1
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Rösing S, Ullrich F, Meisterfeld S, Schmidt F, Mlitzko L, Croon M, Nattrass RG, Eberl N, Mahlberg J, Schlee M, Wieland A, Simon P, Hilbig D, Reuner U, Rapp A, Bremser J, Mirtschink P, Drukewitz S, Zillinger T, Beissert S, Paeschke K, Hartmann G, Trifunovic A, Bartok E, Günther C. Chronic endoplasmic reticulum stress in myotonic dystrophy type 2 promotes autoimmunity via mitochondrial DNA release. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1534. [PMID: 38378748 PMCID: PMC10879130 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45535-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 2 (DM2) is a tetranucleotide CCTG repeat expansion disease associated with an increased prevalence of autoimmunity. Here, we identified an elevated type I interferon (IFN) signature in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and primary fibroblasts of DM2 patients as a trigger of chronic immune stimulation. Although RNA-repeat accumulation was prevalent in the cytosol of DM2-patient fibroblasts, type-I IFN release did not depend on innate RNA immune sensors but rather the DNA sensor cGAS and the prevalence of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the cytoplasm. Sublethal mtDNA release was promoted by a chronic activation of the ATF6 branch of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in reaction to RNA-repeat accumulation and non-AUG translated tetrapeptide expansion proteins. ATF6-dependent mtDNA release and resulting cGAS/STING activation could also be recapitulated in human THP-1 monocytes exposed to chronic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Altogether, our study demonstrates a novel mechanism by which large repeat expansions cause chronic endoplasmic reticulum stress and associated mtDNA leakage. This mtDNA is, in turn, sensed by the cGAS/STING pathway and induces a type-I IFN response predisposing to autoimmunity. Elucidating this pathway reveals new potential therapeutic targets for autoimmune disorders associated with repeat expansion diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Rösing
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Fabian Ullrich
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Susann Meisterfeld
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Franziska Schmidt
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Laura Mlitzko
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marijana Croon
- Institute for Mitochondrial Diseases and Aging, Faculty of Medicine, CECAD Research Center, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ryan G Nattrass
- Institute of Experimental Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nadia Eberl
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Julia Mahlberg
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin Schlee
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anja Wieland
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Philipp Simon
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Rheumatology and Immune-Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel Hilbig
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Rheumatology and Immune-Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ulrike Reuner
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander Rapp
- Department of Biology, Cell biology and Epigenetic, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Julia Bremser
- Institute of Experimental Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter Mirtschink
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stephan Drukewitz
- Core Unit for Molecular Tumor Diagnostics (CMTD), National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Zillinger
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Beissert
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katrin Paeschke
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Rheumatology and Immune-Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Trifunovic
- Institute for Mitochondrial Diseases and Aging, Faculty of Medicine, CECAD Research Center, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eva Bartok
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Unit of Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Claudia Günther
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
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2
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Hartmann G. Cooperative activation of human TLR9 and consequences for the clinical development of antisense and CpG oligodeoxynucleotides. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2023; 34:102078. [PMID: 38111914 PMCID: PMC10726420 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.102078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Campus Venusberg, Bonn, Germany
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3
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de Regt AK, Anand K, Ciupka K, Bender F, Gatterdam K, Putschli B, Fusshöller D, Hilbig D, Kirchhoff A, Hunkler C, Wolter S, Grünewald A, Wallerath C, Schuberth-Wagner C, Ludwig J, Paeschke K, Bartok E, Hagelueken G, Hartmann G, Zillinger T, Geyer M, Schlee M. A conserved isoleucine in the binding pocket of RIG-I controls immune tolerance to mitochondrial RNA. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:11893-11910. [PMID: 37831086 PMCID: PMC10681732 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
RIG-I is a cytosolic receptor of viral RNA essential for the immune response to numerous RNA viruses. Accordingly, RIG-I must sensitively detect viral RNA yet tolerate abundant self-RNA species. The basic binding cleft and an aromatic amino acid of the RIG-I C-terminal domain(CTD) mediate high-affinity recognition of 5'triphosphorylated and 5'base-paired RNA(dsRNA). Here, we found that, while 5'unmodified hydroxyl(OH)-dsRNA demonstrated residual activation potential, 5'-monophosphate(5'p)-termini, present on most cellular RNAs, prevented RIG-I activation. Determination of CTD/dsRNA co-crystal structures and mutant activation studies revealed that the evolutionarily conserved I875 within the CTD sterically inhibits 5'p-dsRNA binding. RIG-I(I875A) was activated by both synthetic 5'p-dsRNA and endogenous long dsRNA within the polyA-rich fraction of total cellular RNA. RIG-I(I875A) specifically interacted with long, polyA-bearing, mitochondrial(mt) RNA, and depletion of mtRNA from total RNA abolished its activation. Altogether, our study demonstrates that avoidance of 5'p-RNA recognition is crucial to prevent mtRNA-triggered RIG-I-mediated autoinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Kristin de Regt
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kanchan Anand
- Institute of Structural Biology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Katrin Ciupka
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Felix Bender
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Karl Gatterdam
- Institute of Structural Biology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bastian Putschli
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - David Fusshöller
- Institute of Structural Biology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel Hilbig
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander Kirchhoff
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Charlotte Hunkler
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Steven Wolter
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Agathe Grünewald
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christina Wallerath
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Janos Ludwig
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Katrin Paeschke
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eva Bartok
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Unit of Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Gregor Hagelueken
- Institute of Structural Biology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Zillinger
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Matthias Geyer
- Institute of Structural Biology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin Schlee
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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4
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Brahmer A, Geiß C, Lygeraki A, Neuberger E, Tzaridis T, Nguyen TT, Luessi F, Régnier-Vigouroux A, Hartmann G, Simon P, Endres K, Bittner S, Reiners KS, Krämer-Albers EM. Assessment of technical and clinical utility of a bead-based flow cytometry platform for multiparametric phenotyping of CNS-derived extracellular vesicles. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:276. [PMID: 37803478 PMCID: PMC10559539 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01308-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles (EVs) originating from the central nervous system (CNS) can enter the blood stream and carry molecules characteristic of disease states. Therefore, circulating CNS-derived EVs have the potential to serve as liquid-biopsy markers for early diagnosis and follow-up of neurodegenerative diseases and brain tumors. Monitoring and profiling of CNS-derived EVs using multiparametric analysis would be a major advance for biomarker as well as basic research. Here, we explored the performance of a multiplex bead-based flow-cytometry assay (EV Neuro) for semi-quantitative detection of CNS-derived EVs in body fluids. METHODS EVs were separated from culture of glioblastoma cell lines (LN18, LN229, NCH82) and primary human astrocytes and measured at different input amounts in the MACSPlex EV Kit Neuro, human. In addition, EVs were separated from blood samples of small cohorts of glioblastoma (GB), multiple sclerosis (MS) and Alzheimer's disease patients as well as healthy controls (HC) and subjected to the EV Neuro assay. To determine statistically significant differences between relative marker signal intensities, an unpaired samples t-test or Wilcoxon rank sum test were computed. Data were subjected to tSNE, heatmap clustering, and correlation analysis to further explore the relationships between disease state and EV Neuro data. RESULTS Glioblastoma cell lines and primary human astrocytes showed distinct EV profiles. Signal intensities were increasing with higher EV input. Data normalization improved identification of markers that deviate from a common profile. Overall, patient blood-derived EV marker profiles were constant, but individual EV populations were significantly increased in disease compared to healthy controls, e.g. CD36+EVs in glioblastoma and GALC+EVs in multiple sclerosis. tSNE and heatmap clustering analysis separated GB patients from HC, but not MS patients from HC. Correlation analysis revealed a potential association of CD107a+EVs with neurofilament levels in blood of MS patients and HC. CONCLUSIONS The semi-quantitative EV Neuro assay demonstrated its utility for EV profiling in complex samples. However, reliable statistical results in biomarker studies require large sample cohorts and high effect sizes. Nonetheless, this exploratory trial confirmed the feasibility of discovering EV-associated biomarkers and monitoring circulating EV profiles in CNS diseases using the EV Neuro assay. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Brahmer
- Cellular Neurobiology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
- Department of Sports Medicine, Rehabilitation and Disease Prevention, Institute of Sports Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Carsten Geiß
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andriani Lygeraki
- Cellular Neurobiology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Elmo Neuberger
- Department of Sports Medicine, Rehabilitation and Disease Prevention, Institute of Sports Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Theophilos Tzaridis
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology, Center of Integrated Oncology Aachen- Bonn-Cologne-Düsseldorf, Partner Site Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tinh Thi Nguyen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Felix Luessi
- Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anne Régnier-Vigouroux
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Perikles Simon
- Department of Sports Medicine, Rehabilitation and Disease Prevention, Institute of Sports Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kristina Endres
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Bittner
- Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katrin S Reiners
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Krämer-Albers
- Cellular Neurobiology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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5
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Heidegger S, Stritzke F, Dahl S, Daßler-Plenker J, Joachim L, Buschmann D, Fan K, Sauer CM, Ludwig N, Winter C, Enssle S, Li S, Perl M, Görgens A, Haas T, Orberg ET, Göttert S, Wölfel C, Engleitner T, Cortés-Ciriano I, Rad R, Herr W, Giebel B, Ruland J, Bassermann F, Coch C, Hartmann G, Poeck H. Targeting nucleic acid sensors in tumor cells to reprogram biogenesis and RNA cargo of extracellular vesicles for T cell-mediated cancer immunotherapy. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101171. [PMID: 37657445 PMCID: PMC10518594 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been associated with immune evasion and tumor progression. We show that the RNA-sensing receptor RIG-I within tumor cells governs biogenesis and immunomodulatory function of EVs. Cancer-intrinsic RIG-I activation releases EVs, which mediate dendritic cell maturation and T cell antitumor immunity, synergizing with immune checkpoint blockade. Intact RIG-I, autocrine interferon signaling, and the GTPase Rab27a in tumor cells are required for biogenesis of immunostimulatory EVs. Active intrinsic RIG-I signaling governs composition of the tumor EV RNA cargo including small non-coding stimulatory RNAs. High transcriptional activity of EV pathway genes and RIG-I in melanoma samples associate with prolonged patient survival and beneficial response to immunotherapy. EVs generated from human melanoma after RIG-I stimulation induce potent antigen-specific T cell responses. We thus define a molecular pathway that can be targeted in tumors to favorably alter EV immunomodulatory function. We propose "reprogramming" of tumor EVs as a personalized strategy for T cell-mediated cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Heidegger
- Department of Medicine III, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Florian Stritzke
- Department of Medicine III, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sarah Dahl
- Department of Medicine III, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Juliane Daßler-Plenker
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Laura Joachim
- Department of Medicine III, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Buschmann
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Kaiji Fan
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Carolin M Sauer
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nils Ludwig
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christof Winter
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Enssle
- Department of Medicine III, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Suqi Li
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Markus Perl
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - André Görgens
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tobias Haas
- Department of Medicine III, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Erik Thiele Orberg
- Department of Medicine III, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sascha Göttert
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Catherine Wölfel
- Internal Medicine III, University Cancer Center and Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center Johannes Gutenberg University and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Engleitner
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Isidro Cortés-Ciriano
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Roland Rad
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine II, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Herr
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Ruland
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Bassermann
- Department of Medicine III, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Coch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hendrik Poeck
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy (LIT), Regensburg, Germany; Center for Immunomedicine in Transplantation and Oncology (CITO), Regensburg, Germany.
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6
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Karsten Dafonte K, Weber L, Chmielewski F, Böhmer AM, Lutz P, Hartmann G, Jaehde U, Coenen M. Dose Recommendations for Common Drugs in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: A Systematic Literature Review. Clin Drug Investig 2023; 43:475-502. [PMID: 37460783 PMCID: PMC10374753 DOI: 10.1007/s40261-023-01289-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The presence of liver cirrhosis affects the selection and dosing of drugs metabolised by the liver as doses have to be adjusted to the remaining liver function. This is a major challenge in clinical practice as specific guidelines are lacking. The aim of this study was to identify drugs for which recommendations on selection and dose adjustments for patients with cirrhosis exist by assessing the literature according to certain quality standards, paying particular attention to the suitability of these recommendations for clinical practice. METHODS A systematic literature review included peer-reviewed publications that were published by October 2020 in PubMed in the English language and aimed to generate recommendations on dose adjustment in patients with liver cirrhosis. Subsequently, the identified publications were checked for reporting quality against the relevant reporting guidelines and the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Levels of Evidence. Finally, all specific dose recommendations were extracted, compared with the specifications of the Summaries of Product Characteristics and mapped according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical/Defined Daily Dose Index. RESULTS Eighteen publications covering a total of 1145 dose recommendations for 481 active substances were identified. There were 706 recommendations for 316 substances sufficiently specific for application in clinical practice. For 22 active substances, the specific recommendations were consistent across multiple publications, of which only six were also consistent with the respective Summaries of Product Characteristics. CONCLUSIONS As the majority of dose recommendations were not sufficiently specific or even contradictory, there is an urgent need for the definition of standard parameters for a uniform assessment of drugs in liver cirrhosis. In addition, dose recommendations should be aligned by suitable methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Karsten Dafonte
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Lisa Weber
- Pharmacy of the University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Anna Maria Böhmer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, Bonn, 53121, Germany
| | - Philipp Lutz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, 53127, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ulrich Jaehde
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, Bonn, 53121, Germany
| | - Martin Coenen
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
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7
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Lambing S, Tan YP, Vasileiadou P, Holdenrieder S, Müller P, Hagen C, Garbe S, Behrendt R, Schlee M, van den Boorn JG, Bartok E, Renn M, Hartmann G. RIG-I immunotherapy overcomes radioresistance in p53-positive malignant melanoma. J Mol Cell Biol 2023; 15:mjad001. [PMID: 36626927 PMCID: PMC10394996 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjad001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy induces DNA damage, resulting in cell-cycle arrest and activation of cell-intrinsic death pathways. However, the radioresistance of some tumour entities such as malignant melanoma limits its clinical application. The innate immune sensing receptor retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) is ubiquitously expressed and upon activation triggers an immunogenic form of cell death in a variety of tumour cell types including melanoma. To date, the potential of RIG-I ligands to overcome radioresistance of tumour cells has not been investigated. Here, we demonstrate that RIG-I activation enhanced the extent and immunogenicity of irradiation-induced tumour cell death in human and murine melanoma cells in vitro and improved survival in the murine B16 melanoma model in vivo. Transcriptome analysis pointed to a central role for p53, which was confirmed using p53-/- B16 cells. In vivo, the additional effect of RIG-I in combination with irradiation on tumour growth was absent in mice carrying p53-/- B16 tumours, while the antitumoural response to RIG-I stimulation alone was maintained. Our results identify p53 as a pivotal checkpoint that is triggered by RIG-I resulting in enhanced irradiation-induced tumour cell death. Thus, the combined administration of RIG-I ligands and radiotherapy is a promising approach to treating radioresistant tumours with a functional p53 pathway, such as melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Lambing
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Yu Pan Tan
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Paraskevi Vasileiadou
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Stefan Holdenrieder
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, German Heart Centre, Munich 80636, Germany
| | - Patrick Müller
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Christian Hagen
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Stephan Garbe
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Rayk Behrendt
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Martin Schlee
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Jasper G van den Boorn
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Eva Bartok
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
- Unit of Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp 2000, Belgium
- Institute of Experimental Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Marcel Renn
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology, Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
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8
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Scheunemann JF, Risch F, Reichwald JJ, Lenz B, Neumann AL, Garbe S, Frohberger SJ, Koschel M, Ajendra J, Rothe M, Latz E, Coch C, Hartmann G, Schumak B, Hoerauf A, Hübner MP. Potential of Nucleic Acid Receptor Ligands to Improve Vaccination Efficacy against the Filarial Nematode Litomosoides sigmodontis. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11050966. [PMID: 37243070 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11050966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
More than two-hundred-million people are infected with filariae worldwide. However, there is no vaccine available that confers long-lasting protection against filarial infections. Previous studies indicated that vaccination with irradiated infective L3 larvae reduces the worm load. This present study investigated whether the additional activation of cytosolic nucleic acid receptors as an adjuvant improves the efficacy of vaccination with irradiated L3 larvae of the rodent filaria Litomosoides sigmodontis with the aim of identifying novel vaccination strategies for filarial infections. Subcutaneous injection of irradiated L3 larvae in combination with poly(I:C) or 3pRNA resulted in neutrophil recruitment to the skin, accompanied by higher IP-10/CXCL10 and IFN-β RNA levels. To investigate the impact on parasite clearance, BALB/c mice received three subcutaneous injections in 2-week intervals with irradiated L3 larvae in combination with poly(I:C) or 3pRNA prior to the challenge infection. Vaccination with irradiated L3 larvae in combination with poly(I:C) or 3pRNA led to a markedly greater reduction in adult-worm counts by 73% and 57%, respectively, compared to the immunization with irradiated L3 larvae alone (45%). In conclusion, activation of nucleic acid-sensing immune receptors boosts the protective immune response against L. sigmodontis and nucleic acid-receptor agonists as vaccine adjuvants represent a promising novel strategy to improve the efficacy of vaccines against filariae and potentially other helminths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna F Scheunemann
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Frederic Risch
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Julia J Reichwald
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Benjamin Lenz
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Neumann
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stephan Garbe
- Clinic for Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan J Frohberger
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Marianne Koschel
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jesuthas Ajendra
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Maximilian Rothe
- Institute for Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Eicke Latz
- Institute for Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Coch
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Nextevidence GmbH, 81541 Munich, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Beatrix Schumak
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Achim Hoerauf
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Marc P Hübner
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 53127 Bonn, Germany
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9
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Hartl J, Kurth F, Kappert K, Horst D, Mülleder M, Hartmann G, Ralser M. Quantitative protein biomarker panels: a path to improved clinical practice through proteomics. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e16061. [PMID: 36939029 PMCID: PMC10086577 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202216061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The utilisation of protein biomarker panels, rather than individual protein biomarkers, offers a more comprehensive representation of human physiology. It thus has the potential to improve diagnosis, prognosis and the differentiation of responders from nonresponders in the context of precision medicine. Although several proteomic techniques exist for measuring biomarker panels, the integration of proteomics into clinical practice has been limited. In this Commentary, we highlight the significance of quantitative protein biomarker panels in clinical medicine and outline the challenges that must be addressed in order to identify the most promising panels and implement them in clinical routines to realise their medical potential. Furthermore, we argue that the absolute quantification of protein panels through targeted mass spectrometric assays remains the most promising technology for translating proteomics into routine clinical applications due to its high flexibility, low sample costs, independence from affinity reagents and low entry barriers for its integration into existing laboratory workflows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Hartl
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Kurth
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kai Kappert
- Institute of Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - David Horst
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Mülleder
- Core Facility-High Throughput Mass Spectrometry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus Ralser
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK.,Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
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10
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Wegner J, Hunkler C, Ciupka K, Hartmann G, Schlee M. Increased IKKϵ protein stability ensures efficient type I interferon responses in conditions of TBK1 deficiency. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1073608. [PMID: 36936901 PMCID: PMC10020501 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1073608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
TBK1 and IKKϵ are related, crucial kinases in antiviral immune signaling pathways downstream of cytosolic nucleic acid receptors such as cGAS and RIG-I-like receptors. Upon activation, they phosphorylate the transcription factors IRF3 and IRF7 and thereby initiate the expression of type I interferons and antiviral effectors. While point mutation-induced loss of TBK1 kinase activity results in clinical hyper-susceptibility to viral infections, a complete lack of TBK1 expression in humans is unexpectedly not associated with diminished antiviral responses. Here, we provide a mechanistic explanation for these so-far unexplained observations by showing that TBK1 controls the protein expression of its related kinase IKKϵ in human myeloid cells. Mechanistically, TBK1 constitutively diminishes the protein stability of IKKϵ independent of TBK1 kinase activity but dependent on its interaction with the scaffold protein TANK. In consequence, depletion of TBK1 protein but not mutation-induced kinase deficiency induces the upregulation of IKKϵ. Due to the functional redundancy of the kinases in cGAS-STING and RIG-I-like receptor signaling in human myeloid cells, enhanced IKKϵ expression can compensate for the loss of TBK1. We show that IKKϵ upregulation is crucial to ensure unmitigated type I interferon production in conditions of TBK1 deficiency: While the type I interferon response to Listeria monocytogenes infection is maintained upon TBK1 loss, it is strongly diminished in cells harboring a kinase-deficient TBK1 variant, in which IKKϵ is not upregulated. Many pathogens induce TBK1 degradation, suggesting that loss of TBK1-mediated destabilization of IKKϵ is a critical backup mechanism to prevent diminished interferon responses upon TBK1 depletion.
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11
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Hufbauer M, Rattay S, Hagen C, Quaas A, Pfister H, Hartmann G, Coch C, Akgül B. Poly(I:C) Treatment Prevents Skin Tumor Formation in the Preclinical HPV8 Transgenic Mouse Model. J Invest Dermatol 2022:S0022-202X(22)02900-1. [PMID: 36584911 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Actinic keratoses and cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas are associated with infections with human papillomavirus of genus beta (betaHPV) in immunosuppressed patients. To date, targeted therapy against betaHPV-associated skin cancer does not exist because of the large number of betaHPV without defined high-risk types. In this study, we hypothesized that the activation of innate antiviral immunity in the skin, asymptomatically infected with betaHPV, induces an antitumor response by in situ autovaccination and prevents the formation of betaHPV-associated skin cancer. To test this, we used the preclinical keratin-14-HPV8 transgenic mouse model, which develops skin tumors after mechanical wounding. Remarkably, treatment with the antiviral immune response activating polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly[I:C]) completely prevented cutaneous tumor growth. The induction of the IFN-induced genes Cxcl10 and Ifit1 by poly(I:C) depended on MDA5 activation. Increased numbers of total and activated CD4 and CD8 T cells were detected in poly(I:C)-treated skin. T cells were found in the skin of poly(I:C)-treated mice but not in the skin tumors of untreated mice. T-cell depletion showed a predominant role of CD4 T cells in poly(I:C)-mediated tumor prevention. Our findings identify the MDA5 ligand poly(I:C) as a promising candidate for in situ autovaccination approaches, which might serve as a treatment strategy against betaHPV-related skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Hufbauer
- Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stephanie Rattay
- Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Hagen
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander Quaas
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Herbert Pfister
- Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Coch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; nextevidence GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - Baki Akgül
- Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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12
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Kessler N, Viehmann SF, Krollmann C, Mai K, Kirschner KM, Luksch H, Kotagiri P, Böhner AMC, Huugen D, de Oliveira Mann CC, Otten S, Weiss SAI, Zillinger T, Dobrikova K, Jenne DE, Behrendt R, Ablasser A, Bartok E, Hartmann G, Hopfner KP, Lyons PA, Boor P, Rösen-Wolff A, Teichmann LL, Heeringa P, Kurts C, Garbi N. Correction: Monocyte-derived macrophages aggravate pulmonary vasculitis via cGAS/STING/IFN-mediated nucleic acid sensing. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213681. [PMID: 36367753 PMCID: PMC9663832 DOI: 10.1084/jem.2022075911022022c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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13
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Wuebben C, Bartok E, Hartmann G. Innate sensing of mRNA vaccines. Curr Opin Immunol 2022; 79:102249. [PMID: 36334350 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2022.102249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
With the recent success of mRNA vaccines and the approval of several RNA oligonucleotide therapeutics, RNA holds great promise for future drug development. The rise of RNA therapeutics has been enabled by the tremendous progress in our understanding of the sophisticated cellular mechanisms that disarm potentially dangerous exogenous RNA and safeguard RNA homeostasis. Exogenous RNA, such as an mRNA vaccine when injected, faces an intricate system of immune-sensing receptors, restriction factors, and nucleases referred to as nucleic acid immunity. A careful analysis of the functional interaction between the innate response to mRNA, the efficacy to translate the encoded protein antigen, and the quality of the resulting adaptive immunity bears great potential for further improvement of mRNA vaccines and RNA therapeutics for various clinical applications. In this review, we summarize the most recent efforts to advance mRNA vaccines by capitalizing on recent insight in innate RNA sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Wuebben
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Campus Venusberg, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eva Bartok
- Institute of Experimental Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Campus Venusberg, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Campus Venusberg, Bonn, Germany; German Center of Infection Research (DZIF), site Bonn-Cologne, Germany.
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14
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Schumann T, Ramon SC, Schubert N, Mayo MA, Hega M, Maser KI, Ada SR, Sydow L, Hajikazemi M, Badstübner M, Müller P, Ge Y, Shakeri F, Buness A, Rupf B, Lienenklaus S, Utess B, Muhandes L, Haase M, Rupp L, Schmitz M, Gramberg T, Manel N, Hartmann G, Zillinger T, Kato H, Bauer S, Gerbaulet A, Paeschke K, Roers A, Behrendt R. Deficiency for SAMHD1 activates MDA5 in a cGAS/STING-dependent manner. J Exp Med 2022; 220:213670. [PMID: 36346347 PMCID: PMC9648672 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects in nucleic acid metabolizing enzymes can lead to spontaneous but selective activation of either cGAS/STING or RIG-like receptor (RLR) signaling, causing type I interferon-driven inflammatory diseases. In these pathophysiological conditions, activation of the DNA sensor cGAS and IFN production are linked to spontaneous DNA damage. Physiological, or tonic, IFN signaling on the other hand is essential to functionally prime nucleic acid sensing pathways. Here, we show that low-level chronic DNA damage in mice lacking the Aicardi-Goutières syndrome gene SAMHD1 reduced tumor-free survival when crossed to a p53-deficient, but not to a DNA mismatch repair-deficient background. Increased DNA damage did not result in higher levels of type I interferon. Instead, we found that the chronic interferon response in SAMHD1-deficient mice was driven by the MDA5/MAVS pathway but required functional priming through the cGAS/STING pathway. Our work positions cGAS/STING upstream of tonic IFN signaling in Samhd1-deficient mice and highlights an important role of the pathway in physiological and pathophysiological innate immune priming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Schumann
- Institute for Immunology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Santiago Costas Ramon
- Institute for Immunology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nadja Schubert
- Institute for Immunology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mohamad Aref Mayo
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Melanie Hega
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Katharina Isabell Maser
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Servi-Remzi Ada
- Institute for Immunology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lukas Sydow
- Institute for Immunology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mona Hajikazemi
- Clinic of Internal Medicine III, Oncology, Hematology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus Badstübner
- Institute for Immunology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Patrick Müller
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Yan Ge
- Institute for Immunology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany,Institute for Immunology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Farhad Shakeri
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Buness
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Benjamin Rupf
- Institute for Immunology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Lienenklaus
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Barbara Utess
- Institute for Immunology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lina Muhandes
- Institute for Immunology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany,Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Haase
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Luise Rupp
- Institute for Immunology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marc Schmitz
- Institute for Immunology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany,National Center for Tumor Diseases, Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany,German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Gramberg
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicolas Manel
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U932, Institut Curie, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris, France
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Zillinger
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hiroki Kato
- Institute of Cardiovascular Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Bauer
- Institute for Immunology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Gerbaulet
- Institute for Immunology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katrin Paeschke
- Clinic of Internal Medicine III, Oncology, Hematology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Axel Roers
- Institute for Immunology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany,Institute for Immunology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rayk Behrendt
- Institute for Immunology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany,Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Correspondence to Rayk Behrendt:
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15
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Maharana S, Kretschmer S, Hunger S, Yan X, Kuster D, Traikov S, Zillinger T, Gentzel M, Elangovan S, Dasgupta P, Chappidi N, Lucas N, Maser KI, Maatz H, Rapp A, Marchand V, Chang YT, Motorin Y, Hubner N, Hartmann G, Hyman AA, Alberti S, Lee-Kirsch MA. SAMHD1 controls innate immunity by regulating condensation of immunogenic self RNA. Mol Cell 2022; 82:3712-3728.e10. [PMID: 36150385 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Recognition of pathogen-derived foreign nucleic acids is central to innate immune defense. This requires discrimination between structurally highly similar self and nonself nucleic acids to avoid aberrant inflammatory responses as in the autoinflammatory disorder Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS). How vast amounts of self RNA are shielded from immune recognition to prevent autoinflammation is not fully understood. Here, we show that human SAM-domain- and HD-domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1), one of the AGS-causing genes, functions as a single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) 3'exonuclease, the lack of which causes cellular RNA accumulation. Increased ssRNA in cells leads to dissolution of RNA-protein condensates, which sequester immunogenic double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). Release of sequestered dsRNA from condensates triggers activation of antiviral type I interferon via retinoic-acid-inducible gene I-like receptors. Our results establish SAMHD1 as a key regulator of cellular RNA homeostasis and demonstrate that buffering of immunogenic self RNA by condensates regulates innate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shovamayee Maharana
- Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, 560012 Bengaluru, India.
| | - Stefanie Kretschmer
- Department of Pediatrics, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Susan Hunger
- Department of Pediatrics, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Xiao Yan
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - David Kuster
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sofia Traikov
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Zillinger
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Marc Gentzel
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Shobha Elangovan
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, 560012 Bengaluru, India
| | - Padmanava Dasgupta
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, 560012 Bengaluru, India
| | - Nagaraja Chappidi
- Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Nadja Lucas
- Department of Pediatrics, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Katharina Isabell Maser
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Henrike Maatz
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13235 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Rapp
- Department of Biology, Universität Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Virginie Marchand
- Université de Lorraine, IMoPA UMR7365 CNRS-UL and UMS2008 IBSLor CNRS-Inserm-UL, 54505 Nancy, France
| | - Young-Tae Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuri Motorin
- Université de Lorraine, IMoPA UMR7365 CNRS-UL and UMS2008 IBSLor CNRS-Inserm-UL, 54505 Nancy, France
| | - Norbert Hubner
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13235 Berlin, Germany; Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, 13235 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Anthony A Hyman
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Simon Alberti
- Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Min Ae Lee-Kirsch
- Department of Pediatrics, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; University Centre for Rare Diseases, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
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16
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Tzaridis T, Weller J, Bachurski D, Shakeri F, Schaub C, Hau P, Buness A, Schlegel U, Steinbach J, Seidel C, Goldbrunner R, Schäfer N, Wechsler‐Reya RJ, Hallek M, Scheffler B, Glas M, Haeberle L, Herrlinger U, Coch C, Reiners KS, Hartmann G. “A novel serum extracellular vesicle protein signature to monitor glioblastoma tumor progression”. Int J Cancer 2022; 152:308-319. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Theophilos Tzaridis
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology University of Bonn Germany
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology, Center of Integrated Oncology Aachen‐Bonn‐Cologne‐Düsseldorf, Partner Site Bonn University of Bonn Germany
- Tumor Initiation & Maintenance Program Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute La Jolla USA
| | - Johannes Weller
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology, Center of Integrated Oncology Aachen‐Bonn‐Cologne‐Düsseldorf, Partner Site Bonn University of Bonn Germany
| | - Daniel Bachurski
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen‐Bonn‐Cologne‐Düsseldorf, Partner Site Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne University of Cologne Germany
| | - Farhad Shakeri
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, Medical Faculty University of Bonn Germany
| | - Christina Schaub
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology, Center of Integrated Oncology Aachen‐Bonn‐Cologne‐Düsseldorf, Partner Site Bonn University of Bonn Germany
| | - Peter Hau
- Department of Neurology and Wilhelm Sander NeuroOncology Unit University Hospital Regensburg Germany
| | - Andreas Buness
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, Medical Faculty University of Bonn Germany
| | - Uwe Schlegel
- Department of Neurology University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr–University Bochum Germany
| | | | - Clemens Seidel
- Department of Radiation Oncology University of Leipzig Germany
| | | | - Niklas Schäfer
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology, Center of Integrated Oncology Aachen‐Bonn‐Cologne‐Düsseldorf, Partner Site Bonn University of Bonn Germany
| | - Robert J. Wechsler‐Reya
- Tumor Initiation & Maintenance Program Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute La Jolla USA
| | - Michael Hallek
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen‐Bonn‐Cologne‐Düsseldorf, Partner Site Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne University of Cologne Germany
| | - Björn Scheffler
- DKFZ‐Division Translational Neurooncology at the West German Cancer Center, German Cancer Consortium, DKFZ Heidelberg & Partner Site University Hospital Essen Germany
| | - Martin Glas
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology and West German Cancer Center, German Cancer Consortium University Hospital Essen Germany
| | - Lothar Haeberle
- Erlangen University Hospital, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen‐EMN Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen– Nuremberg Germany
| | - Ulrich Herrlinger
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology, Center of Integrated Oncology Aachen‐Bonn‐Cologne‐Düsseldorf, Partner Site Bonn University of Bonn Germany
| | - Christoph Coch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology University of Bonn Germany
| | - Katrin S. Reiners
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology University of Bonn Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology University of Bonn Germany
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17
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Kessler N, Viehmann SF, Krollmann C, Mai K, Kirschner KM, Luksch H, Kotagiri P, Böhner AM, Huugen D, de Oliveira Mann CC, Otten S, Weiss SA, Zillinger T, Dobrikova K, Jenne DE, Behrendt R, Ablasser A, Bartok E, Hartmann G, Hopfner KP, Lyons PA, Boor P, Rösen-Wolff A, Teichmann LL, Heeringa P, Kurts C, Garbi N. Monocyte-derived macrophages aggravate pulmonary vasculitis via cGAS/STING/IFN-mediated nucleic acid sensing. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213416. [PMID: 35997679 PMCID: PMC9402992 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune vasculitis is a group of life-threatening diseases, whose underlying pathogenic mechanisms are incompletely understood, hampering development of targeted therapies. Here, we demonstrate that patients suffering from anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) showed increased levels of cGAMP and enhanced IFN-I signature. To identify disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets, we developed a mouse model for pulmonary AAV that mimics severe disease in patients. Immunogenic DNA accumulated during disease onset, triggering cGAS/STING/IRF3-dependent IFN-I release that promoted endothelial damage, pulmonary hemorrhages, and lung dysfunction. Macrophage subsets played dichotomic roles in disease. While recruited monocyte-derived macrophages were major disease drivers by producing most IFN-β, resident alveolar macrophages contributed to tissue homeostasis by clearing red blood cells and limiting infiltration of IFN-β-producing macrophages. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of STING, IFNAR-I, or its downstream JAK/STAT signaling reduced disease severity and accelerated recovery. Our study unveils the importance of STING/IFN-I axis in promoting pulmonary AAV progression and identifies cellular and molecular targets to ameliorate disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Kessler
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Nina Kessler:
| | - Susanne F. Viehmann
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Calvin Krollmann
- Medical Clinic and Polyclinic III, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Karola Mai
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Katharina M. Kirschner
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hella Luksch
- Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Prasanti Kotagiri
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alexander M.C. Böhner
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dennis Huugen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Simon Otten
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefanie A.I. Weiss
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München and University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Zillinger
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kristiyana Dobrikova
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dieter E. Jenne
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München and University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany,Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology, Planegg-Martinsried, Planegg, Germany
| | - Rayk Behrendt
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andrea Ablasser
- Global Health Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eva Bartok
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Paul A. Lyons
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK,Cambridge Institute for Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter Boor
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Angela Rösen-Wolff
- Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lino L. Teichmann
- Medical Clinic and Polyclinic III, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter Heeringa
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Christian Kurts
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Natalio Garbi
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Correspondence to Natalio Garbi:
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18
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Schwab LSU, Farrukee R, Eléouët JF, Rameix-Welti MA, Londrigan SL, Brooks AG, Hurt AC, Coch C, Zillinger T, Hartmann G, Reading PC. Retinoic Acid-Inducible Gene I Activation Inhibits Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Replication in Mammalian Cells and in Mouse and Ferret Models of Infection. J Infect Dis 2022; 226:2079-2088. [PMID: 35861054 PMCID: PMC9749005 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are associated with substantial rates of morbidity and mortality. Treatment options are limited, and there is urgent need for the development of efficient antivirals. Pattern recognition receptors such as the cytoplasmic helicase retinoic acid-inducible gene (RIG) I can be activated by viral nucleic acids, leading to activation of interferon-stimulated genes and generation of an "antiviral state." In the current study, we activated RIG-I with synthetic RNA agonists (3pRNA) to induce resistance to RSV infection in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, pretreatment of human, mouse, and ferret airway cell lines with RIG-I agonist before RSV exposure inhibited virus infection and replication. Moreover, a single intravenous injection of 3pRNA 1 day before RSV infection resulted in potent inhibition of virus replication in the lungs of mice and ferrets, but not in nasal tissues. These studies provide evidence that RIG-I agonists represent a promising antiviral drug for RSV prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara S U Schwab
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth St, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia,Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Rubaiyea Farrukee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth St, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Jean-François Eléouët
- Unité de Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Marie-Anne Rameix-Welti
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Versailles St. Quentin; UMR 1173 (2I), INSERM, Versailles, France,Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Laboratoire de Microbiologie, DMU15; Boulogne, France
| | - Sarah L Londrigan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth St, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Andrew G Brooks
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth St, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Aeron C Hurt
- Present affiliation: F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Product Development Medical Affairs, Respiratory, GastroImmunology and Infectious Diseases, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Thomas Zillinger
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Patrick C Reading
- Correspondence: Patrick C. Reading, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth St, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia ()
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19
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Rattay S, Hufbauer M, Hagen C, Putschli B, Coch C, Akgül B, Hartmann G. Human Beta Papillomavirus Type 8 E1 and E2 Proteins Suppress the Activation of the RIG-I-like Receptor MDA5. Viruses 2022; 14:v14071361. [PMID: 35891343 PMCID: PMC9317666 DOI: 10.3390/v14071361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent infections of the skin with the human papillomavirus of genus beta (β-HPV) in immunocompetent individuals are asymptomatic, but in immunosuppressed patients, β-HPV infections exhibit much higher viral loads on the skin and are associated with an increased risk of skin cancer. Unlike with HPV16, a high-risk α-HPV, the impact of β-HPV early genes on the innate immune sensing of viral nucleic acids has not been studied. Here, we used primary skin keratinocytes and U2OS cells expressing HPV8 or distinct HPV8 early genes and well-defined ligands of the nucleic-acid-sensing receptors RIG-I, MDA5, TLR3, and STING to analyze a potential functional interaction. We found that primary skin keratinocytes and U2OS cells expressed RIG-I, MDA5, TLR3, and STING, but not TLR7, TLR8, or TLR9. While HPV16-E6 downregulated the expression of RIG-I, MDA5, TLR3, and STING and, in conjunction with HPV16-E7, effectively suppressed type I IFN in response to MDA5 activation, the presence of HPV8 early genes showed little effect on the expression of these immune receptors, except for HPV8-E2, which was associated with an elevated expression of TLR3. Nevertheless, whole HPV8 genome expression, as well as the selective expression of HPV8-E1 or HPV8-E2, was found to suppress MDA5-induced type I IFN and the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6. Furthermore, RNA isolated from HPV8-E2 expressing primary human keratinocytes, but not control cells, stimulated a type I IFN response in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, indicating that the expression of HPV8-E2 in keratinocytes leads to the formation of stimulatory RNA ligands that require the active suppression of immune recognition. These results identify HPV8-E1 and HPV8-E2 as viral proteins that are responsible for the immune escape of β-HPV from the innate recognition of viral nucleic acids, a mechanism that may be necessary for establishing persistent β-HPV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Rattay
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Gebäude 12, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (C.H.); (B.P.); (C.C.); (G.H.)
- Institute of Virology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Fürst-Pückler-Str. 56., 50935 Cologne, Germany; (M.H.); (B.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-221-478-85821; Fax: +49-221-478-85802
| | - Martin Hufbauer
- Institute of Virology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Fürst-Pückler-Str. 56., 50935 Cologne, Germany; (M.H.); (B.A.)
| | - Christian Hagen
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Gebäude 12, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (C.H.); (B.P.); (C.C.); (G.H.)
| | - Bastian Putschli
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Gebäude 12, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (C.H.); (B.P.); (C.C.); (G.H.)
| | - Christoph Coch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Gebäude 12, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (C.H.); (B.P.); (C.C.); (G.H.)
| | - Baki Akgül
- Institute of Virology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Fürst-Pückler-Str. 56., 50935 Cologne, Germany; (M.H.); (B.A.)
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Gebäude 12, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (C.H.); (B.P.); (C.C.); (G.H.)
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20
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Coenen M, Bingel U, Zunhammer M, Berdaguer MS, Fuhrmann C, Fimmers R, Rengelshausen J, Hartmann G, Schedlowski M, Coch C. Influence on study outcomes of an inpatient study by the behavior of the study staff (PINgPOng): study protocol for a randomized clinical trial. Trials 2022; 23:488. [PMID: 35698101 PMCID: PMC9195319 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06436-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The placebo effect as the symptom improvement following inert treatments is a fixed component of RCTs to differentiate between specific effects of the tested pharmacological substance from other unspecific effects. The PINgPOng study was set up to analyze the influence of a study team trained to either minimize the placebo response and optimize drug-placebo differences or to maximize the placebo response to increase drug efficacy by unspecific factors on the study results of a RCT in a classical early clinical trial setting. Methods/design PINgPOng is a single-center, prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in a 3-group, 2-sequence, 2-period cross-over design. The study is conducted according to the principles of ICH-GCP and the Declaration of Helsinki on the Phase I-Unit of the University Hospital Bonn. The primary endpoint is the pain intensity in the cold pressor test before and after the administration of 15 mg oxycodone or placebo. The pain intensity is compared between three study conditions: 32 healthy volunteers in each study arm will be treated either by an untrained study team (arm A), by a study team trained to maximize (arm B), or to minimize placebo responses (arm C). Neuroendocrine factors (alpha-amylase activity, salivary cortisol), characteristic traits (anxiety, depression, stress), and somatic reactions are analyzed as covariates of the pain perception. Discussion The PINgPOng study will allow to answer the question whether and to what extent the behavior of a trained study team (neutral vs. maximize vs. minimize placebo responses) will differentially affect placebo responses in a setting of a highly standardized early clinical trial. The results will help to control the placebo effects by education of the clinical study team and to avoid unnecessary high placebo effects in clinical development. Trial registration German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00013586. Registered on December 22, 2017. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13063-022-06436-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Coenen
- Clinical Study Core Unit, Study Center Bonn (SZB), University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany. .,Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Ulrike Bingel
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Zunhammer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Maria Soledad Berdaguer
- Clinical Study Core Unit, Study Center Bonn (SZB), University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christine Fuhrmann
- Clinical Study Core Unit, Study Center Bonn (SZB), University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Rolf Fimmers
- Institute of Medical Biometrics, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jens Rengelshausen
- Clinical Science, Grünenthal GmbH, Zieglerstr. 6, 52078, Aachen, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Manfred Schedlowski
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147, Essen, Germany.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christoph Coch
- Clinical Study Core Unit, Study Center Bonn (SZB), University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany.,nextevidence GmbH, Balanstraße 71a, 81541, Munich, Germany
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21
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Dohmen J, Semaan A, Kobilay M, Zaleski M, Branchi V, Schlierf A, Hettwer K, Uhlig S, Hartmann G, Kalff JC, Matthaei H, Lingohr P, Holdenrieder S. Diagnostic Potential of Exosomal microRNAs in Colorectal Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12061413. [PMID: 35741223 PMCID: PMC9221658 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12061413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Despite the significance of colonoscopy for early diagnosis of colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRC), population-wide screening remains challenging, mainly because of low acceptance rates. Herein, exosomal (exo-miR) and free circulating microRNA (c-miR) may be used as liquid biopsies in CRC to identify individuals at risk. Direct comparison of both compartments has shown inconclusive results, which is why we directly compared a panel of 10 microRNAs in this entity. Methods: Exo-miR and c-miR levels were measured using real-time quantitative PCR after isolation from serum specimens in a cohort of 69 patients. Furthermore, results were compared to established tumor markers CEA and CA 19-9. Results: Direct comparison of exo- and c-miR biopsy results showed significantly higher microRNA levels in the exosomal compartment (p < 0.001). Exo-Let7, exo-miR-16 and exo-miR-23 significantly differed between CRC and healthy controls (all p < 0.05), while no c-miR showed this potential. Sensitivity and specificity can be further enhanced using combinations of multiple exosomal miRNAs. Conclusions: Exosomal microRNA should be considered as a promising biomarker in CRC for future studies. Nonetheless, results may show interference with common comorbidities, which must be taken into account in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Dohmen
- Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (J.D.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (J.C.K.); (H.M.); (P.L.)
| | - Alexander Semaan
- Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (J.D.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (J.C.K.); (H.M.); (P.L.)
| | - Makbule Kobilay
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (M.K.); (M.Z.); (G.H.)
| | - Martin Zaleski
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (M.K.); (M.Z.); (G.H.)
| | - Vittorio Branchi
- Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (J.D.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (J.C.K.); (H.M.); (P.L.)
| | - Anja Schlierf
- QuoData GmbH-Quality & Statistics, 01309 Dresden, Germany; (A.S.); (K.H.); (S.U.)
- CEBIO GmbH—Center for Evaluation of Biomarkers, 81679 Munich, Germany
| | - Karina Hettwer
- QuoData GmbH-Quality & Statistics, 01309 Dresden, Germany; (A.S.); (K.H.); (S.U.)
- CEBIO GmbH—Center for Evaluation of Biomarkers, 81679 Munich, Germany
| | - Steffen Uhlig
- QuoData GmbH-Quality & Statistics, 01309 Dresden, Germany; (A.S.); (K.H.); (S.U.)
- CEBIO GmbH—Center for Evaluation of Biomarkers, 81679 Munich, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (M.K.); (M.Z.); (G.H.)
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Cologne/Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jörg C. Kalff
- Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (J.D.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (J.C.K.); (H.M.); (P.L.)
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Cologne/Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Hanno Matthaei
- Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (J.D.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (J.C.K.); (H.M.); (P.L.)
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Cologne/Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Philipp Lingohr
- Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (J.D.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (J.C.K.); (H.M.); (P.L.)
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Cologne/Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Holdenrieder
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (M.K.); (M.Z.); (G.H.)
- CEBIO GmbH—Center for Evaluation of Biomarkers, 81679 Munich, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Cologne/Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Correspondence:
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22
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Thier B, Zhao F, Stupia S, Brüggemann A, Koch J, Schulze N, Horn S, Coch C, Hartmann G, Sucker A, Schadendorf D, Paschen A. Innate immune receptor signaling induces transient melanoma dedifferentiation while preserving immunogenicity. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2021-003863. [PMID: 35697379 PMCID: PMC9196182 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-003863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immune-stimulatory agents, like agonists of the innate immune receptor RIG-I, are currently tested in clinical trials as an intratumoral treatment option for patients with unresectable melanoma, aiming to enhance anti-tumor T cell responses. Switching of melanoma toward a dedifferentiated cell state has recently been linked to T cell and therapy resistance. It remains to be determined whether RIG-I agonists affect melanoma differentiation, potentially leading to T cell resistance. Methods Patient metastases-derived melanoma cell lines were treated with the synthetic RIG-I agonist 3pRNA, and effects on tumor cell survival, phenotype and differentiation were determined. Transcriptomic data sets from cell lines and metastases were analyzed for associations between RIG-I (DDX58) and melanoma differentiation markers and used to define signaling pathways involved in RIG-I-driven dedifferentiation. The impact of 3pRNA-induced melanoma dedifferentiation on CD8 T cell activation was studied in autologous tumor T cell models. Results RIG-I activation by 3pRNA induced apoptosis in a subpopulation of melanoma cells, while the majority of tumor cells switched into a non-proliferative cell state. Those persisters displayed a dedifferentiated cell phenotype, marked by downregulation of the melanocytic lineage transcription factor MITF and its target genes, including melanoma differentiation antigens (MDA). Transition into the MITFlow/MDAlow cell state was JAK-dependent, with some cells acquiring nerve growth factor receptor expression. MITFlow/MDAlow persisters switched back to the proliferative differentiated cell state when RIG-I signaling declined. Consistent with our in vitro findings, an association between melanoma dedifferentiation and high RIG-I (DDX58) levels was detected in transcriptomic data from patient metastases. Notably, despite their dedifferentiated cell phenotype, 3pRNA-induced MITFlow/MDAlow persisters were still efficiently targeted by autologous CD8 tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TILs). Conclusions Our results demonstrate that RIG-I signaling in melanoma cells drives a transient phenotypic switch toward a non-proliferative dedifferentiated persister cell state. Despite their dedifferentiation, those persisters are highly immunogenic and sensitive toward autologous TILs, challenging the concept of melanoma dedifferentiation as a general indicator of T cell resistance. In sum, our findings support the application of RIG-I agonists as a therapeutic tool for the generation of long-term clinical benefit in non-resectable melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Thier
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Essen/Düsseldorf, Essen, Germany
| | - Fang Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Essen/Düsseldorf, Essen, Germany
| | - Simone Stupia
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Essen/Düsseldorf, Essen, Germany
| | - Alicia Brüggemann
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Essen/Düsseldorf, Essen, Germany
| | - Johannes Koch
- Imaging Center Campus Essen, Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Nina Schulze
- Imaging Center Campus Essen, Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Susanne Horn
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christoph Coch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Nextevidence GmbH, Grünwald, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Antje Sucker
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Essen/Düsseldorf, Essen, Germany
| | - Dirk Schadendorf
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Essen/Düsseldorf, Essen, Germany
| | - Annette Paschen
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Essen/Düsseldorf, Essen, Germany
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23
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Steiner A, Hrovat-Schaale K, Prigione I, Yu CH, Laohamonthonkul P, Harapas CR, Low RRJ, De Nardo D, Dagley LF, Mlodzianoski MJ, Rogers KL, Zillinger T, Hartmann G, Gantier MP, Gattorno M, Geyer M, Volpi S, Davidson S, Masters SL. Deficiency in coatomer complex I causes aberrant activation of STING signalling. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2321. [PMID: 35484149 PMCID: PMC9051092 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29946-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Coatomer complex I (COPI) mediates retrograde vesicular trafficking from Golgi to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and within Golgi compartments. Deficiency in subunit alpha causes COPA syndrome and is associated with type I IFN signalling, although the upstream innate immune sensor involved was unknown. Using in vitro models we find aberrant activation of the STING pathway due to deficient retrograde but probably not intra-Golgi transport. Further we find the upstream cytosolic DNA sensor cGAS as essentially required to drive type I IFN signalling. Genetic deletion of COPI subunits COPG1 or COPD similarly induces type I IFN activation in vitro, which suggests that inflammatory diseases associated with mutations in other COPI subunit genes may exist. Finally, we demonstrate that inflammation in COPA syndrome patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells and COPI-deficient cell lines is ameliorated by treatment with the small molecule STING inhibitor H-151, suggesting targeted inhibition of the cGAS/STING pathway as a promising therapeutic approach. Mutations in the coatomer complex I can result in endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammatory consequences. Here authors define aberrant activation of the STING immunosensing pathway in a disturbed coatmer complex context and the therapeutic modulation of this axis to counter the associated immunopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie Steiner
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Institute of Structural Biology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Katja Hrovat-Schaale
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Ignazia Prigione
- Centre for Autoinflammatory Diseases and Primary Immunodeficiencies, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Chien-Hsiung Yu
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Pawat Laohamonthonkul
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Cassandra R Harapas
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Ronnie Ren Jie Low
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Personalised Oncology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Dominic De Nardo
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Laura F Dagley
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Advanced Technology and Biology, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Michael J Mlodzianoski
- Center for Dynamic Imaging, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Kelly L Rogers
- Center for Dynamic Imaging, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Thomas Zillinger
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Immunology, Philipps-University Marburg, BMFZ, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael P Gantier
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Marco Gattorno
- Centre for Autoinflammatory Diseases and Primary Immunodeficiencies, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Matthias Geyer
- Institute of Structural Biology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefano Volpi
- Centre for Autoinflammatory Diseases and Primary Immunodeficiencies, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147, Genoa, Italy.,University of Genoa, 16126, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sophia Davidson
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Seth L Masters
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia. .,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
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24
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Renn M, Bartok E, Zillinger T, Hartmann G, Behrendt R. Animal models of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 for the development of prophylactic and therapeutic interventions. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 228:107931. [PMID: 34171328 PMCID: PMC8219947 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Infections of the Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 continue to spread around the globe, causing Coronavirus Disease (COVID)-19. Infected people are at risk of developing acute interstitial pneumonia, which can result in lethal complications, particularly in patients with pre-existing co-morbidities. Novel prophylactic and therapeutic interventions are urgently needed to limit the infection-associated health risk for the population and to contain the pandemic. Animal models are indispensable to assessing the efficacy and safety of potential new antivirals, vaccines, and other innovative therapies, such as nucleic acid agonists of innate immune sensing receptors. In this review, we provide an overview of the commonly used animal models to study SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, including a summary of their susceptibility to infection, the spectrum of symptoms elicited, and the potential for drug development in each model. We hope that this review will help researchers to decide on the right model organism to quickly address their specific scientific questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Renn
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; Mildred Scheel School of Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Eva Bartok
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; Unit of Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Thomas Zillinger
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; Institute of Immunology, School of Medicine, Philipps University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Rayk Behrendt
- Institute for Immunology, Technische Universität Dresden, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
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25
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Steiner A, Reygaerts T, Pontillo A, Ceccherini I, Moecking J, Moghaddas F, Davidson S, Caroli F, Grossi A, Castro FFM, Kalil J, Gohr FN, Schmidt FI, Bartok E, Zillinger T, Hartmann G, Geyer M, Gattorno M, Mendonça LO, Masters SL. Recessive NLRC4-Autoinflammatory Disease Reveals an Ulcerative Colitis Locus. J Clin Immunol 2021; 42:325-335. [PMID: 34783940 PMCID: PMC8821057 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-021-01175-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE NLRC4-associated autoinflammatory disease (NLRC4-AID) is an autosomal dominant condition presenting with a range of clinical manifestations which can include macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) and severe enterocolitis. We now report the first homozygous mutation in NLRC4 (c.478G > A, p.A160T) causing autoinflammatory disease with immune dysregulation and find that heterozygous carriers in the general population are at increased risk of developing ulcerative colitis. METHODS Circulating immune cells and inflammatory markers were profiled and historical clinical data interrogated. DNA was extracted and sequenced using standard procedures. Inflammasome activation assays for ASC speck formation, pyroptosis, and IL-1β/IL-18 secretion confirmed pathogenicity of the mutation in vitro. Genome-wide association of NLRC4 (A160T) with ulcerative colitis was examined using data from the IBD exomes portal. RESULTS A 60-year-old Brazilian female patient was evaluated for recurrent episodes of systemic inflammation from six months of age. Episodes were characterized by recurrent low-grade fever, chills, oral ulceration, uveitis, arthralgia, and abdominal pain, followed by diarrhea with mucus and variable skin rash. High doses of corticosteroids were somewhat effective in controlling disease and anti-IL-1β therapy partially controlled symptoms. While on treatment, serum IL-1β and IL-18 levels remained elevated. Genetic investigations identified a homozygous mutation in NLRC4 (A160T), inherited in a recessive fashion. Increased ASC speck formation and IL-1β/IL-18 secretion confirmed pathogenicity when NLRC4 (A160T) was analyzed in human cell lines. This allele is significantly enriched in patients with ulcerative colitis: OR 2.546 (95% 1.778-3.644), P = 0.01305. CONCLUSION NLRC4 (A160T) can either cause recessively inherited autoinflammation and immune dysregulation, or function as a heterozygous risk factor for the development of ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie Steiner
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Institute of Structural Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Reygaerts
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Alessandra Pontillo
- Immunogenetic Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Biomedical Science Institute, Universidade of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabella Ceccherini
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics of Rare Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Jonas Moecking
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Institute of Structural Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Fiona Moghaddas
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Sophia Davidson
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Francesco Caroli
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics of Rare Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alice Grossi
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics of Rare Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabio Fernandes Morato Castro
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jorge Kalil
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Florian N Gohr
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Florian I Schmidt
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eva Bartok
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany.,Unit of Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Thomas Zillinger
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Immunology, Philipps-University Marburg, BMFZ, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias Geyer
- Institute of Structural Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marco Gattorno
- Center for Autoinflammatory Diseases and Primary Immunodeficiencies, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Leonardo Oliveira Mendonça
- Immunogenetic Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Biomedical Science Institute, Universidade of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics of Rare Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147, Genoa, Italy.,Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Center for Autoinflammatory Diseases and Primary Immunodeficiencies, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147, Genoa, Italy.,Center for Rare and Immunological Disorders, DASA-Hospital 9 de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Seth L Masters
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia. .,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
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26
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Tzaridis T, Weller J, Bachurski D, Shakheri F, Schaub C, Hau P, Buness A, Schlegel U, Steinbach J, Seidel C, Goldbrunner R, Schäfer N, Wechsler-Reya R, Scheffler B, Glas M, Haeberle L, Herrlinger U, Coch C, Reiners K, Hartmann G. BIOM-24. PROTEIN SURFACE SIGNATURE ON SERUM EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES FOR NON-INVASIVE DETECTION OF TUMOR PROGRESSION IN GLIOBLASTOMA PATIENTS. Neuro Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab196.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
INTRODUCTION
Detection of tumor progression in glioblastoma patients remains a major challenge for clinicians due to equivocal MRI results. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are potential biomarkers and can be detected in the blood of tumor patients. In this study, we evaluated the potential of serum-derived EVs from glioblastoma patients to serve as a marker for tumor progression in adjunction with MRI assessment.
METHODS
Glioblastoma patients from two independent cohorts, one from the multicenter Phase III CeTeG/NOA-09 trial (n=36) and the other from patients treated at the University of Bonn (n=31), were included in this study. EVs from serum of glioblastoma patients and healthy volunteers were separated by size exclusion chromatography and ultracentrifugation. EV markers were defined by using a proximity-extension assay and bead-based flow cytometry. Tumor progression was defined according to modified RANO criteria.
RESULTS
EVs from the serum of glioblastoma patients (n=67) showed an upregulation of CD29 (p=0.08), CD44 (p< 0.0001), CD81 (p< 0.0001), CD146 (p< 0.0001), C1QA (p=0.003), and histone H3 (p< 0.0001) as compared to serum EVs from healthy volunteers. For both independent cohorts of glioblastoma patients, we noted upregulation of C1QA, CD44, and histone H3 upon tumor progression, but not in patients with stable disease. Notably, six patients with worse survival compared to the median survival of the cohort did not fulfill RANO criteria at the time of suspected progression, yet showed an elevation of at least one out of these three markers. In a multivariable logistic regression analysis, a combination of CD29, CD44, CD81, C1QA, and histone H3 correlated with RANO-defined tumor progression with an AUC of 0.76.
CONCLUSION
Measurement of CD29, CD44, CD81, C1QA, and histone H3 in serum-derived EVs of glioblastoma patients, along with standard MRI assessment, could improve detection of true tumor progression and thus be a useful tool for clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theophilos Tzaridis
- Tumor Initiation & Maintenance Program, Sanford Burnham Presbys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Johannes Weller
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel Bachurski
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen-Bonn-Cologne-Düsseldorf, Partner Site Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Farhad Shakheri
- Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christina Schaub
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter Hau
- Department of Neurology and Wilhelm Sander NeuroOncology Unit, University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Buness
- Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Uwe Schlegel
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr–University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Joachim Steinbach
- Dr. Senckenbergisches Institut für Neuroonkologie, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Clemens Seidel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Roland Goldbrunner
- Center for Neurosurgery, Dept. of General Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Niklas Schäfer
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Björn Scheffler
- DKFZ-Division Translational Neurooncology at the West German Cancer Center, German Cancer Consortium, DKFZ Heidelberg & Partner Site University Hospital Essen, Germany, Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Glas
- Department of Neurology and Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), Division of Clinical Neurooncology, University Medicine Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lothar Haeberle
- Erlangen University Hospital, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen–Nuremberg, Germany, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Herrlinger
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Coch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Katrin Reiners
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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27
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Kettwig M, Ternka K, Wendland K, Krüger DM, Zampar S, Schob C, Franz J, Aich A, Winkler A, Sakib MS, Kaurani L, Epple R, Werner HB, Hakroush S, Kitz J, Prinz M, Bartok E, Hartmann G, Schröder S, Rehling P, Henneke M, Boretius S, Alia A, Wirths O, Fischer A, Stadelmann C, Nessler S, Gärtner J. Interferon-driven brain phenotype in a mouse model of RNaseT2 deficient leukoencephalopathy. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6530. [PMID: 34764281 PMCID: PMC8586222 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26880-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Infantile-onset RNaseT2 deficient leukoencephalopathy is characterised by cystic brain lesions, multifocal white matter alterations, cerebral atrophy, and severe psychomotor impairment. The phenotype is similar to congenital cytomegalovirus brain infection and overlaps with type I interferonopathies, suggesting a role for innate immunity in its pathophysiology. To date, pathophysiological studies have been hindered by the lack of mouse models recapitulating the neuroinflammatory encephalopathy found in patients. In this study, we generated Rnaset2-/- mice using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing. Rnaset2-/- mice demonstrate upregulation of interferon-stimulated genes and concurrent IFNAR1-dependent neuroinflammation, with infiltration of CD8+ effector memory T cells and inflammatory monocytes into the grey and white matter. Single nuclei RNA sequencing reveals homeostatic dysfunctions in glial cells and neurons and provide important insights into the mechanisms of hippocampal-accentuated brain atrophy and cognitive impairment. The Rnaset2-/- mice may allow the study of CNS damage associated with RNaseT2 deficiency and may be used for the investigation of potential therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Kettwig
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Katharina Ternka
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kristin Wendland
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dennis Manfred Krüger
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Silvia Zampar
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Charlotte Schob
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jonas Franz
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
- Campus Institute for Dynamics of Biological Networks, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Abhishek Aich
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Anne Winkler
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - M Sadman Sakib
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lalit Kaurani
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Robert Epple
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hauke B Werner
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Samy Hakroush
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Julia Kitz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marco Prinz
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Basics in NeuroModulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Eva Bartok
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Unit of Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Simone Schröder
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Peter Rehling
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marco Henneke
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Susann Boretius
- Functional Imaging Laboratory, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - A Alia
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Oliver Wirths
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andre Fischer
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christine Stadelmann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Nessler
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jutta Gärtner
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
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28
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Brägelmann J, Lorenz C, Borchmann S, Nishii K, Wegner J, Meder L, Ostendorp J, Ast DF, Heimsoeth A, Nakasuka T, Hirabae A, Okawa S, Dammert MA, Plenker D, Klein S, Lohneis P, Gu J, Godfrey LK, Forster J, Trajkovic-Arsic M, Zillinger T, Haarmann M, Quaas A, Lennartz S, Schmiel M, D'Rozario J, Thomas ES, Li H, Schmitt CA, George J, Thomas RK, von Karstedt S, Hartmann G, Büttner R, Ullrich RT, Siveke JT, Ohashi K, Schlee M, Sos ML. MAPK-pathway inhibition mediates inflammatory reprogramming and sensitizes tumors to targeted activation of innate immunity sensor RIG-I. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5505. [PMID: 34535668 PMCID: PMC8448826 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25728-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinase inhibitors suppress the growth of oncogene driven cancer but also enforce the selection of treatment resistant cells that are thought to promote tumor relapse in patients. Here, we report transcriptomic and functional genomics analyses of cells and tumors within their microenvironment across different genotypes that persist during kinase inhibitor treatment. We uncover a conserved, MAPK/IRF1-mediated inflammatory response in tumors that undergo stemness- and senescence-associated reprogramming. In these tumor cells, activation of the innate immunity sensor RIG-I via its agonist IVT4, triggers an interferon and a pro-apoptotic response that synergize with concomitant kinase inhibition. In humanized lung cancer xenografts and a syngeneic Egfr-driven lung cancer model these effects translate into reduction of exhausted CD8+ T cells and robust tumor shrinkage. Overall, the mechanistic understanding of MAPK/IRF1-mediated intratumoral reprogramming may ultimately prolong the efficacy of targeted drugs in genetically defined cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Brägelmann
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Carina Lorenz
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sven Borchmann
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Else-Kröner-Forschungskolleg Clonal Evolution in Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kazuya Nishii
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Julia Wegner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lydia Meder
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jenny Ostendorp
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - David F Ast
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alena Heimsoeth
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Takamasa Nakasuka
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Atsuko Hirabae
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Sachi Okawa
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Marcel A Dammert
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dennis Plenker
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
- Lustgarten Foundation Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
| | - Sebastian Klein
- Else-Kröner-Forschungskolleg Clonal Evolution in Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Philipp Lohneis
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jianing Gu
- Institute for Developmental Cancer Therapeutics, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK, partner site Essen) and German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laura K Godfrey
- Institute for Developmental Cancer Therapeutics, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK, partner site Essen) and German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Forster
- Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK, partner site Essen) and German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
- Genome Informatics, Institute of Human Genetics, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marija Trajkovic-Arsic
- Institute for Developmental Cancer Therapeutics, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK, partner site Essen) and German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Zillinger
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mareike Haarmann
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander Quaas
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefanie Lennartz
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marcel Schmiel
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Joshua D'Rozario
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Emily S Thomas
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Henry Li
- Crown Bioscience, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Clemens A Schmitt
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité - University Medical Center, Virchow Campus, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum, Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kepler University Hospital, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Julie George
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roman K Thomas
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Silvia von Karstedt
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Reinhard Büttner
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roland T Ullrich
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jens T Siveke
- Institute for Developmental Cancer Therapeutics, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK, partner site Essen) and German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kadoaki Ohashi
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Japan, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kitaku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Martin Schlee
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin L Sos
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
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29
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Dolscheid-Pommerich R, Bartok E, Renn M, Kümmerer BM, Schulte B, Schmithausen RM, Stoffel-Wagner B, Streeck H, Saschenbrecker S, Steinhagen K, Hartmann G. Correlation between a quantitative anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG ELISA and neutralization activity. J Med Virol 2021; 94:388-392. [PMID: 34415572 PMCID: PMC8426838 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In the current COVID-19 pandemic, a better understanding of the relationship between merely binding and functionally neutralizing antibodies is necessary to characterize protective antiviral immunity following infection or vaccination. This study analyzes the level of correlation between the novel quantitative EUROIMMUN Anti-SARS-CoV-2 QuantiVac ELISA (IgG) and a microneutralization assay. A panel of 123 plasma samples from a COVID-19 outbreak study population, preselected by semiquantitative anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG testing, was used to assess the relationship between the novel quantitative ELISA (IgG) and a microneutralization assay. Binding IgG targeting the S1 antigen was detected in 106 (86.2%) samples using the QuantiVac ELISA, while 89 (72.4%) samples showed neutralizing antibody activity. Spearman's correlation analysis demonstrated a strong positive relationship between anti-S1 IgG levels and neutralizing antibody titers (rs = 0.819, p < 0.0001). High and low anti-S1 IgG levels were associated with a positive predictive value of 72.0% for high-titer neutralizing antibodies and a negative predictive value of 90.8% for low-titer neutralizing antibodies, respectively. These results substantiate the implementation of the QuantiVac ELISA to assess protective immunity following infection or vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eva Bartok
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marcel Renn
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Mildred Scheel School of Oncology, Bonn, Germany.,University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Bianca Schulte
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Birgit Stoffel-Wagner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hendrik Streeck
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sandra Saschenbrecker
- Institute for Experimental Immunology, Affiliated to EUROIMMUN Medizinische Labordiagnostika AG, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Katja Steinhagen
- Institute for Experimental Immunology, Affiliated to EUROIMMUN Medizinische Labordiagnostika AG, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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30
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Ofir-Birin Y, Ben Ami Pilo H, Cruz Camacho A, Rudik A, Rivkin A, Revach OY, Nir N, Block Tamin T, Abou Karam P, Kiper E, Peleg Y, Nevo R, Solomon A, Havkin-Solomon T, Rojas A, Rotkopf R, Porat Z, Avni D, Schwartz E, Zillinger T, Hartmann G, Di Pizio A, Quashie NB, Dikstein R, Gerlic M, Torrecilhas AC, Levy C, Nolte-'t Hoen ENM, Bowie AG, Regev-Rudzki N. Malaria parasites both repress host CXCL10 and use it as a cue for growth acceleration. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4851. [PMID: 34381047 PMCID: PMC8357946 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24997-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogens are thought to use host molecular cues to control when to initiate life-cycle transitions, but these signals are mostly unknown, particularly for the parasitic disease malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum. The chemokine CXCL10 is present at high levels in fatal cases of cerebral malaria patients, but is reduced in patients who survive and do not have complications. Here we show a Pf 'decision-sensing-system' controlled by CXCL10 concentration. High CXCL10 expression prompts P. falciparum to initiate a survival strategy via growth acceleration. Remarkably, P. falciparum inhibits CXCL10 synthesis in monocytes by disrupting the association of host ribosomes with CXCL10 transcripts. The underlying inhibition cascade involves RNA cargo delivery into monocytes that triggers RIG-I, which leads to HUR1 binding to an AU-rich domain of the CXCL10 3'UTR. These data indicate that when the parasite can no longer keep CXCL10 at low levels, it can exploit the chemokine as a cue to shift tactics and escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifat Ofir-Birin
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Hila Ben Ami Pilo
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Abel Cruz Camacho
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ariel Rudik
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Anna Rivkin
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Or-Yam Revach
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Netta Nir
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tal Block Tamin
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Paula Abou Karam
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Edo Kiper
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yoav Peleg
- Structural Proteomics Unit, Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities (LSCF), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Reinat Nevo
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Aryeh Solomon
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tal Havkin-Solomon
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alicia Rojas
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ron Rotkopf
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ziv Porat
- Flow Cytometry Unit, Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Dror Avni
- The Institute of Geographic Medicine and Tropical Diseases and the Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Research, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eli Schwartz
- The Institute of Geographic Medicine and Tropical Diseases and the Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Research, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Thomas Zillinger
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Antonella Di Pizio
- Leibniz-Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Neils Ben Quashie
- Epidemiology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
- Centre for Tropical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | - Rivka Dikstein
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Motti Gerlic
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ana Claudia Torrecilhas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Diadema, Brazil
| | - Carmit Levy
- Department of Human Genetics and Biochemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Esther N M Nolte-'t Hoen
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew G Bowie
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Neta Regev-Rudzki
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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31
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Serrano R, Coch C, Peters C, Hartmann G, Wesch D, Kabelitz D. Monocyte-dependent co-stimulation of cytokine induction in human γδ T cells by TLR8 RNA ligands. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15231. [PMID: 34315922 PMCID: PMC8316369 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94428-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Vγ9Vδ2 T cells recognize pyrophosphates produced by microbes and transformed cells and play a role in anti-infective immunity and tumor surveillance. Toll-like receptors (TLR) are pattern recognition receptors in innate immune cells which sense microbial structures including nucleic acids. Given that γδ T cells are in clinical development for application in cellular cancer immunotherapy and TLR ligands have potent adjuvant activity, we investigated the co-stimulatory role of selected TLR ligands in γδ T-cell activation. Here we have used recently described RNA ligands for TLR7 and TLR8 together with Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell specific pyrophosphate antigens to analyze the rapid cytokine induction in Vδ2 T cells as well as the accessory cell requirements. While TLR8- as well as TLR7/8-specific RNA did not induce IFN-γ in Vδ2 T cells on their own, they provided strong co-stimulation for Vδ2 T cells within peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the presence of additional T-cell receptor activation. In contrast, TLR7 ligands were ineffective. Purified γδ T cells did not directly respond to TLR8 co-stimulation but required the presence of monocytes. Further experiments revealed a critical role of IL-1β and IL-18, and to a slightly lesser extent of IL-12p70, in the co-stimulation of Vδ2 T cells by TLR8 and TLR7/8 RNA ligands. Results of intracellular cytokine expression were validated by ELISA analysis of cytokines in cell culture supernatants. The cell context-dependent adjuvant activity of TLR8 and TLR7/8 RNA ligands described here might be important for the future optimization of γδ T-cell based cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Serrano
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U30, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christoph Coch
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christian Peters
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U30, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniela Wesch
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U30, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dieter Kabelitz
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U30, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
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32
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Franz S, Pott F, Zillinger T, Schüler C, Dapa S, Fischer C, Passos V, Stenzel S, Chen F, Döhner K, Hartmann G, Sodeik B, Pessler F, Simmons G, Drexler JF, Goffinet C. Human IFITM3 restricts chikungunya virus and Mayaro virus infection and is susceptible to virus-mediated counteraction. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:e202000909. [PMID: 34078739 PMCID: PMC8200292 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon-induced transmembrane (IFITM) proteins restrict membrane fusion and virion internalization of several enveloped viruses. The role of IFITM proteins during alphaviral infection of human cells and viral counteraction strategies are insufficiently understood. Here, we characterized the impact of human IFITMs on the entry and spread of chikungunya virus and Mayaro virus and provide first evidence for a CHIKV-mediated antagonism of IFITMs. IFITM1, 2, and 3 restricted infection at the level of alphavirus glycoprotein-mediated entry, both in the context of direct infection and cell-to-cell transmission. Relocalization of normally endosomal IFITM3 to the plasma membrane resulted in loss of antiviral activity. rs12252-C, a naturally occurring variant of IFITM3 that may associate with severe influenza in humans, restricted CHIKV, MAYV, and influenza A virus infection as efficiently as wild-type IFITM3 Antivirally active IFITM variants displayed reduced cell surface levels in CHIKV-infected cells involving a posttranscriptional process mediated by one or several nonstructural protein(s) of CHIKV. Finally, IFITM3-imposed reduction of specific infectivity of nascent particles provides a rationale for the necessity of a virus-encoded counteraction strategy against this restriction factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergej Franz
- Institute of Experimental Virology, TWINCORE Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a Joint Venture Between the Hannover Medical School (MHH) and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Hannover, Germany
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Fabian Pott
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Virology, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Zillinger
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Venusberg-Campus 1, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christiane Schüler
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Virology, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sandra Dapa
- Institute of Experimental Virology, TWINCORE Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a Joint Venture Between the Hannover Medical School (MHH) and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Hannover, Germany
| | - Carlo Fischer
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Virology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vânia Passos
- Institute of Experimental Virology, TWINCORE Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a Joint Venture Between the Hannover Medical School (MHH) and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Hannover, Germany
| | - Saskia Stenzel
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Virology, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fangfang Chen
- Research Group Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a Joint Venture Between the Hanover Medical School (MHH) and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Hanover, Germany
| | - Katinka Döhner
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Virology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Beate Sodeik
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Frank Pessler
- Research Group Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a Joint Venture Between the Hanover Medical School (MHH) and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Hanover, Germany
| | | | - Jan Felix Drexler
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Virology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christine Goffinet
- Institute of Experimental Virology, TWINCORE Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a Joint Venture Between the Hannover Medical School (MHH) and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Hannover, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Virology, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Pušnik J, Richter E, Schulte B, Dolscheid-Pommerich R, Bode C, Putensen C, Hartmann G, Alter G, Streeck H. Memory B cells targeting SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and their dependence on CD4 + T cell help. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109320. [PMID: 34146478 PMCID: PMC8192958 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Memory B cells seem to be more durable than antibodies and thus crucial for the long-term immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Here we investigate SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific memory B cells and their dependence on CD4+ T cell help in different settings of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Compared with severely ill individuals, those who recovered from mild COVID-19 develop fewer but functionally superior spike-specific memory B cells. Generation and affinity maturation of these cells is best associated with IL-21+CD4+ T cells in recovered individuals and CD40L+CD4+ T cells in severely ill individuals. The increased activation and exhaustion of memory B cells observed during COVID-19 correlates with CD4+ T cell functions. Intriguingly, CD4+ T cells recognizing membrane protein show a stronger association with spike-specific memory B cells than those recognizing spike or nucleocapsid proteins. Overall, we identify CD4+ T cell subsets associated with the generation of B cell memory during SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jernej Pušnik
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Braunschweig 38124, Germany
| | - Enrico Richter
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Braunschweig 38124, Germany
| | - Bianca Schulte
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Braunschweig 38124, Germany
| | - Ramona Dolscheid-Pommerich
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Braunschweig 38124, Germany; Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, 53127, Germany
| | - Christian Bode
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Christian Putensen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Braunschweig 38124, Germany; Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, 53127, Germany
| | - Galit Alter
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02139-3583, USA
| | - Hendrik Streeck
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Braunschweig 38124, Germany.
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Richter E, Al Arashi D, Schulte B, Bode C, Marx B, Aldabbagh S, Schlüter C, Kümmerer BM, Oldenburg J, Funk MB, Putensen C, Schmithausen RM, Hartmann G, Eis-Hübinger A, Streeck H. Detectable SARS-CoV-2 RNAemia in Critically Ill Patients, but Not in Mild and Asymptomatic Infections. Transfus Med Hemother 2021; 48:154-160. [PMID: 34177419 PMCID: PMC8216035 DOI: 10.1159/000515841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has challenged many of our current routine practices in the treatment and care of patients. Given the critical importance of blood donation and transfusion we analyzed 92 blood samples of individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 stratified by symptoms. Study Design and Methods We therefore tested blood samples for SARS-CoV-2 via RT-PCR targeting the E gene. In addition, we tested each blood sample for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies via ELISA and performed plaque reduction neutralization tests. Results SARS-CoV-2 RNA was absent in the blood of mild to asymptomatic patients (57 individuals) and only detectable in individuals with severe COVID-19 who were admitted to the intensive care unit (35 individuals) (n = 6/92 [6.5%]; p = 0.023 Fisher's exact test). Interestingly, anti-spike IgG antibodies were not significantly higher in intensive care unit patients compared to mild patients, but we found that their neutralizing capacity was disproportionately increased (p < 0.001). Conclusion Our observations support the hypothesis that there are no potential hazards from blood or plasma transfusion of SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals with mild flu-like symptoms and more importantly of asymptomatic individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Richter
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Bonn, Germany
| | - Doaa Al Arashi
- Department for Internal Medicine, City Hospital Heinsberg, Heinsberg, Germany
| | - Bianca Schulte
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christian Bode
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Benjamin Marx
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Bonn, Germany
| | - Souhaib Aldabbagh
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Bonn, Germany
| | - Celina Schlüter
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Bonn, Germany
| | - Beate Mareike Kümmerer
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Bonn, Germany
| | - Johannes Oldenburg
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus B Funk
- Department Safety of Drugs and Medical Devices, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Christian Putensen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anna Eis-Hübinger
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hendrik Streeck
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Bonn, Germany
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Mellert K, Benckendorff J, Leithäuser F, Zimmermann K, Wiegand P, Frascaroli G, Buck M, Malaise M, Hartmann G, Barchet W, Fürst D, Mytilineos J, Mayer-Steinacker R, Viardot A, Möller P. U-DCS: characterization of the first permanent human dendritic sarcoma cell line. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21221. [PMID: 33277516 PMCID: PMC7718904 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77471-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A dendritic cell sarcoma cell line, U-DCS, was established from a dendritic cell sarcoma in a 53-year-old Caucasian male patient. Since its establishment, U-DCS has maintained stable phenotypic characteristics in vitro and has a doubling time of approximately 2 days under standard culture conditions. U-DCS is growing with typical dendritic cell morphology in tissue and expresses the dendritic cell sarcoma immunophenotypic markers S100 protein, MHCI, MHCII, and vimentin. Expression analysis revealed transcripts for the toll-like receptors TLR3, -4, -9 and DDX58 (RIG-I), but not for TLR2. U-DCS shows functional features of dendritic cells with the ability of phagocytosis and antigen-specific T cell stimulation. Karyotype-, CGH-, and mFISH analysis point to a chromosomal instability and a hypotetraploid karyotype with approximately 130 chromosomes. U-DCS is the first immortalized human dendritic cell sarcoma cell line and has some morphological and functional features of dendritic cells without dependency on growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Mellert
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Julian Benckendorff
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Frank Leithäuser
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Zimmermann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Wiegand
- Institute for Forensic Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Michaela Buck
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Muriel Malaise
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Winfried Barchet
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel Fürst
- Institute of Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics, German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Baden Württemberg-Hessen, Ulm, Germany
| | - Joannis Mytilineos
- Institute of Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics, German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Baden Württemberg-Hessen, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Viardot
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Möller
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
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36
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Streeck H, Schulte B, Kümmerer BM, Richter E, Höller T, Fuhrmann C, Bartok E, Dolscheid-Pommerich R, Berger M, Wessendorf L, Eschbach-Bludau M, Kellings A, Schwaiger A, Coenen M, Hoffmann P, Stoffel-Wagner B, Nöthen MM, Eis-Hübinger AM, Exner M, Schmithausen RM, Schmid M, Hartmann G. Infection fatality rate of SARS-CoV2 in a super-spreading event in Germany. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5829. [PMID: 33203887 DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.04.20090076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
A SARS-CoV2 super-spreading event occurred during carnival in a small town in Germany. Due to the rapidly imposed lockdown and its relatively closed community, this town was seen as an ideal model to investigate the infection fatality rate (IFR). Here, a 7-day seroepidemiological observational study was performed to collect information and biomaterials from a random, household-based study population. The number of infections was determined by IgG analyses and PCR testing. We found that of the 919 individuals with evaluable infection status, 15.5% (95% CI:[12.3%; 19.0%]) were infected. This is a fivefold higher rate than the reported cases for this community (3.1%). 22.2% of all infected individuals were asymptomatic. The estimated IFR was 0.36% (95% CI:[0.29%; 0.45%]) for the community and 0.35% [0.28%; 0.45%] when age-standardized to the population of the community. Participation in carnival increased both infection rate (21.3% versus 9.5%, p < 0.001) and number of symptoms (estimated relative mean increase 1.6, p = 0.007). While the infection rate here is not representative for Germany, the IFR is useful to estimate the consequences of the pandemic in places with similar healthcare systems and population characteristics. Whether the super-spreading event not only increases the infection rate but also affects the IFR requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Streeck
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Bianca Schulte
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Beate M Kümmerer
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Enrico Richter
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Tobias Höller
- Clinical Study Core Unit, Study Center Bonn (SZB), University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christine Fuhrmann
- Clinical Study Core Unit, Study Center Bonn (SZB), University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eva Bartok
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ramona Dolscheid-Pommerich
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Moritz Berger
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lukas Wessendorf
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Monika Eschbach-Bludau
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Angelika Kellings
- Clinical Study Core Unit, Study Center Bonn (SZB), University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Astrid Schwaiger
- Biobank Core Unit, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin Coenen
- Clinical Study Core Unit, Study Center Bonn (SZB), University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Birgit Stoffel-Wagner
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anna M Eis-Hübinger
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Martin Exner
- Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Schmid
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Braunschweig, Germany.
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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Tzaridis T, Weller J, Bachurski D, Schäfer N, Schaub C, Hallek M, Scheffler B, Glas M, Hartmann G, Herrlinger U, Wild S, Coch C, Reiners K. BIOM-40. ANALYSIS OF SERUM MIRNA IN GLIOBLASTOMA PATIENTS: TARGETED ENRICHMENT OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES ENHANCES SPECIFICITY FOR PROGNOSTIC SIGNATURE. Neuro Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a devastating disease, for which biomarkers allowing a prediction of prognosis are urgently needed. microRNAs have been described as potentially valuable biomarkers in cancer. Here, we studied a panel of microRNAs in extracellular vesicles (EV) from the serum of glioblastoma patients and also in total serum without prior EV separation, and evaluated their correlation with the survival of these patients. Our study included 55 patients in total, 26 (47.3%) of which were treated within the multicenter Phase III CeTeG/NOA-09 trial and 29 (52.7%) in the Division of Clinical Neurooncology of the University Hospital of Bonn, as well as 10 healthy volunteers (HV). Blood was drawn from patients during the adjuvant chemotherapeutic treatment. A panel of 15 microRNAs was studied by quantitative real-time PCR in EV that were separated by size-exclusion chromatography, followed by CDxx* immunoprecipitation (SEC+CDxx*), and compared with those from total serum of glioblastoma patients and HV. Comparing SEC+CDxx* to total serum, we found evidence for enrichment of miR-21-3p and miR-106a-5p and, conversely, lower levels of miR-15b-3p in SEC+CDxx* EV. miR-15b-3p and miR-21-3p were upregulated in serum of glioblastoma patients compared to healthy subjects. Significant correlation with survival of the patients was found for levels of miR-15b-3p in total serum and miR-15b-3p, miR-21-3p, miR-106a-5p and miR-328-3p in SEC+CDxx* EV. Combining miR-15b-3p in serum or miR-106a-5p in SEC+CDxx* EV with any one of the other three microRNAs in SEC+CDxx* EV allowed for a prognostic stratification of glioblastoma patients. We have thus identified four microRNAs whose levels, in combination, can predict the prognosis for these patients. *=Cluster of Differentiation xx (CDxx); Molecule cannot be specifically mentioned due to pending patent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theophilos Tzaridis
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology & Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology, Center of Integrated Oncology Aachen-Bonn-Cologne-Düsseldorf, Partner Site Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany, Bonn, Germany
| | - Johannes Weller
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Dept. of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel Bachurski
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen-Bonn-Cologne-Düsseldorf, Partner Site Cologne, CECAD Center of Excellence on “Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases”, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany, Cologne, Germany
| | - Niklas Schäfer
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Dept. of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christina Schaub
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Dept. of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Hallek
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen-Bonn-Cologne-Düsseldorf, Partner Site Cologne, CECAD Center of Excellence on “Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases”, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany, Cologne, Germany
| | - Björn Scheffler
- DKFZ-Division Translational Neurooncology at the WTZ, DKTK partner site, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Glas
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ulrich Herrlinger
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Dept. of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Wild
- Miltenyi Biomedicine GmbH, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | - Christoph Coch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, Bonn, Germany
| | - Katrin Reiners
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, Bonn, Germany
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Ostendorf T, Zillinger T, Andryka K, Schlee-Guimaraes TM, Schmitz S, Marx S, Bayrak K, Linke R, Salgert S, Wegner J, Grasser T, Bauersachs S, Soltesz L, Hübner MP, Nastaly M, Coch C, Kettwig M, Roehl I, Henneke M, Hoerauf A, Barchet W, Gärtner J, Schlee M, Hartmann G, Bartok E. Immune Sensing of Synthetic, Bacterial, and Protozoan RNA by Toll-like Receptor 8 Requires Coordinated Processing by RNase T2 and RNase 2. Immunity 2020; 52:591-605.e6. [PMID: 32294405 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Human toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8) activation induces a potent T helper-1 (Th1) cell response critical for defense against intracellular pathogens, including protozoa. The receptor harbors two distinct binding sites, uridine and di- and/or trinucleotides, but the RNases upstream of TLR8 remain poorly characterized. We identified two endolysosomal endoribonucleases, RNase T2 and RNase 2, that act synergistically to release uridine from oligoribonucleotides. RNase T2 cleaves preferentially before, and RNase 2 after, uridines. Live bacteria, P. falciparum-infected red blood cells, purified pathogen RNA, and synthetic oligoribonucleotides all required RNase 2 and T2 processing to activate TLR8. Uridine supplementation restored RNA recognition in RNASE2-/- or RNASET2-/- but not RNASE2-/-RNASET2-/- cells. Primary immune cells from RNase T2-hypomorphic patients lacked a response to bacterial RNA but responded robustly to small-molecule TLR8 ligands. Our data identify an essential function of RNase T2 and RNase 2 upstream of TLR8 and provide insight into TLR8 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Ostendorf
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Zillinger
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Andryka
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Saskia Schmitz
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Samira Marx
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kübra Bayrak
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Rebecca Linke
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sarah Salgert
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Julia Wegner
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tatjana Grasser
- Axolabs GmbH, Fritz-Hornschuch-Strasse 9, 95326 Kulmbach, Germany
| | - Sonja Bauersachs
- Axolabs GmbH, Fritz-Hornschuch-Strasse 9, 95326 Kulmbach, Germany
| | - Leon Soltesz
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marc P Hübner
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (IMMIP), University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Maximilian Nastaly
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Coch
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Miltenyi Biotech, Biomedicine Division, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | - Matthias Kettwig
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ingo Roehl
- Axolabs GmbH, Fritz-Hornschuch-Strasse 9, 95326 Kulmbach, Germany
| | - Marco Henneke
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Achim Hoerauf
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (IMMIP), University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Winfried Barchet
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jutta Gärtner
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martin Schlee
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eva Bartok
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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Doeser A, Riemann S, Thiesler T, Schiller C, Mustea A, Kristiansen G, Hartmann G, Kübler K. CD117+/c-Kit+ cancer stem cells exhibit immune-modulatory effects in high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1718130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Doeser
- Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Frauenklinik
- Institut für klinische Chemie und klinische Pharmakologie/Universitätsklinikum Bonn
| | - S Riemann
- Institut für klinische Chemie und klinische Pharmakologie/Universitätsklinikum Bonn
| | - T Thiesler
- Institut für Pathologie/Universitätsklinikum Bonn
| | - C Schiller
- Institut für Pathologie/Universitätsklinikum Bonn
| | - A Mustea
- Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Frauenklinik
| | | | - G Hartmann
- Institut für klinische Chemie und klinische Pharmakologie/Universitätsklinikum Bonn
| | - K Kübler
- Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Frauenklinik
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Cancer Center and Department of Pathology
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40
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Tzaridis T, Reiners KS, Weller J, Bachurski D, Schäfer N, Schaub C, Hallek M, Scheffler B, Glas M, Herrlinger U, Wild S, Coch C, Hartmann G. Analysis of Serum miRNA in Glioblastoma Patients: CD44-Based Enrichment of Extracellular Vesicles Enhances Specificity for the Prognostic Signature. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197211. [PMID: 33003586 PMCID: PMC7583802 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a devastating disease, for which biomarkers allowing a prediction of prognosis are urgently needed. microRNAs have been described as potentially valuable biomarkers in cancer. Here, we studied a panel of microRNAs in extracellular vesicles (EVs) from the serum of glioblastoma patients and evaluated their correlation with the prognosis of these patients. The levels of 15 microRNAs in EVs that were separated by size-exclusion chromatography were studied by quantitative real-time PCR, followed by CD44 immunoprecipitation (SEC + CD44), and compared with those from the total serum of glioblastoma patients (n = 55) and healthy volunteers (n = 10). Compared to total serum, we found evidence for the enrichment of miR-21-3p and miR-106a-5p and, conversely, lower levels of miR-15b-3p, in SEC + CD44 EVs. miR-15b-3p and miR-21-3p were upregulated in glioblastoma patients compared to healthy subjects. A significant correlation with survival of the patients was found for levels of miR-15b-3p in total serum and miR-15b-3p, miR-21-3p, miR-106a-5p, and miR-328-3p in SEC + CD44 EVs. Combining miR-15b-3p in serum or miR-106a-5p in SEC + CD44 EVs with any one of the other three microRNAs in SEC + CD44 EVs allowed for a prognostic stratification of glioblastoma patients. We have thus identified four microRNAs in glioblastoma patients whose levels, in combination, can predict the prognosis for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theophilos Tzaridis
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (T.T.); (C.C.); (G.H.)
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology, Center of Integrated Oncology Aachen-Bonn-Cologne-Düsseldorf, Partner Site Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (J.W.); (N.S.); (C.S.); (U.H.)
- Tumor Initiation & Maintenance Program, NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Katrin S Reiners
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (T.T.); (C.C.); (G.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Johannes Weller
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology, Center of Integrated Oncology Aachen-Bonn-Cologne-Düsseldorf, Partner Site Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (J.W.); (N.S.); (C.S.); (U.H.)
| | - Daniel Bachurski
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen-Bonn-Cologne-Düsseldorf, Partner Site Cologne, CECAD Center of Excellence on ‘‘Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases’’, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (D.B.); (M.H.)
| | - Niklas Schäfer
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology, Center of Integrated Oncology Aachen-Bonn-Cologne-Düsseldorf, Partner Site Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (J.W.); (N.S.); (C.S.); (U.H.)
| | - Christina Schaub
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology, Center of Integrated Oncology Aachen-Bonn-Cologne-Düsseldorf, Partner Site Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (J.W.); (N.S.); (C.S.); (U.H.)
| | - Michael Hallek
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen-Bonn-Cologne-Düsseldorf, Partner Site Cologne, CECAD Center of Excellence on ‘‘Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases’’, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (D.B.); (M.H.)
| | - Björn Scheffler
- DKFZ-Division Translational Neurooncology at the West German Cancer Center (WTZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ Heidelberg & Partner Site Univ Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Martin Glas
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology and West German Cancer Center (WTZ), German Cancer Consortium, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Ulrich Herrlinger
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology, Center of Integrated Oncology Aachen-Bonn-Cologne-Düsseldorf, Partner Site Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (J.W.); (N.S.); (C.S.); (U.H.)
| | - Stefan Wild
- Miltenyi Biotec & Biomedicine GmbH, 51429 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany;
| | - Christoph Coch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (T.T.); (C.C.); (G.H.)
- Miltenyi Biotec & Biomedicine GmbH, 51429 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany;
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (T.T.); (C.C.); (G.H.)
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Muley T, Zhang X, Holdenrieder S, Korse CM, Zhi XY, Molina R, Liu Z, Hartmann G, van den Heuvel MM, Qian K, Marrades R, Engel C, He Y, Wehnl B, Dayyani F, Herth F. A continuous responder algorithm to optimize clinical management of small-cell lung cancer with progastrin-releasing peptide as a simple blood test. Tumour Biol 2020; 42:1010428320958603. [PMID: 32964798 DOI: 10.1177/1010428320958603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether changes in progastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP) levels correlate with treatment response and can be used to optimize clinical management of patients with small-cell lung cancer. Patients with small-cell lung cancer (any stage) receiving chemotherapy were eligible. ProGRP was measured in serum/plasma at baseline and after each chemotherapy cycle using the Elecsys® ProGRP assay (Roche Diagnostics). Treatment response was assessed by computed tomography scan. The primary objective was to examine whether changes in ProGRP levels correlated with computed tomography scan results after two cycles of chemotherapy. The prognostic value of ProGRP among patients receiving first-line chemotherapy was also assessed. Overall, 261 patients from six centers were eligible. Among patients with elevated baseline ProGRP (>100 pg/mL), a ProGRP decline after Cycle 2 was associated with nonprogression (area under the curve: 84%; 95% confidence interval: 72.8-95.1; n = 141). ProGRP changes from baseline to end of Cycle 1 were predictive of response, as determined by computed tomography scan 3 weeks later (area under the curve: 87%; 95% confidence interval: 74.1-99.2; n = 137). This was enhanced by repeat measurements, with a 92% area under the curve (95% confidence interval: 85.3-97.8) among patients with ProGRP data after both Cycles 1 and 2 (n = 123); if a patient experienced a ≥25% decline in ProGRP after Cycle 1, and ProGRP remained stable or decreased after Cycle 2, the probability of finding progression on the interim computed tomography scan at the end of Cycle 2 was almost zero (sensitivity: 100%, specificity: 71%). Both ProGRP levels at baseline and at the end of first-line chemotherapy were prognostic; the latter provided a moderately improved hazard ratio of 2.43 (95% confidence interval: 1.33-4.46; n = 110) versus 1.87 (95% confidence interval: 1.04-3.37; n = 216). In summary, for patients with small-cell lung cancer and elevated baseline ProGRP levels, ProGRP may be a simple, reliable, and repeatable tool for monitoring response to chemotherapy and provide valuable prognostic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Muley
- Thoraxklinik at University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC) Heidelberg, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xiaotong Zhang
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | | | - Xiu-Yi Zhi
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rafael Molina
- Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zhongjuan Liu
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Michel M van den Heuvel
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kun Qian
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ramon Marrades
- Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Ying He
- Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany
| | | | - Farshid Dayyani
- Roche Diagnostics International, Rotkreuz, Switzerland.,University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Felix Herth
- Thoraxklinik at University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC) Heidelberg, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
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42
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Elsner C, Ponnurangam A, Kazmierski J, Zillinger T, Jansen J, Todt D, Döhner K, Xu S, Ducroux A, Kriedemann N, Malassa A, Larsen PK, Hartmann G, Barchet W, Steinmann E, Kalinke U, Sodeik B, Goffinet C. Absence of cGAS-mediated type I IFN responses in HIV-1-infected T cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:19475-19486. [PMID: 32709741 PMCID: PMC7431009 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2002481117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The DNA sensor cGAS catalyzes the production of the cyclic dinucleotide cGAMP, resulting in type I interferon responses. We addressed the functionality of cGAS-mediated DNA sensing in human and murine T cells. Activated primary CD4+ T cells expressed cGAS and responded to plasmid DNA by upregulation of ISGs and release of bioactive interferon. In mouse T cells, cGAS KO ablated sensing of plasmid DNA, and TREX1 KO enabled cells to sense short immunostimulatory DNA. Expression of IFIT1 and MX2 was downregulated and upregulated in cGAS KO and TREX1 KO T cell lines, respectively, compared to parental cells. Despite their intact cGAS sensing pathway, human CD4+ T cells failed to mount a reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitor-sensitive immune response following HIV-1 infection. In contrast, infection of human T cells with HSV-1 that is functionally deficient for the cGAS antagonist pUL41 (HSV-1ΔUL41N) resulted in a cGAS-dependent type I interferon response. In accordance with our results in primary CD4+ T cells, plasmid challenge or HSV-1ΔUL41N inoculation of T cell lines provoked an entirely cGAS-dependent type I interferon response, including IRF3 phosphorylation and expression of ISGs. In contrast, no RT-dependent interferon response was detected following transduction of T cell lines with VSV-G-pseudotyped lentiviral or gammaretroviral particles. Together, T cells are capable to raise a cGAS-dependent cell-intrinsic response to both plasmid DNA challenge or inoculation with HSV-1ΔUL41N. However, HIV-1 infection does not appear to trigger cGAS-mediated sensing of viral DNA in T cells, possibly by revealing viral DNA of insufficient quantity, length, and/or accessibility to cGAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Elsner
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, 30625 Hanover, Germany
- Institute for Virology, University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Aparna Ponnurangam
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, 30625 Hanover, Germany
| | - Julia Kazmierski
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, 30625 Hanover, Germany
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Zillinger
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jenny Jansen
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Todt
- Department of Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
- European Virus Bioinformatics Center, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Katinka Döhner
- Institute of Virology, Hanover Medical School, 30625 Hanover, Germany
| | - Shuting Xu
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, 30625 Hanover, Germany
| | - Aurélie Ducroux
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, 30625 Hanover, Germany
| | - Nils Kriedemann
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, 30625 Hanover, Germany
| | - Angelina Malassa
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, 30625 Hanover, Germany
| | - Pia-Katharina Larsen
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, 30625 Hanover, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Winfried Barchet
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, 50935 Cologne-Bonn, Germany
| | - Eike Steinmann
- Department of Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kalinke
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, 30625 Hanover, Germany
| | - Beate Sodeik
- Institute of Virology, Hanover Medical School, 30625 Hanover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Resolving Infection Susceptibility (Excellence Cluster 2155), Hanover Medical School, 30625 Hanover, Germany
| | - Christine Goffinet
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, 30625 Hanover, Germany;
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, 10178 Berlin, Germany
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43
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Such L, Zhao F, Liu D, Thier B, Le-Trilling VTK, Sucker A, Coch C, Pieper N, Howe S, Bhat H, Kalkavan H, Ritter C, Brinkhaus R, Ugurel S, Köster J, Seifert U, Dittmer U, Schuler M, Lang KS, Kufer TA, Hartmann G, Becker JC, Horn S, Ferrone S, Liu D, Van Allen EM, Schadendorf D, Griewank K, Trilling M, Paschen A. Targeting the innate immunoreceptor RIG-I overcomes melanoma-intrinsic resistance to T cell immunotherapy. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:4266-4281. [PMID: 32427578 PMCID: PMC7410049 DOI: 10.1172/jci131572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding tumor resistance to T cell immunotherapies is critical to improve patient outcomes. Our study revealed a role for transcriptional suppression of the tumor-intrinsic HLA class I (HLA-I) antigen processing and presentation machinery (APM) in therapy resistance. Low HLA-I APM mRNA levels in melanoma metastases before immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) correlated with nonresponsiveness to therapy and poor clinical outcome. Patient-derived melanoma cells with silenced HLA-I APM escaped recognition by autologous CD8+ T cells. However, targeted activation of the innate immunoreceptor RIG-I initiated de novo HLA-I APM transcription, thereby overcoming T cell resistance. Antigen presentation was restored in interferon-sensitive (IFN-sensitive) but also immunoedited IFN-resistant melanoma models through RIG-I-dependent stimulation of an IFN-independent salvage pathway involving IRF1 and IRF3. Likewise, enhanced HLA-I APM expression was detected in RIG-Ihi (DDX58hi) melanoma biopsies, correlating with improved patient survival. Induction of HLA-I APM by RIG-I synergized with antibodies blocking PD-1 and TIGIT inhibitory checkpoints in boosting the antitumor T cell activity of ICB nonresponders. Overall, the herein-identified IFN-independent effect of RIG-I on tumor antigen presentation and T cell recognition proposes innate immunoreceptor targeting as a strategy to overcome intrinsic T cell resistance of IFN-sensitive and IFN-resistant melanomas and improve clinical outcomes in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Such
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Fang Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Derek Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Beatrice Thier
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Antje Sucker
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph Coch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Natalia Pieper
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Howe
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Halime Kalkavan
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Institute of Immunology, and
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Immunology, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Cathrin Ritter
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Translational Skin Cancer Research, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robin Brinkhaus
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Selma Ugurel
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Johannes Köster
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Seifert
- Friedrich Loeffler Institute for Medical Microbiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ulf Dittmer
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Schuler
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Thomas A. Kufer
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, Department of Immunology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jürgen C. Becker
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Translational Skin Cancer Research, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Horn
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Soldano Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eliezer M. Van Allen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dirk Schadendorf
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Klaus Griewank
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Mirko Trilling
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Annette Paschen
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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44
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Kalthoff S, Paulusch S, Rupp A, Holdenrieder S, Hartmann G, Strassburg CP. The coffee ingredients caffeic acid and caffeic acid phenylethyl ester protect against irinotecan-induced leukopenia and oxidative stress response. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:4193-4208. [PMID: 32548889 PMCID: PMC7443465 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Irinotecan, used in colorectal cancer therapy, is metabolized by glucuronidation involving different UDP‐glucuronosyltransferase (UGT)1A isoforms leading to facilitated elimination from the body. Individuals homozygous for the genetic variants UGT1A1*28 (Gilbert syndrome) and UGT1A7*3 are more susceptible to irinotecan side effects, severe diarrhoea and leukopenia. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects and active constituents of coffee during irinotecan therapy using humanized transgenic (htg)UGT1A‐WT and htgUGT1A‐SNP (carry UGT1A1*28 and UGT1A7*3 polymorphisms) mice. Experimental Approach HtgUGT1A mice were pretreated with coffee or caffeic acid (CA) + caffeic acid phenylethyl ester (CAPE) and injected with irinotecan. The effects of coffee and CA + CAPE were investigated using reporter gene assays, immunoblot, TaqMan‐PCR, siRNA analyses and blood counts. Key Results Only the combination of the two coffee ingredients, CA and CAPE, mediates protective effects of coffee in a model of irinotecan toxicity by activation of UGT1A genes. Coffee and CA + CAPE significantly increased UGT1A expression and activity along with SN‐38 glucuronide excretion in irinotecan‐injected htgUGT1A mice, resulting in significant improvement of leukopenia, intestinal oxidative stress and inflammation. Conclusion and Implications In this study, we identify the compounds responsible for mediating the previously reported coffee‐induced activation of UGT1A gene expression. CA and CAPE represent key factors for the protective properties of coffee which are capable of reducing irinotecan toxicity, exerting antioxidant and protective effects. Provided that CA + CAPE do not affect irinotecan efficacy, they might represent a novel strategy for the treatment of irinotecan toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Kalthoff
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Paulusch
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander Rupp
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, German Heart Center of the Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Holdenrieder
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, German Heart Center of the Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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45
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Bartok E, Hartmann G. Immune Sensing Mechanisms that Discriminate Self from Altered Self and Foreign Nucleic Acids. Immunity 2020; 53:54-77. [PMID: 32668228 PMCID: PMC7359798 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
All lifeforms have developed highly sophisticated systems equipped to detect altered self and non-self nucleic acids (NA). In vertebrates, NA-sensing receptors safeguard the integrity of the organism by detecting pathogens, dyshomeostasis and damage, and inducing appropriate responses to eliminate pathogens and reconstitute homeostasis. Effector mechanisms include i) immune signaling, ii) restriction of NA functions such as inhibition of mRNA translation, and iii) cell death pathways. An appropriate effector response is necessary for host defense, but dysregulated NA-sensing can lead to devastating autoimmune and autoinflammatory disease. Their inherent biochemical similarity renders the reliable distinction between self NA under homeostatic conditions and altered or exogenous NA particularly challenging. In this review, we provide an overview of recent progress in our understanding of the closely coordinated and regulated network of innate immune receptors, restriction factors, and nucleases to effectively respond to pathogens and maintain host integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Bartok
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
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46
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Holzapfel X, Schrodt A, Hartmann G, Marder L, Schmidt P, Ozga C, Reiß P, Wiegandt F, Ehresmann A, Hans A, Knie A. Determination of Mean Cluster Sizes by Fluorescence Detection upon Site-Specific Photoexcitation. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:5352-5358. [PMID: 32463669 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c02726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Electronic excitations in the valence shell of Ne clusters were studied by fluorescence spectroscopy. The measured fluorescence excitation functions contain information about the nature and number of excitonic states and the mean cluster size of the produced size distribution. Mean cluster sizes were determined by comparing surface and bulk contributions using a multidimensional fitting algorithm, with good agreement to commonly used scaling laws. The influence of different size distributions, which were not considered in previous investigations, on homogeneous noble gas cluster jets is implemented in the proposed model. The present work is the first approach using fluorescence spectroscopy for the determination of the mean size of Ne cluster jets created by supersonic expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Holzapfel
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - A Schrodt
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - G Hartmann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin (HZB), Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - L Marder
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Ph Schmidt
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - C Ozga
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - P Reiß
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - F Wiegandt
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, U.K
| | - A Ehresmann
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - A Hans
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - A Knie
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
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47
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Bartok ES, Ostendorf T, Zillinger T, Andryka K, Guimaraes TM, Schmitz S, Marx S, Bayrak K, Linke R, Salgert S, Grasser T, Baersachs S, Hübner M, Soltesz L, Kettwig M, Nastaly M, Roehl I, Henneke M, Barchet W, Gärtner J, Schlee M, Hartmann G. Immune sensing of synthetic, bacterial and protozoan RNA by TLR8 requires coordinated processing of RNA substrates by RNaseT2 and RNase2. The Journal of Immunology 2020. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.226.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Human TLR8 is an essential sensor of bacterial RNA which induces proinflammatory and Th1 cytokines. Crystallography revealed that TLR8 binds both uridine and short single-stranded RNA, but the RNases that process the RNA are still unknown. Herein, we demonstrate that two endosomal endoribonucleases, RNaseT2 and RNase2, can process RNA for TLR8 recognition. In the endosome, RNase2 and -T2 act synergistically to release uridine from oligoribonucleotides, with RNaseT2 cleaving preferentially before and RNase2 after uridines. Live bacteria, P. falciparum-infected red blood cells, purified pathogen RNA, and synthetic ligands all required RNase processing for TLR8 activation, and uridine supplementation restored RNA recognition in RNASE2−/− or RNASET2−/− but not double knockout cells. Strikingly, peripheral blood mononuclear cells from RNaseT2 hypomorphic patients did not respond to bacterial RNA but did to small-molecule TLR8 agonists. Our data provide a novel insight into TLR8 activation and its differences between cell types and species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Sarah Bartok
- 1Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Ostendorf
- 1Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Zillinger
- 1Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Andryka
- 1Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Saskia Schmitz
- 1Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Samira Marx
- 1Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Kübra Bayrak
- 1Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Rebecca Linke
- 1Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Sarah Salgert
- 1Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | - Marc Hübner
- 3Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Leon Soltesz
- 1Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthias Kettwig
- 4Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University Göttingen, Germany
| | - Maximilian Nastaly
- 1Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Marco Henneke
- 4Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University Göttingen, Germany
| | - Winfried Barchet
- 1Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Jutta Gärtner
- 4Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martin Schlee
- 1Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- 1Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Germany
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48
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Wolf D, Fiegl H, Zeimet AG, Wieser V, Marth C, Sprung S, Sopper S, Hartmann G, Reimer D, Boesch M. High RIG-I expression in ovarian cancer associates with an immune-escape signature and poor clinical outcome. Int J Cancer 2020; 146:2007-2018. [PMID: 31800094 PMCID: PMC7028124 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy, with platinum-based chemotherapy remaining the mainstay for adjuvant treatment after surgery. The lack of indication for immunotherapy may at least in part result from the lack of suitable biomarkers allowing stratification of potentially responding patients. In this monocentric study of 141 cases with OC, we used real-time quantitative PCR to assess the expression of retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) in primary tumor and healthy ovarian control tissues. RIG-I expression was correlated to various clinicopathological characteristics as well as to a set of molecular and immunological markers. The prognostic significance of RIG-I expression was queried in univariate and multivariate analyses and validated in an independent cohort. RIG-I was overexpressed in the cancerous ovary and correlated with a higher tumor grade. The more aggressive Type-II cancers and cancers with inactivating p53 mutations exhibited higher RIG-I expression. RIG-I levels were also elevated in cancers that recurred after remission or were platinum-refractory. Survival analyses disclosed RIG-I as an independent marker of poor outcome in OC. Continuative analyses revealed the molecular and immunological correlates of RIG-I expression in the tumor microenvironment, including interferon production and a distinct immune-regulatory signature involving checkpoint molecules (PD-L1/PD-1), the RNA-editing enzyme ADAR1 and the regulatory T cell-specific transcription factor FoxP3. We conclude that high RIG-I expression associates with poor outcome in OC, which is explainable by local immunosuppression in the tumor bed. RIG-I expression may inform checkpoint blockade and/or RIG-I agonistic targeting in a subset of high-risk OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Wolf
- Internal Medicine VMedical University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
- Medical Clinic III, Oncology, Hematology, Immuno‐Oncology and RheumatologyUniversity Clinic BonnBonnGermany
| | - Heidi Fiegl
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsMedical University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - Alain G. Zeimet
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsMedical University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - Verena Wieser
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsMedical University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - Christian Marth
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsMedical University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - Susanne Sprung
- Department of PathologyMedical University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - Sieghart Sopper
- Internal Medicine VMedical University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
- Tyrolean Cancer Research InstituteInnsbruckAustria
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical PharmacologyUniversity Clinic BonnBonnGermany
| | - Daniel Reimer
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsMedical University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
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49
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Schneider KL, Kunst M, Leuchs AK, Böhme M, Weckbecker K, Kastenmüller K, Bleckwenn M, Holdenrieder S, Coch C, Hartmann G, Stingl JC. Phenprocoumon Dose Requirements, Dose Stability and Time in Therapeutic Range in Elderly Patients With CYP2C9 and VKORC1 Polymorphisms. Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1620. [PMID: 32047440 PMCID: PMC6997201 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dose requirements of vitamin K antagonists are associated with CYP2C9 and VKORC1, but, compared to warfarin, less data is available about phenprocoumon. Furthermore, the effects on dose stability and anticoagulation quality are still unclear. Methods Aim was to scrutinize phenprocoumon dose requirements, dose stability and anticoagulation quality in association to CYP2C9 and VKORC1 in a natural cohort of elderly primary care patients. As a subgroup within the IDrug study, phenprocoumon treated patients with at least two INR values within three months before enrollment (n = 209) were analyzed concerning average weekly dose, standard deviation of weekly dose (intra-subject variability), constant dose (yes/no), average INR and TTR grouped by CYP2C9 and VKORC1 (and combinations). Results Average weekly dose per patient was 14.4 ± 5.3 mg, 11.9 ± 4.0 mg and 11.2 ± 4.3 mg in CYP2C9 wildtypes, *2 and *3 carriers (p < .0001) and 16.0 ± 4.2 mg, 13.3 ± 5.1 mg and 8.0 ± 2.7 mg per week in VKORC1 CC, CT and TT genotypes, respectively (p < .0001). Significant differences concerning intra-subject variability were detected among all groups (p < .0001) with the smallest variability in CYP2C9*3 carriers. TTR medians were 75.4%, 79.4% and 100% in wildtypes, *2 and *3 carriers, respectively (p = 0.0464). The proportion of patients with perfect control was highest among *3 carriers, but this result was not significant (p = 0.0713). Discussion Our analyses support the results of previous investigations regarding genotype-associated dose requirements and raise the hypothesis that dose stability and anticoagulation quality may be increased in CYP2C9*3 carriers. However, our data should be treated cautiously due to the small sample size. Clinical Trial Registration German Clinical Trials Register, identifier DRKS00006256.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Luise Schneider
- Research Division, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices, Bonn, Germany.,Centre for Translational Medicine, Medical Faculty of the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Melanie Kunst
- Research Division, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ann-Kristin Leuchs
- Research Division, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices, Bonn, Germany
| | - Miriam Böhme
- Research Division, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices, Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Weckbecker
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty of the University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kathrin Kastenmüller
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Medical Faculty of the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus Bleckwenn
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Medical Faculty of the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Holdenrieder
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, German Heart Centre Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Coch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty of the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty of the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Julia Carolin Stingl
- Research Division, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices, Bonn, Germany.,Centre for Translational Medicine, Medical Faculty of the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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50
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Coch C, Viviani R, Breitfeld J, Münzer K, Dassler-Plencker J, Holdenrieder S, Coenen M, Steffens M, Müller M, Hartmann G, Stingl J. Interferon-beta-induced changes in neuroimaging phenotypes of appetitive motivation and reactivity to emotional salience. Neuroimage Clin 2019; 24:102020. [PMID: 31734534 PMCID: PMC6861625 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.102020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Treatment with interferon (IFN) has been associated with depressive side effects. Previous neuroimaging studies have provided information about changes in brain activation patterns in patients under treatment with IFN-alpha, but the effect of other IFNs, or the role of the underlying disease, has yet to be clarified. In the present fMRI study, we looked at brain changes after 8 days of IFN-beta treatment in N = =17 healthy volunteers, thus avoiding the possible confound of the effects of underlying pathology in studies of IFN-treated patients with neurological or other medical disorders. We followed a symptom dimensional approach by simultaneously investigating two distinct symptom domains of depressiveness: negative affect (amygdala) and appetitive motivation (ventral striatum). In these early phases of IFN treatment we detected a selective change in neural substrates of appetitive motivation, consistent with the predominant symptomatic change recorded in psychopathology ratings. In contrast, the fMRI phenotype of negative affect, which is known to characterize disorders of affect involving anxiety and depressiveness as well as individual vulnerability to depression, was unchanged after treatment. These findings suggest that IFN may induce an affective syndrome through a mechanism involving down-regulation of appetitive motivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Coch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Roberto Viviani
- Institute of Psychology, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Clinic III, University of Ulm, Leimgrubenweg 12, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Jörg Breitfeld
- Department of Research, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175 Bonn
| | - Katrin Münzer
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Juliane Dassler-Plencker
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Holdenrieder
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin Coenen
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Steffens
- Department of Research, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175 Bonn
| | - Marcus Müller
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Julia Stingl
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Wendlingweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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