-sensitive neuroblastoma cell line. A significant increase in amino acid levels in cisplatin-insensitive cells led us to hypothesize that the mechanisms upregulating intracellular amino acid pools facilitate insensitivity in neuroblastoma. We hereby report that amino acid depletion reduces cell survival and cisplatin-insensitivity in neuroblastoma cells. Since cells regulate their amino acids levels through processes, such as autophagy, we evaluated the effects of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), a terminal autophagy inhibitor, on the survival and amino acid metabolism of cisplatin-insensitive neuroblastoma cells. Our results demonstrate that combining HCQ with CDDP abrogated the amino acid metabolism in cisplatin-insensitive cells and sensitized neuroblastoma cells to sub-lethal doses of cisplatin. Our results suggest that targeting of amino acid replenishing mechanisms could be considered as a potential approach in developing combination therapies for treating neuroblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venugopal Gunda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & The Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (V.G.); (A.S.P.); (S.C.)
| | - Anup S. Pathania
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & The Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (V.G.); (A.S.P.); (S.C.)
| | - Srinivas Chava
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & The Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (V.G.); (A.S.P.); (S.C.)
| | - Philip Prathipati
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki City, Osaka 567-0085, Japan;
| | - Nagendra K. Chaturvedi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (N.K.C.); (D.W.C.)
| | - Don W. Coulter
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (N.K.C.); (D.W.C.)
| | - Manoj K. Pandey
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, 401 South Broadway, Camden, NJ 08103, USA;
| | - Donald L. Durden
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, 3855 Health Science Drive, MC-0815, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;
- SignalRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 8330, Loveland Drive, Omaha, NE 68124, USA
| | - Kishore B. Challagundla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & The Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (V.G.); (A.S.P.); (S.C.)
- The Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-402-559-9032
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33
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Acacetin improves endothelial dysfunction and aortic fibrosis in insulin-resistant SHR rats by estrogen receptors. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:6899-6918. [PMID: 32892299 PMCID: PMC7561596 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05746-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the work was to investigate the effects of acacetin on endothelial dysfunction and aortic fibrosis in insulin-resistant SHR rats and explore its mechanism. Seven-week-old male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were selected to establish a rat model of hypertension with insulin resistance induced by 10% fructose. The nuclear factor kappa B p65 (NF-κB p65) and Collagen I were observed by Immunohistochemistry. Immunofluorescence was used to observe estrogen receptor-alpha (ERα), estrogen receptor-beta (ERβ), and G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30). Western blotting was used to detect interleukin (IL-1β), Arginase 2 (ARG2), Nostrin, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), TGF-β, Smad3, ERK pathway proteins such as p-c-Raf, p-MEK1/2, p-ERK, ERK, p-P90RSK and p-MSK1. We found that acacetin did have an improvement on endothelial dysfunction and fibrosis. Meanwhile, it was also found to have a significant effect on the level of estrogen in this model by accident. Then, the experiment of uterine weight gain in mice confirmed that acacetin had a certain estrogen-like effect in vivo and played its role through the estrogen receptors pathway. In vitro experience HUVEC cells were stimulated with 30 mM/L glucose and 100 mM/L NaCl for 24 h to establish the endothelial cell injury model. HUVEC cells were treated with 1 μM/L estrogen receptors antagonist (ICI 182780) for 30 min before administration. Cell experiments showed that acacetin could reduce the apoptosis of HUVEC cells, the levels of inflammatory cytokines and the expression of TGF-β, Collagen I and Smad3 in endothelial cell injury model. After treatment with ICI 182780, the improvement of acacetin was significantly reversed. The results showed that acacetin relieved endothelial dysfunction and reduced the aortic fibrosis in insulin-resistant SHR rats by reducing the release of inflammatory factors and improving vasodilatory function through estrogen signaling pathway.
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34
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Liu KX, Joshi S. "Re-educating" Tumor Associated Macrophages as a Novel Immunotherapy Strategy for Neuroblastoma. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1947. [PMID: 32983125 PMCID: PMC7493646 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial pediatric tumor and often presents with metastatic disease, and patients with high-risk neuroblastoma have survival rates of ~50%. Neuroblastoma tumorigenesis is associated with the infiltration of various types of immune cells, including myeloid derived suppressor cells, tumor associated macrophages (TAMs), and regulatory T cells, which foster tumor growth and harbor immunosuppressive functions. In particular, TAMs predict poor clinical outcomes in neuroblastoma, and among these immune cells, TAMs with an M2 phenotype comprise an immune cell population that promotes tumor metastasis, contributes to immunosuppression, and leads to failure of radiation or checkpoint inhibitor therapy. This review article summarizes the role of macrophages in tumor angiogenesis, metastasis, and immunosuppression in neuroblastoma and discusses the recent advances in "macrophage-targeting strategies" in neuroblastoma with a focus on three aspects: (1) inhibition of macrophage recruitment, (2) targeting macrophage survival, and (3) reprogramming of macrophages into an immunostimulatory phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin X. Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Shweta Joshi
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, UCSD Rady's Children's Hospital, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
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35
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S. Clemente G, van Waarde A, F. Antunes I, Dömling A, H. Elsinga P. Arginase as a Potential Biomarker of Disease Progression: A Molecular Imaging Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5291. [PMID: 32722521 PMCID: PMC7432485 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Arginase is a widely known enzyme of the urea cycle that catalyzes the hydrolysis of L-arginine to L-ornithine and urea. The action of arginase goes beyond the boundaries of hepatic ureogenic function, being widespread through most tissues. Two arginase isoforms coexist, the type I (Arg1) predominantly expressed in the liver and the type II (Arg2) expressed throughout extrahepatic tissues. By producing L-ornithine while competing with nitric oxide synthase (NOS) for the same substrate (L-arginine), arginase can influence the endogenous levels of polyamines, proline, and NO•. Several pathophysiological processes may deregulate arginase/NOS balance, disturbing the homeostasis and functionality of the organism. Upregulated arginase expression is associated with several pathological processes that can range from cardiovascular, immune-mediated, and tumorigenic conditions to neurodegenerative disorders. Thus, arginase is a potential biomarker of disease progression and severity and has recently been the subject of research studies regarding the therapeutic efficacy of arginase inhibitors. This review gives a comprehensive overview of the pathophysiological role of arginase and the current state of development of arginase inhibitors, discussing the potential of arginase as a molecular imaging biomarker and stimulating the development of novel specific and high-affinity arginase imaging probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo S. Clemente
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (G.S.C.); (A.v.W.); (I.F.A.)
| | - Aren van Waarde
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (G.S.C.); (A.v.W.); (I.F.A.)
| | - Inês F. Antunes
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (G.S.C.); (A.v.W.); (I.F.A.)
| | - Alexander Dömling
- Department of Drug Design, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Philip H. Elsinga
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (G.S.C.); (A.v.W.); (I.F.A.)
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36
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Weis-Banke SE, Hübbe ML, Holmström MO, Jørgensen MA, Bendtsen SK, Martinenaite E, Carretta M, Svane IM, Ødum N, Pedersen AW, Met Ö, Madsen DH, Andersen MH. The metabolic enzyme arginase-2 is a potential target for novel immune modulatory vaccines. Oncoimmunology 2020; 9:1771142. [PMID: 32923127 PMCID: PMC7458644 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2020.1771142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
One way that tumors evade immune destruction is through tumor and stromal cell expression of arginine-degrading enzyme arginase-2 (ARG2). Here we describe the existence of pro-inflammatory effector T-cells that recognize ARG2 and can directly target tumor and tumor-infiltrating cells. Using a library of 34 peptides covering the entire ARG2 sequence, we examined reactivity toward these peptides in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from cancer patients and healthy individuals. Interferon-γ ELISPOT revealed frequent immune responses against several of the peptides, indicating that ARG2–specific self-reactive T-cells are natural components of the human T-cell repertoire. Based on this, the most immunogenic ARG2 protein region was further characterized. By identifying conditions in the microenvironment that induce ARG2 expression in myeloid cells, we showed that ARG2-specific CD4T-cells isolated and expanded from a peripheral pool from a prostate cancer patient could recognize target cells in an ARG2-dependent manner. In the ‘cold’ in vivo tumor model Lewis lung carcinoma, we found that activation of ARG2-specific T-cells by vaccination significantly inhibited tumor growth. Immune-modulatory vaccines targeting ARG2 thus are a candidate strategy for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine Emilie Weis-Banke
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mie Linder Hübbe
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Orebo Holmström
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mia Aaboe Jørgensen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Simone Kloch Bendtsen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Evelina Martinenaite
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark.,IO Biotech ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marco Carretta
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Inge Marie Svane
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Ødum
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Özcan Met
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel Hargbøl Madsen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads Hald Andersen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark.,IO Biotech ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Wang T, Cao L, Dong X, Wu F, De W, Huang L, Wan Q. LINC01116 promotes tumor proliferation and neutrophil recruitment via DDX5-mediated regulation of IL-1β in glioma cell. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:302. [PMID: 32358484 PMCID: PMC7195423 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2506-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) are important inflammatory infiltrating cells in the tumor microenvironment and are closely related to the development of human tumor. However, the underlying mechanism of TANs recruiting to glioma remains unknown. Herein, we identified that LINC01116 was significantly upregulated in glioma, and positively correlated with clinical malignancy and survival prognosis. LINC01116 regulated the progression of glioma in vitro and in vivo. RNA-seq analysis demonstrated that LINC01116 knockdown affected the expression of IL-1β, which promoted glioma proliferation and neutrophil recruitment. Furthermore, the co-culture of glioma cells and neutrophils showed that the accumulation of TANs promoted tumor proliferation via producing a host of cytokines. Mechanistically, LINC01116 activated IL-1β expression by recruiting the transcriptional regulator DDX5 to the IL-1β promoter. Our findings reveal that LINC01116 can promote glioma proliferation and neutrophil recruitment by regulating IL-1β, and may be served as a novel target for glioma therapy and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lihua Cao
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing PuKou Central Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xin Dong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fei Wu
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei De
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lin Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Qi Wan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
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38
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Ramakrishna S, Barsan V, Mackall C. Prospects and challenges for use of CAR T cell therapies in solid tumors. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2020; 20:503-516. [DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2020.1738378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Ramakrishna
- Department of Pediatrics, Bass Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford, USA
| | - Valentin Barsan
- Department of Pediatrics, Bass Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford, USA
| | - Crystal Mackall
- Department of Pediatrics, Bass Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford, USA
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
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39
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Tumor Microenvironment: A Metabolic Player that Shapes the Immune Response. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010157. [PMID: 31881671 PMCID: PMC6982275 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune cells survey and patrol throughout the body and sometimes take residence in niche environments with distinct cellular subtypes and nutrients that may fluctuate from those in which they matured. Rooted in immune cell physiology are metabolic pathways and metabolites that not only deliver substrates and energy for growth and survival, but also instruct effector functions and cell differentiation. Unlike cancer cells, immune cells are not subject to a "Darwinian evolutionary pressure" that would allow them to adapt to developing tumors but are often irrevocably affected to local nutrient deprivation. Thus, immune cells must metabolically adapt to these changing conditions in order to perform their necessary functions. On the other hand, there is now a growing appreciation that metabolic changes occurring in cancer cells can impact on immune cell functionality and contribute to tumor immune evasion, and as such, there is a considerable and growing interest in developing techniques that target metabolism for immunotherapy. In this review, we discuss the metabolic plasticity displayed by innate and adaptive immune cells and highlight how tumor-derived lactate and tumor acidity restrict immunity. To our knowledge, this review outlines the most recent insights on how tumor microenvironment metabolically instructs immune responsiveness.
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40
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Yusuf A, Casey A. Liposomal encapsulation of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) improved nanoparticle uptake and induced redox imbalance to activate caspase-dependent apoptosis. Apoptosis 2019; 25:120-134. [PMID: 31863325 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-019-01584-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages play a crucial role in several diseases' development and progression, such as in cancer and arthritis through ROS generation and inflammation. This makes macrophages a therapeutic target in these diseases. While silver nanoparticles (AgNP) have been widely used as an antibacterial and investigated as anticancer, its potential against macrophages may be limited due to its inherent oxidative mechanism. Here we encapsulated AgNP in a dipalmitoyl-phosphatidyl choline (DPPC) liposome (forming Lipo-AgNP) to suppress AgNP-induced ROS and enhance its cytotoxicity against THP1-differentiated macrophages (TDM). Our findings showed that while Lipo-AgNP had significantly more of a cytotoxic effect on TDMs (p < 0.01), it also significantly suppressed AgNP induced ROS generation and unexpectedly suppressed reduced glutathione (GSH) levels (p < 0.05) resulting in a redox imbalance in comparison to the unexposed control TDMs. Lipo-AgNP was also found to cause an increase DNA damage through H2AX histone phosphorylation and inhibition of Bcl-2 protein expression. This increased the Bax/Bcl2 ratio causing possible release of cytochrome C and subsequent caspase 3/7-dependent apoptosis. It was found that the difference between the mechanism of AgNP and Lipo-AgNP cytotoxicity may have been through the significantly increased Lipo-AgNP uptake by the TDMs as early as 30 min post-exposure (p < 0.05), changing the nanoparticle pharmacokinetic. In conclusion, the improved uptake of AgNP within the liposome caused ROS-independent caspase activation induced by Lipo-AgNP and this was facilitated by increased DNA damage, the induced redox imbalance and an increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azeez Yusuf
- School of Physics, Technological University Dublin, Kevin Street, Dublin 8, Ireland. .,Nanolab Research Centre, FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Kevin Street, Dublin 8, Ireland.
| | - Alan Casey
- School of Physics, Technological University Dublin, Kevin Street, Dublin 8, Ireland.,Nanolab Research Centre, FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Kevin Street, Dublin 8, Ireland
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Lowe MM, Boothby I, Clancy S, Ahn RS, Liao W, Nguyen DN, Schumann K, Marson A, Mahuron KM, Kingsbury GA, Liu Z, Munoz Sandoval P, Rodriguez RS, Pauli ML, Taravati K, Arron ST, Neuhaus IM, Harris HW, Kim EA, Shin US, Krummel MF, Daud A, Scharschmidt TC, Rosenblum MD. Regulatory T cells use arginase 2 to enhance their metabolic fitness in tissues. JCI Insight 2019; 4:129756. [PMID: 31852848 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.129756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Distinct subsets of Tregs reside in nonlymphoid tissues where they mediate unique functions. To interrogate the biology of tissue Tregs in human health and disease, we phenotypically and functionally compared healthy skin Tregs with those in peripheral blood, inflamed psoriatic skin, and metastatic melanoma. The mitochondrial enzyme, arginase 2 (ARG2), was preferentially expressed in Tregs in healthy skin, increased in Tregs in metastatic melanoma, and reduced in Tregs from psoriatic skin. ARG2 enhanced Treg suppressive capacity in vitro and conferred a selective advantage for accumulation in inflamed tissues in vivo. CRISPR-mediated deletion of this gene in primary human Tregs was sufficient to skew away from a tissue Treg transcriptional signature. Notably, the inhibition of ARG2 increased mTOR signaling, whereas the overexpression of this enzyme suppressed it. Taken together, our results suggest that Tregs express ARG2 in human tissues to both regulate inflammation and enhance their metabolic fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ian Boothby
- Department of Dermatology.,Medical Scientist Training Program
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zheng Liu
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Esther A Kim
- Department of Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Uk Sok Shin
- Department of Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
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42
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Fultang L, Panetti S, Ng M, Collins P, Graef S, Rizkalla N, Booth S, Lenton R, Noyvert B, Shannon-Lowe C, Middleton G, Mussai F, De Santo C. MDSC targeting with Gemtuzumab ozogamicin restores T cell immunity and immunotherapy against cancers. EBioMedicine 2019; 47:235-246. [PMID: 31462392 PMCID: PMC6796554 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeting of MDSCs is a major clinical challenge in the era of immunotherapy. Antibodies which deplete MDSCs in murine models can reactivate T cell responses. In humans such approaches have not developed due to difficulties in identifying targets amenable to clinical translation. METHODS RNA-sequencing of M-MDSCs and G-MDSCs from cancer patients was undertaken. Flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry of blood and tumours determined MDSC CD33 expression. MDSCs were treated with Gemtuzumab ozogamicin and internalisation kinetics, and cell death mechanisms determined by flow cytometry, confocal microscopy and electron microscopy. Effects on T cell proliferation and CAR-T cell anti-tumour cytotoxicity were identified in the presence of Gemtuzumab ozogamicin. FINDINGS RNA-sequencing of human M-MDSCs and G-MDSCs identified transcriptomic differences, but that CD33 is a common surface marker. Flow cytometry indicated CD33 expression is higher on M-MDSCs, and CD33+ MDSCs are found in the blood and tumours regardless of cancer subtype. Treatment of human MDSCs leads to Gemtuzumab ozogamicin internalisation, increased p-ATM, and cell death; restoring T cell proliferation. Anti-GD2-/mesothelin-/EGFRvIII-CAR-T cell activity is enhanced in combination with the anti-MDSC effects of Gemtuzumab ozogamicin. INTERPRETATION The study identifies that M-MDSCs and G-MDSCs are transcriptomically different but CD33 is a therapeutic target on peripheral and infiltrating MDSCs across cancer subtypes. The immunotoxin Gemtuzumab ozogamicin can deplete MDSCs providing a translational approach to reactivate T cell and CAR-T cell responses against multiple cancers. In the rare conditions of HLH/MAS gemtuzumab ozogamicin provides a novel anti-myeloid strategy. FUND: This work was supported by Cancer Research UK, CCLG, Treating Children with Cancer, and the alumni and donors to the University of Birmingham.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livingstone Fultang
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Silvia Panetti
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Margaret Ng
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Paul Collins
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Suzanne Graef
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nagy Rizkalla
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sarah Booth
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Richard Lenton
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Boris Noyvert
- CRUK Birmingham Centre and Centre for Computational Biology, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Claire Shannon-Lowe
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Gary Middleton
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Francis Mussai
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Carmela De Santo
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Yang Z, Li H, Wang W, Zhang J, Jia S, Wang J, Wei J, Lei D, Hu K, Yang X. CCL2/CCR2 Axis Promotes the Progression of Salivary Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma via Recruiting and Reprogramming the Tumor-Associated Macrophages. Front Oncol 2019; 9:231. [PMID: 31024838 PMCID: PMC6465613 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The present study investigated the roles and underlying mechanism of CCL2/CCR2 axis in the interactions between tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) during the progression of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC). Methods: Immunohistochemical staining and survival analysis were performed to study the correlation and clinical value of CD68, CD163, CCL2, and CCR2 expression in SACC cases. CCL2 silencing by RNA interference and CCR2 blocking by CCR2 specific antagonist (RS504393) were performed. ELISA, qRT-PCR, western blot, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, CCK8, scratch wound healing, and transwell assays were used to explore the functional roles and possible mechanism of CCL2/CCR2 axis in the interactions between SACC cells and TAMs. The effects of targeting TAMs by blocking the CCL2/CCR2 axis were investigated in a xenograft mice model with SACC cells. Results: The high infiltration of TAMs marked by CD68 and high infiltration of M2 TAMs marked by CD163 were significantly correlated with the expression of CCL2 and CCR2 in SACC tissues. Notably, the high infiltration of TAMs and the overexpression of CCL2 were obviously associated with the clinical progression and poor prognosis of SACC. SACC cells derived CCL2 could activate its receptor CCR2 expression in TAMs in vitro. The in vitro results further indicated that the SACC cells derived CCL2 was involved in the recruitment, M2 polarization, and GDNF expression of TAMs through the CCL2/CCR2 axis. Meanwhile, TAMs derived GDNF promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of SACC cells through the GDNF/p-RET pathway. Treating immunodeficient mice with the CCR2 antagonist (RS504393) greatly inhibited the infiltration of TAMs and the tumorigenicity of SACC cells. Conclusion: These new findings indicated that the CCL2/CCR2 axis promoted the progression of SACC cells via recruiting and reprogramming TAMs. Targeting TAMs by blocking the CCL2/CCR2 axis might be a prospective strategy for SACC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weiqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sen Jia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianhua Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Delin Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kaijin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinjie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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