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Besong EE, Akhigbe TM, Obimma JN, Obembe OO, Akhigbe RE. Acetate Abates Arsenic-Induced Male Reproductive Toxicity by Suppressing HDAC and Uric Acid-Driven Oxido-inflammatory NFkB/iNOS/NO Response in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2672-2687. [PMID: 37726447 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03860-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is associated with male reproductive toxicity through histone deacetylation and oxido-inflammatory injury. Notwithstanding, short-chain fatty acids such as acetate exert anti-oxido-inflammatory activities and inhibit histone deacetylation. This study investigated the impact of acetate on arsenic-induced male reproductive toxicity. Forty eight adult male Wistar rats were allotted into any of these four groups (n = 12 rats per group): vehicle-treated, sodium acetate-treated, arsenic-exposed, and arsenic-exposed + sodium acetate-treated. The results revealed that arsenic exposure prolonged the latencies of mount, intromission, and ejaculation and reduced the frequencies of mount, intromission, and ejaculation, as well as mating and fertility indices, litter size and weight, anogenital distance, anogenital index, and survival rate in male F1 offspring at weaning. Also, arsenic reduced the circulating levels of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and testosterone and testicular 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities. In addition, arsenic reduced the daily and total spermatid production, sperm count, motility, and viability but increased the percentage of sperm cells with abnormal morphology. Furthermore, arsenic increased testicular xanthine oxidase activity, uric acid, and malondialdehyde levels, and reduced glutathione content, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, total antioxidant capacity, and Nrf2 level. More so, arsenic exposure increased testicular iNOS activity and nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and NFkB levels as well as Bax, caspase 9, and caspase 3 activities, and reduced Bcl-2. These findings were associated with arsenic-induced increase in testicular arsenic concentration, histone deacetylase activity, and reduced testicular weight. Histopathological examination revealed that arsenic also disrupted testicular histoarchitecture, which was accompanied by altered testicular planimetry and reduced spermatogenic cells. Notwithstanding, sodium acetate alleviated arsenic-induced sexual dysfunction as well as biochemical and histological alterations. These were accompanied acetate-driven downregulation of histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity. Succinctly, acetate attenuated arsenic-induced male reproductive toxicity by suppressing HDAC and uric acid-driven oxido-inflammatory NFkB/iNOS/NO response.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E Besong
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - T M Akhigbe
- Breeding and Plant Genetics Unit, Department of Agronomy, Osun State University, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - J N Obimma
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - O O Obembe
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Osun State University, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - R E Akhigbe
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria.
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
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Walker MK, Lema C, Redfern R. Potential pro-inflammatory impact of scleral lens midday fogging on human corneal epithelial cells: An in vitro study. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2024:102187. [PMID: 38762441 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2024.102187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Midday fogging (MDF) occurs when particulate material accumulates in the fluid reservoir (FR) beneath scleral lenses (SL), and its impact on epithelial cells is unknown. This study examines the in vitro pro-inflammatory effect of the FR on human corneal epithelial cells in varying degrees of MDF. METHODS Normal SL neophytes were recruited to wear SL 8 h daily for 4 days. Following 8 h on days 1 and 4, optical coherence tomography (OCT) images were acquired for MDF quantification using ImageJ, and the FR was collected. FR samples from the same eye were later pooled, diluted 2-fold and applied on human telomerase-immortalized corneal epithelial (hTCEpi) cells cultured on Terasaki microwell plates. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and culture media were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. After a 30-minute treatment, the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway was measured by NF-κB-p65 immunofluorescence and images were analyzed with ImageJ. Pearson's correlation was conducted to determine the association between median nuclear fluorescence and MDF. RESULTS Fourteen FR samples with a mean volume of 22 ± 16 µl were tested. Mean MDF severity following 8 h of SL wear was 25 ± 17 units (range 7 - 64). The median nuclear fluorescence (NF-κB-p65 translocation) in cultured hTCEpi cells ranged from 31.43 to 45.16 while the negative and positive controls were 44.71 ± 1.72 and 108.77 ± 68.38, respectively. Although a potential positive trend between MDF and median nuclear fluorescence was observed, Pearson's correlation analysis revealed no significant association (r = +0.48, P = 0.09). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the FR can trigger NF-κB-p65 translocation in hTCEpi cells, which may be associated with MDF severity. This study introduces the use of Terasaki microwell plates for immunofluorescence studies of the FR. The technique is simple, minimizes sample usage, and does not require expensive instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria K Walker
- University of Houston, College of Optometry, The Ocular Surface Institute (TOSI), United States.
| | - Carolina Lema
- University of Houston, College of Optometry, The Ocular Surface Institute (TOSI), United States; University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS), United States
| | - Rachel Redfern
- University of Houston, College of Optometry, The Ocular Surface Institute (TOSI), United States
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Chavda VP, Chaudhari AZ, Balar PC, Gholap A, Vora LK. Phytoestrogens: Chemistry, potential health benefits, and their medicinal importance. Phytother Res 2024. [PMID: 38602108 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Phytoestrogens, also known as xenoestrogens, are secondary metabolites derived from plants that have similar structures and biological effects as human estrogens. These compounds do not directly affect biological functions but can act as agonists or antagonists depending on the level of endogenous estrogen in the body. Phytoestrogens may have an epigenetic mechanism of action independent of estrogen receptors. These compounds are found in more than 300 plant species and are synthesized through the phenylpropanoid pathway, with specific enzymes leading to various chemical structures. Phytoestrogens, primarily phenolic compounds, include isoflavonoids, flavonoids, stilbenes, and lignans. Extensive research in animals and humans has demonstrated the protective effects of phytoestrogens on estrogen-dependent diseases. Clinical trials have also shown their potential benefits in conditions such as osteoporosis, Parkinson's disease, and certain types of cancer. This review provides a concise overview of phytoestrogen classification, chemical diversity, and biosynthesis and discusses the potential therapeutic effects of phytoestrogens, as well as their preclinical and clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek P Chavda
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Amit Z Chaudhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Pankti C Balar
- Pharmacy section, L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Amol Gholap
- Department of Pharmaceutics, St. John Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Palghar, Maharashtra, India
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Eddy AC, Rajakumar A, Spradley FT, Granger JP, Rana S. Luteolin prevents TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation and ROS production in cultured human placental explants and endothelial cells. Placenta 2024; 145:65-71. [PMID: 38096686 PMCID: PMC10872317 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious hypertensive pregnancy disorder and a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Despite the prevalence and complications, there are no approved therapeutics to relieve PE symptoms. Inflammation, oxidative stress, and angiogenic imbalance have been shown to contribute to the PE pathophysiology, though there is a lack of understanding in how best to target these pathways in PE. We recently demonstrated that the bioflavonoid luteolin is a potent inhibitor of the anti-angiogenic and pro-hypertensive soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1), and here we aimed to determine if luteolin was also capable of reducing inflammation and oxidative stress pathways. METHODS Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, which is upregulated in PE, was utilized to stimulate these pathways in human placental explants and endothelial cells. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) and interleukin (IL)-6 in the media from explants and cells were measured via ELISA, and NF-κB localization and reactive oxygen species were detected via fluorescence microscopy. RESULTS Pretreatment with luteolin demonstrated significant reductions in NF-κB activation, reactive oxygen species, superoxide, and IL-6 and ET-1 expression in endothelial cells. We also saw a significant reduction in phosphorylation of NF-κB in human placental explants. DISCUSSION These data demonstrate that luteolin inhibits pathways implicated in the development of PE and should be explored further for its potential as a PE therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian C Eddy
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Frank T Spradley
- Department of Surgery and Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Joey P Granger
- Department of Physiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Sarosh Rana
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, IL, USA.
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Mohn C, Troncoso G, Ossola C, Bozzini C, Elverdin JC, Fernández-Solari J. Deleterious effect of chronic high-dose ethanol intake on biomechanical bone properties and periodontal status. Odontology 2023:10.1007/s10266-023-00872-3. [PMID: 38157109 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-023-00872-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of high-graduation chronic ethanol (EtOH) intake on bone and periodontal tissues of rats. Male Wistar rats (250 g) were divided into two groups of n = 12 each one. EtOH (5 ml of 3 g/kg) was administered to the experimental group by gastric gavage twice a day for 20 days and the control group received water under the same conditions. The rats were euthanized and used to perform biochemical determination in plasma and gingival tissue, and histological and biomechanical studies in the femur and mandibular tissues. Alcohol increased both TNFα (p < 0.01) and PGE2 (p < 0.05) in plasma and gingiva (p < 0.05) as compared to controls. In addition, EtOH increased the alveolar bone loss as evidenced by the increased distance between the cement enamel junction and the alveolar crest (p < 0.01), the lower % of interradicular bone expressed as bone area/total area (B.Ar/T.Ar, p < 0.05) and the larger periodontal space (p < 0.05), as compared to controls. Likewise, the mandibular microtomographic analysis in alcoholized rats revealed a lower % of interradicular bone volume/total volume (BV/TV, p < 0.05), greater trabecular separation (p < 0.05) and greater % trabecular porosity (p < 0.05) than controls. No biomechanical alteration was observed in lower jaws, while the femur of alcoholized rats presented a decrease in the structural bone properties (p < 0.001), as a systemic consequence of deterioration of the diaphyseal architecture (p < 0.01) without changes in material properties. The consumption of high doses of alcohol produces deleterious effects on periodontal tissues that could be due not only to local but also systemic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Mohn
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires, Marcelo T. de Alvear 2142, 3ºA, CABA, 1122, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Gastón Troncoso
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires, Marcelo T. de Alvear 2142, 3ºA, CABA, 1122, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cesar Ossola
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires, Marcelo T. de Alvear 2142, 3ºA, CABA, 1122, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Clarisa Bozzini
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires, Marcelo T. de Alvear 2142, 3ºA, CABA, 1122, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Carlos Elverdin
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires, Marcelo T. de Alvear 2142, 3ºA, CABA, 1122, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Javier Fernández-Solari
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires, Marcelo T. de Alvear 2142, 3ºA, CABA, 1122, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Wang L, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Li J, Lu X, Song J, Zhang L, Niu Q. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) participates in the aluminum-induced down-regulation of miR29a/b1. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 80:127309. [PMID: 37801786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have shown that aluminum (Al) is one of the environmental risk factors leading to Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Al exposure can cause elevated levels of BACE1mRNA, β-secretase (BACE1), and amyloid beta (Aβ) in vivo and in vitro. Previous studies by our research group have shown that this is partly caused by the negative regulation of BACE1 by miRNA29a/b1 (miR29a/b1). Despite the observed the role of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) on many miRNAs, the upstream regulation of NF-κB protein on miR29 remains poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to better define the relationship between NF-κB and miR29a/b1 and the potentially relevant signaling pathways. METHODS On the one hand, we constructed the animal model of Al exposure by the intraperitoneal injection of aluminum-maltolate (Al(mal)3) in rats. Conversely, NF- κB inhibitors were added to adrenal phaeochromocytoma (PC12) cells exposed to Al(mal)3. RESULTS We verified that NF-κB shows an increasing trend with Al accumulation in the brain of rats, which is accompanied by a downward trend of miR29a/b1. Notably, the suppression of NF-κB significantly increased miR29a/b1 and affected the expression of BACE1mRNA and downstream proteins. CONCLUSION Al-induced NF-κB can negatively regulate the expression of miR29a/b1, which then significantly enhances the expression of BACE1 and Aβ plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linping Wang
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China; Key Lab of Environmental Hazard and Health of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Medical University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis (Shanxi), Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jingqi Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China; Key Lab of Environmental Hazard and Health of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Medical University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis (Shanxi), Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China; Key Lab of Environmental Hazard and Health of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Medical University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis (Shanxi), Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 Shanxi Province, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China; Key Lab of Environmental Hazard and Health of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Medical University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis (Shanxi), Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 Shanxi Province, China
| | - Xiaoting Lu
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China; Key Lab of Environmental Hazard and Health of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Medical University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis (Shanxi), Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jing Song
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China; Key Lab of Environmental Hazard and Health of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Medical University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis (Shanxi), Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 Shanxi Province, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China; Key Lab of Environmental Hazard and Health of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Medical University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis (Shanxi), Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 Shanxi Province, China
| | - Qiao Niu
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China; Key Lab of Environmental Hazard and Health of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Medical University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis (Shanxi), Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 Shanxi Province, China.
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Bashkeran T, Kamaruddin AH, Ngo TX, Suda K, Umakoshi H, Watanabe N, Nadzir MM. Niosomes in cancer treatment: A focus on curcumin encapsulation. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18710. [PMID: 37593605 PMCID: PMC10428065 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is widely used as a therapeutic drug for cancer treatment. However, its limited absorption and rapid excretion are the major therapeutic limitations to its clinical use. Using niosomes as a curcumin delivery system is a cheap, easy, and less toxic strategy for enhancing the absorption of curcumin by cells and delaying its excretion. Thus, there is a vital need to explore curcumin niosomes to configure the curcumin to suitably serve and aid current pharmacokinetics in treatments for cancer. To date, no comprehensive review has focused on the cytotoxic effects of curcumin niosomes on malignant cells. Thus, this review provides a critical analysis of the curcumin niosomes in cancer treatment, formulations of curcumin niosomes, characterizations of curcumin niosomes, and factors influencing their performance. The findings from this review article can strongly accelerate the understanding of curcumin niosomes and pave a brighter direction towards advances in the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and medical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaaranni Bashkeran
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Azlina Harun Kamaruddin
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Trung Xuan Ngo
- Rohto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Basic Research Division, Research Village Kyoto, 6-5-4 Kunimidai, Kizugawa, Kyoto, 619-0216, Japan
| | - Kazuma Suda
- Rohto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Basic Research Division, Research Village Kyoto, 6-5-4 Kunimidai, Kizugawa, Kyoto, 619-0216, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Umakoshi
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Nozomi Watanabe
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Masrina Mohd Nadzir
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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Wang YF, Zheng Y, Feng Y, Chen H, Dai SX, Wang Y, Xu M. Comparative Analysis of Active Ingredients and Potential Bioactivities of Essential Oils from Artemisia argyi and A. verlotorum. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093927. [PMID: 37175336 PMCID: PMC10180244 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Artemisia argyi H. Lév. and Vaniot is a variety of Chinese mugwort widely cultured in central China. A. verlotorum Lamotte, another variety of Chinese mugwort, has been used in the southern region of China since ancient times. Despite their similar uses in traditional medicine, little is known about the differences in their active ingredients and potential benefits. Herein, the chemical compositions of the essential oils (EOs) from both varieties were analyzed using chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A series of databases, such as the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database (TCMSP), SuperPred database and R tool, were applied to build a networking of the EOs. Our results revealed significant differences in the chemical compositions of the two Artemisia EOs. However, we found that they shared similar ingredient-target-pathway networking with diverse bioactivities, such as neuroprotective, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory. Furthermore, our protein connection networking analysis showed that transcription factor p65 (RELA), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha (PIK3R1) and mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) are crucial for the biological activity of Artemisia EOs. Our findings provided evidence for the use of A. verlotorum as Chinese mugwort in southern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Fen Wang
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yang Feng
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Shao-Xing Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Min Xu
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming 650500, China
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Zhang Y, Xun H, Gao Q, Qi F, Sun J, Tang F. Chemical Constituents of the Mushroom Dictyophora indusiata and Their Anti-Inflammatory Activities. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062760. [PMID: 36985732 PMCID: PMC10052543 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
As an edible and medicinal fungus, Dictyophora indusiata is well-known for its morphological elegance, distinctive taste, high nutritional value, and therapeutic properties. In this study, eighteen compounds (1-18) were isolated and identified from the ethanolic extract of D. indusiata; four (1-4) were previously undescribed. Their molecular structures and absolute configurations were determined via a comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic data (1D/2D NMR, HRESIMS, ECD, and XRD). Seven isolated compounds were examined for their anti-inflammatory activities using an in vitro model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-simulated BV-2 microglial cells. Compound 3 displayed the strongest inhibitory effect on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression, with an IC50 value of 11.9 μM. Compound 16 exhibited the highest inhibitory activity on interleukin-6 (IL-6) production, with an IC50 value of 13.53 μM. Compound 17 showed the most potent anti-inflammatory capacity by inhibiting the LPS-induced generation of nitric oxide (NO) (IC50: 10.86 μM) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) (IC50: 23.9 μM) and by significantly suppressing induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and phosphorylated nuclear factor-kappa B inhibitor-α (p-IκB-α) expression at concentrations of 5 μM and 20 μM, respectively (p < 0.01). The modes of interactions between the isolated compounds and the target inflammation-related proteins were investigated in a preliminary molecular docking study. These results provided insight into the chemodiversity and potential anti-inflammatory activities of metabolites with small molecular weights in the mushroom D. indusiata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Hang Xun
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Quan Gao
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products, School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Feifei Qi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Jia Sun
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
- Eurofins Agroscience Services, Hercules, CA 94547, USA
| | - Feng Tang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
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Anti-inflammatory and relaxation effects of Ulmus pumilla L. on EGF-inflamed bronchial epithelial and asthmatic bronchial smooth muscle cells. Mol Cell Toxicol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-022-00328-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Identifying Hub Genes and Immune Cell Infiltration for the Progression of Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaques in the Context of Predictive and Preventive Using Integrative Bioinformatics Approaches and Machine-Learning Strategies. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:7657379. [PMID: 36304068 PMCID: PMC9596267 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7657379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence shows that carotid atherosclerosis is related to the activation of immune-related pathways and inflammatory cell infiltration. However, the immune-linked pathways that helped in the advancement of the carotid atherosclerotic plaque and the association of such plaques with the infiltration status of the body's immune cells still unclear. Here, the expression profiles of the genes expressed during the progression of the carotid atherosclerotic plaques were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and 178 differentially expressed genes were examined. The Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis technique identified one of the brown modules showed the greatest correlation with carotid atherosclerotic plaques. In total, 66 intersecting genes could be detected after combining the DEGs. LASSO regression analysis was subsequently performed to obtain five hub genes as potential biomarkers for carotid atherosclerotic plaques. The functional analysis emphasized the vital roles played by the inflammation- and immune system-related pathways in this disease. The immune cell infiltration results highlighted the significant correlation among the CD4+ T cells, B cells, macrophages, and CD8+ T cells. Thereafter, the gene expression levels and the diagnostic values related to every hub gene were further validated. The above results indicated that macrophages, B cells, CD4+ T cells, and CD8 + T cells were closely related to the formation of the advanced-stage carotid atherosclerotic plaques. Based on the results, it could be hypothesized that the expression of hub genes (C3AR1, SLAMF8, TMEM176A, FERMT3, and GIMAP4) assisted in the advancement of the early-stage to advanced-stage carotid atherosclerotic plaque through immune-related signaling pathways. This may help to provide novel strategies for the treatment of carotid plaque in the context of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine.
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Shah MD, Venmathi Maran BA, Shaleh SRM, Zuldin WH, Gnanaraj C, Yong YS. Therapeutic Potential and Nutraceutical Profiling of North Bornean Seaweeds: A Review. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:101. [PMID: 35200631 PMCID: PMC8879771 DOI: 10.3390/md20020101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Malaysia has a long coastline surrounded by various islands, including North Borneo, that provide a suitable environment for the growth of diverse species of seaweeds. Some of the important North Bornean seaweed species are Kappaphycus alvarezii, Eucheuma denticulatum, Halymenia durvillaei (Rhodophyta), Caulerpa lentillifera, Caulerpa racemosa (Chlorophyta), Dictyota dichotoma and Sargassum polycystum (Ochrophyta). This review aims to highlight the therapeutic potential of North Bornean seaweeds and their nutraceutical profiling. North Bornean seaweeds have demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, cardiovascular protective, neuroprotective, renal protective and hepatic protective potentials. The protective roles of the seaweeds might be due to the presence of a wide variety of nutraceuticals, including phthalic anhydride, 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene, 2-pentylthiophene, furoic acid (K. alvarezii), eicosapentaenoic acid, palmitoleic acid, fucoxanthin, β-carotene (E. denticulatum), eucalyptol, oleic acid, dodecanal, pentadecane (H. durvillaei), canthaxanthin, oleic acid, pentadecanoic acid, eicosane (C. lentillifera), pseudoephedrine, palmitic acid, monocaprin (C. racemosa), dictyohydroperoxide, squalene, fucosterol, saringosterol (D. dichotoma), and lutein, neophytadiene, cholest-4-en-3-one and cis-vaccenic acid (S. polycystum). Extensive studies on the seaweed isolates are highly recommended to understand their bioactivity and mechanisms of action, while highlighting their commercialization potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Dawood Shah
- Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia; (B.A.V.M.); (S.R.M.S.); (W.H.Z.)
| | - Balu Alagar Venmathi Maran
- Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia; (B.A.V.M.); (S.R.M.S.); (W.H.Z.)
| | - Sitti Raehanah Muhamad Shaleh
- Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia; (B.A.V.M.); (S.R.M.S.); (W.H.Z.)
| | - Wahidatul Husna Zuldin
- Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia; (B.A.V.M.); (S.R.M.S.); (W.H.Z.)
| | - Charles Gnanaraj
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh 30450, Perak, Malaysia;
| | - Yoong Soon Yong
- Laboratory Center, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang 43900, Selangor, Malaysia;
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Zhao Y, Zhang R, Mu L, Yang W, Zhang X, Han L, Lv C, Lu J. Total flavonoids in Epimedium koreanum Nakai alleviated chronic renal failure via promoting AMPK activation. Food Funct 2022; 13:904-919. [PMID: 34994765 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03494d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a result of the progression of chronic kidney diseases (CKD), a global health problem with a high cost of treatment and no ideal therapy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the pharmacological efficacy of the total flavonoids in Epimedium koreanum Nakai (TFE), a dietary supplement, against CRF and to determine the mechanism of actions. An adenine-induced CRF rat model and a TGF-β1 induced human kidney proximal tubule epithelial (HK-2) cell based in vitro renal fibrosis model were established and used to evaluate TFE's efficacy. Renal hemodynamics, biochemical indexes, inflammatory cytokines, histopathology and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were determined to evaluate the efficacy of TFE on CRF. NMR-based metabolomics, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, immunofluorescence (IF) staining, quantitative real time-PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blotting were conducted to determine the mechanism. The results showed that TFE had a significant effect on CRF at 150 mg kg-1 d-1 and could significantly alleviate renal fibrosis in the animal model. Twelve potential biomarkers, which mainly involve energy metabolism pathways, for CRF were identified using the metabolomics approach. The mechanism study suggested that TFE regulated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and AMPK/silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1)/nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathways. Furthermore, the effect of TFE was inhibited by compound C in the in vitro experiment, which also confirmed the above conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudan Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| | - Ruiqi Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| | - Lintong Mu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| | - Wanyue Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| | - Ling Han
- NERC for the Pharmaceutics of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Benxi 117004, PR China
| | - Chongning Lv
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China. .,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Resources Conservation and Development, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Jincai Lu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China. .,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Resources Conservation and Development, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
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Miao Z, Miao Z, Wang S, Wu H, Xu S. Exposure to imidacloprid induce oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, apoptosis and mitophagy via NF-kappaB/JNK pathway in grass carp hepatocytes. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 120:674-685. [PMID: 34954370 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Imidacloprid (IMI) is a neonicotinoid compound widely used in agriculture production, causing surface water pollution and threatening non-target organisms. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of IMI on grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) liver cell (L8824) injury. The L8824 cells were exposed to different doses of IMI (65 mg/L, 130 mg/L and 260 mg/L) for 24 h. Our results demonstrated that exposure IMI significantly suppressed the activity of anti-oxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT and T-AOC) and accumulated oxidase (MDA) levels, and promoting reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in L8824 cells. Additionally, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ m), mitochondria-derived ROS and ATP content and the MitoTracker Green indicated that IMI aggravated mitochondrial dysfunction, thereby inducing inflammation and enhancing pro-inflammatory genes (NF-kappaB, TNFα, IL-1β and IL-6) expressions. However, the addition of 2 mM N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) can reverse these adverse effects of high-dose IMI- induced. Hence, ROS is the main factor of IMI-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation. We further found that exposure to IMI induced apoptosis, which is characterized by promoting release of cytochrome c (Cyt-C), and increasing the expression of Bcl-2-Associated X (BAX), cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinases (Caspase 9 and 3), decreasing Bcl-2 level. Immunofluorescent staining, qRT-PCR and Western Blot results indicated that IMI exposure also activated mitophagy, which was demonstrated by the expression of mitophagy-related genes (BNIP3, LC3B and P62). Conversely, scavenging JNK by SP600125(10 μM) alleviated the expression of mitochondrial apoptosis and mitophagy-related gene induced by high-dose IMI. Therefore, these results of study demonstrated that IMI-induced oxidative stress to regulate mitochondrial dysfunction, thus causing inflammation, mitochondrial apoptosis and mitophagy in grass carp hepatocytes through NF-kappaB/JNK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiruo Miao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiying Miao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengchen Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
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Wei-Yun B, Cailin Z. Genistein ameliorates hyperuricemia-associated nephropathy in hyperuricemic mice. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2021.1996540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bi Wei-Yun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Skills Training Center, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhu Cailin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
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Ullah HMA, Kwon TH, Park S, Kim SD, Rhee MH. Isoleucilactucin Ameliorates Coal Fly Ash-Induced Inflammation through the NF-κB and MAPK Pathways in MH-S Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179506. [PMID: 34502415 PMCID: PMC8430556 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether isoleucilactucin, an active constituent of Ixeridium dentatum, reduces inflammation caused by coal fly ash (CFA) in alveolar macrophages (MH-S). The anti-inflammatory effects of isoleucilactucin were assessed by measuring the concentration of nitric oxide (NO) and the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators in MH-S cells exposed to CFA-induced inflammation. We found that isoleucilactucin reduced CFA-induced NO generation dose-dependently in MH-S cells. Moreover, isoleucilactucin suppressed CFA-activated proinflammatory mediators, including cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) and inducible NO synthase (iNOS), and the proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-(IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α). The inhibiting properties of isoleucilactucin on the nuclear translocation of phosphorylated nuclear factor-kappa B (p-NF-κB) were observed. The effects of isoleucilactucin on the NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways were also measured in CFA-stimulated MH-S cells. These results indicate that isoleucilactucin suppressed CFA-stimulated inflammation in MH-S cells by inhibiting the NF-κB and MAPK pathways, which suggest it might exert anti-inflammatory properties in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. M. Arif Ullah
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (H.M.A.U.); (S.D.K.)
| | - Tae-Hyung Kwon
- Department of Research and Development, Chuncheon Bio-Industry Foundation (CBF), Chuncheon 24232, Korea
- Correspondence: (T.-H.K.); (M.H.R.); Tel.: +82-33-258-6993 (T.-H.K.); +82-53-950-5967 (M.H.R.)
| | - SeonJu Park
- Chuncheon Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
| | - Sung Dae Kim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (H.M.A.U.); (S.D.K.)
| | - Man Hee Rhee
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (H.M.A.U.); (S.D.K.)
- Correspondence: (T.-H.K.); (M.H.R.); Tel.: +82-33-258-6993 (T.-H.K.); +82-53-950-5967 (M.H.R.)
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17
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Mehmood A, Zhao L, Ishaq M, Xin W, Zhao L, Wang C, Hossen I, Zhang H, Lian Y, Xu M. Anti-hyperuricemic potential of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) residue extract in hyperuricemic mice. Food Funct 2021; 11:6387-6406. [PMID: 32613954 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02246e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia (HUA) is considered a potent risk factor for the development of gout, renal failure, and cardiovascular disease. The current project was designed to use stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) byproduct, named stevia residue extract (STVRE), for the treatment of HUA. Male Kunming mice were divided into six groups: normal control, model control, positive control (allopurinol, 5 mg per kg body weight [bw]), STVRE-1 (75 mg per kg bw), STVRE-2 (150 mg per kg bw), and STVRE-3 (300 mg per kg bw). HUA was induced by the administration of potassium oxonate (100 mg per kg bw), fructose (10% w/v), and yeast extract (100 mg per kg bw) for 8 weeks. STVRE significantly (p < 0.05) decreased uric acid (UA) production and ameliorated UA excretion by interacting with urate transporters. The STVRE remarkably attenuated oxidative stress mediated by UA and downregulated inflammatory-related response markers such as COX-2, NF-κB, PGE2, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Furthermore, STVRE also reversed HUA-induced abnormalities in kidneys compared with the MC group. The results of our study suggest that STVRE has potential to attenuate hyperuricemia and renal protective effects, and may be used as a natural supplement for the possible treatment of UA-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Mehmood
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives School of Food and Chemical Technology, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
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Zhang Y, Yi W, Xia H, Lan H, Chen J, Yang Z, Han F, Tang P, Liu B. A20 regulates inflammation through autophagy mediated by NF-κB pathway in human nucleus pulposus cells and ameliorates disc degeneration in vivo. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 549:179-186. [PMID: 33677390 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.02.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is closely related to loss of the extracellular matrix (ECM), apoptosis and inflammation in nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs). It has been reported that Zinc finger protein A20/TNFAIP3 (A20) can inhibit the activity of the NF-κB pathway and promote autophagy. Therefore, we speculated that A20 can regulate inflammation and ameliorate IDD through autophagy mediated by NF-κB in human NPCs. Our results indicated that the expression of A20 and inflammatory factors in IDD tissues was increased. A20 is an essential negative regulator in the NF-κB pathway. Constructed adenoviral shRNA and overexpression vectors for A20 could effectively regulate the inflammation, autophagy, and activity of NF-κB, which in turn affected the progression of IDD. Inhibition of NF-κB on the basis of knocking down A20 results in increased autophagy, suggesting that A20-regulated autophagy was mediated by NF-κB. In vivo, A20 overexpression could ameliorate the progression of IDD and promote autophagy at the same time, while deletion of A20 leads to low levels of autophagy and severe degeneration. In summary, A20 plays an important role in inhibiting inflammation through autophagy mediated by NF-κB in NPCs and ameliorating IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Weiwei Yi
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Huiqiang Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Haiyang Lan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Zhijie Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Fei Han
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Pan Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China.
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Zheng L, Tang R, Shi L, Zhong M, Zhou Z. Vagus nerve stimulation ameliorates L-NAME-induced preeclampsia-like symptoms in rats through inhibition of the inflammatory response. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2021; 21:177. [PMID: 33663436 PMCID: PMC7934243 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-021-03650-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Preeclampsia is characterized by an excessive inflammatory response. Recent studies have shown that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has anti-inflammatory properties in vivo. This study aims to investigate whether VNS is safe for use during pregnancy and to explore the therapeutic potential and underlying mechanisms of VNS in PE. Methods Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly chosen to receive N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-containing water (preeclampsia-like mouse model) or saline (normal pregnancy control) daily at gestational days 14.5–20.5. VNS and the α7nAChR antagonist methyllycaconitine citrate (MLA, 1 mg/kg/d) were given daily at the same time. Results VNS decreased the high systolic blood pressure and urinary protein observed in the PE rats. In addition, VNS mitigated abnormal pregnancy outcomes. Moreover, VNS alleviated the inflammatory response by decreasing the levels of inflammatory cytokines. VNS significantly increased the expression of α7nAChR and attenuated the activation of NF-κB p65 in the placenta. Discussion Our findings indicate that maternal VNS treatment is safe during pregnancy and has a protective effect in a pregnant rat model of preeclampsia induced by L-NAME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linmei Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Rong Tang
- Department of department of General Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Obstetrics, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China.
| | - Mei Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhongyi Zhou
- Department of ICU, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
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Association between dietary flavonoid intakes and C-reactive protein levels: a cross-sectional study in Taiwan. J Nutr Sci 2021; 10:e15. [PMID: 33889398 PMCID: PMC8057367 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2021.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the intake of specific flavonoid-rich foods may reduce C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, the association between dietary flavonoid intakes and CRP is inconsistent. We aim to describe dietary flavonoid intakes in a Taiwanese nationally representative sample and to investigate the association between flavonoid intakes and CRP. We conducted a cross-sectional study based on 2592 adults from the Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan 2005–8. Flavonoid intakes were estimated by linking the 24-h dietary recall with the U.S. Department of Agriculture flavonoid database and divided into quartiles. Adjusted estimates of the flavonoid intakes for the continuous and binary (elevated CRP: >0⋅3 mg/dl) variables were performed by using general linear and logistic regression. We found that tea, orange, tofu and sweet potato leaves/water spinach constituted the major food items of the total flavonoid intake. The total flavonoid intake was lower among women and elderly. Compared with the lowest total flavonoid intake quartile, participants in higher quartiles were associated with a lower CRP status (adjusted odds ratio (OR): 0⋅61, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 0⋅44–0⋅86 for the highest quartiles). The trends were similar for flavonol and flavan-3-ol intakes. Compared with non-consumers, tea consumers were likely to have a lower CRP status (adjusted OR: 0⋅74, 95 % CI: 0⋅57–0⋅97). In brief, a higher total flavonoid intake and tea consumption were inversely associated with CRP levels, indicating that a high-flavonoid diet may contribute to anti-inflammatory effects. A Taiwanese flavonoid content table is necessary for conducting further studies related to flavonoids in Taiwan.
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Key Words
- BMI, body mass index
- C-reactive protein
- CI, confidence interval
- CRP, C-reactive protein
- Cross-sectional study
- DBP, diastolic blood pressure
- FDB-EXP, USDA's Expanded Flavonoid Database for the Assessment of Dietary Intakes
- Flavonoid-rich foods
- Flavonoids
- HDL, high-density lipoprotein
- LDL, low-density lipoprotein
- NAHSIT 2005-8, Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan 2005–2008
- OR, odds ratio
- SBP, systolic blood pressure
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Abd El-Hameed AM. Polydatin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles ameliorates early diabetic nephropathy by attenuating oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 19:1599-1607. [PMID: 33520856 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00699-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In various developed countries, diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the principal cause of end-stage kidney disease and a main reason of injury and mortality in individuals with renal morbidity worldwide. Polydatin (POL) has been evaluated as a potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and a nephroprotective agent. In spite of this, the possible benefits and protective effects of POL on early diabetic nephropathy are not quite clarified. For the effective clearance from the body besides safe drug delivery, biodegradable nanoparticles have interesting attraction. This work was designed to evaluate the positive effect and possible mechanisms of Polydatin-loaded Chitosan-Nanoparticles (POL-NPs) on early DN in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Followed the induction of diabetes, rats classified into four groups, diabetic control and diabetic rats treated daily and orally with; POL, Polydatin-loaded chitosan-Nanoparticles (POL-NPs), plus normal control rats. Our findings showed that diabetic group presented a significant high level of the blood glucose, blood glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum insulin, renal function related parameters, renal Advanced glycation-end products (AGEs) and lipid peroxidation level compared to normal control rats, while serum albumin level and the activities of renal antioxidant enzymes were significantly decreased. Moreover, in the kidney of diabetic rat mRNA expression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) were up-regulated. Besides, increase in serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-18) and decrease in anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10). POL and POL-NPs supplementation were significantly attenuate the above-mention results and returned the normal equilibrium between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, POL and POL-NPs have antidiabetic effect, suppresses oxidative stress and mitigates renal inflammation through inhibition of NF-κB in diabetic kidney in early progressive DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer M Abd El-Hameed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Biochemistry Division, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawara, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Ferrara F, Vitiello A. Efficacy of synthetic glucocorticoids in COVID-19 endothelites. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2021; 394:1003-1007. [PMID: 33443616 PMCID: PMC7807216 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-021-02049-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Since March 2020, the world has been fighting a global pandemic caused by a new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for severe acute respiratory syndrome, an airway disease that can be severe and fatal in a percentage of cases. Patients with severe COVID-19 can develop extrapulmonary lesions, with renal, hepatic, cardiac, neurological, and tissue involvement that can cause further severe complications. On December 21, 2021, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) authorized the marketing of the first COVID-19 vaccine. However, several randomized trials are ongoing to find effective, safe, and widely available treatments. The most severe stages of COVID-19 infection are characterized by a multi-system inflammatory state induced by a cytokine storm causing multi-organ injury. Epidemiologic evidence has shown that glucocorticoids (GCs), particularly dexamethasone, are used in severe, hospitalized patients with COVID-19 with good therapeutic benefit. COVID-19 can also damage the endothelial system, causing microcirculatory disturbances and consequently leading to functional organ disorders. The combination of endothelial dysfunction with a generalized inflammatory state may contribute to the general pro-coagulative state described in patients with COVID-19 with increased risk of venous and arterial occlusions. The aim of this article is to describe the therapeutic utility of GCs in stabilizing the vascular endothelial barrier in COVID-19 infection. Indeed, we believe that the stabilization of the endothelial barrier and the anti-inflammatory effect of GCs could be the main effect underlying the therapeutic efficacy in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Ferrara
- Usl Umbria 1, Pharmaceutical Department, A.Migliorati Street, 06132, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Antonio Vitiello
- Usl Umbria 1, Pharmaceutical Department, Via XIV Settembre, 06132, Perugia, Italy
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23
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Shakoor H, Feehan J, Al Dhaheri AS, Ali HI, Platat C, Ismail LC, Apostolopoulos V, Stojanovska L. Immune-boosting role of vitamins D, C, E, zinc, selenium and omega-3 fatty acids: Could they help against COVID-19? Maturitas 2021; 143:1-9. [PMID: 33308613 PMCID: PMC7415215 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The world is currently in the grips of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which has mutated to allow human-to-human spread. Infection can cause fever, dry cough, fatigue, severe pneumonia, respiratory distress syndrome and in some instances death. COVID-19 affects the immune system by producing a systemic inflammatory response, or cytokine release syndrome. Patients with COVID-19 have shown a high level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. There are currently no effective anti-SARS-CoV-2 viral drugs or vaccines. COVID-19 disproportionately affects the elderly, both directly, and through a number of significant age-related comorbidities. Undoubtedly, nutrition is a key determinant of maintaining good health. Key dietary components such as vitamins C, D, E, zinc, selenium and the omega 3 fatty acids have well-established immunomodulatory effects, with benefits in infectious disease. Some of these nutrients have also been shown to have a potential role in the management of COVID-19. In this paper, evidence surrounding the role of these dietary components in immunity as well as their specific effect in COVID-19 patients are discussed. In addition, how supplementation of these nutrients may be used as therapeutic modalities potentially to decrease the morbidity and mortality rates of patients with COVID-19 is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hira Shakoor
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, College of Food and Agriculture, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jack Feehan
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia,Department of Medicine, Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ayesha S. Al Dhaheri
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, College of Food and Agriculture, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates
| | - Habiba I. Ali
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, College of Food and Agriculture, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates
| | - Carine Platat
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, College of Food and Agriculture, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates
| | - Leila Cheikh Ismail
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Lily Stojanovska
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, College of Food and Agriculture, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates; Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.
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24
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Cui Z, Kang H, Grandis JR, Johnson DE. CYLD Alterations in the Tumorigenesis and Progression of Human Papillomavirus-Associated Head and Neck Cancers. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 19:14-24. [PMID: 32883697 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Genetic alterations of CYLD lysine 63 deubiquitinase (CYLD), a tumor-suppressor gene encoding a deubiquitinase (DUB) enzyme, are associated with the formation of tumors in CYLD cutaneous syndrome. Genome sequencing efforts have revealed somatic CYLD alterations in multiple human cancers. Moreover, in cancers commonly associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection (e.g., head and neck squamous cell carcinoma), CYLD alterations are preferentially observed in the HPV-positive versus HPV-negative form of the disease. The CYLD enzyme cleaves K63-linked polyubiquitin from substrate proteins, resulting in the disassembly of key protein complexes and the inactivation of growth-promoting signaling pathways, including pathways mediated by NF-κB, Wnt/β-catenin, and c-Jun N-terminal kinases. Loss-of-function CYLD alterations lead to aberrant activation of these signaling pathways, promoting tumorigenesis and malignant transformation. This review summarizes the association and potential role of CYLD somatic mutations in HPV-positive cancers, with particular emphasis on the role of these alterations in tumorigenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Potential therapeutic strategies for patients whose tumors harbor CYLD alterations are also discussed. IMPLICATIONS: Alterations in CYLD gene are associated with HPV-associated cancers, contribute to NF-κB activation, and are implicated in invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Cui
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
| | - Hyunseok Kang
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Jennifer R Grandis
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Daniel E Johnson
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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25
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Chen P, Ruan A, Zhou J, Huang L, Zhang X, Ma Y, Wang Q. Cinnamic Aldehyde Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Chondrocyte Inflammation and Reduces Cartilage Degeneration by Blocking the Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:949. [PMID: 32848721 PMCID: PMC7419651 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), as one of the top 10 causes of physical disability, is characterized by inflammation of the synovial membrane and progressive destruction of the articular cartilage. Cinnamic aldehyde (CA), an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde extracted from the traditional Chinese herbal medicine cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum J.Presl), has been reported to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. However, the anti-inflammatory effect of CA on OA remains unclear. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of CA on inflammation, and cartilage degeneration in OA. A CCK-8 assay was performed to assess the potential toxicity of CA on cultured human OA chondrocytes. Following treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and CA, the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alfa (TNF-α), was evaluated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blotting (WB). The production of matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS-5) was also examined using RT-qPCR and WB. Furthermore, to investigate the potential anti-inflammatory mechanism of CA, biomarkers of the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway (p65, IKB-α) were detected using WB. The results demonstrated that CA significantly inhibited the expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MMP-13, and ADAMTS-5 in LPS-induced OA chondrocytes. CA dramatically suppressed LPS-stimulated NF-κB activation. Collectively, these results suggest that CA treatment may effectively prevent OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Chen
- Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Anmin Ruan
- Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liuwei Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhe Zhang
- Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yufeng Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - QingFu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
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26
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Anirudhan A, Paramasivam P, Murugesan R, Ahmed SSSJ. Temporal changes of NF-κB signaling pathway genes in bacterial stimulated whole blood- a host mechanism associated with sepsis. Microb Pathog 2020; 147:104415. [PMID: 32738283 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial sepsis affects both neonates and adults worldwide. There is no specific anti-sepsis treatment. Disease management mainly depends on early diagnosis. The gold standard blood culturing method is routinely practiced; it requires 24-48 h for confirmation. Understanding the disease mechanism may help in the early detection of sepsis. We studied the temporal change in NF-kB pathway genes in adult whole blood upon bacterial stimulations across time intervals (2-6 h). Four experimental conditions were investigated (1: Gram-positive, 2: Gram-negative, 3: Gram-positive + Gram-negative stimulated and compared with 4: un-stimulated group) to show host selection of canonical or non-canonical pathway against invading pathogens. Gene expression analysis showed significant variations (p < 0.5) in TLR2, TLR4, TRAF6, NIK, RelA, and RelB upon bacterial stimulants. Further, the correlation analysis showed the coherent behaviour of genes in selecting the canonical or non-canonical pathway. TLR2 sensed by gram-positive bacteria that immediately activates the canonical pathway through RelA, whereas other bacterial stimulants activate the non-canonical pathway via TLR4, NIK, and RelB. In addition, the inflammatory markers showed a significant increase in response to bacterial stimulants, suggesting the immediate activation of innate immunity. Overall, our results show the bacterial specific and time-dependent activation of the NF-kB pathway, which through a light towards the early detection of bacterial sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athira Anirudhan
- Multi-omics and Drug Discovery Lab, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prabu Paramasivam
- Department of Cell& Molecular Biology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ram Murugesan
- Multi-omics and Drug Discovery Lab, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shiek S S J Ahmed
- Multi-omics and Drug Discovery Lab, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamil Nadu, India.
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27
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Srivastava SP, Goodwin JE. Cancer Biology and Prevention in Diabetes. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061380. [PMID: 32498358 PMCID: PMC7349292 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The available evidence suggests a complex relationship between diabetes and cancer. Epidemiological data suggest a positive correlation, however, in certain types of cancer, a more complex picture emerges, such as in some site-specific cancers being specific to type I diabetes but not to type II diabetes. Reports share common and differential mechanisms which affect the relationship between diabetes and cancer. We discuss the use of antidiabetic drugs in a wide range of cancer therapy and cancer therapeutics in the development of hyperglycemia, especially antineoplastic drugs which often induce hyperglycemia by targeting insulin/IGF-1 signaling. Similarly, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4), a well-known target in type II diabetes mellitus, has differential effects on cancer types. Past studies suggest a protective role of DPP-4 inhibitors, but recent studies show that DPP-4 inhibition induces cancer metastasis. Moreover, molecular pathological mechanisms of cancer in diabetes are currently largely unclear. The cancer-causing mechanisms in diabetes have been shown to be complex, including excessive ROS-formation, destruction of essential biomolecules, chronic inflammation, and impaired healing phenomena, collectively leading to carcinogenesis in diabetic conditions. Diabetes-associated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) contribute to cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) formation in tumors, allowing the epithelium and endothelium to enable tumor cell extravasation. In this review, we discuss the risk of cancer associated with anti-diabetic therapies, including DPP-4 inhibitors and SGLT2 inhibitors, and the role of catechol-o-methyltransferase (COMT), AMPK, and cell-specific glucocorticoid receptors in cancer biology. We explore possible mechanistic links between diabetes and cancer biology and discuss new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swayam Prakash Srivastava
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8064, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8066, USA
- Correspondence: (S.P.S.); (J.E.G.)
| | - Julie E. Goodwin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8064, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8066, USA
- Correspondence: (S.P.S.); (J.E.G.)
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28
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Hrčková G, Kubašková TM, Reiterová K, Biedermann D. Co-administration of silymarin elevates the therapeutic effect of praziquantel through modulation of specific antibody profiles, Th1/Th2/Tregs cytokines and down-regulation of fibrogenesis in mice with Mesocestoides vogae (Cestoda) infection. Exp Parasitol 2020; 213:107888. [PMID: 32259552 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2020.107888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Silymarin (SIL) represents a natural mixture of polyphenols showing an array of health benefits. The present study, carried out on a model cestode infection induced by Mesocestoides vogae tetrathyridia in the ICR strain of mice, was aimed at investigating the impact of SIL as adjunct therapy on the activity of praziquantel (PZQ) in relation to parasite burden, immunity and liver fibrosis within 20 days post-therapy. In comparison with PZQ alone, co-administration of SIL and PZQ stimulated production of total IgG antibodies to somatic and excretory-secretory antigens of metacestodes and modified the expression patterns of immunogenic molecules in both antigenic preparations. The combined therapy resulted in the elevation of IFN-γ and a decline of TNF-α and TGF-β1 in serum as compared to untreated group; however, SIL attenuated significantly the effect of PZQ on IL-4 and stimulated PZQ-suppressed phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages. In the liver, SIL boosted the effect of PZQ on gene expression of the same cytokines in a similar way as was found in serum, except for down-regulation of PZQ-stimulated TNF-α. Compared to PZQ therapy, the infiltration of mast cells into liver after SIL co-administration was nearly abolished and correlated with suppressed activities of genes for collagen I, collagen III and α-SMA. In conclusion, co-administration of SIL modified the effects of PZQ therapy on antigenic stimulation of the immune system and modulated Th1/Th2/Tregs cytokines. In liver this was accompanied by reduced fibrosis, which correlated with significantly higher reduction of total numbers of tetrathyridia after combined therapy as compared with PZQ treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Hrčková
- Institute of Parasitology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 04001, Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Terézia Mačák Kubašková
- Institute of Parasitology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 04001, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Katarína Reiterová
- Institute of Parasitology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 04001, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - David Biedermann
- Laboratory of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 14220, Prague, Czech Republic
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29
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Calcineurin Controls Expression of EAAT1/GLAST in Mouse and Human Cultured Astrocytes through Dynamic Regulation of Protein Synthesis and Degradation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062213. [PMID: 32210081 PMCID: PMC7139922 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the expression of glutamate/aspartate transporter (GLAST) have been associated with several neuropathological conditions including Alzheimer's disease and epilepsy. However, the mechanisms by which GLAST expression is altered are poorly understood. Here we used a combination of pharmacological and genetic approaches coupled with quantitative PCR and Western blot to investigate the mechanism of the regulation of GLAST expression by a Ca2+/calmodulin-activated phosphatase calcineurin (CaN). We show that treatment of cultured hippocampal mouse and fetal human astrocytes with a CaN inhibitor FK506 resulted in a dynamic modulation of GLAST protein expression, being downregulated after 24-48 h, but upregulated after 7 days of continuous FK506 (200 nM) treatment. Protein synthesis, as assessed by puromycin incorporation in neo-synthesized polypeptides, was inhibited already after 1 h of FK506 treatment, while the use of a proteasome inhibitor MG132 (1 μM) shows that GLAST protein degradation was only suppressed after 7 days of FK506 treatment. In astrocytes with constitutive genetic ablation of CaN both protein synthesis and degradation were significantly inhibited. Taken together, our data suggest that, in cultured astrocytes, CaN controls GLAST expression at a posttranscriptional level through regulation of GLAST protein synthesis and degradation.
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30
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Zhou H, Mehta S, Srivastava SP, Grabinska K, Zhang X, Wong C, Hedayat A, Perrotta P, Fernández-Hernando C, Sessa WC, Goodwin JE. Endothelial cell-glucocorticoid receptor interactions and regulation of Wnt signaling. JCI Insight 2020; 5:131384. [PMID: 32051336 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.131384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular inflammation is present in many cardiovascular diseases, and exogenous glucocorticoids have traditionally been used as a therapy to suppress inflammation. However, recent data have shown that endogenous glucocorticoids, acting through the endothelial glucocorticoid receptor, act as negative regulators of inflammation. Here, we performed ChIP for the glucocorticoid receptor, followed by next-generation sequencing in mouse endothelial cells to investigate how the endothelial glucocorticoid receptor regulates vascular inflammation. We identified a role of the Wnt signaling pathway in this setting and show that loss of the endothelial glucocorticoid receptor results in upregulation of Wnt signaling both in vitro and in vivo using our validated mouse model. Furthermore, we demonstrate glucocorticoid receptor regulation of a key gene in the Wnt pathway, Frzb, via a glucocorticoid response element gleaned from our genomic data. These results suggest a role for endothelial Wnt signaling modulation in states of vascular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics.,Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program
| | | | | | - Kariona Grabinska
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program.,Department of Pharmacology
| | - Xinbo Zhang
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program.,Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program.,Department of Comparative Medicine, and
| | | | - Ahmad Hedayat
- Department of Pediatrics.,Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program
| | - Paola Perrotta
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program.,Department of Pharmacology
| | - Carlos Fernández-Hernando
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program.,Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program.,Department of Comparative Medicine, and.,Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - William C Sessa
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program.,Department of Pharmacology
| | - Julie E Goodwin
- Department of Pediatrics.,Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program
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31
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Gao G, Chang F, Zhang T, Huang X, Yu C, Hu Z, Ji M, Duan Y. Naringin Protects Against Interleukin 1β (IL-1β)-Induced Human Nucleus Pulposus Cells Degeneration via Downregulation Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-κB) Pathway and p53 Expression. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:9963-9972. [PMID: 31927560 PMCID: PMC6944037 DOI: 10.12659/msm.918597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Low back pain (LBP) is regarded as a frequent disease that causes disability. We aimed to explore the effect of naringin on intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) in IL-1β-induced human nucleus pulposus (NP) cells and its corresponding molecular mechanisms. Material/Methods Human NP cells were identified by toluidine blue and Safranin O staining. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. The expression levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-3, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4, ADAMTS-5, collagen II, aggrecan), inflammatory genes (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, interleukin [IL]-6), kappa B kinase α (IκBα), p65 and p53 were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blotting. Immunofluorescence study was performed to detect the position and expression of p65 protein in IL-1β-induced human NP cells. Results Human NP cells were successfully separated from intervertebral disc tissue. We found that naringin could significantly reduce the expressions of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-3, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4, and ADAMTS-5) and inflammatory genes in IL-1β-stimulated human NP cells, while collagen II and aggrecan were increased at mRNA and protein level. Immunofluorescence showed that naringin pretreatment decreased the p65 protein expression in the nucleus and suppressed the phosphorylation of IκBα and p65. Conclusions These results demonstrated that naringin could attenuate matrix metalloproteinase catabolism and inflammation in IL-1β-treated human nucleus pulposus cells via downregulating NF-κB pathway and p53 expression, suggesting that naringin has the potential to prevent and treat IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Gao
- Department of Spinal Minimally Invasive Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Feng Chang
- Department of Spinal Minimally Invasive Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Spinal Minimally Invasive Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Xinhu Huang
- Department of Spinal Minimally Invasive Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Chen Yu
- Department of Spinal Minimally Invasive Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Zhaolin Hu
- Department of Spinal Minimally Invasive Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Mingming Ji
- Department of Spinal Minimally Invasive Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Yufen Duan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanxi Coal Central Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (mainland)
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32
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Eddy AC, Howell JA, Chapman H, Taylor E, Mahdi F, George EM, Bidwell GL. Biopolymer-Delivered, Maternally Sequestered NF-κB (Nuclear Factor-κB) Inhibitory Peptide for Treatment of Preeclampsia. Hypertension 2019; 75:193-201. [PMID: 31786977 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.13368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy that causes significant acute and long-term risk to the mother and the baby. The multifaceted maternal syndrome is driven by overproduction of circulating anti-angiogenic factors, widespread inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a transcription factor that plays a central role in the inflammatory response. Its activity is increased in the preeclamptic placenta, and it promotes the systemic endothelial dysfunction present in preeclampsia. There is an acute need for new therapeutics targeted to the causative pathways of preeclampsia. Our group has developed a drug delivery system based on the bioengineered protein ELP (elastin-like polypeptide) that is capable of stabilizing therapeutics in the maternal circulation and preventing their placental transfer. Here we used the ELP carrier system to deliver a peptide known to inhibit the NF-κB pathway. This polypeptide, containing a cell-penetrating peptide and an NF-κB inhibitory peptide derived from the p50 nuclear localization sequence (abbreviated SynB1-ELP-p50i), blocked NF-κB activation and prevented TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor alpha)-induced endothelin production in vitro. Fusion of the p50i peptide to the SynB1-ELP carrier slowed its plasma clearance and prevented its placental transfer in pregnant rats, resulting in increased deposition in the maternal kidney, liver, and placenta relative to the free peptide. When administered in a rat model of placental ischemia, SynB1-ELP-p50i partially ameliorated placental ischemia-induced hypertension and reduced placental TNF-α levels with no signs of toxicity. These data support the continued development of ELP-delivered NF-κB inhibitors as maternally sequestered anti-inflammatory agents for preeclampsia therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian C Eddy
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (A.C.E., H.C., E.T., E.M.G.), University of Mississippi Medical Center
| | - John Aaron Howell
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience (J.A.H.), University of Mississippi Medical Center.,Department of Neurology (J.A.H., F.M., G.L.B.), University of Mississippi Medical Center
| | - Heather Chapman
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (A.C.E., H.C., E.T., E.M.G.), University of Mississippi Medical Center
| | - Erin Taylor
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (A.C.E., H.C., E.T., E.M.G.), University of Mississippi Medical Center
| | - Fakhri Mahdi
- Department of Neurology (J.A.H., F.M., G.L.B.), University of Mississippi Medical Center
| | - Eric M George
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (A.C.E., H.C., E.T., E.M.G.), University of Mississippi Medical Center.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology (E.M.G., G.L.B.), University of Mississippi Medical Center
| | - Gene L Bidwell
- Department of Neurology (J.A.H., F.M., G.L.B.), University of Mississippi Medical Center.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology (E.M.G., G.L.B.), University of Mississippi Medical Center.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (G.L.B.), University of Mississippi Medical Center
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Zhang J, Lei JR, Yuan LL, Wen R, Yang J. Response gene to complement-32 promotes cell survival via the NF-κB pathway in non-small-cell lung cancer. Exp Ther Med 2019; 19:107-114. [PMID: 31853279 PMCID: PMC6909658 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Response gene to complement (RGC)-32 regulates the cell cycle in response to complement activation. The present study demonstrated that the expression level of RGC-32 is higher in human non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues compared with health controls. Overexpressing RGC-32 induced p65 nucleus translocation, significantly increased nuclear p65 levels and promoted the proliferation of A549 cells. Knockdown of RGC-32 by short hairpin RNA decreased the expression level of nuclear p65 and inhibited cell proliferation. The increase in cell proliferation induced by RGC32 could be abolished by the NF-κB inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate. Mechanistic studies indicated that RGC32 mediated NF-κB downstream genes, including vascular cell adhesion protein 1, interleukin-6, cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2C, testin and vascular endothelial growth factor A. In summary, the present study demonstrated a novel role of RGC-32 in the progression of NSCLC via the NF-κB pathway and p65. Therefore, RGC-32 could be a potential therapeutic target for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Rong Lei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Ling Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Ru Wen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Jiong Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
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Mehmood A, Zhao L, Wang C, Hossen I, Nadeem M. Stevia residue extract alone and combination with allopurinol attenuate hyperuricemia in fructose-PO-induced hyperuricemic mice. J Food Biochem 2019; 44:e13087. [PMID: 31680279 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The current project was designed to utilize flavonoids and chlorogenic acids enriched stevia residue extract (STVRE) against hyperuricemia (HU). The in vitro results showed that STVRE potently and synergistically inhibits Xanthine oxidase (XO) with allopurinol. The AFM results predicted that STVRE compounds bind with XO and alter its structure which further prevents the entrance of substrate with XO. These in vitro results were further confirmed in fructose-PO-induced hyperuricemic mice model. The results showed that supplementation of STVRE with allopurinol significantly attenuated HU, oxidative stress, and inflammation caused by UA via inhibiting the production of uric acid and lowering cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, prostaglandin E2, interleukin-6, and interleukin 1-beta levels in serum and renal tissues. Moreover, STVRE and allopurinol treatment attenuated, tubular dilation, infiltration of inflammatory cells, improved structure disorder of podocyte, and foot process fusion, and decreased glomerular basement membrane thickness. These findings suggested that STVRE can be used as an antihyperuricemic agent along with allopurinol. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The results of present study showed that STVRE has a beneficial effect against fructose-PO-induced hyperuricemia by decreasing uric acid level, xanthine oxidase activity, improving oxidative stress and inflammation. These findings suggested that by-product of stevia (STVRE) enriched with polyphenolic compounds can be used as a functional ingredient against hyperuricemia and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Mehmood
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Chemical Technology, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Chemical Technology, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengtao Wang
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Chemical Technology, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Imam Hossen
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Chemical Technology, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
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Yi W, Wen Y, Tan F, Liu X, Lan H, Ye H, Liu B. Impact of NF-κB pathway on the apoptosis-inflammation-autophagy crosstalk in human degenerative nucleus pulposus cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:7294-7306. [PMID: 31518335 PMCID: PMC6756901 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The NF-κB pathway has been reported to play a very important role in the process of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Our results demonstrated that knockdown of NF-κB with P65-siRNA can significantly decrease cell apoptosis and the expression of pro-inflammation factors TNF-α and IL-1β in LPS-induced nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs). However, the molecular mechanism of NF-κB pathway exerting anti-inflammation and anti-apoptosis function remains unclear. Some researchers reported that inhibiting NF-κB pathway can attenuate the catabolic effect by promoting autophagy during inflammatory conditions in rat nucleus pulposus cells. Therefore, we hypothesized that in human NPCs, inhibiting NF-κB pathway may also promote autophagy. Our results indicated that after knockdown of NF-κB, the autophagy was significantly increased and the expression of p-AKT and p-mTOR protein markedly decreased, but the level of autophagy was inhibited after treatment with AKT activator SC79, suggesting the involvement of AKT/mTOR–mediated autophagy was under autophagy activation. However, both LPS-induced NPCs apoptosis and expression of pro-inflammation factors were further increased by pretreatment with the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ). These suggested that inhibiting NF-κB pathway can promote autophagy and decrease apoptosis and inflammation response in LPS-induced NPCs. Meanwhile, autophagy triggered by NF-κB inhibition plays a protective role against apoptosis and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Yi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yafeng Wen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fuqiang Tan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hechuan District People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Haiyang Lan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - He Ye
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Cobb-Abdullah A, Lyles LR, Odewumi CO, Latinwo LM, Badisa VL, Abazinge M. Diallyl disulfide attenuation effect on transcriptome in rat liver cells against cadmium chloride toxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2019; 34:950-957. [PMID: 31077537 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this report, liver cells were treated with cadmium chloride (CdCl2 ) and diallyl disulfide (DADS), a major compound from garlic to attenuate the toxic effect of Cd on transcriptome. The viability of Cd treated cells was reduced to 19.9% ± 2.4% in comparison to the untreated cells, whereas the viability of DADS pretreated cells was increased to 48.6% ± 2%. The attenuation effect of DADS was studied at shorter period (6 hours). Transcriptome analysis of CdCl2 alone treated cells resulted in 2119 and 982 (up and down) regulated genes (≥ 2 or ≤ 2-fold), whereas pretreated cells with DADS resulted in 2597 and 1784 genes. These genes were known to function in many important biological processes. Affymetrix array analysis was validated by the pathway specific PCR array that exhibited the same trend of expression. The current study clearly shows the DADS attenuation effect on transcriptome in CdCl2 -treated rat liver cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahkinyala Cobb-Abdullah
- School of the Environment, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida
- School of Arts and Sciences, Virginia Union University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Leonard Roy Lyles
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Memorial University Medical Center, Savannah, Georgia
| | - Caroline O Odewumi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Lekan M Latinwo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Veera Ld Badisa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Michael Abazinge
- School of the Environment, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida
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In Trauma Patients, the Occurrence of Early-Onset Nosocomial Infections is Associated With Increased Plasma Concentrations of Chromogranin A. Shock 2019; 49:522-528. [PMID: 29049134 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In previously healthy persons suffering from acute illnesses, nosocomial infections (NIs) are frequent. Their prevalence suggests the existence of as yet unknown conditions that may promote care-related infection. This study assessed whether the measurement of plasma chromogranin A, a stress-related protein involved in innate defense, is related to NI risk, and whether any chromogranin A-derived fragment included in vasostatin-I displays immunosuppressive activities related to AP-1 or NF-kappa B downregulation. At the clinical level, trauma patients and healthy controls were recruited to be eligible. Clinical histories were recorded, and standard biological tests (including plasma chromogranin A) were performed. For 9 randomly chosen patients and 16 controls, the time-dependent concentrations of chromogranin A (CGA) were assessed twice a day over 66 h. The data show that trauma patients present a higher value of CGA concentration during 66 h in comparison with healthy controls. In addition, patients maintaining this significant increase in CGA readily develop NIs. We therefore studied the effects of chromogranin A-derived peptides on monocytes, focusing on transcription factors that play a central role in inflammation. In vitro assay demonstrated that a chromogranin A-derived fragment (CGA47-70) displays a significant inhibition of NF-kappa B and AP-1 transcriptional activities in these cells. In conclusion, the occurrence of NI in trauma patients is associated with significantly increased plasma CGA concentrations. Downregulation of the two transcription factors by CGA47-70 might induce early acquired immune defect after a serious medical stress.
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Mester A, Ciobanu L, Taulescu M, Apostu D, Lucaciu O, Filip GA, Feldrihan V, Licarete E, Ilea A, Piciu A, Oltean‐Dan D, Scurtu I, Berce C, Campian RS. Periodontal disease may induce liver fibrosis in an experimental study on Wistar rats. J Periodontol 2019; 90:911-919. [DOI: 10.1002/jper.18-0585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Mester
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Oral Health and Dental Office ManagementUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu” Cluj‐Napoca Romania
| | - Lidia Ciobanu
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu” Cluj‐Napoca Romania
| | - Marian Taulescu
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj‐Napoca Romania
| | - Dragos Apostu
- Department of Orthopedics and TraumatologyUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu” Cluj‐Napoca Romania
| | - Ondine Lucaciu
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Oral Health and Dental Office ManagementUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu” Cluj‐Napoca Romania
| | - Gabriela Adriana Filip
- Department of PhysiologyUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu” Cluj‐Napoca Romania
| | - Vasile Feldrihan
- Department of Allergology and ImmunologyUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu” Cluj‐Napoca Romania
| | - Emilia Licarete
- Molecular Biology Centre, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research in Bio‐Nano‐SciencesBabes‐Bolyai University Cluj‐Napoca Romania
| | - Aranka Ilea
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Oral Health and Dental Office ManagementUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu” Cluj‐Napoca Romania
| | - Andra Piciu
- Department of Medical OncologyUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu” Cluj‐Napoca Romania
| | - Daniel Oltean‐Dan
- Department of Orthopedics and TraumatologyUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu” Cluj‐Napoca Romania
| | - Iuliu Scurtu
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj‐Napoca Romania
| | - Cristian Berce
- Animal FacilityUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu” Cluj‐Napoca Romania
| | - Radu Septimiu Campian
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Oral Health and Dental Office ManagementUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu” Cluj‐Napoca Romania
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de Gaetano M, Butler E, Gahan K, Zanetti A, Marai M, Chen J, Cacace A, Hams E, Maingot C, McLoughlin A, Brennan E, Leroy X, Loscher CE, Fallon P, Perretti M, Godson C, Guiry PJ. Asymmetric synthesis and biological evaluation of imidazole- and oxazole-containing synthetic lipoxin A4 mimetics (sLXms). Eur J Med Chem 2019; 162:80-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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40
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Xu K, Zhou T, Huang Y, Chi Q, Shi J, Zhu P, Dong N. Anthraquinone Emodin Inhibits Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha-Induced Calcification of Human Aortic Valve Interstitial Cells via the NF-κB Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1328. [PMID: 30510513 PMCID: PMC6252319 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploring effective therapies for delaying calcific heart valve disease (CHVD) is the focus of current cardiovascular clinical and scientific research. In this study, human aortic valve interstitial cells (hVICs) were isolated from patients with CHVD. After expansion, cultured hVICs were induced with the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) with or without anthraquinone emodin (EMD) treatments. Cytotoxicity and flow cytometric analysis were used to assess cell growth, while Alizarin Red S staining was used to detect hVICs calcification. Furthermore, RNA-sequencing analysis was utilized to investigate changes in mRNA profiles of cells cultured in TNF-α conditioned medium with or without EMD. Western blotting and qRT-PCR analyses were used for the verification of key selected genes. Our results indicated that EMD had limited influence on hVIC morphology, whereas in a dose-dependent fashion, EMD interfered with hVIC growth under TNF-α conditioned cell culture. Additionally, hVICs treated with TNF-α plus EMD, presented a gradual decrease of positive Alizarin Red S staining, when compared with cells treated with TNF-α only. Notably, cells treated with TNF-α plus EMD showed 1874 differential expression genes (DEGs), among them, 1131 were upregulated and 743 were downregulated. These DEGs displayed an enrichment of biological functions and signaling pathways, among them, BMP2, RELA, TNF, and TRAF1, were found to be significantly suppressed by EMD and selected given their role in mediating hVIC calcification. In conclusion, our study shows that EMD inhibits TNF-α-induced calcification and phenotypical transformation of hVICs via the NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby preventing calcification events stimulated during acute inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingwen Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuming Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingjia Chi
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Structure, Hubei Key Laboratory of Theory and Application of Advanced Materials Mechanics, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiawei Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Nianguo Dong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Zhou J, Li M, Jin WF, Li XH, Zhang YY. Role of NF-κB on Neurons after Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion. INT J PHARMACOL 2018. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2018.451.459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Quantitative shotgun proteomics distinguishes wound-healing biomarker signatures in common carp skin mucus in response to Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. Vet Res 2018; 49:37. [PMID: 29678203 PMCID: PMC5910588 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-018-0535-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ichthyophthirius multifiliis is a ciliated protozoan parasite recognized as one of the most pathogenic diseases of wild and cultured freshwater fish. Fish skin mucus plays a significant role against invading pathogens. However, the protein-based modulation against infection with I. multifiliis, of host fish at this barrier is unknown. Thus, we investigated the skin mucus proteome of common carp using a shotgun proteomic approach at days 1 and 9 after I. multifiliis exposure. We identified 25 differentially expressed proteins in infected carp skin mucus. Upregulated proteins were mainly involved in metabolism, whereas downregulated proteins were mainly structural. This is the first proteomic analysis of infected common carp skin mucus, and it provides novel information about proteome alteration caused by I. multifiliis. Furthermore, we identified novel proteins with yet unknown function in common carp following penetrating injuries such as olfactomedin 4, lumican, dermatopontin, papilin and I cytoskeletal 18. This analysis, therefore, represents a key for the search for potential biomarkers, which can help in a better understanding and monitoring of interactions between carp and I. multifiliis. This proteomic study not only provides information on the protein-level pathways involved in fish-ciliate interactions but also could represent a complementary system for studying tissue repair.
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Malek M, Hassanshahi J, Fartootzadeh R, Azizi F, Shahidani S. Nephrogenic acute respiratory distress syndrome: A narrative review on pathophysiology and treatment. Chin J Traumatol 2018; 21:4-10. [PMID: 29398292 PMCID: PMC5835491 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The kidneys have a close functional relationship with other organs especially the lungs. This connection makes the kidney and the lungs as the most organs involved in the multi-organ failure syndrome. The combination of acute lung injury (ALI) and renal failure results a great clinical significance of 80% mortality rate. Acute kidney injury (AKI) leads to an increase in circulating cytokines, chemokines, activated innate immune cells and diffuse of these agents to other organs such as the lungs. These factors initiate pathological cascade that ultimately leads to ALI and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We comprehensively searched the English medical literature focusing on AKI, ALI, organs cross talk, renal failure, multi organ failure and ARDS using the databases of PubMed, Embase, Scopus and directory of open access journals. In this narrative review, we summarized the pathophysiology and treatment of respiratory distress syndrome following AKI. This review promotes knowledge of the link between kidney and lung with mechanisms, diagnostic biomarkers, and treatment involved ARDS induced by AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Malek
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Jalal Hassanshahi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Fartootzadeh
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Azizi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Somayeh Shahidani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Effects of Huanglian Jiedu Decoration in Rat Gingivitis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:8249013. [PMID: 29576800 PMCID: PMC5822758 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8249013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Gingivitis is an inflammatory disease that affects gingival tissues through a microbe-immune interaction. Huanglian Jiedu decoction (HLJD) is used traditionally for clearing and detoxifying in China, which had been reported to possess many pharmacological effects. Rat gingival inflammation model was established by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection for 3 consecutive days, and HLJD was given by gavage before LPS injection. After 3 days rats were sacrificed and tissue samples were evaluated. Serum cytokine levels such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA). Oxidative stress related molecules such as total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were determined. Expression of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling pathway were inspected by western blotting. Histological changes of gingival tissues were tested with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. HLJD significantly decreased serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α, suppressed generation of MDA and ROS, and enhanced T-AOC creation. Moreover, HLJD inhibited expressions of AMPK and ERK1/2. The inflammation severity of gingival tissue by HE staining was severe in model group but relieved in HLJD group obviously. HLJD exhibited protective effects against gingival damage through suppressing inflammation reaction and elevating antioxidation power.
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Bukowski R, Sadovsky Y, Goodarzi H, Zhang H, Biggio JR, Varner M, Parry S, Xiao F, Esplin SM, Andrews W, Saade GR, Ilekis JV, Reddy UM, Baldwin DA. Onset of human preterm and term birth is related to unique inflammatory transcriptome profiles at the maternal fetal interface. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3685. [PMID: 28879060 PMCID: PMC5582610 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Preterm birth is a main determinant of neonatal mortality and morbidity and a major contributor to the overall mortality and burden of disease. However, research of the preterm birth is hindered by the imprecise definition of the clinical phenotype and complexity of the molecular phenotype due to multiple pregnancy tissue types and molecular processes that may contribute to the preterm birth. Here we comprehensively evaluate the mRNA transcriptome that characterizes preterm and term labor in tissues comprising the pregnancy using precisely phenotyped samples. The four complementary phenotypes together provide comprehensive insight into preterm and term parturition. Methods Samples of maternal blood, chorion, amnion, placenta, decidua, fetal blood, and myometrium from the uterine fundus and lower segment (n = 183) were obtained during cesarean delivery from women with four complementary phenotypes: delivering preterm with (PL) and without labor (PNL), term with (TL) and without labor (TNL). Enrolled were 35 pregnant women with four precisely and prospectively defined phenotypes: PL (n = 8), PNL (n = 10), TL (n = 7) and TNL (n = 10). Gene expression data were analyzed using shrunken centroid analysis to identify a minimal set of genes that uniquely characterizes each of the four phenotypes. Expression profiles of 73 genes and non-coding RNA sequences uniquely identified each of the four phenotypes. The shrunken centroid analysis and 10 times 10-fold cross-validation was also used to minimize false positive finings and overfitting. Identified were the pathways and molecular processes associated with and the cis-regulatory elements in gene’s 5′ promoter or 3′-UTR regions of the set of genes which expression uniquely characterized the four phenotypes. Results The largest differences in gene expression among the four groups occurred at maternal fetal interface in decidua, chorion and amnion. The gene expression profiles showed suppression of chemokines expression in TNL, withdrawal of this suppression in TL, activation of multiple pathways of inflammation in PL, and an immune rejection profile in PNL. The genes constituting expression signatures showed over-representation of three putative regulatory elements in their 5′and 3′ UTR regions. Conclusions The results suggest that pregnancy is maintained by downregulation of chemokines at the maternal-fetal interface. Withdrawal of this downregulation results in the term birth and its overriding by the activation of multiple pathways of the immune system in the preterm birth. Complications of the pregnancy associated with impairment of placental function, which necessitated premature delivery of the fetus in the absence of labor, show gene expression patterns associated with immune rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radek Bukowski
- Dell Medical School, Department of Women's Health, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States of America
| | - Yoel Sadovsky
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Hani Goodarzi
- Department of Biophysics & Biochemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Heping Zhang
- School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Joseph R Biggio
- School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama - Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Michael Varner
- School of Medicine, Intermountain Healthcare, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - Samuel Parry
- School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Feifei Xiao
- Arnold School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America
| | - Sean M Esplin
- School of Medicine, Intermountain Healthcare, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - William Andrews
- School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama - Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - George R Saade
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States of America
| | - John V Ilekis
- Pregnancy and Perinatology Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Uma M Reddy
- Pregnancy and Perinatology Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
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Nistal-Nuño B. No preemptive analgesic effect of preoperative ketorolac administration following total abdominal hysterectomy: A randomized study. Saudi J Anaesth 2017; 11:169-176. [PMID: 28442955 PMCID: PMC5389235 DOI: 10.4103/1658-354x.203011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experimental models using short-duration noxious stimuli have led to the concept of preemptive analgesia. Ketorolac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, has been shown to have a postoperative narcotic-sparing effect when given preoperatively and alternatively to not have this effect. This study was undertaken to determine whether a single intravenous (IV) dose of ketorolac would result in decreased postoperative pain and narcotic requirements. METHODS In a double-blind, randomized controlled trial, 48 women undergoing abdominal hysterectomy were studied. Patients in the ketorolac group received 30 mg of IV ketorolac 30 min before surgical incision, while the control group received normal saline. The postoperative analgesia was performed with a continuous infusion of tramadol at 12 mg/h with the possibility of a 10 mg bolus for every 10 min. Pain was assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS), tramadol consumption, and hemodynamic parameters at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 24 h postoperatively. We quantified times to rescue analgesic (morphine), adverse effects, and patient satisfaction. RESULTS There were neither significant differences in VAS scores between groups (P > 0.05) nor in the cumulative or incremental consumption of tramadol at any time point (P > 0.05). The time to first requested rescue analgesia was 66.25 ± 38.61 min in the ketorolac group and 65 ± 28.86 min in the control group (P = 0.765). There were no significant differences in systolic blood pressure (BP) between both groups, except at 2 h (P = 0.02) and 4 h (P = 0.045). There were no significant differences in diastolic BP between both groups, except at 4 h (P = 0.013). The respiratory rate showed no differences between groups, except at 8 h (P = 0.017), 16 h (P = 0.011), and 24 h (P = 0.049). These differences were not clinically significant. There were no statistically significant differences between groups in heart rate (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Preoperative ketorolac neither showed a preemptive analgesic effect nor was it effective as an adjuvant for decreasing opioid requirements or postoperative pain in patients receiving IV analgesia with tramadol after abdominal hysterectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Nistal-Nuño
- Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Anesthesiology, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
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Sun Z, Yin Z, Liu C, Tian J. The Changes in the Expression of NF-KB in a Degenerative Human Intervertebral Disc model. Cell Biochem Biophys 2016; 72:115-22. [PMID: 25433723 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-014-0417-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We aim at determining the changes in the expression of NF-kB signaling pathway in degenerative intervertebral discs. We collected normal and degenerated intervertebral discs tissues. The normal and degenerated cells were cultivated and their histopathology and immunofluoresence studies were used to observe the position of NF-kB p65 in the cell. We also treated the nucleus pulposus cells with inflammatory factors and inhibitors. Western blot was used to analyze the expression of different proteins. Real time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR was used for observation of NF-kB regulation of change in gene expression. Immunofluorescence showed that in the non-degenerative group the p65 was found in the cytoplasm of the nucleus pulposus cell while in the degenerated cell group the p65 protein was found in the nucleus of the cell. The expression of p65 increased with increase in the degree of degenerative change of the nucleus pulposus cell. RT-PCR showed that the expression of matrix metalloproteinases, aggrecanases and IL-6 was higher in the degenerative group. The amount of aggrecan and type II collagen was significantly decreased in the degenerative group. IL-1β was able to upregulate the activation of NF-kB and the expression of MMP-13 and ADAMTS-4 was also significantly increased. The effect of these proteins can be inhibited by the NF-kB inhibitor, BAY11-7082. The activation of the NK-kB signaling pathway in a degenerative intervertebral disc is gradually increased, regulating the over-expression of matrix-degrading enzymes. It plays an important role in the degradation of extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyi Sun
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai First People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 100, Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Zhanmin Yin
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai First People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 100, Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
- Spine and Joint Surgery, Central Hospital of Tai An, Shandong, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai First People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 100, Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Jiwei Tian
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai First People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 100, Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China.
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Townsend JR, Stout JR, Jajtner AR, Church DD, Beyer KS, Oliveira LP, La Monica MB, Riffe JJ, Muddle TWD, Baker KM, Fukuda DH, Roberts MD, Hoffman JR. Resistance exercise increases intramuscular NF-κb signaling in untrained males. Eur J Appl Physiol 2016; 116:2103-2111. [PMID: 27582262 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-016-3463-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The NF-κB signaling pathway regulates multiple cellular processes following exercise stress. This study aims to examine the effects of an acute lower-body resistance exercise protocol and subsequent recovery on intramuscular NF-κB signaling. METHODS Twenty-eight untrained males were assigned to either a control (CON; n = 11) or exercise group (EX; n = 17) and completed a lower-body resistance exercise protocol consisting of the back squat, leg press, and leg extension exercises. Skeletal muscle microbiopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis pre-exercise (PRE), 1-hour (1H), 5-hours (5H), and 48-hours (48H) post-resistance exercise. Multiplex signaling assay kits (EMD Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA) were used to quantify the total protein (TNFR1, c-Myc) or phosphorylation status of proteins belonging to the NF-κB signaling pathway (IKKa/b, IkBα, NF-κB) using multiplex protein assay. Repeated measures ANOVA analysis was used to determine the effects of the exercise bout on intramuscular signaling at each time point. Additionally, change scores were analyzed by magnitude based inferences to determine a mechanistic interpretation. RESULTS Repeated measures ANOVA indicated a trend for a two-way interaction between the EX and CON Group (p = 0.064) for c-Myc post resistance exercise. Magnitude based inference analysis suggest a "Very Likely" increase in total c-Myc from PRE-5H and a "Likely" increase in IkBα phosphorylation from PRE-5H post-resistance exercise. CONCLUSION Results indicated that c-Myc transcription factor is elevated following acute intense resistance exercise in untrained males. Future studies should examine the role that post-resistance exercise NF-κβ signaling plays in c-Myc induction, ribosome biogenesis and skeletal muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy R Townsend
- Exercise and Nutrition Science Graduate Program, Lipscomb University, Nashville, TN, 37215, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Stout
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA.
| | - Adam R Jajtner
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - David D Church
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Kyle S Beyer
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Leonardo P Oliveira
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Michael B La Monica
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Joshua J Riffe
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Tyler W D Muddle
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Kayla M Baker
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - David H Fukuda
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Michael D Roberts
- Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Jay R Hoffman
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
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Anderson SJ, Feye KM, Schmidt-McCormack GR, Malovic E, Mlynarczyk GSA, Izbicki P, Arnold LF, Jefferson MA, de la Rosa BM, Wehrman RF, Luna KC, Hu HZ, Kondru NC, Kleinhenz MD, Smith JS, Manne S, Putra MR, Choudhary S, Massey N, Luo D, Berg CA, Acharya S, Sharma S, Kanuri SH, Lange JK, Carlson SA. Off-Target drug effects resulting in altered gene expression events with epigenetic and "Quasi-Epigenetic" origins. Pharmacol Res 2016; 107:229-233. [PMID: 27025785 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This review synthesizes examples of pharmacological agents who have off-target effects of an epigenetic nature. We expand upon the paradigm of epigenetics to include "quasi-epigenetic" mechanisms. Quasi-epigenetics includes mechanisms of drugs acting upstream of epigenetic machinery or may themselves impact transcription factor regulation on a more global scale. We explore these avenues with four examples of conventional pharmaceuticals and their unintended, but not necessarily adverse, biological effects. The quasi-epigenetic drugs identified in this review include the use of beta-lactam antibiotics to alter glutamate receptor activity and the action of cyclosporine on multiple transcription factors. In addition, we report on more canonical epigenome changes associated with pharmacological agents such as lithium impacting autophagy of aberrant proteins, and opioid drugs whose chronic use increases the expression of genes associated with addictive phenotypes. By expanding our appreciation of transcriptomic regulation and the effects these drugs have on the epigenome, it is possible to enhance therapeutic applications by exploiting off-target effects and even repurposing established pharmaceuticals. That is, exploration of "pharmacoepigenetic" mechanisms can expand the breadth of the useful activity of a drug beyond the traditional drug targets such as receptors and enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Anderson
- Department of Psychology, Iowa State University College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Ames, IA 50011, United States; Neuroscience Interdepartmental Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Kristina M Feye
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Garrett R Schmidt-McCormack
- Neuroscience Interdepartmental Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Emir Malovic
- Neuroscience Interdepartmental Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Gregory S A Mlynarczyk
- Neuroscience Interdepartmental Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Patricia Izbicki
- Neuroscience Interdepartmental Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Larissa F Arnold
- Department of Psychology, Iowa State University College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Ames, IA 50011, United States; Neuroscience Interdepartmental Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Matthew A Jefferson
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Bierlein M de la Rosa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Rita F Wehrman
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - K C Luna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Hilary Z Hu
- Neuroscience Interdepartmental Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Naveen C Kondru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Michael D Kleinhenz
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Joe S Smith
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Sireesha Manne
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Marson R Putra
- Neuroscience Interdepartmental Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Shivani Choudhary
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Nyzil Massey
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Diou Luo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Carrie A Berg
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Sreemoyee Acharya
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Shaunik Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Sri Harsha Kanuri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Jennifer K Lange
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Steve A Carlson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, United States.
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Ghallab NA, Hamdy E, Shaker OG. Malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and melatonin levels in gingival crevicular fluid of aggressive and chronic periodontitis patients. Aust Dent J 2016; 61:53-61. [PMID: 25581300 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and melatonin levels in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) as biomarkers for oxidative stress. METHODS The study comprised 65 subjects: 15 healthy individuals, 25 CP patients and 25 GAgP patients. Plaque index, gingival index, pocket depth, clinical attachment level measurements and GCF samples were obtained from all subjects. MDA, SOD and melatonin levels were determined utilizing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS GCF-MDA levels were significantly higher in the GAgP group compared to the CP and control groups (p < 0.001) and significantly higher in the CP group than the C group (p < 0.001). SOD and melatonin GCF levels were significantly higher in the control than the GAgP and CP groups (p < 0.05), and significantly lower in the GAgP than the CP group (p < 0.05). The CP group demonstrated a significant negative correlation between GCF-MDA and melatonin concentrations. A positive correlation was observed between SOD and CAL in the CP group and PD in the GAgP group. CONCLUSIONS MDA, melatonin and SOD could be considered as biomarkers for oxidative stress in periodontal diseases and might be useful diagnostic aids in distinguishing CP and GAgP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Ghallab
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology and Diagnosis, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - E Hamdy
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology and Diagnosis, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - O G Shaker
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
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