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Ogonowski NS, García-Marín LM, Fernando AS, Flores-Ocampo V, Rentería ME. Impact of genetic predisposition to late-onset neurodegenerative diseases on early life outcomes and brain structure. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:185. [PMID: 38605018 PMCID: PMC11009228 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02898-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Most patients with late-onset neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's have a complex aetiology resulting from numerous genetic risk variants of small effects located across the genome, environmental factors, and the interaction between genes and environment. Over the last decade, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and post-GWAS analyses have shed light on the polygenic architecture of these diseases, enabling polygenic risk scores (PRS) to estimate an individual's relative genetic liability for presenting with the disease. PRS can screen and stratify individuals based on their genetic risk, potentially years or even decades before the onset of clinical symptoms. An emerging body of evidence from various research studies suggests that genetic susceptibility to late-onset neurodegenerative diseases might impact early life outcomes, including cognitive function, brain structure and function, and behaviour. This article summarises recent findings exploring the potential impact of genetic susceptibility to neurodegenerative diseases on early life outcomes. A better understanding of the impact of genetic susceptibility to neurodegenerative diseases early in life could be valuable in disease screening, detection, and prevention and in informing treatment strategies before significant neural damage has occurred. However, ongoing studies have limitations. Overall, our review found several studies focused on APOE haplotypes and Alzheimer's risk, but a limited number of studies leveraging polygenic risk scores or focused on genetic susceptibility to other late-onset conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia S Ogonowski
- Mental Health & Neuroscience Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Luis M García-Marín
- Mental Health & Neuroscience Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Amali S Fernando
- Mental Health & Neuroscience Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Victor Flores-Ocampo
- Mental Health & Neuroscience Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Miguel E Rentería
- Mental Health & Neuroscience Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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Arrotta K, Ferguson L, Thompson N, Smuk V, Najm IM, Leu C, Lal D, Busch RM. Polygenic burden and its association with baseline cognitive function and postoperative cognitive outcome in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2024; 153:109692. [PMID: 38394790 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.109692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Demographic and disease factors are associated with cognitive deficits and postoperative cognitive declines in adults with pharmacoresistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), but the role of genetic factors in cognition in TLE is not well understood. Polygenic scores (PGS) for neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders and IQ have been associated with cognition in patient and healthy populations. In this exploratory study, we examined the relationship between PGS for Alzheimer's disease (AD), depression, and IQ and cognitive outcomes in adults with TLE. METHODS 202 adults with pharmacoresistant TLE had genotyping and completed neuropsychological evaluations as part of a presurgical work-up. A subset (n = 116) underwent temporal lobe resection and returned for postoperative cognitive testing. Logistic regression was used to determine if PGS for AD, depression, and IQ predicted baseline domain-specific cognitive function and cognitive phenotypes as well as postoperative language and memory decline. RESULTS No significant findings survived correction for multiple comparisons. Prior to correction, higher PGS for AD and depression (i.e., increased genetic risk for the disorder), but lower PGS for IQ (i.e., decreased genetic likelihood of high IQ) appeared possibly associated with baseline cognitive impairment in TLE. In comparison, higher PGS for AD and IQ appeared as possible risk factors for cognitive decline following temporal lobectomy, while the possible relationship between PGS for depression and post-operative cognitive outcome was mixed. SIGNIFICANCE We did not observe any relationships of large effect between PGS and cognitive function or postsurgical outcome; however, results highlight several promising trends in the data that warrant future investigation in larger samples better powered to detect small genetic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayela Arrotta
- Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Departments of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Lisa Ferguson
- Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Nicolas Thompson
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Victoria Smuk
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Imad M Najm
- Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Departments of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Costin Leu
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Dennis Lal
- Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and M.I.T., Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Robyn M Busch
- Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Departments of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Chen BH, Lin ZY, Zeng XX, Jiang YH, Geng F. LRP4-related signalling pathways and their regulatory role in neurological diseases. Brain Res 2024; 1825:148705. [PMID: 38065285 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
The mechanism of action of low-density lipoprotein receptor related protein 4 (LRP4) is mediated largely via the Agrin-LRP4-MuSK signalling pathway in the nervous system. LRP4 contributes to the development of synapses in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). It interacts with signalling molecules such as the amyloid beta-protein precursor (APP) and the wingless type protein (Wnt). Its mechanisms of action are complex and mediated via interaction between the pre-synaptic motor neuron and post-synaptic muscle cell in the PNS, which enhances the development of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). LRP4 may function differently in the central nervous system (CNS) than in the PNS, where it regulates ATP and glutamate release via astrocytes. It mayaffect the growth and development of the CNS by controlling the energy metabolism. LRP4 interacts with Agrin to maintain dendrite growth and density in the CNS. The goal of this article is to review the current studies involving relevant LRP4 signaling pathways in the nervous system. The review also discusses the clinical and etiological roles of LRP4 in neurological illnesses, such as myasthenia gravis, Alzheimer's disease and epilepsy. In this review, we provide a theoretical foundation for the pathogenesis and therapeutic application of LRP4 in neurologic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai-Hui Chen
- Department of Physiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Ze-Yu Lin
- Department of Physiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Xiao-Xue Zeng
- Department of Physiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Yi-Han Jiang
- Department of Physiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Fei Geng
- Department of Physiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
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He XY, Wu BS, Kuo K, Zhang W, Ma Q, Xiang ST, Li YZ, Wang ZY, Dong Q, Feng JF, Cheng W, Yu JT. Association between polygenic risk for Alzheimer's disease and brain structure in children and adults. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:109. [PMID: 37312172 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01256-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The correlations between genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) with comprehensive brain regions at a regional scale are still not well understood. We aim to explore whether these associations vary across different age stages. METHODS This study used large existing genome-wide association datasets to calculate polygenic risk score (PRS) for AD in two populations from the UK Biobank (N ~ 23 000) and Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (N ~ 4660) who had multimodal macrostructural and microstructural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) metrics. We used linear mixed-effect models to assess the strength of the association between AD PRS and multiple MRI metrics of regional brain structures at different stages of life. RESULTS Compared to those with lower PRSs, adolescents with higher PRSs had thinner cortex in the caudal anterior cingulate and supramarginal. In the middle-aged and elderly population, AD PRS had correlations with regional structure shrink primarily located in the cingulate, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, amygdala, and striatum, whereas the brain expansion was concentrated near the occipital lobe. Furthermore, both adults and adolescents with higher PRSs exhibited widespread white matter microstructural changes, indicated by decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) or increased mean diffusivity (MD). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our results suggest genetic loading for AD may influence brain structures in a highly dynamic manner, with dramatically different patterns at different ages. This age-specific change is consistent with the classical pattern of brain impairment observed in AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu He
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bang-Sheng Wu
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kevin Kuo
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Ma
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-Tong Xiang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Zhu Li
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zi-Yi Wang
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Feng Feng
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- ISTBI-ZJNU Algorithm Centre for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- ISTBI-ZJNU Algorithm Centre for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China.
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Yilmaz Z, Schaumberg K, Halvorsen M, Goodman EL, Brosof LC, Crowley JJ, Mathews CA, Mattheisen M, Breen G, Bulik CM, Micali N, Zerwas SC. Predicting eating disorder and anxiety symptoms using disorder-specific and transdiagnostic polygenic scores for anorexia nervosa and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychol Med 2023; 53:3021-3035. [PMID: 35243971 PMCID: PMC9440960 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721005079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical, epidemiological, and genetic findings support an overlap between eating disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and anxiety symptoms. However, little research has examined the role of genetics in the expression of underlying phenotypes. We investigated whether the anorexia nervosa (AN), OCD, or AN/OCD transdiagnostic polygenic scores (PGS) predict eating disorder, OCD, and anxiety symptoms in a large developmental cohort in a sex-specific manner. METHODS Using summary statistics from Psychiatric Genomics Consortium AN and OCD genome-wide association studies, we conducted an AN/OCD transdiagnostic genome-wide association meta-analysis. We then calculated AN, OCD, and AN/OCD PGS in participants from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children to predict eating disorder, OCD, and anxiety symptoms, stratified by sex (combined N = 3212-5369 per phenotype). RESULTS The PGS prediction of eating disorder, OCD, and anxiety phenotypes differed between sexes, although effect sizes were small. AN and AN/OCD PGS played a more prominent role in predicting eating disorder and anxiety risk than OCD PGS, especially in girls. AN/OCD PGS provided a small boost over AN PGS in the prediction of some anxiety symptoms. All three PGS predicted higher compulsive exercise across different developmental timepoints [β = 0.03 (s.e. = 0.01) for AN and AN/OCD PGS at age 14; β = 0.05 (s.e. = 0.02) for OCD PGS at age 16] in girls. CONCLUSIONS Compulsive exercise may have a transdiagnostic genetic etiology, and AN genetic risk may play a role in the presence of anxiety symptoms. Converging with prior twin literature, our results also suggest that some of the contribution of genetic risk may be sex-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Yilmaz
- National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus BSS, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katherine Schaumberg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Matthew Halvorsen
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Erica L. Goodman
- Department of Psychology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Leigh C. Brosof
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - James J. Crowley
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Carol A. Mathews
- Department of Psychiatry, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Manuel Mattheisen
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 10, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative of Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gerome Breen
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, King's College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust, London, UK
| | - Cynthia M. Bulik
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nadia Micali
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, HUG, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, HUG, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie C. Zerwas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Wu S, Xue Q, Yang M, Wang Y, Kim P, Zhou X, Huang L. Genetic control of RNA editing in neurodegenerative disease. Brief Bioinform 2023; 24:bbad007. [PMID: 36681936 PMCID: PMC10387301 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbad007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A-to-I RNA editing diversifies human transcriptome to confer its functional effects on the downstream genes or regulations, potentially involving in neurodegenerative pathogenesis. Its variabilities are attributed to multiple regulators, including the key factor of genetic variants. To comprehensively investigate the potentials of neurodegenerative disease-susceptibility variants from the view of A-to-I RNA editing, we analyzed matched genetic and transcriptomic data of 1596 samples across nine brain tissues and whole blood from two large consortiums, Accelerating Medicines Partnership-Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative. The large-scale and genome-wide identification of 95 198 RNA editing quantitative trait loci revealed the preferred genetic effects on adjacent editing events. Furthermore, to explore the underlying mechanisms of the genetic controls of A-to-I RNA editing, several top RNA-binding proteins were pointed out, such as EIF4A3, U2AF2, NOP58, FBL, NOP56 and DHX9, since their regulations on multiple RNA-editing events were probably interfered by these genetic variants. Moreover, these variants may also contribute to the variability of other molecular phenotypes associated with RNA editing, including the functions of 3 proteins, expressions of 277 genes and splicing of 449 events. All the analyses results shown in NeuroEdQTL (https://relab.xidian.edu.cn/NeuroEdQTL/) constituted a unique resource for the understanding of neurodegenerative pathogenesis from genotypes to phenotypes related to A-to-I RNA editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Wu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China
| | - Qiuping Xue
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China
| | - Mengyuan Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yanfei Wang
- Center for Computational Systems Medicine, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Pora Kim
- Corresponding authors: Liyu Huang, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China. E-mail: ; Xiaobo Zhou, Center for Computational Systems Medicine, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA. E-mail: ; Pora Kim, Center for Computational Systems Medicine, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA. E-mail:
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Corresponding authors: Liyu Huang, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China. E-mail: ; Xiaobo Zhou, Center for Computational Systems Medicine, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA. E-mail: ; Pora Kim, Center for Computational Systems Medicine, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA. E-mail:
| | - Liyu Huang
- Corresponding authors: Liyu Huang, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China. E-mail: ; Xiaobo Zhou, Center for Computational Systems Medicine, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA. E-mail: ; Pora Kim, Center for Computational Systems Medicine, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA. E-mail:
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Pedersen ML, Alnæs D, van der Meer D, Fernandez-Cabello S, Berthet P, Dahl A, Kjelkenes R, Schwarz E, Thompson WK, Barch DM, Andreassen OA, Westlye LT. Computational Modeling of the n-Back Task in the ABCD Study: Associations of Drift Diffusion Model Parameters to Polygenic Scores of Mental Disorders and Cardiometabolic Diseases. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2023; 8:290-299. [PMID: 35427796 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2022.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive dysfunction is common in mental disorders and represents a potential risk factor in childhood. The nature and extent of associations between childhood cognitive function and polygenic risk for mental disorders is unclear. We applied computational modeling to gain insight into mechanistic processes underlying decision making and working memory in childhood and their associations with polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for mental disorders and comorbid cardiometabolic diseases. METHODS We used the drift diffusion model to infer latent computational processes underlying decision making and working memory during the n-back task in 3707 children ages 9 to 10 years from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. Single nucleotide polymorphism-based heritability was estimated for cognitive phenotypes, including computational parameters, aggregated n-back task performance, and neurocognitive assessments. PRSs were calculated for Alzheimer's disease, bipolar disorder, coronary artery disease (CAD), major depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, and type 2 diabetes. RESULTS Heritability estimates of cognitive phenotypes ranged from 12% to 38%. Bayesian mixed models revealed that slower accumulation of evidence was associated with higher PRSs for CAD and schizophrenia. Longer nondecision time was associated with higher PRSs for Alzheimer's disease and lower PRSs for CAD. Narrower decision threshold was associated with higher PRSs for CAD. Load-dependent effects on nondecision time and decision threshold were associated with PRSs for Alzheimer's disease and CAD, respectively. Aggregated neurocognitive test scores were not associated with PRSs for any of the mental or cardiometabolic phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS We identified distinct associations between computational cognitive processes and genetic risk for mental illness and cardiometabolic disease, which could represent childhood cognitive risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mads L Pedersen
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Dag Alnæs
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Bjørknes College, Institute of Psychology, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dennis van der Meer
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sara Fernandez-Cabello
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pierre Berthet
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andreas Dahl
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rikka Kjelkenes
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Emanuel Schwarz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Wesley K Thompson
- Division of Biostatistics and Department of Radiology, Population Neuroscience and Genetics Laboratory, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Deanna M Barch
- Departments of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Psychiatry, and Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars T Westlye
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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8
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Wang Z, Liu C, Dong Q, Xue G, Chen C. Polygenic risk score for five major psychiatric disorders associated with volume of distinct brain regions in the general population. Biol Psychol 2023; 178:108530. [PMID: 36858107 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2023.108530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Risk genes and abnormal brain structural indices of psychiatric disorders have been extensively studied. However, whether genetic risk influences brain structure in the general population has been rarely studied. The current study enrolled 483 young Chinese adults, calculated their polygenic risk scores (PRS) for psychiatric disorders based on Psychiatric Genomics Consortium GWAS results, and examined the association between PRSs and brain volume. We found that PRSs were associated with the volume of many brain regions, with differences between PRS for different disorder, calculated at different threshold, and calculated using European or East Asian ancestry. Of them, the PRS for Major Depressive Disorder based on European ancestry was positively associated with right temporal gyrus; the PRS for schizophrenia based on East Asian ancestry was negatively associated with right precentral and postcentral gyrus; the PRS for schizophrenia based on European ancestry was positively associated with right superior temporal gyrus. All these brain regions are critical for corresponding disorders. However, no significant associations were found between PRS for Autism Spectrum Disorder / Bipolar Disorder and brain volume; and the association between PRS for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder at different thresholds and brain volume was inconsistent. These findings suggest distinct brain mechanisms underlying different psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; Experimental School Attached to Haidian Teachers' Training College, Xiangshan Branch, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Qi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Gui Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunhui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
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Essers E, Binter AC, Neumann A, White T, Alemany S, Guxens M. Air pollution exposure during pregnancy and childhood, APOE ε4 status and Alzheimer polygenic risk score, and brain structural morphology in preadolescents. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114595. [PMID: 36257450 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution exposure is associated with impaired neurodevelopment, altered structural brain morphology in children, and neurodegenerative disorders. Differential susceptibility to air pollution may be influenced by genetic features. OBJECTIVES To evaluate whether the apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype or the polygenic risk score (PRS) for Alzheimer's Disease (AD) modify the association between air pollution exposure during pregnancy and childhood and structural brain morphology in preadolescents. METHODS We included 1186 children from the Generation R Study. Concentrations of fourteen air pollutants were calculated at participants' home addresses during pregnancy and childhood using land-use-regression models. Structural brain images were collected at age 9-12 years to assess cortical and subcortical brain volumes. APOE status and PRS for AD were examined as genetic modifiers. Linear regression models were used to conduct single-pollutant and multi-pollutant (using the Deletion/Substitution/Addition algorithm) analyses with a two-way interaction between air pollution and each genetic modifier. RESULTS Higher pregnancy coarse particulate matter (PMcoarse) and childhood polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposure was differentially associated with larger cerebral white matter volume in APOE ε4 carriers compared to non-carriers (29,485 mm3 (95% CI 6,189; 52,781) and 18,663 mm3 (469; 36,856), respectively). Higher pregnancy PMcoarse exposure was differentially associated with larger cortical grey matter volume in children with higher compared to lower PRS for AD (19436 mm3 (825, 38,046)). DISCUSSION APOE status and PRS for AD possibly modify the association between air pollution exposure and brain structural morphology in preadolescents. Higher air pollution exposure is associated with larger cortical volumes in APOE ε4 carriers and children with a high PRS for AD. This is in line with typical brain development, suggesting an antagonistic pleiotropic effect of these genetic features (i.e., protective effect in early-life, but neurodegenerative effect in adulthood). However, we cannot discard chance findings. Future studies should evaluate trajectorial brain development using a longitudinal design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmée Essers
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Anne-Claire Binter
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alexander Neumann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Complex Genetics of Alzheimer's Disease Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Tonya White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Silvia Alemany
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health, and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Mònica Guxens
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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Exploring the causal effects of genetic liability to ADHD and Autism on Alzheimer's disease. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:422. [PMID: 36182936 PMCID: PMC9526708 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02150-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies suggest possible links between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and Alzheimer's disease but they have been limited by small sample sizes, diagnostic and recall bias. We used two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to estimate the bidirectional causal association between genetic liability to ADHD and ASD on Alzheimer's disease. In addition, we estimated the causal effects independently of educational attainment and IQ, through multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR). We employed genetic variants associated with ADHD (20,183 cases/35,191 controls), ASD (18,381 cases/27,969 controls), Alzheimer's disease (71,880 cases/383,378 controls), educational attainment (n = 766,345) and IQ (n = 269,867) using the largest GWAS of European ancestry. There was limited evidence to suggest a causal effect of genetic liability to ADHD (odds ratio [OR] = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.98-1.02, P = 0.39) or ASD (OR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.97-1.01, P = 0.70) on Alzheimer's disease. Similar causal effect estimates were identified as direct effects, independent of educational attainment (ADHD: OR = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.99-1.01, P = 0.76; ASD: OR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.98-1.00, P = 0.28) and IQ (ADHD: OR = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.99-1.02. P = 0.29; ASD: OR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.98-1.01, P = 0.99). Genetic liability to Alzheimer's disease was not found to have a causal effect on risk of ADHD or ASD (ADHD: OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 0.86-1.44, P = 0.37; ASD: OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 0.94-1.51, P = 0.14). We found limited evidence to suggest a causal effect of genetic liability to ADHD or ASD on Alzheimer's disease; and vice versa.
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11
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Li L, Yu X, Sheng C, Jiang X, Zhang Q, Han Y, Jiang J. A review of brain imaging biomarker genomics in Alzheimer’s disease: implementation and perspectives. Transl Neurodegener 2022; 11:42. [PMID: 36109823 PMCID: PMC9476275 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-022-00315-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with phenotypic changes closely associated with both genetic variants and imaging pathology. Brain imaging biomarker genomics has been developed in recent years to reveal potential AD pathological mechanisms and provide early diagnoses. This technique integrates multimodal imaging phenotypes with genetic data in a noninvasive and high-throughput manner. In this review, we summarize the basic analytical framework of brain imaging biomarker genomics and elucidate two main implementation scenarios of this technique in AD studies: (1) exploring novel biomarkers and seeking mutual interpretability and (2) providing a diagnosis and prognosis for AD with combined use of machine learning methods and brain imaging biomarker genomics. Importantly, we highlight the necessity of brain imaging biomarker genomics, discuss the strengths and limitations of current methods, and propose directions for development of this research field.
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12
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Chen SD, Zhang W, Li YZ, Yang L, Huang YY, Deng YT, Wu BS, Suckling J, Rolls ET, Feng JF, Cheng W, Dong Q, Yu JT. A Phenome-wide Association and Mendelian Randomization Study for Alzheimer's Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study of 502,493 Participants From the UK Biobank. Biol Psychiatry 2022; 93:790-801. [PMID: 36788058 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considerable uncertainty remains regarding associations of multiple risk factors with Alzheimer's disease (AD). We aimed to systematically screen and validate a wide range of potential risk factors for AD. METHODS Among 502,493 participants from the UK Biobank, baseline data were extracted for 4171 factors spanning 10 different categories. Phenome-wide association analyses and time-to-event analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with both polygenic risk scores for AD and AD diagnosis at follow-up. We performed two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to further assess their potential causal relationships with AD and imaging association analysis to discover underlying mechanisms. RESULTS We identified 39 factors significantly associated with both AD polygenic risk scores and risk of incident AD, where higher levels of education, body size, basal metabolic rate, fat-free mass, computer use, and cognitive functions were associated with a decreased risk of developing AD, and selective food intake and more outdoor exposures were associated with an increased risk of developing AD. The identified factors were also associated with AD-related brain structures, including the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and inferior/middle temporal cortex, and 21 of these factors were further supported by Mendelian randomization evidence. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first study to comprehensively and rigorously assess the effects of wide-ranging risk factors on AD. Strong evidence was found for fat-free body mass, basal metabolic rate, computer use, selective food intake, and outdoor exposures as new risk factors for AD. Integration of genetic, clinical, and neuroimaging information may help prioritize risk factors and prevention targets for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Dong Chen
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Zhu Li
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Yuan Huang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue-Ting Deng
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Bang-Sheng Wu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - John Suckling
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Edmund T Rolls
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Oxford Centre for Computational Neuroscience, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Jian-Feng Feng
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; Fudan ISTBI-ZJNU Algorithm Centre for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China; MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China; Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; Fudan ISTBI-ZJNU Algorithm Centre for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China; Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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13
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Janahi M, Aksman L, Schott JM, Mokrab Y, Altmann A. Nomograms of human hippocampal volume shifted by polygenic scores. eLife 2022; 11:e78232. [PMID: 35938915 PMCID: PMC9391046 DOI: 10.7554/elife.78232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nomograms are important clinical tools applied widely in both developing and aging populations. They are generally constructed as normative models identifying cases as outliers to a distribution of healthy controls. Currently used normative models do not account for genetic heterogeneity. Hippocampal volume (HV) is a key endophenotype for many brain disorders. Here, we examine the impact of genetic adjustment on HV nomograms and the translational ability to detect dementia patients. Using imaging data from 35,686 healthy subjects aged 44-82 from the UK Biobank (UKB), we built HV nomograms using Gaussian process regression (GPR), which - compared to a previous method - extended the application age by 20 years, including dementia critical age ranges. Using HV polygenic scores (HV-PGS), we built genetically adjusted nomograms from participants stratified into the top and bottom 30% of HV-PGS. This shifted the nomograms in the expected directions by ~100 mm3 (2.3% of the average HV), which equates to 3 years of normal aging for a person aged ~65. Clinical impact of genetically adjusted nomograms was investigated by comparing 818 subjects from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database diagnosed as either cognitively normal (CN), having mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. While no significant change in the survival analysis was found for MCI-to-AD conversion, an average of 68% relative decrease was found in intra-diagnostic-group variance, highlighting the importance of genetic adjustment in untangling phenotypic heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Janahi
- Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
- Medical and Population Genomics Lab, Human Genetics Department, Research Branch, Sidra MedicineDohaQatar
| | - Leon Aksman
- Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Jonathan M Schott
- Dementia Research Centre (DRC), Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Younes Mokrab
- Medical and Population Genomics Lab, Human Genetics Department, Research Branch, Sidra MedicineDohaQatar
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-QatarDohaQatar
| | - Andre Altmann
- Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
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Le Grand Q, Satizabal CL, Sargurupremraj M, Mishra A, Soumaré A, Laurent A, Crivello F, Tsuchida A, Shin J, Macalli M, Singh B, Beiser AS, DeCarli C, Fletcher E, Paus T, Lathrop M, Adams HHH, Bis JC, Seshadri S, Tzourio C, Mazoyer B, Debette S. Genomic Studies Across the Lifespan Point to Early Mechanisms Determining Subcortical Volumes. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2022; 7:616-628. [PMID: 34700051 PMCID: PMC9395126 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2021.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subcortical brain structures play a key role in pathological processes of age-related neurodegenerative disorders. Mounting evidence also suggests that early-life factors may have an impact on the development of common late-life neurological diseases, including genetic factors that can influence both brain maturation and neurodegeneration. METHODS Using large population-based brain imaging datasets across the lifespan (N ≤ 40,628), we aimed to 1) estimate the heritability of subcortical volumes in young (18-35 years), middle (35-65 years), and older (65+ years) age, and their genetic correlation across age groups; 2) identify whether genetic loci associated with subcortical volumes in older persons also show associations in early adulthood, and explore underlying genes using transcriptome-wide association studies; and 3) explore their association with neurological phenotypes. RESULTS Heritability of subcortical volumes consistently decreased with increasing age. Genetic risk scores for smaller caudate nucleus, putamen, and hippocampus volume in older adults were associated with smaller volumes in young adults. Individually, 10 loci associated with subcortical volumes in older adults also showed associations in young adults. Within these loci, transcriptome-wide association studies showed that expression of several genes in brain tissues (especially MYLK2 and TUFM) was associated with subcortical volumes in both age groups. One risk variant for smaller caudate nucleus volume (TUFM locus) was associated with lower cognitive performance. Genetically predicted Alzheimer's disease was associated with smaller subcortical volumes in middle and older age. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide novel insights into the genetic determinants of subcortical volumes across the lifespan. More studies are needed to decipher the underlying biology and clinical impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Le Grand
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Center, UMR1219, Bordeaux, France
| | - Claudia L Satizabal
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas; Department of Population Health Sciences, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas; Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Muralidharan Sargurupremraj
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Center, UMR1219, Bordeaux, France; Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Aniket Mishra
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Center, UMR1219, Bordeaux, France
| | - Aicha Soumaré
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Center, UMR1219, Bordeaux, France
| | - Alexandre Laurent
- University of Bordeaux, Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UMR5293, Neurofunctional imaging group, Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UMR5293, Neurofunctional imaging group, Bordeaux, France; CEA, Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UMR5293, Neurofunctional imaging group, Bordeaux, France
| | - Fabrice Crivello
- University of Bordeaux, Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UMR5293, Neurofunctional imaging group, Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UMR5293, Neurofunctional imaging group, Bordeaux, France; CEA, Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UMR5293, Neurofunctional imaging group, Bordeaux, France
| | - Ami Tsuchida
- University of Bordeaux, Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UMR5293, Neurofunctional imaging group, Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UMR5293, Neurofunctional imaging group, Bordeaux, France; CEA, Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UMR5293, Neurofunctional imaging group, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean Shin
- Department of Physiology, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Nutritional Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mélissa Macalli
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Center, UMR1219, Bordeaux, France
| | - Baljeet Singh
- Imaging of Dementia and Aging Laboratory, Department of Neurology, University of California Davis, Davis, California
| | - Alexa S Beiser
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Charles DeCarli
- Imaging of Dementia and Aging Laboratory, Department of Neurology, University of California Davis, Davis, California
| | - Evan Fletcher
- Imaging of Dementia and Aging Laboratory, Department of Neurology, University of California Davis, Davis, California
| | - Tomas Paus
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mark Lathrop
- McGill Genome Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hieab H H Adams
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas; Department of Population Health Sciences, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas; Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christophe Tzourio
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Center, UMR1219, Bordeaux, France; Bordeaux University Hospital, Department of Medical Informatics, Bordeaux, France
| | - Bernard Mazoyer
- University of Bordeaux, Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UMR5293, Neurofunctional imaging group, Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UMR5293, Neurofunctional imaging group, Bordeaux, France; CEA, Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UMR5293, Neurofunctional imaging group, Bordeaux, France; Bordeaux University Hospital, Department of Neuroradiology, Bordeaux, France
| | - Stéphanie Debette
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Center, UMR1219, Bordeaux, France; Bordeaux University Hospital, Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bordeaux, France.
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15
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Tai XY, Veldsman M, Lyall DM, Littlejohns TJ, Langa KM, Husain M, Ranson J, Llewellyn DJ. Cardiometabolic multimorbidity, genetic risk, and dementia: a prospective cohort study. THE LANCET. HEALTHY LONGEVITY 2022; 3:e428-e436. [PMID: 35711612 PMCID: PMC9184258 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-7568(22)00117-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Individual cardiometabolic disorders and genetic factors are associated with an increased dementia risk; however, the relationship between dementia and cardiometabolic multimorbidity is unclear. We investigated whether cardiometabolic multimorbidity increases the risk of dementia, regardless of genetic risk, and examined for associated brain structural changes. Methods We examined health and genetic data from 203 038 UK Biobank participants of European ancestry, aged 60 years or older without dementia at baseline assessment (2006-10) and followed up until March 31, 2021, in England and Scotland and Feb 28, 2018, in Wales, as well as brain structural data in a nested imaging subsample of 12 236 participants. A cardiometabolic multimorbidity index comprising stroke, diabetes, and myocardial infarction (one point for each), and a polygenic risk score for dementia (with low, intermediate, and high risk groups) were calculated for each participant. The main outcome measures were incident all-cause dementia and brain structural metrics. Findings The dementia risk associated with high cardiometabolic multimorbidity was three times greater than that associated with high genetic risk (hazard ratio [HR] 5·55, 95% CI 3·39-9·08, p<0·0001, and 1·68, 1·53-1·84, p<0·0001, respectively). Participants with both a high genetic risk and a cardiometabolic multimorbidity index of two or greater had an increased risk of developing dementia (HR 5·74, 95% CI 4·26-7·74, p<0·0001), compared with those with a low genetic risk and no cardiometabolic conditions. Crucially, we found no interaction between cardiometabolic multimorbidity and polygenic risk (p=0·18). Cardiometabolic multimorbidity was independently associated with more extensive, widespread brain structural changes including lower hippocampal volume (F2, 12 110 = 10·70; p<0·0001) and total grey matter volume (F2, 12 236 = 55·65; p<0·0001). Interpretation Cardiometabolic multimorbidity was independently associated with the risk of dementia and extensive brain imaging differences to a greater extent than was genetic risk. Targeting cardiometabolic multimorbidity might help to reduce the risk of dementia, regardless of genetic risk. Funding Wellcome Trust, Alzheimer's Research UK, Alan Turing Institute/Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, the National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration South West Peninsula, National Health and Medical Research Council, JP Moulton Foundation, and National Institute on Aging/National Institutes of Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin You Tai
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Division of Clinical Neurology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Michele Veldsman
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Donald M Lyall
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Kenneth M Langa
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Center for Clinical Management Research, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Masud Husain
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Division of Clinical Neurology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Janice Ranson
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - David J Llewellyn
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
- Alan Turing Institute, London, UK
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16
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Li Q, Lv X, Jin F, Liao K, Gao L, Xu J. Associations of Polygenic Risk Score for Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease With Biomarkers. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:849443. [PMID: 35493930 PMCID: PMC9047857 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.849443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) is a common irreversible neurodegenerative disease with heterogeneous genetic characteristics. Identifying the biological biomarkers with the potential to predict the conversion from normal controls to LOAD is clinically important for early interventions of LOAD and clinical treatment. The polygenic risk score for LOAD (AD-PRS) has been reported the potential possibility for reliably identifying individuals with risk of developing LOAD recently. To investigate the external phenotype changes resulting from LOAD and the underlying etiology, we summarize the comprehensive associations of AD-PRS with multiple biomarkers, including neuroimaging, cerebrospinal fluid and plasma biomarkers, cardiovascular risk factors, cognitive behavior, and mental health. This systematic review helps improve the understanding of the biomarkers with potential predictive value for LOAD and further optimizing the prediction and accurate treatment of LOAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaojun Li
- School of Information Engineering, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Qiaojun Li
| | - Xingping Lv
- School of Sciences, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
| | - Fei Jin
- Department of Molecular Imaging, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kun Liao
- School of Sciences, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
| | - Liyuan Gao
- School of Sciences, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiayuan Xu
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Associations of circulating C-reactive proteins, APOE ε4, and brain markers for Alzheimer's disease in healthy samples across the lifespan. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 100:243-253. [PMID: 34920091 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The apolipoprotein E gene ε4 allele (APOE ε4) and higher circulating level of C-reactive protein (CRP) have been extensively investigated as risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Paradoxically, APOE ε4 has been associated with lower levels of blood CRP in middle-aged and older populations. However, few studies have investigated this intriguing relation and its impact on neurological markers for AD in younger ages, nor across the whole lifespan. Here, we examine associations of blood CRP levels, APOE ε4, and biomarkers for AD in a cognitively healthy lifespan cohort (N up to 749; 20-81 years of age) and replicate the findings in UK Biobank (N = 304 322; 37-72 years of age), the developmental ABCD study (N = 10 283; 9-11 years of age), and a middle-aged sample (N = 339; 40-65 years of age). Hippocampal volume, brain amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque levels, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of Aβ and tau species, and neurofilament protein light protein (NFL) were used as AD biomarkers in subsamples. In addition, we examined the genetic contribution to the variation of CRP levels over different CRP ranges using polygenic scores for CRP (PGS-CRP). Our results show APOE ε4 consistently associates with low blood CRP levels across all age groups (p < 0.05). Strikingly, both ε4 and PGS-CRP associated mainly with blood CRP levels within the low range (<5mg/L). We then show both APOE ε4 and high CRP levels associate with smaller hippocampus volumes across the lifespan (p < 0.025). APOE ε4 was associated with high Aβ plaque levels in the brain (FDR-corrected p = 8.69x10-4), low levels of CSF Aβ42 (FDR-corrected p = 6.9x10-2), and lower ratios of Aβ42 to Aβ40 (FDR-corrected p = 5.08x10-5). Blood CRP levels were weakly correlated with higher ratio of CSF Aβ42 to Aβ40 (p = 0.03, FDR-corrected p = 0.4). APOE ε4 did not correlate with blood concentrations of another 9 inflammatory cytokines, and none of these cytokines correlated with AD biomarkers. CONCLUSION: The inverse correlation between APOEε 4 and blood CRP levels existed before any pathological AD biomarker was observed, and only in the low CRP level range. Thus, we suggest to investigate whether APOEε 4 can confer risk by being associated with a lower inflammatory response to daily exposures, possibly leading to greater accumulation of low-grade inflammatory stress throughout life. A lifespan perspective is needed to understand this relationship concerning risk of developing AD.
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Mapping normative trajectories of cognitive function and its relation to psychopathology symptoms and genetic risk in youth. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 3:255-263. [PMID: 37124356 PMCID: PMC10140446 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2022.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adolescence hosts a sharp increase in the incidence of mental disorders. The prodromal phases are often characterized by cognitive deficits that predate disease onset by several years. Characterization of cognitive performance in relation to normative trajectories may have value for early risk assessment and monitoring. Methods Youth aged 8 to 21 years (N = 6481) from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort were included. Performance scores from a computerized neurocognitive battery were decomposed using principal component analysis, yielding a general cognitive score. Items reflecting various aspects of psychopathology from self-report questionnaires and collateral caregiver information were decomposed using independent component analysis, providing individual domain scores. Using normative modeling and Bayesian statistics, we estimated normative trajectories of cognitive function and tested for associations between cognitive deviance and psychopathological domain scores. In addition, we tested for associations with polygenic scores for mental and behavioral disorders often involving cognition, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and Alzheimer's disease. Results More negative normative cognitive deviations were associated with higher general psychopathology burden and domains reflecting positive and prodromal psychosis, attention problems, norm-violating behavior, and anxiety. In addition, better performance was associated with higher joint burden of depression, suicidal ideation, and negative psychosis symptoms. The analyses revealed no evidence for associations with polygenic scores. Conclusions Our results show that cognitive performance is associated with general and specific domains of psychopathology in youth. These findings support the close links between cognition and psychopathology in youth and highlight the potential of normative modeling for early risk assessment.
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Honda S, Ikari K, Yano K, Terao C, Tanaka E, Harigai M, Kochi Y. Polygenic risk scores are associated with radiographic progression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2022; 74:791-800. [PMID: 35048562 DOI: 10.1002/art.42051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether polygenic risk score (PRS) using data from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) susceptibility can be a predictor for radiographic progression. METHODS We constructed the PRS using GWAS summary data for disease susceptibility to predict Sharp/van der Heijde score (SHS) changes in first five years from the onset (the top quartile of SHS changes was defined as severe progression and the remaining as non-severe progression). We selected the best model in a training set (n = 500) and validated it in a testing set (n = 740). We evaluated the performance of PRS in univariable and multivariable analyses with other factors to predict severe progression. RESULTS PRS constructed of 43,784 SNPs significantly differed between severe and non-severe progression in both training (P = 0.0064) and testing sets (P = 0.017). The patients with the top quintile PRS had a higher risk for severe progression compared to those with the bottom quintile (odds ratio (OR) 1.90, P = 0.0022), which was higher when restricted to younger-onset patients (OR 5.06, P = 0.00038). The top quintile PRS and ACPAs positive groups had significantly higher proportion of patients with severe progression compared to the remaining groups (P = 0.00052, and 0.0022, respectively). Multivariable analysis showed that PRS (P = 0.00019) as well as sex (female) (P = 0.0033), ACPAs (P = 0.0023), and BMI (P = 0.031) were independent risk factors. CONCLUSION PRS using GWAS data for RA susceptibility is associated with radiographic progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suguru Honda
- Department of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsunori Ikari
- Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Multidisciplinary Management of Rheumatic Diseases, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichiro Yano
- Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chikashi Terao
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.,Clinical Research Center, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.,The Department of Applied Genetics, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Eiichi Tanaka
- Department of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Harigai
- Department of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Kochi
- Department of Genomic Function and Diversity, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Zhang Y, Yang H, Li S, Cao Z, Li WD, Yan T, Wang Y. Association of coffee and genetic risk with incident dementia in middle-aged and elderly adults. Nutr Neurosci 2021; 25:2359-2368. [PMID: 34424144 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2021.1966868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior evidence suggests that coffee might be related to dementia, however, little is known about coffee and dementia in individuals with elevated genetic susceptibility for dementia. Additionally, most previous studies have focused on total coffee instead of examining coffee types separately. METHODS This study included 203,776 participants (60-73 years old) from the UK Biobank who were initially free of dementia. Polygenic risk scores for dementia were divided into quintile to stratify individuals into low (lowest quintile), intermediate (quintile 2-4), and high (highest quintile) genetic risk categories. Coffee intake was assessed at baseline and included total, instant, ground, and decaffeinated coffee. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 11.4 years, 4405 cases of dementia occurred (1856 Alzheimer's disease [AD], 1105 vascular dementia). Compared to non-coffee drinking, heavy instant coffee drinking (> 6 cups/day) and moderate decaffeinated coffee drinking (1-3 cups/day) were associated with a higher risk of dementia (hazard ratio [HR] 1.19-1.34) and AD (HR 1.41-1.51), while moderate ground coffee drinking was associated with a lower risk of dementia (HR, 0.78; P = 0.001) and vascular dementia (HR, 0.58; P < 0.001). Among participants at high genetic risk, heavy coffee drinking was associated with a 95% (HR; 1.95, 95% CI, 1.21-3.16) higher risk of AD than non-coffee drinking. We found an interaction between coffee and genetic risk in relation to AD (P = 0.038). CONCLUSION The association of dementia and coffee varied by coffee types. Heavy coffee consumption was associated with a higher risk of AD in individuals with high genetic risk for dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxi Yang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Li
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Cao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Dong Li
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yan
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaogang Wang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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21
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Shu ZY, Mao DW, Xu YY, Shao Y, Pang PP, Gong XY. Prediction of the progression from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease using a radiomics-integrated model. Ther Adv Neurol Disord 2021; 14:17562864211029551. [PMID: 34349837 PMCID: PMC8290507 DOI: 10.1177/17562864211029551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to build and validate a radiomics-integrated model with whole-brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to predict the progression of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods: 357 patients with MCI were selected from the ADNI database, which is an open-source database for AD with multicentre cooperation, of which 154 progressed to AD during the 48-month follow-up period. Subjects were divided into a training and test group. For each patient, the baseline T1WI MR images were automatically segmented into white matter, gray matter and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and radiomics features were extracted from each tissue. Based on the data from the training group, a radiomics signature was built using logistic regression after dimensionality reduction. The radiomics signatures, in combination with the apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) and baseline neuropsychological scales, were used to build an integrated model using machine learning. The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve and data of the test group were used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and reliability of the model, respectively. In addition, the clinical prognostic efficacy of the model was evaluated based on the time of progression from MCI to AD. Results: Stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that the APOE4, clinical dementia rating, AD assessment scale, and radiomics signature were independent predictors of MCI progression to AD. The integrated model was constructed based on independent predictors using machine learning. The ROC curve showed that the accuracy of the model in the training and the test sets was 0.814 and 0.807, with a specificity of 0.671 and 0.738, and a sensitivity of 0.822 and 0.745, respectively. In addition, the model had the most significant diagnostic efficacy in predicting MCI progression to AD within 12 months, with an AUC of 0.814, sensitivity of 0.726, and specificity of 0.798. Conclusion: The integrated model based on whole-brain radiomics can accurately identify and predict the high-risk population of MCI patients who may progress to AD. Radiomics biomarkers are practical in the precursory stage of such disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Yu Shu
- Department of Radiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - De-Wang Mao
- Department of Radiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Yun Xu
- Department of Radiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Shao
- Department of Radiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Xiang-Yang Gong
- Department of Radiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
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22
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Improving the Utility of Polygenic Risk Scores as a Biomarker for Alzheimer's Disease. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071627. [PMID: 34209762 PMCID: PMC8305482 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of complex and multifactorial diseases constitutes a big challenge in day-to-day clinical practice. As many parameters influence clinical phenotypes, accurate diagnosis and prompt therapeutic management is often difficult. Significant research and investment focuses on state-of-the-art genomic and metagenomic analyses in the burgeoning field of Precision (or Personalized) Medicine with genome-wide-association-studies (GWAS) helping in this direction by linking patient genotypes at specific polymorphic sites (single-nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs) to the specific phenotype. The generation of polygenic risk scores (PRSs) is a relatively novel statistical method that associates the collective genotypes at many of a person’s SNPs to a trait or disease. As GWAS sample sizes increase, PRSs may become a powerful tool for prevention, early diagnosis and treatment. However, the complexity and multidimensionality of genetic and environmental contributions to phenotypes continue to pose significant challenges for the clinical, broad-scale use of PRSs. To improve the value of PRS measures, we propose a novel pipeline which might better utilize GWAS results and improve the utility of PRS when applied to Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), as a paradigm of multifactorial disease with existing large GWAS datasets that have not yet achieved significant clinical impact. We propose a refined approach for the construction of AD PRS improved by (1), taking into consideration the genetic loci where the SNPs are located, (2) evaluating the post-translational impact of SNPs on coding and non-coding regions by focusing on overlap with open chromatin data and SNPs that are expression quantitative trait loci (QTLs), and (3) scoring and annotating the severity of the associated clinical phenotype into the PRS. Open chromatin and eQTL data need to be carefully selected based on tissue/cell type of origin (e.g., brain, excitatory neurons). Applying such filters to traditional PRS on GWAS studies of complex diseases like AD, can produce a set of SNPs weighted according to our algorithm and a more useful PRS. Our proposed methodology may pave the way for new applications of genomic machine and deep learning pipelines to GWAS datasets in an effort to identify novel clinically useful genetic biomarkers for complex diseases like AD.
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Ding Y, Zhao K, Che T, Du K, Sun H, Liu S, Zheng Y, Li S, Liu B, Liu Y. Quantitative Radiomic Features as New Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease: An Amyloid PET Study. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:3950-3961. [PMID: 33884402 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that amyloid-beta (Aβ) accumulation is one of the most common neurobiological biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The primary aim of this study was to explore whether the radiomic features of Aβ positron emission tomography (PET) images are used as predictors and provide a neurobiological foundation for AD. The radiomics features of Aβ PET imaging of each brain region of the Brainnetome Atlas were computed for classification and prediction using a support vector machine model. The results showed that the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.93 for distinguishing AD (N = 291) from normal control (NC; N = 334). Additionally, the AUC was 0.83 for the prediction of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) converting (N = 88) (vs. no conversion, N = 100) to AD. In the MCI and AD groups, the systemic analysis demonstrated that the classification outputs were significantly associated with clinical measures (apolipoprotein E genotype, polygenic risk scores, polygenic hazard scores, cerebrospinal fluid Aβ, and Tau, cognitive ability score, the conversion time for progressive MCI subjects and cognitive changes). These findings provide evidence that the radiomic features of Aβ PET images can serve as new biomarkers for clinical applications in AD/MCI, further providing evidence for predicting whether MCI subjects will convert to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Ding
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan 250014, China
| | - Kun Zhao
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.,Brainnetome Center & National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Tongtong Che
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Kai Du
- Brainnetome Center & National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongzan Sun
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Shu Liu
- Brainnetome Center & National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuanjie Zheng
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan 250014, China
| | - Shuyu Li
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Brainnetome Center & National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Brainnetome Center & National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Pazhou Lab, Guangzhou 510330, China.,School of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
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Rizzi L, Aventurato ÍK, Balthazar MLF. Neuroimaging Research on Dementia in Brazil in the Last Decade: Scientometric Analysis, Challenges, and Peculiarities. Front Neurol 2021; 12:640525. [PMID: 33790850 PMCID: PMC8005640 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.640525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The last years have evinced a remarkable growth in neuroimaging studies around the world. All these studies have contributed to a better understanding of the cerebral outcomes of dementia, even in the earliest phases. In low- and middle-income countries, studies involving structural and functional neuroimaging are challenging due to low investments and heterogeneous populations. Outstanding the importance of diagnosing mild cognitive impairment and dementia, the purpose of this paper is to offer an overview of neuroimaging dementia research in Brazil. The review includes a brief scientometric analysis of quantitative information about the development of this field over the past 10 years. Besides, discusses some peculiarities and challenges that have limited neuroimaging dementia research in this big and heterogeneous country of Latin America. We systematically reviewed existing neuroimaging literature with Brazilian authors that presented outcomes related to a dementia syndrome, published from 2010 to 2020. Briefly, the main neuroimaging methods used were morphometrics, followed by fMRI, and DTI. The major diseases analyzed were Alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment, and vascular dementia, respectively. Moreover, research activity in Brazil has been restricted almost entirely to a few centers in the Southeast region, and funding could be the main driver for publications. There was relative stability concerning the number of publications per year, the citation impact has historically been below the world average, and the author's gender inequalities are not relevant in this specific field. Neuroimaging research in Brazil is far from being developed and widespread across the country. Fortunately, increasingly collaborations with foreign partnerships contribute to the impact of Brazil's domestic research. Although the challenges, neuroimaging researches performed in the native population regarding regional peculiarities and adversities are of pivotal importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liara Rizzi
- Department of Neurology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
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25
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Busatto G, Rosa PG, Serpa MH, Squarzoni P, Duran FL. Psychiatric neuroimaging research in Brazil: historical overview, current challenges, and future opportunities. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PSIQUIATRIA (SAO PAULO, BRAZIL : 1999) 2021; 43:83-101. [PMID: 32520165 PMCID: PMC7861184 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The last four decades have witnessed tremendous growth in research studies applying neuroimaging methods to evaluate pathophysiological and treatment aspects of psychiatric disorders around the world. This article provides a brief history of psychiatric neuroimaging research in Brazil, including quantitative information about the growth of this field in the country over the past 20 years. Also described are the various methodologies used, the wealth of scientific questions investigated, and the strength of international collaborations established. Finally, examples of the many methodological advances that have emerged in the field of in vivo neuroimaging are provided, with discussion of the challenges faced by psychiatric research groups in Brazil, a country of limited resources, to continue incorporating such innovations to generate novel scientific data of local and global relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldo Busatto
- Laboratório de Neuroimagem em Psiquiatria (LIM 21), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro G. Rosa
- Laboratório de Neuroimagem em Psiquiatria (LIM 21), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mauricio H. Serpa
- Laboratório de Neuroimagem em Psiquiatria (LIM 21), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paula Squarzoni
- Laboratório de Neuroimagem em Psiquiatria (LIM 21), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabio L. Duran
- Laboratório de Neuroimagem em Psiquiatria (LIM 21), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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26
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Zhou X, Li YYT, Fu AKY, Ip NY. Polygenic Score Models for Alzheimer's Disease: From Research to Clinical Applications. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:650220. [PMID: 33854414 PMCID: PMC8039467 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.650220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The high prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) among the elderly population and its lack of effective treatments make this disease a critical threat to human health. Recent epidemiological and genetics studies have revealed the polygenic nature of the disease, which is possibly explainable by a polygenic score model that considers multiple genetic risks. Here, we systemically review the rationale and methods used to construct polygenic score models for studying AD. We also discuss the associations of polygenic risk scores (PRSs) with clinical outcomes, brain imaging findings, and biochemical biomarkers from both the brain and peripheral system. Finally, we discuss the possibility of incorporating polygenic score models into research and clinical practice along with potential challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopu Zhou
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug Development, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen–Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yolanda Y. T. Li
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Amy K. Y. Fu
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug Development, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen–Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen, China
| | - Nancy Y. Ip
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug Development, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen–Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Nancy Y. Ip,
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De Marco M, Manca R, Kirby J, Hautbergue GM, Blackburn DJ, Wharton SB, Venneri A, Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. The Association between Polygenic Hazard and Markers of Alzheimer's Disease Following Stratification for APOE Genotype. Curr Alzheimer Res 2020; 17:667-679. [PMID: 33023447 DOI: 10.2174/1567205017666201006161800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research indicates that polygenic indices of risk of Alzheimer's disease are linked to clinical profiles. OBJECTIVE Given the "genetic centrality" of the APOE gene, we tested whether this held true for both APOE-ε4 carriers and non-carriers. METHODS A polygenic hazard score (PHS) was extracted from 784 non-demented participants recruited in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative and stratified by APOE ε4 status. Datasets were split into sub-cohorts defined by clinical (unimpaired/MCI) and amyloid status (Aβ+/Aβ-). Linear models were devised in each sub-cohort and for each APOE-ε4 status to test the association between PHS and memory, executive functioning and grey-matter volumetric maps. RESULTS PHS predicted memory and executive functioning in ε4ε3 MCI patients, memory in ε3ε3 MCI patients, and memory in ε4ε3 Aβ+ participants. PHS also predicted volume in sensorimotor regions in ε3ε3 Aβ+ participants. CONCLUSION The link between polygenic hazard and neurocognitive variables varies depending on APOE-ε4 allele status. This suggests that clinical phenotypes might be influenced by complex genetic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo De Marco
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Riccardo Manca
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Janine Kirby
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | | | - Daniel J Blackburn
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen B Wharton
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Annalena Venneri
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, United Kingdom
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28
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Murray AN, Chandler HL, Lancaster TM. Multimodal hippocampal and amygdala subfield volumetry in polygenic risk for Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2020; 98:33-41. [PMID: 33227567 PMCID: PMC7886309 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) suggest that volumetric reductions in medial temporal lobe (MTL) structures manifest before clinical onset. AD polygenic risk scores (PRSs) are further linked to reduced MTL volumes (the hippocampus/amygdala); however, the relationship between the PRS and specific subregions remains unclear. We determine the relationship between the AD-PRSs and MTL subregions in a large sample of young participants (N = 730, aged 22–35 years) using a multimodal (T1w/T2w) approach. We first demonstrate that the PRSs for the hippocampus/amygdala predict their respective volumes and specific hippocampal subregions (pFDR < 0.05). We further observe negative relationships between the AD-PRSs and whole hippocampal/amygdala volumes. Critically, we demonstrate novel associations between the AD-PRSs and specific hippocampal subfields such as CA1 (β = −0.096, pFDR = 0.045) and the fissure (β = −0.101, pFDR = 0.041). We provide evidence that the AD-PRS is linked to specific MTL subfields decades before AD onset. This may help inform preclinical models of AD risk, providing additional specificity for intervention and further insight into mechanisms by which common AD variants confer susceptibility. Polygenic risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD-PRS) explains significant proportion of AD. AD-PRS also linked to hippocampus and amygdala volume. AD-PRS is negatively associated with specific hippocampal subfields. Polygenic AD models help us understand genetic contributions to medial temporal lobe nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy N Murray
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah L Chandler
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas M Lancaster
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff University, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; School of Psychology, Bath University, Bath, United Kingdom.
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29
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Zhao K, Ding Y, Han Y, Fan Y, Alexander-Bloch AF, Han T, Jin D, Liu B, Lu J, Song C, Wang P, Wang D, Wang Q, Xu K, Yang H, Yao H, Zheng Y, Yu C, Zhou B, Zhang X, Zhou Y, Jiang T, Zhang X, Liu Y. Independent and reproducible hippocampal radiomic biomarkers for multisite Alzheimer's disease: diagnosis, longitudinal progress and biological basis. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2020; 65:1103-1113. [PMID: 36659162 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2020.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Hippocampal morphological change is one of the main hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, whether hippocampal radiomic features are robust as predictors of progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to AD dementia and whether these features provide any neurobiological foundation remains unclear. The primary aim of this study was to verify whether hippocampal radiomic features can serve as robust magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers for AD. Multivariate classifier-based support vector machine (SVM) analysis provided individual-level predictions for distinguishing AD patients (n = 261) from normal controls (NCs; n = 231) with an accuracy of 88.21% and intersite cross-validation. Further analyses of a large, independent the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) dataset (n = 1228) reinforced these findings. In MCI groups, a systemic analysis demonstrated that the identified features were significantly associated with clinical features (e.g., apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype, polygenic risk scores, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ, CSF Tau), and longitudinal changes in cognition ability; more importantly, the radiomic features had a consistently altered pattern with changes in the MMSE scores over 5 years of follow-up. These comprehensive results suggest that hippocampal radiomic features can serve as robust biomarkers for clinical application in AD/MCI, and further provide evidence for predicting whether an MCI subject would convert to AD based on the radiomics of the hippocampus. The results of this study are expected to have a substantial impact on the early diagnosis of AD/MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhao
- Brainnetome Center & National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan 250358, China
| | - Yanhui Ding
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan 250358, China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing 100053, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yong Fan
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Tong Han
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Dan Jin
- Brainnetome Center & National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Brainnetome Center & National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Chengyuan Song
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan 250012, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China; Department of Neurology, The Secondary Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Dawei Wang
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan 250012, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan 250012, China
| | - Kaibin Xu
- Brainnetome Center & National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hongwei Yang
- Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Hongxiang Yao
- Department of Radiology, The Secondary Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yuanjie Zheng
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan 250358, China
| | - Chunshui Yu
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The Secondary Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xinqing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yuying Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Tianzi Jiang
- Brainnetome Center & National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Secondary Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Yong Liu
- Brainnetome Center & National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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30
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Jin D, Zhou B, Han Y, Ren J, Han T, Liu B, Lu J, Song C, Wang P, Wang D, Xu J, Yang Z, Yao H, Yu C, Zhao K, Wintermark M, Zuo N, Zhang X, Zhou Y, Zhang X, Jiang T, Wang Q, Liu Y. Generalizable, Reproducible, and Neuroscientifically Interpretable Imaging Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2000675. [PMID: 32714766 PMCID: PMC7375255 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202000675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Precision medicine for Alzheimer's disease (AD) necessitates the development of personalized, reproducible, and neuroscientifically interpretable biomarkers, yet despite remarkable advances, few such biomarkers are available. Also, a comprehensive evaluation of the neurobiological basis and generalizability of the end-to-end machine learning system should be given the highest priority. For this reason, a deep learning model (3D attention network, 3DAN) that can simultaneously capture candidate imaging biomarkers with an attention mechanism module and advance the diagnosis of AD based on structural magnetic resonance imaging is proposed. The generalizability and reproducibility are evaluated using cross-validation on in-house, multicenter (n = 716), and public (n = 1116) databases with an accuracy up to 92%. Significant associations between the classification output and clinical characteristics of AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI, a middle stage of dementia) groups provide solid neurobiological support for the 3DAN model. The effectiveness of the 3DAN model is further validated by its good performance in predicting the MCI subjects who progress to AD with an accuracy of 72%. Collectively, the findings highlight the potential for structural brain imaging to provide a generalizable, and neuroscientifically interpretable imaging biomarker that can support clinicians in the early diagnosis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Jin
- Brainnetome Center & National Laboratory of Pattern RecognitionInstitute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- School of Artificial IntelligenceUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Neurologythe Second Medical CentreNational Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric DiseasesChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing100853China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of NeurologyXuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical UniversityBeijing100053China
| | - Jiaji Ren
- Brainnetome Center & National Laboratory of Pattern RecognitionInstitute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- School of Artificial IntelligenceUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Tong Han
- Department of RadiologyTianjin Huanhu HospitalTianjin300350China
| | - Bing Liu
- Brainnetome Center & National Laboratory of Pattern RecognitionInstitute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- School of Artificial IntelligenceUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyInstitute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of RadiologyXuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical UniversityBeijing100053China
| | - Chengyuan Song
- Department of NeurologyQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan250012China
| | - Pan Wang
- Department of NeurologyTianjin Huanhu HospitalTianjin UniversityTianjin300350China
| | - Dawei Wang
- Department of RadiologyQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan250012China
| | - Jian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex SystemsInstitute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Zhengyi Yang
- Brainnetome Center & National Laboratory of Pattern RecognitionInstitute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- School of Artificial IntelligenceUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Hongxiang Yao
- Department of Radiologythe Second Medical CentreNational Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric DiseasesChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing100853China
| | - Chunshui Yu
- Department of RadiologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjin300052China
| | - Kun Zhao
- Beihang UniversityBeijing100191China
| | - Max Wintermark
- Department of RadiologyStanford UniversityStanfordCA94305USA
| | - Nianming Zuo
- Brainnetome Center & National Laboratory of Pattern RecognitionInstitute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- School of Artificial IntelligenceUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Xinqing Zhang
- Department of NeurologyXuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical UniversityBeijing100053China
| | - Yuying Zhou
- Department of NeurologyTianjin Huanhu HospitalTianjin UniversityTianjin300350China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Neurologythe Second Medical CentreNational Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric DiseasesChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing100853China
| | - Tianzi Jiang
- Brainnetome Center & National Laboratory of Pattern RecognitionInstitute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- School of Artificial IntelligenceUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyInstitute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of RadiologyQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan250012China
| | - Yong Liu
- Brainnetome Center & National Laboratory of Pattern RecognitionInstitute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- School of Artificial IntelligenceUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyInstitute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- Pazhou LabGuangzhou510330China
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31
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Goldman JS. Predictive Genetic Counseling for Neurodegenerative Diseases: Past, Present, and Future. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2020; 10:cshperspect.a036525. [PMID: 31548223 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a036525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Predictive genetic counseling for neurodegenerative diseases commenced with Huntington's disease (HD). Because the psychological issues and outcomes have been best studied in HD, the HD genetic counseling and testing protocol is still accepted as the gold standard for genetic counseling for these diseases. Yet, advances in genomic technology have produced an abundance of new information about the genetics of diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease. The resulting expansion of genetic tests together with the availability of direct-to-consumer testing and clinical trials for treatment of these diseases present new ethical and practical issues requiring modifications to the protocol for HD counseling and new demands on both physicians and genetic counselors. This work reviews the history of genetic counseling for neurodegenerative diseases, its current practice, and the future direction of genetic counseling for these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill S Goldman
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Medicine, New York, New York 10032, USA
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32
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Chandler HL, Hodgetts CJ, Caseras X, Murphy K, Lancaster TM. Polygenic risk for Alzheimer's disease shapes hippocampal scene-selectivity. Neuropsychopharmacology 2020; 45:1171-1178. [PMID: 31896120 PMCID: PMC7234982 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-019-0595-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Preclinical models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) suggest APOE modulates brain function in structures vulnerable to AD pathophysiology. However, genome-wide association studies now demonstrate that AD risk is shaped by a broader polygenic architecture, estimated via polygenic risk scoring (AD-PRS). Despite this breakthrough, the effect of AD-PRS on brain function in young individuals remains unknown. In a large sample (N = 608) of young, asymptomatic individuals, we measure the impact of both (i) APOE and (ii) AD-PRS on a vulnerable cortico-limbic scene-processing network heavily implicated in AD pathophysiology. Integrity of this network, which includes the hippocampus (HC), is fundamental for maintaining cognitive function during ageing. We show that AD-PRS, not APOE, selectively influences activity within the HC in response to scenes, while other perceptual nodes remained intact. This work highlights the impact of polygenic contributions to brain function beyond APOE, which could aid potential therapeutic/interventional strategies in the detection and prevention of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah L Chandler
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Carl J Hodgetts
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Xavier Caseras
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Kevin Murphy
- CUBRIC, School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 3AA, UK
| | - Thomas M Lancaster
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK.
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK.
- UK Dementia Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK.
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33
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Vinueza-Veloz MF, Martín-Román C, Robalino-Valdivieso MP, White T, Kushner SA, De Zeeuw CI. Genetic risk for Alzheimer disease in children: Evidence from early-life IQ and brain white-matter microstructure. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2020; 19:e12656. [PMID: 32383552 PMCID: PMC7507145 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
It remains unclear whether the genetic risk for late‐onset Alzheimer disease (AD) is linked to premorbid individual differences in general cognitive ability and brain structure. The objective of the present study was to determine whether the genetic risk of late‐onset AD is related to premorbid individual differences in intelligence quotient (IQ) and characteristics of the cerebral white‐matter in children. The study sample included children of the Generation R Study from Rotterdam, The Netherlands. IQ was measured using a well‐validated Dutch nonverbal IQ test (n = 1908) at ages 5 to 9 years. White‐matter microstructure was assessed by measuring fractional anisotropy (FA) of white‐matter tracts using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) (n = 919) at ages 9 to 12 years. Genetic risk was quantified using three biologically defined genetic risk scores (GRSs) hypothesized to be related to the pathophysiology of late‐onset AD: immune response, cholesterol/lipid metabolism and endocytosis. Higher genetic risk for late‐onset AD that included genes associated with immune responsivity had a negative influence on cognition and cerebral white‐matter microstructure. For each unit increase in the immune response GRS, IQ decreased by 0.259 SD (95% CI [−0.500, −0.017]). For each unit increase in the immune response GRS, global FA decreased by 0.373 SD (95% CI [−0.721, −0.026]). Neither cholesterol/lipid metabolism nor endocytosis GRSs were associated with IQ or cerebral white‐matter microstructure. Our findings suggest that elevated genetic risk for late‐onset AD may in part be manifest during childhood neurodevelopment through alterations in immune responsivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Fernanda Vinueza-Veloz
- School of Medicine, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Riobamba, Ecuador.,Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carlos Martín-Román
- Leiden Institute for Advanced Computer Science, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Tonya White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Steven A Kushner
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York City, United States of America, United States of America
| | - Chris I De Zeeuw
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, The Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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34
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Ellis N, Tee A, McAllister B, Massey T, McLauchlan D, Stone T, Correia K, Loupe J, Kim KH, Barker D, Hong EP, Chao MJ, Long JD, Lucente D, Vonsattel JPG, Pinto RM, Elneel KA, Ramos EM, Mysore JS, Gillis T, Wheeler VC, Medway C, Hall L, Kwak S, Sampaio C, Ciosi M, Maxwell A, Chatzi A, Monckton DG, Orth M, Landwehrmeyer GB, Paulsen JS, Shoulson I, Myers RH, van Duijn E, Rickards H, MacDonald ME, Lee JM, Gusella JF, Jones L, Holmans P. Genetic Risk Underlying Psychiatric and Cognitive Symptoms in Huntington's Disease. Biol Psychiatry 2020; 87:857-865. [PMID: 32087949 PMCID: PMC7156911 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder caused by an expanded CAG repeat in the HTT gene. It is diagnosed following a standardized examination of motor control and often presents with cognitive decline and psychiatric symptoms. Recent studies have detected genetic loci modifying the age at onset of motor symptoms in HD, but genetic factors influencing cognitive and psychiatric presentations are unknown. METHODS We tested the hypothesis that psychiatric and cognitive symptoms in HD are influenced by the same common genetic variation as in the general population by 1) constructing polygenic risk scores from large genome-wide association studies of psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders and of intelligence and 2) testing for correlation with the presence of psychiatric and cognitive symptoms in a large sample (n = 5160) of patients with HD. RESULTS Polygenic risk score for major depression was associated specifically with increased risk of depression in HD, as was schizophrenia risk score with psychosis and irritability. Cognitive impairment and apathy were associated with reduced polygenic risk score for intelligence. CONCLUSIONS Polygenic risk scores for psychiatric disorders, particularly depression and schizophrenia, are associated with increased risk of the corresponding psychiatric symptoms in HD, suggesting a common genetic liability. However, the genetic liability to cognitive impairment and apathy appears to be distinct from other psychiatric symptoms in HD. No associations were observed between HD symptoms and risk scores for other neurodegenerative disorders. These data provide a rationale for treatments effective in depression and schizophrenia to be used to treat depression and psychotic symptoms in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Ellis
- Cardiff University School of Medicine, UHW Main Building, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Amelia Tee
- Cardiff University School of Medicine, UHW Main Building, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Branduff McAllister
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Massey
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Duncan McLauchlan
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom,Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy Stone
- Department of Targeted Intervention, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Science, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Correia
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jacob Loupe
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama
| | - Kyung-Hee Kim
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Douglas Barker
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eun Pyo Hong
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael J. Chao
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jeffrey D. Long
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa,Department of Psychiatry, Roy and Lucille Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Diane Lucente
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jean Paul G. Vonsattel
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Ricardo Mouro Pinto
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kawther Abu Elneel
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eliana Marisa Ramos
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jayalakshmi Srinidhi Mysore
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tammy Gillis
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vanessa C. Wheeler
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christopher Medway
- All Wales Medical Genetics Service, Institute of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Lynsey Hall
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Marc Ciosi
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow
| | - Alastair Maxwell
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow
| | - Afroditi Chatzi
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow
| | - Darren G. Monckton
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow
| | - Michael Orth
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Jane S. Paulsen
- Department of Psychiatry, Roy and Lucille Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa,Department of Neurology, Roy and Lucille Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Ira Shoulson
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Richard H. Myers
- Department of Neurology and Genome Science Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Erik van Duijn
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands,Mental Health Care Centre Delfland, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Hugh Rickards
- National Centre for Mental Health, Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom,College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Marcy E. MacDonald
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,Medical and Population Genetics Program, the Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Jong-min Lee
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - James F. Gusella
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,Medical and Population Genetics Program, the Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Lesley Jones
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Holmans
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
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35
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Cirillo A, Diniz E, Gadelha A, Asevedo E, Axelrud LK, Miguel EC, Rohde LA, Bressan RA, Pan P, Mari JDJ. Population neuroscience: challenges and opportunities for psychiatric research in low- and middle-income countries. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 42:442-448. [PMID: 32267341 PMCID: PMC7430393 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Population neuroscience is an emerging field that combines epidemiology and neuroscience to study how genes and the environment shape typical and atypical brain functioning. The objective of this study was to review key studies on population neuroscience from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and to identify potential gaps vis-à-vis studies conducted in high-income countries. Methods: We conducted a systematic review to search for longitudinal cohort studies investigating the development of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents in LMICs. We performed an electronic search in the EMBASE and MEDLINE databases from inception to July 5th, 2019. Results: We found six cohorts from four countries that met our search criteria: three cohorts from Brazil, one from China, one from South Africa, and one from Mauritius. Relevant examples of findings from these studies are reported. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate the impact of the valuable science output these cohort designs promote, allowing LMICs to have a share in frontline global psychiatry research. National and international funding agencies should invest in LMIC population neuroscience in order to promote replication and generalization of research from high-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elton Diniz
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ary Gadelha
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Elson Asevedo
- Global Mental Health Program, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luiza K Axelrud
- Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatria do Desenvolvimento para Crianças e Adolescentes (INPD), Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Eurípedes C Miguel
- Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatria do Desenvolvimento para Crianças e Adolescentes (INPD), Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis Augusto Rohde
- Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatria do Desenvolvimento para Crianças e Adolescentes (INPD), Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A Bressan
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro Pan
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jair de J Mari
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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36
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Sims R, Hill M, Williams J. The multiplex model of the genetics of Alzheimer's disease. Nat Neurosci 2020; 23:311-322. [PMID: 32112059 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-020-0599-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Genes play a strong role in Alzheimer's disease (AD), with late-onset AD showing heritability of 58-79% and early-onset AD showing over 90%. Genetic association provides a robust platform to build our understanding of the etiology of this complex disease. Over 50 loci are now implicated for AD, suggesting that AD is a disease of multiple components, as supported by pathway analyses (immunity, endocytosis, cholesterol transport, ubiquitination, amyloid-β and tau processing). Over 50% of late-onset AD heritability has been captured, allowing researchers to calculate the accumulation of AD genetic risk through polygenic risk scores. A polygenic risk score predicts disease with up to 90% accuracy and is an exciting tool in our research armory that could allow selection of those with high polygenic risk scores for clinical trials and precision medicine. It could also allow cellular modelling of the combined risk. Here we propose the multiplex model as a new perspective from which to understand AD. The multiplex model reflects the combination of some, or all, of these model components (genetic and environmental), in a tissue-specific manner, to trigger or sustain a disease cascade, which ultimately results in the cell and synaptic loss observed in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Sims
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Matthew Hill
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Julie Williams
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
- UK Dementia Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
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Lamballais S, Muetzel RL, Ikram MA, Tiemeier H, Vernooij MW, White T, Adams HHH. Genetic Burden for Late-Life Neurodegenerative Disease and Its Association With Early-Life Lipids, Brain, Behavior, and Cognition. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:33. [PMID: 32116848 PMCID: PMC7018686 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetics play a significant role in the etiology of late-life neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and frontotemporal dementia. Part of the individual differences in risk for these diseases can be traced back decades before the onset of disease symptoms. Previous studies have shown evidence for plausible links of apolipoprotein E (APOE), the most important genetic marker for Alzheimer's disease, with early-life cognition and neuroimaging markers. We aimed to assess whether genome-wide genetic burden for the aforementioned neurodegenerative diseases plays a role in early-life processes. METHODS We studied children from the Generation R Study, a prospective birth cohort. APOE genotypes and polygenic genetic burdens for Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and frontotemporal dementia were obtained through genome-wide genotyping. Non-verbal intelligence was assessed through cognitive tests at the research center around the age of 6 years, and educational attainment through a national school performance test around the age of 11 years. The Child Behavior Checklist was administered around the age of 10 years, and data from the anxious/depressed, withdrawn/depressed, and the internalizing behavior problems scales were used. Children participated in a neuroimaging study when they were 10 years old, in which structural brain metrics were obtained. Lipid serum profiles, which may be influenced by APOE genotype, were assessed from venal blood obtained around the age of 6 years. The sample size per analysis varied between 1,641 and 3,650 children due to completeness of data. RESULTS We did not find evidence that APOE genotype or the polygenic scores impact on childhood nonverbal intelligence, educational attainment, internalizing behavior, and global brain structural measures including total brain volume and whole brain fractional anisotropy (all p > 0.05). Carriership of the APOE ε2 allele was associated with lower and APOE ε4 with higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations when compared to APOE ε3/ε3 carriers. CONCLUSION We found no evidence that genetic burden for late-life neurodegenerative diseases associates with early-life cognition, internalizing behavior, or global brain structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander Lamballais
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ryan L Muetzel
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mohammad Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Social and Behavioral Science, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Meike W Vernooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tonya White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hieab H H Adams
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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38
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Harrison JR, Mistry S, Muskett N, Escott-Price V. From Polygenic Scores to Precision Medicine in Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 74:1271-1283. [PMID: 32250305 PMCID: PMC7242840 DOI: 10.3233/jad-191233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) is highly heritable. The effect of many common genetic variants, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), confer risk. Variants are clustered in areas of biology, notably immunity and inflammation, cholesterol metabolism, endocytosis, and ubiquitination. Polygenic scores (PRS), which weight the sum of an individual's risk alleles, have been used to draw inferences about the pathological processes underpinning AD. OBJECTIVE This paper aims to systematically review how AD PRS are being used to study a range of outcomes and phenotypes related to neurodegeneration. METHODS We searched the literature from July 2008-July 2018 following PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS 57 studies met criteria. The AD PRS can distinguish AD cases from controls. The ability of AD PRS to predict conversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to AD was less clear. There was strong evidence of association between AD PRS and cognitive impairment. AD PRS were correlated with a number of biological phenotypes associated with AD pathology, such as neuroimaging changes and amyloid and tau measures. Pathway-specific polygenic scores were also associated with AD-related biologically relevant phenotypes. CONCLUSION PRS can predict AD effectively and are associated with cognitive impairment. There is also evidence of association between AD PRS and other phenotypes relevant to neurodegeneration. The associations between pathway specific polygenic scores and phenotypic changes may allow us to define the biology of the disease in individuals and indicate who may benefit from specific treatments. Longitudinal cohort studies are required to test the ability of PGS to delineate pathway-specific disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith R. Harrison
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), Cardiff, UK
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Hadyn Ellis Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sumit Mistry
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Hadyn Ellis Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Natalie Muskett
- Cardiff University Medical School, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Valentina Escott-Price
- Dementia Research Institute & the MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Hadyn Ellis Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Korologou-Linden R, Anderson EL, Jones HJ, Davey Smith G, Howe LD, Stergiakouli E. Polygenic risk scores for Alzheimer's disease, and academic achievement, cognitive and behavioural measures in children from the general population. Int J Epidemiol 2019; 48:1972-1980. [PMID: 31056667 PMCID: PMC6929531 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyz080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Several studies report a polygenic component of risk for Alzheimer's disease. Understanding whether this polygenic signal is associated with educational, cognitive and behavioural outcomes in children could provide an earlier window for intervention. METHODS We examined whether polygenic risk scores (PRS) at varying P-value thresholds in children from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children were associated with academic achievement, cognitive and behavioural measures in childhood and adolescence. RESULTS We did not detect any evidence that the genome-wide significant PRS (5x10-8) were associated with these outcomes. PRS at the highest P-value threshold examined (P ≤ 5x10-1) were associated with lower academic achievement in adolescents (Key Stage 3; β: -0.03; 95% confidence interval: -0.05, -0.003) but the effect was attenuated when single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with educational attainment were removed. These PRS were associated with lower IQ (β: -0.04; 95% CI: -0.07, -0.02) at age 8 years with the effect remaining after removing SNPs associated with educational attainment. CONCLUSIONS SNPs mediating the biological effects of Alzheimer's disease are unlikely to operate early in life. The evidence of association between PRS for Alzheimer's disease at liberal thresholds and cognitive measures suggest shared genetic pathways between Alzheimer's disease, academic achievement and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxanna Korologou-Linden
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
| | - Emma L Anderson
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
| | - Hannah J Jones
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
- Centre for Academic Mental Health, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at University Hospitals Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - George Davey Smith
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
| | - Laura D Howe
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
| | - Evie Stergiakouli
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
- School of Oral and Dental Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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40
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Spindola LM, Santoro ML, Pan PM, Ota VK, Xavier G, Carvalho CM, Talarico F, Sleiman P, March M, Pellegrino R, Brietzke E, Grassi-Oliveira R, Mari JJ, Gadelha A, Miguel EC, Rohde LA, Bressan RA, Mazzotti DR, Sato JR, Salum GA, Hakonarson H, Belangero SI. Detecting multiple differentially methylated CpG sites and regions related to dimensional psychopathology in youths. Clin Epigenetics 2019; 11:146. [PMID: 31639064 PMCID: PMC6805541 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-019-0740-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Psychiatric symptomatology during late childhood and early adolescence tends to persist later in life. In the present longitudinal study, we aimed to identify changes in genome-wide DNA methylation patterns that were associated with the emergence of psychopathology in youths from the Brazilian High-Risk Cohort (HRC) for psychiatric disorders. Moreover, for the differentially methylated genes, we verified whether differences in DNA methylation corresponded to differences in mRNA transcript levels by analyzing the gene expression levels in the blood and by correlating the variation of DNA methylation values with the variation of mRNA levels of the same individuals. Finally, we examined whether the variations in DNA methylation and mRNA levels were correlated with psychopathology measurements over time. Methods We selected 24 youths from the HRC who presented with an increase in dimensional psychopathology at a 3-year follow-up as measured by the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). The DNA methylation and gene expression data were compared in peripheral blood samples (n = 48) obtained from the 24 youths before and after developing psychopathology. We implemented a methodological framework to reduce the effect of chronological age on DNA methylation using an independent population of 140 youths and the effect of puberty using data from the literature. Results We identified 663 differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and 90 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) associated with the emergence of psychopathology. We observed that 15 DMPs were mapped to genes that were differentially expressed in the blood; among these, we found a correlation between the DNA methylation and mRNA levels of RB1CC1 and a correlation between the CBCL and mRNA levels of KMT2E. Of the DMRs, three genes were differentially expressed: ASCL2, which is involved in neurogenesis; HLA-E, which is mapped to the MHC loci; and RPS6KB1, the gene expression of which was correlated with an increase in the CBCL between the time points. Conclusions We observed that changes in DNA methylation and, consequently, in gene expression in the peripheral blood occurred concurrently with the emergence of dimensional psychopathology in youths. Therefore, epigenomic modulations might be involved in the regulation of an individual’s development of psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia M Spindola
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu 740, Ed. Leitão da Cunha, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.,LiNC - Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos L Santoro
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu 740, Ed. Leitão da Cunha, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.,LiNC - Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro M Pan
- LiNC - Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanessa K Ota
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu 740, Ed. Leitão da Cunha, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.,LiNC - Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Xavier
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu 740, Ed. Leitão da Cunha, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.,LiNC - Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina M Carvalho
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu 740, Ed. Leitão da Cunha, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.,LiNC - Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Talarico
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu 740, Ed. Leitão da Cunha, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.,LiNC - Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrick Sleiman
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Michael March
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Renata Pellegrino
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
| | | | - Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
- Brain Institute, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jair J Mari
- LiNC - Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ary Gadelha
- LiNC - Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Euripedes C Miguel
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis A Rohde
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A Bressan
- LiNC - Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diego R Mazzotti
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - João R Sato
- Center of Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | - Giovanni A Salum
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Sintia I Belangero
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu 740, Ed. Leitão da Cunha, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. .,LiNC - Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Department of Psychiatry, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Wang T, Han Z, Yang Y, Tian R, Zhou W, Ren P, Wang P, Zong J, Hu Y, Jiang Q. Polygenic Risk Score for Alzheimer's Disease Is Associated With Ch4 Volume in Normal Subjects. Front Genet 2019; 10:519. [PMID: 31354783 PMCID: PMC6636399 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease. APOE is the strong genetic risk factor of AD. The existing genome-wide association studies have identified many single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with minor effects on AD risk and the polygenic risk score (PRS) is presented to combine the effect of these SNPs. On the other hand, the volumes of various brain regions in AD patients have significant changes compared to that in normal individuals. Ch4 brain region containing at least 90% cholinergic neurons is the most extensive and conspicuous in the basal forebrain. Here, we investigated the relationship between the combined effect of AD-associated SNPs and Ch4 volume using the PRS approach. Our results showed that Ch4 volume in AD patients is significantly different from that in normal control subjects (p-value < 2.2 × 10-16). AD PRS, is not associated with the Ch4 volume in AD patients, excluding the APOE region (p-value = 0.264) and including the APOE region (p-value = 0.213). However, AD best-fit PRS, excluding the APOE region, is associated with Ch4 volume in normal control subjects (p-value = 0.015). AD PRS based on 8070 SNPs could explain 3.35% variance of Ch4 volume. In addition, the p-value of AD PRS model in normal control subjects, including the APOE region, is 0.006. AD PRS based on 8079 SNPs could explain 4.23% variance of Ch4 volume. In conclusion, PRS based on AD-associated SNPs is significantly related to Ch4 volume in normal subjects but not in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Zhifa Han
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Information Department, Jiangsu Singch Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, China
| | - Rui Tian
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Wenyang Zhou
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Peng Ren
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Pingping Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Jian Zong
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Hu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
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42
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Axelrud LK, Sato JR, Santoro ML, Talarico F, Pine DS, Rohde LA, Zugman A, Junior EA, Bressan RA, Grassi-Oliveira R, Pan PM, Hoffmann MS, Simioni AR, Guinjoan SM, Hakonarson H, Brietzke E, Gadelha A, Pellegrino da Silva R, Hoexter MQ, Miguel EC, Belangero SI, Salum GA. Genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease and functional brain connectivity in children and adolescents. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 82:10-17. [PMID: 31376729 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Research suggested accumulation of tau proteins might lead to the degeneration of functional networks. Studies investigating the impact of genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) on early brain connections might shed light on mechanisms leading to AD development later in life. Here, we aim to investigate whether the polygenic risk score for Alzheimer's disease (AD-PRS) influences the connectivity among regions susceptible to tau pathology during childhood and adolescence. Participants were youth, aged 6-14 years, and recruited in Porto Alegre (discovery sample, n = 332) and São Paulo (replication sample, n = 304), Brazil. Subjects underwent genotyping and 6-min resting state funcional magnetic resonance imaging. Connections between the local maxima of tau pathology networks were used as dependent variables. The AD-PRS was associated with the connectivity between the right precuneus and the right superior temporal gyrus (discovery sample: β = 0.180, padjusted = 0.036; replication sample: β = 0.202, p = 0.031). This connectivity was also associated with inhibitory control (β = 0.157, padjusted = 0.035) and moderated the association between the AD-PRS and both immediate and delayed recall. These findings suggest the AD-PRS may affect brain connectivity in youth, which might impact memory performance and inhibitory control in early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Kvitko Axelrud
- Departamento de Psiquiatria e Medicina Legal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Section on Negative Affect and Social Processes, Porto Alegre, Brazil; National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry (INPD, CNPq), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Ricardo Sato
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry (INPD, CNPq), São Paulo, Brazil; Centro de Matemática, Computação e Cognição, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | - Marcos Leite Santoro
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry (INPD, CNPq), São Paulo, Brazil; Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Talarico
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry (INPD, CNPq), São Paulo, Brazil; Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Samuel Pine
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Luis Augusto Rohde
- Departamento de Psiquiatria e Medicina Legal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Section on Negative Affect and Social Processes, Porto Alegre, Brazil; National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry (INPD, CNPq), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andre Zugman
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry (INPD, CNPq), São Paulo, Brazil; Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edson Amaro Junior
- Department of Radiology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Affonseca Bressan
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry (INPD, CNPq), São Paulo, Brazil; Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group (GNCD), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Pedro Mario Pan
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry (INPD, CNPq), São Paulo, Brazil; Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maurício Scopel Hoffmann
- Departamento de Psiquiatria e Medicina Legal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Section on Negative Affect and Social Processes, Porto Alegre, Brazil; National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry (INPD, CNPq), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andre Rafael Simioni
- Departamento de Psiquiatria e Medicina Legal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Section on Negative Affect and Social Processes, Porto Alegre, Brazil; National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry (INPD, CNPq), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Elisa Brietzke
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ary Gadelha
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry (INPD, CNPq), São Paulo, Brazil; Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Euripedes Constantino Miguel
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry (INPD, CNPq), São Paulo, Brazil; Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sintia Iole Belangero
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry (INPD, CNPq), São Paulo, Brazil; Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovanni Abrahão Salum
- Departamento de Psiquiatria e Medicina Legal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Section on Negative Affect and Social Processes, Porto Alegre, Brazil; National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry (INPD, CNPq), São Paulo, Brazil.
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Lancaster T, Hill M, Sims R, Williams J. Microglia - mediated immunity partly contributes to the genetic association between Alzheimer's disease and hippocampal volume. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 79:267-273. [PMID: 30776473 PMCID: PMC6605284 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) suggest that Alzheimer's disease (AD) is partly explained by a burden of risk alleles (single nucleotide polymorphisms; SNPs) with relatively small effects. However, the mechanisms by which these loci cumulatively confer susceptibility remain largely unknown. Accumulating evidence suggests an association between increased AD risk allele burden (measured via a polygenic risk profile score; AD-RPS) with reduced hippocampal volume (HV) across a number of independent cohorts. These lines of research suggest that the reduced HV may be a causal mechanism of risk in the development of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, as RPS assesses broad, cumulative genetic risk, little is known about the biological processes which may explain this observation. Here, we leverage GWAS data from i) 17,008 late onset AD cases & 37,154 controls and ii) hippocampal volume (N = 12,147; N = 9707) to explore putative pathways that may explain this association. We first demonstrate an association between whole genome AD-RPS and HV (PT < 0.5, Z = -2.07, P = 0.038), confirming previous associations. Second, we restrict our analysis to SNPs within AD genes within a microglia mediated immunity network (NGENES = 56). A microglia AD-RPS was further associated with HV (PT < 0.01; Z = -2.152, P = 0.031). Last, using a competitive, permutation based approach, we show that the common variation within this candidate gene-set is associated with HV, controlling for SNP set-size (P = 0.024). Together, the observations suggest that the relationship between AD and HV is partially explained by genes within an AD-linked microglia mediated immunity network.
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Affiliation(s)
- T.M. Lancaster
- UK Dementia Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, UK,Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, UK,MRC Centre of Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, UK,Corresponding author at: Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, Wales, UK.
| | - M.J. Hill
- UK Dementia Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, UK,MRC Centre of Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, UK
| | - R. Sims
- UK Dementia Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, UK,MRC Centre of Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, UK
| | - J. Williams
- UK Dementia Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, UK,MRC Centre of Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, UK
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Chaudhury S, Brookes KJ, Patel T, Fallows A, Guetta-Baranes T, Turton JC, Guerreiro R, Bras J, Hardy J, Francis PT, Croucher R, Holmes C, Morgan K, Thomas AJ. Alzheimer's disease polygenic risk score as a predictor of conversion from mild-cognitive impairment. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:154. [PMID: 31127079 PMCID: PMC6534556 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-019-0485-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Mild-cognitive impairment (MCI) occurs in up to one-fifth of individuals over the age of 65, with approximately a third of MCI individuals converting to dementia in later life. There is a growing necessity for early identification for those at risk of dementia as pathological processes begin decades before onset of symptoms. A cohort of 122 individuals diagnosed with MCI and followed up for a 36-month period for conversion to late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) were genotyped on the NeuroChip array along with pathologically confirmed cases of LOAD and cognitively normal controls. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) for each individual were generated using PRSice-2, derived from summary statistics produced from the International Genomics of Alzheimer's Disease Project (IGAP) genome-wide association study. Predictability models for LOAD were developed incorporating the PRS with APOE SNPs (rs7412 and rs429358), age and gender. This model was subsequently applied to the MCI cohort to determine whether it could be used to predict conversion from MCI to LOAD. The PRS model for LOAD using area under the precision-recall curve (AUPRC) calculated a predictability for LOAD of 82.5%. When applied to the MCI cohort predictability for conversion from MCI to LOAD was 61.0%. Increases in average PRS scores across diagnosis group were observed with one-way ANOVA suggesting significant differences in PRS between the groups (p < 0.0001). This analysis suggests that the PRS model for LOAD can be used to identify individuals with MCI at risk of conversion to LOAD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tulsi Patel
- Human Genetics Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Abigail Fallows
- Human Genetics Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - James C Turton
- Human Genetics Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Rita Guerreiro
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London and ION Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, London, UK
| | - Jose Bras
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London and ION Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, London, UK
| | - John Hardy
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London and ION Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, London, UK
| | - Paul T Francis
- Brains for Dementia Research Resource, Wolfson CARD, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Clive Holmes
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Kevin Morgan
- Human Genetics Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - A J Thomas
- Institute of Neuroscience Biomedical Research Building Campus for Ageing and Vitality Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
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Lancaster TM. Associations between rare microglia-linked Alzheimer's disease risk variants and subcortical brain volumes in young individuals. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA: DIAGNOSIS, ASSESSMENT & DISEASE MONITORING 2019; 11:368-373. [PMID: 31080872 PMCID: PMC6501059 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadm.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Recent exome sequencing studies have identified three novel risk variants associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanisms by which these variants confer risk are largely unknown. Methods In the present study, the impact of these rare coding variants (in ABI3, PLCG2, and TREM2) on all subcortical volumes is determined in a large sample of young healthy individuals (N = 756–765; aged 22–35 years). Results After multiple testing correction (PCORRECTED < .05), rare variants were associated with basal ganglia volumes (TREM2 and PLCG2 effects within the putamen and pallidum, respectively). Nominal associations between TREM2 and reduced hippocampal and thalamic volumes were also observed. Discussion Our observations suggest that rare variants in microglia-mediated immunity pathway may contribute to the subcortical alterations observed in AD cases. These observations provide further evidence that genetic risk for AD may influence the volume of subcortical volumes and increase AD risk in early life processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Lancaster
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, UK
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Wang Q, Wang C, Ji B, Zhou J, Yang C, Chen J. Hapln2 in Neurological Diseases and Its Potential as Therapeutic Target. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:60. [PMID: 30949044 PMCID: PMC6437066 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 2 (Hapln2) is important for the binding of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans to hyaluronan. Hapln2 deficiency leads to the abnormal expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and dysfunctional neuronal conductivity, demonstrating the vital role of Hapln2 in these processes. Studies have revealed that Hapln2 promotes the aggregation of α-synuclein, thereby contributing to neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s disease (PD), and it was recently suggested to be in intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Additionally, the expression levels of Hapln2 showed lower in the anterior temporal lobes of individuals with schizophrenia than those of healthy subjects. Together, these studies implicate the involvement of Hapln2 in the pathological processes of neurological diseases. A better understanding of the function of Hapln2 in the central nervous system (CNS) will provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of these diseases and help to establish promising therapeutic strategies. Herein, we review the recent progress in defining the role of Hapln2 in brain physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Wang
- Neurobiology Key Laboratory, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- Neurobiology Key Laboratory, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Bingyuan Ji
- Neurobiology Key Laboratory, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunqing Yang
- Neurobiology Key Laboratory, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Neurobiology Key Laboratory, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
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Relationship between Alzheimer's disease-associated SNPs within the CLU gene, local DNA methylation and episodic verbal memory in healthy and schizophrenia subjects. Psychiatry Res 2019; 272:380-386. [PMID: 30599442 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.12.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Genetic variation may impact on local DNA methylation patterns. Therefore, information about allele-specific DNA methylation (ASM) within disease-related loci has been proposed to be useful for the interpretation of GWAS results. To explore mechanisms that may underlie associations between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and schizophrenia risk CLU gene and verbal memory, one of the most affected cognitive domains in both conditions, we studied DNA methylation in a region between AD-associated SNPs rs9331888 and rs9331896 in 72 healthy individuals and 73 schizophrenia patients. Using single-molecule real-time bisulfite sequencing we assessed the haplotype-dependent ASM in this region. We then investigated whether its methylation could influence episodic verbal memory measured with the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test in these two cohorts. The region showed a complex methylation pattern, which was similar in healthy and schizophrenia individuals and unrelated to haplotypes. The pattern predicted memory scores in controls. The results suggest that epigenetic modifications within the CLU locus may play a role in memory variation, independent of ASM.
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Traumatic brain injury and dementia. Lancet Psychiatry 2018; 5:782-783. [PMID: 30274671 DOI: 10.1016/s2215-0366(18)30187-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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