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Zhang J, Feng Y, Shi D. NETosis of psoriasis: a critical step in amplifying the inflammatory response. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1374934. [PMID: 39148738 PMCID: PMC11324545 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1374934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
NETosis, a regulated form of neutrophil death, is crucial for host defense against pathogens. However, the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) during NETosis can have detrimental effects on surrounding tissues and contribute to the pro-inflammatory response, in addition to their role in controlling microbes. Although it is well-established that the IL-23-Th17 axis plays a key role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, emerging evidence suggests that psoriasis, as an autoinflammatory disease, is also associated with NETosis. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying NETosis in psoriasis. It will cover topics such as the formation of NETs, immune cells involved in NETosis, and potential biomarkers as prognostic/predicting factors in psoriasis. By analyzing the intricate relationship between NETosis and psoriasis, this review also aims to identify novel possibilities targeting NETosis for the treatment of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinke Zhang
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yahui Feng
- The Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Dongmei Shi
- The Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
- Department of Dermatology, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
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2
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Tang YY, Xu WD, Fu L, Liu XY, Huang AF. Synergistic effects of BTN3A1, SHP2, CD274, and STAT3 gene polymorphisms on the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus: a multifactorial dimensional reduction analysis. Clin Rheumatol 2024; 43:489-499. [PMID: 37688767 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-023-06765-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Systemic lupus erythematosus is a complex autoimmune disorder, and evidence supports the significance of genetic polymorphisms in SLE genetic susceptibility. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of BTN3A1 (butyrophilin 3A1), SHP2 (Src homology-2 containing protein tyrosine phosphatase), CD274 (programmed cell death 1 ligand 1), and STAT3 (signal transducer-activator of transcription 3) gene interactions on SLE risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two hundred and ninety patients diagnosed with SLE and 370 healthy controls were recruited. A multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) approach was used to determine the epistasis among single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the BTN3A1 (rs742090), SHP2 (rs58116261), CD174 (rs702275), and STAT3 (rs8078731) genes. The best risk prediction model was identified in terms of precision and cross-validation consistency. RESULTS Allele A and genotype AA were negatively related to genetic susceptibility of SLE for BTN3A1 rs742090 (OR = 0.788 (0.625-0.993), P = 0.044; OR = 0.604 (0.372-0.981), P = 0.040). For STAT3 rs8078731, allele A and genotype AA were positively related to the risk of SLE (OR = 1.307 (1.032-1.654), P = 0.026; OR = 1.752 (1.020-3.010), P = 0.041). MDR analysis revealed the most significant interaction between BTN3A1 rs742090 and SHP2 rs58116261. The best risk prediction model was a combination of BTN3A1 rs742090, SHP2 rs58116261, and STAT3 rs8078731 (accuracy = 0.5866, consistency = 10/10, OR = 1.9870 (1.5964-2.4731), P = 0.001). CONCLUSION These data indicate that risk prediction models formed by gene interactions (BTN3A1, SHP2, STAT3) can identify susceptible populations of SLE. Key Points • BTN3A1 rs742090 polymorphism was a protective factor for systemic lupus erythematosus, while STAT3 rs8078731 polymorphism was a risk factor. • There was a strong synergistic effect of BTN3A1 rs742090 and SHP2 rs58116261, and interaction among BTN3A1 rs742090, SHP2 rs58116261, and STAT3 rs8078731 constructed the best model to show association with SLE risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Yang Tang
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Wang-Dong Xu
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Lu Fu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Liu
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - An-Fang Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
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Yu C, Li Z, Nie C, Chang L, Jiang T. Targeting Src homology phosphatase 2 ameliorates mouse diabetic nephropathy by attenuating ERK/NF-κB pathway-mediated renal inflammation. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:362. [PMID: 38110973 PMCID: PMC10729421 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01394-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal inflammation is a pivotal mechanism underlying the pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy (DN). The Src homology phosphatase 2 (SHP2) has been demonstrated to be linked to diabetes-induced inflammation, yet its roles and explicit molecular mechanisms in DN remain unexplored. Here, we report that SHP2 activity is upregulated in both DN patients and db/db mice. In addition, pharmacological inhibition of SHP2 with its specific inhibitor PHPS1 alleviates DN in db/db mice and attenuates renal inflammation. In vitro, PHPS1 administration prevents inflammatory responses in HK-2 cells stimulated by high glucose (HG). Mechanistically, PHPS1 represses HG-induced activation of the proinflammatory ERK/NF-κB signaling pathway, and these inhibitory effects are blocked in the presence of an ERK specific inhibitor, hence demonstrating that PHPS1 suppresses ERK/NF-κB pathway-mediated inflammation. Moreover, PHPS1 retards ERK/NF-κB pathway activation in db/db mice, and histologically, SHP2 activity is positively correlated with ERK/NF-κB activation in DN patients. Taken together, these findings identify SHP2 as a potential therapeutic target and show that its pharmacological inhibition might be a promising strategy to mitigate DN. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Postdoctoral Mobile Station of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Department of Nephrology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Cuili Nie
- Division of Pediatrics Neurology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Chang
- Department of Nephrology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Jiyan Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China.
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Celada SI, Lim CX, Carisey AF, Ochsner SA, Arce Deza CF, Rexie P, Poli De Frias F, Cardenas-Castillo R, Polverino F, Hengstschläger M, Tsoyi K, McKenna NJ, Kheradmand F, Weichhart T, Rosas IO, Van Kaer L, Celada LJ. SHP2 promotes sarcoidosis severity by inhibiting SKP2-targeted ubiquitination of TBET in CD8 + T cells. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eade2581. [PMID: 37703351 PMCID: PMC11126869 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.ade2581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Sarcoidosis is an interstitial lung disease (ILD) characterized by interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and T-box expressed in T cells (TBET) dysregulation. Although one-third of patients progress from granulomatous inflammation to severe lung damage, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. Here, we found that pharmacological inhibition of phosphorylated SH2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 (pSHP2), a facilitator of aberrant IFN-γ abundance, decreased large granuloma formation and macrophage infiltration in the lungs of mice with sarcoidosis-like disease. Positive treatment outcomes were dependent on the effective enhancement of TBET ubiquitination within CD8+ T cells. Mechanistically, we identified a posttranslational modification pathway in which the E3 F-box protein S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (SKP2) targets TBET for ubiquitination in T cells under normal conditions. However, this pathway was disrupted by aberrant pSHP2 signaling in CD8+ T cells from patients with progressive pulmonary sarcoidosis and end-stage disease. Ex vivo inhibition of pSHP2 in CD8+ T cells from patients with end-stage sarcoidosis enhanced TBET ubiquitination and suppressed IFN-γ and collagen synthesis. Therefore, these studies provided new mechanistic insights into the SHP2-dependent posttranslational regulation of TBET and identified SHP2 inhibition as a potential therapeutic intervention against severe sarcoidosis. Furthermore, these studies also suggest that the small-molecule SHP2 inhibitor SHP099 might be used as a therapeutic measure against human diseases linked to TBET or ubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherly I. Celada
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA
| | - Clarice X. Lim
- Center of Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexandre F. Carisey
- William T. Shearer Center for Human Immunobiology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Scott A. Ochsner
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Carlos F. Arce Deza
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Praveen Rexie
- Center of Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Fernando Poli De Frias
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Mout Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA
| | - Rafael Cardenas-Castillo
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Francesca Polverino
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Markus Hengstschläger
- Center of Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Konstantin Tsoyi
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Neil J. McKenna
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Farrah Kheradmand
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Michael E. DeBakey, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Thomas Weichhart
- Center of Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ivan O. Rosas
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Luc Van Kaer
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
| | - Lindsay J. Celada
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
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Yang C, Li R, Su LC, Lan YY, Wang YQ, Xu WD, Huang AF. SHP2: its association and roles in systemic lupus erythematosus. Inflamm Res 2023:10.1007/s00011-023-01760-w. [PMID: 37351631 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01760-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease. Src homology 2 domain containing protein tyrosine phosphatase (SHP2) is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) family. To date, relationship between SHP2 and SLE pathogenesis is not elucidated. METHOD We measured plasma levels of SHP2 in 328 SLE patients, 78 RA patients, 80 SS patients and 79 healthy controls by ELISA, and discussed association of SHP2 in SLE patients, potential of plasma SHP2 as a SLE biomarker. Moreover, histological and serological changes were evaluated by flow cytometry, HE/Masson examination, immunofluorescence test in pristane-induced lupus mice after SHP2 inhibitor injection to reveal role of SHP2 in lupus development. RESULTS Results indicated that SHP2 plasma levels were upregulated in SLE patients and correlated with some clinical, laboratory characteristics such as proteinuria, pyuria, and may be a potential biomarker for SLE. After SHP2 inhibitor treatment, hepatosplenomegaly and histological severity of the kidney in lupus mice were improved. SHP2 inhibitor reversed DCs, Th1, and Th17 cells differentiation and downregulated inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, IFN-γ and TNF-α) and autoantibodies (ANA, anti-dsDNA) production in pristane-lupus mice. CONCLUSION In summary, SHP2 correlated with SLE pathogenesis and promoted the development of lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Yang
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, 1 Xianglin Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, 1 Xianglin Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin-Chong Su
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, 2 Wufengshan Road, Enshi, 445000, Hubei, China
| | - You-Yu Lan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - You-Qiang Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Wang-Dong Xu
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, 1 Xianglin Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - An-Fang Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
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Jensen NR, Kelly RR, Kelly KD, Khoo SK, Sidles SJ, LaRue AC. From Stem to Sternum: The Role of Shp2 in the Skeleton. Calcif Tissue Int 2023; 112:403-421. [PMID: 36422682 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-022-01042-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Src homology-2 domain-containing phosphatase 2 (SHP2) is a ubiquitously expressed phosphatase that is vital for skeletal development and maintenance of chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts. Study of SHP2 function in small animal models has led to insights in phenotypes observed in SHP2-mutant human disease, such as Noonan syndrome. In recent years, allosteric SHP2 inhibitors have been developed to specifically target the protein in neoplastic processes. These inhibitors are highly specific and have great potential for disease modulation in cancer and other pathologies, including bone disorders. In this review, we discuss the importance of SHP2 and related signaling pathways (e.g., Ras/MEK/ERK, JAK/STAT, PI3K/Akt) in skeletal development. We review rodent models of pathologic processes caused by germline mutations that activate SHP2 enzymatic activity, with a focus on the skeletal phenotype seen in these patients. Finally, we discuss SHP2 inhibitors in development and their potential for disease modulation in these genetic diseases, particularly as it relates to the skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel R Jensen
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ryan R Kelly
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Health Care System, Research Service, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Kirsten D Kelly
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Health Care System, Research Service, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Stephanie K Khoo
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Health Care System, Research Service, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Sara J Sidles
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Health Care System, Research Service, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Amanda C LaRue
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Health Care System, Research Service, Charleston, SC, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
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7
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Targeting protein phosphatases in cancer immunotherapy and autoimmune disorders. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2023; 22:273-294. [PMID: 36693907 PMCID: PMC9872771 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-022-00618-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Protein phosphatases act as key regulators of multiple important cellular processes and are attractive therapeutic targets for various diseases. Although extensive effort has been dedicated to phosphatase-targeted drug discovery, early expeditions for competitive phosphatase inhibitors were plagued by druggability issues, leading to the stigmatization of phosphatases as difficult targets. Despite challenges, persistent efforts have led to the identification of several drug-like, non-competitive modulators of some of these enzymes - including SH2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, vascular endothelial protein tyrosine phosphatase and protein phosphatase 1 - reigniting interest in therapeutic targeting of phosphatases. Here, we discuss recent progress in phosphatase drug discovery, with emphasis on the development of selective modulators that exhibit biological activity. The roles and regulation of protein phosphatases in immune cells and their potential as powerful targets for immuno-oncology and autoimmunity indications are assessed.
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8
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Hsu MF, Ito Y, Afkarian M, Haj FG. Deficiency of the Src homology phosphatase 2 in podocytes is associated with renoprotective effects in mice under hyperglycemia. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:516. [PMID: 36102977 PMCID: PMC10987040 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04517-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a significant complication of diabetes and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Hyperglycemia-induced dysfunction of the glomerular podocytes is a major contributor to the deterioration of renal function in DN. Previously, we demonstrated that podocyte-specific disruption of the Src homology phosphatase 2 (Shp2) ameliorated lipopolysaccharide-induced renal injury. This study aims to evaluate the contribution of Shp2 to podocyte function under hyperglycemia and explore the molecular underpinnings. We report elevated Shp2 in the E11 podocyte cell line under high glucose and the kidney under streptozotocin- and high-fat diet-induced hyperglycemia. Consistently, Shp2 disruption in podocytes was associated with partial renoprotective effects under hyperglycemia, as evidenced by the preserved renal function. At the molecular level, Shp2 deficiency was associated with altered renal insulin signaling and diminished hyperglycemia-induced renal endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. Additionally, Shp2 knockdown in E11 podocytes mimicked the in vivo deficiency of this phosphatase and ameliorated the deleterious impact of high glucose, whereas Shp2 reconstitution reversed these effects. Moreover, Shp2 deficiency attenuated high glucose-induced E11 podocyte migration. Further, we identified the protein tyrosine kinase FYN as a putative mediator of Shp2 signaling in podocytes under high glucose. Collectively, these findings suggest that Shp2 inactivation may afford protection to podocytes under hyperglycemia and highlight this phosphatase as a potential target to ameliorate glomerular dysfunction in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Fo Hsu
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Yoshihiro Ito
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, and Department of CKD Initiatives/Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8560, Japan
| | - Maryam Afkarian
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Fawaz G Haj
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
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The Tyrosine Phosphatase SHP2: A New Target for Insulin Resistance? Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092139. [PMID: 36140242 PMCID: PMC9495760 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The SH2 containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2(SHP2) plays essential roles in fundamental signaling pathways, conferring on it versatile physiological functions during development and in homeostasis maintenance, and leading to major pathological outcomes when dysregulated. Many studies have documented that SHP2 modulation disrupted glucose homeostasis, pointing out a relationship between its dysfunction and insulin resistance, and the therapeutic potential of its targeting. While studies from cellular or tissue-specific models concluded on both pros-and-cons effects of SHP2 on insulin resistance, recent data from integrated systems argued for an insulin resistance promoting role for SHP2, and therefore a therapeutic benefit of its inhibition. In this review, we will summarize the general knowledge of SHP2’s molecular, cellular, and physiological functions, explaining the pathophysiological impact of its dysfunctions, then discuss its protective or promoting roles in insulin resistance as well as the potency and limitations of its pharmacological modulation.
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Pan J, Zhou L, Zhang C, Xu Q, Sun Y. Targeting protein phosphatases for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases: From signaling to therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:177. [PMID: 35665742 PMCID: PMC9166240 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01038-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is the common pathological basis of autoimmune diseases, metabolic diseases, malignant tumors, and other major chronic diseases. Inflammation plays an important role in tissue homeostasis. On one hand, inflammation can sense changes in the tissue environment, induce imbalance of tissue homeostasis, and cause tissue damage. On the other hand, inflammation can also initiate tissue damage repair and maintain normal tissue function by resolving injury and restoring homeostasis. These opposing functions emphasize the significance of accurate regulation of inflammatory homeostasis to ameliorate inflammation-related diseases. Potential mechanisms involve protein phosphorylation modifications by kinases and phosphatases, which have a crucial role in inflammatory homeostasis. The mechanisms by which many kinases resolve inflammation have been well reviewed, whereas a systematic summary of the functions of protein phosphatases in regulating inflammatory homeostasis is lacking. The molecular knowledge of protein phosphatases, and especially the unique biochemical traits of each family member, will be of critical importance for developing drugs that target phosphatases. Here, we provide a comprehensive summary of the structure, the "double-edged sword" function, and the extensive signaling pathways of all protein phosphatases in inflammation-related diseases, as well as their potential inhibitors or activators that can be used in therapeutic interventions in preclinical or clinical trials. We provide an integrated perspective on the current understanding of all the protein phosphatases associated with inflammation-related diseases, with the aim of facilitating the development of drugs that target protein phosphatases for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lisha Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
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Du LJ, Feng YX, He ZX, Huang L, Wang Q, Wen CP, Zhang Y. Norcantharidin ameliorates the development of murine lupus via inhibiting the generation of IL-17 producing cells. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:1521-1533. [PMID: 34552214 PMCID: PMC9159996 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00773-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a devastating autoimmune disorder associated with severe organ damage. The abnormality of T cell apoptosis is considered as an important pathogenetic mechanism of SLE. Norcantharidin (NCTD), a derivative of Cantharidin, is an efficacious anti-cancer drug by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing cell apoptosis. Besides, NCTD has also been proved to protect the function of kidneys, while damaged renal function is the most important predictor of morbidity and mortality in SLE. All these suggest the potential effects of NCTD in SLE treatment. In this study we investigated whether NCTD exerted therapeutic effects in a mouse SLE model. Lupus prone female MRL/lpr mice were treated with NCTD (1, 2 mg·kg-1·d-1, ip) for 8 weeks. We showed that NCTD administration significantly decreased mortality rate, diminished the expression of anti-dsDNA IgG antibody, a diagnostic marker for SLE, as well as restored renal structure and function in MRL/lpr mice. Moreover, NCTD administration dose-dependently inhibited lymphoproliferation and T cell accumulation in the spleens of MRL/lpr mice. We further revealed that NCTD specifically inhibited DN T cell proliferation and Th17 cell differentiation both via blocking activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway. On the other hand, NCTD did not affect T cell apoptosis in MRL/lpr mice. Taken together, our data suggest that NCTD may be as a promising therapeutic drug through targeting T cells for the treatment of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-jun Du
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 China
| | - Yu-xiang Feng
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 China
| | - Zhi-xing He
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 China
| | - Lin Huang
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 China
| | - Qiao Wang
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 China
| | - Cheng-ping Wen
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 China
| | - Yun Zhang
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 China
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12
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A Mechanistic Insight into the Pathogenic Role of Interleukin 17A in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:6600264. [PMID: 35620115 PMCID: PMC9129985 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6600264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 17A (IL-17A) has been put forward as a strong ally in our fight against invading pathogens across exposed epithelial surfaces by serving an antimicrobial immunosurveillance role in these tissues to protect the barrier integrity. Amongst other mechanisms that prevent tissue injury mediated by potential microbial threats and promote restoration of epithelial homeostasis, IL-17A attracts effector cells to the site of inflammation and support the host response by driving the development of ectopic lymphoid structures. Accumulating evidence now underscores an integral role of IL-17A in driving the pathophysiology and clinical manifestations in three potentially life-threatening autoimmune diseases, namely, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren’s syndrome, and systemic sclerosis. Available studies provide convincing evidence that the abundance of IL-17A in target tissues and its prime source, which is T helper 17 cells (Th17) and double negative T cells (DNT), is not an innocent bystander but in fact seems to be prerequisite for organ pathology. In this regard, IL-17A has been directly implicated in critical steps of autoimmunity. This review reports on the synergistic interactions of IL-17A with other critical determinants such as B cells, neutrophils, stromal cells, and the vasculature that promote the characteristic immunopathology of these autoimmune diseases. The summary of observations provided by this review may have empowering implications for IL-17A-based strategies to prevent clinical manifestations in a broad spectrum of autoimmune conditions.
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13
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Bellacchio E. Intramolecular Interaction with the E6 Region Stabilizes the Closed Conformation of the N-SH2 Domain and Concurs with the Self-Inhibitory Docking in Downregulating the Activity of the SHP2 Tyrosine Phosphatase: A Molecular Dynamics Study. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094794. [PMID: 35563185 PMCID: PMC9105505 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The localization and activity of the SHP2 tyrosine phosphatase across different cellular compartments to the target substrates are steered by the binding of phosphotyrosine (pY) peptides to the tandem SH2 domains. The most N-terminal domain (N-SH2) can also keep the enzyme inactive by intramolecular occlusion of the catalytic site. Enzyme activity can be recovered by an allosteric disruption of this self-inhibitory docking upon the binding of pY peptides to the N-SH2 domain. Prior to this, the N-SH2 domain must abandon the closed conformation because it impedes the access of pY peptides to the binding cleft. Although it cooperates with the self-inhibitory docking in the negative regulation of the phosphatase activity, the structural determinants of the stability of the closed conformation in the self-inhibited phosphatase are still elusive. To address this issue, a molecular dynamics simulation study is carried out. It is shown that the closed conformation is stabilized by the interaction of the N-SH2 domain with a conserved peptide portion in the region encoded by PTPN11 exon 6 (E6).
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Bellacchio
- Area di Ricerca Genetica e Malattie Rare, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy
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14
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Wang M, Li T, Ouyang Z, Tang K, Zhu Y, Song C, Sun H, Yu B, Ji X, Sun Y. SHP2 allosteric inhibitor TK-453 alleviates psoriasis-like skin inflammation in mice via inhibition of IL-23/Th17 axis. iScience 2022; 25:104009. [PMID: 35310939 PMCID: PMC8927994 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
SHP2 is the first oncogenic tyrosine phosphatase encoded by PTPN11, which plays a significant regulatory role in cancer and inflammation-related diseases. Although SHP2 allosteric inhibitors have been used in phase I/II clinical trials for solid tumors, whether SHP2 inhibition alleviates psoriasis remains unclear. Here we expressed and purified SHP2 related proteins, and established an enzyme activity screening system for different conformations of SHP2. We launched an iterative medicinal chemistry program and identified the lead compound, TK-453. Importantly, TK-453 possessed stronger affinity with SHP2 than SHP099, evidenced by the cocrystal structure of SHP2/TK-453, revealing that the additional aryl-S-aryl bridge in TK-453 induces a 1.8 Å shift of the dichlorophenyl ring and an approximate 20° deviation of the pyrazine ring plane relative to SHP099. Furthermore, TK-453 significantly ameliorated imiquimod-triggered skin inflammation in mice via inhibition of the IL-23/Th17 axis, proving that SHP2 is a potential therapeutic target for psoriasis. We identify a SHP2 allosteric inhibitor TK-453, which has a stronger affinity with SHP2 Cocrystal structure shows that TK-453 occupies the allosteric pocket of SHP2 TK-453 alleviates psoriasis-like skin inflammation in mice SHP2 inhibitor provides a new strategy for the treatment of psoriasis
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15
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Ding Y, Ouyang Z, Zhang C, Zhu Y, Xu Q, Sun H, Qu J, Sun Y. Tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 exacerbates psoriasis-like skin inflammation in mice via ERK5-dependent NETosis. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e120. [PMID: 35281792 PMCID: PMC8906448 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, often accompanied by increased infiltration of immune cells, especially neutrophils. However, the detailed mechanism of the neutrophil function in psoriasis progression remains unclear. Here, we found that both Src homology-2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 (SHP2) and neutrophils were highly correlated to developing psoriasis by single-cell ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequencing and experiment verification. The deficiency of SHP2 in neutrophils significantly alleviated psoriasis-like phenotype in an imiquimod-induced murine model. Interestingly, high levels of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were produced in the inflamed lesions of psoriatic patients. In addition, imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like symptoms were remarkably ameliorated in peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) knockout mice, which cannot form NETs. Mechanistically, RNA-seq analysis revealed that SHP2 promoted the formation of NETs in neutrophils via the ERK5 pathway. Functionally, this mechanism resulted in the infiltration of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, and CXCL-15, which enhances the inflammatory response in skin lesions and reinforces the cross-talk between neutrophils and keratinocytes, ultimately aggravating psoriasis. Our findings uncover a role for SHP2 in NET release and subsequent cell death known as NETosis in the progression of psoriasis and suggest that SHP2 may be a promising therapeutic target for psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zijun Ouyang
- Institute of Marine Biomedicine, School of Food and DrugShenzhen PolytechnicShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yuyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Haiyan Sun
- Institute of Marine Biomedicine, School of Food and DrugShenzhen PolytechnicShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Jiao Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC)Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
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16
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Zhu Y, Wu Z, Yan W, Shao F, Ke B, Jiang X, Gao J, Guo W, Lai Y, Ma H, Chen D, Xu Q, Sun Y. Allosteric inhibition of SHP2 uncovers aberrant TLR7 trafficking in aggravating psoriasis. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 14:e14455. [PMID: 34936223 PMCID: PMC8899919 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202114455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a complex chronic inflammatory skin disease with unclear molecular mechanisms. We found that the Src homology‐2 domain‐containing protein tyrosine phosphatase‐2 (SHP2) was highly expressed in both psoriatic patients and imiquimod (IMQ)‐induced psoriasis‐like mice. Also, the SHP2 allosteric inhibitor SHP099 reduced pro‐inflammatory cytokine expression in PBMCs taken from psoriatic patients. Consistently, SHP099 significantly ameliorated IMQ‐triggered skin inflammation in mice. Single‐cell RNA sequencing of murine skin demonstrated that SHP2 inhibition impaired skin inflammation in myeloid cells, especially macrophages. Furthermore, IMQ‐induced psoriasis‐like skin inflammation was significantly alleviated in myeloid cells (monocytes, mature macrophages, and granulocytes)—but not dendritic cells conditional SHP2 knockout mice. Mechanistically, SHP2 promoted the trafficking of toll‐like receptor 7 (TLR7) from the Golgi to the endosome in macrophages by dephosphorylating TLR7 at Tyr1024, boosting the ubiquitination of TLR7 and NF‐κB‐mediated skin inflammation. Importantly, Tlr7 point‐mutant knock‐in mice showed an attenuated psoriasis‐like phenotype compared to wild‐type littermates following IMQ treatment. Collectively, our findings identify SHP2 as a novel regulator of psoriasis and suggest that SHP2 inhibition may be a promising therapeutic approach for psoriatic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhigui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fenli Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bowen Ke
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xian Jiang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjie Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuping Lai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyue Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Dijun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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17
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Capra AP, Chiara E, Briuglia S. Autoimmune hepatitis in genetic syndromes: A literature review. World J Hepatol 2021; 13:1328-1340. [PMID: 34786169 PMCID: PMC8568577 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v13.i10.1328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic syndromes represent relevant and rare diseases. These conditions include a large amount of epidemiological, pathogenetic and clinical features. However, a systematic approach to genetic syndromes is often prevented by the rareness of these diseases. So, although clinical features are usually precisely defined, nowadays more uncommon associations between genetic syndromes and internal medicine related diseases have been insufficiently studied. Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic liver disease caused by loss of tolerance to hepatocyte-specific auto-antigens. Conversely, a better knowledge about specific genetic syndromes in which AIH is more frequent could be important in the clinical management of patients, both for an early diagnosis and for a prompt therapy. Furthermore, a systematic approach could explain if onset, clinical course, and response to treatment of AIH are typical for specific genetic syndromes. We took in consideration all the scientific articles reported in PubMed in the last 10 years, from 2010 to 2020. The purpose of this review is to explore the prevalence of AIH in genetic syndrome, but also to suggest new classification, that could be useful for pathogenetic hypothesis and clinical approach to genetic syndrome. From the 139 publications selected using keywords “autoimmune hepatitis” and “genetic syndrome”, 30 papers (21.6%) respected the chosen inclusion criteria, reporting the association between AIH in patients with a genetic syndrome. We have collected in all 47 patients with AIH and genetic syndrome, and with median age of 12.6-year-old. We suggest that when a patient presents a clinical picture of cryptogenic chronic hepatitis, that is unexplained, it is useful to explore differential diagnosis of AIH associated with genetic syndrome. Given the clinical relevance of this topic, further reports are needed to demonstrate our hypothesis and collect new evidence in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Paola Capra
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, Messina 98100, Italy
| | - Emanuele Chiara
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Messina, Messina 98100, Italy
| | - Silvana Briuglia
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, Messina 98100, Italy
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18
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Zhang Y, Qi Z, Wang W, Wang L, Cao F, Zhao L, Fang X. Isovitexin Inhibits Ginkgolic Acids-Induced Inflammation Through Downregulating SHP2 Activation. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:630320. [PMID: 34456714 PMCID: PMC8385789 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.630320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that Celtis sinensis Pers. is employed as a folk medicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. But the mechanism supporting its use as anti-inflammatory remains unclear. To investigate the anti-inflammatory of Celtis sinensis Pers. ICR mice were provided Celtis sinensis Pers. leaf extract (CLE) at 100, 200 mg/kg after ginkgolic acids (GA) sensitization. Our data showed that CLE and the main flavonoid isovitexin in CLE could ameliorate GA-induced contact dermatitis in mice. Ear swelling, inflammatory cell infiltration and splenomegaly were inhibited significantly by isovitexin, while the weight loss of mice in the isovitexin-treated group was much better than that in the dexamethasone-treated group (positive control drug). It has been reported in previous research that GA-induced inflammation is closely related to the T cell response. Therefore, T cells were the focus of the anti-inflammatory effect of isovitexin in this paper. The in vivo results showed that isovitexin (10, 20 mg/kg) inhibited the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2 and IL-17A) in lymph nodes, inhibited the secretion of cytokines into the serum from mice with contact dermatitis and promoted the expression of apoptosis-related proteins. In vitro, isovitexin also induced apoptosis and inhibited proinflammatory cytokine expression in Con A-activated T cells. Further study showed that the MAPK and STAT signaling pathways and the phosphorylation of SHP2 were inhibited by isovitexin. Both molecular docking and biological experiments indicated that SHP2 may be an anti-inflammatory target of isovitexin in T cells. Taken together, isovitexin can serve as a potential natural agent for the treatment or prevention of GA-induced inflammatory problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhipeng Qi
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjie Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fuliang Cao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Linguo Zhao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xianying Fang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
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19
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Uddin J, Tomar S, Sharma A, Waggoner L, Ganesan V, Marella S, Yang Y, Noah T, Vanoni S, Patterson A, Zeng C, Foster PS, Newberry R, Bishu S, Kao JY, Rosen MJ, Denson L, King PD, Hoebe K, Divanovic S, Munitz A, Hogan SP. PIR-B Regulates CD4 + IL17a + T-Cell Survival and Restricts T-Cell-Dependent Intestinal Inflammatory Responses. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 12:1479-1502. [PMID: 34242819 PMCID: PMC8531983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS CD4+ T cells are regulated by activating and inhibitory cues, and dysregulation of these proper regulatory inputs predisposes these cells to aberrant inflammation and exacerbation of disease. We investigated the role of the inhibitory receptor paired immunoglobulin-like receptor B (PIR-B) in the regulation of the CD4+ T-cell inflammatory response and exacerbation of the colitic phenotype. METHODS We used Il10-/- spontaneous and CD4+CD45RBhi T-cell transfer models of colitis with PIR-B-deficient (Pirb-/-) mice. Flow cytometry, Western blot, and RNA sequencing analysis was performed on wild-type and Pirb-/- CD4+ T cells. In silico analyses were performed on RNA sequencing data set of ileal biopsy samples from pediatric CD and non-inflammatory bowel disease patients and sorted human memory CD4+ T cells. RESULTS We identified PIR-B expression on memory CD4+ interleukin (IL)17a+ cells. We show that PIR-B regulates CD4+ T-helper 17 cell (Th17)-dependent chronic intestinal inflammatory responses and the development of colitis. Mechanistically, we show that the PIR-B- Src-homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1/2 axis tempers mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 signaling and mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1-dependent caspase-3/7 apoptosis, resulting in CD4+ IL17a+ cell survival. In silico analyses showed enrichment of transcriptional signatures for Th17 cells (RORC, RORA, and IL17A) and tissue resident memory (HOBIT, IL7R, and BLIMP1) networks in PIR-B+ murine CD4+ T cells and human CD4+ T cells that express the human homologue leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 3 (LILRB3). High levels of LILRB3 expression were associated strongly with mucosal injury and a proinflammatory Th17 signature, and this signature was restricted to a treatment-naïve, severe pediatric CD population. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show an intrinsic role for PIR-B/LILRB3 in the regulation of CD4+ IL17a+ T-cell pathogenic memory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jazib Uddin
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Graduate Program in Immunology, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Sunil Tomar
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Ankit Sharma
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Lisa Waggoner
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Varsha Ganesan
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Sahiti Marella
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Yanfen Yang
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Taeko Noah
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Simone Vanoni
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | | | - Chang Zeng
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Paul S Foster
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Rodney Newberry
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Shrinivas Bishu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - John Y Kao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Michael J Rosen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Lee Denson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Philip D King
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Kasper Hoebe
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati, Ohio; Janssen, Inc, Janssen R@D, Discovery, Innate Immunology Spring House, Pennsylvania
| | - Senad Divanovic
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati, Ohio; Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Ariel Munitz
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Simon P Hogan
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Mary H Weiser Food Allergy Center, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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20
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Li T, Xie J, Yao X, Zhang J, Li C, Ren D, Li L, Xie Q, Shao H, Qin A, Ye J. The tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2 dephosphorylated by ALV-J via its Env efficiently promotes ALV-J replication. Virulence 2021; 12:1721-1731. [PMID: 34167452 PMCID: PMC8237968 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2021.1939952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) generally induces hemangioma, myeloid leukosis, and immunosuppression in chickens, causing significant poultry industry economic losses worldwide. The unusual env gene of ALV-J, with low homology to other subgroups of ALVs, is associated with its unique pathogenesis. However, the exact molecular basis for the pathogenesis and oncogenesis of ALV-J is still not fully understood. In this study, ALV-J infection and the overexpression of Env could efficiently downregulate the phosphorylation of SHP-2 (pSHP-2) in vitro and in vivo. The membrane-spanning domain (MSD) in Env Gp37 was the functional domain responsible for pSHP-2 downregulation. Moreover, the overexpression of SHP-2 could effectively promote the replication of ALV-J, whereas knockout or allosteric inhibition of SHP-2 could inhibit ALV-J replication. In addition, the knockout of endogenous chicken SHP-2 could significantly increase the proliferation ability of DF-1 cells. All these data demonstrate that SHP-2 dephosphorylated by ALV-J Env could efficiently promote ALV-J replication, highlighting the important role of SHP-2 in the pathogenesis of ALV-J and providing a new target for developing antiviral drugs against ALV-J.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuofan Li
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaohui Yao
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunping Li
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Luyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Quan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongxia Shao
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Aijian Qin
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianqiang Ye
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
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21
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Niclosamide suppresses the expansion of follicular helper T cells and alleviates disease severity in two murine models of lupus via STAT3. J Transl Med 2021; 19:86. [PMID: 33632240 PMCID: PMC7908700 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02760-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Autoantibody production against endogenous cellular components is pathogenic feature of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Follicular helper T (TFH) cells aid in B cell differentiation into autoantibody-producing plasma cells (PCs). The IL-6 and IL-21 cytokine-mediated STAT3 signaling are crucial for the differentiation to TFH cells. Niclosamide is an anti-helminthic drug used to treat parasitic infections but also exhibits a therapeutic effect on autoimmune diseases due to its potential immune regulatory effects. In this study, we examined whether niclosamide treatment could relieve lupus-like autoimmunity by modulating the differentiation of TFH cells in two murine models of lupus. Methods 10-week-old MRL/lpr mice were orally administered with 100 mg/kg of niclosamide or with 0.5% methylcellulose (MC, vehicle) daily for 7 weeks. TLR7 agonist, resiquimod was topically applied to an ear of 8-week-old C57BL/6 mice 3 times a week for 5 weeks. And they were orally administered with 100 mg/kg of niclosamide or with 0.5% MC daily for 5 weeks. Every mouse was analyzed for lupus nephritis, proteinuria, autoantibodies, immune complex, immune cell subsets at the time of the euthanization. Results Niclosamide treatment greatly improved proteinuria, anti-dsDNA antibody levels, immunoglobulin subclass titers, histology of lupus nephritis, and C3 deposition in MRL/lpr and R848-induced mice. In addition, niclosamide inhibited the proportion of TFH cells and PCs in the spleens of these animals, and effectively suppressed differentiation of TFH-like cells and expression of associated genes in vitro. Conclusions Niclosamide exerted therapeutic effects on murine lupus models by suppressing TFH cells and plasma cells through STAT3 inhibition. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-021-02760-2.
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22
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Cai Z, Zhang S, Wu P, Ren Q, Wei P, Hong M, Feng Y, Wong CK, Tang H, Zeng H. A novel potential target of IL-35-regulated JAK/STAT signaling pathway in lupus nephritis. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e309. [PMID: 33634995 PMCID: PMC7851357 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we have investigated the potential regulatory mechanisms of IL-35 to relieve lupus nephritis (LN) through regulating Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway in mesangial cells. RESULTS Among 105 significant differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) patients with LN and healthy controls, LAIR1, PDGFRβ, VTN, EPHB4, and EPHA4 were downregulated in JSLE-LN. They consist of an interactive network with PTPN11 and FN1, which involved in IL-35-related JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Besides, urinary LAIR1 was significantly correlated with JSLE-LN clinical parameters such as SLEDAI-2K, %CD19+ B, and %CD3+ T cells. Through bioinformatics analysis of co-immunoprecipitation with mass spectrometry results, including GO, KEGG, and STRING, five genes interacted with Lair1 were upregulated by IL-35, but only Myh10 was downregulated. Therefore, we presumed an interactive network among these DEPs, JAK/STAT, and IL-35. Moreover, the downregulated phosphorylated (p)-STAT3, p-p38 MAPK, and p-ERK, and the upregulated p-JAK2/p-STAT1/4 in IL-35 overexpressed mesangial cells, and RNA-sequencing results validated the potential regulatory mechanisms of IL-35 in alleviating JSLE-LN disease. Moreover, the relieved histopathological features of nephritis including urine protein and leukocyte scores, a decreased %CD90+ αSMA+ mesangial cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines, the inactivated JAK/STAT signals and the significant upregulated Tregs in spleen, thymus and peripheral blood were validated in Tregs and IL-35 overexpression plasmid-treated lupus mice. CONCLUSIONS Our study provided a reference proteomic map of urinary biomarkers for JSLE-LN and elucidated evidence that IL-35 may regulate the interactive network of LAIR1-PTPN11-JAK-STAT-FN1 to affect JAK/STAT and MAPK signaling pathways to alleviate inflammation in JSLE-LN. This finding may provide a further prospective mechanism for JSLE-LN clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Cai
- The Joint Center for Infection and Immunity, Guangzhou Institute of PediatricsGuangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Meidcal University, Guangzhou, ChinaInstitute Pasteur of ShanghaiChinese Academy of ScienceShanghaiChina
- Department of AllergyImmunology and RheumatologyGuangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Meidcal UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Chemical PathologyPrince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal PlantsThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Song Zhang
- Department of AllergyImmunology and RheumatologyGuangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Meidcal UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Jinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ping Wu
- Department of AllergyImmunology and RheumatologyGuangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Meidcal UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Qi Ren
- Department of AllergyImmunology and RheumatologyGuangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Meidcal UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ping Wei
- Department of AllergyImmunology and RheumatologyGuangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Meidcal UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ming Hong
- Institute of Advanced Diagnostic and Clinical Medicine, Zhongshan People's HospitalGuangzhou University & Zhongshan People's Hospital Joint Biomedical Institute2 Sunwen East RoadZhongshanChina
| | - Yu Feng
- Department of TraumatologyNingxia Hui Autonomous RegionGeneral Hospital of Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuanChina
| | - Chun Kwok Wong
- Department of Chemical PathologyPrince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal PlantsThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Hong Tang
- Institute Pasteur of ShanghaiChinese Academy of ScienceShanghaiChina
| | - Huasong Zeng
- Department of AllergyImmunology and RheumatologyGuangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Meidcal UniversityGuangzhouChina
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23
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Castro-Sanchez P, Teagle AR, Prade S, Zamoyska R. Modulation of TCR Signaling by Tyrosine Phosphatases: From Autoimmunity to Immunotherapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:608747. [PMID: 33425916 PMCID: PMC7793860 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.608747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Early TCR signaling is dependent on rapid phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of multiple signaling and adaptor proteins, leading to T cell activation. This process is tightly regulated by an intricate web of interactions between kinases and phosphatases. A number of tyrosine phosphatases have been shown to modulate T cell responses and thus alter T cell fate by negatively regulating early TCR signaling. Mutations in some of these enzymes are associated with enhanced predisposition to autoimmunity in humans, and mouse models deficient in orthologous genes often show T cell hyper-activation. Therefore, phosphatases are emerging as potential targets in situations where it is desirable to enhance T cell responses, such as immune responses to tumors. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about tyrosine phosphatases that regulate early TCR signaling and discuss their involvement in autoimmunity and their potential as targets for tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Castro-Sanchez
- Ashworth Laboratories, Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra R Teagle
- Ashworth Laboratories, Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Sonja Prade
- Ashworth Laboratories, Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Rose Zamoyska
- Ashworth Laboratories, Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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24
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Chang CJ, Lin CF, Lee CH, Chuang HC, Shih FC, Wan SW, Tai C, Chen CL. Overcoming interferon (IFN)-γ resistance ameliorates transforming growth factor (TGF)-β-mediated lung fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition and bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 183:114356. [PMID: 33285108 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal activation of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is a common cause of fibroblast activation and fibrosis. In bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung fibrosis, the marked expression of phospho-Src homology-2 domain-containing phosphatase (SHP) 2, phospho-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3, and suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) 3 was highly associated with pulmonary parenchymal lesions and collagen deposition. Human pulmonary fibroblasts differentiated into myofibroblasts exhibited activation of SHP2, SOCS3, protein inhibitor of activated STAT1, STAT3, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10. The significant retardation of interferon (IFN)-γ signaling in myofibroblasts was revealed by the decreased expression of phospho-STAT1, IFN-γ-associated genes, and IFN-γ-inducible protein (IP) 10. Microarray analysis showed an induction of fibrotic genes in TGF-β1-differentiated myofibroblasts, whereas IFN-γ-regulated anti-fibrotic genes were suppressed. Interestingly, BIBF 1120 treatment effectively inhibited both STAT3 and SHP2 phosphorylation in TGF-β1-differentiated myofibroblasts and BLM fibrotic lung tissues, which was accompanied by suppression of fibroblast-myofibroblast transition. Moreover, the combined treatment of BIBF 1120 plus IFN-γ or SHP2 inhibitor PHPS1 plus IFN-γ markedly reduced TGF-β1-induced α-smooth muscle actin and further ameliorated BLM lung fibrosis. Accordingly, myofibroblasts were hyporesponsiveness to IFN-γ, while blockade of SHP2 contributed to the anti-fibrotic efficacy of IFN-γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Jung Chang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiou-Feng Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Lee
- Divisions of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Chi Chuang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Chia Shih
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wen Wan
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi Tai
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ling Chen
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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25
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Tripathi RKP, Ayyannan SR. Emerging chemical scaffolds with potential SHP2 phosphatase inhibitory capabilities - A comprehensive review. Chem Biol Drug Des 2020; 97:721-773. [PMID: 33191603 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The drug discovery panorama is cluttered with promising therapeutic targets that have been deserted because of inadequate authentication and screening failures. Molecular targets formerly tagged as "undruggable" are nowadays being more cautiously cross-examined, and whilst they stay intriguing, numerous targets are emerging more accessible. Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) excellently exemplifies a class of molecular targets that have transpired as druggable, with several small molecules and antibodies recently turned available for further development. In this respect, SHP2, a PTP, has emerged as one of the potential targets in the current pharmacological research, particularly for cancer, due to its critical role in various signalling pathways. Recently, few molecules with excellent potency have entered clinical trials, but none could reach the clinic. Consequently, search for novel, non-toxic, and specific SHP2 inhibitors are on purview. In this review, general aspects of SHP2 including its structure and mechanistic role in carcinogenesis have been presented. It also sheds light on the development of novel molecular architectures belonging to diverse chemical classes that have been proposed as SHP2-specific inhibitors along with their structure-activity relationships (SARs), stemming from chemical, mechanism-based and computer-aided studies reported since January 2015 to July 2020 (excluding patents), focusing on their potency and selectivity. The encyclopedic facts and discussions presented herein will hopefully facilitate researchers to design new ligands with better efficacy and selectivity against SHP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rati Kailash Prasad Tripathi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Sushruta School of Medical and Paramedical Sciences, Assam University (A Central University), Silchar, Assam, India.,Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Senthil Raja Ayyannan
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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26
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells Activate the MEK/ERK Signaling Pathway and Enhance DNA Methylation via DNMT1 in PBMC from Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:4174082. [PMID: 33282947 PMCID: PMC7685810 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4174082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The defective MEK/ERK signaling pathway and downstream hypomethylation pattern of lymphocytes are crucial for the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the role that the mesenchymal stem cells play in the MEK/ERK signaling pathway and DNA methylation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from SLE patients remains unknown. In this study, we found that the MEK/ERK signaling pathway of PBMC from SLE patients was activated after the coculture with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) compared with that from the control group. In addition, the expression level of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) increased while the levels of CD70, integrin, alpha L (ITGAL), selectin-l, and IL-13 were reduced in PBMC from SLE patients. However, no obvious effect of BM-MSC on PBMC from healthy controls was observed. These findings revealed that BM-MSC might downregulate the expression of methylation-sensitive genes and then suppress the autoactivated PBMC via the MEK/ERK signaling pathway. And it may be one of the mechanisms that BM-MSC ameliorated SLE.
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27
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Jang SG, Lee J, Hong SM, Kwok SK, Cho ML, Park SH. Metformin enhances the immunomodulatory potential of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells through STAT1 in an animal model of lupus. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2020; 59:1426-1438. [PMID: 31904843 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered potential therapeutic agents for treating autoimmune disease because of their immunomodulatory capacities and anti-inflammatory effects. However, several studies have shown that there is no consistency in the effectiveness of the MSCs to treat autoimmune disease, including SLE. In this study, we investigated whether metformin could enhance the immunoregulatory function of MSCs, what mechanism is relevant, and whether metformin-treated MSCs could be effective in an animal lupus model. METHODS Adipose-derived (Ad)-MSCs were cultured for 72 h in the presence of metformin. Immunoregulatory factors expression was analysed by real-time PCR and ELISA. MRL/lpr mice weekly injected intravenously with 1 × 106 Ad-MSCs or metformin-treated Ad-MSCs for 8 weeks. 16-week-old mice were sacrificed and proteinuria, anti-dsDNA IgG antibody, glomerulonephritis, immune complex, cellular subset were analysed in each group. RESULTS Metformin enhanced the immunomodulatory functions of Ad-MSCs including IDO, IL-10 and TGF-β. Metformin upregulated the expression of p-AMPK, p-STAT1 and inhibited the expression of p-STAT3, p-mTOR in Ad-MSCs. STAT1 inhibition by siRNA strongly diminished IDO, IL-10, TGF-β in metformin-treated Ad-MSCs. As a result, metformin promoted the immunoregulatory effect of Ad-MSCs by enhancing STAT1 expression, which was dependent on the AMPK/mTOR pathway. Administration of metformin-treated Ad-MSCs resulted in significant disease activity improvement including inflammatory phenotype, glomerulonephritis, proteinuria and anti-dsDNA IgG antibody production in MRL/lpr mice. Moreover, metformin-treated Ad-MSCs inhibited CD4-CD8- T-cell expansion and Th17/Treg cell ratio. CONCLUSION Metformin optimized the immunoregulatory properties of Ad-MSCs and may be a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Gwang Jang
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical ScienceThe Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeseon Lee
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical ScienceThe Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Min Hong
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical ScienceThe Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ki Kwok
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical ScienceThe Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-La Cho
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical ScienceThe Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Park
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical ScienceThe Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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28
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Phosphatase-independent functions of SHP2 and its regulation by small molecule compounds. J Pharmacol Sci 2020; 144:139-146. [PMID: 32921395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
SHP2 is a non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase encoded by the PTPN11 gene in human. Clinically, SHP2 has been identified as a causal factor of several diseases, such as Noonan syndrome, LEOPARD syndrome as well as myeloid malignancies. Interestingly, both loss-of-function and gain-of-function mutations occur in the PTPN11 gene. Analyses by biochemical and cell biological means as well as probing with small molecule compounds have demonstrated that SHP2 has both phosphatase-dependent and independent functions. In comparison with its phosphatase activity, the non-phosphatase-like function of SHP2 has not been well introduced or summarized. This review mainly focuses on the phosphatase-independent functions and its regulation by small molecule compounds as well as their use for disease therapy.
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29
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Kyritsi EM, Kanaka-Gantenbein C. Autoimmune Thyroid Disease in Specific Genetic Syndromes in Childhood and Adolescence. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:543. [PMID: 32973676 PMCID: PMC7466763 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD) is the most frequent cause of acquired thyroid dysfunction, most commonly presenting either as Hashimoto's thyroiditis or Graves' Disease. Hashimoto's thyroiditis is characterized by the presence of thyroid-specific autoantibodies, more commonly anti-thyroperoxidase antibodies in the serum and the typical inhomogeneous echostructure of the thyroid on a thyroid ultrasound examination. Hashimoto's thyroiditis can for a long time be accompanied by normal thyroid function and hypothyroidism can only progressively be established. Graves' disease is much less frequent in childhood and adolescence and presents with overt hyperthyroidism. After the onset of puberty, ATD affects females with a higher incidence than males, while during the prepubertal period there is not such a clear preponderance of affected females. ATD can occur either isolated or in the context of other autoimmune disorders, such as type 1 Diabetes mellitus (T1D), celiac disease, alopecia areata, vitiligo, etc. Especially at the pediatric age, a higher incidence of ATD is also observed in the context of specific genetic syndromes, such as trisomy 21 (Down syndrome), Klinefelter syndrome, Turner syndrome, or 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Nevertheless, although thyroid dysfunction may also be observed in other genetic syndromes, such as Prader-Willi or Williams syndrome, the thyroid dysfunction in these syndromes is not the result of thyroid autoimmunity. Interestingly, there is emerging evidence supporting a possible link between autoimmunity and RASopathies. In this review article the incidence, as well as the clinical manifestation and accompanied pathologies of ATD in specific genetic syndromes will be presented and regular follow-up for the early identification of the disorder will be proposed.
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30
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Castro-Sánchez P, Aguilar-Sopeña O, Alegre-Gómez S, Ramirez-Munoz R, Roda-Navarro P. Regulation of CD4 + T Cell Signaling and Immunological Synapse by Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases: Molecular Mechanisms in Autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1447. [PMID: 31297117 PMCID: PMC6607956 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell activation and effector function is mediated by the formation of a long-lasting interaction established between T cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs) called immunological synapse (IS). During T cell activation, different signaling molecules as well as the cytoskeleton and the endosomal compartment are polarized to the IS. This molecular dynamics is tightly regulated by phosphorylation networks, which are controlled by protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). While some PTPs are known to be important regulators of adhesion, ligand discrimination or the stimulation threshold, there is still little information about the regulatory role of PTPs in cytoskeleton rearrangements and endosomal compartment dynamics. Besides, spatial and temporal regulation of PTPs and substrates at the IS is only barely known. Consistent with an important role of PTPs in T cell activation, multiple mutations as well as altered expression levels or dynamic behaviors have been associated with autoimmune diseases. However, the precise mechanism for the regulation of T cell activation and effector function by PTPs in health and autoimmunity is not fully understood. Herein, we review the current knowledge about the regulatory role of PTPs in CD4+ T cell activation, IS assembly and effector function. The potential molecular mechanisms mediating the action of these enzymes in autoimmune disorders are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Castro-Sánchez
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,Health Research Institute '12 de Octubre (imas12)', Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Aguilar-Sopeña
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,Health Research Institute '12 de Octubre (imas12)', Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Alegre-Gómez
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,Health Research Institute '12 de Octubre (imas12)', Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocio Ramirez-Munoz
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,Health Research Institute '12 de Octubre (imas12)', Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Roda-Navarro
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,Health Research Institute '12 de Octubre (imas12)', Madrid, Spain
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31
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Cryptotanshinone ameliorates the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus by blocking T cell proliferation. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 74:105677. [PMID: 31177018 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, devastating autoimmune disorder associated with severe organ damage. Recently, the role of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) in murine lupus has been described, suggesting the involvement of STAT3 signaling in the development of SLE. Cryptotanshinone (CTS) is an effective inhibitor of STAT3; however its potential as a SLE treatment remains to be explored. To determine the function of CTS in SLE, we treated MRL/lpr female mice with CTS. Firstly, we found CTS treatment reversed the elevated STAT3 signaling of spleens in lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice, accompanying with a dramatically decreased number of T cells, especially double-negative (DN) T cells. Further research showed that CTS inhibited T cell proliferation via suppressing of STAT3 activation in vitro and in vivo. Consistently, we also proved that CTS treatment significantly alleviated autoimmune response including notably diminished skin lesions, reduced spleen size and increased life span. In addition, CTS treatment decreased the levels of auto-antibodies and pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as normalized structure and function of kidneys. All these data suggested that CTS treatment depressed STAT3 phosphorylation, which resulted in blocked DN T cell proliferation and finally attenuated the spontaneous SLE development. Taken together, our data identify CTS as a potential therapeutic drug for SLE patients.
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32
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Crispin JC, Hedrich CM, Suárez-Fueyo A, Comte D, Tsokos GC. SLE-Associated Defects Promote Altered T Cell Function. Crit Rev Immunol 2019; 37:39-58. [PMID: 29431078 DOI: 10.1615/critrevimmunol.2018025213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease linked to profound defects in the function and phenotype of T lymphocytes. Here, we describe abnormal signaling pathways that have been documented in T cells from patients with SLE and discuss how they impact gene expression and immune function, in order to understand how they contribute to disease development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose C Crispin
- Departamento de Inmunologia y Reumatologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Christian M Hedrich
- Department of Women's & Children's Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Abel Suárez-Fueyo
- Department of Rheumatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Denis Comte
- Divisions of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - George C Tsokos
- Department of Rheumatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Roeser A, Cohen-Aubart F, Breillat P, Miyara M, Emile JF, Charlotte F, Donadieu J, Amoura Z, Haroche J. Autoimmunity associated with Erdheim-Chester disease improves with BRAF/MEK inhibitors. Haematologica 2019; 104:e502-e505. [PMID: 30923093 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.214007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Roeser
- Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Médecine Interne 2, Centre National de Référence Maladies Systémiques Rares et Histiocytoses, Paris-75013
| | - Fleur Cohen-Aubart
- Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Médecine Interne 2, Centre National de Référence Maladies Systémiques Rares et Histiocytoses, Paris-75013
| | - Paul Breillat
- Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Médecine Interne 2, Centre National de Référence Maladies Systémiques Rares et Histiocytoses, Paris-75013
| | - Makoto Miyara
- Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département d'immunochimie, Paris-75013
| | - Jean-François Emile
- EA4340, Université Versailles-Saint Quentin, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Département de Pathologie, Boulogne-92100
| | - Frédéric Charlotte
- Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service d'Anatomopathologie, Paris-75013
| | - Jean Donadieu
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Trousseau, Service d'Hématologie Pédiatrique, Paris-75012, France
| | - Zahir Amoura
- Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Médecine Interne 2, Centre National de Référence Maladies Systémiques Rares et Histiocytoses, Paris-75013
| | - Julien Haroche
- Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Médecine Interne 2, Centre National de Référence Maladies Systémiques Rares et Histiocytoses, Paris-75013
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Imaruoka K, Oe Y, Fushima T, Sato E, Sekimoto A, Sato H, Sugawara J, Ito S, Takahashi N. Nicotinamide alleviates kidney injury and pregnancy outcomes in lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice treated with lipopolysaccharide. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 510:587-593. [PMID: 30739788 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.01.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) increases the risk of preterm birth and preeclampsia (PE). The flares of SLE during pregnancy or after delivery are also problematic. We have previously demonstrated that nicotinamide (NAM), a non-teratogenic amide of vitamin B3, reduces inflammation and oxidative stress and improves PE-like phenotype and pregnancy outcomes in the mouse models of PE. The present study aimed to establish a model to investigate the pregnancy outcomes and flares of SLE in pregnant mice with SLE and to examine whether NAM is beneficial to pregnant mice with SLE. We used pregnant and non-pregnant lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice treated with or without a Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligand lipopolysaccharide (LPS) because TLR4 signaling reportedly exacerbates SLE and pregnancy; MRL/+ mice were used as controls. Blood pressure (BP) and urinary albumin excretion were increased only in the pregnant MRL/lpr-LPS mice. LPS together with pregnancy exacerbated glomerulonephritis, and the most severe inflammation was observed in the kidneys of the pregnant MRL/lpr-LPS mice. The shortening of pregnancy periods, increase in fetal demise percentage, and reduction in fetal weight were observed only in the pregnant MRL/lpr-LPS mice. NAM improved BP and kidney injury, prolonged pregnancy periods, and improved fetal growth in the pregnant MRL/lpr-LPS mice. The results suggest that SLE patients are prone to develop poor pregnancy outcome, and likely develop severe nephropathy and kidney inflammation. NAM may be a novel therapeutic option that improves kidney injury and pregnancy outcomes, thereby benefiting pregnant patients with SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Imaruoka
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yuji Oe
- Division of Feto-Maternal Medical Science, Department of Community Medical Support, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan; Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0083, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Fushima
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Emiko Sato
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan; Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Akiyo Sekimoto
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan; Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sato
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan; Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Junichi Sugawara
- Division of Feto-Maternal Medical Science, Department of Community Medical Support, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Sadayoshi Ito
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Takahashi
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan; Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan.
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Kostrzewa T, Sahu KK, Gorska-Ponikowska M, Tuszynski JA, Kuban-Jankowska A. Synthesis of small peptide compounds, molecular docking, and inhibitory activity evaluation against phosphatases PTP1B and SHP2. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 12:4139-4147. [PMID: 30584278 PMCID: PMC6287413 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s186614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Background The protein tyrosine phosphatases PTP1B and SHP2 are promising drug targets in treatment design for breast cancer. Searching for specific inhibitors of their activity has recently become the challenge of many studies. Previous work has indicated that the promising PTP inhibitors may be small compounds that are able to bind and interact with amino residues from the binding site. Purpose The main goal of our study was to synthesize and analyze the effect of selected small peptide inhibitors on oncogenic PTP1B and SHP2 enzymatic activity and viability of MCF7 breast cancer cells. We also performed computational analysis of peptides binding with allosteric sites of PTP1B and SHP2 phosphatases. Methods We measured the inhibitory activity of compounds utilizing recombinant enzymes and MCF7 cell line. Computational analysis involved docking studies of binding conformation and interactions of inhibitors with allosteric sites of phosphatases. Results The results showed that the tested compounds decrease the enzymatic activity of phosphatases PTP1B and SHP2 with IC50 values in micromolar ranges. We observed higher inhibitory activity of dipeptides than tripeptides. Phe-Asp was the most effective against SHP2 enzymatic activity, with IC50=5.2±0.4 µM. Micromolar concentrations of tested dipeptides also decreased the viability of MCF7 breast cancer cells, with higher inhibitory activity observed for the Phe-Asp peptide. Moreover, the peptides tested were able to bind and interact with allosteric sites of PTP1B and SHP2 phosphatases. Conclusion Our research showed that small peptide compounds can be considered for the design of specific inhibitors of oncogenic protein tyrosine phosphatases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Kostrzewa
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland,
| | - Kamlesh K Sahu
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Jack A Tuszynski
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Dorenkamp M, Müller JP, Shanmuganathan KS, Schulten H, Müller N, Löffler I, Müller UA, Wolf G, Böhmer FD, Godfrey R, Waltenberger J. Hyperglycaemia-induced methylglyoxal accumulation potentiates VEGF resistance of diabetic monocytes through the aberrant activation of tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2/SRC kinase signalling axis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14684. [PMID: 30279491 PMCID: PMC6168515 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33014-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major cardiovascular risk factor contributing to cardiovascular complications by inducing vascular cell dysfunction. Monocyte dysfunction could contribute to impaired arteriogenesis response in DM patients. DM monocytes show blunted chemotactic responses to arteriogenic stimuli, a condition termed as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) resistance. We hypothesize that methylglyoxal (MG), a glucose metabolite, induces monocyte dysfunction and aimed to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Human monocytes exposed to MG or monocytes from DM patients or mice (db/db) showed VEGF-resistance secondary to a pro-migratory phenotype. Mechanistically, DM conditions or MG exposure resulted in the upregulation of the expression of SHP-2 phosphatase. This led to the enhanced activity of SHP-2 and aided an interaction with SRC kinase. SHP-2 dephosphorylated the inhibitory phosphorylation site of SRC leading to its abnormal activation and phosphorylation of cytoskeletal protein, paxillin. We demonstrated that MG-induced molecular changes could be reversed by pharmacological inhibitors of SHP-2 and SRC and by genetic depletion of SHP-2. Finally, a SHP-2 inhibitor completely reversed the dysfunction of monocytes isolated from DM patients and db/db mice. In conclusion, we identified SHP-2 as a hitherto unknown target for improving monocyte function in diabetes. This opens novel perspectives for treating diabetic complications associated with impaired monocyte function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Dorenkamp
- Experimental and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003-CiM), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jörg P Müller
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Centre for Molecular Biomedicine, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Kallipatti Sanjith Shanmuganathan
- Experimental and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003-CiM), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Henny Schulten
- Experimental and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nicolle Müller
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Ivonne Löffler
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrich A Müller
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Gunter Wolf
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Frank-D Böhmer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Centre for Molecular Biomedicine, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Rinesh Godfrey
- Experimental and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany. .,Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht, The Netherlands. .,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003-CiM), University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
| | - Johannes Waltenberger
- Experimental and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany. .,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003-CiM), University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
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Zehender A, Huang J, Györfi AH, Matei AE, Trinh-Minh T, Xu X, Li YN, Chen CW, Lin J, Dees C, Beyer C, Gelse K, Zhang ZY, Bergmann C, Ramming A, Birchmeier W, Distler O, Schett G, Distler JHW. The tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 controls TGFβ-induced STAT3 signaling to regulate fibroblast activation and fibrosis. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3259. [PMID: 30108215 PMCID: PMC6092362 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05768-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled activation of TGFβ signaling is a common denominator of fibrotic tissue remodeling. Here we characterize the tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 as a molecular checkpoint for TGFβ-induced JAK2/STAT3 signaling and as a potential target for the treatment of fibrosis. TGFβ stimulates the phosphatase activity of SHP2, although this effect is in part counterbalanced by inhibitory effects on SHP2 expression. Stimulation with TGFβ promotes recruitment of SHP2 to JAK2 in fibroblasts with subsequent dephosphorylation of JAK2 at Y570 and activation of STAT3. The effects of SHP2 on STAT3 activation translate into major regulatory effects of SHP2 on fibroblast activation and tissue fibrosis. Genetic or pharmacologic inactivation of SHP2 promotes accumulation of JAK2 phosphorylated at Y570, reduces JAK2/STAT3 signaling, inhibits TGFβ-induced fibroblast activation and ameliorates dermal and pulmonary fibrosis. Given the availability of potent SHP2 inhibitors, SHP2 might thus be a potential target for the treatment of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariella Zehender
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jingang Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Andrea-Hermina Györfi
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexandru-Emil Matei
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thuong Trinh-Minh
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Xiaohan Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yi-Nan Li
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Chih-Wei Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jianping Lin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive Indiana, West Lafayette, 47907, USA
| | - Clara Dees
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Beyer
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kolja Gelse
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Krankenhausstraße 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Zhong-Yin Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive Indiana, West Lafayette, 47907, USA
| | - Christina Bergmann
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Ramming
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Walter Birchmeier
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13092, Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Distler
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Gloriastrasse 25, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jörg H W Distler
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
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Lo MS. Insights Gained From the Study of Pediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1278. [PMID: 29922296 PMCID: PMC5996073 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been intensely studied but remains incompletely defined. Currently, multiple mechanisms are known to contribute to the development of SLE. These include inadequate clearance of apoptotic debris, aberrant presentation of self nucleic antigens, loss of tolerance, and inappropriate activation of T and B cells. Genetic, hormonal, and environmental influences are also known to play a role. The study of lupus in children, in whom there is presumed to be greater genetic influence, has led to new understandings that are applicable to SLE pathophysiology as a whole. In particular, characterization of inherited disorders associated with excessive type I interferon production has elucidated specific mechanisms by which interferon is induced in SLE. In this review, we discuss several monogenic forms of lupus presenting in childhood and also review recent insights gained from cytokine and autoantibody profiling of pediatric SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mindy S Lo
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Hsu AY, Gurol T, Sobreira TJP, Zhang S, Moore N, Cai C, Zhang ZY, Deng Q. Development and Characterization of an Endotoxemia Model in Zebra Fish. Front Immunol 2018; 9:607. [PMID: 29651289 PMCID: PMC5884884 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endotoxemia is a condition in which endotoxins enter the blood stream and cause systemic and sometimes lethal inflammation. Zebra fish provides a genetically tractable model organism for studying innate immunity, with additional advantages in live imaging and drug discovery. However, a bona fide endotoxemia model has not been established in zebra fish. Here, we have developed an acute endotoxemia model in zebra fish by injecting a single dose of LPS directly into the circulation. Hallmarks of human acute endotoxemia, including systemic inflammation, extensive tissue damage, circulation blockade, immune cell mobilization, and emergency hematopoiesis, were recapitulated in this model. Knocking out the adaptor protein Myd88 inhibited systemic inflammation and improved zebra fish survival. In addition, similar alternations of pathways with human acute endotoxemia were detected using global proteomic profiling and MetaCore™ pathway enrichment analysis. Furthermore, treating zebra fish with a protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 11 (Shp2) inhibitor decreased systemic inflammation, immune mobilization, tissue damage, and improved survival in the endotoxemia model. Together, we have established and characterized the phenotypic and gene expression changes of a zebra fish endotoxemia model, which is amenable to genetic and pharmacological discoveries that can ultimately lead to a better mechanistic understanding of the dynamics and interplay of the innate immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Y Hsu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Theodore Gurol
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Tiago J P Sobreira
- Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Natalie Moore
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Chufan Cai
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Zhong-Yin Zhang
- Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.,Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.,Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Qing Deng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.,Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.,Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
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40
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Xia Y, Tao JH, Fang X, Xiang N, Dai XJ, Jin L, Li XM, Wang YP, Li XP. MicroRNA-326 Upregulates B Cell Activity and Autoantibody Production in Lupus Disease of MRL/lpr Mice. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2018; 11:284-291. [PMID: 29858063 PMCID: PMC5992445 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
B cells are recognized as key participants in various autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Although sets of transcription factors and cytokines are known to regulate B cell differentiation, the roles of microRNAs are poorly understood. Our previous study proved that microRNA-326 (miR-326) was markedly upregulated in SLE patients; however, the biological function of miR-326 during SLE pathogenesis remained unknown. In this study, we found that miR-326 overexpression in MRL/lpr mice led to B cell hyperactivity and severe SLE. Moreover, E26 transformation-specific-1 (Ets-1), a negative regulator of B cell differentiation, was identified as a target of miR-326. Therefore, a novel mechanism has been found in which the elevated miR-326 in B cells of SLE promotes plasmablast development and antibody production through downregulation of Ets-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xia
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated with Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Jin-Hui Tao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated with Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Xuan Fang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated with Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Nan Xiang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated with Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Dai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated with Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Li Jin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated with Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated with Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Yi-Ping Wang
- Centre for Transplantation and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Xiang-Pei Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated with Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China.
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41
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Recent advances in understanding the role of protein-tyrosine phosphatases in development and disease. Dev Biol 2017; 428:283-292. [PMID: 28728679 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) remove phosphate groups from tyrosine residues, and thereby propagate or inhibit signal transduction, and hence influence cellular processes such as cell proliferation and differentiation. The importance of tightly controlled PTP activity is reflected by the numerous mechanisms employed by the cell to control PTP activity, including a variety of post-translational modifications, and restricted subcellular localization. This review highlights the strides made in the last decade and discusses the important role of PTPs in key aspects of embryonic development: the regulation of stem cell self-renewal and differentiation, gastrulation and somitogenesis during early embryonic development, osteogenesis, and angiogenesis. The tentative importance of PTPs in these processes is highlighted by the diseases that present upon aberrant activity.
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Transancestral mapping and genetic load in systemic lupus erythematosus. Nat Commun 2017; 8:16021. [PMID: 28714469 PMCID: PMC5520018 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms16021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with marked gender and ethnic disparities. We report a large transancestral association study of SLE using Immunochip genotype data from 27,574 individuals of European (EA), African (AA) and Hispanic Amerindian (HA) ancestry. We identify 58 distinct non-HLA regions in EA, 9 in AA and 16 in HA (∼50% of these regions have multiple independent associations); these include 24 novel SLE regions (P<5 × 10−8), refined association signals in established regions, extended associations to additional ancestries, and a disentangled complex HLA multigenic effect. The risk allele count (genetic load) exhibits an accelerating pattern of SLE risk, leading us to posit a cumulative hit hypothesis for autoimmune disease. Comparing results across the three ancestries identifies both ancestry-dependent and ancestry-independent contributions to SLE risk. Our results are consistent with the unique and complex histories of the populations sampled, and collectively help clarify the genetic architecture and ethnic disparities in SLE. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with a strong ethnic and gender bias. In a transancestral genetic association study, Langefeld et al. identify 24 novel regions associated with risk to lupus and propose a cumulative hits hypothesis for loci conferring risk to SLE.
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Growth Factor Midkine Promotes T-Cell Activation through Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells Signaling and Th1 Cell Differentiation in Lupus Nephritis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2017; 187:740-751. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Protein tyrosine phosphatase Shp2 deficiency in podocytes attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced proteinuria. Sci Rep 2017; 7:461. [PMID: 28352079 PMCID: PMC5428720 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00564-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Podocytes are specialized epithelial cells that play a significant role in maintaining the integrity of the glomerular filtration barrier and preventing urinary protein leakage. We investigated the contribution of protein tyrosine phosphatase Shp2 to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced renal injury. We report increased Shp2 expression in murine kidneys and cultured podocytes following an LPS challenge. To determine the role of podocyte Shp2 in vivo, we generated podocyte-specific Shp2 knockout (pod-Shp2 KO) mice. Following administration of LPS, pod-Shp2 KO mice exhibited lower proteinuria and blood urea nitrogen concentrations than controls indicative of preserved filter integrity. In addition, renal mRNA and serum concentrations of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNFα, INFγ and IL-12 p70 were significantly decreased in LPS-treated knockout mice compared with controls. Moreover, the protective effects of podocyte Shp2 deficiency were associated with decreased LPS-induced NF-κB and MAPK activation, nephrin phosphorylation and attenuated endoplasmic reticulum stress. These effects were recapitulated in differentiated E11 murine podocytes with lentiviral-mediated Shp2 knockdown. Furthermore, Shp2 deficient podocytes displayed reduced LPS-induced migration in a wound healing assay. These findings identify Shp2 in podocytes as a significant contributor to the signaling events following LPS challenge and suggest that inhibition of Shp2 in podocytes may present a potential therapeutic target for podocytopathies.
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Aparicio-Soto M, Sánchéz-Hidalgo M, Cárdeno A, Lucena JM, Gonzáléz-Escribano F, Castillo MJ, Alarcón-de-la-Lastra C. The phenolic fraction of extra virgin olive oil modulates the activation and the inflammatory response of T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and healthy donors. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28198144 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201601080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic multiorgan autoimmune disease characterized by immune deregulation, which involves altered T-cell response and imbalance of cytokine production. The phenolic fraction (PE) of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) possesses anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties and exerts preventive effects in murine models of immune-inflammatory diseases, such as SLE. The present study was designed to determine the in vitro effects of the PE from EVOO on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from inactive patients with SLE and healthy donors. METHODS AND RESULTS T-cell phenotype was investigated by flow cytometry, cytokine levels were determined by ELISA, and protein expression was detected by Western blot. The PE of EVOO decreased the frequency of CD69+ cells and the secretion of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-10. Moreover, PE increased the expression of I-kappa-B-α and decreased extracellular signal regulated kinase phosphorylation on PBMC from patients with SLE and healthy donors. CONCLUSION PE modulates cytokine production and attenuates induced T-cell activation, probably through NF-κB signaling pathway, providing the first evidence that PE from EVOO has an anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory role in SLE patients and it might therefore be considered as a dietary complement in SLE management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Aparicio-Soto
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Ana Cárdeno
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Lucena
- Department of Immunology, Biomedicine Institute of Seville (IBIS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Francisca Gonzáléz-Escribano
- Department of Immunology, Biomedicine Institute of Seville (IBIS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Maria Jesus Castillo
- Collagenosis and Pulmonary Hypertension Unit, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Seville, Spain
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Zhang ZY. Drugging the Undruggable: Therapeutic Potential of Targeting Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases. Acc Chem Res 2017; 50:122-129. [PMID: 27977138 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are essential signaling enzymes that, together with protein tyrosine kinases, regulate tyrosine phosphorylation inside the cell. Proper level of tyrosine phosphorylation is important for a diverse array of cellular processes, such as proliferation, metabolism, motility, and survival. Aberrant tyrosine phosphorylation, resulting from alteration of PTP expression, misregulation, and mutation, has been linked to the etiology of many human ailments including cancer, diabetes/obesity, autoimmune disorders, and infectious diseases. However, despite the fact that PTPs have been garnering attention as compelling drug targets, they remain a largely underexploited resource for therapeutic intervention. Indeed, PTPs have been widely dismissed as "undruggable", due to concerns that (1) the highly conserved active site (i.e., pTyr-binding pocket) makes it difficult to achieve inhibitor selectivity among closely related family members, and (2) the positive-charged active site prefers negatively charged molecules, which usually lack cell permeability. To address the issue of selectivity, we advanced a novel paradigm for the acquisition of highly potent and selective PTP inhibitors through generation of bivalent ligands that interact with both PTP active site and adjacent unique peripheral pockets. To overcome the bioavailability issue, we have identified nonhydrolyzable pTyr mimetics that are sufficiently polar to bind the PTP active site, yet still capable of efficiently penetrating cell membranes. We show that these pTyr mimetics interact in the desired inhibitory fashion with the PTP active site and tethering them to appropriate molecular fragments to engage less conserved interactions outside of PTP active site can increase PTP inhibitor potency and selectivity. We demonstrate through three pTyr mimetics fragment-based approaches that it is completely feasible to obtain highly potent and selective PTP inhibitors with robust in vivo efficacy in animal models of oncology, diabetes/obesity, autoimmune disorders, and tuberculosis. We hope that these results will help dispel concerns about the druggability of PTPs and entice further effort in fostering a PTP-based drug discovery enterprise. Well-characterized, potent, selective and bioactive inhibitors are essential tools for functional interrogation of PTPs in disease biology and target validation. They will also play a critical role in illuminating the druggability of PTPs and provide the groundwork for new therapies for the treatment of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Yin Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Chemistry, Center for Cancer
Research, and Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, 720
Clinic Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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Shipman L. SHP2 inhibition ameliorates disease in lupus-prone mice. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2016; 12:376. [DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2016.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Crunkhorn S. Reversing systemic lupus erythematosus. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2016; 15:456. [DOI: 10.1038/nrd.2016.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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