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Bergevin MD, Ng V, Ludwig A, Sadeghieh T, Menzies P, Mubareka S, Clow KM. A Scoping Review on the Epidemiology of Orthobunyaviruses of Canadian Public and Animal Health Relevance in the Context of Vector Species. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2024. [PMID: 38687337 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2023.0152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Mosquito-borne orthobunyaviruses are a growing priority for public and animal health in Canada. It is anticipated that disease incidence will increase due to a warming climate, given that habitats are expanding for reservoir hosts and vectors, particularly in Canada. Little is known about the ecology of primary vectors that perpetuate these orthobunyaviruses, including the viral transmission cycle and the impact of climatic and landscape factors. Methods: A scoping review was conducted to describe the current state of knowledge on the epidemiology of orthobunyaviruses relevant to Canada. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines was used to characterize studies focused on vector species. A literature search was conducted in six databases and gray literature. Eligible studies characterized orthobunyavirus epidemiology related to vector species, including viral competency, geospatial distributions, seasonal trends, and/or risk factors. Results: A total of 1734 unique citations were identified. Screening of these citations revealed 172 relevant studies, from which 87 studies presented primary data related to vectors. The orthobunyaviruses included Cache Valley virus (CVV), Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV), Snowshoe Hare virus (SHV), and La Crosse virus (LACV). Surveillance was the predominant study focus, with most citations representing the United States, specifically, LACV surveillance in Tennessee, followed by CVV and JCV in Connecticut. Orthobunyaviruses were detected in many mosquito species across multiple genera, with high vector specificity only being reported for LACV, which included Aedes triseriatus, Aedes albopictus, and Aedes japonicus. Peridomestic areas were positively associated with infected mosquitoes compared with dense forests. Orthobunyavirus infections, coinfections, and gut microbiota affected mosquito feeding and breeding behavior. Conclusion: Knowledge gaps included Canadian surveillance data, disease modeling, and risk projections. Further research in these areas, especially accounting for climate change, is needed to guide health policy for prevention of orthobunyaviral disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele D Bergevin
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Victoria Ng
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
- National Microbiology Laboratory Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Canada
| | - Antoinette Ludwig
- National Microbiology Laboratory Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, St. Hyacinthe, Canada
| | - Tara Sadeghieh
- Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Paula Menzies
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Samira Mubareka
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Katie M Clow
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
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Farrell S, Dates J, Ramirez N, Hausknecht-Buss H, Kolosov D. Voltage-gated ion channels are expressed in the Malpighian tubules and anal papillae of the yellow fever mosquito (Aedes aegypti), and may regulate ion transport during salt and water imbalance. J Exp Biol 2024; 227:jeb246486. [PMID: 38197515 PMCID: PMC10912814 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.246486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Vectors of infectious disease include several species of Aedes mosquitoes. The life cycle of Aedes aegypti, the yellow fever mosquito, consists of a terrestrial adult and an aquatic larval life stage. Developing in coastal waters can expose larvae to fluctuating salinity, causing salt and water imbalance, which is addressed by two prime osmoregulatory organs - the Malpighian tubules (MTs) and anal papillae (AP). Voltage-gated ion channels (VGICs) have recently been implicated in the regulation of ion transport in the osmoregulatory epithelia of insects. In the current study, we: (i) generated MT transcriptomes of freshwater-acclimated and brackish water-exposed larvae of Ae. aegypti, (ii) detected expression of several voltage-gated Ca2+, K+, Na+ and non-ion-selective ion channels in the MTs and AP using transcriptomics, PCR and gel electrophoresis, (iii) demonstrated that mRNA abundance of many altered significantly following brackish water exposure, and (iv) immunolocalized CaV1, NALCN, TRP/Painless and KCNH8 in the MTs and AP of larvae using custom-made antibodies. We found CaV1 to be expressed in the apical membrane of MTs of both larvae and adults, and its inhibition to alter membrane potentials of this osmoregulatory epithelium. Our data demonstrate that multiple VGICs are expressed in osmoregulatory epithelia of Ae. aegypti and may play an important role in the autonomous regulation of ion transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Farrell
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University San Marcos, 333 S. Twin Oaks Valley Road, San Marcos, CA 92096, USA
| | - Jocelyne Dates
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University San Marcos, 333 S. Twin Oaks Valley Road, San Marcos, CA 92096, USA
| | - Nancy Ramirez
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University San Marcos, 333 S. Twin Oaks Valley Road, San Marcos, CA 92096, USA
| | - Hannah Hausknecht-Buss
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University San Marcos, 333 S. Twin Oaks Valley Road, San Marcos, CA 92096, USA
| | - Dennis Kolosov
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University San Marcos, 333 S. Twin Oaks Valley Road, San Marcos, CA 92096, USA
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Rosser JI, Lavery OX, Christofferson RC, Nasoro J, Mutuku FM, LaBeaud AD. Top 5 Things Health Professions Students Should Know About Ecology and Waste Management. AMA J Ethics 2024; 26:E132-141. [PMID: 38306203 PMCID: PMC10894046 DOI: 10.1001/amajethics.2024.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
The environments in which we live affect individual and community risk for disease transmission and illness severity. Communities' and neighborhoods' waste stream management designs and health care organizations' spatial and structural architecture also influence individuals' and communities' pathogenic vulnerabilities and how well health sector industrial hygiene practices support them. This article describes a One Health approach to planetary environmental health and suggests strategies for implementing a One Health or Planetary Health approach in the context of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joelle I Rosser
- Infectious disease physician-researcher and epidemiologist at Stanford University in Stanford, California
| | - Orion X Lavery
- Aspiring architect interested in the impact of the built environment and housing construction on human health
| | - Rebecca C Christofferson
- Associate professor of infectious diseases and epidemiology at the School of Veterinary Medicine at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge
| | - Juma Nasoro
- Program manager of the Health and Environmental Research Institute
| | - Francis M Mutuku
- Public health entomologist, field epidemiologist, and senior lecturer in the Department of Environment and Health Sciences at the Technical University of Mombasa in Kenya
| | - A Desiree LaBeaud
- Professor in the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases at the Stanford University School of Medicine in Stanford, California
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4
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Shahab M, Aiman S, Alshammari A, Alasmari AF, Alharbi M, Khan A, Wei DQ, Zheng G. Immunoinformatics-based potential multi-peptide vaccine designing against Jamestown Canyon Virus (JCV) capable of eliciting cellular and humoral immune responses. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126678. [PMID: 37666399 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV) is a deadly viral infection transmitted by various mosquito species. This mosquito-borne virus belongs to Bunyaviridae family, posing a high public health threat in the in tropical regions of the United States causing encephalitis in humans. Common symptoms of JCV include fever, headache, stiff neck, photophobia, nausea, vomiting, and seizures. Despite the availability of resources, there is currently no vaccine or drug available to combat JCV. The purpose of this study was to develop an epitope-based vaccine using immunoinformatics approaches. The vaccine aimed to be secure, efficient, bio-compatible, and capable of stimulating both innate and adaptive immune responses. In this study, the protein sequence of JCV was obtained from the NCBI database. Various bioinformatics methods, including toxicity evaluation, antigenicity testing, conservancy analysis, and allergenicity assessment were utilized to identify the most promising epitopes. Suitable linkers and adjuvant sequences were used in the design of vaccine construct. 50s ribosomal protein sequence was used as an adjuvant at the N-terminus of the construct. A total of 5 CTL, 5 HTL, and 5 linear B cell epitopes were selected based on non-allergenicity, immunological potential, and antigenicity scores to design a highly immunogenic multi-peptide vaccine construct. Strong interactions between the proposed vaccine and human immune receptors, i.e., TLR-2 and TLR-4, were revealed in a docking study using ClusPro software, suggesting their possible relevance in the immunological response to the vaccine. Immunological and physicochemical properties assessment ensured that the proposed vaccine demonstrated high immunogenicity, solubility and thermostability. Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the strong binding affinities, as well as dynamic and structural stability of the proposed vaccine. Immune simulation suggest that the vaccine has the potential to effectively stimulate cellular and humoral immune responses to combat JCV infection. Experimental and clinical assays are required to validate the results of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shahab
- State key laboratories of chemical Resources Engineering Beijing University of chemical technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Sara Aiman
- Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Abdulrahman Alshammari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Post Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah F Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Post Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Metab Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Post Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abbas Khan
- Deparment of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China; School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City, Malaysia.
| | - Dong-Qing Wei
- Deparment of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Guojun Zheng
- State key laboratories of chemical Resources Engineering Beijing University of chemical technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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Liu Q, Zhang HD, Xing D, Jia N, Du YT, Xie JW, Wang M, Li CX, Zhao T, Jiang YT, Dong YD, Guo XX, Zhou XY, Zhao TY. The predicted potential distribution of Aedes albopictus in China under the shared socioeconomic pathway (SSP)1-2.6. Acta Trop 2023; 248:107001. [PMID: 37634685 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) is one of the 100 most invasive species in the world and represents a significant threat to public health. The distribution of Ae. albopictus has been expanding rapidly due to increased international trade, population movement, global warming and accelerated urbanization. Consequently, it is very important to know the potential distribution area of Ae. albopictus in advance for early warning and control of its spread and invasion. We randomly selected 282 distribution sites from 27 provincial-level administrative regions in China, and used the GARP and MaxEnt models to analyze and predict the current and future distribution areas of Ae. albopictus in China. The results showed that the current range of Ae. albopictus in China covers most provinces such as Yunnan and Guizhou Provinces, and the distribution of Ae. albopictus in border provinces such as Tibet, Gansu and Jilin Provinces tend to expand westwards. In addition, the potential distribution area of Ae. albopictus in China will continue to expand westwards due to future climate change under the SSP126 climate scenario. Furthermore, the results of environmental factor filtering showed that temperature and precipitation had a large effect on the distribution probability of Ae. albopictus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China; School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Heng-Duan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Dan Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Nan Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yu-Tong Du
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China; School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Jing-Wen Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Chun-Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Teng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yu-Ting Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yan-De Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Xin-Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Tong-Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China; School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China.
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Flandes X, Hansen CA, Palani S, Abbas K, Bennett C, Caro WP, Hutubessy R, Khazhidinov K, Lambach P, Maure C, Marshall C, Rojas DP, Rosewell A, Sahastrabuddhe S, Tufet M, Wilder-Smith A, Beasley DWC, Bourne N, Barrett ADT. Vaccine value profile for Chikungunya. Vaccine 2023:S0264-410X(23)00915-5. [PMID: 38407992 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.07.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) a mosquito-borne alphavirus is the causative agent of Chikungunya (CHIK), a disease with low mortality but high acute and chronic morbidity resulting in a high overall burden of disease. After the acute disease phase, chronic disease including persistent arthralgia is very common, and can cause fatigue and pain that is severe enough to limit normal activities. On average, around 40% of people infected with CHIKV will develop chronic arthritis, which may last for months or years. Recommendations for protection from CHIKV focus on infection control through preventing mosquito proliferation. There is currently no licensed antiviral drug or vaccine against CHIKV. Therefore, one of the most important public health impacts of vaccination would be to decrease burden of disease and economic losses in areas impacted by the virus, and prevent or reduce chronic morbidity associated with CHIK. This benefit would particularly be seen in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMIC) and socio-economically deprived areas, as they are more likely to have more infections and more severe outcomes. This 'Vaccine Value Profile' (VVP) for CHIK is intended to provide a high-level, holistic assessment of the information and data that are currently available to inform the potential public health, economic and societal value of vaccines in the development pipeline and vaccine-like products.This VVP was developed by a working group of subject matter experts from academia, non-profit organizations, public private partnerships, and multi-lateral organizations. All contributors have extensive expertise on various elements of the CHIK VVP and collectively aimed to identify current research and knowledge gaps.The VVP was developed using only existing and publicly available information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximena Flandes
- Department of Preventative Medicine and Population Health and University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Clairissa A Hansen
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Sunil Palani
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Kaja Abbas
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Clara Maure
- International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | - Marta Tufet
- Gavi the Vaccine Alliance, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - David W C Beasley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States; Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States.
| | - Nigel Bourne
- Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States.
| | - Alan D T Barrett
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States.
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Lippi CA, Mundis SJ, Sippy R, Flenniken JM, Chaudhary A, Hecht G, Carlson CJ, Ryan SJ. Trends in mosquito species distribution modeling: insights for vector surveillance and disease control. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:302. [PMID: 37641089 PMCID: PMC10463544 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05912-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Species distribution modeling (SDM) has become an increasingly common approach to explore questions about ecology, geography, outbreak risk, and global change as they relate to infectious disease vectors. Here, we conducted a systematic review of the scientific literature, screening 563 abstracts and identifying 204 studies that used SDMs to produce distribution estimates for mosquito species. While the number of studies employing SDM methods has increased markedly over the past decade, the overwhelming majority used a single method (maximum entropy modeling; MaxEnt) and focused on human infectious disease vectors or their close relatives. The majority of regional models were developed for areas in Africa and Asia, while more localized modeling efforts were most common for North America and Europe. Findings from this study highlight gaps in taxonomic, geographic, and methodological foci of current SDM literature for mosquitoes that can guide future efforts to study the geography of mosquito-borne disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine A Lippi
- Quantitative Disease Ecology and Conservation (QDEC) Lab, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32601, USA.
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32601, USA.
| | - Stephanie J Mundis
- Quantitative Disease Ecology and Conservation (QDEC) Lab, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32601, USA
| | - Rachel Sippy
- Quantitative Disease Ecology and Conservation (QDEC) Lab, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32601, USA
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - J Matthew Flenniken
- Quantitative Disease Ecology and Conservation (QDEC) Lab, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32601, USA
| | - Anusha Chaudhary
- Quantitative Disease Ecology and Conservation (QDEC) Lab, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32601, USA
| | - Gavriella Hecht
- Quantitative Disease Ecology and Conservation (QDEC) Lab, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32601, USA
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32601, USA
| | - Colin J Carlson
- Center for Global Health Science and Security, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sadie J Ryan
- Quantitative Disease Ecology and Conservation (QDEC) Lab, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32601, USA.
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32601, USA.
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8
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Liu H, Huang X, Guo X, Cheng P, Wang H, Liu L, Zang C, Zhang C, Wang X, Zhou G, Gong M. Climate change and Aedes albopictus risks in China: current impact and future projection. Infect Dis Poverty 2023; 12:26. [PMID: 36964611 PMCID: PMC10037799 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-023-01083-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Future distribution of dengue risk is usually predicted based on predicted climate changes using general circulation models (GCMs). However, it is difficult to validate the GCM results and assess the uncertainty of the predictions. The observed changes in climate may be very different from the GCM results. We aim to utilize trends in observed climate dynamics to predict future risks of Aedes albopictus in China. METHODS We collected Ae. albopictus surveillance data and observed climate records from 80 meteorological stations from 1970 to 2021. We analyzed the trends in climate change in China and made predictions on future climate for the years 2050 and 2080 based on trend analyses. We analyzed the relationship between climatic variables and the prevalence of Ae. albopictus in different months/seasons. We built a classification tree model (based on the average of 999 runs of classification and regression tree analyses) to predict the monthly/seasonal Ae. albopictus distribution based on the average climate from 1970 to 2000 and assessed the contributions of different climatic variables to the Ae. albopictus distribution. Using these models, we projected the future distributions of Ae. albopictus for 2050 and 2080. RESULTS The study included Ae. albopictus surveillance from 259 sites in China found that winter to early spring (November-February) temperatures were strongly correlated with Ae. albopictus prevalence (prediction accuracy ranges 93.0-98.8%)-the higher the temperature the higher the prevalence, while precipitation in summer (June-September) was important predictor for Ae. albopictus prevalence. The machine learning tree models predicted the current prevalence of Ae. albopictus with high levels of agreement (accuracy > 90% and Kappa agreement > 80% for all 12 months). Overall, winter temperature contributed the most to Ae. albopictus distribution, followed by summer precipitation. An increase in temperature was observed from 1970 to 2021 in most places in China, and annual change rates varied substantially from -0.22 ºC/year to 0.58 ºC/year among sites, with the largest increase in temperature occurring from February to April (an annual increase of 1.4-4.7 ºC in monthly mean, 0.6-4.0 ºC in monthly minimum, and 1.3-4.3 ºC in monthly maximum temperature) and the smallest in November and December. Temperature increases were lower in the tropics/subtropics (1.5-2.3 ºC from February-April) compared to the high-latitude areas (2.6-4.6 ºC from February-April). The projected temperatures in 2050 and 2080 by this study were approximately 1-1.5 °C higher than those projected by GCMs. The estimated current Ae. albopictus risk distribution had a northern boundary of north-central China and the southern edge of northeastern China, with a risk period of June-September. The projected future Ae. albopictus risks in 2050 and 2080 cover nearly all of China, with an expanded risk period of April-October. The current at-risk population was estimated to be 960 million and the future at-risk population was projected to be 1.2 billion. CONCLUSIONS The magnitude of climate change in China is likely to surpass GCM predictions. Future dengue risks will expand to cover nearly all of China if current climate trends continue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Liu
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong Province, 272033, People's Republic of China.
- Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| | - Xiaodan Huang
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong Province, 272033, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuxia Guo
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong Province, 272033, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong Province, 272033, People's Republic of China
| | - Haifang Wang
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong Province, 272033, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong Province, 272033, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanhui Zang
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong Province, 272033, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongxing Zhang
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong Province, 272033, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejun Wang
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250013, China.
| | - Guofa Zhou
- Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| | - Maoqing Gong
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong Province, 272033, People's Republic of China.
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Tong Y, Jiang H, Xu N, Wang Z, Xiong Y, Yin J, Huang J, Chen Y, Jiang Q, Zhou Y. Global Distribution of Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Impact Factors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4701. [PMID: 36981610 PMCID: PMC10048298 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Culex tritaeniorhynchus is the primary vector of Japanese encephalitis (JE) and has a wide global distribution. However, the current and future geographic distribution maps of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus in global are still incomplete. Our study aims to predict the potential distribution of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus in current and future conditions to provide a guideline for the formation and implementation of vector control strategies all over the world. We collected and screened the information on the occurrence of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus by searching the literature and online databases and used ten algorithms to investigate its global distribution and impact factors. Cx. tritaeniorhynchus had been detected in 41 countries from 5 continents. The final ensemble model (TSS = 0.864 and AUC = 0.982) indicated that human footprint was the most important factor for the occurrence of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus. The tropics and subtropics, including southeastern Asia, Central Africa, southeastern North America and eastern South America, showed high habitat suitability for Cx. tritaeniorhynchus. Cx. tritaeniorhynchus is predicted to have a wider distribution in all the continents, especially in Western Europe and South America in the future under two extreme emission scenarios (SSP5-8.5 and SSP1-2.6). Targeted strategies for the control and prevention of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus should be further strengthened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Tong
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Building 8, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Building 8, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Center for Tropical Disease Research, Fudan University, Building 8, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Honglin Jiang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Building 8, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Building 8, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Center for Tropical Disease Research, Fudan University, Building 8, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ning Xu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Building 8, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Building 8, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Center for Tropical Disease Research, Fudan University, Building 8, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhengzhong Wang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Building 8, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Building 8, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Center for Tropical Disease Research, Fudan University, Building 8, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Building 8, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Building 8, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Center for Tropical Disease Research, Fudan University, Building 8, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiangfan Yin
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Building 8, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Building 8, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Center for Tropical Disease Research, Fudan University, Building 8, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Junhui Huang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Building 8, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Building 8, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Center for Tropical Disease Research, Fudan University, Building 8, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yue Chen
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Qingwu Jiang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Building 8, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Building 8, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Center for Tropical Disease Research, Fudan University, Building 8, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yibiao Zhou
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Building 8, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Building 8, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Center for Tropical Disease Research, Fudan University, Building 8, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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10
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Laporta GZ, Potter AM, Oliveira JFA, Bourke BP, Pecor DB, Linton YM. Global Distribution of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in a Climate Change Scenario of Regional Rivalry. INSECTS 2023; 14:49. [PMID: 36661976 PMCID: PMC9860750 DOI: 10.3390/insects14010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Arboviral mosquito vectors are key targets for the surveillance and control of vector-borne diseases worldwide. In recent years, changes to the global distributions of these species have been a major research focus, aimed at predicting outbreaks of arboviral diseases. In this study, we analyzed a global scenario of climate change under regional rivalry to predict changes to these species' distributions over the next century. Using occurrence data from VectorMap and environmental variables (temperature and precipitation) from WorldClim v. 2.1, we first built fundamental niche models for both species with the boosted regression tree modelling approach. A scenario of climate change on their fundamental niche was then analyzed. The shared socioeconomic pathway scenario 3 (regional rivalry) and the global climate model Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Earth System Model v. 4.1 (GFDL-ESM4.1; gfdl.noaa.gov) were utilized for all analyses, in the following time periods: 2021-2040, 2041-2060, 2061-2080, and 2081-2100. Outcomes from these analyses showed that future climate change will affect Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus distributions in different ways across the globe. The Northern Hemisphere will have extended Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus distributions in future climate change scenarios, whereas the Southern Hemisphere will have the opposite outcomes. Europe will become more suitable for both species and their related vector-borne diseases. Loss of suitability in the Brazilian Amazon region further indicated that this tropical rainforest biome will have lower levels of precipitation to support these species in the future. Our models provide possible future scenarios to help identify locations for resource allocation and surveillance efforts before a significant threat to human health emerges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Z. Laporta
- Graduate Research and Innovation Program, Centro Universitario FMABC, Santo André 09060-870, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexander M. Potter
- One Health Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
- Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit, Smithsonian Museum Support Center, Suitland, MD 20746, USA
- Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution—National Museum of Natural History (NMNH), Washington, DC 20560, USA
| | - Janeide F. A. Oliveira
- Graduate Research and Innovation Program, Centro Universitario FMABC, Santo André 09060-870, SP, Brazil
- Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Campus Crajubar, Universidade Regional do Cariri, Crato 63105-010, CE, Brazil
| | - Brian P. Bourke
- One Health Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
- Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit, Smithsonian Museum Support Center, Suitland, MD 20746, USA
- Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution—National Museum of Natural History (NMNH), Washington, DC 20560, USA
| | - David B. Pecor
- One Health Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
- Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit, Smithsonian Museum Support Center, Suitland, MD 20746, USA
- Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution—National Museum of Natural History (NMNH), Washington, DC 20560, USA
| | - Yvonne-Marie Linton
- One Health Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
- Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit, Smithsonian Museum Support Center, Suitland, MD 20746, USA
- Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution—National Museum of Natural History (NMNH), Washington, DC 20560, USA
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11
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Hanafi-Bojd A, Sedaghat M, Omid F, Karimi M, Haghi S. Modelling the probability of presence of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Iran until 2070. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2023. [DOI: 10.4103/1995-7645.368017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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12
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Stein RA, Grayon A, Katz A, Chervenak FA. The Zika virus: an opportunity to revisit reproductive health needs and disparities. Germs 2022; 12:519-537. [PMID: 38021183 PMCID: PMC10660223 DOI: 10.18683/germs.2022.1357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
First isolated in 1947, the Zika virus was initially connected only to limited or sporadic human infections. In late 2015, the temporal clustering of a Zika outbreak and microcephaly in newborn babies from northeastern Brazil, and the identification of a causal link between the two, led to the characterization of the congenital Zika syndrome. In the wake of the epidemic, several countries from Latin America advised women to postpone pregnancies for periods ranging from six months to two years. These recommendations initiated critical conversations about the challenges of implementing them in societies with limited access to contraception, widespread socioeconomic inequalities, and high rates of unplanned and adolescent pregnancies. The messaging targeted exclusively women, despite a high prevalence of imbalances in the relationship power, and addressed all women as a group, failing to recognize that the decision to postpone pregnancies will impact different women in different ways, depending on their age at the time. Finally, in several countries affected by the Zika epidemic, due to restrictive reproductive policies, legally terminating a pregnancy is no longer an option even at the earliest time when brain malformations as part of the congenital Zika syndrome can be detected by ultrasonography. The virus continued to circulate after 2016 in several countries. Climate change models predict an expansion of the geographical area where local Zika transmission may occur, indicating that the interface between the virus, teratogenesis, and reproductive rights is a topic of considerable interest for medicine, social sciences, and public health for years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A. Stein
- MD, PhD, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 6 MetroTech Center, Brooklyn 11201, NY, USA
| | - Alexis Grayon
- NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 6 MetroTech Center, Brooklyn 11201, NY, USA
| | - Adi Katz
- MD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lenox Hill Hospital, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra Northwell, 110 E 77th Street, New York, NY, 10075, USA
| | - Frank A. Chervenak
- MD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lenox Hill Hospital, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra Northwell, 110 E 77th Street, New York, NY, 10075, USA
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13
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Scavo NA, Zecca IB, Sobotyk C, Saleh MN, Lane SK, Olson MF, Hamer SA, Verocai GG, Hamer GL. High prevalence of canine heartworm, Dirofilaria immitis, in pet dogs in south Texas, USA, with evidence of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes contributing to transmission. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:407. [PMID: 36329477 PMCID: PMC9635171 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05514-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The canine heartworm Dirofilaria immitis, a filarioid nematode of dogs and other carnivores, is widespread in the USA and the world. Over 20 different mosquito species serve as intermediate hosts of D. immitis, but their contribution to transmission varies according to factors like host feeding patterns, geographic locations and climatic conditions. The yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, is a competent vector of D. immitis but is often dismissed as a vector of veterinary relevance given its anthropophilic feeding behavior. We evaluated the prevalence of D. immitis in pet dogs along the USA-Mexico border and assessed whether Ae. aegypti in the area are naturally infected with heartworm and are potentially acting as a vector. Methods A total of 200 whole blood samples collected from pet dogs in the Lower Rio Grande Valley in south Texas from 2016 to 2019 were included in this study. Canine serum samples for D. immitis were tested using the DiroCHEK® Canine Heartworm Antigen Test Kit pre- and post-immune complex dissociations (ICD) and blood samples were tested using high-resolution melt (HRM) quantitative PCR (qPCR) and a probe-based qPCR. Additionally, mosquito specimens were collected and identified, and Ae. aegypti heads, abdomens and pools were tested using conventional PCR (cPCR) and HRM qPCR. Results Overall, heartworm prevalence in dogs aged > 6 months was 40.8% (64/157) when the results from all testing modalities were considered. Heartworm antigen was detected in 33.5% and 40.7% of the dogs using DiroCHEK® pre- and post-ICD, respectively. By molecular screening, 20.1% of dogs tested positive with probe-based qPCR, while only one tested positive with HRM qPCR. Of the Ae. aegypti abdomens from blood-fed Ae. aeygpti tested, 20 (21.7%) from mosquitoes that fed on dogs and four (7%) from those that fed on humans tested positive for heartworm. Among Ae. aegypti heads from blood-fed Ae. aeygpti, two (1.1%) were positive based on cPCR and four (2.5%) were positive based on HRM qPCR. No D. immitis DNA was detected in the 208 pools of whole bodies (358 individuals) of Ae. aegypti gravid females. Conclusions Our study highlights a high prevalence of heartworm in dogs in south Texas and provides evidence that Ae. aegypti could be contributing to heartworm transmission in canine populations in this region. Graphical Abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A. Scavo
- grid.264756.40000 0004 4687 2082Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA
| | - Italo B. Zecca
- grid.264756.40000 0004 4687 2082Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA
| | - Caroline Sobotyk
- grid.264756.40000 0004 4687 2082Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Meriam N. Saleh
- grid.264756.40000 0004 4687 2082Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA
| | - Sarah K. Lane
- grid.264756.40000 0004 4687 2082Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA
| | - Mark F. Olson
- grid.264756.40000 0004 4687 2082Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA
| | - Sarah A. Hamer
- grid.264756.40000 0004 4687 2082Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA
| | - Guilherme G. Verocai
- grid.264756.40000 0004 4687 2082Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA
| | - Gabriel L. Hamer
- grid.264756.40000 0004 4687 2082Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA
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14
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Abernathy HA, Hollingsworth BD, Giandomenico DA, Moser KA, Juliano JJ, Bowman NM, George PJ, Reiskind MH, Boyce RM. Prevalence of Knock-Down Resistance F1534S Mutations in Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) in North Carolina. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 59:1363-1367. [PMID: 35640258 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjac054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Knock-down resistance (kdr) mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene of Aedes species mosquitoes are biomarkers for resistance to pyrethroid insecticides. In the United States, few studies have reported kdr mutations among Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) populations. In this study, we sought to compare the presence of kdr alleles among Ae. albopictus mosquitoes collected from Fort Bragg and Wake County, North Carolina. We collected 538 Ae. albopictus mosquitoes, including 156 from 4 sites at Fort Bragg, North Carolina and 382 from 15 sites in Wake County, North Carolina to compare the prevalence of kdr mutations. Of those successfully sequenced, we identified 12 (3.0%) mosquitoes with kdr mutations, all of which were attributed to variants at position 1534 within domain 3. All mutations were found in mosquitoes collected at Wake County sites; no mutations were identified in collections from Fort Bragg. There was a focus of mutations observed at the Wake County sites with approximately 92% (11 of 12) of the mosquitoes with the mutation coming from one site, where kdr mutations represented 24.4% (11 of 45) of all mosquitoes collected. We observed highly focal resistance in a suburban area of Raleigh, which may be attributable to peri-domestic mosquito control activities that involve area dispersal of pyrethroid insecticides. More robust surveillance is needed to monitor the emergence and spread of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley A Abernathy
- Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | | | - Dana A Giandomenico
- Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kara A Moser
- Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jonathan J Juliano
- Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Natalie M Bowman
- Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Phillip J George
- Department of Public Health, United States Army, Fort Bragg, NC 28310, USA
| | - Michael H Reiskind
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Ross M Boyce
- Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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15
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Hopkins HK, Traverse EM, Barr KL. Chikungunya Encephalitis: an Inconsistently Reported Headache and Cause of Death in Patients with Pre-Existing Conditions. CURRENT TROPICAL MEDICINE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40475-022-00258-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AbstractChikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an alphavirus of the family Togaviridae with outbreaks occurring across Africa, Asia, parts of Europe, and South and Central America. There are three main lineages of CHIKV, including the West African lineage, the East Central South African (ECSA) lineage, and the Asian lineage. While CHIKV infection usually results in a self-limited febrile illness, there have been reports of concerning neurological manifestations, including encephalitis. Herein we discuss findings of over 700 cases of CHIKV encephalitis and risk factors for death. Additionally, we examined the genotypes of CHIKV associated with encephalitis and found that both the Asian and ECSA lineages were responsible for encephalitis but not the West African lineage. Protein analysis of consensus sequences of CHIKV strains associated with encephalitis identified mutations in the nsP1, nsP2, and nsP3 proteins. Reports and manuscripts of CHIKV encephalitis were inconsistent in reporting viral, demographic, and clinical features which complicated the delineation of risk factors associated with the disease and viral evolution. As climate change contributes to the range expansion of natural vectors, it is important for researchers and clinicians to consistently report patient and viral data to facilitate research and countermeasures for the ecology and epidemiology of CHIKV due to the lack of a targeted treatment or vaccine.
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16
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Agarwal A, Sarma DK, Chaurasia D, Maan HS. Novel molecular approaches to combat vectors and vector-borne viruses: Special focus on RNA interference (RNAi) mechanisms. Acta Trop 2022; 233:106539. [PMID: 35623398 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Vector-borne diseases, such as dengue, chikungunya, zika, yellow fever etc pose significant burden among the infectious diseases globally, especially in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Globalization, deforestation, urbanization, climate change, uncontrolled population growth, inadequate waste management and poor vector-management infrastructure have all contributed to the expansion of vector habitats and subsequent increase in vector-borne diseases throughout the world. Conventional vector control methods, such as use of insecticides, have significant negative environmental repercussions in addition to developing resistance in vectors. Till date, a very few vaccines or antiviral therapies have been approved for the treatment of vector borne diseases. In this review, we have discussed emerging molecular approaches like CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas-9, sterile insect technique (SIT), release of insects carrying a dominant lethal (RIDL), Wolbachia (virus transmission blocking) and RNA interference (RNAi) to combat vector and vector-borne viruses. Due to the extensive advancements in RNAi research, a special focus has been given on its types, biogenesis, mechanism of action, delivery and experimental studies evaluating their application as anti-mosquito and anti-viral agent. These technologies appear to be highly promising in terms of contributing to vector control and antiviral drug development, and hence can be used to reduce global vector and vector-borne disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Agarwal
- State Virology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal 462001, Madhya Pradesh, India.
| | - Devojit Kumar Sarma
- ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal 462030, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Deepti Chaurasia
- State Virology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal 462001, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Harjeet Singh Maan
- State Virology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal 462001, Madhya Pradesh, India
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17
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Comorbid conditions as risk factors for West Nile neuroinvasive disease in Ontario, Canada: a population-based cohort study. Epidemiol Infect 2022; 150:e103. [PMID: 35543409 PMCID: PMC9171902 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268822000887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
West Nile neuroinvasive disease (WNND) is a severe neurological illness that can result from West Nile virus (WNV) infection, with long-term disability and death being common outcomes. Although WNV arrived in North America over two decades ago, risk factors for WNND are still being explored. The objective of this study was to identify WNND comorbid risk factors in the Ontario population using a retrospective, population-based cohort design. Incident WNV infections from laboratory records between 1 January 2002 – 31 December 2012 were individually-linked to health administrative databases to ascertain WNND outcomes and comorbid risk factors. WNND incidence was compared among individuals with and without comorbidities using risk ratios (RR) calculated with log binomial regression. Three hundred and forty-five individuals developed WNND (18.3%) out of 1884 WNV infections. West Nile encephalitis was driving most associations with comorbidities. Immunocompromised (aRR 2.61 [95% CI 1.23–4.53]) and male sex (aRR 1.32 [95% CI 1.00–1.76]) were risk factors for encephalitis, in addition to age, for which each 1-year increase was associated with a 2% (aRR 1.02 [95% CI 1.02–1.03]) relative increase in risk. Our results suggest that individuals living with comorbidities are at higher risk for WNND, in particular encephalitis, following WNV infection.
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18
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Rupasinghe R, Chomel BB, Martínez-López B. Climate change and zoonoses: A review of the current status, knowledge gaps, and future trends. Acta Trop 2022; 226:106225. [PMID: 34758355 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs), especially those with zoonotic potential, are a growing threat to global health, economy, and safety. The influence of global warming and geoclimatic variations on zoonotic disease epidemiology is evident by alterations in the host, vector, and pathogen dynamics and their interactions. The objective of this article is to review the current literature on the observed impacts of climate change on zoonoses and discuss future trends. We evaluated several climate models to assess the projections of various zoonoses driven by the predicted climate variations. Many climate projections revealed potential geographical expansion and the severity of vector-borne, waterborne, foodborne, rodent-borne, and airborne zoonoses. However, there are still some knowledge gaps, and further research needs to be conducted to fully understand the magnitude and consequences of some of these changes. Certainly, by understanding the impact of climate change on zoonosis emergence and distribution, we could better plan for climate mitigation and climate adaptation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruwini Rupasinghe
- Center for Animal Disease Modeling and Surveillance (CADMS), Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Bruno B Chomel
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Beatriz Martínez-López
- Center for Animal Disease Modeling and Surveillance (CADMS), Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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19
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Lowe AM, Forest-Bérard K, Trudel R, Lo E, Gamache P, Tandonnet M, Kotchi SO, Leighton P, Dibernardo A, Lindsay R, Ludwig A. Mosquitoes Know No Borders: Surveillance of Potential Introduction of Aedes Species in Southern Québec, Canada. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10080998. [PMID: 34451462 PMCID: PMC8400959 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10080998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Current climatic conditions limit the distribution of Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse, Diptera: Culicidae) in the north, but predictive climate models suggest this species could establish itself in southern Canada by 2040. A vector of chikungunya, dengue, yellow fever, Zika and West Nile viruses, the Ae. Albopictus has been detected in Windsor, Ontario since 2016. Given the potential public health implications, and knowing that Aedes spp. can easily be introduced by ground transportation, this study aimed to determine if specimens could be detected, using an adequate methodology, in southern Québec. Mosquitoes were sampled in 2016 and 2017 along the main roads connecting Canada and the U.S., using Biogent traps (Sentinel-2, Gravide Aedes traps) and ovitraps. Overall, 24 mosquito spp. were captured, excluding Ae. Albopictus, but detecting one Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Skuse) specimen (laid eggs). The most frequent species among captured adults were Ochlerotatus triseriatus, Culex pipiens complex, and Ochlerotatus japonicus (31.0%, 26.0%, and 17.3%, respectively). The present study adds to the increasing number of studies reporting on the range expansions of these mosquito species, and suggests that ongoing monitoring, using multiple capture techniques targeting a wide range of species, may provide useful information to public health with respect to the growing risk of emerging mosquito-borne diseases in southern Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie Lowe
- Direction des Risques Biologiques et de la Santé au Travail, Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, 190 Boulevard Crémazie Est, Montréal, QC H2P 1E2, Canada; (A.-M.L.); (R.T.)
- Groupe de Recherche en Épidémiologie des Zoonoses et Santé Publique (GREZOSP), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montréal, 3200 Rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada; (S.-O.K.); (P.L.); (A.L.)
| | - Karl Forest-Bérard
- Direction des Risques Biologiques et de la Santé au Travail, Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, 190 Boulevard Crémazie Est, Montréal, QC H2P 1E2, Canada; (A.-M.L.); (R.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Richard Trudel
- Direction des Risques Biologiques et de la Santé au Travail, Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, 190 Boulevard Crémazie Est, Montréal, QC H2P 1E2, Canada; (A.-M.L.); (R.T.)
| | - Ernest Lo
- Bureau D’information et D’études en Santé des Populations, Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, 190 Boulevard Crémazie Est, Montréal, QC H2P 1E2, Canada; (E.L.); (P.G.); (M.T.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, 1020 Pine Ave. West, Montréal, QC H3A 1A2, Canada
| | - Philippe Gamache
- Bureau D’information et D’études en Santé des Populations, Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, 190 Boulevard Crémazie Est, Montréal, QC H2P 1E2, Canada; (E.L.); (P.G.); (M.T.)
| | - Matthieu Tandonnet
- Bureau D’information et D’études en Santé des Populations, Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, 190 Boulevard Crémazie Est, Montréal, QC H2P 1E2, Canada; (E.L.); (P.G.); (M.T.)
| | - Serge-Olivier Kotchi
- Groupe de Recherche en Épidémiologie des Zoonoses et Santé Publique (GREZOSP), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montréal, 3200 Rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada; (S.-O.K.); (P.L.); (A.L.)
- Public Health Risk Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, 3200 Rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Patrick Leighton
- Groupe de Recherche en Épidémiologie des Zoonoses et Santé Publique (GREZOSP), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montréal, 3200 Rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada; (S.-O.K.); (P.L.); (A.L.)
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montréal, 3200 Rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Antonia Dibernardo
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, 1015 Arlington St., Winnipeg, MB R3E 3M4, Canada; (A.D.); (R.L.)
| | - Robbin Lindsay
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, 1015 Arlington St., Winnipeg, MB R3E 3M4, Canada; (A.D.); (R.L.)
| | - Antoinette Ludwig
- Groupe de Recherche en Épidémiologie des Zoonoses et Santé Publique (GREZOSP), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montréal, 3200 Rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada; (S.-O.K.); (P.L.); (A.L.)
- Public Health Risk Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, 3200 Rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
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Petrić M, Ducheyne E, Gossner CM, Marsboom C, Nicolas G, Venail R, Hendrickx G, Schaffner F. Seasonality and timing of peak abundance of <em>Aedes albopictus</em> in Europe: Implications to public and animal health. GEOSPATIAL HEALTH 2021; 16. [PMID: 34000791 DOI: 10.4081/gh.2021.996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aedes albopictus is a known vector of dengue and chikungunya. Understanding the population dynamics characteristics of vector species is of pivotal importance to optimise surveillance and control activities, to estimate risk for pathogen-transmission, and thus to enhance support of public health decisions. In this paper we used a seasonal activity model to simulate the start (spring hatching) and end (autumn diapause) of the vector season. In parallel, the peak abundance of the species was assessed using both VectorNet field survey data complemented with field studies obtained from literature across the Mediterranean Basin. Our results suggest that spring hatching of eggs in the current distribution area can start at the beginning of March in southern Europe and in April in western Europe. In northern Europe, where the species is not (yet) present, spring hatching would occur from late April to late May. Aedes albopictus can remain active up to 41 weeks in southern Europe whilst the climatic conditions in northern Europe are limiting its potential activity to a maximum of 23 weeks. The peak of egg density is found during summer months from end of July until end of September. During these two months the climatic conditions for species development are optimal, which implies a higher risk for arbovirus transmission by Ae. albopictus and occurrence of epidemics.
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Groaz E, De Clercq E, Herdewijn P. Anno 2021: Which antivirals for the coming decade? ANNUAL REPORTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2021; 57:49-107. [PMID: 34744210 PMCID: PMC8563371 DOI: 10.1016/bs.armc.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite considerable progress in the development of antiviral drugs, among which anti-immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) medications can be considered real success stories, many viral infections remain without an effective treatment. This not only applies to infectious outbreaks caused by zoonotic viruses that have recently spilled over into humans such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), but also ancient viral diseases that have been brought under control by vaccination such as variola (smallpox), poliomyelitis, measles, and rabies. A largely unsolved problem are endemic respiratory infections due to influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and rhinoviruses, whose associated morbidity will likely worsen with increasing air pollution. Furthermore, climate changes will expose industrialized countries to a dangerous resurgence of viral hemorrhagic fevers, which might also become global infections. Herein, we summarize the recent progress that has been made in the search for new antivirals against these different threats that the world population will need to confront with increasing frequency in the next decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Groaz
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy,Corresponding author:
| | - Erik De Clercq
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Piet Herdewijn
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Corrin T, Ackford R, Mascarenhas M, Greig J, Waddell LA. Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus: A Scoping Review of the Global Evidence. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2020; 21:305-320. [PMID: 33332203 PMCID: PMC8086401 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2020.2671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) is a mosquito-borne virus that is primarily found in North America and the Caribbean. Over the past decade there has been an increase in virus activity, including large outbreaks in human and horse populations. Predicted climate change is expected to affect the range of mosquitoes including vectors of EEEV, which may alter disease risk posing a public health concern. Methods: A scoping review (ScR) was conducted to identify and characterize the global evidence on EEEV. A thorough search was conducted in relevant bibliographic databases and government websites. Two reviewers screened titles and abstracts for relevance and the characteristics of relevant articles were extracted using a uniformly implemented data collection form. The study protocol was developed a priori and described the methods and tools used and this article follows the PRISMA-ScR guidelines for reporting ScRs. Results: The ScR included 718 relevant research articles. The majority of the articles originated from North America (97%) between 1933 and 2019. EEEV has been identified in 35 species of mosquitoes, over 200 species of birds, various domestic animals, wild mammals, reptiles, and amphibians. Articles identified in this ScR primarily covered three topic areas: epidemiology of hosts and vectors (344 articles) including surveillance results (138), pathogenesis of EEEV in hosts (193), and in vitro studies characterizing EEEV (111). Fewer articles evaluated the accuracy of diagnostic tests (63), the efficacy of mitigation strategies (62), transmission dynamics (56), treatment of EEEV in hosts (10), societal knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions (4), and economic burden (2). Conclusion: With the projected impact of climate change on mosquito populations, it is expected that the risk of EEEV could change resulting in higher disease burden or spread into previously unaffected areas. Future research efforts should focus on closing some of the important knowledge gaps identified in this ScR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tricia Corrin
- Public Health Risk Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Canada
| | - Rachel Ackford
- Public Health Risk Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Canada
| | - Mariola Mascarenhas
- Public Health Risk Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Canada
| | - Judy Greig
- Public Health Risk Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Canada
| | - Lisa A Waddell
- Public Health Risk Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Canada
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