1
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Zhou YD, Komnick MR, Sepulveda F, Liu G, Nieves-Ortiz E, Meador K, Ndatabaye O, Fatkhullina A, Bozicevich A, Juengel B, Wu-Woods NJ, Naydenkov PM, Kent J, Christiansen N, Madariaga ML, Witkowski P, Ismagilov RF, Esterházy D. Inducible, but not constitutive, pancreatic REG/Reg isoforms are regulated by intestinal microbiota and pancreatic diseases. Mucosal Immunol 2025:S1933-0219(25)00050-9. [PMID: 40398680 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2025] [Accepted: 05/09/2025] [Indexed: 05/23/2025]
Abstract
The REG/Reg gene locus encodes a conserved family of potent antimicrobial but also pancreatitis-associated proteins. Here we investigated whether REG/Reg family members differ in their baseline expression levels and abilities to be regulated in the pancreas and gut upon perturbations. We found, in humans and mice, the pancreas and gut differed in REG/Reg isoform levels and preferences, with the duodenum most resembling the pancreas. Pancreatic acinar cells and intestinal enterocytes were the dominant REG producers. Intestinal symbiotic microbes regulated the expression of the same, select Reg members in gut and pancreas. These Reg members had the most STAT3-binding sites close to the transcription start sites and were partially IL-22 dependent. We thus categorized them as "inducible" and others as "constitutive". Indeed, in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and pancreatitis models, only inducible Reg members were upregulated in the pancreas. While intestinal Reg expression remained unchanged upon pancreatic perturbation, pancreatitis altered the microbial composition of the duodenum and feces shortly after disease onset. Our study reveals differential usage and regulation of REG/Reg isoforms as a mechanism for tissue-specific innate immunity, highlights the intimate connection of pancreas and duodenum, and implies a gut-to-pancreas communication axis resulting in a coordinated Reg response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan D Zhou
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Macy R Komnick
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Grace Liu
- The College, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elida Nieves-Ortiz
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kelsey Meador
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Aliia Fatkhullina
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Asha Bozicevich
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Braden Juengel
- The Transplantation Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Natalie J Wu-Woods
- Biology and Bioengineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Paulina M Naydenkov
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA
| | - Johnathan Kent
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | - Piotr Witkowski
- The Transplantation Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rustem F Ismagilov
- Biology and Bioengineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA; Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA
| | - Daria Esterházy
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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2
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Lisicka W, Earley ZM, Sifakis JJ, Erickson SA, Mattingly JR, Wu-Woods NJ, Krishnamurthy SR, Belkaid Y, Ismagilov RF, Cyster JG, Riesenfeld SJ, Bendelac A, Jabri B. Immunoglobulin A controls intestinal virus colonization to preserve immune homeostasis. Cell Host Microbe 2025; 33:498-511.e10. [PMID: 40154490 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2025.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 11/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2025] [Indexed: 04/01/2025]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the predominant immunoglobulin isotype in mammals, primarily secreted at type I mucosal surfaces. Despite its abundance, the precise role of secretory IgA in the intestinal lumen, where it coats a diverse array of commensal microbiota, has remained elusive. Our study reveals that germinal center IgA responses are essential for preventing chronic colonization of the gut by specific viruses. In the absence of IgA, chronic viral colonization triggers an antigen-driven expansion of CD8αβ+ intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs). Although these IELs are unable to clear the virus, they contribute to maintaining homeostasis by regulating its load and type I interferon responses. Consequently, IgA deficiency increases susceptibility to colitis in genetically susceptible hosts or following chemical induction but only in the presence of viral pathobionts requiring IgA for their clearance. These findings underscore the potential vulnerability of IgA-deficient individuals to immunopathology when exposed to selective viral pathobionts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioletta Lisicka
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zachary M Earley
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joseph J Sifakis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Steven A Erickson
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jonathan R Mattingly
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Natalie J Wu-Woods
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Siddharth R Krishnamurthy
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yasmine Belkaid
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rustem F Ismagilov
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA; Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Jason G Cyster
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Samantha J Riesenfeld
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Albert Bendelac
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bana Jabri
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Paris City University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.
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3
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Li Q, Wang X, Ma C, Onyango S, Wu W, Gao H, Li Q. Foxtail millet bran dietary fibres foster in vitro beneficial gut microbes and metabolites while suppressing pathobionts. Food Chem 2025; 464:141933. [PMID: 39522384 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.141933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 10/31/2024] [Accepted: 11/04/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
Foxtail millet bran soluble dietary fibre (MBSDF) is a dietary compound with various bioactivities, potentially modulated by the gut microbiota. To elucidate this bioregulatory mechanism, this study focused on the structureal composition and in vitro fermentation characteristics of MBSDF. The results revealed that MBSDF has a molecular weight of 18.26 kDa. The main chain is connected through a glycosidic bond in the form of →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → 4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, being branched by →4, 6)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → O-6 and →3, 4)-β-D-Xylp-(1 → O3 bonds. After 24 h fermentation, the carbohydrate utilisation rate reached 59.15 %, with a decreased molecular weight and monosaccharide composition molar mass ratio. Meanwhile, a increase was observed in the short-chain fatty acid, accompanied by an increased relative abundance of Faecalibacterium, Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus and suppressed growth of pathogenic Enterococcus. Interestingly, the modulation of gut homeostasis probably occurs via butyrate metabolism pathway. Collectively, MBSDF can selectively regulate the gut microbiota and their metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Xiaowen Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China.
| | - Chuanlong Ma
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41, B4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stanley Onyango
- Aga Khan University, Nairobi, 3(rd) Parklands, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Weijie Wu
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Haiyan Gao
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Qiqiong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
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4
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Pratt ML, Plumb AN, Manjrekar A, Cardona LM, Chan CK, John JM, Sadler KE. Microbiome contributions to pain: a review of the preclinical literature. Pain 2025; 166:262-281. [PMID: 39258679 PMCID: PMC11723818 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Over the past 2 decades, the microbiome has received increasing attention for the role that it plays in health and disease. Historically, the gut microbiome was of particular interest to pain scientists studying nociplastic visceral pain conditions given the anatomical juxtaposition of these microorganisms and the neuroimmune networks that drive pain in such diseases. More recently, microbiomes both inside and across the surface of the body have been recognized for driving sensory symptoms in a broader set of diseases. Microbiomes have never been a more popular topic in pain research, but to date, there has not been a systematic review of the preclinical microbiome pain literature. In this article, we identified all animal studies in which both the microbiome was manipulated and pain behaviors were measured. Our analysis included 303 unique experiments across 97 articles. Microbiome manipulation methods and behavioral outcomes were recorded for each experiment so that field-wide trends could be quantified and reported. This review specifically details the animal species, injury models, behavior measures, and microbiome manipulations used in preclinical pain research. From this analysis, we were also able to conclude how manipulations of the microbiome alter pain thresholds in naïve animals and persistent pain intensity and duration in cutaneous and visceral pain models. This review summarizes by identifying existing gaps in the literature and providing recommendations for how to best plan, implement, and interpret data collected in preclinical microbiome pain experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- McKenna L Pratt
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States
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5
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Yin L, Yang M, Teng A, Ni C, Wang P, Tang S. Unraveling Microplastic Effects on Gut Microbiota across Various Animals Using Machine Learning. ACS NANO 2025; 19:369-380. [PMID: 39723918 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c07885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics, rapidly expanding and durable pollutant, have been shown to significantly impact gut microbiota across a spectrum of animal species. However, comprehensive analyses comparing microplastic effects on gut microbiota among these species are still limited, and the critical factors driving these effects remain to be clarified. To address these issues, we compiled 1352 gut microbiota samples from six animal categories, employing machine learning to conduct an in-depth meta-analysis. Our study revealed that mice, compared with other animals, not only exhibit a heightened susceptibility to the toxic effects of microplastics─evidenced by decreased gut microbiota diversity, increased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratios, destabilized microbial networks, and disruption in the equilibrium of beneficial and harmful bacteria─but also possess limited potential to degrade microplastics, unlike earthworms and insects. Furthermore, machine learning models confirmed that exposure duration is the key factor driving changes induced by microplastics in gut microbiota. We also identified Lactobacillus, Helicobacter, and Pseudomonas as potential biomarkers for detecting microplastic toxicity in the animal gut. Overall, these findings provide valuable insights into the health risks and driving factors associated with microplastic exposure across multiple animal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzi Yin
- Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering Thrust, Systems Hub, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, Guangdong 511453, China
| | - Minghao Yang
- Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering Thrust, Systems Hub, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, Guangdong 511453, China
| | - Anqi Teng
- Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering Thrust, Systems Hub, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, Guangdong 511453, China
| | - Can Ni
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Pandeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Shaojun Tang
- Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering Thrust, Systems Hub, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, Guangdong 511453, China
- Division of Emerging Interdisciplinary Areas, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR 999077 China
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6
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Wang J, Wang X, Zhuo E, Chen B, Chan S. Gut‑liver axis in liver disease: From basic science to clinical treatment (Review). Mol Med Rep 2025; 31:10. [PMID: 39450549 PMCID: PMC11541166 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Incidence of a number of liver diseases has increased. Gut microbiota serves a role in the pathogenesis of hepatitis, cirrhosis and liver cancer. Gut microbiota is considered 'a new virtual metabolic organ'. The interaction between the gut microbiota and liver is termed the gut‑liver axis. The gut‑liver axis provides a novel research direction for mechanism of liver disease development. The present review discusses the role of the gut‑liver axis and how this can be targeted by novel treatments for common liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianpeng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The First Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Enba Zhuo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Bangjie Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Shixin Chan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
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7
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Zhou Y, Komnick MR, Sepulveda F, Liu G, Nieves-Ortiz E, Meador K, Ndatabaye O, Fatkhullina A, Wu-Woods NJ, Naydenkov PM, Kent J, Christiansen N, Madariaga ML, Witkowski P, Ismagilov RF, Esterházy D. Inducible, but not constitutive, pancreatic REG/Reg isoforms are regulated by intestinal microbiota and pancreatic diseases. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.10.18.619139. [PMID: 39484594 PMCID: PMC11526982 DOI: 10.1101/2024.10.18.619139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2024]
Abstract
The REG / Reg gene locus encodes for a conserved family of potent antimicrobial but also pancreatitis-associated proteins. Here we investigated whether REG/Reg family members differ in their baseline expression levels and abilities to be regulated in the pancreas and gut upon perturbations. We found, in human and mouse, pancreas and gut differed in REG / Reg isoform levels and preferences, with duodenum most resembling the pancreas. Pancreatic acinar cells and intestinal enterocytes were the dominant REG producers. Intestinal symbiotic microbes regulated the expression of the same, select Reg members in gut and pancreas. These Reg members had the most STAT3-binding sites close to the transcription start sites and were partially IL-22 dependent. We thus categorized them as "inducible" and others as "constitutive". Indeed, also in models of pancreatic-ductal adenocarcinoma and pancreatitis, only inducible Reg members were upregulated in pancreas. While intestinal Reg expression remained unchanged upon pancreatic perturbation, pancreatitis altered the microbial composition of the duodenum and feces shortly after disease onset. Our study reveals differential usage and regulation of REG / Reg isoforms as a mechanism for tissue-specific innate immunity, highlights the intimate connection of pancreas and duodenum, and implies a gut-to-pancreas communication axis resulting in a coordinated Reg response.
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8
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Capocchi JK, Figueroa-Romero C, Dunham SJB, Faraci G, Rothman JA, Whiteson KL, Seo DO, Holtzman DM, Grabrucker S, Nolan YM, Kaddurah-Daouk R, Jett DA. Symposium: What Does the Microbiome Tell Us about Prevention and Treatment of AD/ADRD? J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1295242024. [PMID: 39384409 PMCID: PMC11466070 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1295-24.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Alzheimer's disease-related dementias (ADRDs) are broad-impact multifactorial neurodegenerative diseases. Their complexity presents unique challenges for developing effective therapies. This review highlights research presented at the 2024 Society for Neuroscience meeting which emphasized the gut microbiome's role in AD pathogenesis by influencing brain function and neurodegeneration through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. This emerging evidence underscores the potential for targeting the gut microbiota to treat AD/ADRD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gina Faraci
- University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697
| | - Jason A Rothman
- University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697
- University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - Dong-Oh Seo
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - David M Holtzman
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - Stefanie Grabrucker
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork T12 XF62, Ireland
| | - Yvonne M Nolan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork T12 XF62, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland
| | | | - David A Jett
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Rockville, Maryland 20852
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9
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Yang S, Tong L, Li X, Zhang Y, Chen H, Zhang W, Zhang H, Chen Y, Chen R. A novel clinically relevant human fecal microbial transplantation model in humanized mice. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0043624. [PMID: 39162553 PMCID: PMC11448399 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00436-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The intact immune system of mice exhibits resistance to colonization by exogenous microorganisms, but the gut microbiota profiles of the humanized mice and the patterns of human fecal microbiota colonization remain unexplored. Humanized NCG (huNCG) mice were constructed by injected CD34 +stem cells. 16S rRNA sequencing and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) technologies were used to detect the differences in microbiota and selective colonization ability for exogenous community colonization among three mice cohorts (C57BL/6J, NCG, and huNCG). Flow cytometry analysis showed that all huNCG mice had over 25% hCD45 +in peripheral blood. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that compared with NCG mice, the gut microbiota of huNCG mice were significantly altered. After FMT, the principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) showed that the gut microbial composition of huNCG mice (huNCG-D9) was similar to that of donors. The relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were significantly increased in huNCG mice compared to NCG mice. Further comparison of ASV sequences revealed that Bacteroides plebeius, Bacteroides finegoldii, Escherichia fergusonii, Escherichia albertii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Klebsiella variicola exhibited higher abundance and stability in huNCG mice after FMT. Furthermore, PICRUSt2 analysis showed that huNCG mice had significantly enhanced metabolism and immunity. This study demonstrated that humanized mice are more conducive to colonization within the human gut microbiota, which provides a good method for studying the association between human diseases and microbiota.IMPORTANCEThe gut microbiota and biomarkers of humanized mice are systematically revealed for the first time. The finding that human fecal microbiota colonize humanized mice more stably provides new insights into the study of interactions between immune responses and gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linglin Tong
- College of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - He Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Renjin Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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10
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Oguri N, Miyoshi J, Nishinarita Y, Wada H, Nemoto N, Hibi N, Kawamura N, Miyoshi S, Lee STM, Matsuura M, Osaki T, Hisamatsu T. Akkermansia muciniphila in the small intestine improves liver fibrosis in a murine liver cirrhosis model. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2024; 10:81. [PMID: 39285193 PMCID: PMC11405509 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00564-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that liver cirrhosis (LC) is a reversible condition, but there is no established intervention against liver fibrosis. Although the gut microbiota is considered involved in the pathogenesis of LC, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Although the antibiotic, rifaximin (RFX), is effective for hepatic encephalopathy (HE) with LC, the impact of RFX on intestinal bacteria is unknown. We investigated the bacterial compositions along the GI tract under RFX treatment using a murine LC model. RFX improved liver fibrosis and hyperammonemia and altered the bacterial composition in the small intestine. The efficacy of RFX was associated with increases in specific bacterial genera, including Akkermansia. Administration of a commensal strain of Akkermansia muciniphila improved liver fibrosis and hyperammonemia with changing bacterial composition in the small intestine. This study proposed a new concept "small intestine-liver axis" in the pathophysiology of LC and oral A. muciniphila administration is a promising microbial intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriaki Oguri
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Miyoshi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yuu Nishinarita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruka Wada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuki Nemoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noritaka Hibi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naohiro Kawamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sawako Miyoshi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sonny T M Lee
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Minoru Matsuura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takako Osaki
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadakazu Hisamatsu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan.
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11
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Beekman CN, Penumutchu S, Peterson R, Han G, Belenky M, Hasan MH, Belenky A, Beura LK, Belenky P. Spatial analysis of murine microbiota and bile acid metabolism during amoxicillin treatment. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114572. [PMID: 39116202 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics cause collateral damage to resident microbes that is associated with various health risks. To date, studies have largely focused on the impacts of antibiotics on large intestinal and fecal microbiota. Here, we employ a gastrointestinal (GI) tract-wide integrated multiomic approach to show that amoxicillin (AMX) treatment reduces bacterial abundance, bile salt hydrolase activity, and unconjugated bile acids in the small intestine (SI). Losses of fatty acids (FAs) and increases in acylcarnitines in the large intestine (LI) correspond with spatially distinct expansions of Proteobacteria. Parasutterella excrementihominis engage in FA biosynthesis in the SI, while multiple Klebsiella species employ FA oxidation during expansion in the LI. We subsequently demonstrate that restoration of unconjugated bile acids can mitigate losses of commensals in the LI while also inhibiting the expansion of Proteobacteria during AMX treatment. These results suggest that the depletion of bile acids and lipids may contribute to AMX-induced dysbiosis in the lower GI tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chapman N Beekman
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
| | - Swathi Penumutchu
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Rachel Peterson
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Geongoo Han
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Marina Belenky
- Felicitex Therapeutics Inc., 27 Strathmore Road, Natick, MA 01760, USA
| | - Mohammad H Hasan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Alexei Belenky
- Felicitex Therapeutics Inc., 27 Strathmore Road, Natick, MA 01760, USA
| | - Lalit K Beura
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Peter Belenky
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
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Pieczyńska-Zając JM, Malinowska AM, Pruszyńska-Oszmałek E, Kołodziejski PA, Drzymała-Czyż S, Bajerska J. Effect of a high-fat high-fructose diet on the composition of the intestinal microbiota and its association with metabolic and anthropometric parameters in a letrozole-induced mouse model of polycystic ovary syndrome. Nutrition 2024; 124:112450. [PMID: 38669829 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It has been suggested that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), and that improper diet can aggravate these changes. This study thus aimed to investigate the effects of a high-fat/high-fructose (HF/HFr) diet on the gut microbial community and their metabolites in prepubertal female mice with letrozole (LET)-induced PCOS. We also tested the correlations between the relative abundance of microbial taxa and selected PCOS parameters. RESEARCH METHODS & PROCEDURES Thirty-two C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups (n = 8) and implanted with LET or a placebo, with simultaneous administration of a HF/HFr diet or standard diet (StD) for 5 wk. The blood and intestinal contents were collected after the sacrifice. RESULTS Placebo + HF/HFr and LET + HF/HFr had significantly higher microbial alpha diversity than either group fed StD. The LET-implanted mice fed StD had a significantly higher abundance of Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 than the placebo mice fed StD. Both groups fed the HF/HFr diet had significantly lower fecal levels of short-chain fatty acids than the placebo mice fed StD, while the LET + HF/HFr animals had significantly higher concentrations of lipopolysaccharides in blood serum than either the placebo or LET mice fed StD. Opposite correlations were observed between Turicibacter and Lactobacillus and the lipid profile, CONCLUSION: HF/HFr diet had a much stronger effect on the composition of the intestinal microbiota of prepubertal mice than LET itself.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Maria Malinowska
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ewa Pruszyńska-Oszmałek
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Paweł Antoni Kołodziejski
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Joanna Bajerska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
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13
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Jiang ST, Sun YH, Li Y, Wang MQ, Wang XY, Dong YF. Gut microbiota is necessary for pair-housing to protect against post-stroke depression in mice. Exp Neurol 2024; 378:114834. [PMID: 38789022 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The goal of this study is to investigate the role of microbiota-gut-brain axis involved in the protective effect of pair-housing on post-stroke depression (PSD). PSD model was induced by occluding the middle cerebral artery (MCAO) plus restraint stress for four weeks. At three days after MCAO, the mice were restrained 2 h per day. For pair-housing (PH), each mouse was pair housed with a healthy isosexual cohabitor for four weeks. While in the other PH group, their drinking water was replaced with antibiotic water. On day 35 to day 40, anxiety- and depression-like behaviors (sucrose consumption, open field test, forced swim test, and tail-suspension test) were conducted. Results showed pair-housed mice had better performance on anxiety- and depression-like behaviors than the PSD mice, and the richness and diversity of intestinal flora were also improved. However, drinking antibiotic water reversed the effects of pair-housing. Furthermore, pair-housing had an obvious improvement in gut barrier disorder and inflammation caused by PSD. Particularly, they showed significant decreases in CD8 lymphocytes and mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-a, IL-1β and IL-6), while IL-10 mRNA was upregulated. In addition, pair-housing significantly reduced activated microglia and increased Nissl's body in the hippocampus of PSD mice. However, all these improvements were worse in the pair-housed mice administrated with antibiotic water. We conclude that pair-housing significantly improves PSD in association with enhanced functions of microbiota-gut-brain axis, and homeostasis of gut microbiota is indispensable for the protective effect of pair-housing on PSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Ting Jiang
- Department of Medical Care, School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yao-Huan Sun
- Department of Medical Care, School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ya Li
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Meng-Qing Wang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xu-Yang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Yin-Feng Dong
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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14
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Mühlen S, Heroven AK, Elxnat B, Kahl S, Pieper DH, Dersch P. Infection and antibiotic-associated changes in the fecal microbiota of C. rodentium ϕ stx2dact-infected C57BL/6 mice. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2024; 68:e0005724. [PMID: 38526080 PMCID: PMC11064522 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00057-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli causes watery to bloody diarrhea, which may progress to hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic-uremic syndrome. While early studies suggested that antibiotic treatment may worsen the pathology of an enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) infection, recent work has shown that certain non-Shiga toxin-inducing antibiotics avert disease progression. Unfortunately, both intestinal bacterial infections and antibiotic treatment are associated with dysbiosis. This can alleviate colonization resistance, facilitate secondary infections, and potentially lead to more severe illness. To address the consequences in the context of an EHEC infection, we used the established mouse infection model organism Citrobacter rodentium ϕstx2dact and monitored changes in fecal microbiota composition during infection and antibiotic treatment. C. rodentium ϕstx2dact infection resulted in minor changes compared to antibiotic treatment. The infection caused clear alterations in the microbial community, leading mainly to a reduction of Muribaculaceae and a transient increase in Enterobacteriaceae distinct from Citrobacter. Antibiotic treatments of the infection resulted in marked and distinct variations in microbiota composition, diversity, and dispersion. Enrofloxacin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, which did not prevent Shiga toxin-mediated organ damage, had the least disruptive effects on the intestinal microbiota, while kanamycin and tetracycline, which rapidly cleared the infection without causing organ damage, caused a severe reduction in diversity. Kanamycin treatment resulted in the depletion of all but Bacteroidetes genera, whereas tetracycline effects on Clostridia were less severe. Together, these data highlight the need to address the impact of individual antibiotics in the clinical care of life-threatening infections and consider microbiota-regenerating therapies.IMPORTANCEUnderstanding the impact of antibiotic treatment on EHEC infections is crucial for appropriate clinical care. While discouraged by early studies, recent findings suggest certain antibiotics can impede disease progression. Here, we investigated the impact of individual antibiotics on the fecal microbiota in the context of an established EHEC mouse model using C. rodentium ϕstx2dact. The infection caused significant variations in the microbiota, leading to a transient increase in Enterobacteriaceae distinct from Citrobacter. However, these effects were minor compared to those observed for antibiotic treatments. Indeed, antibiotics that most efficiently cleared the infection also had the most detrimental effect on the fecal microbiota, causing a substantial reduction in microbial diversity. Conversely, antibiotics showing adverse effects or incomplete bacterial clearance had a reduced impact on microbiota composition and diversity. Taken together, our findings emphasize the delicate balance required to weigh the harmful effects of infection and antibiosis in treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Mühlen
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute of Infectiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site HZI, Braunschweig, and associated site University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ann Kathrin Heroven
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- Microbial Interactions and Processes, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Bettina Elxnat
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Silke Kahl
- Microbial Interactions and Processes, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dietmar H. Pieper
- Microbial Interactions and Processes, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Petra Dersch
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute of Infectiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site HZI, Braunschweig, and associated site University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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15
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Liu Y, Tu J, Shi L, Fang Z, Fan M, Zhang J, Ding L, Chen Y, Wang Y, Zhang E, Xu S, Sharma N, Gillece JD, Reining LJ, Jin L, Huang W. CYP8B1 downregulation mediates the metabolic effects of vertical sleeve gastrectomy in mice. Hepatology 2024; 79:1005-1018. [PMID: 37820064 PMCID: PMC11006827 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Although the benefits of vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) surgery are well known, the molecular mechanisms by which VSG alleviates obesity and its complications remain unclear. We aim to determine the role of CYP8B1 (cytochrome P450, family 8, subfamily B, polypeptide 1) in mediating the metabolic benefits of VSG. APPROACH AND RESULTS We found that expression of CYP8B1, a key enzyme in controlling the 12α-hydroxylated (12α-OH) bile acid (BA) to non-12α-OH BA ratio, was strongly downregulated after VSG. Using genetic mouse models of CYP8B1 overexpression, knockdown, and knockout, we demonstrated that overexpression of CYP8B1 dampened the metabolic improvements associated with VSG. In contrast, short hairpin RNA-mediated CYP8B1 knockdown improved metabolism similar to those observed after VSG. Cyp8b1 deficiency diminished the metabolic effects of VSG. Further, VSG-induced alterations to the 12α-OH/non-12α-OH BA ratio in the BA pool depended on CYP8B1 expression level. Consequently, intestinal lipid absorption was restricted, and the gut microbiota (GM) profile was altered. Fecal microbiota transplantation from wild type-VSG mice (vs. fecal microbiota transplantation from wild-type-sham mice) improved metabolism in recipient mice, while there were no differences between mice that received fecal microbiota transplantation from knockout-sham and knockout-VSG mice. CONCLUSIONS CYP8B1 is a critical downstream target of VSG. Modulation of BA composition and gut microbiota profile by targeting CYP8B1 may provide novel insight into the development of therapies that noninvasively mimic bariatric surgery to treat obesity and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Liu
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Research Center of Lipid and Vegetable Protein, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jui Tu
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Science, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Linsen Shi
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Zhipeng Fang
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Mingjie Fan
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Biostatistics and Mathematical Oncology Core, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Lili Ding
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Yiqiang Chen
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Yangmeng Wang
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Eryun Zhang
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Senlin Xu
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Science, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Nisha Sharma
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - John D. Gillece
- Pathogen and Microbiome Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Lauren J. Reining
- Pathogen and Microbiome Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Lihua Jin
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Wendong Huang
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Science, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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16
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Feng C, Li N, Gao G, He Q, Kwok LY, Zhang H. Dynamic Changes of the Gut Microbiota and Its Functional Metagenomic Potential during the Development of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3768. [PMID: 38612577 PMCID: PMC11011768 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays a significant role in tumor pathogenesis by regulating the host metabolism and immune response, and there are few studies focused on tracking changes in the gut microbiota from the onset of lung cancer. Therefore, the aim of our study is combining preclinical and clinical research to thoroughly analyze the signatures of fecal microbiota in lung cancer, which will be useful for early diagnosis and predicting the therapeutic efficacy of lung cancer. The first part of this study analyzed the fecal metagenomic differences between patients with non-small cell lung cancer and healthy subjects, and the second part of this work constructed a murine lung cancer model to monitor changes in mouse fecal metagenomics and T cell immunology during lung cancer progression. We found that the fecal microbiota was altered in both humans and mice with lung cancer, characterized by a significantly reduced microbial diversity and number of beneficial microbes, with increases in potential pathogens. The fecal level of Akkermansia muciniphila and the gut metabolic module of the secondary bile acid metabolism were diminished in both humans and mice with lung cancer compared with healthy subjects. Splenomegaly was observed in the lung cancer mice. Flow cytometer analysis of the splenocytes revealed substantial alterations in the proportions of T cell subsets in the lung cancer mice, characterized by significant increases in CD4+Foxp3+CD25+ T regulatory cells (p < 0.05) while significant decreases in CD3+ T cells (p < 0.001), CD4+ T cells (p < 0.001), and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio (p < 0.01). Vertical and longitudinal analyses of the fecal microbiota of the two mouse groups identified some lung cancer biomarkers (including Acutalibacter timonensis, Lachnospiraceae bacterium NSJ-38 sp014337195, etc.). The fecal microbiota of the lung cancer mice had a reduced metagenomic potential for neurotransmitters (melatonin, γ-aminobutyric acid, and histamine) compared with healthy mice. In summary, this study found that the diversity, structure, and composition of gut microbiota vary between cancer and healthy conditions, ultimately leading to changes in the potential for functional metagenomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuijiao Feng
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (C.F.); (N.L.); (G.G.); (Q.H.); (L.-Y.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Na Li
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (C.F.); (N.L.); (G.G.); (Q.H.); (L.-Y.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Guangqi Gao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (C.F.); (N.L.); (G.G.); (Q.H.); (L.-Y.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Qiuwen He
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (C.F.); (N.L.); (G.G.); (Q.H.); (L.-Y.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Lai-Yu Kwok
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (C.F.); (N.L.); (G.G.); (Q.H.); (L.-Y.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Heping Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (C.F.); (N.L.); (G.G.); (Q.H.); (L.-Y.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
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17
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Hecht AL, Harling LC, Friedman ES, Tanes C, Lee J, Firrman J, Hao F, Tu V, Liu L, Patterson AD, Bittinger K, Goulian M, Wu GD. Dietary carbohydrates regulate intestinal colonization and dissemination of Klebsiella pneumoniae. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e174726. [PMID: 38512401 PMCID: PMC11060737 DOI: 10.1172/jci174726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial translocation from the gut microbiota is a source of sepsis in susceptible patients. Previous work suggests that overgrowth of gut pathobionts, including Klebsiella pneumoniae, increases the risk of disseminated infection. Our data from a human dietary intervention study found that, in the absence of fiber, K. pneumoniae bloomed during microbiota recovery from antibiotic treatment. We thus hypothesized that dietary nutrients directly support or suppress colonization of this gut pathobiont in the microbiota. Consistent with our study in humans, complex carbohydrates in dietary fiber suppressed the colonization of K. pneumoniae and allowed for recovery of competing commensals in mouse models. In contrast, through ex vivo and in vivo modeling, we identified simple carbohydrates as a limiting resource for K. pneumoniae in the gut. As proof of principle, supplementation with lactulose, a nonabsorbed simple carbohydrate and an FDA-approved therapy, increased colonization of K. pneumoniae. Disruption of the intestinal epithelium led to dissemination of K. pneumoniae into the bloodstream and liver, which was prevented by dietary fiber. Our results show that dietary simple and complex carbohydrates were critical not only in the regulation of pathobiont colonization but also disseminated infection, suggesting that targeted dietary interventions may offer a preventative strategy in high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron L. Hecht
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lisa C. Harling
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elliot S. Friedman
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ceylan Tanes
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Junhee Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jenni Firrman
- Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Fuhua Hao
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Vincent Tu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - LinShu Liu
- Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew D. Patterson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kyle Bittinger
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mark Goulian
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gary D. Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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18
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Lu W, Jiang C, Chen Y, Lu Z, Xu X, Zhu L, Xi H, Ye G, Yan C, Chen J, Zhang J, Zuo L, Huang Q. Altered metabolome and microbiome associated with compromised intestinal barrier induced hepatic lipid metabolic disorder in mice after subacute and subchronic ozone exposure. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 185:108559. [PMID: 38461778 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to ozone has been associated with metabolic disorders in humans, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, the role of the gut-liver axis and the potential mechanism behind the metabolic disorder were investigated by histological examination, microbiome and metabolome approaches in mice during the subacute (4-week) and subchronic (12-week) exposure to 0.5 ppm and 2.5 ppm ozone. Ozone exposure resulted in slowed weight gain and reduced hepatic lipid contents in a dose-dependent manner. After exposure to ozone, the number of intestinal goblet cells decreased, while the number of tuft cells increased. Tight junction protein zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) was significantly downregulated, and the apoptosis of epithelial cells increased with compensatory proliferation, indicating a compromised chemical and physical layer of the intestinal barrier. The hepatic and cecal metabolic profiles were altered, primarily related to lipid metabolism and oxidative stress. The abundance of Muribaculaceae increased dose-dependently in both colon and cecum, and was associated with the decrease of metabolites such as bile acids, betaine, and L-carnitine, which subsequently disrupted the intestinal barrier and lipid metabolism. Overall, this study found that subacute and subchronic exposure to ozone induced metabolic disorder via disturbing the gut-liver axis, especially the intestinal barrier. These findings provide new mechanistic understanding of the health risks associated with environmental ozone exposure and other oxidative stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Lu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Indoor Air and Health, Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chonggui Jiang
- Innovation and Entrepreneurship Laboratory for college students, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Metabolic Disease Research Center, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yajie Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Zhonghua Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xueli Xu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Indoor Air and Health, Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liting Zhu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Indoor Air and Health, Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haotong Xi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Guozhu Ye
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Indoor Air and Health, Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Changzhou Yan
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Indoor Air and Health, Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Jinsheng Chen
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Li Zuo
- Innovation and Entrepreneurship Laboratory for college students, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Metabolic Disease Research Center, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Qiansheng Huang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Indoor Air and Health, Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; National Basic Science Data Center, Beijing 100190, China.
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19
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Muñoz-Alvarez KY, Gutiérrez-Aguilar R, Frigolet ME. Metabolic effects of milk fatty acids: A literature review. NUTR BULL 2024; 49:19-39. [PMID: 38226553 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Milk and dairy products are known to have a significant role in human development and tissue maintenance due to their high nutritional value. With the higher incidence of obesity and metabolic diseases, nutrition and public health authorities have recommended the intake of fat-free or low-fat dairy due to the saturated fatty acid content of whole-fat products and their effect on serum cholesterol levels. However, recent studies have questioned the association between milk fat consumption and cardiometabolic risk. This literature review aims to compile the scientific evidence of the metabolic effects of milk fatty acids in clinical and basic research studies, as well as their relationship with metabolic disorders and gut microbiota composition. Research shows that various milk fatty acids exert effects on metabolic alterations (obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases) by modifying glucose homeostasis, inflammation and lipid profile-related factors. Additionally, recent studies have associated the consumption of milk fatty acids with the production of metabolites and the promotion of healthy gut microbiota. From mainly observational studies, evidence suggests that milk and dairy fatty acids are not directly linked to cardiometabolic risk, but further controlled research is necessary to clarify such findings and to assess whether dietary recommendations to choose low-fat dairy foods are necessary for the population for the prevention of obesity and cardiometabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Y Muñoz-Alvarez
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Enfermedades Metabólicas: Obesidad y Diabetes, Hospital Infantil de México 'Federico Gómez' (HIMFG), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ruth Gutiérrez-Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Enfermedades Metabólicas: Obesidad y Diabetes, Hospital Infantil de México 'Federico Gómez' (HIMFG), Mexico City, Mexico
- División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María E Frigolet
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Enfermedades Metabólicas: Obesidad y Diabetes, Hospital Infantil de México 'Federico Gómez' (HIMFG), Mexico City, Mexico
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20
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Anandakumar H, Rauch A, Wimmer MI, Yarritu A, Koch G, McParland V, Bartolomaeus H, Wilck N. Segmental patterning of microbiota and immune cells in the murine intestinal tract. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2398126. [PMID: 39254265 PMCID: PMC11404582 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2398126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The intestine exhibits distinct characteristics along its length, with a substantial immune cell reservoir and diverse microbiota crucial for maintaining health. This study investigates how anatomical location and regional microbiota influence intestinal immune cell abundance. Using conventionally colonized and germ-free mice, segment-specific immune cell composition and microbial communities were assessed. Metagenomic sequencing analyzed microbiome variations, while flow cytometry and immunofluorescence examined immune cell composition. Microbiome composition varied significantly along the intestine, with diversity and abundance increasing from upper to lower segments. Immune cells showed distinct segment-specific patterning influenced by microbial colonization and localization. T cell subsets displayed varied dependence on microbiome presence and anatomical location. This study highlights locoregional differences in intestinal immune cell and microbiome composition, identifying immune subsets susceptible to microbiota presence. The findings provide context for understanding immune cell alterations in disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harithaa Anandakumar
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Cooperation of Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany
| | - Ariana Rauch
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Cooperation of Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany
| | - Moritz I Wimmer
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Cooperation of Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany
| | - Alex Yarritu
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Cooperation of Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany
| | - Gudrun Koch
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Cooperation of Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Victoria McParland
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Cooperation of Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany
| | - Hendrik Bartolomaeus
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Cooperation of Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicola Wilck
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Cooperation of Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany
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21
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Steinbach E, Masi D, Ribeiro A, Serradas P, Le Roy T, Clément K. Upper small intestine microbiome in obesity and related metabolic disorders: A new field of investigation. Metabolism 2024; 150:155712. [PMID: 37884078 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The study of the gut microbiome holds great promise for understanding and treating metabolic diseases, as its functions and derived metabolites can influence the metabolic status of the host. While research on the fecal microbiome has provided valuable insights, it tells us only part of the story. This limitation arises from the substantial variations in microorganism distribution throughout the gastrointestinal tract due to changes in physicochemical conditions. Thus, relying solely on the fecal microbiome may not be sufficient to draw comprehensive conclusions about metabolic diseases. The proximal part of the small intestine, particularly the jejunum, indeed, serves as the crucial site for digestion and absorption of nutrients, suggesting a potential role of its microbiome in metabolic regulation. Unfortunately, it remains relatively underexplored due to limited accessibility. This review presents current evidence regarding the relationships between the microbiome in the upper small intestine and various phenotypes, focusing on obesity and type 2 diabetes, in both humans and rodents. Research on humans is still limited with variability in the population and methods used. Accordingly, to better understand the role of the whole gut microbiome in metabolic diseases, studies exploring the human microbiome in different niches are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Steinbach
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches (NutriOmics) Research Unit, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Davide Masi
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches (NutriOmics) Research Unit, 75013, Paris, France; Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Physiopathology, Food Science and Endocrinology, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Agnès Ribeiro
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches (NutriOmics) Research Unit, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Patricia Serradas
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches (NutriOmics) Research Unit, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Tiphaine Le Roy
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches (NutriOmics) Research Unit, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Karine Clément
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches (NutriOmics) Research Unit, 75013, Paris, France; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Nutrition Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, 75013 Paris, France.
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22
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Tian S, Chu Q, Ma S, Ma H, Song H. Dietary Fiber and Its Potential Role in Obesity: A Focus on Modulating the Gut Microbiota. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:14853-14869. [PMID: 37815013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Dietary fiber is a carbohydrate polymer with ten or more monomeric units that are resistant to digestion by human digestive enzymes, and it has gained widespread attention due to its significant role in health improvement through regulating gut microbiota. In this review, we summarized the interaction between dietary fiber, gut microbiota, and obesity, and the beneficial effects of dietary fiber on obesity through the modulation of microbiota, such as modifying selective microbial composition, producing starch-degrading enzymes, improving gut barrier function, reducing the inflammatory response, reducing trimethylamine N-oxide, and promoting the production of gut microbial metabolites (e.g., short chain fatty acids, bile acids, ferulic acid, and succinate). In addition, factors affecting the gut microbiota composition and metabolites by dietary fiber (length of the chain, monosaccharide composition, glycosidic bonds) were also concluded. Moreover, strategies for enhancing the biological activity of dietary fiber (fermentation technology, ultrasonic modification, nanotechnology, and microfluidization) were subsequently discussed. This review may provide clues for deeply exploring the structure-activity relationship between dietary fiber and antiobesity properties by targeting specific gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhua Tian
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qiang Chu
- Tea Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Shaotong Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huan Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Haizhao Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing 210023, China
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23
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Zhang J, Lyu A, Wang C. The molecular insights of bile acid homeostasis in host diseases. Life Sci 2023; 330:121919. [PMID: 37422071 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) function as detergents promoting nutrient absorption and as hormones regulating nutrient metabolism. Most BAs are key regulatory factors of physiological activities, which are involved in the regulation of glucose, lipid, and drug metabolisms. Hepatic and intestinal diseases have close connections with the systemic cycling disorders of BAs. The abnormal in BA absorption came up with overmuch BAs could be involved in the pathophysiology of liver and bowel and metabolic disorders such as fatty liver diseases and inflammatory bowel diseases. The primary BAs (PBAs), which are synthesized in the liver, can be transformed into the secondary BAs (SBAs) by gut microbiota. The transformation processes are tightly associated with the gut microbiome and the host endogenous metabolism. The BA biosynthesis gene cluster bile-acid-inducible operon is essential for modulating BA pool, gut microbiome composition, and the onset of intestinal inflammation. This forms a bidirectional interaction between the host and its gut symbiotic ecosystem. The subtle changes in the composition and abundance of BAs perturb the host physiological and metabolic activity. Therefore, maintaining the homeostasis of BAs pool contributes to the balance of the body's physiological and metabolic system. Our review aims to dissect the molecular mechanisms underlying the BAs homeostasis, assess the key factors sustaining the homeostasis and the role of BA acting on host diseases. By linking the BAs metabolic disorders and their associated diseases, we illustrate the effects of BAs homeostasis on health and potential clinical interventions can be taken under the latest research findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfang Zhang
- HKBU lnstitute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China; Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine and Translational Sciences, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Aiping Lyu
- HKBU lnstitute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China; Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine and Translational Sciences, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Chao Wang
- HKBU lnstitute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.
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24
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Jensen BAH, Heyndrickx M, Jonkers D, Mackie A, Millet S, Naghibi M, Pærregaard SI, Pot B, Saulnier D, Sina C, Sterkman LGW, Van den Abbeele P, Venlet NV, Zoetendal EG, Ouwehand AC. Small intestine vs. colon ecology and physiology: Why it matters in probiotic administration. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101190. [PMID: 37683651 PMCID: PMC10518632 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Research on gut microbiota has generally focused on fecal samples, representing luminal content of the large intestine. However, nutrient uptake is restricted to the small intestine. Abundant immune cell populations at this anatomical site combined with diminished mucus secretion and looser junctions (partly to allow for more efficient fluid and nutrient absorption) also results in intimate host-microbe interactions despite more rapid transit. It is thus crucial to dissect key differences in both ecology and physiology between small and large intestine to better leverage the immense potential of human gut microbiota imprinting, including probiotic engraftment at biological sensible niches. Here, we provide a detailed review unfolding how the physiological and anatomical differences between the small and large intestine affect gut microbiota composition, function, and plasticity. This information is key to understanding how gut microbiota manipulation, including probiotic administration, may strain-dependently transform host-microbe interactions at defined locations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc Heyndrickx
- Flanders Research Institute of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Belgium & Ghent University, Department Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, B-9090 Melle, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Daisy Jonkers
- Division Gastroenterology-Hepatology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6229 ER, the Netherlands
| | - Alan Mackie
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Sam Millet
- Flanders Research Institute of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, 9090 Melle, Belgium
| | | | - Simone Isling Pærregaard
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Bruno Pot
- Yakult Europe BV, 1332 Almere, the Netherlands
| | | | - Christian Sina
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Medical Center of Schleswig-Holstein & University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | | | | | - Naomi Vita Venlet
- International Life Science Institute, European Branch, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Erwin G Zoetendal
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, the Netherlands
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25
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Poceviciute R, Bogatyrev SR, Romano AE, Dilmore AH, Mondragón-Palomino O, Takko H, Pradhan O, Ismagilov RF. Quantitative whole-tissue 3D imaging reveals bacteria in close association with mouse jejunum mucosa. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2023; 9:64. [PMID: 37679412 PMCID: PMC10485000 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-023-00423-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Because the small intestine (SI) epithelium lacks a thick protective mucus layer, microbes that colonize the thin SI mucosa may exert a substantial effect on the host. For example, bacterial colonization of the human SI may contribute to environmental enteropathy dysfunction (EED) in malnourished children. Thus far, potential bacterial colonization of the mucosal surface of the SI has only been documented in disease states, suggesting mucosal colonization is rare, likely requiring multiple perturbations. Furthermore, conclusive proof of bacterial colonization of the SI mucosal surface is challenging, and the three-dimensional (3D) spatial structure of mucosal colonies remains unknown. Here, we tested whether we could induce dense bacterial association with jejunum mucosa by subjecting mice to a combination of malnutrition and oral co-gavage with a bacterial cocktail (E. coli and Bacteroides spp.) known to induce EED. To visualize these events, we optimized our previously developed whole-tissue 3D imaging tools with third-generation hybridization chain reaction (HCR v3.0) probes. Only in mice that were malnourished and gavaged with the bacterial cocktail did we detect dense bacterial clusters surrounding intestinal villi suggestive of colonization. Furthermore, in these mice we detected villus loss, which may represent one possible consequence that bacterial colonization of the SI mucosa has on the host. Our results suggest that dense bacterial colonization of jejunum mucosa is possible in the presence of multiple perturbations and that whole-tissue 3D imaging tools can enable the study of these rare events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Poceviciute
- Division of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Said R Bogatyrev
- Division of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Medically Associated Science and Technology Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anna E Romano
- Division of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Amanda H Dilmore
- Division of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Octavio Mondragón-Palomino
- Division of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Heli Takko
- Division of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ojas Pradhan
- Division of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Rustem F Ismagilov
- Division of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
- Division of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
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26
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Videvall E, Bensch HM, Engelbrecht A, Cloete S, Cornwallis CK. Coprophagy rapidly matures juvenile gut microbiota in a precocial bird. Evol Lett 2023; 7:240-251. [PMID: 37475750 PMCID: PMC10355177 DOI: 10.1093/evlett/qrad021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Coprophagy is a behavior where animals consume feces, and has been observed across a wide range of species, including birds and mammals. The phenomenon is particularly prevalent in juveniles, but the reasons for this remain unclear. One hypothesis is that coprophagy enables offspring to acquire beneficial gut microbes that aid development. However, despite the potential importance of this behavior, studies investigating the effects in juveniles are rare. Here we experimentally test this idea by examining how ingestion of adult feces by ostrich chicks affects their gut microbiota development, growth, feeding behavior, pathogen abundance, and mortality. We conducted extensive longitudinal experiments for 8 weeks, repeated over 2 years. It involved 240 chicks, of which 128 were provided daily access to fresh fecal material from adults and 112 were simultaneously given a control treatment. Repeated measures, behavioral observations, and DNA metabarcoding of the microbial gut community, both prior to and over the course of the experiment, allowed us to evaluate multiple aspects of the behavior. The results show that coprophagy causes (a) marked shifts to the juvenile gut microbiota, including a major increase in diversity and rapid maturation of the microbial composition, (b) higher growth rates (fecal-supplemented chicks became 9.4% heavier at 8 weeks old), (c) changes to overall feeding behavior but no differences in feed intake, (d) lower abundance of a common gut pathogen (Clostridium colinum), and (e) lower mortality associated with gut disease. Together, our results suggest that the behavior of coprophagy in juveniles is highly beneficial and may have evolved to accelerate the development of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Videvall
- Corresponding author: Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Hanna M Bensch
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linneaus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Anel Engelbrecht
- Directorate Animal Sciences, Western Cape Department of Agriculture, Oudtshoorn, South Africa
| | - Schalk Cloete
- Directorate Animal Sciences, Western Cape Department of Agriculture, Oudtshoorn, South Africa
- Department of Animal Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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27
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Carson MD, Warner AJ, Geiser VL, Hathaway-Schrader JD, Alekseyenko AV, Marshall J, Westwater C, Novince CM. Prolonged Antibiotic Exposure during Adolescence Dysregulates Liver Metabolism and Promotes Adiposity in Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 193:796-812. [PMID: 36906264 PMCID: PMC10284030 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic administration during early life has been shown to have lasting effects on the gut microbiota, which have been linked to sustained alterations in liver metabolism and adiposity. Recent investigations have discerned that the gut microbiota continues to develop toward an adult-like profile during adolescence. However, the impact of antibiotic exposure during adolescence on metabolism and adiposity is unclear. Herein, a retrospective analysis of Medicaid claims data was performed, which indicated that tetracycline class antibiotics are commonly prescribed for the systemic treatment of adolescent acne. The purpose of this was to discern the impact of a prolonged tetracycline antibiotic exposure during adolescence on the gut microbiota, liver metabolism, and adiposity. Male C57BL/6T specific pathogen-free mice were administered a tetracycline antibiotic during the pubertal/postpubertal adolescent growth phase. Groups were euthanized at different time points to assess immediate and sustained antibiotic treatment effects. Antibiotic exposure during adolescence caused lasting genera-level shifts in the intestinal bacteriome and persistent dysregulation of metabolic pathways in the liver. Dysregulated hepatic metabolism was linked to sustained disruption of the intestinal farnesoid X receptor-fibroblast growth factor 15 axis, a gut-liver endocrine axis that supports metabolic homeostasis. Antibiotic exposure during adolescence increased subcutaneous, visceral, and marrow adiposity, which intriguingly manifested following antibiotic therapy. This preclinical work highlights that prolonged antibiotic courses for the clinical treatment of adolescent acne may have unintended deleterious effects on liver metabolism and adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Carson
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Periodontics, Department of Stomatology, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Amy J Warner
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Periodontics, Department of Stomatology, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Vincenza L Geiser
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Periodontics, Department of Stomatology, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Jessica D Hathaway-Schrader
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Periodontics, Department of Stomatology, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Alexander V Alekseyenko
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Biomedical Informatics Center, Program for Human Microbiome Research, Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Department of Healthcare Leadership and Management, College of Health Professions, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Julie Marshall
- Division of Population Oral Health, Department of Stomatology, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Caroline Westwater
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Chad M Novince
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Periodontics, Department of Stomatology, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
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28
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Han J, Wu Q, Wang Z, Lu C, Zhou J, Li Y, Ming T, Zhang Z, Su X. Spatial distribution of gut microbiota in mice during the occurrence and remission of hyperuricemia. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:4077-4084. [PMID: 36502373 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that anserine can alleviate hyperuricemia by changing the fecal microbiota of hyperuricemic mice. TOPIC However, the fecal microbiota could not fully represent the distribution of the whole gut microbiota. Knowing the spatial distribution of the gastrointestinal tract microbiota is therefore important for understanding its action in the occurrence and remission of hyperuricemia. METHODS This study provides a comprehensive map of the most common bacterial communities that colonize different parts of the mouse gastrointestinal tract (stomach, duodenum, ileum, cecum, and colon) using a modern methodological approach. RESULTS The stomach, colon, and cecum showed the greatest richness and diversity in bacterial species. Three clusters of bacterial populations were observed along the digestive system: (1) in the stomach, (2) in the duodenum and ileum, and (3) in the colon and cecum. A high purine solution changed the composition and abundance of the digestive tract microbiota, and anserine relieved hyperuricemia by restoring the homeostasis of the digestive tract microbiota, especially improving the abundance of probiotics in the digestive tract. IMPLICATION This could be the starting point for further research on the regulation of hyperuricemia by gut microbiota with the ultimate goal of promoting health and welfare. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Han
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Qiaoli Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ziyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chenyang Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ye Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Tinghong Ming
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiurong Su
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Klatt KC, Bass K, Speakman JR, Hall KD. Chowing down: diet considerations in rodent models of metabolic disease. LIFE METABOLISM 2023; 2:load013. [PMID: 37485302 PMCID: PMC10361708 DOI: 10.1093/lifemeta/load013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Diet plays a substantial role in the etiology, progression, and treatment of chronic disease and is best considered as a multifaceted set of modifiable input variables with pleiotropic effects on a variety of biological pathways spanning multiple organ systems. This brief review discusses key issues related to the design and conduct of diet interventions in rodent models of metabolic disease and their implications for interpreting experiments. We also make specific recommendations to improve rodent diet studies to help better understand the role of diet on metabolic physiology and thereby improve our understanding of metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin C Klatt
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Kevin Bass
- Garrison Institute of Aging, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States
| | - John R Speakman
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Kevin D Hall
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
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30
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Smith D, Jheeta S, López-Cortés GI, Street B, Fuentes HV, Palacios-Pérez M. On the Inheritance of Microbiome-Deficiency: Paediatric Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, the Immune System and the Gut–Brain Axis. GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS 2023; 5:209-232. [DOI: 10.3390/gidisord5020018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2025] Open
Abstract
Like the majority of non-communicable diseases that have recently gained attention, functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders (FGID) in both children and adults are caused by a variety of medical conditions. In general, while it is often thought that common conditions such as obesity may cause other problems, for example, asthma or mental health issues, more consideration needs to be given to the possibility that they could both be brought on by a single underlying problem. Based on the variations in non-communicable disease, in recent years, our group has been revisiting the exact role of the intestinal microbiome within the Vertebrata. While the metabolic products of the microbiome have a role to play in the adult, our tentative conclusion is that the fully functioning, mutualistic microbiome has a primary role: to transfer antigen information from the mother to the neonate in order to calibrate its immune system, allowing it to survive within the microbial environment into which it will emerge. Granted that the microbiome possesses such a function, logic suggests the need for a robust, flexible, mechanism allowing for the partition of nutrition in the mature animal, thus ensuring the continued existence of both the vertebrate host and microbial guest, even under potentially unfavourable conditions. It is feasible that this partition process acts by altering the rate of peristalsis following communication through the gut–brain axis. The final step of this animal–microbiota symbiosis would then be when key microbes are transferred from the female to her progeny, either live offspring or eggs. According to this scheme, each animal inherits twice, once from its parents’ genetic material and once from the mother’s microbiome with the aid of the father’s seminal microbiome, which helps determine the expression of the parental genes. The key point is that the failure of this latter inheritance in humans leads to the distinctive manifestations of functional FGID disorders including inflammation and gut motility disturbances. Furthermore, it seems likely that the critical microbiome–gut association occurs in the first few hours of independent life, in a process that we term handshaking. Note that even if obvious disease in childhood is avoided, the underlying disorders may intrude later in youth or adulthood with immune system disruption coexisting with gut–brain axis issues such as excessive weight gain and poor mental health. In principle, investigating and perhaps supplementing the maternal microbiota provide clinicians with an unprecedented opportunity to intervene in long-term disease processes, even before the child is born.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Smith
- Network of Researchers on the Chemical Emergence of Life (NoRCEL), Leeds LS7 3RB, UK
| | - Sohan Jheeta
- Network of Researchers on the Chemical Emergence of Life (NoRCEL), Leeds LS7 3RB, UK
| | - Georgina I. López-Cortés
- Network of Researchers on the Chemical Emergence of Life (NoRCEL), Leeds LS7 3RB, UK
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México City 04510, Mexico
| | | | - Hannya V. Fuentes
- Network of Researchers on the Chemical Emergence of Life (NoRCEL), Leeds LS7 3RB, UK
- Theoretical Biology Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México City 04510, Mexico
| | - Miryam Palacios-Pérez
- Network of Researchers on the Chemical Emergence of Life (NoRCEL), Leeds LS7 3RB, UK
- Theoretical Biology Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México City 04510, Mexico
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Sha H, He X, Yan K, Li J, Li X, Xie Y, Yang Y, Deng Y, Li G, Yang J. Blocking coprophagy increases the levels of inflammation and depression in healthy mice as well as mice receiving fecal microbiota transplantation from disease model mice donors. APMIS 2023. [PMID: 37145345 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Rodents have been extensively used as animal models in microbiome studies. However, all rodents have a habitual nature called coprophagy, a phenomenon that they self-reinoculate feces into their gastrointestinal tract. Recent studies have shown that blocking coprophagy can alter rodents' diversity of gut microbiota, metabolism, neurochemistry, and cognitive behavior. However, whether rodents' coprophagy behavior affects the levels of inflammation and depression is unclear. In order to address this problem, we first blocked coprophagy in healthy mice. It displayed an increase in the levels of depression, verified by depressive-like behaviors and mood-related indicators, and inflammation, verified by the increased levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine, in coprophagy-blocked mice. Furthermore, we transplanted fecal microbiota from chronic restraint stress (CRS) depression model mice and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inflammation model mice to healthy recipient mice, respectively. It showed that the disease-like phenotypes in the coprophagy-blocked group were worse than those in the coprophagy-unblocked group, including severer depressive symptoms and higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ) in serum, prefrontal cortex (PFC), and hippocampus (HIP). These findings showed that blocking coprophagy in mice not only increased the levels of inflammation and depression in healthy mice but also aggravated inflammation and depression induced by fecal microbiota from disease donors. The discovery may provide a vital reference for future research involving FMT in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Sha
- Grade 2020, School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyi He
- Department of Anatomy, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kai Yan
- Department of Anatomy, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiakang Li
- Grade 2017, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xu Li
- Grade 2018, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yinyin Xie
- Grade 2018, School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yousheng Yang
- Grade 2018, School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yajuan Deng
- Grade 2018, School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guoying Li
- Guangdong Medical Association, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junhua Yang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Bioactive Drug Research, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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32
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Zhang YW, Cao MM, Li YJ, Sheng RW, Zhang RL, Wu MT, Chi JY, Zhou RX, Rui YF. The Preventive Effects of Probiotic Prevotella histicola on the Bone Loss of Mice with Ovariectomy-Mediated Osteoporosis. Microorganisms 2023; 11:950. [PMID: 37110373 PMCID: PMC10146713 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11040950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that the disturbance of gut microbiota (GM) is closely related to the reduction of bone mass and incidence of osteoporosis (OP). The aim of this study is to investigate whether the supplementation of Prevotella histicola (Ph) can prevent the bone loss in mice with ovariectomy (OVX)-mediated OP, and further explore relevant mechanisms. Regular (once a day for 8 consecutive weeks) and quantitative (200 µL/d) perfusion of Ph (the bacteria that orally gavaged) was conducted starting from 1 week after the construction of mice models. Bone mass and bone microstructure were detected by Micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT). Expressions of intestinal permeability, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and osteogenic and osteoclastic activities of mice were analyzed by histological staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC). 16S rRNA high throughput sequencing technique was applied to analyze the alterations of composition, abundance, and diversity of collected feces. Regular and quantitative perfusion of Ph mitigated the bone loss in mice with OVX-mediated OP. Compared with OVX + PBS group, perfusion of Ph repressed osteoclastogenesis and promoted osteogenesis, reduced release of pro-inflammatory cytokine cytokines (interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)), and reversed expressions of tight junction proteins (zonula occludens protein 1 (ZO-1) and Occludin). Besides, the perfusion of Ph improved the composition, abundance, and diversity of GM. Collectively, this study revealed that regular and quantitative perfusion of Ph can improve the bone loss in mice with OVX-mediated OP by repairing intestinal mucosal barrier damage, optimizing intestinal permeability, inhibiting release of pro-osteoclastogenic cytokines, and improving disturbance of GM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Wei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) for Geriatric Hip Fracture Management, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Mu-Min Cao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) for Geriatric Hip Fracture Management, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ying-Juan Li
- Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) for Geriatric Hip Fracture Management, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ren-Wang Sheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) for Geriatric Hip Fracture Management, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ruo-Lan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Meng-Ting Wu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jia-Yu Chi
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Rui-Xin Zhou
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yun-Feng Rui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) for Geriatric Hip Fracture Management, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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33
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Gholami H, Chmiel JA, Burton JP, Maleki Vareki S. The Role of Microbiota-Derived Vitamins in Immune Homeostasis and Enhancing Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1300. [PMID: 36831641 PMCID: PMC9954268 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Not all cancer patients who receive immunotherapy respond positively and emerging evidence suggests that the gut microbiota may be linked to treatment efficacy. Though mechanisms of microbial contributions to the immune response have been postulated, one likely function is the supply of basic co-factors to the host including selected vitamins. Bacteria, fungi, and plants can produce their own vitamins, whereas humans primarily obtain vitamins from exogenous sources, yet despite the significance of microbial-derived vitamins as crucial immune system modulators, the microbiota is an overlooked source of these nutrients in humans. Microbial-derived vitamins are often shared by gut bacteria, stabilizing bioenergetic pathways amongst microbial communities. Compositional changes in gut microbiota can affect metabolic pathways that alter immune function. Similarly, the immune system plays a pivotal role in maintaining the gut microbiota, which parenthetically affects vitamin biosynthesis. Here we elucidate the immune-interactive mechanisms underlying the effects of these microbially derived vitamins and how they can potentially enhance the activity of immunotherapies in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasti Gholami
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - John A. Chmiel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Canadian Research and Development Centre for Probiotics, Lawson Research Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Jeremy P. Burton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Canadian Research and Development Centre for Probiotics, Lawson Research Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Saman Maleki Vareki
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- London Regional Cancer Program, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
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34
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Campbell C, Kandalgaonkar MR, Golonka RM, Yeoh BS, Vijay-Kumar M, Saha P. Crosstalk between Gut Microbiota and Host Immunity: Impact on Inflammation and Immunotherapy. Biomedicines 2023; 11:294. [PMID: 36830830 PMCID: PMC9953403 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbes and their metabolites are actively involved in the development and regulation of host immunity, which can influence disease susceptibility. Herein, we review the most recent research advancements in the gut microbiota-immune axis. We discuss in detail how the gut microbiota is a tipping point for neonatal immune development as indicated by newly uncovered phenomenon, such as maternal imprinting, in utero intestinal metabolome, and weaning reaction. We describe how the gut microbiota shapes both innate and adaptive immunity with emphasis on the metabolites short-chain fatty acids and secondary bile acids. We also comprehensively delineate how disruption in the microbiota-immune axis results in immune-mediated diseases, such as gastrointestinal infections, inflammatory bowel diseases, cardiometabolic disorders (e.g., cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and hypertension), autoimmunity (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis), hypersensitivity (e.g., asthma and allergies), psychological disorders (e.g., anxiety), and cancer (e.g., colorectal and hepatic). We further encompass the role of fecal microbiota transplantation, probiotics, prebiotics, and dietary polyphenols in reshaping the gut microbiota and their therapeutic potential. Continuing, we examine how the gut microbiota modulates immune therapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, JAK inhibitors, and anti-TNF therapies. We lastly mention the current challenges in metagenomics, germ-free models, and microbiota recapitulation to a achieve fundamental understanding for how gut microbiota regulates immunity. Altogether, this review proposes improving immunotherapy efficacy from the perspective of microbiome-targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Campbell
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Mrunmayee R. Kandalgaonkar
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Rachel M. Golonka
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Beng San Yeoh
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Matam Vijay-Kumar
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Piu Saha
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
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35
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Earley ZM, Lisicka W, Sifakis JJ, Aguirre-Gamboa R, Kowalczyk A, Barlow JT, Shaw DG, Discepolo V, Tan IL, Gona S, Ernest JD, Matzinger P, Barreiro LB, Morgun A, Bendelac A, Ismagilov RF, Shulzhenko N, Riesenfeld SJ, Jabri B. GATA4 controls regionalization of tissue immunity and commensal-driven immunopathology. Immunity 2023; 56:43-57.e10. [PMID: 36630917 PMCID: PMC10262782 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
There is growing recognition that regionalization of bacterial colonization and immunity along the intestinal tract has an important role in health and disease. Yet, the mechanisms underlying intestinal regionalization and its dysregulation in disease are not well understood. This study found that regional epithelial expression of the transcription factor GATA4 controls bacterial colonization and inflammatory tissue immunity in the proximal small intestine by regulating retinol metabolism and luminal IgA. Furthermore, in mice without jejunal GATA4 expression, the commensal segmented filamentous bacteria promoted pathogenic inflammatory immune responses that disrupted barrier function and increased mortality upon Citrobacter rodentium infection. In celiac disease patients, low GATA4 expression was associated with metabolic alterations, mucosal Actinobacillus, and increased IL-17 immunity. Taken together, these results reveal broad impacts of GATA4-regulated intestinal regionalization on bacterial colonization and tissue immunity, highlighting an elaborate interdependence of intestinal metabolism, immunity, and microbiota in homeostasis and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary M Earley
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wioletta Lisicka
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joseph J Sifakis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Anita Kowalczyk
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jacob T Barlow
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Dustin G Shaw
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Valentina Discepolo
- Department of Medical Translational Sciences and European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Diseases, University of Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ineke L Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen and University of Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Saideep Gona
- Genetics, Genomics, and Systems Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jordan D Ernest
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Polly Matzinger
- Ghost Lab, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Luis B Barreiro
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Genetics, Genomics, and Systems Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andrey Morgun
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Albert Bendelac
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rustem F Ismagilov
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA; Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Natalia Shulzhenko
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Samantha J Riesenfeld
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Bana Jabri
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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36
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Karl JP, Whitney CC, Wilson MA, Fagnant HS, Radcliffe PN, Chakraborty N, Campbell R, Hoke A, Gautam A, Hammamieh R, Smith TJ. Severe, short-term sleep restriction reduces gut microbiota community richness but does not alter intestinal permeability in healthy young men. Sci Rep 2023; 13:213. [PMID: 36604516 PMCID: PMC9816096 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27463-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep restriction alters gut microbiota composition and intestinal barrier function in rodents, but whether similar effects occur in humans is unclear. This study aimed to determine the effects of severe, short-term sleep restriction on gut microbiota composition and intestinal permeability in healthy adults. Fecal microbiota composition, measured by 16S rRNA sequencing, and intestinal permeability were measured in 19 healthy men (mean ± SD; BMI 24.4 ± 2.3 kg/m2, 20 ± 2 years) undergoing three consecutive nights of adequate sleep (AS; 7-9 h sleep/night) and restricted sleep (SR; 2 h sleep/night) in random order with controlled diet and physical activity. α-diversity measured by amplicon sequencing variant (ASV) richness was 21% lower during SR compared to AS (P = 0.03), but α-diversity measured by Shannon and Simpson indexes did not differ between conditions. Relative abundance of a single ASV within the family Ruminococcaceae was the only differentially abundant taxon (q = 0.20). No between-condition differences in intestinal permeability or β-diversity were observed. Findings indicated that severe, short-term sleep restriction reduced richness of the gut microbiota but otherwise minimally impacted community composition and did not affect intestinal permeability in healthy young men.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Philip Karl
- grid.420094.b0000 0000 9341 8465Military Nutrition Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA USA
| | - Claire C. Whitney
- grid.420094.b0000 0000 9341 8465Military Nutrition Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA USA
| | - Marques A. Wilson
- grid.420094.b0000 0000 9341 8465Military Nutrition Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA USA
| | - Heather S. Fagnant
- grid.420094.b0000 0000 9341 8465Military Nutrition Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA USA
| | - Patrick N. Radcliffe
- grid.420094.b0000 0000 9341 8465Military Nutrition Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA USA ,grid.410547.30000 0001 1013 9784Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN USA
| | - Nabarun Chakraborty
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166Medical Readiness Systems Biology, CMPN, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA
| | - Ross Campbell
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166Geneva Foundation, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA
| | - Allison Hoke
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166Medical Readiness Systems Biology, CMPN, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA
| | - Aarti Gautam
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166Medical Readiness Systems Biology, CMPN, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA
| | - Rasha Hammamieh
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166Medical Readiness Systems Biology, CMPN, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA
| | - Tracey J. Smith
- grid.420094.b0000 0000 9341 8465Military Nutrition Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA USA
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Lai Z, Zhan X, Lin L, Zhang J, Qi W, Yang H, Mao S, Jin W. High-grain diet feeding alters ileal microbiota and disrupts bile acid metabolism in lactating dairy cows. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad278. [PMID: 37606090 PMCID: PMC10494876 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) play an important role in the regulation of lipid metabolic homeostasis, but little is known about their metabolism in dairy cows fed a high-grain (HG) diet. In the present study, we examined the bacterial community, BA profile, and the FXR/FGF19 signaling pathway in the ileum and liver to investigate the gut microbe-BA metabolism interactions response to HG diet and the changes in the subsequent enterohepatic circulation of dairy cows. The results showed that the ileal bacterial community was altered, with an increase of Paraclostridium, Anaerobutyricum, Shuttleworthia, and Stomatobaculum in the relative abundance in the HG group. Moreover, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed that the abundance of total bacteria and bacterial bile-salt hydrolase (BSH) genes was increased in the ileal digesta in the HG group. Meanwhile, HG feeding also decreased the total BA content in the digesta of jejunum and ileum and in feces. HG feeding altered the BA profile in the ileal digesta by increasing unconjugated BAs and decreasing conjugated BAs. In addition, the intestinal FXR/FGF19 signaling pathway was activated. The expression of CYP7A1 (cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase) was depressed, which inhibited BAs synthesis in the liver of cows fed HG. Overall, HG feeding altered the ileal bacterial community and BA profile, and activated FXR/FGF19 signaling pathway, resulting in a decrease of BA level in the ileal digesta via the inhibition of hepatic BA synthesis. The findings provided novel insights into understanding the relationship between gut microbiota and the homeostasis of BAs in dairy cows fed a HG diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Lai
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, the National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaoxiu Zhan
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, the National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Limei Lin
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, the National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiyou Zhang
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, the National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Weibiao Qi
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, the National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Huisheng Yang
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, the National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shengyong Mao
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, the National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wei Jin
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, the National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230041, China
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38
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Zhou X, Chakraborty D, Murray IA, Coslo D, Kehs Z, Vijay A, Ton C, Desai D, Amin SG, Patterson AD, Perdew GH. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation Coordinates Mouse Small Intestinal Epithelial Cell Programming. J Transl Med 2023; 103:100012. [PMID: 37039146 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2022.100012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In the face of mechanical, chemical, microbial, and immunologic pressure, intestinal homeostasis is maintained through balanced cellular turnover, proliferation, differentiation, and self-renewal. Here, we present evidence supporting the role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) in the adaptive reprogramming of small intestinal gene expression, leading to altered proliferation, lineage commitment, and remodeling of the cellular repertoire that comprises the intestinal epithelium to promote intestinal resilience. Ahr gene/protein expression and transcriptional activity exhibit marked proximalHI to distalLO and cryptHI to villiLO gradients. Genetic ablation of Ahr impairs commitment/differentiation of the secretory Paneth and goblet cell lineages and associated mucin production, restricts expression of secretory/enterocyte differentiation markers, and increases crypt-associated proliferation and villi-associated enterocyte luminal exfoliation. Ahr-/- mice display a decrease in intestinal barrier function. Ahr+/+ mice that maintain a diet devoid of AHR ligands intestinally phenocopy Ahr-/- mice. In contrast, Ahr+/+ mice exposed to AHR ligands reverse these phenotypes. Ligand-induced AHR transcriptional activity positively correlates with gene expression (Math1, Klf4, Tff3) associated with differentiation of the goblet cell secretory lineage. Math1 was identified as a direct target gene of AHR, a transcription factor critical to the development of goblet cells. These data suggest that dietary cues, relayed through the transcriptional activity of AHR, can reshape the cellular repertoire of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Connor KL, Bloise E, DeSantis TZ, Lye SJ. Adaptation of the gut holobiont to malnutrition during mouse pregnancy depends on the type of nutritional adversity. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 111:109172. [PMID: 36195213 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Malnutrition can influence maternal physiology and programme offspring development. Yet, in pregnancy, little is known about how dietary challenges that influence maternal phenotype affect gut structure and function. Emerging evidence suggests that interactions between the environment, multidrug resistance (MDR) transporters and microbes may influence maternal adaptation to pregnancy and regulate fetoplacental development. We hypothesized that the gut holobiont (host and microbes) during pregnancy adapts differently to suboptimal maternal diets, evidenced by changes in the gut microenvironment, morphology, and expression of key protective MDR transporters during pregnancy. Mice were fed a control diet (CON) during pregnancy, or undernourished (UN) by 30% of control intake from gestational day (GD) 5.5-18.5, or fed 60% high fat diet (HF) for 8 weeks before and during pregnancy. At GD18.5, maternal small intestinal (SI) architecture (H&E), proliferation (Ki67), P-glycoprotein (P-gp - encoded by Abcb1a/b) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/Abcg2) MDR transporter expression and levels of pro-inflammatory biomarkers were assessed. Circulating inflammatory biomarkers and maternal caecal microbiome composition (G3 PhyloChipTM) were measured. MDR transporter expression was also assessed in fetal gut. HF diet increased maternal SI crypt depth and proinflammatory load, and decreased SI expression of Abcb1a mRNA, whilst UN increased SI villi proliferation and Abcb1a, but decreased Abcg2, mRNA expression. There were significant associations between Abcb1a and Abcg2 mRNA levels with relative abundance of specific microbial taxa. Using a systems physiology approach we report that common nutritional adversities provoke adaptations in the pregnancy holobiont in mice, and reveal new mechanisms that could influence reproductive outcomes and fetal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin L Connor
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Mount Sinai Hospital, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Enrrico Bloise
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Stephen J Lye
- Mount Sinai Hospital, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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40
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Chen Q, Liu M, Lin Y, Wang K, Li J, Li P, Yang L, Jia L, Zhang B, Guo H, Li P, Song H. Topography of respiratory tract and gut microbiota in mice with influenza A virus infection. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1129690. [PMID: 36910185 PMCID: PMC9992211 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1129690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Influenza A virus (IAV)-induced dysbiosis may predispose to severe bacterial superinfections. Most studies have focused on the microbiota of single mucosal surfaces; consequently, the relationships between microbiota at different anatomic sites in IAV-infected mice have not been fully studied. Methods We characterized respiratory and gut microbiota using full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing by Nanopore sequencers and compared the nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, lung and gut microbiomes in healthy and IAV-infected mice. Results The oropharyngeal, lung and gut microbiota of healthy mice were dominated by Lactobacillus spp., while nasopharyngeal microbiota were comprised primarily of Streptococcus spp. However, the oropharyngeal, nasopharyngeal, lung, and gut microbiota of IAV-infected mice were dominated by Pseudomonas, Escherichia, Streptococcus, and Muribaculum spp., respectively. Lactobacillus murinus was identified as a biomarker and was reduced at all sites in IAV-infected mice. The microbiota composition of lung was more similar to that of the nasopharynx than the oropharynx in healthy mice. Discussion These findings suggest that the main source of lung microbiota in mice differs from that of adults. Moreover, the similarity between the nasopharyngeal and lung microbiota was increased in IAV-infected mice. We found that IAV infection reduced the similarity between the gut and oropharyngeal microbiota. L. murinus was identified as a biomarker of IAV infection and may be an important target for intervention in post-influenza bacterial superinfections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichao Chen
- Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Manjiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Diagnostics Co., Ltd., Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.,Nanjing Simcere Medical Laboratory Science Co., Ltd., Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yanfeng Lin
- Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Kaiying Wang
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jinhui Li
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Peihan Li
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Lang Yang
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Leili Jia
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Diagnostics Co., Ltd., Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.,Nanjing Simcere Medical Laboratory Science Co., Ltd., Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Diagnostics Co., Ltd., Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.,Nanjing Simcere Medical Laboratory Science Co., Ltd., Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Peng Li
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbin Song
- Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing, China.,Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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41
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Wiscovitch-Russo R, Taal AM, Kuelbs C, Oldfield LM, Ramar M, Singh H, Fedulov AV, Gonzalez-Juarbe N. Gut and lung microbiome profiles in pregnant mice. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:946779. [PMID: 36578567 PMCID: PMC9791091 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.946779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, microbiome research has expanded from the gastrointestinal tract to other host sites previously thought to be abacterial such as the lungs. Yet, the effects of pregnancy in the lung and gut microbiome remains unclear. Here we examined the changes in the gut and lung microbiome in mice at 14 days of gestation. Lung tissue and stool samples were collected from pregnant and non-pregnant female BALB/c mice, DNA was isolated, amplified, and bacterial specific V4 16S rRNA gene was sequenced. Using an in-house bioinformatic pipeline we assessed the microbial composition of each organ using stool and lung tissue samples. The stool data showed that Lachnospiraceae and Lactobacillaceae were more abundant in the pregnant mice. Likewise, Lactobacillaceae were dominant in the lungs of pregnant mice. However, Streptococcaceae were dominant in the lungs of non-pregnant mice with a low microbial abundance in the pregnant mice. A permutation test showed that pregnancy significantly contributes to the variance in both the lung and stool microbiome. At the same time, we estimate that 49% of the total detected operational taxonomic units were shared between the stool and lung data. After removing common stool-associated bacteria from the lung dataset, no microbial differential abundance was detected between the pregnant and non-pregnant lung microbial community. Thus, pregnancy contributes to variance to the lung and stool microbiome but not in the unique lung microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aji Mary Taal
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Claire Kuelbs
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
| | | | - MohanKumar Ramar
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Research, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | | | - Alexey V. Fedulov
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Research, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
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Yao Z, Zhu Y, Wu Q, Xu Y. Challenges and perspectives of quantitative microbiome profiling in food fermentations. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:4995-5015. [PMID: 36412251 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2147899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneously fermented foods are consumed and appreciated for thousands of years although they are usually produced with fluctuated productivity and quality, potentially threatening both food safety and food security. To guarantee consistent fermentation productivity and quality, it is essential to control the complex microbiota, the most crucial factor in food fermentations. The prerequisite for the control is to comprehensively understand the structure and function of the microbiota. How to quantify the actual microbiota is of paramount importance. Among various microbial quantitative methods evolved, quantitative microbiome profiling, namely to quantify all microbial taxa by absolute abundance, is the best method to understand the complex microbiota, although it is still at its pioneering stage for food fermentations. Here, we provide an overview of microbial quantitative methods, including the development from conventional methods to the advanced quantitative microbiome profiling, and the application examples of these methods. Moreover, we address potential challenges and perspectives of quantitative microbiome profiling methods, as well as future research needs for the ultimate goal of rational and optimal control of microbiota in spontaneous food fermentations. Our review can serve as reference for the traditional food fermentation sector for stable fermentation productivity, quality and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Yao
- Lab of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology; School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Zhu
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Qun Wu
- Lab of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology; School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Lab of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology; School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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Wang R, Yuan T, Sun J, Yang M, Chen Y, Wang L, Wang Y, Chen W, Peng D. Paeoniflorin alleviates 17α-ethinylestradiol-induced cholestasis via the farnesoid X receptor-mediated bile acid homeostasis signaling pathway in rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1064653. [PMID: 36479204 PMCID: PMC9719974 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1064653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 08/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholestasis, characterized by disturbance of bile formation, is a common pathological condition that can induce several serious liver diseases. As a kind of trigger, estrogen-induced cholestasis belongs to drug-induced cholestasis. Paeoniflorin is the most abundant bioactive constituent in Paeonia lactiflora Pall., Paeonia suffruticosa Andr., or Paeonia veitchii Lynch, a widely used herbal medicine for treating hepatic disease over centuries in China. However, the pharmacologic effect and mechanism of paeoniflorin on estrogen-induced cholestasis remain unclear. In this experiment, the pharmacological effect of paeoniflorin on EE-induced cholestasis in rats was evaluated comprehensively for the first time. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with Q-Exactive orbitrap mass spectrometer was used to monitor the variation of bile acid levels and composition. It was demonstrated that paeoniflorin alleviated 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE)-induced cholestasis dose-dependently, characterized by a decrease of serum biochemical indexes, recovery of bile flow, amelioration of hepatic and ileal histopathology, and reduction of oxidative stress. In addition, paeoniflorin intervention restored EE-disrupted bile acid homeostasis in enterohepatic circulation. Further mechanism studies using western blot, quantitative Real-Time PCR, and immunohistochemical showed that paeoniflorin could upregulate hepatic efflux transporters expression but downregulate hepatic uptake transporter expression. Meanwhile, paeoniflorin reduced bile acids synthesis by repressing cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase in hepatocytes. Paeoniflorin affected the above transporters and enzyme via activation of a nuclear receptor, farnesoid X receptor (FXR), which was recognized as a vital regulator for maintaining bile acid homeostasis. In conclusion, paeoniflorin alleviated EE-induced cholestasis and maintained bile acid homeostasis via FXR-mediated regulation of bile acids transporters and synthesis enzyme. The findings indicated that paeoniflorin might exert a potential therapeutic medicine for estrogen-induced cholestasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rulin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Tengteng Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Menghuan Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yunna Chen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, Anhui, China
- College of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Weidong Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Daiyin Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Zheng L. New insights into the interplay between intestinal flora and bile acids in inflammatory bowel disease. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:10823-10839. [PMID: 36338232 PMCID: PMC9631134 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i30.10823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal flora plays a key role in nutrient absorption, metabolism and immune defense, and is considered to be the cornerstone of maintaining the health of human hosts. Bile acids synthesized in the liver can not only promote the absorption of fat-soluble substances in the intestine, but also directly or indirectly affect the structure and function of intestinal flora. Under the action of intestinal flora, bile acids can be converted into secondary bile acids, which can be reabsorbed back to the liver through the enterohepatic circulation. The complex dialogue mechanism between intestinal flora and bile acids is involved in the development of intestinal inflammation such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this review, the effects of intestinal flora, bile acids and their interactions on IBD and the progress of treatment were reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lie Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an 710003, Shaanxi Province, China
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45
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Li Y, Zhou Y, Wang L, Lin X, Mao M, Yin S, Zhu L, Jiao Y, Yu W, Gao P, Yang L. Emerging trends and hotspots in the links between the gut microbiota and MAFLD from 2002 to 2021: A bibliometric analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:990953. [PMID: 36329894 PMCID: PMC9624192 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.990953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) presented a booming growth over recent years in the whole world. MAFLD was associated with a higher risk of end-stage liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma and liver transplantation. Accumulating evidence indicated that gut microbiota and MAFLD were interrelated and interacted with each other. However, to the knowledge of the authors, no bibliometric quantitative analysis has been carried out to evaluate the links between the gut microbiota and MAFLD. This study aimed to use bibliometric analysis to evaluate current publication trends and hotspots in the links between the gut microbiota and MAFLD, in order to advance research in this field. METHODS The articles regarding the links between gut microbiota and MAFLD from 2002 to 2021 were identified from the Science Citation Index-Expanded of Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace software, Vosviewer, the R package "bibliometrix" and the Online Analysis Platform of Literature Metrology were used to analyze current publication trends and hotspots in this field. RESULTS A total of 707 articles were retrieved regarding the links between gut microbiota and MAFLD from 2002 to 2021. The USA occupied the leading role until 2015 and the dominance of China started in 2016. The USA was the most frequently involved country in international cooperation. Shanghai Jiao Tong University was the most productive institution. Ina Bergheim was the most productive author, publishing 14 articles. The co-citation keywords cluster label displayed ten main clusters: probiotics, bile acid, immune function, adolescents, nutritional genomics, high fat diet, systems biology, lipopolysaccharides, phosphatidylcholine, and oxidative stress. Keyword bursts analysis indicated that diet induced obesity, metabolic syndrome, ppar alpha, and lactobacillus were the research hotspots with high strength. CONCLUSION The number of publications covering the links of gut microbiota and MAFLD increased dramatically in the past decade and especially became exponential growth in the last 3 years. Probiotics and bile acid will be the research direction of great importance in the etiology and novel treatment for MAFLD. This study provided systematic information and instructive assistance for future research work, that helped to discover the mechanisms and new treatments of MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyu Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liya Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqi Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Menghan Mao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Suqing Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingfu Jiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weifeng Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Po Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqun Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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46
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Love CJ, Gubert C, Renoir T, Hannan AJ. Environmental enrichment and exercise housing protocols for mice. STAR Protoc 2022; 3:101689. [PMID: 36125931 PMCID: PMC9493135 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we present a protocol that allows comparison of the effects of the standard home cage, environmentally enriched home cage with additional super-enrichment, and the exercise (running wheels only) home cage in laboratory mice. We first describe the steps to assemble these three types of cages, respectively. We then detail the assembly of super-enrichment arenas, which provide additional stimulation beyond that provided by home-cage enrichment. This protocol can help to improve reproducibility of results from studies involving environmental enrichment and exercise by offering consistent housing conditions between laboratories. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Gubert et al. (2021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe J. Love
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Carolina Gubert
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia,Corresponding author
| | - Thibault Renoir
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Anthony J. Hannan
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia,Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia,Corresponding author
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47
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Characterization and quantification of representative bile acids in ileal contents and feces of diet-induced obese mice by UPLC-MS/MS. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjac.2022.100175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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48
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Liu J, Wu A, Cai J, She ZG, Li H. The contribution of the gut-liver axis to the immune signaling pathway of NAFLD. Front Immunol 2022; 13:968799. [PMID: 36119048 PMCID: PMC9471422 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.968799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the liver manifestation of metabolic syndrome and is the most common chronic liver disease in the world. The pathogenesis of NAFLD has not been fully clarified; it involves metabolic disturbances, inflammation, oxidative stress, and various forms of cell death. The "intestinal-liver axis" theory, developed in recent years, holds that there is a certain relationship between liver disease and the intestinal tract, and changes in intestinal flora are closely involved in the development of NAFLD. Many studies have found that the intestinal flora regulates the pathogenesis of NAFLD by affecting energy metabolism, inducing endotoxemia, producing endogenous ethanol, and regulating bile acid and choline metabolism. In this review, we highlighted the updated discoveries in intestinal flora dysregulation and their link to the pathogenesis mechanism of NAFLD and summarized potential treatments of NAFLD related to the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Anding Wu
- Department of general surgery, Huanggang Central Hospital, Huanggang, China
- Huanggang Institute of Translation Medicine, Huanggang, China
| | - Jingjing Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi-Gang She
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongliang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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49
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Basic M, Dardevet D, Abuja PM, Bolsega S, Bornes S, Caesar R, Calabrese FM, Collino M, De Angelis M, Gérard P, Gueimonde M, Leulier F, Untersmayr E, Van Rymenant E, De Vos P, Savary-Auzeloux I. Approaches to discern if microbiome associations reflect causation in metabolic and immune disorders. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2107386. [PMID: 35939623 PMCID: PMC9361767 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2107386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of microorganisms residing within our gut and their roles in the host metabolism and immunity advanced greatly over the past 20 years. Currently, microbiome studies are shifting from association and correlation studies to studies demonstrating causality of identified microbiome signatures and identification of molecular mechanisms underlying these interactions. This transformation is crucial for the efficient translation into clinical application and development of targeted strategies to beneficially modulate the intestinal microbiota. As mechanistic studies are still quite challenging to perform in humans, the causal role of microbiota is frequently evaluated in animal models that need to be appropriately selected. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview on approaches that can be applied in addressing causality of host-microbe interactions in five major animal model organisms (Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, zebrafish, rodents, and pigs). We particularly focused on discussing methods available for studying the causality ranging from the usage of gut microbiota transfer, diverse models of metabolic and immune perturbations involving nutritional and chemical factors, gene modifications and surgically induced models, metabolite profiling up to culture-based approached. Furthermore, we addressed the impact of the gut morphology, physiology as well as diet on the microbiota composition in various models and resulting species specificities. Finally, we conclude this review with the discussion on models that can be applied to study the causal role of the gut microbiota in the context of metabolic syndrome and host immunity. We hope this review will facilitate important considerations for appropriate animal model selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijana Basic
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dominique Dardevet
- Human Nutrition Unit, UMR1019, University Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Peter Michael Abuja
- Diagnostic & Research Centre of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Silvia Bolsega
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stéphanie Bornes
- University Clermont Auvergne, Inrae, VetAgro Sup, Umrf, Aurillac, France
| | - Robert Caesar
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Massimo Collino
- Rita Levi-Montalcini Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria De Angelis
- Department of Soil, Plant and Science, “Aldo Moro” University Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Philippe Gérard
- INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, France
| | - Miguel Gueimonde
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, IPLA-CSIC;Villaviciosa, Spain
| | - François Leulier
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, UMR5242 CNRS, Université Claude Bernard-Lyon1, Lyon, France
| | - Eva Untersmayr
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Evelien Van Rymenant
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (Ilvo), Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Paul De Vos
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen; Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Isabelle Savary-Auzeloux
- Human Nutrition Unit, UMR1019, University Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, Clermont-Ferrand, France,CONTACT Isabelle Savary-Auzeloux Human Nutrition Unit, UMR1019, University Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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50
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Zhao Y, Nakatsu C, Jones-Hall Y, Jiang Q. Supplementation of polyphenol-rich grapes attenuates colitis, colitis-associated colon cancer and disease-associated dysbiosis in mice, but fails to mitigate colitis in antibiotic-treated mice. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 109:109124. [PMID: 35961465 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols are known to interact with gut microbes that play key roles in maintaining gut health, but the role of gut microbiota modulation by polyphenols in mitigating colonic diseases is not fully established. We hypothesize that the interaction of polyphenols with the gut microbiota contributes to the attenuation of colitis and colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC). To test this hypothesis, we examined the effects of dietary supplementation of polyphenol-rich grape powder (GP) on azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, CAC and the gut microbiota in mice (study 1), and further compared anti-colitis effects of GP in regular and antibiotic-treated mice (study 2). Compared to the control diet that has matched non-polyphenol contents, 10% GP, but not 3% GP, attenuated AOM-DSS induced colitis and tumor multiplicity by 29% (p<0.05). Ten percent GP increased gut bacterial evenness and counteracted CAC-induced decrease of bacterial evenness and changes of microbial composition. Remarkably, gut bacterial functional profiles of healthy mice and diseased mice fed 10% GP were similar, and both were significantly different from those of diseased mice with the control diet. Furthermore, 10% GP increased the relative abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria in the Lachnospiraceae family and enhanced the concentrations of fecal butyrate. Additionally, 10% GP mitigated DSS-induced colitis in conventional mice, but not the antibiotic-treated, gut microbe-depleted mice. Collectively, our studies demonstrate that grape polyphenols alleviate colonic diseases and prevent disease-associated dysbiosis, and their interaction with the gut microbiota may play a causative role in the protection of gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiying Zhao
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Cindy Nakatsu
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Yava Jones-Hall
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Qing Jiang
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.
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