1
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Li NN, Kang K, Zhou Y, Liu YQ, Zhang QQ, Luo PY, Wang L, Man MY, Lv JF, Wang XB, Peng YH, Luan FY, Li Y, Zhang JN, Chong Y, Wang YQ, Wang CS, Zhao MY, Yu KJ. Throat microbiota drives alterations in pulmonary alveolar microbiota in patients with septic ARDS. Virulence 2024; 15:2350775. [PMID: 38736041 PMCID: PMC11093027 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2350775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The translocation of intestinal flora has been linked to the colonization of diverse and heavy lower respiratory flora in patients with septic ARDS, and is considered a critical prognostic factor for patients. METHODS On the first and third days of ICU admission, BALF, throat swab, and anal swab were collected, resulting in a total of 288 samples. These samples were analyzed using 16S rRNA analysis and the traceability analysis of new generation technology. RESULTS On the first day, among the top five microbiota species in abundance, four species were found to be identical in BALF and throat samples. Similarly, on the third day, three microbiota species were found to be identical in abundance in both BALF and throat samples. On the first day, 85.16% of microorganisms originated from the throat, 5.79% from the intestines, and 9.05% were unknown. On the third day, 83.52% of microorganisms came from the throat, 4.67% from the intestines, and 11.81% were unknown. Additionally, when regrouping the 46 patients, the results revealed a significant predominance of throat microorganisms in BALF on both the first and third day. Furthermore, as the disease progressed, the proportion of intestinal flora in BALF increased in patients with enterogenic ARDS. CONCLUSIONS In patients with septic ARDS, the main source of lung microbiota is primarily from the throat. Furthermore, the dynamic trend of the microbiota on the first and third day is essentially consistent.It is important to note that the origin of the intestinal flora does not exclude the possibility of its origin from the throat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Na Li
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Kai Kang
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yan-Qi Liu
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qian-Qian Zhang
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Pei-Yao Luo
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ming-Yin Man
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jia-Feng Lv
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xi-Bo Wang
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ya-Hui Peng
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Fei-Yu Luan
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yue Li
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jian-Nan Zhang
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yang Chong
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yi-Qi Wang
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chang-song Wang
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ming-yan Zhao
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Kai-jiang Yu
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Zhang L, Cai M, Zhang X, Wang S, Pang L, Chen X, Zheng C, Sun Y, Liang Y, Guo S, Wei F, Zhang Y. Integrated analysis of microbiome and host transcriptome unveils correlations between lung microbiota and host immunity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of pneumocystis pneumonia patients. Microbes Infect 2024:105374. [PMID: 38849069 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The lung microbiota of patients with pulmonary diseases is disrupted and impacts the immunity. The microbiological and immune landscape of the lungs in patients with pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) remains poorly understood. METHODS Multi-omics analysis and machine learning were performed on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid to explore interaction between the lung microbiota and host immunity in PCP. Then we constructed a diagnostic model using differential genes with LASSO regression and validated by qPCR. The immune infiltration analysis was performed to explore the landscape of lung immunity in patients with PCP. RESULTS Patients with PCP showed a low alpha diversity of lung microbiota, accompanied by the elevated abundance of Firmicutes, and the differential expressed genes (DEGs) analysis displayed a downregulation of MAPK signaling. The MAPK10, TGFB1, and EFNA3 indicated a potential to predict PCP (AUC = 0.86). The lung immune landscape in PCP showed the lower levels of naïve CD4+ T cells and activated dendritic cells. The correlation analysis of the MAPK signaling pathway-related DEGs and the differential microorganisms at the level of phylum showed that the Firmicutes was negatively correlated with these DEGs. CONCLUSION We profiled the characteristics of lung microbiota and immune landscape in PCP, which may contribute to elucidating the mechanism of PCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Miaotian Cai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Sitong Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Lijun Pang
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Caopei Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Yuqing Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Ying Liang
- Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, 100069, China; Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Shan Guo
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Feili Wei
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Yulin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, 100069, China; Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, China; Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, China.
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3
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Kitsios GD, Sayed K, Fitch A, Yang H, Britton N, Shah F, Bain W, Evankovich JW, Qin S, Wang X, Li K, Patel A, Zhang Y, Radder J, Dela Cruz C, Okin DA, Huang CY, Van Tyne D, Benos PV, Methé B, Lai P, Morris A, McVerry BJ. Longitudinal multicompartment characterization of host-microbiota interactions in patients with acute respiratory failure. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4708. [PMID: 38830853 PMCID: PMC11148165 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48819-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Critical illness can significantly alter the composition and function of the human microbiome, but few studies have examined these changes over time. Here, we conduct a comprehensive analysis of the oral, lung, and gut microbiota in 479 mechanically ventilated patients (223 females, 256 males) with acute respiratory failure. We use advanced DNA sequencing technologies, including Illumina amplicon sequencing (utilizing 16S and ITS rRNA genes for bacteria and fungi, respectively, in all sample types) and Nanopore metagenomics for lung microbiota. Our results reveal a progressive dysbiosis in all three body compartments, characterized by a reduction in microbial diversity, a decrease in beneficial anaerobes, and an increase in pathogens. We find that clinical factors, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunosuppression, and antibiotic exposure, are associated with specific patterns of dysbiosis. Interestingly, unsupervised clustering of lung microbiota diversity and composition by 16S independently predicted survival and performed better than traditional clinical and host-response predictors. These observations are validated in two separate cohorts of COVID-19 patients, highlighting the potential of lung microbiota as valuable prognostic biomarkers in critical care. Understanding these microbiome changes during critical illness points to new opportunities for microbiota-targeted precision medicine interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios D Kitsios
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Khaled Sayed
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering & Computer Science, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Adam Fitch
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Haopu Yang
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Noel Britton
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA, USA
| | - Faraaz Shah
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Veteran's Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - William Bain
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Veteran's Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - John W Evankovich
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shulin Qin
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kelvin Li
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Asha Patel
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Josiah Radder
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Charles Dela Cruz
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daniel A Okin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ching-Ying Huang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daria Van Tyne
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Barbara Methé
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Peggy Lai
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alison Morris
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bryan J McVerry
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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4
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Bongers KS, Massett A, O'Dwyer DN. The Oral-Lung Microbiome Axis in Connective Tissue Disease-Related Interstitial Lung Disease. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2024; 45:449-458. [PMID: 38626906 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1785673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) is a frequent and serious complication of CTD, leading to high morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, its pathogenesis remains poorly understood; however, one intriguing contributing factor may be the microbiome of the mouth and lungs. The oral microbiome, which is a major source of the lung microbiome through recurrent microaspiration, is altered in ILD patients. Moreover, in recent years, several lines of evidence suggest that changes in the oral and lung microbiota modulate the pulmonary immune response and thus may play a role in the pathogenesis of ILDs, including CTD-ILD. Here, we review the existing data demonstrating oral and lung microbiota dysbiosis and possible contributions to the development of CTD-ILD in rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome, systemic sclerosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. We identify several areas of opportunity for future investigations into the role of the oral and lung microbiota in CTD-ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kale S Bongers
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Angeline Massett
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - David N O'Dwyer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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5
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Combs MP, Luth JE, Falkowski NR, Wheeler DS, Walker NM, Erb-Downward JR, Wakeam E, Sjoding MW, Dunlap DG, Admon AJ, Dickson RP, Lama VN. The Lung Microbiome Predicts Mortality and Response to Azithromycin in Lung Transplant Recipients with Chronic Rejection. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2024; 209:1360-1375. [PMID: 38271553 PMCID: PMC11146567 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202308-1326oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) is the leading cause of death after lung transplant, and azithromycin has variable efficacy in CLAD. The lung microbiome is a risk factor for developing CLAD, but the relationship between lung dysbiosis, pulmonary inflammation, and allograft dysfunction remains poorly understood. Whether lung microbiota predict outcomes or modify treatment response after CLAD is unknown. Objectives: To determine whether lung microbiota predict post-CLAD outcomes and clinical response to azithromycin. Methods: Retrospective cohort study using acellular BAL fluid prospectively collected from recipients of lung transplant within 90 days of CLAD onset. Lung microbiota were characterized using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and droplet digital PCR. In two additional cohorts, causal relationships of dysbiosis and inflammation were evaluated by comparing lung microbiota with CLAD-associated cytokines and measuring ex vivo P. aeruginosa growth in sterilized BAL fluid. Measurements and Main Results: Patients with higher bacterial burden had shorter post-CLAD survival, independent of CLAD phenotype, azithromycin treatment, and relevant covariates. Azithromycin treatment improved survival in patients with high bacterial burden but had negligible impact on patients with low or moderate burden. Lung bacterial burden was positively associated with CLAD-associated cytokines, and ex vivo growth of P. aeruginosa was augmented in BAL fluid from transplant recipients with CLAD. Conclusions: In recipients of lung transplants with chronic rejection, increased lung bacterial burden is an independent risk factor for mortality and predicts clinical response to azithromycin. Lung bacterial dysbiosis is associated with alveolar inflammation and may be promoted by underlying lung allograft dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Elliot Wakeam
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael W. Sjoding
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care and
- Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Daniel G. Dunlap
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew J. Admon
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care and
- Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Robert P. Dickson
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care and
- Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and
| | - Vibha N. Lama
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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6
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Yang J, Li J, Zhang L, Shen Z, Xiao Y, Zhang G, Chen M, Chen F, Liu L, Wang Y, Chen L, Wang X, Zhang L, Wang L, Wang Z, Wang J, Li M, Ren L. Highly diverse sputum microbiota correlates with the disease severity in patients with community-acquired pneumonia: a longitudinal cohort study. Respir Res 2024; 25:223. [PMID: 38811936 PMCID: PMC11137881 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02821-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common and serious condition that can be caused by a variety of pathogens. However, much remains unknown about how these pathogens interact with the lower respiratory commensals, and whether any correlation exists between the dysbiosis of the lower respiratory microbiota and disease severity and prognosis. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study to investigate the composition and dynamics of sputum microbiota in patients diagnosed with CAP. In total, 917 sputum specimens were collected consecutively from 350 CAP inpatients enrolled in six hospitals following admission. The V3-V4 region of the 16 S rRNA gene was then sequenced. RESULTS The sputum microbiota in 71% of the samples were predominately composed of respiratory commensals. Conversely, 15% of the samples demonstrated dominance by five opportunistic pathogens. Additionally, 5% of the samples exhibited sterility, resembling the composition of negative controls. Compared to non-severe CAP patients, severe cases exhibited a more disrupted sputum microbiota, characterized by the highly dominant presence of potential pathogens, greater deviation from a healthy state, more significant alterations during hospitalization, and sparser bacterial interactions. The sputum microbiota on admission demonstrated a moderate prediction of disease severity (AUC = 0.74). Furthermore, different pathogenic infections were associated with specific microbiota alterations. Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas were more abundant in influenza A infections, with Acinetobacter was also enriched in Klebsiella pneumoniae infections. CONCLUSION Collectively, our study demonstrated that pneumonia may not consistently correlate with severe dysbiosis of the respiratory microbiota. Instead, the degree of microbiota dysbiosis was correlated with disease severity in CAP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Jinman Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Linfeng Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zijie Shen
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yan Xiao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Pathogenomics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Guoliang Zhang
- Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518112, China
| | - Mingwei Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Fuhui Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ying Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Lan Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Pathogenomics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xinming Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Pathogenomics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zhang Wang
- Institute of Ecological Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Pathogenomics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Mingkun Li
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Lili Ren
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Pathogenomics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
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7
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Fukihara J, Sakamoto K, Ikeyama Y, Furukawa T, Teramachi R, Kataoka K, Kondoh Y, Hashimoto N, Ishii M. Mitochondrial DNA in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid is associated with the prognosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a single cohort study. Respir Res 2024; 25:202. [PMID: 38730452 PMCID: PMC11083749 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02828-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is released from damaged cells and increases in the serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients. While increased levels of serum mtDNA have been reported to be linked to disease progression and the future development of acute exacerbation (AE) of IPF (AE-IPF), the clinical significance of mtDNA in BALF (BALF-mtDNA) remains unclear. We investigated the relationships between BALF-mtDNA levels and other clinical variables and prognosis in IPF. METHODS Extracellular mtDNA levels in BALF samples collected from IPF patients were determined using droplet-digital PCR. Levels of extracellular nucleolar DNA in BALF (BALF-nucDNA) were also determined as a marker for simple cell collapse. Patient characteristics and survival information were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS mtDNA levels in serum and BALF did not correlate with each other. In 27 patients with paired BALF samples obtained in a stable state and at the time of AE diagnosis, BALF-mtDNA levels were significantly increased at the time of AE. Elevated BALF-mtDNA levels were associated with inflammation or disordered pulmonary function in a stable state (n = 90), while being associated with age and BALF-neutrophils at the time of AE (n = 38). BALF-mtDNA ≥ 4234.3 copies/µL in a stable state (median survival time (MST): 42.4 vs. 79.6 months, p < 0.001) and ≥ 11,194.3 copies/µL at the time of AE (MST: 2.6 vs. 20.0 months, p = 0.03) were associated with shorter survival after BALF collection, even after adjusting for other known prognostic factors. On the other hand, BALF-nucDNA showed different trends in correlation with other clinical variables and did not show any significant association with survival time. CONCLUSIONS Elevated BALF-mtDNA was associated with a poor prognosis in both IPF and AE-IPF. Of note, at the time of AE, it sharply distinguished survivors from non-survivors. Given the trends shown by analyses for BALF-nucDNA, the elevation of BALF-mtDNA might not simply reflect the impact of cell collapse. Further studies are required to explore the underlying mechanisms and clinical applications of BALF-mtDNA in IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Fukihara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Koji Sakamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Yoshiki Ikeyama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Taiki Furukawa
- Medical IT Center, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ryo Teramachi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kensuke Kataoka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kondoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Aichi, Japan
| | - Naozumi Hashimoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Makoto Ishii
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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Lv L, Shao X, Cui E. Establishment of a Predictive Model for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Patients with Bacterial Pneumonia. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:2825-2834. [PMID: 38737109 PMCID: PMC11088865 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s458690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a global health concern due to its high rates of morbidity and mortality. Bacterial pathogens are common causes of CAP. It is one of the most common causes of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a common severe respiratory system manifestation threatening human health. This study aimed to establish a predictive model for ARDS in patients with bacterial pneumonia, which was conducive to early identification of the occurrence and effective prevention of ARDS. Methods We collected the clinical data of hospitalized patients with bacterial pneumonia in Affiliated Huzhou Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2022 to November 2022. The independent risk factors for ARDS in patients with bacterial pneumonia were determined by univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses. The nomogram was constructed to display the predictive model, and the receiver-operating characteristic curve was plotted to evaluate the predictive value of ARDS. Results This study included 254 patients with bacterial pneumonia, of which 114 developed ARDS. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed age [odds ratio (OR) = 1.041, P = 0.003], heart rate (OR = 1.020, P = 0.028), lymphocyte count (OR = 0.555, P = 0.033), white blood cell count (OR = 1.062, P = 0.033), bilateral lung lesions (OR = 7.352, P = 0.011) and pleural effusion (OR = 2.512, P = 0.002) as the independent risk factors for ARDS. The predictive model was constructed based on the six independent factors, which was valuable in predicting ARDS with area under the curve of 0.794. Conclusion The predictive model was beneficial to evaluate the disease progression in patients with bacterial pneumonia and identify ARDS. Further, our nomogram might help doctors predict the incidence of ARDS and conduct treatment as early as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Huzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyue Shao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Huzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Enhai Cui
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Huzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
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9
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Zhao Y, Lin K, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Li S, Zhang S, Zhang W, Zhou A, Zhuang Y, Chen J, Wu C, Zhou W, He X, Yue Q, Zhang M, Huang Y, Li L, Hong L, Cai F, Huang L, Ruan Z, Xu S, Zhang Y, Chen X, Chen J, Ye Y, Bian T, Li J, Yin J, Li X, Jiang L, Lei C, Liu J, Zhang Y, Jin J, Ai J, Pan J, Zhang W. Prognostic value of poly-microorganisms detected by droplet digital PCR and pathogen load kinetics in sepsis patients: a multi-center prospective cohort study. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0255823. [PMID: 38526296 PMCID: PMC11064489 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02558-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of a novel droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (DDPCR) assay in sepsis patients. In this prospective cohort study, univariable and multivariable Cox regressions were used to assess risk factors for 28-day mortality. We also monitored pathogen load together with clinical indicators in a subgroup of the cohort. A total of 107 sepsis patients with positive baseline DDPCR results were included. Detection of poly-microorganisms [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 3.19; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.34-7.62; P = 0.009], high Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score (adjusted HR = 1.14; 95% CI = 1.01-1.29; P = 0.041), and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score (adjusted HR = 1.18; 95% CI = 1.05-1.32; P = 0.005) at baseline were independent risk factors for 28-day mortality while initial pathogen load was not associated (adjusted HR = 1.17; 95% CI = 0.82-1.66; P = 0.385). Among 63 patients with serial DDPCR results, an increase in pathogen load at days 6-8 compared to baseline was a risk factor for 28-day mortality (P = 0.008). Also, pathogen load kinetics were significantly different between day-28 survivors and nonsurvivors (P = 0.022), with a decline overtime only in survivors and an increase from days 3 and 4 to days 6-8 in nonsurvivors. Using DDPCR technique, we found that poly-microorganisms detected and increased pathogen load a week after sepsis diagnosis were associated with poor prognosis.IMPORTANCEThis prospective study was initiated to explore the prognostic implications of a novel multiplex PCR assay in sepsis. Notably, our study was the largest cohort of sepsis with droplet digital polymerase chain reaction pathogen monitoring to date, allowing for a comprehensive evaluation of the prognostic significance of both pathogen species and load. We found that detection of poly-microorganisms was an independent risk factors for 28-day mortality. Also, pathogen load increase 1 week after sepsis diagnosis was a risk factor for 28-day mortality, and differential pathogen load kinetics were identified between day-28 survivors and nonsurvivors. Overall, this study demonstrated that pathogen species and load were highly correlated with sepsis prognosis. Patients exhibiting conditions mentioned above face a more adverse prognosis, suggesting the potential need for an escalation of antimicrobial therapy.Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05190861).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhan Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ke Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haocheng Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanliang Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaling Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shengguo Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, WenZhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Society of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, Shanghai Medical Association, Shanghai, China
| | - Aiming Zhou
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yangyang Zhuang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Caixia Wu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoju He
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiaoyan Yue
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liang Hong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, WenZhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fujing Cai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, WenZhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lisu Huang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Xinhua Children’s Hospital, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengshang Ruan
- Department of Infectious Disease, Xinhua Children’s Hospital, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanshan Xu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Xinhua Children’s Hospital, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Children’s Hospital, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohua Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Sixth Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Sixth Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Ye
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Tingting Bian
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiabin Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, China, Shanghai
| | - Lijing Jiang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, China, Shanghai
| | - Chen Lei
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, China, Shanghai
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Laboratory, Wuxi No.5 People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Laboratory, Wuxi No.5 People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jialin Jin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingwen Ai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingye Pan
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenhong Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Huashen Institute of Microbes and Infections, Shanghai, China
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Chuandong Z, Hu J, Li J, Wu Y, Wu C, Lai G, Shen H, Wu F, Tao C, Liu S, Zhang W, Shao H. Distribution and roles of Ligilactobacillus murinus in hosts. Microbiol Res 2024; 282:127648. [PMID: 38367479 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Ligilactobacillus murinus, a member of the Ligilactobacillus genus, holds significant potential as a probiotic. While research on Ligilactobacillus murinus has been relatively limited compared to well-studied probiotic lactic acid bacteria such as Limosilactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus gasseri, a mounting body of evidence highlights its extensive involvement in host intestinal metabolism and immune activities. Moreover, its abundance exhibits a close correlation with intestinal health. Notably, beyond the intestinal context, Ligilactobacillus murinus is gaining recognition for its contributions to metabolism and regulation in the oral cavity, lungs, and vagina. As such, Ligilactobacillus murinus emerges as a potential probiotic candidate with a pivotal role in supporting host well-being. This review delves into studies elucidating the multifaceted roles of Ligilactobacillus murinus. It also examines its medicinal potential and associated challenges, underscoring the imperative to delve deeper into unraveling the mechanisms of its actions and exploring its health applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Chuandong
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jicong Hu
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jiawen Li
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yuting Wu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Chan Wu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Guanxi Lai
- School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Han Shen
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Fenglin Wu
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Changli Tao
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Song Liu
- School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Wenfeng Zhang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Hongwei Shao
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
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11
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Han J, Wei FL, Wu HX, Guo LY, Guo S, Han Y, Sun YN, Hou W, Hu ZJ. Clinical evaluation of droplet digital pcr for suspected ascites infection in patients with liver cirrhosis. Hepatol Int 2024:10.1007/s12072-024-10669-3. [PMID: 38683274 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-024-10669-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) is increasingly used in diagnosing clinical pathogens, but its effectiveness in cirrhosis patients with suspected ascites infection remains uncertain. METHODS The diagnostic performance of ddPCR was assessed in 305 ascites samples, utilizing culture and clinical composite standards. The quantitative value and potential clinical impact of ddPCR were further analyzed in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. RESULTS With culture standards, ddPCR demonstrated a sensitivity of 86.5% and specificity of 83.2% for bacterial or fungal detection. After adjustment of clinical composite criteria, specificity increased to 96.4%. Better diagnostic performance for all types of targeted pathogens, particularly fungi, was observed with ddPCR compared to culture, and more polymicrobial infections were detected (30.4% versus 5.7%, p < 0.001). Pathogen loads detected by ddPCR correlated with white blood cell count in ascites and blood, as well as polymorphonuclear cell (PMN) count in ascites, reflecting infection status rapidly. A positive clinical impact of 55.8% (43/77) was observed for ddPCR, which was more significant among patients with PMN count ≤ 250/mm3 in terms of medication adjustment and new diagnosis. ddPCR results for fungal detection were confirmed by clinical symptoms and other microbiological tests, which could guide antifungal therapy and reduce the risk of short-term mortality. CONCLUSIONS ddPCR, with appropriate panel design, has advantages in pathogen detection and clinical management of ascites infection, especially for patients with fungal and polymicrobial infections. Patients with atypical spontaneous bacterial peritonitis benefited more from ddPCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Han
- Beijing You'An Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 You An Men Wai Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Precision Medicine and Transformation Engineering Technology Research Center of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing You'An Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 You An Men Wai Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Fei-Li Wei
- Beijing Precision Medicine and Transformation Engineering Technology Research Center of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing You'An Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 You An Men Wai Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Hao-Xin Wu
- Beijing You'An Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 You An Men Wai Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Lu-Yao Guo
- Beijing You'An Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 You An Men Wai Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Shan Guo
- Beijing Precision Medicine and Transformation Engineering Technology Research Center of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing You'An Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 You An Men Wai Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Ying Han
- Beijing You'An Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 You An Men Wai Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Ya-Nan Sun
- Beijing You'An Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 You An Men Wai Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Wei Hou
- Beijing You'An Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 You An Men Wai Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Zhong-Jie Hu
- Beijing You'An Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 You An Men Wai Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China.
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12
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McCumber AW, Kim YJ, Granek J, Tighe RM, Gunsch CK. Soil exposure modulates the immune response to an influenza challenge in a mouse model. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:170865. [PMID: 38340827 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that early life microbial exposure aids in immune system maturation, more recently known as the "old friends" hypothesis. To test this hypothesis, 4-week-old mice were exposed to soils of increasing microbial diversity for four weeks followed by an intranasal challenge with either live or heat inactivated influenza A virus and monitored for 7 additional days. Perturbations of the gut and lung microbiomes were explored through 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. RNA-sequencing was used to examine the host response in the lung tissue through differential gene expression. We determined that compared to the gut microbiome, the lung microbiome is more susceptible to changes in beta diversity following soil exposure with Lachnospiraceae ASVs accounting for most of the differences between groups. While several immune system genes were found to be significantly differentially expressed in lung tissue due to soil exposures, there were no differences in viral load or weight loss. This study shows that exposure to diverse microbial communities through soil exposure alters the gut and lung microbiomes resulting in differential expression of specific immune system related genes within the lung following an influenza challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander W McCumber
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yeon Ji Kim
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Joshua Granek
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Robert M Tighe
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Claudia K Gunsch
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
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13
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Bowron LA, Acosta N, Thornton CS, Carpentero J, Waddell BJM, Bharadwaj L, Ebbert K, Castañeda-Mogollón D, Conly JM, Rabin HR, Surette MG, Parkins MD. The airway microbiome of persons with cystic fibrosis correlates with acquisition and microbiological outcomes of incident Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1353145. [PMID: 38690371 PMCID: PMC11059027 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1353145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale Chronic infection with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in persons with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) has been linked to an increased risk of pulmonary exacerbations and lung function decline. We sought to establish whether baseline sputum microbiome associates with risk of S. maltophilia incident infection and persistence in pwCF. Methods pwCF experiencing incident S. maltophilia infections attending the Calgary Adult CF Clinic from 2010-2018 were compared with S. maltophilia-negative sex, age (+/-2 years), and birth-cohort-matched controls. Infection outcomes were classified as persistent (when the pathogen was recovered in ≥50% of cultures in the subsequent year) or transient. We assessed microbial communities from prospectively biobanked sputum using V3-V4 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing, in the year preceding (Pre) (n = 57), at (At) (n = 22), and after (Post) (n = 31) incident infection. We verified relative abundance data using S. maltophilia-specific qPCR and 16S rRNA-targeted qPCR to assess bioburden. Strains were typed using pulse-field gel electrophoresis. Results Twenty-five pwCF with incident S. maltophilia (56% female, median 29 years, median FEV1 61%) with 33 total episodes were compared with 56 uninfected pwCF controls. Demographics and clinical characteristics were similar between cohorts. Among those with incident S. maltophilia infection, sputum communities did not cluster based on infection timeline (Pre, At, Post). Communities differed between the infection cohort and controls (n = 56) based on Shannon Diversity Index (SDI, p = 0.04) and clustered based on Aitchison distance (PERMANOVA, p = 0.01) prior to infection. At the time of incident S. maltophilia isolation, communities did not differ in SDI but clustered based on Aitchison distance (PERMANOVA, p = 0.03) in those that ultimately developed persistent infection versus those that were transient. S. maltophilia abundance within sputum was increased in samples from patients (Pre) relative to controls, measuring both relative (p = 0.004) and absolute (p = 0.001). Furthermore, S. maltophilia abundance was increased in sputum at incident infection in those who ultimately developed persistent infection relative to those with transient infection, measured relatively (p = 0.04) or absolute (p = 0.04), respectively. Conclusion Microbial community composition of CF sputum associates with S. maltophilia infection acquisition as well as infection outcome. Our study suggests sputum microbiome may serve as a surrogate for identifying infection risk and persistence risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A. Bowron
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Nicole Acosta
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Christina S. Thornton
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jennifer Carpentero
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Barbara-Jean M. Waddell
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Lalit Bharadwaj
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kirsten Ebbert
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Daniel Castañeda-Mogollón
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - John M. Conly
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Harvey R. Rabin
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Michael D. Parkins
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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14
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De Pascale G, Posteraro B, De Maio F, Pafundi PC, Tanzarella ES, Cutuli SL, Lombardi G, Grieco DL, Franchini E, Santarelli G, Infante A, Sanguinetti M, Antonelli M. Lung microbiota composition, respiratory mechanics, and outcomes in COVID-19-related ARDS. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0357423. [PMID: 38466118 PMCID: PMC10986322 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03574-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Few data are available on the lung microbiota composition of patients with coronavirus disease 2019-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (C-ARDS) receiving invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Moreover, it has never been investigated whether there is a potential correlation between lung microbiota communities and respiratory mechanics. We performed a prospective observational study in two intensive care units of a university hospital in Italy. Lung microbiota was investigated by bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing, performed on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples withdrawn after intubation. The lung bacterial communities were analyzed after stratification by respiratory system compliance/predicted body weight (Crs) and ventilatory ratio (VR). Weaning from IMV and hospital survival were assessed as secondary outcomes. In 70 C-ARDS patients requiring IMV from 1 April through 31 December 2020, the lung microbiota composition (phylum taxonomic level, permutational multivariate analysis of variance test) significantly differed between who had low Crs vs those with high Crs (P = 0.010), as well as in patients with low VR vs high VR (P = 0.012). As difference-driving taxa, Proteobacteria (P = 0.017) were more dominant and Firmicutes (P = 0.040) were less dominant in low- vs high-Crs patients. Similarly, Proteobacteria were more dominant in low- vs high-VR patients (P = 0.013). After multivariable regression analysis, we further observed lung microbiota diversity as a negative predictor of weaning from IMV and hospital survival (hazard ratio = 3.31; 95% confidence interval, 1.52-7.20, P = 0.048). C-ARDS patients with low Crs/low VR had a Proteobacteria-dominated lung microbiota. Whether patients with a more diverse lung bacterial community may have more chances to be weaned from IMV and discharged alive from the hospital warrants further large-scale investigations. IMPORTANCE Lung microbiota characteristics were demonstrated to predict ventilator-free days and weaning from mechanical ventilation in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In this study, we observed that in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with ARDS who require invasive mechanical ventilation, lung microbiota characteristics were associated with respiratory mechanics. Specifically, the lung microbiota of patients with low respiratory system compliance and low ventilatory ratio was characterized by Proteobacteria dominance. Moreover, after multivariable regression analysis, we also found an association between patients' microbiota diversity and a higher possibility of being weaned from mechanical ventilation and discharged alive from the hospital. For these reasons, lung microbiota characterization may help to stratify patient characteristics and orient the delivery of target interventions. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov on 17 February 2020 under identifier NCT04271345.). Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, 17 February 2020 (NCT0427135).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro De Pascale
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Emergenza, Anestesiologiche e della Rianimazione, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Brunella Posteraro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavio De Maio
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Pia Clara Pafundi
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Core Facility, Gemelli Science & Technology Park, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Eloisa Sofia Tanzarella
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Emergenza, Anestesiologiche e della Rianimazione, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Lucio Cutuli
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Emergenza, Anestesiologiche e della Rianimazione, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Lombardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Emergenza, Anestesiologiche e della Rianimazione, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Luca Grieco
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Emergenza, Anestesiologiche e della Rianimazione, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Franchini
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Emergenza, Anestesiologiche e della Rianimazione, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Santarelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Amato Infante
- Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche ed Ematologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Sanguinetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Antonelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Emergenza, Anestesiologiche e della Rianimazione, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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15
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Luo L, Tang J, Du X, Li N. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the airway microbiome: A review for clinicians. Respir Med 2024; 225:107586. [PMID: 38460708 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2024.107586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex heterogeneous disease characterized by progressive airflow limitation and chronic inflammation. The progressive development and long-term repeated acute exacerbation of COPD make many patients still unable to control the deterioration of the disease after active treatment, and even eventually lead to death. An increasing number of studies have shown that the occurrence and development of COPD are closely related to the composition and changes of airway microbiome. This article reviews the interaction between COPD and airway microbiome, the potential mechanisms of interaction, and the treatment methods related to microbiome. We elaborated the internal correlation between airway microbiome and different stages of COPD, inflammatory endotypes, glucocorticoid and antibiotic treatment, analyze the pathophysiological mechanisms such as the "vicious cycle" hypothesis, abnormal inflammation-immune response of the host and the "natural selection" of COPD to airway microbiome, introduce the treatment of COPD related to microbiome and emphasize the predictive value of airway microbiome for the progression, exacerbation and prognosis of COPD, as well as the guiding role for clinical management of patients, in order to provide a new perspective for exploring the pathogenesis of COPD, and also provide clues and guidance for finding new treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxin Luo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Junli Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Xianzhi Du
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, PR China.
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16
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Zheng L, Liu C, Wang H, Zhang J, Mao L, Dong X, Hu S, Li N, Pi D, Qiu J, Xu F, Chen C, Zou Z. Intact lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid are both suitable for the evaluation of murine lung microbiome in acute lung injury. MICROBIOME 2024; 12:56. [PMID: 38494479 PMCID: PMC10946114 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-024-01772-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating clinical evidence suggests that lung microbiome is closely linked to the progression of pulmonary diseases; however, it is still controversial which specimen type is preferred for the evaluation of lung microbiome. METHODS AND RESULTS To address this issue, we established a classical acute lung injury (ALI) mice model by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). We found that the bacterial DNA obtained from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), intact lung tissue [Lung(i)], lung tissue after perfused [Lung(p)], and feces of one mouse were enough for 16S rRNA sequencing, except the BALF of mice treated with phosphate buffer saline (PBS), which might be due to the biomass of lung microbiome in the BALF were upregulated in the mice treated with LPS. Although the alpha diversity among the three specimens from lungs had minimal differences, Lung(p) had higher sample-to-sample variation compared with BALF and Lung(i). Consistently, PCoA analysis at phylum level indicated that BALF was similar to Lung(i), but not Lung(p), in the lungs of mice treated with LPS, suggesting that BALF and Lung(i) were suitable for the evaluation of lung microbiome in ALI. Importantly, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes were identified as the mostly changed phyla in the lungs and might be important factors involved in the gut-lung axis in ALI mice. Moreover, Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria might play indicative roles in the severity of lung injury. CONCLUSION This study shows both Lung(i) and BALF are suitable for the evaluation of murine lung microbiome in ALI, and several bacterial phyla, such as Actinobacteria, may serve as potential biomarkers for the severity of ALI. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Zheng
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengjun Liu
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjing Wang
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Lejiao Mao
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Dong
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyao Hu
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Pi
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingfu Qiu
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengzhi Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zou
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Lian Q, Song X, Yang J, Wang L, Xu P, Wang X, Xu X, Yang B, He J, Ju C. Alterations of lung microbiota in lung transplant recipients with pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. Respir Res 2024; 25:125. [PMID: 38486264 PMCID: PMC10941442 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02755-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence revealed that lung microbiota dysbiosis was associated with pulmonary infection in lung transplant recipients (LTRs). Pneumocystis jirovecii (P. jirovecii) is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that frequently causes lethal pneumonia in LTRs. However, the lung microbiota in LTRs with P. jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) remains unknow. METHODS In this prospective observational study, we performed metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) on 72 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples from 61 LTRs (20 with PJP, 22 with PJC, 19 time-matched stable LTRs, and 11 from LTRs after PJP recovery). We compared the lung microbiota composition of LTRs with and without P. jirovecii, and analyzed the related clinical variables. RESULTS BALFs collected at the episode of PJP showed a more discrete distribution with a lower species diversity, and microbiota composition differed significantly compared to P. jirovecii colonization (PJC) and control group. Human gammaherpesvirus 4, Phreatobacter oligotrophus, and Pseudomonas balearica were the differential microbiota species between the PJP and the other two groups. The network analysis revealed that most species had a positive correlation, while P. jirovecii was correlated negatively with 10 species including Acinetobacter venetianus, Pseudomonas guariconensis, Paracandidimonas soli, Acinetobacter colistiniresistens, and Castellaniella defragrans, which were enriched in the control group. The microbiota composition and diversity of BALF after PJP recovery were also different from the PJP and control groups, while the main components of the PJP recovery similar to control group. Clinical variables including age, creatinine, total protein, albumin, IgG, neutrophil, lymphocyte, CD3+CD45+, CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD8+ T cells were deeply implicated in the alterations of lung microbiota in LTRs. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that LTRs with PJP had altered lung microbiota compared to PJC, control, and after recovery groups. Furthermore, lung microbiota is related to age, renal function, nutritional and immune status in LTRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyan Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Organ transplantation, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510120, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Xiuling Song
- Vision Medicals Co., Ltd, 510700, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Juhua Yang
- Vision Medicals Co., Ltd, 510700, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Lulin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Organ transplantation, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510120, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Peihang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Organ transplantation, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510120, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Organ transplantation, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510120, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Xin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Organ transplantation, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510120, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510120, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Bin Yang
- Vision Medicals Co., Ltd, 510700, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Jianxing He
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Organ transplantation, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510120, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China.
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510120, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China.
| | - Chunrong Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Organ transplantation, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510120, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China.
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18
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Ziaka M, Exadaktylos A. Pathophysiology of acute lung injury in patients with acute brain injury: the triple-hit hypothesis. Crit Care 2024; 28:71. [PMID: 38454447 PMCID: PMC10918982 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-024-04855-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
It has been convincingly demonstrated in recent years that isolated acute brain injury (ABI) may cause severe dysfunction of peripheral extracranial organs and systems. Of all potential target organs and systems, the lung appears to be the most vulnerable to damage after ABI. The pathophysiology of the bidirectional brain-lung interactions is multifactorial and involves inflammatory cascades, immune suppression, and dysfunction of the autonomic system. Indeed, the systemic effects of inflammatory mediators in patients with ABI create a systemic inflammatory environment ("first hit") that makes extracranial organs vulnerable to secondary procedures that enhance inflammation, such as mechanical ventilation (MV), surgery, and infections ("second hit"). Moreover, accumulating evidence supports the knowledge that gut microbiota constitutes a critical superorganism and an organ on its own, potentially modifying various physiological functions of the host. Furthermore, experimental and clinical data suggest the existence of a communication network among the brain, gastrointestinal tract, and its microbiome, which appears to regulate immune responses, gastrointestinal function, brain function, behavior, and stress responses, also named the "gut-microbiome-brain axis." Additionally, recent research evidence has highlighted a crucial interplay between the intestinal microbiota and the lungs, referred to as the "gut-lung axis," in which alterations during critical illness could result in bacterial translocation, sustained inflammation, lung injury, and pulmonary fibrosis. In the present work, we aimed to further elucidate the pathophysiology of acute lung injury (ALI) in patients with ABI by attempting to develop the "double-hit" theory, proposing the "triple-hit" hypothesis, focused on the influence of the gut-lung axis on the lung. Particularly, we propose, in addition to sympathetic hyperactivity, blast theory, and double-hit theory, that dysbiosis and intestinal dysfunction in the context of ABI alter the gut-lung axis, resulting in the development or further aggravation of existing ALI, which constitutes the "third hit."
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Affiliation(s)
- Mairi Ziaka
- Clinic for Geriatric Medicine, Center for Geriatric Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kantonsspital Baselland, Bruderholz, Switzerland.
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Aristomenis Exadaktylos
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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19
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Hu Y, Shen J, An Y, Jiang Y, Zhao H. Phenotypes and Lung Microbiota Signatures of Immunocompromised Patients with Pneumonia-Related Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:1429-1441. [PMID: 38444638 PMCID: PMC10913798 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s453123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective We aim to identify the clinical phenotypes of immunocompromised patients with pneumonia-related ARDS, to investigate the lung microbiota signatures and the outcomes of different phenotypes, and finally, to develop a machine learning classifier for a specified phenotype. Methods This prospective study included immunocompromised patients with pneumonia-related ARDS. We identified phenotypes using hierarchical clustering to analyze clinical variables and serum cytokine levels. We then compared outcomes and lung microbiota signatures between phenotypes. Based on lung microbiota markers, we developed a random forest classifier for a specified phenotype with worse outcomes. Results This study included 92 patients, who were divided into three phenotypes, namely "type α" (N = 33), "type β" (N = 12), and "type γ" (N = 47). Compared to type α or type β, patients with type γ had no obvious inflammatory presentation and had significantly lower IL-6 levels and more severe oxygenation failure. Type γ was also related to higher 30-day mortality and lower ventilator free days. The microbiota signatures of type γ were characterized by lower alpha diversity and distinct compositions than those of other patients. We developed a lung microbiota-derived random forest model to differentiate patients with type γ from other phenotypes. Conclusion Immunocompromised patients with pneumonia-related ARDS can be clustered into three clinical phenotypes, namely type α, type β, and type γ. Phenotypes were distinguished from each other with different outcomes and lung microbiota signatures. Type γ, which was characterized by insufficient inflammation response and worse outcomes, can be detected with a random forest model based on lung microbiota markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Shen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Youzhong An
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanwen Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huiying Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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20
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Bohmwald K, Diethelm-Varela B, Rodríguez-Guilarte L, Rivera T, Riedel CA, González PA, Kalergis AM. Pathophysiological, immunological, and inflammatory features of long COVID. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1341600. [PMID: 38482000 PMCID: PMC10932978 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1341600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic continues to cause severe global disruption, resulting in significant excess mortality, overwhelming healthcare systems, and imposing substantial social and economic burdens on nations. While most of the attention and therapeutic efforts have concentrated on the acute phase of the disease, a notable proportion of survivors experience persistent symptoms post-infection clearance. This diverse set of symptoms, loosely categorized as long COVID, presents a potential additional public health crisis. It is estimated that 1 in 5 COVID-19 survivors exhibit clinical manifestations consistent with long COVID. Despite this prevalence, the mechanisms and pathophysiology of long COVID remain poorly understood. Alarmingly, evidence suggests that a significant proportion of cases within this clinical condition develop debilitating or disabling symptoms. Hence, urgent priority should be given to further studies on this condition to equip global public health systems for its management. This review provides an overview of available information on this emerging clinical condition, focusing on the affected individuals' epidemiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, and immunological and inflammatory profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Bohmwald
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Benjamín Diethelm-Varela
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Linmar Rodríguez-Guilarte
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Thomas Rivera
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia A. Riedel
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo A. González
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexis M. Kalergis
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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21
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Zhang DW, Lu JL, Dong BY, Fang MY, Xiong X, Qin XJ, Fan XM. Gut microbiota and its metabolic products in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1330021. [PMID: 38433840 PMCID: PMC10904571 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1330021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence rate of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is estimated at approximately 10% in critically ill patients worldwide, with the mortality rate ranging from 17% to 39%. Currently, ARDS mortality is usually higher in patients with COVID-19, giving another challenge for ARDS treatment. However, the treatment efficacy for ARDS is far from satisfactory. The relationship between the gut microbiota and ARDS has been substantiated by relevant scientific studies. ARDS not only changes the distribution of gut microbiota, but also influences intestinal mucosal barrier through the alteration of gut microbiota. The modulation of gut microbiota can impact the onset and progression of ARDS by triggering dysfunctions in inflammatory response and immune cells, oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis mechanisms. Meanwhile, ARDS may also influence the distribution of metabolic products of gut microbiota. In this review, we focus on the impact of ARDS on gut microbiota and how the alteration of gut microbiota further influences the immune function, cellular functions and related signaling pathways during ARDS. The roles of gut microbiota-derived metabolites in the development and occurrence of ARDS are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Wei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Liuzhou People’s Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis, Treatment and Research of Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Jia-Li Lu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Liuzhou People’s Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis, Treatment and Research of Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Bi-Ying Dong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Liuzhou People’s Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis, Treatment and Research of Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Meng-Ying Fang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xia Xiong
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xue-Jun Qin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Liuzhou People’s Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis, Treatment and Research of Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Xian-Ming Fan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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22
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Battaglini D, De Rosa S, Godoy DA. Crosstalk Between the Nervous System and Systemic Organs in Acute Brain Injury. Neurocrit Care 2024; 40:337-348. [PMID: 37081275 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-023-01725-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Organ crosstalk is a complex biological communication between distal organs mediated via cellular, soluble, and neurohormonal actions, based on a two-way pathway. The communication between the central nervous system and peripheral organs involves nerves, endocrine, and immunity systems as well as the emotional and cognitive centers of the brain. Particularly, acute brain injury is complicated by neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration causing multiorgan inflammation, microbial dysbiosis, gastrointestinal dysfunction and dysmotility, liver dysfunction, acute kidney injury, and cardiac dysfunction. Organ crosstalk has become increasingly popular, although the information is still limited. The present narrative review provides an update on the crosstalk between the nervous system and systemic organs after acute brain injury. Future research might help to target this pathophysiological process, preventing the progression toward multiorgan dysfunction in critically ill patients with brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Battaglini
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia De Rosa
- Centre for Medical Sciences, University of Trento, Via S. Maria Maddalena 1, 38122, Trento, Italy.
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Santa Chiara Regional Hospital, APSS Trento, Trento, Italy.
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Li R, Li J, Zhou X. Lung microbiome: new insights into the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:19. [PMID: 38228603 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01722-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The lungs were long thought to be sterile until technical advances uncovered the presence of the lung microbial community. The microbiome of healthy lungs is mainly derived from the upper respiratory tract (URT) microbiome but also has its own characteristic flora. The selection mechanisms in the lung, including clearance by coughing, pulmonary macrophages, the oscillation of respiratory cilia, and bacterial inhibition by alveolar surfactant, keep the microbiome transient and mobile, which is different from the microbiome in other organs. The pulmonary bacteriome has been intensively studied recently, but relatively little research has focused on the mycobiome and virome. This up-to-date review retrospectively summarizes the lung microbiome's history, composition, and function. We focus on the interaction of the lung microbiome with the oropharynx and gut microbiome and emphasize the role it plays in the innate and adaptive immune responses. More importantly, we focus on multiple respiratory diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), fibrosis, bronchiectasis, and pneumonia. The impact of the lung microbiome on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and lung cancer has also been comprehensively studied. Furthermore, by summarizing the therapeutic potential of the lung microbiome in lung diseases and examining the shortcomings of the field, we propose an outlook of the direction of lung microbiome research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruomeng Li
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
| | - Xikun Zhou
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Chen R, Zhan Y, Lin Z, Wu X, Zhou J, Yang Z, Zheng J. Effect of YuPingFeng granules on clinical symptoms of stable COPD: study protocol for a multicenter, double-blind, and randomized controlled trial. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:25. [PMID: 38191338 PMCID: PMC10773120 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04271-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reducing current clinical symptoms and the risks of future exacerbations is the main goal of stable COPD management. Traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in chronic disease management. YuPingFeng (YPF), as a classical prescription, has been proven to reduce the risk of exacerbations, but there is a lack of high-quality evidence for the assessment of clinical symptoms and quality of life, particularly for the assessment of treatment response of microecology and immunity. METHODS/DESIGN This is a prospective, multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. A total of 316 eligible subjects with moderate to severe COPD will be randomized 1:1 to receive YPF or placebo. Participants will receive either YPF or a placebo at 5 g three times daily for 52 weeks. The primary outcome will be the change in the COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score after 52 weeks of treatment. Secondary outcomes will include changes in the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) score and clinical symptom score, among others. Outcomes will be measured at each visit. The study will continue for 52 weeks and will include six visits to each subject (at day 0 and weeks 4,12,24,36 and 52). In the event of exacerbations, subjects will be required to go back to the hospital once on the first day of exacerbation or when their condition permits. DISCUSSION This trial will provide research methods to evaluate the clinical efficacy, safety, and the possible mechanism of YPF in the treatment of stable moderate-to-severe COPD patients. In addition, we hope to provide more possibilities for TCM to participate in the management of stable COPD. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trials Registry on 3 June 2022 (ChiCTR2200060476; date recorded: 3/6/2022, https://www.chictr.org.cn/ ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifeng Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou, 510230 China
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, 9998078 China
| | - Yangqing Zhan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou, 510230 China
| | - Zhengshi Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou, 510230 China
| | - Xiao Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou, 510230 China
| | - Jinchao Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou, 510230 China
| | - Zifeng Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou, 510230 China
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, 9998078 China
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510230 China
| | - Jinping Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou, 510230 China
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Karakosta A, Bousvaros K, Margaritis A, Moschovi P, Mousafiri O, Fousekis F, Papathanakos G, Samara E, Tzimas P, Christodoulou D, Koulouras V, Baltayiannis G. High Prevalence of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Syndrome in ICU Patients: An Observational Study. J Intensive Care Med 2024; 39:69-76. [PMID: 37489018 DOI: 10.1177/08850666231190284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Background: Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), although associated with potentially serious complications, has not been adequately studied in critically ill patients. The primary objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of SIBO in critically ill patients. Secondary outcomes included the assessment of its effect on ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS), and all-cause in-hospital mortality rate. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in a mixed medical-surgical ICU. In 52 consecutive ICU patients, a noninvasive modified hydrogen breath test (HBT) with lactulose was employed for SIBO diagnosis. The HBT was conducted at predetermined time intervals (first day of admission; third, fifth, and seventh day of ICU stay). Patients with an abnormal HBT suggesting SIBO on the day of ICU admission were excluded from the study. Participants were classified as either positive or negative based on their HBT on the third, fifth, and/or seventh day. A comparative assessment of demographic data, APACHE II score, incidence of VAP, duration of ICU stay, and all-cause in-hospital mortality was conducted. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the predictive factors for SIBO. Results: The groups were homogeneous in terms of their baseline characteristics. The prevalence of SIBO was 36.5%. The all-cause in-hospital mortality was 34.6%. The presence of SIBO was associated with an increased incidence of VAP (P < .001) and a prolonged ICU length of stay (P < .033). All-cause in-hospital mortality was similar between the groups. Regarding the results of the multivariate logistic regression model, only age was identified as a statistically significant independent predictor of SIBO (OR 1.08, P = .018). Conclusions: The prevalence of SIBO in ICU patients appears to be increased. Both early diagnosis and effective treatment are of utmost importance, especially for critically ill patients since it appears to be associated with VAP and prolonged hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agathi Karakosta
- Department of Anaesthesia and Postoperative Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | | | - Ploumi Moschovi
- Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Ioannina "G. Hatzikosta," Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ourania Mousafiri
- Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Ioannina "G. Hatzikosta," Ioannina, Greece
| | - Fotios Fousekis
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Evangelia Samara
- Department of Anaesthesia and Postoperative Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Petros Tzimas
- Department of Anaesthesia and Postoperative Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Christodoulou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Vasilios Koulouras
- Intensive Care Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Baltayiannis
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
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Liu Y, Wen Z, Fang Y, Wang T, Wu F, Zhang H, Chen D, Liu J. Herpesvirus reactivation in respiratory tract is associated with increased mortality of severe pneumonia patients and their respiratory microbiome dysbiosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1294142. [PMID: 38188628 PMCID: PMC10771827 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1294142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe pneumonia (SP) is a respiratory tract disease that seriously threatens human health. The herpesvirus detected in patients, especially with severe and immunodeficient diseases, is gradually attracting the attention of clinical doctors. However, little is known about the effect of herpesvirus on the prognosis of SP patients and the pulmonary microbial community. Here, we retrospectively analyzed respiratory samples from 45 SP patients detected by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). A total of five types of herpesviruses were detected, with Human alphaherpesvirus 1 (HHV-1) in 19 patients, Human betaherpesvirus 5 (CMV) in 7 patients, Human betaherpesvirus 7 (HHV-7) in 6 patients, Human alphaherpesvirus 2 (HHV-2) in 5 patients, and Human gammaherpesvirus 4 (EBV) in 4 patients. Further analysis showed that the mortality of the herpesvirus-positive group was significantly higher than that of the negative group. The results also showed that HHV-1 was significantly associated with the prognosis of SP patients, while the other herpesviruses did not have a significant difference in patient mortality. A comparison of the microbial community characteristics of SP patients showed a significant difference in beta-diversity between herpesvirus-positive and negative groups. Species difference analysis showed that the herpesvirus-positive group was related to more conditional pathogens, such as Pneumocystis jirovecii and Burkholderia cepacia. In summary, our results suggest that the presence of herpesvirus is associated with the mortality of SP patients. Furthermore, enrichment of conditional pathogens in the respiratory tract of herpesvirus-positive SP patients may be a potential reason for the increased mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongan Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenliang Wen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Medicine, Genoxor Medical Science and Technology Inc., Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengsheng Wu
- Department of Medicine, Genoxor Medical Science and Technology Inc., Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongming Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Genoxor Medical Science and Technology Inc., Zhejiang, China
| | - Dechang Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Ma J, Zhu Z, Yishajiang Y, Alarjani KM, Hong L, Luo L. Role of gut microbiota and inflammatory factors in acute respiratory distress syndrome: a Mendelian randomization analysis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1294692. [PMID: 38173678 PMCID: PMC10761488 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1294692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a serious lung ailment marked by significant inflammation and damage in the alveoli and capillaries of the lungs. Recent research suggests a strong correlation between the onset and advancement of ARDS and an imbalance in the gut microbiota (GM). Methods In this investigation, Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was utilized, drawing on data from publicly accessible genome-wide association studies. The primary focus was on examining the interplay between GM, inflammatory factors (IFs) and ARDS. Instrumental variables were established through genetic modifications of GM and IFs. Various statistical analysis methods including the inverse-variance weighted model, MR-Egger method and Wald ratio test were applied for comprehensive data analysis. Results Eight bacterial taxa within the GM demonstrated a potential causal link with development of ARDS. Notably, the phylum Actinobacteria and the genus Intestinibacter exhibited a negative association with the risk of ARDS. However, Erysipelotrichales (id. 2,148), Victivallis (id. 2,256), Ruminococcaceae UCG014 (id. 11,371), Eubacterium ruminantium group (id. 11,340), Erysipelotrichaceae (id. 2,149) and Erysipelotrichia (id. 2,147) demonstrated a positive association with ARDS risk. Additionally, the study identified a potential causal relationship between the inflammatory factors interleukin-16 and C-C motif chemokine 3 with the occurrence of ARDS. Conclusion This study strongly suggests that the interaction between gut microbiota (GM) and inflammatory factors (IFs) significantly contributes to the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This underscores their crucial involvement in both the initiation and advancement of this severe lung disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Ma
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Aheqi County People's Hospital, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zigang Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, China
| | | | - Khaloud Mohammed Alarjani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lei Hong
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Research, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Liang Luo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, China
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Zhou P, Zou Z, Wu W, Zhang H, Wang S, Tu X, Huang W, Chen C, Zhu S, Weng Q, Zheng S. The gut-lung axis in critical illness: microbiome composition as a predictor of mortality at day 28 in mechanically ventilated patients. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:399. [PMID: 38110878 PMCID: PMC10726596 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03078-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbial communities are of critical importance in the human host. The lung and gut microbial communities represent the most essential microbiota within the human body, collectively referred to as the gut-lung axis. However, the differentiation between these communities and their influence on clinical outcomes in critically ill patients remains uncertain. METHODS An observational cohort study was obtained in the intensive care unit (ICU) of an affiliated university hospital. Sequential samples were procured from two distinct anatomical sites, namely the respiratory and intestinal tracts, at two precisely defined time intervals: within 48 h and on day 7 following intubation. Subsequently, these samples underwent a comprehensive analysis to characterize microbial communities using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing and to quantify concentrations of fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The primary predictors in this investigation included lung and gut microbial diversity, along with indicator species. The primary outcome of interest was the survival status at 28 days following mechanical ventilation. RESULTS Sixty-two mechanically ventilated critically ill patients were included in this study. Compared to the survivors, the diversity of microorganisms was significantly lower in the deceased, with a significant contribution from the gut-originated fraction of lung microorganisms. Lower concentrations of fecal SCFAs were detected in the deceased. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that not only lung microbial diversity but also the abundance of Enterococcaceae from the gut were correlated with day 28 mortality. CONCLUSION Critically ill patients exhibited lung and gut microbial dysbiosis after mechanical ventilation, as evidenced by a significant decrease in lung microbial diversity and the proliferation of Enterococcaceae in the gut. Levels of fecal SCFAs in the deceased served as a marker of imbalance between commensal and pathogenic flora in the gut. These findings emphasize the clinical significance of microbial profiling in predicting the prognosis of ICU patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piaopiao Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenwei Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shuling Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Tu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weibin Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Cunrong Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shuaijun Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qinyong Weng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Shixiang Zheng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.
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Wang P, Wang J, Wang L, Lv J, Shao Y, He D. High throughput sequencing technology reveals alteration of lower respiratory tract microbiome in severe aspiration pneumonia and its association with inflammation. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2023; 116:105533. [PMID: 37995886 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2023.105533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aspiration pneumonia is a common and severe clinical condition. The microbiome present in the lower respiratory tract plays a crucial role in regulating human inflammatory response. However, the relationship between the altered lower respiratory tract microbiome and inflammation in aspiration pneumonia remains inadequately explored. PURPOSE To investigate the alteration of the lower respiratory tract microbiome in severe aspiration pneumonia patients and explore the potential correlation between microbiome components and inflammatory response. METHOD Patients in the severe aspiration pneumonia group and control group were enrolled from the intensive care unit of Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University between December 31, 2020 and August 19, 2021. Sputum specimens were collected from all participants and subsequently subjected to 16S rDNA high throughput sequencing technology. The concentration of inflammatory cytokines in serum was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits, and collected data including patients' demographic information, clinical data, and laboratory examination results were recorded for further analysis. RESULTS Alteration in the lower respiratory tract microbiome was observed in severe aspiration pneumonia. Compared to the control group, a significant decrease in the relative abundance of Firmicutes was found at the phylum level (P < 0.01). At the family level, the relative abundance of Corynebacteriaceae, Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcaceae increased significantly (P < 0.001, P < 0.05, P < 0.01). There were no significant differences in community diversity of the lower respiratory tract between the two groups. Patients in the severe aspiration pneumonia group exhibited significantly higher levels of inflammation compared to those in the control group. Correlation analysis showed that the relative abundance of Corynebacteriaceae was positively correlated with the expression level of IL-1β and IL-18 (P = 0.002, P = 0.02); the relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae was negatively correlated with IL-4 (P = 0.011); no other significant correlations have been identified between microbiome and inflammatory indicators thus far (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Alteration of the lower respiratory tract microbiome is critically involved in inflammation and disease progression in severe cases of aspiration pneumonia. The potential inflammation regulation properties of the microbiome hold promising value for developing novel therapeutic approaches aimed at mitigating the severity of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Wang
- Center of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Key Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Junming Wang
- Center of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Key Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of General Practice, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Jiang Lv
- Department of General Practice, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Yiru Shao
- Center of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Key Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Daikun He
- Department of General Practice, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Department of General Practice, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Center of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Key Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai 201508, China.
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Ioannou P, Akoumianakis I, Filippatos TD, Akoumianaki E, Chamilos G, Kofteridis DP. High-Flow Nasal Oxygen for Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia in Greek Patients: A Prospective Observational Study. Kurume Med J 2023; 69:53-63. [PMID: 37793892 DOI: 10.2739/kurumemedj.ms69120013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) and prone positioning may improve outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients treated in the intensive care unit (ICU). The aim of this study was to describe outcomes following the timely application of HFNO and prone positioning in COVID-19 patients treated in a ward setting. METHODS The study included 89 prospectively recruited subjects at the COVID-19 ward unit of the University Hospital of Heraklion, Greece, between March and December 2020. RESULTS Seventy-four (83%) of the 89 subjects in the study had severe COVID-19. Of those, 33 (45%) required HFNO treatment and prone positioning and 15 (45%) were transferred to the ICU, with 4 of them being intubated. Severe COVID-19 and HFNO needs were associated with an increased pneumonia severity index (PSI) score on admission and a worse PaO2/FiO2 ratio. In multivariate analysis, PSI was the only independent predictor of subsequent HFNO needs (OR=1.022). Overall intubation and mortality rates were 5.6% and 3.4%, respectively. CONCLUSION This study shows that for patients with severe COVID-19 hospitalized in medical wards, standard COVID-19 treatment, along with the timely utilization of HFNO and prone positioning, resulted in excellent outcomes with fewer ICU admission rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros Ioannou
- Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Heraklion
| | | | | | | | - Georgios Chamilos
- Clinical Microbiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, University Hospital of Heraklion
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Shen J, Wang S, Xia H, Han S, Wang Q, Wu Z, Zhuge A, Li S, Chen H, Lv L, Chen Y, Li L. Akkermansia muciniphila attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by modulating the gut microbiota and SCFAs in mice. Food Funct 2023; 14:10401-10417. [PMID: 37955584 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04051h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota are closely related to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) maintains the intestinal barrier function and regulates the balance of reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione. However, it may be useful as a treatment strategy for LPS-induced lung injury. Our study aimed to explore whether A. muciniphila could improve lung injury by affecting the gut microbiota. The administration of A. muciniphila effectively attenuated lung injury tissue damage and significantly decreased the oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction induced by LPS, with lower levels of myeloperoxidase (MDA), enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, and reduced macrophage and neutrophil infiltration. Moreover, A. muciniphila maintained the intestinal barrier function, reshaped the disordered microbial community, and promoted the secretion of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). A. muciniphila significantly downregulated the expression of TLR2, MyD88 and NF-kappa B (P < 0.05). Butyrate supplementation demonstrated a significant improvement in the inflammatory response (P < 0.05) and mitigation of histopathological damage in mice with ALI, thereby restoring the intestinal butyric acid concentration. In conclusion, our findings indicate that A. muciniphila inhibits the accumulation of inflammatory cytokines and attenuates the activation of the TLR2/Myd88/NF-κB pathway due to exerting anti-inflammatory effects through butyrate. This study provides an experimental foundation for the potential application of A. muciniphila and butyrate in the prevention and treatment of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City 310003, China.
| | - Shuting Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - He Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City 310003, China.
| | - Shengyi Han
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City 310003, China.
| | - Qiangqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City 310003, China.
| | - Zhengjie Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City 310003, China.
| | - Aoxiang Zhuge
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City 310003, China.
| | - Shengjie Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City 310003, China.
| | - Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City 310003, China.
| | - Longxian Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City 310003, China.
| | - Yanfei Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City 310003, China.
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City 310003, China.
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China
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Xu J, Kong X, Li J, Mao H, Zhu Y, Zhu X, Xu Y. Pediatric intensive care unit treatment alters the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota and antimicrobial resistance gene expression in critically ill children. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1237993. [PMID: 38029168 PMCID: PMC10679412 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1237993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Common critical illnesses are a growing economic burden on healthcare worldwide. However, therapies targeting the gut microbiota for critical illnesses have not been developed on a large scale. This study aimed to investigate the changes in the characteristics of the gut microbiota in critically ill children after short-term pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) treatments. Methods Anal swab samples were prospectively collected from March 2021 to March 2022 from children admitted to the PICU of Xinhua Hospital who received broad-spectrum antibiotics on days 1 (the D1 group) and 7 (the D7 group) of the PICU treatment. The structural and functional characteristics of the gut microbiota of critically ill children were explored using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) technology, and a comparative analysis of samples from D1 and D7 was conducted. Results After 7 days of PICU admission, a significant decrease was noted in the richness of the gut microbiota in critically ill children, while the bacterial diversity and the community structure between groups remained stable to some extent. The relative abundance of Bacilli and Lactobacillales was significantly higher, and that of Campylobacter hominis was significantly lower in the D7 group than in the D1 group. The random forest model revealed that Prevotella coporis and Enterobacter cloacae were bacterial biomarkers between groups. LEfSe revealed that two Gene Ontology entries, GO:0071555 (cell wall organization) and GO:005508 (transmembrane transport), changed significantly after the short-term treatment in the PICU. In addition, 30 KEGG pathways were mainly related to the activity of enzymes and proteins during the processes of metabolism, DNA catabolism and repair, and substance transport. Finally, 31 antimicrobial resistance genes had significantly different levels between the D7 and D1 groups. The top 10 up-regulated genes were Erm(A), ErmX, LptD, eptB, SAT-4, tetO, adeJ, adeF, APH(3')-IIIa, and tetM. Conclusion The composition, gene function, and resistance genes of gut microbiota of critically ill children can change significantly after short PICU treatments. Our findings provide a substantial basis for a better understanding of the structure and function of gut microbiota and their role in critical illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yaya Xu
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to the Medical School, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Willis KA, Silverberg M, Martin I, Abdelgawad A, Karabayir I, Halloran BA, Myers ED, Desai JP, White CT, Lal CV, Ambalavanan N, Peters BM, Jain VG, Akbilgic O, Tipton L, Jilling T, Cormier SA, Pierre JF, Talati AJ. The fungal intestinal microbiota predict the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very low birthweight newborns. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.05.29.23290625. [PMID: 37398134 PMCID: PMC10312873 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.29.23290625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common morbidity affecting very preterm infants. Gut fungal and bacterial microbial communities contribute to multiple lung diseases and may influence BPD pathogenesis. METHODS We performed a prospective, observational cohort study comparing the multikingdom fecal microbiota of 144 preterm infants with or without moderate to severe BPD by sequencing the bacterial 16S and fungal ITS2 ribosomal RNA gene. To address the potential causative relationship between gut dysbiosis and BPD, we used fecal microbiota transplant in an antibiotic-pseudohumanized mouse model. Comparisons were made using RNA sequencing, confocal microscopy, lung morphometry, and oscillometry. RESULTS We analyzed 102 fecal microbiome samples collected during the second week of life. Infants who later developed BPD showed an obvious fungal dysbiosis as compared to infants without BPD (NoBPD, p = 0.0398, permutational multivariate ANOVA). Instead of fungal communities dominated by Candida and Saccharomyces, the microbiota of infants who developed BPD were characterized by a greater diversity of rarer fungi in less interconnected community architectures. On successful colonization, the gut microbiota from infants with BPD augmented lung injury in the offspring of recipient animals. We identified alterations in the murine intestinal microbiome and transcriptome associated with augmented lung injury. CONCLUSIONS The gut fungal microbiome of infants who will develop BPD is dysbiotic and may contribute to disease pathogenesis.
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Montassier E, Kitsios GD, Radder JE, Le Bastard Q, Kelly BJ, Panzer A, Lynch SV, Calfee CS, Dickson RP, Roquilly A. Robust airway microbiome signatures in acute respiratory failure and hospital-acquired pneumonia. Nat Med 2023; 29:2793-2804. [PMID: 37957375 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02617-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory microbial dysbiosis is associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) in critically ill patients. However, we lack reproducible respiratory microbiome signatures that can increase our understanding of these conditions and potential treatments. Here, we analyze 16S rRNA sequencing data from 2,177 respiratory samples collected from 1,029 critically ill patients (21.7% with ARDS and 26.3% with HAP) and 327 healthy controls, sourced from 17 published studies. After data harmonization and pooling of individual patient data, we identified microbiota signatures associated with ARDS, HAP and prolonged mechanical ventilation. Microbiota signatures for HAP and prolonged mechanical ventilation were characterized by depletion of a core group of microbes typical of healthy respiratory samples, and the ARDS microbiota signature was distinguished by enrichment of potentially pathogenic respiratory microbes, including Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus. Using machine learning models, we identified clinically informative, three- and four-factor signatures that predicted ARDS, HAP and prolonged mechanical ventilation with relatively high accuracy (area under the curve of 0.751, 0.72 and 0.727, respectively). We validated the signatures in an independent prospective cohort of 136 patients on mechanical ventillation and found that patients with microbiome signatures associated with ARDS, HAP or prolonged mechanical ventilation had longer times to successful extubation than patients lacking these signatures (hazard ratios of 1.56 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07-2.27), 1.51 (95% CI 1.02-2.23) and 1.50 (95% CI 1.03-2.18), respectively). Thus, we defined and validated robust respiratory microbiome signatures associated with ARDS and HAP that may help to identify promising targets for microbiome therapeutic modulation in critically ill patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Montassier
- Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes Université, Inserm, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.
- Service des Urgences, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.
| | - Georgios D Kitsios
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Josiah E Radder
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Brendan J Kelly
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ariane Panzer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Susan V Lynch
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Carolyn S Calfee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Robert P Dickson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Antoine Roquilly
- Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes Université, Inserm, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.
- Service d'Anesthesie Réanimation, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Doman M, Thy M, Dessajan J, Dlela M, Do Rego H, Cariou E, Ejzenberg M, Bouadma L, de Montmollin E, Timsit JF. Temperature control in sepsis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1292468. [PMID: 38020082 PMCID: PMC10644266 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1292468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fever can be viewed as an adaptive response to infection. Temperature control in sepsis is aimed at preventing potential harms associated with high temperature (tachycardia, vasodilation, electrolyte and water loss) and therapeutic hypothermia may be aimed at slowing metabolic activities and protecting organs from inflammation. Although high fever (>39.5°C) control is usually performed in critically ill patients, available cohorts and randomized controlled trials do not support its use to improve sepsis prognosis. Finally, both spontaneous and therapeutic hypothermia are associated with poor outcomes in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Doman
- Medical ICU, Paris Cité University– Bichat University Hospital, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Michael Thy
- Medical ICU, Paris Cité University– Bichat University Hospital, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Inserm UMR 1137 – IAME Team 5 – Decision Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Control and Care INSERM/Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Julien Dessajan
- Medical ICU, Paris Cité University– Bichat University Hospital, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Mariem Dlela
- Medical ICU, Paris Cité University– Bichat University Hospital, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Hermann Do Rego
- Medical ICU, Paris Cité University– Bichat University Hospital, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Erwann Cariou
- Medical ICU, Paris Cité University– Bichat University Hospital, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Michael Ejzenberg
- Medical ICU, Paris Cité University– Bichat University Hospital, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Lila Bouadma
- Medical ICU, Paris Cité University– Bichat University Hospital, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Inserm UMR 1137 – IAME Team 5 – Decision Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Control and Care INSERM/Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Etienne de Montmollin
- Medical ICU, Paris Cité University– Bichat University Hospital, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Inserm UMR 1137 – IAME Team 5 – Decision Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Control and Care INSERM/Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Timsit
- Medical ICU, Paris Cité University– Bichat University Hospital, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Inserm UMR 1137 – IAME Team 5 – Decision Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Control and Care INSERM/Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France
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Marimón JM, Sorarrain A, Ercibengoa M, Azcue N, Alonso M, Vidaur L. Lung microbiome on admission in critically ill patients with acute bacterial and viral pneumonia. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17724. [PMID: 37853062 PMCID: PMC10584954 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45007-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Composition of pulmonary microbiome of patients with severe pneumonia is poorly known. The aim of this work was to analyse the lung microbiome of patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with severe community acquired pneumonia (CAP) between 2019 and 2021 in comparison with a control group of 6 patients undergoing digestive surgery. As a second objective, the diagnostic capabilities of metagenomics was also studied in a small group of selected patients. The lung microbiome of patients with viral (5 with Influenza A and 8 with SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia at admission showed a similar diversity as the control group (p = 0.140 and p = 0.213 respectively). Contrarily, the group of 12 patients with pneumococcal pneumonia showed a significant lower Simpson´s index (p = 0.002). In the control group (n = 6) Proteobacteria (36.6%), Firmicutes (24.2%) and Actinobacteria (23.0%) were the predominant phyla. In SARS-CoV-2 patients (n = 8), there was a predominance of Proteobacteria (mean 41.6%) (Moraxella and Pelomonas at the genus level), Actinobacteria (24.6%) (Microbacterium) and Firmicutes (22.8%) mainly Streptococcus, Staphylococcus and Veillonella. In patients with Influenza A pneumonia (n = 5) there was a predominance of Firmicutes (35.1%) mainly Streptococcus followed by Proteobacteria (29.2%) (Moraxella, Acinetobacter and Pelomonas). In the group of pneumococcal pneumonia (n = 12) two phyla predominated: Firmicutes (53.1%) (Streptococcus) and Proteobacteria (36.5%) (Haemophilus). In the 7 patients with non-pneumococcal bacterial pneumonia Haemophilus influenzae (n = 2), Legionella pneumophila (n = 2), Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes and Leptospira were detected by metagenomics, confirming the diagnosis done using conventional microbiological techniques. The diversity of the respiratory microbiome in patients with severe viral pneumonia at ICU admission was similar to that of the control group. Contrarily, patients with pneumococcal pneumonia showed a lower grade of diversity. At initial stages of SARS-CoV-2 infection, no important alterations in the pulmonary microbiome were observed. The analysis of bacterial microbiome showed promising results as a diagnostic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose María Marimón
- Biodonostia, Infectious Diseases Area, Respiratory Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance Group, Microbiology Department, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Donostialdea Integrated Health Organization, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.
- Microbiology Department, Donostia University Hospital, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Ane Sorarrain
- Biodonostia, Infectious Diseases Area, Respiratory Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance Group, Microbiology Department, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Donostialdea Integrated Health Organization, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Maria Ercibengoa
- Biodonostia, Infectious Diseases Area, Respiratory Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance Group, Microbiology Department, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Donostialdea Integrated Health Organization, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Nekane Azcue
- Microbiology Department, Donostia University Hospital, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Marta Alonso
- Biodonostia, Infectious Diseases Area, Respiratory Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance Group, Microbiology Department, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Donostialdea Integrated Health Organization, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Microbiology Department, Donostia University Hospital, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Loreto Vidaur
- Biodonostia, Infectious Diseases Area, Respiratory Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance Group, Microbiology Department, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Donostialdea Integrated Health Organization, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Intensive Care Unit, Donostia University Hospital, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Zhao J, He X, Min J, Yao RSY, Chen Y, Chen Z, Huang Y, Zhu Z, Gong Y, Xie Y, Li Y, Luo W, Shi D, Xu J, Shen A, Wang Q, Sun R, He B, Lin Y, Shen N, Cao B, Yang L, She D, Shi Y, Zhou J, Su X, Zhou H, Ma Z, Fan H, Lin Y, Ye F, Nie X, Zhang Q, Tian X, Lai G, Zhou M, Ma J, Zhang J, Qu J. A multicenter prospective study of comprehensive metagenomic and transcriptomic signatures for predicting outcomes of patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia. EBioMedicine 2023; 96:104790. [PMID: 37708700 PMCID: PMC10507133 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) results in high mortality as well as massive economic burden worldwide, yet limited knowledge of the bio-signatures related to prognosis has hindered the improvement of clinical outcomes. Pathogen, microbes and host are three vital elements in inflammations and infections. This study aims to discover the specific and sensitive biomarkers to predict outcomes of SCAP patients. METHODS In this study, we applied a combined metagenomic and transcriptomic screening approach to clinical specimens gathered from 275 SCAP patients of a multicentre, prospective study. FINDINGS We found that 30-day mortality might be independent of pathogen category or microbial diversity, while significant difference in host gene expression pattern presented between 30-day mortality group and the survival group. Twelve outcome-related clinical characteristics were identified in our study. The underlying host response was evaluated and enrichment of genes related to cell activation, immune modulation, inflammatory and metabolism were identified. Notably, omics data, clinical features and parameters were integrated to develop a model with six signatures for predicting 30-day mortality, showing an AUC of 0.953 (95% CI: 0.92-0.98). INTERPRETATION In summary, our study linked clinical characteristics and underlying multi-omics bio-signatures to the differential outcomes of patients with SCAP. The establishment of a comprehensive predictive model will be helpful for future improvement of treatment strategies and prognosis with SCAP. FUNDING National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82161138018), Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty (shslczdzk02202), Shanghai Top-Priority Clinical Key Disciplines Construction Project (2017ZZ02014), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases (20dz2261100).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingya Zhao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangyan He
- Clin Lab, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China; PathoGenesis, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Jiumeng Min
- Clin Lab, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China; PathoGenesis, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Rosary Sin Yu Yao
- Clin Lab, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China; PathoGenesis, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhonglin Chen
- Clin Lab, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China; PathoGenesis, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongyi Zhu
- Clin Lab, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China; PathoGenesis, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Yanping Gong
- Clin Lab, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China; PathoGenesis, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Yusang Xie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuping Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital Wenzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiwei Luo
- Clin Lab, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China; PathoGenesis, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Dongwei Shi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinfu Xu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ao Shen
- Clin Lab, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China; PathoGenesis, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Qiuyue Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ruixue Sun
- Clin Lab, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China; PathoGenesis, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Bei He
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Lin
- Clin Lab, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China; PathoGenesis, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Ning Shen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Cao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling Yang
- Clin Lab, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China; PathoGenesis, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Danyang She
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiali Zhou
- Clin Lab, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China; PathoGenesis, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Xin Su
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenzi Ma
- Clin Lab, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China; PathoGenesis, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Hong Fan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongquan Lin
- Clin Lab, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China; PathoGenesis, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Feng Ye
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliate Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xifang Nie
- Clin Lab, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China; PathoGenesis, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinlun Tian
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guoxiang Lai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jinmin Ma
- Clin Lab, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China; PathoGenesis, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jieming Qu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Shanghai, China.
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Kitsios GD, Sayed K, Fitch A, Yang H, Britton N, Shah F, Bain W, Evankovich JW, Qin S, Wang X, Li K, Patel A, Zhang Y, Radder J, Dela Cruz C, Okin DA, Huang CY, van Tyne D, Benos PV, Methé B, Lai P, Morris A, McVerry BJ. Prognostic Insights from Longitudinal Multicompartment Study of Host-Microbiota Interactions in Critically Ill Patients. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.09.25.23296086. [PMID: 37808745 PMCID: PMC10557814 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.25.23296086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Critical illness can disrupt the composition and function of the microbiome, yet comprehensive longitudinal studies are lacking. We conducted a longitudinal analysis of oral, lung, and gut microbiota in a large cohort of 479 mechanically ventilated patients with acute respiratory failure. Progressive dysbiosis emerged in all three body compartments, characterized by reduced alpha diversity, depletion of obligate anaerobe bacteria, and pathogen enrichment. Clinical variables, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunosuppression, and antibiotic exposure, shaped dysbiosis. Notably, of the three body compartments, unsupervised clusters of lung microbiota diversity and composition independently predicted survival, transcending clinical predictors, organ dysfunction severity, and host-response sub-phenotypes. These independent associations of lung microbiota may serve as valuable biomarkers for prognostication and treatment decisions in critically ill patients. Insights into the dynamics of the microbiome during critical illness highlight the potential for microbiota-targeted interventions in precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios D. Kitsios
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Khaled Sayed
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering & Computer Science, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Adam Fitch
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Haopu Yang
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Noel Britton
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Faraaz Shah
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Veteran’s Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - William Bain
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Veteran’s Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - John W. Evankovich
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shulin Qin
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kelvin Li
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Asha Patel
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Josiah Radder
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Charles Dela Cruz
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daniel A Okin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ching-Ying Huang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daria van Tyne
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Barbara Methé
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Peggy Lai
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alison Morris
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bryan J. McVerry
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Kitsios GD, Sayed K, Fitch A, Yang H, Britton N, Shah F, Bain W, Evankovich JW, Qin S, Wang X, Li K, Patel A, Zhang Y, Radder J, Cruz CD, Okin DA, Huang CY, van Tyne D, Benos PV, Methé B, Lai P, Morris A, McVerry BJ. Prognostic Insights from Longitudinal Multicompartment Study of Host-Microbiota Interactions in Critically Ill Patients. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3338762. [PMID: 37841841 PMCID: PMC10571606 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3338762/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Critical illness can disrupt the composition and function of the microbiome, yet comprehensive longitudinal studies are lacking. We conducted a longitudinal analysis of oral, lung, and gut microbiota in a large cohort of 479 mechanically ventilated patients with acute respiratory failure. Progressive dysbiosis emerged in all three body compartments, characterized by reduced alpha diversity, depletion of obligate anaerobe bacteria, and pathogen enrichment. Clinical variables, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunosuppression, and antibiotic exposure, shaped dysbiosis. Notably, of the three body compartments, unsupervised clusters of lung microbiota diversity and composition independently predicted survival, transcending clinical predictors, organ dysfunction severity, and host-response sub-phenotypes. These independent associations of lung microbiota may serve as valuable biomarkers for prognostication and treatment decisions in critically ill patients. Insights into the dynamics of the microbiome during critical illness highlight the potential for microbiota-targeted interventions in precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios D. Kitsios
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Khaled Sayed
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering & Computer Science, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Adam Fitch
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Haopu Yang
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Noel Britton
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Faraaz Shah
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Veteran’s Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - William Bain
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Veteran’s Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - John W. Evankovich
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shulin Qin
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kelvin Li
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Asha Patel
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Josiah Radder
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Charles Dela Cruz
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daniel A Okin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ching-Ying Huang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daria van Tyne
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Barbara Methé
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Peggy Lai
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alison Morris
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bryan J. McVerry
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Lv L, Cui EH, Wang B, Li LQ, Hua F, Lu HD, Chen N, Chen WY. Multiomics reveal human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells improving acute lung injury via the lung-gut axis. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:908-930. [PMID: 37900940 PMCID: PMC10600741 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i9.908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute lung injury (ALI) and its final severe stage, acute respiratory distress syndrome, are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates in patients due to the lack of effective specific treatments. Gut microbiota homeostasis, including that in ALI, is important for human health. Evidence suggests that the gut microbiota improves lung injury through the lung-gut axis. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal cells (HUC-MSCs) have attractive prospects for ALI treatment. This study hypothesized that HUC-MSCs improve ALI via the lung-gut microflora. AIM To explore the effects of HUC-MSCs on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI in mice and the involvement of the lung-gut axis in this process. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups (18 rats per group): Sham, sham + HUC-MSCs, LPS, and LPS + HUC-MSCs. ALI was induced in mice by intraperitoneal injections of LPS (10 mg/kg). After 6 h, mice were intervened with 0.5 mL phosphate buffered saline (PBS) containing 1 × 106 HUC-MSCs by intraperitoneal injections. For the negative control, 100 mL 0.9% NaCl and 0.5 mL PBS were used. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was obtained from anesthetized mice, and their blood, lungs, ileum, and feces were obtained by an aseptic technique following CO2 euthanasia. Wright's staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, hematoxylin-eosin staining, Evans blue dye leakage assay, immunohistochemistry, fluorescence in situ hybridization, western blot, 16S rDNA sequencing, and non-targeted metabolomics were used to observe the effect of HUC-MSCs on ALI mice, and the involvement of the lung-gut axis in this process was explored. One-way analysis of variance with post-hoc Tukey's test, independent-sample Student's t-test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, and Pearson correlation analysis were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS HUC-MSCs were observed to improve pulmonary edema and lung and ileal injury, and decrease mononuclear cell and neutrophil counts, protein concentrations in BALF and inflammatory cytokine levels in the serum, lung, and ileum of ALI mice. Especially, HUC-MSCs decreased Evans blue concentration and Toll-like receptor 4, myeloid differentiation factor 88, p-nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB)/NF-κB, and p-inhibitor α of NF-κB (p-IκBα)/IκBα expression levels in the lung, and raised the pulmonary vascular endothelial-cadherin, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), and occludin levels and ileal ZO-1, claudin-1, and occludin expression levels. HUC-MSCs improved gut and BALF microbial homeostases. The number of pathogenic bacteria decreased in the BALF of ALI mice treated with HUC-MSCs. Concurrently, the abundances of Oscillospira and Coprococcus in the feces of HUS-MSC-treated ALI mice were significantly increased. In addition, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, and unidentified_Rikenellaceae genera appeared in both feces and BALF. Moreover, this study performed metabolomic analysis on the lung tissue and identified five upregulated metabolites and 11 downregulated metabolites in the LPS + MSC group compared to the LPS group, which were related to the purine metabolism and the taste transduction signaling pathways. Therefore, an intrinsic link between lung metabolite levels and BALF flora homeostasis was established. CONCLUSION This study suggests that HUM-MSCs attenuate ALI by redefining the gut and lung microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - En-Hai Cui
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Li-Qin Li
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Zhejiang Province for the Development and Clinical Transformation of Immunomodulatory Drugs, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Feng Hua
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hua-Dong Lu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Na Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wen-Yan Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
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Pérez-Cobas AE, Ginevra C, Rusniok C, Jarraud S, Buchrieser C. The respiratory tract microbiome, the pathogen load, and clinical interventions define severity of bacterial pneumonia. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101167. [PMID: 37633274 PMCID: PMC10518590 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial pneumonia is a considerable problem worldwide. Here, we follow the inter-kingdom respiratory tract microbiome (RTM) of a unique cohort of 38 hospitalized patients (n = 97 samples) with pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila. The RTM composition is characterized by diversity drops early in hospitalization and ecological species replacement. RTMs with the highest bacterial and fungal loads show low diversity and pathogen enrichment, suggesting high biomass as a biomarker for secondary and/or co-infections. The RTM structure is defined by a "commensal" cluster associated with a healthy RTM and a "pathogen" enriched one, suggesting that the cluster equilibrium drives the microbiome to recovery or dysbiosis. Legionella biomass correlates with disease severity and co-morbidities, while clinical interventions influence the RTM dynamics. Fungi, archaea, and protozoa seem to contribute to progress of pneumonia. Thus, the interplay of the RTM equilibrium, the pathogen load dynamics, and clinical interventions play a critical role in patient recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Elena Pérez-Cobas
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biologie des Bactéries Intracellulaires, Paris, France; CNRS UMR 6047, 75724 Paris, France.
| | - Christophe Ginevra
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre National de Référence des Légionelles, Bron, France; Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5308, U1111 Inserm, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Christophe Rusniok
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biologie des Bactéries Intracellulaires, Paris, France; CNRS UMR 6047, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Sophie Jarraud
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre National de Référence des Légionelles, Bron, France; Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5308, U1111 Inserm, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Carmen Buchrieser
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biologie des Bactéries Intracellulaires, Paris, France; CNRS UMR 6047, 75724 Paris, France.
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Zhou Y, Xu B, Wang L, Zhang C, Li S. Fine Particulate Matter Perturbs the Pulmonary Microbiota in Broiler Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2862. [PMID: 37760262 PMCID: PMC10525718 DOI: 10.3390/ani13182862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) seriously affects the respiratory tract health of both animals and humans. Growing evidence indicates that the pulmonary microbiota is involved in the development of respiratory tract health; however, there is still much that is unknown about the specific changes of pulmonary microbiota caused by PM2.5 in broilers. (2) In this experiment, a total of 48 broilers were randomly divided into a control group and PM-exposure group. The experiment lasted for 21 days. Microbiota, inflammation biomarkers, and histological markers in the lungs were determined. (3) On the last day of the experiment, PM significantly disrupted the structure of lung tissue and induced chronic pulmonary inflammation by increasing IL-6, TNFα, and IFNγ expression and decreasing IL-10 expression. PM exposure significantly altered the α and β diversity of pulmonary microbiota. At the phylum level, PM exposure significantly decreased the Firmicutes abundance and increased the abundance of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria. At the genus level, PM exposure significantly increased the abundance of Rhodococcus, Achromobacter, Pseudomonas, and Ochrobactrum. We also observed positive associations of the above altered genera with lung TNFα and IFNγ expression. (4) The results suggest that PM perturbs the pulmonary microbiota and induces chronic inflammation, and the pulmonary microbiota possibly contributes to the development of lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shaoyu Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (Y.Z.); (B.X.); (L.W.); (C.Z.)
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Widere JC, Davis CL, Loomba JJ, Bell TD, Enfield KB, Barros AJ. Early Empiric Antibiotic Use in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Crit Care Med 2023; 51:1168-1176. [PMID: 37125800 PMCID: PMC10426778 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000005901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate temporal trends and outcomes associated with early antibiotic prescribing in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. DESIGN Retrospective propensity-matched cohort study using the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C) database. SETTING Sixty-six health systems throughout the United States that were contributing to the N3C database. Centers that had fewer than 500 admissions in their dataset were excluded. PATIENTS Patients hospitalized with COVID-19 were included. Patients were defined to have early antibiotic use if they received at least 3 calendar days of intravenous antibiotics within the first 5 days of admission. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Of 322,867 qualifying first hospitalizations, 43,089 patients received early empiric antibiotics. Antibiotic use declined across all centers in the data collection period, from March 2020 (23%) to June 2022 (9.6%). Average rates of early empiric antibiotic use (EEAU) also varied significantly between centers (deviance explained 7.33% vs 20.0%, p < 0.001). Antibiotic use decreased slightly by day 2 of hospitalization and was significantly reduced by day 5. Mechanical ventilation before day 2 (odds ratio [OR] 3.57; 95% CI, 3.42-3.72), extracorporeal membrane oxygenation before day 2 (OR 2.14; 95% CI, 1.75-2.61), and early vasopressor use (OR 1.85; 95% CI, 1.78-1.93) but not region of residence was associated with EEAU. After propensity matching, EEAU was associated with an increased risk for in-hospital mortality (OR 1.27; 95% CI, 1.23-1.33), prolonged mechanical ventilation (OR 1.65; 95% CI, 1.50-1.82), late broad-spectrum antibiotic exposure (OR 3.24; 95% CI, 2.99-3.52), and late Clostridium difficile infection (OR 1.60; 95% CI, 1.37-1.87). CONCLUSIONS Although treatment of COVID-19 patients with empiric antibiotics has declined during the pandemic, the frequency of use remains high. There is significant inter-center variation in antibiotic prescribing practices and evidence of potential harm. Our findings are hypothesis-generating and future work should prospectively compare outcomes and adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claire Leilani Davis
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Johanna Jean Loomba
- Integrated Translational Health Research Institute of Virginia, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Taison D Bell
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Kyle B Enfield
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Andrew Julio Barros
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
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Wu J, Li C, Gao P, Zhang C, Zhang P, Zhang L, Dai C, Zhang K, Shi B, Liu M, Zheng J, Pan B, Chen Z, Zhang C, Liao W, Pan W, Fang W, Chen C. Intestinal microbiota links to allograft stability after lung transplantation: a prospective cohort study. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:326. [PMID: 37652953 PMCID: PMC10471611 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01515-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Whether the alternated microbiota in the gut contribute to the risk of allograft rejection (AR) and pulmonary infection (PI) in the setting of lung transplant recipients (LTRs) remains unexplored. A prospective multicenter cohort of LTRs was identified in the four lung transplant centers. Paired fecal and serum specimens were collected and divided into AR, PI, and event-free (EF) groups according to the diagnosis at sampling. Fecal samples were determined by metagenomic sequencing. And metabolites and cytokines were detected in the paired serum to analyze the potential effect of the altered microbiota community. In total, we analyzed 146 paired samples (AR = 25, PI = 43, and EF = 78). Notably, we found that the gut microbiome of AR followed a major depletion pattern with decreased 487 species and compositional diversity. Further multi-omics analysis showed depleted serum metabolites and increased inflammatory cytokines in AR and PI. Bacteroides uniformis, which declined in AR (2.4% vs 0.6%) and was negatively associated with serum IL-1β and IL-12, was identified as a driven specie in the network of gut microbiome of EF. Functionally, the EF specimens were abundant in probiotics related to mannose and cationic antimicrobial peptide metabolism. Furthermore, a support-vector machine classifier based on microbiome, metabolome, and clinical parameters highly predicted AR (AUPRC = 0.801) and PI (AUPRC = 0.855), whereby the microbiome dataset showed a particularly high diagnostic power. In conclusion, a disruptive gut microbiota showed a significant association with allograft rejection and infection and with systemic cytokines and metabolites in LTRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqi Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Chongwu Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Peigen Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenyang Dai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Kunpeng Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Bowen Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junmeng Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Pan
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhan Chen
- Adfontes (Shanghai) Bio-technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanqing Liao
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihua Pan
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wenjie Fang
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai, China.
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Ray A, Kale SL, Ramonell RP. Bridging the Gap between Innate and Adaptive Immunity in the Lung: Summary of the Aspen Lung Conference 2022. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 69:266-280. [PMID: 37043828 PMCID: PMC10503303 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0057ws] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Although significant strides have been made in the understanding of pulmonary immunology, much work remains to be done to comprehensively explain coordinated immune responses in the lung. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic only served to highlight the inadequacy of current models of host-pathogen interactions and reinforced the need for current and future generations of immunologists to unravel complex biological questions. As part of that effort, the 64th Annual Thomas L. Petty Aspen Lung Conference was themed "Bridging the Gap between Innate and Adaptive Immunity in the Lung" and featured exciting work from renowned immunologists. This report summarizes the proceedings of the 2022 Aspen Lung Conference, which was convened to discuss the roles played by innate and adaptive immunity in disease pathogenesis, evaluate the interface between the innate and adaptive immune responses, assess the role of adaptive immunity in the development of autoimmunity and autoimmune lung disease, discuss lessons learned from immunologic cancer treatments and approaches, and define new paradigms to harness the immune system to prevent and treat lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Ray
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sagar L. Kale
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Richard P. Ramonell
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
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Yuan X, Xie L, Shi Z, Zhou M. Application of mNGS in the study of pulmonary microbiome in pneumoconiosis complicated with pulmonary infection patients and exploration of potential biomarkers. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1200157. [PMID: 37545858 PMCID: PMC10403237 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1200157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pneumoconiosis patients have a high prevalence of pulmonary infections, which can complicate diagnosis and treatment. And there is no comprehensive study of the microbiome of patients with pneumoconiosis. The application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) fills the gap to some extent by analyzing the lung microbiota of pneumoconiosis population while achieving accurate diagnosis. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 44 patients with suspected pneumoconiosis complicated with pulmonary infection between Jan 2020 and Nov 2022. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) specimens from 44 patients were collected and tested using the mNGS technology. Results Among the lung microbiome of pneumoconiosis patients with complicated pulmonary infection (P group), the most frequently detected bacteria and fungi at the genus level were Streptococcus and Aspergillus, at the species level were Streptococcus pneumoniae and Aspergillus flavus, respectively, and the most frequently detected DNA virus was Human gammaherpesvirus 4. There was no significant difference in α diversity between the P group and the non-pneumoconiosis patients complicated with pulmonary infection group (Non-P group) in pulmonary flora, while P< 0.01 for β diversity analysis, and the differential species between the two groups were Mycobacterium colombiense and Fusobacterium nucleatum. In addition, we monitored a high distribution of Malassezia and Pneumocystis in the P group, while herpes virus was detected in the majority of samples. Conclusions Overall, we not only revealed a comprehensive lung microbiome profile of pneumoconiosis patients, but also compared the differences between their microbiome and that of non-pneumoconiosis complicated with pulmonary infection patients. This provides a good basis for a better understanding of the relationship between pneumoconiosis and microorganisms, and for the search of potential biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingya Yuan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Linshen Xie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | | | - Min Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Belizário J, Garay-Malpartida M, Faintuch J. Lung microbiome and origins of the respiratory diseases. CURRENT RESEARCH IN IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 4:100065. [PMID: 37456520 PMCID: PMC10339129 DOI: 10.1016/j.crimmu.2023.100065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The studies on the composition of the human microbiomes in healthy individuals, its variability in the course of inflammation, infection, antibiotic therapy, diets and different pathological conditions have revealed their intra and inter-kingdom relationships. The lung microbiome comprises of major species members of the phylum Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria and Proteobacteria, which are distributed in ecological niches along nasal cavity, nasopharynx, oropharynx, trachea and in the lungs. Commensal and pathogenic species are maintained in equilibrium as they have strong relationships. Bacterial overgrowth after dysbiosis and/or imbalanced of CD4+ helper T cells, CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and regulatory T cells (Treg) populations can promote lung inflammatory reactions and distress, and consequently acute and chronic respiratory diseases. This review is aimed to summarize the latest advances in resident lung microbiome and its participation in most common pulmonary infections and pneumonia, community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), immunodeficiency associated pneumonia, SARS-CoV-2-associated pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We briefly describe physiological and immunological mechanisms that selectively create advantages or disadvantages for relative growth of pathogenic bacterial species in the respiratory tract. At the end, we propose some directions and analytical methods that may facilitate the identification of key genera and species of resident and transient microbes involved in the respiratory diseases' initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Belizário
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities of the University of Sao Paulo, Rua Arlindo Bettio, 1000, São Paulo, CEP 03828-000, Brazil
| | - Miguel Garay-Malpartida
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities of the University of Sao Paulo, Rua Arlindo Bettio, 1000, São Paulo, CEP 03828-000, Brazil
| | - Joel Faintuch
- Department of Gastroenterology of the Clinics Hospital of the University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 255, São Paulo, CEP 05403-000, Brazil
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Sun G, Liu W, Zheng Q, Shan Q, Hou H. Ratio of procalcitonin/Simpson's dominance index predicted the short-term prognosis of patients with severe bacterial pneumonia. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1175747. [PMID: 37465762 PMCID: PMC10350521 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1175747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to explore the predictive value of the ratio of procalcitonin (PCT) in serum to Simpson's dominance index (SDI) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), in short-term prognosis of patients with severe bacterial pneumonia (SBP). Methods This is a retrospective review of case materials of 110 patients with SBP who selected BALF metagenomic next-generation sequencing technique in the intensive care unit (ICU) of the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University from January 2019 and July 2022. Based on the acute physiology and chronic health status score II, within 24 h after admission to the ICU, patients were divided into a non-critical group (n = 40) and a critical group (n = 70). Taking death caused by bacterial pneumonia as the endpoint event, the 28-day prognosis was recorded, and the patients were divided into a survival group (n = 76) and a death group (n = 34). The SDI, PCT, C-reactive protein (CRP), PCT/SDI, and CRP/SDI were compared and analyzed. Results Compared with the non-critical group, the critical group had a higher PCT level, a greater PCT/SDI ratio, a longer ventilator-assisted ventilation time (VAVT), and more deaths in 28 days. Compared with the survivors, the death group had a higher PCT level, a lower SDI level, and a greater PCT/SDI ratio. The SDI level was significantly negatively correlated with the VAVT (r = -0.675, p < 0.05), while the PCT level, ratio of PCT/SDI, and ratio of CRP/SDI were remarkably positively correlated with VAVT (r = 0.669, 0.749, and 0.718, respectively, p < 0.05). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves analysis showed that the area under ROC curves of PCT/SDI predicting patient death within 28 days was 0.851, followed by PCT + SDI, PCT, SDI, and CRP/SDI (0.845, 0.811, 0.778, and 0.720, respectively). The sensitivity and specificity of PCT/SDI for predicting death were 94.1% and 65.8%, respectively, at the optimal value (11.56). Cox regression analysis displayed that PCT/SDI (HR = 1.562; 95% CI: 1.271 to 1.920; p = 0.039) and PCT (HR = 1.148; 95% CI: 1.105 to 1.314; p = 0.015) were independent predictors of death in patients. Conclusion The ratio of PCT/SDI was a more valuable marker in predicting the 28-day prognosis in patients with SBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxian Sun
- Department of Infection Control, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Weili Liu
- Department of Critical Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qingbin Zheng
- Department of Critical Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qing Shan
- Department of Infection Control, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hongling Hou
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Bustos IG, Martín-Loeches I, Acosta-González A, Chotirmall SH, Dickson RP, Reyes LF. Exploring the complex relationship between the lung microbiome and ventilator-associated pneumonia. Expert Rev Respir Med 2023; 17:889-901. [PMID: 37872770 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2023.2273424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Understanding the presence and function of a diverse lung microbiome in acute lung infections, particularly ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), is still limited, evidencing significant gaps in our knowledge. AREAS COVERED In this comprehensive narrative review, we aim to elucidate the contribution of the respiratory microbiome in the development of VAP by examining the current knowledge on the interactions among microorganisms. By exploring these intricate connections, we endeavor to enhance our understanding of the disease's pathophysiology and pave the way for novel ideas and interventions in studying the respiratory tract microbiome. EXPERT OPINION The conventional perception of lungs as sterile is deprecated since it is currently recognized the existence of a diverse microbial community within them. However, despite extensive research on the role of the respiratory microbiome in healthy lungs, respiratory chronic diseases and acute lung infections such as pneumonia are not fully understood. It is crucial to investigate further the relationship between the pathophysiology of VAP and the pulmonary microbiome, elucidating the mechanisms underlying the interactions between the microbiome, host immune response and mechanical ventilation for the development of VAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid G Bustos
- Unisabana Center for Translational Science, School of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Chia, Colombia
- Doctorado de Biociencias, Department of Engineering, Universidad de la Sabana, Chia, Colombia
| | - Ignacio Martín-Loeches
- Multidisciplinary Intensive Care Research Organization (MICRO), St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alejandro Acosta-González
- Unisabana Center for Translational Science, School of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Chia, Colombia
- Bioprospection Research Group (GIBP), Department of Engineering, Universidad de La Sabana, Chia, Colombia
| | - Sanjay H Chotirmall
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Robert P Dickson
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Weil Institute for Critical Care Research & Innovation, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Luis Felipe Reyes
- Unisabana Center for Translational Science, School of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Chia, Colombia
- Critical Care Department, Clinica Universidad de La Sabana, Chia, Colombia
- Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Meyer S, Gaïa N, Lazarevic V, Schrenzel J, François B, Barraud O. Could daily changes in respiratory microbiota help predicting early Staphylococcus aureus ventilator-associated pneumonia? Intensive Care Med Exp 2023; 11:34. [PMID: 37349606 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-023-00521-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Meyer
- Université Limoges, INSERM, CHU Limoges, UMR 1092, Limoges, France
| | - Nadia Gaïa
- Genomic Research Laboratory and Infectious Diseases Division, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vladimir Lazarevic
- Genomic Research Laboratory and Infectious Diseases Division, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jacques Schrenzel
- Genomic Research Laboratory and Infectious Diseases Division, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Bruno François
- Université Limoges, INSERM, CHU Limoges, UMR 1092, Limoges, France.
- CHU Limoges, Réanimation Polyvalente CHU Dupuytren, 2 Ave. Martin Luther King, 87042, Limoges Cedex, France.
- CHU Limoges, INSERM, CIC1435, Limoges, France.
| | - Olivier Barraud
- Université Limoges, INSERM, CHU Limoges, UMR 1092, Limoges, France
- Genomic Research Laboratory and Infectious Diseases Division, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- CHU Limoges, INSERM, CIC1435, Limoges, France
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