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Devi A, Verma M, Saratale GD, Saratale RG, Ferreira LFR, Mulla SI, Bharagava RN. Microalgae: A green eco-friendly agents for bioremediation of tannery wastewater with simultaneous production of value-added products. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139192. [PMID: 37353172 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Tannery wastewater (TWW) has high BOD, COD, TS and variety of pollutants like chromium, formaldehydes, biocides, oils, chlorophenols, detergents and phthalates etc. Besides these pollutants, TWW also rich source of nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, carbon and sulphur etc. that can be utilized by microalgae during their growth. Direct disposal of TWW into the environment may lead severe environmental and health threats, therefore it needs to be treated adequately. Microalgae are considered as an efficient microorganisms (fast growing, adaptability and strain robustness, high surface to volume ratio, energy saving) for remediation of wastewaters with simultaneous biomass recovery and generation of value added products (VAPs) such as biofuels, biohydrogen, biopolymer, biofertilizer, pigments, bioethanol, bioactive compounds, nutraceutical etc. Most microalgae are photosynthetic and use CO2 and light energy to synthesise carbohydrate and reduces the emission of greenhouse gasses. Microalgae are also reported to remove heavy metals and antibiotics from wastewaters by bioaccumulation, biodegradation and biosorption. Microalgal treatment can be an alternative of conventional processes with generation of VAPs. The use of biotechnology in wastewater remediation with simultaneous generation of VAPs is trending. The validation of economic viability and environmental sustainability, life cycle assessment studies and techno-economic analysis is undergoing. Thus, in this review, the characteristics of TWW and microalgae are summarized, which manifest microalgae as potential candidates for wastewater remediation with simultaneous production of VAPs. Further, the treatment mechanisms, various factors (physical, chemical, mechanical and biological etc.) affecting treatment efficiency as well as challenges associated with microalgal remediation are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Devi
- Laboratory of Bioremediation and Metagenomics Research (LBMR), Department of Environmental Microbiology (DEM), Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow-226 025 (U.P.), India
| | - Meenakshi Verma
- University Centre of Research and Development, Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, Panjab, India
| | - Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Rijuta Ganesh Saratale
- Research Institute of Biotechnology and Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggido 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Luiz Fernando R Ferreira
- Waste and Effluent Treatment Laboratory, Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Tiradentes University, Farolândia, Aracaju, SE 49032-490, Brazil; Graduate Program in Process Engineering, Tiradentes University (UNIT), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490 Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Sikandar I Mulla
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore, India
| | - Ram Naresh Bharagava
- Laboratory of Bioremediation and Metagenomics Research (LBMR), Department of Environmental Microbiology (DEM), Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow-226 025 (U.P.), India.
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Olabi AG, Shehata N, Sayed ET, Rodriguez C, Anyanwu RC, Russell C, Abdelkareem MA. Role of microalgae in achieving sustainable development goals and circular economy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 854:158689. [PMID: 36108848 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In 2015, the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) set out 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to be achieved by 2030. These goals highlight key objectives that must be addressed. Each target focuses on a unique perspective crucial to meeting these goals. Social, political, and economic issues are addressed to comprehensively review the main issues combating climate change and creating sustainable and environmentally friendly industries, jobs, and communities. Several mechanisms that involve judicious use of biological entities are among instruments that are being explored to achieve the targets of SDGs. Microalgae have an increasing interest in various sectors, including; renewable energy, food, environmental management, water purification, and the production of chemicals such as biofertilizers, cosmetics, and healthcare products. The significance of microalgae also arises from their tendency to consume CO2, which is the main greenhouse gas and the major contributor to the climate change. This work discusses the roles of microalgae in achieving the various SDGs. Moreover, this work elaborates on the contribution of microalgae to the circular economy. It was found that the microalgae contribute to all the 17th SDGs, where they directly contribute to 9th of the SDGs and indirectly contribute to the rest. The major contribution of the Microalgae is clear in SDG-6 "Clean water and sanitation", SDG-7 "Affordable and clean energy", and SDG-13 "Climate action". Furthermore, it was found that Microalgae have a significant contribution to the circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Olabi
- Dept. of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Mechanical Engineering and Design, Aston University, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK.
| | - Nabila Shehata
- Environmental Science and Industrial Development Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Enas Taha Sayed
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, University of Sharjah, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, Elminia, Egypt.
| | - Cristina Rodriguez
- School of Computing, Engineering, and Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK
| | - Ruth Chinyere Anyanwu
- School of Computing, Engineering, and Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK
| | - Callum Russell
- School of Computing, Engineering, and Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK
| | - Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem
- Dept. of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, Elminia, Egypt.
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Tasnim Sahrin N, Shiong Khoo K, Wei Lim J, Shamsuddin R, Musa Ardo F, Rawindran H, Hassan M, Kiatkittipong W, Alaaeldin Abdelfattah E, Da Oh W, Kui Cheng C. Current perspectives, future challenges and key technologies of biohydrogen production for building a carbon-neutral future: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 364:128088. [PMID: 36216282 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The ever-increasing quantity of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere can be attributed to the rapid increase in the world population as well as the expansion of globalization. Hence, achieving carbon neutrality by 2050 stands as a challenging task to accomplish. Global industrialization had necessitated the need to enhance the current production systems to reduce greenhouse gases emission, whilst promoting the capture of carbon dioxide from atmosphere. Hydrogen is often touted as the fuel of future via substituting fossil-based fuels. In this regard, renewable hydrogen happens to be a niche sector of novel technologies in achieving carbon neutrality. Microalgae-based biohydrogen technologies could be a sustainable and economical approach to produce hydrogen from a renewable source, while simultaneously promoting the absorption of carbon dioxide. This review highlights the current perspectives of biohydrogen production as an alternate source of energy. In addition, future challenges associated with biohydrogen production at large-scale application, storage and transportation are included. Key technologies in producing biohydrogen are finally described in building a carbon-neutral future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Tasnim Sahrin
- HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Kuan Shiong Khoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jun Wei Lim
- HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia; Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India.
| | - Rashid Shamsuddin
- HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Fatima Musa Ardo
- HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Hemamalini Rawindran
- HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Muzamil Hassan
- HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Worapon Kiatkittipong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Eman Alaaeldin Abdelfattah
- Lecturer of Biochemistry and Molecular Science, Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Wen Da Oh
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11800, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Chin Kui Cheng
- Center for Catalysis and Separation (CeCaS), Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
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Mohseni A, Fan L, Roddick FA. Impact of microalgae species and solution salinity on algal treatment of wastewater reverse osmosis concentrate. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 285:131487. [PMID: 34273703 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Six common microalgal species, including freshwater microalgae Scenedesmus abundans, Chlorella vulgaris, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Coelastrum microporum, and marine microalgae Nannochloropsis salina and Dunaliella tertiolecta, were tested in batch treatment to identify the most promising species for remediating a municipal wastewater reverse osmosis concentrate (ROC). Selected species were then studied at different ROC salinity levels (5, 10, and 15 g TDS/L) in semi-continuous treatment to evaluate their potential for nutrient remediation, and biogas production through anaerobic digestion. S. abundans, C. vulgaris, and N. salina showed higher potential for growth and nutrient remediation under salinity stress. Further tests revealed that N. salina adapted well to ROC conditions, and S. abundans could grow better and had higher tolerance to the elevated salinity than C. vulgaris. S. abundans and N. salina performed better for removing nutrients and organic matter (11.5-18 mg/L/d TN, 7.1-8.2 mg/L/d TP, and 8.6-12.4 mg/L/d DOC). Increasing salinity led to growth inhibition and N uptake reduction for freshwater species but had no significant effect on TP removal. Biochemical methane potential tests showed the algal biomass produced a significant amount of methane (e.g., up to 422 mL CH4/g VS for N. salina), suggesting the algae generated from the ROC treatment could produce significant amounts of energy through anaerobic digestion without the need for pretreatment. This study showed the environmental and economic potential of the algal system for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Mohseni
- WETT Research Centre, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Linhua Fan
- WETT Research Centre, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia.
| | - Felicity A Roddick
- WETT Research Centre, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
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Cyanobacterial Biomass Produced in the Wastewater of the Dairy Industry and Its Evaluation in Anaerobic Co-Digestion with Cattle Manure for Enhanced Methane Production. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8101290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The unique perspective that microalgae biomass presents for bioenergy production is currently being strongly considered. This type of biomass production involves large amounts of nutrients, due to nitrogen and phosphorous fertilizers, which impose production limitations. A viable alternative to fertilizers is wastewater, rich in essential nutrients (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium). Therefore, Arthrospira platensis was cultivated in 150 mL photobioreactors with 70% (v/v) with the wastewater from a dairy industry, under a regime of light:dark cycles (12 h:12 h), with an irradiance of 140 μmol m−2 s−1 photon. The discontinuous cultures were inoculated with an average concentration of chlorophyll-a of 13.19 ± 0.19 mg L−1. High biomass productivity was achieved in the cultures with wastewater from the dairy industry (1.1 ± 0.02 g L−1 d−1). This biomass was subjected to thermal and physical treatments, to be used in co-digestion with cattle manure. Co-digestion was carried out in a mesophilic regime (35 °C) with a C: N ratio of 19:1, reaching a high methane yield of 482.54 ± 8.27 mL of CH4 g−1 volatile solids (VS), compared with control (cattle manure). The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the use of cyanobacterial biomass grown in wastewater to obtain bioenergy.
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Moungmoon T, Chaichana C, Pumas C, Pathom-Aree W, Ruangrit K, Pekkoh J. Quantitative analysis of methane and glycolate production from microalgae using undiluted wastewater obtained from chicken-manure biogas digester. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 714:136577. [PMID: 31982736 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microalgal biomass is often used as a raw material in methane production. Some microalgae possess a complex cell-wall structure which has a low degradability of microorganisms in anaerobic digestion. However, some microalgae produce glycolate, which is excreted outside the cell and can be used to produce methane under anaerobic condition. This research aims to investigate microalgal cultivation using wastewater to reduce nutrients and efficiently create glycolate. Two strains of microalgae (Acutodesmus sp. AARL G023, Chlorella sp. AARL G049) and two microalgal consortia were cultivated at dilutions of 0.5-fold (W50), 0.75-fold (W75) and undiluted wastewater (W100). The results showed that the microalgal consortium with undiluted wastewater (WCW100) consisted of Leptolyngbya sp. (30.4%), Chlorella sp. (16.1%) and Chlamydomonas sp. (52.2%), revealed the highest biomass productivity at 64.38 ± 14.54 mg·L-1·d-1 and the highest glycolate productivity at 5.12 ± 0.48 mmol·L-1·d-1. The cultivation of microalgae effectively reduced ammonium‑nitrogen (NH4+-N) and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) levels in the wastewater at 43.5 ± 1.3% and 49.6 ± 6.9%. Furthermore, WCW100 showed the highest biogas productivity at 1.44 ± 0.07 mL·g-1·d-1 and the highest methane content at 58.3 ± 6.0% v/v. This study indicates that there is a definite potential of using undiluted wastewater for microalgal biomass production and glycolate production that can reduce the wastewater volume and be applied as a raw material for methane production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thoranit Moungmoon
- PhD Degree Program in Environmental Science, Environmental Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chatchawan Chaichana
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chayakorn Pumas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Wasu Pathom-Aree
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Khomsan Ruangrit
- Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Jeeraporn Pekkoh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Environmental Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
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Préat N, Taelman SE, De Meester S, Allais F, Dewulf J. Identification of microalgae biorefinery scenarios and development of mass and energy balance flowsheets. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Kumar R, Ghosh AK, Pal P. Synergy of biofuel production with waste remediation along with value-added co-products recovery through microalgae cultivation: A review of membrane-integrated green approach. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 698:134169. [PMID: 31505365 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Development of advanced biofuels such as bioethanol and biodiesel from renewable resources is critical for the earth's sustainable management and to slow down the global climate change by partial replacement of gasoline and diesel in the transport sector. Being a diverse group of aquatic micro-organisms, algae are the most prominent resources on the planet, distributed in an aquatic system, a potential source of bioenergy, biomass and secondary metabolites. Microalgae-based biofuel production is widely accepted as non-food fuel sources and better choice for achieving goals of incorporation of a clean fuel source into the transportation sector. The present review article provides a comprehensive literature survey as well as a novel approach on the application of microalgae for their simultaneous cultivation and bioremediation of high nutrient containing wastewater. In addition to that, merits and demerits of different existing conventional techniques for microalgae culture reactors, harvesting of algal biomass, oil recovery, use of different catalysts for transesterification reactions and other by-products recovery have been discussed and compared with the membrane-based system to find out the best optimal conditions for higher biomass as well as lipid yield. This article also deals with the use of a tailor-made membrane in an appropriate module that can be used in upstream and downstream processes during algal-based biofuels production. Such membrane-integrated system has the potential of low-cost and eco-friendly separation, purification and concentration enrichment of biodiesel as well as other valuable algal by-products which can bring the high degree of process intensification for scale-up at the industrial stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, 713104, India.
| | - Alak Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, 713104, India
| | - Parimal Pal
- Environment and Membrane Technology Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur 713209, India
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Haavisto JM, Kokko ME, Lakaniemi AM, Sulonen MLK, Puhakka JA. The effect of start-up on energy recovery and compositional changes in brewery wastewater in bioelectrochemical systems. Bioelectrochemistry 2019; 132:107402. [PMID: 31830669 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2019.107402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Start-up of bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) fed with brewery wastewater was compared at different adjusted anode potentials (-200 and 0 mV vs. Ag/AgCl) and external resistances (50 and 1000 Ω). Current generation stabilized faster with the external resistances (9 ± 3 and 1.70 ± 0.04 A/m3 with 50 and 1000 Ω, respectively), whilst significantly higher current densities of 76 ± 39 and 44 ± 9 A/m3 were obtained with the adjusted anode potentials of -200 and 0 mV vs. Ag/AgCl, respectively. After start-up, when operated using 47 Ω external resistance, the current densities and Coulombic efficiencies of all BESs stabilized to 9.5 ± 2.9 A/m3 and 12 ± 2%, respectively, demonstrating that the start-up protocols were not critical for long-term BES operation in microbial fuel cell mode. With adjusted anode potentials, two times more biofilm biomass (measured as protein) was formed by the end of the experiment as compared to start-up with the fixed external resistances. After start-up, the organics in the brewery wastewater, mainly sugars and alcohols, were transformed to acetate (1360 ± 250 mg/L) and propionate (610 ± 190 mg/L). Optimized start-up is required for prompt BES recovery, for example, after process disturbances. Based on the results of this study, adjustment of anode potential to -200 mV vs. Ag/AgCl is recommended for fast BES start-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna M Haavisto
- Tampere University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Marika E Kokko
- Tampere University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere, Finland
| | - Aino-Maija Lakaniemi
- Tampere University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mira L K Sulonen
- Tampere University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jaakko A Puhakka
- Tampere University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere, Finland
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Khoo CG, Dasan YK, Lam MK, Lee KT. Algae biorefinery: Review on a broad spectrum of downstream processes and products. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 292:121964. [PMID: 31451339 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Algae biomass comprises variety of biochemicals components such as carbohydrates, lipids and protein, which make them a feasible feedstock for biofuel production. However, high production cost mainly due to algae cultivation remains the main challenge in commercializing algae biofuels. Hence, extraction of other high value-added bioproducts from algae biomass is necessary to enhance the economic feasibility of algae biofuel production. This paper is aims to deliberate the recent developments of conventional technologies for algae biofuels production, such as biochemical and chemical conversion pathways, and extraction of a variety of bioproducts from algae biomass for various potential applications. Besides, life cycle evaluation studies on microalgae biorefinery are presented, focusing on case studies for various cultivation techniques, culture medium, harvesting, and dewatering techniques along with biofuel and bioenergy production pathways. Overall, the algae biorefinery provides new opportunities for valorisation of algae biomass for multiple products synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choon Gek Khoo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Yaleeni Kanna Dasan
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia; Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Man Kee Lam
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia; Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Keat Teong Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia.
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Show KY, Yan Y, Zong C, Guo N, Chang JS, Lee DJ. State of the art and challenges of biohydrogen from microalgae. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 289:121747. [PMID: 31285100 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Biohydrogen from microalgae has attracted extensive attention owing to its promising features of abundance, renewable and self sustainability. Unlike other well-established biofuels like biodiesel and bioethanol, biohydrogen from microalgae is still in the preliminary stage of development. Criticisms in microalgal biohydrogen centered on its practicality and sustainability. Various laboratory- and pilot-scale microalgal systems have been developed, and some research initiatives have exhibited potential for commercial application. This work provides a review of the state of the art of biohydrogen from microalgae. Discussions include metabolic pathways of light-driven transformation and dark fermentation, reactor schemes and system designs encompassing reactor configurations and light manipulation. Challenges, knowledge gaps and the future directions in metabolic limitations, economic and energy assessments, and molecular engineering are also delineated. Current scientific and engineering challenges of microalgal biohydrogen need to be addressed for technology leapfrog or breakthrough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Yeow Show
- Puritek Research Institute, Puritek Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Yuegen Yan
- Puritek Research Institute, Puritek Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Chunxiang Zong
- Puritek Research Institute, Puritek Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Na Guo
- Puritek Research Institute, Puritek Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Research Centre for Energy Technology and Strategy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan.
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- S. M. Zakir Hossain
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Bahrain P.O. Box 32038 Isa Town Bahrain
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13
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Enhancing Hydrogen Production from Chlorella sp. Biomass by Pre-Hydrolysis with Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (PSSF). ENERGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/en12050908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) and pre-hydrolysis with SSF (PSSF) were used to produce hydrogen from the biomass of Chlorella sp. SSF was conducted using an enzyme mixture consisting of 80 filter paper unit (FPU) g-biomass−1 of cellulase, 92 U g-biomass−1 of amylase, and 120 U g-biomass−1 of glucoamylase at 35 °C for 108 h. This yielded 170 mL-H2 g-volatile-solids−1 (VS), with a productivity of 1.6 mL-H2 g-VS−1 h−1. Pre-hydrolyzing the biomass at 50 °C for 12 h resulted in the production of 1.8 g/L of reducing sugars, leading to a hydrogen yield (HY) of 172 mL-H2 g-VS−1. Using PSSF, the fermentation time was shortened by 36 h in which a productivity of 2.4 mL-H2 g-VS−1 h−1 was attained. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first report on the use of SSF and PSSF for hydrogen production from microalgal biomass, and the HY obtained in the study is by far the highest yield reported. Our results indicate that PSSF is a promising process for hydrogen production from microalgal biomass.
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Sakarika M, Kornaros M. Chlorella vulgaris as a green biofuel factory: Comparison between biodiesel, biogas and combustible biomass production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 273:237-243. [PMID: 30447625 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Biofuels are viewed as the answer to safeguard the currently challenged energy security. To this end, the present study provides a comparison between approaches regarding microalgal biomass conversion to bioenergy, with a view on sustainable implementation. The energetic valorization of Chlorella vulgaris biomass cultivated under heterotrophic, sulfur-limited conditions was investigated through the biofuels biodiesel, biogas (biomethane) and combustible dry biomass. The lipid productivity can reach the value of 442.9 ± 6.5 mg L-1 d-1 containing suitable fatty acids for biodiesel production. Next, biochemical methane potential (BMP) assays yielded 360.9 ± 20.2 mL CH4 g VS-1added under mesophilic conditions, while the calorific value of dry C. vulgaris biomass was measured as 24,538 ± 182 kJ kgDW-1 (5,865 ± 43 kcal kgDW-1). Considering the downstream processing required in each approach, the most promising energy valorization method is anaerobic digestion able to reach values up to 20,862 kJ Lreactor-1 day-1 in continuous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrsini Sakarika
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 1 Karatheodori Str., University Campus, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Michael Kornaros
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 1 Karatheodori Str., University Campus, 26504 Patras, Greece.
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Ganesh Saratale R, Kumar G, Banu R, Xia A, Periyasamy S, Dattatraya Saratale G. A critical review on anaerobic digestion of microalgae and macroalgae and co-digestion of biomass for enhanced methane generation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 262:319-332. [PMID: 29576518 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Biogas production using algal resources has been widely studied as a green and alternative renewable technology. This review provides an extended overview of recent advances in biomethane production via direct anaerobic digestion (AD) of microalgae, macroalgae and co-digestion mechanism on biomethane production and future challenges and prospects for its scaled-up applications. The effects of pretreatment in the preparation of algal feedstock for methane generation are discussed briefly. The role of different operational and environmental parameters for instance pH, temperature, nutrients, organic loading rate (OLR) and hydraulic retention time (HRT) on sustainable methane generation are also reviewed. Finally, an outlook on the possible options towards the scale up and enhancement strategies has been provided. This review could encourage further studies in this area, to intend and operate continuous mode by designing stable and reliable bioreactor systems and to analyze the possibilities and potential of co-digestion for the promotion of algal-biomethane technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rijuta Ganesh Saratale
- Research Institute of Biotechnology and Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggido 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 38722, Republic of Korea
| | - Rajesh Banu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Regional Centre of Anna University, Tirunelveli, India
| | - Ao Xia
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | | | - Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggido 10326, Republic of Korea.
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Wirth R, Lakatos G, Böjti T, Maróti G, Bagi Z, Rákhely G, Kovács KL. Anaerobic gaseous biofuel production using microalgal biomass – A review. Anaerobe 2018; 52:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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17
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Show KY, Yan Y, Ling M, Ye G, Li T, Lee DJ. Hydrogen production from algal biomass - Advances, challenges and prospects. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 257:290-300. [PMID: 29506887 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.02.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Extensive effort is being made to explore renewable energy in replacing fossil fuels. Biohydrogen is a promising future fuel because of its clean and high energy content. A challenging issue in establishing hydrogen economy is sustainability. Biohydrogen has the potential for renewable biofuel, and could replace current hydrogen production through fossil fuel thermo-chemical processes. A promising source of biohydrogen is conversion from algal biomass, which is abundant, clean and renewable. Unlike other well-developed biofuels such as bioethanol and biodiesel, production of hydrogen from algal biomass is still in the early stage of development. There are a variety of technologies for algal hydrogen production, and some laboratory- and pilot-scale systems have demonstrated a good potential for full-scale implementation. This work presents an elucidation on development in biohydrogen encompassing biological pathways, bioreactor designs and operation and techno-economic evaluation. Challenges and prospects of biohydrogen production are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Yeow Show
- Puritek Environmental Technology Institute, Puritek Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China; College of the Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yuegen Yan
- Puritek Environmental Technology Institute, Puritek Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Ling
- Puritek Environmental Technology Institute, Puritek Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Guoxiang Ye
- Puritek Environmental Technology Institute, Puritek Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Li
- Puritek Environmental Technology Institute, Puritek Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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Wang J, Yin Y. Fermentative hydrogen production using pretreated microalgal biomass as feedstock. Microb Cell Fact 2018; 17:22. [PMID: 29444681 PMCID: PMC5812208 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-018-0871-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae are simple chlorophyll containing organisms, they have high photosynthetic efficiency and can synthesize and accumulate large quantities of carbohydrate biomass. They can be cultivated in fresh water, seawater and wastewater. They have been used as feedstock for producing biodiesel, bioethanol and biogas. The production of these biofuels can be integrated with CO2 mitigation, wastewater treatment, and the production of high-value chemicals. Biohydrogen from microalgae is renewable. Microalgae have several advantages compared to terrestrial plants, such as higher growth rate with superior CO2 fixation capacity; they do not need arable land to grow; they do not contain lignin. In this review, the biology of microalgae and the chemical composition of microalgae were briefly introduced, the advantages and disadvantages of hydrogen production from microalgae were discussed, and the pretreatment of microalgal biomass and the fermentative hydrogen production from microalgal biomass pretreated by different methods (including physical, chemical, biological and combined methods) were summarized and evaluated. For the production of biohydrogen from microalgae, the economic feasibility remains the most important aspect to consider. Several technological and economic issues must be addressed to achieve success on a commercial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlong Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, INET, Energy Science Building, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Radioactive Waste Treatment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanan Yin
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, INET, Energy Science Building, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 People’s Republic of China
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Li H, Liu Y, Wang Y, Chen M, Zhuang X, Wang C, Wang J, Hu Z. Improved photobio-H 2 production regulated by artificial miRNA targeting psbA in green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:36. [PMID: 29449884 PMCID: PMC5808451 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1030-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sulfur-deprived cultivation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, referred as "two-stage culture" transferring the cells from regular algal medium to sulfur-deplete one, has been extensively studied to improve photobio-H2 production in this green microalga. During sulfur-deprivation treatment, the synthesis of a key component of photosystem II complex, D1 protein, was inhibited and improved photobio-H2 production could be established in C. reinhardtii. However, separation of algal cells from a regular liquid culture medium to a sulfur-deprived one is not only a discontinuous process, but also a cost- and time-consuming operation. More applicable and economic alternatives for sustained H2 production by C. reinhardtii are still highly required. RESULTS In the present study, a significant improvement in photobio-H2 production was observed in the transgenic green microalga C. reinhardtii, which employed a newly designed strategy based on a heat-inducible artificial miRNA (amiRNA) expression system targeting D1-encoded gene, psbA. A transgenic algal strain referred as "amiRNA-D1" has been successfully obtained by transforming the expression vector containing a heat-inducible promoter. After heat shock conducted in the same algal cultures, the expression of amiRNA-D1 was detected increased 15-fold accompanied with a 73% decrease of target gene psbA. More interestingly, this transgenic alga accumulated about 60% more H2 content than the wild-type strain CC-849 at the end of 7-day cultivation. CONCLUSIONS The photobio-H2 production in the engineered transgenic alga was significantly improved. Without imposing any nutrient-deprived stress, this novel strategy provided a convenient and efficient way for regulation of photobio-H2 production in green microalga by simply "turn on" the expression of a designed amiRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanmei Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
| | - Meirong Chen
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoshan Zhuang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chaogang Wang
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangxin Wang
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhangli Hu
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
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20
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Li R, Duan N, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Li B, Zhang D, Lu H, Dong T. Co-digestion of chicken manure and microalgae Chlorella 1067 grown in the recycled digestate: Nutrients reuse and biogas enhancement. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 70:247-254. [PMID: 28939246 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation targeted on a sustainable co-digestion system: microalgae Chlorella 1067 (Ch. 1067) was cultivated in chicken manure (CM) based digestate and then algae biomass was used as co-substrate for anaerobic digestion with CM. About 91% of the total nitrogen and 86% of the soluble organics in the digestate were recycled after the microalgae cultivation. The methane potential of co-digestion was evaluated by varying CM to Ch. 1067 ratios (0:10, 2:8, 4:6, 6:4, 8:2, 10:0 based on the volatile solids (VS)). All the co-digestion trials showed higher methane production than the calculated values, indicating synergy between the two substrates. Modified Gompertz model showed that co-digestion had more effective methane production rate and shorter lag phase. Co-digestion (8:2) achieved the highest methane production of 238.71mL⋅(g VS)-1 and the most significant synergistic effect. The co-digestion (e.g. 8:2) presented higher and balanced content of dominant acidogenic bacteria (Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacterias and Spirochaetae). In addition, the archaea community Methanosaeta presented higher content than Methanosarcina, which accounted for the higher methane production. These findings indicated that the system could provide a practicable strategy for effectively recycling digestate and enhancing biogas production simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruirui Li
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E) and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Na Duan
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E) and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yuanhui Zhang
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E) and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Zhidan Liu
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E) and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Baoming Li
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E) and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Dongming Zhang
- Shandong Minhe Biotech Limited Company, Yantai 265600, China
| | - Haifeng Lu
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E) and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Taili Dong
- Shandong Minhe Biotech Limited Company, Yantai 265600, China
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Kavitha S, Yukesh Kannah R, Rajesh Banu J, Kaliappan S, Johnson M. Biological disintegration of microalgae for biomethane recovery-prediction of biodegradability and computation of energy balance. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 244:1367-1375. [PMID: 28522200 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates the synergistic effect of combined bacterial disintegration on mixed microalgal biomass for energy efficient biomethane generation. The rate of microalgal biomass lysis, enhanced biodegradability, and methane generation were used as indices to assess efficiency of the disintegration. A maximal dissolvable organics release and algal biomass lysis rate of about 1100, 950 and 800mg/L and 26, 23 and 18% was achieved in PA+C (protease, amylase+cellulase secreting bacteria), C (cellulase alone) and PA (protease, amylase) microalgal disintegration. During anaerobic fermentation, a greater production of volatile fatty acids (1000mg/L) was noted in PA+C bacterial disintegration of microalgal biomass. PA+C bacterial disintegration improve the amenability of microalgal biomass to biomethanation process with higher biodegradability of about 0.27gCOD/gCOD, respectively. The energy balance analysis of this combined bacterial disintegration of microalgal biomass provides surplus positive net energy (1.14GJ/d) by compensating the input energy requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kavitha
- Department of Civil Engineering, Regional Campus, Anna University, Tirunelveli, India
| | - R Yukesh Kannah
- Department of Civil Engineering, Regional Campus, Anna University, Tirunelveli, India
| | - J Rajesh Banu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Regional Campus, Anna University, Tirunelveli, India.
| | - S Kaliappan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Ponjesly College of Engineering, Nagercoil, India
| | - M Johnson
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology, St Xavier's College, Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli, India
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Ghimire A, Kumar G, Sivagurunathan P, Shobana S, Saratale GD, Kim HW, Luongo V, Esposito G, Munoz R. Bio-hythane production from microalgae biomass: Key challenges and potential opportunities for algal bio-refineries. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 241:525-536. [PMID: 28601770 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The interest in microalgae for wastewater treatment and liquid bio-fuels production (i.e. biodiesel and bioethanol) is steadily increasing due to the energy demand of the ultra-modern technological world. The associated biomass and by-product residues generated from these processes can be utilized as a feedstock in anaerobic fermentation for the production of gaseous bio-fuels. In this context, dark fermentation coupled with anaerobic digestion can be a potential technology for the production of hydrogen and methane from these residual algal biomasses. The mixture of these gaseous bio-fuels, known as hythane, has superior characteristics and is increasingly regarded as an alternative to fossil fuels. This review provides the current developments achieved in the conversion of algal biomass to bio-hythane (H2+CH4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anish Ghimire
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kathmandu University, P.O. Box 6250, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- Green Processing, Bioremediation and Alternative Energies Research Group (GPBAE), Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Periyasamy Sivagurunathan
- Center for Materials Cycles and Waste Management Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Sutha Shobana
- Department of Chemistry and Research Centre, Aditanar College of Arts and Science, Virapandianpatnam, Tiruchendur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ganesh D Saratale
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University - Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyonggido 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Vincenzo Luongo
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Esposito
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, via Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino (FR), Italy
| | - Raul Munoz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Doctor Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
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Wu JY, Lay CH, Chen CC, Wu SY. Lipid accumulating microalgae cultivation in textile wastewater: Environmental parameters optimization. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2017.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sanz JL, Rojas P, Morato A, Mendez L, Ballesteros M, González-Fernández C. Microbial communities of biomethanization digesters fed with raw and heat pre-treated microalgae biomasses. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 168:1013-1021. [PMID: 27836273 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.10.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae biomasses are considered promising feedstocks for biofuel and methane productions. Two Continuously Stirred Tank Reactors (CSTR), fed with fresh (CSTR-C) and heat pre-treated (CSTR-T) Chlorella biomass were run in parallel in order to determine methane productions. The methane yield was 1.5 times higher in CSTR-T with regard to CSTR-C. Aiming to understand the microorganism roles within of the reactors, the sludge used as an inoculum (I), plus raw (CSTR-C) and heat pre-treated (CSTR-T) samples were analyzed by high-throughput pyrosequencing. The bacterial communities were dominated by Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi and Firmicutes. Spirochaetae and Actinobacteria were only detected in sample I. Proteobacteria, mainly Alfaproteobacteria, were by far the dominant phylum within of the CSTR-C bioreactor. Many of the sequences retrieved were related to bacteria present in activated sludge treatment plants and they were absent after thermal pre-treatment. Most of the sequences affiliated to the Bacteroidetes were related to uncultured groups. Anaerolineaceae was the sole family found of the Chloroflexi phylum. All of the genera identified of the Firmicutes phylum carried out macromolecule hydrolysis and by-product fermentation. The proteolytic bacteria were prevalent over the saccharolytic microbes. The percentage of the proteolytic genera increased from the inoculum to the CSTR-T sample in a parallel fashion with an available protein increase owing to the high protein content of Chlorella. To relate the taxa identified by high-throughput sequencing to their functional roles remains a future challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Luis Sanz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/ Darwin 2, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Patricia Rojas
- Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/ Darwin 2, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ana Morato
- Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/ Darwin 2, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Lara Mendez
- IMDEA Energy, Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3, 28935, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mercedes Ballesteros
- IMDEA Energy, Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3, 28935, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain; CIEMAT, Avda Complutense, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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Batista AP, López EP, Dias C, Lopes da Silva T, Marques IP. Wastes valorization from Rhodosporidium toruloides NCYC 921 production and biorefinery by anaerobic digestion. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 226:108-117. [PMID: 27992793 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.11.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Yeast production and biomass biorefinery processes for lipid and carotenoid extraction generate residues that can be used as substrates for anaerobic digestion. Glucose and carob pulp syrups were used as carbon sources to produce the yeast biomass. The yeast cultivation broth, yeast biomass residues (after carotenoid and lipid extraction) and the carob pulp solid residues obtained from the extraction of sugars were used to produce biogas by applying different Substrate/Inoculum ratios (S/I of 0.5 and 0.75). For all the residues studied, the digestions at the S/I ratio of 0.75 provided higher biogas yields than those carried out at the S/I ratio of 0.5. The best results in terms of biogas production and methane yield were observed for the yeast residue digestion at S/I of 0.75 (65.9mL, 333.7mLg-1VS-1 substrate). As monitored through flow cytometry, its bacterial consortium showed the lowest proportion of injured cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Batista
- Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, Unidade de Bioenergia, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal; LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Emílio Palomo López
- Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, Unidade de Bioenergia, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carla Dias
- Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, Unidade de Bioenergia, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Teresa Lopes da Silva
- Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, Unidade de Bioenergia, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Isabel Paula Marques
- Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, Unidade de Bioenergia, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
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Wang J, Yin Y. Pretreatment of Organic Wastes for Hydrogen Production. BIOHYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM ORGANIC WASTES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-4675-9_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Carrillo-Reyes J, Buitrón G. Biohydrogen and methane production via a two-step process using an acid pretreated native microalgae consortium. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 221:324-330. [PMID: 27648852 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A native microalgae consortium treated under thermal-acidic hydrolysis was used to produce hydrogen and methane in a two-step sequential process. Different acid concentrations were tested, generating hydrogen and methane yields of up to 45mLH2gVS-1 and 432mLCH4gVS-1, respectively. The hydrogen production step solubilized the particulate COD (chemical oxygen demand) up to 30%, creating considerable amounts of volatile fatty acids (up to 10gCODL-1). It was observed that lower acid concentration presented higher hydrogen and methane production potential. The results revealed that thermal acid hydrolysis of a native microalgae consortium is a simple but effective strategy for producing hydrogen and methane in the sequential process. In addition to COD removal (50-70%), this method resulted in an energy recovery of up to 15.9kJ per g of volatile solids of microalgae biomass, one of the highest reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Carrillo-Reyes
- Laboratory for Research on Advanced Processes for Water Treatment, Unidad Académica Juriquilla, Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Blvd. Juriquilla 3001, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Germán Buitrón
- Laboratory for Research on Advanced Processes for Water Treatment, Unidad Académica Juriquilla, Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Blvd. Juriquilla 3001, Querétaro 76230, Mexico.
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Fermoso FG, Beltran C, Jimenez A, Fernández MJ, Rincón B, Borja R, Jeison D. Screening of biomethane production potential from dominant microalgae. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2016; 51:1062-1067. [PMID: 27409043 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2016.1198627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The use of microalgae for biomethane production has been considerably increasing during the recent years. In this study, four dominant species belonging to the genera Scenedesmus, Chlorella, Dunaliella and Nostoc were selected. The influence of different genera with several morphological, structural and physicochemical characteristics on methane production was assessed in biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests. The ultimate methane yield values were 332 ± 24, 211 ± 2, 63 ± 17 and 28 ± 10 mL CH4/g VSadded for Scenedesmus obliquus, Chlorella sorokiniana, Dunaliella salina and Nostoc sp., respectively. The highest methane production was achieved by microalga species that had no complex cell wall or wall basically composed by proteins and simple sugars such as in S. obliquus, whereas lower methane yields were found for D. salina and Nostoc sp., due to the salinity effects and cell wall composition in terms of complex polysaccharide and glycolipid layers, respectively. Kinetic constant values obtained in the BMP tests ranged between 1.00 ± 0.08 and 0.097 ± 0.005 days(-1) for D. salina and S. obliquus, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando G Fermoso
- a Food Biotechnology Department, Instituto de la Grasa (C.S.I.C.) , Sevilla , Spain
| | - Carolina Beltran
- a Food Biotechnology Department, Instituto de la Grasa (C.S.I.C.) , Sevilla , Spain
- b Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera , Temuco , Chile
| | - Antonia Jimenez
- c Department of Physical, Chemical, and Natural Systems , Universidad Pablo de Olavide , Sevilla , Spain
| | - María José Fernández
- a Food Biotechnology Department, Instituto de la Grasa (C.S.I.C.) , Sevilla , Spain
- c Department of Physical, Chemical, and Natural Systems , Universidad Pablo de Olavide , Sevilla , Spain
| | - Bárbara Rincón
- a Food Biotechnology Department, Instituto de la Grasa (C.S.I.C.) , Sevilla , Spain
| | - Rafael Borja
- a Food Biotechnology Department, Instituto de la Grasa (C.S.I.C.) , Sevilla , Spain
| | - David Jeison
- b Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera , Temuco , Chile
- d Department of Chemical Engineering , Universidad de La Frontera , Temuco , Chile
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29
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Klassen V, Blifernez-Klassen O, Wobbe L, Schlüter A, Kruse O, Mussgnug JH. Efficiency and biotechnological aspects of biogas production from microalgal substrates. J Biotechnol 2016; 234:7-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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30
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Innovation in biological production and upgrading of methane and hydrogen for use as gaseous transport biofuel. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:451-472. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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31
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Tsiplakou E, Abdullah MAM, Skliros D, Chatzikonstantinou M, Flemetakis E, Labrou N, Zervas G. The effect of dietaryChlorella vulgarissupplementation on micro-organism community, enzyme activities and fatty acid profile in the rumen liquid of goats. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2016; 101:275-283. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Tsiplakou
- Department of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding; Agricultural University of Athens; Athens Greece
| | - M. A. M. Abdullah
- Department of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding; Agricultural University of Athens; Athens Greece
| | - D. Skliros
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology; Department of Biotechnology; School of Food, Biotechnology and Development; Agricultural University of Athens; Athens Greece
| | - M. Chatzikonstantinou
- Laboratory of Enzyme Technology; Department of Biotechnology; School of Food, Biotechnology and Development; Agricultural University of Athens; Athens Greece
| | - E. Flemetakis
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology; Department of Biotechnology; School of Food, Biotechnology and Development; Agricultural University of Athens; Athens Greece
| | - N. Labrou
- Laboratory of Enzyme Technology; Department of Biotechnology; School of Food, Biotechnology and Development; Agricultural University of Athens; Athens Greece
| | - G. Zervas
- Department of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding; Agricultural University of Athens; Athens Greece
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32
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Aydin S. Enhancement of microbial diversity and methane yield by bacterial bioaugmentation through the anaerobic digestion of Haematococcus pluvialis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:5631-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7501-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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33
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Gonzalez-Fernandez C, Sialve B, Molinuevo-Salces B. Anaerobic digestion of microalgal biomass: Challenges, opportunities and research needs. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 198:896-906. [PMID: 26454349 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.09.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Integration of anaerobic digestion (AD) with microalgae processes has become a key topic to support economic and environmental development of this resource. Compared with other substrates, microalgae can be produced close to the plant without the need for arable lands and be fully integrated within a biorefinery. As a limiting step, anaerobic hydrolysis appears to be one of the most challenging steps to reach a positive economic balance and to completely exploit the potential of microalgae for biogas and fertilizers production. This review covers recent investigations dealing with microalgae AD and highlights research opportunities and needs to support the development of this resource. Novel approaches to increase hydrolysis rate, the importance of the reactor design and the noteworthiness of the microbial anaerobic community are addressed. Finally, the integration of AD with microalgae processes and the potential of the carboxylate platform for chemicals and biofuels production are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruno Sialve
- INRA, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement, Avenue des Etangs, Narbonne F-11100, France
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34
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Wu J, Liu J, Lin L, Zhang C, Li A, Zhu Y, Zhang Y. Evaluation of several flocculants for flocculating microalgae. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 197:495-501. [PMID: 26369279 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.08.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Flocculation of microalgae with chitosan, polyacrylamide, Al2(SO4)3, NaOH and HNO3 was evaluated. Their flocculation efficiencies and optimal dosages were discussed. The effects of the flocculants on cells viability were also investigated and the cells were found to be intact during the flocculation process. Moreover, the effects of flocculants on the extractions were evaluated. Lipid content after flocculants treatments showed no significant differences. Carbohydrate content was lower but protein content was higher after NaOH treatment than those after other treatments. Furthermore, the five flocculated media maintained approximate growth yields to that of the fresh medium in microalgal cultivation, indicating the five flocculated media could be recycled, thereby reducing the cost of biodiesel production from microalgae. Finally, economic comparison of the flocculants was made and the cost of using HNO3, including flocculating cells and recycling medium, was found to be the lowest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinheng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jiexia Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Lifang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chengwu Zhang
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Aifen Li
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Yuanming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510632, China
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35
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Cai J, Chen M, Wang G, Pan G, Yu P. Fermentative hydrogen and polyhydroxybutyrate production from pretreated cyanobacterial blooms. ALGAL RES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2015.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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36
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Wirth R, Lakatos G, Böjti T, Maróti G, Bagi Z, Kis M, Kovács A, Ács N, Rákhely G, Kovács KL. Metagenome changes in the mesophilic biogas-producing community during fermentation of the green alga Scenedesmus obliquus. J Biotechnol 2015; 215:52-61. [PMID: 26087313 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.06.396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A microalgal biomass offers a potential alternative to the maize silage commonly used in biogas technology. In this study, photoautotrophically grown Scenedesmus obliquus was used as biogas substrate. This microalga has a low C/N ratio of 8.5 relative to the optimum 20-30. A significant increase in the ammonium ion content was not observed. The methane content of the biogas generated from Sc. obliquus proved to be higher than that from maize silage, but the specific biogas yield was lower. Semi-continuous steady biogas production lasted for 2 months. Because of the thick cell wall of Sc. obliquus, the biomass-degrading microorganisms require additional time to digest its biomass. The methane concentration in the biogas was also high, in co-digestion (i.e., 52-56%) as in alga-fed anaerobic digestion (i.e., 55-62%). These results may be related to the relative predominance of the order Clostridiales in co-digestion and to the more balanced C/N ratio of the mixed algal-maize biomass. Predominance of the order Methanosarcinales was observed in the domain Archaea, which supported the diversity of metabolic pathways in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Wirth
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Gergely Lakatos
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Tamás Böjti
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Gergely Maróti
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Zoltán Bagi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Mihály Kis
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Attila Kovács
- Phytoplankton and Macrophyte Research Team, Balaton Limnological Institute, Klebersberg Kuno 3, H-8237 Tihany, Hungary.
| | - Norbert Ács
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Gábor Rákhely
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Kornél L Kovács
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; Department of Oral Biology and Experimental Dental Research, University of Szeged, Tisza L. krt. 64, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
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37
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Batista AP, Ambrosano L, Graça S, Sousa C, Marques PASS, Ribeiro B, Botrel EP, Castro Neto P, Gouveia L. Combining urban wastewater treatment with biohydrogen production--an integrated microalgae-based approach. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 184:230-235. [PMID: 25453433 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.10.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present work was the simultaneous treatment of urban wastewater using microalgae and the energetic valorization of the obtained biomass. Chlorella vulgaris (Cv), Scenedesmus obliquus (Sc) and a naturally occurring algal Consortium C (ConsC) were grown in an urban wastewater. The nutrient removals were quite high and the treated water fits the legislation (PT Dec-Lei 236/98) in what concerns the parameters analysed (N, P, COD). After nutrient depletion the microalgae remained two more weeks in the photobioreactor (PBR) under nutritional stress conditions, to induce sugar accumulation (22-43%). The stressed biomass was converted into biohydrogen (bioH2), a clean energy carrier, through dark fermentation by a strain of the bacteria Enterobacter aerogenes. The fermentation kinetics were monitored and fitted to a modified Gompertz model. The highest bioH2 production yield was obtained for S. obliquus (56.8 mL H2/gVS) which was very similar when using the same algae grown in synthetic media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Batista
- LNEG-Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia e Geologia, I.P. Unidade de Bioenergia, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Lucas Ambrosano
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Programa de Pós-Graduação Fitotecnia/Agronomia, Lavras, Brazil
| | - Sofia Graça
- LNEG-Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia e Geologia, I.P. Unidade de Bioenergia, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina Sousa
- LNEG-Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia e Geologia, I.P. Unidade de Bioenergia, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paula A S S Marques
- LNEG-Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia e Geologia, I.P. Unidade de Bioenergia, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Belina Ribeiro
- LNEG-Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia e Geologia, I.P. Unidade de Bioenergia, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Elberis P Botrel
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Programa de Pós-Graduação Fitotecnia/Agronomia, Lavras, Brazil
| | - Pedro Castro Neto
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Programa de Pós-Graduação Fitotecnia/Agronomia, Lavras, Brazil
| | - Luisa Gouveia
- LNEG-Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia e Geologia, I.P. Unidade de Bioenergia, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal.
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Wirth R, Lakatos G, Maróti G, Bagi Z, Minárovics J, Nagy K, Kondorosi É, Rákhely G, Kovács KL. Exploitation of algal-bacterial associations in a two-stage biohydrogen and biogas generation process. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2015; 8:59. [PMID: 25873997 PMCID: PMC4395902 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-015-0243-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The growing concern regarding the use of agricultural land for the production of biomass for food/feed or energy is dictating the search for alternative biomass sources. Photosynthetic microorganisms grown on marginal or deserted land present a promising alternative to the cultivation of energy plants and thereby may dampen the 'food or fuel' dispute. Microalgae offer diverse utilization routes. RESULTS A two-stage energetic utilization, using a natural mixed population of algae (Chlamydomonas sp. and Scenedesmus sp.) and mutualistic bacteria (primarily Rhizobium sp.), was tested for coupled biohydrogen and biogas production. The microalgal-bacterial biomass generated hydrogen without sulfur deprivation. Algal hydrogen production in the mixed population started earlier but lasted for a shorter period relative to the benchmark approach. The residual biomass after hydrogen production was used for biogas generation and was compared with the biogas production from maize silage. The gas evolved from the microbial biomass was enriched in methane, but the specific gas production was lower than that of maize silage. Sustainable biogas production from the microbial biomass proceeded without noticeable difficulties in continuously stirred fed-batch laboratory-size reactors for an extended period of time. Co-fermentation of the microbial biomass and maize silage improved the biogas production: The metagenomic results indicated that pronounced changes took place in the domain Bacteria, primarily due to the introduction of a considerable bacterial biomass into the system with the substrate; this effect was partially compensated in the case of co-fermentation. The bacteria living in syntrophy with the algae apparently persisted in the anaerobic reactor and predominated in the bacterial population. The Archaea community remained virtually unaffected by the changes in the substrate biomass composition. CONCLUSION Through elimination of cost- and labor-demanding sulfur deprivation, sustainable biohydrogen production can be carried out by using microalgae and their mutualistic bacterial partners. The beneficial effect of the mutualistic mixed bacteria in O2 quenching is that the spent algal-bacterial biomass can be further exploited for biogas production. Anaerobic fermentation of the microbial biomass depends on the composition of the biogas-producing microbial community. Co-fermentation of the mixed microbial biomass with maize silage improved the biogas productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Wirth
- />Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gergely Lakatos
- />Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gergely Maróti
- />Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Bagi
- />Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - János Minárovics
- />Department of Oral Biology and Experimental Dental Research, University of Szeged, Tisza L. krt. 64, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Katalin Nagy
- />Department of Oral Biology and Experimental Dental Research, University of Szeged, Tisza L. krt. 64, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Éva Kondorosi
- />Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Rákhely
- />Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
- />Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kornél L Kovács
- />Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
- />Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
- />Department of Oral Biology and Experimental Dental Research, University of Szeged, Tisza L. krt. 64, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
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Soto M, Vázquez MA, de Vega A, Vilariño JM, Fernández G, de Vicente MES. Methane potential and anaerobic treatment feasibility of Sargassum muticum. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 189:53-61. [PMID: 25864031 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.03.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to study the feasibility of anaerobic digestion of the alga Sargassum muticum with special attention to its biodegradability, potential toxicity caused by its salt content, alga components and intermediate process compounds, and potential limitations to continuous treatment. Specific methane potential (SMP) for three samples of S. muticum collected from the Galician coast (Northwest Spain) at different seasons ranged from 166 to 208 mLCH4/gVS while accumulation of toxic compounds was not observed at alga concentrations of up to 100 gTS/L, except for one of the samples in which inhibition started at 80-100 gTS/L. Continuous digestion is feasible at alga concentration up to 100 gTS/L with methane production rates ranging from 0.14 to 0.26 LCH4/Ld at organic loading rates of 3.2 gTS/Ld, but SMP dropped to 113-159 mLCH4/gVS.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Soto
- Dept. of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering I, University of A Coruña, Rúa da Fraga n° 10, 15008 A Coruña, Galiza, Spain.
| | - M A Vázquez
- Dept. of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering I, University of A Coruña, Rúa da Fraga n° 10, 15008 A Coruña, Galiza, Spain
| | - A de Vega
- Dept. of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering I, University of A Coruña, Rúa da Fraga n° 10, 15008 A Coruña, Galiza, Spain
| | - J M Vilariño
- INVESGA, S.L. Rúa Perseo n° 9, 15179 Oleiros, A Coruña, Spain
| | - G Fernández
- INVESGA, S.L. Rúa Perseo n° 9, 15179 Oleiros, A Coruña, Spain
| | - M E S de Vicente
- Dept. of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering I, University of A Coruña, Rúa da Fraga n° 10, 15008 A Coruña, Galiza, Spain
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40
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First draft genome sequence of the amylolytic Bacillus thermoamylovorans wild-type strain 1A1 isolated from a thermophilic biogas plant. J Biotechnol 2014; 192 Pt A:154-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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41
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Laothanachareon T, Kanchanasuta S, Mhuanthong W, Phalakornkule C, Pisutpaisal N, Champreda V. Analysis of microbial community adaptation in mesophilic hydrogen fermentation from food waste by tagged 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2014; 144:143-151. [PMID: 24945701 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Dark fermentation is an attractive process for generation of biohydrogen, which involves complex microbial processes on decomposition of organic wastes and subsequent conversion of metabolic intermediates to hydrogen. The microbes present in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor for waste water treatment were tested for application in batch dark fermentation of food waste at varying ratios of feedstock to heat-treated microbial inoculum (F/M) of 1-8 (g TVS/g TVS). Biohydrogen yields between 0.39 and 2.68 mol H2/mol hexose were obtained, indicating that the yields were highly dependent on the starting F/M ratio. The highest H2 purity of 66% was obtained from the first 8 h of fermentation at the F/M ratio of 2, whereas the highest H2 production was obtained after 35 h of fermentation at the F/M ratio of 5. Tagged 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing showed that the seed culture comprised largely of uncultured bacteria with various Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes, while the starting food waste contained mainly lactic acid bacteria. Enrichment of Firmicutes, particularly Clostridia and lactic acid bacteria occurred within 8 h of the dark fermentation and the H2 producing microcosm at 35 h was dominated >80% by Clostridium spp. The major H2 producer was identified as a Clostridial strain related to Clostridium frigidicarnis. This work demonstrated the adaption of the microbial community during the dark fermentation of complex food waste and revealed the major roles of Clostridia in both substrate degradation and biohydrogen production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanaporn Laothanachareon
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory, Bioresources Technology Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Thailand Science Park, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Suwimon Kanchanasuta
- The Joint Graduate School for Energy and Environment (JGSEE), King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Thungkru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Wuttichai Mhuanthong
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory, Bioresources Technology Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Thailand Science Park, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Chantaraporn Phalakornkule
- The Joint Graduate School for Energy and Environment (JGSEE), King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Thungkru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand; Department of Chemical Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand; The Research and Technology Center for Renewable Products and Energy, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand
| | - Nipon Pisutpaisal
- The Joint Graduate School for Energy and Environment (JGSEE), King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Thungkru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand; The Research and Technology Center for Renewable Products and Energy, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand; Department of Agro-Industrial, Food, and Environmental Technology, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand; The Biosensor and Bioelectronics Technology Centre, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand.
| | - Verawat Champreda
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory, Bioresources Technology Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Thailand Science Park, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.
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Liu J, Tao Y, Wu J, Zhu Y, Gao B, Tang Y, Li A, Zhang C, Zhang Y. Effective flocculation of target microalgae with self-flocculating microalgae induced by pH decrease. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 167:367-375. [PMID: 24998477 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A flocculation method was developed to harvest target microalgae with self-flocculating microalgae induced by decreasing pH to just below isoelectric point. The flocculation efficiencies of target microalgae were much higher than those flocculated only via pH decrease. The mechanism could be that negatively charged self-flocculating microalgal cells became positively charged during pH decrease, subsequently attracted negatively charged target microalgae cells to form flocs and settled down due to gravity. Microalgal biomass concentration and released polysaccharide (RPS) from target microalgae influenced flocculation efficiencies, while multivalent metal ions in growth medium could not. Furthermore, neutralizing pH and then supplementing nutrients allowed flocculated medium to be recycled for cultivation. Finally, Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficients (Rs) between flocculation efficiency and key factors were also investigated. These results suggest that this method is effective, simple to operate and allows the reuse of flocculated medium, thereby contributing to the economic production from microalgae to biodiesel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiexia Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Yujun Tao
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Jinheng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
| | - Baoyan Gao
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 5100632, PR China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Aifen Li
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 5100632, PR China
| | - Chengwu Zhang
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 5100632, PR China
| | - Yuanming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
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43
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Zhao B, Ma J, Zhao Q, Laurens L, Jarvis E, Chen S, Frear C. Efficient anaerobic digestion of whole microalgae and lipid-extracted microalgae residues for methane energy production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 161:423-30. [PMID: 24736123 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.03.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to completely investigate extensive biological methane potential (BMP) on both whole microalgae and its lipid-extracted biomass residues with various degrees of biomass pretreatment. Specific methane productivities (SMP) under batch conditions for non-lipid extracted biomass were better than lipid-extracted biomass residues and exhibited no signs of ammonia or carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio inhibition when digested at high I/S ratio (I/S ratio⩾1.0). SMP for suitably extracted biomass ranged from 0.30 to 0.38LCH4/gVS (volatile solids). For both whole and lipid-extracted biomass, overall organic conversion ranged from 59.33 to 78.50 as a measure of %VS reduction with greater percentage biodegradability in general found within the lipid-extracted biomass. Higher production levels correlated to lipid content with a linear relationship between SMP and ash-free lipid content being developed at a R(2) of 0.814.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baisuo Zhao
- Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jingwei Ma
- Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Quanbao Zhao
- Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Lieve Laurens
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401-3305, USA
| | - Eric Jarvis
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401-3305, USA
| | - Shulin Chen
- Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Craig Frear
- Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
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44
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Prajapati SK, Kumar P, Malik A, Vijay VK. Bioconversion of algae to methane and subsequent utilization of digestate for algae cultivation: a closed loop bioenergy generation process. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 158:174-180. [PMID: 24603490 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation was targeted on anaerobic digestion of Chroococcus sp. and utilization of resultant "Liquid Digestate" for its further biomass production. The algal biomass has biomethane potential of 317.31 ± 1.9 mL CH4 g(-1) VSfed. Regular process monitoring revealed that process was stable throughout the experiments. The "Liquid Digestate" was explored as nutrient supplement for further algal growth. Diluted "Liquid Digestate" (30% concentration) was found optimal for algal growth (0.79 ± 0.064 g L(-1)). Simultaneously, 69.99-89.31% removal in nutrient and sCOD was also recorded with algal growth. Interestingly, higher growth was observed when rural sector wastewater (1.29 ± 0.067 g L(-1)) and BG11 broth (1.42 ± 0.102 g L(-1)) was used for diluting the "Liquid Digestate". The current findings have practically proven the feasibility of hypothesized "closed loop process".
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India; Biogas Research Laboratory, Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.
| | - Pushpendar Kumar
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Anushree Malik
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.
| | - Virendra Kumar Vijay
- Biogas Research Laboratory, Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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Mottet A, Habouzit F, Steyer JP. Anaerobic digestion of marine microalgae in different salinity levels. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 158:300-6. [PMID: 24632407 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In the context of biofuel production from marine microalgae, anaerobic digestion has the potential to make the process more sustainable and to increase energy efficiency. However, the use of salt-containing microalgae organic residues entails the presence of salts which inhibits methanogenesis. The search for suitable anaerobic microbial consortium adapted to saline conditions can boost the anaerobic conversion into methane. The anaerobic digestion performance of three different anaerobic microbial consortia was assessed in batch tests at different salinities between 15 and 150 g L(-1) and for three successive substrate additions. After an acclimation period, the methane (CH4) yield of the halophilic methanogens at 35 g L(-1) of salinity was close to the reference value without salt addition. Above 75 g L(-1) of salinity, methanogenesis was considerably slowed down. The results underline that methane production from halophilic sediment can be envisaged and promoted for practical application at a seawater concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Mottet
- INRA, UR50, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement, Avenue des Etangs, Narbonne F-11100, France
| | - Frédéric Habouzit
- INRA, UR50, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement, Avenue des Etangs, Narbonne F-11100, France.
| | - Jean Philippe Steyer
- INRA, UR50, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement, Avenue des Etangs, Narbonne F-11100, France
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46
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Kinnunen HV, Koskinen PEP, Rintala J. Mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic laboratory-scale digestion of Nannochloropsis microalga residues. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 155:314-322. [PMID: 24462882 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.12.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper studies methane production using a marine microalga, Nannochloropsis sp. residue from biodiesel production. Residue cake from Nannochloropsis, oils wet-extracted, had a methane potential of 482LCH4kg(-1) volatile solids (VS) in batch assays. However, when dry-extracted, the methane potential of residue cake was only 194LCH4kg(-1) VS. In semi-continuous reactor trials with dry-extracted residue cake, a thermophilic reactor produced 48% higher methane yield (220LCH4kg(-1)VS) than a mesophilic reactor (149LCH4kg(-1)VS). The thermophilic reactor was apparently inhibited due to ammonia with organic loading rate (OLR) of 2kgVSm(-3)d(-1) (hydraulic retention time (HRT) 46d), whereas the mesophilic reactor performed with OLR of 3kgVSm(-3)d(-1) (HRT 30d). Algal salt content did not inhibit digestion. Additional methane (18-33% of primary digester yield) was produced during 100d post-digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- H V Kinnunen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, 33101 Tampere, Finland.
| | - P E P Koskinen
- Research and Development, Neste Oil Corporation, P.O. Box 310, 06101 Porvoo, Finland.
| | - J Rintala
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, 33101 Tampere, Finland.
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Therien JB, Zadvornyy OA, Posewitz MC, Bryant DA, Peters JW. Growth of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in acetate-free medium when co-cultured with alginate-encapsulated, acetate-producing strains of Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2014; 7:154. [PMID: 25364380 PMCID: PMC4216383 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-014-0154-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The model alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii requires acetate as a co-substrate for optimal production of lipids, and the addition of acetate to culture media has practical and economic implications for algal biofuel production. Here we demonstrate the growth of C. reinhardtii on acetate provided by mutant strains of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002. RESULTS Optimal growth conditions for co-cultivation of C. reinhardtii with wild-type and mutant strains of Synechococcus sp. 7002 were established. In co-culture, acetate produced by a glycogen synthase knockout mutant of Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 was able to support the growth of a lipid-accumulating mutant strain of C. reinhardtii defective in starch production. Encapsulation of Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 using an alginate matrix was successfully employed in co-cultures to limit growth and maintain the stability. CONCLUSIONS The ability of immobilized strains of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 to produce acetate at a level adequate to support the growth of lipid-accumulating strains of C. reinhartdii offers a potentially practical, photosynthetic alternative to providing exogenous acetate into growth media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse B Therien
- />Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717 USA
| | - Oleg A Zadvornyy
- />Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717 USA
| | - Matthew C Posewitz
- />Department of Chemistry and Geochemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA
| | - Donald A Bryant
- />Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717 USA
- />Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 USA
| | - John W Peters
- />Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717 USA
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Prajapati SK, Kaushik P, Malik A, Vijay VK. Phycoremediation coupled production of algal biomass, harvesting and anaerobic digestion: Possibilities and challenges. Biotechnol Adv 2013; 31:1408-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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49
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Liu J, Zhu Y, Tao Y, Zhang Y, Li A, Li T, Sang M, Zhang C. Freshwater microalgae harvested via flocculation induced by pH decrease. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2013; 6:98. [PMID: 23834840 PMCID: PMC3716916 DOI: 10.1186/1754-6834-6-98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have demonstrated that microalga has been widely regarded as one of the most promising raw materials of biofuels. However, lack of an economical, efficient and convenient method to harvest microalgae is a bottleneck to boost their full-scale application. Many methods of harvesting microalgae, including mechanical, electrical, biological and chemical based, have been studied to overcome this hurdle. RESULTS A new flocculation method induced by decreasing pH value of growth medium was developed for harvesting freshwater microalgae. The flocculation efficiencies were as high as 90% for Chlorococcum nivale, Chlorococcum ellipsoideum and Scenedesmus sp. with high biomass concentrations (>1g/L). The optimum flocculation efficiency was achieved at pH 4.0. The flocculation mechanism could be that the carboxylate ions of organic matters adhering on microalgal cells accepted protons when pH decreases and the negative charges were neutralized, resulting in disruption of the dispersing stability of cells and subsequent flocculation of cells. A linear correlation between biomass concentration and acid dosage was observed. Furthermore, viability of flocculated cells was determined by Evans Blue assay and few cells were found to be damaged with pH decrease. After neutralizing pH and adding nutrients to the flocculated medium, microalgae were proved to maintain a similar growth yield in the flocculated medium comparing with that in the fresh medium. The recycling of medium could contribute to the economical production from algae to biodiesel. CONCLUSIONS The study provided an economical, efficient and convenient method to harvest fresh microalgae. Advantages include capability of treating high cell biomass concentrations (>1g/L), excellent flocculation efficiencies (≥ 90%), operational simplicity, low cost and recycling of medium. It has shown the potential to overcome the hurdle of harvesting microalgae to promote full-scale application to biofuels from microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiexia Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yujun Tao
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yuanming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Aifen Li
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Tao Li
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ming Sang
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chengwu Zhang
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510632, China
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50
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Lü F, Ji J, Shao L, He P. Bacterial bioaugmentation for improving methane and hydrogen production from microalgae. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2013; 6:92. [PMID: 23815806 PMCID: PMC3699423 DOI: 10.1186/1754-6834-6-92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recalcitrant cell walls of microalgae may limit their digestibility for bioenergy production. Considering that cellulose contributes to the cell wall recalcitrance of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris, this study investigated bioaugmentation with a cellulolytic and hydrogenogenic bacterium, Clostridium thermocellum, at different inoculum ratios as a possible method to improve CH4 and H2 production of microalgae. RESULTS Methane production was found to increase by 17?~?24% with the addition of C. thermocellum, as a result of enhanced cell disruption and excess hydrogen production. Furthermore, addition of C. thermocellum enhanced the bacterial diversity and quantities, leading to higher fermentation efficiency. A two-step process of addition of C. thermocellum first and methanogenic sludge subsequently could recover both hydrogen and methane, with a 9.4% increase in bioenergy yield, when compared with the one-step process of simultaneous addition of C. thermocellum and methanogenic sludge. The fluorescence peaks of excitation-emission matrix spectra associated with chlorophyll can serve as biomarkers for algal cell degradation. CONCLUSIONS Bioaugmentation with C. thermocellum improved the degradation of C. vulgaris biomass, producing higher levels of methane and hydrogen. The two-step process, with methanogenic inoculum added after the hydrogen production reached saturation, was found to be an energy-efficiency method for hydrogen and methane production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Lü
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jiaqi Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Liming Shao
- Centre for the Technology Research and Training on Household Waste in Small Towns & Rural Area, Ministry of Housing and Urban–rural Development of PR. China (MOHURD), Beijing, China
| | - Pinjing He
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Centre for the Technology Research and Training on Household Waste in Small Towns & Rural Area, Ministry of Housing and Urban–rural Development of PR. China (MOHURD), Beijing, China
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