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Berni Canani R, Caminati M, Carucci L, Eguiluz-Gracia I. Skin, gut, and lung barrier: Physiological interface and target of intervention for preventing and treating allergic diseases. Allergy 2024; 79:1485-1500. [PMID: 38439599 DOI: 10.1111/all.16092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The epithelial barriers of the skin, gut, and respiratory tract are critical interfaces between the environment and the host, and they orchestrate both homeostatic and pathogenic immune responses. The mechanisms underlying epithelial barrier dysfunction in allergic and inflammatory conditions, such as atopic dermatitis, food allergy, eosinophilic oesophagitis, allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, and asthma, are complex and influenced by the exposome, microbiome, individual genetics, and epigenetics. Here, we review the role of the epithelial barriers of the skin, digestive tract, and airways in maintaining homeostasis, how they influence the occurrence and progression of allergic and inflammatory conditions, how current treatments target the epithelium to improve symptoms of these disorders, and what the unmet needs are in the identification and treatment of epithelial disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Berni Canani
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Caminati
- Allergy Unit and Asthma Centre, Verona Integrated University Hospital and Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Laura Carucci
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ibon Eguiluz-Gracia
- Allergy Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de Malága, Malaga, Spain
- Allergy Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA)-BIONAND Platform, RICORS Inflammatory Diseases, Malaga, Spain
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Wu J, Yu F, Shao M, Zhang T, Lu W, Chen X, Wang Y, Guo Y. Electrospun Nanofiber Scaffold for Skin Tissue Engineering: A Review. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024. [PMID: 38777621 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Skin tissue engineering (STE) is widely regarded as an effective approach for skin regeneration. Several synthetic biomaterials utilized for STE have demonstrated favorable fibrillar characteristics, facilitating the regeneration of skin tissue at the site of injury, yet they have exhibited a lack of in situ degradation. Various types of skin regenerative materials, such as hydrogels, nanofiber scaffolds, and 3D-printing composite scaffolds, have recently emerged for use in STE. Electrospun nanofiber scaffolds possess distinct advantages, such as their wide availability, similarity to natural structures, and notable tissue regenerative capabilities, which have garnered the attention of researchers. Hence, electrospun nanofiber scaffolds may serve as innovative biological materials possessing the necessary characteristics and potential for use in tissue engineering. Recent research has demonstrated the potential of electrospun nanofiber scaffolds to facilitate regeneration of skin tissues. Nevertheless, there is a need to enhance the rapid degradation and limited mechanical properties of electrospun nanofiber scaffolds in order to strengthen their effectiveness in soft tissue engineering applications in clinical settings. This Review centers on advanced research into electrospun nanofiber scaffolds, encompassing preparation methods, materials, fundamental research, and preclinical applications in the field of science, technology, and engineering. The existing challenges and prospects of electrospun nanofiber scaffolds in STE are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Wu
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Hangzhou CASbios Medical Company Hangzhou 310000, P. R. China
| | - Fenglin Yu
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Mingfei Shao
- Hangzhou CASbios Medical Company Hangzhou 310000, P. R. China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Weipeng Lu
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Hangzhou CASbios Medical Company Hangzhou 310000, P. R. China
| | - Xin Chen
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yihu Wang
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yanchuan Guo
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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3
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Liu H. Effect of Skin Barrier on Atopic Dermatitis. Dermatitis 2024. [PMID: 38738291 DOI: 10.1089/derm.2024.0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
The skin acts as the body's primary physical and immune barrier, maintaining the skin microbiome and providing a physical, chemical, and immune barrier. A disrupted skin barrier plays a critical role in the onset and advancement of inflammatory skin conditions such as atopic dermatitis (AD) and contact dermatitis. This narrative review outlines the relationship between AD and skin barrier function in preparation for the search for possible markers for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanye Liu
- From the Beihua University, Jilin, China
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Ruysseveldt E, Steelant B, Wils T, Cremer J, Bullens DMA, Hellings PW, Martens K. The nasal basal cell population shifts toward a diseased phenotype with impaired barrier formation capacity in allergic rhinitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024:S0091-6749(24)00454-8. [PMID: 38705259 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The integrity of the airway epithelium is guarded by the airway basal cells that serve as progenitor cells and restore wounds in case of injury. Basal cells are a heterogenous population, and specific changes in their behavior are associated with chronic barrier disruption-mechanisms that have not been studied in detail in allergic rhinitis (AR). OBJECTIVE We aimed to study basal cell subtypes in AR and healthy controls. METHODS Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) of the nasal epithelium was performed on nonallergic and house dust mite-allergic AR patients to reveal basal cell diversity and to identify allergy-related alterations. Flow cytometry, immunofluorescence staining, and in vitro experiments using primary basal cells were performed to confirm phenotypic findings at the protein level and functionally. RESULTS The scRNA-Seq, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence staining revealed that basal cells are abundantly and heterogeneously present in the nasal epithelium, suggesting specialized subtypes. The total basal cell fraction within the epithelium in AR is increased compared to controls. scRNA-Seq demonstrated that potentially beneficial basal cells are missing in AR epithelium, while an activated population of allergy-associated basal cells is more dominantly present. Furthermore, our in vitro proliferation, wound healing assay and air-liquid interface cultures show that AR-associated basal cells have altered progenitor capacity compared to nonallergic basal cells. CONCLUSIONS The nasal basal cell population is abundant and diverse, and it shifts toward a diseased state in AR. The absence of potentially protective subtypes and the rise of a proinflammatory population suggest that basal cells are important players in maintaining epithelial barrier defects in AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Ruysseveldt
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Brecht Steelant
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tine Wils
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Cremer
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dominique M A Bullens
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Clinical Department of Paediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter W Hellings
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Clinical Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Upper Airways Research Laboratory, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katleen Martens
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Berdyshev E, Kim J, Kim BE, Goleva E, Lyubchenko T, Bronova I, Bronoff AS, Xiao O, Jang S, Shin S, Song J, Kim J, Kim S, Park B, Kim K, Choi SJ, Oh SY, Ahn K, Leung DYM. Skin biomarkers predict the development of food allergy in early life. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:1456-1463.e4. [PMID: 38442771 PMCID: PMC11070305 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food allergy (FA) often occurs in early childhood with and without atopic dermatitis (AD). FA can be severe and even fatal. For primary prevention, it is important to find early biomarkers to predict the future onset of FA before any clinical manifestations. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to find early predictors of future onset of FA in the stratum corneum (SC). METHODS Skin tape strips were collected from the forearm of newborns (n = 129) at age 2 months, before any signs of clinical FA or AD. Children were clinically monitored until they reached age 2 years to confirm the presence or absence of FA and AD. Skin tape strips were subjected to lipidomic analyses by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and cytokine determination by Meso Scale Discovery U-Plex assay. RESULTS Overall, 9 of 129 infants (7.0%) developed FA alone and 9 of 129 infants (7.0%) developed FA concomitantly with AD. In the stratum corneum of children with future FA and concomitant AD and FA, absolute amounts of unsaturated (N24:1)(C18-sphingosine)ceramide and (N26:1)(C18-sphingosine)ceramide and their relative percentages within the molecular group were increased compared with the amounts and percentages in healthy children, with P values ranging from less than .01 to less than .05 according to ANOVA. The children with future AD had normal levels of these molecules. IL-33 level was upregulated in those infants with future FA but not in those with future AD, whereas thymic stromal lymphopoietin was upregulated in those with future AD but not in those with future FA. Logistic regression analysis revealed strong FA predicting power for the combination of dysregulated lipids and cytokines, with an odds ratio reaching 101.4 (95% CI = 5.4-1910.6). CONCLUSION Noninvasive skin tape strip analysis at age 2 months can identify infants at risk of FA in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jihyun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Eui Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
| | - Elena Goleva
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
| | | | - Irina Bronova
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
| | | | - Olivia Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
| | - Sehun Jang
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sanghee Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeongmin Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiwon Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Korea
| | - Sukyung Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Boram Park
- Biomedical Statistics Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyunga Kim
- Biomedical Statistics Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Seoul, Korea; Department of Data Convergence & Future Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk-Joo Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Young Oh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kangmo Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Seoul, Korea.
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Flori E, Cavallo A, Mosca S, Kovacs D, Cota C, Zaccarini M, Di Nardo A, Bottillo G, Maiellaro M, Camera E, Cardinali G. JAK/STAT Inhibition Normalizes Lipid Composition in 3D Human Epidermal Equivalents Challenged with Th2 Cytokines. Cells 2024; 13:760. [PMID: 38727296 PMCID: PMC11083560 DOI: 10.3390/cells13090760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Derangement of the epidermal barrier lipids and dysregulated immune responses are key pathogenic features of atopic dermatitis (AD). The Th2-type cytokines interleukin IL-4 and IL-13 play a prominent role in AD by activating the Janus Kinase/Signal Transduction and Activator of Transcription (JAK/STAT) intracellular signaling axis. This study aimed to investigate the role of JAK/STAT in the lipid perturbations induced by Th2 signaling in 3D epidermal equivalents. Tofacitinib, a low-molecular-mass JAK inhibitor, was used to screen for JAK/STAT-mediated deregulation of lipid metabolism. Th2 cytokines decreased the expression of elongases 1, 3, and 4 and serine-palmitoyl-transferase and increased that of sphingolipid delta(4)-desaturase and carbonic anhydrase 2. Th2 cytokines inhibited the synthesis of palmitoleic acid and caused depletion of triglycerides, in association with altered phosphatidylcholine profiles and fatty acid (FA) metabolism. Overall, the ceramide profiles were minimally affected. Except for most sphingolipids and very-long-chain FAs, the effects of Th2 on lipid pathways were reversed by co-treatment with tofacitinib. An increase in the mRNA levels of CPT1A and ACAT1, reduced by tofacitinib, suggests that Th2 cytokines promote FA beta-oxidation. In conclusion, pharmacological inhibition of JAK/STAT activation prevents the lipid disruption caused by the halted homeostasis of FA metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Flori
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (E.F.); (A.C.); (S.M.); (D.K.); (A.D.N.); (G.B.); (M.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Alessia Cavallo
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (E.F.); (A.C.); (S.M.); (D.K.); (A.D.N.); (G.B.); (M.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Sarah Mosca
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (E.F.); (A.C.); (S.M.); (D.K.); (A.D.N.); (G.B.); (M.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Daniela Kovacs
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (E.F.); (A.C.); (S.M.); (D.K.); (A.D.N.); (G.B.); (M.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Carlo Cota
- Genetic Research, Molecular Biology and Dermatopathology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (M.Z.)
| | - Marco Zaccarini
- Genetic Research, Molecular Biology and Dermatopathology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (M.Z.)
| | - Anna Di Nardo
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (E.F.); (A.C.); (S.M.); (D.K.); (A.D.N.); (G.B.); (M.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Grazia Bottillo
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (E.F.); (A.C.); (S.M.); (D.K.); (A.D.N.); (G.B.); (M.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Miriam Maiellaro
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (E.F.); (A.C.); (S.M.); (D.K.); (A.D.N.); (G.B.); (M.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Emanuela Camera
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (E.F.); (A.C.); (S.M.); (D.K.); (A.D.N.); (G.B.); (M.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Giorgia Cardinali
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (E.F.); (A.C.); (S.M.); (D.K.); (A.D.N.); (G.B.); (M.M.); (G.C.)
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Yamaji M, Ohno Y, Shimada M, Kihara A. Alteration of epidermal lipid composition as a result of deficiency in the magnesium transporter Nipal4. J Lipid Res 2024; 65:100550. [PMID: 38692573 PMCID: PMC11153242 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2024.100550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipids in the stratum corneum play an important role in the formation of the skin permeability barrier. The causative gene for congenital ichthyosis, NIPAL4, encodes a Mg2+ transporter and is involved in increases in intracellular Mg2+ concentrations that depend on keratinocyte differentiation. However, the role of this increased Mg2+ concentration in skin barrier formation and its effect on the lipid composition of the stratum corneum has remained largely unknown. Therefore, in the present study, we performed a detailed analysis of epidermal lipids in Nipal4 KO mice via TLC and MS. Compared with WT mice, the Nipal4 KO mice showed compositional changes in many ceramide classes (including decreases in ω-O-acylceramides and increases in ω-hydroxy ceramides), together with increases in ω-hydroxy glucosylceramides, triglycerides, and free fatty acids and decreases in ω-O-acyl hydroxy fatty acids containing a linoleic acid. We also found increases in unusual ω-O-acylceramides containing oleic acid or palmitic acid in the KO mice. However, there was little change in levels of cholesterol or protein-bound ceramides. The TLC analysis showed that some unidentified lipids were increased, and the MS analysis showed that these were special ceramides called 1-O-acylceramides. These results suggest that elevated Mg2+ concentrations in differentiated keratinocytes affect the production of various lipids, resulting in the lipid composition necessary for skin barrier formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marino Yamaji
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ohno
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Madoka Shimada
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akio Kihara
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
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Zuurveld M, Ogrodowczyk AM, Benedé S, Czolk R, Lucia Bavaro S, Randow S, Markiewicz LH, Wróblewska B, Molina E, Kuehn A, Holzhauser T, Willemsen LEM. Allergenic Shrimp Tropomyosin Distinguishes from a Non-Allergenic Chicken Homolog by Pronounced Intestinal Barrier Disruption and Downstream Th2 Responses in Epithelial and Dendritic Cell (Co)Culture. Nutrients 2024; 16:1192. [PMID: 38674882 PMCID: PMC11053543 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tropomyosins (TM) from vertebrates are generally non-allergenic, while invertebrate homologs are potent pan-allergens. This study aims to compare the risk of sensitization between chicken TM and shrimp TM through affecting the intestinal epithelial barrier integrity and type 2 mucosal immune activation. METHODS Epithelial activation and/or barrier effects upon exposure to 2-50 μg/mL chicken TM, shrimp TM or ovalbumin (OVA) as a control allergen, were studied using Caco-2, HT-29MTX, or HT-29 intestinal epithelial cells. Monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDC), cocultured with HT-29 cells or moDC alone, were exposed to 50 μg/mL chicken TM or shrimp TM. Primed moDC were cocultured with naïve Th cells. Intestinal barrier integrity (TEER), gene expression, cytokine secretion and immune cell phenotypes were determined in these human in vitro models. RESULTS Shrimp TM, but not chicken TM or OVA exposure, profoundly disrupted intestinal barrier integrity and increased alarmin genes expression in Caco-2 cells. Proinflammatory cytokine secretion in HT-29 cells was only enhanced upon shrimp TM or OVA, but not chicken TM, exposure. Shrimp TM enhanced the maturation of moDC and chemokine secretion in the presence or absence of HT-29 cells, while only in the absence of epithelial cells chicken TM activated moDC. Direct exposure of moDC to shrimp TM increased IL13 and TNFα secretion by Th cells cocultured with these primed moDC, while shrimp TM exposure via HT-29 cells cocultured with moDC sequentially increased IL13 expression and IL4 secretion in Th cells. CONCLUSIONS Shrimp TM, but not chicken TM, disrupted the epithelial barrier while triggering type 2 mucosal immune activation, both of which are key events in allergic sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marit Zuurveld
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Anna M. Ogrodowczyk
- Department of Immunology and Food Microbiology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Sara Benedé
- Department of Bioactivity and Food Analysis, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebecca Czolk
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 1359 Kirchberg, Luxembourg
| | - Simona Lucia Bavaro
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council (Ispa-Cnr), 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Stefanie Randow
- Division of Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, 63225 Langen, Germany
| | - Lidia H. Markiewicz
- Department of Immunology and Food Microbiology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Barbara Wróblewska
- Department of Immunology and Food Microbiology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Elena Molina
- Department of Bioactivity and Food Analysis, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Annette Kuehn
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Thomas Holzhauser
- Division of Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, 63225 Langen, Germany
| | - Linette E. M. Willemsen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands;
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9
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Trinh TT, Choi JH, Yang J, Kim WH, Chien PN, Le LTT, Ngan‐Giang N, Nga PT, Nam S, Heo C. Effects on keratinocytes of the traditional combination of herb extract (Royal Oji Complex) implicated the improvement of young children's skin moisture and barrier. Skin Res Technol 2024; 30:e13682. [PMID: 38616504 PMCID: PMC11016816 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural products are often friendly and can be used on children's skin after systematic and careful research. Therefore, in this study, the Royal Oji Complex (ROC), a product with natural ingredients, was used to study their effectiveness on keratinocytes taken from the skin of children from 0 to 3 years old. METHOD Normal human epidermal keratinocytes and tissue-isolated keratinocytes (TIKC) from young donors were treated with three different concentrations of ROC: 0.1, 1, and 10 ppm. The mRNA expression of the epidermal barrier's essential genes, such as hyaluronic acid synthase 3 (Has3), involucrin (IVL), loricrin (LOR), and claudin-1 (CLD1) was investigated using qRT-PCR. Ceramide content was measured by ELISA, with retinoic acid (R.A.) and amarogentin (AMA) serving as positive controls. RESULTS ROC significantly elevated HAS3 gene expression in HEKn cells, especially at 10 ppm, indicating potential advantages for skin hydration in young infants. IVL increased at first but decreased as ROC concentrations increased. LOR was upregulated at lower ROC concentrations but reduced at higher doses. CLD1 gene expression increased considerably in HEKn but reduced with increasing ROC doses. Ceramide concentration increased somewhat but not significantly at 10 ppm. CONCLUSION ROC shows potential in altering keratinocyte gene expression, with unique responses in HEKn and TIKC from young donors. While changes in ceramide content were insignificant, these results help to comprehend ROC's multiple effects on young children's skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy‐Tien Thi Trinh
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgerySeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamRepublic of Korea
| | | | - Jee‐Eun Yang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgerySeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamRepublic of Korea
- Korean Institute of Nonclinical StudySeongnamRepublic of Korea
| | | | - Pham Ngoc Chien
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgerySeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamRepublic of Korea
- Korean Institute of Nonclinical StudySeongnamRepublic of Korea
| | - Linh Thi Thuy Le
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgerySeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamRepublic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical ScienceCollege of MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Ngan‐Giang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgerySeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamRepublic of Korea
- Department of Medical Device DevelopmentCollege of MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Pham Thi Nga
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgerySeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamRepublic of Korea
- Korean Institute of Nonclinical StudySeongnamRepublic of Korea
| | - Sun‐Young Nam
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgerySeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamRepublic of Korea
| | - Chan‐Yeong Heo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgerySeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamRepublic of Korea
- Korean Institute of Nonclinical StudySeongnamRepublic of Korea
- Department of Medical Device DevelopmentCollege of MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
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10
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Lee MK, Jeong HH, Kim MJ, Seo JS, Hwang JY, Jung WK, Moon KM, Lee I, Lee B. The Beneficial Roles of Sargassum spp. in Skin Disorders. J Med Food 2024; 27:359-368. [PMID: 38526569 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.k.0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
As the body's largest organ, the skin is located at the internal and external environment interface, serving as a line of defense against various harmful stressors. Recently, marine-derived physiologically active ingredients have attracted considerable attention in the cosmeceutical industry due to their beneficial effects on skin health. Sargassum, a genus of brown macroalgae, has traditionally been consumed as food and medicine in several countries and is rich in bioactive compounds such as meroterpenoids, sulfated polysaccharides, fucoidan, fucoxanthin, flavonoids, and terpenoids. Sargassum spp. have various beneficial effects on skin disorders. They help with atopic dermatitis by improving skin barrier protection and reducing inflammation. Several species show potential in treating acne by inhibiting bacterial growth and reducing inflammation. Some species, such as Sargassum horneri, demonstrate antiallergic effects by modulating mast cell activity. Certain Sargassum species exhibit anticancer activity by inhibiting tumor growth and promoting apoptosis, and some species help with wound healing by promoting angiogenesis and reducing oxidative stress. Overall, Sargassum spp. demonstrate potential for treating and managing various skin conditions. Therefore, the bioactive compounds of Sargassum spp. may be natural ingredients with a wide range of functional properties for preventing and treating skin disorders. The present review focused on the various biological effects of Sargassum extracts and derived compounds on skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Kyeong Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Hak Jeong
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Myeong-Jin Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Jae Seong Seo
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Ji Young Hwang
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Won-Kyo Jung
- Division of Biomedical Engineering and Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Kyoung Mi Moon
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Incheol Lee
- Department of Ocean Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Bonggi Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
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11
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Murayama Y, Tabuchi M, Utsumi D, Naruse K, Tokuyama K, Ikedo A, Morimasa E, Kato S, Matsumoto K. Role of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 channels in an ovalbumin-induced murine food allergic model. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-02969-0. [PMID: 38396155 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-02969-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of food allergy (FA) has increased worldwide but an effective therapeutic strategy has not been established. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), a mechanosensitive nonselective cation channel, is mainly expressed in the epithelium of various organs. The present study investigated the role of TRPV4 in the pathogenesis of an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced FA model in mice. Wild-type (WT) and TRPV4-deficient (TRPV4KO) mice were sensitized and challenged by OVA to establish FA model. Intestinal tissue samples were processed for biochemical, molecular, and image analyses. Intestinal permeability and antigen uptake assay were conducted using FITC-dextran and OVA-FITC, respectively. TRPV4 was expressed in the colonic epithelium in normal and OVA-treated WT mice. Repeated oral administration of OVA to mice induced systemic allergic symptoms, diarrhea, upregulation of T helper 2 cytokines, OVA-specific immunoglobulin, and FA-related inflammatory cells. These responses were significantly augmented in TRPV4KO mice compared with WT mice. After the induction of FA, the intestinal permeability was significantly increased in TRPV4KO mice compared with WT mice. The expressions of the tight junction protein occludin and adherence junction protein E-cadherin in the colon were significantly lower in TRPV4KO mice compared with WT mice under normal and FA conditions. In addition, the uptake of OVA by CD11c-positive cells was significantly increased in TRPV4KO mice compared with WT mice under FA conditions. These results suggest that epithelial TRPV4 protects against OVA-induced FA symptoms by suppressing the penetration of allergens by maintaining epithelial barrier functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Murayama
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mayumi Tabuchi
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daichi Utsumi
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kei Naruse
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kouga Tokuyama
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ayana Ikedo
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Emina Morimasa
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinichi Kato
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Matsumoto
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan.
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kodo Kyotanabe, Kyoto, 610-0395, Japan.
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12
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Lu HF, Zhou YC, Yang LT, Zhou Q, Wang XJ, Qiu SQ, Cheng BH, Zeng XH. Involvement and repair of epithelial barrier dysfunction in allergic diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1348272. [PMID: 38361946 PMCID: PMC10867171 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1348272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The epithelial barrier serves as a critical defense mechanism separating the human body from the external environment, fulfilling both physical and immune functions. This barrier plays a pivotal role in shielding the body from environmental risk factors such as allergens, pathogens, and pollutants. However, since the 19th century, the escalating threats posed by environmental pollution, global warming, heightened usage of industrial chemical products, and alterations in biodiversity have contributed to a noteworthy surge in allergic disease incidences. Notably, allergic diseases frequently exhibit dysfunction in the epithelial barrier. The proposed epithelial barrier hypothesis introduces a novel avenue for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases. Despite increased attention to the role of barrier dysfunction in allergic disease development, numerous questions persist regarding the mechanisms underlying the disruption of normal barrier function. Consequently, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the epithelial barrier's role in allergic diseases, encompassing influencing factors, assessment techniques, and repair methodologies. By doing so, it seeks to present innovative strategies for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Fei Lu
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang Otolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology, Institute of Otolaryngology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yi-Chi Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Shenzhen Hospital (Longgang), Shenzhen, China
| | - Li-Tao Yang
- Clinical Laboratory Department of The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen & Longgang District People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xi-Jia Wang
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang Otolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology, Institute of Otolaryngology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shu-Qi Qiu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang Otolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology, Institute of Otolaryngology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bao-Hui Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang Otolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology, Institute of Otolaryngology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xian-Hai Zeng
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang Otolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology, Institute of Otolaryngology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
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13
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Lu W, Zhao J, Cai X, Wang Y, Lin W, Fang Y, Wang Y, Ao J, Shou J, Xu J, Zhu S. Cadherin-responsive hydrogel combined with dental pulp stem cells and fibroblast growth factor 21 promotes diabetic scald repair via regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition and necroptosis. Mater Today Bio 2024; 24:100919. [PMID: 38298888 PMCID: PMC10829787 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes causes a loss of sensation in the skin, so diabetics are prone to burns when using heating devices. Diabetic scalded skin is often difficult to heal due to the microenvironment of high glucose, high oxidation, and low blood perfusion. The treatment of diabetic scald mainly focuses on three aspects: 1) promote the formation of the epithelium; 2) promote angiogenesis; and 3) maintain intracellular homeostasis. In response to these three major repair factors, we developed a cadherin-responsive hydrogel combined with FGF21 and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) to accelerate epithelial formation by recruiting cadherin to the epidermis and promoting the transformation of N cadherin to E cadherin; promoting angiogenesis to increase wound blood perfusion; regulating the stability of lysosomal and activating autophagy to maintain intracellular homeostasis in order to comprehensively advance the recovery of diabetic scald.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Xiong Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Yutian Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Wenwei Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Yaoping Fang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Yunyang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Jinglei Ao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Jiahui Shou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Sipin Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
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14
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Chen Z, Dragan M, Sun P, Haensel D, Vu R, Cui L, Shi Y, Dai X. An AhR-Ovol1-Id1 regulatory axis in keratinocytes promotes skin homeostasis against atopic dermatitis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.29.577821. [PMID: 38352592 PMCID: PMC10862726 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.29.577821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Skin is our outer permeability and immune defense barrier against myriad external assaults. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) senses environmental factors and regulates barrier robustness and immune homeostasis. AhR agonist is in clinical trial for atopic dermatitis (AD) treatment, but the underlying mechanism of action remains ill-defined. Here we report OVOL1/Ovol1 as a conserved and direct transcriptional target of AhR in epidermal keratinocytes. We show that OVOL1/Ovol1 impacts AhR regulation of keratinocyte gene expression, and Ovol1 deletion in keratinocytes hampers AhR's barrier promotion function and worsens AD-like inflammation. Mechanistically, we identify Ovol1's direct downstream targets genome-wide, and provide in vivo evidence for Id1's critical role in barrier maintenance and disease suppression. Furthermore, our findings reveal an IL-1/dermal γδT cell axis exacerbating both type 2 and type 3 immune responses downstream of barrier perturbation in Ovol1 -deficient AD skin. Finally, we present data suggesting the clinical relevance of OVOL1 and ID1 function in human AD. Our study highlights a keratinocyte-intrinsic AhR-Ovol1-Id1 regulatory axis that promotes both epidermal and immune homeostasis against AD-like inflammation, implicating new therapeutic targets for AD.
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15
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Davies SP, Ronca V, Wootton GE, Krajewska NM, Bozward AG, Fiancette R, Patten DA, Yankouskaya K, Reynolds GM, Pat S, Osei-Bordom DC, Richardson N, Grover LM, Weston CJ, Oo YH. Expression of E-cadherin by CD8 + T cells promotes their invasion into biliary epithelial cells. Nat Commun 2024; 15:853. [PMID: 38286990 PMCID: PMC10825166 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44910-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The presence of CD8+ T cells in the cytoplasm of biliary epithelial cells (BEC) has been correlated with biliary damage associated with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). Here, we characterise the mechanism of CD8+ T cell invasion into BEC. CD8+ T cells observed within BEC were large, eccentric, and expressed E-cadherin, CD103 and CD69. They were also not contained within secondary vesicles. Internalisation required cytoskeletal rearrangements which facilitated contact with BEC. Internalised CD8+ T cells were observed in both non-cirrhotic and cirrhotic diseased liver tissues but enriched in PBC patients, both during active disease and at the time of transplantation. E-cadherin expression by CD8+ T cells correlated with frequency of internalisation of these cells into BEC. E-cadherin+ CD8+ T cells formed β-catenin-associated interactions with BEC, were larger than E-cadherin- CD8+ T cells and invaded into BEC more frequently. Overall, we unveil a distinct cell-in-cell structure process in the liver detailing the invasion of E-cadherin+ CD103+ CD69+ CD8+ T cells into BEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott P Davies
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Biomedical Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
- National Institute of Health Research Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
- National Institute for Health Research, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
- European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN Rare-Liver), Birmingham, UK.
| | - Vincenzo Ronca
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Biomedical Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- National Institute of Health Research Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN Rare-Liver), Birmingham, UK
| | - Grace E Wootton
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Biomedical Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- National Institute of Health Research Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- National Institute for Health Research, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN Rare-Liver), Birmingham, UK
- Birmingham Advanced Cellular Therapy Facility, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Natalia M Krajewska
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Biomedical Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- National Institute of Health Research Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Amber G Bozward
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Biomedical Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- National Institute of Health Research Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- National Institute for Health Research, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN Rare-Liver), Birmingham, UK
- Birmingham Advanced Cellular Therapy Facility, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rémi Fiancette
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Biomedical Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- National Institute of Health Research Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- National Institute for Health Research, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Daniel A Patten
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Biomedical Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- National Institute of Health Research Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- National Institute for Health Research, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Katharina Yankouskaya
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Biomedical Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- National Institute of Health Research Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Gary M Reynolds
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Biomedical Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- National Institute of Health Research Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sofia Pat
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Biomedical Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- National Institute of Health Research Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Daniel C Osei-Bordom
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Biomedical Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- National Institute of Health Research Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Naomi Richardson
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Biomedical Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- National Institute of Health Research Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- National Institute for Health Research, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN Rare-Liver), Birmingham, UK
- Birmingham Advanced Cellular Therapy Facility, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Liam M Grover
- National Institute of Health Research Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Healthcare Technologies Institute, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Christopher J Weston
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Biomedical Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- National Institute of Health Research Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- National Institute for Health Research, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ye H Oo
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Biomedical Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
- National Institute of Health Research Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
- National Institute for Health Research, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
- European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN Rare-Liver), Birmingham, UK.
- Birmingham Advanced Cellular Therapy Facility, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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16
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Proper SP, Dwyer AT, Appiagyei A, Felton JM, Ben-Baruch Morgenstern N, Marlman JM, Kotliar M, Barski A, Troutman TD, Rothenberg ME, Mersha TB, Azouz NP. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor and IL-13 signaling crosstalk in human keratinocytes and atopic dermatitis. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2024; 5:1323405. [PMID: 38344408 PMCID: PMC10853333 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2024.1323405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an allergic skin disease mediated by skin barrier impairment and IL-13-driven immune response. Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) has shown promise in early clinical trials for AD; however, the mechanism by which AHR partially ameliorates AD is not well known. Methods Gene expression data from human biopsies were analyzed, and compared to gene expression from RNA-sequencing in our in-vitro HaCaT cell model system. Western blot, ELISA qRT-PCR were used to further explore the relationship between AHR and IL-13 signaling in HaCaT cells. Results The AHR target gene CYP1A1 was decreased in lesional skin compared with healthy control skin (p = 4.30 × 10-9). Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) demonstrated increased AHR expression (p < 1.0 × 10-4) and decreased CYP1A1 expression in lesional AD keratinocytes compared with healthy control keratinocytes (p < 0.001). Activation of AHR by AHR agonists in HaCaT cells reversed IL-13-dependent gene expression of several key genes in AD pathogenesis, most notably the eosinophil chemoattractant CCL26 (eotaxin-3). Differentially expressed genes in keratinocytes of patients with AD substantially overlapped with genes regulated by AHR agonists from HaCaT cells by RNAseq, but in reverse direction. Mechanistically, there was evidence for direct transcriptional effects of AHR; AHR binding motifs were identified in the differentially expressed genes from lesional AD keratinocytes compared to control keratinocytes, and AHR activation did not modify IL-13-dependent signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) translocation to the nucleus. Discussion Together, these data suggest that the AHR pathway is dysregulated in AD and that AHR modulates IL-13 downstream signaling in keratinocytes through genome-wide, transcriptional regulatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven P Proper
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Alexander T Dwyer
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Andrews Appiagyei
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Jennifer M Felton
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | | | - Justin M Marlman
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Michael Kotliar
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Artem Barski
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Ty D Troutman
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Marc E Rothenberg
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Tesfaye B Mersha
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Nurit P Azouz
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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17
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Marques-Mejias A, Bartha I, Ciaccio CE, Chinthrajah RS, Chan S, Hershey GKK, Hui-Beckman JW, Kost L, Lack G, Layhadi JA, Leung DYM, Marshall HF, Nadeau KC, Radulovic S, Rajcoomar R, Shamji MH, Sindher S, Brough HA. Skin as the target for allergy prevention and treatment. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2024:S1081-1206(24)00001-2. [PMID: 38253125 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2023.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The fact that genetic and environmental factors could trigger disruption of the epithelial barrier and subsequently initiate a TH2 inflammatory cascade conversely proposes that protecting the same barrier and promoting adequate interactions with other organs, such as the gut, may be crucial for lowering the risk and preventing atopic diseases, particularly, food allergies. In this review, we provide an overview of structural characteristics that support the epithelial barrier hypothesis in patients with atopic dermatitis, including the most relevant filaggrin gene mutations, the recent discovery of the role of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1, and the role involvement of the microbiome in healthy and damaged skin. We present experimental and human studies that support the mechanisms of allergen penetration, particularly the dual allergen exposure and the outside-in, inside-out, and outside-inside-outside hypotheses. We discuss classic skin-targeted therapies for food allergy prevention, including moisturizers, steroids, and topical calcineurin inhibitors, along with pioneering trials proposed to change their current use (Prevention of Allergy via Cutaneous Intervention and Stopping Eczema and ALlergy). We provide an overview of the novel therapies that enhance the skin barrier, such as probiotics and prebiotics topical application, read-through drugs, direct and indirect FLG replacement, and interleukin and janus kinases inhibitors. Last, we discuss the newer strategies for preventing and treating food allergies in the form of epicutaneous immunotherapy and the experimental use of single-dose of adeno-associated virus vector gene immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreina Marques-Mejias
- Department of Women and Children's Health (Paediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Children's Allergy Service, Evelina London, Guy's and St Thomas', NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Irene Bartha
- Department of Women and Children's Health (Paediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Children's Allergy Service, Evelina London, Guy's and St Thomas', NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christina E Ciaccio
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - R Sharon Chinthrajah
- Department of Medicine, and Sean N Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Susan Chan
- Department of Women and Children's Health (Paediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Children's Allergy Service, Evelina London, Guy's and St Thomas', NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gurjit K Khurana Hershey
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | | | - Laurie Kost
- Department of Medicine, and Sean N Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Gideon Lack
- Department of Women and Children's Health (Paediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Children's Allergy Service, Evelina London, Guy's and St Thomas', NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Janice A Layhadi
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Donald Y M Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Hannah F Marshall
- Children's Allergy Service, Evelina London, Guy's and St Thomas', NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Suzana Radulovic
- Department of Women and Children's Health (Paediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Children's Allergy Service, Evelina London, Guy's and St Thomas', NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Reena Rajcoomar
- Department of Medicine, and Sean N Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Mohamed H Shamji
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sayantani Sindher
- Department of Medicine, and Sean N Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Helen A Brough
- Department of Women and Children's Health (Paediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Children's Allergy Service, Evelina London, Guy's and St Thomas', NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
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18
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Jahn M, Lang V, Diehl S, Back R, Kaufmann R, Fauth T, Buerger C. Different immortalized keratinocyte cell lines display distinct capabilities to differentiate and reconstitute an epidermis in vitro. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e14985. [PMID: 38043130 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Dermatological research relies on the availability of suitable models that most accurately reflect the in vivo situation. Primary keratinocytes obtained from skin reduction surgeries are not only limited by availability but have a short lifespan and show donor-specific variations, which hamper the understanding of general mechanisms. The spontaneously immortalized keratinocyte cell line HaCaT displays chromosomal aberrations and is known to differentiate in an abnormal manner. To overcome these issues, we validated different engineered immortalized cell lines created from primary human keratinocytes (NHK) as model systems to study epidermal function. Cell lines either immortalized by the expression of SV40 large T antigen and hTERT (NHK-SV/TERT) or by transduction with HPV E6/E7 (NHK-E6/E7) were analysed for their growth and differentiation behaviour using 2D and 3D culture systems and compared to primary keratinocytes. Both cell lines displayed a robust proliferative behaviour but were still sensitive to contact inhibition. NHK-E6/E7 could be driven into differentiation by Ca2+ switch, while NHK-SV/TERT needed withdrawal from any proliferative signal to initiate a delayed onset of differentiation. In 3D epidermal models both cell lines were able to reconstitute a stratified epidermis and functional epidermal barrier. However, only NHK-E6/E7 showed a degree of epidermal maturation and stratification that was comparable to primary keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Jahn
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Victoria Lang
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sandra Diehl
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Roland Kaufmann
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Claudia Buerger
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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19
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Yang N, Ai X, Cheng K, Wu Y, Lu Z, Liu Z, Guo T, Feng N. A Compound Essential Oil Alters Stratum Corneum Structure, Potentially Promoting the Transdermal Permeation of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Ingredients. Curr Drug Deliv 2024; 21:744-752. [PMID: 36683374 DOI: 10.2174/1567201820666230120122206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The stratum corneum (SC) is the main barrier of the skin, and cosmeceuticals are different from ordinary cosmetics in that they need to deliver active ingredients targeting specific skin problems through the SC into the deeper layers of the skin. Thus, we designed a compound essential oil (CEO) extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge and Cinnamomum cassia Presl, supplemented with borneol to deliver active ingredients through the SC. METHODS The CEO was prepared by flash extraction combined with the microwave method. Moreover, the main components of the CEO were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS). Visualization techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), were used to study the permeationpromoting mechanism of the CEO on the skin. Furthermore, the permeation-promoting effects of the CEO on both hydrophobic and hydrophilic ingredients were tested via in vitro skin penetration experiments and in vivo microdialysis experiments. RESULTS The results indicated the ability of the CEO to alter the structure of the SC, leading to enhanced transdermal permeation of hydrophobic and hydrophilic ingredients. The 1.5% CEO group demonstrated the best permeation-promoting effect compared to the other CEO groups and blank groups (P<0.05). Furthermore, the CEO displayed an expedited permeability-promoting effect on hydrophobic ingredients compared to hydrophilic ingredients. CONCLUSION It is concluded that the prepared CEO can promote the transdermal permeation of hydrophobic and hydrophilic ingredients. This study will provide a reference for the application of the prepared CEO in the development of cosmeceuticals with natural efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Inoherb Cosmetics Co. LTD, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xinyi Ai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Kang Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Inoherb Cosmetics Co. LTD, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yihan Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhi Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Inoherb Cosmetics Co. LTD, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zhenda Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Teng Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Nianping Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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20
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Huang WC, Wu SJ, Yeh KW, Huang TH, Liou CJ. Protective effects of myricetin on airway inflammation and oxidative stress in ovalbumin-induced asthma mice. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 123:109485. [PMID: 37844766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Myricetin, a flavonoid isolated from many edible vegetables and fruits, has multiple biological effects, including anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects. Myricetin could inhibit mast cell degranulation in vitro, and it reduced the eosinophil content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice. However, it remains unclear whether myricetin alleviates airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), airway inflammation, and oxidative stress in asthma. Here, we investigated whether myricetin attenuated AHR, airway inflammation, and eosinophil infiltration in lungs of asthmatic mice. Mice were sensitized with OVA, then injected intraperitoneally with myricetin to investigate anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of myricetin. Moreover, we examined its effects on human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells stimulated with TNF-α and IL-4, in vitro. Myricetin effectively mitigated eosinophil infiltration, AHR, and goblet cell hyperplasia in lung, and it reduced Th2 cytokine expression in BALF from asthmatic mice. Myricetin effectively promoted glutathione and superoxide dismutase productions and mitigated malondialdehyde expressions in mice by promoting Nrf2/HO-1 expression. Myricetin also reduced the production of proinflammatory cytokines, eotaxins, and reactive oxygen species in BEAS-2B cells. Myricetin effectively suppressed ICAM-1 expression in inflammatory BEAS-2B cells, which suppressed monocyte cell adherence. These results suggested that myricetin could effectively improve asthma symptoms, mainly through blocking Th2-cell activation, which reduced oxidative stress, AHR, and airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital (Built and Operated by Chang Gung Medical Foundation), New Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ju Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Yeh
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Hung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.
| | - Chian-Jiun Liou
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
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21
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Hu S, Wang J, Bai H, Feng C, Zhou Z, Xue Z, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Wang N, He L. Secreted phosphoprotein 1 regulates natural compound 3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone to inhibit mast cell-mediated allergic inflammation. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2023; 45:672-681. [PMID: 37339357 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2023.2228478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mast cells (MCs) are important effector cells in anaphylaxis and anaphylactic disease. 3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone (THF) presents in many medicinal plants and exerts a variety of pharmacological effects. In this study, we evaluated the effect of THF on C48/80-induced anaphylaxis and the mechanisms underlying its effects, including the role of secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1), which has not been reported to IgE-independent MC activation. RESULTS THF inhibited C48/80-induced Ca2+ flow and degranulation via the PLCγ/PKC/IP3 pathway in vitro. RNA-seq showed that THF inhibited the expression of SPP1 and downstream molecules. SPP1 is involved in pseudo-anaphylaxis reactions. Silencing SPP1 affects the phosphorylation of AKT and P38. THF suppressed C48/80-induced paw edema, hypothermia and serum histamine, and chemokines release in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our results validated SPP1 is involved in IgE-independent MC activation anaphylactoid reactions. THF inhibited C48/80-mediated anaphylactoid reactions both in vivo and in vitro, suppressed calcium mobilization and inhibited SPP1-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiling Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jue Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haoyun Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chaohua Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhenqi Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhuoyin Xue
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongjing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Nan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Langchong He
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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22
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Hui-Beckman JW, Leung DYM. Physical influences on the skin barrier and pathogenesis of allergy. Curr Opin Pediatr 2023; 35:656-662. [PMID: 37650580 DOI: 10.1097/mop.0000000000001289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW As the incidence of allergic conditions has increased in recent decades, the effects of climate change have been implicated. There is also increased knowledge on the effects of other physical influences, such as scratching and Staphylococcus aureus . The skin barrier is the first line of defense to the external environment, so understanding the ways that these factors influence skin barrier dysfunction is important. RECENT FINDINGS Although the impact on environmental exposures has been well studied in asthma and other allergic disorders, there is now more literature on the effects of temperature, air pollution, and detergents on the skin barrier. Factors that cause skin barrier dysfunction include extreme temperatures, air pollution (including greenhouse gases and particulate matter), wildfire smoke, pollen, scratching, S. aureus, and detergents. SUMMARY Understanding the ways that external insults affect the skin barrier is important to further understand the mechanisms in order to inform the medical community on treatment and prevention measures for atopic conditions.
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23
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Hui-Beckman JW, Goleva E, Leung DYM, Kim BE. The impact of temperature on the skin barrier and atopic dermatitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2023; 131:713-719. [PMID: 37595740 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is a global threat to public health and causes or worsens various diseases including atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic, infectious, cardiovascular diseases, physical injuries, and mental disorders. The incidence of allergy, such as AD, has increased over the past several decades, and environmental factors such as climate change have been implicated as a potential mechanism. A substantial amount of literature has been published on the impact of climate factors, including cold and hot temperatures, on the skin barrier and AD. Studies in several countries have found a greater incidence of AD in children born in the colder seasons of fall and winter. The effect of cold and warm temperatures on itch, skin flares, increased outpatient visits, skin barrier dysfunction, development of AD, and asthma exacerbations have been reported. Understanding mechanisms by which changes in temperature influence allergies is critical to the development of measures for the prevention and treatment of allergic disorders, such as AD and asthma. Low and high temperatures induce the production of proinflammatory cytokines and lipid mediators such as interleukin-1β, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, and prostaglandin E2, and cause itch and flares by activation of TRPVs such as TRPV1, TRPV3, and TRPV4. TRPV antagonists may attenuate temperature-mediated itch, skin barrier dysfunction, and exacerbation of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Goleva
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Donald Y M Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado.
| | - Byung Eui Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
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24
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Baur R, Kashon M, Lukomska E, Weatherly LM, Shane HL, Anderson SE. Exposure to the anti-microbial chemical triclosan disrupts keratinocyte function and skin integrity in a model of reconstructed human epidermis. J Immunotoxicol 2023; 20:1-11. [PMID: 36524471 PMCID: PMC10364087 DOI: 10.1080/1547691x.2022.2148781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Triclosan is an anti-microbial chemical incorporated into products that are applied to the skin of healthcare workers. Exposure to triclosan has previously been shown to be associated with allergic disease in humans and impact the immune responses in animal models. Additionally, studies have shown that exposure to triclosan dermally activates the NLRP3 inflammasome and disrupts the skin barrier integrity in mice. The skin is the largest organ of the body and plays an important role as a physical barrier and regulator of the immune system. Alterations in the barrier and immune regulatory functions of the skin have been demonstrated to increase the risk of sensitization and development of allergic disease. In this study, the impact of triclosan exposure on the skin barrier and keratinocyte function was investigated using a model of reconstructed human epidermis. The apical surface of reconstructed human epidermis was exposed to triclosan (0.05-0.2%) once for 6, 24, or 48 h or daily for 5 consecutive days. Exposure to triclosan increased epidermal permeability and altered the expression of genes involved in formation of the skin barrier. Additionally, exposure to triclosan altered the expression patterns of several cytokines and growth factors. Together, these results suggest that exposure to triclosan impacts skin barrier integrity and function of human keratinocytes and suggests that these alterations may impact immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Baur
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Michael Kashon
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Ewa Lukomska
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Lisa M. Weatherly
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Hillary L. Shane
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Stacey E. Anderson
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
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25
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Huang WC, Wu SJ, Hsu FW, Fang LW, Liou CJ. Mulberroside F improves airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation in asthmatic mice. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2023; 39:1213-1221. [PMID: 37819590 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Mulberroside F is isolated from the leaves and roots of Morus alba L. Here, we investigated whether mulberroside F could alleviate airway inflammation and eosinophil infiltration in the lungs of asthmatic mice. We also examined whether mulberroside F attenuated inflammatory responses in human tracheal epithelial BEAS-2B cells. Female BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA), and administered different doses of mulberroside F via intraperitoneal injection. Additionally, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated BEAS-2B cells were treated with various doses of mulberroside F, followed by detection of the expressions of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. The results demonstrated that mulberroside F mitigated the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and CCL11, in inflammatory BEAS-2B cells. Mulberroside F also suppressed reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and ICAM-1 expression in TNF-α-stimulated BEAS-2B cells, which effectively suppressed monocyte cell adherence. In an animal model of asthma, mulberroside F treatment attenuated airway hyperresponsiveness, eosinophil infiltration, and goblet cell hyperplasia. Mulberroside F treatment also decreased lung fibrosis and airway inflammation in OVA-sensitized mice. Moreover, mulberroside F significantly reduced expressions of Th2-associated cytokines (including interleukin(IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid compared to OVA-sensitized mice. Our results confirmed that mulberroside F is a novel bioactive compound that can effectively reduce airway inflammation and eosinophil infiltration in asthmatic mice via inhibition of Th2-cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital (Built and Operated by Chang Gung Medical Foundation), New Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ju Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Wen Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wen Fang
- Department of Nutrition, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Jiun Liou
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
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26
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Sivakumar A, Sharma R, Thota C, Ding D, Fan X. WASP: Wearable Analytical Skin Probe for Dynamic Monitoring of Transepidermal Water Loss. ACS Sens 2023; 8:4407-4416. [PMID: 37953512 PMCID: PMC10683758 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Early diagnosis of skin barrier dysfunction helps provide timely preventive care against diseases such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, food allergies, and other atopic skin disorders. Skin barrier function is commonly evaluated by measuring the transepidermal water loss (TEWL) through stratum corneum due to its noninvasive characteristics. However, existing commercial TEWL devices are significantly affected by many factors, such as ambient temperature, humidity, air flow, water accumulation, initial water contents on the skin surface, bulky sizes, high costs, and requirements for well-controlled environments. Here, we developed a wearable closed-chamber hygrometer-based TEWL device (Wearable Analytical Skin Probe, WASP) and the related algorithm for accurate and continuous monitoring of skin water vapor flux. The WASP uses short dry air purges to dry the skin surface and chamber before each water vapor flux measurement. Its design ensures a highly controlled local environment, such as consistent initial dry conditions for the skin surface and the chamber. We further applied WASP to measure the water vapor flux from six different locations of a small group of human participants. It is found that the WASP can not only measure and distinguish between insensible sweating (i.e., TEWL) and sensible sweating (i.e., thermal sweating) but also track skin dehydration-rehydration cycles. Comparisons with a commercial TEWL device, AquaFlux, show that the results obtained by both devices agree well. The WASP will be broadly applicable to clinical, cosmetic, and biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali
Devi Sivakumar
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Center
for Wireless Integrated MicroSensing and Systems (WIMS2), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Max
Harry Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Ruchi Sharma
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Center
for Wireless Integrated MicroSensing and Systems (WIMS2), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Max
Harry Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Chandrakalavathi Thota
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Center
for Wireless Integrated MicroSensing and Systems (WIMS2), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Max
Harry Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Ding Ding
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Xudong Fan
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Center
for Wireless Integrated MicroSensing and Systems (WIMS2), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Max
Harry Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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27
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Ohno Y, Nakamura T, Iwasaki T, Katsuyama A, Ichikawa S, Kihara A. Determining the structure of protein-bound ceramides, essential lipids for skin barrier function. iScience 2023; 26:108248. [PMID: 37965138 PMCID: PMC10641502 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein-bound ceramides, specialized ceramides covalently bound to corneocyte surface proteins, are essential for skin permeability barrier function. However, their exact structure and target amino acid residues are unknown. Here, we found that epoxy-enone (EE) ceramides, precursors of protein-bound ceramides, as well as their synthetic analog, formed stable conjugates only with Cys among nucleophilic amino acids. NMR spectroscopy revealed that the β-carbon of the enone was attached by the thiol group of Cys via a Michael addition reaction. We confirmed the presence of Cys-bound EE ceramides in mouse epidermis by mass spectrometry analysis of protease-digested epidermis samples. EE ceramides were reversibly released from protein-bound ceramides via sulfoxide elimination. We found that protein-bound ceramides with reversible release properties accounted for approximately 60% of total protein-bound ceramides, indicating that Cys-bound EE ceramides are the predominant protein-bound ceramides. Our findings provide clues to the molecular mechanism of skin barrier formation by protein-bound ceramides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Ohno
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12-jo, Nishi 6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Nakamura
- Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12-jo, Nishi 6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Takafumi Iwasaki
- Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12-jo, Nishi 6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Akira Katsuyama
- Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12-jo, Nishi 6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ichikawa
- Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12-jo, Nishi 6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Akio Kihara
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12-jo, Nishi 6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
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Fernandes B, Alves S, Schmidt V, Bizarro AF, Pinto M, Pereira H, Marto J, Lourenço AM. Primary Prevention of Canine Atopic Dermatitis: Breaking the Cycle-A Narrative Review. Vet Sci 2023; 10:659. [PMID: 37999481 PMCID: PMC10674681 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10110659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Canine atopic dermatitis (cAD) is a common and distressing skin condition in dogs, affecting up to 30% of the canine population. It not only impacts their quality of life but also that of their owners. Like human atopic dermatitis (hAD), cAD has a complex pathogenesis, including genetic and environmental factors. Current treatments focus on managing clinical signs, but they can be costly and have limitations. This article emphasizes the importance of preventing cAD from developing in the first place. Understanding the role of the skin's protective barrier is crucial, as its dysfunction plays a vital role in both hAD and cAD. hAD prevention studies have shown promising results in enhancing the skin barrier, but more research is needed to support more robust conclusions. While hAD primary prevention is currently a focal point of intensive investigation in human medicine, research on cAD primary prevention remains under-researched and almost non-existent. Pioneering effective prevention strategies for cAD holds immense potential to enhance the quality of life for both dogs and their owners. Additionally, it bears the promise of a translational impact on human research. Hence, further exploration of this crucial topic is not only relevant but also timely and imperative, warranting support and encouragement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Fernandes
- CIISA—Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
- Research Institute for Medicine (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-277 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Susana Alves
- CIISA—Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Schmidt
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GH, UK
| | - Ana Filipa Bizarro
- CIISA—Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
- Research Institute for Medicine (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-277 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marta Pinto
- CIISA—Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
- Research Institute for Medicine (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-277 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Hugo Pereira
- CIISA—Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana Marto
- Research Institute for Medicine (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-277 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Mafalda Lourenço
- CIISA—Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
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Czyz CM, Kunth PW, Gruber F, Kremslehner C, Hammers CM, Hundt JE. Requisite instruments for the establishment of three-dimensional epidermal human skin equivalents-A methods review. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:1870-1883. [PMID: 37605856 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Human skin equivalents (HSEs) are three-dimensional skin organ culture models raised in vitro. This review gives an overview of common techniques for setting up HSEs. The HSE consists of an artificial dermis and epidermis. 3T3-J2 murine fibroblasts, purchased human fibroblasts or freshly isolated and cultured fibroblasts, together with other components, for example, collagen type I, are used to build the scaffold. Freshly isolated and cultured keratinocytes are seeded on top. It is possible to add other cell types, for example, melanocytes, to the HSE-depending on the research question. After several days and further steps, the 3D skin can be harvested. Additionally, we show possible markers and techniques for evaluation of artificial skin. Furthermore, we provide a comparison of HSEs to human skin organ culture, a model which employs human donor skin. We outline advantages and limitations of both models and discuss future perspectives in using HSEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christianna Marie Czyz
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology (LIED), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Paul Werner Kunth
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology (LIED), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Florian Gruber
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Skin Multimodal Analytical Imaging of Aging and Senescence - SKINMAGINE, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christopher Kremslehner
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Skin Multimodal Analytical Imaging of Aging and Senescence - SKINMAGINE, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Matthias Hammers
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology (LIED), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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Moran MC, Brewer MG, Schlievert PM, Beck LA. S. aureus virulence factors decrease epithelial barrier function and increase susceptibility to viral infection. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0168423. [PMID: 37737609 PMCID: PMC10581065 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01684-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Individuals with atopic dermatitis (AD) are highly colonized by Staphylococcus aureus and are more susceptible to severe viral complications. We hypothesized that S. aureus secreted virulence factors may alter keratinocyte biology to enhance viral susceptibility through disruption of the skin barrier, impaired keratinocyte differentiation, and/or inflammation. To address this hypothesis, human keratinocytes were exposed to conditioned media from multiple S. aureus strains that vary in virulence factor production (USA300, HG003, and RN4220) or select purified virulence factors. We have identified the S. aureus enterotoxin-like superantigen SElQ, as a virulence factor of interest, since it is highly produced by USA300 and was detected on the skin of 53% of AD subjects (n = 72) in a study conducted by our group. Treatment with USA300 conditioned media or purified SElQ resulted in a significant increase in keratinocyte susceptibility to infection with vaccinia virus, and also significantly decreased barrier function. Importantly, we have previously demonstrated that keratinocyte differentiation influences susceptibility to viral infection, and our qPCR observations indicated that USA300 S. aureus and SElQ alter differentiation in keratinocytes. CRISPR/Cas9 was used to knock out CD40, a potential enterotoxin receptor on epithelial cells. We found that CD40 expression on keratinocytes was not completely necessary for SElQ-mediated responses, as measured by proinflammatory cytokine expression and barrier function. Together, these findings support that select S. aureus virulence factors, particularly SElQ, enhance the susceptibility of epidermal cells to viral infection, which may contribute to the increased cutaneous infections observed in individuals with AD. IMPORTANCE Staphylococcus aureus skin colonization and infection are frequently observed in individuals with atopic dermatitis. Many S. aureus strains belong to the clonal group USA300, and these strains produce superantigens including the staphylococcal enterotoxin-like Q (SElQ). Our studies highlight that SElQ may play a key role by altering keratinocyte differentiation and reducing barrier function; collectively, this may explain the AD-specific enhanced infection risk to cutaneous viruses. It is unclear what receptor mediates SElQ's effects on keratinocytes. We have shown that one putative surface receptor, CD40, was not critical for its effects on proinflammatory cytokine production or barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary C. Moran
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Matthew G. Brewer
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | | | - Lisa A. Beck
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
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Ren Y, Wu Q, Liu C, Zhang J, Wang Z, Li Y, Zhang Y. Discovery of a traditional Chinese herbal combination for the treatment of atopic dermatitis: saposhnikoviae radix, astragali radix and cnidium monnieri. Arch Dermatol Res 2023; 315:1953-1970. [PMID: 36862182 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-023-02575-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a skin disease characterized by pruritus. The present study aimed to discover a herbal combination with anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory activities to treat AD. First, the anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory activities of herbs were evaluated by RBL-2H3 degranulation and HaCaT inflammatory models. Subsequently, the optimal proportion of herbs was determined by uniform design-response surface methodology. The effectiveness and synergistic mechanism was further verified. Cnidium monnieri (CM) suppressed β-hexosaminidase (β-HEX) release, saposhnikoviae radix (SR), astragali radix (AR), and CM inhibited the release of IL-8 and MCP-1. The optimal proportion of herbs was SR∶AR∶CM = 1: 2: 1. The in vivo experiments results indicated that the topical application of combination at high (2 ×) and low (1 ×) doses improved dermatitis score and epidermal thickness, and attenuated mast cell infiltration. Network pharmacology and molecular biology further clarified that the combination resisted AD by regulating the MAPK, JAK signaling pathways, and the downstream cytokines such as IL-6, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-10, and MCP-1. Overall, the herbal combination could inhibit inflammation and allergy, improving AD-like symptoms. The present study discovers a promising herbal combination, worthy of further development as a therapeutic drug for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ren
- Key Laboratory of TCM-Information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Key Laboratory of TCM-Information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Chaoqun Liu
- Key Laboratory of TCM-Information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Jianing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of TCM-Information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Zian Wang
- Key Laboratory of TCM-Information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Yingying Li
- Key Laboratory of TCM-Information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Yanling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of TCM-Information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China.
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Locke A, Hung L, Upton JEM, O'Mahony L, Hoang J, Eiwegger T. An update on recent developments and highlights in food allergy. Allergy 2023; 78:2344-2360. [PMID: 37087637 DOI: 10.1111/all.15749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
While both the incidence and general awareness of food allergies is increasing, the variety and clinical availability of therapeutics remain limited. Therefore, investigations into the potential factors contributing to the development of food allergy (FA) and the mechanisms of natural tolerance or induced desensitization are required. In addition, a detailed understanding of the pathophysiology of food allergies is needed to generate compelling, enduring, and safe treatment options. New findings regarding the contribution of barrier function, the effect of emollient interventions, mechanisms of allergen recognition, and the contributions of specific immune cell subsets through rodent models and human clinical studies provide novel insights. With the first approved treatment for peanut allergy, the clinical management of FA is evolving toward less intensive, alternative approaches involving fixed doses, lower maintenance dose targets, coadministration of biologicals, adjuvants, and tolerance-inducing formulations. The ultimate goal is to improve immunotherapy and develop precision-based medicine via risk phenotyping allowing optimal treatment for each food-allergic patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arielle Locke
- School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Lisa Hung
- Translational Medicine Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Immunology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julia E M Upton
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, SickKids Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, APC Microbiome Ireland, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - Jennifer Hoang
- Translational Medicine Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas Eiwegger
- Translational Medicine Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Immunology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital St. Pölten, St. Pölten, Austria
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Petalas K, Goudakos J, Konstantinou GN. Targeting Epithelium Dysfunction and Impaired Nasal Biofilms to Treat Immunological, Functional, and Structural Abnormalities of Chronic Rhinosinusitis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12379. [PMID: 37569753 PMCID: PMC10419026 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with (CRSwNP) or without (CRSsNP) nasal polyps is a prevalent and heterogeneous disorder existing as a spectrum of clinical conditions with complex underlying pathomechanisms. CRS comprises a broad syndrome characterized by multiple immunological features involving complex interactions between the genes, the microbiome, host- and microbiota-derived exosomes, the epithelial barrier, and environmental and micromilieu exposures. The main pathophysiological feature is an epithelial barrier disruption, accompanied by microbiome alterations and unpredictable and multifactorial immunologic overreactions. Extrinsic pathogens and irritants interact with multiple epithelial receptors, which show distinct expression patterns, activate numerous signaling pathways, and lead to diverse antipathogen responses. CRSsNP is mainly characterized by fibrosis and mild inflammation and is often associated with Th1 or Th17 immunological profiles. CRSwNP appears to be associated with moderate or severe type 2 (T2) or Th2 eosinophilic inflammation. The diagnosis is based on clinical, endoscopic, and imaging findings. Possible CRS biomarkers from the peripheral blood, nasal secretions, tissue biopsies, and nasally exhaled air are studied to subgroup different CRS endotypes. The primary goal of CRS management is to maintain clinical control by nasal douching with isotonic or hypertonic saline solutions, administration of nasal and systemic steroids, antibiotics, biologic agents, or, in persistent and more severe cases, appropriate surgical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Goudakos
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 424 General Military Training Hospital, 56429 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - George N. Konstantinou
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 424 General Military Training Hospital, Dorilaiou 10, Kalamaria, 55133 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Kerob D, Czermanska A, Karamon EM, Moga A, Lecerf G, Nioré M, Le Dantec G, Le Floc’h C, Tan J. A Dermocosmetic Significantly Reduces the Frequency and Intensity of Facial Skin Intolerability and Sensitivity in Subjects with Skin Intolerant to Skin Care Products and Sensitive Skin. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2023; 16:1787-1794. [PMID: 37456802 PMCID: PMC10349597 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s418483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Intolerance to dermocosmetics is frequent in subjects with allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). A dermocosmetic (DC) was developed to restore the natural skin barrier, to reduce skin inflammation and to improve sensitive skin in ACD. Objective To assess the benefit of a DC in subjects with an allergic background and intolerance to cosmetic care, or with sensitive skin. Materials and Methods In this open-label study, 107 subjects above 16 years of age applied DC on the face twice a day for 28 days. Assessments at Days 0, 14 and 28, included skin sensitivity, stinging test, local tolerance, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin hydration, inflammatory biomarkers (IL-1α, IL-1RA, PGE2) using tape stripping and subject satisfaction. Results 88% were women and mean age was 42.0±15.0 years. Skin sensitivity at inclusion scored 5.9±0.35; 46% had ACD, 95% skin irritation, 92% sensitive skin and 88% intolerance to cosmetics. A significant (p<0.0001) 85% decrease of frequency and intensity of the composite score was observed at both endpoints. Stinging scores significantly (p<0.0001) decreased from 3.9 at baseline to 2.4 at Day 14 and 1.4 at Day 28; 77% and 81% of subjects reported improved skin reactivity at Day 14 and Day 28, respectively. Similar improvements were noted in the frequency and intensity of irritation, erythema, stinging, burning and discomfort. TEWL, skin hydration and inflammatory biomarker levels significantly (p<0.0001) improved. Overall subject satisfaction (85%) and tolerance (investigators: 99%, subjects: 97%) were high. Conclusion DC significantly reduced the frequency and intensity of facial skin intolerability and sensitivity in subjects with skin intolerant to skin care products. Clinicaltrialsgov Identifier NCT05487937.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Kerob
- Scientific Direction, La Roche-Posay Laboratoire Dermatologique, Levallois-Perret, France
| | | | | | - Alain Moga
- QIMA Bioalternatives - Prologue Biotech, Labège, France
| | | | - Margot Nioré
- Scientific Direction, La Roche-Posay Laboratoire Dermatologique, Levallois-Perret, France
| | - Guénaëlle Le Dantec
- Scientific Direction, La Roche-Posay Laboratoire Dermatologique, Levallois-Perret, France
| | - Caroline Le Floc’h
- Scientific Direction, La Roche-Posay Laboratoire Dermatologique, Levallois-Perret, France
| | - Jerry Tan
- Western University, Department of Medicine and Windsor Clinical Research Inc, Windsor, ON, Canada
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Goleva E. Predicting the future: Early-life biomarkers of atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 151:1479-1480. [PMID: 37286272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Goleva
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo.
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Wang Y, Wang X, Luo Y, Zhang J, Lin Y, Wu J, Zeng B, Liu L, Yan P, Liang J, Guo H, Jin L, Tang Q, Long K, Li M. Spatio-temporal transcriptome dynamics coordinate rapid transition of core crop functions in 'lactating' pigeon. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010746. [PMID: 37289658 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Pigeons (Columba livia) are among a select few avian species that have developed a specialized reproductive mode wherein the parents produce a 'milk' in their crop to feed newborn squabs. Nonetheless, the transcriptomic dynamics and role in the rapid transition of core crop functions during 'lactation' remain largely unexplored. Here, we generated a de novo pigeon genome assembly to construct a high resolution spatio-temporal transcriptomic landscape of the crop epithelium across the entire breeding stage. This multi-omics analysis identified a set of 'lactation'-related genes involved in lipid and protein metabolism, which contribute to the rapid functional transitions in the crop. Analysis of in situ high-throughput chromatin conformation capture (Hi-C) sequencing revealed extensive reorganization of promoter-enhancer interactions linked to the dynamic expression of these 'lactation'-related genes between stages. Moreover, their expression is spatially localized in specific epithelial layers, and can be correlated with phenotypic changes in the crop. These results illustrate the preferential de novo synthesis of 'milk' lipids and proteins in the crop, and provides candidate enhancer loci for further investigation of the regulatory elements controlling pigeon 'lactation'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Wang
- Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun Wang
- Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaman Zhang
- Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Lin
- Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Zeng
- Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peiqi Yan
- Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiyuan Liang
- Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongrui Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Long Jin
- Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianzi Tang
- Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Keren Long
- Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingzhou Li
- Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Lebtig M, Scheurer J, Muenkel M, Becker J, Bastounis E, Peschel A, Kretschmer D. Keratinocytes use FPR2 to detect Staphylococcus aureus and initiate antimicrobial skin defense. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1188555. [PMID: 37325619 PMCID: PMC10264695 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1188555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Keratinocytes form a multilayer barrier that protects the skin from invaders or injuries. The barrier function of keratinocytes is in part mediated by the production of inflammatory modulators that promote immune responses and wound healing. Skin commensals and pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus secrete high amounts of phenol-soluble modulin (PSM) peptides, agonists of formyl-peptide receptor 2 (FPR2). FPR2 is crucial for the recruitment of neutrophils to the sites of infection, and it can influence inflammation. FPR1 and FPR2 are also expressed by keratinocytes but the consequences of FPR activation in skin cells have remained unknown. Methods Since an inflammatory environment influences S. aureus colonization, e. g. in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), we hypothesized that interference with FPRs may alter keratinocyte-induced inflammation, proliferation, and bacterial colonization of the skin. To assess this hypothesis, we investigated the effects of FPR activation and inhibition in keratinocytes with respect to chemokine and cytokine release as well as proliferation and skin wound gap closure. Results We observed that FPR activation induces the release of IL-8, IL-1α and promotes keratinocyte proliferation in a FPR-dependent manner. To elucidate the consequence of FPR modulation on skin colonization, we used an AD-simulating S. aureus skin colonization mouse model using wild-type (WT) or Fpr2-/- mice and demonstrate that inflammation enhances the eradication of S. aureus from the skin in a FPR2-dependent way. Consistently, inhibition of FPR2 in the mouse model or in human keratinocytes as well as human skin explants promoted S. aureus colonization. Discussion Our data indicate that FPR2 ligands promote inflammation and keratinocyte proliferation in a FPR2-dependent manner, which is necessary for eliminating S. aureus during skin colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Lebtig
- Department first: Infection Biology, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence EXC 2124 Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jasmin Scheurer
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marie Muenkel
- Cluster of Excellence EXC 2124 Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Janna Becker
- Department first: Infection Biology, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence EXC 2124 Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Effie Bastounis
- Cluster of Excellence EXC 2124 Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Peschel
- Department first: Infection Biology, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence EXC 2124 Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dorothee Kretschmer
- Department first: Infection Biology, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence EXC 2124 Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Hua C, Liang Q, Chen S, Zhu J, Tang Y, Chen X, Song Y, van der Veen S, Cheng H. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell treatment alleviates symptoms in an atopic dermatitis-like mouse model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:147. [PMID: 37248497 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03365-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common immune and inflammatory skin disorders, leading to insufferable itching and skin abnormalities that seriously affect life quality of patients. There are still huge unmet needs for long-term and effective disease control, despite currently available therapies. Evidenced by some preclinical and clinical studies of AD treatment with stem cells, stem cell treatment could significantly and effectively ameliorate AD symptoms. OBJECTIVES To elucidate underlying mechanisms of how stem cells therapy alleviates AD-like symptoms. METHODS An AD-like mouse model was constructed and treated with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) subcutaneously or subcutaneously combined with intravenously. The differentially expressed genes were sorted out from RNA sequencing results of dorsal skin and blood. RESULTS Two injection routes of MSCs could alleviate AD-like symptoms and pathologic changes of the skin and immune organs. RNA sequencing of dorsal skin sections and blood provided gene expression signatures for amelioration of skin defects, inflammatory and immune modulation by MSCs, as well as common AD molecular markers for the skin and blood, which may benefit for clinical diagnosis. IL-1β and its signaling pathway were specifically found to be associated with the development of AD-like dermatitis lesions. MSC treatment effectively inhibited the JAK-STAT pathway and receptors of IL-4, IL-13, IL-17, and IgE. CONCLUSIONS MSC therapy could regulate abnormal immune and inflammatory status in AD. Mechanistic exploration will contribute to the development of personalized AD treatment based on MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunting Hua
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qichang Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Siji Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianzhen Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinjing Song
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Stijn van der Veen
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Microbiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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39
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Alladina J, Smith NP, Kooistra T, Slowikowski K, Kernin IJ, Deguine J, Keen HL, Manakongtreecheep K, Tantivit J, Rahimi RA, Sheng SL, Nguyen ND, Haring AM, Giacona FL, Hariri LP, Xavier RJ, Luster AD, Villani AC, Cho JL, Medoff BD. A human model of asthma exacerbation reveals transcriptional programs and cell circuits specific to allergic asthma. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eabq6352. [PMID: 37146132 PMCID: PMC10440046 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abq6352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic disease most commonly associated with allergy and type 2 inflammation. However, the mechanisms that link airway inflammation to the structural changes that define asthma are incompletely understood. Using a human model of allergen-induced asthma exacerbation, we compared the lower airway mucosa in allergic asthmatics and allergic non-asthmatic controls using single-cell RNA sequencing. In response to allergen, the asthmatic airway epithelium was highly dynamic and up-regulated genes involved in matrix degradation, mucus metaplasia, and glycolysis while failing to induce injury-repair and antioxidant pathways observed in controls. IL9-expressing pathogenic TH2 cells were specific to asthmatic airways and were only observed after allergen challenge. Additionally, conventional type 2 dendritic cells (DC2 that express CD1C) and CCR2-expressing monocyte-derived cells (MCs) were uniquely enriched in asthmatics after allergen, with up-regulation of genes that sustain type 2 inflammation and promote pathologic airway remodeling. In contrast, allergic controls were enriched for macrophage-like MCs that up-regulated tissue repair programs after allergen challenge, suggesting that these populations may protect against asthmatic airway remodeling. Cellular interaction analyses revealed a TH2-mononuclear phagocyte-basal cell interactome unique to asthmatics. These pathogenic cellular circuits were characterized by type 2 programming of immune and structural cells and additional pathways that may sustain and amplify type 2 signals, including TNF family signaling, altered cellular metabolism, failure to engage antioxidant responses, and loss of growth factor signaling. Our findings therefore suggest that pathogenic effector circuits and the absence of proresolution programs drive structural airway disease in response to type 2 inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jehan Alladina
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Neal P. Smith
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tristan Kooistra
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kamil Slowikowski
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Isabela J. Kernin
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jacques Deguine
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Henry L. Keen
- Iowa Institute of Human Genetics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kasidet Manakongtreecheep
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica Tantivit
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rod A. Rahimi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susan L. Sheng
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nhan D. Nguyen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexis M. Haring
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Francesca L. Giacona
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lida P. Hariri
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ramnik J. Xavier
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew D. Luster
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexandra-Chloé Villani
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Josalyn L. Cho
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Occupational Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Benjamin D. Medoff
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Sassa T, Kihara A. Involvement of ω-O-acylceramides and protein-bound ceramides in oral permeability barrier formation. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112363. [PMID: 37054712 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The permeability barrier present in the oral cavity is critical for protection from infection. Although lipids have properties suitable for permeability barrier formation, little is known about their role in oral barrier formation. Here, we show the presence of ω-O-acylceramides (acylceramides) and protein-bound ceramides, which are essential for the formation of permeability barriers in the epidermis, in the oral mucosae (buccal and tongue mucosae), esophagus, and stomach in mice. Conditional knockout of the fatty acid elongase Elovl1, which is involved in the synthesis of ≥C24 ceramides including acylceramides and protein-bound ceramides, in the oral mucosae and esophagus causes increased pigment penetration into the mucosal epithelium of the tongue and enhanced aversive responses to capsaicin-containing water. We find acylceramides in the buccal and gingival mucosae and protein-bound ceramides in the gingival mucosa in humans. These results indicate that acylceramides and protein-bound ceramides are important for oral permeability barrier formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Sassa
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.
| | - Akio Kihara
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.
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41
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Zhang L, Piipponen M, Liu Z, Li D, Bian X, Niu G, Geara J, Toma MA, Sommar P, Xu Landén N. Human skin specific long noncoding RNA HOXC13-AS regulates epidermal differentiation by interfering with Golgi-ER retrograde transport. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:1334-1348. [PMID: 36869179 PMCID: PMC10154349 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01142-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
After a skin injury, keratinocytes switch from a state of homeostasis to one of regeneration leading to the reconstruction of the epidermal barrier. The regulatory mechanism of gene expression underpinning this key switch during human skin wound healing is enigmatic. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) constitute a new horizon in the understanding of the regulatory programs encoded in the mammalian genome. By comparing the transcriptome of an acute human wound and skin from the same donor as well as keratinocytes isolated from these paired tissue samples, we generated a list of lncRNAs showing changed expression in keratinocytes during wound repair. Our study focused on HOXC13-AS, a recently evolved human lncRNA specifically expressed in epidermal keratinocytes, and we found that its expression was temporally downregulated during wound healing. In line with its enrichment in suprabasal keratinocytes, HOXC13-AS was found to be increasingly expressed during keratinocyte differentiation, but its expression was reduced by EGFR signaling. After HOXC13-AS knockdown or overexpression in human primary keratinocytes undergoing differentiation induced by cell suspension or calcium treatment and in organotypic epidermis, we found that HOXC13-AS promoted keratinocyte differentiation. Moreover, RNA pull-down assays followed by mass spectrometry and RNA immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that mechanistically HOXC13-AS sequestered the coat complex subunit alpha (COPA) protein and interfered with Golgi-to-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) molecular transport, resulting in ER stress and enhanced keratinocyte differentiation. In summary, we identified HOXC13-AS as a crucial regulator of human epidermal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letian Zhang
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Minna Piipponen
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhuang Liu
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dongqing Li
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden.,Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaowei Bian
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Guanglin Niu
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jennifer Geara
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria A Toma
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pehr Sommar
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ning Xu Landén
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine, Stockholm Node, Karolinska Institutet, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden.
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42
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Yin H, Hu M, Li D. Regulation of epidermal stratification and development by basal keratinocytes. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:742-748. [PMID: 36815398 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
The epidermis is a stratified squamous epithelium distributed in the outermost layer of the skin and is intimately involved in the formation of a physical barrier to pathogens. Basal keratinocytes possess the properties of stem cells and play an essential role in epidermal development and skin damage recovery. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanism of how basal keratinocytes participate in epidermal development and stratification is vital for preventing and treating skin lesions. During epidermal morphogenesis, the symmetric division of basal keratinocytes contributes to the extension of skin tissues, while their asymmetric division and migration facilitate epidermal stratification. In this review, we summarize the process of epidermal stratification and illustrate the molecular mechanisms underlying epidermal morphogenesis. Furthermore, we discuss the coordination of multiple signaling pathways and transcription factors in epidermal stratification, together with the roles of cell polarity and cell dynamics during the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingzheng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dengwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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43
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Hulme J. Staphylococcus Infection: Relapsing Atopic Dermatitis and Microbial Restoration. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020222. [PMID: 36830133 PMCID: PMC9952585 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic Dermatitis (AD) skin is susceptible to Staphylococcus aureus (SA) infection, potentially exposing it to a plethora of toxins and virulent determinants, including Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) (α-hemolysin (Hla) and phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs)), and superantigens. Depending on the degree of infection (superficial or invasive), clinical treatments may encompass permanganate (aq) and bleach solutions coupled with intravenous/oral antibiotics such as amoxicillin, vancomycin, doxycycline, clindamycin, daptomycin, telavancin, linezolid, or tigecycline. However, when the skin is significantly traumatized (sheathing of epidermal sections), an SA infection can rapidly ensue, impairing the immune system, and inducing local and systemic AD presentations in susceptible areas. Furthermore, when AD presents systemically, desensitization can be long (years) and intertwined with periods of relapse. In such circumstances, the identification of triggers (stress or infection) and severity of the flare need careful monitoring (preferably in real-time) so that tailored treatments targeting the underlying pathological mechanisms (SA toxins, elevated immunoglobulins, impaired healing) can be modified, permitting rapid resolution of symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Hulme
- Gachon Bio-Nano Institute, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 461-701, Republic of Korea
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44
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Dysregulated ceramide metabolism in mouse progressive dermatitis resulting from constitutive activation of Jak1. J Lipid Res 2023; 64:100329. [PMID: 36639058 PMCID: PMC9932461 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Coordinated lipid metabolism contributes to maintaining skin homeostasis by regulating skin barrier formation, immune reactions, thermogenesis, and perception. Several reports have documented the changes in lipid composition in dermatitis, including in atopic dermatitis (AD); however, the specific mechanism by which these lipid profiles are altered during AD pathogenesis remains unknown. Here, we performed untargeted and targeted lipidomic analyses of an AD-like dermatitis model resulting from constitutive activation of Janus kinase 1 (Spade mice) to capture the comprehensive lipidome profile during dermatitis onset and progression. We successfully annotated over 700 skin lipids, including glycerophospholipids, ceramides, neutral lipids, and fatty acids, many of which were found to be present at significantly changed levels after dermatitis onset, as determined by the pruritus and erythema. Among them, we found the levels of ceramides composed of nonhydroxy fatty acid and dihydrosphingosine containing very long-chain (C22 or more) fatty acids were significantly downregulated before AD onset. Furthermore, in vitro enzyme assays using the skin of Spade mice demonstrated the enhancement of ceramide desaturation. Finally, we revealed topical application of ceramides composed of nonhydroxy fatty acid and dihydrosphingosine before AD onset effectively ameliorated the progression of AD symptoms in Spade mice. Our results suggest that the disruption in epidermal ceramide composition is caused by boosting ceramide desaturation in the initiation phase of AD, which regulates AD pathogenesis.
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45
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Kim J, Kim BE, Berdyshev E, Bronova I, Bin L, Bae J, Kim S, Kim HY, Lee UH, Kim MS, Kim H, Lee J, Hall CF, Hui-Beckman J, Chang Y, Bronoff AS, Hwang D, Lee HY, Goleva E, Ahn K, Leung DYM. Staphylococcus aureus causes aberrant epidermal lipid composition and skin barrier dysfunction. Allergy 2023; 78:1292-1306. [PMID: 36609802 DOI: 10.1111/all.15640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Staphylococcus (S) aureus colonization is known to cause skin barrier disruption in atopic dermatitis (AD) patients. However, it has not been studied how S. aureus induces aberrant epidermal lipid composition and skin barrier dysfunction. METHODS Skin tape strips (STS) and swabs were obtained from 24 children with AD (6.0 ± 4.4 years) and 16 healthy children (7.0 ± 4.5 years). Lipidomic analysis of STS samples was performed by mass spectrometry. Skin levels of methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MSSA and MRSA) were evaluated. The effects of MSSA and MRSA were evaluated in primary human keratinocytes (HEKs) and organotypic skin cultures. RESULTS AD and organotypic skin colonized with MRSA significantly increased the proportion of lipid species with nonhydroxy fatty acid sphingosine ceramide with palmitic acid ([N-16:0 NS-CER], sphingomyelins [16:0-18:0 SM]), and lysophosphatidylcholines [16:0-18:0 LPC], but significantly reduced the proportion of corresponding very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) species (C22-28) compared to the skin without S. aureus colonization. Significantly increased transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was found in MRSA-colonized AD skin. S. aureus indirectly through interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-6, and IL-33 inhibited expression of fatty acid elongase enzymes (ELOVL3 and ELOVL4) in HEKs. ELOVL inhibition was more pronounced by MRSA and resulted in TEWL increase in organotypic skin. CONCLUSION Aberrant skin lipid profiles and barrier dysfunction are associated with S. aureus colonization in AD patients. These effects are attributed to the inhibition of ELOVLs by S. aureus-induced IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-33 seen in keratinocyte models and are more prominent in MRSA than MSSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung Eui Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Evgeny Berdyshev
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Irina Bronova
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Lianghua Bin
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Jaewoong Bae
- R&D Institute, BioEleven Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Seokjin Kim
- R&D Institute, BioEleven Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye-Young Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Research Institute of Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Un Ha Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myoung Shin Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunmi Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jinyoung Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Clifton F Hall
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Yunhee Chang
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
| | | | - Dasom Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
| | - Hae-Young Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
| | - Elena Goleva
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Kangmo Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Donald Y M Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
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46
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Laky K, Kinard JL, Li JM, Moore IN, Lack J, Fischer ER, Kabat J, Latanich R, Zachos NC, Limkar AR, Weissler KA, Thompson RW, Wynn TA, Dietz HC, Guerrerio AL, Frischmeyer-Guerrerio PA. Epithelial-intrinsic defects in TGFβR signaling drive local allergic inflammation manifesting as eosinophilic esophagitis. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eabp9940. [PMID: 36608150 PMCID: PMC10106118 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abp9940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Allergic diseases are a global health challenge. Individuals harboring loss-of-function variants in transforming growth factor-β receptor (TGFβR) genes have an increased prevalence of allergic disorders, including eosinophilic esophagitis. Allergic diseases typically localize to mucosal barriers, implicating epithelial dysfunction as a cardinal feature of allergic disease. Here, we describe an essential role for TGFβ in the control of tissue-specific immune homeostasis that provides mechanistic insight into these clinical associations. Mice expressing a TGFβR1 loss-of-function variant identified in atopic patients spontaneously develop disease that clinically, immunologically, histologically, and transcriptionally recapitulates eosinophilic esophagitis. In vivo and in vitro, TGFβR1 variant-expressing epithelial cells are hyperproliferative, fail to differentiate properly, and overexpress innate proinflammatory mediators, which persist in the absence of lymphocytes or external allergens. Together, our results support the concept that TGFβ plays a fundamental, nonredundant, epithelial cell-intrinsic role in controlling tissue-specific allergic inflammation that is independent of its role in adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Laky
- Food Allergy Research Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jessica L Kinard
- Food Allergy Research Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jenny Min Li
- Food Allergy Research Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ian N Moore
- Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Justin Lack
- Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Fischer
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA
| | - Juraj Kabat
- Biological Imaging Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rachel Latanich
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Nicholas C Zachos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Ajinkya R Limkar
- Inflammation Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Katherine A Weissler
- Food Allergy Research Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Robert W Thompson
- Immunopathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Thomas A Wynn
- Immunopathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Harry C Dietz
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Anthony L Guerrerio
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Pamela A Frischmeyer-Guerrerio
- Food Allergy Research Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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47
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Boguniewicz M, Fonacier L, Leung DY. Atopic and Contact Dermatitis. Clin Immunol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-7020-8165-1.00048-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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48
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Guo Y, Ma Y, Ma L, Guo Z, Xiao Y, Liu Y, Li J, Wang S, Liu Y. Oleuropein Prevents OVA-Induced Food Allergy in Mice by Enhancing the Intestinal Epithelial Barrier and Remodeling the Intestinal Flora. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2200455. [PMID: 36314290 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE This study assesses whether oleuropein prevents ovalbumin (OVA)-induced food allergy (FA) and investigates the underlying mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS A Balb/c FA mouse model is established and maintained for 7 weeks. The subjects are administered OVA by oral gavage to induce FA and supplemented with different oleuropein doses (1.00-20.00 mg kg-1 per day) to evaluate its preventative efficacy. The results indicate that oleuropein effectively alleviates OVA-induced allergy symptoms and promotes temperature elevation in sensitized mice. The secretion of serology-specific OVA-immunoglobulin (Ig)E, OVA-IgG, and histamine is inhibited in the sensitized mice. Oleuropein dramatically upregulates the expression of intestinal tight junction (TJ) proteins, regenerating gene (Reg) IIIγ, and interleukin (IL)-22, enhancing the physical and biochemical barrier function of the intestinal epithelium. Additionally, oleuropein improves the immune homeostasis of the intestinal epithelium by affecting the function of mucosal mast cells and regulatory T (Treg) cells. The disordered intestinal flora of the sensitized mice also improves after oleuropein administration. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that oleuropein prevents FA by enhancing intestinal epithelial barrier function and improving immune homeostasis and intestinal flora in sensitized mice. Therefore, diets rich in oleuropein should be recommended for people with FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjie Guo
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, P. R. China
| | - Yu Ma
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, P. R. China
| | - Liyuan Ma
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, P. R. China
| | - Zixin Guo
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, P. R. China
| | - Yingliang Xiao
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, P. R. China
| | - Yunjun Liu
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, P. R. China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, P. R. China
| | - Shengnan Wang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, P. R. China
| | - Yixiang Liu
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, P. R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Provincial and Ministerial Co-construction for Marine Food Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China
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49
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Henriet E, Abdallah F, Laurent Y, Guimpied C, Clement E, Simon M, Pichon C, Baril P. Targeting TGF-β1/miR-21 pathway in keratinocytes reveals protective effects of silymarin on imiquimod-induced psoriasis mouse model. JID INNOVATIONS 2022; 3:100175. [PMID: 36968096 PMCID: PMC10034514 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjidi.2022.100175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal cells integrate multiple signals that activate the signaling pathways involved in skin homeostasis. TGF-β1 signaling pathway upregulates microRNA (miR)-21-5p in keratinocytes and is often deregulated in skin diseases. To identify the bioactive compounds that enable to modulate the TGF-β1/miR-21-5p signaling pathway, we screened a library of medicinal plant extracts using our miR-ON RILES luciferase reporter system placed under the control of the miR-21-5p in keratinocytes treated with TGF-β1. We identified silymarin, a mixture of flavonolignans extracted from Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn., as the most potent regulator of miR-21-5p expression. Using Argonaute 2 immunoprecipitation and RT-qPCR, we showed that silymarin regulates the expression of miR-21-5p through a noncanonical TGF-β1 signaling pathway, whereas RNA-sequencing analysis revealed three unexpected transcriptomic signatures associated with keratinocyte differentiation, cell cycle, and lipid metabolism. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that SM blocks cell cycle progression, inhibits keratinocyte differentiation through repression of Notch3 expression, stimulates lipid synthesis via activation of PPARγ signaling and inhibits inflammatory responses by suppressing the transcriptional activity of NF-κB. We finally showed that topical application of silymarin alleviates the development of imiquimod-induced psoriasiform lesions in mice by abrogating the altered expression levels of markers involved in inflammation, proliferation, differentiation, and lipid metabolism.
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50
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Berdyshev E, Goleva E, Bissonnette R, Bronova I, Bronoff AS, Richers BN, Garcia S, Ramirez-Gama M, Taylor P, Praestgaard A, Agueusop I, Jurvilliers P, Boguniewicz M, Levit NA, Rossi AB, Zhang A, Leung DYM. Dupilumab significantly improves skin barrier function in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. Allergy 2022; 77:3388-3397. [PMID: 35815904 DOI: 10.1111/all.15432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by abnormal skin lipids that are largely driven by hyperactivated type 2 immune responses. The antibody to the α-subunit of interleukin (IL)-4 receptor, dupilumab, was recently approved to treat AD and demonstrated strong efficacy. However, the role of dupilumab therapy in the regulation of skin barrier structure and function has not been fully explored. METHODS We have evaluated the content of lipids and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) in lesional and non-lesional skin of adults and adolescents with moderate-to-severe AD over the course of 16-week treatment with dupilumab and compared those values with that of matched healthy volunteers. RESULTS Dupilumab treatment provided a significant decrease in TEWL in AD lesions, lowering it almost to the levels seen in the skin of healthy subjects. Blocking IL-4/IL-13 signaling with dupilumab normalized lipid composition (decreased levels of ceramides with non-hydroxy fatty acids and C18-sphingosine and increased the level of esterified omega-hydroxy fatty acid-containing ceramides) and increased ceramide chain length in lesional as well as non-lesional stratum corneum of AD patients. Partial changes for these parameters were already observed after 2 weeks, with a full response achieved after 8 weeks of dupilumab treatment. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of IL-4/IL-13 signaling by dupilumab allows restoration of skin lipid composition and barrier function in patients with moderate-to-severe AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Noah A Levit
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York, USA
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