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Li J, Tian Z, Qi S, Zhang J, Li L, Pan J. Cardiovascular Response of Aged Outpatients With Systemic Diseases During Tooth Extraction: A Single-Center Retrospective Observational Study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:938609. [PMID: 35928496 PMCID: PMC9344048 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.938609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aged people are maintaining many natural teeth due to improved oral health. However, compromised general health and poor oral hygiene habits at earlier ages resulted in poor status of preserved teeth. Therefore, tooth extraction is required in many aged people. More knowledge is needed because there are many risk factors during the surgery in frail aged adults. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cardiovascular response of such a population during tooth extraction and analyze risk factors to provide clinical guidance. Methods A retrospective study was performed on aged patients with systemic diseases who underwent tooth extraction. Data regarding demographic profiles and cardiovascular parameters of heart rate and blood pressure were collected preoperative, when local anesthesia was administered, at the beginning of tooth extraction, 5 min after tooth extraction, and postoperative. The effects of risk factors, including age, sex, and systemic diseases on these parameters were analyzed with a multilevel model. Results Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of aged patients increased significantly when performing local anesthesia and tooth extraction. During the operation, the older patients (β = 2.011, P = 0.005) and the diabetics (β = 3.902, P < 0.0001) were associated with higher SBP, while those with more tooth extractions exhibited higher HR (β = 0.893, P = 0.007). Women patients showed both significantly elevated HR (β = 1.687, P < 0.0001) and SBP (β = 2.268, P < 0.0001). However, for coronary artery disease patients, HR (β = −2.747, P < 0.0001) and blood pressure [SBP (β = −4.094, P < 0.0001) and DBP (β = −0.87, P = 0.016)] were markedly lower than those of patients without a diagnosis of coronary artery disease. Conclusion Cardiovascular response of aged outpatients with systemic diseases during tooth extraction is quite significant. Age, sex, systemic diseases, and the number of tooth extraction could be risk factors closely associated with cardiovascular response. The findings might provide safety guidance for dentists on tooth extraction in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuqun Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiankang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Longjiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Longjiang Li
| | - Jian Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Jian Pan
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Alqahtani AS, Sharanesha RB, Gufran K, Alqhtani NR, Abushanan A, Alasqah M, Alsakr AM, Alkharaan H. Variation in Hemodynamic Characteristics during Periodontal Crown-Lengthening Surgical Procedure: An Uncontrolled Cohort Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10050919. [PMID: 35628056 PMCID: PMC9141731 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10050919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The purpose of this prospective study was to determine the changes in primary hemodynamic parameters and oxygen saturation in systemically healthy patients during the surgical procedure involving crown lengthening. (2) Methods: A total of 44 patients who required a crown-lengthening procedure in a single tooth in the maxillary arch were included in this study. Heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP) and oxygen saturation (SpO2) were measured in all the subjects at three different intervals: before injecting the anesthetic (T1), after the anesthetic injection (T2) and after the procedure (T3). Descriptive statistics were computed, and observations were recorded as mean and standard deviation (SD). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the mean observation within parameters at different time intervals. (3) Results: All primary hemodynamic parameters were increased in the T2 phase over T1 and decreased in the T3 phase over T2. However, SpO2 decreased in both the T2 and T3 phases compared to the initial T1 phase. No significant differences were observed among the primary hemodynamic variables. However, SpO2 showed a significant difference (p = 0.013) among the T1, T2 and T3 phases. (4) Conclusions: Further study with larger sample size is required in order to analyze the accurate hemodynamic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Saad Alqahtani
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.A.); (R.B.S.); (A.A.); (M.A.); (A.M.A.); (H.A.)
| | - Rajashekhara Bhari Sharanesha
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.A.); (R.B.S.); (A.A.); (M.A.); (A.M.A.); (H.A.)
| | - Khalid Gufran
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.A.); (R.B.S.); (A.A.); (M.A.); (A.M.A.); (H.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Nasser Raqe Alqhtani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Science, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Alwaleed Abushanan
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.A.); (R.B.S.); (A.A.); (M.A.); (A.M.A.); (H.A.)
| | - Mohammed Alasqah
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.A.); (R.B.S.); (A.A.); (M.A.); (A.M.A.); (H.A.)
| | - Abdulaziz Mohammad Alsakr
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.A.); (R.B.S.); (A.A.); (M.A.); (A.M.A.); (H.A.)
| | - Hassan Alkharaan
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.A.); (R.B.S.); (A.A.); (M.A.); (A.M.A.); (H.A.)
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Qin Z, Zhou C, Zhu Y, Wang Y, Cao H, Li W, Huang Z. Virtual Reality for Hypertension in Tooth Extraction: A Randomized Trial. J Dent Res 2021; 101:400-406. [PMID: 34825613 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211049393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tooth extraction is one of the most common causes of dental anxiety and pain, leading to the elevation of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR). Such effects may be exaggerated and cause life-threatening accidents in patients with hypertension. Therefore, the pain and anxiety management of these patients is imperative. Virtual reality (VR) has been demonstrated to be a distraction method to relieve anxiety and pain in clinical operations. Thus, we hypothesized that VR can control the elevation of BP and HR in patients with hypertension. In this study, 96 eligible patients with controlled hypertension who needed tooth extraction were randomized to the VR or standard care group by stratified randomization of anxiety grade and gender. Their BP and HR were dynamically monitored. The corresponding systolic and diastolic BP and HR values were selected when systolic BP was at the highest point of the process. BP was converted into mean arterial pressure (MAP) for comparison per the following formula: MAP = (systolic BP + 2 × diastolic BP)/3. Statistical analyses were by intention to treat and conducted in SPSS. Nonparametric rank sum tests were used to compare the difference of ΔMAP and ΔHR between the VR and standard care groups. Multivariate linear regression was applied to evaluate the effect of VR on ΔMAP and ΔHR. The results showed that the VR technique significantly decreased the elevation of MAP (P < 0.001) and HR (P < 0.001), and this effect was found even after adjusting for baseline characteristics and additional surgical procedures (ΔMAP, P < 0.001, R2 = 0.276; ΔHR, P < 0.001, R2 = 0.152). VR did not increase the incidence of adverse events (P = 0.677). In conclusion, the VR technique was effective in controlling BP and HR within an acceptable range and can help manage BP and HR during tooth extraction for patients with hypertension (Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2100042132).
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Qin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of General Dentistry, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - C Zhou
- Department of Emergency, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Y Zhu
- Clinical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of General Dentistry, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - H Cao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of General Dentistry, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - W Li
- Department of Critical Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Z Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of General Dentistry, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Comparison of the Effects of Articaine and Lidocaine Anesthetics on Blood Pressure after Maxillary Infiltration Technique: A Triple-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial. Int J Dent 2021; 2021:8894160. [PMID: 34497646 PMCID: PMC8419499 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8894160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many dental procedures begin with local anesthesia. Subsequent increase in blood pressure in healthy individuals commonly occurs and may be affected by several factors such as mental and physical stress, painful stimuli, and action of catecholamines present in local anesthetic solutions. The aim of the present study is to compare the effects of 4% articaine with 1 : 100000 epinephrine and 2% lidocaine with 1 : 80000 epinephrine on blood pressure after maxillary infiltration technique. Materials and Methods In this randomized clinical trial, 102 patients were randomly assigned into two groups. One group received 4% articaine with 1 : 100000 epinephrine and the other group received 2% lidocaine with 1 : 80000 epinephrine for local maxillary infiltration. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of both groups was determined twice: once before anesthetic injection and once 10 minutes after injection. The data were statistically analyzed using descriptive statistics, Shapiro–Wilks test, Levene test, chi-square test, independent t-test, and paired t-test. Results The mean systolic blood pressure after anesthetic injection in the articaine and lidocaine groups was 125.00 ± 5.67 and 123.16 ± 6.417 mmHg, respectively, showing no statistically significant difference (p=0.127). The mean diastolic blood pressure after injection was 85.02 ± 7.331 in the articaine group and 81.35 ± 12.815 mmHg in the lidocaine group. These values show no statistically significant difference (p=0.080). In both groups, the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures have increased significantly (p < 0.001). Conclusion Articaine can be regarded as a suitable alternative for lidocaine for maxillary local infiltration, as no significant difference was observed between the effects of the two anesthetic solutions on blood pressure.
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Analysis of Incident Reports of a Dental University Hospital. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18168350. [PMID: 34444100 PMCID: PMC8391597 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Incident reports are important for improving the quality and safety of medical care. Healthcare workers with less than one year of work experience have been reported to cause the most incidents, and the most common incident is “drug-related”. However, few studies have comprehensively analyzed incidents in dentistry, and the characteristics of dental incidents have not been understood. In this study, to understand the characteristics of dental incidents, we comprehensively analyzed 1291 incident reports submitted to the Tokyo Medical and Dental University Dental Hospital from April 2014 to March 2019. As a result, dental outpatient and dental wards had different types of incidents. In outpatient wards, incidents included many dentistry-specific incidents related to “procedures”. Among them, “poor physical condition of the patient during dental treatment” was the most common incident. In contrast, the most common incident from subjects with less than one year of work experience was “damage to soft tissues around the teeth”. Thus, to improve the quality and safety in dentistry, it is was considered necessary to analyze and understand the characteristics of dentistry-specific incidents and to take appropriate measures and educate dental professionals.
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Dissecting aneurysm as a differential diagnosis for subcutaneous emphysema. Am J Emerg Med 2020; 38:2476. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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The Japanese Society of Hypertension Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension (JSH 2019). Hypertens Res 2020; 42:1235-1481. [PMID: 31375757 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-019-0284-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 964] [Impact Index Per Article: 241.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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A Prospective, Randomized Double-Blinded Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Buffered Local Anesthetics in Infected and Inflamed Pulp and Periapical Tissues. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2020; 19:246-250. [PMID: 32346235 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-019-01188-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of sodium bicarbonate as an additive alkalizing agent to local anesthetic solutions in inflamed and infected pulpal and periapical tissues. Type of Study A prospective, randomized crossover double-blinded study was carried out in a university-affiliated hospital in Chennai. Materials and Methods A randomized crossover double-blinded study was designed wherein ninety-six patients were enrolled for the study. 1.8 ml of 2% lignocaine with 1:200,000 adrenaline was administered. The latency time period was found to be 5-10 min and extraction was attempted. During extraction, if the patient experienced pain, 0.5 ml of 8.4% sodium bicarbonate was injected into the previously injected local anesthesia site. A time period of 3 min was allowed for the alkalinization to occur. Extraction was carried out only when the patient did not complain of pain. Pain score was assessed before and after administration of 8.4% sodium bicarbonate using visual analog scale. Pulse rate at the baseline, before and after administration of 8.4% sodium bicarbonate, was recorded and the pain scale values were correlated with pulse rate. Results It was found that there was a significant decrease in pain after injecting buffered local anesthetics (p < 0.1). Pain score before injecting sodium bicarbonate was higher when compared to post-injection of sodium bicarbonate. There was also significant reduction in pulse rate following the administration of sodium bicarbonate. Conclusion Buffered 2% lignocaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine had early onset of anesthesia when compared to unbuffered form. Injecting 2% buffered lignocaine pain was significantly reduced during extraction in the teeth.
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Oliveira ACG, Neves ILI, Sacilotto L, Olivetti NQS, Santos-Paul MAD, Montano TCP, Carvalho CMA, Wu TC, Grupi CJ, Barbosa SA, Pastore CA, Samesima N, Hachul DT, Scanavacca MI, Neves RS, Darrieux FCC. Is It Safe for Patients With Cardiac Channelopathies to Undergo Routine Dental Care? Experience From a Single-Center Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e012361. [PMID: 31319747 PMCID: PMC6761655 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.012361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Brugada syndrome and long-QT syndrome may account for at least one third of unexplained sudden cardiac deaths. Dental care in patients with cardiac channelopathies is challenging because of the potential risk of life-threatening events. We hypothesized that the use of local dental anesthesia with lidocaine with and without epinephrine is safe and does not result in life-threatening arrhythmias in patients with channelopathies. Methods and Results We performed a randomized, double-blind pilot trial comparing the use of 2% lidocaine without a vasoconstrictor and with 1:100 000 epinephrine in 2 sessions of restorative dental treatment with a washout period of 7 days (crossover trial). Twenty-eight-hour Holter monitoring was performed, and 12-lead electrocardiography, digital sphygmomanometry, and anxiety scale assessments were also conducted at 3 time points. Fifty-six dental procedures were performed in 28 patients (18 women, 10 men) with cardiac channelopathies: 16 (57.1%) had long-QT syndrome, and 12 (42.9%) had Brugada syndrome; 11 (39.3%) of patients had an implantable defibrillator. The mean age was 45.9±15.9 years. The maximum heart rate increased after the use of epinephrine during the anesthesia period from 82.1 to 85.8 beats per minute (P=0.008). In patients with long-QT syndrome, the median corrected QT was higher, from 450.1 to 465.4 ms (P=0.009) at the end of anesthesia in patients in whom epinephrine was used. The other measurements showed no statistically significant differences. No life-threatening arrhythmias occurred during dental treatment. Conclusions The use of local dental anesthesia with lidocaine, regardless of the use of a vasoconstrictor, did not result in life-threatening arrhythmias and appears to be safe in stable patients with cardiac channelopathies. Clinical Trial Registration URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT03182777.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Guimarães Oliveira
- Unidade de Odontologia Instituto do Coracao Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
| | - Itamara Lucia Itagiba Neves
- Unidade de Odontologia Instituto do Coracao Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
| | - Luciana Sacilotto
- Nucleo Clinico-Cirurgico de Arritmias Cardiacas Instituto do Coracao Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
| | - Natália Quintella Sangiorgi Olivetti
- Nucleo Clinico-Cirurgico de Arritmias Cardiacas Instituto do Coracao Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
| | - Marcela Alves Dos Santos-Paul
- Unidade de Odontologia Instituto do Coracao Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
| | - Tânia Cristina Pedroso Montano
- Unidade de Odontologia Instituto do Coracao Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
| | - Cíntia Maria Alencar Carvalho
- Unidade de Odontologia Instituto do Coracao Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
| | - Tan Chen Wu
- Nucleo Clinico-Cirurgico de Arritmias Cardiacas Instituto do Coracao Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
| | - Cesar José Grupi
- Unidade de Eletrocardiografia Instituto do Coracao Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
| | - Sílvio Alves Barbosa
- Unidade de Eletrocardiografia Instituto do Coracao Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Pastore
- Unidade de Eletrocardiografia Instituto do Coracao Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
| | - Nelson Samesima
- Unidade de Eletrocardiografia Instituto do Coracao Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
| | - Denise Tessariol Hachul
- Nucleo Clinico-Cirurgico de Arritmias Cardiacas Instituto do Coracao Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
| | - Maurício Ibrahim Scanavacca
- Nucleo Clinico-Cirurgico de Arritmias Cardiacas Instituto do Coracao Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
| | - Ricardo Simões Neves
- Unidade de Odontologia Instituto do Coracao Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
| | - Francisco Carlos Costa Darrieux
- Nucleo Clinico-Cirurgico de Arritmias Cardiacas Instituto do Coracao Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
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Tang M, Hu P, Wang CF, Yu CQ, Sheng J, Ma SJ. Prediction Model of Cardiac Risk for Dental Extraction in Elderly Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases. Gerontology 2019; 65:591-598. [PMID: 31048587 DOI: 10.1159/000497424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the rapidly increasing population of elderly people, dental extraction in elderly individuals with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) has become quite common. The issue of how to assure the safety of elderly patients with CVDs undergoing dental extraction has perplexed dentists and internists for many years. And it is important to derive an appropriate risk prediction tool for this population. OBJECTIVES The aim of this retrospective, observational study was to establish and validate a prediction model based on the random forest (RF) algorithm for the risk of cardiac complications of dental extraction in elderly patients with CVDs. METHODS Between August 2017 and May 2018, a total of 603 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were used to create a training set. An independent test set contained 230 patients between June 2018 and July 2018. Data regarding clinical parameters, laboratory tests, clinical examinations before dental extraction, and 1-week follow-up were retrieved. Predictors were identified by using logistic regression (LR) with penalized LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) variable selection. Then, a prediction model was constructed based on the RF algorithm by using a 5-fold cross-validation method. RESULTS The training set, based on 603 participants, including 282 men and 321 women, had an average participant age of 72.38 ± 8.31 years. Using feature selection methods, 11 predictors for risk of cardiac complications were screened out. When the RF model was constructed, its overall classification accuracy was 0.82 at the optimal cutoff value of 18.5%. In comparison to the LR model, the RF model showed a superior predictive performance. The AUROC (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve) scores of the RF and LR models were 0.83 and 0.80, respectively, in the independent test set. The AUPRC (area under the precision-recall curve) scores of the RF and LR models were 0.56 and 0.35, respectively, in the independent test set. CONCLUSION The RF-based prediction model is expected to be applicable for preoperative clinical assessment for preventing cardiac complications in elderly patients with CVDs undergoing dental extraction. The findings may aid physicians and dentists in making more informed recommendations to prevent cardiac complications in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Tang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Hu
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cao-Feng Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuang-Qi Yu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Sheng
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shao-Jun Ma
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,
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Kimura Y, Tonami KI, Tsuruta J, Araki K. Rise of blood pressure value in young patients at first visit at a dental university hospital in Japan. J Dent Sci 2019; 14:93-98. [PMID: 30988885 PMCID: PMC6445975 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Hypertension is a risk factor for stroke and heart disease. Psycho-social reasons are thought to influence blood pressure fluctuation in the dental clinic, but no previous studies have investigated these relationships. In this study, we analyzed a correlation between patients' blood pressure values and their backgrounds. Materials and methods We measured blood pressure in 4990 outpatients at our hospital. After determining the age groups in which blood pressure deviated from national averages, patients were classified into the Hypertension group and Normal group. Differences between these groups with regard to the prevalence of systemic disease, dental history and reasons for dental consultation were analyzed. Results Average systolic blood pressure of males in their 20's, 30's, 40's and females in their 20's, 30's, 40's, 50's was significantly higher than national averages. In these age groups, disease prevalence was significantly higher in the Hypertension group than in the Normal group. Furthermore, the Hypertension group expressed psycho-social reasons for dental consultation more frequently than the Normal group. Conclusion Relatively younger patients tended to show higher systolic blood pressure. It was suggested that psycho-social backgrounds as well as medical causes influenced the blood pressure increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Kimura
- Oral Diagnosis and General Dentistry, Dental Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Tonami
- Oral Diagnosis and General Dentistry, Dental Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
| | - Jun Tsuruta
- Institution of Education, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
| | - Kouji Araki
- Educational System in Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
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Olmo González B, González-Martín MÁ, Olmo-Villaseca JM, Mañes-Medina A, Ribera-Uribe M. The Impact of Dental Treatments on Blood Pressure Variations. CUMHURIYET DENTAL JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.7126/cumudj.475503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Koga S, Seto M, Moriyama S, Kikuta T. Anxiety before dental surgery under local anesthesia: reducing the items on state anxiety in the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-form X. J Dent Anesth Pain Med 2017; 17:183-190. [PMID: 29090248 PMCID: PMC5647819 DOI: 10.17245/jdapm.2017.17.3.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is important to evaluate preoperative anxiety and prepare sedation when performing dental surgery under local anesthesia. Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) is useful for predicting preoperative anxiety. State anxiety is defined as a subjective feeling of nervousness. Reduction in the number of the state anxiety items (questions) will be clinically important in allowing us to predict anxiety more easily. METHODS We analyzed the STAI responses from 1,252 patients who visited our institution to undergo dental surgery under local anesthesia. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted for 9 groups comprising anxiety level determinations using the STAI; we then developed a coefficient of determination and a regression formula. We searched for a group satisfying the largest number of requirements for regression expression while setting any necessary conditions for accurately predicting anxiety before dental surgery under local anesthesia. RESULTS The regression expression from the group determined as normal for preoperative state anxiety was deemed the most suitable for predicting preoperative anxiety. CONCLUSIONS It was possible to reduce the number of items in the STAI by focusing on "Preoperative anxiety before dental surgery."
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayo Koga
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mika Seto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Moriyama
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Fukuoka University Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Kikuta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Wada M, Miwa S, Mameno T, Suganami T, Ikebe K, Maeda Y. A prospective study of the relationship between patient character and blood pressure in dental implant surgery. Int J Implant Dent 2016; 2:21. [PMID: 27807782 PMCID: PMC5093099 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-016-0054-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients often suffer from physical and mental stress in dental implant surgery. The aim of this prospective study is to investigate the relationship between patient character and blood pressure in dental implant surgery. Methods Fifteen patients were recruited for the present study. All patients had never received implant treatment in the past. To evaluate the patients’ personality trait, NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) was used. All patients answered 50 questions at the first visit and divided in five dimensions: neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. The index of physical stress was evaluated by blood pressure and pulse rate. Results Ten females and five males (mean 55.5 ± 10.6 years) were evaluated in this study. A significant positive correlation was found between elevation rate of diastolic blood pressure/mean blood pressure and neuroticism score (rs = 0.584, 0.526, p < 0.05). On the other hand, there was no significant correlation between systolic blood pressure elevation and neuroticism score. Conclusions In this limited study, there was significant correlation between neuroticism character and diastolic blood pressure or mean blood pressure rising in patients who received implant surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Wada
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Syunta Miwa
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Mameno
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tohru Suganami
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazunori Ikebe
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Maeda
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Kimura M, Takasugi Y, Hanano S, Terabe K, Kimura Y. Efficacy of intravenous sedation and oral nifedipine in dental implant patients with preoperative hypertension - a retrospective study of 516 cases. Int J Implant Dent 2016; 1:6. [PMID: 27747628 PMCID: PMC4981018 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-015-0004-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To examine the effects of intravenous sedation and oral nifedipine on blood pressure and pulse rate in patients with perioperative high blood pressure undergoing implant surgery, the clinical records of dental implant patients managed by intravenous sedation at our outpatient dental offices were retrospectively evaluated. Methods A total of 516 clinical charts were evaluated. The subjects were divided into two groups: a normotensive group with no history of hypertension and a hypertensive group with a history of hypertension. The patients in the hypertensive group were further divided into two subgroups: with or without nifedipine administration before operation. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse rate (PR), and rate pressure product (RPP) were assessed. Results In 30 patients (33%) of the hypertensive group, the high blood pressure on arrival obviously declined to around or less than 160 mmHg; in the remaining patients in the group who showed a mean SBP of 182.1 ± 13.8 mmHg on arrival, the blood pressure did not decrease after a 30-min rest. Oral nifedipine administered to the patients with sustained high blood pressure decreased SBP to 144.7 ± 23.1 mmHg in 28.1 ± 9.3 min after administration, comparable to that in hypertensive patients without nifedipine. Conclusions For patients with stage 2 hypertension before operation, it may be difficult to maintain the recommended blood pressure during surgery by only intravenous sedation; reduction of blood pressure by antihypertensive drugs may be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoshi Kimura
- Hanano Dental Clinic, 4-2-3 Yamanoue, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0047, Japan.
| | - Yoshihiro Takasugi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Hanano
- Hanano Dental Clinic, 4-2-3 Yamanoue, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0047, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Terabe
- Terabe Dental Clinic, 4-249 Sakae-cho, Tsu, Mie, 514-0004, Japan
| | - Yuko Kimura
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
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Piskin B, Karakoc O, Emir F, Uyar A, Sipahi C, Tasci C, Açıkel C, Sevketbeyoglu H. Can Impression Procedures Affect Certain Vital Functions of Edentulous Patients? A Clinical Study. J Prosthodont 2015; 25:196-201. [DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bulent Piskin
- Department of Prosthodontics; Gulhane Military Medical Academy; Ankara Turkey
| | - Omer Karakoc
- Department of Otolaryngology; Gulhane Military Medical Academy; Ankara Turkey
| | - Faruk Emir
- Department of Prosthodontics; Gulhane Military Medical Academy; Ankara Turkey
| | - Alper Uyar
- Department of Prosthodontics; Gulhane Military Medical Academy; Ankara Turkey
| | - Cumhur Sipahi
- Department of Prosthodontics; Gulhane Military Medical Academy; Ankara Turkey
| | - Canturk Tasci
- Department of Chest Diseases; Gulhane Military Medical Academy; Ankara Turkey
| | - Cengizhan Açıkel
- Department of Biostatistics; Gulhane Military Medical Academy; Ankara Turkey
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17
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Agani ZB, Benedetti A, Krasniqi VH, Ahmedi J, Sejfija Z, Loxha MP, Murtezani A, Rexhepi AN, Ibraimi Z. Cortisol level and hemodynamic changes during tooth extraction at hypertensive and normotensive patients. Med Arch 2015; 69:117-22. [PMID: 26005263 PMCID: PMC4429991 DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2015.117-122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The patients that are subjects to oral-surgical interventions produce large amounts of steroids in comparison with healthy patients which are not a subject to any dental intervention. The aim of research was to determine the level of stress hormone cortisol in serum, arterial blood pressure and arterial pulse, and to compare the effectiveness of the usage of lidocaine with adrenalin in comparison with lidocaine without adrenalin during the tooth extraction. Patients and methods: This clinical research includes patients with indication of tooth extraction divided in hypertensive and normotensive patients. Results: There is no important statistical distinction between groups, for the cortisol levels before, during and after tooth extraction regardless of the type of anesthetic used, while we registered higher values of systolic and diastolic values at hypertensive patients, regardless of the type of anesthetic Conclusion: There is significant systolic and diastolic blood pressure rise in both groups of patients hypertensive and normotensive patients, (regardless of anesthetic used with or without vasoconstrictor), who underwent tooth extraction. The special emphasize is attributed to hypertensive patients where these changes are more significant. As per cortisol level and pulse rate, our results indicate no significant statistical difference in between groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zana Bajrami Agani
- Department of Oral Surgery, Clinical Dentistry University Center of Kosova
| | | | | | - Jehona Ahmedi
- Department of Oral Surgery, Clinical Dentistry University Center of Kosova
| | - Zana Sejfija
- Department of Oral Surgery, Clinical Dentistry University Center of Kosova
| | | | - Arben Murtezani
- Department of Oral Surgery, Clinical Dentistry University Center of Kosova
| | | | - Zana Ibraimi
- Department of Pharmacy, Clinical University Center of Kosova
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Chapter 12. Hypertension under special conditions. Hypertens Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1038/hr.2014.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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20
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Japanese Society of Hypertension Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension (JSH 2004). Hypertens Res 2006; 29 Suppl:S1-105. [PMID: 17366911 DOI: 10.1291/hypres.29.s1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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21
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Kuang F, Wang BR, Zhang P, Fei LL, Jia Y, Duan XL, Wang X, Xu Z, Li GL, Jiao XY, Ju G. Extravasation of blood-borne immunoglobulin G through blood-brain barrier during adrenaline-induced transient hypertension in the rat. Int J Neurosci 2004; 114:575-91. [PMID: 15204054 DOI: 10.1080/00207450490422731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The effect of transient hypertension on blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, particularly on extravasation of immunoglobulin G (IgG), has not been fully understood. In the present experiment, we investigated the time course of endogenous albumin and IgG extravasation through BBB and the localization of extravasated IgG in brain parenchyma during adrenaline(AD)-induced transient hypertension in the rat by using Evans blue fluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot. The results showed that a bolus injection of AD (10 microg/kg) induced a transient elevation of arterial pressure lasting about 1 min. The endogenous albumin and IgG entered the brain parenchyma via BBB only when hypertension occurred. Electron microscopically, the IgG-like immunoreactivities were predominantly seen in the cytoplasm of endothelia of capillaries, pericytes, extracellular space of parenchyma, and the cytoplasm of glial cells. The results suggest that circulating IgG or antibodies might contact the structures of brain parenchyma through passage of BBB when its permeability is temporally changed by transient hypertension. This phenomenon implies a possible mechanism of pathogenesis for immune-mediated diseases in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Kuang
- Institute of Neurosciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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Matsumura K, Miura K, Kurokawa H, Abe I, Takata Y. Lack of association between QT dispersion and blood pressure response during dental surgery. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2001; 28:748-51. [PMID: 11553035 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1681.2001.03514.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
1. It is well known that dental surgery induces increases in blood pressure. However, the factors influencing this increase are not yet fully understood. We have determined the relationship between QTc (= QT/RR(1/2), with RR being the R-R interval in seconds) dispersion, measured with a 12-lead surface electrocardiogram, and changes in blood pressure during tooth extraction. 2. Both QTc dispersion and the power spectrum of R-R variability were determined before the dental surgery was undertaken. The low-frequency (LF; 0.041-0.140 Hz), high- frequency (HF; 0.140-0.500 Hz) and total spectral powers (TF; 0.000-4.000 Hz) were calculated and the ratio of LF to HF and the percentage of HF relative to TF (%HF; HF/TF x 100) were used as indices of sympathovagal balance and parasympathetic activities, respectively. 3. In the present study, QTc dispersion failed to correlate with LF/HF and %HF. Systolic blood pressure and pulse rate increased significantly during tooth extraction; however, changes in these variables failed to correlate with QTc dispersion. 4. These results suggest that QTc dispersion is not associated with the power spectrum of R-R variability and that it does not affect the blood pressure response during tooth extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Matsumura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyushu Dental College, Kitakyushu, Japan.
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Nakamura Y, Matsumura K, Miura K, Kurokawa H, Abe I, Takata Y. Cardiovascular and sympathetic responses to dental surgery with local anesthesia. Hypertens Res 2001; 24:209-14. [PMID: 11409642 DOI: 10.1291/hypres.24.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We investigated changes in blood pressure and blood variables, including plasma catecholamines, serum glucose and insulin concentrations, during dental surgery. The study included 11 normotensive patients (age, 22.5+/-0.7 years) who underwent tooth extraction at Kyushu Dental College Hospital. Three to 7 days prior to dental surgery, blood pressure, pulse rate, and heart rate variability were measured every 30 min over 24 h. The low frequency (LF: 0.05 to 0.15 Hz) and high frequency (HF: 0.15 to 0.40 Hz) powers were calculated, and the ratio of LF to HF (LF/HF) and HF were used as indexes of sympathetic and parasympathetic activities, respectively. Lidocaine, 2% with epinephrine (1:80,000), was used as the local anesthetic for all patients. Systolic blood pressures significantly increased during dental surgery (+10.8+/-3.5 mmHg); however, this increase failed to correlate not only with baseline systolic blood pressure but with 24-h averaged blood pressures, LF/HF or HF. On the other hand, plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine concentrations increased during dental surgery, and peak values of these variables were obtained after local anesthesia and during tooth extraction, respectively. Serum glucose level increased after local anesthesia (control vs. local anesthesia: 5.16+/-0.11 vs. 5.62+/-0.10 mmol/l; p<0.01); however, plasma insulin concentrations did not change significantly. These results suggest that 1) ambulatory measurements of blood pressure and heart rate variability over 24 h cannot predict the responses of blood pressure during dental surgery, and that 2) administration of local anesthetic and tooth extraction activate sympathoadrenal outflow, resulting in an increase in serum glucose level in normotensive subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Nakamura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyushu Dental College, Kitakyushu, Japan
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Kozer E, Lahat E, Berkovitch M. Hypertension and abdominal pain: uncommon presentation after exposure to a pine caterpillar. Toxicon 1999; 37:1797-801. [PMID: 10519656 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-0101(99)00121-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The pine caterpillar Thaumatopoea wilkinsoni is found in pine woods all over Israel. Contact with its hair usually results in local reactions. Systemic reactions after contact with caterpillar hairs are known in other caterpillar species, but have been described only once after contact with T. wilkinsoni. We describe a group of adolescents who were exposed to T. wilkinsoni while camping in a pine wood. Three of them were referred to an emergency department. They had severe pruritus, pain and edema at the contact sites, with papular and urticarial rashes. Two of the patients had abdominal pain and one patient had hypertension for several hours. The hypertension resolved spontaneously. CONCLUSION Skin eruptions are the most common manifestations of T. wilkinsoni contact, however, although systemic manifestations are rare, abdominal pain and hypertension may occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kozer
- Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
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Abstract
Changes in mean heart rate and in mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure are induced by both the patient's anticipation of scheduled treatment and the actual dental treatment. Most of these changes are within the normal physiological variations, but significant changes are observed before administration of a local anaesthetic, during subgingival debridement and during extractions. Individual changes in heart rate and blood pressure are affected by age, gender, hypertension and previous dental experience. Pain also plays an important role in the cardiovascular response during dental treatment, which stresses the need for adequate analgesia. For this purpose, local anaesthetics with low concentrations of epinephrine seem preferable. They induce less pronounced cardiovascular responses than local anaesthetics with higher concentrations of epinephrine or without epinephrine. The changes in heart rate and blood pressure that occur in the dentist during the treatment are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Brand
- Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam ACTA, Department of Oral Biochemistry, The Netherlands.
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