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Jiang YJ, Xia Y, Hu YX, Han ZJ, Guo AY, Huang T. Identification of P21 (CDKN1A) Activated Kinase 4 as a Susceptibility Gene for Familial Non-Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma. Thyroid 2024; 34:583-597. [PMID: 38411500 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2023.0564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Background: Familial non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (FNMTC) is a genetically predisposed disease with unclear genetic mechanisms. This makes research on susceptibility genes important for the diagnosis and treatment options. Methods: This study included a five-member family affected by papillary thyroid carcinoma. The candidate genes were identified through whole-exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing in family members, other FNMTC patients, and sporadic non-medullary thyroid carcinoma patients. The pathogenicity of the mutation was predicted using in silico tools. Cell phenotype experiments in vitro and models of lung distant metastasis in vivo were conducted to confirm the characteristics of the mutation. Transcriptome sequencing and mechanistic validation were employed to compare the disparities between PAK4 wild-type (WT) and PAK4 mutant (MUT) cell lines. Results: This mutation alters the protein structure, potentially increasing instability by affecting hydrophobicity, intra-molecular hydrogen bonding, and phosphorylation sites. It specifically promotes phosphorylated PAK4 nuclear translocation and expression in thyroid tissue and cell lines. Compared with the WT cells line, PAK4 I417T demonstrates enhanced proliferation, invasiveness, accelerated cell division, and inhibition of cell apoptosis in vitro. In addition, it exhibits a significant propensity for metastasis in vivo. It activates tumor necrosis factor signaling through increased phosphorylation of PAK4, JNK, NFκB, and c-Jun, unlike the WT that activates it via the PAK4-NFκ-MMP9 axis. In addition, PAK4 MUT protein interacts with matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)3 and regulates MMP3 promoter activity, which is not observed in the WT. Conclusions: Our study identified PAK4: c.T1250C: p.I417T as a potential susceptibility gene for FNMTC. The study concludes that the mutant form of PAK4 exhibits oncogenic function, suggesting its potential as a novel diagnostic molecular marker for FNMTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jia Jiang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College; College of Life Science and Technology; Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun Xia
- Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology; Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Hu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College; College of Life Science and Technology; Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhuo-Jun Han
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College; College of Life Science and Technology; Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - An-Yuan Guo
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College; College of Life Science and Technology; Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Jiang YJ, Xia Y, Han ZJ, Hu YX, Huang T. Chromosomal localization of mutated genes in non-syndromic familial thyroid cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1286426. [PMID: 38571492 PMCID: PMC10987779 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1286426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Familial non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (FNMTC) is a type of thyroid cancer characterized by genetic susceptibility, representing approximately 5% of all non-medullary thyroid carcinomas. While some cases of FNMTC are associated with familial multi-organ tumor predisposition syndromes, the majority occur independently. The genetic mechanisms underlying non-syndromic FNMTC remain unclear. Initial studies utilized SNP linkage analysis to identify susceptibility loci, including the 1q21 locus, 2q21 locus, and 4q32 locus, among others. Subsequent research employed more advanced techniques such as Genome-wide Association Study and Whole Exome Sequencing, leading to the discovery of genes such as IMMP2L, GALNTL4, WDR11-AS1, DUOX2, NOP53, MAP2K5, and others. But FNMTC exhibits strong genetic heterogeneity, with each family having its own pathogenic genes. This is the first article to provide a chromosomal landscape map of susceptibility genes associated with non-syndromic FNMTC and analyze their potential associations. It also presents a detailed summary of variant loci, characteristics, research methodologies, and validation results from different countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-jia Jiang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun Xia
- Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuo-jun Han
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi-xuan Hu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Hu Y, Han Z, Guo H, Zhang N, Shen N, Jiang Y, Huang T. Identification of a Novel Germline PPP4R3A Missense Mutation Asp409Asn on Familial Non-Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma. Biomedicines 2024; 12:244. [PMID: 38275415 PMCID: PMC10813271 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Familial non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (FNMTC) accounts for 3% to 9% of all thyroid cancer cases, yet its genetic mechanisms remain unknown. Our study aimed to screen and identify novel susceptibility genes for FNMTC. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was conducted on a confirmed FNMTC pedigree, comprising four affected individuals across two generations. Variants were filtered and analyzed using ExAC and 1000 Genomes Project, with candidate gene pathogenicity predicted using SIFT, PolyPhen, and MutationTaster. Validation was performed through Sanger sequencing in affected pedigree members and sporadic patients (TCGA database) as well as general population data (gnomAD database). Ultimately, we identified the mutant PPP4R3A (NC_000014.8:g.91942196C>T, or NM_001366432.2(NP_001353361.1):p.(Asp409Asn), based on GRCH37) as an FNMTC susceptibility gene. Subsequently, a series of functional experiments were conducted to investigate the impact of PPP4R3A and its Asp409Asn missense variant in thyroid cancer. Our findings demonstrated that wild-type PPP4R3A exerted tumor-suppressive effects via the Akt-mTOR-P70 S6K/4E-BP1 axis. However, overexpression of the PPP4R3A Asp409Asn mutant resulted in loss of tumor-suppressive function, ineffective inhibition of cell invasion, and even promotion of cell proliferation and migration by activating the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. These results indicated that the missense variant PPP4R3A Asp409Asn is a candidate susceptibility gene for FNMTC, providing new insights into the diagnosis and intervention of FNMTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Hu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (Y.H.); (Z.H.); (H.G.); (N.Z.); (N.S.)
| | - Zhuojun Han
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (Y.H.); (Z.H.); (H.G.); (N.Z.); (N.S.)
- Department of Dermatology, Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Honghao Guo
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (Y.H.); (Z.H.); (H.G.); (N.Z.); (N.S.)
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (Y.H.); (Z.H.); (H.G.); (N.Z.); (N.S.)
| | - Na Shen
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (Y.H.); (Z.H.); (H.G.); (N.Z.); (N.S.)
| | - Yujia Jiang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (Y.H.); (Z.H.); (H.G.); (N.Z.); (N.S.)
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (Y.H.); (Z.H.); (H.G.); (N.Z.); (N.S.)
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Majdalani P, Yoel U, Nasasra T, Fraenkel M, Haim A, Loewenthal N, Zarivach R, Hershkovitz E, Parvari R. Novel Susceptibility Genes Drive Familial Non-Medullary Thyroid Cancer in a Large Consanguineous Kindred. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098233. [PMID: 37175943 PMCID: PMC10179265 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Familial non-medullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC) is a well-differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) of follicular cell origin in two or more first-degree relatives. Patients typically demonstrate an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern with incomplete penetrance. While known genes and chromosomal loci account for some FNMTC, the molecular basis for most FNMTC remains elusive. To identify the variation(s) causing FNMTC in an extended consanguineous family consisting of 16 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cases, we performed whole exome sequence (WES) analysis of six family patients. We demonstrated an association of ARHGEF28, FBXW10, and SLC47A1 genes with FNMTC. The variations in these genes may affect the structures of their encoded proteins and, thus, their function. The most promising causative gene is ARHGEF28, which has high expression in the thyroid, and its protein-protein interactions (PPIs) suggest predisposition of PTC through ARHGEF28-SQSTM1-TP53 or ARHGEF28-PTCSC2-FOXE1-TP53 associations. Using DNA from a patient's thyroid malignant tissue, we analyzed the possible cooperation of somatic variations with these genes. We revealed two somatic heterozygote variations in XRCC1 and HRAS genes known to implicate thyroid cancer. Thus, the predisposition by the germline variations and a second hit by somatic variations could lead to the progression to PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Majdalani
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Uri Yoel
- Endocrinology Unit, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Tayseer Nasasra
- Internal Medicine A, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Merav Fraenkel
- Endocrinology Unit, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Alon Haim
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Neta Loewenthal
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Raz Zarivach
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Eli Hershkovitz
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Ruti Parvari
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
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Tous C, Muñoz-Redondo C, Bravo-Gil N, Gavilan A, Fernández RM, Antiñolo J, Navarro-González E, Antiñolo G, Borrego S. Identification of Novel Candidate Genes for Familial Thyroid Cancer by Whole Exome Sequencing. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097843. [PMID: 37175550 PMCID: PMC10178269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid carcinoma (TC) can be classified as medullary (MTC) and non-medullary (NMTC). While most TCs are sporadic, familial forms of MTC and NMTC also exist (less than 1% and 3-9% of all TC cases, respectively). Germline mutations in RET are found in more than 95% of familial MTC, whereas familial NMTC shows a high degree of genetic heterogeneity. Herein, we aimed to identify susceptibility genes for familial NMTC and non-RET MTC by whole exome sequencing in 58 individuals belonging to 18 Spanish families with these carcinomas. After data analysis, 53 rare candidate segregating variants were identified in 12 of the families, 7 of them located in previously TC-associated genes. Although no common mutated genes were detected, biological processes regulating functions such as cell proliferation, differentiation, survival and adhesion were enriched. The reported functions of the identified genes together with pathogenicity and structural predictions, reinforced the candidacy of 36 of them, suggesting new loci related to TC and novel genotype-phenotype correlations. Therefore, our strategy provides clues to possible molecular mechanisms underlying familial forms of MTC and NMTC. These new molecular findings and clinical data of patients may be helpful for the early detection, development of tailored therapies and optimizing patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Tous
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Carmen Muñoz-Redondo
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Nereida Bravo-Gil
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Angela Gavilan
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Raquel María Fernández
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Juan Antiñolo
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Elena Navarro-González
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 41013 Seville, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Guillermo Antiñolo
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Salud Borrego
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 41013 Seville, Spain
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Kamani T, Charkhchi P, Zahedi A, Akbari MR. Genetic susceptibility to hereditary non-medullary thyroid cancer. Hered Cancer Clin Pract 2022; 20:9. [PMID: 35255942 PMCID: PMC8900298 DOI: 10.1186/s13053-022-00215-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-medullary thyroid cancer (NMTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer. With the increasing incidence of NMTC in recent years, the familial form of the disease has also become more common than previously reported, accounting for 5-15% of NMTC cases. Familial NMTC is further classified as non-syndromic and the less common syndromic FNMTC. Although syndromic NMTC has well-known genetic risk factors, the gene(s) responsible for the vast majority of non-syndromic FNMTC cases are yet to be identified. To date, several candidate genes have been identified as susceptibility genes in hereditary NMTC. This review summarizes genetic predisposition to non-medullary thyroid cancer and expands on the role of genetic variants in thyroid cancer tumorigenesis and the level of penetrance of NMTC-susceptibility genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Kamani
- Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, 76 Grenville St. Room 6421, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada
| | - Parsa Charkhchi
- Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, 76 Grenville St. Room 6421, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada
| | - Afshan Zahedi
- Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, 76 Grenville St. Room 6421, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada
| | - Mohammad R Akbari
- Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, 76 Grenville St. Room 6421, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada. .,Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada. .,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada.
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Nosé V, Gill A, Teijeiro JMC, Perren A, Erickson L. Overview of the 2022 WHO Classification of Familial Endocrine Tumor Syndromes. Endocr Pathol 2022; 33:197-227. [PMID: 35285003 DOI: 10.1007/s12022-022-09705-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This review of the familial tumor syndromes involving the endocrine organs is focused on discussing the main updates on the upcoming fifth edition of the WHO Classification of Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Tumors. This review emphasizes updates on histopathological and molecular genetics aspects of the most important syndromes involving the endocrine organs. We describe the newly defined Familial Cancer Syndromes as MAFA-related, MEN4, and MEN5 as well as the newly reported pathological findings in DICER1 syndrome. We also describe the updates done at the new WHO on the syndromic and non-syndromic familial thyroid diseases. We emphasize the problem of diagnostic criteria, mention the new genes that are possibly involved in this group, and at the same time, touching upon the role of some immunohistochemical studies that could support the diagnosis of some of these conditions. As pathologists play an important role in identifying tumors within a familial cancer syndrome, we highlight the most important clues for raising the suspicious of a syndrome. Finally, we highlight the challenges in defining these entities as well as determining their clinical outcome in comparison with sporadic tumors. Instead of the usual subject review, we present the highlights of the updates on familial cancer syndromes by answering select questions relevant to practicing pathologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vania Nosé
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| | | | - José Manuel Cameselle Teijeiro
- Clinical University Hospital Santiago de Compostela and Medical Faculty, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Aurel Perren
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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de Mello LEB, Carneiro TNR, Araujo AN, Alves CX, Galante PAF, Buzatto VC, das Graças de Almeida M, Vermeulen-Serpa KM, de Lima Vale SH, José de Pinto Paiva F, Brandão-Neto J, Cerutti JM. Identification of NID1 as a novel candidate susceptibility gene for familial non-medullary thyroid carcinoma using whole-exome sequencing. Endocr Connect 2022; 11:EC-21-0406.R2. [PMID: 34941562 PMCID: PMC8859953 DOI: 10.1530/ec-21-0406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The genetics underlying non-syndromic familial non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (FNMTC) is still poorly understood. To identify susceptibility genes for FNMTC, we performed whole-exome sequencing (WES) in a Brazilian family affected by papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in three consecutive generations. WES was performed in four affected and two unaffected family members. Manual inspection in over 100 previously reported susceptibility genes for FNMTC showed that no variants in known genes co-segregated with disease phenotype in this family. Novel candidate genes were investigated using PhenoDB and filtered using Genome Aggregation (gnomAD) and Online Archive of Brazilian Mutations (ABraOM) population databases. The missense variant p.Ile657Met in the NID1 gene was the only variant that co-segregated with the disease, while absent in unaffected family members and controls. The allele frequency for this variant was <0.0001 in the gnomAD and ABbraOM databases. In silico analysis predicted the variant to be deleterious or likely damaging to the protein function. Somatic mutations in NID1 gene were found in nearly 500 cases of different cancer subtypes in the intOGen platform. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed NID1 expression in PTC cells, while it was absent in normal thyroid tissue. Our findings were corroborated using data from the TCGA cohort. Moreover, higher expression of NID1 was associated with higher likelihood of relapse after treatment and N1b disease in PTCs from the TCGA cohort. Although replication studies are needed to better understand the role of this variant in the FNMTC susceptibility, the NID1 variant (c.1971T>G) identified in this study fulfills several criteria that suggest it as a new FNMTC predisposing gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Eduardo Barbalho de Mello
- Genetic Bases of Thyroid Tumors Laboratory, Division of Genetics, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Thaise Nayane Ribeiro Carneiro
- Genetic Bases of Thyroid Tumors Laboratory, Division of Genetics, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline Neves Araujo
- Genetic Bases of Thyroid Tumors Laboratory, Division of Genetics, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Xavier Alves
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria das Graças de Almeida
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Karina Marques Vermeulen-Serpa
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Sancha Helena de Lima Vale
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Fernando José de Pinto Paiva
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - José Brandão-Neto
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Janete Maria Cerutti
- Genetic Bases of Thyroid Tumors Laboratory, Division of Genetics, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Correspondence should be addressed to J M Cerutti:
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Sánchez-Ares M, Cameselle-García S, Abdulkader-Nallib I, Rodríguez-Carnero G, Beiras-Sarasquete C, Puñal-Rodríguez JA, Cameselle-Teijeiro JM. Susceptibility Genes and Chromosomal Regions Associated With Non-Syndromic Familial Non-Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: Some Pathogenetic and Diagnostic Keys. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:829103. [PMID: 35295987 PMCID: PMC8918666 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.829103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the malignant tumor that is increasing most rapidly in the world, mainly at the expense of sporadic papillary thyroid carcinoma. The somatic alterations involved in the pathogenesis of sporadic follicular cell derived tumors are well recognized, while the predisposing alterations implicated in hereditary follicular tumors are less well known. Since the genetic background of syndromic familial non-medullary carcinoma has been well established, here we review the pathogenesis of non-syndromic familial non-medullary carcinoma emphasizing those aspects that may be useful in clinical and pathological diagnosis. Non-syndromic familial non-medullary carcinoma has a complex and heterogeneous genetic basis involving several genes and loci with a monogenic or polygenic inheritance model. Most cases are papillary thyroid carcinoma (classic and follicular variant), usually accompanied by benign thyroid nodules (follicular thyroid adenoma and/or multinodular goiter). The possible diagnostic and prognostic usefulness of the changes in the expression and/or translocation of various proteins secondary to several mutations reported in this setting requires further confirmation. Given that non-syndromic familial non-medullary carcinoma and sporadic non-medullary thyroid carcinoma share the same morphology and somatic mutations, the same targeted therapies could be used at present, if necessary, until more specific targeted treatments become available.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Sánchez-Ares
- Department of Pathology, Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Galician Healthcare Service (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Soledad Cameselle-García
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Complex of Ourense, Galician Healthcare Service (SERGAS), Ourense, Spain
| | - Ihab Abdulkader-Nallib
- Department of Pathology, Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Galician Healthcare Service (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- School of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Gemma Rodríguez-Carnero
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Galician Healthcare Service (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carolina Beiras-Sarasquete
- Department of Surgery, Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Galician Healthcare Service (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Antonio Puñal-Rodríguez
- School of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Galician Healthcare Service (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Manuel Cameselle-Teijeiro
- Department of Pathology, Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Galician Healthcare Service (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- School of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- *Correspondence: José Manuel Cameselle-Teijeiro,
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Papillary Thyroid Cancer Affecting Multiple Family Members: A Case Report and Literature Review of Familial Nonmedullary Thyroid Cancer. Case Rep Endocrinol 2021; 2021:3472000. [PMID: 34691791 PMCID: PMC8536453 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3472000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC) represents 5–10% of NMTC cases. Many controversies are associated with the FNMTC, namely, the minimum required number of affected family members to define the condition, aggressiveness, prognosis, and treatment and screening recommendations. Moreover, the genetic basis of the FNMTC has not yet been identified. We report a family diagnosed with FNMTC and present a comprehensive literature review of the condition. The index case was a 26-year-old male who was diagnosed with locally advanced papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Then, his family members became worried and asked for a neck ultrasound. Four of his six siblings, in addition to his father, were diagnosed with PTC. In addition, two of his cousins were diagnosed. The patient underwent total thyroidectomy with bilateral neck dissection, and he received 2 doses of radioactive iodine (100 mCi each). Furthermore, one of his siblings required a second surgery with repeated radioactive iodine therapy. The index case genetic screening and whole-exome sequencing did not show any abnormalities. Future genetic and clinical research should focus on kindred with 3 or more affected individuals for better identification of the FNMTC susceptibility genes and to better guide management and screening recommendations.
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11
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Marques IJ, Gomes I, Pojo M, Pires C, Moura MM, Cabrera R, Santos C, van IJcken WFJ, Teixeira MR, Ramalho JS, Leite V, Cavaco BM. Identification of SPRY4 as a Novel Candidate Susceptibility Gene for Familial Nonmedullary Thyroid Cancer. Thyroid 2021; 31:1366-1375. [PMID: 33906393 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2020.0290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Background: The molecular basis of familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC) is still poorly understood, representing a limitation for molecular diagnosis and clinical management. In this study, we aimed to identify new susceptibility genes for FNMTC through whole-exome sequencing (WES) analysis of leukocyte DNA of patients from a highly informative FNMTC family. Methods: We selected six affected family members to conduct WES analysis. Bioinformatic analyses were undertaken to filter and select the genetic variants shared by the affected members, which were subsequently validated by Sanger sequencing. To select the most likely pathogenic variants, several studies were performed, including family segregation analysis, in silico impact characterization, and gene expression (messenger RNA and protein) depiction in databases. For the most promising variant identified, we performed in vitro studies to validate its pathogenicity. Results: Several potentially pathogenic variants were identified in different candidate genes. After filtering with appropriate criteria, the variant c.701C>T, p.Thr234Met in the SPRY4 gene was prioritized for in vitro functional characterization. This SPRY4 variant led to an increase in cell viability and colony formation, indicating that it confers a proliferative advantage and potentiates clonogenic capacity. Phosphokinase array and Western blot analyses suggested that the effects of the SPRY4 variant were mediated through the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway, which was further supported by a higher responsiveness of thyroid cancer cells with the SPRY4 variant to a MEK inhibitor. Conclusions: WES analysis in one family identified SPRY4 as a likely novel candidate susceptibility gene for FNMTC, allowing a better understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying thyroid cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês J Marques
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
- Chronic Diseases Research Centre, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Nova Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Inês Gomes
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marta Pojo
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carolina Pires
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Margarida M Moura
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rafael Cabrera
- Serviço de Anatomia Patológica, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina Santos
- Serviço de Genética, Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto Francisco Gentil, Porto, Portugal
| | - Wilfred F J van IJcken
- Center for Biomics, Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manuel R Teixeira
- Serviço de Genética, Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto Francisco Gentil, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José S Ramalho
- Chronic Diseases Research Centre, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Nova Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Valeriano Leite
- Nova Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Serviço de Endocrinologia, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Branca M Cavaco
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
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12
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Pires C, Marques IJ, Dias D, Saramago A, Leite V, Cavaco BM. A pathogenic variant in CHEK2 shows a founder effect in Portuguese Roma patients with thyroid cancer. Endocrine 2021; 73:588-597. [PMID: 33683595 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-021-02660-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Germline mutations in DNA repair-related genes have been recently reported in cases with familial non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (FNMTC). A Portuguese family from the Roma ethnic group with four members affected with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and three members with multinodular goiter (MNG) was identified. The aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of DNA repair-related genes in the etiology of FNMTC in this family and in the Roma ethnic group. METHODS Ninety-four hereditary cancer predisposition genes were analyzed through next-generation sequencing. Sanger sequencing was used for variant confirmation and screening. Twelve polymorphic markers were genotyped for haplotype analysis in the CHEK2 locus. RESULTS A germline pathogenic frameshift variant in the CHEK2 gene [c.596dupA, p.(Tyr199Ter)] was detected in homozygosity in the proband (PTC) and in his brother (MNG), being heterozygous in his mother (PTC), two sisters (PTC), and one nephew (MNG). This variant was absent in 100 general population controls. The screening of the CHEK2 variant was extended to other Roma individuals, being detected in 2/33 Roma patients with thyroid cancer, and in 1/15 Roma controls. Haplotype segregation analysis identified a common ancestral core haplotype (Hcac), covering 10 Mb in the CHEK2 locus, shared by affected CHEK2 variant carriers. Analysis of 62 individuals CHEK2 wild-type indicated that none presented the Hcac haplotype. The estimated age for this variant suggested that it was transmitted by a relatively recent common ancestor. CONCLUSIONS We identified a founder CHEK2 pathogenic variant, which is likely to underlie thyroid cancer and other cancer manifestations in the Roma population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Pires
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Inês Jorge Marques
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
- Chronic Diseases Research Centre (CEDOC), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Nova Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Daniela Dias
- Serviço de Endocrinologia, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Saramago
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Valeriano Leite
- Serviço de Endocrinologia, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Branca Maria Cavaco
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal.
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13
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Germ-line mutations in WDR77 predispose to familial papillary thyroid cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2026327118. [PMID: 34326253 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2026327118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The inheritance of predisposition to nonsyndromic familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC) remains unclear. Here, we report six individuals with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) in two unrelated nonsyndromic FNMTC families. Whole-exome sequencing revealed two germ-line loss-of-function variants occurring within a 28-bp fragment of WDR77, which encodes a core member of a transmethylase complex formed with the protein arginine methyltransferase PRMT5 that is responsible for histone H4 arginine 3 dimethylation (H4R3me2) in frogs and mammals. To date, the association of WDR77 with susceptibility to cancer in humans is unknown. A very rare heterozygous missense mutation (R198H) in WDR77 exon 6 was identified in one family of three affected siblings. A heterozygous splice-site mutation (c.619+1G > C) at the 5' end of intron 6 is present in three affected members from another family. The R198H variant impairs the interaction of WDR77 with PRMT5, and the splice-site mutation causes exon 6 skipping and results in a marked decrease in mutant messenger RNA, accompanied by obviously reduced H4R3me2 levels in mutation carriers. Knockdown of WDR77 results in increased growth of thyroid cancer cells. Whole-transcriptome analysis of WDR77 mutant patient-derived thyroid tissue showed changes in pathways enriched in the processes of cell cycle promotion and apoptosis inhibition. In summary, we report WDR77 mutations predisposing patients to nonsyndromic familial PTC and link germ-line WDR77 variants to human malignant disease.
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Diquigiovanni C, Bonora E. Genetics of Familial Non-Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma (FNMTC). Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2178. [PMID: 33946592 PMCID: PMC8125431 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (NMTC) is the most frequent endocrine tumor and originates from the follicular epithelial cells of the thyroid. Familial NMTC (FNMTC) has been defined in pedigrees where two or more first-degree relatives of the patient present the disease in absence of other predisposing environmental factors. Compared to sporadic cases, FNMTCs are often multifocal, recurring more frequently and showing an early age at onset with a worse outcome. FNMTC cases show a high degree of genetic heterogeneity, thus impairing the identification of the underlying molecular causes. Over the last two decades, many efforts in identifying the susceptibility genes in large pedigrees were carried out using linkage-based approaches and genome-wide association studies, leading to the identification of susceptibility loci and variants associated with NMTC risk. The introduction of next-generation sequencing technologies has greatly contributed to the elucidation of FNMTC predisposition, leading to the identification of novel candidate variants, shortening the time and cost of gene tests. In this review we report the most significant genes identified for the FNMTC predisposition. Integrating these new molecular findings in the clinical data of patients is fundamental for an early detection and the development of tailored therapies, in order to optimize patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Diquigiovanni
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
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15
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Cameselle-Teijeiro JM, Mete O, Asa SL, LiVolsi V. Inherited Follicular Epithelial-Derived Thyroid Carcinomas: From Molecular Biology to Histological Correlates. Endocr Pathol 2021; 32:77-101. [PMID: 33495912 PMCID: PMC7960606 DOI: 10.1007/s12022-020-09661-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer derived from thyroid follicular epithelial cells is common; it represents the most common endocrine malignancy. The molecular features of sporadic tumors have been clarified in the past decade. However the incidence of familial disease has not been emphasized and is often overlooked in routine practice. A careful clinical documentation of family history or familial syndromes that can be associated with thyroid disease can help identify germline susceptibility-driven thyroid neoplasia. In this review, we summarize a large body of information about both syndromic and non-syndromic familial thyroid carcinomas. A significant number of patients with inherited non-medullary thyroid carcinomas manifest disease that appears to be sporadic disease even in some syndromic cases. The cytomorphology of the tumor(s), molecular immunohistochemistry, the findings in the non-tumorous thyroid parenchyma and other associated lesions may provide insight into the underlying syndromic disorder. However, the increasing evidence of familial predisposition to non-syndromic thyroid cancers is raising questions about the importance of genetics and epigenetics. What appears to be "sporadic" is becoming less often truly so and more often an opportunity to identify and understand novel genetic variants that underlie tumorigenesis. Pathologists must be aware of the unusual morphologic features that should prompt germline screening. Therefore, recognition of harbingers of specific germline susceptibility syndromes can assist in providing information to facilitate early detection to prevent aggressive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Cameselle-Teijeiro
- Department of Pathology, Galician Healthcare Service (SERGAS), Clinical University Hospital, Travesía Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Medical Faculty, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Ozgur Mete
- Department of Pathology and Endocrine Oncology Site, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sylvia L Asa
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Virginia LiVolsi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelmann School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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16
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Miasaki FY, Fuziwara CS, de Carvalho GA, Kimura ET. Genetic Mutations and Variants in the Susceptibility of Familial Non-Medullary Thyroid Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E1364. [PMID: 33218058 PMCID: PMC7698903 DOI: 10.3390/genes11111364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most frequent endocrine malignancy with the majority of cases derived from thyroid follicular cells and caused by sporadic mutations. However, when at least two or more first degree relatives present thyroid cancer, it is classified as familial non-medullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC) that may comprise 3-9% of all thyroid cancer. In this context, 5% of FNMTC are related to hereditary syndromes such as Cowden and Werner Syndromes, displaying specific genetic predisposition factors. On the other hand, the other 95% of cases are classified as non-syndromic FNMTC. Over the last 20 years, several candidate genes emerged in different studies of families worldwide. Nevertheless, the identification of a prevalent polymorphism or germinative mutation has not progressed in FNMTC. In this work, an overview of genetic alteration related to syndromic and non-syndromic FNMTC is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabíola Yukiko Miasaki
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (SEMPR), Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 80030-110, Brazil; (F.Y.M.); (G.A.d.C.)
| | - Cesar Seigi Fuziwara
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;
| | - Gisah Amaral de Carvalho
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (SEMPR), Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 80030-110, Brazil; (F.Y.M.); (G.A.d.C.)
| | - Edna Teruko Kimura
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;
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Comiskey DF, He H, Liyanarachchi S, Sheikh MS, Hendrickson IV, Yu L, Brock PL, de la Chapelle A. Characterizing the function of EPB41L4A in the predisposition to papillary thyroid carcinoma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19984. [PMID: 33203992 PMCID: PMC7672090 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76606-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common histotype of thyroid carcinoma. The heritability of PTC is high compared to other cancers, but its underlying causes are unknown. A recent genome-wide association study revealed the association of a variant at the 5q22 locus, rs73227498, with PTC predisposition. We report that rs17134155, a variant in high linkage disequilibrium with rs73227498, is located in an enhancer region downstream of coding transcripts of EPB41L4A. Rs17134155 showed significant enhancer activity in luciferase assays, and haplotypes containing the protective allele of this variant conferred a significantly lower risk of PTC. While the index SNP, rs73227498, acted as a significant cis-eQTL for expression of EPB41L4A, rs17134155 was a significant cis-sQTL for the alternative splicing of a non-coding transcript of EPB41L4A, called EPB41L4A-203. We also performed knockdown of EPB41L4A followed by microarray analysis. Some of the top differentially-expressed genes were represented among regulators of the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway. Our results indicate that an enhancer region at 5q22 regulates the expression and splicing of EPB41L4A transcripts. We also provide evidence that EPB41L4A expression is involved in regulating growth and differentiation pathways, suggesting that decreased expression of EPB41L4A is a mechanism in the predisposition to PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F Comiskey
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 804 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Huiling He
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 804 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Sandya Liyanarachchi
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 804 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Mehek S Sheikh
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 804 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Isabella V Hendrickson
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 804 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Lianbo Yu
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Pamela L Brock
- Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Albert de la Chapelle
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 804 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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Cirello V. Familial non-medullary thyroid carcinoma: clinico-pathological features, current knowledge and novelty regarding genetic risk factors. Minerva Endocrinol (Torino) 2020; 46:5-20. [PMID: 33045820 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6507.20.03338-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Familial non-medullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC) constitutes 3-9% of all thyroid cancers and occurs in two or more first-degree relatives in the absence of predisposing environmental factors. Out of all FNMTC cases, only 5% are represented by syndromic forms (Gardner's Syndrome, familial adenomatous polyposis, Cowden's Syndrome, Carney complex 1, Werner's Syndrome and DICER1 syndrome), in which thyroid cancer occurs as a minor component and the genetic alterations are well-known. The non-syndromic forms represent the majority of all FNMTCs (95%), and the thyroid cancer is the predominant feature. Several low penetration susceptibility risk loci or genes (i.e. TTF1, FOXE1, SRGAP1, SRRM2, HABP2, MAP2K5, and DUOX2), here fully reviewed, have been proposed in recent years with a possible causative role, though the results are still not conclusive or reliable. FNMTC is indistinguishable from sporadic non-medullary thyroid cancer (sNMTC), which means that FNMTC cannot be diagnosed until at least one of the patient's first-degree relatives is affected by tumor. Some studies reported that the non-syndromic FNMTC is more aggressive than the sNMTC, being characterized by a younger age of onset and a higher rate of multifocal and bilateral tumors, extrathyroidal extension, lymph node metastasis, and recurrence. On the contrary, other studies did not find clinical differences between non-syndromic FNMTCs and sporadic cases. Here, I reported an extensive review on genetic and clinico-pathological features of the FNMTC, with particular attention on novel genetic risk factors for non-syndromic forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Cirello
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy -
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19
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The American Association of Endocrine Surgeons Guidelines for the Definitive Surgical Management of Thyroid Disease in Adults. Ann Surg 2020; 271:e21-e93. [PMID: 32079830 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000003580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop evidence-based recommendations for safe, effective, and appropriate thyroidectomy. BACKGROUND Surgical management of thyroid disease has evolved considerably over several decades leading to variability in rendered care. Over 100,000 thyroid operations are performed annually in the US. METHODS The medical literature from 1/1/1985 to 11/9/2018 was reviewed by a panel of 19 experts in thyroid disorders representing multiple disciplines. The authors used the best available evidence to construct surgical management recommendations. Levels of evidence were determined using the American College of Physicians grading system, and management recommendations were discussed to consensus. Members of the American Association of Endocrine Surgeons reviewed and commented on preliminary drafts of the content. RESULTS These clinical guidelines analyze the indications for thyroidectomy as well as its definitions, technique, morbidity, and outcomes. Specific topics include Pathogenesis and Epidemiology, Initial Evaluation, Imaging, Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy Diagnosis, Molecular Testing, Indications, Extent and Outcomes of Surgery, Preoperative Care, Initial Thyroidectomy, Perioperative Tissue Diagnosis, Nodal Dissection, Concurrent Parathyroidectomy, Hyperthyroid Conditions, Goiter, Adjuncts and Approaches to Thyroidectomy, Laryngology, Familial Thyroid Cancer, Postoperative Care and Complications, Cancer Management, and Reoperation. CONCLUSIONS Evidence-based guidelines were created to assist clinicians in the optimal surgical management of thyroid disease.
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20
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Sarquis M, Moraes DC, Bastos-Rodrigues L, Azevedo PG, Ramos AV, Reis FV, Dande PV, Paim I, Friedman E, De Marco L. Germline Mutations in Familial Papillary Thyroid Cancer. Endocr Pathol 2020; 31:14-20. [PMID: 32034658 DOI: 10.1007/s12022-020-09607-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer, predominantly of papillary histology (PTC), is a common cancer mostly diagnosed sporadically. Hereditary PTC is encountered in ~ 5% of cases and may present at an earlier age, with greater risks of metastasis and recurrence, compared with sporadic cases. The molecular basis of hereditary PTC is unknown in most cases. In this study, the genetic basis of hereditary PTC in three Brazilian families was investigated. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was carried out for probands in each family, and validated, pathogenic/likely pathogenic sequence variants (P/LPSVs) were genotyped in additional family members to establish their putative pathogenic role. Overall, seven P/LPSVs in seven novel genes were detected: p.D283N*ANXA3, p.Y157S*NTN4, p.G172W*SERPINA1, p.G188S*FKBP10, p.R937C*PLEKHG5, p.L32Q*P2RX5, and p.Q76*SAPCD1. These results indicate that these novel genes are seemingly associated with hereditary PTC, but extension and validation in other PTC families are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sarquis
- Department of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Debora C Moraes
- Department of Surgery, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luciana Bastos-Rodrigues
- Department of Nutrition, Faculdade de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Pedro G Azevedo
- Department of Surgery, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Fabiana Versiani Reis
- Department of Surgery, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Paula V Dande
- Department of Surgery, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Isabela Paim
- Department of Surgery, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Eitan Friedman
- The Suzanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Luiz De Marco
- Department of Surgery, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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He H, Li W, Comiskey DF, Liyanarachchi S, Nieminen TT, Wang Y, DeLap KE, Brock P, de la Chapelle A. A Truncating Germline Mutation of TINF2 in Individuals with Thyroid Cancer or Melanoma Results in Longer Telomeres. Thyroid 2020; 30:204-213. [PMID: 31928178 PMCID: PMC7047085 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2019.0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background: Our genome sequencing analysis revealed a frameshift mutation in the shelterin gene TINF2 in a large family with individuals affected with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and melanoma. Here, we further characterized the mutation and screened for coding variants in the 6 shelterin genes in 24 families. Methods: Sanger sequencing was performed to screen for the TINF2 mutation in the key family. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for TINF2 gene expression analysis. Exogenous expression and co-immunoprecipitation techniques were used for assessing TINF2 binding to TERF1. Relative telomere length (RTL) was quantified in DNAs from lymphocytes by using quantitative real-time PCR. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed in seven families with individuals affected with PTC and other cancer types. Screening for DNA variants in shelterin genes was performed by using whole genome sequencing data from 17 families and WES data from 7 further families. Results: The TINF2 mutation (TINF2 p.Trp198fs) showed complete co-segregation with PTC and melanoma in the key family. The mutation is not reported in databases and not identified in 23 other families we screened. The expression of TINF2 was borderline reduced in individuals with the mutation. The truncated TINF2 protein showed abolished binding to TERF1. The RTL in the individuals with the mutation was significantly longer when compared with those without the mutation from the same family as well as compared with 62 healthy controls. Among the 24 families, we identified 3 missense and 1 synonymous variant(s) in 2 shelterin genes (TINF2 and ACD). Conclusions: The rare frameshift mutation in the TINF2 gene and the associated longer telomere length suggest that dysregulated telomeres could be a mechanism predisposing to PTC and melanoma. DNA coding variants in shelterin genes are rare. Further studies are required to evaluate the roles of variants in shelterin genes in thyroid cancer and melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling He
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Address correspondence to: Huiling He, MD, Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 895 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Wei Li
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Daniel F. Comiskey
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Sandya Liyanarachchi
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Taina T. Nieminen
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Yanqiang Wang
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Katherine E. DeLap
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Pamela Brock
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Albert de la Chapelle
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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Diquigiovanni C, Bergamini C, Evangelisti C, Isidori F, Vettori A, Tiso N, Argenton F, Costanzini A, Iommarini L, Anbunathan H, Pagotto U, Repaci A, Babbi G, Casadio R, Lenaz G, Rhoden KJ, Porcelli AM, Fato R, Bowcock A, Seri M, Romeo G, Bonora E. Mutant MYO1F alters the mitochondrial network and induces tumor proliferation in thyroid cancer. Int J Cancer 2018; 143:1706-1719. [PMID: 29672841 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Familial aggregation is a significant risk factor for the development of thyroid cancer and familial non-medullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC) accounts for 5-7% of all NMTC. Whole exome sequencing analysis in the family affected by FNMTC with oncocytic features where our group previously identified a predisposing locus on chromosome 19p13.2, revealed a novel heterozygous mutation (c.400G > A, NM_012335; p.Gly134Ser) in exon 5 of MYO1F, mapping to the linkage locus. In the thyroid FRTL-5 cell model stably expressing the mutant MYO1F p.Gly134Ser protein, we observed an altered mitochondrial network, with increased mitochondrial mass and a significant increase in both intracellular and extracellular reactive oxygen species, compared to cells expressing the wild-type (wt) protein or carrying the empty vector. The mutation conferred a significant advantage in colony formation, invasion and anchorage-independent growth. These data were corroborated by in vivo studies in zebrafish, since we demonstrated that the mutant MYO1F p.Gly134Ser, when overexpressed, can induce proliferation in whole vertebrate embryos, compared to the wt one. MYO1F screening in additional 192 FNMTC families identified another variant in exon 7, which leads to exon skipping, and is predicted to alter the ATP-binding domain in MYO1F. Our study identified for the first time a role for MYO1F in NMTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Diquigiovanni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, DIMEC, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, FABIT, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cecilia Evangelisti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Isidori
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, DIMEC, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Vettori
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Natascia Tiso
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Anna Costanzini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, DIMEC, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, FABIT, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luisa Iommarini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, FABIT, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Hima Anbunathan
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Uberto Pagotto
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, DIMEC, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Repaci
- Endocrinology Unit, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Babbi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, FABIT, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rita Casadio
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, FABIT, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgio Lenaz
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Kerry J Rhoden
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, DIMEC, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Porcelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, FABIT, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, FABIT, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anne Bowcock
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Seri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, DIMEC, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Romeo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, DIMEC, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Bonora
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, DIMEC, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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23
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Liu C, Yu Y, Yin G, Zhang J, Wen W, Ruan X, Li D, Zhang S, Cai W, Gao M, Chen L. C14orf93 ( RTFC ) is identified as a novel susceptibility gene for familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 482:590-596. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.11.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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24
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Peiling Yang S, Ngeow J. Familial non-medullary thyroid cancer: unraveling the genetic maze. Endocr Relat Cancer 2016; 23:R577-R595. [PMID: 27807061 DOI: 10.1530/erc-16-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Familial non-medullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC) constitutes 3-9% of all thyroid cancers. Out of all FNMTC cases, only 5% in the syndromic form has well-studied driver germline mutations. These associated syndromes include Cowden syndrome, familial adenomatous polyposis, Gardner syndrome, Carney complex type 1, Werner syndrome and DICER1 syndrome. It is important for the clinician to recognize these phenotypes so that genetic counseling and testing can be initiated to enable surveillance for associated malignancies and genetic testing of family members. The susceptibility chromosomal loci and genes of 95% of FNMTC cases remain to be characterized. To date, 4 susceptibility genes have been identified (SRGAP1 gene (12q14), TITF-1/NKX2.1 gene (14q13), FOXE1 gene (9q22.33) and HABP2 gene (10q25.3)), out of which only the FOXE1 and the HABP2 genes have been validated by separate study groups. The causal genes located at the other 7 FNMTC-associated chromosomal loci (TCO (19q13.2), fPTC/ PRN (1q21), FTEN (8p23.1-p22), NMTC1 (2q21), MNG1 (14q32), 6q22, 8q24) have yet to be identified. Increasingly, gene regulatory mechanisms (miRNA and enhancer elements) are recognized to affect gene expression and FNMTC tumorigenesis. With newer sequencing technique, along with functional studies, there has been progress in the understanding of the genetic basis of FNMTC. In our review, we summarize the FNMTC studies to date and provide an update on the recently reported susceptibility genes including novel germline SEC23B variant in Cowden syndrome, SRGAP1 gene, FOXE1 gene and HABP2 genes in non-syndromic FNMTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Peiling Yang
- Endocrinology DivisionDepartment of Medicine, National University Hospital of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joanne Ngeow
- Cancer Genetics ServiceDivision of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Oncology Academic Clinical ProgramDuke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
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25
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Ren Y, Lence-Anta JJ, Pereda CM, Chappe M, Velasco M, Infante I, Bustillo M, Turcios S, Leufroy A, Guérin T, Noël L, Lesueur F, Maillard S, Cléro E, Xhaard C, Allodji RS, Rubino C, Rodriguez R, Ortiz RM, de Vathaire F. FOXE1 Polymorphism Interacts with Dietary Iodine Intake in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Risk in the Cuban Population. Thyroid 2016; 26:1752-1760. [PMID: 27610545 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2015.0594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is low in Cuba, and the contribution of dietary factors to DTC in this population has not been investigated so far. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between dietary iodine intake and DTC with regard to the interaction with environmental factors or some common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), based on a case-control study carried out in Cuba. METHODS A total of 203 cases and 212 controls from the general population were interviewed face-to-face using the dietary intake questionnaire and the photo booklet from the E3N cohort. A specific food composition table was constructed for this study. For each parameter studied, the odds ratio (OR) was stratified on age group and sex, and further adjusted for dietary energy, smoking status, ethnic group, level of education, number of pregnancies, and body surface area. RESULTS The risk of DTC was significantly reduced with increasing consumption of fish (p = 0.04), but no association between total dietary iodine intake and DTC risk was evident (p = 0.7). This lack of significant association was true whatever the age, the smoking status, the dietary selenium intake, and the ethnicity (p > 0.05). DTC risk was positively and strongly associated with the number of copies in the minor allele (A) for SNP rs965513 near FOXE1 among people who consumed less iodine than the median (p = 0.005). CONCLUSION Overall, the majority of the studied population had an optimal dietary iodine intake. DTC risk was inversely associated with high fish consumption. Furthermore, DTC risk was positively associated with the number of copies in the minor allele (A) of rs965513 among people who consumed less iodine than the median. Because these findings are based on post-diagnostic measures, studies with pre-diagnostic dietary iodine are needed for confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ren
- 1 Cancer and Radiations, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP) - U1018, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Villejuif, France
- 2 Department of Research, Gustave Roussy Institute , Villejuif, France
- 3 Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris XI , Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Juan J Lence-Anta
- 4 Department of Clinical Research, Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology , Havana, Cuba
| | - Celia M Pereda
- 4 Department of Clinical Research, Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology , Havana, Cuba
| | - Mae Chappe
- 4 Department of Clinical Research, Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology , Havana, Cuba
| | - Milagros Velasco
- 4 Department of Clinical Research, Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology , Havana, Cuba
| | - Idalmis Infante
- 4 Department of Clinical Research, Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology , Havana, Cuba
| | - Marlene Bustillo
- 4 Department of Clinical Research, Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology , Havana, Cuba
| | - Silvia Turcios
- 5 Medical Care, National Institute of Endocrinology , Havana, Cuba
| | - Axelle Leufroy
- 6 Laboratory for Food Safety, Department of Chemical Contaminants in Food, Metallic Trace Elements and Minerals Unit, University of Paris-Est , Anses, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Thierry Guérin
- 6 Laboratory for Food Safety, Department of Chemical Contaminants in Food, Metallic Trace Elements and Minerals Unit, University of Paris-Est , Anses, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Laurent Noël
- 7 The French Directorate General for Food, Ministry of Agriculture , Agro-16 Food and Forestry, Paris, France
| | - Fabienne Lesueur
- 8 Institut Curie, Mines ParisTech, U900, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Maillard
- 1 Cancer and Radiations, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP) - U1018, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Villejuif, France
- 2 Department of Research, Gustave Roussy Institute , Villejuif, France
- 3 Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris XI , Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Enora Cléro
- 1 Cancer and Radiations, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP) - U1018, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Villejuif, France
- 2 Department of Research, Gustave Roussy Institute , Villejuif, France
- 3 Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris XI , Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Constance Xhaard
- 1 Cancer and Radiations, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP) - U1018, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Villejuif, France
- 2 Department of Research, Gustave Roussy Institute , Villejuif, France
- 3 Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris XI , Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Rodrigue S Allodji
- 1 Cancer and Radiations, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP) - U1018, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Villejuif, France
- 2 Department of Research, Gustave Roussy Institute , Villejuif, France
- 3 Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris XI , Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Carole Rubino
- 1 Cancer and Radiations, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP) - U1018, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Villejuif, France
- 2 Department of Research, Gustave Roussy Institute , Villejuif, France
- 3 Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris XI , Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Regla Rodriguez
- 9 Department of Foreign Affairs, Public Health Ministry, Havana, Cuba
| | - Rosa M Ortiz
- 4 Department of Clinical Research, Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology , Havana, Cuba
| | - Florent de Vathaire
- 1 Cancer and Radiations, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP) - U1018, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Villejuif, France
- 2 Department of Research, Gustave Roussy Institute , Villejuif, France
- 3 Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris XI , Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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26
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Nixon IJ, Suárez C, Simo R, Sanabria A, Angelos P, Rinaldo A, Rodrigo JP, Kowalski LP, Hartl DM, Hinni ML, Shah JP, Ferlito A. The impact of family history on non-medullary thyroid cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 2016; 42:1455-63. [PMID: 27561845 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Around 10% of patients with non-medullary thyroid cancer (NMTC) will have a positive family history for the disease. Although many will be sporadic, families where 3 first-degree relatives are affected can be considered to represent true familial non-medullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC). The genetic basis, impact on clinical and pathological features, and overall effect on prognosis are poorly understood. METHODS A literature review identified articles which report on genetic, clinical, therapeutic and screening aspects of FNMTC. The results are presented to allow an understanding of the genetic basis and the impact on clinical-pathological features and prognosis in order to inform clinical decision making. RESULTS The genetic basis of FNMTC is unknown. Despite this, significant progress has been made in identifying potential susceptibility genes. The lack of a test for FNMTC has led to a clinical definition requiring a minimum of 3 first-degree relatives to be diagnosed with NMTC. Although some have shown an association with multi-centric disease, younger age and increased rates of extra-thyroidal extension and nodal metastases, these findings are not supported by all. The impact of FNMTC is unclear with all groups reporting good outcome, and some finding an association with more aggressive disease. The role of screening remains controversial. CONCLUSION FNMTC is rare but can be diagnosed clinically. Its impact on prognostic factors and the subsequent role in influencing management is debated. For those patients who present with otherwise low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer, FNMTC should be included in risk assessment when discussing therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- I J Nixon
- Department of ENT/Head and Neck Surgery, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh University, UK; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh University, UK.
| | - C Suárez
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain; Fundación de Investigación e Innovación Biosanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - R Simo
- Head and Neck Cancer Unit, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - A Sanabria
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Fundación Colombiana de Cancerología - Clínica Vida, Medellin, Colombia
| | - P Angelos
- Department of Surgery and Surgical Ethics, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - A Rinaldo
- University of Udine School of Medicine, Udine, Italy
| | - J P Rodrigo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - L P Kowalski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - D M Hartl
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif Cedex, France; Laboratoire de Phonétique et de Phonologie, Sorbonne Nouvelle, Paris, France
| | - M L Hinni
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - J P Shah
- Head and Neck Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Ferlito
- Department of Surgical Sciences, ENT Clinic, University of Udine School of Medicine, Udine; International Head and Neck Scientific Group, Italy
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Cao J, Chen C, Chen C, Wang QL, Ge MH. Clinicopathological features and prognosis of familial papillary thyroid carcinoma--a large-scale, matched, case-control study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2016; 84:598-606. [PMID: 26191611 DOI: 10.1111/cen.12859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It remains controversial whether or not the aggressiveness of familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC) differs from sporadic carcinoma. The aim of this study was to determine the clinicopathological features and prognosis of FNMTC. DESIGN A matched-case comparative study. METHODS Three hundred and seventy-two patients with familial papillary thyroid carcinoma (FPTC) were enrolled as the study group, and another 372 patients with sporadic PTC were enrolled as controls and matched for gender, age, tumour/node/metastasis (TNM) staging and approximate duration of follow-up. We compared the differences in the clinicopathological features and prognosis between the subgroups. RESULTS Compared with sporadic PTC, patients with FPTC were more likely to present tumour multicentricity, bilateral growth and a concomitant nodular goitre (P < 0·05). In papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC), a higher recurrence rate was noted in patients with a family history of PTC, and this remained independently predictive on multivariate analysis. The patients with FPTC in the second generation showed an earlier age of onset, more frequent Hashimoto's thyroiditis and a higher recurrence rate than the first generation, while the first-generation offspring of patients had a higher incidence of nodular goitre than the second generation. CONCLUSIONS The presence of familial history in PTC indicates an increase in biological aggressiveness, and patients in the second generation may exhibit the 'genetic anticipation' phenomenon. At present, the available data are not sufficient to support a more aggressive approach for FPTC. However, a family history of PTC is an independent risk factor for recurrence in patients with PTMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cao
- The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Province Cancer Hospital, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Can Chen
- The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Province Cancer Hospital, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Liang Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Province Cancer Hospital, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Hua Ge
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Province Cancer Hospital, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, China
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28
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Ríos A, Rodríguez JM, Navas D, Cepero A, Torregrosa NM, Balsalobre MD, Parrilla P. Family Screening in Familial Papillary Carcinoma: The Early Detection of Thyroid Disease. Ann Surg Oncol 2016; 23:2564-70. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-016-5149-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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29
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Familial non-medullary thyroid cancer: an update on the genetic and pathologic features. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mpdhp.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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30
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Abstract
Thyroid cancers are largely divided into medullary (MTC) and non-medullary (NMTC) cancers , depending on the cell type of origin. Familial non-medullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC) comprises about 5-15% of NMTC and is a heterogeneous group of diseases, including both non-syndromic and syndromic forms. Non-syndromic FNMTC tends to manifest papillary thyroid carcinoma , usually multifocal and bilateral . Several high-penetrance genes for FNMTC have been identified, but they are often confined to a few or single families, and other susceptibility loci appear to play a small part, conferring only small increments in risk. Familial susceptibility is likely to be due to a combination of genetic and environmental influences. The current focus of research in FNMTC is to characterise the susceptibility genes and their role in carcinogenesis. FNMTC can also occur as a part of multitumour genetic syndromes such as familial adenomatous polyposis , Cowden's disease , Werner's syndrome and Carney complex . These tend to present at an early age and are multicentric and bilateral with distinct pathology. The clinical evaluation of these patients is similar to that for most patients with a thyroid nodule. Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) arises from the parafollicular cells of the thyroid which release calcitonin. The familial form of MTC accounts for 20-25% of cases and presents as a part of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN 2) syndromes or as a pure familial MTC (FMTC). They are caused by germline point mutations in the RET oncogene on chromosome 10q11.2. There is a clear genotype-phenotype correlation, and the aggressiveness of FMTC depends on the specific genetic mutation, which should determine the timing of surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gul Bano
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Thomas Addison Unit, St George's Healthcare NHS Trust, Blackshaw Road, Tooting, London, UK.
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31
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FAP Associated Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Peculiar Subtype of Familial Nonmedullary Thyroid Cancer. PATHOLOGY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:309348. [PMID: 26697262 PMCID: PMC4678079 DOI: 10.1155/2015/309348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Familial Nonmedullary Thyroid Carcinoma (FNMTC) makes up to 5–10% of all thyroid cancers, also including those FNMTC occurring as a minor component of familial cancer syndromes, such as Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP). We give evidence that this extracolonic manifestation of FAP is determined by the same germline mutation of the APC gene responsible for colonic polyps and cancer but also shows some unusual features (F : M ratio = 80 : 1, absence of LOH for APC in the thyroid tumoral tissue, and indolent biological behaviour, despite frequent multicentricity and lymph nodal involvement), suggesting that the APC gene confers only a generic susceptibility to thyroid cancer, but perhaps other factors, namely, modifier genes, sex-related factors, or environmental factors, are also required for its phenotypic expression. This great variability is against the possibility of classifying all FNMTC as a single entity, not only with a unique or prevalent causative genetic factor, but also with a unique or common biological behavior and a commonly dismal prognosis. A new paradigm is also suggested that could be useful (1) for a proper classification of FAP associated PTC within the larger group of FNMTC and (2) for making inferences to sporadic carcinogenesis, based on the lesson from FAP.
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Tomsic J, He H, Akagi K, Liyanarachchi S, Pan Q, Bertani B, Nagy R, Symer DE, Blencowe BJ, de la Chapelle A. A germline mutation in SRRM2, a splicing factor gene, is implicated in papillary thyroid carcinoma predisposition. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10566. [PMID: 26135620 PMCID: PMC4488885 DOI: 10.1038/srep10566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) displays strong but so far largely uncharacterized heritability. Here we studied genetic predisposition in a family with six affected individuals. We genotyped all available family members and conducted whole exome sequencing of blood DNA from two affected individuals. Haplotype analysis and other genetic criteria narrowed our list of candidates to a germline variant in the serine/arginine repetitive matrix 2 gene (SRRM2). This heterozygous variant, c.1037C > T (Ser346Phe or S346F; rs149019598) cosegregated with PTC in the family. It was not found in 138 other PTC families. It was found in 7/1,170 sporadic PTC cases and in 0/1,404 controls (p = 0.004). The encoded protein SRRM2 (also called SRm300) is part of the RNA splicing machinery. To evaluate the possibility that the S346F missense mutation affects alternative splicing, we compared RNA-Seq data in leukocytes from three mutation carriers and three controls. Significant differences in alternative splicing were identified for 1,642 exons, of which a subset of 7 exons was verified experimentally. The results confirmed a higher ratio of inclusion of exons in mutation carriers. These data suggest that the S346F mutation in SRRM2 predisposes to PTC by affecting alternative splicing of unidentified downstream target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerneja Tomsic
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Huiling He
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Keiko Akagi
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sandya Liyanarachchi
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Qun Pan
- Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Blake Bertani
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Rebecca Nagy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - David E Symer
- 1] Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America [2] Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America [3] Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Benjamin J Blencowe
- 1] Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada [2] Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Albert de la Chapelle
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
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Wang X, Cheng W, Li J, Su A, Wei T, Liu F, Zhu J. Endocrine tumours: familial nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma is a more aggressive disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Endocrinol 2015; 172:R253-62. [PMID: 25637073 DOI: 10.1530/eje-14-0960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is controversy as to whether familial nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma (FNMTC) is more aggressive than sporadic NMTC (SNMTC). The aim of the study was to evaluate the biological characteristics of patients with FNMTC by a meta-analysis. METHODS Four databases (PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane library databases, and the Web of Science) were searched to identify studies published before September, 2014. All original studies that compared clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with FNMTC and SNMTC were included. The pooled effect sizes of interesting parameters were calculated by odds ratio (OR), standard mean difference (SMD), or hazard ratio (HR). RESULTS Twelve studies with a total of 12 741 participants were included in this analysis. FNMTC patients had an increased rate of recurrence (OR=1.72, 95% CI: 1.34 to 2.20) and decreased disease-free survival (DFS) (HR=1.83, 95% CI: 1.34 to 2.52) in comparison with SNMTC patients. FNMTC possessed more aggressive biological behaviors, characterized by younger age at diagnosis (SMD=-0.91, 95% CI: -1.59 to -0.22), higher risk of multifocal (OR=1.50, 95% CI: 1.32 to 1.71), bilateral (OR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.66), extrathyroidal invasion (OR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.41), and lymph node metastasis (OR=1.18, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.38). CONCLUSION FNMTC is a more aggressive disease and possesses higher recurrence rate and lower DFS. More attention and careful consideration should be paid regarding the decision about treatment for patients with FNMTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast SurgeryWest China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chendu 610041, ChinaDepartments of General SurgeryOtolaryngology-Head and Neck SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China Department of Thyroid and Breast SurgeryWest China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chendu 610041, ChinaDepartments of General SurgeryOtolaryngology-Head and Neck SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Wenli Cheng
- Department of Thyroid and Breast SurgeryWest China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chendu 610041, ChinaDepartments of General SurgeryOtolaryngology-Head and Neck SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Jingdong Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast SurgeryWest China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chendu 610041, ChinaDepartments of General SurgeryOtolaryngology-Head and Neck SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Anping Su
- Department of Thyroid and Breast SurgeryWest China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chendu 610041, ChinaDepartments of General SurgeryOtolaryngology-Head and Neck SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Tao Wei
- Department of Thyroid and Breast SurgeryWest China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chendu 610041, ChinaDepartments of General SurgeryOtolaryngology-Head and Neck SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast SurgeryWest China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chendu 610041, ChinaDepartments of General SurgeryOtolaryngology-Head and Neck SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Jingqiang Zhu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast SurgeryWest China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chendu 610041, ChinaDepartments of General SurgeryOtolaryngology-Head and Neck SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
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Pereira JS, da Silva JG, Tomaz RA, Pinto AE, Bugalho MJ, Leite V, Cavaco BM. Identification of a novel germline FOXE1 variant in patients with familial non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (FNMTC). Endocrine 2015; 49:204-14. [PMID: 25381600 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-014-0470-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The familial forms of non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (FNMTC) represent approximately 5 % of thyroid neoplasms. Nine FNMTC susceptibility loci have been mapped; however, only the DICER1 and SRGAP1 susceptibility genes have been identified. The transcription factors NKX2-1, FOXE1, PAX8, and HHEX are involved in the morphogenesis and differentiation of the thyroid. Recent studies have identified NKX2-1 germline mutations in FNMTC families. However, the role of high-penetrant FOXE1 variants in FNMTC etiology remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of FOXE1 germline mutations in the pathogenesis of FNMTC. We searched for molecular changes in the FOXE1 gene in the probands from 60 Portuguese families with FNMTC. In this series, we identified nine polymorphisms and one variant (c.743C>G, p.A248G) which was not previously described. This variant, which involved an amino acid residue conserved in evolution, segregated with disease in one family, and was also detected in an apparently unrelated case of sporadic NMTC. Functional studies were performed using rat normal thyroid cells (PCCL3) clones and human papillary thyroid carcinoma cell line (TPC-1) pools, expressing the wild type and mutant (p.A248G) forms of FOXE1. In these experiments, we observed that the p.A248G variant promoted cell proliferation and migration, suggesting that it may be involved in thyroid tumorigenesis. Additionally, somatic p.V600E BRAF mutations were also detected in the thyroid tumors of two members of the family carrying the p.A248G variant. This study represents the first evidence of involvement of a germline FOXE1 rare variant in FNMTC etiology and suggests that mutations in MAPK pathway-related genes may contribute to tumor development in these familial cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana S Pereira
- Unidade de Investigacão em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Rua Prof. Lima Basto, 1099-023, Lisboa, Portugal
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Mancikova V, Cruz R, Inglada-Pérez L, Fernández-Rozadilla C, Landa I, Cameselle-Teijeiro J, Celeiro C, Pastor S, Velázquez A, Marcos R, Andía V, Álvarez-Escolá C, Meoro A, Schiavi F, Opocher G, Quintela I, Ansede-Bermejo J, Ruiz-Ponte C, Santisteban P, Robledo M, Carracedo A. Thyroid cancer GWAS identifies 10q26.12 and 6q14.1 as novel susceptibility loci and reveals genetic heterogeneity among populations. Int J Cancer 2015; 137:1870-8. [PMID: 25855579 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most heritable cancer of all those not displaying typical Mendelian inheritance. However, most of the genetic factors that would explain the high heritability remain unknown. Our aim was to identify additional common genetic variants associated with susceptibility to this disease. In order to do so, we performed a genome-wide association study in a series of 398 cases and 502 controls from Spain, followed by a replication in four well-defined Southern European case-control collections contributing a total of 1,422 cases and 1,908 controls. The association between the variation at the 9q22 locus near FOXE1 and thyroid cancer risk was consistent across all series, with several SNPs identified (rs7028661: OR = 1.64, p = 1.0 × 10(-22) , rs7037324: OR = 1.54, p = 1.2 × 10(-17) ). Moreover, the rare alleles of three SNPs (rs2997312, rs10788123 and rs1254167) at 10q26.12 showed suggestive evidence of association with higher risk of the disease (OR = 1.35, p = 1.2 × 10(-04) , OR = 1.26, p = 5.2 × 10(-04) and OR = 1.38, p = 5.9 × 10(-05) , respectively). Finally, the rare allele of rs4075570 at 6q14.1 conferred protection in the series studied (OR = 0.82, p = 2.0 × 10(-04) ). This study suggests that heterogeneity in genetic susceptibility between populations is a key feature to take into account when exploring genetic risk factors related to this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raquel Cruz
- Genomic Medicine Group, IDIS, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine-SERGAS, Santiago De Compostela, Spain.,ISCIII Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía Inglada-Pérez
- CNIO, Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Madrid, Spain.,ISCIII Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ceres Fernández-Rozadilla
- Genomic Medicine Group, IDIS, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine-SERGAS, Santiago De Compostela, Spain.,Molecular and Population Genetics, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Iñigo Landa
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - José Cameselle-Teijeiro
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Clinical University Hospital (SERGAS), University of Santiago De Compostela, Spain
| | - Catuxa Celeiro
- Genomic Medicine Group, IDIS, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine-SERGAS, Santiago De Compostela, Spain.,Department of Anatomic Pathology, Clinical University Hospital (SERGAS), University of Santiago De Compostela, Spain
| | - Susana Pastor
- Departament De Genètica I De Microbiologia, Grup De Mutagènesi, Unitat De Genètica, Facultat De Biociències, Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,ISCIII, CIBER Epidemiologia Y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonia Velázquez
- Departament De Genètica I De Microbiologia, Grup De Mutagènesi, Unitat De Genètica, Facultat De Biociències, Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,ISCIII, CIBER Epidemiologia Y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Departament De Genètica I De Microbiologia, Grup De Mutagènesi, Unitat De Genètica, Facultat De Biociències, Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,ISCIII, CIBER Epidemiologia Y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Giuseppe Opocher
- Veneto Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Padova, Italy.,Department of Medicine, DIMED, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Inés Quintela
- Spanish National Genotyping Center-University of Santiago De Compostela, Prb2-Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Ansede-Bermejo
- Spanish National Genotyping Center-University of Santiago De Compostela, Prb2-Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Ruiz-Ponte
- Genomic Medicine Group, IDIS, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine-SERGAS, Santiago De Compostela, Spain.,ISCIII Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Santisteban
- Instituto De Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols,", Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Robledo
- CNIO, Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Madrid, Spain.,ISCIII Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Carracedo
- Genomic Medicine Group, IDIS, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine-SERGAS, Santiago De Compostela, Spain.,ISCIII Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.,Spanish National Genotyping Center-University of Santiago De Compostela, Prb2-Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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Zheng J, Li C, Wang C, Ai Z. Common genetic variant on 14q13.3 contributes to thyroid cancer susceptibility: evidence based on 12 studies. Mol Genet Genomics 2015; 290:1125-33. [DOI: 10.1007/s00438-014-0981-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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37
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Navas-Carrillo D, Ríos A, Rodríguez JM, Parrilla P, Orenes-Piñero E. Familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer: Screening, clinical, molecular and genetic findings. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2014; 1846:468-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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38
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Genetic predisposition for nonmedullary thyroid cancer. Discov Oncol 2014; 6:13-20. [PMID: 25338077 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-014-0205-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonmedullary thyroid cancer (NMTC) can be sporadic or can occur as a component cancer as part of several well-described hereditary cancer syndromes. NMTC, particularly papillary thyroid cancer, also can occur by itself in families and is often termed familial NMTC or familial papillary thyroid cancer. The occurrence of NMTC in families, along with extensive population-based evidence from patients with sporadic thyroid cancer, together suggest that NMTC has a strong genetic component, only a small proportion of which has been characterized to date. Advances in genetic and genomic technology have rapidly advanced our understanding of the complex nature of NMTC susceptibility, although much remains to be explained. Herein, we describe the current state of knowledge, starting with a brief review of hereditary syndromic causes and moving on to describe recent data using modern genomic approaches to identifying genes involved in the predisposition to NMTC.
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Pinto AE, Silva GL, Henrique R, Menezes FD, Teixeira MR, Leite V, Cavaco BM. Familial vs sporadic papillary thyroid carcinoma: a matched-case comparative study showing similar clinical/prognostic behaviour. Eur J Endocrinol 2014; 170:321-7. [PMID: 24272198 DOI: 10.1530/eje-13-0865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Familial non-medullary thyroid cancer has been proposed as an aggressive clinical entity. Our aim in this study is to investigate potential distinguishing features as well as the biological and clinical aggressiveness of familial vs sporadic papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). We assessed clinicopathological characteristics, outcome measures and DNA ploidy. DESIGN A matched-case comparative study. METHODS A series of patients with familial PTC (n=107) and two subgroups, one with three or more affected elements (n=32) and another including index cases only (n=61), were compared with patients with sporadic PTC (n=107), matched by age, gender, pTNM disease extension and approximate follow-up duration. Histological variant, extrathyroidal extension, vascular invasion, tumour multifocality and bilateral growth were evaluated. Ploidy pattern was analysed in available samples by DNA flow cytometry. The probabilities of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated according to the Kaplan-Meier (K-M) method. RESULTS No patient with familial PTC died of disease during follow-up (median, 72 months), contrarily to five patients (4.7%) (P=0.06) with sporadic PTC (median, 90 months). There was a significantly higher tumour multifocality in familial PTC (index cases subgroup) vs sporadic PTC (P=0.035), and a trend, in the familial PTC cohort with three or more affected elements, to show extrathyroidal extension (P=0.054) more frequently. No difference was observed in DNA ploidy status. The K-M analyses showed no significant differences between both entities in relation to DFS or OS. CONCLUSION Apart from multifocality, familial PTC appears to have similar clinical/prognostic behaviour when compared with sporadic forms of the disease.
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40
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Clark OH. Controversies in familial thyroid cancer 2014. ULUSAL CERRAHI DERGISI 2014; 30:62-6. [PMID: 25931896 DOI: 10.5152/ucd.2014.125092014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the sixth most common cancer in women, and the majority of patients with thyroid cancer has sporadic disease. However, about 25% of patients with medullary thyroid cancer and 5% with papillary thyroid cancer have familial tumors. Currently, there are numerous controversies regarding the mode of inheritance, tumor behavior, extent of surgical resection for optimal results, coexisting thyroid pathology, risk of other cancers, and extent of postoperative treatment of patients with familial thyroid cancer. This review aimed to give insight to surgeons on this interesting topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orlo H Clark
- Professor Emeritus of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, San Francisco, USA
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41
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Liyanarachchi S, Wojcicka A, Li W, Czetwertynska M, Stachlewska E, Nagy R, Hoag K, Wen B, Ploski R, Ringel MD, Kozłowicz-Gudzinska I, Gierlikowski W, Jazdzewski K, He H, de la Chapelle A. Cumulative risk impact of five genetic variants associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid 2013; 23:1532-40. [PMID: 23659773 PMCID: PMC3868253 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2013.0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) identified five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs965513, rs944289, rs966423, rs2439302, and rs116909374) associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Each variant showed highly significant but moderate to low disease risk. Here we assessed the cumulative risk and predictive value of the five SNPs. METHODS We genotyped two cohorts of individuals, 747 PTC cases and 1047 controls from Ohio and 1795 PTC cases and 2090 controls from Poland. Cumulative genetic risk scores were calculated using unweighted and weighted approaches. RESULTS All five SNPs showed significant association with PTC. The average cumulative risk score in cases was significantly higher than in controls (p<2.2×10(-16)). Each additional risk allele increased the risk of having PTC by 1.51 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4, 1.64] in Ohio and by 1.35 [95% CI 1.27, 1.44] in Poland. An analysis was performed weighing risk alleles by effect size and assigning individuals to three weighted risk score groups, low (≤2), medium (2-5), and high (>5). Individuals in the high group were significantly more susceptible to PTC compared with individuals in the low group with an odds ratio of 8.7 [95% CI 5.8, 13.3] in Ohio and 4.24 [95% CI 3.10, 5.84] in Poland. Almost identical results were obtained when follicular variant PTCs and microPTCs were omitted. These five SNPs explained 11% of the familial risk of thyroid cancer in the Ohio cohort and 6% in the Polish cohort. CONCLUSION As the genetic risk score increases, the risk of having PTC increases. However, the predictive power of the cumulative effect of these five variants is only moderately high and clinical use may not be feasible until more variants are detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandya Liyanarachchi
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Anna Wojcicka
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Genomic Medicine, Department of General, Transplant, and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wei Li
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Malgorzata Czetwertynska
- Genomic Medicine, Department of General, Transplant, and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & Endocrine Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Stachlewska
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rebecca Nagy
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Kevin Hoag
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Bernard Wen
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Rafal Ploski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Matthew D. Ringel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Izabella Kozłowicz-Gudzinska
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & Endocrine Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Gierlikowski
- Genomic Medicine, Department of General, Transplant, and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krystian Jazdzewski
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Genomic Medicine, Department of General, Transplant, and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Huiling He
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Albert de la Chapelle
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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Bonora E, Rizzato C, Diquigiovanni C, Oudot-Mellakh T, Campa D, Vargiolu M, Guedj M, McKay JD, Romeo G, Canzian F, Lesueur F. TheFOXE1locus is a major genetic determinant for familial nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2013; 134:2098-107. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Bonora
- Unit of Medical Genetics Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Cosmeri Rizzato
- Genomic Epidemiology Group; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
| | - Chiara Diquigiovanni
- Unit of Medical Genetics Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | | | - Daniele Campa
- Genomic Epidemiology Group; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
| | - Manuela Vargiolu
- Health Sciences and Technologies Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | | | - James D. McKay
- Genetic Cancer Susceptibility, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon; France
| | - Giovanni Romeo
- Unit of Medical Genetics Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Federico Canzian
- Genomic Epidemiology Group; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
| | - Fabienne Lesueur
- Genetic Cancer Susceptibility, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon; France
- INSERM, U900, Institut Curie, Mines ParisTech, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris cedex 05; France
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He H, Li W, Wu D, Nagy R, Liyanarachchi S, Akagi K, Jendrzejewski J, Jiao H, Hoag K, Wen B, Srinivas M, Waidyaratne G, Wang R, Wojcicka A, Lattimer IR, Stachlewska E, Czetwertynska M, Dlugosinska J, Gierlikowski W, Ploski R, Krawczyk M, Jazdzewski K, Kere J, Symer DE, Jin V, Wang Q, de la Chapelle A. Ultra-rare mutation in long-range enhancer predisposes to thyroid carcinoma with high penetrance. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61920. [PMID: 23690926 PMCID: PMC3653903 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer shows high heritability but causative genes remain largely unknown. According to a common hypothesis the genetic predisposition to thyroid cancer is highly heterogeneous; being in part due to many different rare alleles. Here we used linkage analysis and targeted deep sequencing to detect a novel single-nucleotide mutation in chromosome 4q32 (4q32A>C) in a large pedigree displaying non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (NMTC). This mutation is generally ultra-rare; it was not found in 38 NMTC families, in 2676 sporadic NMTC cases or 2470 controls. The mutation is located in a long-range enhancer element whose ability to bind the transcription factors POU2F and YY1 is significantly impaired, with decreased activity in the presence of the C- allele compared with the wild type A-allele. An enhancer RNA (eRNA) is transcribed in thyroid tissue from this region and is greatly downregulated in NMTC tumors. We suggest that this is an example of an ultra-rare mutation predisposing to thyroid cancer with high penetrance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling He
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (HH); (AdlC)
| | - Wei Li
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Dayong Wu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Rebecca Nagy
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sandya Liyanarachchi
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Keiko Akagi
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jaroslaw Jendrzejewski
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Hong Jiao
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Clinical Research Centre, and Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kevin Hoag
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Bernard Wen
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Mukund Srinivas
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Gavisha Waidyaratne
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Anna Wojcicka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, Warsaw, Poland
- Genomic Medicine, Department of General, Transplant, and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ilene R. Lattimer
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Elzbieta Stachlewska
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Czetwertynska
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Dlugosinska
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Gierlikowski
- Genomic Medicine, Department of General, Transplant, and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafal Ploski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Krawczyk
- Genomic Medicine, Department of General, Transplant, and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krystian Jazdzewski
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Genomic Medicine, Department of General, Transplant, and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Juha Kere
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Clinical Research Centre, and Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, and Research Program's Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - David E. Symer
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Victor Jin
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Qianben Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Albert de la Chapelle
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (HH); (AdlC)
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He H, Bronisz A, Liyanarachchi S, Nagy R, Li W, Huang Y, Akagi K, Saji M, Kula D, Wojcicka A, Sebastian N, Wen B, Puch Z, Kalemba M, Stachlewska E, Czetwertynska M, Dlugosinska J, Dymecka K, Ploski R, Krawczyk M, Morrison PJ, Ringel MD, Kloos RT, Jazdzewski K, Symer DE, Vieland VJ, Ostrowski M, Jarząb B, de la Chapelle A. SRGAP1 is a candidate gene for papillary thyroid carcinoma susceptibility. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013; 98:E973-80. [PMID: 23539728 PMCID: PMC3644596 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2012-3823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) shows high heritability, yet efforts to find predisposing genes have been largely negative. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to identify susceptibility genes for PTC. METHODS A genome-wide linkage analysis was performed in 38 families. Targeted association study and screening were performed in 2 large cohorts of PTC patients and controls. Candidate DNA variants were tested in functional studies. RESULTS Linkage analysis and association studies identified the Slit-Robo Rho GTPase activating protein 1 gene (SRGAP1) in the linkage peak as a candidate gene. Two missense variants, Q149H and A275T, localized in the Fes/CIP4 homology domain segregated with the disease in 1 family each. One missense variant, R617C, located in the RhoGAP domain occurred in 1 family. Biochemical assays demonstrated that the ability to inactivate CDC42, a key function of SRGAP1, was severely impaired by the Q149H and R617C variants. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that SRGAP1 is a candidate gene in PTC susceptibility. SRGAP1 is likely a low-penetrant gene, possibly of a modifier type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling He
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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Tomaz RA, Sousa I, Silva JG, Santos C, Teixeira MR, Leite V, Cavaco BM. FOXE1 polymorphisms are associated with familial and sporadic nonmedullary thyroid cancer susceptibility. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2012; 77:926-33. [PMID: 22882326 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2012.04505.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE FOXE1 is a transcription factor required for thyroid differentiation and function. FOXE1 locus polymorphisms (chromosome 9q22.33) were recently associated with increased sporadic thyroid cancer risk. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association of FOXE1 variants with nonmedullary thyroid cancer (NMTC), in both sporadic and familial (FNMTC) cases from the Portuguese population. DESIGN AND METHODS Nine variants located at the FOXE1 locus were sequenced in genomic DNA from 60 FNMTC probands and 80 patients with sporadic NMTC. Alleles were tested for association with thyroid cancer, against 130 healthy matched Portuguese controls. RESULTS All variants were significantly associated with increased thyroid cancer risk when combining familial and sporadic cases (OR range = 1·62-2·58). In particular, two reported risk variants were associated with the disease: rs965513 (allele A) with familial (OR = 2·30, 95% CI = 1·48-3·59, P = 0·0002) and sporadic (OR = 2·81, 95% CI = 1·87-4·22, P < 0·0001) NMTC and rs1867277 (allele A) with the sporadic (OR = 1·76, 95% CI = 1·18-2·62, P = 0·0052) and combined NMTC cases (OR = 1·70, 95% CI = 1·21-2·40, P = 0·0022). Interestingly, we also identified association of FOXE1 polyalanine tract expansions (>14 alanines) with thyroid cancer risk, in both familial (OR = 2·56, 95% CI = 1·64-4·01, P < 0·0001) and sporadic (OR = 2·44, 95% CI = 1·61-3·68, P < 0·0001) cases. CONCLUSIONS We found compelling evidence of association between FOXE1 variants and thyroid cancer risk in the Portuguese population. To our knowledge, this is the first study supporting the association of this locus with both sporadic and familial NMTC susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rute A Tomaz
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
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Máximo V, Lima J, Prazeres H, Soares P, Sobrinho-Simões M. The biology and the genetics of Hurthle cell tumors of the thyroid. Endocr Relat Cancer 2012; 19:R131-47. [PMID: 22514109 DOI: 10.1530/erc-11-0354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The biology and the genetics of Hürthle cell tumors are reviewed starting from the characterization and differential diagnosis of the numerous benign and malignant, neoplastic and nonneoplastic lesions of the thyroid in which Hürthle cell transformation is frequently observed. The clinicopathologic and molecular evidence obtained from the comparative study of the aforementioned conditions indicate that Hürthle cell appearance represents a phenotype that is superimposed on the genotypic and conventional histopathologic features of the tumors. Hürthle cell tumors differ from their non-Hürthle counterparts regarding the prevalence of large deletions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), mutations of mtDNA genes coding for oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) proteins (namely mutations of complex I subunit genes) and mutations of nuclear genes coding also for mitochondrial OXPHOS proteins. Such mitochondrial alterations lead to energy production defects in Hürthle cell tumors; the increased proliferation of mitochondria may reflect a compensatory mechanism for such defects and is associated with the overexpression of factors involved in mitochondrial biogenesis. The mitochondrial abnormalities are also thought to play a major role in the predisposition for necrosis instead of apoptosis which seems to be blocked in most Hürthle cell tumors. Finally, the results obtained in experimental models using cybrid cell lines and the data obtained from histopathologic and molecular studies of familial Hürthle cell tumors are used, together with the aforementioned genetic and epigenetic alterations, to progress in the understanding of the mechanisms through which mitochondrial abnormalities may be involved in the different steps of thyroid carcinogenesis, from tumor initiation to metastization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valdemar Máximo
- Institute of Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Rua Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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Abstract
Genomic and personalized medicine have become buzz phrases that pervade all fields of medicine. Rapid advances in "-omics" fields of research (chief of which are genomics, proteinomics, and epigenomics) over the last few years have allowed us to dissect the molecular signatures and functional pathways that underlie disease initiation and progression and to identify molecular profiles that help the classification of tumor subtypes and determine their natural course, prognosis, and responsiveness to therapies. Genomic medicine implements the use of traditional genetic information, as well as modern pangenomic information, with the aim of individualizing risk assessment, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancers and other diseases. It is of note that personalizing medical treatment based on genetic information is not the revolution of the 21st century. Indeed, the use of genetic information, such as human leukocyte antigen-matching for solid organ transplantation or blood transfusion based on ABO blood group antigens, has been standard of care for several decades. However, in recent years rapid technical advances have allowed us to perform high-throughput, high-density molecular analyses to depict the genomic, proteinomic, and epigenomic make-up of an individual at a reasonable cost. Hence, the so-called genomic revolution is more or less the logical evolution from years of bench-based research and bench-to-bedside translational medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Dammann
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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Xiong Y, Zhang L, Holloway AK, Wu X, Su L, Kebebew E. MiR-886-3p regulates cell proliferation and migration, and is dysregulated in familial non-medullary thyroid cancer. PLoS One 2011; 6:e24717. [PMID: 21998631 PMCID: PMC3187745 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0024717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2011] [Accepted: 08/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The molecular basis and characteristics of familial non-medullary thyroid cancer are poorly understood. In this study, we performed microRNA (miRNA) profiling of familial and sporadic papillary thyroid cancer tumor samples. Methodology/Principal Findings Genome wide miRNA profiling of sporadic and familial papillary thyroid cancer was performed. Differentially expressed miRNAs were validated by quantitative RT-PCR. Ectopic expression of miR-886-3p in thyroid cancer lines was performed to identify pathways targeted by the miRNA, as well as, to determine its effect on tumor cell biology. We found four differentially expressed miRNAs between familial and sporadic papillary thyroid cancer tumor samples. MiR-886-3p and miR-20a were validated to be differentially expressed by 3- and 4-fold, respectively. Pathway analysis of genome-wide expression data on cells overexpressing miR-886-3p and target prediction analysis showed genes involved in DNA replication and focal adhesion pathways were regulated by miR-886-3p. Overexpression of miR-886-3p in thyroid cancer cell lines significantly inhibited cellular proliferation, the number and size of spheroids and cellular migration. Additionally, overexpression of miR-886-3p increased the number of cells in S phase. Conclusions/Significance Our findings for the first time suggest that miR-886-3p plays an important role in thyroid cancer tumor cell biology and regulates genes involved in DNA replication and focal adhesion. Thus, miR-886-3p may play a role in the initiation and or progression of papillary thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Xiong
- Endocrine Oncology Section, Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lisa Zhang
- Endocrine Oncology Section, Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Alisha K. Holloway
- Gladstone Institutes, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Xiaolin Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Technology, Science Applications International Coorporation-Frederick, Inc., National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ling Su
- Laboratory of Molecular Technology, Science Applications International Coorporation-Frederick, Inc., National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Electron Kebebew
- Endocrine Oncology Section, Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Landa I, Robledo M. Association studies in thyroid cancer susceptibility: are we on the right track? J Mol Endocrinol 2011; 47:R43-58. [PMID: 21610006 DOI: 10.1530/jme-11-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
It is widely accepted that thyroid cancer is strongly determined by the individual genetic background. In this regard, it is expected that sporadic thyroid cancer is the result of multiple low- to moderate-penetrance genes interacting with each other and with the environment, thus modulating individual susceptibility. In the last years, an important number of association studies on thyroid cancer have been published, trying to determine this genetic contribution. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive and critical evaluation of the associations reported so far in thyroid cancer susceptibility in case-control studies performed in both non-medullary (papillary and follicular) and medullary thyroid cancers, including their potential strengths and pitfalls. We summarize the genetic variants reported to date, and stress the importance of validating the results in independent series and assessing the functional role of the associated loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñigo Landa
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
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