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Lim SY, Tan AH, Foo JN, Tan YJ, Chew EGY, Annuar AA, Closas AMD, Pajo A, Lim JL, Tay YW, Nadhirah A, Hor JW, Toh TS, Lit LC, Zulkefli J, Ngim SJ, Lim WK, Morris HR, Tan EK, Ng ASL. Loss-of-Function Variant in the SMPD1 Gene in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy-Richardson Syndrome Patients of Chinese Ancestry. J Mov Disord 2024; 17:213-217. [PMID: 38291878 PMCID: PMC11082598 DOI: 10.14802/jmd.24009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal dysfunction plays an important role in neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD) and possibly Parkinson-plus syndromes such as progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). This role is exemplified by the involvement of variants in the GBA1 gene, which results in a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase and is the most frequently identified genetic factor underlying PD worldwide. Pathogenic variants in the SMPD1 gene are a recessive cause of Niemann-Pick disease types A and B. Here, we provide the first report on an association between a loss-of-function variant in the SMPD1 gene present in a heterozygous state (p.Pro332Arg/p.P332R, which is known to result in reduced lysosomal acid sphingomyelinase activity), with PSP-Richardson syndrome in three unrelated patients of Chinese ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Yang Lim
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- The Mah Pooi Soo & Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson’s & Related Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ai Huey Tan
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- The Mah Pooi Soo & Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson’s & Related Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jia Nee Foo
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore
| | - Yi Jayne Tan
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore
| | - Elaine GY Chew
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore
| | - Azlina Ahmad Annuar
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Alfand Marl Dy Closas
- Metro Davao Medical and Research Center, Health Science and Wellness Center, Davao City, Philippines
| | - Azalea Pajo
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, University of the Philippines - College of Medicine, Manila, Philippines
| | - Jia Lun Lim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yi Wen Tay
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anis Nadhirah
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jia Wei Hor
- The Mah Pooi Soo & Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson’s & Related Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tzi Shin Toh
- The Mah Pooi Soo & Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson’s & Related Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Lei Cheng Lit
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jannah Zulkefli
- The Mah Pooi Soo & Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson’s & Related Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Su Juen Ngim
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Weng Khong Lim
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Genomic Medicine Centre, Singapore
- Cancer & Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Laboratory of Genome Variation Analytics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Huw R. Morris
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London, Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Eng-King Tan
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore
| | - Adeline SL Ng
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore
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2
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Jadhav VS, Stair JG, Eck RJ, Smukowski SN, Currey HN, Toscano LG, Hincks JC, Latimer CS, Valdmanis PN, Kraemer BC, Liachko NF. Transcriptomic evaluation of tau and TDP-43 synergism shows tauopathy predominance and reveals potential modulating targets. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 193:106441. [PMID: 38378122 PMCID: PMC11059213 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common aging-associated neurodegenerative dementia disorder, is defined by the presence of amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau aggregates in the brain. However, more than half of patients also exhibit aggregates of the protein TDP-43 as a secondary pathology. The presence of TDP-43 pathology in AD is associated with increased tau neuropathology and worsened clinical outcomes in AD patients. Using C. elegans models of mixed pathology in AD, we have previously shown that TDP-43 specifically synergizes with tau but not Aβ, resulting in enhanced neuronal dysfunction, selective neurodegeneration, and increased accumulation of pathological tau. However, cellular responses to co-morbid tau and TDP-43 preceding neurodegeneration have not been characterized. In this study, we evaluate transcriptomic changes at time-points preceding frank neuronal loss using a C. elegans model of tau and TDP-43 co-expression (tau-TDP-43 Tg). We find significant differential expression and exon usage in genes enriched in multiple pathways including lipid metabolism and lysosomal degradation. We note that early changes in tau-TDP-43 Tg resemble changes with tau alone, but a unique expression signature emerges during aging. We test loss-of-function mutations in a subset of tau and TDP-43 responsive genes, identifying new modifiers of neurotoxicity. Characterizing early cellular responses to tau and TDP-43 co-pathology is critical for understanding protective and pathogenic responses to mixed proteinopathies, and an important step in developing therapeutic strategies protecting against pathological tau and TDP-43 in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishnavi S Jadhav
- Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA; Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, USA
| | - Jade G Stair
- Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, USA
| | - Randall J Eck
- Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Samuel N Smukowski
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Heather N Currey
- Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, USA
| | - Laura Garcia Toscano
- Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA; Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, USA
| | - Joshua C Hincks
- Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, USA
| | - Caitlin S Latimer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, USA
| | - Paul N Valdmanis
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Brian C Kraemer
- Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA; Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Nicole F Liachko
- Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA; Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, USA.
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3
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Usenko T, Bezrukova A, Basharova K, Baydakova G, Shagimardanova E, Blatt N, Rizvanov A, Limankin O, Novitskiy M, Shnayder N, Izyumchenko A, Nikolaev M, Zabotina A, Lavrinova A, Kulabukhova D, Nasyrova R, Palchikova E, Zalutskaya N, Miliukhina I, Barbitoff Y, Glotov O, Glotov A, Taraskina A, Neznanov N, Zakharova E, Pchelina S. Altered Sphingolipid Hydrolase Activities and Alpha-Synuclein Level in Late-Onset Schizophrenia. Metabolites 2023; 14:30. [PMID: 38248833 PMCID: PMC10819534 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent data described that patients with lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) may have clinical schizophrenia (SCZ) features. Disruption of lipid metabolism in SCZ pathogenesis was found. Clinical features of schizophrenia (SCZ) have been demonstrated in patients with several lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs). Taking into account the critical role of lysosomal function for neuronal cells' lysosomal dysfunction could be proposed in SCZ pathogenesis. The current study analyzed lysosomal enzyme activities and the alpha-synuclein level in the blood of patients with late-onset SCZ. In total, 52 SCZ patients with late-onset SCZ, 180 sporadic Parkinson's disease (sPD) patients, and 176 controls were recruited. The enzymatic activity of enzymes associated with mucopolysaccharidosis (alpha-L-Iduronidase (IDUA)), glycogenosis (acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA)) and sphingolipidosis (galactosylceramidase (GALC), glucocerebrosidase (GCase), alpha-galactosidase (GLA), acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase)) and concentration of lysosphingolipids (hexosylsphingosine (HexSph), globotriaosylsphingosine (LysoGb3), and lysosphingomyelin (LysoSM)) were measured using LC-MS/MS. The alpha-synuclein level was estimated in magnetically separated CD45+ blood cells using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Additionally, NGS analysis of 11 LSDs genes was conducted in 21 early-onset SCZ patients and 23 controls using the gene panel PGRNseq-NDD. Decreased ASMase, increased GLA activities, and increased HexSpn, LysoGb3, and LysoSM concentrations along with an accumulation of the alpha-synuclein level were observed in late-onset SCZ patients in comparison to the controls (p < 0.05). Four rare deleterious variants among LSDs genes causing mucopolysaccharidosis type I (IDUA (rs532731688, rs74385837) and type III (HGSNAT (rs766835582)) and sphingolipidosis (metachromatic leukodystrophy (ARSA (rs201251634)) were identified in five patients from the group of early-onset SCZ patients but not in the controls. Our findings supported the role of sphingolipid metabolism in SCZ pathogenesis. Aberrant enzyme activities and compounds of sphingolipids associated with ceramide metabolism may lead to accumulation of alpha-synuclein and may be critical in SCZ pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Usenko
- Department of Molecular Genetic and Nanobiological Technologies Research Center, Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (T.U.); (A.B.); (A.I.); (M.N.); (A.Z.); (D.K.); (I.M.); (A.T.); (S.P.)
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia (G.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Anastasia Bezrukova
- Department of Molecular Genetic and Nanobiological Technologies Research Center, Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (T.U.); (A.B.); (A.I.); (M.N.); (A.Z.); (D.K.); (I.M.); (A.T.); (S.P.)
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia (G.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Katerina Basharova
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia (G.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Galina Baydakova
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia (G.B.); (A.L.)
- Research Center for Medical Genetics, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Shagimardanova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (E.S.); (N.B.); (A.R.)
| | - Nataliya Blatt
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (E.S.); (N.B.); (A.R.)
| | - Albert Rizvanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (E.S.); (N.B.); (A.R.)
- Division of Medical and Biological Sciences, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Oleg Limankin
- Psychiatric Hospital No. 1 Named after P. P. Kashchenko, 195009 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
- North-Western Medical University Named after P. I.I. Mechnikov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 191015 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maxim Novitskiy
- Center for Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology of the N.N. V.M. Bekhtereva, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.N.); (N.S.); (R.N.); (N.N.)
| | - Natalia Shnayder
- Center for Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology of the N.N. V.M. Bekhtereva, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.N.); (N.S.); (R.N.); (N.N.)
| | - Artem Izyumchenko
- Department of Molecular Genetic and Nanobiological Technologies Research Center, Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (T.U.); (A.B.); (A.I.); (M.N.); (A.Z.); (D.K.); (I.M.); (A.T.); (S.P.)
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia (G.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Mikhail Nikolaev
- Department of Molecular Genetic and Nanobiological Technologies Research Center, Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (T.U.); (A.B.); (A.I.); (M.N.); (A.Z.); (D.K.); (I.M.); (A.T.); (S.P.)
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia (G.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Anna Zabotina
- Department of Molecular Genetic and Nanobiological Technologies Research Center, Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (T.U.); (A.B.); (A.I.); (M.N.); (A.Z.); (D.K.); (I.M.); (A.T.); (S.P.)
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia (G.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Anna Lavrinova
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia (G.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Darya Kulabukhova
- Department of Molecular Genetic and Nanobiological Technologies Research Center, Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (T.U.); (A.B.); (A.I.); (M.N.); (A.Z.); (D.K.); (I.M.); (A.T.); (S.P.)
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia (G.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Regina Nasyrova
- Center for Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology of the N.N. V.M. Bekhtereva, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.N.); (N.S.); (R.N.); (N.N.)
| | - Ekaterina Palchikova
- V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center Psychiatry and Neurology, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (E.P.); (N.Z.)
| | - Natalia Zalutskaya
- V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center Psychiatry and Neurology, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (E.P.); (N.Z.)
| | - Irina Miliukhina
- Department of Molecular Genetic and Nanobiological Technologies Research Center, Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (T.U.); (A.B.); (A.I.); (M.N.); (A.Z.); (D.K.); (I.M.); (A.T.); (S.P.)
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia (G.B.); (A.L.)
- Institute of the Human Brain of RAS, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yury Barbitoff
- D.O. Ott Research Institute for Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (Y.B.); (O.G.); (A.G.)
- Cerbalab Ltd., 197136 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Bioinformatics Institute, 197342 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Oleg Glotov
- D.O. Ott Research Institute for Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (Y.B.); (O.G.); (A.G.)
- Cerbalab Ltd., 197136 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Pediatric Research and Clinical Center of Infectious Diseases, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrey Glotov
- D.O. Ott Research Institute for Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (Y.B.); (O.G.); (A.G.)
- School of Medicine, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anastasia Taraskina
- Department of Molecular Genetic and Nanobiological Technologies Research Center, Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (T.U.); (A.B.); (A.I.); (M.N.); (A.Z.); (D.K.); (I.M.); (A.T.); (S.P.)
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia (G.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Nikolai Neznanov
- Center for Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology of the N.N. V.M. Bekhtereva, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.N.); (N.S.); (R.N.); (N.N.)
- V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center Psychiatry and Neurology, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (E.P.); (N.Z.)
| | | | - Sofya Pchelina
- Department of Molecular Genetic and Nanobiological Technologies Research Center, Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (T.U.); (A.B.); (A.I.); (M.N.); (A.Z.); (D.K.); (I.M.); (A.T.); (S.P.)
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia (G.B.); (A.L.)
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Pihlström S, Richardt S, Määttä K, Pekkinen M, Olkkonen VM, Mäkitie O, Mäkitie RE. SGMS2 in primary osteoporosis with facial nerve palsy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1224318. [PMID: 37886644 PMCID: PMC10598846 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1224318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic heterozygous variants in SGMS2 cause a rare monogenic form of osteoporosis known as calvarial doughnut lesions with bone fragility (CDL). The clinical presentations of SGMS2-related bone pathology range from childhood-onset osteoporosis with low bone mineral density and sclerotic doughnut-shaped lesions in the skull to a severe spondylometaphyseal dysplasia with neonatal fractures, long-bone deformities, and short stature. In addition, neurological manifestations occur in some patients. SGMS2 encodes sphingomyelin synthase 2 (SMS2), an enzyme involved in the production of sphingomyelin (SM). This review describes the biochemical structure of SM, SM metabolism, and their molecular actions in skeletal and neural tissue. We postulate how disrupted SM gradient can influence bone formation and how animal models may facilitate a better understanding of SGMS2-related osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Pihlström
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sampo Richardt
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirsi Määttä
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Minna Pekkinen
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Children´s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vesa M. Olkkonen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Outi Mäkitie
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Children´s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Riikka E. Mäkitie
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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5
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Senkevich K, Beletskaia M, Dworkind A, Yu E, Ahmad J, Ruskey JA, Asayesh F, Spiegelman D, Fahn S, Waters C, Monchi O, Dauvilliers Y, Dupré N, Greenbaum L, Hassin-Baer S, Nagornov I, Tyurin A, Miliukhina I, Timofeeva A, Emelyanov A, Trempe JF, Zakharova E, Alcalay RN, Pchelina S, Gan-Or Z. Association of Rare Variants in ARSA with Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord 2023; 38:1806-1812. [PMID: 37381728 PMCID: PMC10615669 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several lysosomal genes are associated with Parkinson's disease (PD), yet the association between PD and ARSA remains unclear. OBJECTIVES To study rare ARSA variants in PD. METHODS To study rare ARSA variants (minor allele frequency < 0.01) in PD, we performed burden analyses in six independent cohorts with 5801 PD patients and 20,475 controls, followed by a meta-analysis. RESULTS We found evidence for associations between functional ARSA variants and PD in four cohorts (P ≤ 0.05 in each) and in the meta-analysis (P = 0.042). We also found an association between loss-of-function variants and PD in the United Kingdom Biobank cohort (P = 0.005) and in the meta-analysis (P = 0.049). These results should be interpreted with caution as no association survived multiple comparisons correction. Additionally, we describe two families with potential co-segregation of ARSA p.E382K and PD. CONCLUSIONS Rare functional and loss-of-function ARSA variants may be associated with PD. Further replications in large case-control/familial cohorts are required. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Senkevich
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Neurology and neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada, Canada
| | - Mariia Beletskaia
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Aliza Dworkind
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Eric Yu
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jamil Ahmad
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Neurology and neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada, Canada
| | - Jennifer A. Ruskey
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Neurology and neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada, Canada
| | - Farnaz Asayesh
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Dan Spiegelman
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stanley Fahn
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, NY, USA
| | - Cheryl Waters
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, NY, USA
| | - Oury Monchi
- Department of Neurology and neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1 Canada
| | - Yves Dauvilliers
- National Reference Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep Unit, Department of Neurology, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Dupré
- Division of Neurosciences, CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Lior Greenbaum
- The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sharon Hassin-Baer
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- The Movement Disorders Institute, Department of Neurology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Ilya Nagornov
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandr Tyurin
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Alla Timofeeva
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anton Emelyanov
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Jean-François Trempe
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics and Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale, McGill University, Montreal H3A 1A3, Canada
| | | | - Roy N. Alcalay
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, NY, USA
- Division of Movement Disorders, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sofya Pchelina
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ziv Gan-Or
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Neurology and neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
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6
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Huh YE, Usnich T, Scherzer CR, Klein C, Chung SJ. GBA1 Variants and Parkinson's Disease: Paving the Way for Targeted Therapy. J Mov Disord 2023; 16:261-278. [PMID: 37302978 PMCID: PMC10548077 DOI: 10.14802/jmd.23023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucosylceramidase beta 1 (GBA1) variants have attracted enormous attention as the most promising and important genetic candidates for precision medicine in Parkinson's disease (PD). A substantial correlation between GBA1 genotypes and PD phenotypes could inform the prediction of disease progression and promote the development of a preventive intervention for individuals at a higher risk of a worse disease prognosis. Moreover, the GBA1-regulated pathway provides new perspectives on the pathogenesis of PD, such as dysregulated sphingolipid metabolism, impaired protein quality control, and disrupted endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi trafficking. These perspectives have led to the development of novel disease-modifying therapies for PD targeting the GBA1-regulated pathway by repositioning treatment strategies for Gaucher's disease. This review summarizes the current hypotheses on a mechanistic link between GBA1 variants and PD and possible therapeutic options for modulating GBA1-regulated pathways in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Eun Huh
- Department of Neurology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Tatiana Usnich
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck and University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Clemens R. Scherzer
- Advanced Center for Parkinson’s Disease Research, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Precision Neurology Program, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck and University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sun Ju Chung
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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7
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Molnar MJ, Szlepak T, Csürke I, Loth S, Káposzta R, Erdős M, Dezsőfi A. Case report: The spectrum of SMPD1 pathogenic variants in Hungary. Front Genet 2023; 14:1158108. [PMID: 37347058 PMCID: PMC10280011 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1158108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in the sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase-1 (SMPD1) gene. Acid sphingomyelinase deficiency is characterized by a spectrum of disease and is broadly divided into three types (ASMD type A, ASMD type A/B, and ASMD type B). More than 220 disease-associated SMPD1 variants have been reported, and genotype/phenotype correlations are limited. Here we report the first description of all six diagnosed acid sphingomyelinase deficiency cases in Hungary. Nine SMPD1 variants are present in this cohort, including 3 SMPD1 variants (G247D, M384R, and F572L), which have only been described in Hungarian patients. All described variants are deemed to be pathogenic. Eight of the variants are missense, and one is a frameshift variant. The treatment of an ASMD type A/B patient in this cohort using hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is also detailed. This study may help to support diagnosis, patient genetic counseling, and management of acid sphingomyelinase deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Judit Molnar
- Institute of Genomic Medicine and Rare Disorders, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- ELKH-SE Multiomics Neurodegeneration Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamas Szlepak
- Institute of Genomic Medicine and Rare Disorders, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- ELKH-SE Multiomics Neurodegeneration Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Csürke
- Department of Pediatrics, Josa Andras County Hospital, Nyiregyhaza, Hungary
| | - Szendile Loth
- Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rita Káposzta
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Melinda Erdős
- PID Clinical Unit and Laboratory, Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Antal Dezsőfi
- Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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8
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Yu M, Ye H, De-Paula RB, Mangleburg CG, Wu T, Lee TV, Li Y, Duong D, Phillips B, Cruchaga C, Allen GI, Seyfried NT, Al-Ramahi I, Botas J, Shulman JM. Functional screening of lysosomal storage disorder genes identifies modifiers of alpha-synuclein neurotoxicity. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010760. [PMID: 37200393 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterozygous variants in the glucocerebrosidase (GBA) gene are common and potent risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD). GBA also causes the autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder (LSD), Gaucher disease, and emerging evidence from human genetics implicates many other LSD genes in PD susceptibility. We have systemically tested 86 conserved fly homologs of 37 human LSD genes for requirements in the aging adult Drosophila brain and for potential genetic interactions with neurodegeneration caused by α-synuclein (αSyn), which forms Lewy body pathology in PD. Our screen identifies 15 genetic enhancers of αSyn-induced progressive locomotor dysfunction, including knockdown of fly homologs of GBA and other LSD genes with independent support as PD susceptibility factors from human genetics (SCARB2, SMPD1, CTSD, GNPTAB, SLC17A5). For several genes, results from multiple alleles suggest dose-sensitivity and context-dependent pleiotropy in the presence or absence of αSyn. Homologs of two genes causing cholesterol storage disorders, Npc1a / NPC1 and Lip4 / LIPA, were independently confirmed as loss-of-function enhancers of αSyn-induced retinal degeneration. The enzymes encoded by several modifier genes are upregulated in αSyn transgenic flies, based on unbiased proteomics, revealing a possible, albeit ineffective, compensatory response. Overall, our results reinforce the important role of lysosomal genes in brain health and PD pathogenesis, and implicate several metabolic pathways, including cholesterol homeostasis, in αSyn-mediated neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meigen Yu
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Hui Ye
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ruth B De-Paula
- Quantitative and Computational Biology Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Carl Grant Mangleburg
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Timothy Wu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Tom V Lee
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Yarong Li
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Duc Duong
- Departments of Biochemistry and Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Bridget Phillips
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Genevera I Allen
- Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Computer Science, and Statistics, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Nicholas T Seyfried
- Departments of Biochemistry and Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Ismael Al-Ramahi
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Center for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Juan Botas
- Quantitative and Computational Biology Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Center for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Joshua M Shulman
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Center for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
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9
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Carceles-Cordon M, Weintraub D, Chen-Plotkin AS. Cognitive heterogeneity in Parkinson's disease: A mechanistic view. Neuron 2023; 111:1531-1546. [PMID: 37028431 PMCID: PMC10198897 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment occurs in most individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD), exacting a high toll on patients, their caregivers, and the healthcare system. In this review, we begin by summarizing the current clinical landscape surrounding cognition in PD. We then discuss how cognitive impairment and dementia may develop in PD based on the spread of the pathological protein alpha-synuclein (aSyn) from neurons in brainstem regions to those in the cortical regions of the brain responsible for higher cognitive functions, as first proposed in the Braak hypothesis. We appraise the Braak hypothesis from molecular (conformations of aSyn), cell biological (cell-to-cell spread of pathological aSyn), and organ-level (region-to-region spread of aSyn pathology at the whole brain level) viewpoints. Finally, we argue that individual host factors may be the most poorly understood aspect of this pathological process, accounting for substantial heterogeneity in the pattern and pace of cognitive decline in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Carceles-Cordon
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dan Weintraub
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alice S Chen-Plotkin
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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10
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Muraleedharan A, Vanderperre B. The endo-lysosomal system in Parkinson's disease: expanding the horizon. J Mol Biol 2023:168140. [PMID: 37148997 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease, and its prevalence is increasing with age. A wealth of genetic evidence indicates that the endo-lysosomal system is a major pathway driving PD pathogenesis with a growing number of genes encoding endo-lysosomal proteins identified as risk factors for PD, making it a promising target for therapeutic intervention. However, detailed knowledge and understanding of the molecular mechanisms linking these genes to the disease are available for only a handful of them (e.g. LRRK2, GBA1, VPS35). Taking on the challenge of studying poorly characterized genes and proteins can be daunting, due to the limited availability of tools and knowledge from previous literature. This review aims at providing a valuable source of molecular and cellular insights into the biology of lesser-studied PD-linked endo-lysosomal genes, to help and encourage researchers in filling the knowledge gap around these less popular genetic players. Specific endo-lysosomal pathways discussed range from endocytosis, sorting, and vesicular trafficking to the regulation of membrane lipids of these membrane-bound organelles and the specific enzymatic activities they contain. We also provide perspectives on future challenges that the community needs to tackle and propose approaches to move forward in our understanding of these poorly studied endo-lysosomal genes. This will help harness their potential in designing innovative and efficient treatments to ultimately re-establish neuronal homeostasis in PD but also other diseases involving endo-lysosomal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amitha Muraleedharan
- Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines - Fondation Courtois and Biological Sciences Department, Université du Québec à Montréal
| | - Benoît Vanderperre
- Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines - Fondation Courtois and Biological Sciences Department, Université du Québec à Montréal
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11
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Perillo S, Palmieri GR, Del Moral MO, De Michele G, Giglio A, Cuomo N, Pane C, Bauer P, De Michele G, De Rosa A. Screening for Fabry disease in a series of Parkinson's disease patients and literature review. Neurol Sci 2023; 44:1235-1241. [PMID: 36547780 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-022-06554-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND So far, mutations in genes encoding lysosomal enzymes have been associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). Fabry disease (FD) is an X-linked lysosomal storage disease caused by alpha-galactosidase A (α-GAL) deficiency, leading to deposition of globotriaosylceramide in the nervous system and other organs. We aimed to screen for FD a case series of PD patients from Southern Italy and to review the literature. METHODS One hundred and forty-four consecutive unrelated PD subjects were enrolled. The α-GAL activity was measured in all men and, in case of pathological values, subsequent determination of globotriaosylsphingosine (lyso-Gb3) and GLA gene sequencing were also performed. All the women underwent GLA gene sequencing. RESULTS α-GAL levels resulted low in fifteen men, whereas lyso-Gb3 testing showed values within the reference range in all of them. GLA gene variants were not detected in any tested subjects. One pathological study, six case series, and five case reports are currently reported in literature. CONCLUSIONS The few studies reviewed are heterogeneous, and the results are controversial. An unknown significance variant in GLA gene was detected in PD patients in one large study, whereas decreased α-GAL activity was observed in PD subjects in two other researches, but without confirmation by lyso-Gb3 assessment or genetic analysis. Vascular parkinsonism was associated to FD in five case reports. We found no association between PD and FD in our population. However, it is not possible to draw definitive conclusions due to limited sample size. Furthermore, controls would have been missing in case of a positive finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Perillo
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Rosario Palmieri
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giovanna De Michele
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Augusta Giglio
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzia Cuomo
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Pane
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe De Michele
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna De Rosa
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
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12
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Yahya V, Di Fonzo A, Monfrini E. Genetic Evidence for Endolysosomal Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease: A Critical Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076338. [PMID: 37047309 PMCID: PMC10094484 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder in the aging population, and no disease-modifying therapy has been approved to date. The pathogenesis of PD has been related to many dysfunctional cellular mechanisms, however, most of its monogenic forms are caused by pathogenic variants in genes involved in endolysosomal function (LRRK2, VPS35, VPS13C, and ATP13A2) and synaptic vesicle trafficking (SNCA, RAB39B, SYNJ1, and DNAJC6). Moreover, an extensive search for PD risk variants revealed strong risk variants in several lysosomal genes (e.g., GBA1, SMPD1, TMEM175, and SCARB2) highlighting the key role of lysosomal dysfunction in PD pathogenesis. Furthermore, large genetic studies revealed that PD status is associated with the overall “lysosomal genetic burden”, namely the cumulative effect of strong and weak risk variants affecting lysosomal genes. In this context, understanding the complex mechanisms of impaired vesicular trafficking and dysfunctional endolysosomes in dopaminergic neurons of PD patients is a fundamental step to identifying precise therapeutic targets and developing effective drugs to modify the neurodegenerative process in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidal Yahya
- Dino Ferrari Center, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Alessio Di Fonzo
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Edoardo Monfrini
- Dino Ferrari Center, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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13
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Senkevich K, Beletskaia M, Dworkind A, Yu E, Ahmad J, Ruskey JA, Asayesh F, Spiegelman D, Fahn S, Waters C, Monchi O, Dauvilliers Y, Dupré N, Greenbaum L, Hassin-Baer S, Nagornov I, Tyurin A, Miliukhina I, Timofeeva A, Emelyanov A, Zakharova E, Alcalay RN, Pchelina S, Gan-Or Z. Association of rare variants in ARSA with Parkinson's disease. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.03.08.23286773. [PMID: 36993451 PMCID: PMC10055435 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.08.23286773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Background Several lysosomal genes are associated with Parkinson's disease (PD), yet the association between PD and ARSA , which encodes for the enzyme arylsulfatase A, remains controversial. Objectives To evaluate the association between rare ARSA variants and PD. Methods To study possible association of rare variants (minor allele frequency<0.01) in ARSA with PD, we performed burden analyses in six independent cohorts with a total of 5,801 PD patients and 20,475 controls, using optimized sequence Kernel association test (SKAT-O), followed by a meta-analysis. Results We found evidence for an association between functional ARSA variants and PD in four independent cohorts (P≤0.05 in each) and in the meta-analysis (P=0.042). We also found an association between loss-of-function variants and PD in the UKBB cohort (P=0.005) and in the meta-analysis (P=0.049). However, despite replicating in four independent cohorts, these results should be interpreted with caution as no association survived correction for multiple comparisons. Additionally, we describe two families with potential co-segregation of the ARSA variant p.E384K and PD. Conclusions Rare functional and loss-of-function ARSA variants may be associated with PD. Further replication in large case-control cohorts and in familial studies is required to confirm these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Senkevich
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Neurology and neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada, Canada
| | - Mariia Beletskaia
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Aliza Dworkind
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Eric Yu
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jamil Ahmad
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Neurology and neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada, Canada
| | - Jennifer A. Ruskey
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Neurology and neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada, Canada
| | - Farnaz Asayesh
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Dan Spiegelman
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stanley Fahn
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, NY, USA
| | - Cheryl Waters
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, NY, USA
| | - Oury Monchi
- Department of Neurology and neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1 Canada
| | - Yves Dauvilliers
- National Reference Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep Unit, Department of Neurology, Guide-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Dupré
- Division of Neurosciences, CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Lior Greenbaum
- The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sharon Hassin-Baer
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- The Movement Disorders Institute, Department of Neurology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Ilya Nagornov
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandr Tyurin
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Alla Timofeeva
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anton Emelyanov
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Roy N. Alcalay
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, NY, USA
- Division of Movement Disorders, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sofya Pchelina
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ziv Gan-Or
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Neurology and neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
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14
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A Perspective on the Link between Mitochondria-Associated Membranes (MAMs) and Lipid Droplets Metabolism in Neurodegenerative Diseases. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12030414. [PMID: 36979106 PMCID: PMC10045954 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria interact with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) through contacts called mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs), which control several processes, such as the ER stress response, mitochondrial and ER dynamics, inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy. MAMs represent an important platform for transport of non-vesicular phospholipids and cholesterol. Therefore, this region is highly enriched in proteins involved in lipid metabolism, including the enzymes that catalyze esterification of cholesterol into cholesteryl esters (CE) and synthesis of triacylglycerols (TAG) from fatty acids (FAs), which are then stored in lipid droplets (LDs). LDs, through contact with other organelles, prevent the toxic consequences of accumulation of unesterified (free) lipids, including lipotoxicity and oxidative stress, and serve as lipid reservoirs that can be used under multiple metabolic and physiological conditions. The LDs break down by autophagy releases of stored lipids for energy production and synthesis of membrane components and other macromolecules. Pathological lipid deposition and autophagy disruption have both been reported to occur in several neurodegenerative diseases, supporting that lipid metabolism alterations are major players in neurodegeneration. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of MAMs structure and function, focusing on their roles in lipid metabolism and the importance of autophagy in LDs metabolism, as well as the changes that occur in neurogenerative diseases.
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15
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Pfrieger FW. The Niemann-Pick type diseases – A synopsis of inborn errors in sphingolipid and cholesterol metabolism. Prog Lipid Res 2023; 90:101225. [PMID: 37003582 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2023.101225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Disturbances of lipid homeostasis in cells provoke human diseases. The elucidation of the underlying mechanisms and the development of efficient therapies represent formidable challenges for biomedical research. Exemplary cases are two rare, autosomal recessive, and ultimately fatal lysosomal diseases historically named "Niemann-Pick" honoring the physicians, whose pioneering observations led to their discovery. Acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD) and Niemann-Pick type C disease (NPCD) are caused by specific variants of the sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1 (SMPD1) and NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 (NPC1) or NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 2 (NPC2) genes that perturb homeostasis of two key membrane components, sphingomyelin and cholesterol, respectively. Patients with severe forms of these diseases present visceral and neurologic symptoms and succumb to premature death. This synopsis traces the tortuous discovery of the Niemann-Pick diseases, highlights important advances with respect to genetic culprits and cellular mechanisms, and exposes efforts to improve diagnosis and to explore new therapeutic approaches.
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16
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Mächtel R, Boros FA, Dobert JP, Arnold P, Zunke F. From Lysosomal Storage Disorders to Parkinson's Disease - Challenges and Opportunities. J Mol Biol 2022:167932. [PMID: 36572237 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2022.167932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomes are specialized organelles with an acidic pH that act as recycling hubs for intracellular and extracellular components. They harbour numerous different hydrolytic enzymes to degrade substrates like proteins, peptides, and glycolipids. Reduced catalytic activity of lysosomal enzymes can cause the accumulation of these substrates and loss of lysosomal integrity, resulting in lysosomal dysfunction and lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs). Post-mitotic cells, such as neurons, seem to be highly sensitive to damages induced by lysosomal dysfunction, thus LSDs often manifest with neurological symptoms. Interestingly, some LSDs and Parkinson's disease (PD) share common cellular pathomechanisms, suggesting convergence of aetiology of the two disease types. This is further underlined by genetic associations of several lysosomal genes involved in LSDs with PD. The increasing number of lysosome-associated genetic risk factors for PD makes it necessary to understand functions and interactions of lysosomal proteins/enzymes both in health and disease, thereby holding the potential to identify new therapeutic targets. In this review, we highlight genetic and mechanistic interactions between the complex lysosomal network, LSDs and PD, and elaborate on methodical challenges in lysosomal research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Mächtel
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Clinics Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Jan Philipp Dobert
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Clinics Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Philipp Arnold
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Friederike Zunke
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Clinics Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
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17
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Zedde M, Pascarella R, Cavallieri F, Pezzella FR, Grisanti S, Di Fonzo A, Valzania F. Anderson-Fabry Disease: A New Piece of the Lysosomal Puzzle in Parkinson Disease? Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123132. [PMID: 36551888 PMCID: PMC9776280 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Anderson-Fabry disease (AFD) is an inherited lysosomal storage disorder characterized by a composite and multisystemic clinical phenotype and frequent involvement of the central nervous system (CNS). Research in this area has largely focused on the cerebrovascular manifestations of the disease, and very little has been described about further neurological manifestations, which are known in other lysosomal diseases, such as Gaucher disease. In particular, a clinical and neuroimaging phenotype suggesting neurodegeneration as a putative mechanism has never been fully described for AFD, but the increased survival of affected patients with early diagnosis and the possibility of treatment have given rise to some isolated reports in the literature on the association of AFD with a clinical phenotype of Parkinson disease (PD). The data are currently scarce, but it is possible to hypothesize the molecular mechanisms of cell damage that support this association; this topic is worthy of further study in particular in relation to the therapeutic possibilities, which have significantly modified the natural history of the disease but which are not specifically dedicated to the CNS. In this review, the molecular mechanisms underlying this association will be proposed, and the available data with implications for future research and treatment will be rewritten.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marialuisa Zedde
- Neurology Unit, Neuromotor and Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Correspondence: or
| | - Rosario Pascarella
- Neuroradiology Unit, Radiology Department, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Francesco Cavallieri
- Neurology Unit, Neuromotor and Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Pezzella
- Neurology Unit, Stroke Unit, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, AO San Camillo Forlanini, 00152 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Grisanti
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Alessio Di Fonzo
- Neurology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Franco Valzania
- Neurology Unit, Neuromotor and Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
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18
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Galper J, Kim WS, Dzamko N. LRRK2 and Lipid Pathways: Implications for Parkinson's Disease. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1597. [PMID: 36358947 PMCID: PMC9687231 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Genetic alterations in the LRRK2 gene, encoding leucine-rich repeat kinase 2, are a common risk factor for Parkinson's disease. How LRRK2 alterations lead to cell pathology is an area of ongoing investigation, however, multiple lines of evidence suggest a role for LRRK2 in lipid pathways. It is increasingly recognized that in addition to being energy reservoirs and structural entities, some lipids, including neural lipids, participate in signaling cascades. Early investigations revealed that LRRK2 localized to membranous and vesicular structures, suggesting an interaction of LRRK2 and lipids or lipid-associated proteins. LRRK2 substrates from the Rab GTPase family play a critical role in vesicle trafficking, lipid metabolism and lipid storage, all processes which rely on lipid dynamics. In addition, LRRK2 is associated with the phosphorylation and activity of enzymes that catabolize plasma membrane and lysosomal lipids. Furthermore, LRRK2 knockout studies have revealed that blood, brain and urine exhibit lipid level changes, including alterations to sterols, sphingolipids and phospholipids, respectively. In human LRRK2 mutation carriers, changes to sterols, sphingolipids, phospholipids, fatty acyls and glycerolipids are reported in multiple tissues. This review summarizes the evidence regarding associations between LRRK2 and lipids, and the functional consequences of LRRK2-associated lipid changes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Galper
- Charles Perkins Centre and Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Woojin S Kim
- Brain and Mind Centre and Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Nicolas Dzamko
- Charles Perkins Centre and Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
- Brain and Mind Centre and Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
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19
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Xue J, Zhu Y, Wei L, Huang H, Li G, Huang W, Zhu H, Duan R. Loss of Drosophila NUS1 results in cholesterol accumulation and Parkinson's disease-related neurodegeneration. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22411. [PMID: 35695805 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200212r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
NgBR is the Nogo-B receptor, encoded by NUS1 gene. As NgBR contains a C-terminal domain that is similar to cis-isoprenyltransferase (cis-IPTase), NgBR was speculated to stabilize nascent Niemann-Pick type C 2 (NPC2) to facilitate cholesterol transport out of lysosomes. Mutations in the NUS1 were known as risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD). In our previous study, it was shown that knockdown of Drosophila NUS1 orthologous gene tango14 causes decreased climbing ability, loss of dopaminergic neurons, and decreased dopamine contents. In this study, tango14 mutant flies were generated with a mutation in the C-terminal enzyme activity region using CRISPR/Cas9. Tango14 mutant showed a reduced lifespan with locomotive defects and cholesterol accumulation in Malpighian tubules and brains, especially in dopaminergic neurons. Multilamellar bodies were found in tango14 mutants using electron microscopy. Neurodegenerative-related brain vacuolization was also detected in tango14 knockdown flies in an age-dependent manner. In addition, tango14 knockdown increased α-synuclein (α-syn) neurotoxicity in α-syn-overexpressing flies, with decreased locomotive activities, dopamine contents, and the numbers of dopaminergic neurons in aging flies. Thus, these observations suggest a role of NUS1, the ortholog of tango14, in PD-related pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xue
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yingbao Zhu
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liyi Wei
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongjing Huang
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guangxu Li
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen Huang
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Jilin, China
| | - Ranhui Duan
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, China
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20
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Galper J, Dean NJ, Pickford R, Lewis SJG, Halliday GM, Kim WS, Dzamko N. Lipid pathway dysfunction is prevalent in patients with Parkinson's disease. Brain 2022; 145:3472-3487. [PMID: 35551349 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many genetic risk factors for Parkinson's disease have lipid-related functions and lipid-modulating drugs such as statins may be protective against Parkinson's disease. Moreover, the hallmark Parkinson's disease pathological protein, α-synuclein, has lipid membrane function and pathways dysregulated in Parkinson's disease such as the endosome-lysosome system and synaptic signaling rely heavily on lipid dynamics. Despite the potential role for lipids in Parkinson's disease, most research to date has been protein-centric, with large-scale, untargeted serum and CSF lipidomic comparisons between genetic and idiopathic Parkinson's disease and neurotypical controls limited. In particular, the extent to which lipid dysregulation occurs in mutation carriers of one of the most common Parkinson's disease risk genes, LRRK2, is unclear. Further, the functional lipid pathways potentially dysregulated in idiopathic and LRRK2 mutation Parkinson's disease is underexplored. To better determine the extent of lipid dysregulation in Parkinson's disease, untargeted high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was performed on serum (N = 221) and CSF (N = 88) obtained from a multiethnic population from the Michael J Fox Foundation LRRK2 Clinical Cohort Consortium. The cohort consisted of controls, asymptomatic LRRK2 G2019S carriers, LRRK2 G2019S carriers with Parkinson's disease and Parkinson's disease patients without a LRRK2 mutation. Age and sex were adjusted for in analyses where appropriate. Approximately one thousand serum lipid species per participant were analyzed. The main serum lipids that distinguished both Parkinson's disease patients and LRRK2 mutation carriers from controls included species of ceramide, triacylglycerol, sphingomyelin, acylcarnitine, phosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylethanolamine. Significant alterations in sphingolipids and glycerolipids were also reflected in Parkinson's disease and LRRK2 mutation carrier CSF, although no correlations were observed between lipids identified in both serum and CSF. Pathway analysis of altered lipid species indicated that sphingolipid metabolism, insulin signaling and mitochondrial function were the major metabolic pathways dysregulated in Parkinson's disease. Importantly, these pathways were also found to be dysregulated in serum samples from a second Parkinson's disease cohort (N = 315). Results from this study demonstrate that dysregulated lipids in Parkinson's disease generally, and in LRRK2 mutation carriers, are from functionally and metabolically related pathways. These findings provide new insight into the extent of lipid dysfunction in Parkinson's disease and therapeutics manipulating these pathways may potentially be beneficial for Parkinson's disease patients. Moreover, serum lipid profiles may be novel biomarkers for both genetic and idiopathic Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Galper
- University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre and Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Nicholas J Dean
- University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Central Clinical School Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Russell Pickford
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Simon J G Lewis
- University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre and Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Glenda M Halliday
- University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre and Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Woojin S Kim
- University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre and Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Nicolas Dzamko
- University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre and Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
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21
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Onder H, Kocer B, Duzkale N, Comoglu S. Niemann–Pick disease type B and Parkinson’s disease: a coexistence or an etiological association? Neurol Sci 2022; 43:2867-2869. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-021-05860-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Kim MJ, Jeong H, Krainc D. Lysosomal ceramides regulate cathepsin B-mediated processing of saposin C and glucocerebrosidase activity. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:2424-2437. [PMID: 35181782 PMCID: PMC9307309 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Variants in multiple lysosomal enzymes increase Parkinson's disease (PD) risk, including the genes encoding glucocerebrosidase (GCase), acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase) and galactosylceramidase. Each of these enzymes generates ceramide by hydrolysis of sphingolipids in lysosomes, but the role of this common pathway in PD pathogenesis has not yet been explored. Variations in GBA1, the gene encoding GCase, are the most common genetic risk factor for PD. The lysosomal enzyme cathepsin B has recently been implicated as an important genetic modifier of disease penetrance in individuals harboring GBA1 variants, suggesting a mechanistic link between these enzymes. Here, we found that ceramide activates cathepsin B, and identified a novel role for cathepsin B in mediating prosaposin cleavage to form saposin C, the lysosomal coactivator of GCase. Interestingly, this pathway was disrupted in Parkin-linked PD models, and upon treatment with inhibitor of ASMase which resulted in decreased ceramide production. Conversely, increasing ceramide production by inhibiting acid ceramidase activity was sufficient to upregulate cathepsin B- and saposin C-mediated activation of GCase. These results highlight a mechanistic link between ceramide and cathepsin B in regulating GCase activity and suggest that targeting lysosomal ceramide or cathepsin B represents an important therapeutic strategy for activating GCase in PD and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Jong Kim
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hyunkyung Jeong
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dimitri Krainc
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel/Fax: 312-503-3936;
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23
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Gouda NA, Elkamhawy A, Cho J. Emerging Therapeutic Strategies for Parkinson’s Disease and Future Prospects: A 2021 Update. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020371. [PMID: 35203580 PMCID: PMC8962417 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder pathologically distinguished by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Muscle rigidity, tremor, and bradykinesia are all clinical motor hallmarks of PD. Several pathways have been implicated in PD etiology, including mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired protein clearance, and neuroinflammation, but how these factors interact remains incompletely understood. Although many breakthroughs in PD therapy have been accomplished, there is currently no cure for PD, only trials to alleviate the related motor symptoms. To reduce or stop the clinical progression and mobility impairment, a disease-modifying approach that can directly target the etiology rather than offering symptomatic alleviation remains a major unmet clinical need in the management of PD. In this review, we briefly introduce current treatments and pathophysiology of PD. In addition, we address the novel innovative therapeutic targets for PD therapy, including α-synuclein, autophagy, neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, and others. Several immunomodulatory approaches and stem cell research currently in clinical trials with PD patients are also discussed. Moreover, preclinical studies and clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of novel and repurposed therapeutic agents and their pragmatic applications with encouraging outcomes are summarized. Finally, molecular biomarkers under active investigation are presented as potentially valuable tools for early PD diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha A. Gouda
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Korea; (N.A.G.); (A.E.)
| | - Ahmed Elkamhawy
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Korea; (N.A.G.); (A.E.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Jungsook Cho
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Korea; (N.A.G.); (A.E.)
- Correspondence:
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24
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Usenko TS, Senkevich KA, Bezrukova AI, Baydakova GV, Basharova KS, Zhuravlev AS, Gracheva EV, Kudrevatykh AV, Miliukhina IV, Krasakov IV, Khublarova LA, Fursova IV, Zakharov DV, Timofeeva AA, Irishina YA, Palchikova EI, Zalutskaya NM, Emelyanov AK, Zakharova EY, Pchelina SN. Impaired Sphingolipid Hydrolase Activities in Dementia with Lewy Bodies and Multiple System Atrophy. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:2277-2287. [PMID: 35066761 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02688-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synucleinopathies are a group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the oligomerization of alpha-synuclein protein in neurons or glial cells. Recent studies provide data that ceramide metabolism impairment may play a role in the pathogenesis of synucleinopathies due to its influence on alpha-synuclein accumulation. The aim of the current study was to assess changes in activities of enzymes involved in ceramide metabolism in patients with different synucleinopathies (Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA)). The study enrolled 163 PD, 44 DLB, and 30 MSA patients as well as 159 controls. Glucocerebrosidase, alpha-galactosidase, acid sphingomyelinase enzyme activities, and concentrations of the corresponding substrates (hexosylsphingosine, globotriaosylsphingosine, lysosphingomyelin) were measured by liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry in blood. Expression levels of GBA, GLA, and SMPD1 genes encoding glucoceresobridase, alpha-galactosidase, and acid sphingomyelinase enzymes, correspondently, were analyzed by real-time PCR with TaqMan assay in CD45 + blood cells. Increased hexosylsphingosine concentration was observed in DLB and MSA patients in comparison to PD and controls (p < 0.001) and it was associated with earlier age at onset (AAO) of DLB (p = 0.0008). SMPD1 expression was decreased in MSA compared to controls (p = 0.015). Acid sphingomyelinase activity was decreased in DLB, MSA patients compared to PD patients (p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001, respectively), and in MSA compared to controls (p < 0.0001). Lower acid sphingomyelinase activity was associated with earlier AAO of PD (p = 0.012). Our data support the role of lysosomal dysfunction in the pathogenesis of synucleinopathies, namely, the pronounced alterations of lysosomal activities involved in ceramide metabolism in patients with MSA and DLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Usenko
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named By B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», 1, mkr. Orlova roshcha, 188300, Gatchina, Russia. .,Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, L'va Tolstogo str. 6-8, 197022, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - K A Senkevich
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named By B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», 1, mkr. Orlova roshcha, 188300, Gatchina, Russia.,Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, L'va Tolstogo str. 6-8, 197022, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A I Bezrukova
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named By B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», 1, mkr. Orlova roshcha, 188300, Gatchina, Russia
| | - G V Baydakova
- Research Center for Medical Genetics, Moskvorechie str. 1, Moscow, 115478, Russia
| | - K S Basharova
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named By B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», 1, mkr. Orlova roshcha, 188300, Gatchina, Russia
| | - A S Zhuravlev
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named By B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», 1, mkr. Orlova roshcha, 188300, Gatchina, Russia
| | - E V Gracheva
- Institute of the Human Brain of RAS, 9, Pavlova str, St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia
| | - A V Kudrevatykh
- Institute of the Human Brain of RAS, 9, Pavlova str, St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia
| | - I V Miliukhina
- Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, L'va Tolstogo str. 6-8, 197022, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Institute of the Human Brain of RAS, 9, Pavlova str, St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia
| | - I V Krasakov
- The Nikiforov Russian Center of Emergency and Radiation Medicine, Optikov str. 54, 197082, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - L A Khublarova
- V.M. Bekhterevs National Medical Research Center Psychiatry and Neurology, 3 Bekhterev str., 192019, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - I V Fursova
- V.M. Bekhterevs National Medical Research Center Psychiatry and Neurology, 3 Bekhterev str., 192019, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - D V Zakharov
- V.M. Bekhterevs National Medical Research Center Psychiatry and Neurology, 3 Bekhterev str., 192019, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A A Timofeeva
- Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, L'va Tolstogo str. 6-8, 197022, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Y A Irishina
- Institute of the Human Brain of RAS, 9, Pavlova str, St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia
| | - E I Palchikova
- V.M. Bekhterevs National Medical Research Center Psychiatry and Neurology, 3 Bekhterev str., 192019, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - N M Zalutskaya
- V.M. Bekhterevs National Medical Research Center Psychiatry and Neurology, 3 Bekhterev str., 192019, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A K Emelyanov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named By B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», 1, mkr. Orlova roshcha, 188300, Gatchina, Russia.,Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, L'va Tolstogo str. 6-8, 197022, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - E Y Zakharova
- Research Center for Medical Genetics, Moskvorechie str. 1, Moscow, 115478, Russia
| | - S N Pchelina
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named By B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», 1, mkr. Orlova roshcha, 188300, Gatchina, Russia.,Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, L'va Tolstogo str. 6-8, 197022, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Institute of Experimental Medicine, 12, Acad. Pavlov Str, 197376, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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25
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The Sphingolipid Asset Is Altered in the Nigrostriatal System of Mice Models of Parkinson’s Disease. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12010093. [PMID: 35053241 PMCID: PMC8773707 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease incurable due to late diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, one of the priorities of neurology is to study the mechanisms of PD pathogenesis at the preclinical and early clinical stages. Given the important role of sphingolipids in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, we aimed to analyze the gene expression of key sphingolipid metabolism enzymes (ASAH1, ASAH2, CERS1, CERS3, CERS5, GBA1, SMPD1, SMPD2, UGCG) and the content of 32 sphingolipids (subspecies of ceramides, sphingomyelins, monohexosylceramides and sphinganine, sphingosine, and sphingosine-1-phosphate) in the nigrostriatal system in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse models of the preclinical and clinical stages of PD. It has been shown that in PD models, the expression of five of the nine studied genes (CERS1, CERS5, ASAH1, ASAH2, and GBA1) increases but only in the substantia nigra (SN) containing dopaminergic cell bodies. Changes in the expression of enzyme genes were accompanied by an increase in the content of 7 of the 32 studied sphingolipids. Such findings suggest these genes as attractive candidates for diagnostic purposes for preclinical and clinical stages of PD.
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26
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Moll T, Marshall JNG, Soni N, Zhang S, Cooper-Knock J, Shaw PJ. Membrane lipid raft homeostasis is directly linked to neurodegeneration. Essays Biochem 2021; 65:999-1011. [PMID: 34623437 PMCID: PMC8709890 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20210026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Age-associated neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are an unmet health need, with significant economic and societal implications, and an ever-increasing prevalence. Membrane lipid rafts (MLRs) are specialised plasma membrane microdomains that provide a platform for intracellular trafficking and signal transduction, particularly within neurons. Dysregulation of MLRs leads to disruption of neurotrophic signalling and excessive apoptosis which mirrors the final common pathway for neuronal death in ALS, PD and AD. Sphingomyelinase (SMase) and phospholipase (PL) enzymes process components of MLRs and therefore play central roles in MLR homeostasis and in neurotrophic signalling. We review the literature linking SMase and PL enzymes to ALS, AD and PD with particular attention to attractive therapeutic targets, where functional manipulation has been successful in preclinical studies. We propose that dysfunction of these enzymes is upstream in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and to support this we provide new evidence that ALS risk genes are enriched with genes involved in ceramide metabolism (P=0.019, OR = 2.54, Fisher exact test). Ceramide is a product of SMase action upon sphingomyelin within MLRs, and it also has a role as a second messenger in intracellular signalling pathways important for neuronal survival. Genetic risk is necessarily upstream in a late age of onset disease such as ALS. We propose that manipulation of MLR structure and function should be a focus of future translational research seeking to ameliorate neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Moll
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K
| | - Jack N G Marshall
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K
| | - Nikita Soni
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K
| | - Sai Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, U.S.A
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, U.S.A
| | - Johnathan Cooper-Knock
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K
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27
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Zhao YW, Pan HX, Liu Z, Wang Y, Zeng Q, Fang ZH, Luo TF, Xu K, Wang Z, Zhou X, He R, Li B, Zhao G, Xu Q, Sun QY, Yan XX, Tan JQ, Li JC, Guo JF, Tang BS. The Association Between Lysosomal Storage Disorder Genes and Parkinson's Disease: A Large Cohort Study in Chinese Mainland Population. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:749109. [PMID: 34867278 PMCID: PMC8634711 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.749109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Recent years have witnessed an increasing number of studies indicating an essential role of the lysosomal dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease (PD) at the genetic, biochemical, and cellular pathway levels. In this study, we investigated the association between rare variants in lysosomal storage disorder (LSD) genes and Chinese mainland PD. Methods: We explored the association between rare variants of 69 LSD genes and PD in 3,879 patients and 2,931 controls from Parkinson’s Disease & Movement Disorders Multicenter Database and Collaborative Network in China (PD-MDCNC) using next-generation sequencing, which were analyzed by using the optimized sequence kernel association test. Results: We identified the significant burden of rare putative LSD gene variants in Chinese mainland patients with PD. This association was robust in familial or sporadic early-onset patients after excluding the GBA variants but not in sporadic late-onset patients. The burden analysis of variant sets in genes of LSD subgroups revealed a suggestive significant association between variant sets in genes of sphingolipidosis deficiency disorders and familial or sporadic early-onset patients. In contrast, variant sets in genes of sphingolipidoses, mucopolysaccharidoses, and post-translational modification defect disorders were suggestively associated with sporadic late-onset patients. Then, SMPD1 and other four novel genes (i.e., GUSB, CLN6, PPT1, and SCARB2) were suggestively associated with sporadic early-onset or familial patients, whereas GALNS and NAGA were suggestively associated with late-onset patients. Conclusion: Our findings supported the association between LSD genes and PD and revealed several novel risk genes in Chinese mainland patients with PD, which confirmed the importance of lysosomal mechanisms in PD pathogenesis. Moreover, we identified the genetic heterogeneity in early-onset and late-onset of patients with PD, which may provide valuable suggestions for the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong-Xu Pan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yige Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zheng-Huan Fang
- Centre for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Teng-Fei Luo
- Centre for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xun Zhou
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Runcheng He
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bin Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guihu Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qi-Ying Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin-Xiang Yan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie-Qiong Tan
- Centre for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jin-Chen Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Centre for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ji-Feng Guo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Centre for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bei-Sha Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Centre for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
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28
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Glycosphingolipid metabolism and its role in ageing and Parkinson's disease. Glycoconj J 2021; 39:39-53. [PMID: 34757540 PMCID: PMC8979855 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-021-10023-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that lysosomal glucocerebrosidase gene (GBA) variants are a risk factor for Parkinson’s disease (PD), with increasing evidence suggesting a loss of function mechanism. One question raised by this genetic association is whether variants of genes involved in other aspects of sphingolipid metabolism are also associated with PD. Recent studies in sporadic PD have identified variants in multiple genes linked to diseases of glycosphingolipid (GSL) metabolism to be associated with PD. GSL biosynthesis is a complex pathway involving the coordinated action of multiple enzymes in the Golgi apparatus. GSL catabolism takes place in the lysosome and is dependent on the action of multiple acid hydrolases specific for certain substrates and glycan linkages. The finding that variants in multiple GSL catabolic genes are over-represented in PD in a heterozygous state highlights the importance of GSLs in the healthy brain and how lipid imbalances and lysosomal dysfunction are associated with normal ageing and neurodegenerative diseases. In this article we will explore the link between lysosomal storage disorders and PD, the GSL changes seen in both normal ageing, lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) and PD and the mechanisms by which these changes can affect neurodegeneration.
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29
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Riboldi GM, Frattini E, Monfrini E, Frucht SJ, Fonzo AD. A Practical Approach to Early-Onset Parkinsonism. JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE 2021; 12:1-26. [PMID: 34569973 PMCID: PMC8842790 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-212815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Early-onset parkinsonism (EO parkinsonism), defined as subjects with disease onset before the age of 40 or 50 years, can be the main clinical presentation of a variety of conditions that are important to differentiate. Although rarer than classical late-onset Parkinson’s disease (PD) and not infrequently overlapping with forms of juvenile onset PD, a correct diagnosis of the specific cause of EO parkinsonism is critical for offering appropriate counseling to patients, for family and work planning, and to select the most appropriate symptomatic or etiopathogenic treatments. Clinical features, radiological and laboratory findings are crucial for guiding the differential diagnosis. Here we summarize the most important conditions associated with primary and secondary EO parkinsonism. We also proposed a practical approach based on the current literature and expert opinion to help movement disorders specialists and neurologists navigate this complex and challenging landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulietta M Riboldi
- The Marlene and Paolo Fresco Institute for Parkinson's and Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emanuele Frattini
- IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Milan, Italy.,Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation , University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Edoardo Monfrini
- IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Milan, Italy.,Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation , University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Steven J Frucht
- The Marlene and Paolo Fresco Institute for Parkinson's and Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alessio Di Fonzo
- IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Milan, Italy
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30
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Gordevicius J, Li P, Marshall LL, Killinger BA, Lang S, Ensink E, Kuhn NC, Cui W, Maroof N, Lauria R, Rueb C, Siebourg-Polster J, Maliver P, Lamp J, Vega I, Manfredsson FP, Britschgi M, Labrie V. Epigenetic inactivation of the autophagy-lysosomal system in appendix in Parkinson's disease. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5134. [PMID: 34446734 PMCID: PMC8390554 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25474-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract may be a site of origin for α-synuclein pathology in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). Disruption of the autophagy-lysosome pathway (ALP) may contribute to α-synuclein aggregation. Here we examined epigenetic alterations in the ALP in the appendix by deep sequencing DNA methylation at 521 ALP genes. We identified aberrant methylation at 928 cytosines affecting 326 ALP genes in the appendix of individuals with PD and widespread hypermethylation that is also seen in the brain of individuals with PD. In mice, we find that DNA methylation changes at ALP genes induced by chronic gut inflammation are greatly exacerbated by α-synuclein pathology. DNA methylation changes at ALP genes induced by synucleinopathy are associated with the ALP abnormalities observed in the appendix of individuals with PD specifically involving lysosomal genes. Our work identifies epigenetic dysregulation of the ALP which may suggest a potential mechanism for accumulation of α-synuclein pathology in idiopathic PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juozas Gordevicius
- Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Peipei Li
- Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Lee L Marshall
- Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Bryan A Killinger
- Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Graduate College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sean Lang
- Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Elizabeth Ensink
- Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Nathan C Kuhn
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Wei Cui
- Center for Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Nazia Maroof
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience Discovery, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roberta Lauria
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience Discovery, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christina Rueb
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience Discovery, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Juliane Siebourg-Polster
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Maliver
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jared Lamp
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Integrated Mass Spectrometry Unit, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Irving Vega
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Integrated Mass Spectrometry Unit, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Fredric P Manfredsson
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Parkinson's Disease Research Unit, Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Markus Britschgi
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience Discovery, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Viviane Labrie
- Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Division of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
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31
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Parkinson's Disease-Related Genes and Lipid Alteration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147630. [PMID: 34299248 PMCID: PMC8305702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a complex and progressive neurodegenerative disorder with a prevalence of approximately 0.5–1% among those aged 65–70 years. Although most of its clinical manifestations are due to a loss of dopaminergic neurons, the PD etiology is largely unknown. PD is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, and the exact interplay between genes and the environment is still debated. Several biological processes have been implicated in PD, including mitochondrial or lysosomal dysfunctions, alteration in protein clearance, and neuroinflammation, but a common molecular mechanism connecting the different cellular alterations remains incompletely understood. Accumulating evidence underlines a significant role of lipids in the pathological pathways leading to PD. Beside the well-described lipid alteration in idiopathic PD, this review summarizes the several lipid alterations observed in experimental models expressing PD-related genes and suggests a possible scenario in relationship to the molecular mechanisms of neuronal toxicity. PD could be considered a lipid-induced proteinopathy, where alteration in lipid composition or metabolism could induce protein alteration—for instance, alpha-synuclein accumulation—and finally neuronal death.
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32
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Chen YP, Gu XJ, Song W, Hou YB, Ou RW, Zhang LY, Liu KC, Su WM, Cao B, Wei QQ, Zhao B, Wu Y, Shang HF. Rare Variants Analysis of Lysosomal Related Genes in Early-Onset and Familial Parkinson's Disease in a Chinese Cohort. JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE 2021; 11:1845-1855. [PMID: 34250953 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-212658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic studies have indicated that variants in several lysosomal genes are risk factors for idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the role of lysosomal genes in PD in Asian populations is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze rare variants in lysosomal related genes in Chinese population with early-onset and familial PD. METHODS In total, 1,136 participants, including 536 and 600 patients with sporadic early-onset PD (SEOPD) and familial PD, respectively, underwent whole-exome sequencing to assess the genetic etiology. Rare variants in PD were investigated in 67 candidate lysosomal related genes (LRGs), including 15 lysosomal function-related genes and 52 lysosomal storage disorder genes. RESULTS Compared with the autosomal dominant PD (ADPD) or SEOPD cohorts, a much higher proportion of patients with multiple rare damaging variants of LRGs were found in the autosomal recessive PD (ARPD) cohort. At a gene level, rare damaging variants in GBA and MAN2B1 were enriched in PD, but in SCARB2, MCOLN1, LYST, VPS16, and VPS13C were much less in patients. At an allele level, GBA p. Leu483Pro was found to increase the risk of PD. Genotype-phenotype correlation showed no significance in the clinical features among patients carrying a discrepant number of rare variants in LRGs. CONCLUSION Our study suggests rare variants in LRGs might be more important in the pathogenicity of ARPD cases compared with ADPD or SEOPD. We further confirm rare variants in GBA are involve in PD pathogenecity and other genes associated with PD identified in this study should be supported with more evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ping Chen
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Gu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan-Bing Hou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ru-Wei Ou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling-Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kun-Cheng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei-Ming Su
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bei Cao
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qian-Qian Wei
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bi Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui-Fang Shang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Douglass ML, Beard H, Shoubridge A, Nazri N, King B, Trim PJ, Duplock SK, Snel MF, Hopwood JJ, Hemsley KM. Is SGSH heterozygosity a risk factor for early-onset neurodegenerative disease? J Inherit Metab Dis 2021; 44:763-776. [PMID: 33423317 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomal dysfunction may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Heterozygous mutations in the gene encoding the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GBA1) have been found in PD patients, and some but not all mutations in other lysosomal enzyme genes, for example, NPC1 and MCOLN1 have been associated with PD. We have examined the behaviour and brain structure of mice carrying a D31N mutation in the sulphamidase (Sgsh) gene which encodes a lysosomal sulphatase. Female heterozygotes and wildtype mice aged 12-, 15-, 18- and 21-months of age underwent motor phenotyping and the brain was comprehensively evaluated for disease-associated lesions. Heterozygous mice exhibited impaired performance in the negative geotaxis test when compared with wildtype mice. Whilst the brain of Sgsh heterozygotes aged up to 21-months did not exhibit any of the gross features of PD, Alzheimer's disease or the neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorders, for example, loss of striatal dopamine, reduced GBA activity, α-synuclein-positive inclusions, perturbation of lipid synthesis, or cerebellar Purkinje cell drop-out, we noted discrete structural aberrations in the dendritic tree of cortical pyramidal neurons in 21-month old animals. The overt disease lesions and resultant phenotypic changes previously described in individuals with heterozygous mutations in lysosomal enzyme genes such as glucocerebrosidase may be enzyme dependent. By better understanding why deficiency in, or mutant forms of some but not all lysosomal proteins leads to heightened risk or earlier onset of classical neurodegenerative disorders, novel disease-causing mechanisms may be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan L Douglass
- Childhood Dementia Research Group, Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Helen Beard
- Childhood Dementia Research Group, Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew Shoubridge
- Childhood Dementia Research Group, Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Nazzmer Nazri
- Childhood Dementia Research Group, Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Barbara King
- Childhood Dementia Research Group, Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Paul J Trim
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Mass Spectrometry Group, Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health Theme, SAHMRI, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Stephen K Duplock
- Mass Spectrometry Group, Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health Theme, SAHMRI, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Marten F Snel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Mass Spectrometry Group, Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health Theme, SAHMRI, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - John J Hopwood
- Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health Theme, SAHMRI, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kim M Hemsley
- Childhood Dementia Research Group, Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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34
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Shared genetic etiology between Parkinson's disease and blood levels of specific lipids. NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE 2021; 7:23. [PMID: 33674605 PMCID: PMC7935855 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-021-00168-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and the formation of Lewy bodies. The mechanisms underlying these molecular and cellular effects are largely unknown. Previously, based on genetic and other data, we built a molecular landscape of PD that highlighted a central role for lipids. To explore which lipid species may be involved in PD pathology, we used published genome-wide association study (GWAS) data to conduct polygenic risk score-based analyses to examine putative genetic sharing between PD and blood levels of 370 lipid species and lipid-related molecules. We found a shared genetic etiology between PD and blood levels of 25 lipids. We then used data from a much-extended GWAS of PD to try and corroborate our findings. Across both analyses, we found genetic overlap between PD and blood levels of eight lipid species, namely two polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA 20:3n3-n6 and 20:4n6), four triacylglycerols (TAG 44:1, 46:1, 46:2, and 48:0), phosphatidylcholine aa 32:3 (PC aa 32:3) and sphingomyelin 26:0 (SM 26:0). Analysis of the concordance—the agreement in genetic variant effect directions across two traits—revealed a significant negative concordance between PD and blood levels of the four triacylglycerols and PC aa 32:3 and a positive concordance between PD and blood levels of both PUFA and SM 26:0. Taken together, our analyses imply that genetic variants associated with PD modulate blood levels of a specific set of lipid species supporting a key role of these lipids in PD etiology.
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35
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Behl T, Kaur G, Fratila O, Buhas C, Judea-Pusta CT, Negrut N, Bustea C, Bungau S. Cross-talks among GBA mutations, glucocerebrosidase, and α-synuclein in GBA-associated Parkinson's disease and their targeted therapeutic approaches: a comprehensive review. Transl Neurodegener 2021; 10:4. [PMID: 33446243 PMCID: PMC7809876 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-020-00226-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Current therapies for Parkinson's disease (PD) are palliative, of which the levodopa/carbidopa therapy remains the primary choice but is unable to modulate the progression of neurodegeneration. Due to the complication of such a multifactorial disorder and significant limitations of the therapy, numerous genetic approaches have been proved effective in finding out genes and mechanisms implicated in this disease. Following the observation of a higher frequency of PD in Gaucher's disease (GD), a lysosomal storage condition, mutations of glycosylceramidase beta (GBA) encoding glucocerebrosidase (GCase) have been shown to be involved and have been explored in the context of PD. GBA mutations are the most common genetic risk factor of PD. Various studies have revealed the relationships between PD and GBA gene mutations, facilitating a better understanding of this disorder. Various hypotheses delineate that the pathological mutations of GBA minimize the enzymatic activity of GCase, which affects the proliferation and clearance of α-synuclein; this affects the lysosomal homeostasis, exacerbating the endoplasmic reticulum stress or encouraging the mitochondrial dysfunction. Identification of the pathological mechanisms underlying the GBA-associated parkinsonism (GBA + PD) advances our understanding of PD. This review based on current literature aims to elucidate various genetic and clinical characteristics correlated with GBA mutations and to identify the numerous pathological processes underlying GBA + PD. We also delineate the therapeutic strategies to interfere with the mutant GCase function for further improvement of the related α-synuclein-GCase crosstalks. Moreover, the various therapeutic approaches such as gene therapy, chaperone proteins, and histone deacetylase inhibitors for the treatment of GBA + PD are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India.
| | - Gagandeep Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Ovidiu Fratila
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
| | - Camelia Buhas
- Department of Morphological Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Bihor County, Romania
| | - Claudia Teodora Judea-Pusta
- Department of Morphological Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Bihor County, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Negrut
- Department of Psycho-Neuroscience and Recovery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
| | - Cristiana Bustea
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
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36
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Behl T, Kaur G, Fratila O, Buhas C, Judea-Pusta CT, Negrut N, Bustea C, Bungau S. Cross-talks among GBA mutations, glucocerebrosidase, and α-synuclein in GBA-associated Parkinson’s disease and their targeted therapeutic approaches: a comprehensive review. Transl Neurodegener 2021. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40035-020-00226-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractCurrent therapies for Parkinson’s disease (PD) are palliative, of which the levodopa/carbidopa therapy remains the primary choice but is unable to modulate the progression of neurodegeneration. Due to the complication of such a multifactorial disorder and significant limitations of the therapy, numerous genetic approaches have been proved effective in finding out genes and mechanisms implicated in this disease. Following the observation of a higher frequency of PD in Gaucher’s disease (GD), a lysosomal storage condition, mutations of glycosylceramidase beta (GBA) encoding glucocerebrosidase (GCase) have been shown to be involved and have been explored in the context of PD. GBA mutations are the most common genetic risk factor of PD. Various studies have revealed the relationships between PD and GBA gene mutations, facilitating a better understanding of this disorder. Various hypotheses delineate that the pathological mutations of GBA minimize the enzymatic activity of GCase, which affects the proliferation and clearance of α-synuclein; this affects the lysosomal homeostasis, exacerbating the endoplasmic reticulum stress or encouraging the mitochondrial dysfunction. Identification of the pathological mechanisms underlying the GBA-associated parkinsonism (GBA + PD) advances our understanding of PD. This review based on current literature aims to elucidate various genetic and clinical characteristics correlated with GBA mutations and to identify the numerous pathological processes underlying GBA + PD. We also delineate the therapeutic strategies to interfere with the mutant GCase function for further improvement of the related α-synuclein–GCase crosstalks. Moreover, the various therapeutic approaches such as gene therapy, chaperone proteins, and histone deacetylase inhibitors for the treatment of GBA + PD are discussed.
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37
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The Emerging Role of the Lysosome in Parkinson's Disease. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112399. [PMID: 33147750 PMCID: PMC7692401 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal function has a central role in maintaining neuronal homeostasis, and, accordingly, lysosomal dysfunction has been linked to neurodegeneration and particularly to Parkinson’s disease (PD). Lysosomes are the converging step where the substrates delivered by autophagy and endocytosis are degraded in order to recycle their primary components to rebuild new macromolecules. Genetic studies have revealed the important link between the lysosomal function and PD; several of the autosomal dominant and recessive genes associated with PD as well as several genetic risk factors encode for lysosomal, autophagic, and endosomal proteins. Mutations in these PD-associated genes can cause lysosomal dysfunction, and since α-synuclein degradation is mostly lysosomal-dependent, among other consequences, lysosomal impairment can affect α-synuclein turnover, contributing to increase its intracellular levels and therefore promoting its accumulation and aggregation. Recent studies have also highlighted the bidirectional link between Parkinson’s disease and lysosomal storage diseases (LSD); evidence includes the presence of α-synuclein inclusions in the brain regions of patients with LSD and the identification of several lysosomal genes involved in LSD as genetic risk factors to develop PD.
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38
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Ouled Amar Bencheikh B, Senkevich K, Rudakou U, Yu E, Mufti K, Ruskey JA, Asayesh F, Laurent SB, Spiegelman D, Fahn S, Waters C, Monchi O, Dauvilliers Y, Espay AJ, Dupré N, Greenbaum L, Hassin-Baer S, Rouleau GA, Alcalay RN, Fon EA, Gan-Or Z. Variants in the Niemann-Pick type C gene NPC1 are not associated with Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2020; 93:143.e1-143.e4. [PMID: 32371106 PMCID: PMC7302975 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Biallelic variants in NPC1, a gene coding for a lysosomal transmembrane protein involved in cholesterol trafficking, may cause Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC). A few cases of NPC1 variant carriers with Parkinson's disease (PD) have been reported. In addition, pathologic studies have demonstrated phosphorylated alpha-synuclein and Lewy pathology in brains of NPC patients. Therefore, we aimed to examine whether NPC1 genetic variants may be associated with PD. Full sequencing of NPC1 was performed in 2657 PD patients and 3647 controls from 3 cohorts, using targeted sequencing with molecular inversion probes. A total of 9 common variants and 126 rare variants were identified across the 3 cohorts. To examine their association with PD, regression models adjusted for age, sex, and origin were performed for common variants, and optimal sequence Kernel association test (SKAT-O) was performed for rare variants. After correction for multiple comparisons, common and rare NPC1 variants were not associated with PD. Our results do not support a link between heterozygous variants in NPC1 and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bouchra Ouled Amar Bencheikh
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Centre de Recherche, Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Konstantin Senkevich
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology and neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Uladzislau Rudakou
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eric Yu
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kheireddin Mufti
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jennifer A Ruskey
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology and neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Farnaz Asayesh
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology and neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sandra B Laurent
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology and neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Dan Spiegelman
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stanley Fahn
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cheryl Waters
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Oury Monchi
- Department of Neurology and neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yves Dauvilliers
- Department of Neurology, National Reference Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep Unit, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Alberto J Espay
- Department of Neurology, Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Nicolas Dupré
- Division of Neurosciences, CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lior Greenbaum
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Sharon Hassin-Baer
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Department of Neurology, The Movement Disorders Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Guy A Rouleau
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology and neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Roy N Alcalay
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edward A Fon
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology and neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ziv Gan-Or
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology and neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
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39
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Ruan Y, Zheng R, Lin ZH, Gao T, Xue NJ, Cao J, Tian J, Zhang BR, Pu JL. Genetic analysis of arylsulfatase A (ARSA) in Chinese patients with Parkinson's disease. Neurosci Lett 2020; 734:135094. [PMID: 32470555 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the arylsulfatase A (ARSA) variant c.899 T > C (p.L300S) was identified to be segregated with Parkinson's disease (PD) in one family of Japanese descent. And the variant c.1055A > G (p.N352S) of ARSA was reported as a risk reduction factor for PD in a Japanese population. To further investigate the relationship between ARSA and PD, we screened these two loci of the ARSA gene in 407 sporadic PD patients and 471 healthy controls from a Chinese Han population. However, we did not detect the ARSA p.L300S variant in either PD patients or healthy controls. Moreover, in case-control association analysis, the p.N325S variant showed no significant association with PD. Therefore, these results suggested that these ARSA variants may not be common genetic factors for sporadic PD in Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ruan
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Ran Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Lin
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Ting Gao
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Nai-Jia Xue
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Jin Cao
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Jun Tian
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Bao-Rong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.
| | - Jia-Li Pu
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.
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40
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Blumenreich S, Barav OB, Jenkins BJ, Futerman AH. Lysosomal Storage Disorders Shed Light on Lysosomal Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144966. [PMID: 32674335 PMCID: PMC7404170 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The lysosome is a central player in the cell, acting as a clearing house for macromolecular degradation, but also plays a critical role in a variety of additional metabolic and regulatory processes. The lysosome has recently attracted the attention of neurobiologists and neurologists since a number of neurological diseases involve a lysosomal component. Among these is Parkinson’s disease (PD). While heterozygous and homozygous mutations in GBA1 are the highest genetic risk factor for PD, studies performed over the past decade have suggested that lysosomal loss of function is likely involved in PD pathology, since a significant percent of PD patients have a mutation in one or more genes that cause a lysosomal storage disease (LSD). Although the mechanistic connection between the lysosome and PD remains somewhat enigmatic, significant evidence is accumulating that lysosomal dysfunction plays a central role in PD pathophysiology. Thus, lysosomal dysfunction, resulting from mutations in lysosomal genes, may enhance the accumulation of α-synuclein in the brain, which may result in the earlier development of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shani Blumenreich
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; (S.B.); (O.B.B.); (B.J.J.)
| | - Or B. Barav
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; (S.B.); (O.B.B.); (B.J.J.)
| | - Bethan J. Jenkins
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; (S.B.); (O.B.B.); (B.J.J.)
- Department of Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology, 82152 Planegg, Germany
| | - Anthony H. Futerman
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; (S.B.); (O.B.B.); (B.J.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-8-9342704; Fax: +972-8-9344112
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41
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Rivero-Ríos P, Romo-Lozano M, Fasiczka R, Naaldijk Y, Hilfiker S. LRRK2-Related Parkinson's Disease Due to Altered Endolysosomal Biology With Variable Lewy Body Pathology: A Hypothesis. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:556. [PMID: 32581693 PMCID: PMC7287096 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the gene encoding for leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are associated with both familial and sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD). LRRK2 encodes a large protein comprised of a GTPase and a kinase domain. All pathogenic variants converge on enhancing LRRK2 kinase substrate phosphorylation, and distinct LRRK2 kinase inhibitors are currently in various stages of clinical trials. Although the precise pathophysiological functions of LRRK2 remain largely unknown, PD-associated mutants have been shown to alter various intracellular vesicular trafficking pathways, especially those related to endolysosomal protein degradation events. In addition, biochemical studies have identified a subset of Rab proteins, small GTPases required for all vesicular trafficking steps, as substrate proteins for the LRRK2 kinase activity in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, it is crucial to evaluate the impact of such phosphorylation on neurodegenerative mechanisms underlying LRRK2-related PD, especially with respect to deregulated Rab-mediated endolysosomal membrane trafficking and protein degradation events. Surprisingly, a significant proportion of PD patients due to LRRK2 mutations display neuronal cell loss in the substantia nigra pars compacta in the absence of any apparent α-synuclein-containing Lewy body neuropathology. These findings suggest that endolysosomal alterations mediated by pathogenic LRRK2 per se are not sufficient to cause α-synuclein aggregation. Here, we will review current knowledge about the link between pathogenic LRRK2, Rab protein phosphorylation and endolysosomal trafficking alterations, and we will propose a testable working model whereby LRRK2-related PD may present with variable LB pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Rivero-Ríos
- Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine "López-Neyra", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain.,Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - María Romo-Lozano
- Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine "López-Neyra", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Rachel Fasiczka
- Department of Anesthesiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Yahaira Naaldijk
- Department of Anesthesiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Sabine Hilfiker
- Department of Anesthesiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States
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42
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Mutated ATP10B increases Parkinson's disease risk by compromising lysosomal glucosylceramide export. Acta Neuropathol 2020; 139:1001-1024. [PMID: 32172343 PMCID: PMC7244618 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-020-02145-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative brain disease presenting with a variety of motor and non-motor symptoms, loss of midbrain dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and the occurrence of α-synuclein-positive Lewy bodies in surviving neurons. Here, we performed whole exome sequencing in 52 early-onset PD patients and identified 3 carriers of compound heterozygous mutations in the ATP10B P4-type ATPase gene. Genetic screening of a Belgian PD and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) cohort identified 4 additional compound heterozygous mutation carriers (6/617 PD patients, 0.97%; 1/226 DLB patients, 0.44%). We established that ATP10B encodes a late endo-lysosomal lipid flippase that translocates the lipids glucosylceramide (GluCer) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) towards the cytosolic membrane leaflet. The PD associated ATP10B mutants are catalytically inactive and fail to provide cellular protection against the environmental PD risk factors rotenone and manganese. In isolated cortical neurons, loss of ATP10B leads to general lysosomal dysfunction and cell death. Impaired lysosomal functionality and integrity is well known to be implicated in PD pathology and linked to multiple causal PD genes and genetic risk factors. Our results indicate that recessive loss of function mutations in ATP10B increase risk for PD by disturbed lysosomal export of GluCer and PC. Both ATP10B and glucocerebrosidase 1, encoded by the PD risk gene GBA1, reduce lysosomal GluCer levels, emerging lysosomal GluCer accumulation as a potential PD driver.
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43
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Lee JS, Kanai K, Suzuki M, Kim WS, Yoo HS, Fu Y, Kim DK, Jung BC, Choi M, Oh KW, Li Y, Nakatani M, Nakazato T, Sekimoto S, Funayama M, Yoshino H, Kubo SI, Nishioka K, Sakai R, Ueyama M, Mochizuki H, Lee HJ, Sardi SP, Halliday GM, Nagai Y, Lee PH, Hattori N, Lee SJ. Arylsulfatase A, a genetic modifier of Parkinson's disease, is an α-synuclein chaperone. Brain 2020; 142:2845-2859. [PMID: 31312839 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in lysosomal genes increase the risk of neurodegenerative diseases, as is the case for Parkinson's disease. Here, we found that pathogenic and protective mutations in arylsulfatase A (ARSA), a gene responsible for metachromatic leukodystrophy, a lysosomal storage disorder, are linked to Parkinson's disease. Plasma ARSA protein levels were changed in Parkinson's disease patients. ARSA deficiency caused increases in α-synuclein aggregation and secretion, and increases in α-synuclein propagation in cells and nematodes. Despite being a lysosomal protein, ARSA directly interacts with α-synuclein in the cytosol. The interaction was more extensive with protective ARSA variant and less with pathogenic ARSA variant than wild-type. ARSA inhibited the in vitro fibrillation of α-synuclein in a dose-dependent manner. Ectopic expression of ARSA reversed the α-synuclein phenotypes in both cell and fly models of synucleinopathy, the effects correlating with the extent of the physical interaction between these molecules. Collectively, these results suggest that ARSA is a genetic modifier of Parkinson's disease pathogenesis, acting as a molecular chaperone for α-synuclein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sung Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Institute, and Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kazuaki Kanai
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Mari Suzuki
- Diabetic Neuropathy Project, Department of Sensory and Motor Systems, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan.,Department of Neurotherapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Woojin S Kim
- Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Han Soo Yoo
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - YuHong Fu
- Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Dong-Kyu Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Institute, and Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Chul Jung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Institute, and Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minsun Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Institute, and Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu Won Oh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Institute, and Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yuanzhe Li
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Nakatani
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tomoko Nakazato
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Satoko Sekimoto
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Manabu Funayama
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hiroyo Yoshino
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Kubo
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kenya Nishioka
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Sakai
- Department of Neurotherapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Morio Ueyama
- Department of Neurotherapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hideki Mochizuki
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - He-Jin Lee
- Departmen of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Glenda M Halliday
- Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Yoshitaka Nagai
- Department of Neurotherapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Phil Hyu Lee
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Seung-Jae Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Institute, and Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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44
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Smolders S, Van Broeckhoven C. Genetic perspective on the synergistic connection between vesicular transport, lysosomal and mitochondrial pathways associated with Parkinson's disease pathogenesis. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2020; 8:63. [PMID: 32375870 PMCID: PMC7201634 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-020-00935-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) and atypical parkinsonian syndromes (APS) are symptomatically characterized by parkinsonism, with the latter presenting additionally a distinctive range of atypical features. Although the majority of patients with PD and APS appear to be sporadic, genetic causes of several rare monogenic disease variants were identified. The knowledge acquired from these genetic factors indicated that defects in vesicular transport pathways, endo-lysosomal dysfunction, impaired autophagy-lysosomal protein and organelle degradation pathways, α-synuclein aggregation and mitochondrial dysfunction play key roles in PD pathogenesis. Moreover, membrane dynamics are increasingly recognized as a key player in the disease pathogenesis due lipid homeostasis alterations, associated with lysosomal dysfunction, caused by mutations in several PD and APS genes. The importance of lysosomal dysfunction and lipid homeostasis is strengthened by both genetic discoveries and clinical epidemiology of the association between parkinsonism and lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs), caused by the disruption of lysosomal biogenesis or function. A synergistic coordination between vesicular trafficking, lysosomal and mitochondria defects exist whereby mutations in PD and APS genes encoding proteins primarily involved one PD pathway are frequently associated with defects in other PD pathways as a secondary effect. Moreover, accumulating clinical and genetic observations suggest more complex inheritance patters of familial PD exist, including oligogenic and polygenic inheritance of genes in the same or interconnected PD pathways, further strengthening their synergistic connection.Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of PD and APS genes with functions in vesicular transport, lysosomal and mitochondrial pathways, and highlight functional and genetic evidence of the synergistic connection between these PD associated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Smolders
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, University of Antwerp - CDE, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerpen, Belgium
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Christine Van Broeckhoven
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, University of Antwerp - CDE, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerpen, Belgium.
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium.
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Baekelandt V, Lobbestael E, Xicoy H, Martens GJM. Editorial: The Role of Lipids in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:250. [PMID: 32265647 PMCID: PMC7105851 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Veerle Baekelandt
- Laboratory for Neurobiology and Gene Therapy, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Evy Lobbestael
- Laboratory for Neurobiology and Gene Therapy, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Helena Xicoy
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Gerard J M Martens
- Department of Molecular Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Elmatboly AM, Sherif AM, Deeb DA, Benmelouka A, Bin-Jumah MN, Aleya L, Abdel-Daim MM. The impact of proteostasis dysfunction secondary to environmental and genetic causes on neurodegenerative diseases progression and potential therapeutic intervention. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:11461-11483. [PMID: 32072427 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07914-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aggregation of particular proteins in the form of inclusion bodies or plaques followed by neuronal death is a hallmark of neurodegenerative proteopathies such as primary Parkinsonism, Alzheimer's disease, Lou Gehrig's disease, and Huntington's chorea. Complex polygenic and environmental factors implicated in these proteopathies. Accumulation of proteins in these disorders indicates a substantial disruption in protein homeostasis (proteostasis). Proteostasis or cellular proteome homeostasis is attained by the synchronization of a group of cellular mechanisms called the proteostasis network (PN), which is responsible for the stability of the proteome and achieves the equilibrium between synthesis, folding, and degradation of proteins. In this review, we will discuss the different types of PN and the impact of PN component dysfunction on the four major neurodegenerative diseases mentioned earlier. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed M Sherif
- Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, El-Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Dalia A Deeb
- Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, El-Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Amira Benmelouka
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Algiers, Sidi M'Hamed, Algeria
| | - May N Bin-Jumah
- Biology Department, College Of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Zoology, Science College, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
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Autophagy lysosomal pathway dysfunction in Parkinson's disease; evidence from human genetics. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2020; 73:60-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2019.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Potential therapeutic target for aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases: the role of acid sphingomyelinase. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:380-389. [PMID: 32203096 PMCID: PMC7156489 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-0399-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging, which is associated with age-related changes in physiological processes, is the most significant risk factor for the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Accumulating evidence has indicated that sphingolipids are significant regulators that are associated with pathogenesis in aging and several age-related neurodegenerative diseases. In particular, abnormal levels of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), one of the significant sphingolipid-metabolizing enzymes, have been found in the blood and some tissues under various neuropathological conditions. Moreover, recent studies have reported the importance of ASM as a critical mediator that contributes to pathologies in aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we describe the pathophysiological processes that are regulated by ASM, focusing on the age-related neurodegenerative environment. Furthermore, we discuss novel insights into how new therapeutics targeting ASM may potentially lead to effective strategies to combat aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
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Lysosomal Ceramide Metabolism Disorders: Implications in Parkinson's Disease. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9020594. [PMID: 32098196 PMCID: PMC7073989 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceramides are a family of bioactive lipids belonging to the class of sphingolipids. Sphingolipidoses are a group of inherited genetic diseases characterized by the unmetabolized sphingolipids and the consequent reduction of ceramide pool in lysosomes. Sphingolipidoses include several disorders as Sandhoff disease, Fabry disease, Gaucher disease, metachromatic leukodystrophy, Krabbe disease, Niemann Pick disease, Farber disease, and GM2 gangliosidosis. In sphingolipidosis, lysosomal lipid storage occurs in both the central nervous system and visceral tissues, and central nervous system pathology is a common hallmark for all of them. Parkinson’s disease, the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder, is characterized by the accumulation and aggregation of misfolded α-synuclein that seem associated to some lysosomal disorders, in particular Gaucher disease. This review provides evidence into the role of ceramide metabolism in the pathophysiology of lysosomes, highlighting the more recent findings on its involvement in Parkinson’s disease.
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Pathways of protein synthesis and degradation in PD pathogenesis. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2020; 252:217-270. [PMID: 32247365 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of protein aggregates in the brains of individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) in the early 20th century, the scientific community has been interested in the role of dysfunctional protein metabolism in PD etiology. Recent advances in the field have implicated defective protein handling underlying PD through genetic, in vitro, and in vivo studies incorporating many disease models alongside neuropathological evidence. Here, we discuss the existing body of research focused on understanding cellular pathways of protein synthesis and degradation, and how aberrations in either system could engender PD pathology with special attention to α-synuclein-related consequences. We consider transcription, translation, and post-translational modification to constitute protein synthesis, and protein degradation to encompass proteasome-, lysosome- and endoplasmic reticulum-dependent mechanisms. Novel findings connecting each of these steps in protein metabolism to development of PD indicate that deregulation of protein production and turnover remains an exciting area in PD research.
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