1
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Alamri A. Sema-3E/PlexinD1 axis modulates dendritic cell phenotypes and functions: Current status and future implications. Hum Immunol 2024; 85:110815. [PMID: 38772051 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2024.110815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
This comprehensive research review explores the complex interplay between the Sema-3E/PlexinD1 axis and dendritic cells (DCs), highlighting its critical role in immune modulation with implications for clinical application Critical regulators of immune responses Dendritic cells are central to adaptive immunity, and the Sema-3E /PlexinD1 axis emerges as a key modulator affecting their phenotypes and functions Review delineates the impact of this signaling axis on DC maturation, migration, antigen presentation, and cytokine production, unravels its multifaceted role in shaping the immune response. Recognizing the limitations and gaps in current knowledge, the study highlights the need for further studies to condition downstream signaling events and related information experienced by the Sema-3E/PlexinD1 axis emphasizes the clarity of the immune system. The review concludes by identifying opportunities for translation, focusing on therapeutic and diagnostic potential. It highlights the importance of collaborative, interdisciplinary efforts to address the challenges and harness the therapeutic and pathological potential of targeting the Sema-3E/PlexinD1 axis, thus opening the way for transformative advances in immunology and clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Alamri
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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2
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Chen T, Li S, Wang L. Semaphorins in tumor microenvironment: Biological mechanisms and therapeutic progress. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 132:112035. [PMID: 38603857 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Hallmark features of the tumor microenvironment include immune cells, stromal cells, blood vessels, and extracellular matrix (ECM), providing a conducive environment for the growth and survival of tumors. Recent advances in the understanding of cancer biology have highlighted the functional role of semaphorins (SEMAs). SEMAs are a large and diverse family of widely expressed secreted and membrane-binding proteins, which were initially implicated in axon guidance and neural development. However, it is now clear that they are widely expressed beyond the nervous system and participate in regulating immune responses and cancer progression. In fact, accumulating evidence disclosed that different SEMAs can either stimulate or restrict tumor progression, some of which act as important regulators of tumor angiogenesis. Conversely, limited information is known about the functional relevance of SEMA signals in TME. In this setting, we systematically elaborate the role SEMAs and their major receptors played in characterized components of TME. Furthermore, we provide a convergent view of current SEMAs pharmacological progress in clinical treatment and also put forward their potential application value and clinical prospects in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, PR China
| | - Shazhou Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, PR China
| | - Lufang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, PR China.
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3
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Barnkob MB, Michaels YS, André V, Macklin PS, Gileadi U, Valvo S, Rei M, Kulicke C, Chen JL, Jain V, Woodcock VK, Colin-York H, Hadjinicolaou AV, Kong Y, Mayya V, Mazet JM, Mead GJ, Bull JA, Rijal P, Pugh CW, Townsend AR, Gérard A, Olsen LR, Fritzsche M, Fulga TA, Dustin ML, Jones EY, Cerundolo V. Semmaphorin 3 A causes immune suppression by inducing cytoskeletal paralysis in tumour-specific CD8 + T cells. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3173. [PMID: 38609390 PMCID: PMC11017241 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47424-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Semaphorin-3A (SEMA3A) functions as a chemorepulsive signal during development and can affect T cells by altering their filamentous actin (F-actin) cytoskeleton. The exact extent of these effects on tumour-specific T cells are not completely understood. Here we demonstrate that Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) and Plexin-A1 and Plexin-A4 are upregulated on stimulated CD8+ T cells, allowing tumour-derived SEMA3A to inhibit T cell migration and assembly of the immunological synapse. Deletion of NRP1 in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells enhance CD8+ T-cell infiltration into tumours and restricted tumour growth in animal models. Conversely, over-expression of SEMA3A inhibit CD8+ T-cell infiltration. We further show that SEMA3A affects CD8+ T cell F-actin, leading to inhibition of immune synapse formation and motility. Examining a clear cell renal cell carcinoma patient cohort, we find that SEMA3A expression is associated with reduced survival, and that T-cells appear trapped in SEMA3A rich regions. Our study establishes SEMA3A as an inhibitor of effector CD8+ T cell tumour infiltration, suggesting that blocking NRP1 could improve T cell function in tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike B Barnkob
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
- Centre for Cellular Immunotherapy of Haematological Cancer Odense (CITCO), Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Yale S Michaels
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- Paul Albrechtsen Research Institute, CancerCare Manitoba, 675 Mcdermot Ave, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0V9, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Bannatyne Ave, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 3N4, Canada
| | - Violaine André
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Philip S Macklin
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Medicine Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Uzi Gileadi
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Salvatore Valvo
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Dr, Oxford, OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Margarida Rei
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Corinna Kulicke
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, US
| | - Ji-Li Chen
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Vitul Jain
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Victoria K Woodcock
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Huw Colin-York
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Andreas V Hadjinicolaou
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Cambridge University Hospitals, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England
- Early Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England
| | - Youxin Kong
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Viveka Mayya
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Dr, Oxford, OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Julie M Mazet
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Dr, Oxford, OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Gracie-Jennah Mead
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Dr, Oxford, OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Joshua A Bull
- Wolfson Centre for Mathematical Biology, Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
| | - Pramila Rijal
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Christopher W Pugh
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Medicine Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Alain R Townsend
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Audrey Gérard
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Dr, Oxford, OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Lars R Olsen
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, Building 345C, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Marco Fritzsche
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Dr, Oxford, OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Tudor A Fulga
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Michael L Dustin
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Dr, Oxford, OX3 7FY, UK
| | - E Yvonne Jones
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.
| | - Vincenzo Cerundolo
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
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4
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Naito M, Kumanogoh A. The role of semaphorins in allergic diseases. Allergol Int 2024; 73:31-39. [PMID: 37635021 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Semaphorins were originally identified as guidance molecules in neural development. However, accumulating evidence indicates that 'immune semaphorins' are critically involved in regulating immune cell activation, differentiation, mobility and migration. Semaphorins are also intimately associated with the pathogenesis of allergic diseases including asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis. Interestingly, reflecting their function in positive or negative regulation of immune cells, levels of some semaphorins are increased while others are decreased in patients with allergic diseases. This review presents the pathogenic functions of immune semaphorins in allergic inflammation and discusses the potential use of these molecules as therapeutic targets for allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiko Naito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI), Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kumanogoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI), Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Center for Infectious Diseases for Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development - Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Center for Advanced Modalities and DDS (CAMaD), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
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Tang H, Li P, Guo X. Ferroptosis-Mediated Immune Microenvironment and Therapeutic Response in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. DNA Cell Biol 2023; 42:720-734. [PMID: 37943983 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2023.0260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by dysregulated immune responses in the gastrointestinal tract. One intriguing aspect of IBD is the potential involvement of ferroptosis, but the mechanism remains incompletely understood. In this study, 27 ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) were identified differentially expressed between IBD and non-IBD control samples. We used CIBERSORT to compare alterations in the mucosal immune microenvironment between the above two group samples, and found that M1 macrophages and neutrophil infiltration increased in IBD. Two clusters based on consensus clustering of 27 FRGs led to significant changes in the abundance of CD4 memory resting T cells, M2 macrophages, and resting mast cells. Subsequently, 23 hub genes were identified, which could distinguish IBD samples into two distinct clusters with noticeable differences in immune therapy response. Furthermore, scRNA sequencing data based on these 23 hub genes uncovered the highest ferroptosis scores in CD8+ T effector memory (Tem) cells, and their expression underwent significant changes along the differentiation trajectory of CD8+ Tem cells. The random forest model identified eight decisive genes, out of which ferroptosis-related hub genes (SEMA3E, SLC46A1, AC092652.1, DACT2, IL17C, and KRTAP5.2) were confirmed by RT-qPCR in the IBD mouse model. This study reveals ferroptosis-mediated immune microenvironment in IBD and provides multiple potential targets for IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Tang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiutian Guo
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Jeon HM, Shin YJ, Lee J, Chang N, Woo DH, Lee WJ, Nguyen D, Kang W, Cho HJ, Yang H, Lee JK, Sa JK, Lee Y, Kim DG, Purow BW, Yoon Y, Nam DH, Lee J. The semaphorin 3A/neuropilin-1 pathway promotes clonogenic growth of glioblastoma via activation of TGF-β signaling. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e167049. [PMID: 37788099 PMCID: PMC10721275 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.167049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most lethal brain cancer with a dismal prognosis. Stem-like GBM cells (GSCs) are a major driver of GBM propagation and recurrence; thus, understanding the molecular mechanisms that promote GSCs may lead to effective therapeutic approaches. Through in vitro clonogenic growth-based assays, we determined mitogenic activities of the ligand molecules that are implicated in neural development. We have identified that semaphorin 3A (Sema3A), originally known as an axon guidance molecule in the CNS, promotes clonogenic growth of GBM cells but not normal neural progenitor cells (NPCs). Mechanistically, Sema3A binds to its receptor neuropilin-1 (NRP1) and facilitates an interaction between NRP1 and TGF-β receptor 1 (TGF-βR1), which in turn leads to activation of canonical TGF-β signaling in both GSCs and NPCs. TGF-β signaling enhances self-renewal and survival of GBM tumors through induction of key stem cell factors, but it evokes cytostatic responses in NPCs. Blockage of the Sema3A/NRP1 axis via shRNA-mediated knockdown of Sema3A or NRP1 impeded clonogenic growth and TGF-β pathway activity in GSCs and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Taken together, these findings suggest that the Sema3A/NRP1/TGF-βR1 signaling axis is a critical regulator of GSC propagation and a potential therapeutic target for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Min Jeon
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Yong Jae Shin
- Institute for Refractory Cancer Research, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jaehyun Lee
- Institute for Refractory Cancer Research, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Graduate School of Health Science & Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nakho Chang
- Graduate School of Health Science & Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong-Hun Woo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Won Jun Lee
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Dayna Nguyen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Wonyoung Kang
- Institute for Refractory Cancer Research, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee Jin Cho
- Department of Biomedical Convergence Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Heekyoung Yang
- Institute for Refractory Cancer Research, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin-Ku Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jason K. Sa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University, College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yeri Lee
- Institute for Refractory Cancer Research, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Geon Kim
- Institute for Refractory Cancer Research, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Benjamin W. Purow
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Yeup Yoon
- Institute for Refractory Cancer Research, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Graduate School of Health Science & Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Do-Hyun Nam
- Institute for Refractory Cancer Research, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Graduate School of Health Science & Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeongwu Lee
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Kayaalp M, Erden A, Apaydin H, Güven SC, Armağan B, Cağlayan Kayaalp M, Andac Uzdogan E, Ala Enli Ş, Omma A, Kucuksahin O. Semaphorin 3A levels in vascular and nonvascular phenotypes in systemic sclerosis. Lab Med 2023; 54:646-651. [PMID: 37100766 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmad019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) plays a regulatory role in immune responses. The aim of this study was to evaluate Sema3A levels in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), especially in major vascular involvements such as digital ulcer (DU), scleroderma renal crisis (SRC), pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and to compare Sema3A level with SSc disease activity. METHODS In SSc patients, patients with DU, SRC, or PAH were grouped as major vascular involvements and those without as nonvascular, and Sema3A levels were compared between the groups and with a healthy control group. The Sema3A levels and acute phase reactants in SSc patients, as well as their association with the Valentini disease activity index and modified Rodnan skin score, were evaluated. RESULTS The Sema3A values (mean ± SD) were 57.60 ± 19.81 ng/mL in the control group (n = 31), 44.32 ± 5.87 ng/mL in patients with major vascular involvement SSc (n = 21), and 49.96 ± 14.00 ng/mL in the nonvascular SSc group (n = 35). When all SSc patients were examined as a single group, the mean Sema3A value was significantly lower than controls (P = .016). The SSc with major vascular involvement group had significantly lower Sema3A levels than SSc with nonmajor vascular involvement group (P = .04). No correlation was found between Sema3A, acute phase reactants, and disease activity scores. Also, no relationship was observed between Sema3A levels and diffuse (48.36 ± 11.47 ng/mL) or limited (47.43 ± 12.38 ng/mL) SSc types (P = .775). CONCLUSION Our study suggests that Sema3A may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of vasculopathy and can be used as a biomarker in SSc patients with vascular complications such as DU and PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Kayaalp
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Abdulsamet Erden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Ankara City Hospital, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hakan Apaydin
- Department of Rheumatology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serdar Can Güven
- Department of Rheumatology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Berkan Armağan
- Department of Rheumatology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | - Şeymanur Ala Enli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Omma
- University of Health Sciences, Rheumatology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Orhan Kucuksahin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Ankara City Hospital, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
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8
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Saleki K, Alijanizadeh P, Azadmehr A. Is neuropilin-1 the neuroimmune initiator of multi-system hyperinflammation in COVID-19? Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115558. [PMID: 37748412 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A major immunopathological feature of Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is excessive inflammation in the form of "cytokine storm". The storm is characterized by injurious levels of cytokines which form a complicated network damaging different organs, including the lungs and the brain. The main starter of "cytokine network" hyperactivation in COVID-19 has not been discovered yet. Neuropilins (NRPs) are transmembrane proteins that act as neuronal guidance and angiogenesis modulators. The crucial function of NRPs in forming the nervous and vascular systems has been well-studied. NRP1 and NRP2 are the two identified homologs of NRP. NRP1 has been shown as a viral entry pathway for SARS-CoV2, which facilitates neuroinvasion by the virus within the central or peripheral nervous systems. These molecules directly interact with various COVID-19-related molecules, such as specific regions of the spike protein (major immune element of SARS-CoV2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors, VEGFR1/2, and ANGPTL4 (regulator of vessel permeability and integrity). NRPs mainly play a role in hyperinflammatory injury of the CNS and lungs, and also the liver, kidney, pancreas, and heart in COVID-19 patients. New findings have suggested NRPs good candidates for pharmacotherapy of COVID-19. However, therapeutic targeting of NRP1 in COVID-19 is still in the preclinical phase. This review presents the implications of NRP1 in multi-organ inflammation-induced injury by SARS-CoV2 and provides insights for NRP1-targeting treatments for COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiarash Saleki
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; Department of e-Learning, Virtual School of Medical Education and Management, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences(SBMU), Tehran, Iran; USERN Office, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Parsa Alijanizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; USERN Office, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Abbas Azadmehr
- Immunology Department, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
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9
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Tang L, Liu C, Rosenberger P. Platelet formation and activation are influenced by neuronal guidance proteins. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1206906. [PMID: 37398659 PMCID: PMC10310924 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1206906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets are anucleate blood cells derived from megakaryocytes. They link the fundamental functions of hemostasis, inflammation and host defense. They undergo intracellular calcium flux, negatively charged phospholipid translocation, granule release and shape change to adhere to collagen, fibrin and each other, forming aggregates, which are key to several of their functions. In all these dynamic processes, the cytoskeleton plays a crucial role. Neuronal guidance proteins (NGPs) form attractive and repulsive signals to drive neuronal axon navigation and thus refine neuronal circuits. By binding to their target receptors, NGPs rearrange the cytoskeleton to mediate neuron motility. In recent decades, evidence has indicated that NGPs perform important immunomodulatory functions and influence platelet function. In this review, we highlight the roles of NGPs in platelet formation and activation.
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10
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Thomas R, Yang X. Semaphorins in immune cell function, inflammatory and infectious diseases. CURRENT RESEARCH IN IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 4:100060. [PMID: 37645659 PMCID: PMC10461194 DOI: 10.1016/j.crimmu.2023.100060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The Semaphorin family is a group of proteins studied broadly for their functions in nervous systems. They consist of eight subfamilies ubiquitously expressed in vertebrates, invertebrates, and viruses and exist in membrane-bound or secreted forms. Emerging evidence indicates the relevance of semaphorins outside the nervous system, including angiogenesis, cardiogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, tumour progression, and, more recently, the immune system. This review provides a broad overview of current knowledge on the role of semaphorins in the immune system, particularly its involvement in inflammatory and infectious diseases, including chlamydial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rony Thomas
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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11
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Pei T, Dai Y, Tan X, Geng A, Li S, Gui Y, Hu C, An J, Yu X, Bao X, Wang D. Yupingfeng San exhibits anticancer effect in hepatocellular carcinoma cells via the MAPK pathway revealed by HTS 2 technology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 306:116134. [PMID: 36627003 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Yupingfeng San (YPFS) is a classic rousing prescription in Chinese medicine, with widly clinical application and remarkably curative effect. It consists of three herbs named Astragalus mongholicus Bunge (Huangqi), Atractylodes rubra Dekker (Baizhu) and Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk. (Fangfeng), and has a variety of pharmacological activities including immune regulation, antioxidant, anti-tumor, regulation of cytokines, etc. AIM OF THE STUDY: It has been proved that YPFS exerts its anti-tumor effect through enhancing the systemic and local immune responses in tumor patients, moreover, it has the direct tumor-suppressing effect and can reduce the adverse reactions caused by radiotherapy and chemotherapy drugs. Therefore, in this study, we explored the potential anti-HCC mechanism of YPFS based on HTS2 technology and systems pharmacology, aiming to provide a scientific basis for the clinical application of YPFS and a new strategy for Chinese medicine research. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, systems pharmacology plus high throughput sequencing-based high throughput screening (HTS2) technology, and experimental validation were used to investigate the therapeutic mechanisms and the chemical basis of YPFS in HCC treatment. Firstly, the potential therapeutic targets and signaling pathways of YPFS in the treatment of HCC were obtained through systems pharmacology. Subsequently, HTS2 technology combined with PPI network analysis were used to reveal potential therapeutic targets. Finally, the anti-HCC effects and underlying mechanisms of YPFS were further verified in vitro in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. Moreover, the possible chemical basis was explored by drug target verification and molecular docking technology. RESULTS In total, 183 active ingredients were predicted by YPFS screening and 49 anti-HCC targets were further identified. Most of these targets were enriched into the "MAPK pathway", and the expression of 37 genes was significantly changed after herb treatment. Among them, 5 key targets, including VEGFA, GRB2, JUN, PDGFRB and CDC42, were predicted by protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. According to our results, YPFS inhibited the proliferation, induced the apoptosis and caused cell cycle arrest of HCC cells. In addition, YPFS significantly reduced P38 gene expression. Fangfeng, one of the three herbs in YPFS, significantly down-regulated the expression of more target genes than that of the other two herbs. Lastly, as revealed by molecular docking analysis, 4'-O-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol, an active ingredient identified in Fangfeng, showed a high affinity for P38. CONCLUSION Taken together, this study shows that YPFS possesses the activities of anti-proliferation and pro-apoptosis in treating HCC, which are achieved by inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway. P38 is one of the critical targets of YPFS in treating HCC, which may be directly bound and inhibited by 4'-O-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol, a compound derived from YPFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianli Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yifei Dai
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xue Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Aiai Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Shengrong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yu Gui
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Chao Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jun An
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xiankuo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xilinqiqige Bao
- Medical Innovation Center for Nationalities, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot City, 010110, China.
| | - Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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12
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Bica C, Tirpe A, Nutu A, Ciocan C, Chira S, Gurzau ES, Braicu C, Berindan-Neagoe I. Emerging roles and mechanisms of semaphorins activity in cancer. Life Sci 2023; 318:121499. [PMID: 36775114 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Semaphorins are regulatory molecules that are linked to the modulation of several cancer processes, such as angiogenesis, cancer cell invasiveness and metastasis, tumor growth, as well as cancer cell survival. Semaphorin (SEMA) activity depends on the cancer histotypes and their particularities. In broad terms, the effects of SEMAs result from their interaction with specific receptors/co-receptors - Plexins, Neuropilins and Integrins - and the subsequent effects upon the downstream effectors (e.g. PI3K/AKT, MAPK/ERK). The present article serves as an integrative review work, discussing the broad implications of semaphorins in cancer, focusing on cell proliferation/survival, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, stemness, and chemo-resistance/response whilst highlighting their heterogeneity as a family. Herein, we emphasized that semaphorins are largely implicated in cancer progression, interacting with the tumor microenvironment components. Whilst some SEMAs (e.g. SEMA3A, SEMA3B) function widely as tumor suppressors, others (e.g. SEMA3C) act as pro-tumor semaphorins. The differences observed in terms of the biological structure of SEMAs and the particularities of each cancer histotypes require that each semaphorin be viewed as a unique entity, and its roles must be researched accordingly. A more in-depth and comprehensive view of the molecular mechanisms that promote and sustain the malignant behavior of cancer cells is of utmost importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Bica
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca 400337, Romania.
| | - Alexandru Tirpe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca 400337, Romania; Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Andreea Nutu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca 400337, Romania.
| | - Cristina Ciocan
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca 400337, Romania.
| | - Sergiu Chira
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca 400337, Romania.
| | - Eugen S Gurzau
- Cluj School of Public Health, College of Political, Administrative and Communication Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, 7 Pandurilor Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Environmental Health Center, 58 Busuiocului Street, 400240 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca 400337, Romania.
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca 400337, Romania.
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13
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D'Antonio L, Fieni C, Ciummo SL, Vespa S, Lotti L, Sorrentino C, Di Carlo E. Inactivation of interleukin-30 in colon cancer stem cells via CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing inhibits their oncogenicity and improves host survival. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:jitc-2022-006056. [PMID: 36927528 PMCID: PMC10030651 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-006056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progression of colorectal cancer (CRC), a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, is driven by colorectal cancer stem cells (CR-CSCs), which are regulated by endogenous and microenvironmental signals. Interleukin (IL)-30 has proven to be crucial for CSC viability and tumor progression. Whether it is involved in CRC tumorigenesis and impacts clinical behavior is unknown. METHODS IL30 production and functions, in stem and non-stem CRC cells, were determined by western blot, immunoelectron microscopy, flow cytometry, cell viability and sphere formation assays. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deletion of the IL30 gene, RNA-Seq and implantation of IL30 gene transfected or deleted CR-CSCs in NSG mice allowed to investigate IL30's role in CRC oncogenesis. Bioinformatics and immunopathology of CRC samples highlighted the clinical implications. RESULTS We demonstrated that both CR-CSCs and CRC cells express membrane-anchored IL30 that regulates their self-renewal, via WNT5A and RAB33A, and/or proliferation and migration, primarily by upregulating CXCR4 via STAT3, which are suppressed by IL30 gene deletion, along with WNT and RAS pathways. Deletion of IL30 gene downregulates the expression of proteases, such as MMP2 and MMP13, chemokine receptors, mostly CCR7, CCR3 and CXCR4, and growth and inflammatory mediators, including ANGPT2, CXCL10, EPO, IGF1 and EGF. These factors contribute to IL30-driven CR-CSC and CRC cell expansion, which is abrogated by their selective blockade. IL30 gene deleted CR-CSCs displayed reduced tumorigenicity and gave rise to slow-growing and low metastatic tumors in 80% of mice, which survived much longer than controls. Bioinformatics and CIBERSORTx of the 'Colorectal Adenocarcinoma TCGA Nature 2012' collection, and morphometric assessment of IL30 expression in clinical CRC samples revealed that the lack of IL30 in CRC and infiltrating leucocytes correlates with prolonged overall survival. CONCLUSIONS IL30 is a new CRC driver, since its inactivation, which disables oncogenic pathways and multiple autocrine loops, inhibits CR-CSC tumorigenicity and metastatic ability. The development of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeting of IL30 could improve the current therapeutic landscape of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi D'Antonio
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Cristiano Fieni
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefania Livia Ciummo
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Simone Vespa
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Lavinia Lotti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Sorrentino
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Emma Di Carlo
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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14
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Kulaeva ED, Mashkina EV. mRNA-lncRNA gene expression signature for predicting pediatric AML relapse. Curr Res Transl Med 2023; 71:103379. [PMID: 36738660 DOI: 10.1016/j.retram.2023.103379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) face a relapse of the disease in 30% of all cases. AML relapse is difficult to predict, and existing risk scales are often ineffective. Using data from the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET-AML) project, we defined an expression signature based on matrix RNAs (mRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that could predict relapse in pediatric AML patients. We used a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis that included the identification of functionally significant differentially expressed genes in AML relapse, several rounds of association with relapse-free survival (RFS) mRNAs and lncRNAs selection, and evaluation of the obtained expression signatures to predict recurrence at the primary tumor level. Two mRNAs (ENSG00000149289.11 (ZC3H12C) and ENSG00000075213.11 (SEMA3A)) and one lncRNA (ENSG00000287569.1) were associated with a decreased RFS. Models including changes in the expression of ZC3H12C and ENSG00000287569.1, as well as all three markers, demonstrated very good quality and could predict the recurrence of pediatric AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- E D Kulaeva
- Southern Federal University, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Genetics, Human and Animal Genetics laboratory, 194/1 Stachki Ave, Rostov-on-Don, Russia 344090.
| | - E V Mashkina
- Southern Federal University, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Genetics, Human and Animal Genetics laboratory, 194/1 Stachki Ave, Rostov-on-Don, Russia 344090.
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15
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Semaphorin 3A: A potential target for prevention and treatment of nickel allergy. Commun Biol 2022; 5:671. [PMID: 35798870 PMCID: PMC9262932 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03641-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal allergy is one of the typical immune disorders encountered during the application of dental/medical materials and has a highly complex pathogenic mechanism. Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A), a member of the semaphorin family, is reported to be involved in various immune disorders. However, its role in metal allergy has not been clarified yet. Herein, we show that Sema3A expression was upregulated in nickel (Ni) allergy-induced mouse ear tissue and in NiCl2-stimulated mouse keratinocytes. Moreover, Sema3A regulated tumor necrosis factor-alpha production and mitogen-activated protein kinase activation in keratinocytes. The specific deletion of Sema3A in keratinocytes did not affect immune cell infiltration but reduced edema and ear swelling; it also impeded Th1 responses to cause a slight alleviation in Ni allergy in mice. Our results demonstrate that Sema3A promotes the development of metal allergy and should be explored as a potential target for the prevention and treatment of metal allergy. Semaphorin 3A is upregulated in keratinocytes upon nickel exposure, subsequently promoting Th1 cytokine responses and driving nickel allergic reactions.
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16
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Kiseleva EP, Rutto KV. Semaphorin 3A in the Immune System: Twenty Years of Study. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2022; 87:640-657. [PMID: 36154881 PMCID: PMC9282903 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297922070069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Semaphorin 3A is a secreted glycoprotein, which was originally identified as axon guidance factor in the neuronal system, but it also possesses immunoregulatory properties. Here, the effect of semaphorin 3A on T-lymphocytes, myeloid dendritic cells and macrophages is systematically analyzed on the bases of all publications available in the literature for 20 years. Expression of semaphorin 3A receptors – neuropilin-1 and plexins A – in these cells is described in details. The data obtained on human and murine cells is described comparatively. A comprehensive overview of the interaction of semaphorin 3A with mononuclear phagocyte system is presented for the first time. Semaphorin 3A signaling mostly results in changes of the cytoskeletal machinery and cellular morphology that regulate pathways involved in migration, adhesion, and cell–cell cooperation of immune cells. Accumulating evidence indicates that this factor is crucially involved in various phases of immune responses, including initiation phase, antigen presentation, effector T cell function, inflammation phase, macrophage activation, and polarization. In recent years, interest in this field has increased significantly because semaphorin 3A is associated with many human diseases and therefore can be used as a target for their treatment. Its involvement in the immune responses is important to study, because semaphorin 3A and its receptors turn to be a promising new therapeutic tools to be applied in many autoimmune, allergic, and oncology diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina P Kiseleva
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of Experimental Medicine", St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia.
- Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg, 195067, Russia
| | - Kristina V Rutto
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of Experimental Medicine", St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia.
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17
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Semaphorin-3 Promotes Specific Immunotherapy Effects on Experimental Food Allergy. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:5414993. [PMID: 35769512 PMCID: PMC9234049 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5414993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sustaining higher frequency of mast cells in the allergic lesion site has been recognized. Factors causing high numbers of mast cells in the local tissues are not fully understood yet. RAS signaling plays a role in sustaining certain cell activities. This study is aimed at elucidating the role of RAS activation in the apoptosis resistance induction in mast cells and at employing semaphorin 3A to regulate RAS activities in sensitized mast cells and alleviating the allergic response in the intestine. A food allergy (FA) mouse model was developed. Mast cells were isolated from FA mouse intestinal tissues by flow cytometry. Mast cell apoptosis was assessed by staining with annexin V and propidium iodide. We found that aberrantly higher p21-activated kinase-1 (Pak1) expression in FA mast cells was associated with mast cell aggregation in the intestine. Sensitization increased Pak1 expression and apoptosis resistance in intestinal mast cells. RAS and Pak1 mutually potentiated each other in sensitized mast cells. Semaphorin 3A (sema3A) suppressed the Pak1 expression and RAS activation in mast cells. sema3A restored the apoptosis sensitivity in sensitized mast cells. Administration of sema3A potentiated allergen-specific immunotherapy in experimental FA. In conclusion, mast cells of FA mice showed higher Pak1 expression and high RAS activation status that contributed to apoptosis resistance in mast cells. Administration of sema3A restored the sensitivity to apoptosis inducers and promoted the therapeutic effects of specific immunotherapy on experimental FA.
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18
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Fu Y, Liu JW, Wu J, Wu ZX, Li J, Ji HF, Liang NP, Zhang HJ, Lai ZQ, Dong YF. Inhibition of semaphorin-3a alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced vascular injury. Microvasc Res 2022; 142:104346. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2022.104346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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19
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Lotfi R, Zamanimehr N. Semaphorin-3A: a promising therapeutic tool in allergic rhinitis. Immunol Res 2022; 70:135-142. [PMID: 35031951 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-022-09264-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Semaphorin-3A (Sema-3A), a secreted member of the semaphorin family, is well known for playing regulatory functions at all stages of the immune response. Sema-3A transduces signals by binding to its cognate receptors, namely, class A plexins (Plxns A1 to A4) and neuropilin-1 (Nrp-1). The downstream diverse signaling pathways induced by connecting Sema-3A to its receptors were found to be involved in the pathogenesis of different immunological disorders, ranging from cancer to autoimmunity and allergies. Recent studies have demonstrated that Sema-3A expression is diminished in the murine models and patients with allergic rhinitis (AR; a chronic inflammatory disorder of the nasal mucosa), suggesting the involvement of Sema-3A in AR pathogenesis. Investigations also revealed that treatment of these mice with exogenous Sema-3A protein alleviates the clinical symptom scores of AR, thereby compensating for the reduced expression of Sema-3A in AR. Indeed, Sema-3A treatment could suppress allergic responses in AR via inhibiting Th2/Th17 responses and boosting Th1/Treg responses. Also, Sema-3A could diminish dendritic cell (DC) maturation and T cell proliferation. Since it is implicated in the pathogenesis of AR; thus, Sema-3A turns to be a promising tool of therapy to be studied and utilized in this disease. This review intends to highlight the recent evidence on the role of Sema-3A in AR pathogenesis and summarizes the recent findings regarding the expression status of Sema-3A, as well as its therapeutic potential for treating this disease. HIGHLIGHTS: Sema-3A plays regulatory functions at all stages of the immune response. Sema-3A receptors are the class A plexins (A1-A4) and neuropilin-1 (Nrp-1). Sema-3A expression is reduced in murine models and patients with allergic rhinitis. Connecting Sema-3A to Nrp-1 increases Foxp3 expression in Treg cells. Injecting Sema-3A protein exerts therapeutic effects in mouse models of allergic diseases. Sema-3A shows promise as a therapeutic tool for the treatment of allergic rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Lotfi
- Clinical Research Development Center, Tohid Hospital, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran. .,Lung Diseases and Allergy Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, 6617713446, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - Nahid Zamanimehr
- Clinical Research Development Center, Tohid Hospital, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.,Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
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20
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Chuckran CA, Liu C, Bruno TC, Workman CJ, Vignali DA. Neuropilin-1: a checkpoint target with unique implications for cancer immunology and immunotherapy. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 8:jitc-2020-000967. [PMID: 32675311 PMCID: PMC7368550 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-000967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Checkpoint blockade immunotherapy established a new paradigm in cancer treatment: for certain patients curative treatment requires immune reinvigoration. Despite this monumental advance, only 20%–30% of patients achieve an objective response to standard of care immunotherapy, necessitating the consideration of alternative targets. Optimal strategies will not only stimulate CD8+ T cells, but concomitantly modulate immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), most notably regulatory T cells (Treg cells). In this context, the immunoregulatory receptor Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) is garnering renewed attention as it reinforces intratumoral Treg cell function amidst inflammation in the TME. Loss of NRP1 on Treg cells in mouse models restores antitumor immunity without sacrificing peripheral tolerance. Enrichment of NRP1+ Treg cells is observed in patients across multiple malignancies with cancer, both intratumorally and in peripheral sites. Thus, targeting NRP1 may safely undermine intratumoral Treg cell fitness, permitting enhanced inflammatory responses with existing immunotherapies. Furthermore, NRP1 has been recently found to modulate tumor-specific CD8+ T cell responses. Emerging data suggest that NRP1 restricts CD8+ T cell reinvigoration in response to checkpoint inhibitors, and more importantly, acts as a barrier to the long-term durability of CD8+ T cell-mediated tumor immunosurveillance. These novel and distinct regulatory mechanisms present an exciting therapeutic opportunity. This review will discuss the growing literature on NRP1-mediated immune modulation which provides a strong rationale for categorizing NRP1 as both a key checkpoint in the TME as well as an immunotherapeutic target with promise either alone or in combination with current standard of care therapeutic regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Chuckran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Tumor Microenvironment Center and the Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Graduate Program of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Tumor Microenvironment Center and the Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tullia C Bruno
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Tumor Microenvironment Center and the Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Creg J Workman
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Tumor Microenvironment Center and the Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dario Aa Vignali
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA .,Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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21
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Abberger H, Barthel R, Bahr J, Thiel J, Luppus S, Buer J, Westendorf AM, Hansen W. Neuropilin-1 Is Expressed on Highly Activated CD4 + Effector T Cells and Dysfunctional CD4 + Conventional T Cells from Naive Mice. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2021; 207:1288-1297. [PMID: 34341169 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Neuropilin-1 (Nrp-1) is a well described marker molecule for CD4+Foxp3+ thymus-derived regulatory T cells (Tregs). In addition, a small population of CD4+Foxp3- conventional (conv) T cells expresses Nrp-1 in naive mice, and Nrp-1 expression has been described to be upregulated on activated CD4+ T cells. However, the function of Nrp-1 expression on CD4+ non-Tregs still remains elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that Nrp-1 expression was induced upon stimulation of CD4+Foxp3- T cells in vitro and during an ongoing immune response in vivo. This activation-induced Nrp-1+CD4+ T cell subset (iNrp-1+) showed a highly activated phenotype in terms of elevated CD25 and CD44 expression, enhanced production of proinflammatory cytokines, and increased proliferation compared with the Nrp-1-CD4+ counterpart. In contrast, Nrp-1+CD4+Foxp3- conv T cells from naive mice (nNrp-1+) were dysfunctional. nNrp-1+CD4+ conv T cells upregulated activation-associated molecules to a lesser extent, exhibited impaired proliferation and produced fewer proinflammatory cytokines than Nrp-1-CD4+ conv T cells upon stimulation in vitro. Moreover, the expression of PD-1 and CTLA-4 was significantly higher on nNrp-1+CD4+Foxp3- T cells compared with iNrp-1+CD4+Foxp3- T cells and Nrp-1-CD4+Foxp3- T cells after stimulation and under homeostatic conditions. Strikingly, transfer of Ag-specific iNrp-1+CD4+ conv T cells aggravated diabetes development, whereas Ag-specific nNrp-1+CD4+ conv T cells failed to induce disease in a T cell transfer model of diabetes. Overall, our results indicate that Nrp-1 expression has opposite functions in recently activated CD4+ non-Tregs compared with CD4+ non-Tregs from naive mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Abberger
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Romy Barthel
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jasmin Bahr
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Thiel
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sina Luppus
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jan Buer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Astrid M Westendorf
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Wiebke Hansen
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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22
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Nakanishi Y, Kang S, Kumanogoh A. Neural guidance factors as hubs of immunometabolic crosstalk. Int Immunol 2021; 33:749-754. [PMID: 34174067 PMCID: PMC8633672 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxab035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Semaphorins were originally identified as axon-guidance molecules essential for neural development. In addition to their functions in the neural system, members of the semaphorin family have critical functions in many pathophysiological processes, including immune responses, bone homeostasis, cancer and metabolic disorders. In particular, several lines of evidence indicate that mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), a central regulator of cell metabolism, regulates the functions of semaphorins in various types of cells, revealing a novel link between semaphorins and cell metabolism. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the immunometabolic functions of semaphorins, with a particular focus on mTOR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimitsu Nakanishi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita City, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Immunopathology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita City, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Suita City, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Sujin Kang
- Department of Immune Regulation, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita City, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kumanogoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita City, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Immunopathology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita City, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Suita City, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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23
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Semaphorin3A increases M1-like microglia and retinal ganglion cell apoptosis after optic nerve injury. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:97. [PMID: 34039431 PMCID: PMC8157735 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00603-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mechanisms leading to retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death after optic nerve injury have not been fully elucidated. Current evidence indicates that microglial activation and M1- and M2-like dynamics may be an important factor in RGC apoptosis after optic nerve crush (ONC). Semaphorin3A (Sema3A) is a classic axonal guidance protein,which has been found to have a role in neuroinflammation processes. In this study, we investigated the contribution of microglial-derived Sema3A to progressive RGC apoptosis through regulating paradigm of M1- and M2-like microglia after ONC. Method
A mouse ONC model and a primary microglial-RGC co-culture system were used in the present study. The expression of M1- and M2-like microglial activation markers were assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Histological and Western blot (WB) analyses were used to investigate the polarization patterns of microglia transitions and the levels of Sema3A. RGC apoptosis was investigated by TUNEL staining and caspase-3 detection. Results Levels of Sema3A in the mouse retina increased after ONC. Treatment of mice with the stimulating factor 1 receptor antagonist PLX3397 resulted in a decrease of retinal microglia. The levels of CD16/32 (M1) were up-regulated at days 3 and 7 post-ONC. However, CD206 (M2) declined on day 7 after ONC. Exposure to anti-Sema3A antibodies (anti-Sema3A) resulted in a decrease in the number of M1-like microglia, an increase in the number of M2-like microglia, and the amelioration of RGC apoptosis. Conclusions An increase in microglia-derived Sema3A in the retina after ONC partially leads to a continuous increase of M1-like microglia and plays an important role in RGC apoptosis. Inhibition of Sema3A activity may be a novel approach to the prevention of RGC apoptosis after optic nerve injury. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13578-021-00603-7.
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24
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Gao Y, Wang C, Wang Z, Li W, Liu Y, Shou S, Chai Y. Semaphorin 3A contributes to sepsis‑induced immunosuppression by impairing CD4 + T cell anergy. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:302. [PMID: 33649856 PMCID: PMC7930987 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.11941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A), a member of the Sema family of proteins, appears to serve an important role in sepsis and sepsis‑induced immunosuppression and has been regarded as a crucial regulator involved in cellular immune response. However, the role of Sema3A in CD4+ T cell anergy during sepsis remains to be elucidated. In the present study, the cecal ligation and perforation model and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were used to simulate sepsis and the role of Sema3A in sepsis‑induced CD4+ T cell anergy was investigated in vivo and in vitro. In vivo, the serum concentration of Sema3A was enhanced and exacerbated sepsis‑induced T cell immunosuppression and multiple organ dysfunction syndromes (MODS). Administration of (‑)‑epigallocatechin‑3‑gallate, an inhibitor of Sema3A, markedly improved sepsis‑induced T cell immunosuppression and MODS. In vitro, both lymphoid and myeloid lineages secreted high concentration of Sema3A in LPS‑induced sepsis, especially in the lymphoid lineage. Inhibition of Sema3A alleviated T cell anergy. The NF‑κB signaling pathway was involved in Sema3A‑mediated autocrine loop aggravating T cell immune dysfunction during LPS‑induced sepsis. Inhibiting Sema3A exerted significant improvement of sepsis‑induced immunosuppression and MODS, which was associated with improvement of CD4+ T cells anergy via regulation of the NF‑κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulei Gao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Chunxue Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Airport Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300047, P.R. China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yancun Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Songtao Shou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yanfen Chai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
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25
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Expression of Semaphorin 3A in Malignant and Normal Bladder Tissue: Immunohistochemistry Staining and Morphometric Evaluation. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10020109. [PMID: 33546237 PMCID: PMC7913361 DOI: 10.3390/biology10020109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) was shown to play a significant role in different neoplasms. In a previous study by our team, we showed that Sema3A is overexpressed in patients with urothelial carcinoma (UC). In this study, we analyzed 43 specimens from patients with the entire spectrum of UC and compared them with samples from 14 normal urothelium using immunostaining and computerized morphometry. The results showed that patients with UC had intense Sema3A staining in the apical layer of the mucosa compared to patients without UC. Moreover, patients with higher grade UC showed intense Sema3A staining across all mucosal layers. Abstract Introduction: Our previous studies showed elevated levels of Semaphorin3a (Sema3A) in the urine of patients with urothelial cancer compared to healthy patients. The aim of this study was to analyze the extent of Sema3A expression in normal and malignant urothelial tissue using immune-staining microscopic and morphometric analysis. Materials and Methods: Fifty-seven paraffin-embedded bladder samples were retrieved from our pathology archive and analyzed: 14 samples of normal urothelium, 21 samples containing low-grade urothelial carcinoma, 13 samples of patients with high-grade urothelial carcinoma, 7 samples containing muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma, and 2 samples with pure urothelial carcinoma in situ. All samples were immunostained with anti Sema3A antibodies. The area of tissue stained with Sema3A and its intensity were analyzed using computerized morphometry and compared between the samples’ groups. Results: In normal bladder tissue, very light Sema3A staining was demonstrated on the mucosal basal layer and completely disappeared on the apical layer. In low-grade tumor samples, cells in the basal layer of the mucosa were also lightly stained with Sema3A, but Seama3A expression intensified upon moving apically, reaching its highest level on apical cells exfoliating to the urine. In high grade urothelial tumors, Seama3A staining was intense in the entire thickness of the mucosa. In samples containing carcinoma in situ, staining intensity was high and homogenous in all the neoplastic cells. Conclusions: Sema3A may be serve as a potential non-invasive marker of urothelial cancer.
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Lins MP, Medeiros NC, Carmo J, Porto FL, dos Santos Reis MD, Smaniotto S. The Responsiveness of Thymic Stromal Cells to semaphorin-3A. Immunol Invest 2020; 51:395-410. [DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2020.1834578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Paulo Lins
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil
- Brazilian National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Návylla Candeia Medeiros
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil
| | - Julianderson Carmo
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil
- Brazilian National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Felipe Lima Porto
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil
| | - Maria Danielma dos Santos Reis
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil
- Brazilian National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Salete Smaniotto
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil
- Brazilian National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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郭 倩, 马 晓, 高 辉, 石 连, 钟 昱, 谢 琳, 邵 苗, 张 学. [Association of Semaphorin 3A with thrombocytopenia in systemic lupus erythematosus]. BEIJING DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF PEKING UNIVERSITY. HEALTH SCIENCES 2020; 52:892-896. [PMID: 33047725 PMCID: PMC7653423 DOI: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167x.2020.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To measure the level of serum Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) and to analyze the relationship between serum Sema3A and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with thrombocytopenia. METHODS The concentration of serum Sema3A was detected by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) in 170 SLE patients, 50 Sjögren's syndrome (SS) patients, 19 hypersplenism (HS) patients and 150 healthy controls (HC). Based on the presence of thrombocytopenia and whether the thrombocytopenia was in remission, the SLE patients were divided into three groups: SLE with thrombocytopenia (41 cases), SLE with thrombocytopenia remission (28 cases), and SLE without thrombocytopenia (101 cases). According to whether there was thrombocytopenia, the SS patients were divided into SS with thrombocytopenia (18 cases) and SS without thrombocytopenia (32 cases). The 28 SLE patients who underwent bone marrow aspiration biopsy were divided into two groups from the aspect of whether the bone marrow hyperplasia was normal (19 cases) or low (9 cases), as well as from the aspect of whether the maturity disturbance of megakaryocyte was positive (8 cases) or negative (20 cases). The serum Sema3A levels in SLE, SS, HS with HC were compared, meanwhile, the correlation between serum Sema3A level and platelet (PLT) in the patients with different diseases analyzed. RESULTS (1) Serum Sema3A levels in SLE were significantly lower than in HC [(3.84±2.76) μg/L vs. (6.96±2.62) μg/L, P < 0.001], serum Sema3A levels in SS were also obviously lower than in HC [(4.35±3.57) μg/L vs. (6.96±2.62) μg/L, P < 0.001], and in HS it was lower than HC at a certain extant [(5.67±2.26) μg/L vs. (6.96±2.62) μg/L, P=0.041]. (2) Serum Sema3A levels in SLE were slightly lower than in SS, but there was no significant difference [(3.84±2.76) μg/L vs. (4.35±3.57) μg/L, P=0.282]. However, when compared with HS, serum Sema3A levels in SLE were significantly lower [(3.84±2.76) μg/L vs. (5.67±2.26) μg/L, P=0.006]. (3) Serum Sema3A concentration in SLE with thrombocytopenia was significantly lower than in SLE with thrombocytopenia remission [(1.28±1.06) μg/L vs. (3.83±2.65) μg/L, P < 0.001], and in SLE patients without thrombocytopenia [(1.28±1.06) μg/L vs. (4.87±2.60) μg/L, P < 0.001]. There was no significant difference between SLE with thrombocytopenia remission and SLE without thrombocytopenia [(3.83±2.65) μg/L vs. (4.87±2.600 μg/L, P=0.123]. Serum Sema3A concentration in SLE with thrombocytopenia was slightly lower than in SS with thrombocytopenia, but there was no significant difference [(1.28±1.06) μg/L vs. (1.68±1.11) μg/L, P=0.189]. (4) Strong positive correlations were found between serum Sema3A and PLT in SLE (r=0.600, P < 0.001). Positive correlations were also found between serum Sema3A and PLT in SS (r=0.573, P < 0.001). However, there was no such correlation showed in HS patients (P=0.393). (5) There was no significant difference of serum Sema3A concentration in SLE whether the bone marrow hyperplasia was normal or low. And the same situation appeared in the patients whether the maturity disturbance of megakaryocyte was positive or negative (P>0.05). CONCLUSION Serum Sema3A was significantly reduced in SLE patients, and it was highly correlated with the blood damage. Similar conclusions could be drawn in patients with SS. The serum level of Sema3A was generally decreasing in desmosis which merged thrombocytopenia, and was obviously positive correlated with platelet counts.
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Affiliation(s)
- 倩 郭
- 北京大学人民医院风湿免疫科,北京 100044Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
- 北京大学国际医院风湿免疫科,北京 102206Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - 晓旭 马
- 北京大学人民医院风湿免疫科,北京 100044Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - 辉 高
- 北京大学国际医院风湿免疫科,北京 102206Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - 连杰 石
- 北京大学国际医院风湿免疫科,北京 102206Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - 昱超 钟
- 北京大学人民医院风湿免疫科,北京 100044Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - 琳峰 谢
- 北京大学人民医院风湿免疫科,北京 100044Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - 苗 邵
- 北京大学人民医院风湿免疫科,北京 100044Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - 学武 张
- 北京大学人民医院风湿免疫科,北京 100044Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
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Fard D, Tamagnone L. Semaphorins in health and disease. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2020; 57:55-63. [PMID: 32900601 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cell-cell communication is pivotal to guide embryo development, as well as to maintain adult tissues homeostasis and control immune response. Among extracellular factors responsible for this function, are the Semaphorins, a broad family of around 20 different molecular cues conserved in evolution and widely expressed in all tissues. The signaling cascades initiated by semaphorins depend on a family of conserved receptors, called Plexins, and on several additional molecules found in the receptor complexes. Moreover, multiple intracellular pathways have been described to act downstream of semaphorins, highlighting significant diversity in the signaling cascades controlled by this family. Notably, semaphorin expression is altered in many human diseases, such as immunopathologies, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. This underscores the importance of semaphorins as regulatory factors in the tissue microenvironment and has prompted growing interest for assessing their potential relevance in medicine. This review article surveys the main contexts in which semaphorins have been found to regulate developing and healthy adult tissues, and the signaling cascades implicated in these functions. Vis a vis, we will highlight the main pathological processes in which semaphorins are thought to have a role thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damon Fard
- University of Torino School of Medicine, Torino, Italy
| | - Luca Tamagnone
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
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29
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Rose M, Duhamel M, Aboulouard S, Kobeissy F, Le Rhun E, Desmons A, Tierny D, Fournier I, Rodet F, Salzet M. The Role of a Proprotein Convertase Inhibitor in Reactivation of Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Inhibition of Glioma Growth. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2020; 17:31-46. [PMID: 32300641 PMCID: PMC7152595 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tumors are characterized by the presence of malignant and non-malignant cells, such as immune cells including macrophages, which are preponderant. Macrophages impact the efficacy of chemotherapy and may lead to drug resistance. In this context and based on our previous work, we investigated the ability to reactivate macrophages by using a proprotein convertases inhibitor. Proprotein convertases process immature proteins into functional proteins, with several of them having a role in immune cell activation and tumorigenesis. Macrophages were treated with a peptidomimetic inhibitor targeting furin, PC1/3, PC4, PACE4, and PC5/6. Their anti-glioma activity was analyzed by mass spectrometry-based proteomics and viability assays in 2D and 3D in vitro cultures. Comparison with temozolomide, the drug used for glioma therapy, established that the inhibitor was more efficient for the reduction of cancer cell density. The inhibitor was also able to reactivate macrophages through the secretion of several immune factors with antitumor properties. Moreover, two proteins considered as good glioma patient survival indicators were also identified in 3D cultures treated with the inhibitor. Finally, we established that the proprotein convertases inhibitor has a dual role as an anti-glioma drug and anti-tumoral macrophage reactivation drug. This strategy could be used together with chemotherapy to increase therapy efficacy in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Rose
- Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), INSERM U1192, Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France.,Oncovet Clinical Research (OCR), SIRIC ONCOLille, 59650 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Marie Duhamel
- Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), INSERM U1192, Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Soulaimane Aboulouard
- Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), INSERM U1192, Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Emilie Le Rhun
- Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), INSERM U1192, Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Annie Desmons
- Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), INSERM U1192, Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Dominique Tierny
- Oncovet Clinical Research (OCR), SIRIC ONCOLille, 59650 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Isabelle Fournier
- Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), INSERM U1192, Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Franck Rodet
- Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), INSERM U1192, Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Michel Salzet
- Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), INSERM U1192, Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
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30
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Imoto T, Kondo S, Wakisaka N, Hai PT, Seishima N, Kano M, Ueno T, Mizokami H, Nakanishi Y, Hatano M, Endo K, Sugimoto H, Moriyama-Kita M, Yoshizaki T. Overexpression of Semaphorin 3A is a Marker Associated with Poor Prognosis in Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8030423. [PMID: 32192122 PMCID: PMC7143379 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8030423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Semaphorins were discovered as guidance signals that mediate neural development. Recent studies suggest that semaphorin 3A (Sema3A), a member of the semaphorin family, is involved in the development of several cancers. This study aimed to analyze the association of Sema3A with the clinical features of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), an Epstein–Barr virus-associated carcinoma, and the Epstein–Barr virus primary oncogene latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1). The expression of Sema3A and LMP1 was immunohistochemically examined in the 35 NPC specimens. The mean expression scores for Sema3A and LMP1 were 20.8% ± 14.5% and 13.9% ± 14.8%, respectively. The expression of Sema3A significantly correlated with that of LMP1 (r = 0.41, p = 0.014). In addition, the Sema3A high cohort showed significantly poorer prognosis than the Sema3A low cohort. Sema3A expression was higher in the LMP1-positive KH-1 and KR-4 cell lines compared to the LMP1-negative HeLa cells. Overexpression of LMP1 in the LMP1-negative AdAH cell line upregulated Sema3A expression, both at the transcriptional and translational level. Finally, Sema3A expression was associated with poor prognosis in patients with NPC. Our data suggest that LMP1 induces the expression of Sema3A, which may promote tumor progression in NPC.
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31
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Xiang Y, Zhang Y, Xia Y, Zhao H, Liu A, Chen Y. LncRNA MEG3 targeting miR-424-5p via MAPK signaling pathway mediates neuronal apoptosis in ischemic stroke. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:3156-3174. [PMID: 32065781 PMCID: PMC7066902 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are significant regulators in the pathological process of ischemic stroke (IS). However, little is known about lncRNAs and their roles in IS. In this study, we aimed to screen out differentially expressed lncRNAs and revealed the underlying mechanisms in IS. The results of bioinformatic analysis showed that lncRNA MEG3 and Sema3A were over-expressed in IS samples, while miR-424-5p was lower-expressed. Correlation between MEG3/miR-424-5p, and miR-424-5p/Sema3A were predicted with miRanda and TargetScan, and verified by dual luciferase assay. Inhibition of MEG3 remarkably increased the expression of miR-424-5p and decreased the expression of Sema3A, which also led to in an increased cell viability and decreased cellular apoptosis in oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) model, as well as an activated MAPK signaling pathways. Consistently, MEG3 was upregulated in MCAO mice, knockdown of MEG3 reduced the infarct volume and improved neurobehavioral outcomes in rats following MCAO. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that MEG3 accelerated the process of IS by suppressing miR-424-5p, which targeted Sema3A and the activated MAPK pathway. These results might provide useful information for exploring the potential therapeutic targets in IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxiao Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.,School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China.,Department of Emergency Medicine and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yayun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yanni Xia
- Department of Operating Room, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Hua Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Anchang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yuguo Chen
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China.,Department of Emergency Medicine and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.,Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
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Semaphorin-3A Inhibits Proliferation, but Does Not Affect Apoptosis of Mouse Thymocytes In Vitro. Bull Exp Biol Med 2020; 168:352-355. [PMID: 31938904 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-020-04707-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal factor semaphorin-3A is viewed as immune suppressant of peripheral T lymphocytes, but it can also negatively affect activity of the thymus, the central organ of the immune system. The study examined the effects of this factor on proliferative activity and apoptosis of mouse thymocytes in vitro. Semaphorin-3A inhibited spontaneous and mitogen-stimulated proliferative activity of thymocytes producing no effect on the development of apoptosis in these cells. Flow cytometry revealed expression of semaphorin-3A receptors neuropilin-1 and plexin-A1 on thymocyte membranes. Approximately 13% thymocytes simultaneously expressed both receptors. The study suggests that semaphorin-3A, which is constitutively synthesized in thymic stroma in vivo, can play the role of inhibitory factor during thymocyte maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Han Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei
| | - Eric Y Cuang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei.,Department of Electronic Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei.,Biomedical Technology and Device Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu
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Leclerc M, Voilin E, Gros G, Corgnac S, de Montpréville V, Validire P, Bismuth G, Mami-Chouaib F. Regulation of antitumour CD8 T-cell immunity and checkpoint blockade immunotherapy by Neuropilin-1. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3345. [PMID: 31350404 PMCID: PMC6659631 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11280-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropilin-1 (Nrp-1) is a marker for murine CD4+FoxP3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells, a subset of human CD4+ Treg cells, and a population of CD8+ T cells infiltrating certain solid tumours. However, whether Nrp-1 regulates tumour-specific CD8 T-cell responses is still unclear. Here we show that Nrp-1 defines a subset of CD8+ T cells displaying PD-1hi status and infiltrating human lung cancer. Interaction of Nrp-1 with its ligand semaphorin-3A inhibits migration and tumour-specific lytic function of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. In vivo, Nrp-1+PD-1hi CD8+ tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in B16F10 melanoma are enriched for tumour-reactive T cells exhibiting an exhausted state, expressing Tim-3, LAG-3 and CTLA-4 inhibitory receptors. Anti-Nrp-1 neutralising antibodies enhance the migration and cytotoxicity of Nrp-1+PD-1hi CD8+ TIL ex vivo, while in vivo immunotherapeutic blockade of Nrp-1 synergises with anti-PD-1 to enhance CD8+ T-cell proliferation, cytotoxicity and tumour control. Thus, Nrp-1 could be a target for developing combined immunotherapies. Neuropilin-1 (Nrp-1) is a marker for CD4 + regulatory T cells. Here the authors show that Nrp-1 is co-expressed with PD-1 on a subset of CD8 tumour-infiltrating T lymphocytes and inhibits T-cell migration and cytotoxicity when bound by its ligand semaphorin-3A, while blockade of Nrp-1 synergises with anti-PD-1 to promote antitumour immunity in mouse tumour models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Leclerc
- INSERM UMR 1186, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Faculté de Médecine-Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Elodie Voilin
- INSERM UMR 1186, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Faculté de Médecine-Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Gwendoline Gros
- INSERM UMR 1186, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Faculté de Médecine-Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Stéphanie Corgnac
- INSERM UMR 1186, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Faculté de Médecine-Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Vincent de Montpréville
- INSERM UMR 1186, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Faculté de Médecine-Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France.,Centre chirurgical Marie-Lannelongue, Service d'Anatomie Pathologie, 92350, Le-Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Pierre Validire
- Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Service d'Anatomie pathologique, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Georges Bismuth
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, 75014, Paris, France.,CNRS, Unité mixte de Recherche 8104, 75014, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Fathia Mami-Chouaib
- INSERM UMR 1186, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, PSL, Faculté de Médecine-Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France.
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Karpuz T, Araz M, Korkmaz L, Kılınc I, Findik S, Karaagaç M, Eryilmaz MK, Artac M. The Prognostic Value of Serum Semaphorin3A and VEGF Levels in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. J Gastrointest Cancer 2019; 51:491-497. [PMID: 31218581 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-019-00263-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite new treatment options in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), new prognostic markers are still needed to determine optimal chemoregimen especially for anti-angiogenesis drugs. In this study, we evaluated the serum semaphorin and VEGF-A levels as prognostic factors in patients with mCRC. METHODS Patients with diagnosed mCRC who were treated with first-line bevacizumab plus chemotherapy were included in the study. Venous blood samples of 37 patients with metastatic colon cancer were taken, and serum semaphorin 3A and VEGF-A levels were studied in pre-treatment and the 1st and third months after the treatment was initiated. RESULTS Totally, 37 patients were enrolled in the study. The patients' mean age was 62 years. Twenty-eight (49%) of the patients were male, and 19 (51%) were female. Serum semaphorin3A (sema3A) levels of the patients were 5.4 ± 7.4 ng/ml before the treatment, 3.5 ± 3.3 ng/ml at the first month, and 3.5 ± 3.7 ng/ml at the third month. Serum VEGF-A levels were 27.7 ± 32.9 ng/l before the treatment, 23.1 ± 28.1 ng/l at the first month, and 28.9 ± 30.2 ng/l at the third month. There was no significant correlation between the survival and pre-treatment VEGF-A level (p = 0.064). Overall survival (OS) was statistically significantly higher in patients with pre-treatment semaphorin 3A levels below 5.4 ng/ml than higher than 5.4 ng/ml (10.5 months vs 4.5 months, respectively, HR 0.23, 95% CI 19.635-11,391, p = 0.012). CONCLUSION Pre-treatment semaphorin 3A level can be a prognostic marker for the mCRC patients who were treated with bevacizumab in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuba Karpuz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine, Saraykoy Akyokus Street, 42080, Konya, Turkey
| | - Murat Araz
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Oncology, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine, Saraykoy Akyokus Street, 42080, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Levent Korkmaz
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Oncology, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine, Saraykoy Akyokus Street, 42080, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Kılınc
- Department of Biochemistry, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine, Saraykoy Akyokus Street, 42080, Konya, Turkey
| | - Sidika Findik
- Department of Pathology, Saraykoy Akyokus Street, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine, postal code, 42080, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Karaagaç
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Oncology, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine, Saraykoy Akyokus Street, 42080, Konya, Turkey
| | - Melek Karakurt Eryilmaz
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Oncology, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine, Saraykoy Akyokus Street, 42080, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Artac
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Oncology, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine, Saraykoy Akyokus Street, 42080, Konya, Turkey
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Abstract
CD8 T cell responses are critical to control both virus infections and tumors. The ability of these cells to persist for long periods of time can result in lifelong immunity, as relatively small populations of cells can expand rapidly to counter reexposure to the same insult. Understanding the molecules necessary for this rapid secondary expansion is critical if we are to develop therapies that can provide lifelong protection. This report shows an important and complex role for the molecule neuropilin-1 in the secondary response. Several cancer therapies targeting neuropilin-1 are in development, and this work will lead to better understanding of the effect these therapies could have upon the protective CD8 T cell response. Neuropilin-1 (Nrp1) plays important roles in axonal guidance in neurons and in the growth of new blood vessels. There is also a growing appreciation for roles played by neuropilin-1 in the immune response. This molecule is important for the function of regulatory T cells; however, roles in other T cell populations have not been identified. Here, we show that neuropilin-1 is expressed during the peak of the antiviral CD8 T cell response during murine gammaherpesvirus infection. Using a conditional knockout model, we deleted Nrp1 either before infection or after CD8 T cell memory had been established. We found that deletion of Nrp1 skewed the acute CD8 T cell response toward a memory precursor-like phenotype; however, the ensuing resting memory response was similar regardless of Nrp1 expression. Interestingly, Nrp1 deletion had differing effects on the recall response depending on the timing of deletion. When deleted before infection, Nrp1 deficiency inhibited the secondary response. Deletion just prior to reexposure to virus led to an enhanced secondary response. Interestingly, these effects were observed only in mice infected with a persistent strain of murine gammaherpesvirus and not with a nonpersistent mutant strain. These data highlight a multifaceted role for neuropilin-1 in memory CD8 T cell differentiation, dependent upon the stage of the T cell response and characteristics of the infectious agent. Several therapeutic anticancer therapies focus on inhibition of Nrp1 to restrict tumor growth, and so knowledge of how Nrp1 blockade may affect the CD8 T cell response will provide a better understanding of treatment consequences. IMPORTANCE CD8 T cell responses are critical to control both virus infections and tumors. The ability of these cells to persist for long periods of time can result in lifelong immunity, as relatively small populations of cells can expand rapidly to counter reexposure to the same insult. Understanding the molecules necessary for this rapid secondary expansion is critical if we are to develop therapies that can provide lifelong protection. This report shows an important and complex role for the molecule neuropilin-1 in the secondary response. Several cancer therapies targeting neuropilin-1 are in development, and this work will lead to better understanding of the effect these therapies could have upon the protective CD8 T cell response.
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Zhang C, Xu S, Zhang S, Liu M, Du H, Sun R, Jing B, Sun Y. Ageing characteristics of bone indicated by transcriptomic and exosomal proteomic analysis of cortical bone cells. J Orthop Surg Res 2019; 14:129. [PMID: 31077243 PMCID: PMC6509863 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-019-1163-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Degenerative changes in the skeleton play an important role in ageing. As the foremost sensors and orchestrators of bone remodelling, osteocytes contribute significantly to the health of the skeleton. Embedded in a mineralized bone matrix, the osteocyte network and the surrounding lacunar canaliculae work together as a functional syncytium-the osteocytic lacunar-canalicular system (OLCS). However, changes in the OLCS during ageing and related mechanisms cannot be fully understood by using traditional histological analysis. METHODS To link the phenotypes of aged osteocytes and their functional changes during ageing, we analysed the changes in the gene expression profiles of bone cells and the proteomic profiles of OLCS exosomes derived from aged and young cortical bone. RESULTS Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) suggested that a decline in cell energy metabolism and an increased level of the proinflammatory state are major characteristics of bone ageing. Moreover, some DEGs were key regulators of bone mechanical sensation and bone remodelling, which are indicative of reduced bone-specific function with age. Further, the identified proteins in OLCS exosomes showed potential changes in the secretory function bone. Compared with young controls, the decreased functional proteins in aged OLCS exosomes were enriched mainly in GO terms that included regulating bone development and remodelling, cell-matrix adhesion, and cell clearance and homeostasis. Notably, several functions of exosomal proteins of the aged group revealed potential new roles, such as regulating innate and adaptive immunity, wound healing, and angiogenesis and eliminating oxidative stress. CONCLUSION The information obtained from bone cells and OLCS exosomes will help us discover new features of bone ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, 399 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Shuyu Xu
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, 399 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Shufan Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, 399 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, 399 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Haiming Du
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, 399 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Ruinan Sun
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, 399 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Bo Jing
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yao Sun
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, 399 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072 China
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Multifaceted Functional Role of Semaphorins in Glioblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092144. [PMID: 31052281 PMCID: PMC6539029 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant tumor type affecting the adult central nervous system. Despite advances in therapy, the prognosis for patients with GBM remains poor, with a median survival of about 15 months. To date, few treatment options are available and recent trials based on the molecular targeting of some of the GBM hallmark pathways (e.g., angiogenesis) have not produced any significant improvement in overall survival. The urgent need to develop more efficacious targeted therapies has led to a better molecular characterization of GBM, revealing an emerging role of semaphorins in GBM progression. Semphorins are a wide group of membrane-bound and secreted proteins, originally identified as axon guidance cues, signaling through their receptors, neuropilins, and plexins. A number of semaphorin signals involved in the control of axonal growth and navigation during development have been found to furthermore participate in crosstalk with different dysfunctional GBM pathways, controlling tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, as well as tumor angiogenesis or immune response. In this review, we summarize the regulatory activities mediated by semaphorins and their receptors on the oncogenic pathways implicated in GBM growth and invasive/metastatic progression.
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Class-3 Semaphorins and Their Receptors: Potent Multifunctional Modulators of Tumor Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030556. [PMID: 30696103 PMCID: PMC6387194 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Semaphorins are the products of a large gene family containing 28 genes of which 21 are found in vertebrates. Class-3 semaphorins constitute a subfamily of seven vertebrate semaphorins which differ from the other vertebrate semaphorins in that they are the only secreted semaphorins and are distinguished from other semaphorins by the presence of a basic domain at their C termini. Class-3 semaphorins were initially characterized as axon guidance factors, but have subsequently been found to regulate immune responses, angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and a variety of additional physiological and developmental functions. Most class-3 semaphorins transduce their signals by binding to receptors belonging to the neuropilin family which subsequently associate with receptors of the plexin family to form functional class-3 semaphorin receptors. Recent evidence suggests that class-3 semaphorins also fulfill important regulatory roles in multiple forms of cancer. Several class-3 semaphorins function as endogenous inhibitors of tumor angiogenesis. Others were found to inhibit tumor metastasis by inhibition of tumor lymphangiogenesis, by direct effects on the behavior of tumor cells, or by modulation of immune responses. Notably, some semaphorins such as sema3C and sema3E have also been found to potentiate tumor progression using various mechanisms. This review focuses on the roles of the different class-3 semaphorins in tumor progression.
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Semaphorin 3A Negatively Affects Proliferation of Mouse Thymus Epithelial Cells In Vitro. Bull Exp Biol Med 2019; 166:339-343. [PMID: 30627913 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-019-04346-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
We studied effects of semaphorin 3A, keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and their combinations on the proliferative activity of cortical (cTEC1-2) and medullary (mTEC3-10) thymus epithelium cell lines. Semaphorin 3A inhibited the proliferative activity of epithelial cells, while HGF and KGF, in contrast, exerted a stimulating effect. The effect of KGF and semaphorin 3A on different cell lines depended on the expression of receptors for these two factors. When the combination of two factors was used, semaphorin 3A was able to neutralize the stimulating effect of HGF and KGF. It can be assumed that semaphorin 3A synthesized in the thymus stroma, can act as a functional antagonist of HGF and KGF and have an inhibitory effect when these drugs are administered into the body for the therapeutic purpose of restoring thymus functions.
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Xiang R, Xu Y, Zhang W, Kong Y, Tan L, Chen S, Deng Y, Tao Z. Semaphorin 3A inhibits allergic inflammation by regulating immune responses in a mouse model of allergic rhinitis. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2018; 9:528-537. [PMID: 30597767 DOI: 10.1002/alr.22274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Xiang
- Department of Otolaryngology‒Head and Neck SurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology‒Head and Neck SurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology‒Head and Neck SurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology‒Head and Neck SurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology‒Head and Neck SurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Yong‐Gang Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology‒Head and Neck SurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology‒Head and Neck SurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Lu Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology‒Head and Neck SurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Shi‐Ming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology‒Head and Neck SurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology‒Head and Neck SurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Yu‐Qin Deng
- Department of Otolaryngology‒Head and Neck SurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology‒Head and Neck SurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Ze‐Zhang Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology‒Head and Neck SurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology‒Head and Neck SurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
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Ha YJ, Han DW, Kim JH, Chung SW, Kang EH, Song YW, Lee YJ. Circulating Semaphorin 4D as a Marker for Predicting Radiographic Progression in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. DISEASE MARKERS 2018; 2018:2318386. [PMID: 30538782 PMCID: PMC6261241 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2318386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) and semaphorin 4D (Sema4D) are molecules which regulate immune responses as well as bone remodeling process. The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum levels of Sema3A and Sema4D and to investigate their clinical significance in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The serum levels of Sema3A and Sema4D were measured in 130 patients with RA and 65 sex- and age-matched healthy individuals. Circulating levels of biomarkers of RA-related inflammation and bone turnover such as tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α, interleukin- (IL-) 6, IL-22, IL-34, osteopontin, Dkk-1, and sclerostin were also measured. Disease activity was determined by the 28-joint disease activity score (DAS28), and radiographic joint damage was assessed by the modified Sharp van der Heijde score (SHS). The serum levels of Sema3A were significantly higher in patients with RA than those in healthy controls (p < 0.001), whereas serum4D levels did not differ between the two groups. The levels of Sema4D showed a positive correlation with C-reactive protein (p = 0.001) and IL-6 (p < 0.001) levels, whereas the levels of Sema3A showed a negative correlation with Dkk-1 (p = 0.007) and TNF-α (p = 0.001). Even though Sema3A and Sema4D levels were comparable between RA patients with DAS28> 3.2 and with DAS28 ≤ 3.2, RA patients with radiographic progression (ΔSHS change/year ≥ 1) had significantly higher baseline levels of Sema4D than those without progression (p = 0.029). Additionally, when RA patients were divided into 3 groups using tertiles of Sema4D levels, the percentage of progressors was significantly increased (p = 0.045). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, serum Sema4D levels were an independent risk factor for radiographic progression. Our results suggest that the baseline levels of Sema4D might be a useful marker to identify RA patients with subsequent radiographic progression and that Sema4D may be an active mediator involved in RA-induced joint damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Jung Ha
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Woo Han
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyoun Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Wan Chung
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ha Kang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Wook Song
- WCU Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Jong Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Podojil JR, Chiang MY, Ifergan I, Copeland R, Liu LN, Maloveste S, Langermann S, Liebenson D, Balabanov R, Chi H, Chen L, Vignali DAA, Miller SD. B7-H4 Modulates Regulatory CD4 + T Cell Induction and Function via Ligation of a Semaphorin 3a/Plexin A4/Neuropilin-1 Complex. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 201:897-907. [PMID: 29898965 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The potent immune regulatory function of an agonistic B7-H4-Ig fusion protein (B7-H4Ig) has been demonstrated in multiple experimental autoimmune models; however, the identity of a functional B7-H4 receptor remained unknown. The biological activity of B7-H4 is associated with decreased inflammatory CD4+ T cell responses as supported by a correlation between B7-H4-expressing tumor-associated macrophages and Foxp3+ T cells within the tumor microenvironment. Recent data indicate that members of the semaphorin (Sema)/plexin/neuropilin (Nrp) family of proteins both positively and negatively modulate immune cell function. In this study, we show that B7-H4 binds the soluble Sema family member Sema3a. Additionally, B7-H4Ig-induced inhibition of inflammatory CD4+ T cell responses is lost in both Sema3a functional mutant mice and mice lacking Nrp-1 expression in Foxp3+ T cells. These findings indicate that B7-H4Ig binds to Sema3a, which acts as a functional bridge to stimulate an Nrp-1/Plexin A4 heterodimer to form a functional immunoregulatory receptor complex resulting in increased levels of phosphorylated PTEN and enhanced regulatory CD4+ T cell number and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R Podojil
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Ming-Yi Chiang
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Igal Ifergan
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hongbo Chi
- Immunology Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - Lieping Chen
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Dario A A Vignali
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15262; and.,Tumor Microenvironment Center, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15232
| | - Stephen D Miller
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611;
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Bidirectional regulation of bone formation by exogenous and osteosarcoma-derived Sema3A. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6877. [PMID: 29720701 PMCID: PMC5932056 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25290-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A), a secreted member of the Semaphorin family, increases osteoblast differentiation, stimulates bone formation and enhances fracture healing. Here, we report a previously unknown role of Sema3A in the regulation of ectopic bone formation and osteolysis related to osteosarcoma. Human recombinant (exogenous) Sema3A promoted the expression of osteoblastic phenotype in a panel of human osteosarcoma cell lines and inhibited the ability of these cells to migrate and enhance osteoclastogenesis in vitro. In vivo, administration of exogenous Sema3A in mice after paratibial inoculation of KHOS cells increased bone volume in non-inoculated and tumour-bearing legs. In contrast, Sema3A overexpression reduced the ability of KHOS cells to cause ectopic bone formation in mice and to increase bone nodule formation by engaging DKK1/β-catenin signalling. Thus, Sema3A is of potential therapeutic efficacy in osteosarcoma. However, inhibition of bone formation associated with continuous exposure to Sema3A may limit its long-term usefulness as therapeutic agent.
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Liu LN, Li XM, Ye DQ, Pan HF. Emerging role of semaphorin-3A in autoimmune diseases. Inflammopharmacology 2018; 26:655-665. [PMID: 29696565 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-018-0484-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are featured by the body's immune responses being directed against its own tissues, resulting in prolonged inflammation and subsequent tissue damage. Currently, the exact pathogenesis of ADs remains not fully elucidated. Semaphorin-3A (Sema3A), a secreted member of semaphorin family, is a potent immunoregulator during all immune response stages. Sema3A has wide expression, such as in bone, connective tissue, kidney, neurons, and cartilage. Sema3A can downregulate ADs by suppressing the over-activity of both T-cell and B-cell autoimmunity. Moreover, Sema3A shows the ability to enhance T-cell and B-cell regulatory properties that control ADs, including systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and systemic sclerosis. However, it can also induce ADs when overexpressed. Together, these data strongly suggest that Sema3A plays a pivotal role in ADs, and it may be a promising treatment target for these diseases. In the present review, we focus on the immunological functions of Sema3A and summarize recent studies on the involvement of Sema3A in the pathogenesis of ADs; the discoveries obtained from recent findings may translate into novel therapeutic agent for ADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Na Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, 17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dong-Qing Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hai-Feng Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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Gao H, Ma XX, Guo Q, Xie LF, Zhong YC, Zhang XW. Expression of circulating Semaphorin3A and its association with inflammation and bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2018; 37:2073-2080. [DOI: 10.1007/s10067-018-4070-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Bejar J, Kessler O, Sabag AD, Sabo E, Itzhak OB, Neufeld G, Vadasz Z. Semaphorin3A: A Potential Therapeutic Tool for Lupus Nephritis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:634. [PMID: 29670620 PMCID: PMC5893899 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The immune regulatory properties of semaphorin3A (sema3A) (both innate and adaptive) are well established in many in vitro studies. The injection of sema3A into a mice model of rheumatoid arthritis was proven to be highly beneficial, both in attenuating clinical symptoms and in decreasing inflammatory mechanisms. Objectives This study was designed in order to assess the possible therapeutic benefits of sema3A following its injection into female NZB/W mice. Methods Forty-eight NZB/W mice were recruited for this study. Thirty mice were treated as a “prevention group” and 18 were used as a “treatment group.” Eight-week-old mice were acclimated and then divided into the two abovementioned groups. Results The injection of sema3A into young mice (at week 12) before the onset of disease (the prevention group) delayed the appearance of proteinuria. Here, the median time to severe proteinuria was 110 days, 95% CI: 88–131. However, in mice in which the empty vector was injected, the median time to severe proteinuria was 63 days, 95% CI: 0–139. sema3A treatment, significantly reduced renal damage, namely, it prevented the deposition of immune complexes in the glomeruli. When sema3A was injected at the onset of proteinuria (the treatment group), aiming to treat rather than to prevent disease in these mice, survival was increased and the deterioration of proteinuria was delayed. Conclusion Semaphorin3A is highly beneficial in reducing lupus nephritis in NZB/W mice. It delays the appearance and deterioration of proteinuria, and increases the survival rates in these mice. The regulatory mechanisms of sema3A involve both innate and adaptive immune responses. Further studies will establish the idea of applying sema3A in the treatment of lupus nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Bejar
- The Department of Pathology, Bnai-Zion Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ofra Kessler
- The Bruce Rappaport Medical School, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Adi D Sabag
- The Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Bnai-Zion Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Edmond Sabo
- The Department of Pathology, RAMBAM Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ofer Ben Itzhak
- The Department of Pathology, RAMBAM Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Gera Neufeld
- The Bruce Rappaport Medical School, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Zahava Vadasz
- The Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Bnai-Zion Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
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Nishide M, Kumanogoh A. The role of semaphorins in immune responses and autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2017; 14:19-31. [DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2017.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Rienks M, Carai P, Bitsch N, Schellings M, Vanhaverbeke M, Verjans J, Cuijpers I, Heymans S, Papageorgiou A. Sema3A promotes the resolution of cardiac inflammation after myocardial infarction. Basic Res Cardiol 2017; 112:42. [PMID: 28540528 PMCID: PMC5443852 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-017-0630-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Optimal healing after myocardial infarction requires not only the induction of inflammation, but also its timely resolution. In patients, 30 days post myocardial infarction, circulating monocytes have increased expression of Semaphorin3A (Sema3A) as compared to directly after admission. This increased expression coincides with increased expression of Cx3CR1—a marker of non-classical monocytes that are important for immune resolution hence proper wound healing. In mice, the expression of Sema3A also increases in response to myocardial ischemia being expressed by infiltrating leukocytes. Comparing Sema3A heterozygote (HZ) and wild type (WT) mice post myocardial infarction, revealed increased presence of leukocytes in the cardiac tissues of HZ mice as compared to WT, with no differences in capillary density, collagen deposition, cardiomyocyte surface area, chemokine—or adhesion molecules expression. Whilst infarct sizes were similar 14 days after myocardial infarction in both genotypes, Sema3A HZ mice had thinner infarcts and reduced cardiac function as compared to their WT littermates. In vitro experiments were conducted to study the role of Sema3A in inflammation and resolution of inflammation as a potential explanation for the differences in leukocyte recruitment and cardiac function observed in our in vivo experiments. Here, recombinant Sema3A protein was able to affect the pro-inflammatory state of cultured bone marrow derived macrophages. First, the pro-inflammatory state was altered by the induced apoptosis of classical macrophages in the presence of Sema3A. Second, Sema3A promoted the polarization of classical macrophages to resolution-phase macrophages and enhanced their efferocytotic ability, findings that were reflected in the infarcted cardiac tissue of the Sema3A HZ mice. Finally, we demonstrated that besides promoting resolution of inflammation, Sema3A was also able to retard the migration of monocytes to the myocardium. Collectively our data demonstrate that Sema3A reduces cardiac inflammation and improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction by promoting the resolution of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke Rienks
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Paolo Carai
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nicole Bitsch
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Schellings
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Johan Verjans
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Ilona Cuijpers
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stephane Heymans
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Papageorgiou
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Kessel A, Lin C, Vadasz Z, Peri R, Eiza N, Berkowitz D. The association between semaphorin 3A levels and gluten-free diet in patients with celiac disease. Clin Immunol 2017; 184:73-76. [PMID: 28502679 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is an inflammatory disease affecting the small intestine. We aim to assess serum level and expression of semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) on T regulatory (Treg) cells in CD patients. Twenty-six newly diagnosed celiac patients, 13 celiac patients on a gluten-free diet and 16 healthy controls included in the study. Sema3A protein level in the serum of celiac patients was significantly higher compared to healthy group (7.17±1.8ng/ml vs. 5.67±1.5ng/ml, p=0.012). Sema3A expression on Treg cells was statistically lower in celiac patients compared to healthy subjects (p=0.009) and significantly lower in celiac patients compared to celiac patients on gluten free diet (p=0.04). Negative correlation was found between Sema3A on Teg cells and the level of IgA anti-tTG antibodies (r=-0.346, p<0.01) and anti-DGP (r=-0.448, p<0.01). This study suggests involvement of the Sema3A in the pathogenesis of CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aharon Kessel
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Chen Lin
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Zahava Vadasz
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Regina Peri
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Nasren Eiza
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Drora Berkowitz
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
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