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Díaz-Fabregat B, Delbem ACB, Ramírez-Carmona W, Capalbo LC, Báez-Quintero LC, Wiegand A, Monteiro DR, Pessan JP. Low-fluoride gels supplemented with nano-sized sodium trimetaphosphate reduce dentin erosive wear in vitro. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 163:105973. [PMID: 38669744 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.105973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study assessed the effect of low-fluoride gels supplemented with micrometric or nano-sized sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) on dentin erosive wear in vitro. DESIGN Bovine dentin blocks (n = 154) were selected by surface microhardness and randomly allocated into seven groups (n = 22/group), according to the gels: Placebo; 4500 ppm F (4500F); 9000 ppm F (9000F); 5% TMP microparticulate plus 4500F (5TMPm+4500F); 2.5% TMP nanoparticulate plus 4500 F (2.5TMPn+4500F); 5% TMP nanoparticulate plus 4500F (5TMPn+4500F); and 12,300 ppm F acid gel (APF). All blocks were treated only once for 60 s and cyclically eroded (ERO, citric acid, 4 × 90 s/day) or eroded and brushed (4 × 15 s/day, five strokes/s, ERO+ABR) over five days (each subgroup n = 11). Dentin wear and integrated hardness loss in depth (ΔKHN) were determined, and the data were submitted to two-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's test, and Spearman's correlation (p < 0.05). RESULTS For ERO, all gels containing 4500F supplemented with TMP significantly reduced dentin wear compared with their counterpart without TMP, reaching values similar to 9000F. For ERO+ABR, 5TMPn+ 4500F gel led to significantly lower wear than all its counterparts, reaching values similar to 9000F and APF. As for ΔKHN, all gels containing TMP promoted superior protective effects compared with 4500F, reaching values similar to 9000F and APF under both challenges. A positive correlation between dentin wear and mineral content in depth was verified. CONCLUSIONS Gels containing 4500F supplemented with TMP significantly reduced dentin erosive wear compared with pure 4500F, with additional benefit from the use of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Díaz-Fabregat
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), SP, Brazil
| | - Alberto Carlos Botazzo Delbem
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), SP, Brazil
| | - Wilmer Ramírez-Carmona
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), SP, Brazil
| | - Letícia Cabrera Capalbo
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), SP, Brazil
| | - Liliana Carolina Báez-Quintero
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), SP, Brazil
| | - Annette Wiegand
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Douglas Roberto Monteiro
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (UNESP), SP, Brazil
| | - Juliano Pelim Pessan
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), SP, Brazil.
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Chawhuaveang DD, Mei ML, Chu CH, Yu OY. Preventive dental erosion with silver diamine fluoride: An in vitro study. J Dent 2024; 145:105022. [PMID: 38670330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the erosion preventive effect of 38 % silver diamine fluoride (SDF) solution in enamel and dentin of human permanent teeth. METHODS Ninety enamel and ninety dentin blocks were prepared from permanent molars and allocated into three groups. Gp-SDF received a one-off application of 38 % SDF solution. Gp-SNF received a one-off application of a solution containing 800 ppm stannous chloride and 500 ppm fluoride. Gp-DW received a one-off application of deionized water. The blocks were submitted to acid challenge at pH 3.2, 2 min, 5 times/day for 7 days. All blocks were immersed in human saliva between cycles for one hour. The crystal characteristics, percentage of surface microhardness loss (%SMHL), surface loss, and elemental analysis and surface morphology were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), microhardness test, non-contact profilometry, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Data of%SMHL and surface loss were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. RESULTS XRD spectra revealed that fluorapatite and silver compounds formed in Gp-SDF, while fluorapatite and stannous compounds formed in Gp-SNF. Gp-DW presented only hydroxyapatite. The median (interquartile range) of%SMHL in Gp-SDF, Gp-SNF and Gp-DW were 27.86(3.66), 43.41(2.45), and 46.40(3.54) in enamel (p< 0.001), and 14.21(1.57), 27.99(1.95), and 33.18(1.73) in dentin, respectively (p < 0.001). The mean (standard deviation, μm) of surface loss of Gp-SDF, Gp-SNF, and Gp-DW were 2.81(0.59), 4.28(0.67), and 4.63(0.64) in enamel (p < 0.001) and 4.13(0.69), 6.04(0.61), and 7.72(0.66) in dentin, respectively (p < 0.001). SEM images exhibited less enamel corruption and more dentinal tubular occlusion in Gp-SDF compared to Gp-SNF and Gp-DW. EDS analysis showed silver was detected in Gp-SDF while stannous was detected in the dentin block of Gp-SNF. CONCLUSION 38 % SDF yielded superior results in protecting enamel and dentin blocks from dental erosion compared to SNF and DW. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Topical application of 38 % SDF is effective in preventing dental erosion in human enamel and dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Dhananthat Chawhuaveang
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 3B12 Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions of China
| | - May Lei Mei
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 3B12 Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions of China; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 3B12 Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions of China
| | - Ollie Yiru Yu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 3B12 Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions of China.
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Romano LK, Soares EJ, Alves Amorim A, Geng Vivanco R, Pires-de-Souza FDCP. Effect of natural agents on the bond strength to eroded dentin. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2024; 36:770-777. [PMID: 38014602 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the effect of bromelain and propolis extract on the bond strength (BS) of a universal adhesive system to eroded dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty human molars with exposed dentin were halved, with one half protected by composite resin and the other subjected to erosive treatment followed by remineralization. After the erosive treatment, the composite resin was removed, and the teeth were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 20): Adhesive-Control System; Br-10%; Pr-16%. Following the treatments, composite resin blocks were built on the dentin surfaces and sticks of 0.9 mm2 were obtained and stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 h and 6 months. After these periods, the sticks underwent bond strength testing and the data were analyzed using 2-way ANOVA, Bonferroni test, p < 0.05. Fracture patterns were observed using light microscope and scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS Irrespective of the substrate and aging duration, propolis demonstrated higher BS (p < 0.05) compared to the other treatments. Eroded dentin exhibited greater removal of the smear layer and dentinal tubules with a larger diameter than sound dentin, especially when treated with bromelain, resulting in the formation of resin tags. CONCLUSIONS Propolis consistently promoted the highest bond strength, irrespective of aging or substrate. Eroded dentin treated with propolis, or bromelain exhibited a higher prevalence of non-adhesive fractures and resin tag formation. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Propolis shows promise for enhancing the longevity of adhesive restorations in eroded dentin due to its ability to promote high bond strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laryssa Karla Romano
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Eduardo José Soares
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Ayodele Alves Amorim
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Rocio Geng Vivanco
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Rius-Bonet O, Roca-Obis P, Zamora-Olave C, Willaert E, Martinez-Gomis J. Diagnostic accuracy of clinical signs to detect erosive tooth wear in its early phase. J Oral Rehabil 2024; 51:861-869. [PMID: 38186266 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Agreement exists about most of the clinical features of erosive tooth wear, though no evidence supports their validity in diagnosing the condition. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the accuracy of clinical signs for diagnosing erosive tooth wear in a young adult general population. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of dental students. In the first session, two examiners independently determined the presence of erosive tooth wear based on glazed enamel surfaces, morphological changes on non-occlusal surfaces, flattening of convex areas, or any type of concavity. In the second session, one examiner recorded the presence of clinical signs according to the Tooth Wear Evaluation System. The diagnostic accuracy of each clinical sign, both alone and combined, was assessed by calculating their sensitivity and specificity for detecting erosive tooth wear and performing multivariate logistic regression models. RESULTS Of the 147 participants (78 women and 69 men; median age, 22 years) we included, 76.2% had erosive tooth wear. The single clinical signs with greatest balance between the sensitivity and specificity were 'convex areas flatten' (63% and 71%, respectively) and 'dull surface' (47% and 89%, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that 'preservation of the enamel cuff' (odds ratio, 22) and the combination of 'smooth silky shining, silky glazed appearance, and dull surface' (odds ratio, 68) had the best predictive values. CONCLUSIONS The most accurate clinical signs for detecting early erosive tooth wear were dull surface, flattened convex areas and preservation of the enamel cuff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ona Rius-Bonet
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Paula Roca-Obis
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Carla Zamora-Olave
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Oral Health and Masticatory System Group (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute) IDIBELL, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Eva Willaert
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Oral Health and Masticatory System Group (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute) IDIBELL, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Martinez-Gomis
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Oral Health and Masticatory System Group (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute) IDIBELL, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Memarpour M, Jafari S, Rafiee A, Alizadeh M, Vossoughi M. Protective effect of various toothpastes and mouthwashes against erosive and abrasive challenge on eroded dentin: an in vitro study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9387. [PMID: 38653765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59631-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to compare various toothpastes and mouthwashes on permanent tooth dentin after erosive and abrasive challenges. 130 sound premolars dentin were randomly submitted to an initial erosive challenge and a cycle of erosive and abrasive challenges for five days. The five experimental groups (n = 26) were: (1) Control group (artificial saliva), (2) Elmex erosion protection toothpaste and mouthwash, (3) Vitis anticaries biorepair toothpaste and mouthwash, (4) Oral B Pro-expert toothpaste and Oral B Fluorinse mouthwash, and (5) MI Paste ONE toothpaste and Caphosol mouthwash. Microhardness, surface roughness values, and the topographical characteristics of the dentin surface were assessed. The highest percentage of recovered dentin microhardness (%RDMH) value was observed in groups 2 and 4, followed by groups 5 and 3, respectively. The %RDMH values in groups 2 and 4 did not demonstrate a significant difference (p = 0.855). The highest percentage of improvement in surface roughness was recorded in groups 2 and 4, with no significant differences (p = 0.989). The atomic force microscopy (AFM) findings were consistent with the surface roughness data. The best recovery of dentin microhardness and roughness were measured with the Elmex and Oral B toothpaste and mouthwash, followed by MI Paste ONE toothpaste and Caphosol mouthwash and Vitis anticaries biorepair toothpaste and mouthwash.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahtab Memarpour
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saba Jafari
- Student Research Committee, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Azade Rafiee
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Marzieh Alizadeh
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Vossoughi
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychological Health Research Institute (PHPRI), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Polyakova M, Egiazaryan A, Doroshina V, Zaytsev A, Malashin A, Babina K, Novozhilova N. The Effect of Oral Care Foams and a Spray on Salivary pH Changes after Exposure to Acidic Beverages in Young Adults. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:93. [PMID: 38668005 PMCID: PMC11049306 DOI: 10.3390/dj12040093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Soft drinks may have a deleterious effect on dental health due to a high titratable acidity and a low pH that could be sufficient to induce tooth demineralization. The use of oral care products immediately after acidic challenge may diminish the erosive potential of soft drinks. We assessed the effect of oral care foams and a spray on salivary pH changes after exposure to Coca-Cola® in young adults. Thirty-three consenting eligible patients were recruited in this double-blind, randomized, crossover study performed in six visits. Baseline examination included unstimulated salivary flow rate, stimulated salivary buffer capacity, and the simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S) assessment. Salivary pH and time for pH recovery were registered after exposure to Coca-Cola® alone or that followed by the application of each of the studied products (an oral foam containing hydroxyapatite and probiotics, an oral foam containing amino fluoride, an alkaline oral spray, and tap water). Thirty-two patients completed the entire study protocol and were included in the final analysis. The mean minimum salivary pH and the mean oral clearance rate after rinsing with Coca-Cola® were 6.3 and 27 min, respectively. Further rinsing with any one of the tested solutions, including tap water, resulted in a significant improvement in these parameters. When the pH curves were plotted, the oral care products demonstrated a lower area under the curve that differed significantly from the area under the curve for Coca-Cola®; tap water did not differ significantly from Coca-Cola® and oral care products. Minimum salivary pH correlated positively with salivary buffer capacity and salivation rate, while salivary clearance correlated with OHI-S plaque scores. In conclusion, the effect of oral care foams and a spray on minimum salivary pH and salivary clearance after exposure to Coca-Cola® did not differ significantly among the tested products and tap water. Trial registration NCT06148662. Funding: none.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Polyakova
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.P.); (A.E.); (V.D.); (N.N.)
| | - Anna Egiazaryan
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.P.); (A.E.); (V.D.); (N.N.)
| | - Vladlena Doroshina
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.P.); (A.E.); (V.D.); (N.N.)
| | - Alexandr Zaytsev
- Institute of Linguistics and Intercultural Communication, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | | | - Ksenia Babina
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.P.); (A.E.); (V.D.); (N.N.)
| | - Nina Novozhilova
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.P.); (A.E.); (V.D.); (N.N.)
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Satou R, Sugihara N. In Vitro Risk Assessment of Dental Acid Erosion Caused by Long-Term Exposure to Oral Liquid Bandages. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:70. [PMID: 38534294 DOI: 10.3390/dj12030070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral mucosa inflammation can cause severe pain and interfere with eating, reducing quality of life. However, few options for self-care are available. An oral liquid bandage forms a protective film over the affected area. We aimed to assess the acid erosion risk when a newly developed oral liquid bandage (ORAPLA) is accidentally deposited on teeth and to examine the relative acid erosion risk at multiple time points of the maximum recommended duration of continuous use. ORAPLA was applied to both enamel and dentin blocks from 45 bovine anterior mandibular teeth, and an acid challenge was performed in a simulated oral cavity with artificial saliva, with one exposure cycle lasting 6 h. The enamel showed substantial defects and a decrease in Vickers hardness after nine cycles, with no change in surface roughness. Dentin showed an increase in parenchymal defects and surface roughness and a trend toward decreased Vickers hardness with increasing exposure time. We found no significant acid corrosion in enamel after up to nine times the upper limit of normal use time or in dentin after up to six times the upper limit. We conclude that the acid erosion risk due to accidental attachment to teeth is low, and in the human oral cavity with salivary buffering and remineralization, likely even lower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryouichi Satou
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Naoki Sugihara
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
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Chatzidimitriou K, Seremidi K, Kloukos D, Gizani S, Papaioannou W. The role of calcium in the prevention of erosive tooth wear: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Evid Based Dent 2024; 25:55. [PMID: 38200328 DOI: 10.1038/s41432-023-00966-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The loss of hard dental tissue due to recurrent acid challenges and mechanical stresses without bacterial involvement is known as erosive tooth wear (ETW). Many studies in the literature have concentrated on variables that may affect the ETW process and prevent its occurrence or reduce its advancement. However, to date, no previous systematic review has evaluated the role of calcium in preventing ETW. Therefore, the purpose of the present systematic review was to review and critically appraise the scientific evidence regarding the role of calcium formulations in the prevention of ETW. METHODS The review protocol was registered in the PROSPERO international prospective register of systematic reviews (Ref: CRD42021229819). A literature search was conducted in electronic databases to identify in situ randomized controlled trials evaluating the prevention of ETW following the application of calcium formulations. The outcomes studied included mean enamel loss, surface microhardness, surface roughness, mean erosion/softening depth, mineral loss/precipitation and remineralization. Study characteristics and outcomes of included studies were summarized. Cochrane's risk-of-bias tool 2.0 was used to assess the quality of eligible studies, and meta-analysis using a random effects model was performed. RESULTS The search retrieved 869 studies of which 21 were considered eligible. Regarding the results of the quality assessment for potential risk of bias in all included studies, overall, 5 studies were considered as being at low risk, another 12 at unclear risk and 4 at high risk of bias. The findings of the studies showed that the addition of calcium in juice drinks led to reduced enamel loss, with blackcurrant juice presenting 2.6 times statistically significant less enamel loss compared to orange juice (p = 0.0001, I2 = 89%). No statistically significant difference in mean surface microhardness of eroded enamel was recorded between chewing gum with or without casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) (p = 0.31, I2 = 71%). Contradictory were the results regarding the effect of milk and CPP-ACP pastes on prevention of ETW. CONCLUSIONS Calcium formulations play an important role in ETW prevention, mainly through their addition to acidic drinks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Chatzidimitriou
- Department of Preventive & Community Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Dentistry, 2 Thivon Str, 115 27, Goudi, Athens, Greece.
| | - Kyriaki Seremidi
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Dentistry, 2 Thivon Str, 115 27, Goudi, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Kloukos
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, CH-3012, Hochschulstrasse 4, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sotiria Gizani
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Dentistry, 2 Thivon Str, 115 27, Goudi, Athens, Greece
| | - William Papaioannou
- Department of Preventive & Community Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Dentistry, 2 Thivon Str, 115 27, Goudi, Athens, Greece
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Schestakow A, Rasputnis W, Hannig M. Effect of Polyphenols on the Ultrastructure of the Dentin Pellicle and Subsequent Erosion. Caries Res 2024; 58:81-89. [PMID: 38198764 PMCID: PMC10997275 DOI: 10.1159/000536199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Erosive tooth wear is a highly prevalent dental condition that is modified by the ever-present salivary pellicle. The aim of the present in situ study was to investigate the effect of polyphenols on the ultrastructure of the pellicle formed on dentin in situ and a subsequent erosive challenge. METHODS The pellicle was formed on bovine dentin specimens for 3 min or 2 h in 3 subjects. After subjects rinsed with sterile water (negative control), 1% tannic acid, 1% hop extract, or tin/fluoride solution containing 800 ppm tin and 500 ppm fluoride (positive control), specimens were removed from the oral cavity. The erosive challenge was performed on half of the specimens with 1% citric acid, and all specimens were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. Incorporation of tannic acid in the pellicle was investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy. RESULTS Compared to the negative control, ultrastructural analyses reveal a thicker and electron-denser pellicle after application of polyphenols, in which, according to spectroscopy, tannic acid is also incorporated. Application of citric acid resulted in demineralization of dentin, but to a lesser degree when the pellicle was pretreated with a tin/fluoride solution. The pellicle was more acid-resistant than the negative control when modified with polyphenols or tin/fluoride solution. CONCLUSION Polyphenols can have a substantial impact on the ultrastructure and acid resistance of the dentin pellicle, while the tin/fluoride solution showed explicit protection against erosive demineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Schestakow
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Wadim Rasputnis
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
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Yang Y, Inoue G, Hosaka K, Tichy A, Ikeda M, Tagami J, Shimada Y. The Effect of a Deproteinizing Pretreatment on the Bonding Performance and Acid Resistance of a Two-step Self-etch Adhesive on Eroded Dentin. Oper Dent 2024; 49:65-75. [PMID: 38019217 DOI: 10.2341/23-005-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study evaluated how deproteinization using sodium hypochlorite (6% NaOCl) or hypochlorous acid (50 ppm HOCl) with or without the subsequent use of an arylsulfinate salt-containing agent (Clearfil DC Activator; DCA; Kuraray Noritake Dental) affects the micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) and formation of an acid-base resistant zone (ABRZ) of a two-step self-etch adhesive on eroded dentin. METHODS Coronal dentin surfaces of sound human molars were exposed to 48 cycles of demineralization (1% citric acid; 5 minutes) and remineralization (buffer solution with pH=6.4; 3.5 hours). They were then assigned to experimental groups according to the pretreatment used: none (negative control), NaOCl, NaOCl+DCA, HOCl, and HOCl+DCA. Sound dentin surfaces with no pretreatment were used as a positive control. The dentin surfaces were bonded with Clearfil SE Bond 2 (Kuraray Noritake Dental), and μTBS was measured either after 24 hours or 20,000 thermal cycles (TC). The μTBS data were statistically analyzed using a mixed-model analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-tests with Bonferroni correction. Failure mode was determined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which was also used for the observation of ABRZ. RESULTS Among experimental groups, there was no significant difference between the negative control, HOCl, and HOCl+DCA after 24 hours, but the HOCl-pretreated groups exhibited significantly higher μTBS than the negative control after TC (p<0.01). Pretreatment with NaOCl and NaOCl+DCA resulted in significantly higher μTBS (p<0.001), but the highest μTBS was measured on sound dentin (p<0.001). TC decreased μTBS significantly in all groups (p<0.001) except for sound dentin and NaOCl+DCA (p>0.05). Adhesive failures prevailed in eroded groups, whereas cohesive failures were predominant on sound dentin. ABRZ was recognized in all groups but marked morphological differences were observed. CONCLUSIONS The combined use of 6% NaOCl and the arylsulfinate salt-containing agent partially reversed the compromised bonding performance on eroded dentin, while the effect of 50 ppm HOCl was negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yang
- Yi Yang, DDS, PhD student, Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - G Inoue
- *Go Inoue, DDS, PhD, Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Hosaka
- Keiichi Hosaka, DDS, PhD, Department of Regenerative Dental Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - A Tichy
- Antonin Tichy, DDS, PhD, Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Institute of Dental Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine of the Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Ikeda
- Masaomi Ikeda, DDS, PhD, Department of Oral Prosthetic Engineering, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Tagami
- Junji Tagami, DDS, PhD, Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Y Shimada
- Yasushi Shimada, DDS, PhD, Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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11
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Inchingolo F, Dipalma G, Azzollini D, Trilli I, Carpentiere V, Hazballa D, Bordea IR, Palermo A, Inchingolo AD, Inchingolo AM. Advances in Preventive and Therapeutic Approaches for Dental Erosion: A Systematic Review. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:274. [PMID: 38132412 PMCID: PMC10742734 DOI: 10.3390/dj11120274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This review discusses both preventive measures and clinically implemented therapy procedures that have been developed recently for the prevention and treatment of tooth erosion. METHODS The databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were used for a thorough search. Studies on the prevention and treatment of dental erosion that were conducted in English and used in vitro were among the inclusion criteria. RESULTS The search turned up 391 papers in total, with 34 of those publications matching the requirements for inclusion. Varnishes, toothpastes, and solutions containing fluoride and other substances were used as preventive measures. CONCLUSIONS Dental erosion is a significant issue, and taking preventative steps is crucial to lessening the disease's spread and its effects. Interventions based on fluoride seem to be successful at halting erosion and encouraging remineralization. To effectively address severe tooth erosion, therapeutic methods, including composite restorations, prosthetic crowns, and veneers, are available. Dental erosion causes aesthetic and functional issues that are best addressed with less invasive treatments like direct composite restorations. To improve and broaden the range of available treatments for this common dental issue, additional research and development are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Inchingolo
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine D.I.M., University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.D.); (D.A.); (I.T.); (V.C.); (D.H.); (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Gianna Dipalma
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine D.I.M., University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.D.); (D.A.); (I.T.); (V.C.); (D.H.); (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Daniela Azzollini
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine D.I.M., University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.D.); (D.A.); (I.T.); (V.C.); (D.H.); (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Irma Trilli
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine D.I.M., University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.D.); (D.A.); (I.T.); (V.C.); (D.H.); (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Vincenzo Carpentiere
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine D.I.M., University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.D.); (D.A.); (I.T.); (V.C.); (D.H.); (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Denisa Hazballa
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine D.I.M., University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.D.); (D.A.); (I.T.); (V.C.); (D.H.); (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Ioana Roxana Bordea
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrea Palermo
- College of Medicine and Dentistry Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B4 6BN, UK;
| | - Alessio Danilo Inchingolo
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine D.I.M., University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.D.); (D.A.); (I.T.); (V.C.); (D.H.); (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Angelo Michele Inchingolo
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine D.I.M., University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.D.); (D.A.); (I.T.); (V.C.); (D.H.); (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.)
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12
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Weerapol Y, Manmuan S, Chuenbarn T, Limmatvapirat S, Tubtimsri S. Nanoemulsion-Based Orodispersible Film Formulation of Guava Leaf Oil for Inhibition of Oral Cancer Cells. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2631. [PMID: 38004609 PMCID: PMC10675713 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Among natural sources, guava leaf oil (GLO) has emerged as a potential anticancer agent. However, its limited water solubility poses a significant challenge for its use. Oil-in-water nanoemulsions are used to address the limitation of water solubility of GLO prior to its incorporation into orodipersible films. Nanoemulsions containing GLO:virgin coconut oil (VCO) at a ratio of 50:50 to 70:30 presented a small droplet size of approximately 50 nm and a relatively low zeta potential. GLO:VCO at a ratio of 70:30 was selected for incorporation into sodium alginate film at various concentrations ranging from 1% to 30% w/w. Tensile strength and elongation at break relied on the concentration of nanoemulsions as well as the internal structure of films. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that GLO was compatible with sodium alginate. Film containing 2% w/w of nanoemulsions (2G_ODF) exhibited effective in vitro antioral cancer activity, with an IC50 of 62.49 ± 6.22 mg/mL; furthermore, its anticancer activity showed no significant difference after storage at 25 °C for 1 year. Moreover, 2G_ODF at IC60 arrested colony formation and cell invasion. There is also evidence that cell death occurred via apoptosis, as indicated by nuclear fragmentation and positive Annexin-V staining. These findings highlight the potential of orodispersible films containing GLO nanoemulsions as a prospective oral anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yotsanan Weerapol
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand; (Y.W.); (S.M.); (T.C.)
| | - Suwisit Manmuan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand; (Y.W.); (S.M.); (T.C.)
| | - Tiraniti Chuenbarn
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand; (Y.W.); (S.M.); (T.C.)
| | - Sontaya Limmatvapirat
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand;
| | - Sukannika Tubtimsri
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand; (Y.W.); (S.M.); (T.C.)
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13
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Surarit R, Jiradethprapai K, Lertsatira K, Chanthongthiti J, Teanchai C, Horsophonphong S. Erosive potential of vitamin waters, herbal drinks, carbonated soft drinks, and fruit juices on human teeth: An in vitro investigation. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2023; 17:129-135. [PMID: 38023803 PMCID: PMC10676538 DOI: 10.34172/joddd.2023.40413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dental erosion is the loss of dental hard tissues through the acid dissolution of tooth minerals. One of the major factors that cause erosion is the consumption of acidic food and drinks. This study investigated and compared the effect of vitamin waters, herbal beverages, carbonated soft drinks, and fruit juices on the loss of human dental hard tissue. Methods Human tooth samples were immersed in various drinks: vitamin waters, herbal beverages, carbonated soft drinks, and fruit juices. The pH value of each drink was measured using a pH meter. The weight of each sample was determined before and after six days of immersion in the tested drink, and the weight loss percentage was calculated. The exposed tooth surfaces were also examined under a scanning electron microscope. Results Most of the tested drinks were acidic and displayed pH values lower than the critical pH for enamel erosion. Significant weight loss of the tooth samples was found in all tested drink groups. Additionally, the samples immersed in fruit juices and herbal beverages exhibited significantly greater weight loss than those immersed in carbonated soft drinks. Scanning electron micrographs showed samples immersed in the tested drinks to demonstrate structural disintegration with occasional void spaces, except for samples immersed in Doi Kham® Lemongrass drink. Conclusion Most of the tested drinks have the potential to cause dissolution and destruction of dental hard tissues. Consumers should be aware that prolonged exposure to these drinks could lead to permanent loss of tooth mineral and dental erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudee Surarit
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Faculty of Dentistry, Siam University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Kanyakorn Lertsatira
- Undergraduate Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Chayada Teanchai
- Research Office, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sivaporn Horsophonphong
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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14
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Lu D, Li F, Zhao C, Ye Y, Zhang X, Yang P, Zhang X. A Remineralizing and Antibacterial Coating for Arresting Caries. J Dent Res 2023; 102:1315-1325. [PMID: 37697863 DOI: 10.1177/00220345231189992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is a dynamic disease induced by the unbalance between demineralization of dental hard tissues caused by biofilm and remineralization of them; however, although various effective remineralization methods have been well documented, it is a challenge to reestablish the balance by enhancing remineralization alone while ignoring the antibacterial therapy. Therefore, the integration of remineralizing and antibacterial technologies offers a promising strategy to halt natural caries progression in clinical practice. Here, the conception of interrupting dental caries (IDC) was proposed based on the development of dual-functional coating with remineralizing and antibacterial properties. In this study, bovine serum albumin (BSA) loaded octenidine (OCT) successfully to form a BSA-OCT composite. Subsequently, through fast amyloid-like aggregation, the phase-transited BSA-OCT (PTB-OCT) coating can be covered on teeth, resin composite, or sealant surfaces in 30 min by a simple smearing process. The PTB-OCT coating showed satisfactory effects in promoting the remineralization of demineralized enamel and dentin in vitro. Moreover, this coating also exerted significant acid-resistance stability and anti-biofilm properties. Equally importantly, this coating exhibited promising abilities in reducing the microleakage between the tooth and resin composite in vitro and preventing primary and secondary caries in vivo. In conclusion, this novel dual-functional PTB-OCT coating could reestablish the balance between demineralization and remineralization in the process of caries, thereby potentially preventing or arresting caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lu
- School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - F Li
- School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - C Zhao
- School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Y Ye
- School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - X Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - P Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - X Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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15
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Wendlinger M, Cardenas AFM, Figueredo de Siqueira FS, Moreira PHDA, Trovão MMA, Stape THS, Tezvergil-Mutluay A, Loguercio AD. Does the application of dimethyl sulfoxide improve resin bonding to eroded dentine? Four-year in vitro evaluation. Dent Mater 2023; 39:1051-1057. [PMID: 37793951 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) and nanoleakage (NL) of universal adhesives on eroded dentine, immediately and after four years of water storage. METHODS Sixty-four sound human molars were distributed into 16 groups according to (1) Dentine surface (sound and eroded dentine); (2) dimethyl sulfoxide application (with or without); (3) Application mode (etch-and-rinse or self-etch) and (4) Storage time (immediate and four years). One mild universal adhesive was used (Scotchbond Universal). The restoration was then performed with a composite resin and the specimens were sectioned into resin-dentine bonded sticks. Resin-dentine bonded sticks were tested (immediately and after four years of water storage) for µTBS (0.5 mm/min) or used to assess NL. Data on μTBS and NL were analyzed using four-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). RESULTS Only the 3-way cross-product interaction 'substrate vs DMSO vs time' was statistically significant (p = 0.007). Eroded dentine showed a lower mean of µTBS and a higher mean of NL values than sound dentine. However, when DMSO was applied, no significant decrease of μTBS or NL values was observed after four years of water storage, regardless of adhesive strategies, or dentine evaluated, when compared to immediate results. SIGNIFICANCE Water-based DMSO pre-treatments not only prevent degradation of MDP-containing simplified adhesives but also serve as a potential alternative to improve long-term bonding properties to eroded dentine. The versatility of using a single pre-treatment for both self-etch or etch-and-rinse bonding to eroded dentin may facilitate future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Wendlinger
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Bloco M, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Milena Maria Andrade Trovão
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ceuma University, R. Anapurus 1, Renascença II, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Thiago Henrique Scarabello Stape
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Cariology, Adhesive Dentistry Research Group, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, and Turku University Hospital, TYKS, Turku, Finland
| | - Arzu Tezvergil-Mutluay
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Cariology, Adhesive Dentistry Research Group, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, and Turku University Hospital, TYKS, Turku, Finland
| | - Alessandro D Loguercio
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Bloco M, Ponta Grossa, Brazil.
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Palhari FTL, Almeida LDM, Liporoni PCS, Hilgert LA, Zanatta RF. Influence of the combined effect of desensitizing dentifrices and universal adhesives on dentin bond strength under erosive conditions. J Appl Oral Sci 2023; 31:e20230224. [PMID: 37909528 PMCID: PMC10609650 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2023-0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate whether the use of desensitizing dentifrices containing obliterating agents can affect bond strength of eroded/abraded dentin. METHODOLOGY A total of 100 dentin samples were obtained from human molars. The teeth were cut into 3 mm-thickness discs and allocated in five groups (n=20), according to the toothpaste used: WoF - abrasion with fluoride-free toothpaste (Cocoricó); Arg - toothpaste containing arginine (Colgate Sensitive Pro-Relief); Nov - calcium sodium phosphosilicate toothpaste (Sensodyne Repair and Protect); SnF - fluoride-containing toothpaste (AmF/SnCl2/SnF2 - Elmex Erosion); and Control (no erosive/abrasive process). The erosive/abrasive cycle consisted of immersion in citric acid (1%, pH 2.6, 5 min, 4×/day) and abrasion (2×/day, 120-20 sec abrasion, 100 sec immersion) with each toothpaste. During intervals, samples were immersed in artificial saliva. This cycle was performed for five days. Two resin cylinders (2 mm in diameter) were constructed on each sample for the shear bond strength test using a universal adhesive system. The self-etch and etch-and-rinse (Scotchbond Universal) strategies were employed, each in half of the total sample (n=10). Bond strength (MPa) was measured in a shear test and failure modes were assessed with a stereomicroscope. Statistical analysis was performed using the two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey tests (p<0.05). RESULTS A statistically significant difference was found between the adhesive strategies tested (p<0.001), with the self-etching form showing higher values than the etch-and-rinse. Moreover, no significant differences were observed between the tested toothpastes (p=0.750) and interactions (p=0.438). CONCLUSION The use of toothpaste containing obliterating agents does not affect bond strength to dentin subjected to erosive/abrasive conditions when a universal adhesive is used. However, the self-etch strategy might be preferred for eroded/abraded dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laís da Mata Almeida
- Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde , Departamento de Odontologia , Brasilia , DF , Brasil
| | | | - Leandro Augusto Hilgert
- Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde , Departamento de Odontologia , Brasilia , DF , Brasil
| | - Rayssa Ferreira Zanatta
- Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde , Departamento de Odontologia , Brasilia , DF , Brasil
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17
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Perez MM, Lus ACM, Campos PH, Amaral SFD, Lussi A, Diniz MB, Guaré RO. Association of salivary parameters and erosive tooth wear in preschool children. Braz Oral Res 2023; 37:e093. [PMID: 37820251 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2023.vol37.0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The aims of this study were to 1) assess the association between erosive tooth wear (ETW) according to the BEWE (Basic Erosive Wear Examination) scoring system and salivary parameters and 2) compare salivary parameters according to ETW severity in the subgroup of children with ETW. This cross-sectional study included 52 preschool children aged 5 years paired by sex. A calibrated examiner assessed ETW using BEWE criteria, and stimulated saliva was collected to determine salivary flow, osmolality, pH, and buffering capacity. The children were divided into two groups: without ETW (n=26; BEWE score 0) and with ETW (n=26; BEWE scores 1 and 2). Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the magnitude of the association between ETW and salivary parameters and estimates of odds ratios (OR). In the unadjusted analysis, the ETW group was more likely to have lower salivary flow (OR = 0.079; 95%CI = 0.013-0.469; p = 0.005) and lower osmolality (OR = 0.993; 95%CI = 0.985-1.000; p = 0.049). In the adjusted analysis, salivary flow remained significantly associated with ETW (OR = 0.087; 95%CI = 0.014-0.533; p = 0.008). Lower salivary osmolality values were observed in ETW, especially in preschool children with more severe ETW (BEWE score 2). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) determined a salivary osmolality cutoff point of < 201 for the presence of ETW. In conclusion, salivary flow rate was significantly associated with ETW prevalence. Lower values of salivary osmolality were observed in preschool children with distinct erosive lesions with significant loss of tooth structure (BEWE 2).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Adrian Lussi
- University of Freiburg, Department of Operative Dentistry & Periodontology, Freiburg, DE
| | - Michele Baffi Diniz
- Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, Department of Dentistry, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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18
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Timpel J, Klinghammer S, Riemenschneider L, Ibarlucea B, Cuniberti G, Hannig C, Sterzenbach T. Sensors for in situ monitoring of oral and dental health parameters in saliva. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:5719-5736. [PMID: 37698630 PMCID: PMC10560166 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05206-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The oral cavity is an easily accessible unique environment and open system which is influenced by the oral fluids, microbiota, and nutrition. Little is known about the kinetics and dynamics of metabolic processes at the intraoral surfaces. Real-time monitoring of salivary biomarkers, e.g., glucose, lactate, fluoride, calcium, phosphate, and pH with intraoral sensors is therefore of major interest. The aim of this review is to overview the existing literature for intraoral saliva sensors. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive literature search was performed to review the most relevant studies on intraoral saliva sensor technology. RESULTS There is limited literature about the in situ saliva monitoring of salivary biomarkers. Bioadhesion and biofouling processes at the intraoral surfaces limit the performances of the sensors. Real-time, long-term, and continuous intraoral measurement of salivary metabolites remains challenging and needs further investigation as only few well-functioning sensors have been developed until today. Until now, there is no sensor that measures reliably beyond hours for any analyte other than glucose. CONCLUSIONS Saliva's complex and dynamic structure as well as bioadhesion are key challenges and should be addressed in the future developments. Consequently, more studies that focus particularly on biofouling processes and interferential effects of the salivary matrix components on sensor surfaces are required. CLINICAL RELEVANCE By monitoring fluids in the oral cavity, as the entrance to the digestive system, extensive information can be obtained regarding the effects of foods and preventive agents on the oral microbiota and the tooth surfaces. This may lead to a better understanding of strategies to modulate oral and general health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Timpel
- Clinic of Operative and Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
- Else Kröner-Fresenius Center for Digital Health (EKFZ), Dresden University of Technology, 01309, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Stephanie Klinghammer
- Else Kröner-Fresenius Center for Digital Health (EKFZ), Dresden University of Technology, 01309, Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center for Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Leif Riemenschneider
- Else Kröner-Fresenius Center for Digital Health (EKFZ), Dresden University of Technology, 01309, Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center for Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Bergoi Ibarlucea
- Else Kröner-Fresenius Center for Digital Health (EKFZ), Dresden University of Technology, 01309, Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center for Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gianaurelio Cuniberti
- Else Kröner-Fresenius Center for Digital Health (EKFZ), Dresden University of Technology, 01309, Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center for Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Hannig
- Clinic of Operative and Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Else Kröner-Fresenius Center for Digital Health (EKFZ), Dresden University of Technology, 01309, Dresden, Germany
| | - Torsten Sterzenbach
- Clinic of Operative and Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Else Kröner-Fresenius Center for Digital Health (EKFZ), Dresden University of Technology, 01309, Dresden, Germany
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Siqueira FSFD, Wendlinger M, Araújo LCR, Moreira PHDA, Cardenas AFM, Carvalho TS, Reis A, Loguercio AD. Bonding performance of universal adhesives to eroded dentine: A 6-year evaluation. J Dent 2023; 136:104633. [PMID: 37490967 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) and nanoleakage (NL) of several universal adhesives to eroded dentine (ED) using etch-and-rinse (ER) and self-etch (SE) strategies, immediately and after 6 years of water storage. MATERIAL AND METHODS Four hundred and eighty human molars were distributed into 60 groups according to dentine substrate (sound dentine [SD], eroded with soft drink, or eroded with citric acid), application method of the adhesive (SE or ER), and the adhesives used: 1. All-Bond Universal, 2. Ambar Universal, 3. Clearfil Universal, 4. Futurabond U, 5. One Coat 7 Universal, 6. Peak Universal Bond, 7. Prime&Bond Elect, 8. Scotchbond Universal, 9. Tetric n-bond Universal, and 10. Xeno Select. The restoration was then performed with a composite resin, and the specimens were sectioned into resin-dentine bonded sticks. The sticks were tested (immediately or after 6 years of storage) for µTBS (0.5 mm/min) or used to assess NL. The eroded dentine surfaces were also examined using FE-SEM to evaluate the NL. Data for µTBS were analyzed by four-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test (a = 0.05), and the NL was analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Sum test (a = 0.05). RESULTS In ED, there was no difference in μTBS and NL between ER and SE strategies (p > 0.05). Most μTBS and NL values obtained for ED were lower and higher, respectively, than those for SD (p < 0.005). Additionally, the worst results (μTBS and NL) were observed for erosion with citric acid groups in comparison with erosion with soft-drink groups (p < 0.007). After 6y, μTBS was generally lower and NL higher for all substrates, adhesives, and strategies (p < 0.05), except for AMB, SBU, and TEU in dentine eroded with citric acid. The lowest μTBS and highest NL values were observed for ABU, FBU, OCU, PUB, PBE, and XEN in both types of eroded dentine and evaluation times (p < 0.002). CONCLUSION The use of MDP-containing adhesives seems to be essential to maintain adhesion to eroded dentine. However, other factors such as acidity should be considered. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The bonding of eroded dentine is a challenge. However, the use of MDP-containing universal adhesives showed less degradation after long-term evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michel Wendlinger
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Thiago Saads Carvalho
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, Bern University, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Reis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Alessandro D Loguercio
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
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Pelá VT, Gironda CC, Taira EA, Brito L, Pieretti JC, Seabra AB, Cardoso CDAB, Rodrigues MC, Henrique-Silva F, Buzalaf MAR. Different vehicles containing CaneCPI-5 reduce erosive dentin wear in situ. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:5559-5568. [PMID: 37481640 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05175-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the protective capacity of a sugarcane-derived cystatin (CaneCPI-5) in different vehicles (1-solution and 2-chitosan gel) against erosive dentin wear in situ. METHODS In part-1, 15 volunteers participated in a crossover protocol (solutions): Water; Elmex™ and CaneCPI-5. The volunteers wore an appliance with 4 dentin samples for 5 days. These samples were treated with a drop of the solutions for 1 min (4X/d), then the acquired pellicle (AP) was formed and the samples were subjected to erosive challenges (EROSION: citric acid, for 90 s, 4X/day). 2X/day, half of the samples were also abraded for 15 s (ABRASION). In part-2, 16 volunteers participated in a crossover protocol (gel): No gel, Chitosan gel, Chitosan gel + NaF and Chitosan gel + CaneCPI-5. The volunteers also wore an appliance. The samples were treated once/day with the gel or not for 4 min, then the AP was formed and the samples were subjected to erosive and abrasive challenges, as reported in part-1. Dentin wear was measured by profilometry. Data were analyzed by two-way RM-ANOVA and Sidak's tests (p < 0.05). RESULTS Part-1: Elmex™ and CaneCPI-5 significantly reduced dentin loss in comparison with Water for the EROSION/ABRASION conditions (p < 0.05). Part-2, all the treated groups significantly reduced the dentin loss in comparison to the No gel. The greatest reduction was found for the gel + CaneCPI-5 group for the EROSION/ABRASION (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The solution and chitosan gel containing CaneCPI-5 protected against erosive dentin wear in situ. CLINICAL RELEVANCE These different vehicles are probably sufficient for protecting people with high risk of developing erosive dentin wear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius Taioqui Pelá
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Carlos Condarco Gironda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Even Akemi Taira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Brito
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Joana Claudio Pieretti
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Amedea Barozzi Seabra
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, 09210-580, Brazil
| | | | | | - Flavio Henrique-Silva
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil.
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21
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Jadeja SP, LeBlanc A, O'Toole S, Austin RS, Bartlett D. The subsurface lesion in erosive tooth wear. J Dent 2023; 136:104652. [PMID: 37544352 PMCID: PMC10837081 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study compared the surface change on natural and polished enamel exposed to a joint mechanical and chemical wear regimen. METHODS Human enamel samples were randomly assigned to natural (n = 30) or polished (n = 30) groups, subjected to erosion (n = 10, 0.3% citric acid, 5 min), abrasion (n = 10, 30 s), or a combination (n = 10). Wear in the form of step height was measured with a non-contact profilometer, and surface changes were inspected with SEM on selected sections. Data was normalised and underwent repeated measures MANOVA, accounting for substrate and erosive challenge as independent variables, with Bonferroni correction for significant post hoc interactions. RESULTS After four cycles, polished samples had mean step heights of 3.08 (0.40) μm after erosion and 4.08 (0.37) μm after erosion/abrasion. For natural samples, these measurements were 1.52 (0.22) μm and 3.62 (0.39) μm, respectively. Natural surfaces displayed less wear than polished surfaces under erosion-only conditions (p<0.0001), but the difference disappeared with added abrasion. SEM revealed a shallow subsurface layer for polished surfaces and natural ones undergoing only erosion. However, natural surfaces exposed to both erosion and abrasion showed deeper subsurface changes up to 50 µm. CONCLUSION Natural enamel, when exposed to erosion alone, showed less wear and minimal subsurface alterations. But with added abrasion, natural enamel surfaces saw increased wear and notable subsurface changes compared to polished ones. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The pronounced subsurface lesions observed on eroded/abraded natural enamel surfaces highlight how combined wear challenges may accelerate tooth tissue loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Jadeja
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Clinical Sciences, Centre for Clinical, Oral and Translational Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom.
| | - A LeBlanc
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Clinical Sciences, Centre for Clinical, Oral and Translational Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - S O'Toole
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Clinical Sciences, Centre for Clinical, Oral and Translational Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - R S Austin
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Clinical Sciences, Centre for Clinical, Oral and Translational Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - D Bartlett
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Clinical Sciences, Centre for Clinical, Oral and Translational Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
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22
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Natsumeda G, Miranda F, Massaro C, Lauris JRP, Garib D. Aging changes in maxillary anterior teeth in untreated individuals: an observational longitudinal study. Prog Orthod 2023; 24:26. [PMID: 37574532 PMCID: PMC10423712 DOI: 10.1186/s40510-023-00478-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aging of the occlusion and tooth wears influence the smile design This study aimed at evaluating the aging changes of maxillary anterior teeth in nontreated subjects. METHODS The sample comprised dental models of 23 subjects (13 male, 10 female) with normal occlusions, taken at 13 (T1), 17 (T2) and 61 (T3) years of age. The following variables were measured in the maxillary anterior teeth using digital dental models: crown width/height proportion, anterior view width, crown angulation, gingival and incisal steps between central/lateral incisors and central incisors/canines. Interphase comparisons were evaluated using repeated measures analysis of variance followed by Tukey tests or Friedman tests. Sexual differences were evaluated using t tests (P < 0.05). RESULTS From 13 to 61 years of age, a decrease of crown width/height proportion (P = 0.008 and P = < 0.001, for the lateral incisor and canines, respectively) and mesiodistal angulation (P = < 0.001, P = 0.001 and P = 0.025 for the central incisor, lateral incisor and canines, respectively) of the maxillary anterior teeth were observed. The steps of the gingival margin and the incisal steps decreased with aging. CONCLUSIONS From adolescence to late adulthood, untreated individuals with normal occlusions demonstrated changes in the maxillary anterior teeth that may impair the smile esthetics and attractiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Natsumeda
- Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, SP 17012-901 Brazil
| | - Felicia Miranda
- Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, SP 17012-901 Brazil
| | - Camila Massaro
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás Brazil
| | | | - Daniela Garib
- Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, SP 17012-901 Brazil
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP Brazil
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Shukla K, Saxena A, Joshi J, Jain D. A Comparative Study of the Effect of Tooth Mousse Plus Remin Pro and Fluor Protector Gel on Enamel Erosion: An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023; 16:S57-S62. [PMID: 37663219 PMCID: PMC10474398 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this in vitro study was to assess the effect of Tooth Mousse Plus, Remin Pro, and Fluor Protector Gel on enamel erosion, measuring mean weight loss after exposure to a demineralizing agent. Materials and methods A total of 60 sound-extracted permanent incisors were sectioned and enamel specimens were randomly distributed to different groups. The initial weight of all specimens was registered. The samples were randomly divided into four groups (n = 30). Group I specimens were treated with tap water (control). Groups II, III, and IV were treated with Tooth Mousse, Remin Pro, and Fluor Protector Gel application. After that, specimens were placed all together in a plastic container with 6 mL of a soft drink and immersed for 8 minutes at room temperature, dried, and weighed. Specimens were weighed after each immersion period and mean weight loss was calculated. The data was analyzed for probability distribution using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The intergroup comparison was done using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post hoc analysis. Results According to pairwise comparisons in post hoc analysis, the weight of specimens at baseline was significantly greater than the weight of specimens on day 12. The difference in the mean weight of the specimen from baseline to day 12 was 2.833 mg for group I, 2.367 mg for group II, 1.467 mg for group III, and 2.133 mg for group IV. Conclusion Tooth Mousse Plus, Remin Pro, and Fluor Protector Gel have no significant effect on dental erosion. How to cite this article Shukla K, Saxena A, Joshi J, et al. A Comparative Study of the Effect of Tooth Mousse Plus Remin Pro and Fluor Protector Gel on Enamel Erosion: An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(S-1):S57-S62.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamlakant Shukla
- Department of Paediatrics and Preventive Dentistry, Government Autonomous College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ashish Saxena
- Department of Paediatrics and Preventive Dentistry, Government Autonomous College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Jaya Joshi
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Deepika Jain
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, College of Dental Science and Hospital, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Moda MD, Dos Santos PH, Pini NIP, Furini LN, Briso ALF, Assmann A, Fagundes TC. Effects of Different Toothpastes on the Nanomechanical Properties and Chemical Composition of Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cement and Composite Resin Restorations. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:173. [PMID: 37504240 PMCID: PMC10378367 DOI: 10.3390/dj11070173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study evaluates the effects of different toothpastes on the nanohardness and chemical compositions of restorative materials and dental surfaces. METHODS Bovine enamel (n = 72) and dentin (n = 72) blocks were obtained and restored using RMGIC (n = 36) or CR (n = 36) to create the following surfaces: dentin adjacent to RMGIC (DRMGIC), enamel adjacent to RMGIC (ERMGIC), dentin adjacent to CR (DCR), and enamel adjacent to CR (ECR). After restoration, one hemiface of each specimen was coated with an acid-resistant varnish to facilitate the creation of control (C) and eroded (E) sides; the latter were achieved by erosion-abrasion cycles as follows: erosion with 1% citric acid: 5 days, four times for 2 min each day; 1% citric acid/abrasion, two times for 15 s, followed by immersion in a toothpaste slurry for 2 min. Toothpastes without fluoride (WF; n = 12), with sodium fluoride (NaF; n = 12), and with stannous fluoride (SnF2; n = 12) were used for RMGIC or CR. The specimens were analyzed for nanohardness (H), and chemical composition using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Raman microscopy. The data were statistically analyzed using two-way repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). RESULTS Lower H values were obtained with NaF for DRMGIC-C, with a statistically significant difference from the H value obtained with WF (p < 0.05). The calcium and phosphorus concentrations in DCR-E were significantly lower with WF than with the other types of toothpaste (p < 0.05). Fluoride-containing toothpastes are capable of preserving the main chemical components of the dentin adjacent to the restorative materials under erosive-abrasive conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Dias Moda
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Dos Santos
- Faculty of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute-Restorative Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Nubia Inocencya Pavesi Pini
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Negri Furini
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Fraga Briso
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil
| | - André Assmann
- Department of Engineering and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Palotina 85950-000, PR, Brazil
| | - Ticiane Cestari Fagundes
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil
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25
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Silva CAM, Sousa FBD, Martinez-Mier EA, Kelly AB, Eckert GJ, Hara AT. Susceptibility of fluorotic enamel to dental erosion-abrasion. Braz Oral Res 2023; 37:e068. [PMID: 37436291 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2023.vol37.0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental hard tissue conditions can be of pre- or post-eruptive nature, such as enamel fluorosis and erosive tooth wear (ETW), respectively. Dental enamel fluorosis is caused by the chronic and excessive intake of fluoride during enamel development, leading to increased fluoride concentration and increased porosity. ETW has become a common clinical condition and often impairs dental function and aesthetics. This in vitro study tested the hypothesis that fluorotic enamel presents different susceptibility to dental erosion-abrasion. It consisted of a 3×3×2 factorial design, considering a) fluorosis severity: sound (TF0), mild (TF1-2), moderate (TF3-4); b) abrasive challenge: low, medium, and high; and c) erosive challenge: yes or no. A total of 144 human teeth were selected according to the three fluorosis severity levels (n=48), and subdivided into six groups (n = 8) generated by the association of the different erosive and abrasive challenges. Enamel blocks (4×4 mm) were prepared from each tooth and their natural enamel surfaces subjected to an erosion-abrasion cycling model. After cycling, the depth of the lesions in enamel was assessed by profilometry. ANOVA showed that the three-way and two-way interactions among the factors were not significant (p > 0.20). Enamel fluorosis level (p=0.638) and abrasion level (p = 0.390) had no significant effect on lesion depth. Acid exposure caused significantly more enamel surface loss than water (p < 0.001). Considering the limitations of this in vitro study, fluorosis did not affect the susceptibility of enamel to dental erosion-abrasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Araújo Maia Silva
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Health Sciences Center, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Frederico Barbosa de Sousa
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Health Sciences Center, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Esperanza Angeles Martinez-Mier
- Indiana University School of Dentistry, Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Adam Benjamin Kelly
- Indiana University School of Dentistry, Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - George J Eckert
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Anderson Takeo Hara
- Indiana University School of Dentistry, Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Gadallah LK, Safwat EM, Saleh RS, Azab SM, Azab MM. Effect of silver diamine fluoride/potassium iodide treatment on the prevention of dental erosion in primary teeth: an in vitro study. BDJ Open 2023; 9:24. [PMID: 37414762 DOI: 10.1038/s41405-023-00153-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dental erosion has a great effect on oral health, when diagnosed it is irreversible, this sets the importance of different preventive measures being investigated against dental erosion. AIM This in vitro study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride and Potassium iodide (SDF-KI) in comparison to casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride (CPP-ACPF) varnish, sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish, silver diamine fluoride (SDF) alone and deionized water as a control group in the prevention of dental erosion in primary teeth and assessing its staining effect. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty deciduous teeth enamel specimens were randomly allocated into the five study groups. Tested materials were applied. An erosive challenge was done by immersing the specimens in a citric acid-containing soft drink with pH 2.85, for 5 min, 4 times/day, for 5 days. Changes in surface microhardness, mineral loss, and color change were evaluated besides recording of the surface topography and surface roughness for selected specimens. RESULTS The highest decrease in surface microhardness was recorded in the control group (-85.21 ± 10.60%), with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.002). SDF-KI group (-61.49 ± 21.08%) showed no statistically significant difference when compared to CPP-ACPF, NaF, and SDF groups. For calcium and phosphorous loss, control group was statistically significantly higher compared to the treatment groups (p = 0.003) and (p < 0.001) respectively, while there was no statistically significant difference between the tested treatment groups. The highest mean value for color change was recorded in SDF group (26.26 ± 10.31), followed by SDF-KI group (21.22 ± 12.87) with no statistically significant difference between groups. CONCLUSIONS SDF-KI is as effective as CPP-ACPF, NaF varnishes and SDF in the prevention of dental erosion in primary teeth, there was no statistically significant difference regarding its staining potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamia Khairy Gadallah
- Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Engie Mohamed Safwat
- Restorative and Dental Materials Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Reham Sayed Saleh
- Restorative and Dental Materials Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Shereen Musa Azab
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA) (previous NODCAR), Giza, Egypt
| | - Maha Moussa Azab
- Department Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, New Giza University NGU, Giza, Egypt.
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Lind E, Mähönen H, Latonen RM, Lassila L, Pöllänen M, Loimaranta V, Laine M. Erosive potential of ice tea beverages and kombuchas. Acta Odontol Scand 2023:1-8. [PMID: 37192014 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2023.2199848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Kombuchas and other tea-based beverages are often perceived as healthy products despite the lack of knowledge on their effects on oral health. This in vitro study determined the erosive potential of commercial kombuchas, and ice teas compared to cola drinks. MATERIALS AND METHODS The pH and fluoride content of 7 kombuchas and 18 tea drinks were measured with ion-selective electrodes. Calcium dissolution from hydroxyapatite grains was quantified by atomic absorption spectroscopy after beverage exposure. The effect of beverages on the enamel surface was visualized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Distilled water, and cola drinks were used as negative and positive controls. RESULTS The kombuchas exhibited lower pH values (2.82-3.66) than the ice teas (2.94-4.86), but still higher than the cola drinks (2.48-2.54). The fluoride concentration varied between 0.05 and 0.46 ppm and for 7 beverages the concentration was below the detection limit. The calcium release for kombuchas was 198-746 mg/l, for ice teas 16.1-507 mg/l, and for cola drinks 57.7-71.9 mg/l. Twenty-two beverages had a significantly greater calcium release than the cola drinks (p = .009-.014). The surface etching of the enamel was seen in the SEM analysis after beverage exposure. CONCLUSIONS Tea-based beverages have even higher erosive potential than cola drinks. Kombuchas especially, displayed a considerable erosive potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Lind
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Hilma Mähönen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Rose-Marie Latonen
- Laboratory of Molecular Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Lippo Lassila
- Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre-TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Marja Pöllänen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- The Finnish Medical Society Duodecim, Current Care, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Merja Laine
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Cariology and Restorative Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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28
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Al Saady D, Hall C, Edwards S, Reynolds EC, Richards LC, Ranjitkar S. Erosion-inhibiting potential of the stannous fluoride-enriched CPP-ACP complex in vitro. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7940. [PMID: 37193788 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34884-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently available anti-erosive agents only provide partial protection, emphasizing the need to enhance their performance. By characterizing erosive enamel wear at the nanoscale, the aim of this in vitro study was to assess the anti-erosive effects of SnF2 and CPP-ACP both individually and synergistically. Erosion depths were assessed longitudinally on 40 polished human enamel specimens after 1, 5, and 10 erosion cycles. Each cycle comprised one-min erosion in citric acid (pH 3.0) and one-min treatment in whole saliva (control group) or a slurry of one of the three anti-erosive pastes (10% CPP-ACP; 0.45% SnF2 (1100 ppm F); or SnF2/CPP-ACP (10% CPP-ACP + 0.45% SnF2)) (n = 10 per group). Scratch depths were assessed longitudinally in separate experiments using a similar protocol after 1, 5, and 10 cycles. Compared with the control groups, all slurries reduced erosion depths after 1 cycle (p ≤ 0.004) and scratch depths after 5 cycles (p ≤ 0.012). The order of anti-erosive potential was SnF2/CPP-ACP > SnF2 > CPP-ACP > control for erosion depth analysis, and SnF2/CPP-ACP > (SnF2 = CPP-ACP) > control for scratch depth analysis. These data provide 'proof of concept' evidence that SnF2/CPP-ACP has superior anti-erosive potential compared to SnF2 or CPP-ACP alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deena Al Saady
- Adelaide Dental School, Level 10, Adelaide Health and Medical Sciences (AHMS) Building, University of Adelaide, Cnr George St and North Tce, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Colin Hall
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Australia
| | - Suzanne Edwards
- School of Public Health, Adelaide Health Technology Assessment (AHTA), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Eric C Reynolds
- Oral Health Cooperative Research Centre, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lindsay C Richards
- Adelaide Dental School, Level 10, Adelaide Health and Medical Sciences (AHMS) Building, University of Adelaide, Cnr George St and North Tce, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Sarbin Ranjitkar
- Adelaide Dental School, Level 10, Adelaide Health and Medical Sciences (AHMS) Building, University of Adelaide, Cnr George St and North Tce, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia.
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Nishna T, Adyanthaya A, Johnson AM, Venugopal J, Venugopal M, Anju RV. Estimation of the Efficacy of Remineralizing Agents on the Microhardness of Deciduous Teeth Demineralized Using Pediatric Formulations. J Contemp Dent Pract 2023; 24:325-336. [PMID: 38149811 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to evaluate the demineralizing effect of commonly used pediatric syrup formulations on primary teeth and the efficacy of two readily available remineralizing agents in treating this effect. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety primary teeth were used for sample preparation and divided into three groups: antibiotic syrup (group A), cough syrup (group B), and control (group C) groups. These groups were further categorized into intragroups according to the treatment with remineralizing agents: groups A1, B1, and C1 received GC Tooth Mousse (casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate, CPP-ACP paste) and groups A2, B2, and C2 received Clinpro Tooth Crème. The samples were subjected to a series of demineralization cycles for 14 days, and remineralization cycles until 30 days were performed using two remineralizing agents, that is, GC Tooth Mousse (CPP-ACP paste) and Clinpro Tooth Crème and were evaluated using Vicker's microhardness test. RESULTS Antibiotic syrup (group A) and cough syrup (group B) showed a significant decrease in surface microhardness compared with control (group C). All intragroups showed an increase in surface microhardness after treatment with remineralizing agents, which was significantly higher in intragroups A1, B1, and C1 treated with GC Tooth Mousse (CPP-ACP paste). CONCLUSIONS Oral liquid medications showed definite demineralization potential. CPP-ACP paste was found to be better than Clinpro Tooth Crème for demineralized teeth. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The use of over-the-counter drugs has increased among the average Indian population, especially for the treatment of fever, cold, and cough. Unwise use of medications by the present population without proper medical guidance will lead to irreparable changes in future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Nishna
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Amrita School Dentistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India, Phone: +91 8606853358, e-mail: , Orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1264-501X
| | - Amith Adyanthaya
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, KMCT Dental College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
| | - Ann Meera Johnson
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Educare Institute of Dental Sciences, Malappuram, Kerala, India
| | - Jipsa Venugopal
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sree Anjaneya Institute of Dental Sciences, Calicut, Kerala, India
| | - Malini Venugopal
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India, Orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2485-1809
| | - R V Anju
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, KMCT Dental College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India, Orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1768-3413
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New insights into the protective effect of statherin-derived peptide for different acquired enamel pellicle formation times on the native human enamel surfaces. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 148:105643. [PMID: 36773559 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the protective impact of acquired enamel pellicle (AEP) engineering with statherin-derived peptide (StatpSpS), considering different AEP formation times. DESIGN A total of 120 native human enamel specimens were divided into 2 main groups: 1) No AEP engineering and 2) AEP engineering with StatpSpS (pretreatment for 1 min; 37 °C, under agitation). Each group was further divided into 4 subgroups: No pellicle, or 1, 60-and-120 min AEP formation times (human saliva; 37 °C). The specimens were then subjected to an erosive challenge (1% citric acid; pH 3.6; 1 min; 25 °C). This procedure was repeated for 5 cycles. Relative surface reflection intensity (%SRI) was measured and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the enamel surface was done. RESULTS All AEP engineering groups protected against initial dental erosion in comparison with No pellicle (p < 0.001), likewise all groups with AEP, independent of engineering or formation times (p 0.001). Furthermore, engineering with StatpSpS even without the presence of AEP protected the enamel when compared to the No engineering/No pellicle group (p < 0.0001). No difference was observed regarding the protection from the different AEP formation times (p > 0.05). Regarding the SEM analysis, in the "No AEP engineering & No AEP" group, a more severe effect of citric acid was observed, with more enamel prism heads and scratches on the surface when compared with the other groups. CONCLUSIONS AEP provides almost instant protection at formation times even as short as 1 min, protecting the native enamel against erosion. Treatment with StatpSpS by itself provides similar protection as the AEP.
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Salma RS, Eldardiry NK, Elmaddah HA, Ismail HA, Salem EM. Comparative analysis of the effect of Bioactive Glass 45S5 on enamel erosion progression in human dentitions (in vitro study). Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:1707-1721. [PMID: 36434276 PMCID: PMC10102087 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04796-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to compare the surface morphology alterations, mineral content, and surface roughness of eroded enamel surface versus eroded enamel surface which was preceded by Bioactive Glass 45S5 (BAG45S5) application in both primary and permanent human dentitions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-two primary teeth and fifty-two permanent teeth were selected. Teeth were randomly divided into 4 groups of twenty-six teeth each. Groups A1 and B1 underwent erosion with 1% citric acid, while groups A2 and B2 were subjected to application of BAG45S5 powder followed by the same erosive conditions as A1 and B1. Measurements were performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and surface profilometry. They were used to examine the surface morphology alterations, mineral content, and surface roughness, respectively. RESULTS SEM of enamel which received BAG45S5 showed smoother surface in primary teeth post erosion. EDX analysis showed that enamel exhibited crucial resistance to mineral loss in the group which received BAG45S5 prior to inducing erosion as compared to the induced erosion-only group. This was significant (p < 0.005) in both human dentitions. Erosion-only groups showed significantly less surface roughness in permanent teeth (p < 0.045). A marked decrease in surface roughness was observed in surfaces receiving BAG45S5, primary teeth (p < 0.001), and permanent teeth (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Bioactive Glass 45S5 proved successful against erosive conditions in both primary and permanent teeth with better performance in the permanent teeth so it can be regarded as a means of prevention. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Bioactive Glass 45S5 powder could be used not only to remove stains but also as a prophylactic preventive measure against the multiple episodes of acidic food and beverage consumption in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab Samir Salma
- Faculty of Dentistry, Pediatric and Community Dentistry Department, Pharos University in Alexandria, Sidi Gaber, P.O. Box 37, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | | | | | - Hoda Ahmed Ismail
- Pharos University in Alexandria, Sidi Gaber, P.O. Box 37, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eman M Salem
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral Biology Department, Pharos University in Alexandria, Sidi Gaber, P.O. Box 37, Alexandria, Egypt
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Cleaver LM, Carda-Diéguez M, Moazzez R, Carpenter GH. Novel bacterial proteolytic and metabolic activity associated with dental erosion-induced oral dysbiosis. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:69. [PMID: 37004076 PMCID: PMC10064782 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01514-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental erosion is a disease of the oral cavity where acids cause a loss of tooth enamel and is defined as having no bacterial involvement. The tooth surface is protected from acid attack by salivary proteins that make up the acquired enamel pellicle (AEP). Bacteria have been shown to readily degrade salivary proteins, and some of which are present in the AEP. This study aimed to explore the role of bacteria in dental erosion using a multi-omics approach by comparing saliva collected from participants with dental erosion and healthy controls. RESULTS Salivary proteomics was assessed by liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and demonstrated two altered AEP proteins in erosion, prolactin inducible protein (PIP), and zinc-alpha-2 glycoprotein (ZAG). Immunoblotting further suggested that degradation of PIP and ZAG is associated with erosion. Salivary microbiome analysis was performed by sequencing the bacterial 16S rRNA gene (V1-V2 region, Illumina) and showed that participants with dental erosion had a significantly (p < 0.05) less diverse microbiome than healthy controls (observed and Shannon diversity). Sequencing of bacterial mRNA for gene expression (Illumina sequencing) demonstrated that genes over-expressed in saliva from erosion participants included H + proton transporter genes, and three protease genes (msrAB, vanY, and ppdC). Salivary metabolomics was assessed using nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (NMR). Metabolite concentrations correlated with gene expression, demonstrating that the dental erosion group had strong correlations between metabolites associated with protein degradation and amino acid fermentation. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that microbial proteolysis of salivary proteins found in the protective acquired enamel pellicle strongly correlates with dental erosion, and we propose four novel microbial genes implicated in this process. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanne M Cleaver
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Miguel Carda-Diéguez
- Department of Health & Genomics, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research (FISABIO) Foundation, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rebeca Moazzez
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of The Pacific, San Francisco, USA
| | - Guy H Carpenter
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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Miranda LFB, Lima CV, Pagin R, Costa RC, Pereira MMA, de Avila ED, Bertolini M, Retamal-Valdes B, Shibli JA, Feres M, Barão VAR, Souza JGS. Effect of Processing Methods of Human Saliva on the Proteomic Profile and Protein-Mediated Biological Processes. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:857-870. [PMID: 36779809 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
The use of saliva as a protein source prior to microbiological and biological assays requires previous processing. However, the effect of these processing methods on the proteomic profile of saliva has not been tested. Stimulated human saliva was collected from eight healthy volunteers. Non-processed saliva was compared with 0.22 μm filtered, 0.45 μm filtered, and pasteurized saliva, by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD039248. The effect of processed saliva on microbial adhesion was tested using bacterial and fungus species and in biological cell behavior using HaCaT immortalized human keratinocytes. Two hundred and seventy-eight proteins were identified in non-processed saliva, of which 54 proteins (≈19%) were exclusive. Saliva processing reduced identified proteins to 222 (≈80%) for the 0.22 μm group, 219 (≈79%) for the 0.45 μm group, and 201 (≈72%) for the pasteurized saliva, compared to non-processed saliva. The proteomic profile showed similar molecular functions and biological processes. The different saliva processing methods did not alter microbial adhesion (ANOVA, p > 0.05). Interestingly, pasteurized saliva reduced keratinocyte cell viability. Saliva processing methods tested reduced the proteomic profile diversity of saliva but maintained similar molecular functions and biological processes, not interfering with microbial adhesion and cell viability, except for pasteurization, which reduced cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Fernando B Miranda
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Sa̅o Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Carolina V Lima
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná 80210-170, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Pagin
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University (UnG), Guarulhos, Sa̅o Paulo 07023-070, Brazil
| | - Raphael C Costa
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Sa̅o Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Marta Maria A Pereira
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo 14801-385, Brazil
| | - Erica D de Avila
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo 14801-385, Brazil.,Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry at Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo 16066-840, Brazil
| | - Martinna Bertolini
- Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Belén Retamal-Valdes
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University (UnG), Guarulhos, Sa̅o Paulo 07023-070, Brazil
| | - Jamil A Shibli
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University (UnG), Guarulhos, Sa̅o Paulo 07023-070, Brazil
| | - Magda Feres
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University (UnG), Guarulhos, Sa̅o Paulo 07023-070, Brazil
| | - Valentim A R Barão
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Sa̅o Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - João Gabriel S Souza
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University (UnG), Guarulhos, Sa̅o Paulo 07023-070, Brazil.,Dental Science School (Faculdade de Ciências Odontológicas - FCO), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais 39401-303, Brazil
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Azzola LG, Fankhauser N, Srinivasan M. Influence of the vegan, vegetarian and omnivore diet on the oral health status in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Evid Based Dent 2023; 24:43-44. [PMID: 36894675 DOI: 10.1038/s41432-023-00853-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review aimed to evaluate the influence of the nature of diet (vegan, vegetarian, and omnivore) on the oral health status in adults. METHODS This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed using the PRISMA guidelines. Electronic databases [PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL], online search engines (Google Scholar), research portals, and hand searches were performed systematically to identify studies. The last literature search was performed February 1st, 2021. Studies were included if they reported on the influence of the nature of diet on the oral health status (oral hygiene, periodontal health, dental status, and salivary function) in adults, by two investigators. Inter-investigator reliability was evaluated using Kappa (κ) statistics. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020211567. RESULTS Twenty-two studies were included for data extraction and final analysis. The meta-analysis revealed that the bleeding on probing measure was higher in omnivores (Z = -4.057, p < 0.0001; 95% CI: -0.684, -0.238; I2 = 0.0%) and the overall periodontal health was significantly better in vegan/vegetarians than omnivores (Z = -2.632, p = 0.008; 95% CI: -0.274, -0.073; I2 = 29.7%). Vegan/vegetarians demonstrated more dental erosion (Z = 3.325, p = 0.001; 95% CI: 0.170, 0.659; I2 = 0.0%). In adults over 60 years old, the prevalence of caries was higher in omnivores (Z = 3.244, p = 0.001; 95% CI: 0.092, 0.371; I2 = 0.0%), while complete edentulism was more prevalent in vegetarians (Z = -4.147, p < 0.0001; 95% CI: -0.550, -0.197; I2 = 0.0%). CONCLUSIONS This review reveals that adults on an omnivore diet may be associated with a higher risk for periodontal problems and dental caries, while vegetarians/vegans may be associated with a higher risk for dental erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Giò Azzola
- Clinic of General, Special Care and Geriatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Fankhauser
- Clinic of General, Special Care and Geriatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Murali Srinivasan
- Clinic of General, Special Care and Geriatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zürich, Switzerland.
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Akküç S, Duruk G, Keleş A. Remineralization effect of three different agents on initial caries and erosive lesions: a micro-computed tomography and scanning electron microscopy analysis. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:106. [PMID: 36797742 PMCID: PMC9936636 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02805-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the remineralization efficiency of Sensodyne Promine containing Sodium flouride (NaF), GC Tooth Mousse containing CPP-ACP, and Agarta herbal toothpaste on initial caries and erosion using micro-computed tomography (CT) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). METHODS Forty-five third-molar teeth for micro-CT were divided into three main groups after initial scans (T1) were completed. Artificial caries lesions were created with the demineralization cycle (group 1, n = 15) and artificial erosion lesions were created with orange juice (group 2, n = 15) and Cola (group 3, n = 15), and second scans (T2) were performed. The groups were divided into three subgroups within themselves. Sensodyne Promine toothpaste (subgroup 1a, 2a, 3a), GC Tooth Mousse topical cream (subgroup 1b, 2b, 3b), and Agarta herbal toothpaste (subgroup 1c, 2c, 3c) were applied using soft-tipped brushes for 2 min, twice per day for 15 days, and then a third scan (T3) was performed. Mineral density, surface area, and lesion volume and depth were calculated using micro-CT. Changes in the surface morphology of the teeth were examined using SEM in 13 samples representing each group, subgroup, and healthy enamel. In the analysis of the data obtained from the scans performed at three different times (T1, T2, T3), one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the post-hoc Tukey test, repeated measures ANOVA with the post-hoc Bonferroni test, and paired sample t-test analyses were used. RESULTS All three agents caused a statistically significant increase in mineral density, and a decrease in surface area and lesion volume and depth (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in remineralization efficiency (p > 0.05). A statistically significant difference was found between the groups regarding the mineral density of the tissue that increased after remineralization (NaF > CPP-ACP > He; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The remineralization efficacy of herbal toothpaste as an alternative to NaF and CPP-ACP was found to be successful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Akküç
- grid.411650.70000 0001 0024 1937Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Gülsüm Duruk
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.
| | - Ali Keleş
- grid.411049.90000 0004 0574 2310Department of Endodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
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Kruzic JJ, Hoffman M, Arsecularatne JA. Fatigue and wear of human tooth enamel: A review. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 138:105574. [PMID: 36473402 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Human tooth enamel must withstand the cyclic contact forces, wear, and corrosion processes involved with typical oral functions. Furthermore, unlike other human tissues, dental enamel does not have a significant capacity for healing or self-repair and thus the longevity of natural teeth in the oral environment depends to a large degree on the fatigue and wear properties of enamel. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of our understanding of the fatigue and wear mechanisms of human enamel and how they relate to in vivo observations of tooth damage in the complex oral environment. A key finding of this review is that fatigue and wear processes are closely related. For example, the presence of abrasive wear particles significantly lowers the forces needed to initiate contact fatigue cracking while subsurface fatigue crack propagation drives key delamination wear mechanisms during attrition or attrition-corrosion of enamel. Furthermore, this review seeks to bring a materials science and mechanical engineering perspective to fatigue and wear phenomena. In this regard, we see developing a mechanistic description of fatigue and wear, and understanding the interconnectivity of the processes, as essential for successfully modelling enamel fatigue and wear damage and developing strategies and treatments to improve the longevity of our natural teeth. Furthermore, we anticipate that this review will stimulate ideas for extending the lifetime of the natural tooth structure and will help highlight where our understanding is too limited and where additional research into fatigue and wear of human tooth enamel is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie J Kruzic
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Mark Hoffman
- School of Engineering, University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia; School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Joseph A Arsecularatne
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
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Jiang S, Zheng L, Miao Z. Gastroesophageal reflux disease and oral symptoms: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Genet 2023; 13:1061550. [PMID: 36685839 PMCID: PMC9845290 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1061550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The association between Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and oral symptoms has been reported in observational studies, but the causality of GERD to oral symptoms remained unknown. We aimed to assess the causal effect of GERD on five oral symptoms (mouth ulcers, toothache, loose teeth, bleeding gums, and periodontitis) using the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method. Methods: Summary-level statistics for GERD and five oral symptoms were obtained from large-scale genome-wide association studies. Rigorous quality control of genetic instruments was conducted before MR analysis. Several analytical methods, including the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, MR-Egger regression, weighted median, maximum likelihood, and robust adjusted profile score (RAPS) were utilized, and the results of IVW were taken as the main results. The MR-Egger intercept test, Cochran's Q test, and leave-one-out test were used as sensitivity analysis for quality control. Results: After Bonferroni, IVW detected a significant effect of GERD on mouth ulcers (OR = 1.008, 95% CI = 1.003-1.013, p = 0.003), loose teeth (OR = 1.009, 95% CI = 1.005-1.012, p = 9.20 × 10-7), and periodontitis (OR = 1.229, 95% CI = 1.081-1.398, p = 0.002). Consistent patterns of associations were observed across several MR models and sensitivity analysis found little evidence of bias. Nominal significant associations were observed in toothache and bleeding gums (p < 0.05), and heterogeneity was detected. Conclusion: Our MR analyses supported the positive causal effect of GERD on oral symptoms, especially for mouth ulcers, loose teeth, and periodontitis. Our findings might shed light on the mechanism of oral disease and might imply that oral care should be enhanced in patients with GERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijing Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China,Jiangsu Provincial TCM Technology Engineering Research Center of Health and Health Preservation, Nanjing, China,*Correspondence: Liang Zheng, ; Zhiwei Miao,
| | - Zhiwei Miao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China,*Correspondence: Liang Zheng, ; Zhiwei Miao,
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Martini GR, Bortoluzzi EA, Minamisako MC, Bordignon NCT, Rodrigues PM, Gondak R. Impact of radiotherapy on the morphological and compositional structure of intra-radicular dentin. Braz Dent J 2023; 34:45-51. [PMID: 36888844 PMCID: PMC10027097 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202305101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering the side effects in the oral cavity and dental structures of radiotherapy (RDT) for head and neck cancer, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of RDT on the root dentin concerning the obliteration of dentinal tubules, the inorganic composition of intra-radicular dentin, and the integrity of collagen fibers. Thirty human canines were selected from a biobank and randomly divided into two groups (n=15). The samples were sectioned buccolingually, and a hemisection was used for structural analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS). Low-vacuum SEM images were obtained at 2000-x magnification to observe the obliteration of the dentinal tubules. Moreover, compositional evaluation was performed using EDS. After RDT, the SEM and EDS analyses were repeated using the same methodology. RDT was applied fractionally at 2 Gy per day, 5 days per week, for 7 weeks, resulting in a total dose of 70 Gy. The collagen integrity of the irradiated and non-irradiated samples was analyzed using Masson's trichrome and picrosirius red staining polarization microscopy. Samples subjected to RDT exhibited dentinal tubule obliteration (p < 0.001); low integrity of type I and III collagen fibers (p < 0.05); compositional reduction of calcium (p = 0.012), phosphorus (p = 0.001), and magnesium (p < 0.001); an increased Ca/P ratio (p < 0.001). RDT affects the structure of dentinal tubules, the inorganic composition of intra-radicular dentin, and the collagen fiber integrity in the root dentin, which may interfere with the effectiveness and durability of dental procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Ribeiro Martini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil
| | - Eduardo A Bortoluzzi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil
| | | | - Natalia C Trentin Bordignon
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil
| | - Paulo M Rodrigues
- Centro de Pesquisas Oncológicas(CEPON), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil
| | - Rogério Gondak
- Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina(UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil
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Loretto SC, Sousa NWA, Ribeiro MES, Carneiro RVDTSDM, Chisté R, Souza Júnior MHDSE. Influence of Tucupi on Enamel Surface Roughness, Microhardness, Ultramorphology and Mass Variation. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2023; 15:63-70. [PMID: 37091917 PMCID: PMC10120816 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s394661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim The study evaluated the influence of tucupi on enamel surface roughness, microhardness, ultramorphology, and mass variation. Materials and Methods Ninety healthy bovine incisors were divided into three experimental groups, according to the acidic challenge adopted, being: G1- tucupi, G2- cola-based soft drink, G3-distilled water. The enamel properties (surface roughness, microhardness, ultramorphology and mass variation) of all specimens were evaluated at times T0 (before any intervention), T10 (10 days after the proposed treatments), T20 (20 days after the proposed treatments) and T30 (30 days after the proposed treatments). After confirming the normality of the data (Shapiro-Wilk test), a two-way ANOVA (α = 5%) was performed, followed by Sidak post-test, with results described as mean and standard deviation. Results The roughness means increased for all tested groups, with no statistical difference only in G3 for all evaluated times. Microhardness of all groups showed a significant decrease over the time, with the lowest average observed in G1 in T30. Considering enamel mass variation, the lowest average was in G2 at time T3, with no statistical difference only in G3 (distilled water) over the time. Regarding ultramorphology (scanning electron microscopy - SEM), only groups G1 and G2, that were exposed to acidic challenges, showed disorganization of the enamel surface layer. Conclusion It was possible to conclude that tucupi has low pH and high titratable total acidity, being able to gradually decrease enamel microhardness, increasing surface roughness and causing loss of dental enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Cordeiro Loretto
- Multifunctional Laboratory, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, University Center of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
- Correspondence: Sandro Cordeiro Loretto, Multifunctional Laboratory, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, University Center of Pará, 1500 Dom Romualdo de Seixas Street. ap 602, Torre Umari, Umarizal, Belém, Pará, 66.055-200, Brazil, Tel +559198122-3477, Email
| | - Naama Waléria Alves Sousa
- Multifunctional Laboratory, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, University Center of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Mara Eliane Soares Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Renan Chisté
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Institute of Technology, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
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Pattem J, Field J, Waterhouse PJ, German MJ. The dynamic interplay of dietary acid pH and concentration during early-stage human enamel and dentine erosion. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2022.1040565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental erosion continues to be a significant global health concern affecting nearly 30% of adults world-wide. With increasing soft drink consumption predominantly driving its prevalence, strategies for prevention and control are often implemented when erosion is severe, or rates are high in the populace. While factors affecting dental erosion such as pH on enamel has received much attention, the effect of dietary acid concentration when factored out to a commercially available pH has yet to be determined. Furthermore, understanding these effects on dentine, which is known to be more susceptible to erosion than enamel can unravel structure property relationships between acid characteristics and hard tissue types. This study aimed to develop structure-property relationships between dietary acid concentration, and pH, on the nano-textural and nano-mechanical properties of human enamel and dentine during short-term simulated drinking. To achieve this, a novel sample preparation methodology and analysis approach was developed by applying atomic force microscopy (AFM) in quantitative imaging mode. This enabled simultaneous measurement of enamel and dentine morphology and mechanical properties. Flow-cells were used to simulate drinking, exposing polished and smear layer free human enamel and dentine to 30 s repeated cycles of unbuffered citric acid 6% (pH = 1.88) and 1% (w/v) (pH = 2.55) and commercially available buffered pH = 3.8 states, for up to 180 s. The same 50 µm × 50 µm area of specimen morphology was analysed using in-house developed nanotextural analysis using the bearing area curve (BAC) with a focus on roughness (Ra), normalised peak (PA) and valley areas (VA). Mechanical properties were simultaneously measured for stiffness (N/m) after each 30 s. While all studies agree pH is a major factor in the erosion of enamel, here its dominance over the treatment time varied, with concentration surpassing the importance of pH after initial acid contact. Conversely, dentine erosion showed concentration-dependent changes in morpho-mechanical properties only. These results not only highlight the dynamic process of erosion, but how the interplay between acid characteristics and dental tissue type impact the progression of very early-stage erosion.
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de Toledo PTA, Delbem ACB, Cannon ML, Sakamoto AE, Pedrini D. The effect of toothpaste with reduced concentration of fluoride-containing sodium trimetaphosphate and polyols on initial enamel erosion. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:7243-7252. [PMID: 35984512 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04684-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This in vitro study evaluated the efficacy of toothpaste containing fluoride (F), sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP), and xylitol and erythritol (XE) to inhibit or repair initial enamel erosion lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bovine enamel blocks (n = 120) were selected according to surface hardness (SH) and randomly divided into 5 experimental groups (n = 24 blocks/group): Placebo (no F, TMP, XE); 1100 ppm F; 16% xylitol + 4% erythritol (XE); 200 ppm F + 0.2% TMP (200 ppm F/TMP); and 200 ppm F + 0.2% TMP + 16% xylitol + 4% erythritol (200 ppm F/TMP/XE). The sound and softened blocks were immersed in toothpaste slurry in human saliva for 2 min. The blocks were then submitted to 4 erosive challenges in citric acid (0.75%, pH 3.5), each challenge for 1 min, with stirring. The SH of the blocks was determined after treatment (t) and after the 4 erosive challenges. In addition, the precipitates were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Variables were submitted to a two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance followed by a Student-Newman-Keuls test (p < 0.05). RESULTS Toothpaste containing 200 ppm F/TMP/XE led to the highest protective and repair effect compared to the other groups (p < 0.001). The protective and repair effect was XE > 200 ppm F/TMP > 1100 ppm F > placebo (p < 0.001). All groups produced precipitates with a thicker layer for XE and TMP groups. CONCLUSIONS Toothpaste containing 200 ppm F, TMP, and polyols demonstrated a superior protective and repair effect in initial enamel erosive lesions in vitro. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Toothpaste containing F and polyols could be an advantage in patients affected by dental erosion, due to its higher preventive potential, mainly in individuals who frequently drink acidic beverages. However, future studies are needed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Toninatto Alves de Toledo
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alberto Carlos Botazzo Delbem
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mark Lloyd Cannon
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Ann and Robert Lurie Children's Hospital, 420 E Superior St, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Amanda Eliane Sakamoto
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denise Pedrini
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Flemming J, Hannig C, Hannig M. Caries Management-The Role of Surface Interactions in De- and Remineralization-Processes. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11237044. [PMID: 36498618 PMCID: PMC9737279 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11237044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bioadhesion and surface interactions on enamel are of essential relevance for initiation, progression and prevention of caries and erosions. Salivary proteins on and within initial carious and erosive lesions can facilitate or aggravate de- and remineralization. This applies for the pellicle layer, the subsurface pellicle and for proteins within initial carious lesions. Little is known about these proteinaceous structures related to initial caries and erosion. Accordingly, there is a considerable demand for an understanding of the underlying processes occurring at the interface between the tooth surface and the oral cavity in order to develop novel agents that limit and modulate caries and erosion. Objectives and findings: The present paper depicts the current knowledge of the processes occurring at the interface of the tooth surface and the oral fluids. Proteinaceous layers on dental hard tissues can prevent or aggravate demineralization processes, whereas proteins within initial erosive or carious lesions might hinder remineralization considerably and restrict the entry of ions into lesions. CONCLUSIONS Despite the fact that organic-inorganic surface interactions are of essential relevance for de- and remineralization processes at the tooth surface, there is limited knowledge on these clinically relevant phenomena. Accordingly, intensive research is necessary to develop new approaches in preventive dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Flemming
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Christian Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, D-66424 Homburg, Germany
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Monomers Release from Direct and Indirect Resin-Based Restorations after Immersion in Common Beverages. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235158. [PMID: 36501552 PMCID: PMC9735919 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Impurities or degradation of the components of resin-based materials have been throughout investigated by the dental scientific community. The aim of this study is to examine if there is a release of monomers from resin-based materials when they are immersed in common beverage materials which are consumed by the population in large quantities. Three representative dental materials were used for this study, one resin composite indicated for direct restorations and two Computer Aided Design and Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) materials with different methods of fabrication. Forty specimens were fabricated from each material using a low-speed precision sectioning blade 12 × 14 × 2 mm in size and immersed in wine, coffee or cola for 48 h and 12 days, equivalent to 1 month and 1 year of consumption. The materials released more monomers when the materials were immersed in the wine solution (p < 0.05). CAD/CAM materials release less monomers compared to the resin composite material indicated for direct restorations (p < 0.05). The CAD/CAM materials leach a limited quantity of monomers when they are immersed in common beverages due to the manufacturing process which includes high-temperature/high-pressure polymerization.
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Jiménez-Gayosso SI, Morales-Luckie RA, Robles-Bermeo NL, Hernández-Martínez CT, Villalobos-Rodelo JJ, Islas-Zarazúa R, Navarrete-Hernández JDJ, Patiño-Marín N, Medina-Solís CE, Maupomé G. Changes in oral pH before and after placing preformed metal crowns in primary dentition of Mexican children. Technol Health Care 2022; 31:969-976. [PMID: 36442164 DOI: 10.3233/thc-220433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Prefabricated metal crowns (PMCs) have been widely used in pediatric dentistry due to their great success in various clinical situations. However, it is important to know the local effects, such as changes in pH in the oral environment. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the pH variations before and after placement of PMCs. METHODS: A quasi-experimental study (before and after) was performed with 32 pediatric patients who needed rehabilitation with PMCs at a pediatric dentistry clinic in a public university. Measurements were made using a pH potentiometer before PMC placement, one week after, and one month after placement. ANOVA and Pearson correlation were performed in SPSS. RESULTS: The average age of the participants was 5.9 ± 1.6 years, and 53.1% were female. The average pH before, one week after, and one month after crown placement was 7.46 ± 0.37, 7.00 ± 0.32, and 7.1 ± 0.19, respectively. Significant differences (p< 0.05) were observed between the three pH measurements. We found differences when comparing the basal pH values to those at one week (p= 0.001) and one month (p= 0.002). CONCLUSION: Although there were statistically significant differences in the pH change values before and after the placement of crowns, these differences may not have a clinical impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Isabel Jiménez-Gayosso
- Academic Area of Dentistry of Health Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Pachuca, Mexico
- Advanced Studies and Research Centre in Dentistry “Dr. Keisaburo Miyata”, Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University State of Mexico, Toluca, Mexico
- School of Dentistry, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Raúl Alberto Morales-Luckie
- Sustainable Chemistry UAEMex-UNAM Research Center, Faculty of Chemistry, Autonomous University State of Mexico, Toluca, Mexico
| | - Norma Leticia Robles-Bermeo
- Advanced Studies and Research Centre in Dentistry “Dr. Keisaburo Miyata”, Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University State of Mexico, Toluca, Mexico
| | - César Tadeo Hernández-Martínez
- Academic Area of Dentistry of Health Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Pachuca, Mexico
- Advanced Studies and Research Centre in Dentistry “Dr. Keisaburo Miyata”, Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University State of Mexico, Toluca, Mexico
- School of Dentistry, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | | | - Rosalina Islas-Zarazúa
- Advanced Studies and Research Centre in Dentistry “Dr. Keisaburo Miyata”, Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University State of Mexico, Toluca, Mexico
| | - José de Jesús Navarrete-Hernández
- Advanced Studies and Research Centre in Dentistry “Dr. Keisaburo Miyata”, Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University State of Mexico, Toluca, Mexico
| | - Nuria Patiño-Marín
- School of Dentistry, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Carlo Eduardo Medina-Solís
- Academic Area of Dentistry of Health Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Pachuca, Mexico
- School of Dentistry, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Maupomé
- Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Indiana University Network Science Institute, Bloomington, IN, USA
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Damian LR, Dumitrescu R, Alexa VT, Focht D, Schwartz C, Balean O, Jumanca D, Obistioiu D, Lalescu D, Stefaniga SA, Berbecea A, Fratila AD, Scurtu AD, Galuscan A. Impact of Dentistry Materials on Chemical Remineralisation/Infiltration versus Salivary Remineralisation of Enamel-In Vitro Study. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7258. [PMID: 36295323 PMCID: PMC9612028 DOI: 10.3390/ma15207258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate salivary remineralisation versus chemical remineralisation/infiltration of enamel, using different dentistry materials. The enamel changes were studied using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and the depth of lesions and demineralisation/remineralisation/infiltration percentage were calculated. Additionally, the macro elemental composition of the teeth was performed using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Two studies were performed: (i) demineralisation of enamel in 3% citric acid and infiltration treatment with infiltration resin (Icon, DMG), remineralisation with Fluor Protector (Ivoclar Vivadent) and artificial saliva pH 8; and (ii) enamel demineralisation in saliva at pH 3 and remineralisation at salivary pH 8. The results showed that, firstly, for the remineralisation of demineralised enamel samples, Fluor Protector (Ivoclar Vivadent) was very effective for medium demineralised lesions followed by saliva remineralisation. In cases of deep demineralisation lesions where fluoride could not penetrate, low viscosity resin (Icon, DMG, Hamburg) effectively infiltrated to stop the demineralisation process. Secondly, remineralisation in salivary conditions needed supplementary study over a longer period, to analyse the habits, diet and nutrition of patients in detail. Finally, demineralisation/remineralisation processes were found to influence the macro elemental composition of enamel demineralisation, with natural saliva proving to be less aggressive in terms of decreasing Ca and Mg content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia-Raluca Damian
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ramona Dumitrescu
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Vlad Tiberiu Alexa
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - David Focht
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristoph Schwartz
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Octavia Balean
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Daniela Jumanca
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Diana Obistioiu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences “King Michael I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului No. 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Dacian Lalescu
- Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences “King Michael I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului No. 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
| | | | - Adina Berbecea
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Life Sciences “King Michael I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului No. 119, 300641 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Aurora Doris Fratila
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Goethestr. 70, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandra Denisa Scurtu
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Atena Galuscan
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Augusto MG, Scaramucci T, Campos TMB, Aoki IV, Schlueter N, Borges AB. Film-Forming Polymers for Tooth Erosion Prevention. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194225. [PMID: 36236172 PMCID: PMC9573524 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Different agents have been proposed to prevent the progression of acid induced dental substance losses, which are called erosive tooth wear (ETW), such as fluorides, calcium, and phosphate-based products; however, there is a need for a further increase in efficacy. Recently, the ability of polymers to interact with the tooth surface, forming acid resistant films, has come into the focus of research; nevertheless, there is still the need for a better understanding of their mode of action. Thus, this article provides an overview of the chemical structure of polymers, their mode of action, as well as the effect of their incorporation into oral care products, acid beverages, and antacid formulations, targeting the prevention of ETW. Recent evidence indicates that this may be a promising approach, however, additional studies are needed to confirm their efficacy under more relevant clinical conditions that consider salivary parameters such as flow rate, composition, and clearance. The standardization of methodological procedures such as acid challenge, treatment duration, and combination with fluorides is necessary to allow further comparisons between studies. In conclusion, film-forming polymers may be a promising cost-effective approach to prevent and control erosive demineralization of the dental hard tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Gullo Augusto
- Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São José dos Campos 12245-000, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Centro Universitário de Cascavel–UNIVEL, Av. Tito Muffato, 317-Santa Cruz, Cascavel 85806-080, Brazil
| | - Tais Scaramucci
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo-USP, São Paulo 12245-000, Brazil
| | | | - Idalina Vieira Aoki
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic School, University of São Paulo-USP, São Paulo 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Nadine Schlueter
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Alessandra Bühler Borges
- Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São José dos Campos 12245-000, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-12-3947-9374
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Arafa A, Filfilan SS, Fansa HA. Erosive effect of beverages on surface hardness and ultra-structure of deciduous teeth enamel. PEDIATRIC DENTAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdj.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Zhang ML, Ran LQ, Wu MJ, Jia QC, Qin ZM, Peng YG. NF-κB: A novel therapeutic pathway for gastroesophageal reflux disease? World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:8436-8442. [PMID: 36157831 PMCID: PMC9453379 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i24.8436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Although gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a common chronic disease in clinical practice, has been widely studied, its potential adverse impact on patients is still a significant clinical concern. It is necessary to understand the pathogenesis of the disease and choose appropriate treatment according to its mechanism. The pathogenesis of GERD is diverse and complex. As the traditional treatment methods are expensive and ineffective in alleviating symptoms in some patients, new treatment options need to be explored. Our previous study suggested that the activation of nuclear factor-kappa beta (NF-κB) in esophageal mucosa may be related to the injury of epithelial barrier function caused by reflux. Based on the literature and our previous study results, it is speculated that inhibition of NF-κB activation may block the insult of GERD on the esophageal mucosal barrier. NF-κB may play an important role in the development of GERD. This article reviews the pathogenesis of GERD and the relationship between NF-κB and GERD, in order to provide new strategies for the treatment of GERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Lin Zhang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Long-Qing Ran
- Department of Anesthesia, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610019, China
| | - Meng-Jun Wu
- Department of Anesthesia, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610019, China
| | - Qin-Chen Jia
- Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Qin
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Yong G Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States
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Microbial Poly-γ-Glutamic Acid (γ-PGA) as an Effective Tooth Enamel Protectant. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14142937. [PMID: 35890712 PMCID: PMC9317725 DOI: 10.3390/polym14142937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) is a bio-derived water-soluble, edible, non-immunogenic nylon-like polymer with the biochemical characteristics of a polypeptide. This Bacillus-derived material has great potential for a wide range of applications, from bioremediation to tunable drug delivery systems. In the context of oral care, γ-PGA holds great promise in enamel demineralisation prevention. The salivary protein statherin has previously been shown to protect tooth enamel from acid dissolution and act as a reservoir for free calcium ions within oral cavities. Its superb enamel-binding capacity is attributed to the L-glutamic acid residues of this 5380 Da protein. In this study, γ-PGA was successfully synthesised from Bacillus subtilis natto cultivated on supplemented algae media and standard commercial media. The polymers obtained were tested for their potential to inhibit demineralisation of hydroxyapatite (HAp) when exposed to caries simulating acidic conditions. Formulations presenting 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 2, 3 and 4% (w/v) γ-PGA concentration were assessed to determine the optimal conditions. Our data suggests that both the concentration and the molar mass of the γ-PGA were significant in enamel protection (p = 0.028 and p < 0.01 respectively). Ion Selective Electrode, combined with Fourier Transform Infra-Red studies, were employed to quantify enamel protection capacity of γ-PGA. All concentrations tested showed an inhibitory effect on the dissolution rate of calcium ions from hydroxyapatite, with 1% (wt) and 2% (wt) concentrations being the most effective. The impact of the average molar mass (M) on enamel dissolution was also investigated by employing commercial 66 kDa, 166 kDa, 440 kDa and 520 kDa γ-PGA fractions. All γ-PGA solutions adhered to the surface of HAp with evidence that this remained after 60 min of continuous acidic challenge. Inductively Coupled Plasma analysis showed a significant abundance of calcium ions associated with γ-PGA, which suggests that this material could also act as a responsive calcium delivery system. We have concluded that all γ-PGA samples tested (commercial and algae derived) display enamel protection capacity regardless of their concentration or average molar mass. However, we believe that γ-PGA D/L ratios might affect the binding more than its molar mass.
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Schestakow A, Nekrashevych Y, Hoth-Hannig W, Hannig M. Influence of periodic polyphenol treatment on the anti-erosive potential of the acquired enamel pellicle-A qualitative exploratory study. J Dent 2022; 124:104236. [PMID: 35850367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of periodic polyphenol treatment on the ultrastructure and anti-erosive potential of an in-situ formed pellicle. METHODS Subjects wore intraoral appliances with buccally and palatally fixed bovine enamel specimens. During 6 h of intraoral pellicle formation, 100 ml black tea or tannic acid was applied ex-vivo every 25 min for 5 min. Untreated pellicles served as control. After the trial, specimens were immersed in 0.1% or 1% citric acid for 60 s and analysed for calcium release with atomic adsorption spectrometry and ultrastructure with transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS Specimens covered by pellicles treated with black tea or tannic acid released less calcium than untreated pellicles. Ultrastructural analyses reveal an increase in pellicle's thickness and density after treatment with polyphenols. CONCLUSIONS Periodic polyphenol treatment of the pellicle modify its ultrastructure and increase its anti-erosive potential. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Consumption of polyphenolic beverages can enhance the anti-erosive potential of the enamel pellicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Schestakow
- Dentist, Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
| | - Yuriy Nekrashevych
- Dentist, Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Wiebke Hoth-Hannig
- Technical Staff, Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Dentist, Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
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