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Murawska GM, Armando A, Dennis EA. Lipidomics of Phospholipase A 2 Reveals Exquisite Specificity in Macrophages. J Lipid Res 2024:100571. [PMID: 38795860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2024.100571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) constitutes a superfamily of enzymes that hydrolyze phospholipids at their sn-2 fatty acyl position. Our laboratory has demonstrated that PLA2 enzymes regulate membrane remodeling and cell signaling by their specificity toward their phospholipid substrates at the molecular level. Recent in vitro studies show that each type of PLA2, including GIVA cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2), GV secreted PLA2 (sPLA2), GVIA calcium independent PLA2 (iPLA2) and GVIIA lipoprotein-associated PLA2 (LpPLA2), also known as platelet-activating factor acetyl hydrolase (PAFAH), can discriminate exquisitely between fatty acids at the sn-2 position. Thus, these enzymes regulate the production of diverse polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) precursors of inflammatory metabolites. We now determined PLA2 specificity in macrophage cells grown in cell culture, where the amounts and localization of the phospholipid substrates play a role in which specific phospholipids are hydrolyzed by each enzyme type. We employ PLA2 stereospecific inhibitors in tandem with a novel UPLC-MS/MS based lipidomics platform to quantify more than a thousand unique phospholipid molecular species demonstrating cPLA2, sPLA2, and iPLA2 activity and specificity toward the phospholipids in living cells. The observed specificity follows the in vitro capability of the enzymes and can reflect the enrichment of certain phospholipid species in specific membrane locations where particular PLA2's associate. For assaying, we target 20:4-PI for cPLA2, 22:6-PG for sPLA2 and 18:2-PC for iPLA2. These new results provide great insight into the physiological role of PLA2 enzymes in cell membrane remodeling and could shed light on how PLA2 enzymes underpin inflammation and other lipid-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gosia M Murawska
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Aaron Armando
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Edward A Dennis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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2
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Zhang G, Hu H, Yin Y, Tian M, Bu Z, Ding C, Yu S. Brucella Manipulates Host Cell Ferroptosis to Facilitate Its Intracellular Replication and Egress in RAW264.7 Macrophages. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:577. [PMID: 38790682 PMCID: PMC11118192 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Brucella virulence relies on its successful intracellular life cycle. Modulating host cell death is a strategy for Brucella to survive and replicate intracellularly. Ferroptosis is a novel regulated cell death characterized by iron-triggered excessive lipid peroxidation, which has been proven to be associated with pathogenic bacteria infection. Thus, we attempted to explore if smooth-type Brucella infection triggers host cell ferroptosis and what role it plays in Brucella infection. We assessed the effects of Brucella infection on the lactate dehydrogenase release and lipid peroxidation levels of RAW264.7 macrophages; subsequently, we determined the effect of Brucella infection on the expressions of ferroptosis defense pathways. Furthermore, we determined the role of host cell ferroptosis in the intracellular replication and egress of Brucella. The results demonstrated that Brucella M5 could induce ferroptosis of macrophages by inhibiting the GPX4-GSH axis at the late stage of infection but mitigated ferroptosis by up-regulating the GCH1-BH4 axis at the early infection stage. Moreover, elevating host cell ferroptosis decreased Brucella intracellular survival and suppressing host cell ferroptosis increased Brucella intracellular replication and egress. Collectively, Brucella may manipulate host cell ferroptosis to facilitate its intracellular replication and egress, extending our knowledge about the underlying mechanism of how Brucella completes its intracellular life cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangdong Zhang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China; (G.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.Y.); (M.T.)
- Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Harbin 150069, China;
| | - Hai Hu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China; (G.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.Y.); (M.T.)
| | - Yi Yin
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China; (G.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.Y.); (M.T.)
| | - Mingxing Tian
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China; (G.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.Y.); (M.T.)
| | - Zhigao Bu
- Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Harbin 150069, China;
| | - Chan Ding
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China; (G.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.Y.); (M.T.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shengqing Yu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China; (G.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.Y.); (M.T.)
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3
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Luquain-Costaz C, Delton I. Oxysterols in Vascular Cells and Role in Atherosclerosis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1440:213-229. [PMID: 38036882 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-43883-7_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a major cardiovascular complication of diseases associated with elevated oxidative stress such as type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. In these situations, low-density lipoproteins (LDL) undergo oxidation. Oxidized LDL displays proatherogenic activities through multiple and complex mechanisms which lead to dysfunctions of vascular cells (endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and macrophages). Oxidized LDLs are enriched in oxidized products of cholesterol called oxysterols formed either by autoxidation, enzymatically, or by both mechanisms. Several oxysterols have been shown to accumulate in atheroma plaques and to play a key role in atherogenesis. Depending on the type of oxysterols, various biological effects are exerted on vascular cells to regulate the formation of macrophage foam cells, endothelial integrity, adhesion and transmigration of monocytes, plaque progression, and instability. Most of these effects are linked to the ability of oxysterols to induce cellular oxidative stress and cytotoxicity mainly through apoptosis and proinflammatory mediators. Like for excess cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins (HDL) can exert antiatherogenic activity by stimulating the efflux of oxysterols that have accumulated in foamy macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Luquain-Costaz
- CNRS 5007, LAGEPP, Université of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
- Department of Biosciences, INSA Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Isabelle Delton
- CNRS 5007, LAGEPP, Université of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.
- Department of Biosciences, INSA Lyon, Villeurbanne, France.
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4
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Jiang Y, Fang H, Lin S, Chen Y, Fu Y, Tu Y, Li Q, Hui Z. Imperatorin inhibits LPS-induced bone marrow-derived macrophages activation by decreased NF-κB p65 phosphorylation. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2023; 45:581-588. [PMID: 36995149 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2023.2196603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Imperatorin (IMP) is a secondary metabolite of plants and is the most abundant in Angelica dahurica. Previous studies showed that IMP exhibited anti-inflammatory activity in RAW264.7 cell line. Here, we aim to investigate the roles and mechanisms of IMP in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), in view of the difference between primary macrophages and cell lines. METHODS BMDMs were stimulated with LPS for the inflammation model. Flow cytometry was performed with BMDMs treated with different doses of IMP (0-20mg/L) within staining Annexin V-APC for 5 min. The cytokines and inflammatory mediators were detected by RT-PCR or ELISA. RNA-seq was performed in IMP-treated BMDMs or control, stimulated with LPS for 6h. Western blotting is carried out to determine the phosphorylation of p65, ERK1/2, JNK1, p38, and Akt. RESULTS Our results showed that IMP inhibited IL-12p40, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β in LPS-stimulated BMDMs. RNA-seq analysis suggested that IMP inhibits Toll-like receptor signaling pathway (KEGG), TNF signaling pathway (KEGG), NF-κB signaling pathway (KEGG), Inflammatory Response (GO). In addition, IMP inhibited myd88, tpl2, cxcl1, ptgs2(COX-2) expression in mRNA level. Finally, we found decreased phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 in IMP-treated BMDMs, after stimulated with LPS. CONCLUSION IMP inhibits IL-12p40, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β expression in LPS-stimulated BMDMs. IMP inhibits macrophage activation, which maybe resulted in decreased phosphorylation of NF-κB p65. Furthermore, IMP may protect against the progress of inflammatory-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Jiang
- Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Fang
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University and Department of Genetics, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Siqi Lin
- Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunyun Chen
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University and Department of Genetics, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanzheng Fu
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University and Department of Genetics, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Tu
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University and Department of Genetics, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Li
- The Emergency Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhaoyuan Hui
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University and Department of Genetics, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Medical Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases, Yinchuan, China
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Naigles B, Narla AV, Soroczynski J, Tsimring LS, Hao N. Quantifying dynamic pro-inflammatory gene expression and heterogeneity in single macrophage cells. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105230. [PMID: 37689116 PMCID: PMC10579967 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages must respond appropriately to pathogens and other pro-inflammatory stimuli in order to perform their roles in fighting infection. One way in which inflammatory stimuli can vary is in their dynamics-that is, the amplitude and duration of stimulus experienced by the cell. In this study, we performed long-term live cell imaging in a microfluidic device to investigate how the pro-inflammatory genes IRF1, CXCL10, and CXCL9 respond to dynamic interferon-gamma (IFNγ) stimulation. We found that IRF1 responds to low concentration or short duration IFNγ stimulation, whereas CXCL10 and CXCL9 require longer or higherconcentration stimulation to be expressed. We also investigated the heterogeneity in the expression of each gene and found that CXCL10 and CXCL9 have substantial cell-to-cell variability. In particular, the expression of CXCL10 appears to be largely stochastic with a subpopulation of nonresponding cells across all the stimulation conditions tested. We developed both deterministic and stochastic models for the expression of each gene. Our modeling analysis revealed that the heterogeneity in CXCL10 can be attributed to a slow chromatin-opening step that is on a similar timescale to that of adaptation of the upstream signal. In this way, CXCL10 expression in individual cells can remain stochastic in response to each pulse of repeated stimulation, which we also validated by experiments. Together, we conclude that pro-inflammatory genes in the same signaling pathway can respond to dynamic IFNγ stimulus with very different response features and that upstream signal adaptation can contribute to shaping heterogeneous gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beverly Naigles
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Avaneesh V Narla
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jan Soroczynski
- Laboratory of Genome Architecture and Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lev S Tsimring
- Synthetic Biology Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Nan Hao
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA; Synthetic Biology Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
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6
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Madenspacher JH, Morrell ED, McDonald JG, Thompson BM, Li Y, Birukov KG, Birukova AA, Stapleton RD, Alejo A, Karmaus PW, Meacham JM, Rai P, Mikacenic C, Wurfel MM, Fessler MB. 25-Hydroxycholesterol exacerbates vascular leak during acute lung injury. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e155448. [PMID: 36821369 PMCID: PMC10132150 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.155448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol-25-hydroxylase (CH25H), the biosynthetic enzyme for 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC), is most highly expressed in the lung, but its role in lung biology is poorly defined. Recently, we reported that Ch25h is induced in monocyte-derived macrophages recruited to the airspace during resolution of lung inflammation and that 25HC promotes liver X receptor-dependent (LXR-dependent) clearance of apoptotic neutrophils by these cells. Ch25h and 25HC are, however, also robustly induced by lung-resident cells during the early hours of lung inflammation, suggesting additional cellular sources and targets. Here, using Ch25h-/- mice and exogenous 25HC in lung injury models, we provide evidence that 25HC sustains proinflammatory cytokines in the airspace and augments lung injury, at least in part, by inducing LXR-independent endoplasmic reticulum stress and endothelial leak. Suggesting an autocrine effect in endothelium, inhaled LPS upregulates pulmonary endothelial Ch25h, and non-hematopoietic Ch25h deletion is sufficient to confer lung protection. In patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome, airspace 25HC and alveolar macrophage CH25H were associated with markers of microvascular leak, endothelial activation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, and clinical severity. Taken together, our findings suggest that 25HC deriving from and acting on different cell types in the lung communicates distinct, temporal LXR-independent and -dependent signals to regulate inflammatory homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer H. Madenspacher
- Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Eric D. Morrell
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jeffrey G. McDonald
- Center for Human Nutrition and
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | - Yue Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Konstantin G. Birukov
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Anna A. Birukova
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Renee D. Stapleton
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Aidin Alejo
- Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Peer W. Karmaus
- Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Julie M. Meacham
- Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Prashant Rai
- Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Carmen Mikacenic
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Mark M. Wurfel
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michael B. Fessler
- Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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7
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Sun Y, Ye F, Li D, Yang H, Xu T, Zhong X, Lu Y, Zhou H, Pan J. Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) ameliorates the coagulation abnormalities in sepsis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 460:116364. [PMID: 36621722 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is defined as a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by dysregulation of the host response to infection. There is still a lack of specific treatment for sepsis. Here, we report that Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) can reduce the mortality of sepsis by ameliorating the coagulation abnormalities. METHODS FGF2 was intraperitoneally injected into septic mice induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and then assessed for coagulation response, organ damage and survival. RAW264.7 cells with or without FGF2 pretreating were exposed to LPS, and then changes in coagulation related factors expression and signaling were tested. RESULTS The findings showed that intraperitoneal injection of FGF2 inhibited coagulation activity, reduced lung and liver damage, and increased survival in septic mice. In RAW264.7 cells, LPS upregulated the expression of tissue factor (TF) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1); however, pretreatment with FGF2 prevented this upregulation, while FGF2 knockdown exacerbated TF upregulation. Moreover, FGF2 suppressing the AKT/mTOR/S6K1 signaling pathway in septic mice and RAW264.7 cells stimulated by LPS. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed a therapeutic role of FGF2 in ameliorating the coagulation abnormalities during sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Sun
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Treatment and Life Support for Critical Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China; Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Critical Care and Artificial Intelligence, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fanrong Ye
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Treatment and Life Support for Critical Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China; Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Critical Care and Artificial Intelligence, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ding Li
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Treatment and Life Support for Critical Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China; Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Critical Care and Artificial Intelligence, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hongjing Yang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Treatment and Life Support for Critical Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China; Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Critical Care and Artificial Intelligence, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Treatment and Life Support for Critical Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China; Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Critical Care and Artificial Intelligence, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xincun Zhong
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Treatment and Life Support for Critical Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China; Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Critical Care and Artificial Intelligence, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yilun Lu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Treatment and Life Support for Critical Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China; Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Critical Care and Artificial Intelligence, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hongmin Zhou
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Treatment and Life Support for Critical Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China; Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Critical Care and Artificial Intelligence, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jingye Pan
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Treatment and Life Support for Critical Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China; Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Critical Care and Artificial Intelligence, Wenzhou, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Intelligence Medical Education, Wenzhou, China; Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Hospital Emergency and Process Digitization, Wenzhou, China.
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8
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Muralidharan S, Torta F, Lin MK, Olona A, Bagnati M, Moreno-Moral A, Ko JH, Ji S, Burla B, Wenk MR, Rodrigues HG, Petretto E, Behmoaras J. Immunolipidomics Reveals a Globoside Network During the Resolution of Pro-Inflammatory Response in Human Macrophages. Front Immunol 2022; 13:926220. [PMID: 35844525 PMCID: PMC9280915 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.926220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated changes in macrophages reshape intracellular lipid pools to coordinate an effective innate immune response. Although this has been previously well-studied in different model systems, it remains incompletely understood in primary human macrophages. Here we report time-dependent lipidomic and transcriptomic responses to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in primary human macrophages from healthy donors. We grouped the variation of ~200 individual lipid species measured by LC-MS/MS into eight temporal clusters. Among all other lipids, glycosphingolipids (glycoSP) and cholesteryl esters (CE) showed a sharp increase during the resolution phase (between 8h or 16h post LPS). GlycoSP, belonging to the globoside family (Gb3 and Gb4), showed the greatest inter-individual variability among all lipids quantified. Integrative network analysis between GlycoSP/CE levels and genome-wide transcripts, identified Gb4 d18:1/16:0 and CE 20:4 association with subnetworks enriched for T cell receptor signaling (PDCD1, CD86, PTPRC, CD247, IFNG) and DC-SIGN signaling (RAF1, CD209), respectively. Our findings reveal Gb3 and Gb4 globosides as sphingolipids associated with the resolution phase of inflammatory response in human macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Muralidharan
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, India
| | - Federico Torta
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,Precision Medicine Translational Research Programme and Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,*Correspondence: Jacques Behmoaras, ; Federico Torta,
| | - Michelle K. Lin
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Antoni Olona
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders (CVMD) and Center for Computational Biology (CCB), Duke NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marta Bagnati
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aida Moreno-Moral
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders (CVMD) and Center for Computational Biology (CCB), Duke NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jeong-Hun Ko
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shanshan Ji
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bo Burla
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Markus R. Wenk
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,Precision Medicine Translational Research Programme and Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hosana G. Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Nutrients and Tissue Repair, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - Enrico Petretto
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders (CVMD) and Center for Computational Biology (CCB), Duke NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore,MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMC), Imperial College, London, United Kingdom,Institute for Big Data and Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jacques Behmoaras
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders (CVMD) and Center for Computational Biology (CCB), Duke NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore,Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Jacques Behmoaras, ; Federico Torta,
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9
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Du Y, Ma Z, Zheng J, Huang S, Yang X, Song Y, Dong D, Shi L, Xu D. ATF3 Positively Regulates Antibacterial Immunity by Modulating Macrophage Killing and Migration Functions. Front Immunol 2022; 13:839502. [PMID: 35370996 PMCID: PMC8965742 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.839502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical severity of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) respiratory infection correlates with antibacterial gene signature. S. aureus infection induces the expression of an antibacterial gene, as well as a central stress response gene, thus activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3). ATF3-deficient mice have attenuated protection against lethal S. aureus pneumonia and have a higher bacterial load. We tested the hypothesis that ATF3-related protection is based on the increased function of macrophages. Primary marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) were used in vitro to determine the mechanism through which ATF3 alters the bacterial-killing ability. The expression of ATF3 correlated with the expression of antibacterial genes. Mechanistic studies showed that ATF3 upregulated antibacterial genes, while ATF3-deficient cells and lung tissues had a reduced level of antibacterial genes, which was accompanied by changes in the antibacterial process. We identified multiple ATF3 regulatory elements in the antibacterial gene promoters by chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis. In addition, Wild type (WT) mice had higher F4/80 macrophage migration in the lungs compared to ATF3-null mice, which may correlate with actin filament severing through ATF3-targeted actin-modifying protein gelsolin (GSN) for the macrophage cellular motility. Furthermore, ATF3 positively regulated inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-12p40 might be able to contribute to the infection resolution. These data demonstrate a mechanism utilized by S. aureus to induce ATF3 to regulate antibacterial genes for antimicrobial processes within the cell, and to specifically regulate the actin cytoskeleton of F4/80 macrophages for their migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhang Du
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihui Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Juanjuan Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaobao Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Danfeng Dong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liyun Shi
- Department of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Dakang Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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10
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Fujita T, Zysman M, Elgrabli D, Murayama T, Haruta M, Lanone S, Ishida T, Boczkowski J. Anti-inflammatory effect of gold nanoparticles supported on metal oxides. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23129. [PMID: 34848769 PMCID: PMC8632916 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02419-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold (Au) can be deposited as nanoparticles (NPs) smaller than 10 nm in diameter on a variety of metal oxide (MOx) NPs. Au/MOx have high catalytic performance and selective oxidation capacity which could have implications in terms of biological activity, and more specifically in modulation of the inflammatory reaction. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of Au/TiO2, Au/ZrO2 and Au/CeO2 on viability, phagocytic capacity and inflammatory profile (TNF-α and IL-1β secretion) of murine macrophages. The most important result of this study is an anti-inflammatory effect of Au/MOx depending on the MOx nature with particle internalization and no alteration of cell viability and phagocytosis. The effect was dependent on the MOx NPs chemical nature (Au/TiO2 > Au/ZrO2 > Au/CeO2 if we consider the number of cytokines whose concentration was reduced by the NPs), and on the inflammatory mediator considered. The effect of Au/TiO2 NPs was not related to Au NPs size (at least in the case of Au/TiO2 NPs in the range of 3-8 nm). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of an anti-inflammatory effect of Au/MOx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Fujita
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1Minami-osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan. .,Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Technology, 1401-1 Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0982, Japan.
| | - Maeva Zysman
- Univ Paris est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, 94010, Creteil, France.,Univ Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC, 1401, Bordeaux, France.,Service des Maladies Respiratoires, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Dan Elgrabli
- Univ Paris est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, 94010, Creteil, France.,SAS NaorInnov, Courbevoie, France
| | - Toru Murayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1Minami-osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Masatake Haruta
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1Minami-osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Sophie Lanone
- Univ Paris est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, 94010, Creteil, France
| | - Tamao Ishida
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1Minami-osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Jorge Boczkowski
- Univ Paris est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, 94010, Creteil, France. .,AP-HP, Hopital Henri Mondor, Antenne de Pneumologie, 94010, Creteil, France.
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11
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Nazish I, Arber C, Piers TM, Warner TT, Hardy JA, Lewis PA, Pocock JM, Bandopadhyay R. Abrogation of LRRK2 dependent Rab10 phosphorylation with TLR4 activation and alterations in evoked cytokine release in immune cells. Neurochem Int 2021; 147:105070. [PMID: 34004238 PMCID: PMC7610942 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
LRRK2 protein is expressed prominently in immune cells, cell types whose contribution to LRRK2-associated genetic Parkinson's disease (PD) is increasingly being recognised. We investigated the effect of inflammatory stimuli using RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells as model systems. A detailed time course of TLR2 and TLR4 stimulation was investigated through measuring LRRK2 phosphorylation at its specific phospho-sites, and Rab8 and Rab10 phosphorylation together with cytokine release following treatment with LPS and zymosan. LRRK2 phosphorylation at Ser935, Ser955 and Ser973 was increased significantly over untreated conditions at 4-24h in both WT-LRRK2 and T1348N-LRRK2 cell lines to similar extents although levels of Ser910 phosphorylation were maintained at higher levels throughout. Importantly we demonstrate that LPS stimulation significantly decreased phospho-Rab10 but not phospho-Rab8 levels over 4-24h in both WT-LRRK2 and T1348N-LRRK2 cell lines. The dephosphorylation of Rab10 was not attributed to its specific phosphatase, PPM1H as the levels remained unaltered with LPS treatment. MAPK phosphorylation occurred prior to LRRK2 phosphorylation which was validated by blocking TLR4 and TLR2 receptors with TAK242 or Sparstolonin B respectively. A significant decrease in basal level of TNFα release was noted in both T1348N-LRRK2 and KO-LRRK2 cell lines at 48h compared to WT-LRRK2 cell line, however LPS and zymosan treatment did not cause any significant alteration in the TNFα and IL-6 release between the three cell lines. In contrast, LPS and zymosan caused significantly lower IL-10 release in T1348N-LRRK2 and KO-LRRK2 cell lines. A significant decrease in phospho-Rab10 levels was also confirmed in human IPS-derived macrophages with TLR4 activation. Our data demonstrates for the first time that LRRK2-dependent Rab10 phosphorylation is modulated by LPS stimulation, and that cytokine release may be influenced by the status of LRRK2. These data provide further insights into the function of LRRK2 in immune response, and has relevance for understanding cellular dysfunctions when developing LRRK2-based inhibitors for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Nazish
- Reta Lila Weston Institute and Department of Clinical and Movement Neuroscience, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, 1 Wakefield Street, WC1N 1PJ, UK
| | - Charles Arber
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, 1 Wakefield Street, WC1N 1PJ, UK
| | - Thomas M. Piers
- Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, 1 Wakefield Street, WC1N 1PJ, UK
| | - Thomas T. Warner
- Reta Lila Weston Institute and Department of Clinical and Movement Neuroscience, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, 1 Wakefield Street, WC1N 1PJ, UK
| | - John A. Hardy
- Reta Lila Weston Institute and Department of Clinical and Movement Neuroscience, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, 1 Wakefield Street, WC1N 1PJ, UK,Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, 1 Wakefield Street, WC1N 1PJ, UK,Queen Square Genomics, UCL Dementia Research Institute, Wing 1.2 Cruciform Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Patrick A. Lewis
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, 1 Wakefield Street, WC1N 1PJ, UK,Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London, NW1 0TU, UK
| | - Jennifer M. Pocock
- Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, 1 Wakefield Street, WC1N 1PJ, UK
| | - Rina Bandopadhyay
- Reta Lila Weston Institute and Department of Clinical and Movement Neuroscience, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, 1 Wakefield Street, WC1N 1PJ, UK.
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12
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Zhou M, Tang Y, Liao L, Liu M, Deng Y, Zhao X, Li Y. Phillygenin inhibited LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cell inflammation by NF-κB pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 899:174043. [PMID: 33745957 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a common pathological phenomenon when homeostasis is seriously disturbed. Phillygenin (PHI), a lignin component isolated from Forsythiae Fructus, has shown a good anti-inflammatory effect. However, the mechanisms of PHI on anti-inflammation have not yet been systematically elucidated. In this study, the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) - induced RAW264.7 cell inflammation model was established to investigate mechanisms of PHI on inflammation. The effect of PHI on the release of IL-1β and PGE2 inflammatory factors induced by LPS was detected by ELISA, and the mRNA expressions of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were detected by RT-qPCR. Proteomics studied the signaling pathways that might be affected by PHI and molecular docking technology was subsequently used to study the possible targets on proteomic screened pathways. Western blot was performed ultimately to detect progressive changes in protein expression on the related pathway. Our research showed that PHI significantly inhibited the robust increase of IL-1β and PGE2 and lowered the transcriptional level of inflammatory genes including IL-6, IL-1β and PGE2 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Proteomics results indicated that PHI was involved in the regulation of multiple signaling pathways. Molecular docking results indicated that PHI had an affinity for most proteins in NF-κB pathway. Western blot analysis proved that PHI inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB pathway activation. On the whole, PHI inhibited the activation of NF-κB pathway, thereby inhibiting the expression of related inflammatory genes and the release of cytokines, and showed a remarkable anti-inflammatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yunqiu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Li Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Meichen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Ying Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xingtao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yunxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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13
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Sugiyama T, Hobro AJ, Pavillon N, Umakoshi T, Verma P, Smith N. Label-free Raman mapping of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid uptake, storage, and return toward baseline levels in macrophages. Analyst 2021; 146:1268-1280. [PMID: 33346264 DOI: 10.1039/d0an02077j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage uptake and metabolism of fatty acids is involved in a large number of important biological pathways including immune activation and regulation of macrophages, as well as pathological conditions including obesity, atherosclerosis, and others lifestyle diseases. There are few methods available to directly probe both the uptake and later redistribution/metabolism of fatty acids within living cells as well as the potential changes induced within the cells themselves. We use Raman imaging and analysis to evaluate the effects of different fatty acids following their uptake in macrophages. The label-free nature of the methods means that we can evaluate the fatty acid dynamics without modifying endogenous cellular behavior and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Sugiyama
- Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Japan
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14
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Dual Effect of Soloxolone Methyl on LPS-Induced Inflammation In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217876. [PMID: 33114200 PMCID: PMC7660695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-extracted triterpenoids belong to a class of bioactive compounds with pleotropic functions, including antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory effects. In this work, we investigated the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities of a semisynthetic derivative of 18βH-glycyrrhetinic acid (18βH-GA), soloxolone methyl (methyl 2-cyano-3,12-dioxo-18βH-olean-9(11),1(2)-dien-30-oate, or SM) in vitro on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages and in vivo in models of acute inflammation: LPS-induced endotoxemia and carrageenan-induced peritonitis. SM used at non-cytotoxic concentrations was found to attenuate the production of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide (II) and increase the level of reduced glutathione production by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, SM strongly suppressed the phagocytic and migration activity of activated macrophages. These effects were found to be associated with the stimulation of heme oxigenase-1 (HO-1) expression, as well as with the inhibition of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and Akt phosphorylation. Surprisingly, it was found that SM significantly enhanced LPS-induced expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in RAW264.7 cells via activation of the c-Jun/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling axis. In vivo pre-exposure treatment with SM effectively inhibited the development of carrageenan-induced acute inflammation in the peritoneal cavity, but it did not improve LPS-induced inflammation in the endotoxemia model.
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15
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Madenspacher JH, Morrell ED, Gowdy KM, McDonald JG, Thompson BM, Muse G, Martinez J, Thomas S, Mikacenic C, Nick JA, Abraham E, Garantziotis S, Stapleton RD, Meacham JM, Thomassen MJ, Janssen WJ, Cook DN, Wurfel MM, Fessler MB. Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase promotes efferocytosis and resolution of lung inflammation. JCI Insight 2020; 5:137189. [PMID: 32343675 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.137189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages (AM) play a central role in initiation and resolution of lung inflammation, but the integration of these opposing core functions is poorly understood. AM expression of cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (CH25H), the primary biosynthetic enzyme for 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC), far exceeds the expression of macrophages in other tissues, but no role for CH25H has been defined in lung biology. As 25HC is an agonist for the antiinflammatory nuclear receptor, liver X receptor (LXR), we speculated that CH25H might regulate inflammatory homeostasis in the lung. Here, we show that, of natural oxysterols or sterols, 25HC is induced in the inflamed lung of mice and humans. Ch25h-/- mice fail to induce 25HC and LXR target genes in the lung after LPS inhalation and exhibit delayed resolution of airway neutrophilia, which can be rescued by systemic treatment with either 25HC or synthetic LXR agonists. LXR-null mice also display delayed resolution, suggesting that native oxysterols promote resolution. During resolution, Ch25h is induced in macrophages upon their encounter with apoptotic cells and is required for LXR-dependent prevention of AM lipid overload, induction of Mertk, efferocytic resolution of airway neutrophilia, and induction of TGF-β. CH25H/25HC/LXR is, thus, an inducible metabolic axis that programs AMs for efferocytic resolution of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer H Madenspacher
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Eric D Morrell
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kymberly M Gowdy
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, and.,Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jeffrey G McDonald
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Bonne M Thompson
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Ginger Muse
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jennifer Martinez
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Seddon Thomas
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Carmen Mikacenic
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jerry A Nick
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Edward Abraham
- Department of Medicine, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Stavros Garantziotis
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Renee D Stapleton
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Julie M Meacham
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mary Jane Thomassen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - William J Janssen
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Donald N Cook
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mark M Wurfel
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michael B Fessler
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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16
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Marentette JO, Wang M, Michel CR, Powell R, Zhang X, Reisdorph N, Fritz KS, Ju C. Multi-omics Analysis of Liver Infiltrating Macrophages Following Ethanol Consumption. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7776. [PMID: 31123328 PMCID: PMC6533323 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43240-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a significant health hazard and economic burden affecting approximately 10 million people in the United States. ALD stems from the production of toxic-reactive metabolites, oxidative stress and fat accumulation in hepatocytes which ultimately results in hepatocyte death promoting hepatitis and fibrosis deposition. Monocyte-derived infiltrating Ly6Chi and Ly6Clow macrophages are instrumental in perpetuating and resolving the hepatitis and fibrosis associated with ALD pathogenesis. In the present study we isolated liver infiltrating macrophages from mice on an ethanol diet and subjected them to metabolomic and proteomic analysis to provide a broad assessment of the cellular metabolite and protein differences between infiltrating macrophage phenotypes. We identified numerous differentially regulated metabolites and proteins between Ly6Chi and Ly6Clow macrophages. Bioinformatic analysis for pathway enrichment of the differentially regulated metabolites showed a significant number of metabolites involved in the processes of glycerophospholipid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism and phospholipid biosynthesis. From analysis of the infiltrating macrophage proteome, we observed a significant enrichment in the biological processes of antigen presentation, actin polymerization and organization, phagocytosis and apoptotic regulation. The data presented herein could yield exciting new research avenues for the analysis of signaling pathways regulating macrophage polarization in ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- John O Marentette
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Meng Wang
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Cole R Michel
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Roger Powell
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Xing Zhang
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Nichole Reisdorph
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Kristofer S Fritz
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Cynthia Ju
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
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17
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Huang Z, Liang N, Damdimopoulos A, Fan R, Treuter E. G protein pathway suppressor 2 (GPS2) links inflammation and cholesterol efflux by controlling lipopolysaccharide‐induced ATP‐binding cassette transporter A1 expression in macrophages. FASEB J 2018; 33:1631-1643. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801123r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Huang
- Department of Biosciences and NutritionCenter for Innovative Medicine (CIMED)Karolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
| | - Ning Liang
- Department of Biosciences and NutritionCenter for Innovative Medicine (CIMED)Karolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
| | - Anastasius Damdimopoulos
- Department of Biosciences and NutritionCenter for Innovative Medicine (CIMED)Karolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
| | - Rongrong Fan
- Department of Biosciences and NutritionCenter for Innovative Medicine (CIMED)Karolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
| | - Eckardt Treuter
- Department of Biosciences and NutritionCenter for Innovative Medicine (CIMED)Karolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
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18
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Kim Y, Gromovsky AD, Brown JM, Chung S. Gamma-tocotrienol attenuates the aberrant lipid mediator production in NLRP3 inflammasome-stimulated macrophages. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 58:169-177. [PMID: 29957361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in innate immune cells is associated with enhanced production of pro-inflammatory lipid mediator eicosanoids that play a crucial role in propagating inflammation. Gamma-tocotrienol (γT3) is an unsaturated vitamin E that has been demonstrated to attenuate NLRP3-inflammasome. However, the role of γT3 in regulating eicosanoid formation is unknown. We hypothesized that γT3 abolishes the eicosanoid production by modulating the macrophage lipidome. LPS-primed bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) were stimulated with saturated fatty acids (SFA) along with γT3, and the effects of γT3 in modulating macrophage lipidome were quantified by using mass spectrometry based-shotgun lipidomic approaches. The SFA-mediated inflammasome activation induced robust changes in lipid species of glycerolipids (GL), glycerophospholipids (GPL), and sphingolipids in BMDM, which were distinctly different in the γT3-treated BMDM. The γT3 treatment caused substantial decreases of lysophospholipids (LysoPL), diacylglycerol (DAG), and free arachidonic acid (AA, C20:4), indicating that γT3 limits the availability of AA, the precursor for eicosanoids. This was confirmed by the pulse-chase experiment using [3H]-AA, and by diminished prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) secretion by ELISA. Concurrently, γT3 inhibited LPS-induced cyclooxygenases 2 (COX2) induction, further suppressing prostaglandin synthesis. In addition, γT3 attenuated ceramide synthesis by transcriptional downregulation of key enzymes for de novo synthesis. The altered lipid metabolism during inflammation is linked to reduced ATP production, which was partly rescued by γT3. Taken together, our work revealed that γT3 induces distinct modification of the macrophage lipidome to reduce AA release and corresponding lipid mediator synthesis, leading to attenuated cellular lipotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongeun Kim
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE
| | - Anthony D Gromovsky
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - J Mark Brown
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Soonkyu Chung
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE.
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19
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Wang LC, Wei WH, Zhang XW, Liu D, Zeng KW, Tu PF. An Integrated Proteomics and Bioinformatics Approach Reveals the Anti-inflammatory Mechanism of Carnosic Acid. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:370. [PMID: 29713284 PMCID: PMC5911474 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Drastic macrophages activation triggered by exogenous infection or endogenous stresses is thought to be implicated in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases. Carnosic acid (CA), a natural phenolic diterpene extracted from Salvia officinalis plant, has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory activity. However, its role in macrophages activation as well as potential molecular mechanism is largely unexplored. In the current study, we sought to elucidate the anti-inflammatory property of CA using an integrated approach based on unbiased proteomics and bioinformatics analysis. CA significantly inhibited the robust increase of nitric oxide and TNF-α, downregulated COX2 protein expression, and lowered the transcriptional level of inflammatory genes including Nos2, Tnfα, Cox2, and Mcp1 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, a murine model of peritoneal macrophage cell line. The LC-MS/MS-based shotgun proteomics analysis showed CA negatively regulated 217 LPS-elicited proteins which were involved in multiple inflammatory processes including MAPK, nuclear factor (NF)-κB, and FoxO signaling pathways. A further molecular biology analysis revealed that CA effectually inactivated IKKβ/IκB-α/NF-κB, ERK/JNK/p38 MAPKs, and FoxO1/3 signaling pathways. Collectively, our findings demonstrated the role of CA in regulating inflammation response and provide some insights into the proteomics-guided pharmacological mechanism study of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Hui Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Proteomics Laboratory, Medical and Healthy Analytical Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ke-Wu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng-Fei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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20
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Okuno T, Gijón MA, Zarini S, Martin SA, Barkley RM, Johnson CA, Ohba M, Yokomizo T, Murphy RC. Altered eicosanoid production and phospholipid remodeling during cell culture. J Lipid Res 2018; 59:542-549. [PMID: 29353239 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m083030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The remodeling of PUFAs by the Lands cycle is responsible for the diversity of phospholipid molecular species found in cells. There have not been detailed studies of the alteration of phospholipid molecular species as a result of serum starvation or depletion of PUFAs that typically occurs during tissue culture. The time-dependent effect of cell culture on phospholipid molecular species in RAW 264.7 cells cultured for 24, 48, or 72 h was examined by lipidomic strategies. These cells were then stimulated to produce arachidonate metabolites derived from the cyclooxygenase pathway, thromboxane B2, PGE2, and PGD2, and the 5-lipoxygenase pathway, leukotriene (LT)B4, LTC4, and 5-HETE, which decreased with increasing time in culture. However, the 5-lipoxygenase metabolites of a 20:3 fatty acid, LTB3, all trans-LTB3, LTC3, and 5-hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid, time-dependently increased. Molecular species of arachidonate containing phospholipids were drastically remodeled during cell culture, with a new 20:3 acyl group being populated into phospholipids to replace increasingly scarce arachidonate. In addition, the amount of TNFα induced by lipopolysaccharide stimulation was significantly increased in the cells cultured for 72 h compared with 24 h, suggesting that the remodeling of PUFAs enhanced inflammatory response. These studies supported the rapid operation of the Lands cycle to maintain cell growth and viability by populating PUFA species; however, without sufficient n-6 fatty acids, 20:3 n-9 accumulated, resulting in altered lipid mediator biosynthesis and inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Okuno
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Miguel A Gijón
- Department of Pharmacology, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Simona Zarini
- Department of Pharmacology, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Sarah A Martin
- Department of Pharmacology, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Robert M Barkley
- Department of Pharmacology, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Christopher A Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Mai Ohba
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Takehiko Yokomizo
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Robert C Murphy
- Department of Pharmacology, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045
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Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Herbal Formula SC-E3 in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:1725246. [PMID: 29234366 PMCID: PMC5662831 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1725246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
SC-E3 is a novel herbal formula composed of five oriental medicinal herbs that are used to treat a wide range of inflammatory diseases in Korean traditional medicine. In this study, we sought to determine the effects of SC-E3 on free radical generation and inflammatory response in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) treated RAW 264.7 macrophages and the molecular mechanism involved. The ethanol extract of SC-E3 showed good free radical scavenging activity and inhibited LPS-induced reactive oxygen species generation. SC-E3 significantly inhibited the production of the LPS-induced inflammatory mediators, nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2, by suppressing the expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2, respectively. SC-E3 also prevented the secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, and inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB activation and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Furthermore, SC-E3 induced the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) by promoting the nuclear translocation and transactivation of Nrf2. Taken together, these results suggest that SC-E3 has potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and that these effects are due to the inhibitions of NF-κB and MAPK and the induction of Nrf2-mediated HO-1 expression in macrophages. These findings provide scientific evidence supporting the potential use of SC-E3 for the treatment and prevention of various inflammatory diseases.
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Hossain MA, Lee SJ, Park NH, Mechesso AF, Birhanu BT, Kang J, Reza MA, Suh JW, Park SC. Impact of phenolic compounds in the acyl homoserine lactone-mediated quorum sensing regulatory pathways. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10618. [PMID: 28878346 PMCID: PMC5587592 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10997-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) is a cell density-dependent regulation of virulent bacterial gene expression by autoinducers that potentially pertains in the epidemic of bacterial virulence. This study was initially designed to evaluate the effect of 5 phenolic compounds in the modulation of QS and virulence factors of Chromobacterium violaceum and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and to determine the mechanisms of their effects. Biosensor strains were used to assess antibacterial and anti-QS effect of these compounds. Only methyl gallate (MG) among these compounds demonstrated profound anti-QS effect in the preliminary study, and thus only MG was utilized further to evaluate the effects on the synthesis and activity of acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) in C. violaceum and on the modulation of biofilm, motility, proteolytic, elastase, pyocyanin, and rhamnolipid activity in P. aeruginosa. Finally, the effect of MG on the expression of QS-regulated genes of P. aeruginosa was verified. MG suppressed both the synthesis and activity of AHL in C. violaceum. It also restricted the biofilm formation and other QS-associated virulence factor of P. aeruginosa. MG concentration-dependently suppressed the expression of lasI/R, rhlI/R, and pqsA of P. aeruginosa and was non-toxic in in vitro study. This is the first report of the anti-QS mechanism of MG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Akil Hossain
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea.,Veterinary drugs & Biologics Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (QIA), 177, Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Jin Lee
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Hye Park
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Abraham Fikru Mechesso
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Biruk Tesfaye Birhanu
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - JeongWoo Kang
- Veterinary drugs & Biologics Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (QIA), 177, Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Ahsanur Reza
- Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University (Outer Campus), Babugonj, Barisal, 8210, Bangladesh
| | - Joo-Won Suh
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Science campus, Myongji University, 449-728, Yongin, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Chun Park
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Li Z, Martin M, Zhang J, Huang HY, Bai L, Zhang J, Kang J, He M, Li J, Maurya MR, Gupta S, Zhou G, Sangwung P, Xu YJ, Lei T, Huang HD, Jain M, Jain MK, Subramaniam S, Shyy JYJ. Krüppel-Like Factor 4 Regulation of Cholesterol-25-Hydroxylase and Liver X Receptor Mitigates Atherosclerosis Susceptibility. Circulation 2017; 136:1315-1330. [PMID: 28794002 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.027462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is a multifaceted inflammatory disease involving cells in the vascular wall (eg, endothelial cells [ECs]), as well as circulating and resident immunogenic cells (eg, monocytes/macrophages). Acting as a ligand for liver X receptor (LXR), but an inhibitor of SREBP2 (sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2), 25-hydroxycholesterol, and its catalyzing enzyme cholesterol-25-hydroxylase (Ch25h) are important in regulating cellular inflammatory status and cholesterol biosynthesis in both ECs and monocytes/macrophages. METHODS Bioinformatic analyses were used to investigate RNA-sequencing data to identify cholesterol oxidation and efflux genes regulated by Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4). In vitro experiments involving cultured ECs and macrophages and in vivo methods involving mice with Ch25h ablation were then used to explore the atheroprotective role of KLF4-Ch25h/LXR. RESULTS Vasoprotective stimuli increased the expression of Ch25h and LXR via KLF4. The KLF4-Ch25h/LXR homeostatic axis functions through suppressing inflammation, evidenced by the reduction of inflammasome activity in ECs and the promotion of M1 to M2 phenotypic transition in macrophages. The increased atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-/-/Ch25h-/- mice further demonstrates the beneficial role of the KLF4-Ch25h/LXR axis in vascular function and disease. CONCLUSIONS KLF4 transactivates Ch25h and LXR, thereby promoting the synergistic effects between ECs and macrophages to protect against atherosclerosis susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Li
- From Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.M., Jin Zhang, J.K., M.H., Y.-J.X., M.J., J.Y.-J.S.);Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.R.M., S.G.); Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Riverside (M.M.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (H.-Y.H., H.-D.H.); and Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH (G.Z., P.S., M.K.J.)
| | - Marcy Martin
- From Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.M., Jin Zhang, J.K., M.H., Y.-J.X., M.J., J.Y.-J.S.);Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.R.M., S.G.); Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Riverside (M.M.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (H.-Y.H., H.-D.H.); and Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH (G.Z., P.S., M.K.J.)
| | - Jin Zhang
- From Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.M., Jin Zhang, J.K., M.H., Y.-J.X., M.J., J.Y.-J.S.);Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.R.M., S.G.); Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Riverside (M.M.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (H.-Y.H., H.-D.H.); and Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH (G.Z., P.S., M.K.J.)
| | - Hsi-Yuan Huang
- From Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.M., Jin Zhang, J.K., M.H., Y.-J.X., M.J., J.Y.-J.S.);Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.R.M., S.G.); Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Riverside (M.M.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (H.-Y.H., H.-D.H.); and Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH (G.Z., P.S., M.K.J.)
| | - Liang Bai
- From Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.M., Jin Zhang, J.K., M.H., Y.-J.X., M.J., J.Y.-J.S.);Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.R.M., S.G.); Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Riverside (M.M.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (H.-Y.H., H.-D.H.); and Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH (G.Z., P.S., M.K.J.)
| | - Jiao Zhang
- From Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.M., Jin Zhang, J.K., M.H., Y.-J.X., M.J., J.Y.-J.S.);Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.R.M., S.G.); Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Riverside (M.M.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (H.-Y.H., H.-D.H.); and Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH (G.Z., P.S., M.K.J.)
| | - Jian Kang
- From Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.M., Jin Zhang, J.K., M.H., Y.-J.X., M.J., J.Y.-J.S.);Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.R.M., S.G.); Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Riverside (M.M.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (H.-Y.H., H.-D.H.); and Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH (G.Z., P.S., M.K.J.)
| | - Ming He
- From Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.M., Jin Zhang, J.K., M.H., Y.-J.X., M.J., J.Y.-J.S.);Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.R.M., S.G.); Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Riverside (M.M.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (H.-Y.H., H.-D.H.); and Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH (G.Z., P.S., M.K.J.)
| | - Jie Li
- From Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.M., Jin Zhang, J.K., M.H., Y.-J.X., M.J., J.Y.-J.S.);Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.R.M., S.G.); Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Riverside (M.M.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (H.-Y.H., H.-D.H.); and Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH (G.Z., P.S., M.K.J.)
| | - Mano R Maurya
- From Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.M., Jin Zhang, J.K., M.H., Y.-J.X., M.J., J.Y.-J.S.);Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.R.M., S.G.); Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Riverside (M.M.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (H.-Y.H., H.-D.H.); and Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH (G.Z., P.S., M.K.J.)
| | - Shakti Gupta
- From Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.M., Jin Zhang, J.K., M.H., Y.-J.X., M.J., J.Y.-J.S.);Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.R.M., S.G.); Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Riverside (M.M.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (H.-Y.H., H.-D.H.); and Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH (G.Z., P.S., M.K.J.)
| | - Guangjin Zhou
- From Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.M., Jin Zhang, J.K., M.H., Y.-J.X., M.J., J.Y.-J.S.);Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.R.M., S.G.); Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Riverside (M.M.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (H.-Y.H., H.-D.H.); and Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH (G.Z., P.S., M.K.J.)
| | - Panjamaporn Sangwung
- From Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.M., Jin Zhang, J.K., M.H., Y.-J.X., M.J., J.Y.-J.S.);Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.R.M., S.G.); Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Riverside (M.M.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (H.-Y.H., H.-D.H.); and Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH (G.Z., P.S., M.K.J.)
| | - Yong-Jiang Xu
- From Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.M., Jin Zhang, J.K., M.H., Y.-J.X., M.J., J.Y.-J.S.);Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.R.M., S.G.); Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Riverside (M.M.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (H.-Y.H., H.-D.H.); and Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH (G.Z., P.S., M.K.J.)
| | - Ting Lei
- From Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.M., Jin Zhang, J.K., M.H., Y.-J.X., M.J., J.Y.-J.S.);Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.R.M., S.G.); Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Riverside (M.M.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (H.-Y.H., H.-D.H.); and Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH (G.Z., P.S., M.K.J.)
| | - Hsien-Da Huang
- From Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.M., Jin Zhang, J.K., M.H., Y.-J.X., M.J., J.Y.-J.S.);Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.R.M., S.G.); Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Riverside (M.M.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (H.-Y.H., H.-D.H.); and Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH (G.Z., P.S., M.K.J.)
| | - Mohit Jain
- From Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.M., Jin Zhang, J.K., M.H., Y.-J.X., M.J., J.Y.-J.S.);Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.R.M., S.G.); Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Riverside (M.M.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (H.-Y.H., H.-D.H.); and Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH (G.Z., P.S., M.K.J.)
| | - Mukesh K Jain
- From Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.M., Jin Zhang, J.K., M.H., Y.-J.X., M.J., J.Y.-J.S.);Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.R.M., S.G.); Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Riverside (M.M.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (H.-Y.H., H.-D.H.); and Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH (G.Z., P.S., M.K.J.)
| | - Shankar Subramaniam
- From Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.M., Jin Zhang, J.K., M.H., Y.-J.X., M.J., J.Y.-J.S.);Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.R.M., S.G.); Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Riverside (M.M.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (H.-Y.H., H.-D.H.); and Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH (G.Z., P.S., M.K.J.)
| | - John Y-J Shyy
- From Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China (Z.L., Jin Zhang, L.B., Jiao Zhang, M.H., J.L., T.L., J.Y.-J.S.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.M., Jin Zhang, J.K., M.H., Y.-J.X., M.J., J.Y.-J.S.);Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.R.M., S.G.); Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Riverside (M.M.); Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan (H.-Y.H., H.-D.H.); and Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH (G.Z., P.S., M.K.J.).
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24
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Le Roux G, Moche H, Nieto A, Benoit JP, Nesslany F, Lagarce F. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of lipid nanocapsules. Toxicol In Vitro 2017; 41:189-199. [PMID: 28323104 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Lipid nanocapsules (LNCs) offer a promising method for the entrapment and nanovectorisation of lipophilic molecules. This new type of nanocarrier, formulated according to a solvent-free process and using only regulatory-approved components, exhibits many prerequisites for being well tolerated. Although toxicological reference values have already been obtained in mice, interaction of LNCs at the cell level needs to be elucidated. LNCs, measuring from 27.0±0.1nm (25nm LNCs) and 112.1±1.8nm (100nm LNCs) and with a zeta potential between -38.7±1.2mV and +9.18±0.4mV, were obtained by a phase inversion process followed by post-insertion of carboxy- or amino-DSPE-PEG. Trypan blue, MTS and neutral red uptake (NRU) assays were performed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of LNCs on mouse macrophage-like cells RAW264.7 after 24h of exposure. The determination of 50% lethal concentration (LC50) showed a size effect of LNCs on toxicity profiles: LC50 ranged from 1.036mg/L (MTS) and 0.477mg/mL (NRU) for 25nm LNCs, to 4.42mg/mL (MTS) and 2.18mg/mL (NRU) for 100nm LNCs. Surfactant Solutol® HS15 has been shown to be the only constituent to exhibit cytotoxicity; its LC50 reached 0.427mg/mL. Moreover, LNCs were not more toxic than their components in simple mixtures. At sublethal concentration, 100nm LNCs only were able to induce a significant production of nitric oxide (NO) by RAW264.7 cells, as assessed by the Griess reaction. Again, surfactant was the only component responsible for an increased NO release (1.8±0.2-fold). Genotoxicity assays revealed no DNA damage on human lymphocytes in both the in vitro Comet and micronucleus assays using 4-hour and 24-hour treatments, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaël Le Roux
- L'UNAM Université, Inserm U1066 MINT, CHU d'Angers, 49933 Angers Cedex 9, France.
| | - Hélène Moche
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA 4483, 59019 Lille Cedex, France
| | - Alejandro Nieto
- L'UNAM Université, Inserm U1066 MINT, CHU d'Angers, 49933 Angers Cedex 9, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Benoit
- L'UNAM Université, Inserm U1066 MINT, CHU d'Angers, 49933 Angers Cedex 9, France
| | - Fabrice Nesslany
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA 4483, 59019 Lille Cedex, France
| | - Frédéric Lagarce
- L'UNAM Université, Inserm U1066 MINT, CHU d'Angers, 49933 Angers Cedex 9, France
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25
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Ilexgenin A, a novel pentacyclic triterpenoid extracted from Aquifoliaceae shows reduction of LPS-induced peritonitis in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 797:94-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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26
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Jamalzadeh L, Ghafoori H, Sariri R, Rabuti H, Nasirzade J, Hasani H, Aghamaali MR. Cytotoxic Effects of Some Common Organic Solvents on MCF-7, RAW-264.7 and Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.17795/ajmb-33453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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27
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Gupta S, Kihara Y, Maurya MR, Norris PC, Dennis EA, Subramaniam S. Computational Modeling of Competitive Metabolism between ω3- and ω6-Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Inflammatory Macrophages. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:8346-53. [PMID: 27063350 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b02036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (AA), a representative ω6-polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), is a precursor of 2-series prostaglandins (PGs) that play important roles in inflammation, pain, fever, and related disorders including cardiovascular diseases. Eating fish or supplementation with the ω3-PUFAs such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is widely assumed to be beneficial in preventing cardiovascular diseases. A proposed mechanism for a cardio-protective role of ω3-PUFAs assumes competition between AA and ω3-PUFAs for cyclooxygenases (COX), leading to reduced production of 2-series PGs. In this study, we have used a systems biology approach to integrate existing knowledge and novel high-throughput data that facilitates a quantitative understanding of the molecular mechanism of ω3- and ω6-PUFA metabolism in mammalian cells. We have developed a quantitative computational model of the competitive metabolism of AA and EPA via the COX pathway through a two-step matrix-based approach to estimate the rate constants. This model was developed by using lipidomic data sets that were experimentally obtained from EPA-supplemented ATP-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. The resulting model fits the experimental data well for all metabolites and demonstrates that the integrated metabolic and signaling networks and the experimental data are consistent with one another. The robustness of the model was validated through parametric sensitivity and uncertainty analysis. We also validated the model by predicting the results from other independent experiments involving AA- and DHA-supplemented ATP-stimulated RAW264.7 cells using the parameters estimated with EPA. Furthermore, we showed that the higher affinity of EPA binding to COX compared with AA was able to inhibit AA metabolism effectively. Thus, our model captures the essential features of competitive metabolism of ω3- and ω6-PUFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakti Gupta
- Department of Bioengineering and San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California at San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0412, United States
| | - Yasuyuki Kihara
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0601, United States
| | - Mano R Maurya
- Department of Bioengineering and San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California at San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0412, United States
| | - Paul C Norris
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0601, United States
| | - Edward A Dennis
- Departments of Computer Science and Engineering and Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0651, United States
| | - Shankar Subramaniam
- Department of Bioengineering and San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California at San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0412, United States.,Departments of Computer Science and Engineering and Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0651, United States
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28
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Wen L, Chen Y, Zhang L, Yu H, Xu Z, You H, Cheng Y. Rice protein hydrolysates (RPHs) inhibit the LPS-stimulated inflammatory response and phagocytosis in RAW264.7 macrophages by regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra08927e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Different RPH components inhibit LPS-induced NO and TNF-α production. RPHs-C-7-3 inhibits the expression of pro-inflammatory expression. RPHs-C-7-3 suppresses the LPS-stimulated phagocytic ability. RPHs-C-7-3 regulates the nuclear translocation of p65.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wen
- Department of Food and Biological Engineering
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Changsha University of Science and Technology
- Changsha 410114
- China
| | - Yuehua Chen
- Department of Food and Biological Engineering
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Changsha University of Science and Technology
- Changsha 410114
- China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine
- Ministry of Health
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine
- Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine
- Wuxi 214063
| | - Huixin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine
- Ministry of Health
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine
- Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine
- Wuxi 214063
| | - Zhou Xu
- Department of Food and Biological Engineering
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Changsha University of Science and Technology
- Changsha 410114
- China
| | - Haixi You
- Department of Food and Biological Engineering
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Changsha University of Science and Technology
- Changsha 410114
- China
| | - Yunhui Cheng
- Department of Food and Biological Engineering
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Changsha University of Science and Technology
- Changsha 410114
- China
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29
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Peng H, Wu X, Zhao L, Feng Y. Dynamic analysis of phospholipid metabolism of mouse macrophages treated with common non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 411:161-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2578-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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30
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Heinz LX, Baumann CL, Köberlin MS, Snijder B, Gawish R, Shui G, Sharif O, Aspalter IM, Müller AC, Kandasamy RK, Breitwieser FP, Pichlmair A, Bruckner M, Rebsamen M, Blüml S, Karonitsch T, Fauster A, Colinge J, Bennett KL, Knapp S, Wenk MR, Superti-Furga G. The Lipid-Modifying Enzyme SMPDL3B Negatively Regulates Innate Immunity. Cell Rep 2015; 11:1919-28. [PMID: 26095358 PMCID: PMC4508342 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism and receptor-mediated signaling are highly intertwined processes that cooperate to fulfill cellular functions and safeguard cellular homeostasis. Activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) leads to a complex cellular response, orchestrating a diverse range of inflammatory events that need to be tightly controlled. Here, we identified the GPI-anchored Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase, Acid-Like 3B (SMPDL3B) in a mass spectrometry screening campaign for membrane proteins co-purifying with TLRs. Deficiency of Smpdl3b in macrophages enhanced responsiveness to TLR stimulation and profoundly changed the cellular lipid composition and membrane fluidity. Increased cellular responses could be reverted by re-introducing affected ceramides, functionally linking membrane lipid composition and innate immune signaling. Finally, Smpdl3b-deficient mice displayed an intensified inflammatory response in TLR-dependent peritonitis models, establishing its negative regulatory role in vivo. Taken together, our results identify the membrane-modulating enzyme SMPDL3B as a negative regulator of TLR signaling that functions at the interface of membrane biology and innate immunity. Identification of SMPDL3B as lipid-modulating phosphodiesterase on macrophages Negative regulatory role for SMPDL3B in Toll-like receptor function Strong influence of SMPDL3B on membrane lipid composition and fluidity Smpdl3b-deficient mice show enhanced responsiveness in TLR-dependent peritonitis
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonhard X Heinz
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph L Baumann
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marielle S Köberlin
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Berend Snijder
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Riem Gawish
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Department of Medicine I, Laboratory of Infection Biology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Guanghou Shui
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Omar Sharif
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Department of Medicine I, Laboratory of Infection Biology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Irene M Aspalter
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - André C Müller
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard K Kandasamy
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian P Breitwieser
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Pichlmair
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuela Bruckner
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuele Rebsamen
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephan Blüml
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Karonitsch
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Astrid Fauster
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jacques Colinge
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Keiryn L Bennett
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sylvia Knapp
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Department of Medicine I, Laboratory of Infection Biology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus R Wenk
- Department of Biochemistry and Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, University of Basel, 4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Giulio Superti-Furga
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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31
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Shewale SV, Boudyguina E, Zhu X, Shen L, Hutchins PM, Barkley RM, Murphy RC, Parks JS. Botanical oils enriched in n-6 and n-3 FADS2 products are equally effective in preventing atherosclerosis and fatty liver. J Lipid Res 2015; 56:1191-205. [PMID: 25921305 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m059170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Echium oil (EO), which is enriched in 18:4 n-3, the immediate product of fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) desaturation of 18:3 n-3, is as atheroprotective as fish oil (FO). The objective of this study was to determine whether botanical oils enriched in the FADS2 products 18:3 n-6 versus 18:4 n-3 are equally atheroprotective. LDL receptor KO mice were fed one of four atherogenic diets containing 0.2% cholesterol and 10% calories as palm oil (PO) plus 10% calories as: 1) PO; 2) borage oil (BO; 18:3 n-6 enriched); 3) EO (18:4 n-3 enriched); or 4) FO for 16 weeks. Mice fed BO, EO, and FO versus PO had significantly lower plasma total and VLDL cholesterol concentrations; hepatic neutral lipid content and inflammation, aortic CE content, aortic root intimal area and macrophage content; and peritoneal macrophage inflammation, CE content, and ex vivo chemotaxis. Atheromas lacked oxidized CEs despite abundant generation of macrophage 12/15 lipooxygenase-derived metabolites. We conclude that botanical oils enriched in 18:3 n-6 and 18:4 n-3 PUFAs beyond the rate-limiting FADS2 enzyme are equally effective in preventing atherosclerosis and hepatosteatosis compared with saturated/monounsaturated fat due to cellular enrichment of ≥20 PUFAs, reduced plasma VLDL, and attenuated macrophage inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnil V Shewale
- Departments of Internal Medicine-Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 Physiology/Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Elena Boudyguina
- Departments of Internal Medicine-Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Xuewei Zhu
- Departments of Internal Medicine-Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Lulu Shen
- Departments of Internal Medicine-Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Patrick M Hutchins
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Robert M Barkley
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Robert C Murphy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - John S Parks
- Departments of Internal Medicine-Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
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32
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Cho WK, Weeratunga P, Lee BH, Park JS, Kim CJ, Ma JY, Lee JS. Epimedium koreanum Nakai displays broad spectrum of antiviral activity in vitro and in vivo by inducing cellular antiviral state. Viruses 2015; 7:352-77. [PMID: 25609307 PMCID: PMC4306843 DOI: 10.3390/v7010352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Epimedium koreanum Nakai has been extensively used in traditional Korean and Chinese medicine to treat a variety of diseases. Despite the plant's known immune modulatory potential and chemical make-up, scientific information on its antiviral properties and mode of action have not been completely investigated. In this study, the broad antiviral spectrum and mode of action of an aqueous extract from Epimedium koreanum Nakai was evaluated in vitro, and moreover, the protective effect against divergent influenza A subtypes was determined in BALB/c mice. An effective dose of Epimedium koreanum Nakai markedly reduced the replication of Influenza A Virus (PR8), Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV), Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) and Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) in RAW264.7 and HEK293T cells. Mechanically, we found that an aqueous extract from Epimedium koreanum Nakai induced the secretion of type I IFN and pro-inflammatory cytokines and the subsequent stimulation of the antiviral state in cells. Among various components present in the extract, quercetin was confirmed to have striking antiviral properties. The oral administration of Epimedium koreanum Nakai exhibited preventive effects on BALB/c mice against lethal doses of highly pathogenic influenza A subtypes (H1N1, H5N2, H7N3 and H9N2). Therefore, an extract of Epimedium koreanum Nakai and its components play roles as immunomodulators in the innate immune response, and may be potential candidates for prophylactic or therapeutic treatments against diverse viruses in animal and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Kyung Cho
- Korean Medicine (KM) Based Herbal Drug Development Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Deajeon 305-764, Korea.
| | - Prasanna Weeratunga
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 220 Gung-Dong, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-764, Korea.
| | - Byeong-Hoon Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 220 Gung-Dong, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-764, Korea.
| | - Jun-Seol Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 220 Gung-Dong, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-764, Korea.
| | - Chul-Joong Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 220 Gung-Dong, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-764, Korea.
| | - Jin Yeul Ma
- Korean Medicine (KM) Based Herbal Drug Development Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Deajeon 305-764, Korea.
| | - Jong-Soo Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 220 Gung-Dong, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-764, Korea.
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33
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Anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of the green fruit extract of Solanum integrifolium Poir. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:953873. [PMID: 25133186 PMCID: PMC4123553 DOI: 10.1155/2014/953873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The green fruit of Solanum integrifolium Poir. has been used traditionally as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic remedy in Taiwanese aboriginal medicine. The goal of this study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity and mechanism of the green fruit extract of S. integrifolium. A bioactivity-guided fractionation procedure was developed to identify the active partition fraction. The methanol fraction (ME), with the highest phenolic content, exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect against LPS-mediated nitric oxide (NO) release and cytotoxicity in RAW264.7 macrophages. ME also significantly downregulated the expression of LPS-induced proinflammatory genes, such as iNOS, COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6, CCL2/MCP-1, and CCL3/MIP1α. Moreover, ME significantly upregulated HO-1 expression and stimulated the activation of extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). Pretreatment of cells with the HO-1 inhibitor zinc protoporphyrin and MEK/ERK inhibitor U0126 attenuated ME's inhibitory activity against LPS-induced NO production. Taken together, this is the first study to demonstrate the anti-inflammatory activity of green fruit extract of S. integrifolium and its activity may be mediated by the upregulation of HO-1 expression and activation of ERK1/2 pathway.
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34
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Lu M, Kho T, Munford RS. Prolonged triglyceride storage in macrophages: pHo trumps pO2 and TLR4. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 193:1392-7. [PMID: 24973452 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1400886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Lipid-laden macrophages contribute to pathologies as diverse as atherosclerosis and tuberculosis. Three common stimuli are known to promote macrophage lipid storage: low tissue oxygen tension (pO2), low extracellular pH (pHo), and exposure to agonists such as bacterial LPS. Noting that cells responding to low pO2 or agonistic bacterial molecules often decrease pHo by secreting lactic and other carboxylic acids, we studied how pHo influences the stimulation of triacylglycerol (TAG) storage by low pO2 and LPS. We found that TAG retention after incubation for 48-72 h was inversely related to pHo when primary macrophages were cultured in 21% oxygen, 4% oxygen, or with LPS at either oxygen concentration. Maintaining pHo at ~7.4 was sufficient to prevent the increase in prolonged TAG storage induced by either low pO2 or LPS. The strong influence of pHo on TAG retention may explain why lipid-laden macrophages are found in some tissue environments and not in others. It is also possible that other long-term cellular changes currently attributed to low pO2 or bacterial agonists may be promoted, at least in part, by the decrease in pHo that these stimuli induce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfang Lu
- Antibacterial Host Defense Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Terry Kho
- Antibacterial Host Defense Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Robert S Munford
- Antibacterial Host Defense Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
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Lee J, Kim S, Namgung H, Jo YH, Bao C, Choi HK, Auh JH, Lee HJ. Ellagic acid identified through metabolomic analysis is an active metabolite in strawberry ('Seolhyang') regulating lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:3954-3962. [PMID: 24195637 DOI: 10.1021/jf4038503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study employed the metabolomic approach to identify the key constituent exerting anti-inflammatory activity in murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Among the six different fractions (SF1-SF6) of the strawberry 'Seolhyang', SF4 showed more significant inhibition on iNOS expression than SF3, and ellagic acid was determined as the most significant different component between SF4 and SF3 using orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis. Ellagic acid (0.3 and 1.0 μM) and SF4 (100 μg/mL) were found to regulate the same inflammatory mediators, inhibitory κB (IκB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), which led to the reduction of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and iNOS expressions. These results demonstrate that ellagic acid from strawberry 'Seolhyang' is the major component playing a crucial role in inflammation, suggesting the possible application of metabolomic analysis to determining the key ingredients having biological functions in the complicated food matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehoo Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University , Anseong 456-756, South Korea
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Huang YL, Morales-Rosado J, Ray J, Myers TG, Kho T, Lu M, Munford RS. Toll-like receptor agonists promote prolonged triglyceride storage in macrophages. J Biol Chem 2013; 289:3001-12. [PMID: 24337578 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.524587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages in infected tissues may sense microbial molecules that significantly alter their metabolism. In a seeming paradox, these critical host defense cells often respond by increasing glucose catabolism while simultaneously storing fatty acids (FA) as triglycerides (TAG) in lipid droplets. We used a load-chase strategy to study the mechanisms that promote long term retention of TAG in murine and human macrophages. Toll-like receptor (TLR)1/2, TLR3, and TLR4 agonists all induced the cells to retain TAG for ≥3 days. Prolonged TAG retention was accompanied by the following: (a) enhanced FA uptake and FA incorporation into TAG, with long lasting increases in acyl-CoA synthetase long 1 (ACSL1) and diacylglycerol acyltransferase-2 (DGAT2), and (b) decreases in lipolysis and FA β-oxidation that paralleled a prolonged drop in adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL). TLR agonist-induced TAG storage is a multifaceted process that persists long after most early pro-inflammatory responses have subsided and may contribute to the formation of "lipid-laden" macrophages in infected tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-ling Huang
- From the Antibacterial Host Defense Section, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases
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Abstract
The ability to regulate gene expression in a cell-specific manner is a feature of many broadly expressed signal-dependent transcription factors (SDTFs), including nuclear hormone receptors and transcription factors that are activated by cell surface receptors for extracellular signals. As the most plastic cells of the hematopoietic system, macrophages are responsive to a wide spectrum of regulatory molecules and provide a robust model system for investigation of the basis for cell-specific transcriptional responses at a genome-wide level. Here, focusing on recent studies in macrophages, we review the evidence suggesting a model in which cell-specific actions of SDTFs are the consequence of priming functions of lineage determining transcription factors. We also discuss recent findings relating lineage-determining and SDTF activity to alterations in the epigenetic landscape as well as the production and function of enhancer RNAs. These findings have implications for the understanding of how natural genetic variation impacts cell-specific programs of gene expression and suggest new approaches for altering gene expression in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn X. Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Christopher K. Glass
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093
- Correspondence: Office: 858-534-6011,
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Dinasarapu AR, Gupta S, Ram Maurya M, Fahy E, Min J, Sud M, Gersten MJ, Glass CK, Subramaniam S. A combined omics study on activated macrophages--enhanced role of STATs in apoptosis, immunity and lipid metabolism. Bioinformatics 2013; 29:2735-43. [PMID: 23981351 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btt469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophage activation by lipopolysaccharide and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) has been studied extensively because this model system mimics the physiological context of bacterial infection and subsequent inflammatory responses. Previous studies on macrophages elucidated the biological roles of caspase-1 in post-translational activation of interleukin-1β and interleukin-18 in inflammation and apoptosis. However, the results from these studies focused only on a small number of factors. To better understand the host response, we have performed a high-throughput study of Kdo2-lipid A (KLA)-primed macrophages stimulated with ATP. RESULTS The study suggests that treating mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages with KLA and ATP produces 'synergistic' effects that are not seen with treatment of KLA or ATP alone. The synergistic regulation of genes related to immunity, apoptosis and lipid metabolism is observed in a time-dependent manner. The synergistic effects are produced by nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) and activator protein (AP)-1 through regulation of their target cytokines. The synergistically regulated cytokines then activate signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) factors that result in enhanced immunity, apoptosis and lipid metabolism; STAT1 enhances immunity by promoting anti-microbial factors; and STAT3 contributes to downregulation of cell cycle and upregulation of apoptosis. STAT1 and STAT3 also regulate glycerolipid and eicosanoid metabolism, respectively. Further, western blot analysis for STAT1 and STAT3 showed that the changes in transcriptomic levels were consistent with their proteomic levels. In summary, this study shows the synergistic interaction between the toll-like receptor and purinergic receptor signaling during macrophage activation on bacterial infection. AVAILABILITY Time-course data of transcriptomics and lipidomics can be queried or downloaded from http://www.lipidmaps.org. CONTACT shankar@ucsd.edu. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Reddy Dinasarapu
- Department of Bioengineering, San Diego Super Computer Center, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, CA 92093, USA
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