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Matsushita M, Kitoh H, Mishima K, Kamiya Y, Kato D, Takemoto G, Sawamura K, Ueno S, Yasuhiro N, Nishida K, Imagama S. Phase 1b study on the repurposing of meclizine hydrochloride for children with achondroplasia. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283425. [PMID: 37428729 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Achondroplasia (ACH) is a common skeletal dysplasia characterized by a disproportionately short stature. We found that meclizine, which is an over-the-counter drug for motion sickness, inhibited the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) gene using a drug repositioning strategy, and meclizine 1 and 2 mg/kg/day promoted bone growth in a mouse model of ACH. A previous phase 1a clinical trial for children with ACH demonstrated that a single dose of meclizine 25 and 50 mg was safe and that the simulated plasma concentration achieved steady state approximately 10 days after the first dose. The current study aimed to evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics (PK) of meclizine in children with ACH after a 14-day-repeated dose of meclizine. Twelve patients with ACH aged 5-10 years were enrolled. Meclizine 12.5 (cohort 1) and 25 mg/day (cohort 2) were administered after meals for 14 days, and adverse events (AEs) and PK were evaluated. No patient experienced serious AEs in either group. The average (95% confidential interval [CI]) maximum drug concentration (Cmax), peak drug concentration (Tmax), area under the curve (AUC) from 0 to 24 h, and terminal elimination half-life (t1/2) after a 14-day-repeated administration of meclizine (12.5 mg) were 167 (83-250) ng/mL, 3.7 (3.1-4.2) h, 1170 (765-1570) ng·h/mL, and 7.4 (6.7-8.0) h, respectively. The AUC0-6h after the final administration was 1.5 times that after the initial dose. Cmax and AUC were higher in cohort 2 than in cohort 1 in a dose-dependent manner. Regarding the regimen of meclizine 12.5 and 25 mg in patients < 20 kg and ≥ 20 kg, respectively, the average (95% CI) AUC0-24h was 1270 (1100-1440) ng·h/mL. Compartment models demonstrated that the plasma concentration of meclizine achieved at a steady state after the 14th administration. Long-term administration of meclizine 12.5 or 25 mg/day is recommended for phase 2 clinical trials in children with ACH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Matsushita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitoh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, Obu, Japan
- Department of Comprehensive Pediatric Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kenichi Mishima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasunari Kamiya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Daisaku Kato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Genta Takemoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kenta Sawamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, Obu, Japan
| | - Shinji Ueno
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Nakai Yasuhiro
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nishida
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shiro Imagama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Jang EH, Bae HD, Jeon Y, Shin DH, Kang S, Lee K. Meclizine, a piperazine-derivative antihistamine, binds to dimerized translationally controlled tumor protein and attenuates allergic reactions in a mouse model. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:114072. [PMID: 36493627 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP), a highly conserved protein present in most eukaryotes, is involved in numerous biological processes. Only the dimeric form of TCTP (dTCTP) formed during inflammatory conditions exhibits cytokine-like activity. Therefore, dTCTP is considered as a therapeutic target for allergic diseases. Because monomeric TCTP (mTCTP) and dTCTP share a high topological similarity, we hypothesized that small molecules interacting with mTCTP would also bind to dTCTP and interfere with dTCTP-based cellular processes. In this study, nine compounds listed in the literature as interacting with mTCTP were investigated for their ability to suppress the activity of extracellular dTCTP in bronchial epithelial cells. It was found that one of the nine, meclizine, a piperazine-derivative antihistamine, significantly reduced IL-8 release and suppressed the NF-κB pathway. The direct interaction of meclizine with dTCTP was confirmed by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Also, we found that meclizine can attenuate ovalbumin (OVA)-induced airway inflammation in mice. Therefore, meclizine might be a potential anti-allergic drug as an inhibitor for dTCTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Hwa Jang
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Hae-Duck Bae
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Yejin Jeon
- Bone Science R&D Center, 3, Magokjungang 12-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07789, South Korea
| | - Dong Hae Shin
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Soosung Kang
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Kyunglim Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea.
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Kamiya Y, Matsushita M, Mishima K, Ohkawara B, Michigami T, Imagama S, Ohno K, Kitoh H. Meclozine ameliorates bone mineralization and growth plate structure in a mouse model of X‑linked hypophosphatemia. Exp Ther Med 2022; 25:39. [PMID: 36569439 PMCID: PMC9764053 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH) is characterized by hypo-mineralization of the bone due to hypophosphatemia. XLH is caused by abnormally high levels of fibroblast growth factor 23, which trigger renal phosphate wasting. Activated fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) signaling is considered to be involved in XLH pathology. Our previous study revealed that meclozine attenuated FGFR3 signaling and promoted longitudinal bone growth in an achondroplasia mouse model. The present study aimed to examine whether meclozine affected the bone phenotype in a mouse model of XLH [X-linked hypophosphatemic (Hyp) mice]. Meclozine was administered orally to 7-day-old Hyp mice for 10 days, after which the mice were subjected to blood sampling and histological analyses of the first coccygeal vertebra, femur and tibia. Villanueva Goldner staining was used to assess bone mineralization, hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to determine the growth plate structure and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining was used to measure osteoclast activity. The osteoid volume/bone volume of cortical bone was lower in meclozine-treated Hyp mice compared with untreated Hyp mice. Meclozine treatment improved the abnormally thick hypertrophic zone of the growth plate and ameliorated the downregulation of osteoclast surface/bone surface in Hyp mice. However, meclozine had only a marginal effect on mineralization in the trabecular bone and on calcium and phosphate plasma levels. A 10-day-tratment with meclozine partially ameliorated bone mineralization in Hyp mice; hence, meclozine could alleviate XLH symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunari Kamiya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan,Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Masaki Matsushita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan,Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan,Correspondence to: Dr Masaki Matsushita, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kenichi Mishima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan,Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Bisei Ohkawara
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Toshimi Michigami
- Department of Bone and Mineral Research, Research Institute, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka Prefectural Hospital Organization, Izumi, Osaka, 594-1101, Japan
| | - Shiro Imagama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kinji Ohno
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitoh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, Obu, Aichi 474-8710, Japan,Department of Comprehensive Pediatric Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Motion sickness is a syndrome that occurs as a result of passive body movement in response to actual motion, or the illusion of motion when exposed to virtual and moving visual environments. The most common symptoms are nausea and vomiting. Antihistamines have been used in the management of motion sickness for decades, however studies have shown conflicting results regarding their efficacy. OBJECTIVES To assess the effectiveness of antihistamines in the prevention and treatment of motion sickness in adults and children. SEARCH METHODS The Cochrane ENT Information Specialist searched the Cochrane ENT Register; Central Register of Controlled Trials; Ovid MEDLINE; Ovid Embase; Web of Science; ClinicalTrials.gov; ICTRP and additional sources for published and unpublished trials. The date of the search was 7 December 2021. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in susceptible adults and children in whom motion sickness was induced under natural conditions such as air, sea and land transportation. We also included studies in which motion sickness was induced under experimental conditions (analysed separately). Antihistamines were included regardless of class, route or dosage and compared to no treatment, placebo or any other pharmacological or non-pharmacological interventions. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard Cochrane methods. Our primary outcomes were 1) the proportion of susceptible participants who did not experience any motion sickness symptoms; 2) the proportion of susceptible participants who experienced a reduction or resolution of existing symptoms. Secondary outcomes were 1) physiological measures (heart rate, core temperature and gastric tachyarrhythmia (electrogastrography)) and 2) adverse effects (sedation, impaired cognition, blurred vision). We used GRADE to assess the certainty of the evidence for each outcome. MAIN RESULTS We included nine RCTs (658 participants). Studies were conducted across seven countries, with an overall age range of 16 to 55 years. Motion sickness was induced naturally in six studies and experimentally in four studies (rotating chair). All the naturally induced studies only evaluated first-generation antihistamines (cinnarizine and dimenhydrinate). Risk of bias across the studies varied, with mostly low risk for random sequence generation and allocation concealment, and mostly high risk for selective reporting. Only the experimentally induced studies measured physiological parameters and only the naturally induced studies evaluated adverse effects. There were no studies that clearly assessed the paediatric population. Antihistamines versus placebo or no treatment Antihistamines are probably more effective than placebo at preventing motion sickness symptoms under natural conditions (symptoms prevented: 25% placebo; 40% antihistamines) (risk ratio (RR) 1.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.23 to 2.66; 3 studies; 240 participants) (moderate-certainty). The evidence is very uncertain about the effect of antihistamines on preventing motion sickness under experimental conditions (standardised mean difference (SMD) 0.32, 95% CI -0.18 to 0.83; 2 studies; 62 participants) (very low-certainty). No studies reported results on the resolution of existing motion sickness symptoms. Antihistamines may result in little or no difference in gastric tachyarrhythmia under experimental conditions (mean difference (MD) -2.2, 95% CI -11.71 to 7.31; 1 study; 42 participants) (low-certainty). No studies reported results for any other physiological measures. When compared to placebo, antihistamines may be more likely to cause sedation (sedation: 44% placebo; 66% antihistamines) (RR 1.51, 95% CI 1.12 to 2.02; 2 studies; 190 participants) (low-certainty); they may result in little or no difference in blurred vision (blurred vision: 12.5% placebo; 14% antihistamines) (RR 1.14, 95% CI 0.53 to 2.48; 2 studies; 190 participants) (low-certainty); and they may result in little or no difference in terms of impaired cognition (impaired cognition: 33% placebo; 29% antihistamines) (RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.58 to 1.38; 2 studies; 190 participants) (low-certainty). Antihistamines versus scopolamine The evidence is very uncertain about the effect of antihistamines on preventing motion sickness under natural conditions when compared to scopolamine (symptoms prevented: 81% scopolamine; 71% antihistamines) (RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.68 to 1.16; 2 studies; 71 participants) (very low-certainty). No studies were performed under experimental conditions. No studies reported results on the resolution of existing motion sickness symptoms. The evidence is very uncertain about the effect of antihistamines on heart rate under natural conditions (narrative report, 1 study; 20 participants; "No difference in pulse frequency"; very low-certainty). No studies reported results for any other physiological measures. When compared to scopolamine, the evidence is very uncertain about the effect of antihistamines on sedation (sedation: 21% scopolamine; 30% antihistamines) (RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.07 to 9.25; 2 studies; 90 participants) (very low-certainty) and on blurred vision (narrative report: not a significant difference; 1 study; 51 participants; very low-certainty). No studies evaluated impaired cognition. Antihistamines versus antiemetics Antihistamines may result in little or no difference in the prevention of motion sickness under experimental conditions (MD -0.20, 95% CI -10.91 to 10.51; 1 study; 42 participants) (low-certainty). The evidence is of low certainty due to imprecision as the sample size is small and the confidence interval crosses the line of no effect. No studies assessed the effects of antihistamines versus antiemetics under natural conditions. No studies reported results on the resolution of existing motion sickness symptoms. Antihistamines may result in little or no difference in gastric tachyarrhythmia (MD 4.56, 95% CI -3.49 to 12.61; 1 study; 42 participants) (low-certainty). No studies reported results for any other physiological measures. No studies evaluated sedation, impaired cognition or blurred vision. One study reported physiological data for this outcome, evaluating gastric tachyarrhythmia specifically. Antihistamines may result in little or no difference in gastric tachyarrhythmia (MD 4.56, 95% CI -3.49 to 12.61; 1 study; 42 participants; low-certainty evidence). This evidence is of low certainty due to imprecision as the sample size is small and the confidence interval crosses the line of no effect. Antihistamines versus acupuncture The evidence is very uncertain about the effects of antihistamines on the prevention of motion sickness under experimental conditions when compared to acupuncture (RR 1.32, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.57; 1 study; 100 participants) (very low-certainty). This study did not assess the prevention of motion sickness under natural conditions, nor the resolution of existing motion sickness symptoms. There was no study performed under natural conditions. Physiological measures and adverse effects were not reported. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There is probably a reduction in the risk of developing motion sickness symptoms under naturally occurring conditions of motion when using first-generation antihistamines, in motion sickness-susceptible adults, compared to placebo. Antihistamines may be more likely to cause sedation when compared to placebo. No studies evaluated the treatment of existing motion sickness, and there are few data on the effect of antihistamines in children. The evidence for all other outcomes and comparisons (versus scopolamine, antiemetics and acupuncture) was of low or very low certainty and we are therefore uncertain about these effects of antihistamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Karrim
- Institute of Research into Space Health and Astronaut Development, International Centre for Astronautical Development, Durban, South Africa
| | - Ryan Byrne
- Institute of Research into Space Health and Astronaut Development, International Centre for Astronautical Development, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Yougan Saman
- ENT Department, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
- Department of Neuroscience Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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Viola P, Gioacchini FM, Astorina A, Pisani D, Scarpa A, Marcianò G, Casarella A, Basile E, Rania V, Re M, Chiarella G. The pharmacological treatment of acute vestibular syndrome. Front Neurol 2022; 13:999112. [PMID: 36158968 PMCID: PMC9500199 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.999112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute vestibular syndrome (AVS) represents a clinical picture that involves urgent management due to the important procession of symptoms accompanying the event, which can be positively or negatively influenced by therapeutic choices and intervention timing. This forces a differential diagnosis and therapeutic choices to be made in conditions that are not always favorable and often not in the specialist field. In this work, we will examine in detail the pharmacological therapeutic possibilities, correlating them to the differential and, as far as possible, to the etiological diagnosis. In particular, the pharmacological possibilities for the two main conditions we can face will be investigated, namely, vestibular neuritis and posterior circulation stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Viola
- Unit of Audiology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Regional Centre of Cochlear Implants and ENT Diseases, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Federico Maria Gioacchini
- ENT Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessia Astorina
- Unit of Audiology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Regional Centre of Cochlear Implants and ENT Diseases, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Davide Pisani
- Unit of Audiology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Regional Centre of Cochlear Implants and ENT Diseases, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alfonso Scarpa
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
- *Correspondence: Alfonso Scarpa
| | - Gianmarco Marcianò
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alessandro Casarella
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Emanuele Basile
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Rania
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Massimo Re
- ENT Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Chiarella
- Unit of Audiology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Regional Centre of Cochlear Implants and ENT Diseases, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
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Seven ZGT, Özen D, Özyazgan S. Pharmacogenomic Biomarkers. Biomark Med 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/9789815040463122010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Why does the usual dose of medication work for a person while another
individual cannot give the expected response to the same drug? On the other hand, how
come half of the usual dose of an analgesic relieves an individual’s pain immediately,
as another man continue to suffer even after taking double dose? Although a treatment
method has been successfully used in majority of the population for many years, why
does the same therapy cause serious side effects in another region of the world? Most
presently approved therapies are not effective in all patients. For example, 20-40% of
patients with depression respond poorly or not at all to antidepressant drug therapy.
Many patients are resistant to the effects of antiasthmatics and antiulcer drugs or drug
treatment of hyperlipidemia and many other diseases. The reason for all those is
basically interindividual differences in genomic structures of people, which are
explained in this chapter in terms of the systems and the most frequently used drugs in
clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Gizem Todurga Seven
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-
Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Deniz Özen
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-
Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sibel Özyazgan
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-
Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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7
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Li L, Liu R, Peng C, Chen X, Li J. Pharmacogenomics for the efficacy and side effects of antihistamines. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:993-1004. [PMID: 35538735 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Antihistamines, especially H1 antihistamines, are widely used in the treatment of allergic diseases such as urticaria and allergic rhinitis, mainly for reversing elevated histamine and anti-allergic effects. Antihistamines are generally safe, but some patients experience adverse reactions, such as cardiotoxicity, central inhibition, and anticholinergic effects. There are also individual differences in antihistamine efficacy in clinical practice. The concept of individualized medicine has been deeply rooted in people's minds since it was put forward. Pharmacogenomics is the study of the role of inheritance in individual variations in drug response. In recent decades, pharmacogenomics has been developing rapidly, which provides new ideas for individualized medicine. Polymorphisms in the genes encoding metabolic enzymes, transporters, and target receptors have been shown to affect the efficacy of antihistamines. In addition, recent evidence suggests that gene polymorphisms influence urticaria susceptibility and antihistamine therapy. Here, we summarize current reports in this area, aiming to contribute to future research in antihistamines and clinical guidance for antihistamines use in individualized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiao Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Runqiu Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Cong Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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8
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A New Topical Candidate in Acne Treatment: Characterization of the Meclozine Hydrochloride as an Anti-Inflammatory Compound from In Vitro to a Preliminary Clinical Study. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10050931. [PMID: 35625668 PMCID: PMC9138413 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10050931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Acne is a chronic inflammatory multifactorial disease involving the anaerobic bacterium Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes). Current acne treatments are associated with adverse effects, limiting treatment compliance and use. We showed that meclozine, an anti-histaminic H1 compound, has anti-inflammatory properties. In Vitro, meclozine reduced the production of CXCL8/IL-8 and IL-1β mRNA and protein by C. acnes-stimulated human keratinocytes and monocytes. No cell toxicity was observed at the IC50. Meclozine prevented the phosphorylation of ERK and JNK. In Vivo, 1% meclozine gel significantly decreased C. acnes-mouse ear induced inflammation by 26.7% (p = 0.021). Ex vivo experiments on human skin explants showed that meclozine decreased the production of GM-CSF, IL-1β and TNF-α at transcriptional and translational levels. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled proof-of-concept clinical trial on 60 volunteers, 2% meclozine pharmaceutical gel decreased by 20.1% (p < 0.001) the ASI score in the treated group after 12 weeks of treatment. No adverse event was reported. Together, these results indicate that meclozine is a potent topical anti-inflammatory compound of potential value for acne treatment.
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Kawamura Y, Hida T, Ohkawara B, Matsushita M, Kobayashi T, Ishizuka S, Hiraiwa H, Tanaka S, Tsushima M, Nakashima H, Ito K, Imagama S, Ito M, Masuda A, Ishiguro N, Ohno K. Meclozine ameliorates skeletal muscle pathology and increases muscle forces in mdx mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 592:87-92. [PMID: 35033871 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We screened pre-approved drugs for the survival of the Hu5/KD3 human myogenic progenitors. We found that meclozine, an anti-histamine drug that has long been used for motion sickness, promoted the proliferation and survival of Hu5/KD3 cells. Meclozine increased expression of MyoD, but reduced expression of myosin heavy chain and suppressed myotube formation. Withdrawal of meclozine, however, resumed the ability of Hu5/KD3 cells to differentiate into myotubes. We examined the effects of meclozine on mdx mouse carrying a nonsense mutation in the dystrophin gene and modeling for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Intragastric administration of meclozine in mdx mouse increased the body weight, the muscle mass in the lower limbs, the cross-sectional area of the paravertebral muscle, and improved exercise performances. Previous reports show that inhibition of phosphorylation of ERK1/2 improves muscle functions in mouse models for Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy and cancer cachexia, as well as in mdx mice. We and others previously showed that meclozine blocks the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in cultured cells. We currently showed that meclozine decreased phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in muscles in mdx mice but not in wild-type mice. This was likely to be one of the underlying mechanisms of the effects of meclozine on mdx mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kawamura
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Hida
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Bisei Ohkawara
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Masaki Matsushita
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kobayashi
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinya Ishizuka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hideki Hiraiwa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tanaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mikito Tsushima
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nakashima
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kenyu Ito
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shiro Imagama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mikako Ito
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akio Masuda
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naoki Ishiguro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kinji Ohno
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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10
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Di Mizio G, Marcianò G, Palleria C, Muraca L, Rania V, Roberti R, Spaziano G, Piscopo A, Ciconte V, Di Nunno N, Esposito M, Viola P, Pisani D, De Sarro G, Raffi M, Piras A, Chiarella G, Gallelli L. Drug-Drug Interactions in Vestibular Diseases, Clinical Problems, and Medico-Legal Implications. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182412936. [PMID: 34948545 PMCID: PMC8701970 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182412936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral vestibular disease can be treated with several approaches (e.g., maneuvers, surgery, or medical approach). Comorbidity is common in elderly patients, so polytherapy is used, but it can generate the development of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) that play a role in both adverse drug reactions and reduced adherence. For this reason, they need a complex kind of approach, considering all their individual characteristics. Physicians must be able to prescribe and deprescribe drugs based on a solid knowledge of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and clinical indications. Moreover, full information is required to reach a real therapeutic alliance, to improve the safety of care and reduce possible malpractice claims related to drug-drug interactions. In this review, using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library, we searched articles published until 30 August 2021, and described both pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic DDIs in patients with vestibular disorders, focusing the interest on their clinical implications and on risk management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Di Mizio
- Department of Law, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (G.D.M.); (A.P.); (V.C.)
| | - Gianmarco Marcianò
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit, Mater Domini Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (G.M.); (C.P.); (L.M.); (V.R.); (R.R.); (G.D.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Caterina Palleria
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit, Mater Domini Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (G.M.); (C.P.); (L.M.); (V.R.); (R.R.); (G.D.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Lucia Muraca
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit, Mater Domini Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (G.M.); (C.P.); (L.M.); (V.R.); (R.R.); (G.D.S.); (L.G.)
- Department of Primary Care, ASP 7, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Rania
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit, Mater Domini Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (G.M.); (C.P.); (L.M.); (V.R.); (R.R.); (G.D.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Roberta Roberti
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit, Mater Domini Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (G.M.); (C.P.); (L.M.); (V.R.); (R.R.); (G.D.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Spaziano
- Department of Experimental Medicine L. Donatelli, Section of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80123 Naples, Italy;
| | - Amalia Piscopo
- Department of Law, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (G.D.M.); (A.P.); (V.C.)
| | - Valeria Ciconte
- Department of Law, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (G.D.M.); (A.P.); (V.C.)
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit, Mater Domini Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (G.M.); (C.P.); (L.M.); (V.R.); (R.R.); (G.D.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Nunzio Di Nunno
- Department of History, Society and Studies on Humanity, University of Salento, 83100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Massimiliano Esposito
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95121 Catania, Italy;
| | - Pasquale Viola
- Unit of Audiology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Regional Centre of Cochlear Implants and ENT Diseases, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (P.V.); (D.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Davide Pisani
- Unit of Audiology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Regional Centre of Cochlear Implants and ENT Diseases, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (P.V.); (D.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Giovambattista De Sarro
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit, Mater Domini Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (G.M.); (C.P.); (L.M.); (V.R.); (R.R.); (G.D.S.); (L.G.)
- Research Center FAS@UMG, Department of Health Science, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Milena Raffi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Alessandro Piras
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Chiarella
- Unit of Audiology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Regional Centre of Cochlear Implants and ENT Diseases, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (P.V.); (D.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Luca Gallelli
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit, Mater Domini Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (G.M.); (C.P.); (L.M.); (V.R.); (R.R.); (G.D.S.); (L.G.)
- Research Center FAS@UMG, Department of Health Science, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Medifarmagen SRL, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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11
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Gao L, Wang C, Qin B, Li T, Xu W, Lenahan C, Ying G, Li J, Zhao T, Zhu Y, Chen G. 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase Suppresses Neuronal Apoptosis by Increasing Glycolysis and "cyclin-dependent kinase 1-Mediated Phosphorylation of p27 After Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury in Rats. Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689720950226. [PMID: 32841050 PMCID: PMC7563815 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720950226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is a vital pathological factor that accounts for the poor prognosis of
traumatic spinal cord injury (t-SCI). The
6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase (PFKFB3) is a critical
regulator for energy metabolism and proven to have antiapoptotic effects. This
study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective role of PFKFB3 in t-SCI. A
compressive clip was introduced to establish the t-SCI model. Herein, we
identified that PFKFB3 was extensively distributed in neurons, and PFKFB3 levels
significantly increased and peaked 24 h after t-SCI. Additionally, knockdown of
PFKFB3 inhibited glycolysis, accompanied by aggravated neuronal apoptosis and
white matter injury, while pharmacological activation of PFKFB3 with meclizine
significantly enhanced glycolysis, attenuated t-SCI-induced spinal cord injury,
and alleviated neurological impairment. The PFKFB3 agonist, meclizine, activated
cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) and promoted the phosphorylation of p27,
ultimately suppressing neuronal apoptosis. However, the neuroprotective effects
of meclizine against t-SCI were abolished by the CDK1 antagonist, RO3306. In
summary, our data demonstrated that PFKFB3 contributes robust neuroprotection
against t-SCI by enhancing glycolysis and modulating CDK1-related antiapoptotic
signals. Moreover, targeting PFKFB3 may be a novel and promising therapeutic
strategy for t-SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liansheng Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, 89681Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, 89681Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bing Qin
- Department of Neurosurgery, 89681Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, 89681Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weilin Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, 89681Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cameron Lenahan
- 448838Burrell College of Osteopathic Medicine, Las Cruces, NM, USA
| | - Guangyu Ying
- Department of Neurosurgery, 89681Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianru Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, 89681Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tengfei Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, 89681Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongjian Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, 89681Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, 89681Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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12
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Effects of Several Therapeutic Agents on Mammalian Vestibular Function: Meclizine, Diazepam, and JNJ7777120. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2021; 22:527-549. [PMID: 34009490 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-021-00803-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Management of vestibular dysfunction may include treatment with medications that are thought to act to suppress vestibular function and reduce or eliminate abnormal sensitivity to head motions. The extent to which vestibular medications act centrally or peripherally is still debated. In this study, two commonly prescribed medications, meclizine and diazepam, and a candidate for future clinical use, JNJ7777120, were evaluated for their effects on short latency compound action potentials generated by the peripheral vestibular system and corresponding central neural relays (i.e., vestibular sensory-evoked potentials, VsEPs). The effects of the selected drugs developed slowly over the course of two hours in the mouse. Findings indicate that meclizine (600 mg/kg) and diazepam (> 60 mg/kg) can act on peripheral elements of the vestibular maculae whereas diazepam also acts most effectively on central gravity receptor circuits to exert its suppressive effects. The novel pharmacological agent JNJ7777120 (160 mg/kg) acts in the vestibular periphery to enhance macular responses to transient stimuli (VsEPs) while, hypothetically, suppressing macular responses to sustained or slowly changing stimuli.
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13
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A new dual function orodissolvable/dispersible meclizine HCL tablet to challenge patient inconvenience: in vitro evaluation and in vivo assessment in human volunteers. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 11:2209-2223. [PMID: 33443718 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00889-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Meclizine hydrochloride (MCZ), a first-generation antihistamine of the piperazine class, is antiemetic and intended for the management of nausea and vomiting with few adverse effects. The introduction of orodispersible tablet (ODT) would solve the problems encountered in the administration of this drug to pediatric, geriatric, and psychiatric patients. It would be even more advantageous if the MCZ tablet could provoke rapid and prolonged efficacy. Achieving concomitant rapid and prolonged drug therapeutic effects in orodissolvable/dispersible dosage forms would be challenging. In this respect, the authors prepared tablets with coats and cores for immediate and prolonged drug absorption. To achieve this goal, nanoparticles of MCZ from chitosan (CS) and shellac (SH) were prepared by ionic crosslinking and then directly compressed with excipients to form the core in a coated tablet. The immediate release coat with MCZ with the same excipients as in the core was amenable by direct compression. MCZ in the coat dissolved in the presence of a superdisintegrant, leading to rapid absorption from the buccal cavity. Meanwhile, enteric-coated nanoparticles were swallowed and dissolved in the GIT. Intuitively, the absorption process was prolonged. The in vitro release characteristics of all the tablets were studied in comparison with a commercial tablet (CT). Additionally, evaluation of the in vivo pharmacokinetic profile of both the prepared and commercial tablets was performed in humans. The dual function tablet disintegrated in 58 s at pH 5.5. In vivo, noncompartmental pharmacokinetic analysis showed concomitant rapid absorption, possibly from the coat, followed by prolonged absorption from the core. Successfully, these good results confirm that combined rapid and prolonged MCZ therapy with the prepared dual function orodissolvable/dispersible tablet could be a promising oral drug delivery system to enhance convenience for patients. Hopefully, dual function tablets will confer a benefit through the accommodation of more than a single medication in the case of multiple therapies.
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14
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Du F, Li S, Jiang K, Zeng R, Pan X, Lan Y, Chen Y, Wei Y. Iron‐Catalyzed Radical Relay Enabling the Modular Synthesis of Fused Pyridines from Alkyne‐Tethered Oximes and Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Du
- College of Pharmacy Army Medical University Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Shi‐Jun Li
- College of Chemistry and Institute of Green Catalysis Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan 450001 China
| | - Kun Jiang
- College of Pharmacy Army Medical University Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Rong Zeng
- College of Pharmacy Army Medical University Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Xi‐Chun Pan
- College of Pharmacy Army Medical University Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Yu Lan
- College of Chemistry and Institute of Green Catalysis Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan 450001 China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Chongqing University Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Ying‐Chun Chen
- College of Pharmacy Army Medical University Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Ye Wei
- College of Pharmacy Army Medical University Chongqing 400038 China
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15
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Du F, Li S, Jiang K, Zeng R, Pan X, Lan Y, Chen Y, Wei Y. Iron‐Catalyzed Radical Relay Enabling the Modular Synthesis of Fused Pyridines from Alkyne‐Tethered Oximes and Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:23755-23762. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Du
- College of Pharmacy Army Medical University Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Shi‐Jun Li
- College of Chemistry and Institute of Green Catalysis Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan 450001 China
| | - Kun Jiang
- College of Pharmacy Army Medical University Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Rong Zeng
- College of Pharmacy Army Medical University Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Xi‐Chun Pan
- College of Pharmacy Army Medical University Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Yu Lan
- College of Chemistry and Institute of Green Catalysis Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan 450001 China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Chongqing University Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Ying‐Chun Chen
- College of Pharmacy Army Medical University Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Ye Wei
- College of Pharmacy Army Medical University Chongqing 400038 China
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16
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Bui TT, Kim HK. Direct AlCl3-catalyzed transformation of benzyl THP ethers and allyl benzyl ethers. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2020.1829644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tien Tan Bui
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging & Therapeutic Medicine Research Center, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Kwon Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging & Therapeutic Medicine Research Center, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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17
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Qazi F, Shoaib MH, Yousuf RI, Siddiqui F, Nasiri MI, Ahmed K, Muhammad IN, Ahmed FR. QbD based Eudragit coated Meclizine HCl immediate and extended release multiparticulates: formulation, characterization and pharmacokinetic evaluation using HPLC-Fluorescence detection method. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14765. [PMID: 32913337 PMCID: PMC7484796 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71751-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study is based on the QbD development of extended-release (ER) extruded-spheronized pellets of Meclizine HCl and its comparative pharmacokinetic evaluation with immediate-release (IR) pellets. HPLC-fluorescence method was developed and validated for plasma drug analysis. IR drug cores were prepared from lactose, MCC, and PVP using water as granulating fluid. Three-level, three-factor CCRD was applied for modeling and optimization to study the influence of Eudragit (RL100-RS100), TEC, and talc on drug release and sphericity of coated pellets. HPLC-fluorescence method was sensitive with LLOQ 1 ng/ml and linearity between 10 and 200 ng/ml with R2 > 0.999. Pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained by non-compartmental analysis and results were statistically compared using logarithmically transformed data, where p > 0.05 was considered as non-significant with a 90% CI limit of 0.8-1.25. The AUC0-t and AUC0-∞ of ER pellets were not significantly different with geometric mean ratio 1.0096 and 1.0093, respectively. The Cmax of IR pellets (98.051 ng/ml) was higher than the ER pellets (84.052 ng/ml) and the Tmax of ER pellets (5.116 h) was higher than the IR pellets (3.029 h). No significant food effect was observed on key pharmacokinetic parameters of ER pellets. Eudragit RL100 (6%) coated Meclizine HCl pellets have a potential therapeutic effect for an extended time period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faaiza Qazi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Bioavailability and Bioequivalence Research Facility, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Harris Shoaib
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Bioavailability and Bioequivalence Research Facility, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Rabia Ismail Yousuf
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Bioavailability and Bioequivalence Research Facility, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Fahad Siddiqui
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Bioavailability and Bioequivalence Research Facility, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Iqbal Nasiri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Kamran Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Bioavailability and Bioequivalence Research Facility, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Iyad Naeem Muhammad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Farrukh Rafiq Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
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18
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Kitoh H, Matsushita M, Mishima K, Nagata T, Kamiya Y, Ueda K, Kuwatsuka Y, Morikawa H, Nakai Y, Ishiguro N. Pharmacokinetics and safety after once and twice a day doses of meclizine hydrochloride administered to children with achondroplasia. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229639. [PMID: 32282831 PMCID: PMC7153885 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Achondroplasia (ACH) is the most common short-limbed skeletal dysplasia caused by activating mutations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) gene. We identified that meclizine hydrochloride inhibited FGFR3 signaling in various chondrocytic cells and promoted longitudinal bone growth in mouse model of ACH. Meclizine has safely been used for more than 50 years, but it lacks the safety data for repeated administration and pharmacokinetics (PK) when administered to children. We performed a phase Ia study to evaluate the PK and safety of meclizine administered orally to ACH children. Twelve ACH children aged from 5 to younger than 11 years were recruited, and the first 6 subjects received once a day of meclizine in the fasted condition, subsequent 6 subjects received twice a day of meclizine in the fed condition. Meclizine was well tolerated in ACH children with no serious adverse events. The mean Cmax, Tmax, AUC0-24h, t1/2 during 24 hours in the fasted condition were 130 ng/mL, 1.7 hours, 761 ng·h/mL, and 8.5 hours respectively. The simulation of repeated administration of meclizine for 14 days demonstrated that plasma concentration apparently reached steady state around 10 days after the first dose both at once a day and twice a day administration. The AUC0-10h of the fasting and fed condition were 504 ng·h/mL and 813 ng·h/mL, respectively, indicating exposure of meclizine increased with the diet. Although higher drug exposure was confirmed in ACH children compared to adults, a single administration of meclizine seemed to be well tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kitoh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aichi Children’s Health and Medical Center, Obu, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Masaki Matsushita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kenichi Mishima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tadashi Nagata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yasunari Kamiya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kohei Ueda
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yachiyo Kuwatsuka
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | | | - Yasuhiro Nakai
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Naoki Ishiguro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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19
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Guan Y, Chen X, Wu M, Zhu W, Arslan A, Takeda S, Nguyen MH, Majeti R, Thomas D, Zheng M, Peltz G. The phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis pathway provides a new target for cancer chemotherapy. J Hepatol 2020; 72:746-760. [PMID: 31760071 PMCID: PMC7085447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2019.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Since human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) develop into hepatic organoids through stages that resemble human embryonic liver development, they can be used to study developmental processes and disease pathology. Therefore, we examined the early stages of hepatic organoid formation to identify key pathways affecting early liver development. METHODS Single-cell RNA-sequencing and metabolomic analysis was performed on developing organoid cultures at the iPSC, hepatoblast (day 9) and mature organoid stage. The importance of the phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis pathway to early liver development was examined in developing organoid cultures using iPSC with a CRISPR-mediated gene knockout and an over the counter medication (meclizine) that inhibits the rate-limiting enzyme in this pathway. Meclizine's effect on the growth of a human hepatocarcinoma cell line in a xenotransplantation model and on the growth of acute myeloid leukemia cells in vitro was also examined. RESULTS Transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis of organoid development indicated that the phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis pathway is essential for early liver development. Unexpectedly, early hepatoblasts were selectively sensitive to the cytotoxic effect of meclizine. We demonstrate that meclizine could be repurposed for use in a new synergistic combination therapy for primary liver cancer: a glycolysis inhibitor reprograms cancer cell metabolism to make it susceptible to the cytotoxic effect of meclizine. This combination inhibited the growth of a human liver carcinoma cell line in vitro and in a xenotransplantation model, without causing significant side effects. This drug combination was also highly active against acute myeloid leukemia cells. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis is a targetable pathway for cancer; meclizine may have clinical efficacy as a repurposed anti-cancer drug when used as part of a new combination therapy. LAY SUMMARY The early stages of human liver development were modeled using human hepatic organoids. We identified a pathway that was essential for early liver development. Based upon this finding, a novel combination drug therapy was identified that could be used to treat primary liver cancer and possibly other types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Guan
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of
Medicine, Stanford CA 94305
| | - Xinyu Chen
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of
Medicine, Stanford CA 94305
| | - Manhong Wu
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of
Medicine, Stanford CA 94305
| | - Wan Zhu
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of
Medicine, Stanford CA 94305
| | - Ahmed Arslan
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of
Medicine, Stanford CA 94305
| | - Saori Takeda
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of
Medicine, Stanford CA 94305
| | - Mindie H. Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and
Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford CA 94305
| | - Ravindra Majeti
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Cancer
Institute, and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford
University School of Medicine
| | - Dan Thomas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Cancer
Institute, and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford
University School of Medicine
| | - Ming Zheng
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of
Medicine, Stanford CA 94305
| | - Gary Peltz
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305.
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The effect of anti-emetic drugs on rat embryonic heart activity. Reprod Toxicol 2019; 87:140-145. [PMID: 31199962 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) is the most common medical complaint during pregnancy affecting up to 70% of pregnant women worldwide. Some antiemetic medications (AEM) (droperidol, domperidone, granisetron, metoclopramide and trifluoperazine) used to treat NVP have the unwanted side effect of hERG blockade. The hERG potassium channel is essential for normal heart rhythm in both the adult human and the human and rat embryo. Animal studies show hERG blockade in the embryo causes bradycardia and arrhythmia leading to cardiovascular malformations and other birth defects. Whole rat embryo in vitro culture was used to determine the effect of the above listed AEM and meclizine on the heart rate of Gestational day 13 rat embryos. These embryos are similar in size and heart development to 5-6-week human embryo. The results showed that all of the AEMs caused a concentration-dependent bradycardia. Droperidol had the lowest margin of safety.
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Guo J, Li W, Wu Y, Jing X, Huang J, Zhang J, Xiang W, Ren R, Lv Z, Xiao J, Guo F. Meclizine Prevents Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Loss and Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis Partially by Upregulating PXR. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:693. [PMID: 29046637 PMCID: PMC5632684 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnane X receptor (PXR) which belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily plays vital roles in several biological functions, especially in the inflammatory procedure. Besides that, PXR is revealed by recent studies to have essential effects on bone tissue. As an agonist of PXR, meclizine is a piperazine-derived histamine H1 antagonist, and has been frequently used for prevention and treatment of vomiting and nausea. Because osteoclastogenesis is characterized by the activation of inflammation-related signaling pathways, we speculated that meclizine may affect formation and function of osteoclast. In the present study, we explored the effect of meclizine on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis both in vivo and in vitro. In primary bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs), meclizine reduced osteoclast formation and bone resorption in a dose-dependent manner, while knockdown of PXR with siRNA partially abrogated the osteoclastogenesis inhibition of meclizine. On the one hand, at the molecular level, meclizine attenuated RANKL-induced activation of c-Fos, NFATc1, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs), including ERK and p38, but not JNK. Meanwhile, meclizine reduced the expression of osteoclast-specific genes, including TRAP, MMP9, Cathepsin K and NFATc1. On the other hand, meclizine decreased OVX-induced bone loss by repressing osteoclast activity. In conclusion, our results indicated that meclizine inhibits osteoclastogenesis via regulation of several RANKL signaling pathways and PXR was involved in the processes. Therefore, meclizine may be considered as a novel therapeutic candidate for osteoclast-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachao Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weijin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingxing Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingzhi Jing
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junming Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaming Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ranyue Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengtao Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fengjing Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Clinical dosage of meclozine promotes longitudinal bone growth, bone volume, and trabecular bone quality in transgenic mice with achondroplasia. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7371. [PMID: 28785080 PMCID: PMC5547068 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07044-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Achondroplasia (ACH) is the most common short-limbed skeletal dysplasia caused by gain-of-function mutations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3). No effective FGFR3-targeted therapies for ACH are currently available. By drug repositioning strategies, we identified that meclozine, which has been used as an anti-motion-sickness, suppressed FGFR3 signaling in chondrocytes and rescued short-limbed phenotype in ACH mouse model. Here, we conducted various pharmacological tests for future clinical application in ACH. Pharmacokinetic analyses demonstrated that peak drug concentration (Cmax) and area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of 2 mg/kg of meclozine to mice was lower than that of 25 mg/body to human, which is a clinical usage for anti-motion-sickness. Pharmacokinetic simulation studies showed that repeated dose of 2 mg/kg of meclozine showed no accumulation effects. Short stature phenotype in the transgenic mice was significantly rescued by twice-daily oral administration of 2 mg/kg/day of meclozine. In addition to stimulation of longitudinal bone growth, bone volume and metaphyseal trabecular bone quality were improved by meclozine treatment. We confirmed a preclinical proof of concept for applying meclozine for the treatment of short stature in ACH, although toxicity and adverse events associated with long-term administration of this drug should be examined.
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Lipids bearing extruded-spheronized pellets for extended release of poorly soluble antiemetic agent-Meclizine HCl. Lipids Health Dis 2017; 16:75. [PMID: 28403892 PMCID: PMC5389104 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-017-0466-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antiemetic agent Meclizine HCl, widely prescribed in vertigo, is available only in immediate release dosage forms. The approved therapeutic dose and shorter elimination half-life make Meclizine HCl a potential candidate to be formulated in extended release dosage form. This study was aimed to develop extended release Meclizine HCl pellets by extrusion spheronization using natural and synthetic lipids. Influence of lipid type, drug/lipid ratio and combinations of different lipids on drug release and sphericity of pellets were evaluated. METHODS Thirty two formulations were prepared with four different lipids, Glyceryl monostearate (Geleol®), Glyceryl palmitostearate (Precirol®), Glyceryl behenate (Compritol®) and Carnauba wax, utilized either alone or in combinations of drug/lipid ratio of 1:0.5-1:3. Dissolution studies were performed at variable pH and release kinetics were analyzed. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was conducted and no drug lipid interaction was found. RESULTS Sphericity indicated by shape factor (eR) varied with type and concentration of lipids: Geleol® (eR = 0.891-0.997), Precirol® (eR = 0.611-0.743), Compritol® (eR = 0.665-0.729) and Carnauba wax (eR = 0.499-0.551). Highly spherical pellets were obtained with Geleol® (Aspect ratio = 1.005-1.052) whereas irregularly shaped pellets were formed using Carnauba wax (Aspect ratio = 1.153-1.309). Drug release was effectively controlled by three different combinations of lipids: (i) Geleol® and Compritol®, (ii) Geleol® and Carnauba wax and (iii) Geleol®, Compritol® and Carnauba wax. Scanning electron microscopy of Compritol® pellets showed smooth surface with pores, whereas, irregular rough surface with hollow depressions was observed in Carnauba wax pellets. Energy dispersive spectroscopy indicated elemental composition of lipid matrix pellets. Kinetics of (i) Geleol® and Compritol® pellets, explained by Korsmeyer-Peppas (R2 = 0.978-0.993) indicated non-Fickian diffusion (n = 0.519-0.597). Combinations of (ii) Geleol® and Carnauba wax and (iii) Geleol®, Compritol® and Carnauba wax pellets followed Zero-order (R2 = 0.991-0.995). Similarity test was performed using combination of Geleol® and Compritol® (i) as a reference. CONCLUSIONS Matrices for the extended release of Meclizine HCl from extruded-spheronized pellets were successfully formed by using three lipids (Geleol®, Compritol® and Carnauba wax) in different combinations. The encapsulated pellets of Meclizine HCl can be effectively used for treatment of motion sickness, nausea and vertigo for extended period of time.
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Matsushita M, Mishima K, Esaki R, Ishiguro N, Ohno K, Kitoh H. Maternal administration of meclozine for the treatment of foramen magnum stenosis in transgenic mice with achondroplasia. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2017; 19:91-95. [PMID: 27767902 DOI: 10.3171/2016.7.peds16199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Achondroplasia (ACH) is the most common short-limbed skeletal dysplasia caused by gain-of-function mutations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) gene. Foramen magnum stenosis (FMS) is one of the serious neurological complications in ACH. Through comprehensive drug screening, the authors identified that meclozine, an over-the-counter drug for motion sickness, inhibited activation of FGFR3 signaling. Oral administration of meclozine to the growing ACH mice promoted longitudinal bone growth, but it did not prevent FMS. In the current study, the authors evaluated the effects of maternal administration of meclozine on FMS in ACH mice. METHODS The area of the foramen magnum was measured in 17-day-old Fgfr3ach mice and wild-type mice using micro-CT scanning. Meclozine was administered to the pregnant mice carrying Fgfr3ach offspring from embryonic Day (ED) 14.5 to postnatal Day (PD) 4.5. Spheno-occipital and anterior intraoccipital synchondroses were histologically examined, and the bony bridges were scored on PD 4.5. In wild-type mice, tissue concentrations of meclozine in ED 17.5 fetuses and PD 6.5 pups were investigated. RESULTS The area of the foramen magnum was significantly smaller in 17-day-old Fgfr3ach mice than in wild-type mice (p < 0.005). There were no bony bridges in the spheno-occipital and anterior intraoccipital synchondroses in wild-type mice, while some of the synchondroses prematurely closed in untreated Fgfr3ach mice at PD 4.5. The average bony bridge score in the cranial base was 7.053 ± 1.393 in untreated Fgfr3ach mice and 6.125 ± 2.029 in meclozine-treated Fgfr3ach mice. The scores were not statistically significant between mice with and those without meclozine treatment (p = 0.12). The average tissue concentration of meclozine was significantly higher (508.88 ± 205.16 ng/g) in PD 6.5 mice than in ED 17.5 mice (56.91 ± 20.05 ng/g) (p < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Maternal administration of meclozine postponed premature closure of synchondroses in some Fgfr3ach mice, but the effect on preventing bony bridge formation was not significant, probably due to low placental transmission of the drug. Meclozine is likely to exhibit a marginal effect on premature closure of synchondroses at the cranial base in ACH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Matsushita
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, and.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kenichi Mishima
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, and.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ryusaku Esaki
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, and.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naoki Ishiguro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kinji Ohno
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, and
| | - Hiroshi Kitoh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Stingl JC, Welker S, Hartmann G, Damann V, Gerzer R. Where Failure Is Not an Option -Personalized Medicine in Astronauts. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140764. [PMID: 26489089 PMCID: PMC4619198 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug safety and efficacy are highly variable among patients. Most patients will experience the desired drug effect, but some may suffer from adverse drug reactions or gain no benefit. Pharmacogenetic testing serves as a pre-treatment diagnostic option in situations where failure or adverse events should be avoided at all costs. One such situation is human space flight. On the international space station (ISS), a list of drugs is available to cover typical emergency settings, as well as the long-term treatment of common conditions for the use in self-medicating common ailments developing over a definite period. Here, we scrutinized the list of the 78 drugs permanently available at the ISS (year 2014) to determine the extent to which their metabolism may be affected by genetic polymorphisms, potentially requiring genotype-specific dosing or choice of an alternative drug. The purpose of this analysis was to estimate the potential benefit of pharmacogenetic diagnostics in astronauts to prevent therapy failure or side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia C. Stingl
- Research Division, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices, Bonn, Germany
- Centre for Translational Medicine, University Bonn Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Susanne Welker
- Research Division, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute for clinical chemistry and clinical pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Volker Damann
- Space Medicine Office, European Space Agency, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ruppert Gerzer
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center, Cologne, Germany
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26
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Zhang LL, Wang JQ, Qi RR, Pan LL, Li M, Cai YL. Motion Sickness: Current Knowledge and Recent Advance. CNS Neurosci Ther 2015; 22:15-24. [PMID: 26452639 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Motion sickness (MS) is a common physiological response to real or virtual motion. Numerous studies have investigated the neurobiological mechanism and the control measures of MS. This review summarizes the current knowledge about pathogenesis and pathophysiology, prediction, evaluation, and countermeasures of MS. The sensory conflict hypothesis is the most widely accepted theory for MS. Both the hippocampus and vestibular cortex might play a role in forming internal model. The pathophysiology focuses on the visceral afference, thermoregulation and MS-related neuroendocrine. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in some genes and epigenetic modulation might contribute to MS susceptibility and habituation. Questionnaires, heart rate variability (HRV) and electrogastrogram (EGG) are useful for diagnosing and evaluating MS. We also list MS medications to guide clinical practice. Repeated real motion exposure and combined visual-vestibular interaction training accelerate the progress of habituation. Behavioral and dietary countermeasures, as well as physiotherapy, are also effective in alleviating MS symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Qin Wang
- Department of Nautical Injury Prevention, Faculty of Navy Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui-Rui Qi
- Department of Nautical Injury Prevention, Faculty of Navy Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei-Lei Pan
- Department of Nautical Injury Prevention, Faculty of Navy Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Nautical Injury Prevention, Faculty of Navy Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Ling Cai
- Department of Nautical Injury Prevention, Faculty of Navy Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Foo WYB, Tay HY, Chan ECY, Lau AJ. Meclizine, a pregnane X receptor agonist, is a direct inhibitor and mechanism-based inactivator of human cytochrome P450 3A. Biochem Pharmacol 2015; 97:320-30. [PMID: 26239802 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Meclizine is an agonist of human pregnane X receptor (PXR). It increases CYP3A4 mRNA expression, but decreases CYP3A-catalyzed testosterone 6β-hydroxylation in primary cultures of human hepatocytes, as assessed at 24h after the last dose of meclizine. Therefore, the hypothesis to be tested is that meclizine inactivates human CYP3A enzymes. Our findings indicated that meclizine directly inhibited testosterone 6β-hydroxylation catalyzed by human liver microsomes, recombinant CYP3A4, and recombinant CYP3A5. The inhibition of human liver microsomal testosterone 6β-hydroxylation by meclizine occurred by a mixed mode and with an apparent Ki of 31±6μM. Preincubation of meclizine with human liver microsomes and NADPH resulted in a time- and concentration-dependent decrease in testosterone 6β-hydroxylation. The extent of inactivation required the presence of NADPH, was unaffected by nucleophilic trapping agents or reactive oxygen species scavengers, attenuated by a CYP3A substrate, and not reversed by dialysis. Meclizine selectively inactivated CYP3A4, but not CYP3A5. In contrast to meclizine, which has a di-substituted piperazine ring, norchlorcyclizine, which is a N-debenzylated meclizine metabolite with a mono-substituted piperazine ring, did not inactivate but directly inhibited hepatic microsomal CYP3A activity. In conclusion, meclizine inhibited human CYP3A enzymes by both direct inhibition and mechanism-based inactivation. In contrast, norchlorcyclizine is a direct inhibitor but not a mechanism-based inactivator. Furthermore, a PXR agonist may also be an inhibitor of a PXR-regulated enzyme, thereby giving rise to opposing effects on the functional activity of the enzyme and indicating the importance of measuring the catalytic activity of nuclear receptor-regulated enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winnie Yin Bing Foo
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Hwee Ying Tay
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Eric Chun Yong Chan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Aik Jiang Lau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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Matsushita M, Hasegawa S, Kitoh H, Mori K, Ohkawara B, Yasoda A, Masuda A, Ishiguro N, Ohno K. Meclozine promotes longitudinal skeletal growth in transgenic mice with achondroplasia carrying a gain-of-function mutation in the FGFR3 gene. Endocrinology 2015; 156:548-54. [PMID: 25456072 DOI: 10.1210/en.2014-1914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Achondroplasia (ACH) is one of the most common skeletal dysplasias causing short stature owing to a gain-of-function mutation in the FGFR3 gene, which encodes the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3. We found that meclozine, an over-the-counter drug for motion sickness, inhibited elevated FGFR3 signaling in chondrocytic cells. To examine the feasibility of meclozine administration in clinical settings, we investigated the effects of meclozine on ACH model mice carrying the heterozygous Fgfr3(ach) transgene. We quantified the effect of meclozine in bone explant cultures employing limb rudiments isolated from developing embryonic tibiae from Fgfr3(ach) mice. We found that meclozine significantly increased the full-length and cartilaginous primordia of embryonic tibiae isolated from Fgfr3(ach) mice. We next analyzed the skeletal phenotypes of growing Fgfr3(ach) mice and wild-type mice with or without meclozine treatment. In Fgfr3(ach) mice, meclozine significantly increased the body length after 2 weeks of administration. At skeletal maturity, the bone lengths including the cranium, radius, ulna, femur, tibia, and vertebrae were significantly longer in meclozine-treated Fgfr3(ach) mice than in untreated Fgfr3(ach) mice. Interestingly, meclozine also increased bone growth in wild-type mice. The plasma concentration of meclozine during treatment was within the range that has been used in clinical settings for motion sickness. Increased longitudinal bone growth in Fgfr3(ach) mice by oral administration of meclozine in a growth period suggests potential clinical feasibility of meclozine for the improvement of short stature in ACH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Matsushita
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer (M.M., S.H., B.O., A.M., K.O.), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (M.M., H.K., N.I.), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; Department of Media Science (K.M.), Graduate School of Information Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; and Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (A.Y.), Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Gohil VM, Zhu L, Baker CD, Cracan V, Yaseen A, Jain M, Clish CB, Brookes PS, Bakovic M, Mootha VK. Meclizine inhibits mitochondrial respiration through direct targeting of cytosolic phosphoethanolamine metabolism. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:35387-95. [PMID: 24142790 PMCID: PMC3853286 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.489237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently identified meclizine, an over-the-counter drug, as an inhibitor of mitochondrial respiration. Curiously, meclizine blunted respiration in intact cells but not in isolated mitochondria, suggesting an unorthodox mechanism. Using a metabolic profiling approach, we now show that treatment with meclizine leads to a sharp elevation of cellular phosphoethanolamine, an intermediate in the ethanolamine branch of the Kennedy pathway of phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis. Metabolic labeling and in vitro enzyme assays confirmed direct inhibition of the cytosolic enzyme CTP:phosphoethanolamine cytidylyltransferase (PCYT2). Inhibition of PCYT2 by meclizine led to rapid accumulation of its substrate, phosphoethanolamine, which is itself an inhibitor of mitochondrial respiration. Our work identifies the first pharmacologic inhibitor of the Kennedy pathway, demonstrates that its biosynthetic intermediate is an endogenous inhibitor of respiration, and provides key mechanistic insights that may facilitate repurposing meclizine for disorders of energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal M Gohil
- From the Departments of Molecular Biology and Medicine, Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
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