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Mohamad HE, Askar ME, Shaheen MA, Baraka NM, Mahmoud YK. Sacubitril/valsartan alleviates sunitinib-induced cardiac fibrosis and oxidative stress via improving TXNIP/TRX system and downregulation of NF-ĸB/Wnt/β-catenin/SOX9 signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 132:111963. [PMID: 38560962 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
We aimed in this study to investigate the possible cardioprotective effects of sacubitril/valsartan against sunitinib-induced cardiac fibrosis (CF) and oxidative stress via targeting thioredoxin-interacting protein/thioredoxin (TXNIP/TRX) system and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)/Wingless-related MMTV integration site (Wnt)/β-catenin/Sex-determining region Y box 9 (SOX9) signaling. CF was induced in male Wistar albino rats by cumulative dose of sunitinib (300 mg/kg, given over 4 weeks as: 25 mg/kg orally, three times a week), which were co-treated with sacubitril/valsartan (68 mg/kg/day, orally) for four weeks. Significant elevation in blood pressure, cardiac inflammatory and fibrotic markers besides cardiac dysfunction were observed. These alterations were associated with disruption of TXNIP/TRX system, upregulation of NF-κB/Wnt/β-catenin/SOX9 pathway along with marked increase in lysyl oxidase (LOX) and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) expressions and extensive deposition of collagen fibers in cardiac tissues. Luckily, sacubitril/valsartan was able to reverse all of the aforementioned detrimental effects in sunitinib-administered rats. These findings illustrate a potential role of sacubitril/valsartan in alleviating CF and oxidative stress induced by sunitinib via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic properties. These remarkable effects of sacubitril/valsartan were mediated by its ability to improve TXNIP/TRX system and downregulate NF-κB/Wnt/β-catenin/SOX9 signaling in addition to decreasing LOX and MMP-1 expressions in cardiac tissues. In summary, this study highlights sacubitril/valsartan as a potential therapeutic agent in mitigating CF and oxidative stress especially in cancer cases treated with sunitinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda E Mohamad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Mervat E Askar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A Shaheen
- Department of Histology & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Nourhan M Baraka
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Yasmin K Mahmoud
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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2
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Bugg D, Davis J. Sox9-coordinated cellular neighborhoods generate fibrosis. Cell Stem Cell 2024; 31:589-590. [PMID: 38701754 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Poorly regenerative organs deposit scar tissue to mend damage. Aggarwal et al. establish that transient Sox9 activity is necessary for early proximal tubule epithelial regeneration, while Trogisch et al. and Aggarwal et al. show that persistent Sox9 activity in epithelial and endothelial cells activates fibroblasts creating fibrotic microdomains in multiple organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darrian Bugg
- Department of Lab Medicine & Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jennifer Davis
- Department of Lab Medicine & Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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3
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Ma W, Tian Y, Shi L, Liang J, Ouyang Q, Li J, Chen H, Sun H, Ji H, Liu X, Huang W, Gao X, Jin X, Wang X, Liu Y, Yu Y, Guo X, Tian Y, Yang F, Li F, Wang N, Cai B. N-Acetyltransferase 10 represses Uqcr11 and Uqcrb independently of ac4C modification to promote heart regeneration. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2137. [PMID: 38459019 PMCID: PMC10923914 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46458-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Translational control is crucial for protein production in various biological contexts. Here, we use Ribo-seq and RNA-seq to show that genes related to oxidative phosphorylation are translationally downregulated during heart regeneration. We find that Nat10 regulates the expression of Uqcr11 and Uqcrb mRNAs in mouse and human cardiomyocytes. In mice, overexpression of Nat10 in cardiomyocytes promotes cardiac regeneration and improves cardiac function after injury. Conversely, treating neonatal mice with Remodelin-a Nat10 pharmacological inhibitor-or genetically removing Nat10 from their cardiomyocytes both inhibit heart regeneration. Mechanistically, Nat10 suppresses the expression of Uqcr11 and Uqcrb independently of its ac4C enzyme activity. This suppression weakens mitochondrial respiration and enhances the glycolytic capacity of the cardiomyocytes, leading to metabolic reprogramming. We also observe that the expression of Nat10 is downregulated in the cardiomyocytes of P7 male pig hearts compared to P1 controls. The levels of Nat10 are also lower in female human failing hearts than non-failing hearts. We further identify the specific binding regions of Nat10, and validate the pro-proliferative effects of Nat10 in cardiomyocytes derived from human embryonic stem cells. Our findings indicate that Nat10 is an epigenetic regulator during heart regeneration and could potentially become a clinical target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Ma
- Department of Pharmacy at the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology at College of Pharmacy (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, the Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanan Tian
- Department of Pharmacy at the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology at College of Pharmacy (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Leping Shi
- Department of Pharmacy at the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology at College of Pharmacy (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Liang
- Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Qimeng Ouyang
- Department of Pharmacy at the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology at College of Pharmacy (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jianglong Li
- Department of Pharmacy at the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology at College of Pharmacy (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongyang Chen
- Department of Pharmacy at the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology at College of Pharmacy (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongyue Sun
- Department of Pharmacy at the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology at College of Pharmacy (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Haoyu Ji
- Department of Pharmacy at the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology at College of Pharmacy (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Pharmacy at the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine at The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Pharmacy at the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology at College of Pharmacy (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinlu Gao
- Department of Pharmacy at the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology at College of Pharmacy (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jin
- Department of Pharmacy at the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology at College of Pharmacy (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiuxiu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy at the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yining Liu
- Department of Pharmacy at the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Pharmacy at the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaofei Guo
- Department of Pharmacy at the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Pathophysiology and the Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology at College of Pharmacy (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Faqian Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Pharmacology at College of Pharmacy (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Benzhi Cai
- Department of Pharmacy at the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
- Department of Pharmacology at College of Pharmacy (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, the Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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4
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Trogisch FA, Abouissa A, Keles M, Birke A, Fuhrmann M, Dittrich GM, Weinzierl N, Wink E, Cordero J, Elsherbiny A, Martin-Garrido A, Grein S, Hemanna S, Hofmann E, Nicin L, Bibli SI, Airik R, Kispert A, Kist R, Quanchao S, Kürschner SW, Winkler M, Gretz N, Mogler C, Korff T, Koch PS, Dimmeler S, Dobreva G, Heineke J. Endothelial cells drive organ fibrosis in mice by inducing expression of the transcription factor SOX9. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eabq4581. [PMID: 38416842 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abq4581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a hallmark of chronic disease. Although fibroblasts are involved, it is unclear to what extent endothelial cells also might contribute. We detected increased expression of the transcription factor Sox9 in endothelial cells in several different mouse fibrosis models. These models included systolic heart failure induced by pressure overload, diastolic heart failure induced by high-fat diet and nitric oxide synthase inhibition, pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin treatment, and liver fibrosis due to a choline-deficient diet. We also observed up-regulation of endothelial SOX9 in cardiac tissue from patients with heart failure. To test whether SOX9 induction was sufficient to cause disease, we generated mice with endothelial cell-specific overexpression of Sox9, which promoted fibrosis in multiple organs and resulted in signs of heart failure. Endothelial Sox9 deletion prevented fibrosis and organ dysfunction in the two mouse models of heart failure as well as in the lung and liver fibrosis mouse models. Bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing of mouse endothelial cells across multiple vascular beds revealed that SOX9 induced extracellular matrix, growth factor, and inflammatory gene expression, leading to matrix deposition by endothelial cells. Moreover, mouse endothelial cells activated neighboring fibroblasts that then migrated and deposited matrix in response to SOX9, a process partly mediated by the secreted growth factor CCN2, a direct SOX9 target; endothelial cell-specific Sox9 deletion reversed these changes. These findings suggest a role for endothelial SOX9 as a fibrosis-promoting factor in different mouse organs during disease and imply that endothelial cells are an important regulator of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix A Trogisch
- ECAS (European Center for Angioscience), Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Mannheim Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- CFPM (Core Facility Platform Mannheim), Cardiac Imaging Center, Mannheim Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Aya Abouissa
- ECAS (European Center for Angioscience), Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Mannheim Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- CFPM (Core Facility Platform Mannheim), Cardiac Imaging Center, Mannheim Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Merve Keles
- ECAS (European Center for Angioscience), Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Mannheim Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- CFPM (Core Facility Platform Mannheim), Cardiac Imaging Center, Mannheim Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anne Birke
- ECAS (European Center for Angioscience), Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Mannheim Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Manuela Fuhrmann
- ECAS (European Center for Angioscience), Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Mannheim Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gesine M Dittrich
- ECAS (European Center for Angioscience), Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Mannheim Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nina Weinzierl
- ECAS (European Center for Angioscience), Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Mannheim Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Elvira Wink
- ECAS (European Center for Angioscience), Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Mannheim Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Julio Cordero
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- ECAS, Department of Cardiovascular Genomics and Epigenomics, Mannheim Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Adel Elsherbiny
- ECAS, Department of Cardiovascular Genomics and Epigenomics, Mannheim Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Abel Martin-Garrido
- ECAS (European Center for Angioscience), Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Mannheim Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Steve Grein
- ECAS (European Center for Angioscience), Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Mannheim Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Shruthi Hemanna
- ECAS (European Center for Angioscience), Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Mannheim Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ellen Hofmann
- ECAS (European Center for Angioscience), Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Mannheim Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Luka Nicin
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- DZHK, partner site Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sofia-Iris Bibli
- Cardiopulmonary Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- DZHK, partner site Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute of Vascular Signaling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Rannar Airik
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Kispert
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ralf Kist
- School of Dental Sciences, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4BW, UK
| | - Sun Quanchao
- Medical Research Center, Mannheim Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sina W Kürschner
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, and Center of Excellence in Dermatology, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- ECAS, Adjunct Faculty, Mannheim Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Manuel Winkler
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, and Center of Excellence in Dermatology, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- ECAS, Adjunct Faculty, Mannheim Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Norbert Gretz
- Medical Research Center, Mannheim Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carolin Mogler
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Korff
- ECAS, Adjunct Faculty, Mannheim Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philipp-Sebastian Koch
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, and Center of Excellence in Dermatology, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- ECAS, Adjunct Faculty, Mannheim Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefanie Dimmeler
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- DZHK, partner site Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gergana Dobreva
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- ECAS, Department of Cardiovascular Genomics and Epigenomics, Mannheim Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Joerg Heineke
- ECAS (European Center for Angioscience), Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Mannheim Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- CFPM (Core Facility Platform Mannheim), Cardiac Imaging Center, Mannheim Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
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5
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Zhou M, Lin B, Wu P, Ke Y, Huang S, Zhang F, Hei X, Mao Z, Li X, Wan P, Chen T, Yang H, Huang D. SOX9 Induces Orbital Fibroblast Activation in Thyroid Eye Disease Via MAPK/ERK1/2 Pathway. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:25. [PMID: 38345552 PMCID: PMC10866156 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.2.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the expression of sry-box transcription factor 9 (SOX9) in orbital fibroblasts (OFs) of thyroid eye disease (TED) and to find its potential role and underlying mechanism in orbital fibrosis. Methods OFs were cultured from orbital connective tissues obtained from patients with TED (n = 10) and healthy controls (n = 6). SOX9 was depleted by small interfering RNA or overexpressed through lentivirus transduction in OFs. Fibroblast contractile activity was measured by collagen gel contraction assay and proliferation was examined by EdU assay. Transcriptomic changes were assessed by RNA sequencing. Results The mRNA and protein levels of SOX9 were significantly higher in OFs cultured from patients with TED than those from healthy controls. Extracellular matrix-related genes were down-regulated by SOX9 knockdown and up-regulated by SOX9 overexpression in TED-OFs. SOX9 knockdown significantly decrease the contraction and the antiapoptotic ability of OFs, whereas the overexpression of SOX9 increased the ability of transformation, migration, and proliferation of OFs. SOX9 knockdown suppressed the expression of phosphorylated ERK1/2, whereas its overexpression showed the opposite effect. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is one of the notably down-regulated genes screened out by RNA sequencing. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-qPCR demonstrated SOX9 binding to the EGFR promoter. Conclusions A high expression of SOX9 was found in TED-OFs. SOX9 can activate OFs via MAPK/ERK1/2 signaling pathway, which in turn promotes proliferation and differentiation of OFs. EGFR was a downstream target gene of SOX9. SOX9/EGFR can be considered as therapeutic targets for the treatment of orbital fibrosis in TED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bingying Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Pengsen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yu Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Siyu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiangqing Hei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhen Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xingyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Pengxia Wan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Huasheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Danping Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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6
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Harvey AB, Wolters RA, Deepe RN, Tarolli HG, Drummond JR, Trouten A, Zandi A, Barth JL, Mukherjee R, Romeo MJ, Vaena SG, Tao G, Muise-Helmericks R, Ramos PS, Norris RA, Wessels A. Epicardial deletion of Sox9 leads to myxomatous valve degeneration and identifies Cd109 as a novel gene associated with valve development. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2024; 186:16-30. [PMID: 37935281 PMCID: PMC10843603 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Epicardial-derived cells (EPDCs) are involved in the regulation of myocardial growth and coronary vascularization and are critically important for proper development of the atrioventricular (AV) valves. SOX9 is a transcription factor expressed in a variety of epithelial and mesenchymal cells in the developing heart, including EPDCs. To determine the role of SOX9 in epicardial development, an epicardial-specific Sox9 knockout mouse model was generated. Deleting Sox9 from the epicardial cell lineage impairs the ability of EPDCs to invade both the ventricular myocardium and the developing AV valves. After birth, the mitral valves of these mice become myxomatous with associated abnormalities in extracellular matrix organization. This phenotype is reminiscent of that seen in humans with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MVD). An RNA-seq analysis was conducted in an effort to identify genes associated with this myxomatous degeneration. From this experiment, Cd109 was identified as a gene associated with myxomatous valve pathogenesis in this model. Cd109 has never been described in the context of heart development or valve disease. This study highlights the importance of SOX9 in the regulation of epicardial cell invasion-emphasizing the importance of EPDCs in regulating AV valve development and homeostasis-and reports a novel expression profile of Cd109, a gene with previously unknown relevance in heart development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B Harvey
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Renélyn A Wolters
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Raymond N Deepe
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Hannah G Tarolli
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Jenna R Drummond
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Allison Trouten
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Auva Zandi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Jeremy L Barth
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Rupak Mukherjee
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 30 Courtenay Drive, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Martin J Romeo
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, 86 Jonathan Lucas Street, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Silvia G Vaena
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, 86 Jonathan Lucas Street, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Ge Tao
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Robin Muise-Helmericks
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Paula S Ramos
- Departments of Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Russell A Norris
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Andy Wessels
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
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7
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Bin S, Xinyi F, Huan P, Xiaoqin Z, Jiming W, Yi H, Ziyue L, Xiaochun Z, Zhouqi L, Bangwei Z, Jing J, Shihui L, Jinlai G. SOX4 as a potential therapeutic target for pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 958:176071. [PMID: 37741429 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy can lead to heart failure, making its prevention crucial. SOX4, a SOX transcription factor, regulates tissue growth and development, although its role in pathological cardiac hypertrophy is unclear. We found that the SOX4 expression was elevated in hypertrophic hearts and angiotensin II (Ang II)-treated neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs), and knocking down the SOX4 expression in NRCMs and mouse hearts significantly reduced the hypertrophic response. Mechanistically, SOX4 can bind to the SIRT3 promoter, inhibit SIRT3 transcription and expression, and thus affect downstream MnSOD acetylation levels, leading to abnormal increases in ROS and oxidative stress levels and promoting the occurrence of cardiac hypertrophy. In conclusion, this study identified a new role for SOX4 in regulating cardiac hypertrophy, and decreasing SOX4 expression may be a potential treatment for pathological cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Bin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medical, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314000, China
| | - Feng Xinyi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medical, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314000, China
| | - Pan Huan
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314000, China
| | - Zhang Xiaoqin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medical, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314000, China
| | - Wu Jiming
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medical, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314000, China
| | - He Yi
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314000, China; Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314000, China
| | - Li Ziyue
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medical, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314000, China
| | - Zou Xiaochun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medical, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314000, China
| | - Lu Zhouqi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medical, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314000, China
| | - Zhou Bangwei
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medical, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314000, China
| | - Jin Jing
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314000, China.
| | - Liu Shihui
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medical, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314000, China.
| | - Gao Jinlai
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medical, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314000, China.
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8
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Sheng Y, Wu L, Chang Y, Liu W, Tao M, Chen X, Zhang X, Li B, Zhang N, Ye D, Zhang C, Zhu D, Zhao H, Chen A, Chen H, Song J. Tomo-seq identifies NINJ1 as a potential target for anti-inflammatory strategy in thoracic aortic dissection. BMC Med 2023; 21:396. [PMID: 37858098 PMCID: PMC10588060 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03077-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) is a life-threatening disease caused by an intimal tear in the aorta. The histological characteristics differ significantly between the tear area (TA) and the distant area. Previous studies have emphasized that certain specific genes tend to cluster at the TA. Obtaining a thorough understanding of the precise molecular signatures near the TA will assist in discovering therapeutic strategies for TAD. METHODS We performed a paired comparison of the pathological patterns in the TA with that in the remote area (RA). We used Tomo-seq, genome-wide transcriptional profiling with spatial resolution, to obtain gene expression signatures spanning from the TA to the RA. Samples from multiple sporadic TAD patients and animal models were used to validate our findings. RESULTS Pathological examination revealed that the TA of TAD exhibited more pronounced intimal hyperplasia, media degeneration, and inflammatory infiltration compared to the RA. The TA also had more apoptotic cells and CD31+α-SMA+ cells. Tomo-seq revealed four distinct gene expression patterns from the TA to the RA, which were inflammation, collagen catabolism, extracellular matrix remodeling, and cell stress, respectively. The spatial distribution of genes allowed us to identify genes that were potentially relevant with TAD. NINJ1 encoded the protein-mediated cytoplasmic membrane rupture, regulated tissue remodeling, showed high expression levels in the tear area, and co-expressed within the inflammatory pattern. The use of short hairpin RNA to reduce NINJ1 expression in the beta-aminopropionitrile-induced TAD model led to a significant decrease in TAD formation. Additionally, it resulted in reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells and a decrease in the number of CD31+α-SMA+ cells. The NINJ1-neutralizing antibody also demonstrated comparable therapeutic effects and can effectively impede the formation of TAD. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that Tomo-seq had the advantage of obtaining spatial expression information of TAD across the TA and the RA. We pointed out that NINJ1 may be involved in inflammation and tissue remodeling, which played an important role in the formation of TAD. NINJ1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for TAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Sheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Liying Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Wendao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Menghao Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Xiong Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ningning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Dongting Ye
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunxi Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daliang Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haisen Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aijun Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haisheng Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jiangping Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
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9
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Medzikovic L, Aryan L, Ruffenach G, Li M, Savalli N, Sun W, Sarji S, Hong J, Sharma S, Olcese R, Fishbein G, Eghbali M. Myocardial fibrosis and calcification are attenuated by microRNA-129-5p targeting Asporin and Sox9 in cardiac fibroblasts. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e168655. [PMID: 37154157 PMCID: PMC10243800 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.168655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis and calcification associate with adverse outcomes in nonischemic heart failure. Cardiac fibroblasts (CF) transition into myofibroblasts (MF) and osteogenic fibroblasts (OF) to promote myocardial fibrosis and calcification. However, common upstream mechanisms regulating both CF-to-MF transition and CF-to-OF transition remain unknown. microRNAs are promising targets to modulate CF plasticity. Our bioinformatics revealed downregulation of miR-129-5p and upregulation of its targets small leucine-rich proteoglycan Asporin (ASPN) and transcription factor SOX9 as common in mouse and human heart failure (HF). We experimentally confirmed decreased miR-129-5p and enhanced SOX9 and ASPN expression in CF in human hearts with myocardial fibrosis and calcification. miR-129-5p repressed both CF-to-MF and CF-to-OF transition in primary CF, as did knockdown of SOX9 and ASPN. Sox9 and Aspn are direct targets of miR-129-5p that inhibit downstream β-catenin expression. Chronic Angiotensin II infusion downregulated miR-129-5p in CF in WT and TCF21-lineage CF reporter mice, and it was restored by miR-129-5p mimic. Importantly, miR-129-5p mimic not only attenuated progression of myocardial fibrosis, calcification marker expression, and SOX9 and ASPN expression in CF but also restored diastolic and systolic function. Together, we demonstrate miR-129-5p/ASPN and miR-129-5p/SOX9 as potentially novel dysregulated axes in CF-to-MF and CF-to-OF transition in myocardial fibrosis and calcification and the therapeutic relevance of miR-129-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laila Aryan
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine
| | | | - Min Li
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine
| | | | - Wasila Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine
| | - Shervin Sarji
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine
| | - Jason Hong
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine
| | - Salil Sharma
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine
| | - Riccardo Olcese
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine
- Department of Physiology, and
| | - Gregory Fishbein
- Department of Physiology, and
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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10
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Nelson AR, Bugg D, Davis J, Saucerman JJ. Network model integrated with multi-omic data predicts MBNL1 signals that drive myofibroblast activation. iScience 2023; 26:106502. [PMID: 37091233 PMCID: PMC10119756 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA-binding protein muscleblind-like1 (MBNL1) was recently identified as a central regulator of cardiac wound healing and myofibroblast activation. To identify putative MBNL1 targets, we integrated multiple genome-wide screens with a fibroblast network model. We expanded the model to include putative MBNL1-target interactions and recapitulated published experimental results to validate new signaling modules. We prioritized 14 MBNL1 targets and developed novel fibroblast signaling modules for p38 MAPK, Hippo, Runx1, and Sox9 pathways. We experimentally validated MBNL1 regulation of p38 expression in mouse cardiac fibroblasts. Using the expanded fibroblast model, we predicted a hierarchy of MBNL1 regulated pathways with strong influence on αSMA expression. This study lays a foundation to explore the network mechanisms of MBNL1 signaling central to fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders R. Nelson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Pinn Hall, 5th Floor, PO Box 800735, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0735, USA
| | - Darrian Bugg
- Department of Lab Medicine & Pathology, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street Box 357470, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jennifer Davis
- Department of Lab Medicine & Pathology, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street Box 357470, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, PO Box 355061, Seattle, WA 98195-5061, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, PO Box 358056, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jeffrey J. Saucerman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, PO Box 800759, Charlottesville, VA 22903 , USA
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11
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Sheng M, Weng Y, Cao Y, Zhang C, Lin Y, Yu W. Caspase 6/NR4A1/SOX9 signaling axis regulates hepatic inflammation and pyroptosis in ischemia-stressed fatty liver. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:106. [PMID: 36977670 PMCID: PMC10043527 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01396-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of nonalcoholic fatty liver susceptibility to ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury has not been fully clarified. Caspase 6 is a critical regulator in innate immunity and host defense. We aimed to characterize the specific role of Caspase 6 in IR-induced inflammatory responses in fatty livers. Human fatty liver samples were harvested from patients undergoing ischemia-related hepatectomy to evaluate Caspase 6 expression. in mice model, we generated Caspase 6-knockout (Caspase 6KO) mice to investigate cellular and molecular mechanisms of macrophage Caspase 6 in IR-stimulated fatty livers. In human liver biopsies, Caspase 6 expression was upregulated combined with enhanced serum ALT level and severe histopathological injury in ischemic fatty livers. Moreover, Caspase 6 was mainly accumulated in macrophages but not hepatocytes. Unlike in controls, the Caspase 6-deficiency attenuated liver damage and inflammation activation. Activation of macrophage NR4A1 or SOX9 in Caspase 6-deficient livers aggravated liver inflammation. Mechanistically, macrophage NR4A1 co-localized with SOX9 in the nuclear under inflammatory conditions. Specifically, SOX9 acts as a coactivator of NR4A1 to directly target S100A9 transcription. Furthermore, macrophage S100A9 ablation dampened NEK7/NLRP3-driven inflammatory response and pyroptosis in macrophages. In conclusion, our findings identify a novel role of Caspase 6 in regulating NR4A1/SOX9 interaction in response to IR-stimulated fatty liver inflammation, and provide potential therapeutic targets for the prevention of fatty liver IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwei Sheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yiqi Weng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingli Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanbang Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| | - Wenli Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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12
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Kim JY, Silvaroli JA, Vasquez Martinez G, Bisunke B, Luna Ramirez AV, Jayne LA, Feng MJHH, Girotra B, Acosta Martinez SM, Vermillion CR, Karel IZ, Ferrell N, Weisleder N, Chung S, Christman JW, Brooks CR, Madhavan SM, Hoyt KR, Cianciolo RE, Satoskar AA, Zepeda-Orozco D, Sullivan JC, Davidson AJ, Bajwa A, Pabla NS. Zinc finger protein 24-dependent transcription factor SOX9 up-regulation protects tubular epithelial cells during acute kidney injury. Kidney Int 2023; 103:1093-1104. [PMID: 36921719 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2023.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptional profiling studies have identified several protective genes upregulated in tubular epithelial cells during acute kidney injury (AKI). Identifying upstream transcriptional regulators could lead to the development of therapeutic strategies augmenting the repair processes. SOX9 is a transcription factor controlling cell-fate during embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis in multiple organs including the kidneys. SOX9 expression is low in adult kidneys, however, stress conditions can trigger its transcriptional upregulation in tubular epithelial cells. SOX9 plays a protective role during the early phase of AKI and facilitates repair during the recovery phase. To identify the upstream transcriptional regulators that drive SOX9 upregulation in tubular epithelial cells, we used an unbiased transcription factor screening approach. Preliminary screening and validation studies show that zinc finger protein 24 (ZFP24) governs SOX9 upregulation in tubular epithelial cells. ZFP24, a Cys2-His2 (C2H2) zinc finger protein is essential for oligodendrocyte maturation and myelination, however, its role in the kidneys or in SOX9 regulation remains unknown. Here, we found that tubular epithelial ZFP24 gene ablation exacerbated ischemia, rhabdomyolysis, and cisplatin-associated AKI. Importantly, ZFP24 gene deletion resulted in suppression of SOX9 upregulation in injured tubular epithelial cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and promoter luciferase assays confirmed that ZFP24 bound to a specific site in both murine and human SOX9 promoters. Importantly, CRISPR/Cas9 mediated mutation in the ZFP24 binding site in the SOX9 promoter in vivo led to suppression of SOX9 upregulation during AKI. Thus, our findings identify ZFP24 as a critical stress-responsive transcription factor protecting tubular epithelial cells through SOX9 upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Kim
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy & Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Josie A Silvaroli
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy & Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Gabriela Vasquez Martinez
- Kidney and Urinary Tract Center and Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Bijay Bisunke
- Department of Genetics, Genomics, and Informatics, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Alanys V Luna Ramirez
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy & Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Laura A Jayne
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy & Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mei Ji He Ho Feng
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy & Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Bhavya Girotra
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy & Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Shirely M Acosta Martinez
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy & Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Corynne R Vermillion
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy & Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Isaac Z Karel
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy & Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nicholas Ferrell
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Noah Weisleder
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sangwoon Chung
- Pulmonary, Sleep and Critical Care Medicine, Wexner Medical Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - John W Christman
- Pulmonary, Sleep and Critical Care Medicine, Wexner Medical Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Craig R Brooks
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
| | - Sethu M Madhavan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Kari R Hoyt
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy & Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Anjali A Satoskar
- Division of Renal and Transplant Pathology, Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Diana Zepeda-Orozco
- Kidney and Urinary Tract Center and Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer C Sullivan
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Alan J Davidson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Amandeep Bajwa
- Department of Genetics, Genomics, and Informatics, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, and Transplant Research Institute, James D. Eason Transplant Institute, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Navjot Singh Pabla
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy & Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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13
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Gajjala PR, Singh P, Odayar V, Ediga HH, McCormack FX, Madala SK. Wilms Tumor 1-Driven Fibroblast Activation and Subpleural Thickening in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032850. [PMID: 36769178 PMCID: PMC9918078 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive fibrotic lung disease that is often fatal due to the formation of irreversible scar tissue in the distal areas of the lung. Although the pathological and radiological features of IPF lungs are well defined, the lack of insight into the fibrogenic role of fibroblasts that accumulate in distinct anatomical regions of the lungs is a critical knowledge gap. Fibrotic lesions have been shown to originate in the subpleural areas and extend into the lung parenchyma through processes of dysregulated fibroproliferation, migration, fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transformation, and extracellular matrix production. Identifying the molecular targets underlying subpleural thickening at the early and late stages of fibrosis could facilitate the development of new therapies to attenuate fibroblast activation and improve the survival of patients with IPF. Here, we discuss the key cellular and molecular events that contribute to (myo)fibroblast activation and subpleural thickening in IPF. In particular, we highlight the transcriptional programs involved in mesothelial to mesenchymal transformation and fibroblast dysfunction that can be targeted to alter the course of the progressive expansion of fibrotic lesions in the distal areas of IPF lungs.
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14
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Long X, Yuan X, Du J. Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics: Advances in heart development and disease applications. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:2717-2731. [PMID: 37181659 PMCID: PMC10173363 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Current transcriptomics technologies, including bulk RNA-seq, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), single-nucleus RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq), and spatial transcriptomics (ST), provide novel insights into the spatial and temporal dynamics of gene expression during cardiac development and disease processes. Cardiac development is a highly sophisticated process involving the regulation of numerous key genes and signaling pathways at specific anatomical sites and developmental stages. Exploring the cell biological mechanisms involved in cardiogenesis also contributes to congenital heart disease research. Meanwhile, the severity of distinct heart diseases, such as coronary heart disease, valvular disease, cardiomyopathy, and heart failure, is associated with cellular transcriptional heterogeneity and phenotypic alteration. Integrating transcriptomic technologies in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of heart diseases will aid in advancing precision medicine. In this review, we summarize applications of scRNA-seq and ST in the cardiac field, including organogenesis and clinical diseases, and provide insights into the promise of single-cell and spatial transcriptomics in translational research and precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglin Long
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
- Correspondence to: Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 74 Lin Jiang Road Chongqing 4000l0, China.
| | - Jianlin Du
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
- Correspondence to: Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 74 Lin Jiang Road Chongqing 400010, China.
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15
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Ya D, Zhang Y, Cui Q, Jiang Y, Yang J, Tian N, Xiang W, Lin X, Li Q, Liao R. Application of spatial transcriptome technologies to neurological diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1142923. [PMID: 36936681 PMCID: PMC10020196 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1142923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Spatial transcriptome technology acquires gene expression profiles while retaining spatial location information, it displays the gene expression properties of cells in situ. Through the investigation of cell heterogeneity, microenvironment, function, and cellular interactions, spatial transcriptome technology can deeply explore the pathogenic mechanisms of cell-type-specific responses and spatial localization in neurological diseases. The present article overviews spatial transcriptome technologies based on microdissection, in situ hybridization, in situ sequencing, in situ capture, and live cell labeling. Each technology is described along with its methods, detection throughput, spatial resolution, benefits, and drawbacks. Furthermore, their applications in neurodegenerative disease, neuropsychiatric illness, stroke and epilepsy are outlined. This information can be used to understand disease mechanisms, pick therapeutic targets, and establish biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongshan Ya
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Yingmei Zhang
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Qi Cui
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Yanlin Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Jiaxin Yang
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Ning Tian
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Wenjing Xiang
- Department of Neurology ward 2, Guilin People’s Hospital, Guilin, China
| | - Xiaohui Lin
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Qinghua Li
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Rujia Liao
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- *Correspondence: Rujia Liao,
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16
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Type IV Collagen and SOX9 Are Molecular Targets of BET Inhibition in Experimental Glomerulosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010486. [PMID: 36613933 PMCID: PMC9820124 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive glomerulonephritis (GN) is characterized by an excessive accumulation of extracellular (ECM) proteins, mainly type IV collagen (COLIV), in the glomerulus leading to glomerulosclerosis. The current therapeutic approach to GN is suboptimal. Epigenetic drugs could be novel therapeutic options for human disease. Among these drugs, bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) inhibitors (iBETs) have shown beneficial effects in experimental kidney disease and fibrotic disorders. Sex-determining region Y-box 9 (SOX9) is a transcription factor involved in regulating proliferation, migration, and regeneration, but its role in kidney fibrosis is still unclear. We investigated whether iBETs could regulate ECM accumulation in experimental GN and evaluated the role of SOX9 in this process. For this purpose, we tested the iBET JQ1 in mice with anti-glomerular basement membrane nephritis induced by nephrotoxic serum (NTS). In NTS-injected mice, JQ1 treatment reduced glomerular ECM deposition, mainly by inhibiting glomerular COLIV accumulation and Col4a3 gene overexpression. Moreover, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that JQ1 inhibited the recruitment and binding of BRD4 to the Col4a3 promoter and reduced its transcription. Active SOX9 was found in the nuclei of glomerular cells of NTS-injured kidneys, mainly in COLIV-stained regions. JQ1 treatment blocked SOX9 nuclear translocation in injured kidneys. Moreover, in vitro JQ1 blocked TGF-β1-induced SOX9 activation and ECM production in cultured mesangial cells. Additionally, SOX9 gene silencing inhibited ECM production, including COLIV production. Our results demonstrated that JQ1 inhibited SOX9/COLIV, to reduce experimental glomerulosclerosis, supporting further research of iBET as a potential therapeutic option in progressive glomerulosclerosis.
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17
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Gu L, Li A, Lin J, Gan Y, He C, Xiao R, Liao J, Li Y, Guo S. Knockdown of SOX9 alleviates tracheal fibrosis through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. J Mol Med (Berl) 2022; 100:1659-1670. [PMID: 36192639 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02261-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Trachealfibrosis is an important cause of tracheal stenosis without effective treatments, and new drug targets need to be developed. The role of SOX9 in the injury and repair of the trachea is unknown; this study aims to investigate the role of SOX9 in the regulation of tracheal fibrosis based on clinical samples from patients with tracheal injury and a model of tracheal fibrosis produced by tracheal brushing in rats. The results showed that the expressions of SOX9 and mesenchymal and ECM-related indicators were increased in the injury and fibrosis of the trachea in patients and rats. Serum SOX9 levels exhibited a sensitivity of 83.87% and specificity of 90% in distinguishing patients with tracheal fibrosis from healthy volunteers when the cut‑off value was 13.24 ng/ml. Knockdown SOX9 can markedly inhibit granulation tissue proliferation, reduce inflammation and ECM deposition, promote epithelial regeneration and granulation tissue apoptosis, and attenuate the tracheal fibrosis after injury. Additionally, RNA sequencing showed that the proliferation, migration, and ECM deposition of tracheal granulation tissue were related to the activation of Wnt pathway, activation of the β-catenin, and p-GSK3β after injury can be inhibited by the knockdown of SOX9. In summary, SOX9 is upregulated in tracheas fibrosis and may be a novel factor to promote tracheal fibrosis progression. Inhibiting SOX9 may be used to prevent and treat tracheal fibrosis in the future. KEY MESSAGE : The expression of SOX9 is upregulated the process of injury and repair of the tracheal fibrosis. Knocking down SOX9 can attenuate tracheal fibrosis after injury by inhibiting inflammation response, granulation tissue proliferation, ECM deposition, and promoting granulation tissue apoptosis. The Wnt/β-catenin-SOX9 axis is activated during tracheal injury and fibrosis, and inhibition of SOX9 can partially alleviate tracheal fibrosis. SOX9 may act as a new diagnostic and therapeutic target in patients with tracheal fibrosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Anmao Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Lin
- Department of Infection Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiling Gan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Xiao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxin Liao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yishi Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuliang Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Ke Y, Jian-yuan H, Ping Z, Yue W, Na X, Jian Y, Kai-xuan L, Yi-fan S, Han-bin L, Rong L. The progressive application of single-cell RNA sequencing technology in cardiovascular diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113604. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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19
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Pandey RS, Krebs MP, Bolisetty MT, Charette JR, Naggert JK, Robson P, Nishina PM, Carter GW. Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Molecular Features of Heterogeneity in the Murine Retinal Pigment Epithelium. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810419. [PMID: 36142331 PMCID: PMC9499471 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcriptomic analysis of the mammalian retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) aims to identify cellular networks that influence ocular development, maintenance, function, and disease. However, available evidence points to RPE cell heterogeneity within native tissue, which adds complexity to global transcriptomic analysis. Here, to assess cell heterogeneity, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of RPE cells from two young adult male C57BL/6J mice. Following quality control to ensure robust transcript identification limited to cell singlets, we detected 13,858 transcripts among 2667 and 2846 RPE cells. Dimensional reduction by principal component analysis and uniform manifold approximation and projection revealed six distinct cell populations. All clusters expressed transcripts typical of RPE cells; the smallest (C1, containing 1–2% of total cells) exhibited the hallmarks of stem and/or progenitor (SP) cells. Placing C1–6 along a pseudotime axis suggested a relative decrease in melanogenesis and SP gene expression and a corresponding increase in visual cycle gene expression upon RPE maturation. K-means clustering of all detected transcripts identified additional expression patterns that may advance the understanding of RPE SP cell maintenance and the evolution of cellular metabolic networks during development. This work provides new insights into the transcriptome of the mouse RPE and a baseline for identifying experimentally induced transcriptional changes in future studies of this tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi S. Pandey
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, 10 Discovery Dr., Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Mark P. Krebs
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Mohan T. Bolisetty
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, 10 Discovery Dr., Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | | | | | - Paul Robson
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, 10 Discovery Dr., Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Patsy M. Nishina
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
- Correspondence: (P.M.N.); (G.W.C.)
| | - Gregory W. Carter
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
- Correspondence: (P.M.N.); (G.W.C.)
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20
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He L, Wang Y, Luo J. Epigenetic modification mechanism of histone demethylase KDM1A in regulating cardiomyocyte apoptosis after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13823. [PMID: 35959481 PMCID: PMC9359132 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia and reoxygenation (H/R) play a prevalent role in heart-related diseases. Histone demethylases are involved in myocardial injury. In this study, the mechanism of the lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A (KDM1A/LSD1) on cardiomyocyte apoptosis after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) was investigated. Firstly, HL-1 cells were treated with H/R to establish the MIRI models. The expressions of KDM1A and Sex Determining Region Y-Box Transcription Factor 9 (SOX9) in H/R-treated HL-1 cells were examined. The cell viability, markers of myocardial injury (LDH, AST, and CK-MB) and apoptosis (Bax and Bcl-2), and Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 protein activities were detected, respectively. We found that H/R treatment promoted cardiomyocyte apoptosis and downregulated KDM1A, and overexpressing KDM1A reduced apoptosis in H/R-treated cardiomyocytes. Subsequently, tri-methylation of lysine 4 on histone H3 (H3K4me3) level on the SOX9 promoter region was detected. We found that KDM1A repressed SOX9 transcription by reducing H3K4me3. Then, HL-1 cells were treated with CPI-455 and plasmid pcDNA3.1-SOX9 and had joint experiments with pcDNA3.1-KDM1A. We disclosed that upregulating H3K4me3 or overexpressing SOX9 reversed the inhibitory effect of overexpressing KDM1A on apoptosis of H/R-treated cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, KDM1A inhibited SOX9 transcription by reducing the H3K4me3 on the SOX9 promoter region and thus inhibited H/R-induced apoptosis of cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin He
- Department of Cardiology, The Center Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang, China
| | - Yanbo Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Center Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang, China
| | - Jin Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The Center Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang, China
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21
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Fuglerud BM, Drissler S, Lotto J, Stephan TL, Thakur A, Cullum R, Hoodless PA. SOX9 reprograms endothelial cells by altering the chromatin landscape. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:8547-8565. [PMID: 35904801 PMCID: PMC9410909 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor SOX9 is activated at the onset of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) during embryonic development and in pathological conditions. Its roles in regulating these processes, however, are not clear. Using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as an EndMT model, we show that SOX9 expression alone is sufficient to activate mesenchymal genes and steer endothelial cells towards a mesenchymal fate. By genome-wide mapping of the chromatin landscape, we show that SOX9 displays features of a pioneer transcription factor, such as opening of chromatin and leading to deposition of active histone modifications at silent chromatin regions, guided by SOX dimer motifs and H2A.Z enrichment. We further observe highly transient and dynamic SOX9 binding, possibly promoted through its eviction by histone phosphorylation. However, while SOX9 binding is dynamic, changes in the chromatin landscape and cell fate induced by SOX9 are persistent. Finally, our analysis of single-cell chromatin accessibility indicates that SOX9 opens chromatin to drive EndMT in atherosclerotic lesions in vivo. This study provides new insight into key molecular functions of SOX9 and mechanisms of EndMT and highlights the crucial developmental role of SOX9 and relevance to human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina M Fuglerud
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3N1, Canada.,Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Sibyl Drissler
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada.,Cell and Developmental Biology Program, University of British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jeremy Lotto
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada.,Cell and Developmental Biology Program, University of British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Tabea L Stephan
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada.,Cell and Developmental Biology Program, University of British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Avinash Thakur
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Rebecca Cullum
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Pamela A Hoodless
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3N1, Canada.,Cell and Developmental Biology Program, University of British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
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22
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Guo S, Zhang E, Zhang B, Liu Q, Meng Z, Li Z, Wang C, Gong Z, Wu Y. Identification of Key Non-coding RNAs and Transcription Factors in Calcific Aortic Valve Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:826744. [PMID: 35845040 PMCID: PMC9276990 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.826744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is one of the most frequently occurring valvular heart diseases among the aging population. Currently, there is no known pharmacological treatment available to delay or reverse CAVD progression. The regulation of gene expression could contribute to the initiation, progression, and treatment of CAVD. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and transcription factors play essential regulatory roles in gene expression in CAVD; thus, further research is urgently needed. Materials and Methods The gene-expression profiles of GSE51472 and GSE12644 were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in each dataset. A protein-protein-interaction (PPI) network of DEGs was then constructed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins database, and functional modules were analyzed with ClusterOne plugin in Cytoscape. Furthermore, Gene Ontology-functional annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes-pathway analysis were conducted for each functional module. Most crucially, ncRNAs and transcription factors acting on each functional module were separately identified using the RNAInter and TRRUST databases. The expression of predicted transcription factors and key genes was validated using GSE51472 and GSE12644. Furthermore, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) experiments were performed to validate the differential expression of most promising candidates in human CAVD and control samples. Results Among 552 DEGs, 383 were upregulated and 169 were downregulated. In the PPI network, 15 functional modules involving 182 genes and proteins were identified. After hypergeometric testing, 45 ncRNAs and 33 transcription factors were obtained. Among the predicted transcription factors, CIITA, HIF1A, JUN, POU2F2, and STAT6 were differentially expressed in both the training and validation sets. In addition, we found that key genes, namely, CD2, CD86, CXCL8, FCGR3B, GZMB, ITGB2, LY86, MMP9, PPBP, and TYROBP were also differentially expressed in both the training and validation sets. Among the most promising candidates, differential expressions of ETS1, JUN, NFKB1, RELA, SP1, STAT1, ANCR, and LOC101927497 were identified via qRT-PCR experiments. Conclusion In this study, we identified functional modules with ncRNAs and transcription factors involved in CAVD pathogenesis. The current results suggest candidate molecules for further research on CAVD.
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23
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Gong X, Li Y, He Y, Zhou F. USP7-SOX9-miR-96-5p-NLRP3 network regulates myocardial injury and cardiomyocyte pyroptosis in sepsis. Hum Gene Ther 2022; 33:1073-1090. [PMID: 35686454 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2022.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a common life-threatening pathology. This study investigated the role of transcription factor sex-determining region Y (SRY)-box 9 (SOX9) in sepsis-induced cardiomyocyte pyroptosis. A murine model of sepsis was established, followed by detection of cardiac functions and myocardial injury. HL-1 cells were induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The levels of IL-18, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, MDA, and SOD in myocardial tissues and HL-1 cells were determined. SOX9 ubiquitination level was measured. The binding relationships between SOX9-miR-96-5p and miR-96-5p-NLRP3 were analyzed, and the interaction between ubiquitin-specific peptidase 7 (USP7) and SOX9 was measured. SOX9 was highly expressed in septic mice and LPS-induced HL-1 cells. SOX9 silencing improved cardiac function, alleviated myocardial injury, reduced the levels of IL-1β, IL-18, cleaved caspase-1, GSDMD-N, TNF-α, IL-6, and MDA in myocardial tissues and HL-1 cells, increased the level of SOD, and alleviated cardiomyocyte pyroptosis. USP7 upregulated SOX9 expression through deubiquitination. SOX9 inhibited miR-96-5p expression and miR-96-5p targeted NLRP3. miR-96-5p silencing or USP7 overexpression reversed the inhibitory effect of SOX9 silencing on cardiomyocyte pyroptosis. Collectively, USP7 upregulated SOX9 expression through deubiquitination, and SOX9 suppressed miR-96-5p expression by binding to the miR-96-5p promoter region, thereby promoting NLRP3 expression and then exacerbating sepsis-induced myocardial injury and cardiomyocyte pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Gong
- Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences • Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China;
| | - Yao Li
- Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences • Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China;
| | - Yu He
- Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences • Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China;
| | - Fang Zhou
- Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences • Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, 32# W.Sec 2,1st Ring Rd, Qingyang District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China, 610072;
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24
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Bellidifolin Inhibits SRY-Related High Mobility Group-Box Gene 9 to Block TGF-β Signalling Activation to Ameliorate Myocardial Fibrosis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:6841276. [PMID: 35586685 PMCID: PMC9110156 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6841276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis is the main morphological change of ventricular remodelling caused by cardiovascular diseases, mainly manifested due to the excessive production of collagen proteins. SRY-related high mobility group-box gene 9 (SOX9) is a new target regulating myocardial fibrosis. Bellidifolin (BEL), the active component of G. acuta, can prevent heart damage. However, it is unclear whether BEL can regulate SOX9 to alleviate myocardial fibrosis. The mice were subjected to isoproterenol (ISO) to establish myocardial fibrosis, and human myocardial fibroblasts (HCFs) were activated by TGF-β1 in the present study. The pathological changes of cardiac tissue were observed by HE staining. Masson staining was applied to reveal the collagen deposition in the heart. The measurement for expression of fibrosis-related proteins, SOX9, and TGF-β1 signalling molecules adopted Western blot and immunohistochemistry. The effects of BEL on HCFs, activity were detected by CCK-8. The result showed that BEL did not affect cell viability. And, the data indicated that BEL inhibited the elevations in α-SMA, Collagen I, and Collagen III by decreasing SOX9 expression. Additionally, SOX9 suppression by siRNA downregulated the TGF-β1 expression and prevented Smad3 phosphorylation, as supported by reducing the expression of α-SMA, Collagen I, and Collagen III. In vivo study verified that BEL ameliorated myocardial fibrosis by inhibiting SOX9. Therefore, BEL inhibited SOX9 to block TGF-β1 signalling activation to ameliorate myocardial fibrosis.
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25
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Liu CF, Ni Y, Thachil V, Morley M, Moravec CS, Tang WHW. Differential expression of members of SOX family of transcription factors in failing human hearts. Transl Res 2022; 242:66-78. [PMID: 34695607 PMCID: PMC8891044 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The Sry-related high-mobility-group box (SOX) gene family, with 20 known transcription factors in humans, plays an essential role during development and disease processes. Several SOX proteins (SOX4, 11, and 9) are required for normal heart morphogenesis. SOX9 was shown to contribute to cardiac fibrosis. However, differential expression of other SOXs and their roles in the failing human myocardium have not been explored. Here, we used the whole-transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq), gene co-expression, and meta-analysis to examine whether any SOX factors might play a role in the failing human myocardium. RNA-seq analysis was performed for cardiac tissue samples from heart failure (HF) patients due to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and healthy donors (NF). The RNA levels of 20 SOX genes from RNA-seq data were extracted and compared to the 3 groups. Four SOX genes whose RNA levels were significantly upregulated in DCM or HCM compared to NF. However, only SOX4 and SOX8 proteins were markedly increased in the HF groups. A moderate to strong correlation was observed between the RNA level of SOX4/8 and fibrotic genes among each individual. Gene co-expression network analysis identified genes associated and respond similarly to perturbations with SOX4 in cardiac tissues. Using a meta-analysis combining epigenetics and genome-wide association data, we reported several genomic variants associated with HF phenotype linked to SOX4 or SOX8. In summary, our results implicate that SOX4 and SOX8 have a role in cardiomyopathy, leading to HF in humans. The molecular mechanism associated with them in HF warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Feng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ying Ni
- Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Varun Thachil
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Michael Morley
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Christine S Moravec
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Wai Hong Wilson Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
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26
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Bowers SL, Meng Q, Molkentin JD. Fibroblasts orchestrate cellular crosstalk in the heart through the ECM. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2022; 1:312-321. [PMID: 38765890 PMCID: PMC11101212 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-022-00043-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Cell communication is needed for organ function and stress responses, especially in the heart. Cardiac fibroblasts, cardiomyocytes, immune cells, and endothelial cells comprise the major cell types in ventricular myocardium that together coordinate all functional processes. Critical to this cellular network is the non-cellular extracellular matrix (ECM) that provides structure and harbors growth factors and other signaling proteins that affect cell behavior. The ECM is not only produced and modified by cells within the myocardium, largely cardiac fibroblasts, it also acts as an avenue for communication among all myocardial cells. In this Review, we discuss how the development of therapeutics to combat cardiac diseases, specifically fibrosis, relies on a deeper understanding of how the cardiac ECM is intertwined with signaling processes that underlie cellular activation and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jeffery D. Molkentin
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology; University of Cincinnati, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati, OH
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27
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Robinson EL, Baker AH, Brittan M, McCracken I, Condorelli G, Emanueli C, Srivastava PK, Gaetano C, Thum T, Vanhaverbeke M, Angione C, Heymans S, Devaux Y, Pedrazzini T, Martelli F. Dissecting the transcriptome in cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:1004-1019. [PMID: 33757121 PMCID: PMC8930073 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The human transcriptome comprises a complex network of coding and non-coding RNAs implicated in a myriad of biological functions. Non-coding RNAs exhibit highly organized spatial and temporal expression patterns and are emerging as critical regulators of differentiation, homeostasis, and pathological states, including in the cardiovascular system. This review defines the current knowledge gaps, unmet methodological needs, and describes the challenges in dissecting and understanding the role and regulation of the non-coding transcriptome in cardiovascular disease. These challenges include poor annotation of the non-coding genome, determination of the cellular distribution of transcripts, assessment of the role of RNA processing and identification of cell-type specific changes in cardiovascular physiology and disease. We highlight similarities and differences in the hurdles associated with the analysis of the non-coding and protein-coding transcriptomes. In addition, we discuss how the lack of consensus and absence of standardized methods affect reproducibility of data. These shortcomings should be defeated in order to make significant scientific progress and foster the development of clinically applicable non-coding RNA-based therapeutic strategies to lessen the burden of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Robinson
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- The Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andrew H Baker
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Mairi Brittan
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Ian McCracken
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - G Condorelli
- Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas University, Via Manzoni 113, Rozzano, MI 20089, Italy
| | - C Emanueli
- Imperial College, National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - P K Srivastava
- Imperial College, National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - C Gaetano
- Laboratorio di Epigenetica, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - T Thum
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - M Vanhaverbeke
- UZ Gasthuisberg Campus, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - C Angione
- Department of Computer Science and Information Systems, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, TS4 3BX, UK
| | - S Heymans
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Y Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B, rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - T Pedrazzini
- Experimental Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Lausanne Medical School, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - F Martelli
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS-Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Edmondo Malan, 2, 20097 San Donato, Milan, Italy
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Bugg D, Bailey LRJ, Bretherton RC, Beach KE, Reichardt IM, Robeson KZ, Reese AC, Gunaje J, Flint G, DeForest CA, Stempien-Otero A, Davis J. MBNL1 drives dynamic transitions between fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in cardiac wound healing. Cell Stem Cell 2022; 29:419-433.e10. [PMID: 35176223 PMCID: PMC8929295 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2022.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic fibroblast to myofibroblast state transitions underlie the heart's fibrotic response. Because transcriptome maturation by muscleblind-like 1 (MBNL1) promotes differentiated cell states, this study investigated whether tactical control of MBNL1 activity could alter myofibroblast activity and fibrotic outcomes. In healthy mice, cardiac fibroblast-specific overexpression of MBNL1 transitioned the fibroblast transcriptome to that of a myofibroblast and after injury promoted myocyte remodeling and scar maturation. Both fibroblast- and myofibroblast-specific loss of MBNL1 limited scar production and stabilization, which was ascribed to negligible myofibroblast activity. The combination of MBNL1 deletion and injury caused quiescent fibroblasts to expand and adopt features of cardiac mesenchymal stem cells, whereas transgenic MBNL1 expression blocked fibroblast proliferation and drove the population into a mature myofibroblast state. These data suggest MBNL1 is a post-transcriptional switch, controlling fibroblast state plasticity during cardiac wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darrian Bugg
- Department of Lab Medicine & Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Logan R J Bailey
- Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Ross C Bretherton
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Kylie E Beach
- Department of Lab Medicine & Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | | | - Kalen Z Robeson
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Anna C Reese
- Department of Lab Medicine & Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jagadambika Gunaje
- Department of Lab Medicine & Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Galina Flint
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Cole A DeForest
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | | | - Jennifer Davis
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Department of Lab Medicine & Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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29
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Rogers JD, Aguado BA, Watts KM, Anseth KS, Richardson WJ. Network modeling predicts personalized gene expression and drug responses in valve myofibroblasts cultured with patient sera. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2117323119. [PMID: 35181609 PMCID: PMC8872767 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2117323119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aortic valve stenosis (AVS) patients experience pathogenic valve leaflet stiffening due to excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. Numerous microenvironmental cues influence pathogenic expression of ECM remodeling genes in tissue-resident valvular myofibroblasts, and the regulation of complex myofibroblast signaling networks depends on patient-specific extracellular factors. Here, we combined a manually curated myofibroblast signaling network with a data-driven transcription factor network to predict patient-specific myofibroblast gene expression signatures and drug responses. Using transcriptomic data from myofibroblasts cultured with AVS patient sera, we produced a large-scale, logic-gated differential equation model in which 11 biochemical and biomechanical signals were transduced via a network of 334 signaling and transcription reactions to accurately predict the expression of 27 fibrosis-related genes. Correlations were found between personalized model-predicted gene expression and AVS patient echocardiography data, suggesting links between fibrosis-related signaling and patient-specific AVS severity. Further, global network perturbation analyses revealed signaling molecules with the most influence over network-wide activity, including endothelin 1 (ET1), interleukin 6 (IL6), and transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), along with downstream mediators c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Lastly, we performed virtual drug screening to identify patient-specific drug responses, which were experimentally validated via fibrotic gene expression measurements in valvular interstitial cells cultured with AVS patient sera and treated with or without bosentan-a clinically approved ET1 receptor inhibitor. In sum, our work advances the ability of computational approaches to provide a mechanistic basis for clinical decisions including patient stratification and personalized drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse D Rogers
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN 37830
| | - Brian A Aguado
- Chemical and Biological Engineering Department, BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309
- Bioengineering Department, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
- Stem Cell Program, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Kelsey M Watts
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634
| | - Kristi S Anseth
- Chemical and Biological Engineering Department, BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309;
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30
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Vekstein AM, Wendell DC, DeLuca S, Yan R, Chen Y, Bishawi M, Devlin GW, Asokan A, Poss KD, Bowles DE, Williams AR, Bursac N. Targeted Delivery for Cardiac Regeneration: Comparison of Intra-coronary Infusion and Intra-myocardial Injection in Porcine Hearts. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:833335. [PMID: 35224061 PMCID: PMC8866722 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.833335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal delivery route to enhance effectiveness of regenerative therapeutics to the human heart is poorly understood. Direct intra-myocardial (IM) injection is the gold standard, however, it is relatively invasive. We thus compared targeted IM against less invasive, catheter-based intra-coronary (IC) delivery to porcine myocardium for the acute retention of nanoparticles using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging and viral vector transduction using qPCR. METHODS Ferumoxytol iron oxide (IO) nanoparticles (5 ml) were administered to Yorkshire swine (n = 13) by: (1) IM via thoracotomy, (2) catheter-based IC balloon-occlusion (BO) with infusion into the distal left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery, (3) IC perforated side-wall (SW) infusion into the LAD, or (4) non-selective IC via left main (LM) coronary artery infusion. Hearts were harvested and imaged using at 3T whole-body MRI scanner. In separate Yorkshire swine (n = 13), an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector was similarly delivered, tissue harvested 4-6 weeks later, and viral DNA quantified from predefined areas at risk (apical LV/RV) vs. not at risk in a potential mid-LAD infarct model. Results were analyzed using pairwise Student's t-test. RESULTS IM delivery yielded the highest IO retention (16.0 ± 4.6% of left ventricular volume). Of the IC approaches, BO showed the highest IO retention (8.7 ± 2.2% vs. SW = 5.5 ± 4.9% and LM = 0%) and yielded consistent uptake in the porcine distal LAD territory, including the apical septum, LV, and RV. IM delivery was limited to the apex and anterior wall, without septal retention. For the AAV delivery, the BO was most efficient in the at risk territory (Risk: BO = 6.0 × 10-9, IM = 1.4 × 10-9, LM = 3.2 × 10-10 viral copies per μg genomic DNA) while all delivery routes were comparable in the non-risk territory (BO = 1.7 × 10-9, IM = 8.9 × 10-10, LM = 1.2 × 10-9). CONCLUSIONS Direct IM injection has the highest local retention, while IC delivery with balloon occlusion and distal infusion is the most effective IC delivery technique to target therapeutics to a heart territory most in risk from an infarct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M. Vekstein
- Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - David C. Wendell
- Duke Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Sophia DeLuca
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Ruorong Yan
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Yifan Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Muath Bishawi
- Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Garth W. Devlin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Aravind Asokan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Kenneth D. Poss
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Dawn E. Bowles
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Adam R. Williams
- Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Nenad Bursac
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
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31
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Rogers JD, Richardson WJ. Fibroblast mechanotransduction network predicts targets for mechano-adaptive infarct therapies. eLife 2022; 11:62856. [PMID: 35138248 PMCID: PMC8849334 DOI: 10.7554/elife.62856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Regional control of fibrosis after myocardial infarction is critical for maintaining structural integrity in the infarct while preventing collagen accumulation in non-infarcted areas. Cardiac fibroblasts modulate matrix turnover in response to biochemical and biomechanical cues, but the complex interactions between signaling pathways confound efforts to develop therapies for regional scar formation. We employed a logic-based ordinary differential equation model of fibroblast mechano-chemo signal transduction to predict matrix protein expression in response to canonical biochemical stimuli and mechanical tension. Functional analysis of mechano-chemo interactions showed extensive pathway crosstalk with tension amplifying, dampening, or reversing responses to biochemical stimuli. Comprehensive drug target screens identified 13 mechano-adaptive therapies that promote matrix accumulation in regions where it is needed and reduce matrix levels in regions where it is not needed. Our predictions suggest that mechano-chemo interactions likely mediate cell behavior across many tissues and demonstrate the utility of multi-pathway signaling networks in discovering therapies for context-specific disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse D Rogers
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, United States
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32
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Boogerd CJ, Lacraz GPA, Vértesy Á, van Kampen SJ, Perini I, de Ruiter H, Versteeg D, Brodehl A, van der Kraak P, Giacca M, de Jonge N, Junker JP, van Oudenaarden A, Vink A, van Rooij E. OUP accepted manuscript. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 119:477-491. [PMID: 35576477 PMCID: PMC10064846 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is an inherited cardiac disorder that is characterized by progressive loss of myocardium that is replaced by fibro-fatty cells, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. While myocardial degeneration and fibro-fatty replacement occur in specific locations, the underlying molecular changes remain poorly characterized. Here, we aim to delineate local changes in gene expression to identify new genes and pathways that are relevant for specific remodelling processes occurring during ACM. METHODS AND RESULTS Using Tomo-Seq, genome-wide transcriptional profiling with high spatial resolution, we created transmural epicardial-to-endocardial gene expression atlases of explanted ACM hearts to gain molecular insights into disease-driving processes. This enabled us to link gene expression profiles to the different regional remodelling responses and allowed us to identify genes that are potentially relevant for disease progression. In doing so, we identified distinct gene expression profiles marking regions of cardiomyocyte degeneration and fibro-fatty remodelling and revealed Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 11 (ZBTB11) to be specifically enriched at sites of active fibro-fatty replacement of myocardium. Immunohistochemistry indicated ZBTB11 to be induced in cardiomyocytes flanking fibro-fatty areas, which could be confirmed in multiple cardiomyopathy patients. Forced overexpression of ZBTB11 induced autophagy and cell death-related gene programmes in human cardiomyocytes, leading to increased apoptosis. CONCLUSION Our study shows the power of Tomo-Seq to unveil new molecular mechanisms in human cardiomyopathy and uncovers ZBTB11 as a novel driver of cardiomyocyte loss.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sebastiaan J van Kampen
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ilaria Perini
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hesther de Ruiter
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle Versteeg
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Brodehl
- Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Petra van der Kraak
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mauro Giacca
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre, London, UK
| | - Nicolaas de Jonge
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Philipp Junker
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander van Oudenaarden
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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33
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Misra A, Baker CD, Pritchett EM, Burgos Villar KN, Ashton JM, Small EM. Characterizing Neonatal Heart Maturation, Regeneration, and Scar Resolution Using Spatial Transcriptomics. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2021; 9:1. [PMID: 35050211 PMCID: PMC8779463 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The neonatal mammalian heart exhibits a remarkable regenerative potential, which includes fibrotic scar resolution and the generation of new cardiomyocytes. To investigate the mechanisms facilitating heart repair after apical resection in neonatal mice, we conducted bulk and spatial transcriptomic analyses at regenerative and non-regenerative timepoints. Importantly, spatial transcriptomics provided near single-cell resolution, revealing distinct domains of atrial and ventricular myocardium that exhibit dynamic phenotypic alterations during postnatal heart maturation. Spatial transcriptomics also defined the cardiac scar, which transitions from a proliferative to secretory phenotype as the heart loses regenerative potential. The resolving scar is characterized by spatially and temporally restricted programs of inflammation, epicardium expansion and extracellular matrix production, metabolic reprogramming, lipogenic scar extrusion, and cardiomyocyte restoration. Finally, this study revealed the emergence of a regenerative border zone defined by immature cardiomyocyte markers and the robust expression of Sprr1a. Taken together, our study defines the spatially and temporally restricted gene programs that underlie neonatal heart regeneration and provides insight into cardio-restorative mechanisms supporting scar resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adwiteeya Misra
- Department of Medicine, Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (A.M.); (K.N.B.V.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Cameron D. Baker
- Genomics Research Center, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (C.D.B.); (E.M.P.); (J.M.A.)
| | - Elizabeth M. Pritchett
- Genomics Research Center, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (C.D.B.); (E.M.P.); (J.M.A.)
| | - Kimberly N. Burgos Villar
- Department of Medicine, Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (A.M.); (K.N.B.V.)
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - John M. Ashton
- Genomics Research Center, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (C.D.B.); (E.M.P.); (J.M.A.)
| | - Eric M. Small
- Department of Medicine, Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (A.M.); (K.N.B.V.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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34
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Lu Y, Wu Q, Liao J, Zhang S, Lu K, Yang S, Wu Y, Dong Q, Yuan J, Zhao N, Du Y. Identification of the distinctive role of DPT in dilated cardiomyopathy: a study based on bulk and single-cell transcriptomic analysis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1401. [PMID: 34733953 PMCID: PMC8506774 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-2913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common cause of heart failure. Cardiac remodeling is the main pathological change in DCM, yet the molecular mechanism is still unclear. Therefore, the present study aims to find potential crucial genes and regulators through bulk and single-cell transcriptomic analysis. Methods Three microarray datasets of DCM (GSE57338, GSE42955, GSE79962) were chosen from gene expression omnibus (GEO) to analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). LASSO regression, SVM-RFE, and PPI network methods were then carried out to identify key genes. Another dataset (GSE116250) was used to validate these findings. To further identify DCM-associated specific cell types, transcription factors, and cell-cell interaction networks, GSEA, SCENIC, and CellPhoneDB were conducted on public datasets for single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of DCM (GSE109816 and GSE121893). Finally, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), western blot, and immunohistochemical were performed to validate DPT expression in fibroblasts and DCM. Results There were 281 DEGs between DCM and non-failing donors. CCL5 and DPT were identified to be key genes and both genes had a 0.844 area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) in the validation dataset. Further single-cell sequencing analysis revealed three main findings: (I) DPT was mainly expressed in fibroblasts and was significantly upregulated in DCM fibroblasts; (II) DPT+ fibroblasts were involved in the organization of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and collagen fibrils and were regulated by the transcription factor STAT3; and (III) DPT+ fibroblasts had high interactions with endothelial cells through including Ephrin-Eph, ACKR-CXCL, and JAG-NOTCH signal pathways. RT-PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemical confirmed that DPT was highly expressed and co-localized with Vimentin and p-STAT3 in DCM patients. STAT3 inhibitor S3I-201 reduced the expression of DPT in mouse cardiac fibroblasts. Conclusions DPT could be used as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target of DCM. DPT+ fibroblasts could be a novel regulator of the cardiac remodeling process in DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Research Center of Ion Channelopathy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Lab for Biological Targeted Therapy of Education Ministry and Hubei Province, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiongfeng Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Research Center of Ion Channelopathy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Lab for Biological Targeted Therapy of Education Ministry and Hubei Province, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Research Center of Ion Channelopathy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Lab for Biological Targeted Therapy of Education Ministry and Hubei Province, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaoshao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Research Center of Ion Channelopathy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Lab for Biological Targeted Therapy of Education Ministry and Hubei Province, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Research Center of Ion Channelopathy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Lab for Biological Targeted Therapy of Education Ministry and Hubei Province, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuaitao Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Research Center of Ion Channelopathy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Lab for Biological Targeted Therapy of Education Ministry and Hubei Province, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuwei Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Research Center of Ion Channelopathy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Lab for Biological Targeted Therapy of Education Ministry and Hubei Province, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Research Center of Ion Channelopathy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Lab for Biological Targeted Therapy of Education Ministry and Hubei Province, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Lab for Biological Targeted Therapy of Education Ministry and Hubei Province, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Research Center of Ion Channelopathy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Lab for Biological Targeted Therapy of Education Ministry and Hubei Province, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yimei Du
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Research Center of Ion Channelopathy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Lab for Biological Targeted Therapy of Education Ministry and Hubei Province, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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35
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Günthel M, van Duijvenboden K, de Bakker DEM, Hooijkaas IB, Bakkers J, Barnett P, Christoffels VM. Epigenetic State Changes Underlie Metabolic Switch in Mouse Post-Infarction Border Zone Cardiomyocytes. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2021; 8:134. [PMID: 34821687 PMCID: PMC8620718 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd8110134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction causes ventricular muscle loss and formation of scar tissue. The surviving myocardium in the border zone, located adjacent to the infarct, undergoes profound changes in function, structure and composition. How and to what extent these changes of border zone cardiomyocytes are regulated epigenetically is not fully understood. Here, we obtained transcriptomes of PCM-1-sorted mouse cardiomyocyte nuclei of healthy left ventricle and 7 days post myocardial infarction border zone tissue. We validated previously observed downregulation of genes involved in fatty acid metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial function in border zone-derived cardiomyocytes, and observed a modest induction of genes involved in glycolysis, including Slc2a1 (Glut1) and Pfkp. To gain insight into the underlying epigenetic regulatory mechanisms, we performed H3K27ac profiling of healthy and border zone cardiomyocyte nuclei. We confirmed the switch from Mef2- to AP-1 chromatin association in border zone cardiomyocytes, and observed, in addition, an enrichment of PPAR/RXR binding motifs in the sites with reduced H3K27ac signal. We detected downregulation and accompanying epigenetic state changes at several key PPAR target genes including Ppargc1a (PGC-1α), Cpt2, Ech1, Fabpc3 and Vldrl in border zone cardiomyocytes. These data indicate that changes in epigenetic state and gene regulation underlie the maintained metabolic switch in border zone cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Günthel
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.G.); (K.v.D.); (I.B.H.); (P.B.)
| | - Karel van Duijvenboden
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.G.); (K.v.D.); (I.B.H.); (P.B.)
| | - Dennis E. M. de Bakker
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (D.E.M.d.B.); (J.B.)
- Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz Lipmann Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Ingeborg B. Hooijkaas
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.G.); (K.v.D.); (I.B.H.); (P.B.)
| | - Jeroen Bakkers
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (D.E.M.d.B.); (J.B.)
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Division of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Phil Barnett
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.G.); (K.v.D.); (I.B.H.); (P.B.)
| | - Vincent M. Christoffels
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.G.); (K.v.D.); (I.B.H.); (P.B.)
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36
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Rao A, Barkley D, França GS, Yanai I. Exploring tissue architecture using spatial transcriptomics. Nature 2021; 596:211-220. [PMID: 34381231 PMCID: PMC8475179 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03634-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 428] [Impact Index Per Article: 142.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Deciphering the principles and mechanisms by which gene activity orchestrates complex cellular arrangements in multicellular organisms has far-reaching implications for research in the life sciences. Recent technological advances in next-generation sequencing- and imaging-based approaches have established the power of spatial transcriptomics to measure expression levels of all or most genes systematically throughout tissue space, and have been adopted to generate biological insights in neuroscience, development and plant biology as well as to investigate a range of disease contexts, including cancer. Similar to datasets made possible by genomic sequencing and population health surveys, the large-scale atlases generated by this technology lend themselves to exploratory data analysis for hypothesis generation. Here we review spatial transcriptomic technologies and describe the repertoire of operations available for paths of analysis of the resulting data. Spatial transcriptomics can also be deployed for hypothesis testing using experimental designs that compare time points or conditions-including genetic or environmental perturbations. Finally, spatial transcriptomic data are naturally amenable to integration with other data modalities, providing an expandable framework for insight into tissue organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Rao
- Institute for Computational Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dalia Barkley
- Institute for Computational Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gustavo S França
- Institute for Computational Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Itai Yanai
- Institute for Computational Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
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37
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Schede HH, Schneider CG, Stergiadou J, Borm LE, Ranjak A, Yamawaki TM, David FPA, Lönnerberg P, Tosches MA, Codeluppi S, La Manno G. Spatial tissue profiling by imaging-free molecular tomography. Nat Biotechnol 2021; 39:968-977. [PMID: 33875865 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-021-00879-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Several techniques are currently being developed for spatially resolved omics profiling, but each new method requires the setup of specific detection strategies or specialized instrumentation. Here we describe an imaging-free framework to localize high-throughput readouts within a tissue by cutting the sample into thin strips in a way that allows subsequent image reconstruction. We implemented this framework to transform a low-input RNA sequencing protocol into an imaging-free spatial transcriptomics technique (called STRP-seq) and validated it by profiling the spatial transcriptome of the mouse brain. We applied the technique to the brain of the Australian bearded dragon, Pogona vitticeps. Our results reveal the molecular anatomy of the telencephalon of this lizard, providing evidence for a marked regionalization of the reptilian pallium and subpallium. We expect that STRP-seq can be used to derive spatially resolved data from a range of other omics techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halima Hannah Schede
- Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christian G Schneider
- Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of the Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin: NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johanna Stergiadou
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,10x Genomics, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars E Borm
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anurag Ranjak
- Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tracy M Yamawaki
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Amgen, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Fabrice P A David
- Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,BioInformatics Competence Center, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peter Lönnerberg
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Antonietta Tosches
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Simone Codeluppi
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gioele La Manno
- Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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38
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Hallab JC, Nim HT, Stolper J, Chahal G, Waylen L, Bolk F, Elliott DA, Porrello E, Ramialison M. Towards spatio-temporally resolved developmental cardiac gene regulatory networks in zebrafish. Brief Funct Genomics 2021:elab030. [PMID: 34170300 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elab030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart formation in the zebrafish involves a rapid, complex series of morphogenetic events in three-dimensional space that spans cardiac lineage specification through to chamber formation and maturation. This process is tightly orchestrated by a cardiac gene regulatory network (GRN), which ensures the precise spatio-temporal deployment of genes critical for heart formation. Alterations of the timing or spatial localisation of gene expression can have a significant impact in cardiac ontogeny and may lead to heart malformations. Hence, a better understanding of the cellular and molecular basis of congenital heart disease relies on understanding the behaviour of cardiac GRNs with precise spatiotemporal resolution. Here, we review the recent technical advances that have expanded our capacity to interrogate the cardiac GRN in zebrafish. In particular, we focus on studies utilising high-throughput technologies to systematically dissect gene expression patterns, both temporally and spatially during heart development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mirana Ramialison
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute and Systems Biology Institute Australia, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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39
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G-MDSCs promote aging-related cardiac fibrosis by activating myofibroblasts and preventing senescence. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:594. [PMID: 34103476 PMCID: PMC8187421 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03874-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aging is one of the most prominent risk factors for heart failure. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) accumulate in aged tissue and have been confirmed to be associated with various aging-related diseases. However, the role of MDSCs in the aging heart remains unknown. Through RNA-seq and biochemical approaches, we found that granulocytic MDSCs (G-MDSCs) accumulated significantly in the aging heart compared with monocytic MDSCs (M-MDSCs). Therefore, we explored the effects of G-MDSCs on the aging heart. We found that the adoptive transfer of G-MDSCs of aging mice to young hearts resulted in cardiac diastolic dysfunction by inducing cardiac fibrosis, similar to that in aging hearts. S100A8/A9 derived from G-MDSCs induced inflammatory phenotypes and increased the osteopontin (OPN) level in fibroblasts. The upregulation of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) expression in fibroblasts mediated by G-MDSCs promoted antisenescence and antiapoptotic phenotypes of fibroblasts. SOX9 is the downstream gene of FGF2 and is required for FGF2-mediated and G-MDSC-mediated profibrotic effects. Interestingly, both FGF2 levels and SOX9 levels were upregulated in fibroblasts but not in G-MDSCs and were independent of S100A8/9. Therefore, a novel FGF2-SOX9 signaling axis that regulates fibroblast self-renewal and antiapoptotic phenotypes was identified. Our study revealed the mechanism by which G-MDSCs promote cardiac fibrosis via the secretion of S100A8/A9 and the regulation of FGF2-SOX9 signaling in fibroblasts during aging.
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40
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Vigil-Garcia M, Demkes CJ, Eding JEC, Versteeg D, de Ruiter H, Perini I, Kooijman L, Gladka MM, Asselbergs FW, Vink A, Harakalova M, Bossu A, van Veen TAB, Boogerd CJ, van Rooij E. Gene expression profiling of hypertrophic cardiomyocytes identifies new players in pathological remodelling. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:1532-1545. [PMID: 32717063 PMCID: PMC8152696 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Pathological cardiac remodelling is characterized by cardiomyocyte (CM) hypertrophy and fibroblast activation, which can ultimately lead to maladaptive hypertrophy and heart failure (HF). Genome-wide expression analysis on heart tissue has been instrumental for the identification of molecular mechanisms at play. However, these data were based on signals derived from all cardiac cell types. Here, we aimed for a more detailed view on molecular changes driving maladaptive CM hypertrophy to aid in the development of therapies to reverse pathological remodelling. METHODS AND RESULTS Utilizing CM-specific reporter mice exposed to pressure overload by transverse aortic banding and CM isolation by flow cytometry, we obtained gene expression profiles of hypertrophic CMs in the more immediate phase after stress, and CMs showing pathological hypertrophy. We identified subsets of genes differentially regulated and specific for either stage. Among the genes specifically up-regulated in the CMs during the maladaptive phase we found known stress markers, such as Nppb and Myh7, but additionally identified a set of genes with unknown roles in pathological hypertrophy, including the platelet isoform of phosphofructokinase (PFKP). Norepinephrine-angiotensin II treatment of cultured human CMs induced the secretion of N-terminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) and recapitulated the up-regulation of these genes, indicating conservation of the up-regulation in failing CMs. Moreover, several genes induced during pathological hypertrophy were also found to be increased in human HF, with their expression positively correlating to the known stress markers NPPB and MYH7. Mechanistically, suppression of Pfkp in primary CMs attenuated stress-induced gene expression and hypertrophy, indicating that Pfkp is an important novel player in pathological remodelling of CMs. CONCLUSION Using CM-specific transcriptomic analysis, we identified novel genes induced during pathological hypertrophy that are relevant for human HF, and we show that PFKP is a conserved failure-induced gene that can modulate the CM stress response.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cardiac Myosins/genetics
- Cardiac Myosins/metabolism
- Cardiomegaly/genetics
- Cardiomegaly/metabolism
- Cardiomegaly/pathology
- Cardiomegaly/physiopathology
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Fibrosis
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Myosin Heavy Chains/genetics
- Myosin Heavy Chains/metabolism
- Natriuretic Peptide, Brain/genetics
- Natriuretic Peptide, Brain/metabolism
- Phosphofructokinase-1, Type C/genetics
- Phosphofructokinase-1, Type C/metabolism
- Transcriptome
- Ventricular Remodeling/genetics
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Vigil-Garcia
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte J Demkes
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joep E C Eding
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle Versteeg
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hesther de Ruiter
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ilaria Perini
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lieneke Kooijman
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Monika M Gladka
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Folkert W Asselbergs
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, UK
- Health Data Research UK and Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
| | - Aryan Vink
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Magdalena Harakalova
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Bossu
- Department of Medical Physiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Toon A B van Veen
- Department of Medical Physiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis J Boogerd
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eva van Rooij
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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41
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Zhao J, Patel J, Kaur S, Sim SL, Wong HY, Styke C, Hogan I, Kahler S, Hamilton H, Wadlow R, Dight J, Hashemi G, Sormani L, Roy E, Yoder MC, Francois M, Khosrotehrani K. Sox9 and Rbpj differentially regulate endothelial to mesenchymal transition and wound scarring in murine endovascular progenitors. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2564. [PMID: 33963183 PMCID: PMC8105340 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22717-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is a leading cause of fibrosis and disease, however its mechanism has yet to be elucidated. The endothelium possesses a profound regenerative capacity to adapt and reorganize that is attributed to a population of vessel-resident endovascular progenitors (EVP) governing an endothelial hierarchy. Here, using fate analysis, we show that two transcription factors SOX9 and RBPJ specifically affect the murine EVP numbers and regulate lineage specification. Conditional knock-out of Sox9 from the vasculature (Sox9fl/fl/Cdh5-CreERRosaYFP) depletes EVP while enhancing Rbpj expression and canonical Notch signalling. Additionally, skin wound analysis from Sox9 conditional knock-out mice demonstrates a significant reduction in pathological EndMT resulting in reduced scar area. The converse is observed with Rbpj conditionally knocked-out from the murine vasculature (Rbpjfl/fl/Cdh5-CreER RosaYFP) or inhibition of Notch signaling in human endothelial colony forming cells, resulting in enhanced Sox9 and EndMT related gene (Snail, Slug, Twist1, Twist2, TGF-β) expression. Similarly, increased endothelial hedgehog signaling (Ptch1fl/fl/Cdh5-CreER RosaYFP), that upregulates the expression of Sox9 in cells undergoing pathological EndMT, also results in excess fibrosis. Endothelial cells transitioning to a mesenchymal fate express increased Sox9, reduced Rbpj and enhanced EndMT. Importantly, using topical administration of siRNA against Sox9 on skin wounds can substantially reduce scar area by blocking pathological EndMT. Overall, here we report distinct fates of EVPs according to the relative expression of Rbpj or Notch signalling and Sox9, highlighting their potential plasticity and opening exciting avenues for more effective therapies in fibrotic diseases. How endothelial to mesenchymal transition is regulated in endovascular progenitors is unclear. Here, the authors show that blocking Sox9 expression in murine endovascular progenitors regulates this transition on skin wounding, affecting the size of scarring, with changes in Rbpj having the opposite effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilai Zhao
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Jatin Patel
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia.,Centre for Ageing Research Program, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Simranpreet Kaur
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Seen-Ling Sim
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Ho Yi Wong
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Cassandra Styke
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Isabella Hogan
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Sam Kahler
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Hamish Hamilton
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Racheal Wadlow
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - James Dight
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Ghazaleh Hashemi
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Laura Sormani
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Edwige Roy
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Mervin C Yoder
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Mathias Francois
- The David Richmond Laboratory for Cardiovascular Development: Gene Regulation and Editing Program, The Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,The School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Kiarash Khosrotehrani
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia.
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42
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Arai H, Sato Y, Yanagita M. Fibroblast heterogeneity and tertiary lymphoid tissues in the kidney. Immunol Rev 2021; 302:196-210. [PMID: 33951198 PMCID: PMC8360208 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblasts reside in various organs and support tissue structure and homeostasis under physiological conditions. Phenotypic alterations of fibroblasts underlie the development of diverse pathological conditions, including organ fibrosis. Recent advances in single‐cell biology have revealed that fibroblasts comprise heterogeneous subpopulations with distinct phenotypes, which exert both beneficial and detrimental effects on the host organs in a context‐dependent manner. In the kidney, phenotypic alterations of resident fibroblasts provoke common pathological conditions of chronic kidney disease (CKD), such as renal anemia and peritubular capillary loss. Additionally, in aged injured kidneys, fibroblasts provide functional and structural supports for tertiary lymphoid tissues (TLTs), which serve as the ectopic site of acquired immune reactions in various clinical contexts. TLTs are closely associated with aging and CKD progression, and the developmental stages of TLTs reflect the severity of renal injury. In this review, we describe the current understanding of fibroblast heterogeneity both under physiological and pathological conditions, with special emphasis on fibroblast contribution to TLT formation in the kidney. Dissecting the heterogeneous characteristics of fibroblasts will provide a promising therapeutic option for fibroblast‐related pathological conditions, including TLT formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Arai
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Sato
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Medical Innovation Center, TMK Project, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Motoko Yanagita
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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43
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Molenaar B, Timmer LT, Droog M, Perini I, Versteeg D, Kooijman L, Monshouwer-Kloots J, de Ruiter H, Gladka MM, van Rooij E. Single-cell transcriptomics following ischemic injury identifies a role for B2M in cardiac repair. Commun Biol 2021; 4:146. [PMID: 33514846 PMCID: PMC7846780 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01636-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficiency of the repair process following ischemic cardiac injury is a crucial determinant for the progression into heart failure and is controlled by both intra- and intercellular signaling within the heart. An enhanced understanding of this complex interplay will enable better exploitation of these mechanisms for therapeutic use. We used single-cell transcriptomics to collect gene expression data of all main cardiac cell types at different time-points after ischemic injury. These data unveiled cellular and transcriptional heterogeneity and changes in cellular function during cardiac remodeling. Furthermore, we established potential intercellular communication networks after ischemic injury. Follow up experiments confirmed that cardiomyocytes express and secrete elevated levels of beta-2 microglobulin in response to ischemic damage, which can activate fibroblasts in a paracrine manner. Collectively, our data indicate phase-specific changes in cellular heterogeneity during different stages of cardiac remodeling and allow for the identification of therapeutic targets relevant for cardiac repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bas Molenaar
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Louk T Timmer
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Droog
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ilaria Perini
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle Versteeg
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lieneke Kooijman
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jantine Monshouwer-Kloots
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hesther de Ruiter
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Monika M Gladka
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eva van Rooij
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Yousefi F, Soltani BM, Rabbani S. MicroRNA‑331 inhibits isoproterenol‑induced expression of profibrotic genes in cardiac myofibroblasts via the TGFβ/smad3 signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2548. [PMID: 33510328 PMCID: PMC7843612 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82226-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis in the failing heart is modulated by activated myofibroblasts, and is a pathology marked by their deposition of extracellular matrix proteins. The TGFβ signaling pathway is important in stimulating fibrosis and therefore seems an attractive new target for anti-fibrotic therapy. The relationship between ncRNAs and TGFβ signaling pathway has been extensively studied. Here, we have provided several lines of evidence to prove that the fibrosis process could be regulated by miR-331 through targeting TGFβ signaling. First, bioinformatics analysis and dual luciferase assay validated a direct interaction between the miR-331 and TGFβ-R1 3'UTR sequence which results in the downregulation of TGFβ signaling pathway. Second, miR-331 expression was inversely related to the expression of a number of genes which are involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) production and deposition processes, both in the in vivo and in vitro fibrosis models. Third, in cultured mouse and human cardiac myofibroblasts (CMyoFbs) under ISO treatment, overexpression of miR-331 decreased the expression level of fibrosis-related genes. Consistently, western blot analysis confirmed that miR-331 overexpression ended in both Smad3 and Col1A1 protein level reduction in mouse cardiac myofibroblasts. Finally, flow cytometry analysis, cyclin D1 and D2 gene expression analysis, and wound-healing assay confirmed the inhibitory effect of miR-331 against cell proliferation and migration in ISO-treated cardiac myofibroblasts. Taken together, accumulative results showed that miR-331 reduced the level of fibrosis-related proteins in cardiac myofibroblasts culture via regulating TGFβ signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Yousefi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-154, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram M Soltani
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-154, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shahram Rabbani
- Research Center for Advanced Technologies in Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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45
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Cheng N, Li L, Wu Y, Wang M, Yang M, Wei S, Wang R. microRNA-30e up-regulation alleviates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and promotes ventricular remodeling via SOX9 repression. Mol Immunol 2020; 130:96-103. [PMID: 33293097 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM At present, studies have focused on microRNAs (miRNAs) in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MI/RI). But the specific role of miR-30e hasn't been fully explored. Thus, this study is to uncover the mechanism of miR-30e in MI/RI. METHODS MI/RI models of rats and hypoxia/reoxygenation injury (H/R) models of H9C2 cardiomyocytes were established. Rats were injected with miR-30e and SRY-related high mobility group-box gene 9 (SOX9)-related oligonucleotides or vectors to explore their roles in MI/RI. H9C2 cardiomyocytes were transfected with restored miR-30e and depleted SOX9 to decipher their function in H/R injury. miR-30e and SOX9 expression in myocardial tissues and cardiomyocytes were detected. Online website prediction and luciferase activity assay were applied to validate the targeting relationship between miR-30e and SOX9. RESULTS Decreased miR-30e and increased SOX9 were found in myocardial tissues of MI/RI rats and H/R-treated cardiomyocytes. miR-30e targeted SOX9. miR-30e up-regulation or SOX9 down-regulation reduced cardiac function damage and suppressed oxidative stress, inflammation, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and myocardial enzymes in myocardial tissues of MI/RI rats. Restoring miR-30e or silencing SOX9 energized cell viability and inhibited apoptosis of H/R-treated cardiomyocytes. Down-regulating SOX9 reversed the effects of miR-30e down-regulation on myocardial injury, ventricular remodeling, cardiomyocyte damage and apoptosis in MI/RI. CONCLUSION It is concluded that miR-30e elevation alleviated cardiac function damage and promoted ventricular remodeling via SOX9 repression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Cheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PLA General Hospital, No. 28. Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Libin Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PLA General Hospital, No. 28. Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yuanbin Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PLA General Hospital, No. 28. Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Mingyan Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PLA General Hospital, No. 28. Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PLA General Hospital, No. 28. Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Shixiong Wei
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PLA General Hospital, No. 28. Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PLA General Hospital, No. 28. Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
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46
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Ruiz-Villalba A, Romero JP, Hernández SC, Vilas-Zornoza A, Fortelny N, Castro-Labrador L, San Martin-Uriz P, Lorenzo-Vivas E, García-Olloqui P, Palacio M, Gavira JJ, Bastarrika G, Janssens S, Wu M, Iglesias E, Abizanda G, de Morentin XM, Lasaga M, Planell N, Bock C, Alignani D, Medal G, Prudovsky I, Jin YR, Ryzhov S, Yin H, Pelacho B, Gomez-Cabrero D, Lindner V, Lara-Astiaso D, Prósper F. Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Analysis Reveals a Crucial Role for CTHRC1 (Collagen Triple Helix Repeat Containing 1) Cardiac Fibroblasts After Myocardial Infarction. Circulation 2020; 142:1831-1847. [PMID: 32972203 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.044557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) have a central role in the ventricular remodeling process associated with different types of fibrosis. Recent studies have shown that fibroblasts do not respond homogeneously to heart injury. Because of the limited set of bona fide fibroblast markers, a proper characterization of fibroblast population heterogeneity in response to cardiac damage is lacking. The purpose of this study was to define CF heterogeneity during ventricular remodeling and the underlying mechanisms that regulate CF function. METHODS Collagen1α1-GFP (green fluorescent protein)-positive CFs were characterized after myocardial infarction (MI) by single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing, assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing, and functional assays. Swine and patient samples were studied using bulk RNA sequencing. RESULTS We identified and characterized a unique CF subpopulation that emerges after MI in mice. These activated fibroblasts exhibit a clear profibrotic signature, express high levels of Cthrc1 (collagen triple helix repeat containing 1), and localize into the scar. Noncanonical transforming growth factor-β signaling and different transcription factors including SOX9 are important regulators mediating their response to cardiac injury. Absence of CTHRC1 results in pronounced lethality attributable to ventricular rupture. A population of CFs with a similar transcriptome was identified in a swine model of MI and in heart tissue from patients with MI and dilated cardiomyopathy. CONCLUSIONS We report CF heterogeneity and their dynamics during the course of MI and redefine the CFs that respond to cardiac injury and participate in myocardial remodeling. Our study identifies CTHRC1 as a novel regulator of the healing scar process and a target for future translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Ruiz-Villalba
- Program of Regenerative Medicine (A.R.-V., S.C.H., P.G.-O., E.I., G.A., G.M., B.P., F.P.), Program of Hemato-Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain (A.R.-V., J.P.R., S.C.H., A.V.-Z., L.C.-L., P.S.M.-U., E.L.-V., P.G.-O., E.I., G.A., D.A., B.P., D.L.-A., F.P.).,Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biomedicine of Málaga (IBIMA) Faculty of Science, University of Málaga, Spain (A.R.-V.).,Andalusian Center for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology (BIONAND), Campanillas, Málaga, Spain (A.R.-V.)
| | - Juan P Romero
- Advanced Genomics Laboratory (J.P.R., A.V.-Z., L.C.-L., P.S.M.-U., E.L.-V., D.L.-A.), Program of Hemato-Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain (A.R.-V., J.P.R., S.C.H., A.V.-Z., L.C.-L., P.S.M.-U., E.L.-V., P.G.-O., E.I., G.A., D.A., B.P., D.L.-A., F.P.)
| | - Silvia C Hernández
- Program of Regenerative Medicine (A.R.-V., S.C.H., P.G.-O., E.I., G.A., G.M., B.P., F.P.), Program of Hemato-Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain (A.R.-V., J.P.R., S.C.H., A.V.-Z., L.C.-L., P.S.M.-U., E.L.-V., P.G.-O., E.I., G.A., D.A., B.P., D.L.-A., F.P.)
| | - Amaia Vilas-Zornoza
- Advanced Genomics Laboratory (J.P.R., A.V.-Z., L.C.-L., P.S.M.-U., E.L.-V., D.L.-A.), Program of Hemato-Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain (A.R.-V., J.P.R., S.C.H., A.V.-Z., L.C.-L., P.S.M.-U., E.L.-V., P.G.-O., E.I., G.A., D.A., B.P., D.L.-A., F.P.)
| | - Nikolaus Fortelny
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (N.F., C.B.)
| | - Laura Castro-Labrador
- Advanced Genomics Laboratory (J.P.R., A.V.-Z., L.C.-L., P.S.M.-U., E.L.-V., D.L.-A.), Program of Hemato-Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain (A.R.-V., J.P.R., S.C.H., A.V.-Z., L.C.-L., P.S.M.-U., E.L.-V., P.G.-O., E.I., G.A., D.A., B.P., D.L.-A., F.P.)
| | - Patxi San Martin-Uriz
- Advanced Genomics Laboratory (J.P.R., A.V.-Z., L.C.-L., P.S.M.-U., E.L.-V., D.L.-A.), Program of Hemato-Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain (A.R.-V., J.P.R., S.C.H., A.V.-Z., L.C.-L., P.S.M.-U., E.L.-V., P.G.-O., E.I., G.A., D.A., B.P., D.L.-A., F.P.)
| | - Erika Lorenzo-Vivas
- Advanced Genomics Laboratory (J.P.R., A.V.-Z., L.C.-L., P.S.M.-U., E.L.-V., D.L.-A.), Program of Hemato-Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain (A.R.-V., J.P.R., S.C.H., A.V.-Z., L.C.-L., P.S.M.-U., E.L.-V., P.G.-O., E.I., G.A., D.A., B.P., D.L.-A., F.P.)
| | - Paula García-Olloqui
- Program of Regenerative Medicine (A.R.-V., S.C.H., P.G.-O., E.I., G.A., G.M., B.P., F.P.), Program of Hemato-Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain (A.R.-V., J.P.R., S.C.H., A.V.-Z., L.C.-L., P.S.M.-U., E.L.-V., P.G.-O., E.I., G.A., D.A., B.P., D.L.-A., F.P.)
| | - Marcel Palacio
- Department of Cardiology (M.P., J.J.G.), Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan José Gavira
- Department of Cardiology (M.P., J.J.G.), Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gorka Bastarrika
- Department of Radiology (G.B.), Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Stefan Janssens
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Clinical Cardiology, KU Leuven, Belgium (S.J., M.W.)
| | - Ming Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Clinical Cardiology, KU Leuven, Belgium (S.J., M.W.)
| | - Elena Iglesias
- Program of Regenerative Medicine (A.R.-V., S.C.H., P.G.-O., E.I., G.A., G.M., B.P., F.P.), Program of Hemato-Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain (A.R.-V., J.P.R., S.C.H., A.V.-Z., L.C.-L., P.S.M.-U., E.L.-V., P.G.-O., E.I., G.A., D.A., B.P., D.L.-A., F.P.)
| | - Gloria Abizanda
- Program of Regenerative Medicine (A.R.-V., S.C.H., P.G.-O., E.I., G.A., G.M., B.P., F.P.), Program of Hemato-Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain (A.R.-V., J.P.R., S.C.H., A.V.-Z., L.C.-L., P.S.M.-U., E.L.-V., P.G.-O., E.I., G.A., D.A., B.P., D.L.-A., F.P.)
| | - Xabier Martinez de Morentin
- Translational Bioinformatics Unit (TransBio), NavarraBiomed, Pamplona, Spain (X.M.d.M., M.L., N.P., D.G.-C.)
| | - Miren Lasaga
- Translational Bioinformatics Unit (TransBio), NavarraBiomed, Pamplona, Spain (X.M.d.M., M.L., N.P., D.G.-C.)
| | - Nuria Planell
- Translational Bioinformatics Unit (TransBio), NavarraBiomed, Pamplona, Spain (X.M.d.M., M.L., N.P., D.G.-C.)
| | - Christoph Bock
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria (N.F., C.B.).,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria (C.B.)
| | - Diego Alignani
- Flow Cytometry Unit (D.A.), Program of Hemato-Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain (A.R.-V., J.P.R., S.C.H., A.V.-Z., L.C.-L., P.S.M.-U., E.L.-V., P.G.-O., E.I., G.A., D.A., B.P., D.L.-A., F.P.).,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain (D.A.)
| | - Gema Medal
- Program of Regenerative Medicine (A.R.-V., S.C.H., P.G.-O., E.I., G.A., G.M., B.P., F.P.), Program of Hemato-Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Igor Prudovsky
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough (I.P., Y.-R.J., S.R., H.Y., V.L.)
| | - Yong-Ri Jin
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough (I.P., Y.-R.J., S.R., H.Y., V.L.)
| | - Sergey Ryzhov
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough (I.P., Y.-R.J., S.R., H.Y., V.L.)
| | - Haifeng Yin
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough (I.P., Y.-R.J., S.R., H.Y., V.L.)
| | - Beatriz Pelacho
- Program of Regenerative Medicine (A.R.-V., S.C.H., P.G.-O., E.I., G.A., G.M., B.P., F.P.), Program of Hemato-Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain (A.R.-V., J.P.R., S.C.H., A.V.-Z., L.C.-L., P.S.M.-U., E.L.-V., P.G.-O., E.I., G.A., D.A., B.P., D.L.-A., F.P.).,Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy (B.P., F.P.), Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - David Gomez-Cabrero
- Translational Bioinformatics Unit (TransBio), NavarraBiomed, Pamplona, Spain (X.M.d.M., M.L., N.P., D.G.-C.)
| | - Volkhard Lindner
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough (I.P., Y.-R.J., S.R., H.Y., V.L.)
| | - David Lara-Astiaso
- Advanced Genomics Laboratory (J.P.R., A.V.-Z., L.C.-L., P.S.M.-U., E.L.-V., D.L.-A.), Program of Hemato-Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain (A.R.-V., J.P.R., S.C.H., A.V.-Z., L.C.-L., P.S.M.-U., E.L.-V., P.G.-O., E.I., G.A., D.A., B.P., D.L.-A., F.P.)
| | - Felipe Prósper
- Program of Regenerative Medicine (A.R.-V., S.C.H., P.G.-O., E.I., G.A., G.M., B.P., F.P.), Program of Hemato-Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain (A.R.-V., J.P.R., S.C.H., A.V.-Z., L.C.-L., P.S.M.-U., E.L.-V., P.G.-O., E.I., G.A., D.A., B.P., D.L.-A., F.P.).,Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy (B.P., F.P.), Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Cui S, Liu Z, Tao B, Fan S, Pu Y, Meng X, Li D, Xia H, Xu L. miR-145 attenuates cardiac fibrosis through the AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway by directly targeting SOX9 in fibroblasts. J Cell Biochem 2020; 122:209-221. [PMID: 32890431 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) will inevitably result in cardiac fibrosis. In this study, we investigated the effect of microRNA-145 (miR-145) and transcription factor sex-determining region Y box 9 (SOX9) in the production of cardiac fibrosis induced by MI. MI rat models were established by left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) occlusion. Four weeks after LAD, the cardiac fibrosis level was assessed by Masson's trichrome staining. Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) exposed to hypoxia were used to simulate MI-induced fibrosis. Flow cytometry, cell counting kit-8, and transwell assays were used to examine changes in CF apoptosis, proliferation, and migration, respectively. miR-145 expression was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis were performed to determine the relative expression of proteins. In comparison to the sham-operated group, the expression of miR-145 was significantly downregulated in the infarction peripheral area, whereas, SOX9 was upregulated. In the infarcted heart, the overexpression of miR-145 significantly ameliorated cardiac fibrosis and cardiac function, and there was a negative correlation between miR-145 and SOX9 expressions in hypoxic CFs in vitro. In addition, SOX9 was verified to be a functional target of miR-145. Overexpression of miR-145 or inhibition of SOX9 decreased CF proliferation, migration, and fibrosis, but augmented their apoptotic rate. Moreover, the upregulation of miR-145 or suppression of SOX9 inhibited AKT and β-catenin signaling in hypoxic CFs. Taken together, this study highlights a potential treatment for cardiac fibrosis through the targeted regulation of SOX9 by miR-145, and our findings indicate that miR-145 exerts anti-fibrotic effects in MI via the negative regulation of SOX9 and its downstream AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyu Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhebo Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Tao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Suzhen Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Pu
- Renmin Hospital of Hannan District, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Dongqing Li
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
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48
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Zhang Z, Wu W, Fang X, Lu M, Wu H, Gao C, Xia Z. Sox9 promotes renal tubular epithelial‑mesenchymal transition and extracellular matrix aggregation via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:4017-4030. [PMID: 32901875 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Sox9 is important for multiple aspects of development, such as testis, pancreas and heart development. Previous studies have reported that Sox9 induced epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) and extracellular matrix (ECM) production in organ fibrosis and associated diseases, such as vascular calcification. However, to the best of our knowledge, the role and underlying mechanism of action of Sox9 in renal fibrogenesis remains unknown. The results of the present study revealed that Sox9 expression levels were upregulated in the tubular epithelial cells of a rat model of obstructive nephropathy. Furthermore, the overexpression of Sox9 in NRK‑52E cells was discovered to promote renal tubular EMT and ECM aggregation, and these fibrogenic actions were potentiated by TGF‑β1. Notably, RNA‑sequencing analysis indicated the possible regulatory role of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in Sox9‑mediated renal tubular EMT and ECM aggregation. It was further demonstrated that the expression levels of phosphorylated AKT were upregulated in NRK‑52E cells overexpressing Sox9, while the PI3K inhibitors, LY29002 and wortmannin, inhibited the renal tubular EMT and ECM aggregation induced by the overexpression of Sox9 in NEK‑52E cells. In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggested that Sox9 may serve a profibrotic role in the development of renal tubular EMT and ECM aggregation via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Therefore, Sox9 may be considered as a promising target for treating renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Fang
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Mei Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Heyan Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Chunlin Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Zhengkun Xia
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
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49
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Bretherton R, Bugg D, Olszewski E, Davis J. Regulators of cardiac fibroblast cell state. Matrix Biol 2020; 91-92:117-135. [PMID: 32416242 PMCID: PMC7789291 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblasts are the primary regulator of cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM). In response to disease stimuli cardiac fibroblasts undergo cell state transitions to a myofibroblast phenotype, which underlies the fibrotic response in the heart and other organs. Identifying regulators of fibroblast state transitions would inform which pathways could be therapeutically modulated to tactically control maladaptive extracellular matrix remodeling. Indeed, a deeper understanding of fibroblast cell state and plasticity is necessary for controlling its fate for therapeutic benefit. p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), which is part of the noncanonical transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) pathway, is a central regulator of fibroblast to myofibroblast cell state transitions that is activated by chemical and mechanical stress signals. Fibroblast intrinsic signaling, local and global cardiac mechanics, and multicellular interactions individually and synergistically impact these state transitions and hence the ECM, which will be reviewed here in the context of cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross Bretherton
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, United States
| | - Darrian Bugg
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, 850 Republican, #343, Seattle, WA 98109, United States
| | - Emily Olszewski
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, United States
| | - Jennifer Davis
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, United States; Department of Pathology, University of Washington, 850 Republican, #343, Seattle, WA 98109, United States; Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, United States; Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, United States.
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Liu W, Wang Y, Qiu Z, Zhao R, Liu Z, Chen W, Ge J, Shi B. CircHIPK3 regulates cardiac fibroblast proliferation, migration and phenotypic switching through the miR-152-3p/TGF-β2 axis under hypoxia. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9796. [PMID: 32904464 PMCID: PMC7453924 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The occurrence of pathological cardiac fibrosis is attributed to tissue hypoxia. Circular RNAs play significant regulatory roles in multiple cardiovascular diseases and are involved in the regulation of physiological and pathophysiological processes. CircHIPK3 has been identified as the one of the most crucial regulators in cardiac fibrosis. However, the mechanisms by which circHIPK3 regulates cardiac fibrosis under hypoxia remain unclear. Our study aimed to determine circHIPK3 expression in cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and investigate the functions of circHIPK3 in hypoxia environment. Methods The expression level of circHIPK3 in CFs under hypoxia (1% O2) was analyzed by qRT-PCR. The role of circHIPK3 on the proliferation and migration of CFs were determined by EdU, cell wound scratch assay and cell cycle. The expression of proteins associated with phenotypic transformation in CFs in vitro was examined by immunofluorescence assay and western blot. Bioinformatics analysis, dual luciferase activity assay and RNA fluorescent in situ hybridization assay revealed that miR-152-3p was identified as a target of circHIPK3 and that TGF-β2 was targeted by miR-152-3p. Results CircHIPK3 expression was significantly upregulated in CFs in a hypoxic environment. In vitro, overexpressing circHIPK3 obviously promoted CF proliferation, migration and phenotypic changes under hypoxia, but those processes were suppressed by circHIPK3 silencing. CircHIPK3 acted as an endogenous miR-152-3p sponge and miR-152-3p aggravated circHIPK3 silencing induced inhibition of CF proliferation, migration, phenotypic transformation and TGF-β2 expression in vitro. In summary, circHIPK3 plays a pivotal role in the development of cardiac fibrosis by targeting the miR-152-3p/TGF-β2 axis. Conclusions These findings demonstrated that circHIPK3 acted as a miR-152-3p sponge to regulate CF proliferation, migration and phenotypic transformation through TGF-β2, revealing that modulation of circHIPK3 expression may represent a potential target to promote the transition of hypoxia-induced CFs to myofibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhimei Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Ranzun Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhijiang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Wenming Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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