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Prins FM, Collij V, Groot HE, Björk JR, Swarte JC, Andreu-Sánchez S, Jansen BH, Fu J, Harmsen HJM, Zhernakova A, Lipsic E, van der Harst P, Weersma RK, Gacesa R. The gut microbiome across the cardiovascular risk spectrum. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2024; 31:935-944. [PMID: 38060843 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Despite treatment advancements, cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of death worldwide. Identifying new targets is crucial for enhancing preventive and therapeutic strategies. The gut microbiome has been associated with coronary artery disease (CAD), however our understanding of specific changes during CAD development remains limited. We aimed to investigate microbiome changes in participants without clinically manifest CAD with different cardiovascular risk levels and in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). METHODS AND RESULTS In this cross-sectional study, we characterized the gut microbiome using metagenomics of 411 faecal samples from individuals with low (n = 130), intermediate (n = 130), and high (n = 125) cardiovascular risk based on the Framingham score, and STEMI patients (n = 26). We analysed diversity, and differential abundance of species and functional pathways while accounting for confounders including medication and technical covariates. Collinsella stercoris, Flavonifractor plautii, and Ruthenibacterium lactatiformans showed increased abundances with cardiovascular risk, while Streptococcus thermophilus was negatively associated. Differential abundance analysis revealed eight species and 49 predicted metabolic pathways that were differently abundant among the groups. In the gut microbiome of STEMI patients, there was a depletion of pathways linked to vitamin, lipid, and amino acid biosynthesis. CONCLUSION We identified four microbial species showing a gradual trend in abundance from low-risk individuals to those with STEMI, and observed differential abundant species and pathways in STEMI patients compared to those without clinically manifest CAD. Further investigation is warranted to gain deeper understanding of their precise role in CAD progression and potential implications, with the ultimate goal of identifying novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femke M Prins
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Valerie Collij
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hilde E Groot
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes R Björk
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J Casper Swarte
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sergio Andreu-Sánchez
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pediatrics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bernadien H Jansen
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jingyuan Fu
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pediatrics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hermie J M Harmsen
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection prevention, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandra Zhernakova
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Lipsic
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rinse K Weersma
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ranko Gacesa
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
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2
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Antonetti OR, Desine S, Smith HM, Robles ME, McDonald E, Ovide G, Wang C, Dean ED, Doran AC, Calcutt MW, Huang S, Brown JD, Silver HJ, Ferguson JF. The consumption of animal products is associated with plasma levels of alpha-aminoadipic acid (2-AAA). Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024:S0939-4753(24)00111-X. [PMID: 38658223 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The cardiometabolic disease-associated metabolite, alpha-aminoadipic acid (2-AAA) is formed from the breakdown of the essential dietary amino acid lysine. However, it was not known whether elevated plasma levels of 2-AAA are related to dietary nutrient intake. We aimed to determine whether diet is a determinant of circulating 2-AAA in healthy individuals, and whether 2-AAA is altered in response to dietary modification. METHODS AND RESULTS We investigated the association between 2-AAA and dietary nutrient intake in a cross-sectional study of healthy individuals (N = 254). We then performed a randomized cross-over dietary intervention trial to investigate the effect of lysine supplementation (1 week) on 2-AAA in healthy individuals (N = 40). We further assessed the effect of a vegetarian diet on 2-AAA in a short-term (4-day) dietary intervention trial in healthy omnivorous women (N = 35). We found that self-reported dietary intake of animal products, including meat, poultry, and seafood, was associated with higher plasma 2-AAA cross-sectionally (P < 0.0001). Supplementary dietary lysine (5g/day) caused no significant increase in plasma 2-AAA; however, plasma 2-AAA was altered by general dietary modification. Further, plasma 2-AAA was significantly reduced by a short-term vegetarian diet (P = 0.003). CONCLUSION We identified associations between plasma 2-AAA and consumption of animal products, which were validated in a vegetarian dietary intervention trial, but not in a trial designed to specifically increase the 2-AAA amino acid precursor lysine. Further studies are warranted to investigate whether implementation of a vegetarian diet improves cardiometabolic risk in individuals with elevated 2-AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia R Antonetti
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA
| | - Stacy Desine
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA
| | - Holly M Smith
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA
| | - Michelle E Robles
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA
| | - Ezelle McDonald
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA
| | - Gerry Ovide
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA
| | - Chuan Wang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA
| | - E Danielle Dean
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA
| | - Amanda C Doran
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA
| | - M Wade Calcutt
- Department of Biochemistry, Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, USA
| | - Shi Huang
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville TN, USA
| | - Jonathan D Brown
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA
| | - Heidi J Silver
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA; Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville TN, USA
| | - Jane F Ferguson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA.
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3
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Yin Z, Ge P, Zeng C, Liu C, Zhao Y, Zhang Q, Xie H, Wang A, Liu X, Kang S, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Zhang D, Zhao J. Association of lysine pathway metabolites with moyamoya disease. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:787-795. [PMID: 38340411 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Lysine and its pathway metabolites have been identified as novel biomarkers for metabolic and vascular diseases. The role of them in the identification of moyamoya disease (MMD) has not been elucidated. This study aimed to determine the association between lysine pathway metabolites and the presence of MMD. METHODS We prospectively enrolled 360 MMD patients and 89 healthy controls from September 2020 to December 2021 in Beijing Tiantan Hospital. Serum levels of lysine, pipecolic acid and 2-aminoadipic acid were measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. We employed logistic regression and restricted cubic spline to explore the association between these metabolites and the presence of MMD. Stratified analyses were also conducted to test the robustness of results. RESULTS We observed that lysine levels in MMD patients were significantly higher and pipecolic acid levels were significantly lower compared to HCs (both p < 0.001), while no difference was found in the level of 2-AAA between both groups. When comparing metabolites by quartiles, elevated lysine levels were linked to increased odds for MMD (the fourth quartile [Q4] vs the first quartile [Q1]: odds ratio, 3.48, 95%CI [1.39-8.75]), while reduced pipecolic acid levels correlated with higher odds (Q4 vs Q1: odds ratio, 0.08; 95 % CI [0.03-0.20]). The restricted cubic spline found a L-shaped relationship between pipecolic acid level and the presence of MMD, with a cutoff point at 2.52 μmol/L. Robust results were also observed across subgroups. CONCLUSION Elevated lysine levels were correlated with increased odds of MMD presence, while lower pipecolic acid levels were associated with higher odds of the condition. These results suggest potential new biomarkers for the identification of MMD. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY NUMBER URL: https://www.chictr.org.cn/. Unique identifier: ChiCTR2200061889.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
| | - Peicong Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
| | - Chaofan Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
| | - Chenglong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
| | - Yahui Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
| | - Qihang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
| | - Hutao Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Anjie Wang
- Department of Neurology, First People's Hospital of Guangyuan, Guangyuan, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xingju Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
| | - Shuai Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Jizong Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
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Burton MA, Antoun E, Garratt ES, Westbury L, Dennison EM, Harvey NC, Cooper C, Patel HP, Godfrey KM, Lillycrop KA. The serum small non-coding RNA (SncRNA) landscape as a molecular biomarker of age associated muscle dysregulation and insulin resistance in older adults. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23423. [PMID: 38294260 PMCID: PMC10952661 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301089rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs) are implicated in age-associated pathologies, including sarcopenia and insulin resistance (IR). As potential circulating biomarkers, most studies have focussed on microRNAs (miRNAs), one class of sncRNA. This study characterized the wider circulating sncRNA transcriptome of older individuals and associations with sarcopenia and IR. sncRNA expression including miRNAs, transfer RNAs (tRNAs), tRNA-associated fragments (tRFs), and piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) was measured in serum from 21 healthy and 21 sarcopenic Hertfordshire Sarcopenia Study extension women matched for age (mean 78.9 years) and HOMA2-IR. Associations with age, sarcopenia and HOMA2-IR were examined and predicted gene targets and biological pathways characterized. Of the total sncRNA among healthy controls, piRNAs were most abundant (85.3%), followed by tRNAs (4.1%), miRNAs (2.7%), and tRFs (0.5%). Age was associated (FDR < 0.05) with 2 miRNAs, 58 tRNAs, and 14 tRFs, with chromatin organization, WNT signaling, and response to stress enriched among gene targets. Sarcopenia was nominally associated (p < .05) with 12 tRNAs, 3 tRFs, and 6 piRNAs, with target genes linked to cell proliferation and differentiation such as Notch Receptor 1 (NOTCH1), DISC1 scaffold protein (DISC1), and GLI family zinc finger-2 (GLI2). HOMA2-IR was nominally associated (p<0.05) with 6 miRNAs, 9 tRNAs, 1 tRF, and 19 piRNAs, linked with lysine degradation, circadian rhythm, and fatty acid biosynthesis pathways. These findings identify changes in circulating sncRNA expression in human serum associated with chronological age, sarcopenia, and IR. These may have clinical utility as circulating biomarkers of ageing and age-associated pathologies and provide novel targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. Burton
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| | - Elie Antoun
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| | - Emma S. Garratt
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research CentreUniversity of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustSouthamptonUK
| | - Leo Westbury
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology CentreUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| | - Elaine M. Dennison
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology CentreUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
- Victoria University of WellingtonWellingtonNew Zealand
| | - Nicholas C. Harvey
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research CentreUniversity of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustSouthamptonUK
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology CentreUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research CentreUniversity of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustSouthamptonUK
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology CentreUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| | - Harnish P. Patel
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research CentreUniversity of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustSouthamptonUK
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology CentreUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
- Academic Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| | - Keith M. Godfrey
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research CentreUniversity of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustSouthamptonUK
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology CentreUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| | - Karen A. Lillycrop
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research CentreUniversity of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustSouthamptonUK
- Biological SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
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5
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Tan Y, Chrysopoulou M, Rinschen MM. Integrative physiology of lysine metabolites. Physiol Genomics 2023; 55:579-586. [PMID: 37781739 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00061.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysine is an essential amino acid that serves as a building block in protein synthesis. Beside this, the metabolic activity of lysine has only recently been unraveled. Lysine metabolism is tissue specific and is linked to several renal, cardiovascular, and endocrinological diseases through human metabolomics datasets. As a free molecule, lysine takes part in the antioxidant response and engages in protein modifications, and its chemistry shapes both proteome and metabolome. In the proteome, it is an acceptor for a plethora of posttranslational modifications. In the metabolome, it can be modified, conjugated, and degraded. Here, we provide an update on integrative physiology of mammalian lysine metabolites such as α-aminoadipic acid, saccharopine, pipecolic acid, and lysine conjugates such as acetyl-lysine, and sugar-lysine conjugates such as advanced glycation end products. We also comment on their emerging associative and mechanistic links to renal disease, hypertension, diabetes, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Tan
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Markus M Rinschen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- III Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Najafi F, Mohseni P, Pasdar Y, Niknam M, Izadi N. The association between dietary amino acid profile and the risk of type 2 diabetes: Ravansar non-communicable disease cohort study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2284. [PMID: 37980456 PMCID: PMC10657569 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17210-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the most common chronic diseases and the main risk factors for T2D consist of a combination of lifestyle, unhealthy diet, and genetic factors. Amino acids are considered to be a major component of dietary sources for many of the associations between dietary protein and chronic disease. Therefore, this study amied to determine the association between dietary amino acid intakes and the incidence of T2D. METHODS The present nested case-control study was conducted using data from the Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) Cohort Study. The information required for this study was collected from individuals who participated in the Adult Cohort Study from the start of the study until September 2023. Over a 6-year follow-up period, data from 113 new T2D cases were available. Four controls were then randomly selected for each case using density sampling. Cases and controls were matched for sex and age at the interview. Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to collect data related to all amino acids including tryptophan, threonine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, cysteine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, valine, arginine, histidine, alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, proline, and serine were also extracted. Binary logistic regression was used to estimate the crude and adjusted odds ratio for the risk of T2D. RESULTS Using the univariable model, a significant association was found between T2D risk and branched-chain, alkaline, sulfuric, and essential amino acids in the fourth quartile. Accordingly, individuals in the fourth quartile had a 1.81- to 1.87-fold higher risk of developing new T2D than individuals in the lowest quartile (P<0.05). After adjustment for several variables, the risk of developing a new T2D was 2.70 (95% CI: 1.16-6.31), 2.68 (95% CI: 1.16-6.21), 2.98 (95% CI: 1.27-6.96), 2.45 (95% CI: 1.02-5.90), and 2.66 (95% CI: 1.13-6.25) times higher, for individuals in the fourth quartile of branched-chain, alkaline, sulfuric, alcoholic, and essential amino acids compared with those in the lowest quartile, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The results showed that the risk of developing a new T2D was higher for individuals in the fourth quartile of branched-chain amino acids, alkaline, sulfate, and essential amino acids than in the lower quartile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid Najafi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Parisa Mohseni
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yahya Pasdar
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Niknam
- Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Izadi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Xiao CW, Hendry A, Kenney L, Bertinato J. L-Lysine supplementation affects dietary protein quality and growth and serum amino acid concentrations in rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19943. [PMID: 37968448 PMCID: PMC10651908 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47321-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Single amino acid (AA) supplementations in foods are increasing, however their potential nutritional and physiological impacts are not fully understood. This study examined the effects of L-lysine (Lys) supplementation on protein quality of diets, serum AA concentrations and associations between the ratio of supplemental Lys to dietary protein (X) with body weight gain (BWG) in Sprague-Dawley male rats. Rats were fed one of 10 diets containing either 7% or 20% casein and supplemented with 0% (Control), 1.5%, 3%, 6% Lys or 6% Lys + 3% L-arginine (Arg) (8 rats/diet group) for 1 week. Lys supplementation reduced the protein quality of the casein-based diets (p < 0.01). BWG was reduced by supplemental Lys when X > 0.18. Free Lys supplementation dose-dependently increased serum Lys levels (p < 0.01), while increased protein-bound Lys (1.4% vs 0.52%) had little effect on serum Lys (p > 0.05). In the 7% casein diets, ≥ 1.5% supplemental Lys reduced serum alanine, asparagine, glycine, isoleucine, leucine, serine, tyrosine, valine, carnitine, ornithine, and increased urea. Supplementation of ≥ 3% Lys additionally reduced tryptophan and increased histidine, methionine and α-aminoadipic acid (α-AAA) compared to the Control (p < 0.05). In the 20% casein diets, addition of ≥ 1.5% Lys reduced serum asparagine and threonine, and ≥ 3% Lys reduced leucine, proline, tryptophan, valine, and ornithine, and 6% Lys reduced carnitine, and increased histidine, methionine, and α-AAA. Overall, this study showed that free Lys supplementation in a Lys-sufficient diet reduced the protein quality of the diets and modified the serum concentrations of many amino acids. Excess free Lys intake adversely affected growth and utilization of nutrients due to AA imbalance or antagonism. Overall lower protein intake increases susceptibility to the adverse effects of Lys supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Wu Xiao
- Nutrition Research Division, Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Banting Research Centre, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada.
- Food and Nutrition Science Program, Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada.
| | - Amy Hendry
- Nutrition Research Division, Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Banting Research Centre, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Laura Kenney
- Nutrition Research Division, Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Banting Research Centre, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Jesse Bertinato
- Nutrition Research Division, Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Banting Research Centre, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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8
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Desine S, Gabriel CL, Smith HM, Antonetti OR, Wang C, Calcutt MW, Doran AC, Silver HJ, Nair S, Terry JG, Carr JJ, Linton MF, Brown JD, Koethe JR, Ferguson JF. Association of alpha-aminoadipic acid with cardiometabolic risk factors in healthy and high-risk individuals. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1122391. [PMID: 37745703 PMCID: PMC10513411 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1122391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Plasma levels of the metabolite alpha-aminoadipic acid (2-AAA) have been associated with risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and atherosclerosis. However, little is known about the relationship of 2-AAA to other cardiometabolic risk markers in pre-disease states, or in the setting of comorbid disease. Methods We measured circulating 2-AAA using two methods in 1) a sample of 261 healthy individuals (2-AAA Study), and 2) in a sample of 134 persons comprising 110 individuals with treated HIV, with or without T2D, a population at high risk of metabolic disease and cardiovascular events despite suppression of circulating virus, and 24 individuals with T2D without HIV (HATIM Study). We examined associations between plasma 2-AAA and markers of cardiometabolic health within each cohort. Results and discussion We observed differences in 2-AAA by sex and race in both cohorts, with higher levels observed in men compared with women, and in Asian compared with Black or white individuals (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in 2-AAA by HIV status within individuals with T2D in the HATIM Study. We confirmed associations between 2-AAA and dyslipidemia in both cohorts, where high 2-AAA associated with low HDL cholesterol (P<0.001) and high triglycerides (P<0.05). As expected, within the cohort of people with HIV, 2-AAA was higher in the setting of T2D compared to pre-diabetes or normoglycemia (P<0.001). 2-AAA was positively associated with body mass index (BMI) in the 2-AAA Study, and with waist circumference and measures of visceral fat volume in HATIM (all P<0.05). Further, 2-AAA associated with increased liver fat in persons with HIV (P<0.001). Our study confirms 2-AAA as a marker of cardiometabolic risk in both healthy individuals and those at high cardiometabolic risk, reveals relationships with adiposity and hepatic steatosis, and highlights important differences by sex and race. Further studies are warranted to establish molecular mechanisms linking 2-AAA to disease in other high-risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy Desine
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Curtis L. Gabriel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Tennessee Center for AIDS Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Holly M. Smith
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Olivia R. Antonetti
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Chuan Wang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - M. Wade Calcutt
- Department of Biochemistry, Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Amanda C. Doran
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Heidi J. Silver
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Sangeeta Nair
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - James G. Terry
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - John Jeffrey Carr
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - MacRae F. Linton
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Jonathan D. Brown
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - John R. Koethe
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Jane F. Ferguson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
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9
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Liu Y, Wang H, Liang Y, Guo Z, Qu L, Wang Y, Zhang C, Sun G, Li Y. Dietary intakes of methionine, threonine, lysine, arginine and histidine increased risk of type 2 diabetes in Chinese population: does the mediation effect of obesity exist? BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1551. [PMID: 37582714 PMCID: PMC10428589 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16468-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Published studies have shown positive associations of branched chain and aromatic amino acids with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and the findings remain consistent. However, the associations of other essential and semi-essential amino acids, i.e., methionine (Met), threonine (Thr), lysine (Lys), arginine (Arg) and histidine (His), with T2DM remain unknown. Obesity is an important independent risk factor for T2DM, and excessive amino acids can convert into glucose and lipids, which might underlie the associations of amino acids with obesity. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the associations between dietary intakes of these 5 amino acids and T2DM risk, as well as the mediation effects of obesity on these associations, in a Chinese population. METHODS A total of 10,920 participants (57,293 person-years) were included, and dietary intakes of 5 amino acids were investigated using 24-h dietary recalls. Anthropometric obesity indices were measured at both baseline and the follow-up endpoints. Associations of amino acids with T2DM were estimated using COX regression models, hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were shown. The mediation effects of obesity indices were analyzed, and the proportion of the mediation effect was estimated. RESULTS Higher intakes of the 5 amino acids were associated with increasing T2DM risk, while significant HRs were only shown in men after adjustments. No interaction by gender was found. Regression analyses using quintiles of amino acids intakes showed that T2DM risk was positively associated with amino acids intakes only when comparing participants with the highest intake levels of amino acids to those with the lowest intake levels. Adjusted correlation coefficients between amino acid intakes and obesity indices measured at follow-up endpoints were significantly positive. Mediation analyses showed that mediation effects of obesity indices existed on associations between amino acids intakes and T2DM risk, and the mediation effect of waist circumference remained strongest for each amino acid. CONCLUSIONS We found positive associations of dietary intakes of Met, Thr, Lys, Arg and His with increasing T2DM risk in general Chinese residents, on which the mediation effect of obesity existed. These findings could be helpful for developing more constructive guidance in the primary prevention of T2DM based on dietary interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Liu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuanhong Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zijun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Litong Qu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Chengwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Guifan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yongfang Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China.
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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10
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Desine S, Gabriel CL, Smith HM, Antonetti OR, Wang C, Calcutt MW, Doran AC, Silver HJ, Nair S, Terry JG, Carr JJ, Linton MF, Brown JD, Koethe JR, Ferguson JF. Association of alpha-aminoadipic acid (2-AAA) with cardiometabolic risk factors in healthy and high-risk individuals. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.06.05.23290990. [PMID: 37333170 PMCID: PMC10274998 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.05.23290990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Plasma levels of the metabolite alpha-aminoadipic acid (2-AAA) have been associated with risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and atherosclerosis. However, little is known about the relationship of 2-AAA to other cardiometabolic risk markers in pre-disease states, or in the setting of comorbid disease. We measured circulating 2-AAA using two methods in 1) a sample of 261 healthy individuals (2-AAA Study), and 2) in a sample of 134 persons comprising 110 individuals with treated HIV, with or without T2D, a population at high risk of metabolic disease and cardiovascular events despite suppression of circulating virus, and 24 individuals with T2D without HIV (HATIM Study). We examined associations between plasma 2-AAA and markers of cardiometabolic health within each cohort. We observed differences in 2-AAA by sex and race in both cohorts, with higher levels observed in men compared with women, and in Asian compared with Black or white individuals (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in 2-AAA by HIV status within individuals with T2D in the HATIM Study. We confirmed associations between 2-AAA and dyslipidemia in both cohorts where high 2-AAA associated with low HDL cholesterol (P<0.001) and high triglycerides (P<0.05). As expected, within the cohort of people with HIV, 2-AAA was higher in the setting of T2D compared to pre-diabetes or normoglycemia (P<0.001). 2-AAA was positively associated with body mass index (BMI) in the 2-AAA Study, and with waist circumference and measures of visceral fat volume in HATIM (all P<0.05). Further, 2-AAA associated with increased liver fat in persons with HIV (P<0.001). Our study confirms 2-AAA as a marker of cardiometabolic risk in both healthy individuals and those at high cardiometabolic risk, reveals relationships with adiposity and hepatic steatosis, and highlights important differences by sex and race. Further studies are warranted to establish molecular mechanisms linking 2-AAA to disease in other high-risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy Desine
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
| | - Curtis L. Gabriel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
- Tennessee Center for AIDS Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
| | - Holly M. Smith
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
| | | | - Chuan Wang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
| | - M. Wade Calcutt
- Department of Biochemistry, Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University
| | - Amanda C. Doran
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
| | - Heidi J. Silver
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
| | - Sangeeta Nair
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
| | - James G. Terry
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
| | - J. Jeffrey Carr
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
| | - MacRae F. Linton
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
| | - Jonathan D. Brown
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
| | - John R. Koethe
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
| | - Jane F. Ferguson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
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11
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Lyon DE, Yao Y, Garrett T, Kelly DL, Cousin L, Archer KJ. Comparison of serum metabolomics in women with breast Cancer Prior to Chemotherapy and at 1 year: cardiometabolic implications. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:221. [PMID: 37138260 PMCID: PMC10158001 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02355-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Early-stage breast cancer (BC) is the second most common malignancy in women, worldwide. Early-detection and treatment advances have led to 5-year survival rates of 90% for early-stage breast cancer. However, the long-term morbidity of breast cancer remains high, with a majority of survivors facing increased risk of cardiometabolic conditions as well as secondary cancers. In particular, African American women with breast cancer experience higher morbidity and mortality than other women. Metabolomics is the comprehensive study of metabolites in biological samples to elucidate the role of monosaccharides, amino acids, and their respective metabolic pathways. Although some studies have found differential metabolites in women with breast cancer compared to normal controls, there has been little study of women with breast cancer across time and the active treatment trajectory. This study examines and compares the serum metabolomic profile of women with BC, prior to initial chemotherapy and at 1 year after inception of chemotherapy. METHODS This study examined serum metabolites through a secondary analysis of a longitudinal parent study (EPIGEN) of women diagnosed with early-stage BC. Participants were evaluated across 5 time points: prior to their receipt of chemotherapy (T1), at the time of their 4th chemotherapy treatment (T2), 6 months after the initiation of chemotherapy (T3), one year after the initiation of chemotherapy (T4) and two years after the initiation of chemotherapy (T5). This analysis focused on the metabolomic data from 70 participants from T1 to T4. Using ultra high-pressure liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS), we performed Friedman Rank Sum Test followed by Nemenyi post-hoc pairwise tests to identify which metabolite levels differed between time points, focusing on metabolites with a Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate (FDR) from the overall Friedman test < 0.05 and then specifically examined the p-values from the T1 vs. T4 pairwise comparison. RESULTS The untargeted serum metabolomics yielded a total of 2,395 metabolites identified on the basis of the accurate mass and MS/MS fragmentation, 1,264 of which were significant after Friedman's test (FDR < 0.05). The analysis then focused on the levels of 124 metabolites from the T1 vs. T4 post-hoc comparison that had a combined FDR < 0.05 and fold change (FC) > 2.0. Metabolite set enrichment analysis (MSEA) as part of Metaboanalyst 3.0 was performed to identify pathways that were significantly altered. The known metabolites identified from the functional analysis were used to evaluate the up and down regulated pathways. The 40metabolites from the Functional Analysis were mainly attributed to amino acids (specifically lysine regulation), fatty acids (particularly unsaturated) and steroid hormone synthesis (lysophosphatidic acid). CONCLUSION There were multiple significant changes in the serum metabolomic profile of women with breast cancer at one-year post inception of chemotherapy compared to pre-chemotherapy, most notably associated with lysine degradation, branched-chain amino acid synthesis, linoleic acid metabolism, tyrosine metabolism and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids as the top 5 metabolic pathways. Some of these changes could be associated with metabolic perturbations that are consistent with heightened risk of cardiometabolic morbidity. Our results provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying potential heightened cardiovascular health risks in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra E Lyon
- College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Yingwei Yao
- College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Timothy Garrett
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | | | | | - Kellie J Archer
- College of Public Health, the Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
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12
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Danesh Yazdi M, Nassan FL, Kosheleva A, Wang C, Xu Z, Di Q, Requia WJ, Comfort NT, Wu H, Laurent LC, DeHoff P, Vokonas P, Baccarelli AA, Schwartz JD. Short-term air pollution and temperature exposure and changes in the extracellular microRNA profile of Normative Aging Study (NAS) participants. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 171:107735. [PMID: 36640488 PMCID: PMC10159015 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the health effects of air pollution and temperature are widely studied, the molecular effects are poorly understood. Extracellular microRNAs (ex-miRNAs) have the potential to serve as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers and/or to act as intercellular signaling molecules that mediate the effects of environmental exposures on health outcomes. METHODS We examined the relationship between short-term exposure to air pollution and ambient temperature and the ex-miRNA profiles of participants in the Normative Aging Study (NAS) from 1999 to 2015. Our exposures were defined as same-day, two-day, three-day, one-week, two-week, and three-week moving averages of PM2.5, NO2, O3, and temperature which were derived from high-resolution spatio-temporal models. The ex-miRNA profiles of the subjects were obtained during follow-up visits. We analyzed the data using a longitudinal quantile regression model adjusted for individual covariates, batch effects, and time trends. We adjusted for multiple comparisons using a false discovery rate (FDR) correction. Ex-miRNAs that were significantly associated with exposures were further investigated using pathway analyses. RESULTS We found that all the examined exposures were associated with changes in ex-miRNA profiles in our study, particularly PM2.5 which was responsible for most of the statistically significant results. We found 110 statistically significant exposure-outcome relationships that revealed associations with the levels of 52 unique ex-miRNAs. Pathway analyses showed these ex-miRNAs have been linked to target mRNAs, genes, and biological mechanisms that could affect virtually every organ system, and as such may be linked to multiple clinical disease presentations such as cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, and neurological disease. CONCLUSIONS Air pollution and temperature exposures were significantly associated with alterations in the ex-miRNA profiles of NAS subjects with possible biological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Danesh Yazdi
- Program in Public Health, Department of Family, Population, and Preventive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Feiby L Nassan
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Biogen Inc, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Anna Kosheleva
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cuicui Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zongli Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Biostatistics Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Qian Di
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Weeberb J Requia
- School of Public Policy and Government, Fundação Getúlio Vargas, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Nicole T Comfort
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Haotian Wu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Louise C Laurent
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, & Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Peter DeHoff
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, & Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pantel Vokonas
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian and Avidisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joel D Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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13
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Multi-omic phenotyping reveals host-microbe responses to bariatric surgery, glycaemic control and obesity. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2022; 2:127. [PMID: 36217535 PMCID: PMC9546886 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-022-00185-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Resolution of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is common following bariatric surgery, particularly Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Methods To address this we compare the integrated serum, urine and faecal metabolic profiles of participants with obesity ± T2D (n = 80, T2D = 42) with participants who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy (pre and 3-months post-surgery; n = 27), taking diet into account. We co-model these data with shotgun metagenomic profiles of the gut microbiota to provide a comprehensive atlas of host-gut microbe responses to bariatric surgery, weight-loss and glycaemic control at the systems level. Results Here we show that bariatric surgery reverses several disrupted pathways characteristic of T2D. The differential metabolite set representative of bariatric surgery overlaps with both diabetes (19.3% commonality) and body mass index (18.6% commonality). However, the percentage overlap between diabetes and body mass index is minimal (4.0% commonality), consistent with weight-independent mechanisms of T2D resolution. The gut microbiota is more strongly correlated to body mass index than T2D, although we identify some pathways such as amino acid metabolism that correlate with changes to the gut microbiota and which influence glycaemic control. Conclusion We identify multi-omic signatures associated with responses to surgery, body mass index, and glycaemic control. Improved understanding of gut microbiota - host co-metabolism may lead to novel therapies for weight-loss or diabetes. However, further experiments are required to provide mechanistic insight into the role of the gut microbiota in host metabolism and establish proof of causality. Weight-loss surgery is a highly effective treatment of type 2 diabetes in people with obesity. Interestingly, the improvement in diabetes after weight-loss surgery occurs before any significant weight-loss. Through better understanding of this metabolic improvement, weight-loss surgery provides a unique avenue to identify novel ways of treating diabetes and obesity. Here we combine measurements of metabolism, gut bacteria and diet in people with obesity, with or without type 2 diabetes and in patients before and after weight-loss surgery. We have used these data to identify changes associated with weight-loss surgery, obesity and diabetes. Improved understanding of the mechanisms behind these changes, including how changes to gut bacteria influence metabolism, may lead to new treatments for weight-loss or diabetes. Penney et al. conduct microbial and metabolic profiling in people with obesity, with or without type 2 diabetes, undergoing two types of bariatric surgery. Integrative analysis identifies multi-omic signatures associated with response to surgery, body mass index, and glycaemic control.
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14
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Tso JV, Liu C, Turner CG, Uppal K, Prabakaran G, Ejaz K, Baggish AL, Jones DP, Quyyumi AA, Kim JH. Metabolic Alterations Differentiating Cardiovascular Maladaptation from Athletic Training in American-Style Football Athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2022; 54:1617-1624. [PMID: 35617604 PMCID: PMC9481654 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Metabolomics identifies molecular products produced in response to numerous stimuli, including both adaptive (includes exercise training) and disease processes. We analyzed a longitudinal cohort of American-style football (ASF) athletes, who reliably acquire maladaptive cardiovascular (CV) phenotypes during competitive training, with high-resolution metabolomics to determine whether metabolomics can discriminate exercise-induced CV adaptations from early CV pathology. METHODS Matched discovery ( n = 42) and validation ( n = 40) multicenter cohorts of collegiate freshman ASF athletes were studied with longitudinal echocardiography, applanation tonometry, and high-resolution metabolomics. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry identified metabolites that changed ( P < 0.05, false discovery rate <0.2) over the season. Metabolites demonstrating similar changes in both cohorts were further analyzed in linear and mixed-effects models to identify those associated with left ventricular mass, tissue-Doppler myocardial E ' velocity (diastolic function), and arterial function (pulse wave velocity). RESULTS In both cohorts, 20 common metabolites changed similarly across the season. Metabolites reflective of favorable CV health included an increase in arginine and decreases in hypoxanthine and saturated fatty acids (heptadecanoate, arachidic acid, stearate, and hydroxydecanoate). In contrast, metabolic perturbations of increased lysine and pipecolate, reflective of adverse CV health, were also observed. Adjusting for player position, race, height, and changes in systolic blood pressure, weight, and pulse wave velocity, increased lysine ( β = 0.018, P = 0.02) and pipecolate ( β = 0.018, P = 0.02) were associated with increased left ventricular mass index. In addition, increased lysine ( β = -0.049, P = 0.01) and pipecolate ( β = -0.052, P = 0.008) were also associated with lower E ' (reduced diastolic function). CONCLUSIONS ASF athletes seem to develop metabolomic changes reflective of both favorable CV health and early CV maladaptive phenotypes. Whether metabolomics can discriminate early pathologic CV transformations among athletes is a warranted future research direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason V. Tso
- Division of Cardiology, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Chang Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Casey G. Turner
- Division of Cardiology, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Karan Uppal
- Division of Cardiology, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ganesh Prabakaran
- Division of Cardiology, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Kiran Ejaz
- Division of Cardiology, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Aaron L. Baggish
- Cardiovascular Performance Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston MA
| | - Dean P. Jones
- Division of Pulmonology, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Arshed A. Quyyumi
- Division of Cardiology, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Jonathan H. Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
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15
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Brezmes J, Llambrich M, Cumeras R, Gumà J. Urine NMR Metabolomics for Precision Oncology in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:11171. [PMID: 36232473 PMCID: PMC9569997 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics is a fundamental approach to discovering novel biomarkers and their potential use for precision medicine. When applied for population screening, NMR-based metabolomics can become a powerful clinical tool in precision oncology. Urine tests can be more widely accepted due to their intrinsic non-invasiveness. Our review provides the first exhaustive evaluation of NMR metabolomics for the determination of colorectal cancer (CRC) in urine. A specific search in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus was performed, and 10 studies met the required criteria. There were no restrictions on the query for study type, leading to not only colorectal cancer samples versus control comparisons, but also prospective studies of surgical effects. With this review, all compounds in the included studies were merged into a database. In doing so, we identified up to 100 compounds in urine samples, and 11 were found in at least three articles. Results were analyzed in three groups: case (CRC and adenomas)/control, pre-/post-surgery, and combining both groups. When combining the case-control and the pre-/post-surgery groups, up to twelve compounds were found to be relevant. Seven down-regulated metabolites in CRC were identified, creatinine, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, acetone, carnitine, d-glucose, hippuric acid, l-lysine, l-threonine, and pyruvic acid, and three up-regulated compounds in CRC were identified, acetic acid, phenylacetylglutamine, and urea. The pathways and enrichment analysis returned only two pathways significantly expressed: the pyruvate metabolism and the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway. In both cases, only the pyruvic acid (down-regulated in urine of CRC patients, with cancer cell proliferation effect in the tissue) and acetic acid (up-regulated in urine of CRC patients, with chemoprotective effect) were present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Brezmes
- Metabolomics Interdisciplinary Group, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43204 Reus, Spain
- Department of Electrical Electronic Engineering and Automation, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Maria Llambrich
- Metabolomics Interdisciplinary Group, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43204 Reus, Spain
- Department of Electrical Electronic Engineering and Automation, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Raquel Cumeras
- Metabolomics Interdisciplinary Group, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43204 Reus, Spain
- Department of Electrical Electronic Engineering and Automation, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Oncology Department, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Josep Gumà
- Oncology Department, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43204 Reus, Spain
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16
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Vasishta S, Ganesh K, Umakanth S, Joshi MB. Ethnic disparities attributed to the manifestation in and response to type 2 diabetes: insights from metabolomics. Metabolomics 2022; 18:45. [PMID: 35763080 PMCID: PMC9239976 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-022-01905-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) associated health disparities among different ethnicities have long been known. Ethnic variations also exist in T2D related comorbidities including insulin resistance, vascular complications and drug response. Genetic heterogeneity, dietary patterns, nutrient metabolism and gut microbiome composition attribute to ethnic disparities in both manifestation and progression of T2D. These factors differentially regulate the rate of metabolism and metabolic health. Metabolomics studies have indicated significant differences in carbohydrate, lipid and amino acid metabolism among ethnicities. Interestingly, genetic variations regulating lipid and amino acid metabolism might also contribute to inter-ethnic differences in T2D. Comprehensive and comparative metabolomics analysis between ethnicities might help to design personalized dietary regimen and newer therapeutic strategies. In the present review, we explore population based metabolomics data to identify inter-ethnic differences in metabolites and discuss how (a) genetic variations, (b) dietary patterns and (c) microbiome composition may attribute for such differences in T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampara Vasishta
- Department of Ageing Research, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, 576104, Manipal, India
| | - Kailash Ganesh
- Department of Ageing Research, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, 576104, Manipal, India
| | | | - Manjunath B Joshi
- Department of Ageing Research, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, 576104, Manipal, India.
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Planetarium Complex Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal, 576104, Manipal, India.
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Morze J, Wittenbecher C, Schwingshackl L, Danielewicz A, Rynkiewicz A, Hu FB, Guasch-Ferré M. Metabolomics and Type 2 Diabetes Risk: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. Diabetes Care 2022; 45:1013-1024. [PMID: 35349649 PMCID: PMC9016744 DOI: 10.2337/dc21-1705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the rapidly increasing availability of metabolomics data in prospective studies, an update of the meta evidence on metabolomics and type 2 diabetes risk is warranted. PURPOSE To conduct an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of plasma, serum, and urine metabolite markers and incident type 2 diabetes. DATA SOURCES We searched PubMed and Embase until 6 March 2021. STUDY SELECTION We selected prospective observational studies where investigators used high-throughput techniques to investigate the relationship between plasma, serum, or urine metabolites and incident type 2 diabetes. DATA EXTRACTION Baseline metabolites per-SD risk estimates and 95% CIs for incident type 2 diabetes were extracted from all eligible studies. DATA SYNTHESIS A total of 61 reports with 71,196 participants and 11,771 type 2 diabetes cases/events were included in the updated review. Meta-analysis was performed for 412 metabolites, of which 123 were statistically significantly associated (false discovery rate-corrected P < 0.05) with type 2 diabetes risk. Higher plasma and serum levels of certain amino acids (branched-chain, aromatic, alanine, glutamate, lysine, and methionine), carbohydrates and energy-related metabolites (mannose, trehalose, and pyruvate), acylcarnitines (C4-DC, C4-OH, C5, C5-OH, and C8:1), the majority of glycerolipids (di- and triacylglycerols), (lyso)phosphatidylethanolamines, and ceramides included in meta-analysis were associated with higher risk of type 2 diabetes (hazard ratio 1.07-2.58). Higher levels of glycine, glutamine, betaine, indolepropionate, and (lyso)phosphatidylcholines were associated with lower type 2 diabetes risk (hazard ratio 0.69-0.90). LIMITATIONS Substantial heterogeneity (I2 > 50%, τ2 > 0.1) was observed for some of the metabolites. CONCLUSIONS Several plasma and serum metabolites, including amino acids, lipids, and carbohydrates, are associated with type 2 diabetes risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Morze
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Clemens Wittenbecher
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Lukas Schwingshackl
- Institute for Evidence in Medicine, Medical Centre—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anna Danielewicz
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Andrzej Rynkiewicz
- Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Frank B. Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Channing Division for Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Marta Guasch-Ferré
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Channing Division for Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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18
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Shahal T, Segev E, Konstantinovsky T, Marcus Y, Shefer G, Pasmanik-Chor M, Buch A, Ebenstein Y, Zimmet P, Stern N. Deconvolution of the epigenetic age discloses distinct inter-personal variability in epigenetic aging patterns. Epigenetics Chromatin 2022; 15:9. [PMID: 35255955 PMCID: PMC8900303 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-022-00441-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The epigenetic age can now be extrapolated from one of several epigenetic clocks, which are based on age-related changes in DNA methylation levels at specific multiple CpG sites. Accelerated aging, calculated from the discrepancy between the chronological age and the epigenetic age, has shown to predict morbidity and mortality rate. We assumed that deconvolution of epigenetic age to its components could shed light on the diversity of epigenetic, and by inference, on inter-individual variability in the causes of biological aging. RESULTS Using the Horvath original epigenetic clock, we identified several CpG sites linked to distinct genes that quantitatively explain much of the inter-personal variability in epigenetic aging, with CpG sites related to secretagogin and malin being the most variable. We show that equal epigenetic age in different subjects can result from variable contribution size of the same CpG sites to the total epigenetic age. In a healthy cohort, the most variable CpG sites are responsible for accelerated and decelerated epigenetic aging, relative to chronological age. CONCLUSIONS Of the 353 CpG sites that form the basis for the Horvath epigenetic age, we have found the CpG sites that are responsible for accelerated and decelerated epigenetic aging in healthy subjects. However, the relative contribution of each site to aging varies between individuals, leading to variable personal aging patterns. Our findings pave the way to form personalized aging cards allowing the identification of specific genes related to CpG sites, as aging markers, and perhaps treatment of these targets in order to hinder undesirable age drifting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Shahal
- The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Aging and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Elad Segev
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Holon Institute of Technology, Holon, Israel
| | - Thomas Konstantinovsky
- The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Aging and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Applied Mathematics, Holon Institute of Technology, Holon, Israel
| | - Yonit Marcus
- The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Aging and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Gabi Shefer
- The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Aging and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Metsada Pasmanik-Chor
- Bioinformatics Unit, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Assaf Buch
- The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Aging and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yuval Ebenstein
- Department of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Paul Zimmet
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University School of Medicine, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Naftali Stern
- The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Aging and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. .,The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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19
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Why Do High-Risk Patients Develop or Not Develop Coronary Artery Disease? Metabolic Insights from the CAPIRE Study. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12020123. [PMID: 35208197 PMCID: PMC8876355 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12020123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors (RFs) and coronary artery disease (CAD) do not always show a direct correlation. We investigated the metabolic differences in a cohort of patients with a high CV risk profile who developed, or did not develop, among those enrolled in the Coronary Atherosclerosis in Outlier Subjects: Protective and Novel Individual Risk Factors Evaluation (CAPIRE) study. We studied 112 subjects with a high CV risk profile, subdividing them according to the presence (CAD/High-RFs) or absence of CAD (No-CAD/High-RFs), assessed by computed tomography angiography. The metabolic differences between the two groups were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Characteristic patterns and specific metabolites emerged for each of the two phenotypic groups: high concentrations of pyruvic acid, pipecolic acid, p-cresol, 3-aminoisobutyric acid, isoleucine, glyceric acid, lactic acid, sucrose, phosphoric acid, trimethylamine-N-oxide, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid, erythritol, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, glucose, leucine, and glutamic acid; and low concentrations of cholesterol, hypoxanthine, glycerol-3-P, and cysteine in the CAD/High-RFs group vs the No-CAD/High-RFs group. Our results show the existence of different metabolic profiles between patients who develop CAD and those who do not, despite comparable high CV risk profiles. A specific cluster of metabolites, rather than a single marker, appears to be able to identify novel predisposing or protective mechanisms towards CAD beyond classic CVRFs.
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20
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Metabolic profiling of charged metabolites in association with menopausal status in Japanese community-dwelling midlife women: Tsuruoka Metabolomic Cohort Study. Maturitas 2021; 155:54-62. [PMID: 34876249 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence has shown that charged metabolites, such as amino acids, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of various metabolic disorders, many of which women in the postmenopausal period are at high risk of developing. This study examined the metabolic profile of middle-aged Japanese women to investigate alterations in charged metabolites induced by menopausal transition. METHODS The participants were 1193 female residents aged 40-60 at the baseline survey of the Tsuruoka Metabolomics Cohort Study. We investigated the cross-sectional association of menopausal status with 94 metabolomic biomarkers assayed in fasting plasma samples via capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry using linear regression analysis. RESULTS Among the participants, 529 were premenopausal, 132 were in menopausal transition (MT), and 532 were postmenopausal. Significant differences were found in age, blood pressure, glucose and lipid levels, and smoking and drinking habits among the three groups. The concentrations of 5 metabolites in the MT group and 15 metabolites in the postmenopausal group were significantly higher than those in the premenopausal group after adjusting for confounding factors. When classified into pathways, these metabolites were related to the tricarboxylic cycle, urea cycle, and homocysteine metabolism, some of which are linked to arteriosclerosis. CONCLUSION Multiple charged metabolites were associated with women's menopausal status, showing a gradual increase as women shifted from pre-, to peri-, to postmenopause. These findings might reflect the early changes behind the increased risk of dyslipidemia, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and osteoporosis in later life.
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21
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Jin Q, Ma RCW. Metabolomics in Diabetes and Diabetic Complications: Insights from Epidemiological Studies. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112832. [PMID: 34831057 PMCID: PMC8616415 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of diabetes and its complications, such as cardiovascular and kidney disease, remains a huge burden globally. Identification of biomarkers for the screening, diagnosis, and prognosis of diabetes and its complications and better understanding of the molecular pathways involved in the development and progression of diabetes can facilitate individualized prevention and treatment. With the advancement of analytical techniques, metabolomics can identify and quantify multiple biomarkers simultaneously in a high-throughput manner. Providing information on underlying metabolic pathways, metabolomics can further identify mechanisms of diabetes and its progression. The application of metabolomics in epidemiological studies have identified novel biomarkers for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its complications, such as branched-chain amino acids, metabolites of phenylalanine, metabolites involved in energy metabolism, and lipid metabolism. Metabolomics have also been applied to explore the potential pathways modulated by medications. Investigating diabetes using a systems biology approach by integrating metabolomics with other omics data, such as genetics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and clinical data can present a comprehensive metabolic network and facilitate causal inference. In this regard, metabolomics can deepen the molecular understanding, help identify potential therapeutic targets, and improve the prevention and management of T2D and its complications. The current review focused on metabolomic biomarkers for kidney and cardiovascular disease in T2D identified from epidemiological studies, and will also provide a brief overview on metabolomic investigations for T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Jin
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Ronald Ching Wan Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China;
- Laboratory for Molecular Epidemiology in Diabetes, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +852-26373852
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22
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Nayor M, Shah SH, Murthy V, Shah RV. Molecular Aspects of Lifestyle and Environmental Effects in Patients With Diabetes: JACC Focus Seminar. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021; 78:481-495. [PMID: 34325838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.02.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is characterized as an integrated condition of dysregulated metabolism across multiple tissues, with well-established consequences on the cardiovascular system. Recent advances in precision phenotyping in biofluids and tissues in large human observational and interventional studies have afforded a unique opportunity to translate seminal findings in models and cellular systems to patients at risk for diabetes and its complications. Specifically, techniques to assay metabolites, proteins, and transcripts, alongside more recent assessment of the gut microbiome, underscore the complexity of diabetes in patients, suggesting avenues for precision phenotyping of risk, response to intervention, and potentially novel therapies. In addition, the influence of external factors and inputs (eg, activity, diet, medical therapies) on each domain of molecular characterization has gained prominence toward better understanding their role in prevention. Here, the authors provide a broad overview of the role of several of these molecular domains in human translational investigation in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Nayor
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. https://twitter.com/MattNayor
| | - Svati H Shah
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA. https://twitter.com/SvatiShah
| | - Venkatesh Murthy
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. https://twitter.com/venkmurthy
| | - Ravi V Shah
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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23
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Chen Y, Wang N, Dong X, Zhu J, Chen Y, Jiang Q, Fu C. Associations between serum amino acids and incident type 2 diabetes in Chinese rural adults. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:2416-2425. [PMID: 34158241 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Some amino acids (AAs) may be associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). This study aimed to determine the associations of individual AAs with the development of T2DM in rural Chinese adults. METHODS AND RESULTS A cohort study of 1199 individuals aged 18 years or older was conducted from 2006 to 2008 in a rural community of Deqing, China, a repeated survey was done in 2015 and data linkage with the electronic health records system was performed each year for identifying new T2DM cases. A high-performance liquid chromatography approach was used to measure the baseline serum concentrations of 15 AAs. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the associations between AAs and the risk of incident T2DM. A total of 98 new T2DM cases were identified during the follow-up of 12 years on average. Among 15 AAs, proline was associated with an increased risk of incident T2DM after adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, fasting plasma glucose, family history of T2DM, smoking status, alcohol use, and history of hypertension, the adjusted hazard ratio for 1-standard deviation increment was 1.20 (95% confidence interval: 1.00, 1.43). The association tended to be more marked in subjects younger than 60 years and overweight/obese subjects. Among participants without hypertension, proline and phenylalanine were associated with an increased risk of incident T2DM, while aspartic acid was associated with a decreased risk. CONCLUSION Serum proline was associated with the risk of incident T2DM in rural Chinese adults and might be a potential predictor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Na Wang
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaolian Dong
- Deqing County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Deqing, 313299, China
| | - Jianfu Zhu
- Deqing County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Deqing, 313299, China
| | - Yue Chen
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Qingwu Jiang
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chaowei Fu
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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24
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Alqudah A, Wedyan M, Qnais E, Jawarneh H, McClements L. Plasma Amino Acids Metabolomics' Important in Glucose Management in Type 2 Diabetes. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:695418. [PMID: 34335259 PMCID: PMC8320811 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.695418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The perturbation in plasma free amino acid metabolome has been observed previously in diabetes mellitus, and is associated with insulin resistance as well as the onset of cardiovascular disease in this population. In this study, we investigated, for the first time, changes in the amino acid profile in a group of people with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D) with normal BMI, from Jordan, who were only managed on metformin. Twenty one amino acids were evaluated in plasma samples from 124 people with T2D and 67 healthy controls, matched for age, gender and BMI, using amino acids analyser. Total amino acids, essential amino acids, non-essential amino acids and semi-essential amino acids were similar in T2D compared to healthy controls. Plasma concentrations of four essential amino acids were increased in the presence of T2D (Leucine, p < 0.01, Lysine, p < 0.001, Phenylalanine, p < 0.01, Tryptophan, p < 0.05). On the other hand, in relation to non-essential amino acids, Alanine and Serine were reduced in T2D (p < 0.01, p < 0.001, respectively), whereas Aspartate and Glutamate were increased in T2D compared to healthy controls (p < 0.001, p < 0.01, respectively). A semi-essential amino acid, Cystine, was also increased in T2D compared to healthy controls (p < 0.01). Citrulline, a metabolic indicator amino acid, demonstrated lower plasma concentration in T2D compared to healthy controls (p < 0.01). These amino acids were also correlated with fasting blood glucose and HbA1c (p < 0.05). Glutamate, glycine and arginine were correlated with the duration of metformin treatment (p < 0.05). No amino acid was correlated with lipid profiles. Disturbances in the metabolism of these amino acids are closely implicated in the pathogenesis of T2D and associated cardiovascular disease. Therefore, these perturbed amino acids could be explored as therapeutic targets to improve T2D management and prevent associated cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelrahim Alqudah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Mohammed Wedyan
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Esam Qnais
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Hassan Jawarneh
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Lana McClements
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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25
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Ouyang Y, Qiu G, zhao X, Su B, Feng D, Lv W, Xuan Q, Wang L, Yu D, Wang Q, Lin X, Wu T, Xu G. Metabolome-Genome-Wide Association Study (mGWAS) Reveals Novel Metabolites Associated with Future Type 2 Diabetes Risk and Susceptibility Loci in a Case-Control Study in a Chinese Prospective Cohort. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2021; 5:2000088. [PMID: 33854788 PMCID: PMC8025395 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202000088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In a Chinese prospective cohort, 500 patients with new-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) within 4.61 years and 500 matched healthy participants are selected as case and control groups, and randomized into discovery and validation sets to discover the metabolite changes before T2D onset and the related diabetogenic loci. A serum metabolomics analysis reveals that 81 metabolites changed significantly before T2D onset. Based on binary logistic regression, eight metabolites are defined as a biomarker panel for T2D prediction. Pipecolinic acid, carnitine C14:0, epinephrine and phosphatidylethanolamine 34:2 are first found associated with future T2D. The addition of the biomarker panel to the clinical markers (BMI, triglycerides, and fasting glucose) significantly improves the predictive ability in the discovery and validation sets, respectively. By associating metabolomics with genomics, a significant correlation (p < 5.0 × 10-8) between eicosatetraenoic acid and the FADS1 (rs174559) gene is observed, and suggestive correlations (p < 5.0 × 10-6) between pipecolinic acid and CHRM3 (rs535514), and leucine/isoleucine and WWOX (rs72487966) are discovered. Elevated leucine/isoleucine levels increased the risk of T2D. In conclusion, multiple metabolic dysregulations are observed to occur before T2D onset, and the new biomarker panel can help to predict T2D risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ouyang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical ChemistryDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences457 Zhongshan RoadDalian116023China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Gaokun Qiu
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and HealthSchool of Public HealthTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science & TechnologyWuhanHubei430030China
| | - Xinjie zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical ChemistryDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences457 Zhongshan RoadDalian116023China
| | - Benzhe Su
- School of Computer Science & TechnologyDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China
| | - Disheng Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical ChemistryDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences457 Zhongshan RoadDalian116023China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Wangjie Lv
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical ChemistryDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences457 Zhongshan RoadDalian116023China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Qiuhui Xuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical ChemistryDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences457 Zhongshan RoadDalian116023China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Lichao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical ChemistryDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences457 Zhongshan RoadDalian116023China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Di Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical ChemistryDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences457 Zhongshan RoadDalian116023China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical ChemistryDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences457 Zhongshan RoadDalian116023China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Xiaohui Lin
- School of Computer Science & TechnologyDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China
| | - Tangchun Wu
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and HealthSchool of Public HealthTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science & TechnologyWuhanHubei430030China
| | - Guowang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical ChemistryDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences457 Zhongshan RoadDalian116023China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
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26
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Porcu E, Gilardi F, Darrous L, Yengo L, Bararpour N, Gasser M, Marques-Vidal P, Froguel P, Waeber G, Thomas A, Kutalik Z. Triangulating evidence from longitudinal and Mendelian randomization studies of metabolomic biomarkers for type 2 diabetes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6197. [PMID: 33737653 PMCID: PMC7973501 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85684-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of people affected by Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is close to half a billion and is on a sharp rise, representing a major and growing public health burden. Given its mild initial symptoms, T2DM is often diagnosed several years after its onset, leaving half of diabetic individuals undiagnosed. While several classical clinical and genetic biomarkers have been identified, improving early diagnosis by exploring other kinds of omics data remains crucial. In this study, we have combined longitudinal data from two population-based cohorts CoLaus and DESIR (comprising in total 493 incident cases vs. 1360 controls) to identify new or confirm previously implicated metabolomic biomarkers predicting T2DM incidence more than 5 years ahead of clinical diagnosis. Our longitudinal data have shown robust evidence for valine, leucine, carnitine and glutamic acid being predictive of future conversion to T2DM. We confirmed the causality of such association for leucine by 2-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) based on independent data. Our MR approach further identified new metabolites potentially playing a causal role on T2D, including betaine, lysine and mannose. Interestingly, for valine and leucine a strong reverse causal effect was detected, indicating that the genetic predisposition to T2DM may trigger early changes of these metabolites, which appear well-before any clinical symptoms. In addition, our study revealed a reverse causal effect of metabolites such as glutamic acid and alanine. Collectively, these findings indicate that molecular traits linked to the genetic basis of T2DM may be particularly promising early biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Porcu
- grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland ,grid.419765.80000 0001 2223 3006Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Federica Gilardi
- grid.150338.c0000 0001 0721 9812Unit of Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry, CURML, Lausanne University Hospital and Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland ,grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Faculty Unit of Toxicology, CURML, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Liza Darrous
- grid.419765.80000 0001 2223 3006Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland ,grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Loic Yengo
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nasim Bararpour
- grid.150338.c0000 0001 0721 9812Unit of Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry, CURML, Lausanne University Hospital and Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland ,grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Faculty Unit of Toxicology, CURML, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie Gasser
- grid.150338.c0000 0001 0721 9812Unit of Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry, CURML, Lausanne University Hospital and Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland ,grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Faculty Unit of Toxicology, CURML, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Froguel
- grid.410463.40000 0004 0471 8845Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Université de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France ,grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Department of Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Gerard Waeber
- grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aurelien Thomas
- grid.150338.c0000 0001 0721 9812Unit of Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry, CURML, Lausanne University Hospital and Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland ,grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Faculty Unit of Toxicology, CURML, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Zoltán Kutalik
- grid.419765.80000 0001 2223 3006Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland ,grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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27
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Luna C, Arjona A, Dueñas C, Estevez M. Allysine and α-Aminoadipic Acid as Markers of the Glyco-Oxidative Damage to Human Serum Albumin under Pathological Glucose Concentrations. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:474. [PMID: 33802856 PMCID: PMC8002732 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the molecular basis of the disease is of the utmost scientific interest as it contributes to the development of targeted strategies of prevention, diagnosis, and therapy. Protein carbonylation is a typical feature of glyco-oxidative stress and takes place in health disorders such as diabetes. Allysine as well as its oxidation product, the α-amino adipic acid (α-AA) have been found to be markers of diabetes risk whereas little is known about the chemistry involved in its formation under hyperglycemic conditions. To provide insight into this issue, human serum albumin was incubated in the presence of FeCl3 (25 μM) and increasing glucose concentrations for 32 h at 37 °C. These concentrations were selected to simulate (i) physiological fasting plasma concentration (4 mM), (ii) pathological pre-diabetes fasting plasma concentration (8 mM), and pathological diabetes fasting plasma concentration (12 mM) of glucose. While both allysine and α-AA were found to increase with increasing glucose concentrations, the carboxylic acid was only detected at pathological glucose concentrations and appeared to be a more reliable indicator of glyco-oxidative stress. The underlying chemical mechanisms of lysine glycation as well as of the depletion of tryptophan and formation of fluorescent and colored advanced glycation products are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Luna
- Emergency unit, Hospital Nuestra Señora de la Montaña, Servicio Extremeño de Salud, Gobierno de Extremadura, 10002 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Alexis Arjona
- Family and Community Medicine, Servicio Extremeño de Salud, Gobierno de Extremadura, 10002 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Carmen Dueñas
- Gastroenterology unit, Hospital Universitario Cáceres, Servicio Extremeño de Salud, Gobierno de Extremadura, 10002 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Mario Estevez
- Meat and Meat Products Research Institute (IPROCAR), Food Technology, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
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28
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Venturini E, Gilchrist S, Corsi E, DI Lorenzo A, Cuomo G, D'Ambrosio G, Pacileo M, D'Andrea A, Canale ML, Iannuzzo G, Sarullo FM, Vigorito C, Barni S, Giallauria F. The core components of cardio-oncology rehabilitation. Panminerva Med 2021; 63:170-183. [PMID: 33528152 DOI: 10.23736/s0031-0808.21.04303-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The increased efficacy of cancer therapy has resulted in greater cancer survival and increasing number of people with cancer and cardiovascular diseases. The sharing of risk factors, the bidirectional relationship between cancer and cardiovascular diseases and the cardiotoxic effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, are the cause of the rapid expansion of cardio-oncology. All strategies to preserve cardiovascular health and mitigate the negative effect of cancer therapy, by reducing the cardiovascular risk, must be pursued to enable the timely and complete delivery of anticancer therapy and to achieve the longest remission of the disease. Comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation is an easy-to-use model, even in cancer care, and is the basis of Cardio-Oncology REhabilitation (CORE), an exercise-based multi-component intervention. In addition, CORE, besides using the rationale and knowledge of cardiac rehabilitation, can leverage the network of cardiac rehabilitation services to offer to cancer patients exercise programs, control of risk factors, psychological support, and nutrition counseling. The core components of CORE will be discussed, describing the beneficial effect on cardiorespiratory fitness, quality of life, psychological and physical well-being, and weight management. Furthermore, particular attention will be paid to how CORE can counterbalance the negative effect of therapies in those at heightened cardiovascular risk after a cancer diagnosis. Barriers for implementation, including personal, family, social and of the health care system barriers for a widespread diffusion of the CORE will also be discussed. Finally, there will be a call-to-action, for randomized clinical trials that can test the impact of CORE, on morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elio Venturini
- Unit of Cardiac Rehabilitation, AUSL Toscana Nord-Ovest, Cecina Civil Hospital, Cecina, Livorno, Italy -
| | - Susan Gilchrist
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, Anderson Cancer Center, the University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Cardiology, Anderson Cancer Center, the University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Elisabetta Corsi
- Unit of Cardiac Rehabilitation, AUSL Toscana Nord-Ovest, Cecina Civil Hospital, Cecina, Livorno, Italy
| | - Anna DI Lorenzo
- Division of Internal Medicine and Cardiac Rehabilitation, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Cuomo
- Division of Internal Medicine and Cardiac Rehabilitation, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe D'Ambrosio
- Division of Internal Medicine and Cardiac Rehabilitation, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Pacileo
- Unit of Cardiology and Intensive Care, Umberto I Hospital, Nocera Inferiore, Salerno, Italy
| | - Antonello D'Andrea
- Unit of Cardiology and Intensive Care, Umberto I Hospital, Nocera Inferiore, Salerno, Italy
| | - Maria L Canale
- Department of Cardiology, AUSL Toscana Nord-Ovest, Versilia Hospital, Lido di Camaiore, Lucca, Italy
| | - Gabriella Iannuzzo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Filippo M Sarullo
- Unit of Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, Buccheri La Ferla Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - Carlo Vigorito
- Division of Internal Medicine and Cardiac Rehabilitation, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Sandro Barni
- Department of Oncology, ASST Bergamo Ovest, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Francesco Giallauria
- Division of Internal Medicine and Cardiac Rehabilitation, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, Australia
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29
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Naghshi S, Sadeghi O, Willett WC, Esmaillzadeh A. Dietary intake of total, animal, and plant proteins and risk of all cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. BMJ 2020; 370:m2412. [PMID: 32699048 PMCID: PMC7374797 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.m2412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine and quantify the potential dose-response relation between intake of total, animal, and plant protein and the risk of mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science until December 2019, and references of retrieved relevant articles. STUDY SELECTION Prospective cohort studies that reported the risk estimates for all cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality in adults aged 18 or older. DATA SYNTHESIS Random effects models were used to calculate pooled effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals for the highest versus lowest categories of protein intake and to incorporate variation between studies. Linear and non-linear dose-response analyses were done to evaluate the dose-response relations between protein intake and mortality. RESULTS 32 prospective cohort studies were included in the systematic review and 31 in the meta-analysis. During the follow-up period of 3.5 to 32 years, 113 039 deaths (16 429 from cardiovascular disease and 22 303 from cancer) occurred among 715 128 participants. Intake of total protein was associated with a lower risk of all cause mortality (pooled effect size 0.94, 95% confidence interval 0.89 to 0.99, I2=58.4%, P<0.001). Intake of plant protein was significantly associated with a lower risk of all cause mortality (pooled effect size 0.92, 95% confidence interval 0.87 to 0.97, I2=57.5%, P=0.003) and cardiovascular disease mortality (pooled hazard ratio 0.88, 95% confidence interval 0.80 to 0.96, I2=63.7%, P=0.001), but not with cancer mortality. Intake of total and animal protein was not significantly associated with risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality. A dose-response analysis showed a significant inverse dose-response association between intake of plant protein and all cause mortality (P=0.05 for non-linearity). An additional 3% energy from plant proteins a day was associated with a 5% lower risk of death from all causes. CONCLUSIONS Higher intake of total protein was associated with a lower risk of all cause mortality, and intake of plant protein was associated with a lower risk of all cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. Replacement of foods high in animal protein with plant protein sources could be associated with longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Naghshi
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Sadeghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Walter C Willett
- Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Centre, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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30
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Katakami N, Omori K, Taya N, Arakawa S, Takahara M, Matsuoka TA, Tsugawa H, Furuno M, Bamba T, Fukusaki E, Shimomura I. Plasma metabolites associated with arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2020; 19:75. [PMID: 32527273 PMCID: PMC7291560 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-020-01057-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although an increased arterial stiffness has been associated with traditional coronary risk factors, the risk factors and pathology of arterial stiffness remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to identify the plasma metabolites associated with arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS We used the metabolomic data of 209 patients with type 2 diabetes as the first dataset for screening. To form the second dataset for validation, we enlisted an additional 31 individuals with type 2 diabetes. The non-targeted metabolome analysis of fasting plasma samples using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and the measurement of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) were performed. RESULTS A total of 65 annotated metabolites were detected. In the screening dataset, there were statistically significant associations between the baPWV and plasma levels of indoxyl sulfate (r = 0.226, p = 0.001), mannitol (r = 0.178, p = 0.010), mesoerythritol (r = 0.234, p = 0.001), and pyroglutamic acid (r = 0.182, p = 0.008). Multivariate regression analyses revealed that the plasma levels of mesoerythritol were significantly (β = 0.163, p = 0.025) and that of indoxyl sulfate were marginally (β = 0.124, p = 0.076) associated with baPWV, even after adjusting for traditional coronary risk factors. In the independent validation dataset, there was a statistically significant association between the baPWV and plasma levels of indoxyl sulfate (r = 0.430, p = 0.016). However, significant associations between the baPWV and plasma levels of the other three metabolites were not confirmed. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The plasma levels of indoxyl sulfate were associated with arterial stiffness in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. Although the plasma levels of mannitol, mesoerythritol, and pyroglutamic acid were also associated with arterial stiffness, further investigation is needed to verify the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Katakami
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. .,Department of Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Kazuo Omori
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naohiro Taya
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shoya Arakawa
- Laboratory of Bioresource Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Takahara
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Diabetes Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Taka-Aki Matsuoka
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tsugawa
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiro Furuno
- Laboratory of Bioresource Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Bamba
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Fukusaki
- Laboratory of Bioresource Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Iichiro Shimomura
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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