1
|
Byun JH, Hyeon JY, Hettiarachchi SA, Udagawa S, Mahardini A, Kim JM, Hur SP, Takemura A. Effects of dopamine and melatonin treatment on the expression of the genes associated with artificially induced sexual maturation in Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY. PART A, ECOLOGICAL AND INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 341:389-399. [PMID: 38334250 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) is a commercially important fish species in Asia. Understanding factors like photoperiod, temperature, and lunar cycles is crucial for successful aquaculture and managing its reproduction. Melatonin and dopamine (DA) are essential for regulating reproduction in vertebrates, including fish. This study investigated the effects of melatonin and DA on the reproductive system of mature male Japanese eels to better understand reproductive regulation in fish. To clarify the effects of these hormones on sexual maturation in eels, a critical stage in the reproductive process, sexual maturation was induced by injecting human chorionic gonadotropin, which stimulates the production of sex hormones. To check the effect of melatonin and DA on sexual maturation, DA, melatonin, and DA + domperidone were intraperitoneally injected into fish from each group (six per treatment) at a dose of 1 mg/kg body weight. The fish were then examined using quantitative RT-PCR by comparing the messenger RNA level of reproduction-related genes (gonadotropin releasing hormone 1; gnrh1, gonadotropin releasing hormone 2; gnrh2, follicle stimulating hormone; fshβ, luteinizing hormone; lhβ and DA receptor 2b; d2b), involved in the gonadotropic axis in eels, to those that received a control injection. The results indicate significant differences in the expression levels of gnrh1, gnrh2 and d2b in the brain and d2b, fshβ, lhβ in the pituitary at different stages of sexual maturation. Melatonin appears to enhance the production of sex gonadotropins, whereas DA inhibits them. These findings suggest an interaction between melatonin and DA in regulating reproduction in Japanese eels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hwan Byun
- Department of Fisheries Biology, College of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Hyeon
- Division of Polar Life Science, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, South Korea
| | | | - Shingo Udagawa
- Department of Co-Creation Management, Organization for Research Promotion, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Angka Mahardini
- Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - Jong-Myoung Kim
- Department of Fisheries Biology, College of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Sung-Pyo Hur
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Akihiro Takemura
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Marine Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang TX, Li MR, Liu C, Wang SP, Yan ZG. A review of the toxic effects of ammonia on invertebrates in aquatic environments. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122374. [PMID: 37634564 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic invertebrates are the organisms most susceptible to ammonia toxicity. However, the toxic effects of ammonia on invertebrates are still poorly understood. This study reviews the research progress in ammonia toxicology for the period from 1986 to 2023, focusing on the effects on invertebrates. Through examining the toxic effects of ammonia at different levels of organization (community, individual, tissue and physiology, and molecular) as well as the results from omics studies, we determined that the most significant effects were on the reproductive capacity of invertebrates and the growth of offspring, although different populations show variation in their tolerance to ammonia, and tissues have varied potential to respond to ammonia stress. A multicomponent analysis is an in-depth technique employed in toxicological studies, as it can be used to explore the enrichment pathways and functional genes expressed under ammonia stress. This study comprehensively discusses ammonia toxicity from multiple aspects in order to provide new insights into the toxic effects of ammonia on aquatic invertebrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Ming-Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Chen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Shu-Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Zhen-Guang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu X, Brisson JA. Dopamine mediates the pea aphid wing plasticity. Biol Lett 2023; 19:20230024. [PMID: 37194256 PMCID: PMC10189302 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2023.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Many organisms exhibit phenotypic plasticity, in which developmental processes result in different phenotypes depending on their environmental context. Here we focus on the molecular mechanisms underlying that environmental response. Pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum) exhibit a wing dimorphism, in which pea aphid mothers produce winged or wingless daughters when exposed to a crowded or low-density environment, respectively. We investigated the role of dopamine in mediating this wing plasticity, motivated by a previous study that found higher dopamine titres in wingless- versus winged-producing aphid mothers. In this study, we found that manipulating dopamine levels in aphid mothers affected the numbers of winged offspring they produced. Specifically, asexual female adults injected with a dopamine agonist produced a lower percentage of winged offspring, while asexual females injected with a dopamine antagonist produced a higher percentage of winged offspring, matching expectations based on the titre difference. We also found that genes involved in dopamine synthesis, degradation and signalling were not differentially expressed between wingless- and winged-producing aphids. This result indicates that titre regulation possibly happens in a non-transcriptional manner or that sampling of additional timepoints or tissues is necessary. Overall, our work emphasizes that dopamine is an important component of how organisms process information about their environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomi Liu
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14610, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gao X, Wang X, Wang X, Fang Y, Cao S, Huang B, Chen H, Xing R, Liu B. Toxicity in Takifugu rubripes exposed to acute ammonia: Effects on immune responses, brain neurotransmitter levels, and thyroid endocrine hormones. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 244:114050. [PMID: 36063614 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to ammonia can cause convulsions, coma, and death. In this study, we investigate the effects of ammonia exposure on immunoregulatory and neuroendocrine changes in Takifugu rubripes. Fish were sampled at 0, 12, 24, 48, and 96 h following exposure to different ammonia concentrations (0, 5, 50, 100, and 150 mg/L). Our results showed that exposure to ammonia significantly reduced the concentrations of C3, C4, IgM, and LZM whereas the heat shock protein 70 and 90 levels significantly increased. In addition, the transcription levels of Mn-SOD, CAT, GRx, and GR in the liver were significantly upregulated following exposure to low ammonia concertation, however, downregulated with increased exposure time. These findings suggest that ammonia poisoning causes oxidative damage and suppresses plasma immunity. Ammonia exposure also resulted in the elevation and depletion of the T3 and T4 levels, respectively. Furthermore, ammonia stress induced an increase in the corticotrophin-releasing hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and cortisol levels, and a decrease in dopamine, noradrenaline, and 5-hydroxytryptamine levels in the brain, illustrating that ammonia poisoning can disrupt the endocrine and neurotransmitter systems. Our results provide insights into the mechanisms underlying the neurotoxic effects of ammonia exposure, which helps to assess the ecological and environmental health risks of this contaminant in marine fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Gao
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Fang
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuquan Cao
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Huang
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibin Chen
- Yuhai Hongqi Ocean Engineering Co. LTD, Rizhao 276800, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Xing
- Yuhai Hongqi Ocean Engineering Co. LTD, Rizhao 276800, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoliang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zohar Y, Zmora N, Trudeau VL, Muñoz-Cueto JA, Golan M. A half century of fish gonadotropin-releasing hormones: Breaking paradigms. J Neuroendocrinol 2022; 34:e13069. [PMID: 34913529 DOI: 10.1111/jne.13069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The field of fish gonadotropin-releasing hormones (GnRHs) is also celebrating its 50th anniversary this year. This review provides a chronological history of fish GnRH biology over the past five decades. It demonstrates how discoveries in fish regarding GnRH and GnRH receptor multiplicity, dynamic interactions between GnRH neurons, and additional neuroendocrine factors acting alongside GnRH, amongst others, have driven a paradigm shift in our understanding of GnRH systems and functions in vertebrates, including mammals. The role of technological innovations in enabling scientific discoveries is portrayed, as well as how fundamental research in fish GnRH led to translational outcomes in aquaculture. The interchange between fish and mammalian GnRH research is discussed, as is the value and utility of using fish models for advancing GnRH biology. Current challenges and future perspectives are presented, with the hope of expanding the dialogue and collaborations within the neuroendocrinology scientific community at large, capitalizing on diversifying model animals and the use of comparative strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonathan Zohar
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nilli Zmora
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vance L Trudeau
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - José A Muñoz-Cueto
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences and University Institute of Marine Research (INMAR), University of Cádiz and European University of the Seas (SEA-EU), Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain
| | - Matan Golan
- Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon Letziyon, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pérez-Fernández J, Barandela M, Jiménez-López C. The Dopaminergic Control of Movement-Evolutionary Considerations. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11284. [PMID: 34681941 PMCID: PMC8541398 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine is likely the most studied modulatory neurotransmitter, in great part due to characteristic motor deficits in Parkinson's disease that arise after the degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). The SNc, together with the ventral tegmental area (VTA), play a key role modulating motor responses through the basal ganglia. In contrast to the large amount of existing literature addressing the mammalian dopaminergic system, comparatively little is known in other vertebrate groups. However, in the last several years, numerous studies have been carried out in basal vertebrates, allowing a better understanding of the evolution of the dopaminergic system, especially the SNc/VTA. We provide an overview of existing research in basal vertebrates, mainly focusing on lampreys, belonging to the oldest group of extant vertebrates. The lamprey dopaminergic system and its role in modulating motor responses have been characterized in significant detail, both anatomically and functionally, providing the basis for understanding the evolution of the SNc/VTA in vertebrates. When considered alongside results from other early vertebrates, data in lampreys show that the key role of the SNc/VTA dopaminergic neurons modulating motor responses through the basal ganglia was already well developed early in vertebrate evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pérez-Fernández
- Center for Biomedical Research (CINBIO), Neurocircuits Group, Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Campus Universitario Lagoas, Marcosende, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (M.B.); (C.J.-L.)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kalarani A, Vinodha V, Moses IR. Inter-relations of brain neurosteroids and monoamines towards reproduction in fish. REPRODUCTION AND BREEDING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repbre.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
|
8
|
Fontaine R, Royan MR, von Krogh K, Weltzien FA, Baker DM. Direct and Indirect Effects of Sex Steroids on Gonadotrope Cell Plasticity in the Teleost Fish Pituitary. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:605068. [PMID: 33365013 PMCID: PMC7750530 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.605068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The pituitary gland controls many important physiological processes in vertebrates, including growth, homeostasis, and reproduction. As in mammals, the teleost pituitary exhibits a high degree of plasticity. This plasticity permits changes in hormone production and secretion necessary to meet the fluctuating demands over the life of an animal. Pituitary plasticity is achieved at both cellular and population levels. At the cellular level, hormone synthesis and release can be regulated via changes in cell composition to modulate both sensitivity and response to different signals. At the cell population level, the number of cells producing a given hormone can change due to proliferation, differentiation of progenitor cells, or transdifferentiation of specific cell types. Gonadotropes, which play an important role in the control of reproduction, have been intensively investigated during the last decades and found to display plasticity. To ensure appropriate endocrine function, gonadotropes rely on external and internal signals integrated at the brain level or by the gonadotropes themselves. One important group of internal signals is the sex steroids, produced mainly by the gonadal steroidogenic cells. Sex steroids have been shown to exert complex effects on the teleost pituitary, with differential effects depending on the species investigated, physiological status or sex of the animal, and dose or method of administration. This review summarizes current knowledge of the effects of sex steroids (androgens and estrogens) on gonadotrope cell plasticity in teleost anterior pituitary, discriminating direct from indirect effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romain Fontaine
- Physiology Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Muhammad Rahmad Royan
- Physiology Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristine von Krogh
- Physiology Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Finn-Arne Weltzien
- Physiology Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dianne M. Baker
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Mary Washington, Fredericksburg, VA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
The stress - Reproductive axis in fish: The involvement of functional neuroanatomical systems in the brain. J Chem Neuroanat 2020; 112:101904. [PMID: 33278567 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2020.101904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The neuroendocrine-stress axis of nonmammalian species is evolutionarily conserved, which makes them useful to serve as important model systems for elucidating the function of the vertebrate stress response. The involvement of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis hormones in regulation of stress and reproduction is well described in different vertebrates. However, the stress response is a complex process, which appears to be controlled by a number of neurochemicals in association with hypothalamo-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis or independent of HPI axis in fish. In recent years, the participation of neurohormones other than HPI axis in regulation of stress and reproduction is gaining more attention. This review mainly focuses on the involvement of functional neuroanatomical systems such as the catecholaminergic neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) and opioid peptides in regulation of the stress-reproductive axis in fish. Occurrences of DA and opioid peptides like β-endorphin, enkephalins, dynorphin, and endomorphins have been demonstrated in fish brain, and diverse roles such as pain modulation, social behaviour and reproduction are implicated for these hormones. Neuroanatomical studies using retrograde tracing, immunohistochemical staining and lesion methods have demonstrated that the neurons originating in the preoptic region and the nucleus lateralis tuberis directly innervate the pituitary gland and, therefore, the hypophysiotrophic role of these hormones. In addition, heightened synthetic and secretory activity of the opioidergic and the dopaminergic neurons in hypothalamic areas of the brain during stress exposure suggest potentially intricate relationship with the stress-reproductive axis in fish. Current evidence in early vertebrates like fish provides a novel insight into the underlying neuroendocrine mechanisms as additional pathways along the stress-reproductive axis that seem to be conserved during the course of evolution.
Collapse
|
10
|
First identification of dopamine receptors in pikeperch, Sander lucioperca, during the pre-ovulatory period. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2020; 36:100747. [PMID: 32987329 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2020.100747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) is a ubiquitous neurotransmitter exerting a range of pleiotropic actions through two DA receptor families, the D1 and the D2. To date in vertebrates, a maximum of four receptor subtypes have been identified within the D1 family, D1 (former D1A), D5 (former D1B), D6 (former D1C and D1D) and D7 (former D1E), while the D2 family encloses five subtypes, D2, D3, D4, D8 (former D2like or D2l) and D9 (former D4-related sequence or D4-rs). In teleosts, no study has investigated in parallel all the DA receptors to identify and localize the whole receptor repertoire from both families. In pikeperch, Sander lucioperca, a species of interest for aquaculture development, the existence, number and location of the DA receptors are totally unknown. To address these questions, RNA-seq with de novo transcriptome reconstruction, functional annotation and phylogenetic analysis were performed to characterize the transcript repertoire of DA receptors in the brain of female pikeperch at the pre-ovulatory period. Ten different cDNA were identified and showed to belong to the D1 family: two D1, one D5a, one D6a and one D6b and to the D2 family: two spliced variants of D2, one D3, one D8 and one D9. Unlike zebrafish, the subtypes D4 and D7 have not yet been isolated in pikeperch. As expected D1, D3, D8 and D9 are mostly expressed in brain parts except for the cerebellum (D1 and D3). The inter-species differences in the number of DA receptors and the inter-organ differences in the gene expression of all receptors support the complexity of the dopaminergic actions in vertebrate.
Collapse
|
11
|
Dufour S, Quérat B, Tostivint H, Pasqualini C, Vaudry H, Rousseau K. Origin and Evolution of the Neuroendocrine Control of Reproduction in Vertebrates, With Special Focus on Genome and Gene Duplications. Physiol Rev 2019; 100:869-943. [PMID: 31625459 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00009.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In humans, as in the other mammals, the neuroendocrine control of reproduction is ensured by the brain-pituitary gonadotropic axis. Multiple internal and environmental cues are integrated via brain neuronal networks, ultimately leading to the modulation of the activity of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons. The decapeptide GnRH is released into the hypothalamic-hypophysial portal blood system and stimulates the production of pituitary glycoprotein hormones, the two gonadotropins luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone. A novel actor, the neuropeptide kisspeptin, acting upstream of GnRH, has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Other neuropeptides, such as gonadotropin-inhibiting hormone/RF-amide related peptide, and other members of the RF-amide peptide superfamily, as well as various nonpeptidic neuromediators such as dopamine and serotonin also provide a large panel of stimulatory or inhibitory regulators. This paper addresses the origin and evolution of the vertebrate gonadotropic axis. Brain-pituitary neuroendocrine axes are typical of vertebrates, the pituitary gland, mediator and amplifier of brain control on peripheral organs, being a vertebrate innovation. The paper reviews, from molecular and functional perspectives, the evolution across vertebrate radiation of some key actors of the vertebrate neuroendocrine control of reproduction and traces back their origin along the vertebrate lineage and in other metazoa before the emergence of vertebrates. A focus is given on how gene duplications, resulting from either local events or from whole genome duplication events, and followed by paralogous gene loss or conservation, might have shaped the evolutionary scenarios of current families of key actors of the gonadotropic axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Dufour
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Biology of Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems, CNRS, IRD, Sorbonne Université, Université Caen Normandie, Université des Antilles, Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France; INSERM U1133, Physiologie de l'axe Gonadotrope, Paris, France; Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Physiologie Moléculaire et Adaptation, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience (UMR 9197), Gif-sur-Yvette, France; and Université de Rouen Normandie, Rouen, France
| | - Bruno Quérat
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Biology of Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems, CNRS, IRD, Sorbonne Université, Université Caen Normandie, Université des Antilles, Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France; INSERM U1133, Physiologie de l'axe Gonadotrope, Paris, France; Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Physiologie Moléculaire et Adaptation, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience (UMR 9197), Gif-sur-Yvette, France; and Université de Rouen Normandie, Rouen, France
| | - Hervé Tostivint
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Biology of Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems, CNRS, IRD, Sorbonne Université, Université Caen Normandie, Université des Antilles, Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France; INSERM U1133, Physiologie de l'axe Gonadotrope, Paris, France; Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Physiologie Moléculaire et Adaptation, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience (UMR 9197), Gif-sur-Yvette, France; and Université de Rouen Normandie, Rouen, France
| | - Catherine Pasqualini
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Biology of Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems, CNRS, IRD, Sorbonne Université, Université Caen Normandie, Université des Antilles, Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France; INSERM U1133, Physiologie de l'axe Gonadotrope, Paris, France; Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Physiologie Moléculaire et Adaptation, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience (UMR 9197), Gif-sur-Yvette, France; and Université de Rouen Normandie, Rouen, France
| | - Hubert Vaudry
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Biology of Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems, CNRS, IRD, Sorbonne Université, Université Caen Normandie, Université des Antilles, Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France; INSERM U1133, Physiologie de l'axe Gonadotrope, Paris, France; Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Physiologie Moléculaire et Adaptation, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience (UMR 9197), Gif-sur-Yvette, France; and Université de Rouen Normandie, Rouen, France
| | - Karine Rousseau
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Biology of Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems, CNRS, IRD, Sorbonne Université, Université Caen Normandie, Université des Antilles, Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France; INSERM U1133, Physiologie de l'axe Gonadotrope, Paris, France; Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Physiologie Moléculaire et Adaptation, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience (UMR 9197), Gif-sur-Yvette, France; and Université de Rouen Normandie, Rouen, France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Daily variation of D2 dopamine receptor transcription in the brain of the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica and its regulation with dopamine and melatonin. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2019; 240:110581. [PMID: 31634572 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.110581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine plays a crucial role in controlling reproduction in eels, and its action is mediated through D2-type dopamine receptors. D2A and D2B receptors in the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica were cloned and characterized in the present study. Attention (daily expression patterns in the brain and endogenous regulation) was paid to D2B receptor because it is considered to play a crucial role in eel reproduction. The cDNAs of D2A and D2B receptors had open reading frames comprising 456 and 454 amino acid residues, respectively, which were phylogenetically clustered with those of other teleost species. Both receptors were highly expressed in the brain. D2B receptor transcript levels exhibited high day/low night variation in the midbrain and pituitary, suggesting that its transcription in these tissues is regulated in a daily manner, possibly under influence of melatonin. Intraperitoneal injection of dopamine downregulated D2B receptor transcription significantly in the midbrain and moderately in the pituitary within 1 h, but upregulated its transcription in the forebrain. Co-injection of dopamine with its antagonist (domperidone) reversed the effect of dopamine in the pituitary and forebrain, but not in the midbrain, suggesting that the effect of dopamine on D2B receptor transcription differs among brain regions. The same treatment with melatonin resulted in decreased D2B receptor transcription in the midbrain. These findings indicate that dopamine and melatonin have key roles in the daily variation in D2B receptor transcription in the brain of Japanese eel, and that they are related to a daily base secretion of hormones in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in this species.
Collapse
|
13
|
De novo European eel transcriptome provides insights into the evolutionary history of duplicated genes in teleost lineages. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218085. [PMID: 31188893 PMCID: PMC6561569 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Paralogues pairs are more frequently observed in eels (Anguilla sp.) than in other teleosts. The paralogues often show low phylogenetic distances; however, they have been assigned to the third round of whole genome duplication (WGD), shared by all teleosts (3R), due to their conserved synteny. The apparent contradiction of low phylogenetic difference and 3R conserved synteny led us to study the duplicated gene complement of the freshwater eels. With this aim, we assembled de novo transcriptomes of two highly relevant freshwater eel species: The European (Anguilla anguilla) and the Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica). The duplicated gene complement was analysed in these transcriptomes, and in the genomes and transcriptomes of other Actinopterygii species. The study included an assessment of neutral genetic divergence (4dTv), synteny, and the phylogenetic origins and relationships of the duplicated gene complements. The analyses indicated a high accumulation of duplications (1217 paralogue pairs) among freshwater eel genes, which may have originated in a WGD event after the Elopomorpha lineage diverged from the remaining teleosts, and thus not at the 3R. However, very similar results were observed in the basal Osteoglossomorpha and Clupeocephala branches, indicating that the specific genomic regions of these paralogues may still have been under tetrasomic inheritance at the split of the teleost lineages. Therefore, two potential hypotheses may explain the results: i) The freshwater eel lineage experienced an additional WGD to 3R, and ii) Some duplicated genomic regions experienced lineage specific rediploidization after 3R in the ancestor to freshwater eels. The supporting/opposing evidence for both hypotheses is discussed.
Collapse
|
14
|
Lv C, Mo C, Liu H, Wu C, Li Z, Li J, Wang Y. Dopamine D2-like receptors (DRD2 and DRD4) in chickens: Tissue distribution, functional analysis, and their involvement in dopamine inhibition of pituitary prolactin expression. Gene 2018; 651:33-43. [PMID: 29382572 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.01.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) D2-like (and D1-like) receptors are suggested to mediate the dopamine actions in the anterior pituitary and/or CNS of birds. However, the information regarding the structure, functionality, and expression of avian D2-like receptors have not been fully characterized. In this study, we cloned two D2-like receptors (cDRD2, cDRD4) from chicken brain using RACE PCR. The cloned cDRD4 is a 378-amino acid receptor, which shows 57% amino acid (a.a.) identity with mouse DRD4. As in mammals, two cDRD2 isoforms, cDRD2L (long isoform, 437 a.a.) and cDRD2S (short isoform, 408 a.a.), which differ in their third intracellular loop, were identified in chickens. Using cell-based luciferase reporter assays or Western blot, we demonstrated that cDRD4, cDRD2L and cDRD2S could be activated by dopamine and quinpirole (a D2-like receptor agonist) dose-dependently, and their activation inhibits cAMP signaling pathway and stimulates MAPK/ERK signaling cascade, indicating that they are functional receptors capable of mediating dopamine actions. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that cDRD2 and cDRD4 are widely expressed in chicken tissues with abundant expression noted in anterior pituitary, and their expressions are likely controlled by their promoters near exon 1, as demonstrated by dual-luciferase reporter assays in DF-1 cells. In accordance with cDRD2/cDRD4 expression in the pituitary, DA or quinpirole could partially inhibit vasoactive intestinal peptide-induced prolactin expression in cultured chick pituitary cells. Together, our data proves the functionality of DRD2 and DRD4 in birds and aids to uncover the conserved roles of DA/D2-like receptor system in vertebrates, such as its action on the pituitary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Can Lv
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Chunheng Mo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Haikun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Chao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Zhengyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China.
| | - Yajun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Campo A, Lafont AG, Lefranc B, Leprince J, Tostivint H, Kamech N, Dufour S, Rousseau K. Tachykinin-3 Genes and Peptides Characterized in a Basal Teleost, the European Eel: Evolutionary Perspective and Pituitary Role. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:304. [PMID: 29942283 PMCID: PMC6004781 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, neurokinin B (NKB) is a short peptide encoded by the gene tac3. It is involved in the brain control of reproduction by stimulating gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons, mainly via kisspeptin. We investigated tac3 genes and peptides in a basal teleost, the European eel, which shows an atypical blockade of the sexual maturation at a prepubertal stage. Two tac3 paralogous genes (tac3a and tac3b) were identified in the eel genome, each encoding two peptides (NKBa or b and NKB-related peptide NKB-RPa or b). Amino acid sequence of eel NKBa is identical to human NKB, and the three others are novel peptide sequences. The four eel peptides present the characteristic C-terminal tachykinin sequence, as well as a similar alpha helix 3D structure. Tac3 genes were identified in silico in 52 species of vertebrates, and a phylogeny analysis was performed on the predicted TAC3 pre-pro-peptide sequences. A synteny analysis was also done to further assess the evolutionary history of tac3 genes. Duplicated tac3 genes in teleosts likely result from the teleost-specific whole genome duplication (3R). Among teleosts, TAC3b precursor sequences are more divergent than TAC3a, and a loss of tac3b gene would have even occurred in some teleost lineages. NKB-RP peptide, encoded beside NKB by tac3 gene in actinopterygians and basal sarcopterygians, would have been lost in ancestral amniotes. Tissue distribution of eel tac3a and tac3b mRNAs showed major expression of both transcripts in the brain especially in the diencephalon, as analyzed by specific qPCRs. Human NKB has been tested in vitro on primary culture of eel pituitary cells. Human NKB dose-dependently inhibited the expression of lhβ, while having no effect on other glycoprotein hormone subunits (fshβ, tshβ, and gpα) nor on gh. Human NKB also dose-dependently inhibited the expression of GnRH receptor (gnrh-r2). The four eel peptides have been synthesized and also tested in vitro. They all inhibited the expression of both lhβ and of gnrh-r2. This reveals a potential dual inhibitory role of the four peptides encoded by the two tac3 genes in eel reproduction, exerted at the pituitary level on both luteinizing hormone and GnRH receptor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Campo
- Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Research Unit BOREA (Biology of Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems), CNRS 7208, IRD 207, Sorbonne Université, Université de Caen Normandie, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Gaëlle Lafont
- Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Research Unit BOREA (Biology of Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems), CNRS 7208, IRD 207, Sorbonne Université, Université de Caen Normandie, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Lefranc
- Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, INSERM U1239, Normandy University, Rouen, France
| | - Jérôme Leprince
- Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, INSERM U1239, Normandy University, Rouen, France
| | - Hervé Tostivint
- Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, UMR7221 CNRS/MNHN Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Paris, France
| | - Nédia Kamech
- Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Research Unit BOREA (Biology of Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems), CNRS 7208, IRD 207, Sorbonne Université, Université de Caen Normandie, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Dufour
- Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Research Unit BOREA (Biology of Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems), CNRS 7208, IRD 207, Sorbonne Université, Université de Caen Normandie, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Karine Rousseau
- Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Research Unit BOREA (Biology of Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems), CNRS 7208, IRD 207, Sorbonne Université, Université de Caen Normandie, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Karine Rousseau,
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Perelmuter JT, Forlano PM. Connectivity and ultrastructure of dopaminergic innervation of the inner ear and auditory efferent system of a vocal fish. J Comp Neurol 2017; 525:2090-2108. [PMID: 28118481 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) is a conserved modulator of vertebrate neural circuitry, yet our knowledge of its role in peripheral auditory processing is limited to mammals. The present study combines immunohistochemistry, neural tract tracing, and electron microscopy to investigate the origin and synaptic characteristics of DA fibers innervating the inner ear and the hindbrain auditory efferent nucleus in the plainfin midshipman, a vocal fish that relies upon the detection of mate calls for reproductive success. We identify a DA cell group in the diencephalon as a common source for innervation of both the hindbrain auditory efferent nucleus and saccule, the main hearing endorgan of the inner ear. We show that DA terminals in the saccule contain vesicles but transmitter release appears paracrine in nature, due to the apparent lack of synaptic contacts. In contrast, in the hindbrain, DA terminals form traditional synaptic contacts with auditory efferent neuronal cell bodies and dendrites, as well as unlabeled axon terminals, which, in turn, form inhibitory-like synapses on auditory efferent somata. Our results suggest a distinct functional role for brain-derived DA in the direct and indirect modulation of the peripheral auditory system of a vocal nonmammalian vertebrate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan T Perelmuter
- Program in Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York, 10016.,Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York, 11210
| | - Paul M Forlano
- Program in Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York, 10016.,Program in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York, 10016.,Program in Neuroscience, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York, 10016.,Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York, 11210.,Aquatic Research and Environmental Assessment Center, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn NY, New York, 11210
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bryant AS, Greenwood AK, Juntti SA, Byrne AE, Fernald RD. Dopaminergic inhibition of gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons in the cichlid fish Astatotilapia burtoni. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 219:3861-3865. [PMID: 27742893 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.147637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine regulates reproduction in part by modulating neuronal activity within the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Previous studies suggested numerous mechanisms by which dopamine exerts inhibitory control over the HPG axis, ultimately changing the levels of sex steroids that regulate reproductive behaviors. However, it is not known whether these mechanisms are conserved across vertebrate species. In particular, it is unknown whether mechanisms underlying dopaminergic control of reproduction are shared between mammals and teleost fish. In mammals, dopamine directly inhibits gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH1) hypothalamic neurons, the gatekeepers for activation of the HPG axis. Here, we demonstrate, for the first time in teleost fish, dopaminergic control of GnRH1 neurons via direct dopamine type-2-like receptor (D2R)-mediated inhibition within the hypothalamus. These results suggest that direct dopaminergic control of GnRH1 neurons via interactions in the hypothalamus is not exclusive to tetrapod reproductive control, but is likely conserved across vertebrate species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Astra S Bryant
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Anna K Greenwood
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Scott A Juntti
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Allie E Byrne
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Arini A, Head JA, Murphy CA, Carvan MJ, Goetz R, Klingler RH, Nam DH, Basu N. Neuroendocrine biochemical effects in methylmercury-exposed yellow perch. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 187:10-8. [PMID: 27067727 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Brain/drug effects
- Brain/metabolism
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Female
- Fish Proteins/drug effects
- Fish Proteins/metabolism
- Goldfish/metabolism
- Liver/drug effects
- Liver/metabolism
- Methylmercury Compounds/toxicity
- Monoamine Oxidase/metabolism
- Neurosecretory Systems/drug effects
- Neurosecretory Systems/metabolism
- Perches/metabolism
- Receptors, Androgen/drug effects
- Receptors, Androgen/metabolism
- Receptors, Dopamine/drug effects
- Receptors, Dopamine/metabolism
- Receptors, Estrogen/drug effects
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Receptors, GABA-A/drug effects
- Receptors, GABA-A/metabolism
- Species Specificity
- Time Factors
- Trout/metabolism
- Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Arini
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Canada
| | - Jessica A Head
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Canada
| | - Cheryl A Murphy
- Department Fisheries and Wildlife, Lyman Briggs College, Michigan State University, United States
| | - Michael J Carvan
- School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, United States
| | - Rick Goetz
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA, United States
| | - Rebekah H Klingler
- School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, United States
| | - Dong-Ha Nam
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chonnam National University, South Korea
| | - Niladri Basu
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Canada; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Jolly C, Rousseau K, Prézeau L, Vol C, Tomkiewicz J, Dufour S, Pasqualini C. Functional Characterisation of Eel Dopamine D2 Receptors and Involvement in the Direct Inhibition of Pituitary Gonadotrophins. J Neuroendocrinol 2016; 28. [PMID: 27453551 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In various vertebrate species, dopamine (DA) exerts an inhibitory action on reproduction. In the European eel, DA plays a pivotal role in the inhibitory control of gonadotroph function and the blockade of puberty. In vivo studies have suggested that this effect is mediated by receptors pharmacologically related to the D2 family. In the European eel, two distinct D2 receptor (D2-R) paralogous genes have been identified (D2A-R and D2B-R) and both were shown to be expressed in the pituitary. We investigated the potential role of each paralogue in the control of gonadotroph function in this species. Eel recombinant D2A-R or D2B-R were expressed in HEK 293 cells, with a universal Gα subunit, and receptor activation was followed by inositol phosphate production. Recombinant D2-Rs exhibited a comparable affinity for DA, although they had differential affinities for mammalian D2-R agonists and antagonists, supporting subtle structure/activity differences. Furthermore, using eel pituitary cell primary cultures, the expression by gonadotroph cells of both native eel D2-R paralogues was examined by in situ hybridisation of D2A-R or D2B-R transcripts, coupled with immunofluorescence of luteinising hormone (LH)β or follicle-stimulating (FSH)β. LH and to a lesser extent, FSH cells expressed both D2-R transcripts but with a clear predominance of D2B-R. Notably, D2B-R transcripts were detected for the majority of LH cells. Accordingly, using these cultures, we showed that DA potently inhibited basal and testosterone-stimulated LHβ expression and less potently basal and activin-stimulated FSHβ expression. We also tested some D2-R antagonists, aiming to select the most adequate one to be used in innovative protocols for induction of eel sexual maturation. We identified eticlopride as the most potent inhibitor of DA action on basal and stimulated LH expression in vitro. Our data suggest a differential functionalisation of the duplicated receptor genes and demonstrate that mainly D2B-R is involved in the dopaminergic inhibitory control of eel gonadotroph function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Jolly
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, Research Unit BOREA, Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques, CNRS 7208, IRD207, UPMC, UCN, UA, Paris, France
| | - K Rousseau
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, Research Unit BOREA, Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques, CNRS 7208, IRD207, UPMC, UCN, UA, Paris, France
| | - L Prézeau
- CNRS UMR5203, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Montpellier, France
- INSERM U661, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier 1 & 2, Montpellier, France
| | - C Vol
- CNRS UMR5203, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Montpellier, France
- INSERM U661, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier 1 & 2, Montpellier, France
| | - J Tomkiewicz
- National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark, Charlottenlund, Denmark
| | - S Dufour
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, Research Unit BOREA, Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques, CNRS 7208, IRD207, UPMC, UCN, UA, Paris, France.
| | - C Pasqualini
- Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Développement et Evolution de la Neurotransmission, Département Dev-Evo, Université Paris Sud, CNRS UMR 9197, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Pérez-Fernández J, Megías M, Pombal MA. Expression of a Novel D4 Dopamine Receptor in the Lamprey Brain. Evolutionary Considerations about Dopamine Receptors. Front Neuroanat 2016; 9:165. [PMID: 26778974 PMCID: PMC4701969 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2015.00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous data reported in lampreys, which belong to the phylogenetically oldest branch of vertebrates, show that the dopaminergic system was already well developed at the dawn of vertebrate evolution. The expression of dopamine in the lamprey brain is well conserved when compared to other vertebrates, and this is also true for the D2 receptor. Additionally, the key role of dopamine in the striatum, modulating the excitability in the direct and indirect pathways through the D1 and D2 receptors, has also been recently reported in these animals. The moment of divergence regarding the two whole genome duplications occurred in vertebrates suggests that additional receptors, apart from the D1 and D2 previously reported, could be present in lampreys. We used in situ hybridization to characterize the expression of a novel dopamine receptor, which we have identified as a D4 receptor according to the phylogenetic analysis. The D4 receptor shows in the sea lamprey a more restricted expression pattern than the D2 subtype, as reported in mammals. Its main expression areas are the striatum, lateral and ventral pallial sectors, several hypothalamic regions, habenula, and mesencephalic and rhombencephalic motoneurons. Some expression areas are well conserved through vertebrate evolution, as is the case of the striatum or the habenula, but the controversies regarding the D4 receptor expression in other vertebrates hampers for a complete comparison, especially in rhombencephalic regions. Our results further support that the dopaminergic system in vertebrates is well conserved and suggest that at least some functions of the D4 receptor were already present before the divergence of lampreys.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pérez-Fernández
- Neurolam Group, Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology - Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas - Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Vigo, Uiversity of Vigo Vigo, Spain
| | - Manuel Megías
- Neurolam Group, Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology - Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas - Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Vigo, Uiversity of Vigo Vigo, Spain
| | - Manuel A Pombal
- Neurolam Group, Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology - Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas - Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Vigo, Uiversity of Vigo Vigo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Neuroanatomical Evidence for Catecholamines as Modulators of Audition and Acoustic Behavior in a Vocal Teleost. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 877:439-75. [PMID: 26515325 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-21059-9_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The plainfin midshipman fish (Porichthys notatus) is a well-studied model to understand the neural and endocrine mechanisms underlying vocal-acoustic communication across vertebrates. It is well established that steroid hormones such as estrogen drive seasonal peripheral auditory plasticity in female Porichthys in order to better encode the male's advertisement call. However, little is known of the neural substrates that underlie the motivation and coordinated behavioral response to auditory social signals. Catecholamines, which include dopamine and noradrenaline, are good candidates for this function, as they are thought to modulate the salience of and reinforce appropriate behavior to socially relevant stimuli. This chapter summarizes our recent studies which aimed to characterize catecholamine innervation in the central and peripheral auditory system of Porichthys as well as test the hypotheses that innervation of the auditory system is seasonally plastic and catecholaminergic neurons are activated in response to conspecific vocalizations. Of particular significance is the discovery of direct dopaminergic innervation of the saccule, the main hearing end organ, by neurons in the diencephalon, which also robustly innervate the cholinergic auditory efferent nucleus in the hindbrain. Seasonal changes in dopamine innervation in both these areas appear dependent on reproductive state in females and may ultimately function to modulate the sensitivity of the peripheral auditory system as an adaptation to the seasonally changing soundscape. Diencephalic dopaminergic neurons are indeed active in response to exposure to midshipman vocalizations and are in a perfect position to integrate the detection and appropriate motor response to conspecific acoustic signals for successful reproduction.
Collapse
|
22
|
Guzmán JM, Luckenbach JA, da Silva DAM, Ylitalo GM, Swanson P. Development of approaches to induce puberty in cultured female sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 221:101-13. [PMID: 25843684 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Efforts to establish sustainable and efficient aquaculture production of sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria) have been constrained by delayed puberty in cultured females. This study integrates a series of experiments aimed at gaining an understanding of the reproductive physiology of puberty in female sablefish. We detected transcripts for the dopamine D2 receptor (drd2) in brain, pituitary and ovary of sablefish, and prepubertal females exhibited significantly elevated brain and pituitary drd2 expression relative to wild maturing females. Treatments with sustained-release cholesterol pellets containing testosterone (T) and the dopamine D2 receptor antagonist, metoclopramide (Met), stimulated expression of pituitary luteinizing hormone beta subunit (lhb) and follicle-stimulating hormone beta subunit (fshb), respectively, in prepubertal females, whereas a combination of T and gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) had a strong synergistic effect on lhb expression (2000-fold higher than control). Although T induced a significant increase in the maximum ovarian follicle volume, none of the treatments tested stimulated onset of vitellogenesis. Using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry, we demonstrated that Met stimulated production of T by previtellogenic ovarian follicles in vitro, whereas gonadotropin preparations enhanced 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione (A4), T and 17β-estradiol (E2) production. Treatment with T increased production of A4, 11β-hydroxyandrostenedione, 11β-hydroxytestosterone, E2, 11-ketotestosterone, and 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Interestingly, in the presence of high doses of T the previtellogenic ovary preferentially produced A4 and DHT over any other metabolite. Our data suggest the existence of dopamine inhibition of the reproductive axis in female sablefish. Treatments with Met and T elevated gonadotropin mRNAs in prepubertal females but failed to stimulate the transition into vitellogenic growth, suggesting a possible failure in pituitary gonadotropin protein synthesis/release. Previtellogenic ovarian follicles of sablefish are equipped to synthesize steroids, including those required for vitellogenic growth, and DHT, a steroid hormone whose role in reproduction of fishes remains unknown.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José M Guzmán
- Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, WA 98112, USA.
| | - J Adam Luckenbach
- Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, WA 98112, USA; Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Denis A M da Silva
- Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, WA 98112, USA
| | - Gina M Ylitalo
- Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, WA 98112, USA
| | - Penny Swanson
- Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, WA 98112, USA; Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Forlano PM, Ghahramani ZN, Monestime CM, Kurochkin P, Chernenko A, Milkis D. Catecholaminergic innervation of central and peripheral auditory circuitry varies with reproductive state in female midshipman fish, Porichthys notatus. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121914. [PMID: 25849450 PMCID: PMC4388377 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In seasonal breeding vertebrates, hormone regulation of catecholamines, which include dopamine and noradrenaline, may function, in part, to modulate behavioral responses to conspecific vocalizations. However, natural seasonal changes in catecholamine innervation of auditory nuclei is largely unexplored, especially in the peripheral auditory system, where encoding of social acoustic stimuli is initiated. The plainfin midshipman fish, Porichthys notatus, has proven to be an excellent model to explore mechanisms underlying seasonal peripheral auditory plasticity related to reproductive social behavior. Recently, we demonstrated robust catecholaminergic (CA) innervation throughout the auditory system in midshipman. Most notably, dopaminergic neurons in the diencephalon have widespread projections to auditory circuitry including direct innervation of the saccule, the main endorgan of hearing, and the cholinergic octavolateralis efferent nucleus (OE) which also projects to the inner ear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that gravid, reproductive summer females show differential CA innervation of the auditory system compared to non-reproductive winter females. We utilized quantitative immunofluorescence to measure tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive (TH-ir) fiber density throughout central auditory nuclei and the sensory epithelium of the saccule. Reproductive females exhibited greater density of TH-ir innervation in two forebrain areas including the auditory thalamus and greater density of TH-ir on somata and dendrites of the OE. In contrast, non-reproductive females had greater numbers of TH-ir terminals in the saccule and greater TH-ir fiber density in a region of the auditory hindbrain as well as greater numbers of TH-ir neurons in the preoptic area. These data provide evidence that catecholamines may function, in part, to seasonally modulate the sensitivity of the inner ear and, in turn, the appropriate behavioral response to reproductive acoustic signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul M. Forlano
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
- Program in Neuroscience, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States of America
- Program in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States of America
- Program in Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States of America
- Aquatic Research and Environmental Assessment Center, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Zachary N. Ghahramani
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
- Program in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Camillia M. Monestime
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
| | - Philip Kurochkin
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
| | - Alena Chernenko
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
| | - Dmitriy Milkis
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Jeng SR, Yueh WS, Pen YT, Lee YH, Chen GR, Dufour S, Chang CF. Neuroendocrine gene expression reveals a decrease in dopamine D2B receptor with no changes in GnRH system during prepubertal metamorphosis of silvering in wild Japanese eel. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2014; 206:8-15. [PMID: 25125083 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 07/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Silvering is a prepubertal metamorphosis preparing the eel to the oceanic reproductive migration. A moderate gonad development occurs during this metamorphosis from the sedentary yellow stage to the migratory silver stage. The aim of this study was to elucidate the molecular aspects of various endocrine parameters of BPG axis at different ovarian developmental stages in wild yellow and silver female Japanese eels. The GSI of the sampled female eels ranged between 0.18 and 2.3%, corresponding to yellow, pre-silver and silver stages. Gonad histology showed changes from previtellogenic oocytes in yellow eels to early vitellogenic oocytes in silver eels. Both serum E2 and T concentrations significantly increased with ovarian development indicating a significant activation of steroidogenesis during silvering. In agreement with previous studies, significant increases in pituitary gonadotropin beta subunits FSH-β and LH-β transcripts were also measured by qPCR, supporting that the activation of pituitary gonadotropin expression is likely responsible for the significant ovarian development observed during silvering. We investigated for the first time the possible brain neuroendocrine mechanisms involved in the activation of the pituitary gonadotropic function during silvering. By analyzing the expression of genes representative of the stimulatory GnRH control and the inhibitory dopaminergic control. The transcript levels of mGnRH and the three GnRH receptors did not change in the brain and pituitary between yellow and silver stages, suggesting that gene expression of the GnRH system is not significantly activated during silvering. The brain transcript levels of tyrosine hydroxylase, limiting enzyme of DA synthesis did not change during silvering, indicating that the DA synthesis activity was maintained. In contrast, a significant decrease in DA-D2B receptor expression in the forebrain and pituitary was observed, with no changes in DA-D2A receptor. The decrease in the pituitary expression of DA-D2BR during silvering would allow a reduced inhibitory effect of DA. We may raise the hypothesis that this regulation of D2BR gene expression is one of the neuroendocrine mechanisms involved in the slight activation of the pituitary gonadotropin and gonadal activity that occur at silvering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Ru Jeng
- Department of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Shiun Yueh
- Department of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Pen
- Department of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Horn Lee
- Tungkang Biotechnology Research Center, Fisheries Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Tungkang 928, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Ru Chen
- Freshwater Aquaculture Research Center, Fisheries Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Lukang 505, Taiwan
| | - Sylvie Dufour
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, Research Unit BOREA, Biology of Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems, CNRS 7208 - IRD207 - UPMC - UCBN, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Ching-Fong Chang
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan; Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Forlano PM, Kim SD, Krzyminska ZM, Sisneros JA. Catecholaminergic connectivity to the inner ear, central auditory, and vocal motor circuitry in the plainfin midshipman fish porichthys notatus. J Comp Neurol 2014; 522:2887-927. [PMID: 24715479 PMCID: PMC4107124 DOI: 10.1002/cne.23596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Although the neuroanatomical distribution of catecholaminergic (CA) neurons has been well documented across all vertebrate classes, few studies have examined CA connectivity to physiologically and anatomically identified neural circuitry that controls behavior. The goal of this study was to characterize CA distribution in the brain and inner ear of the plainfin midshipman fish (Porichthys notatus) with particular emphasis on their relationship with anatomically labeled circuitry that both produces and encodes social acoustic signals in this species. Neurobiotin labeling of the main auditory end organ, the saccule, combined with tyrosine hydroxylase immunofluorescence (TH-ir) revealed a strong CA innervation of both the peripheral and central auditory system. Diencephalic TH-ir neurons in the periventricular posterior tuberculum, known to be dopaminergic, send ascending projections to the ventral telencephalon and prominent descending projections to vocal-acoustic integration sites, notably the hindbrain octavolateralis efferent nucleus, as well as onto the base of hair cells in the saccule via nerve VIII. Neurobiotin backfills of the vocal nerve in combination with TH-ir revealed CA terminals on all components of the vocal pattern generator, which appears to largely originate from local TH-ir neurons but may include input from diencephalic projections as well. This study provides strong neuroanatomical evidence that catecholamines are important modulators of both auditory and vocal circuitry and acoustic-driven social behavior in midshipman fish. This demonstration of TH-ir terminals in the main end organ of hearing in a nonmammalian vertebrate suggests a conserved and important anatomical and functional role for dopamine in normal audition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul M. Forlano
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11210
- Programs in Neuroscience, Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, and Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11210
- Aquatic Research and Environmental Assessment Center, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY
- Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543
| | - Spencer D. Kim
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11210
| | - Zuzanna M. Krzyminska
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11210
| | - Joseph A. Sisneros
- Departments of Psychology and Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195
- Virginia Merrill Bloedel Hearing Research Center, Seattle
- Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Pérez-Fernández J, Stephenson-Jones M, Suryanarayana SM, Robertson B, Grillner S. Evolutionarily conserved organization of the dopaminergic system in lamprey: SNc/VTA afferent and efferent connectivity and D2 receptor expression. J Comp Neurol 2014; 522:3775-94. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.23639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pérez-Fernández
- Department of Neuroscience; the Nobel Institute for Neurophysiology, Karolinska Institutet; SE-171 77 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Marcus Stephenson-Jones
- Department of Neuroscience; the Nobel Institute for Neurophysiology, Karolinska Institutet; SE-171 77 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Shreyas M. Suryanarayana
- Department of Neuroscience; the Nobel Institute for Neurophysiology, Karolinska Institutet; SE-171 77 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Brita Robertson
- Department of Neuroscience; the Nobel Institute for Neurophysiology, Karolinska Institutet; SE-171 77 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Sten Grillner
- Department of Neuroscience; the Nobel Institute for Neurophysiology, Karolinska Institutet; SE-171 77 Stockholm Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Peñaranda DS, Mazzeo I, Gallego V, Hildahl J, Nourizadeh-Lillabadi R, Pérez L, Weltzien FA, Asturiano JF. The regulation of aromatase and androgen receptor expression during gonad development in male and female European eel. Reprod Domest Anim 2014; 49:512-21. [PMID: 24750538 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This research investigated the regulation of aromatase and androgen receptor gene expression in the brain-pituitary-gonad (BPG) axis of male and female European eels (Anguilla anguilla) during induced sexual maturation. Complete A. anguilla aromatase (aa-cyp19a1) and partial androgen receptor α and β (aa-ara and aa-arb) sequences were isolated, and qPCR assays were validated and used for quantification of transcript levels for these three genes. Expression levels of the genes varied with sex, tissue and stage of maturation. aa-arb was expressed at higher levels than aa-ara in the pituitary and gonad in both sexes, suggesting aa-arb is the physiologically most important androgen receptor in these tissues. In the female brain, a decrease in aa-ara and an increase in aa-cyp19a1 were observed at the vitellogenic stage. In contrast, a progressive increase in all three genes was observed in the pituitary and ovaries throughout gonadal development, with aa-arb and aa-cyp19a1 reaching significantly higher levels at the vitellogenic stage. In the male pituitary, a decrease in aa-arb and an increase in aa-cyp19a1 were observed at the beginning of spermatogenesis, and thereafter remained low and high, respectively. In the testis, the transcript levels of androgen receptors and aa-cyp19a1 were higher during the early stages of spermatogenesis and decreased thereafter. These sex-dependent differences in the regulation of the expression of aa-ara, aa-arb and cyp19a1 are discussed in relation to the role of androgens and their potential aromatization in the European eel during gonadal maturation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D S Peñaranda
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain; Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Leal E, Fernández-Durán B, Agulleiro MJ, Conde-Siera M, Míguez JM, Cerdá-Reverter JM. Effects of dopaminergic system activation on feeding behavior and growth performance of the sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax): a self-feeding approach. Horm Behav 2013; 64:113-21. [PMID: 23747830 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2013.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine is synthesized from l-dopa and subsequently processed into norepinephrine and epinephrine. Any excess neurotransmitter can be taken up again by the neurons to be broken down enzymatically into DOPAC. The effect of dopamine on mammalian food intake is controversial. Mice unable to synthesize central dopamine die of starvation. However, studies have also shown that central injection of dopamine inhibits food intake. The effect of dopaminergic system in the fish feeding behavior has been scarcely explored. We report that the inclusion of l-dopa in the diets results in the activation of sea bass central dopaminergic system but also in the significant increase of the hypothalamic serotonin levels. Dietary l-dopa induces a decrease of food intake and feed conversion efficiency that drives a decline of all growth parameters tested. No behavioral effects were observed after l-dopa treatment. l-dopa treatment stimulated central expression of NPY and CRF. It suggests that CRF might mediate l-dopa effects on food intake but also that CRF neurons lie downstream of NPY neurons in the hierarchical forebrain system, thus controlling energy balance. Unexpectedly, dietary administration of haloperidol, a D2-receptor antagonist, cannot block dopamine effects but also induces a decline of the food intake. This decrease seems to be a side effect of haloperidol treatment since fish exhibited a decreased locomotor activity. We conclude that oral l-dopa inhibits sea bass food intake and growth. Mechanism could also involve an increase of hypothalamic serotoninergic tone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Leal
- Department of Fish Physiology and Biotechnology, Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATS-CSIC), Castellón, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Fontaine R, Affaticati P, Yamamoto K, Jolly C, Bureau C, Baloche S, Gonnet F, Vernier P, Dufour S, Pasqualini C. Dopamine inhibits reproduction in female zebrafish (Danio rerio) via three pituitary D2 receptor subtypes. Endocrinology 2013; 154:807-18. [PMID: 23295741 DOI: 10.1210/en.2012-1759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In many teleosts, the stimulatory control of gonadotrope axis by GnRH is opposed by an inhibitory control by dopamine (DA). The functional importance of this inhibitory pathway differs widely from one teleostean species to another. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a teleost fish that has become increasingly popular as an experimental vertebrate model. However, the role of DA in the neuroendocrine control of its reproduction has never been studied. Here the authors evaluated in sexually regressed female zebrafish the effects of in vivo treatments with a DA D2 receptor (D2-R) antagonist domperidone, or a GnRH agonist, alone and in combination, on the pituitary level of FSHβ and LHβ transcripts, the gonadosomatic index, and the ovarian histology. Only the double treatment with GnRH agonist and domperidone could induce an increase in the expression of LHβ, in the gonadosomatic index, and a stimulation of ovarian vitellogenesis, indicating that removal of dopaminergic inhibition is required for the stimulatory action of GnRH and reactivation of ovarian function to occur. Using double immunofluorescent staining on pituitary, the authors showed in this species the innervation of LH cells by tyrosine-hydroxylase immunoreactive fibers. Finally, using in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence, the authors showed that the three subtypes of zebrafish DA D2-R (D2a, D2b, and D2c) were expressed in LH-producing cells, suggesting that they all may be involved in mediating this inhibition. These results show for the first time that, in zebrafish, DA has a direct and potent inhibitory action capable of opposing the stimulatory effect of GnRH in the neuroendocrine control of reproduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romain Fontaine
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 3294, Neurobiologie et Développement, Avenue de la Terrasse, bat 5E, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91198 Cedex, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mukherjee R, Yun JW. Bromocriptine inhibits adipogenesis and lipogenesis by agonistic action on α2-adrenergic receptor in 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 40:3783-92. [PMID: 23271132 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-2455-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The primary goals of the present study were to investigate the inhibitory effects of bromocriptine (BC) on adipogenesis and lipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells as well as to elucidate its molecular mechanism of action. Adipogenic and lipogenic capacity of BC-treated cells was evaluated by oil red-O staining, triglyceride content assay, real-time RT-PCR and immunoblotting. To determine the mechanism responsible for the anti-obesity effect of BC, we applied two methods. Firstly, we knocked down dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) up to 50% using siRNA. Secondly, we blocked the activity of α2-adrenergic receptor (α2-AR) by yohimbine treatment and monitored its effects on adipogenic and lipogenic events in 3T3-L1 cells. BC decreased the expression levels of adipogenic activators, including Pparα, Pparγ, and Cebpα, as well as major lipogenic target genes, including Me1, Acc1, 6Pgd, Fasn, and Prkaa1. Moreover, BC markedly reduced intracellular nitric oxide formation in a dose-dependent manner and expression of pro-inflammatory genes, Tnfα and Il6, which reflects attenuated pro-inflammatory responses. Further, upon treatment with BC, D2R-deficient cells displayed a significant decrease in lipogenic activity compared to control cells, whereas yohimbine-treated cells exhibited no reduction in lipogenic activity. BC can effectively attenuate adipogenesis and lipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells by downregulating the expression of lipogenic genes and proteins. Our current experimental data collectively establish that the anti-obesity effects of BC are not D2R-dependent but result from the action of α2-AR in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Mukherjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Kyungsan, Kyungbuk 712-714, Republic of Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Pasquier J, Lafont AG, Jeng SR, Morini M, Dirks R, van den Thillart G, Tomkiewicz J, Tostivint H, Chang CF, Rousseau K, Dufour S. Multiple kisspeptin receptors in early osteichthyans provide new insights into the evolution of this receptor family. PLoS One 2012. [PMID: 23185286 PMCID: PMC3502363 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Deorphanization of GPR54 receptor a decade ago led to the characterization of the kisspeptin receptor (Kissr) in mammals and the discovery of its major role in the brain control of reproduction. While a single gene encodes for Kissr in eutherian mammals including human, other vertebrates present a variable number of Kissr genes, from none in birds, one or two in teleosts, to three in an amphibian, xenopus. In order to get more insight into the evolution of Kissr gene family, we investigated the presence of Kissr in osteichthyans of key-phylogenetical positions: the coelacanth, a representative of early sarcopterygians, the spotted gar, a non-teleost actinopterygian, and the European eel, a member of an early group of teleosts (elopomorphs). We report the occurrence of three Kissr for the first time in a teleost, the eel. As measured by quantitative RT-PCR, the three eel Kissr were differentially expressed in the brain-pituitary-gonadal axis, and differentially regulated in experimentally matured eels, as compared to prepubertal controls. Subfunctionalisation, as shown by these differences in tissue distribution and regulation, may have represented significant evolutionary constraints for the conservation of multiple Kissr paralogs in this species. Furthermore, we identified four Kissr in both coelacanth and spotted gar genomes, providing the first evidence for the presence of four Kissr in vertebrates. Phylogenetic and syntenic analyses supported the existence of four Kissr paralogs in osteichthyans and allowed to propose a clarified nomenclature of Kissr (Kissr-1 to -4) based on these paralogs. Syntenic analysis suggested that the four Kissr paralogs arose through the two rounds of whole genome duplication (1R and 2R) in early vertebrates, followed by multiple gene loss events in the actinopterygian and sarcopterygian lineages. Due to gene loss there was no impact of the teleost-specific whole genome duplication (3R) on the number of Kissr paralogs in current teleosts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Pasquier
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Research Unit BOREA, Biology of Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems, CNRS 7208- IRD207- UPMC, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Gaëlle Lafont
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Research Unit BOREA, Biology of Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems, CNRS 7208- IRD207- UPMC, Paris, France
| | - Shan-Ru Jeng
- National Kaohsiung Marine University, Department of Aquaculture, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Marina Morini
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Research Unit BOREA, Biology of Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems, CNRS 7208- IRD207- UPMC, Paris, France
| | - Ron Dirks
- Leiden University, ZF-screens B.V. and Institute of Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jonna Tomkiewicz
- Technical University of Denmark, National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Charlottenlund, Denmark
| | - Hervé Tostivint
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7221 CNRS/MNHN Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Paris, France
| | - Ching-Fong Chang
- National Taiwan Ocean University, Department of Aquaculture and Center of Excellence for Marine Bioenvironment and Biotechnology, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Karine Rousseau
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Research Unit BOREA, Biology of Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems, CNRS 7208- IRD207- UPMC, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Dufour
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Research Unit BOREA, Biology of Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems, CNRS 7208- IRD207- UPMC, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
The dopamine D2 receptor gene in lamprey, its expression in the striatum and cellular effects of D2 receptor activation. PLoS One 2012; 7:e35642. [PMID: 22563388 PMCID: PMC3338520 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 03/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
All basal ganglia subnuclei have recently been identified in lampreys, the phylogenetically oldest group of vertebrates. Furthermore, the interconnectivity of these nuclei is similar to mammals and tyrosine hydroxylase-positive (dopaminergic) fibers have been detected within the input layer, the striatum. Striatal processing is critically dependent on the interplay with the dopamine system, and we explore here whether D2 receptors are expressed in the lamprey striatum and their potential role. We have identified a cDNA encoding the dopamine D2 receptor from the lamprey brain and the deduced protein sequence showed close phylogenetic relationship with other vertebrate D2 receptors, and an almost 100% identity within the transmembrane domains containing the amino acids essential for dopamine binding. There was a strong and distinct expression of D2 receptor mRNA in a subpopulation of striatal neurons, and in the same region tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive synaptic terminals were identified at the ultrastructural level. The synaptic incidence of tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive boutons was highest in a region ventrolateral to the compact layer of striatal neurons, a region where most striatal dendrites arborise. Application of a D2 receptor agonist modulates striatal neurons by causing a reduced spike discharge and a diminished post-inhibitory rebound. We conclude that the D2 receptor gene had already evolved in the earliest group of vertebrates, cyclostomes, when they diverged from the main vertebrate line of evolution (560 mya), and that it is expressed in striatum where it exerts similar cellular effects to that in other vertebrates. These results together with our previous published data (Stephenson-Jones et al. 2011, 2012) further emphasize the high degree of conservation of the basal ganglia, also with regard to the indirect loop, and its role as a basic mechanism for action selection in all vertebrates.
Collapse
|
33
|
Jeng SR, Pasquier J, Yueh WS, Chen GR, Lee YH, Dufour S, Chang CF. Differential regulation of the expression of cytochrome P450 aromatase, estrogen and androgen receptor subtypes in the brain-pituitary-ovarian axis of the Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) reveals steroid dependent and independent mechanisms. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2012; 175:163-72. [PMID: 22107840 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2011] [Revised: 10/31/2011] [Accepted: 11/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed at investigating the role of sexual steroids in the regulation of the expression of the single aromatase gene and steroid receptor subtypes in the brain-pituitary-ovarian axis of the Japanese eel. Unlike other teleosts, which possess duplicated genes for aromatase, cyp19a1a and cyp19a1b, expressed in the gonads and in the brain, respectively, eel species possess a single cyp19a1. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that eel brain/gonadal cyp19a1 branches at the basis of both teleost gonadal cyp19a1a and brain cyp19a1b clades. Female eels treated with catfish pituitary homogenate (CPH) to induce sexual maturation showed an increase in the expression of cyp19a1 and aromatase enzymatic activity in the brain and in the ovaries. Treatments with sex steroids (estradiol-17β, E(2) or testosterone, T) revealed that the increase in cyp19a1 expression in the brain may result from E(2)-specific induction. In contrast, the increase in cyp19a1 expression in the ovaries of CPH-treated eels is a result of steroid-independent control, probably from a direct effect of gonadotropins contained in the pituitary extract. Analysis of the expression of estrogen and androgen receptor subtypes, esr-α, esr-β, ar-α and ar-β, in eels treated with CPH or sex steroids revealed differential regulations. In CPH-treated eels, the expression of esr-α and ar-α was significantly increased in the brain, while the expression of ar-α and ar-β was increased in the ovaries. No change was observed in esr-β in any organ. Steroid treatments induced an upregulation by E(2) of esr-α, but not esr-β expression, in the brain, pituitary and ovaries, while no autoregulation by T of its own receptors could be observed. These results reveal both steroid-dependent and -independent mechanisms in the regulation of cyp19a1 and steroid receptor subtype expression in the eel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Ru Jeng
- Department of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wang X, Zhao T, Wei H, Zhou H. Regulation of dopamine D2 receptor expression in grass carp pituitary cells: a possible mechanism for dopaminergic modification of luteinizing hormone synthesis. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2011; 173:48-55. [PMID: 21570980 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2011] [Revised: 03/28/2011] [Accepted: 04/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In many fishes, dopamine (DA) strongly inhibits luteinizing hormone (LH) release by direct action at the pituitary level. In this study, the effect of DA on LH synthesis was examined by detecting its β-subunit mRNA level in immature grass carp pituitary cells. Results showed that DA inhibited LHβ mRNA expression and its inhibition was antagonized by a DA D2 receptor (DRD2) antagonist, sulpiride, suggesting that DA inhibited LH synthesis via DRD2. This notion was further supported by the finding that the grass carp DRD2 (gcDRD2) immunoreactivity was observed in the proximal pars distalis of the pituitary in which gonadotrophs are distributed. Accordingly, a full-length cDNA for DRD2 was cloned from grass carp pituitary and it showed closer phylogenetic relationships to the DA D2 receptors compared with the D3 and D4 or D1-like receptors in other vertebrates. Besides brain, the expression of this receptor in pituitary was revealed by tissue distribution assay, implying the pituitary function of gcDRD2 in immature grass carp. In grass carp pituitary cells, gcDRD2 transcript level was stimulated by DA and this stimulation was blocked by sulpiride. However, hCG, a functional homolog of grass carp LH, was found to inhibit gcDRD2 mRNA expression, indicating an intrapituitary negative feedback of LH on gcDRD2 expression. In view of our observation that the DRD2 mediated the dopaminergic inhibition of LH synthesis, we speculate that the DA stimulation and LH suppression on gcDRD2 may reinforce or attenuate the DA inhibition on LH synthesis, respectively and this regulation of gcDRD2 may at least partially contribute to the steady state levels of LH mRNA in prepubertal grass carp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Popesku JT, Navarro-Martín L, Trudeau VL. Evidence for Alternative Splicing of a Dopamine D2 Receptor in a Teleost. Physiol Biochem Zool 2011; 84:135-46. [DOI: 10.1086/658290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
36
|
O'Connell LA, Fontenot MR, Hofmann HA. Characterization of the dopaminergic system in the brain of an African cichlid fish, Astatotilapia burtoni. J Comp Neurol 2010; 519:75-92. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.22506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
37
|
Levavi-Sivan B, Bogerd J, Mañanós EL, Gómez A, Lareyre JJ. Perspectives on fish gonadotropins and their receptors. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2010; 165:412-37. [PMID: 19686749 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2009.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 323] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2009] [Revised: 07/10/2009] [Accepted: 07/16/2009] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Teleosts lack a hypophyseal portal system and hence neurohormones are carried by nerve fibers from the preoptic region to the pituitary. The various cell types in the teleost pituitary are organized in discrete domains. Fish possess two gonadotropins (GtH) similar to FSH and LH in other vertebrates; they are heterodimeric hormones that consist of a common alpha subunit non-covalently associated with a hormone-specific beta subunit. In recent years the availability of molecular cloning techniques allowed the isolation of the genes coding for the GtH subunits in 56 fish species representing at least 14 teleost orders. Advanced molecular engineering provides the technology to produce recombinant GtHs from isolated cDNAs. Various expression systems have been used for the production of recombinant proteins. Recombinant fish GtHs were produced for carp, seabream, channel and African catfish, goldfish, eel, tilapia, zebrafish, Manchurian trout and Orange-spotted grouper. The hypothalamus in fishes exerts its regulation on the release of the GtHs via several neurohormones such as GnRH, dopamine, GABA, PACAP, IGF-I, norepinephrine, NPY, kisspeptin, leptin and ghrelin. In addition, gonadal steroids and peptides exert their effects on the gonadotropins either directly or via the hypothalamus. All these are discussed in detail in this review. In mammals, the biological activities of FSH and LH are directed to different gonadal target cells through the cell-specific expression of the FSH receptor (FSHR) and LH receptor (LHR), respectively, and the interaction between each gonadotropin-receptor couple is highly selective. In contrast, the bioactivity of fish gonadotropins seems to be less specific as a result of promiscuous hormone-receptor interactions, while FSHR expression in Leydig cells explains the strong steroidogenic activity of FSH in certain fish species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Levavi-Sivan
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Department of Animal Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Taranger GL, Carrillo M, Schulz RW, Fontaine P, Zanuy S, Felip A, Weltzien FA, Dufour S, Karlsen O, Norberg B, Andersson E, Hansen T. Control of puberty in farmed fish. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2010; 165:483-515. [PMID: 19442666 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2009.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2008] [Revised: 04/17/2009] [Accepted: 05/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Puberty comprises the transition from an immature juvenile to a mature adult state of the reproductive system, i.e. the individual becomes capable of reproducing sexually for the first time, which implies functional competence of the brain-pituitary-gonad (BPG) axis. Early puberty is a major problem in many farmed fish species due to negative effects on growth performance, flesh composition, external appearance, behaviour, health, welfare and survival, as well as possible genetic impact on wild populations. Late puberty can also be a problem for broodstock management in some species, while some species completely fail to enter puberty under farming conditions. Age and size at puberty varies between and within species and strains, and are modulated by genetic and environmental factors. Puberty onset is controlled by activation of the BPG axis, and a range of internal and external factors are hypothesised to stimulate and/or modulate this activation such as growth, adiposity, feed intake, photoperiod, temperature and social factors. For example, there is a positive correlation between rapid growth and early puberty in fish. Age at puberty can be controlled by selective breeding or control of photoperiod, feeding or temperature. Monosex stocks can exploit sex dimorphic growth patterns and sterility can be achieved by triploidisation. However, all these techniques have limitations under commercial farming conditions. Further knowledge is needed on both basic and applied aspects of puberty control to refine existing methods and to develop new methods that are efficient in terms of production and acceptable in terms of fish welfare and sustainability.
Collapse
|
39
|
Dufour S, Sebert ME, Weltzien FA, Rousseau K, Pasqualini C. Neuroendocrine control by dopamine of teleost reproduction. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2010; 76:129-160. [PMID: 20738703 DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2009.02499.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
While gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is considered as the major hypothalamic factor controlling pituitary gonadotrophins in mammals and most other vertebrates, its stimulatory actions may be opposed by the potent inhibitory actions of dopamine (DA) in teleosts. This dual neuroendocrine control of reproduction by GnRH and DA has been demonstrated in various, but not all, adult teleosts, where DA participates in an inhibitory role in the neuroendocrine regulation of the last steps of gametogenesis (final oocyte maturation and ovulation in females and spermiation in males). This has major implications for inducing spawning in aquaculture. In addition, DA may also play an inhibitory role during the early steps of gametogenesis in some teleost species, and thus interact with GnRH in the control of puberty. Various neuroanatomical investigations have shown that DA neurones responsible for the inhibitory control of reproduction originate in a specific nucleus of the preoptic area (NPOav) and project directly to the region of the pituitary where gonadotrophic cells are located. Pharmacological studies showed that the inhibitory effects of DA on pituitary gonadotrophin production are mediated by DA-D2 type receptors. DA-D2 receptors have now been sequenced in several teleosts, and the coexistence of several DA-D2 subtypes has been demonstrated in a few species. Hypophysiotropic DA activity varies with development and reproductive cycle and probably is controlled by environmental cues as well as endogenous signals. Sex steroids have been shown to regulate dopaminergic systems in several teleost species, affecting both DA synthesis and DA-D2 receptor expression. This demonstrates that sex steroid feedbacks target DA hypophysiotropic system, as well as the other components of the brain-pituitary gonadotrophic axis, GnRH and gonadotrophins. Recent studies have revealed that melatonin modulates the activity of DA systems in some teleosts, making the melatonin-DA pathway a prominent relay between environmental cues and control of reproduction. The recruitment of DA neurons for the neuroendocrine control of reproduction provides an additional brain pathway for the integration of various internal and environmental cues. The plasticity of the DA neuroendocrine role observed in teleosts may have contributed to their large diversity of reproductive cycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Dufour
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques" MNHN-CNRS-IRD-UPMC, 7 rue Cuvier, CP 32, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Kinetics and pharmacology of the D1- and D2-like dopamine receptors in Japanese quail brain. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2009; 29:961-70. [PMID: 19330447 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-009-9382-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2008] [Accepted: 02/26/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Although the avian brain dopamine system and its functions have been studied much less than the mammalian one, there is an increasing interest in the role of dopamine and its receptors in a wide variety of motor, cognitive and emotional functions in birds with implications for basic research, medicine or agriculture. Pharmacological characterisation of the avian dopamine receptors has had little attention. In this paper we characterise the two classes of dopamine receptors in Japanese quail brain by radioligand binding techniques using [(3)H]SCH 23390 (D(1)) and [(3)H]spiperone (D(2)). Association, dissociation and saturation analyses showed that the binding of both radioligands is time- and concentration-dependent, saturable and reversible. Apparent dissociation constants determined for [(3)H]SCH 23390 and [(3)H]spiperone from concentration isotherms were 1.07 and 0.302 nM and the maximum binding capacities were 89.3 and 389.3 fmol per mg of protein, respectively. Using competitive binding studies with a spectrum of dopamine and other neurotransmitter receptor agonists/antagonists, the [(3)H]SCH 23390 and [(3)H]spiperone binding sites were characterised pharmacologically. Pharmacological profiles of quail dopamine receptors showed a high degree of pharmacological homology with other vertebrate dopamine receptors. The data presented extend the knowledge of kinetics and pharmacology of D(1)- and D(2)-like dopamine receptors in birds, provide data for avian psychopharmacological and comparative studies and represent an important complement to studies using cell expression systems.
Collapse
|