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Köhler D, Leiss V, Beichert L, Killinger S, Grothe D, Kushwaha R, Schröter A, Roslan A, Eggstein C, Focken J, Granja T, Devanathan V, Schittek B, Lukowski R, Weigelin B, Rosenberger P, Nürnberg B, Beer-Hammer S. Targeting Gα i2 in neutrophils protects from myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. Basic Res Cardiol 2024:10.1007/s00395-024-01057-x. [PMID: 38811421 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-024-01057-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophils are not only involved in immune defense against infection but also contribute to the exacerbation of tissue damage after ischemia and reperfusion. We have previously shown that genetic ablation of regulatory Gαi proteins in mice has both protective and deleterious effects on myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (mIRI), depending on which isoform is deleted. To deepen and analyze these findings in more detail the contribution of Gαi2 proteins in resident cardiac vs circulating blood cells for mIRI was first studied in bone marrow chimeras. In fact, the absence of Gαi2 in all blood cells reduced the extent of mIRI (22,9% infarct size of area at risk (AAR) Gnai2-/- → wt vs 44.0% wt → wt; p < 0.001) whereas the absence of Gαi2 in non-hematopoietic cells increased the infarct damage (66.5% wt → Gnai2-/- vs 44.0% wt → wt; p < 0.001). Previously we have reported the impact of platelet Gαi2 for mIRI. Here, we show that infarct size was substantially reduced when Gαi2 signaling was either genetically ablated in neutrophils/macrophages using LysM-driven Cre recombinase (AAR: 17.9% Gnai2fl/fl LysM-Cre+/tg vs 42.0% Gnai2fl/fl; p < 0.01) or selectively blocked with specific antibodies directed against Gαi2 (AAR: 19.0% (anti-Gαi2) vs 49.0% (IgG); p < 0.001). In addition, the number of platelet-neutrophil complexes (PNCs) in the infarcted area were reduced in both, genetically modified (PNCs: 18 (Gnai2fl/fl; LysM-Cre+/tg) vs 31 (Gnai2fl/fl); p < 0.001) and in anti-Gαi2 antibody-treated (PNCs: 9 (anti-Gαi2) vs 33 (IgG); p < 0.001) mice. Of note, significant infarct-limiting effects were achieved with a single anti-Gαi2 antibody challenge immediately prior to vessel reperfusion without affecting bleeding time, heart rate or cellular distribution of neutrophils. Finally, anti-Gαi2 antibody treatment also inhibited transendothelial migration of human neutrophils (25,885 (IgG) vs 13,225 (anti-Gαi2) neutrophils; p < 0.001), collectively suggesting that a therapeutic concept of functional Gαi2 inhibition during thrombolysis and reperfusion in patients with myocardial infarction should be further considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Köhler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Veronika Leiss
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Eberhard Karls University, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomic and Drug Research, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lukas Beichert
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Eberhard Karls University, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomic and Drug Research, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Simon Killinger
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Eberhard Karls University, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomic and Drug Research, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniela Grothe
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Eberhard Karls University, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomic and Drug Research, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ragini Kushwaha
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Eberhard Karls University, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomic and Drug Research, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Agnes Schröter
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Eberhard Karls University, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomic and Drug Research, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anna Roslan
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Claudia Eggstein
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jule Focken
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tiago Granja
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Vasudharani Devanathan
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Eberhard Karls University, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomic and Drug Research, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati, 517507, India
| | - Birgit Schittek
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Lukowski
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bettina Weigelin
- Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Multiscale Immunoimaging, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Rosenberger
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernd Nürnberg
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Eberhard Karls University, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomic and Drug Research, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sandra Beer-Hammer
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Eberhard Karls University, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomic and Drug Research, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany.
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Vilahur G, Radike M, Sutelman P, Ben-Aicha S, Gutiérrez M, Casaní L, Hovdal D, Ongstad EL, Gabrielsen A, Hidalgo A, Fjellström O, Carlsson L, Badimon L. Recombinant human soluble domain of CD39L3 and ticagrelor: cardioprotective effects in experimental myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:1553-1567. [PMID: 38486376 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases of the CD39 family degrade ATP and ADP into AMP, which is converted into adenosine by the extracellular CD73/ecto-5-nucleotidase. This pathway has been explored in antithrombotic treatments but little in myocardial protection. We have investigated whether the administration of solCD39L3 (AZD3366) confers additional cardioprotection to that of ticagrelor alone in a pre-clinical model of myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS Ticagrelor-treated pigs underwent balloon-induced MI (90 min) and, before reperfusion, received intravenously either vehicle, 1 mg/kg AZD3366 or 3 mg/kg AZD3366. All animals received ticagrelor twice daily for 42 days. A non-treated MI group was run as a control. Serial cardiac magnetic resonance (baseline, Day 3 and Day 42 post-MI), light transmittance aggregometry, bleeding time, and histological and molecular analyses were performed. RESULTS Ticagrelor reduced oedema formation and infarct size at Day 3 post-MI vs. controls. A 3 mg/kg AZD3366 provided an additional 45% reduction in oedema and infarct size compared with ticagrelor and a 70% reduction vs. controls (P < .05). At Day 42, infarct size declined in all ticagrelor-administered pigs, particularly in 3 mg/kg AZD3366-treated pigs (P < .05). Left ventricular ejection fraction was diminished at Day 3 in placebo pigs and worsened at Day 42, whereas it remained unaltered in ticagrelor ± AZD3366-administered animals. Pigs administered with 3 mg/kg AZD3366 displayed higher left ventricular ejection fraction upon dobutamine stress at Day 3 and minimal dysfunctional segmental contraction at Day 42 (χ2P < .05 vs. all). Cardiac and systemic molecular readouts supported these benefits. Interestingly, AZD3366 abolished ADP-induced light transmittance aggregometry without affecting bleeding time. CONCLUSIONS Infusion of AZD3366 on top of ticagrelor leads to enhanced cardioprotection compared with ticagrelor alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Vilahur
- Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, C/Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, Barcelona 08025, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Monika Radike
- Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, C/Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, Barcelona 08025, Spain
- Radiology Department, Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Pablo Sutelman
- Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, C/Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, Barcelona 08025, Spain
| | - Soumaya Ben-Aicha
- Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, C/Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, Barcelona 08025, Spain
| | - Manuel Gutiérrez
- Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, C/Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, Barcelona 08025, Spain
| | - Laura Casaní
- Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, C/Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, Barcelona 08025, Spain
| | - Daniel Hovdal
- DMPK, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emily L Ongstad
- Bioscience Cardiovascular, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Anders Gabrielsen
- Early Clinical Development, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Ola Fjellström
- Projects, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Leif Carlsson
- Bioscience Cardiovascular, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Lina Badimon
- Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, C/Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, Barcelona 08025, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Eckle T, Bertazzo J, Khatua TN, Tabatabaei SRF, Bakhtiari NM, Walker LA, Martino TA. Circadian Influences on Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Heart Failure. Circ Res 2024; 134:675-694. [PMID: 38484024 PMCID: PMC10947118 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The impact of circadian rhythms on cardiovascular function and disease development is well established, with numerous studies in genetically modified animals emphasizing the circadian molecular clock's significance in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of myocardial ischemia and heart failure progression. However, translational preclinical studies targeting the heart's circadian biology are just now emerging and are leading to the development of a novel field of medicine termed circadian medicine. In this review, we explore circadian molecular mechanisms and novel therapies, including (1) intense light, (2) small molecules modulating the circadian mechanism, and (3) chronotherapies such as cardiovascular drugs and meal timings. These promise significant clinical translation in circadian medicine for cardiovascular disease. (4) Additionally, we address the differential functioning of the circadian mechanism in males versus females, emphasizing the consideration of biological sex, gender, and aging in circadian therapies for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Eckle
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Júlia Bertazzo
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Tarak Nath Khatua
- Centre for Cardiovascular Investigations, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Seyed Reza Fatemi Tabatabaei
- Centre for Cardiovascular Investigations, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Naghmeh Moori Bakhtiari
- Centre for Cardiovascular Investigations, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lori A Walker
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Tami A. Martino
- Centre for Cardiovascular Investigations, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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4
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Aoki T, Wong V, Yin T, Nakamura E, Endo Y, Hayashida K, Robson SC, Nandurkar H, Diamond B, Kim SJ, Murao A, Wang P, Becker LB, Shinozaki K. Immune cell expression patterns of CD39/CD73 ectonucleotidases in rodent models of cardiac arrest and resuscitation. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1362858. [PMID: 38545102 PMCID: PMC10967020 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1362858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiac arrest (CA) is a significant public health concern. There is the high imminent mortality and survival in those who are resuscitated is substantively compromised by the post-CA syndrome (PCAS), characterized by multiorgan ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). The inflammatory response in PCAS is complex and involves various immune cell types, including lymphocytes and myeloid cells that have been shown to exacerbate organ IRI, such as myocardial infarction. Purinergic signaling, as regulated by CD39 and CD73, has emerged as centrally important in the context of organ-specific IRI. Hence, comprehensive understanding of such purinergic responses may be likewise imperative for improving outcomes in PCAS. Methods We have investigated alterations of immune cell populations after CA by utilizing rodent models of PCAS. Blood and spleen were collected after CA and resuscitation and underwent flow cytometry analysis to evaluate shifts in CD3+CD4+ helper T cells, CD3+CD8a+ cytotoxic T cells, and CD4/CD8a ratios. We then examined the expression of CD39 and CD73 across diverse cell types, including myeloid cells, T lymphocytes, and B lymphocytes. Results In both rat and mouse models, there were significant increases in the frequency of CD3+CD4+ T lymphocytes in PCAS (rat, P < 0.01; mouse, P < 0.001), with consequently elevated CD4/CD8a ratios in whole blood (both, P < 0.001). Moreover, CD39 and CD73 expression on blood leukocytes were markedly increased (rat, P < 0.05; mouse, P < 0.01 at 24h). Further analysis in the experimental mouse model revealed that CD11b+ myeloid cells, with significant increase in their population (P < 0.01), had high level of CD39 (88.80 ± 2.05 %) and increased expression of CD73 (P < 0.05). CD19+ B lymphocytes showed slight increases of CD39 (P < 0.05 at 2h) and CD73 (P < 0.05 at 2h), while, CD3+ T lymphocytes had decreased levels of them. These findings suggested a distinct patterns of expression of CD39 and CD73 in these specific immune cell populations after CA. Conclusions These data have provided comprehensive insights into the immune response after CA, highlighting high-level expressions of CD39 and CD73 in myeloid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Aoki
- Department of Emergency Med-Cardiopulmonary, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Vanessa Wong
- Department of Emergency Med-Cardiopulmonary, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
- State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, NY, United States
| | - Tai Yin
- Department of Emergency Med-Cardiopulmonary, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Eriko Nakamura
- Department of Emergency Med-Cardiopulmonary, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Yusuke Endo
- Department of Emergency Med-Cardiopulmonary, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Kei Hayashida
- Department of Emergency Med-Cardiopulmonary, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Simon C. Robson
- Department of Anesthesia, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Harshal Nandurkar
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Betty Diamond
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Sun Jung Kim
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Atsushi Murao
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Lance B. Becker
- Department of Emergency Med-Cardiopulmonary, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health, Hempstead, NY, United States
| | - Koichiro Shinozaki
- Department of Emergency Med-Cardiopulmonary, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health, Hempstead, NY, United States
- Department of Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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5
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Long H, Steimle JD, Grisanti Canozo FJ, Kim JH, Li X, Morikawa Y, Park M, Turaga D, Adachi I, Wythe JD, Samee MAH, Martin JF. Endothelial cells adopt a pro-reparative immune responsive signature during cardiac injury. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202201870. [PMID: 38012001 PMCID: PMC10681909 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Modulation of the heart's immune microenvironment is crucial for recovery after ischemic events such as myocardial infarction (MI). Endothelial cells (ECs) can have immune regulatory functions; however, interactions between ECs and the immune environment in the heart after MI remain poorly understood. We identified an EC-specific IFN responsive and immune regulatory gene signature in adult and pediatric heart failure (HF) tissues. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of murine hearts subjected to MI uncovered an EC population (IFN-ECs) with immunologic gene signatures similar to those in human HF. IFN-ECs were enriched in regenerative-stage mouse hearts and expressed genes encoding immune responsive transcription factors (Irf7, Batf2, and Stat1). Single-cell chromatin accessibility studies revealed an enrichment of these TF motifs at IFN-EC signature genes. Expression of immune regulatory ligand genes by IFN-ECs suggests bidirectional signaling between IFN-ECs and macrophages in regenerative-stage hearts. Our data suggest that ECs may adopt immune regulatory signatures after cardiac injury to accompany the reparative response. The presence of these signatures in human HF and murine MI models suggests a potential role for EC-mediated immune regulation in responding to stress induced by acute injury in MI and chronic adverse remodeling in HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hali Long
- https://ror.org/02pttbw34 Interdepartmental Program in Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/02pttbw34 Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Steimle
- https://ror.org/02pttbw34 Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Jong Hwan Kim
- https://ror.org/02pttbw34 Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/00r4vsg44 Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, The Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiao Li
- https://ror.org/00r4vsg44 Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, The Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yuka Morikawa
- https://ror.org/00r4vsg44 Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, The Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Minjun Park
- https://ror.org/02pttbw34 Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Diwakar Turaga
- https://ror.org/02pttbw34 Section of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Iki Adachi
- https://ror.org/02pttbw34 Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joshua D Wythe
- https://ror.org/02pttbw34 Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/02pttbw34 Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Md Abul Hassan Samee
- https://ror.org/02pttbw34 Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - James F Martin
- https://ror.org/02pttbw34 Interdepartmental Program in Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/02pttbw34 Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/00r4vsg44 Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, The Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/02pttbw34 Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/02pttbw34 Center for Organ Repair and Renewal, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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6
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Favre J, Roy C, Guihot AL, Drouin A, Laprise M, Gillis MA, Robson SC, Thorin E, Sévigny J, Henrion D, Kauffenstein G. NTPDase1/CD39 Ectonucleotidase Is Necessary for Normal Arterial Diameter Adaptation to Flow. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15038. [PMID: 37894719 PMCID: PMC10606763 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
NTPDase1/CD39, the major vascular ectonucleotidase, exerts thrombo-immunoregulatory function by controlling endothelial P2 receptor activation. Despite the well-described release of ATP from endothelial cells, few data are available regarding the potential role of CD39 as a regulator of arterial diameter. We thus investigated the contribution of CD39 in short-term diameter adaptation and long-term arterial remodeling in response to flow using Entpd1-/- male mice. Compared to wild-type littermates, endothelial-dependent relaxation was modified in Entpd1-/- mice. Specifically, the vasorelaxation in response to ATP was potentiated in both conductance (aorta) and small resistance (mesenteric and coronary) arteries. By contrast, the relaxing responses to acetylcholine were supra-normalized in thoracic aortas while decreased in resistance arteries from Entpd1-/- mice. Acute flow-mediated dilation, measured via pressure myography, was dramatically diminished and outward remodeling induced by in vivo chronic increased shear stress was altered in the mesenteric resistance arteries isolated from Entpd1-/- mice compared to wild-types. Finally, changes in vascular reactivity in Entpd1-/- mice were also evidenced by a decrease in the coronary output measured in isolated perfused hearts compared to the wild-type mice. Our results highlight a key regulatory role for purinergic signaling and CD39 in endothelium-dependent short- and long-term arterial diameter adaptation to increased flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Favre
- MITOVASC Institute, CARFI Facility, CNRS UMR 6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, 49045 Angers, France; (J.F.); (D.H.)
| | - Charlotte Roy
- MITOVASC Institute, CARFI Facility, CNRS UMR 6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, 49045 Angers, France; (J.F.); (D.H.)
| | - Anne-Laure Guihot
- MITOVASC Institute, CARFI Facility, CNRS UMR 6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, 49045 Angers, France; (J.F.); (D.H.)
| | - Annick Drouin
- Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Manon Laprise
- Animal Physiology Service, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada;
| | - Marc-Antoine Gillis
- Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Simon C. Robson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Eric Thorin
- Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Jean Sévigny
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et D’immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Daniel Henrion
- MITOVASC Institute, CARFI Facility, CNRS UMR 6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, 49045 Angers, France; (J.F.); (D.H.)
| | - Gilles Kauffenstein
- MITOVASC Institute, CARFI Facility, CNRS UMR 6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, 49045 Angers, France; (J.F.); (D.H.)
- INSERM UMR 1260—Regenerative Nanomedicine, CRBS, Strasbourg University, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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7
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Mierzejewska P, Di Marzo N, Zabielska-Kaczorowska MA, Walczak I, Slominska EM, Lavitrano M, Giovannoni R, Kutryb-Zajac B, Smolenski RT. Endothelial Effects of Simultaneous Expression of Human HO-1, E5NT, and ENTPD1 in a Mouse. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1409. [PMID: 37895880 PMCID: PMC10610121 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The vascular endothelium is key target for immune and thrombotic responses that has to be controlled in successful xenotransplantation. Several genes were identified that, if induced or overexpressed, help to regulate the inflammatory response and preserve the transplanted organ function and metabolism. However, few studies addressed combined expression of such genes. The aim of this work was to evaluate in vivo the effects of the simultaneous expression of three human genes in a mouse generated using the multi-cistronic F2A technology. Male 3-month-old mice that express human heme oxygenase 1 (hHO-1), ecto-5'-nucleotidase (hE5NT), and ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (hENTPD1) (Transgenic) were compared to wild-type FVB mice (Control). Background analysis include extracellular nucleotide catabolism enzymes profile on the aortic surface, blood nucleotide concentration, and serum L-arginine metabolites. Furthermore, inflammatory stress induced by LPS in transgenic and control mice was used to characterize interleukin 6 (IL-6) and adhesion molecules endothelium permeability responses. Transgenic mice had significantly higher rates of extracellular adenosine triphosphate and adenosine monophosphate hydrolysis on the aortic surface in comparison to control. Increased levels of blood AMP and adenosine were also noticed in transgenics. Moreover, transgenic animals demonstrated the decrease in serum monomethyl-L-arginine level and a higher L-arginine/monomethyl-L-arginine ratio. Importantly, significantly decreased serum IL-6, and adhesion molecule levels were observed in transgenic mice in comparison to control after LPS treatment. Furthermore, reduced endothelial permeability in the LPS-treated transgenic mice was noted as compared to LPS-treated control. The human enzymes (hHO-1, hE5NT, hENTPD1) simultaneously encoded in transgenic mice demonstrated benefits in several biochemical and functional aspects of endothelium. This is consistent in use of this approach in the context of xenotransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Mierzejewska
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1 St., 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (P.M.); (M.A.Z.-K.); (I.W.); (E.M.S.)
| | - Noemi Di Marzo
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (N.D.M.); (M.L.); (R.G.)
| | - Magdalena A. Zabielska-Kaczorowska
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1 St., 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (P.M.); (M.A.Z.-K.); (I.W.); (E.M.S.)
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1 St., 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Iga Walczak
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1 St., 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (P.M.); (M.A.Z.-K.); (I.W.); (E.M.S.)
| | - Ewa M. Slominska
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1 St., 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (P.M.); (M.A.Z.-K.); (I.W.); (E.M.S.)
| | - Marialuisa Lavitrano
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (N.D.M.); (M.L.); (R.G.)
| | - Roberto Giovannoni
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (N.D.M.); (M.L.); (R.G.)
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56026 Pisa, Italy
| | - Barbara Kutryb-Zajac
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1 St., 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (P.M.); (M.A.Z.-K.); (I.W.); (E.M.S.)
| | - Ryszard T. Smolenski
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1 St., 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (P.M.); (M.A.Z.-K.); (I.W.); (E.M.S.)
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Gomchok D, Ge RL, Wuren T. Platelets in Renal Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14724. [PMID: 37834171 PMCID: PMC10572297 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney disease is a major global health concern, affecting millions of people. Nephrologists have shown interest in platelets because of coagulation disorders caused by renal diseases. With a better understanding of platelets, it has been found that these anucleate and abundant blood cells not only play a role in hemostasis, but also have important functions in inflammation and immunity. Platelets are not only affected by kidney disease, but may also contribute to kidney disease progression by mediating inflammation and immune effects. This review summarizes the current evidence regarding platelet abnormalities in renal disease, and the multiple effects of platelets on kidney disease progression. The relationship between platelets and kidney disease is still being explored, and further research can provide mechanistic insights into the relationship between thrombosis, bleeding, and inflammation related to kidney disease, and elucidate targeted therapies for patients with kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drolma Gomchok
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, School of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China; (D.G.); (R.-L.G.)
| | - Ri-Li Ge
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, School of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China; (D.G.); (R.-L.G.)
- Key Laboratory for Application for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China
| | - Tana Wuren
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, School of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China; (D.G.); (R.-L.G.)
- Key Laboratory for Application for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China
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9
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Birnbaum Y, Ye R, Chen H, Carlsson L, Whatling C, Fjellström O, Ryberg E, Ye Y. Recombinant Apyrase (AZD3366) Against Myocardial Reperfusion Injury. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2023; 37:625-646. [PMID: 35192075 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-022-07329-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recombinant apyrase (AZD3366) increases adenosine production and ticagrelor inhibits adenosine reuptake. We investigated whether intravenous AZD3366 before reperfusion reduces myocardial infarct size (IS) and whether AZD3366 and ticagrelor have additive effects. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats underwent 30 min ischemia. At 25 min of ischemia, animals received intravenous AZD3366 or vehicle. Additional animals received intravenous CGS15943 (an adenosine receptor blocker) or intraperitoneal ticagrelor. At 24 h reperfusion, IS was assessed by triphenyltetrazolium chloride. Other rats were subjected to 30 min ischemia followed by 1 h or 24 h reperfusion. Myocardial samples were assessed for adenosine levels, RT-PCR, and immunoblotting. RESULTS AZD3366 and ticagrelor reduced IS. The protective effect was blocked by CGS15943. The effect of AZD3366 + ticagrelor was significantly greater than AZD3366. One hour after infarction, myocardial adenosine levels significantly increased with AZD3366, but not with ticagrelor. In contrast, 24 h after infarction, adenosine levels were equally increased by AZD3366 and ticagrelor, and levels were higher in the AZD3366 + ticagrelor group. One hour after reperfusion, AZD3366 and ticagrelor equally attenuated the increase in interleukin-15 (an early inflammatory marker after ischemic cell death) levels, and their combined effects were additive. AZD3366, but not ticagrelor, significantly attenuated the increase in RIP1, RIP3, and P-MLKL (markers of necroptosis) 1 h after reperfusion. AZD3366, but not ticagrelor, significantly attenuated the increase in IL-6 and GSDMD-N (markers of pyroptosis) 1 h after reperfusion. At 24 h of reperfusion, both agents equally attenuated the increase in these markers, and their effects were additive. CONCLUSIONS AZD3366 attenuated inflammation, necrosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis and limited IS. The effects of AZD3366 and ticagrelor were additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yochai Birnbaum
- The Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, 7200 Cambridge Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Regina Ye
- University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Acupuncture, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Branch, University of Texas, 301 University Blvd, BSB 648, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Leif Carlsson
- Bioscience Cardiovascular, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Carl Whatling
- Translational Sciences and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ola Fjellström
- Projects, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Erik Ryberg
- Bioscience Cardiovascular, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yumei Ye
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Branch, University of Texas, 301 University Blvd, BSB 648, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.
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10
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Kelestemur T, Németh ZH, Pacher P, Beesley J, Robson SC, Eltzschig HK, Haskó G. Adenosine metabolized from extracellular ATP ameliorates organ injury by triggering A 2BR signaling. Respir Res 2023; 24:186. [PMID: 37438813 PMCID: PMC10339538 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02486-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trauma and a subsequent hemorrhagic shock (T/HS) result in insufficient oxygen delivery to tissues and multiple organ failure. Extracellular adenosine, which is a product of the extracellular degradation of adenosine 5' triphosphate (ATP) by the membrane-embedded enzymes CD39 and CD73, is organ protective, as it participates in signaling pathways, which promote cell survival and suppress inflammation through adenosine receptors including the A2BR. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of CD39 and CD73 delivering adenosine to A2BRs in regulating the host's response to T/HS. METHODS T/HS shock was induced by blood withdrawal from the femoral artery in wild-type, global knockout (CD39, CD73, A2BR) and conditional knockout (intestinal epithelial cell-specific deficient VillinCre-A2BRfl/fl) mice. At 3 three hours after resuscitation, blood and tissue samples were collected to analyze organ injury. RESULTS T/HS upregulated the expression of CD39, CD73, and the A2BR in organs. ATP and adenosine levels increased after T/HS in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. CD39, CD73, and A2BR mimics/agonists alleviated lung and liver injury. Antagonists or the CD39, CD73, and A2BR knockout (KO) exacerbated lung injury, inflammatory cytokines, and chemokines as well as macrophage and neutrophil infiltration and accumulation in the lung. Agonists reduced the levels of the liver enzymes aspartate transferase and alanine transaminase in the blood, whereas antagonist administration or CD39, CD73, and A2BR KO enhanced enzyme levels. In addition, intestinal epithelial cell-specific deficient VillinCre-A2BRfl/fl mice showed increased intestinal injury compared to their wild-type VillinCre controls. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the CD39-CD73-A2BR axis protects against T/HS-induced multiple organ failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taha Kelestemur
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, 630 W 168th Street, New York City, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zoltán H Németh
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, 630 W 168th Street, New York City, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Surgery, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ, 07960, USA
| | - Pal Pacher
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jennet Beesley
- Daresbury Proteins Ltd, Sci-Tech Daresbury, Warrington, UK
| | - Simon C Robson
- Department of Anesthesia, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Holger K Eltzschig
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - György Haskó
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, 630 W 168th Street, New York City, NY, 10032, USA.
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11
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Ruan W, Li J, Choi S, Ma X, Liang Y, Nair R, Yuan X, Mills TW, Eltzschig HK. Targeting myocardial equilibrative nucleoside transporter ENT1 provides cardioprotection by enhancing myeloid Adora2b signaling. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e166011. [PMID: 37288658 PMCID: PMC10393224 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.166011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies implicate extracellular adenosine signaling in attenuating myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI). This extracellular adenosine signaling is terminated by its uptake into cells by equilibrative nucleoside transporters (ENTs). Thus, we hypothesized that targeting ENTs would function to increase cardiac adenosine signaling and concomitant cardioprotection against IRI. Mice were exposed to myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury. Myocardial injury was attenuated in mice treated with the nonspecific ENT inhibitor dipyridamole. A comparison of mice with global Ent1 or Ent2 deletion showed cardioprotection only in Ent1-/- mice. Moreover, studies with tissue-specific Ent deletion revealed that mice with myocyte-specific Ent1 deletion (Ent1loxP/loxP Myosin Cre+ mice) experienced smaller infarct sizes. Measurements of cardiac adenosine levels demonstrated that postischemic elevations of adenosine persisted during reperfusion after targeting ENTs. Finally, studies in mice with global or myeloid-specific deletion of the Adora2b adenosine receptor (Adora2bloxP/loxP LysM Cre+ mice) implied that Adora2b signaling on myeloid-inflammatory cells in cardioprotection provided by ENT inhibition. These studies reveal a previously unrecognized role for myocyte-specific ENT1 in cardioprotection by enhancing myeloid-dependent Adora2b signaling during reperfusion. Extension of these findings implicates adenosine transporter inhibitors in cardioprotection against ischemia and reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ruan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiwen Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Seungwon Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xinxin Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yafen Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ragini Nair
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaoyi Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Tingting W. Mills
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Holger K. Eltzschig
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
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Forstner D, Guettler J, Brugger BA, Lyssy F, Neuper L, Daxboeck C, Cvirn G, Fuchs J, Kraeker K, Frolova A, Valdes DS, Stern C, Hirschmugl B, Fluhr H, Wadsack C, Huppertz B, Nonn O, Herse F, Gauster M. CD39 abrogates platelet-derived factors induced IL-1β expression in the human placenta. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1183793. [PMID: 37325567 PMCID: PMC10264854 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1183793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue insults in response to inflammation, hypoxia and ischemia are accompanied by the release of ATP into the extracellular space. There, ATP modulates several pathological processes, including chemotaxis, inflammasome induction and platelet activation. ATP hydrolysis is significantly enhanced in human pregnancy, suggesting that increased conversion of extracellular ATP is an important anti-inflammatory process in preventing exaggerated inflammation, platelet activation and hemostasis in gestation. Extracellular ATP is converted into AMP, and subsequently into adenosine by the two major nucleotide-metabolizing enzymes CD39 and CD73. Here, we aimed to elucidate developmental changes of placental CD39 and CD73 over gestation, compared their expression in placental tissue from patients with preeclampsia and healthy controls, and analyzed their regulation in response to platelet-derived factors and different oxygen conditions in placental explants as well as the trophoblast cell line BeWo. Linear regression analysis showed a significant increase in placental CD39 expression, while at the same time CD73 levels declined at term of pregnancy. Neither maternal smoking during first trimester, fetal sex, maternal age, nor maternal BMI revealed any effects on placental CD39 and CD73 expression. Immunohistochemistry detected both, CD39 and CD73, predominantly in the syncytiotrophoblast layer. Placental CD39 and CD73 expression were significantly increased in pregnancies complicated with preeclampsia, when compared to controls. Cultivation of placental explants under different oxygen conditions had no effect on the ectonucleotidases, whereas presence of platelet releasate from pregnant women led to deregulated CD39 expression. Overexpression of recombinant human CD39 in BeWo cells decreased extracellular ATP levels after culture in presence of platelet-derived factors. Moreover, platelet-derived factors-induced upregulation of the pro-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-1β, was abolished by CD39 overexpression. Our study shows that placental CD39 is upregulated in preeclampsia, suggesting an increasing demand for extracellular ATP hydrolysis at the utero-placental interface. Increased placental CD39 in response to platelet-derived factors may lead to enhanced conversion of extracellular ATP levels, which in turn could represent an important anti-coagulant defense mechanism of the placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Désirée Forstner
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jacqueline Guettler
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Beatrice A. Brugger
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Freya Lyssy
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Lena Neuper
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christine Daxboeck
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerhard Cvirn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Julia Fuchs
- Division of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Kristin Kraeker
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation Between the Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alina Frolova
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation Between the Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetic of NASU, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Daniela S. Valdes
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation Between the Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Stern
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Birgit Hirschmugl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Herbert Fluhr
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christian Wadsack
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Berthold Huppertz
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Olivia Nonn
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation Between the Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Herse
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation Between the Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Gauster
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Kroll RG, Powell C, Chen J, Snider NT, St. Hilaire C, Reddy A, Kim J, Pinsky DJ, Murthy VL, Sutton NR. Circulating Ectonucleotidases Signal Impaired Myocardial Perfusion at Rest and Stress. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e027920. [PMID: 37119076 PMCID: PMC10227209 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.027920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Background Ectonucleotidases maintain vascular homeostasis by metabolizing extracellular nucleotides, modulating inflammation and thrombosis, and potentially, myocardial flow through adenosine generation. Evidence implicates dysfunction or deficiency of ectonucleotidases CD39 or CD73 in human disease; the utility of measuring levels of circulating ectonucleotidases as plasma biomarkers of coronary artery dysfunction or disease has not been previously reported. Methods and Results A total of 529 individuals undergoing clinically indicated positron emission tomography stress testing between 2015 and 2019 were enrolled in this single-center retrospective analysis. Baseline demographics, clinical data, nuclear stress test, and coronary artery calcium score variables were collected, as well as a blood sample. CD39 and CD73 levels were assessed as binary (detectable, undetectable) or continuous variables using ELISAs. Plasma CD39 was detectable in 24% of White and 8% of Black study participants (P=0.02). Of the clinical history variables examined, ectonucleotidase levels were most strongly associated with underlying liver disease and not other traditional coronary artery disease risk factors. Intriguingly, detection of circulating ectonucleotidase was inversely associated with stress myocardial blood flow (2.3±0.8 mL/min per g versus 2.7 mL/min per g±1.1 for detectable versus undetectable CD39 levels, P<0.001) and global myocardial flow reserve (Pearson correlation between myocardial flow reserve and log(CD73) -0.19, P<0.001). A subanalysis showed these differences held true independent of liver disease. Conclusions Vasodilatory adenosine is the expected product of local ectonucleotidase activity, yet these data support an inverse relationship between plasma ectonucleotidases, stress myocardial blood flow (CD39), and myocardial flow reserve (CD73). These findings support the conclusion that plasma levels of ectonucleotidases, which may be shed from the endothelial surface, contribute to reduced stress myocardial blood flow and myocardial flow reserve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel G. Kroll
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of MedicineMichigan MedicineAnn ArborMI
| | - Corey Powell
- Consulting for Statistics, Computing, and Analytics ResearchUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI
| | - Jun Chen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of MedicineMichigan MedicineAnn ArborMI
| | - Natasha T. Snider
- Department of Cell Biology and PhysiologyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC
| | - Cynthia St. Hilaire
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Medicine and BioengineeringVascular Medicine Institute, University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA
| | - Akshay Reddy
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of MedicineMichigan MedicineAnn ArborMI
| | - Judy Kim
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of MedicineMichigan MedicineAnn ArborMI
| | - David J. Pinsky
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of MedicineMichigan MedicineAnn ArborMI
- Department of Molecular & Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI
| | - Venkatesh L. Murthy
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of MedicineMichigan MedicineAnn ArborMI
| | - Nadia R. Sutton
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of MedicineMichigan MedicineAnn ArborMI
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN
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Sayegh MN, Cooney KA, Han WM, Cicka M, Strobel F, Wang L, García AJ, Levit RD. Hydrogel delivery of purinergic enzymes improves cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2023; 176:98-109. [PMID: 36764383 PMCID: PMC10006353 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The innate immune response contributes to cardiac injury in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R). Neutrophils are an important early part of the innate immune response to MI/R. Adenosine, an endogenous purine, is a known innate immune modulator and inhibitor of neutrophil activation. However, its delivery to the heart is limited by its short half-life (<30 s) and off-target side effects. CD39 and CD73 are anti-inflammatory homeostatic enzymes that can generate adenosine from phosphorylated adenosine substrate such as ATP released from injured tissue. OBJECTIVE We hypothesize that hydrogel-delivered CD39 and CD73 target the local early innate immune response, reduce neutrophil activation, and preserve cardiac function in MI/R injury. METHODS AND RESULTS We engineered a poly(ethylene) glycol (PEG) hydrogel loaded with the adenosine-generating enzymes CD39 and CD73. We incubated the hydrogels with neutrophils in vitro and showed a reduction in hydrogen peroxide production using Amplex Red. We demonstrated availability of substrate for the enzymes in the myocardium in MI/R by LC/MS, and tested release kinetics from the hydrogel. On echocardiography, global longitudinal strain (GLS) was preserved in MI/R hearts treated with the loaded hydrogel. Delivery of purinergic enzymes via this synthetic hydrogel resulted in lower innate immune infiltration into the myocardium post-MI/R, decreased markers of macrophage and neutrophil activation (NETosis), and decreased leukocyte-platelet complexes in circulation. CONCLUSIONS In a rat model of MI/R injury, CD39 and CD73 delivered via a hydrogel preserve cardiac function by modulating the innate immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael N Sayegh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Kimberly A Cooney
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - Woojin M Han
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Department of Orthopedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Markus Cicka
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Frederick Strobel
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Lanfang Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Andrés J García
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Rebecca D Levit
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.
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15
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Sudi S, Thomas FM, Daud SK, Ag Daud DM, Sunggip C. The Pleiotropic Role of Extracellular ATP in Myocardial Remodelling. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052102. [PMID: 36903347 PMCID: PMC10004151 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial remodelling is a molecular, cellular, and interstitial adaptation of the heart in response to altered environmental demands. The heart undergoes reversible physiological remodelling in response to changes in mechanical loading or irreversible pathological remodelling induced by neurohumoral factors and chronic stress, leading to heart failure. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is one of the potent mediators in cardiovascular signalling that act on the ligand-gated (P2X) and G-protein-coupled (P2Y) purinoceptors via the autocrine or paracrine manners. These activations mediate numerous intracellular communications by modulating the production of other messengers, including calcium, growth factors, cytokines, and nitric oxide. ATP is known to play a pleiotropic role in cardiovascular pathophysiology, making it a reliable biomarker for cardiac protection. This review outlines the sources of ATP released under physiological and pathological stress and its cell-specific mechanism of action. We further highlight a series of cardiovascular cell-to-cell communications of extracellular ATP signalling cascades in cardiac remodelling, which can be seen in hypertension, ischemia/reperfusion injury, fibrosis, hypertrophy, and atrophy. Finally, we summarize current pharmacological intervention using the ATP network as a target for cardiac protection. A better understanding of ATP communication in myocardial remodelling could be worthwhile for future drug development and repurposing and the management of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhaini Sudi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Fiona Macniesia Thomas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Siti Kadzirah Daud
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Dayang Maryama Ag Daud
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
- Health through Exercise and Active Living (HEAL) Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Caroline Sunggip
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
- Borneo Medical and Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
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16
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Granja TF, Köhler D, Leiss V, Eggstein C, Nürnberg B, Rosenberger P, Beer-Hammer S. Platelets and the Cybernetic Regulation of Ischemic Inflammatory Responses through PNC Formation Regulated by Extracellular Nucleotide Metabolism and Signaling. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193009. [PMID: 36230973 PMCID: PMC9561997 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic events are associated with severe inflammation and are here referred to as ischemic inflammatory response (IIR). Recent studies identified the formation of platelet–neutrophil complexes (PNC) as key players in IIR. We investigated the role of extracellular platelet nucleotide signaling in the context of IIR and defined a cybernetic circle, including description of feedback loops. Cybernetic circles seek to integrate different levels of information to understand how biological systems function. Our study specifies the components of the cybernetic system of platelets in IIR and describes the theoretical progression of IIR passing the cybernetic cycle with positive and negative feedback loops based on nucleotide-dependent signaling and functional regulation. The cybernetic components and feedback loops were explored by cytometry, immunohistological staining, functional blocking antibodies, and ADP/ATP measurements. Using several ex vivo and in vivo approaches we confirmed cybernetic parameters, such as controller, sensor, and effector (VASP phosphorylation, P2Y12, ADORAs and GPIIb/IIIa activity), as well as set points (ADP, adenosine) and interfering control and disturbance variables (ischemia). We demonstrate the impact of the regulated platelet–neutrophil complex (PNC) formation in blood and the resulting damage to the affected inflamed tissue. Taken together, extracellular nucleotide signaling, PNC formation, and tissue damage in IIR can be integrated in a controlled cybernetic circle of platelet function, as introduced through this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago F. Granja
- Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, CBIOS–Universidade, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Tübingen University Hospital, Wilhelmstrasse 56, D-72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - David Köhler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Tübingen University Hospital, Wilhelmstrasse 56, D-72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Veronika Leiss
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy and Toxicology and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomics and Drug Research (ICePhA), Tübingen University Hospital, Wilhelmstrasse 56, D-72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Claudia Eggstein
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Tübingen University Hospital, Wilhelmstrasse 56, D-72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernd Nürnberg
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy and Toxicology and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomics and Drug Research (ICePhA), Tübingen University Hospital, Wilhelmstrasse 56, D-72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Rosenberger
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Tübingen University Hospital, Wilhelmstrasse 56, D-72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sandra Beer-Hammer
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy and Toxicology and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomics and Drug Research (ICePhA), Tübingen University Hospital, Wilhelmstrasse 56, D-72074 Tübingen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-7071-29-74594
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17
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Moritz CEJ, Vieira AF, de Melo-Marins D, Figueiró F, Battastini AMO, Reischak-Oliveira A. Effects of physical exercise on the functionality of human nucleotidases: A systematic review. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15464. [PMID: 36117383 PMCID: PMC9483616 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleotidases contribute to the regulation of inflammation, coagulation, and cardiovascular activity. Exercise promotes biological adaptations, but its effects on nucleotidase activities and expression are unclear. The objective of this study was to review systematically the effects of exercise on nucleotidase functionality in healthy and unhealthy subjects. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched to identify, randomized clinical trials, non-randomized clinical trials, uncontrolled clinical trials, quasi-experimental, pre-, and post-interventional studies that evaluated the effects of exercise on nucleotidases in humans, and was not limited by language and date. Two independent reviewers performed the study selection, data extraction, and assessment of risk of bias. Of the 203 articles identified, 12 were included in this review. Eight studies reported that acute exercise, in healthy and unhealthy subjects, elevated the activities or expression of nucleotidases. Four studies evaluated the effects of chronic training on nucleotidase activities in the platelets and lymphocytes of patients with metabolic syndrome, chronic kidney disease, and hypertension and found a decrease in nucleotidase activities in these conditions. Acute and chronic exercise was able to modify the blood plasma and serum levels of nucleotides and nucleosides. Our results suggest that short- and long-term exercise modulate nucleotidase functionality. As such, purinergic signaling may represent a novel molecular adaptation in inflammatory, thrombotic, and vascular responses to exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Eduardo Jacintho Moritz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança (ESEFID), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Alexandra Ferreira Vieira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança (ESEFID), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Denise de Melo-Marins
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança (ESEFID), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Figueiró
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Departamento do Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Oliveira Battastini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Departamento do Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alvaro Reischak-Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança (ESEFID), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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18
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Ruan W, Ma X, Bang IH, Liang Y, Muehlschlegel JD, Tsai KL, Mills TW, Yuan X, Eltzschig HK. The Hypoxia-Adenosine Link during Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1939. [PMID: 36009485 PMCID: PMC9405579 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite increasing availability and more successful interventional approaches to restore coronary reperfusion, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury is a substantial cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. During myocardial ischemia, the myocardium becomes profoundly hypoxic, thus causing stabilization of hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIF). Stabilization of HIF leads to a transcriptional program that promotes adaptation to hypoxia and cellular survival. Transcriptional consequences of HIF stabilization include increases in extracellular production and signaling effects of adenosine. Extracellular adenosine functions as a signaling molecule via the activation of adenosine receptors. Several studies implicated adenosine signaling in cardioprotection, particularly through the activation of the Adora2a and Adora2b receptors. Adenosine receptor activation can lead to metabolic adaptation to enhance ischemia tolerance or dampen myocardial reperfusion injury via signaling events on immune cells. Many studies highlight that clinical strategies to target the hypoxia-adenosine link could be considered for clinical trials. This could be achieved by using pharmacologic HIF activators or by directly enhancing extracellular adenosine production or signaling as a therapy for patients with acute myocardial infarction, or undergoing cardiac surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ruan
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Xinxin Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - In Hyuk Bang
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yafen Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jochen Daniel Muehlschlegel
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kuang-Lei Tsai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tingting W. Mills
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiaoyi Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Holger K. Eltzschig
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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19
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Yuan X, Mills T, Doursout MF, Evans SE, Vidal Melo MF, Eltzschig HK. Alternative adenosine Receptor activation: The netrin-Adora2b link. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:944994. [PMID: 35910389 PMCID: PMC9334855 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.944994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
During hypoxia or inflammation, extracellular adenosine levels are elevated. Studies using pharmacologic approaches or genetic animal models pertinent to extracellular adenosine signaling implicate this pathway in attenuating hypoxia-associated inflammation. There are four distinct adenosine receptors. Of these, it is not surprising that the Adora2b adenosine receptor functions as an endogenous feedback loop to control hypoxia-associated inflammation. First, Adora2b activation requires higher adenosine concentrations compared to other adenosine receptors, similar to those achieved during hypoxic inflammation. Second, Adora2b is transcriptionally induced during hypoxia or inflammation by hypoxia-inducible transcription factor HIF1A. Studies seeking an alternative adenosine receptor activation mechanism have linked netrin-1 with Adora2b. Netrin-1 was originally discovered as a neuronal guidance molecule but also functions as an immune-modulatory signaling molecule. Similar to Adora2b, netrin-1 is induced by HIF1A, and has been shown to enhance Adora2b signaling. Studies of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), intestinal inflammation, myocardial or hepatic ischemia and reperfusion implicate the netrin-Adora2b link in tissue protection. In this review, we will discuss the potential molecular linkage between netrin-1 and Adora2b, and explore studies demonstrating interactions between netrin-1 and Adora2b in attenuating tissue inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Tingting Mills
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Marie-Francoise Doursout
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Scott E. Evans
- Department of Pulmonology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Holger K. Eltzschig
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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20
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Jiang Y, Lin J, Zheng H, Zhu P. The Role of Purinergic Signaling in Heart Transplantation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:826943. [PMID: 35529844 PMCID: PMC9069525 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.826943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart transplantation remains the optimal treatment option for patients with end-stage heart disease. Growing evidence demonstrates that purinergic signals mediated by purine nucleotides and nucleosides play vital roles in heart transplantation, especially in the era of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and allograft rejection. Purinergic signaling consists of extracellular nucleotides and nucleosides, ecto-enzymes, and cell surface receptors; it participates in the regulation of many physiological and pathological processes. During transplantation, excess adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels are released from damaged cells, and driver detrimental inflammatory responses largely via purinergic P2 receptors. Ecto-nucleosidases sequentially dephosphorylate extracellular ATP to ADP, AMP, and finally adenosine. Adenosine exerts a cardioprotective effect by its anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet, and vasodilation properties. This review focused on the role of purinergic signaling in IRI and rejection after heart transplantation, as well as the clinical applications and prospects of purinergic signaling.
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21
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Spatola BN, Lerner AG, Wong C, Dela Cruz T, Welch M, Fung W, Kovalenko M, Losenkova K, Yegutkin GG, Beers C, Corbin J, Soros VB. Fully human anti-CD39 antibody potently inhibits ATPase activity in cancer cells via uncompetitive allosteric mechanism. MAbs 2021; 12:1838036. [PMID: 33146056 PMCID: PMC7646477 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2020.1838036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular ATP/adenosine axis in the tumor microenvironment (TME) has emerged as an important immune-regulatory pathway. Nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1 (NTPDase1), otherwise known as CD39, is highly expressed in the TME, both on infiltrating immune cells and tumor cells across a broad set of cancer indications. CD39 processes pro-inflammatory extracellular ATP to ADP and AMP, which is then processed by Ecto-5ʹ-nucleotidase/CD73 to immunosuppressive adenosine. Directly inhibiting the enzymatic function of CD39 via an antibody has the potential to unleash an immune-mediated anti-tumor response via two mechanisms: 1) increasing the availability of immunostimulatory extracellular ATP released by damaged and/or dying cells, and 2) reducing the generation and accumulation of suppressive adenosine within the TME. Tizona Therapeutics has engineered a novel first-in-class fully human anti-CD39 antibody, TTX-030, that directly inhibits CD39 ATPase enzymatic function with sub-nanomolar potency. Further characterization of the mechanism of inhibition by TTX-030 using CD39+ human melanoma cell line SK-MEL-28 revealed an uncompetitive allosteric mechanism (α < 1). The uncompetitive mechanism of action enables TTX-030 to inhibit CD39 at the elevated ATP concentrations reported in the TME. Maximal inhibition of cellular CD39 ATPase velocity was 85%, which compares favorably to results reported for antibody inhibitors to other enzyme targets. The allosteric mechanism of TTX-030 was confirmed via mapping the epitope to a region of CD39 distant from its active site, which suggests possible models for how potent inhibition is achieved. In summary, TTX-030 is a potent allosteric inhibitor of CD39 ATPase activity that is currently being evaluated in clinical trials for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley N Spatola
- Antibody Development, Tizona Therapeutics , South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alana G Lerner
- Immunology, Tizona Therapeutics , South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Clifford Wong
- Antibody Development, Tizona Therapeutics , South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tracy Dela Cruz
- Immunology, Tizona Therapeutics , South San Francisco, CA, USA.,Immunology, Trishula Therapeutics, South San Francisco , CA, USA
| | - Megan Welch
- Immunology, Tizona Therapeutics , South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Wanchi Fung
- Antibody Development, Tizona Therapeutics , South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Courtney Beers
- Immunology, Tizona Therapeutics , South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John Corbin
- Antibody Development, Tizona Therapeutics , South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Vanessa B Soros
- Antibody Development, Tizona Therapeutics , South San Francisco, CA, USA
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22
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Oyama Y, Walker LA, Eckle T. Targeting circadian PER2 as therapy in myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury. Chronobiol Int 2021; 38:1262-1273. [PMID: 34034593 PMCID: PMC8355134 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1928160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The cycle of day and night dominates life on earth. Therefore, almost all living organisms adopted a molecular clock linked to the light-dark cycles. It is now well established that this molecular clock is crucial for human health and wellbeing. Disruption of the molecular clockwork directly results in a myriad of disorders, including cardiovascular diseases. Further, the onset of many cardiovascular diseases such as acute myocardial infarction exhibits a circadian periodicity with worse outcomes in the early morning hours. Based on these observations, the research community became interested in manipulating the molecular clock to treat cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, several exciting discoveries of pharmacological agents or molecular mechanisms targeting the molecular clockwork have paved the way for circadian medicine's arrival in cardiovascular diseases. The current review will outline the most recent circadian therapeutic advances related to the circadian rhythm protein Period2 (PER2) to treat myocardial ischemia and summarize future research in the respective field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimasa Oyama
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Lori A Walker
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Tobias Eckle
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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23
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Ferrari D, Casciano F, Secchiero P, Reali E. Purinergic Signaling and Inflammasome Activation in Psoriasis Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179449. [PMID: 34502368 PMCID: PMC8430580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin associated with systemic and joint manifestations and accompanied by comorbidities, such as metabolic syndrome and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Psoriasis has a strong genetic basis, but exacerbation requires additional signals that are still largely unknown. The clinical manifestations involve the interplay between dendritic and T cells in the dermis to generate a self-sustaining inflammatory loop around the TNFα/IL-23/IL-17 axis that forms the psoriatic plaque. In addition, in recent years, a critical role of keratinocytes in establishing the interplay that leads to psoriatic plaques’ formation has re-emerged. In this review, we analyze the most recent evidence of the role of keratinocytes and danger associates molecular patterns, such as extracellular ATP in the generation of psoriatic skin lesions. Particular attention will be given to purinergic signaling in inflammasome activation and in the initiation of psoriasis. In this phase, keratinocytes’ inflammasome may trigger early inflammatory pathways involving IL-1β production, to elicit the subsequent cascade of events that leads to dendritic and T cell activation. Since psoriasis is likely triggered by skin-damaging events and trauma, we can envisage that intracellular ATP, released by damaged cells, may play a role in triggering the inflammatory response underlying the pathogenesis of the disease by activating the inflammasome. Therefore, purinergic signaling in the skin could represent a new and early step of psoriasis; thus, opening the possibility to target single molecular actors of the purinome to develop new psoriasis treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Ferrari
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Section of Microbiology and Applied Pathology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Fabio Casciano
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.C.); (P.S.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center for the Study of Multiple Sclerosis and Inflammatory and Degenerative Diseases of the Nervous System, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Secchiero
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.C.); (P.S.)
| | - Eva Reali
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence:
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24
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Lucero García Rojas EY, Villanueva C, Bond RA. Hypoxia Inducible Factors as Central Players in the Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:709509. [PMID: 34447792 PMCID: PMC8382733 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.709509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular (CV) diseases are the major cause of death in industrialized countries. The main function of the CV system is to deliver nutrients and oxygen to all tissues. During most CV pathologies, oxygen and nutrient delivery is decreased or completely halted. Several mechanisms, including increased oxygen transport and delivery, as well as increased blood flow are triggered to compensate for the hypoxic state. If the compensatory mechanisms fail to sufficiently correct the hypoxia, irreversible damage can occur. Thus, hypoxia plays a central role in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of CV diseases. Hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) orchestrate the gene transcription for hundreds of proteins involved in erythropoiesis, glucose transport, angiogenesis, glycolytic metabolism, reactive oxygen species (ROS) handling, cell proliferation and survival, among others. The overall regulation of the expression of HIF-dependent genes depends on the severity, duration, and location of hypoxia. In the present review, common CV diseases were selected to illustrate that HIFs, and proteins derived directly or indirectly from their stabilization and activation, are related to the development and perpetuation of hypoxia in these pathologies. We further classify CV diseases into acute and chronic hypoxic states to better understand the temporal relevance of HIFs in the pathogenesis, disease progression and clinical outcomes of these diseases. We conclude that HIFs and their derived factors are fundamental in the genesis and progression of CV diseases. Understanding these mechanisms will lead to more effective treatment strategies leading to reduced morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cleva Villanueva
- Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Richard A Bond
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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25
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Thrombo-Inflammation: A Focus on NTPDase1/CD39. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092223. [PMID: 34571872 PMCID: PMC8469976 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence for a link between inflammation and thrombosis. Following tissue injury, vascular endothelium becomes activated, losing its antithrombotic properties whereas inflammatory mediators build up a prothrombotic environment. Platelets are the first elements to be activated following endothelial damage; they participate in physiological haemostasis, but also in inflammatory and thrombotic events occurring in an injured tissue. While physiological haemostasis develops rapidly to prevent excessive blood loss in the endothelium activated by inflammation, hypoxia or by altered blood flow, thrombosis develops slowly. Activated platelets release the content of their granules, including ATP and ADP released from their dense granules. Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1 (NTPDase1)/CD39 dephosphorylates ATP to ADP and to AMP, which in turn, is hydrolysed to adenosine by ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73). NTPDase1/CD39 has emerged has an important molecule in the vasculature and on platelet surfaces; it limits thrombotic events and contributes to maintain the antithrombotic properties of endothelium. The aim of the present review is to provide an overview of platelets as cellular elements interfacing haemostasis and inflammation, with a particular focus on the emerging role of NTPDase1/CD39 in controlling both processes.
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Kim B, Guaregua V, Chen X, Zhao C, Yeow W, Berg NK, Eltzschig HK, Yuan X. Characterization of a Murine Model System to Study MicroRNA-147 During Inflammatory Organ Injury. Inflammation 2021; 44:1426-1440. [PMID: 33566257 PMCID: PMC7873671 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01427-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory organ injury and sepsis have profound impacts on the morbidity and mortality of surgical and critical care patients. MicroRNAs are small RNAs composed of 20-25 nucleotides that have a significant contribution to gene regulation. MicroRNA-147 (miR-147), in particular, has been shown to have an emerging role in different physiological functions such as cell cycle regulation and inflammatory responses. However, animal model systems to study tissue-specific functions of miR-147 during inflammatory conditions in vivo are lacking. In the present study, we characterize miR-147 expression in different organs and cell types. Next, we generated a transgenic mouse line with a floxed miR-147 gene. Subsequently, we used this mouse line to generate mice with whole-body deletion of miR-147 (miR-147 -/-) by crossing "floxed" miR-147 mice with transgenic mice expressing Cre recombinase in all tissues (CMVcre mice). Systematic analysis of miR-147 -/- mice demonstrates normal growth, development, and off-spring. In addition, deletion of the target gene in different organs was successful at baseline or during inflammation, including the heart, intestine, stomach, liver, spleen, bone marrow, lungs, kidneys, or stomach. Moreover, miR-147 -/- mice have identical baseline inflammatory gene expression compared to C57BL/6 mice, except elevated IL-6 expression in the spleen (7.5 fold, p < 0.05). Taken together, our data show the successful development of a transgenic animal model for tissue and cell-specific deletion of miR-147 that can be used to study the functional roles of miR-147 during inflammatory organ injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyun Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Victor Guaregua
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xuebo Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Chad Zhao
- McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Wanyi Yeow
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Nathaniel K Berg
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Holger K Eltzschig
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xiaoyi Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Role of Purinergic Signalling in Endothelial Dysfunction and Thrombo-Inflammation in Ischaemic Stroke and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11070994. [PMID: 34356618 PMCID: PMC8301873 DOI: 10.3390/biom11070994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The cerebral endothelium is an active interface between blood and the central nervous system. In addition to being a physical barrier between the blood and the brain, the endothelium also actively regulates metabolic homeostasis, vascular tone and permeability, coagulation, and movement of immune cells. Being part of the blood–brain barrier, endothelial cells of the brain have specialized morphology, physiology, and phenotypes due to their unique microenvironment. Known cardiovascular risk factors facilitate cerebral endothelial dysfunction, leading to impaired vasodilation, an aggravated inflammatory response, as well as increased oxidative stress and vascular proliferation. This culminates in the thrombo-inflammatory response, an underlying cause of ischemic stroke and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). These events are further exacerbated when blood flow is returned to the brain after a period of ischemia, a phenomenon termed ischemia-reperfusion injury. Purinergic signaling is an endogenous molecular pathway in which the enzymes CD39 and CD73 catabolize extracellular adenosine triphosphate (eATP) to adenosine. After ischemia and CSVD, eATP is released from dying neurons as a damage molecule, triggering thrombosis and inflammation. In contrast, adenosine is anti-thrombotic, protects against oxidative stress, and suppresses the immune response. Evidently, therapies that promote adenosine generation or boost CD39 activity at the site of endothelial injury have promising benefits in the context of atherothrombotic stroke and can be extended to current CSVD known pathomechanisms. Here, we have reviewed the rationale and benefits of CD39 and CD39 therapies to treat endothelial dysfunction in the brain.
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Li J, Conrad C, Mills TW, Berg NK, Kim B, Ruan W, Lee JW, Zhang X, Yuan X, Eltzschig HK. PMN-derived netrin-1 attenuates cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury via myeloid ADORA2B signaling. J Exp Med 2021; 218:212023. [PMID: 33891683 PMCID: PMC8077173 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20210008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies implicated the neuronal guidance molecule netrin-1 in attenuating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, the tissue-specific sources and receptor signaling events remain elusive. Neutrophils are among the first cells responding to an ischemic insult and can be associated with tissue injury or rescue. We found netrin-1 levels were elevated in the blood of patients with myocardial infarction, as well as in mice exposed to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion. Selectively increased infarct sizes and troponin levels were found in Ntn1loxP/loxP Lyz2 Cre+ mice, but not in mice with conditional netrin-1 deletion in other tissue compartments. In vivo studies using neutrophil depletion identified neutrophils as the main source for elevated blood netrin-1 during myocardial injury. Finally, pharmacologic studies using treatment with recombinant netrin-1 revealed a functional role for purinergic signaling events through the myeloid adenosine A2b receptor in mediating netrin-1-elicited cardioprotection. These findings suggest an autocrine signaling loop with a functional role for neutrophil-derived netrin-1 in attenuating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury through myeloid adenosine A2b signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwen Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Catharina Conrad
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX.,Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Tingting W Mills
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Nathaniel K Berg
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX
| | - Boyun Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX
| | - Wei Ruan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX.,Department of Anesthesiology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Jae W Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Xu Zhang
- Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Xiaoyi Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX
| | - Holger K Eltzschig
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX
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29
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Ferrari D, la Sala A, Milani D, Celeghini C, Casciano F. Purinergic Signaling in Controlling Macrophage and T Cell Functions During Atherosclerosis Development. Front Immunol 2021; 11:617804. [PMID: 33664731 PMCID: PMC7921745 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.617804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a hardening and narrowing of arteries causing a reduction of blood flow. It is a leading cause of death in industrialized countries as it causes heart attacks, strokes, and peripheral vascular disease. Pathogenesis of the atherosclerotic lesion (atheroma) relies on the accumulation of cholesterol-containing low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and on changes of artery endothelium that becomes adhesive for monocytes and lymphocytes. Immunomediated inflammatory response stimulated by lipoprotein oxidation, cytokine secretion and release of pro-inflammatory mediators, worsens the pathological context by amplifying tissue damage to the arterial lining and increasing flow-limiting stenosis. Formation of thrombi upon rupture of the endothelium and the fibrous cup may also occur, triggering thrombosis often threatening the patient’s life. Purinergic signaling, i.e., cell responses induced by stimulation of P2 and P1 membrane receptors for the extracellular nucleotides (ATP, ADP, UTP, and UDP) and nucleosides (adenosine), has been implicated in modulating the immunological response in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. In this review we will describe advancements in the understanding of purinergic modulation of the two main immune cells involved in atherogenesis, i.e., monocytes/macrophages and T lymphocytes, highlighting modulation of pro- and anti-atherosclerotic mediated responses of purinergic signaling in these cells and providing new insights to point out their potential clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Ferrari
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Section of Microbiology and Applied Pathology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Andrea la Sala
- Certification Unit, Health Directorate, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Milani
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Claudio Celeghini
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabio Casciano
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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30
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Paganelli F, Mottola G, Fromonot J, Marlinge M, Deharo P, Guieu R, Ruf J. Hyperhomocysteinemia and Cardiovascular Disease: Is the Adenosinergic System the Missing Link? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1690. [PMID: 33567540 PMCID: PMC7914561 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCy) on cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains unclear. HHCy is associated with inflammation and atherosclerosis, and it is an independent risk factor for CVD, stroke and myocardial infarction. However, homocysteine (HCy)-lowering therapy does not affect the inflammatory state of CVD patients, and it has little influence on cardiovascular risk. The HCy degradation product hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a cardioprotector. Previous research proposed a positive role of H2S in the cardiovascular system, and we discuss some recent data suggesting that HHCy worsens CVD by increasing the production of H2S, which decreases the expression of adenosine A2A receptors on the surface of immune and cardiovascular cells to cause inflammation and ischemia, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Paganelli
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, F-13005 Marseille, France; (F.P.); (G.M.); (J.F.); (M.M.); (P.D.); (R.G.)
- Department of Cardiology, North Hospital, F-13015 Marseille, France
| | - Giovanna Mottola
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, F-13005 Marseille, France; (F.P.); (G.M.); (J.F.); (M.M.); (P.D.); (R.G.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Timone Hospital, F-13005 Marseille, France
| | - Julien Fromonot
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, F-13005 Marseille, France; (F.P.); (G.M.); (J.F.); (M.M.); (P.D.); (R.G.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Timone Hospital, F-13005 Marseille, France
| | - Marion Marlinge
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, F-13005 Marseille, France; (F.P.); (G.M.); (J.F.); (M.M.); (P.D.); (R.G.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Timone Hospital, F-13005 Marseille, France
| | - Pierre Deharo
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, F-13005 Marseille, France; (F.P.); (G.M.); (J.F.); (M.M.); (P.D.); (R.G.)
- Department of Cardiology, Timone Hospital, F-13005 Marseille, France
| | - Régis Guieu
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, F-13005 Marseille, France; (F.P.); (G.M.); (J.F.); (M.M.); (P.D.); (R.G.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Timone Hospital, F-13005 Marseille, France
| | - Jean Ruf
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, F-13005 Marseille, France; (F.P.); (G.M.); (J.F.); (M.M.); (P.D.); (R.G.)
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31
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Li X, Berg NK, Mills T, Zhang K, Eltzschig HK, Yuan X. Adenosine at the Interphase of Hypoxia and Inflammation in Lung Injury. Front Immunol 2021; 11:604944. [PMID: 33519814 PMCID: PMC7840604 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.604944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia and inflammation often coincide in pathogenic conditions such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and chronic lung diseases, which are significant contributors to morbidity and mortality for the general population. For example, the recent global outbreak of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has placed viral infection-induced ARDS under the spotlight. Moreover, chronic lung disease ranks the third leading cause of death in the United States. Hypoxia signaling plays a diverse role in both acute and chronic lung inflammation, which could partially be explained by the divergent function of downstream target pathways such as adenosine signaling. Particularly, hypoxia signaling activates adenosine signaling to inhibit the inflammatory response in ARDS, while in chronic lung diseases, it promotes inflammation and tissue injury. In this review, we discuss the role of adenosine at the interphase of hypoxia and inflammation in ARDS and chronic lung diseases, as well as the current strategy for therapeutic targeting of the adenosine signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University NanKai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Nathanial K. Berg
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Tingting Mills
- Department of Biochemistry, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Kaiying Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Holger K. Eltzschig
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Xiaoyi Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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32
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Geiger JD, Khan N, Murugan M, Boison D. Possible Role of Adenosine in COVID-19 Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Opportunities. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:594487. [PMID: 33324223 PMCID: PMC7726428 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.594487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) requires urgent clinical interventions. Crucial clinical needs are: 1) prevention of infection and spread of the virus within lung epithelia and between people, 2) attenuation of excessive lung injury in Advanced Respiratory Distress Syndrome, which develops during the end stage of the disease, and 3) prevention of thrombosis associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Adenosine and the key adenosine regulators adenosine deaminase (ADA), adenosine kinase (ADK), and equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 may play a role in COVID-19 pathogenesis. Here, we highlight 1) the non-enzymatic role of ADA by which it might out-compete the virus (SARS-CoV-2) for binding to the CD26 receptor, 2) the enzymatic roles of ADK and ADA to increase adenosine levels and ameliorate Advanced Respiratory Distress Syndrome, and 3) inhibition of adenosine transporters to reduce platelet activation, thrombosis and improve COVID-19 outcomes. Depending on the stage of exposure to and infection by SARS-CoV-2, enhancing adenosine levels by targeting key adenosine regulators such as ADA, ADK and equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 might find therapeutic use against COVID-19 and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D. Geiger
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - Nabab Khan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - Madhuvika Murugan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Detlev Boison
- Department of Neurosurgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
- Rutgers Neurosurgery H.O.P.E. Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
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Abstract
Despite substantial advances in anesthesia safety within the past decades, perioperative mortality remains a prevalent problem and can be considered among the top causes of death worldwide. Acute organ failure is a major risk factor of morbidity and mortality in surgical patients and develops primarily as a consequence of a dysregulated inflammatory response and insufficient tissue perfusion. Neurological dysfunction, myocardial ischemia, acute kidney injury, respiratory failure, intestinal dysfunction, and hepatic impairment are among the most serious complications impacting patient outcome and recovery. Pre-, intra-, and postoperative arrangements, such as enhanced recovery after surgery programs, can contribute to lowering the occurrence of organ dysfunction, and mortality rates have improved with the advent of specialized intensive care units and advances in procedures relating to extracorporeal organ support. However, no specific pharmacological therapies have proven effective in the prevention or reversal of perioperative organ injury. Therefore, understanding the underlying mechanisms of organ dysfunction is essential to identify novel treatment strategies to improve perioperative care and outcomes for surgical patients. This review focuses on recent knowledge of pathophysiological and molecular pathways leading to perioperative organ injury. Additionally, we highlight potential therapeutic targets relevant to the network of events that occur in clinical settings with organ failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Conrad
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas.,Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Holger K Eltzschig
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas
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Xu Z, Chen W, Zhang R, Wang L, Chen R, Zheng J, Gao F. Human Recombinant Apyrase Therapy Protects Against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury and Preserves Left Ventricular Systolic Function in Rats, as Evaluated by 7T Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Korean J Radiol 2020; 21:647-659. [PMID: 32410404 PMCID: PMC7231619 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2019.0853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The occurrence of intramyocardial hemorrhage (IMH) and microvascular obstruction (MVO) in myocardial infarction (MI), known as severe ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), has been associated with adverse remodeling. APT102, a soluble human recombinant ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1, can hydrolyze extracellular nucleotides to attenuate their prothrombotic and proinflammatory effects. The purpose of this study was to temporally evaluate the therapeutic effect of APT102 on IRI in rats and to elucidate the evolution of IRI in the acute stage using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI). Materials and Methods Fifty-four rats with MI, induced by ligation of the origin of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 60 minutes, were randomly divided into the APT102 (n = 27) or control (n = 27) group. Intravenous infusion of APT102 (0.3 mg/kg) or placebo was administered 15 minutes before reperfusion, and then 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, and on day 4 after reperfusion. CMRI was performed at 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, and on day 5 post-reperfusion using a 7T system and the hearts were collected for histopathological examination. Cardiac function was quantified using cine imaging and IMH/edema using T2 mapping, and infarct/MVO using late gadolinium enhancement. Results The extent of infarction (p < 0.001), edema (p < 0.001), IMH (p = 0.013), and MVO (p = 0.049) was less severe in the APT102 group than in the control group. IMH size at 48 hours was significantly greater than that at 24 hours, 72 hours, and 5 days after reperfusion (all p < 0.001). The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was significantly greater in the APT102 group than in the control group (p = 0.006). There was a negative correlation between LVEF and IMH (r = −0.294, p = 0.010) and a positive correlation between IMH and MVO (r = 0.392, p < 0.001). Conclusion APT102 can significantly alleviate damage to the ischemic myocardium and microvasculature. IMH size peaked at 48 hours post reperfusion and IMH is a downstream consequence of MVO. IMH may be a potential therapeutic target to prevent adverse remodeling in MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqian Xu
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Ruzhi Zhang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Jie Zheng
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Fabao Gao
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Ulker P, Ozkan O, Amoroso M, Aslan M, Bassorgun I, Ubur MC, Ünal K, Ozcan F, Ozkan O. Does ischemic preconditioning increase flap survival by ADORA2B receptor activation? Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2020; 75:151-162. [PMID: 31985456 DOI: 10.3233/ch-190730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is defined as raising tolerance to subsequent ischemic stress by exposing tissues to sub-lethal ischemia. Although many candidates have been suggested, recent studies have clearly demonstrated that adenosine-mediated ADORA2B receptor (ADORA2BR) activation is the main mechanism involved in IPC. While the tissue-protective role of this mechanism has been demonstrated in different ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) models, its role in flap surgery-derived I/R damage has not to date been investigated. OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of adenosine and ADORA2BR activation in IPC-mediated tissue protection in an epigastric flap model. METHODS Animals were divided into five main groups, all of which were then divided into two subgroups depending on whether or not they were exposed to IPC before the I/R procedure, which consisted of 6 hours of ischemia and 6 days of reperfusion. No drugs were administered in Group 1 (the control group). Animals in Group 2 were pretreated with CD73-inhibitor before IPC application or the ischemic period. Animals in Group 3 were pretreated with adenosine. Animals in Group 4 were pretreated with an ADORA2BR antagonist, and those in Group 5 with an ADORA2BR agonist. After 6 days of reperfusion, tissue survival was evaluated via histological and macroscopic analysis. RESULTS IPC application significantly enhanced CD73 expressions and adenosine concentrations (p < 0.01). Flap survivals were increased by IPC in Group 1 (p < 0.05). However, CD73 inhibition blocked this increase (Group 2). In Group 3, adenosine improved flap survival even in the absence of IPC (p < 0.01). While an ADORA2BR antagonist attenuated the tissue-protective effect of IPC (p < 0.01), the ADORA2BR agonist improved flap survival by mimicking IPC in groups 4 and 5. CONCLUSION These results provide pharmacological evidence for a contribution of CD73 enzyme-dependent adenosine generation and signaling through ADORA2BR to IPC-mediated tissue protection. They also suggest for the first time that ADORA2BR agonists may be used as a potential preventive therapy against I/R injury in flap surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinar Ulker
- Department of Physiology, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ozlenen Ozkan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Matteo Amoroso
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Gothenburg, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Mutay Aslan
- Department of Biochemistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | | | - Mehmet Can Ubur
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Kerim Ünal
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Filiz Ozcan
- Department of Biochemistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Omer Ozkan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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Jeffrey JL, Lawson KV, Powers JP. Targeting Metabolism of Extracellular Nucleotides via Inhibition of Ectonucleotidases CD73 and CD39. J Med Chem 2020; 63:13444-13465. [PMID: 32786396 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In the tumor microenvironment, unusually high concentrations of extracellular adenosine promote tumor proliferation through various immunosuppressive mechanisms. Blocking adenosine production by inhibiting nucleotide-metabolizing enzymes, such as ectonucleotidases CD73 and CD39, represents a promising therapeutic strategy that may synergize with other immuno-oncology mechanisms and chemotherapies. Emerging small-molecule ectonucleotidase inhibitors have recently entered clinical trials. This Perspective will outline challenges, strategies, and recent advancements in targeting this class with small-molecule inhibitors, including AB680, the first small-molecule CD73 inhibitor to enter clinical development. Specific case studies, including structure-based drug design and lead optimization, will be outlined. Preclinical data on these molecules and their ability to enhance antitumor immunity will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna L Jeffrey
- Arcus Biosciences, 3928 Point Eden Way, Hayward, California 94545, United States
| | - Kenneth V Lawson
- Arcus Biosciences, 3928 Point Eden Way, Hayward, California 94545, United States
| | - Jay P Powers
- Arcus Biosciences, 3928 Point Eden Way, Hayward, California 94545, United States
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Oyama Y, Bartman CM, Bonney S, Lee JS, Walker LA, Han J, Borchers CH, Buttrick PM, Aherne CM, Clendenen N, Colgan SP, Eckle T. Intense Light-Mediated Circadian Cardioprotection via Transcriptional Reprogramming of the Endothelium. Cell Rep 2020; 28:1471-1484.e11. [PMID: 31390562 PMCID: PMC6708043 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Consistent daylight oscillations and abundant oxygen availability are fundamental to human health. Here, we investigate the intersection between light-sensing (Period 2 [PER2]) and oxygen-sensing (hypoxia-inducible factor [HIF1A]) pathways in cellular adaptation to myocardial ischemia. We demonstrate that intense light is cardioprotective via circadian PER2 amplitude enhancement, mimicking hypoxia-elicited adenosine- and HIF1A-metabolic adaptation to myocardial ischemia under normoxic conditions. Whole-genome array from intense light-exposed wild-type or Per2-/- mice and myocardial ischemia in endothelial-specific PER2-deficient mice uncover a critical role for intense light in maintaining endothelial barrier function via light-enhanced HIF1A transcription. A proteomics screen in human endothelia reveals a dominant role for PER2 in metabolic reprogramming to hypoxia via mitochondrial translocation, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzyme activity regulation, and HIF1A transcriptional adaption to hypoxia. Translational investigation of intense light in human subjects identifies similar PER2 mechanisms, implicating the use of intense light for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimasa Oyama
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, Departments of Medicine and Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Colleen M Bartman
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, Departments of Medicine and Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Graduate Training Program in Cell Biology, Stem Cells, and Development, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Stephanie Bonney
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, Departments of Medicine and Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Graduate Training Program in Cell Biology, Stem Cells, and Development, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - J Scott Lee
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, Departments of Medicine and Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Lori A Walker
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jun Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Genome BC Proteomics Centre, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Christoph H Borchers
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Genome BC Proteomics Centre, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada; Segal Cancer Proteomics Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Peter M Buttrick
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Carol M Aherne
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, Departments of Medicine and Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nathan Clendenen
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, Departments of Medicine and Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sean P Colgan
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, Departments of Medicine and Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Tobias Eckle
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, Departments of Medicine and Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Graduate Training Program in Cell Biology, Stem Cells, and Development, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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Khailova L, Robison J, Jaggers J, Ing R, Lawson S, Treece A, Soranno D, Osorio Lujan S, Davidson JA. Tissue alkaline phosphatase activity and expression in an experimental infant swine model of cardiopulmonary bypass with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2020; 17:27. [PMID: 32817746 PMCID: PMC7422466 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-020-00256-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Infant cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass results in decreased circulating alkaline phosphatase that is associated with poor postoperative outcomes. Bovine intestinal alkaline phosphatase infusion represents a novel therapy for post-cardiac surgery organ injury. However, the effects of cardiopulmonary bypass and bovine-intestinal alkaline phosphatase infusion on tissue-level alkaline phosphatase activity/expression are unknown. Methods Infant pigs (n = 20) underwent cardiopulmonary bypass with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest followed by four hours of intensive care. Seven control animals underwent mechanical ventilation only. Cardiopulmonary bypass/deep hypothermic circulatory arrest animals were given escalating doses of bovine intestinal alkaline phosphatase infusion (0-25 U/kg/hr.; n = 5/dose). Kidney, liver, ileum, jejunum, colon, heart and lung were collected for measurement of tissue alkaline phosphatase activity and mRNA. Results Tissue alkaline phosphatase activity varied significantly across organs with the highest levels found in the kidney and small intestine. Cardiopulmonary bypass with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest resulted in decreased kidney alkaline phosphatase activity and increased lung alkaline phosphatase activity, with no significant changes in the other organs. Alkaline phosphatase mRNA expression was increased in both the lung and the ileum. The highest dose of bovine intestinal alkaline phosphatase resulted in increased kidney and liver tissue alkaline phosphatase activity. Conclusions Changes in alkaline phosphatase activity after cardiopulmonary bypass with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest and bovine intestinal alkaline phosphatase delivery are tissue specific. Kidneys, lung, and ileal alkaline phosphatase appear most affected by cardiopulmonary bypass with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest and further research is warranted to determine the mechanism and biologic importance of these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Khailova
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, 13123 East 16th Ave, Box 100, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
| | - Justin Robison
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, 13123 East 16th Ave, Box 100, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
| | - James Jaggers
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Richard Ing
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Scott Lawson
- Children's Hospital Colorado, Heart Institute, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Amy Treece
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Danielle Soranno
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, 13123 East 16th Ave, Box 100, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
| | - Suzanne Osorio Lujan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, 13123 East 16th Ave, Box 100, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
| | - Jesse A Davidson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, 13123 East 16th Ave, Box 100, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
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Transcription-independent Induction of ERBB1 through Hypoxia-inducible Factor 2A Provides Cardioprotection during Ischemia and Reperfusion. Anesthesiology 2020; 132:763-780. [PMID: 31794514 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000003037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During myocardial ischemia, hypoxia-inducible factors are stabilized and provide protection from ischemia and reperfusion injury. Recent studies show that myocyte-specific hypoxia-inducible factor 2A promotes myocardial ischemia tolerance through induction of epidermal growth factor, amphiregulin. Here, the authors hypothesized that hypoxia-inducible factor 2A may enhance epidermal growth factor receptor 1 (ERBB1) expression in the myocardium that could interface between growth factors and its effect on providing tolerance to ischemia and reperfusion injury. METHODS Human myocardial tissues were obtained from ischemic heart disease patients and normal control patients to compare ERBB1 expression. Myocyte-specific Hif2a or ErbB1 knockout mice were generated to observe the effect of Hif2a knockdown in regulating ERBB1 expression and to examine the role of ERBB1 during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury. RESULTS Initial studies of myocardial tissues from patients with ischemic heart disease showed increased ERBB1 protein (1.12 ± 0.24 vs. 13.01 ± 2.20, P < 0.001). In contrast, ERBB1 transcript was unchanged. Studies using short hairpin RNA repression of Hif2A or Hif2a Myosin Cre+ mice directly implicated hypoxia-inducible factor 2A in ERBB1 protein induction during hypoxia or after myocardial ischemia, respectively. Repression of RNA-binding protein 4 abolished hypoxia-inducible factor 2A-dependent induction of ERBB1 protein. Moreover, ErbB1 Myosin Cre+ mice experienced larger infarct sizes (22.46 ± 4.06 vs. 46.14 ± 1.81, P < 0.001) and could not be rescued via amphiregulin treatment. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that hypoxia-inducible factor 2A promotes transcription-independent induction of ERBB1 protein and implicates epidermal growth factor signaling in protection from myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury.
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Ferrari D, Vuerich M, Casciano F, Longhi MS, Melloni E, Secchiero P, Zech A, Robson SC, Müller T, Idzko M. Eosinophils and Purinergic Signaling in Health and Disease. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1339. [PMID: 32733449 PMCID: PMC7360723 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Eosinophils are major effector cells against parasites, fungi, bacteria, and viruses. However, these cells also take part in local and systemic inflammation, which are central to eczema, atopy, rhinitis, asthma, and autoimmune diseases. A role for eosinophils has been also shown in vascular thrombotic disorders and in cancer. Many, if not all, above-mentioned conditions involve the release of intracellular nucleotides (ATP, ADP, UTP, etc.) and nucleosides (adenosine) in the extracellular environment. Simultaneously, eosinophils further release ATP, which in autocrine and paracrine manners, stimulates P2 receptors. Purinergic signaling in eosinophils mediates a variety of responses including CD11b induction, ROI production, release of granule contents and enzymes, as well as cytokines. Exposure to extracellular ATP also modulates the expression of endothelial adhesion molecules, thereby favoring eosinophil extravasation and accumulation. In addition, eosinophils express the immunosuppressive adenosine P1 receptors, which regulate degranulation and migration. However, pro-inflammatory responses induced by extracellular ATP predominate. Due to their important role in innate immunity and tissue damage, pharmacological targeting of nucleotide- and nucleoside-mediated signaling in eosinophils could represent a novel approach to alleviate eosinophilic acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. These innovative approaches might also have salutary effects, particularly in host defense against parasites and in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Ferrari
- Section of Microbiology and Applied Pathology, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marta Vuerich
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Fabio Casciano
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria Serena Longhi
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Elisabetta Melloni
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Secchiero
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Andreas Zech
- Department of Pulmonology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simon C Robson
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Tobias Müller
- Division of Pneumology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marco Idzko
- Department of Pulmonology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Robles RJ, Mukherjee S, Vuerich M, Xie A, Harshe R, Cowan PJ, Csizmadia E, Wu Y, Moss AC, Chen R, Robson SC, Longhi MS. Modulation of CD39 and Exogenous APT102 Correct Immune Dysfunction in Experimental Colitis and Crohn's Disease. J Crohns Colitis 2020; 14:818-830. [PMID: 31693091 PMCID: PMC7457187 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS CD39/ENTPD1 scavenges pro-inflammatory nucleotides, to ultimately generate immunosuppressive adenosine, which has a central role in immune homeostasis. Global deletion of Cd39 increases susceptibility to experimental colitis while single nucleotide polymorphisms within the human CD39 promoter, and aberrant patterns of expression during experimental hypoxia, predispose to Crohn's disease. We aimed to define the impact of transgenic human CD39 [hTG] overexpression in experimental colitis and to model therapeutic effects using the recombinant apyrase APT102 in vivo. We also determined the in vitro effects of APT102 on phenotypic and functional properties of regulatory T-lymphocytes derived from patients with Crohn's disease. METHODS Colitis was induced by administration of dextran sulfate sodium in wild-type [WT] or hTG mice, and, in another model, by adoptive transfer of CD45RBhigh cells with or without WT or hTG regulatory T cells [Treg]. In additional experiments, mice were treated with APT102. The effects of APT102 on phenotype and function of Treg and type-1 regulatory T [Tr1] cells were also evaluated, after purification from peripheral blood and lamina propria of Crohn's disease patients [n = 38]. RESULTS Overexpression of human CD39 attenuated experimental colitis and protected from the deleterious effects of systemic hypoxia, pharmacologically induced by deferoxamine. Administration of APT102 in vivo enhanced the beneficial effects of endogenous Cd39 boosted by the administration of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor [AhR] ligand unconjugated bilirubin [UCB]. Importantly, supplemental APT102 restored responsiveness to AhR stimulation by UCB in Treg and Tr1 cells, obtained from Crohn's disease patients. CONCLUSIONS hCD39 overexpression ameliorated experimental colitis and prevented hypoxia-related damage in vivo. Exogenous administration of APT102 boosted AhR-mediated regulatory effects in vivo while enhancing Treg functions in Crohn's disease in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- René J Robles
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samiran Mukherjee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marta Vuerich
- Department of Anesthesia, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anyan Xie
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rasika Harshe
- Department of Anesthesia, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter J Cowan
- Immunology Research Centre, St. Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eva Csizmadia
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yan Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alan C Moss
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Simon C Robson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Anesthesia, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria Serena Longhi
- Department of Anesthesia, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Correspondence: Maria Serena Longhi, Department of Anesthesia, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Tel: 617 735 2905; Fax: 617 735 2930;
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Harvey JB, Phan LH, Villarreal OE, Bowser JL. CD73's Potential as an Immunotherapy Target in Gastrointestinal Cancers. Front Immunol 2020; 11:508. [PMID: 32351498 PMCID: PMC7174602 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CD73, a cell surface 5'nucleotidase that generates adenosine, has emerged as an attractive therapeutic target for reprogramming cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment to dampen antitumor immune cell evasion. Decades of studies have paved the way for these findings, starting with the discovery of adenosine signaling, particularly adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) signaling, as a potent suppressor of tissue-devastating immune cell responses, and evolving with studies focusing on CD73 in breast cancer, melanoma, and non-small cell lung cancer. Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are a major cause of cancer-related deaths. Evidence is mounting that shows promise for improving patient outcomes through incorporation of immunomodulatory strategies as single agents or in combination with current treatment options. Recently, several immune checkpoint inhibitors received FDA approval for use in GI cancers; however, clinical benefit is limited. Investigating molecular mechanisms promoting immunosuppression, such as CD73, in GI cancers can aid in current efforts to extend the efficacy of immunotherapy to more patients. In this review, we discuss current clinical and basic research studies on CD73 in GI cancers, including gastric, liver, pancreatic, and colorectal cancer, with special focus on the potential of CD73 as an immunotherapy target in these cancers. We also present a summary of current clinical studies targeting CD73 and/or A2AR and combination of these therapies with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry B. Harvey
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Luan H. Phan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Oscar E. Villarreal
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jessica L. Bowser
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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Oyama Y, Blaskowsky J, Eckle T. Dose-dependent Effects of Esmolol-epinephrine Combination Therapy in Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:2199-2206. [PMID: 31258066 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190618124829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal studies on cardiac arrest found that a combination of epinephrine with esmolol attenuates post-resuscitation myocardial dysfunction. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that esmololepinephrine combination therapy would be superior to a reported cardioprotective esmolol therapy alone in a mouse model of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury. METHODS C57BL/6J mice were subjected to 60 min of myocardial ischemia and 120 min of reperfusion. Mice received either saline, esmolol (0.4 mg/kg/h), epinephrine (0.05 mg/kg/h), or esmolol combined with epinephrine (esmolol: 0.4 mg/kg/h or 0.8 mg/kg/h and epinephrine: 0.05 mg/kg/h) during reperfusion. After reperfusion, infarct sizes in the area-at-risk and serum cardiac troponin-I levels were determined. Hemodynamic effects of drugs infused were determined by measurements of heart rate (HR) and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) via a carotid artery catheter. RESULTS Esmolol during reperfusion resulted in robust cardioprotection (esmolol vs. saline: 24.3±8% vs. 40.6±3% infarct size), which was abolished by epinephrine co-administration (38.1±15% infarct size). Increasing the esmolol dose, however, was able to restore esmolol-cardioprotection in the epinephrine-esmolol (18.6±8% infarct size) co-treatment group with improved hemodynamics compared to the esmolol group (epinephrine-esmolol vs. esmolol: MAP 80 vs. 75 mmHg, HR 452 vs. 402 beats/min). CONCLUSION These results confirm earlier studies on esmolol-cardioprotection from myocardial IR-injury and demonstrate that a dose optimized epinephrine-esmolol co-treatment maintains esmolol-cardioprotection with improved hemodynamics compared to esmolol treatment alone. These findings might have implications for current clinical practice in hemodynamically unstable patients suffering from myocardial ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimasa Oyama
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Justin Blaskowsky
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Tobias Eckle
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
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Wang M, Guo X, Zhao H, Lv J, Wang H, An Y. Adenosine A 2B receptor activation stimulates alveolar fluid clearance through alveolar epithelial sodium channel via cAMP pathway in endotoxin-induced lung injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 318:L787-L800. [PMID: 32129084 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00195.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical studies have established that the capacity of removing excess fluid from alveoli is impaired in most patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Impaired alveolar fluid clearance (AFC) correlates with poor outcomes. Adenosine A2B receptor (A2BAR) has the lowest affinity with adenosine among four adenosine receptors. It is documented that A2BAR can activate adenylyl cyclase (AC) resulting in elevated cAMP. Based on the understanding that cAMP is a key regulator of epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), which is the limited step in sodium transport, we hypothesized that A2BAR signaling may affect AFC in acute lung injury (ALI) through regulating ENaC via cAMP, thus attenuating pulmonary edema. To address this, we utilized pharmacological approaches to determine the role of A2BAR in AFC in rats with endotoxin-induced lung injury and further focused on the mechanisms in vitro. We observed elevated pulmonary A2BAR level in rats with ALI and the similar upregulation in alveolar epithelial cells exposed to LPS. A2BAR stimulation significantly attenuated pulmonary edema during ALI, an effect that was associated with enhanced AFC and increased ENaC expression. The regulatory effects of A2BAR on ENaC-α expression were further verified in cultured alveolar epithelial type II (ATII) cells. More importantly, activation of A2BAR dramatically increased amiloride-sensitive Na+ currents in ATII cells. Moreover, we observed that A2BAR activation stimulated cAMP accumulation, whereas the cAMP inhibitor abolished the regulatory effect of A2BAR on ENaC-α expression, suggesting that A2BAR activation regulates ENaC-α expression via cAMP-dependent mechanism. Together, these findings suggest that signaling through alveolar epithelial A2BAR promotes alveolar fluid balance during endotoxin-induced ALI by regulating ENaC via cAMP pathway, raising the hopes for treatment of pulmonary edema due to ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxia Guo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huiying Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Lv
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huixia Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Youzhong An
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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Zilberman-Rudenko J, Deguchi H, Shukla M, Oyama Y, Orje JN, Guo Z, Wyseure T, Mosnier LO, McCarty OJT, Ruggeri ZM, Eckle T, Griffin JH. Cardiac Myosin Promotes Thrombin Generation and Coagulation In Vitro and In Vivo. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:901-913. [PMID: 32102568 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.313990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cardiac myosin (CM) is structurally similar to skeletal muscle myosin, which has procoagulant activity. Here, we evaluated CM's ex vivo, in vivo, and in vitro activities related to hemostasis and thrombosis. Approach and Results: Perfusion of fresh human blood over CM-coated surfaces caused thrombus formation and fibrin deposition. Addition of CM to blood passing over collagen-coated surfaces enhanced fibrin formation. In a murine ischemia/reperfusion injury model, exogenous CM, when administered intravenously, augmented myocardial infarction and troponin I release. In hemophilia A mice, intravenously administered CM reduced tail-cut-initiated bleeding. These data provide proof of concept for CM's in vivo procoagulant properties. In vitro studies clarified some mechanisms for CM's procoagulant properties. Thrombin generation assays showed that CM, like skeletal muscle myosin, enhanced thrombin generation in human platelet-rich and platelet-poor plasmas and also in mixtures of purified factors Xa, Va, and prothrombin. Binding studies showed that CM, like skeletal muscle myosin, directly binds factor Xa, supporting the concept that the CM surface is a site for prothrombinase assembly. In tPA (tissue-type plasminogen activator)-induced plasma clot lysis assays, CM was antifibrinolytic due to robust CM-dependent thrombin generation that enhanced activation of TAFI (thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor). CONCLUSIONS CM in vitro is procoagulant and prothrombotic. CM in vivo can augment myocardial damage and can be prohemostatic in the presence of bleeding. CM's procoagulant and antifibrinolytic activities likely involve, at least in part, its ability to bind factor Xa and enhance thrombin generation. Future work is needed to clarify CM's pathophysiology and its mechanistic influences on hemostasis or thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jevgenia Zilberman-Rudenko
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.Z.-R., H.D., M.S., J.N.O., Z.G., T.W., L.O.M., Z.M.R., J.H.G.).,Department of Biomedical Engineering (J.Z.-R., O.J.T.M.), School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - Hiroshi Deguchi
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.Z.-R., H.D., M.S., J.N.O., Z.G., T.W., L.O.M., Z.M.R., J.H.G.)
| | - Meenal Shukla
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.Z.-R., H.D., M.S., J.N.O., Z.G., T.W., L.O.M., Z.M.R., J.H.G.)
| | - Yoshimasa Oyama
- Department of Hematology-Oncology (O.J.T.M.), School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - Jennifer N Orje
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.Z.-R., H.D., M.S., J.N.O., Z.G., T.W., L.O.M., Z.M.R., J.H.G.)
| | - Zihan Guo
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.Z.-R., H.D., M.S., J.N.O., Z.G., T.W., L.O.M., Z.M.R., J.H.G.)
| | - Tine Wyseure
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.Z.-R., H.D., M.S., J.N.O., Z.G., T.W., L.O.M., Z.M.R., J.H.G.)
| | - Laurent O Mosnier
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.Z.-R., H.D., M.S., J.N.O., Z.G., T.W., L.O.M., Z.M.R., J.H.G.)
| | - Owen J T McCarty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering (J.Z.-R., O.J.T.M.), School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - Zaverio M Ruggeri
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.Z.-R., H.D., M.S., J.N.O., Z.G., T.W., L.O.M., Z.M.R., J.H.G.)
| | - Tobias Eckle
- Department of Hematology-Oncology (O.J.T.M.), School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - John H Griffin
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.Z.-R., H.D., M.S., J.N.O., Z.G., T.W., L.O.M., Z.M.R., J.H.G.).,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora (Y.O., T.E.)
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Bartman CM, Eckle T. Circadian-Hypoxia Link and its Potential for Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:1075-1090. [PMID: 31096895 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190516081612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Throughout the evolutionary time, all organisms and species on Earth evolved with an adaptation to consistent oscillations of sunlight and darkness, now recognized as 'circadian rhythm.' Single-cellular to multisystem organisms use circadian biology to synchronize to the external environment and provide predictive adaptation to changes in cellular homeostasis. Dysregulation of circadian biology has been implicated in numerous prevalent human diseases, and subsequently targeting the circadian machinery may provide innovative preventative or treatment strategies. Discovery of 'peripheral circadian clocks' unleashed widespread investigations into the potential roles of clock biology in cellular, tissue, and organ function in healthy and diseased states. Particularly, oxygen-sensing pathways (e.g. hypoxia inducible factor, HIF1), are critical for adaptation to changes in oxygen availability in diseases such as myocardial ischemia. Recent investigations have identified a connection between the circadian rhythm protein Period 2 (PER2) and HIF1A that may elucidate an evolutionarily conserved cellular network that can be targeted to manipulate metabolic function in stressed conditions like hypoxia or ischemia. Understanding the link between circadian and hypoxia pathways may provide insights and subsequent innovative therapeutic strategies for patients with myocardial ischemia. This review addresses our current understanding of the connection between light-sensing pathways (PER2), and oxygen-sensing pathways (HIF1A), in the context of myocardial ischemia and lays the groundwork for future studies to take advantage of these two evolutionarily conserved pathways in the treatment of myocardial ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen Marie Bartman
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, Graduate Training Program in Cell Biology, Stem Cells, and Development, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Tobias Eckle
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, Graduate Training Program in Cell Biology, Stem Cells, and Development, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
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Targeting CD39 Toward Activated Platelets Reduces Systemic Inflammation and Improves Survival in Sepsis: A Preclinical Pilot Study. Crit Care Med 2020; 47:e420-e427. [PMID: 30730441 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000003682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sepsis is associated with a systemic inflammatory reaction, which can result in a life-endangering organ dysfunction. Pro-inflammatory responses during sepsis are characterized by increased activation of leukocytes and platelets, formation of platelet-neutrophil aggregates, and cytokine production. Sequestration of platelet-neutrophil aggregates in the microvasculature contributes to tissue damage during sepsis. At present no effective therapeutic strategy to ameliorate these events is available. In this preclinical pilot study, a novel anti-inflammatory approach was evaluated, which targets nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase activity toward activated platelets via a recombinant fusion protein combining a single-chain antibody against activated glycoprotein IIb/IIIa and the extracellular domain of CD39 (targ-CD39). DESIGN Experimental animal study and cell culture study. SETTING University-based experimental laboratory. SUBJECTS Human dermal microvascular endothelial cells 1, human platelets and neutrophils, and C57BL/6NCrl mice. INTERVENTIONS Platelet-leukocyte-endothelium interactions were evaluated under inflammatory conditions in vitro and in a murine lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis model in vivo. The outcome of polymicrobial sepsis was evaluated in a murine cecal ligation and puncture model. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of activated platelet targeted nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase activity, we employed a potato apyrase in vitro and in vivo, as well as targ-CD39 and as a control, nontarg-CD39 in vivo. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Under conditions of sepsis, agents with nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase activity decreased platelet-leukocyte-endothelium interaction, transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines, microvascular platelet-neutrophil aggregate sequestration, activation marker expression on platelets and neutrophils contained in these aggregates, leukocyte extravasation, and organ damage. Targ-CD39 had the strongest effect on these variables and retained hemostasis in contrast to nontarg-CD39 and potato apyrase. Most importantly, targ-CD39 improved survival in the cecal ligation and puncture model to a stronger extent then nontarg-CD39 and potato apyrase. CONCLUSIONS Targeting nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase activity (CD39) toward activated platelets is a promising new treatment concept to decrease systemic inflammation and mortality of sepsis. This innovative therapeutic approach warrants further development toward clinical application.
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Oyama Y, Shuff S, Davizon-Castillo P, Clendenen N, Eckle T. Intense light as anticoagulant therapy in humans. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0244792. [PMID: 33382840 PMCID: PMC7775081 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood coagulation is central to myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury. Studies on the light elicited circadian rhythm protein Period 2 (PER2) using whole body Per2-/- mice found deficient platelet function and reduced clotting which would be expected to protect from myocardial IR-injury. In contrast, intense light induction of PER2 protected from myocardial IR-injury while Per2 deficiency was detrimental. Based on these conflicting data, we sought to evaluate the role of platelet specific PER2 in coagulation and myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury. We demonstrated that platelets from mice with tissue-specific deletion of Per2 in the megakaryocyte lineage (Per2loxP/loxP-PF4-CRE) significantly clot faster than platelets from control mice. We further found increases in infarct sizes or plasma troponin levels in Per2loxP/loxP-PF4-CRE mice when compared to controls. As intense light increases PER2 protein in human tissues, we also performed translational studies and tested the effects of intense light therapy on coagulation in healthy human subjects. Our human studies revealed that intense light therapy repressed procoagulant pathways in human plasma samples and significantly reduced the clot rate. Based on these results we conclude that intense light elicited PER2 has an inhibitory function on platelet aggregation in mice. Further, we suggest intense light as a novel therapy to prevent or treat clotting in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimasa Oyama
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Sydney Shuff
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Pavel Davizon-Castillo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Nathan Clendenen
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Tobias Eckle
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI), a major public health problem associated with high mortality and increased risk of progression towards end-stage renal disease, is characterized by the activation of intra-renal haemostatic and inflammatory processes. Platelets, which are present in high numbers in the circulation and can rapidly release a broad spectrum of bioactive mediators, are important acute modulators of inflammation and haemostasis, as they are the first cells to arrive at sites of acute injury, where they interact with endothelial cells and leukocytes. Diminished control of platelet reactivity by endothelial cells and/or an increased release of platelet-activating mediators can lead to uncontrolled platelet activation in AKI. As increased platelet sequestration and increased expression levels of the markers P-selectin, thromboxane A2, CC-chemokine ligand 5 and platelet factor 4 on platelets have been reported in kidneys following AKI, platelet activation likely plays a part in AKI pathology. Results from animal models and some clinical studies highlight the potential of antiplatelet therapies in the preservation of renal function in the context of AKI, but as current strategies also affect other cell types and non-platelet-derived mediators, additional studies are required to further elucidate the extent of platelet contribution to the pathology of AKI and to determine the best therapeutic approach by which to specifically target related pathogenic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel P B Jansen
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sandrine Florquin
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joris J T H Roelofs
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
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50
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Neumann J, Hofmann B, Gergs U. On inotropic effects of UTP in the human heart. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02197. [PMID: 31406941 PMCID: PMC6684494 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Uridine 5'-triphosphate (UTP) exerts a positive inotropic effect (PIE) in isolated electrically driven isolated right atrial trabeculae carneae from patients undergoing heart surgery. This review discusses some aspects of the current knowledge on the putative receptor(s) involved and the potential biochemical transduction steps leading to the PIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Neumann
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Germany
| | - B Hofmann
- Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06097, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - U Gergs
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Germany
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