1
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Wang Y, Pan Y, Lv Z, Gou S. Discovery of N-(4-((6-(3,5- Dimethoxyphenyl)-9H-purine derivatives as irreversible covalent FGFR inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 271:116415. [PMID: 38643670 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) is an attractive target for cancer therapy, but existing FGFR inhibitors appear to hardly meet the demand for clinical application. Herein, a number of irreversible covalent FGFR inhibitors were designed and synthesized by selecting several five- and six-membered azaheterocycles as parent scaffold with different substituents to take over the hydrophobic region in the active pocket of FGFR proteins. Among the resulting target compounds, III-30 showed the most potent effect on enzyme activity inhibition and anti-proliferative activity against the tested cancer cell lines. Significantly, III-30 could inhibit the enzyme activity by achieving irreversible covalent binding with FGFR1 and FGFR4 proteins. It could also regulate FGFR-mediated signaling pathway and mitochondrial apoptotic pathway to promote cancer cell apoptosis and inhibit cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Moreover, III-30 had a good metabolic stability and showed relatively potent anti-tumor activity in the MDA-MB-231 xenograft tumor mice model.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemical synthesis
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Mice
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/chemistry
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/chemical synthesis
- Molecular Structure
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Purines/pharmacology
- Purines/chemistry
- Purines/chemical synthesis
- Drug Discovery
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1/metabolism
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Mice, Nude
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 4/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 4/metabolism
- Female
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjiang Wang
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, PR China; Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, PR China
| | - Yanchang Pan
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, PR China
| | - Zhaodan Lv
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, PR China
| | - Shaohua Gou
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, PR China; Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, PR China.
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2
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Lee Y, Chowdhury T, Kim S, Yu HJ, Kim KM, Kang H, Kim MS, Kim JW, Kim YH, Ji SY, Hwang K, Han JH, Hwang J, Yoo SK, Lee KS, Choe G, Won JK, Park SH, Lee YK, Shin JH, Park CK, Kim CY, Kim JI. Central neurocytoma exhibits radial glial cell signatures with FGFR3 hypomethylation and overexpression. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:975-986. [PMID: 38609519 PMCID: PMC11059271 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01204-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
We explored the genomic events underlying central neurocytoma (CN), a rare neoplasm of the central nervous system, via multiomics approaches, including whole-exome sequencing, bulk and single-nuclei RNA sequencing, and methylation sequencing. We identified FGFR3 hypomethylation leading to FGFR3 overexpression as a major event in the ontogeny of CN that affects crucial downstream events, such as aberrant PI3K-AKT activity and neuronal development pathways. Furthermore, we found similarities between CN and radial glial cells based on analyses of gene markers and CN tumor cells and postulate that CN tumorigenesis is due to dysregulation of radial glial cell differentiation into neurons. Our data demonstrate the potential role of FGFR3 as one of the leading drivers of tumorigenesis in CN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeajina Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tamrin Chowdhury
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sojin Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Jong Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sung Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Wook Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Hwy Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kihwan Hwang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ho Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinha Hwang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Keun Yoo
- The Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Kyu Sang Lee
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Gheeyoung Choe
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Kyung Won
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hye Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Kyu Lee
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Joo Heon Shin
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chul-Kee Park
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chae-Yong Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Il Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Damiescu R, Yücer R, Klauck SM, Bringmann G, Efferth T, Dawood M. Jozimine A 2, a Dimeric Naphthylisoquinoline (NIQ) Alkaloid, Shows In Vitro Cytotoxic Effects against Leukemia Cells through NF-κB Inhibition. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3087. [PMID: 38542061 PMCID: PMC10970593 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25063087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Naphthylisoquinoline (NIQ) alkaloids are rising as a promising class of secondary metabolites with pharmaceutical potential. NF-κB has already been recognized as a significant modulator of cancer proliferation and drug resistance. We have previously reported the mechanisms behind the cytotoxic effect of dioncophylline A, an NIQ monomer, in leukemia cells. In the current study, we have investigated the cytotoxic effect of jozimine A2, an NIQ dimer, on leukemia cells in comparison to a second, structurally unsymmetric dimer, michellamine B. To this end, molecular docking was applied to predict the binding affinity of the dimers towards NF-κB, which was then validated through microscale thermophoresis. Next, cytotoxicity assays were performed on CCRF-CEM cells and multidrug-resistant CEM/ADR5000 cells following treatment. Transcriptome analysis uncovered the molecular networks affected by jozimine A2 and identified the cell cycle as one of the major affected processes. Cell death modes were evaluated through flow cytometry, while angiogenesis was measured with the endothelial cell tube formation assay on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The results indicated that jozimine A2 bound to NF-κB, inhibited its activity and prevented its translocation to the nucleus. In addition, jozimine A2 induced cell death through apoptosis and prevented angiogenesis. Our study describes the cytotoxic effect of jozimine A2 on leukemia cells and explains the interactions with the NF-κB signaling pathway and the anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Damiescu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany (R.Y.); (T.E.)
| | - Rümeysa Yücer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany (R.Y.); (T.E.)
| | - Sabine M. Klauck
- Division of Cancer Genome Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a Partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany;
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany (R.Y.); (T.E.)
| | - Mona Dawood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany (R.Y.); (T.E.)
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4
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Yu SH, Kim SS, Kim S, Lee H, Kang TW. FGFR3 Mutations in Urothelial Carcinoma: A Single-Center Study Using Next-Generation Sequencing. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1305. [PMID: 38592174 PMCID: PMC10931944 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Mutations of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) are associated with urothelial carcinoma (UC) oncogenesis and are considered an important therapeutic target. Therefore, we evaluated the FGFR3 mutation rate and its clinical significance in urothelial carcinoma (UC) using next-generation sequencing. Methods: A total of 123 patients with UC who were treated at Chonnam National University Hospital (Gwang-ju, Korea) from January 2018 to December 2020 were enrolled. We performed NGS using the Oncomine panel with tumor specimens and blood samples corresponding to each specimen. We analyzed the FGFR3 mutation results according to the type of UC and the effects on early recurrence and progression. Results: The mean age of the patients was 71.39 ± 9.33 years, and 103 patients (83.7%) were male. Overall, the FGFR3 mutation rate was 30.1% (37 patients). The FGFR3 mutation rate was the highest in the non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) group (45.1%), followed by the muscle-invasive bladder cancer (22.7%) and upper tract UC (UTUC) (14.3%) groups. Patients with FGFR3 mutations had a significantly lower disease stage (p = 0.019) but a high-risk of NMIBC (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Our results revealed that FGFR3 mutations were more prevalent in patients with NMIBC and lower stage UC and associated with a high-risk of NMIBC. Large multicenter studies are needed to clarify the clinical significance of FGFR3 mutations in UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Hyeon Yu
- Department of Urology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sung sun Kim
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea;
| | - Shinseung Kim
- MediCloud Corporation, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (H.L.)
| | - Hyungki Lee
- MediCloud Corporation, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (H.L.)
| | - Taek Won Kang
- Department of Urology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea;
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5
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Piotrowska A, Nowak JI, Wierzbicka JM, Domżalski P, Górska-Arcisz M, Sądej R, Popiel D, Wieczorek M, Żmijewski MA. Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors Decrease Proliferation of Melanoma Cell Lines and Their Activity Is Modulated by Vitamin D. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2505. [PMID: 38473753 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Regardless of the unprecedented progress in malignant melanoma treatment strategies and clinical outcomes of patients during the last twelve years, this skin cancer remains the most lethal one. We have previously documented that vitamin D and its low-calcaemic analogues enhance the anticancer activity of drugs including a classic chemotherapeutic-dacarbazine-and an antiangiogenic VEGFRs inhibitor-cediranib. In this study, we explored the response of A375 and RPMI7951 melanoma lines to CPL304110 (CPL110), a novel selective inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs), and compared its efficacy with that of AZD4547, the first-generation FGFRs selective inhibitor. We also tested whether 1,25(OH)2D3, the active form of vitamin D, modulates the response of the cells to these drugs. CPL304110 efficiently decreased the viability of melanoma cells in both A375 and RPMI7951 cell lines, with the IC50 value below 1 µM. However, the metastatic RPMI7951 melanoma cells were less sensitive to the tested drug than A375 cells, isolated from primary tumour site. Both tested FGFR inhibitors triggered G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in A375 melanoma cells and increased apoptotic/necrotic SubG1 fraction in RPMI7951 melanoma cells. 1,25(OH)2D3 modulated the efficacy of CPL304110, by decreasing the IC50 value by more than 4-fold in A375 cell line, but not in RPMI7951 cells. Further analysis revealed that both inhibitors impact vitamin D signalling to some extent, and this effect is cell line-specific. On the other hand, 1,25(OH)2D3, have an impact on the expression of FGFR receptors and phosphorylation (FGFR-Tyr653/654). Interestingly, 1,25(OH)2D3 and CPL304110 co-treatment resulted in activation of the ERK1/2 pathway in A375 cells. Our results strongly suggested possible crosstalk between vitamin D-activated pathways and activity of FGFR inhibitors, which should be considered in further clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Piotrowska
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1a, 80-384 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Joanna I Nowak
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1a, 80-384 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Justyna M Wierzbicka
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1a, 80-384 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Paweł Domżalski
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1a, 80-384 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Monika Górska-Arcisz
- Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-384 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Rafał Sądej
- Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-384 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Delfina Popiel
- Preclinical Development Departament, Celon Pharma S.A., Marymoncka 15, 05-152 Kazuń Nowy, Poland
| | - Maciej Wieczorek
- Preclinical Development Departament, Celon Pharma S.A., Marymoncka 15, 05-152 Kazuń Nowy, Poland
- Clinical Development Department, Celon Pharma S.A., Marymoncka 15, 05-152 Kazuń Nowy, Poland
| | - Michał A Żmijewski
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1a, 80-384 Gdańsk, Poland
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6
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Martínez-Ortega JI, Ramirez Cibrian A. Retrospective Analysis of a Seborrheic Keratosis-Like Melanoma on the Head. Cureus 2024; 16:e52678. [PMID: 38380216 PMCID: PMC10878740 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
We present a clinical case of a 50-year-old female initially suspected of seborrheic keratosis but later diagnosed with melanoma through biopsy. This case highlights the challenges in distinguishing between these two conditions and emphasizes the importance of accurate diagnosis. Overdiagnosis of malignancy in seborrheic keratosis cases and the accurate identification of melanoma through dermoscopy are discussed. Further research is needed to explore potential mechanistic connections between seborrheic keratosis and melanoma.
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7
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He Y, Wang X. Identifying biomarkers associated with immunotherapy response in melanoma by multi-omics analysis. Comput Biol Med 2023; 167:107591. [PMID: 37875043 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Despite immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown the greatest success in melanoma treatment, only a subset of melanoma patients responds well to ICIs. Thus, identifying predictive biomarkers for immunotherapy response is crucial. In this study, we took complementary advantages of immunotherapy data and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) multi-omics data to explore the predictive biomarkers for the response to immunotherapy in melanoma. We first predicted responsive and non-responsive melanomas in the TCGA skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) cohort based on both somatic mutation and transcriptome datasets which involved immunotherapy data for melanoma. This method identified 170 responsive and 56 non-responsive melanomas in TCGA-SKCM. Based on the TCGA-SKCM data, we performed a comprehensive comparison of multi-omics molecular features between responsive and non-responsive melanomas. We identified the molecular features significantly associated with immunotherapy response in melanoma at the genome, transcriptome, epigenome, and proteome levels, respectively. Our analysis confirmed certain immunotherapy response-associated biomarkers, such as tumor mutation burden (TMB), copy number alteration (CNA), intratumor heterogeneity (ITH), PD-L1 expression, and tumor immunity. Moreover, we identified some novel molecular features associated with immunotherapy response: (1) the activation of mast cells and dendritic cells correlating negatively with immunotherapy response; (2) the enrichment of many oncogenic pathways correlating positively with immunotherapy response, such as JAK-STAT, RAS, MAPK, HIF-1, PI3K-Akt, and VEGF pathways; and (3) a number of microRNAs and proteins whose expression correlates with immunotherapy response. In addition, the mTOR signaling pathway has a negative association with immunotherapy response. The novel biomarkers have potential predictive values in immunotherapy response and warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin He
- Biomedical Informatics Research Lab, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Cancer Genomics Research Center, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Big Data Research Institute, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Xiaosheng Wang
- Biomedical Informatics Research Lab, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Cancer Genomics Research Center, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Big Data Research Institute, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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8
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Ferreira RC, Duarte SS, de Sousa VM, de Souza RRM, Marques KKG, de Abrantes RA, do Nascimento YM, de Sousa NF, Scotti MT, Scotti L, Tavares JF, Gonçalves JCR, da Silva MS, Sobral MV. The Essential Oil from Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist (Asteraceae) Exerts an In Vitro Antimelanoma Effect by Inducing Apoptosis and Modulating the MAPKs, NF-κB, and PKB/AKT Signaling Pathways. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1553. [PMID: 38004419 PMCID: PMC10674350 DOI: 10.3390/ph16111553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The characterization and cytotoxicity of the essential oil from Conyza bonariensis (L.) aerial parts (CBEO) were previously conducted. The major compound was (Z)-2-lachnophyllum ester (EZ), and CBEO exhibited significant ROS-dependent cytotoxicity in the melanoma cell line SK-MEL-28. Herein, we employed the Molegro Virtual Docker v.6.0.1 software to investigate the interactions between the EZ and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPKs), the Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-κB), and the Protein Kinase B (PKB/AKT). Additionally, in vitro assays were performed in SK-MEL-28 cells to assess the effect of CBEO on the cell cycle, apoptosis, and these signaling pathways by flow cytometry and the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay using MAPKs inhibitors. CBEO induced a significant increase in the sub-G1 peak, as well as biochemical and morphological changes characteristic of apoptosis. The in-silico results indicated that EZ interacts with Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 1 (ERK1), c-Jun N-terminal Kinase 1 (JNK1), p38α MAPK, NF-κB, and PKB/AKT. Moreover, CBEO modulated the ERK1/2, JNK, p38 MAPK, NF-κB, and PKB/AKT activities in SK-MEL-28 cells. Furthermore, CBEO's cytotoxicity against SK-MEL-28 cells was significantly altered in the presence of MAPKs inhibitors. These findings support the in vitro antimelanoma effect of CBEO through apoptosis induction, and the modulation of ERK, JNK, p38 MAPK, NF-κB, and PKB/AKT activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Marianna Vieira Sobral
- Postgraduate Program in Natural Products and Bioactive Synthetics, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-970, PB, Brazil (R.R.M.d.S.); (K.K.G.M.)
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9
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Gabryelska MM, Conn SJ. The RNA interactome in the Hallmarks of Cancer. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2023; 14:e1786. [PMID: 37042179 PMCID: PMC10909452 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules are indispensable for cellular homeostasis in healthy and malignant cells. However, the functions of RNA extend well beyond that of a protein-coding template. Rather, both coding and non-coding RNA molecules function through critical interactions with a plethora of cellular molecules, including other RNAs, DNA, and proteins. Deconvoluting this RNA interactome, including the interacting partners, the nature of the interaction, and dynamic changes of these interactions in malignancies has yielded fundamental advances in knowledge and are emerging as a novel therapeutic strategy in cancer. Here, we present an RNA-centric review of recent advances in the field of RNA-RNA, RNA-protein, and RNA-DNA interactomic network analysis and their impact across the Hallmarks of Cancer. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA-Protein Complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta M Gabryelska
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute (FHMRI), College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Simon J Conn
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute (FHMRI), College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
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10
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Xu PH, Chen S, Wang Y, Jin S, Wang J, Ye D, Zhu X, Shen Y. FGFR3 mutation characterization identifies prognostic and immune-related gene signatures in bladder cancer. Comput Biol Med 2023; 162:106976. [PMID: 37301098 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapy and FGFR3-targeted therapy play an important role in the management of locally advanced and metastatic bladder cancer (BLCA). Previous studies indicated that FGFR3 mutation (mFGFR3) may be involved in the alterations of immune infiltration, which may affect the priority or combination of these two treatment regimes. However, the specific impact of mFGFR3 on the immunity and how FGFR3 regulates the immune response in BLCA to affect prognosis remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the immune landscape associated with mFGFR3 status in BLCA, screen immune-related gene signatures with prognostic value, and construct and validate a prognostic model. METHODS ESTIMATE and TIMER were used to assess the immune infiltration within tumors in the TCGA BLCA cohort based on transcriptome data. Further, the mFGFR3 status and mRNA expression profiles were analyzed to identify immune-related genes that were differentially expressed between patients with BLCA with wild-type FGFR3 or mFGFR3 in the TCGA training cohort. An FGFR3-related immune prognostic score (FIPS) model was established in the TCGA training cohort. Furthermore, we validated the prognostic value of FIPS with microarray data in the GEO database and tissue microarray from our center. Multiple fluorescence immunohistochemical analysis was performed to confirm the relationship between FIPS and immune infiltration. RESULTS mFGFR3 resulted in differential immunity in BLCA. In total, 359 immune-related biological processes were enriched in the wild-type FGFR3 group, whereas none were enriched in the mFGFR3 group. FIPS could effectively distinguish high-risk patients with poor prognosis from low-risk patients. The high-risk group was characterized by a higher abundance of neutrophils; macrophages; and follicular helper, CD4, and CD8 T-cells than the low-risk group. In addition, the high-risk group exhibited higher expression of PD-L1, PD-1, CTLA-4, LAG-3, and TIM-3 than the low-risk group, indicating an immune-infiltrated but functionally suppressed immune microenvironment. Furthermore, patients in the high-risk group exhibited a lower mutation rate of FGFR3 than those in the low-risk group. CONCLUSIONS FIPS effectively predicted survival in BLCA. Patients with different FIPS exhibited diverse immune infiltration and mFGFR3 status. FIPS might be a promising tool for selecting targeted therapy and immunotherapy for patients with BLCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Hang Xu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanhao Wang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengming Jin
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Dingwei Ye
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yijun Shen
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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11
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Wu W, Chen L, Jia G, Tang Q, Han B, Xia S, Jiang Q, Liu H. Inhibition of FGFR3 upregulates MHC-I and PD-L1 via TLR3/NF-kB pathway in muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Cancer Med 2023; 12:15676-15690. [PMID: 37283287 PMCID: PMC10417096 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improving the potency of immune response is paramount among issues concerning immunotherapy of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). METHODS On the basis of immune subtypes, we investigated possible molecular mechanisms involved in tumor immune escape in MIBC. According to the 312 immune-related genes, three MIBC immune subtypes were clustered. RESULTS Cluster 2 subtype is characterized by FGFR3 mutations and has a better clinical prognosis. However, the expression levels of MHC-I and immune checkpoints genes were the lowest, indicating that this subtype is subject to immune escape and has a low response rate to immunotherapy. Bioinformatics analysis and immunofluorescence staining of clinical samples revealed that the FGFR3 is involved in the immune escape in MIBC. Besides, after FGFR3 knockout with siRNA in RT112 and UMUC14 cells, the TLR3/NF-kB pathway was significantly activated and was accompanied by upregulation of MHC-I and PD-L1 gene expression. Furthermore, the use of TLR3 agonists poly(I:C) can further improve the effect. CONCLUSION Together, our results suggest that FGFR3 might involve in immunosuppression by inhibition of NF-kB pathway in BC. Considering that TLR3 agonists are currently approved for clinical treatment as immunoadjuvants, our study might provide more insights for improving the efficacy of immunotherapy in MIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- WenBo Wu
- Department of UrologyShanghai General HospitalShanghaiChina
- Shanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of UrologyShanghai General HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - GaoZhen Jia
- Department of UrologyShanghai General HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - QiLin Tang
- Department of UrologyShanghai General HospitalShanghaiChina
- Shanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - BangMin Han
- Department of UrologyShanghai General HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - ShuJie Xia
- Department of UrologyShanghai General HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Qi Jiang
- Department of UrologyShanghai General HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - HaiTao Liu
- Department of UrologyShanghai General HospitalShanghaiChina
- Shanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
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12
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Castillo RL, Sidhu I, Dolgalev I, Chu T, Prystupa A, Subudhi I, Yan D, Konieczny P, Hsieh B, Haberman RH, Selvaraj S, Shiomi T, Medina R, Girija PV, Heguy A, Loomis CA, Chiriboga L, Ritchlin C, Garcia-Hernandez MDLL, Carucci J, Meehan SA, Neimann AL, Gudjonsson JE, Scher JU, Naik S. Spatial transcriptomics stratifies psoriatic disease severity by emergent cellular ecosystems. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eabq7991. [PMID: 37267384 PMCID: PMC10502701 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abq7991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Whereas the cellular and molecular features of human inflammatory skin diseases are well characterized, their tissue context and systemic impact remain poorly understood. We thus profiled human psoriasis (PsO) as a prototypic immune-mediated condition with a high predilection for extracutaneous involvement. Spatial transcriptomics (ST) analyses of 25 healthy, active lesion, and clinically uninvolved skin biopsies and integration with public single-cell transcriptomics data revealed marked differences in immune microniches between healthy and inflamed skin. Tissue-scale cartography further identified core disease features across all active lesions, including the emergence of an inflamed suprabasal epidermal state and the presence of B lymphocytes in lesional skin. Both lesional and distal nonlesional samples were stratified by skin disease severity and not by the presence of systemic disease. This segregation was driven by macrophage-, fibroblast-, and lymphatic-enriched spatial regions with gene signatures associated with metabolic dysfunction. Together, these findings suggest that mild and severe forms of PsO have distinct molecular features and that severe PsO may profoundly alter the cellular and metabolic composition of distal unaffected skin sites. In addition, our study provides a valuable resource for the research community to study spatial gene organization of healthy and inflamed human skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rochelle L. Castillo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
- NYU Psoriatic Arthritis Center, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
| | - Ikjot Sidhu
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
- Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
| | - Igor Dolgalev
- Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
- Translational Immunology Center, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
| | - Tinyi Chu
- Computational and Systems Biology program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, NY, NY 10065
| | - Aleksandr Prystupa
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
- Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
| | - Ipsita Subudhi
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
| | - Di Yan
- Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
| | | | - Brandon Hsieh
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
| | - Rebecca H. Haberman
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
- NYU Psoriatic Arthritis Center, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
| | | | - Tomoe Shiomi
- Center for Biospecimen Research and Development, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
| | - Rhina Medina
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
- NYU Psoriatic Arthritis Center, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
| | - Parvathy Vasudevanpillai Girija
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
- NYU Psoriatic Arthritis Center, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
| | - Adriana Heguy
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
- Genome Technology Center, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
| | | | - Luis Chiriboga
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
- Center for Biospecimen Research and Development, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
| | - Christopher Ritchlin
- Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology Division, Center of Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical School, Rochester NY 14642
| | - Maria De La Luz Garcia-Hernandez
- Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology Division, Center of Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical School, Rochester NY 14642
| | - John Carucci
- Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
| | - Shane A. Meehan
- Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
| | - Andrea L. Neimann
- Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
| | - Johann E. Gudjonsson
- Department of Dermatology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Jose U. Scher
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
- NYU Psoriatic Arthritis Center, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
| | - Shruti Naik
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
- Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, NY, NY 10016
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13
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Feng SW, Wu ZS, Chiu YL, Huang SM. Exploring the Functional Roles of Telomere Maintenance 2 in the Tumorigenesis of Glioblastoma Multiforme and Drug Responsiveness to Temozolomide. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119256. [PMID: 37298208 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a grade IV human glioma. It is the most malignant primary central nervous system tumor in adults, accounting for around 15% of intracranial neoplasms and 40-50% of all primary malignant brain tumors. However, the median survival time of GBM patients is still less than 15 months, even after treatment with surgical resection, concurrent chemoradiotherapy, and adjuvant chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ). Telomere maintenance 2 (TELO2) mRNA is highly expressed in high-grade glioma patients, and its expression correlates with shorter survival outcomes. Hence, it is urgent to address the functional role of TELO2 in the tumorigenesis and TMZ treatment of GBM. In this study, we knocked down TELO2 mRNA in GBM8401 cells, a grade IV GBM, compared with TELO2 mRNA overexpression in human embryonic glial SVG p12 cells and normal human astrocyte (NHA) cells. We first analyzed the effect of TELO2 on the Elsevier pathway and Hallmark gene sets in GBM8401, SVG p12, and NHA via an mRNA array analysis. Later, we further examined and analyzed the relationship between TELO2 and fibroblast growth factor receptor 3, cell cycle progression, epithelial-mesenchymal transient (EMT), reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, and telomerase activity. Our data showed that TELO2 is involved in several functions of GBM cells, including cell cycle progression, EMT, ROS, apoptosis, and telomerase activity. Finally, we examined the crosstalk between TELO2 and the responsiveness of TMZ or curcumin mediated through the TELO2-TTI1-TTI2 complex, the p53-dependent complex, the mitochondrial-related complex, and signaling pathways in GBM8401 cells. In summary, our work provides new insight that TELO2 might modulate target proteins mediated through the complex of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinases in its involvement in cell cycle progression, EMT, and drug response in GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Wei Feng
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Zih-Syuan Wu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lin Chiu
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ming Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
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14
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Martin-Serrano MA, Kepecs B, Torres-Martin M, Bramel ER, Haber PK, Merritt E, Rialdi A, Param NJ, Maeda M, Lindblad KE, Carter JK, Barcena-Varela M, Mazzaferro V, Schwartz M, Affo S, Schwabe RF, Villanueva A, Guccione E, Friedman SL, Lujambio A, Tocheva A, Llovet JM, Thung SN, Tsankov AM, Sia D. Novel microenvironment-based classification of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with therapeutic implications. Gut 2023; 72:736-748. [PMID: 35584893 PMCID: PMC10388405 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2021-326514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The diversity of the tumour microenvironment (TME) of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) has not been comprehensively assessed. We aimed to generate a novel molecular iCCA classifier that incorporates elements of the stroma, tumour and immune microenvironment ('STIM' classification). DESIGN We applied virtual deconvolution to transcriptomic data from ~900 iCCAs, enabling us to devise a novel classification by selecting for the most relevant TME components. Murine models were generated through hydrodynamic tail vein injection and compared with the human disease. RESULTS iCCA is composed of five robust STIM classes encompassing both inflamed (35%) and non-inflamed profiles (65%). The inflamed classes, named immune classical (~10%) and inflammatory stroma (~25%), differ in oncogenic pathways and extent of desmoplasia, with the inflammatory stroma showing T cell exhaustion, abundant stroma and KRAS mutations (p<0.001). Analysis of cell-cell interactions highlights cancer-associated fibroblast subtypes as potential mediators of immune evasion. Among the non-inflamed classes, the desert-like class (~20%) harbours the lowest immune infiltration with abundant regulatory T cells (p<0.001), whereas the hepatic stem-like class (~35%) is enriched in 'M2-like' macrophages, mutations in IDH1/2 and BAP1, and FGFR2 fusions. The remaining class (tumour classical: ~10%) is defined by cell cycle pathways and poor prognosis. Comparative analysis unveils high similarity between a KRAS/p19 murine model and the inflammatory stroma class (p=0.02). The KRAS-SOS inhibitor, BI3406, sensitises a KRAS-mutant iCCA murine model to anti-PD1 therapy. CONCLUSIONS We describe a comprehensive TME-based stratification of iCCA. Cross-species analysis establishes murine models that align closely to human iCCA for the preclinical testing of combination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Martin-Serrano
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Benjamin Kepecs
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Miguel Torres-Martin
- Translational Research in Hepatic Oncology, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Emily R Bramel
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Philipp K Haber
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Elliot Merritt
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- The Precision Immunology Institute (PrIISM), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alexander Rialdi
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nesteene Joy Param
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Miho Maeda
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Katherine E Lindblad
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- The Precision Immunology Institute (PrIISM), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - James K Carter
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Marina Barcena-Varela
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- The Precision Immunology Institute (PrIISM), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Vincenzo Mazzaferro
- General Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan and Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS Foundation, Milano, Lombardia, Italy
| | - Myron Schwartz
- Department of Surgery, Tisch Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Silvia Affo
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Robert F Schwabe
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Augusto Villanueva
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ernesto Guccione
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Scott L Friedman
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Amaia Lujambio
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- The Precision Immunology Institute (PrIISM), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Anna Tocheva
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- The Precision Immunology Institute (PrIISM), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Josep M Llovet
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Translational Research in Hepatic Oncology, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Swan N Thung
- Department of Pathology, Liver Cancer Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alexander M Tsankov
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Daniela Sia
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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15
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Malagoli Tagliazucchi G, Wiecek AJ, Withnell E, Secrier M. Genomic and microenvironmental heterogeneity shaping epithelial-to-mesenchymal trajectories in cancer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:789. [PMID: 36774358 PMCID: PMC9922305 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36439-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key cellular process underlying cancer progression, with multiple intermediate states whose molecular hallmarks remain poorly characterised. To fill this gap, we present a method to robustly evaluate EMT transformation in individual tumours based on transcriptomic signals. We apply this approach to explore EMT trajectories in 7180 tumours of epithelial origin and identify three macro-states with prognostic and therapeutic value, attributable to epithelial, hybrid E/M and mesenchymal phenotypes. We show that the hybrid state is relatively stable and linked with increased aneuploidy. We further employ spatial transcriptomics and single cell datasets to explore the spatial heterogeneity of EMT transformation and distinct interaction patterns with cytotoxic, NK cells and fibroblasts in the tumour microenvironment. Additionally, we provide a catalogue of genomic events underlying distinct evolutionary constraints on EMT transformation. This study sheds light on the aetiology of distinct stages along the EMT trajectory, and highlights broader genomic and environmental hallmarks shaping the mesenchymal transformation of primary tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna J Wiecek
- UCL Genetics Institute, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Eloise Withnell
- UCL Genetics Institute, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Maria Secrier
- UCL Genetics Institute, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
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16
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Suratannon N, Ittiwut C, Dik WA, Ittiwut R, Meesilpavikkai K, Israsena N, Ingrungruanglert P, Dalm VASH, van Daele PLA, Sanpavat A, Chaijitraruch N, Schrijver B, Buranapraditkun S, Porntaveetus T, Swagemakers SMA, IJspeert H, Palaga T, Suphapeetiporn K, van der Spek PJ, Hirankarn N, Chatchatee P, Martin van Hagen P, Shotelersuk V. A germline STAT6 gain-of-function variant is associated with early-onset allergies. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 151:565-571.e9. [PMID: 36216080 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) signaling pathway plays a central role in allergic inflammation. To date, however, there have been no descriptions of STAT6 gain-of-function variants leading to allergies in humans. OBJECTIVE We report a STAT6 gain-of-function variant associated with early-onset multiorgan allergies in a family with 3 affected members. METHODS Exome sequencing and immunophenotyping of T-helper cell subsets were conducted. The function of the STAT6 protein was analyzed by Western blot, immunofluorescence, electrophoretic mobility shift assays, and luciferase assays. Gastric organoids obtained from the index patient were used to study downstream effector cytokines. RESULTS We identified a heterozygous missense variant (c.1129G>A;p.Glu377Lys) in the DNA binding domain of STAT6 that was de novo in the index patient's father and was inherited by 2 of his 3 children. Severe atopic dermatitis and food allergy were key presentations. Clinical heterogeneity was observed among the affected individuals. Higher levels of peripheral blood TH2 lymphocytes were detected. The mutant STAT6 displayed a strong preference for nuclear localization, increased DNA binding affinity, and spontaneous transcriptional activity. Moreover, gastric organoids showed constitutive activation of STAT6 downstream signaling molecules. CONCLUSIONS A germline STAT6 gain-of-function variant results in spontaneous activation of the STAT6 signaling pathway and is associated with an early-onset and severe allergic phenotype in humans. These observations enhance our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying allergic diseases and will potentially contribute to novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narissara Suratannon
- Center of Excellence for Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Chupong Ittiwut
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Medical Genomics Cluster, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Willem A Dik
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Academic Center for Rare Immunological Diseases (Rare Immunological Disease Center), Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rungnapa Ittiwut
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Medical Genomics Cluster, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kornvalee Meesilpavikkai
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-mediated Diseases, Immunology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nipan Israsena
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Praewphan Ingrungruanglert
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Virgil A S H Dalm
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Academic Center for Rare Immunological Diseases (Rare Immunological Disease Center), Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paul L A van Daele
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Academic Center for Rare Immunological Diseases (Rare Immunological Disease Center), Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anapat Sanpavat
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Thai Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Immunology Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nataruks Chaijitraruch
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Excellence Center for Organ Transplantation, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Benjamin Schrijver
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Academic Center for Rare Immunological Diseases (Rare Immunological Disease Center), Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Supranee Buranapraditkun
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thantrira Porntaveetus
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sigrid M A Swagemakers
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Bioinformatics, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Academic Center for Rare Immunological Diseases (Rare Immunological Disease Center), Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Erasmus Center for Data Analytics, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hanna IJspeert
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Academic Center for Rare Immunological Diseases (Rare Immunological Disease Center), Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tanapat Palaga
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-mediated Diseases, Immunology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanya Suphapeetiporn
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Medical Genomics Cluster, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Peter J van der Spek
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Bioinformatics, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Academic Center for Rare Immunological Diseases (Rare Immunological Disease Center), Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Erasmus Center for Data Analytics, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nattiya Hirankarn
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-mediated Diseases, Immunology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Pantipa Chatchatee
- Center of Excellence for Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - P Martin van Hagen
- Center of Excellence for Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Academic Center for Rare Immunological Diseases (Rare Immunological Disease Center), Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Vorasuk Shotelersuk
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Medical Genomics Cluster, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
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17
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Zhou JG, Liang R, Wang HT, Jin SH, Hu W, Frey B, Fietkau R, Hecht M, Ma H, Gaipl US. Identification and characterization of circular RNAs as novel putative biomarkers to predict anti-PD-1 monotherapy response in metastatic melanoma patients - Knowledge from two independent international studies. Neoplasia 2023; 37:100877. [PMID: 36696838 PMCID: PMC9879779 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2023.100877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive skin malignancy with high morbidity. Anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) monotherapy has been applied in metastatic melanoma. However, still most of the patients do not respond to anti-PD-1 and the availability of the present approved biomarkers therefore is limited. Here we combined the transcriptomic and clinical data of 163 advanced melanoma patients receiving anti-PD-1 from NIH Melanoma Genome Sequencing Project (phs000452, 122 patients) as the training and internal validation cohort, and Melanoma Institute Australia cohort (PRJEB23709, 41 patients) as the external validation cohort, respectively. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are an evolutionarily conserved novel class of noncoding endogenous RNAs (ncRNAs) found in the eukaryotic transcriptome and were used based on RNAseq data for our analyses. 74,243 circular RNAs (circRNAs) were identified with NCLscan and CIRCexplorer2. Thereof, 70 circRNAs significantly associated with progression-free survival and overall survival. Further, a prognostic circRNAs signature consisting of HSA_CIRCpedia_1497, HSA_CIRCpedia_12559, HSA_CIRCpedia_43640, HSA_CIRCpedia_43070, and HSA_CIRCpedia_21660 could be determined with LASSO regression. This signature was a prognostic factor of overall survival and progression-free survival among the analyzed advanced melanoma patients. The concordance indexes (C-index of OStraining: 0.61, C-index of PFStraining: 0.68) also confirmed its credibility and accuracy. First enrichment analysis indicated that immune response and pathways related to tumor immune microenvironment were enriched. In conclusion, we succeeded to construct and validate novel prognostic circRNAs signature for advanced melanoma patients treated with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Guo Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The second affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China,Translational Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany,Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany,Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rui Liang
- Biomedical Engineering College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hai-Tao Wang
- Thoracic Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Su-Han Jin
- Department of Orthodontic, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Oncology, The second affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Benjamin Frey
- Translational Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany,Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany,Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rainer Fietkau
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany,Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Hecht
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Hu Ma
- Department of Oncology, The second affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
| | - Udo S. Gaipl
- Translational Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany,Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany,Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany,Corresponding author at: Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstraße 27, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
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18
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Li H, Xue YW, Quan Y, Zhang HY. Reducing Virus Infection Risk in Space Environments through Nutrient Supplementation. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:1536. [PMID: 36140704 PMCID: PMC9498414 DOI: 10.3390/genes13091536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Space exploration has brought many challenges to human physiology. In order to evaluate and reduce possible pathological reactions triggered by space environments, we conducted bioinformatics analyses on the methylation data of the Mars 520 mission and human transcriptome data in the experiment simulating gravity changes. The results suggest that gene expression levels and DNA methylation levels were changed under the conditions of isolation and gravity changes, and multiple viral infection-related pathways were found in the enrichment analysis results of changed genes including Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infection, Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KHSV) infection. In this study, we found that Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and vitamin D are helpful in reducing viral infection risk. In addition, the causal associations between nutrients and viral infections were calculated using Two sample Mendelian Randomization (2SMR) method, the results indicated that vitamin D can reduce EBV infection and HBV infection risk. In summary, our study suggests that space environments increase the risk of human viral infection, which may be reduced by supplementing EGCG and vitamin D. These results can be used to formulate medical plans for astronauts, which have practical application value for future space exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yuan Quan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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19
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The Role of the Key Differentially Mutated Gene FGFR3 in the Immune Microenvironment of Bladder Cancer. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:7952706. [PMID: 35991125 PMCID: PMC9391163 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7952706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) has been a major focus of research in recent years as a crucial factor in the development and progression of bladder cancer. Unfortunately, the precise composition of TME, particularly the immunological and stromal components, remains unknown. In this work, we downloaded the RNA-seq expression profiles and somatic mutation data of 433 bladder cancer cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and then employed a comprehensive bioinformatics approach to evaluate them. Firstly, the expression profiles were used to predict the scores and then the content of immune and stromal cells via the estimate package in R software. We then identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially mutated genes (DMGs) according to the high-stromal score cohort and low-stromal score cohort. Finally, fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) was the main differentially mutated gene in bladder carcinoma that we discovered after conducting a cross-study on DEGs and DMGs. Follow-up investigation revealed that FGFR3, whose expression correlated inversely with cancer progression stage, appeared to be a protective factor in bladder cancer. The method of Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was employed to, respectively, interpret the expression data of FGFR3 in high and low expression lists. We observed that the genes in the low FGFR3 expression list were strongly enriched in the biological processes associated with transplantation and cell adhesion, suggesting the possible role of FGFR3 in predicting TME metastasis status in bladder cancer. Therefore, this study is aimed at investigating whether FGFR3 is promising as a biomarker of TME remodeling to explain underlying mechanisms involved in tumorigenesis and metastasis, which may help to make decisions on treatments for bladder cancer.
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20
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Ornitz DM, Itoh N. New developments in the biology of fibroblast growth factors. WIREs Mech Dis 2022; 14:e1549. [PMID: 35142107 PMCID: PMC10115509 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family is composed of 18 secreted signaling proteins consisting of canonical FGFs and endocrine FGFs that activate four receptor tyrosine kinases (FGFRs 1-4) and four intracellular proteins (intracellular FGFs or iFGFs) that primarily function to regulate the activity of voltage-gated sodium channels and other molecules. The canonical FGFs, endocrine FGFs, and iFGFs have been reviewed extensively by us and others. In this review, we briefly summarize past reviews and then focus on new developments in the FGF field since our last review in 2015. Some of the highlights in the past 6 years include the use of optogenetic tools, viral vectors, and inducible transgenes to experimentally modulate FGF signaling, the clinical use of small molecule FGFR inhibitors, an expanded understanding of endocrine FGF signaling, functions for FGF signaling in stem cell pluripotency and differentiation, roles for FGF signaling in tissue homeostasis and regeneration, a continuing elaboration of mechanisms of FGF signaling in development, and an expanding appreciation of roles for FGF signaling in neuropsychiatric diseases. This article is categorized under: Cardiovascular Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology Neurological Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology Congenital Diseases > Stem Cells and Development Cancer > Stem Cells and Development.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Ornitz
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Nobuyuki Itoh
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan
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21
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FGFR3 Nuclear Translocation Contributes to Proliferative Potential and Poor Prognosis in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Pancreas 2022; 51:476-482. [PMID: 35858182 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000002056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) was revealed to have divergent, even opposite roles in different neoplasms. In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), its impact on biological behavior and prognosis was not well elucidated. METHODS Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 was downregulated by RNA interference to explore its impact on cell proliferative proclivity in PDAC cells. Furthermore, tissue microarray-based immunohistochemistry for FGFR3 was performed in 326 patients with PDAC who underwent radical resection, and its clinicopathologic and prognostic implications were then evaluated. RESULTS First, successful FGFR3 knockdown remarkably decreased its expression, cell proliferation, and S-phase ratio in the cell cycle in 2 PDAC cell lines, BxPC-3 and AsPC-1. Meanwhile, alterations in p-Akt, cyclin D1, cyclin B1, and p21 were also observed. Subsequently, high nuclear FGFR3 expression, but not cytoplasmic, was significantly common in tumor tissues and positively associated with N stage and dismal overall survival in the entire cohort. In addition, nuclear FGFR3 expression was also prognostic in 10 of 14 subsets. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses identified nuclear expression of FGFR3 as an independent prognosticator in the entire cohort. CONCLUSIONS Our data showed that FGFR3 nuclear translocation contributes to cell proliferative potential and predicts poor long-term prognosis in PDAC after surgical resection.
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22
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Ryu S, Nam Y, Kim N, Shin I, Jeon E, Kim Y, Kim ND, Sim T. Identification of Pyridinyltriazine Derivatives as Potent panFGFR Inhibitors against Gatekeeper Mutants for Overcoming Drug Resistance. J Med Chem 2022; 65:6017-6038. [PMID: 35436119 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although FGFR inhibitors hold promise in treating various cancers, resistance to the FGFR inhibitors caused by acquired secondary mutations has emerged. To discover novel FGFR inhibitors capable of inhibiting FGFR mutations, including gatekeeper mutations, we designed and synthesized several new pyridinyltriazine derivatives. A structure-activity relationship (SAR) study led to the identification of 17a as a highly potent panFGFR inhibitor against wild-type and mutant FGFRs. Notably, 17a is superior to infigratinib in terms of kinase-inhibitory and cellular activities, especially against V555M-FGFR3. Molecular dynamics simulations provide a clear understanding of why pyridinyltraizine derivative 17a possesses activity against V555M-FGFR3. Moreover, 17a significantly suppresses proliferation of cancer cells harboring FGFR mutations via FGFR signaling blockade, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. Furthermore, 17a and 17b exhibited remarkable efficacies in TEL-V555M-FGFR3 Ba/F3 xenograft mouse model and 17a is more efficacious than infigratinib. This study provides new insight into the design of novel FGFR inhibitors that are active against FGFR mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- SeongShick Ryu
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.,Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarangro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunju Nam
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.,Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarangro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Namkyoung Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.,Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarangro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Injae Shin
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.,Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarangro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhye Jeon
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghoon Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.,Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarangro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Doo Kim
- Voronoibio Inc., 32 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21984, Republic of Korea
| | - Taebo Sim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.,Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarangro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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23
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The Induced Expression of BPV E4 Gene in Equine Adult Dermal Fibroblast Cells as a Potential Model of Skin Sarcoid-like Neoplasia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23041970. [PMID: 35216085 PMCID: PMC8877312 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23041970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The equine sarcoid is one of the most common neoplasias in the Equidae family. Despite the association of this tumor with the presence of bovine papillomavirus (BPV), the molecular mechanism of this lesion has not been fully understood. The transgenization of equine adult cutaneous fibroblast cells (ACFCs) was accomplished by nucleofection, followed by detection of molecular modifications using high-throughput NGS transcriptome sequencing. The results of the present study confirm that BPV-E4- and BPV-E1^E4-mediated nucleofection strategy significantly affected the transcriptomic alterations, leading to sarcoid-like neoplastic transformation of equine ACFCs. Furthermore, the results of the current investigation might contribute to the creation of in vitro biomedical models suitable for estimating the fates of molecular dedifferentiability and the epigenomic reprogrammability of BPV-E4 and BPV-E4^E1 transgenic equine ACFC-derived sarcoid-like cell nuclei in equine somatic cell-cloned embryos. Additionally, these in vitro models seem to be reliable for thoroughly recognizing molecular mechanisms that underlie not only oncogenic alterations in transcriptomic signatures, but also the etiopathogenesis of epidermal and dermal sarcoid-dependent neoplastic transformations in horses and other equids. For those reasons, the aforementioned transgenic models might be useful for devising clinical treatments in horses afflicted with sarcoid-related neoplasia of cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues.
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24
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Hoshino A, Nakayama C, Jiang SX, Sakurai Y, Kato T, Numata Y, Umezawa A, Ichinoe M, Murakumo Y. Upregulation of REV7 correlates with progression of malignant melanoma. Pathol Int 2022; 72:14-24. [PMID: 34637584 DOI: 10.1111/pin.13174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
REV7 is a multifunctional protein implicated in DNA damage tolerance, cell cycle control, and gene expression, and is involved in the carcinogenesis of various human tumors. It has been reported that REV7 expression is associated with ultraviolet-induced mutagenesis; however, the role of REV7 expression in skin cancers, including malignant melanomas, remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the clinical and biological significance of REV7 in malignant melanoma. Levels of REV7 expression in human skin cancers were evaluated immunohistochemically. Positive expression of REV7 was frequently observed in malignant melanomas, as well as in squamous cell carcinomas and basal cell carcinomas. Enhanced immunoreactivity to REV7 was closely linked with cell proliferation assessed by Ki-67 labeling indexes in the three skin cancers, and was related with tumor thickness in malignant melanomas. REV7 depletion in malignant melanoma cells MEWO and G361 suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities. REV7 depletion also affected the expression of intracellular signaling molecules AKT and ERK in MEWO cells, resulting in downregulation of ERK signal activation. In addition, REV7 depletion facilitated sensitivity to cisplatin, but not to dacarbazine, in MEWO cells. Our results suggest that REV7 expression correlates with disease progression of malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiyoshi Hoshino
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Chika Nakayama
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shi-Xu Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Sakurai
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takuya Kato
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Numata
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Atsuko Umezawa
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masaaki Ichinoe
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Murakumo
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
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25
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Liang T, Chen J, Xu G, Zhang Z, Xue J, Zeng H, Jiang J, Chen T, Qin Z, Li H, Ye Z, Nie Y, Liu C, Zhan X. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition interaction with CD8+ T cell, dendritic cell and immune checkpoints in the development of melanoma. Cancer Biomark 2021; 34:131-147. [PMID: 34957999 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-210329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma is fatal cancer originating from melanocytes, whose high metastatic potential leads to an extremely poor prognosis. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to reveal the relationship among EMT, TIICs, and immune checkpoints in melanoma. METHODS Gene expression data and clinical data of melanoma were downloaded from TCGA, UCSC Xena and GEO databases. EMT-related DEGs were detected for risk score calculation. "ESTIMATE" and "xCell" were used for estimating TIICs and obtaining 64 immune cell subtypes, respectively. Moreover, we evaluated the relationship between the risk score and immune cell subtypes and immune checkpoints. RESULTS Seven EMT-related genes were selected to establish a risk scoring system because of their integrated prognostic relevance. The results of GSEA revealed that most of the gene sets focused on immune-related pathways in the low-risk score group. The risk score was significantly correlated with the xCell score of some TIICs, which significantly affected the prognosis of melanoma. Patients with a low-risk score may be associated with a better response to ICI therapy. CONCLUSION The individualized risk score could effectively conduct risk stratification, overall survival prediction, ICI therapy prediction, and TME judgment for patients with melanoma, which would be conducive to patients' precise treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Liang
- Department of Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiarui Chen
- Department of Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Guoyong Xu
- Department of Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zide Zhang
- Department of Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiang Xue
- Department of Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Haopeng Zeng
- Department of Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Department of Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Tianyou Chen
- Department of Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhaojie Qin
- Department of Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhen Ye
- Department of Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yunfeng Nie
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Chong Liu
- Department of Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xinli Zhan
- Department of Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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26
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Bahreini F, Jabbari P, Gossing W, Aziziyan F, Frohme M, Rezaei N. The role of noncoding RNAs in pituitary adenoma. Epigenomics 2021; 13:1421-1437. [PMID: 34558980 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2021-0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pituitary adenomas (PAs) are common cranial tumors that affect the quality of life in patients. Early detection of PA is beneficial for avoiding clinical complications of this disease and increasing the quality of life. Noncoding RNAs, including long noncoding RNA, miRNA and circRNA, regulate protein expression, mostly by inhibiting the translation process. Studies have shown that dysregulation of noncoding RNAs is associated with PA. Hence understanding the expression pattern of noncoding RNAs can be considered a promising method for developing biomarkers. This article reviews data on the expression pattern of dysregulated noncoding RNAs involved in PA. Possible molecular mechanisms by which the dysregulated noncoding RNA could possibly induce PA are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farbod Bahreini
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Parnian Jabbari
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Genetics, Genomics & Bioinformatics, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Wilhelm Gossing
- Division Molecular Biotechnology & Functional Genomics, Technical University of Applied Sciences Wildau, Hochschulring 1, 15745, Wildau, Germany
| | - Fatemeh Aziziyan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marcus Frohme
- Division Molecular Biotechnology & Functional Genomics, Technical University of Applied Sciences Wildau, Hochschulring 1, 15745, Wildau, Germany
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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27
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Insights of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 aberrations in pan-cancer and their roles in potential clinical treatment. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:16541-16566. [PMID: 34160364 PMCID: PMC8266346 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) alters frequently across various cancer types and is a common therapeutic target in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) with FGFR3 variants. Although emerging evidence supports the role of FGFR3 in individual cancer types, no pan-cancer analysis is available. In this work, we used the open comprehensive datasets, covering a total of 10,953 patients with 10,967 samples across 32 TCGA cancer types, to identify the full alteration spectrum of FGFR3. FGFR3 abnormal expression, methylation patterns, alteration frequency, mutation location distribution, functional impact, and prognostic implications differed greatly from cancer to cancer. The overall alteration frequency of FGFR3 was relatively low in all cancers. Targetable mutations were mainly detected in BLCA, and S249C, Y373C, G370C, and R248C were hotspot mutations that could be targeted by an FDA approved erdafitinib. Genetic fusions were mainly observed in glioma, followed by BLCA. FGFR3-TACC3 was the most common fusion type which was proposed as novel therapeutic targets in glioma and was targetable with erdafitinib in BLCA. Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) were two lung cancer subtypes, FGFR3 fusion and hotspot mutation like S249C were observed more commonly in LUSC but not in LUAD. DNA methylation was correlated with the expression of FGFR3 and its downstream genes in some tumors. FGFG3 abnormal expression and alterations exhibited clinical correlations with patient prognosis in several tumors. This work exhibited the full alteration spectrum of FGFR3 and indicated several new clues for their application as potential therapeutic targets and prognostic indicators.
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Sabbah M, Najem A, Krayem M, Awada A, Journe F, Ghanem GE. RTK Inhibitors in Melanoma: From Bench to Bedside. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1685. [PMID: 33918490 PMCID: PMC8038208 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MAPK (mitogen activated protein kinase) and PI3K/AKT (Phosphatidylinositol-3-Kinase and Protein Kinase B) pathways play a key role in melanoma progression and metastasis that are regulated by receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Although RTKs are mutated in a small percentage of melanomas, several receptors were found up regulated/altered in various stages of melanoma initiation, progression, or metastasis. Targeting RTKs remains a significant challenge in melanoma, due to their variable expression across different melanoma stages of progression and among melanoma subtypes that consequently affect response to treatment and disease progression. In this review, we discuss in details the activation mechanism of several key RTKs: type III: c-KIT (mast/stem cell growth factor receptor); type I: EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor); type VIII: HGFR (hepatocyte growth factor receptor); type V: VEGFR (Vascular endothelial growth factor), structure variants, the function of their structural domains, and their alteration and its association with melanoma initiation and progression. Furthermore, several RTK inhibitors targeting the same receptor were tested alone or in combination with other therapies, yielding variable responses among different melanoma groups. Here, we classified RTK inhibitors by families and summarized all tested drugs in melanoma indicating the rationale behind the use of these drugs in each melanoma subgroups from preclinical studies to clinical trials with a specific focus on their purpose of treatment, resulted effect, and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malak Sabbah
- Laboratory of Oncology and Experimental Surgery, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1000 Brussels, Belgium; (M.S.); (A.N.); (M.K.); (F.J.)
| | - Ahmad Najem
- Laboratory of Oncology and Experimental Surgery, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1000 Brussels, Belgium; (M.S.); (A.N.); (M.K.); (F.J.)
| | - Mohammad Krayem
- Laboratory of Oncology and Experimental Surgery, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1000 Brussels, Belgium; (M.S.); (A.N.); (M.K.); (F.J.)
| | - Ahmad Awada
- Medical Oncolgy Clinic, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1000 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Fabrice Journe
- Laboratory of Oncology and Experimental Surgery, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1000 Brussels, Belgium; (M.S.); (A.N.); (M.K.); (F.J.)
| | - Ghanem E. Ghanem
- Laboratory of Oncology and Experimental Surgery, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1000 Brussels, Belgium; (M.S.); (A.N.); (M.K.); (F.J.)
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29
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Metabolic Effects of Recurrent Genetic Aberrations in Multiple Myeloma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030396. [PMID: 33494394 PMCID: PMC7865460 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogene activation and malignant transformation exerts energetic, biosynthetic and redox demands on cancer cells due to increased proliferation, cell growth and tumor microenvironment adaptation. As such, altered metabolism is a hallmark of cancer, which is characterized by the reprogramming of multiple metabolic pathways. Multiple myeloma (MM) is a genetically heterogeneous disease that arises from terminally differentiated B cells. MM is characterized by reciprocal chromosomal translocations that often involve the immunoglobulin loci and a restricted set of partner loci, and complex chromosomal rearrangements that are associated with disease progression. Recurrent chromosomal aberrations in MM result in the aberrant expression of MYC, cyclin D1, FGFR3/MMSET and MAF/MAFB. In recent years, the intricate mechanisms that drive cancer cell metabolism and the many metabolic functions of the aforementioned MM-associated oncogenes have been investigated. Here, we discuss the metabolic consequences of recurrent chromosomal translocations in MM and provide a framework for the identification of metabolic changes that characterize MM cells.
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30
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Smart JA, Oleksak JE, Hartsough EJ. Cell Adhesion Molecules in Plasticity and Metastasis. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 19:25-37. [PMID: 33004622 PMCID: PMC7785660 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Prior to metastasis, modern therapeutics and surgical intervention can provide a favorable long-term survival for patients diagnosed with many types of cancers. However, prognosis is poor for patients with metastasized disease. Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer, yet in situ and localized, thin melanomas can be biopsied with little to no postsurgical follow-up. However, patients with metastatic melanoma require significant clinical involvement and have a 5-year survival of only 34% to 52%, largely dependent on the site of colonization. Melanoma metastasis is a multi-step process requiring dynamic changes in cell surface proteins regulating adhesiveness to the extracellular matrix (ECM), stroma, and other cancer cells in varied tumor microenvironments. Here we will highlight recent literature to underscore how cell adhesion molecules (CAM) contribute to melanoma disease progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Smart
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Julia E Oleksak
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Professional Studies, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Edward J Hartsough
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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31
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Xie J, Chen MH, Ying CP, Chen MY. Neferine induces p38 MAPK/JNK1/2 activation to modulate melanoma proliferation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1643. [PMID: 33490155 PMCID: PMC7812205 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-7201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Melanoma is a malignant skin cancer that has a poor prognosis in advanced patients. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antitumor role of neferine in melanoma. Methods A375 and C32 cells were selected as research vectors in vitro. Cell counting Kit-8, 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine staining, transwell, and flow cytometry assay were used to examined cell malignant phenotypes. Mitochondrial dysfunction was detected by 5,50,6,60-tetrachloro-1,10,3,30-tetraethyl-imidacarbocyanine iodide staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was measured using oxidation sensitive fluorescent probe. The phosphorylation activity of p38 and Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) 1/2 were examined by Western blot. A xenograft model was established via the subcutaneous injection of A375 cells into the right flank of BALB/c mice in vivo. Results Neferine (2.5, 5, or 10 µM) treatment inhibited proliferation, invasion, and enhanced apoptotic rate of A375 and C32 cells. Neferine treatment induced abnormal changes in mitochondrial membrane potential. Further studies showed that neferine could significantly increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) content, decreased the superoxide dismutase (SOD) level. Neferine (5, 10, or 20 mg/kg) obviously suppressed the weight and size of the xenograft tumor, the number of apoptotic cells in vivo, and the expression of Ki67+ and survivin+ decreased. Notably, neferine also activated the phosphorylation of p38 and JNK1/2. Conclusions Neferine inhibits the proliferative and invasion ability of melanoma cells and promotes their apoptosis, ameliorating the malignant progression of melanoma, likely achieved by upregulating the phosphorylation levels of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and JNK1/2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xie
- Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming-Hui Chen
- Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuan-Peng Ying
- Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming-Yi Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
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32
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Dai H, Guo L, Lin M, Cheng Z, Li J, Tang J, Huan X, Huang Y, Xu K. Comprehensive analysis and identification of key genes and signaling pathways in the occurrence and metastasis of cutaneous melanoma. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10265. [PMID: 33240619 PMCID: PMC7680623 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Melanoma is a malignant tumor of melanocytes, and the incidence has increased faster than any other cancer over the past half century. Most primary melanoma can be cured by local excision, but metastatic melanoma has a poor prognosis. Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is prone to metastasis, so the research on the mechanism of melanoma occurrence and metastasis will be beneficial to diagnose early, improve treatment, and prolong life survival. In this study, we compared the gene expression of normal skin (N), primary cutaneous melanoma (PM) and metastatic cutaneous melanoma (MM) in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Then we identified the key genes and molecular pathways that may be involved in the development and metastasis of cutaneous melanoma, thus to discover potential markers or therapeutic targets. Methods Three gene expression profiles (GSE7553, GSE15605 and GSE46517) were downloaded from the GEO database, which contained 225 tissue samples. R software identified the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between pairs of N, PM and MM samples in the three sets of data. Subsequently, we analyzed the gene ontology (GO) function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway of the DEGs, and constructed a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. MCODE was used to seek the most important modules in PPI network, and then the GO function and KEGG pathway of them were analyzed. Finally, the hub genes were calculated by the cytoHubba in Cytoscape software. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data were analyzed using UALCAN and GEPIA to validate the hub genes and analyze the prognosis of patients. Results A total of 134, 317 and 147 DEGs were identified between N, PM and MM in pair. GO functions and KEGG pathways analysis results showed that the upregulated DEGs mainly concentrated in cell division, spindle microtubule, protein kinase activity and the pathway of transcriptional misregulation in cancer. The downregulated DEGs occurred in epidermis development, extracellular exosome, structural molecule activity, metabolic pathways and p53 signaling pathway. The PPI network obtained the most important module, whose GO function and KEGG pathway were enriched in oxidoreductase activity, cell division, cell exosomes, protein binding, structural molecule activity, and metabolic pathways. 14, 18 and 18 DEGs were identified respectively as the hub genes between N, PM and MM, and TCGA data confirmed the expression differences of hub genes. In addition, the overall survival curve of hub genes showed that the differences in these genes may lead to a significant decrease in overall survival of melanoma patients. Conclusions In this study, several hub genes were found from normal skin, primary melanoma and metastatic melanoma samples. These hub genes may play an important role in the production, invasion, recurrence or death of CM, and may provide new ideas and potential targets for its diagnosis or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanying Dai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, ChangSha, HuNan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, ChangSha, HuNan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihuang Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, ChangSha, HuNan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, ChangSha, HuNan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyue Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, ChangSha, HuNan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, ChangSha, HuNan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenbo Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, ChangSha, HuNan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, ChangSha, HuNan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiancheng Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, ChangSha, HuNan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, ChangSha, HuNan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinxia Tang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, ChangSha, HuNan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, ChangSha, HuNan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xisha Huan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, ChangSha, HuNan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, ChangSha, HuNan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, ChangSha, HuNan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, ChangSha, HuNan, People's Republic of China
| | - Keqian Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, ChangSha, HuNan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, ChangSha, HuNan, People's Republic of China
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33
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Kacew A, Sweis RF. FGFR3 Alterations in the Era of Immunotherapy for Urothelial Bladder Cancer. Front Immunol 2020; 11:575258. [PMID: 33224141 PMCID: PMC7674585 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.575258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
FGFR3 is a prognostic and predictive marker and is a validated therapeutic target in urothelial bladder cancer. Its utility as a marker and target in the context of immunotherapy is incompletely understood. We review the role of FGFR3 in bladder cancer and discuss preclinical and clinical clues of its effectiveness as a patient selection factor and therapeutic target in the era of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alec Kacew
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Randy F Sweis
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.,Committee on Immunology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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34
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Zhou X, Xu Y, Yin D, Zhao F, Hao Z, Zhong Y, Zhang J, Zhang B, Yin X. Type 2 diabetes mellitus facilitates endometrial hyperplasia progression by activating the proliferative function of mucin O-glycosylating enzyme GALNT2. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110764. [PMID: 33152927 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is thought to be a risk factor for endometrial hyperplasia, but potential links between the two diseases are unknown. This study aims to evaluate the role of T2DM in the progression of endometrial hyperplasia. METHODS Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal (N) group, endometrial hyperplasia (NH) group, T2DM (T) group, and endometrial hyperplasia with T2DM (TH) group. Proteomics analysis was performed to determine the protein profile of endometrial tissues. Proliferation, migration, and invasion of cells with/without GLANT2-knockdown were assessed. Immunohistochemical staining and ELISA were used to examine the expression of GALNT2 in endometrial tissues and serum of clinical samples. RESULTS The highest uterus index and endometrial thickness were observed in TH group, with the expression of proliferation marker PCNA increased significantly, indicating that T2DM facilitates the progress of endometrial hyperplasia. Proteomics analysis showed that there were significant differences in protein profiles among groups and differential proteins were mainly enriched in metabolic pathways. Further verification by molecular biology analysis indicated that GALNT2 is the key target for T2DM facilitating endometrial hyperplasia. The expression of GALNT2 was significantly decreased in high glucose environment. T2DM could synergize the proliferative function of GALNT2 aberration by activating EGFR/AKT/ERK pathway. The decreased expressions of GALNT2 in clinical samples were associated with worse subtypes of endometrial hyperplasia. CONCLUSION T2DM promoted the progression of endometrial hyperplasia by regulating the GALNT2-mediated phosphorylation of EGFR and enhancing cell proliferation. GALNT2 has the potential to be a novel biomarker in the treatment of endometrial hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yinxue Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Di Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhixiang Hao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ya'nan Zhong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jingbo Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
| | - Xiaoxing Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
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35
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Sarkisian S, McIntosh A, Nair S, Shoushtari AN, Callahan M. Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3 Amplified Metastatic Melanoma Treated With Erdafitinib. Cureus 2020; 12:e11231. [PMID: 33269159 PMCID: PMC7704269 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.11231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of metastatic melanoma has changed dramatically in the last decade with the introduction of immunotherapy and targeted therapy. A futile disease in the past is now treated with various options, resulting in improvement in progression-free and overall survivals, along with improvement in the quality of life. Having said that, the majority of patients with metastatic melanoma eventually succumb to the disease. Molecular profiling of each tumor in the advanced stage is standard of care now, as this would lead to individualized treatment options for each patient. Here, we present a rare case of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR 3) amplified metastatic melanoma, treated rather unconventionally with FGFR 3 inhibitor erdafitinib.
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36
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Chen J, Huang X, Li N, Liu B, Ma Z, Ling J, Yang W, Li T. Narasin inhibits tumor metastasis and growth of ERα‑positive breast cancer cells by inactivation of the TGF‑β/SMAD3 and IL‑6/STAT3 signaling pathways. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:5113-5124. [PMID: 33174044 PMCID: PMC7646975 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of human estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer (ER+ BC) using conventional chemotherapy remains a challenge and is often ineffective as a result of tumor metastasis. The present study aimed to investigate the ability of narasin, an ionophore antibiotic, to potentially inhibit tumor metastasis and growth in human ER+ BC. Narasin was found to have significant inhibitory abilities on cell proliferation, migration and invasion in ER+ BC cell lines MCF-7 and T47D compared with the triple-negative BC cell MDA-MB-231. For the in vivo studies, narasin effectively decreased the number of tumor metastasis nodules, tumor volume and weight without apparent toxicity in human MCF-7 nude mouse left ventricle injection tumor metastasis and xenograft models. Mechanistically, it demonstrated that exposure to TGF-β or IL-6 induced the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in ER+ BC cell lines. On the contrary, narasin dose-dependently reversed EMT by increasing the expression of E-cadherin and decreasing the expression of N-cadherin, vimentin, β-catenin and zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 at the protein and gene expression levels. Gene microarray, molecular docking and western blotting were performed to demonstrate that those protein and gene expression levels are regulated by the inactivation of the TGF-β/phosphorylated (p)-SMAD3 and IL-6/p-STAT3 signaling pathways. Taken together, these findings indicated that narasin may be a promising candidate that can be further optimized for the treatment of human ER+ BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Ministry of Education, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Xieping Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Ministry of Education, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Na Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Ministry of Education, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Boxia Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Ministry of Education, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Zhanbing Ma
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Ministry of Education, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Jun Ling
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Ministry of Education, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Wenjun Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Ministry of Education, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of The Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
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37
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Tam SY, Wu VWC, Law HKW. Hypoxia-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Cancers: HIF-1α and Beyond. Front Oncol 2020; 10:486. [PMID: 32322559 PMCID: PMC7156534 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the main cause of cancer-related mortality. Although the actual process of metastasis remains largely elusive, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been considered as a major event in metastasis. Besides, hypoxia is common in solid cancers and has been considered as an important factor for adverse treatment outcomes including metastasis. Since EMT and hypoxia potentially share several signaling pathways, many recent studies focused on investigate the issue of hypoxia-induced EMT. Among all potential mediators of hypoxia-induced EMT, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) has been studied extensively. Moreover, there are other potential mediators that may also contribute to the process. This review aims to summarize the recent reports on hypoxia-induced EMT by HIF-1α or other potential mediators and provide insights for further investigations on this issue. Ultimately, better understanding of hypoxia-induced EMT may allow us to develop anti-metastatic strategies and improve treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shing Yau Tam
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Vincent W C Wu
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Helen K W Law
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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