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Marthy B, Bénéfice M, Baffou G. Single-shot quantitative phase-fluorescence imaging using cross-grating wavefront microscopy. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2142. [PMID: 38273005 PMCID: PMC10810858 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52510-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The article introduces an optical microscopy technique capable of simultaneously acquiring quantitative fluorescence and phase (or equivalently wavefront) images with a single camera sensor, avoiding any delay between both images, or registration of images acquired separately. The method is based on the use of a 2-dimensional diffraction grating (aka cross-grating) positioned at a millimeter distance from a 2-color camera. Fluorescence and wavefront images are extracted from the two color channels of the camera, and retrieved by image demodulation. The applicability of the method is illustrated on various samples, namely fluorescent micro-beads, bacteria and mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Marthy
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, Centrale Med, Marseille, France
| | - Maëlle Bénéfice
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, Centrale Med, Marseille, France
| | - Guillaume Baffou
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, Centrale Med, Marseille, France.
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2
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Luo R, Cao M, Liu X, Yuan X. Snapshot compressive structured illumination microscopy. OPTICS LETTERS 2024; 49:186-189. [PMID: 38194524 DOI: 10.1364/ol.505657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
We propose a snapshot compressive structured illumination microscopy (SoSIM) system to increase the number of reconstructed resolution-enhanced (RE) images per second and reduce the data bandwidth by capturing compressed measurements. In this system, multiple low-resolution images are encoded by a high-speed digital micro-mirror device with random binary masks. These images are then captured by a low-speed camera as a snapshot compressed measurement. Following this, we adopt an efficient deep neural network to reconstruct nine images with different structured illumination patterns from a single measurement. The reconstructed images are then combined into a single-frame RE image using the method of spectral synthesis in the frequency domain. When the camera operates at 100 frames per second (fps), we can eventually recover dynamic RE videos at the same speed with 100 fps.
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3
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Liu R, Wen K, Li J, Ma Y, Zheng J, An S, Min J, Zalevsky Z, Yao B, Gao P. Multi-harmonic structured illumination-based optical diffraction tomography. APPLIED OPTICS 2023; 62:9199-9206. [PMID: 38108690 DOI: 10.1364/ao.508138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Imaging speed and spatial resolution are key factors in optical diffraction tomography (ODT), while they are mutually exclusive in 3D refractive index imaging. This paper presents a multi-harmonic structured illumination-based optical diffraction tomography (MHSI-ODT) to acquire 3D refractive index (RI) maps of transparent samples. MHSI-ODT utilizes a digital micromirror device (DMD) to generate structured illumination containing multiple harmonics. For each structured illumination orientation, four spherical spectral crowns are solved from five phase-shifted holograms, meaning that the acquisition of each spectral crown costs 1.25 raw images. Compared to conventional SI-ODT, which retrieves two spectral crowns from three phase-shifted raw images, MHSI-ODT enhances the imaging speed by 16.7% in 3D RI imaging. Meanwhile, MHSI-ODT exploits both the 1st-order and the 2nd-order harmonics; therefore, it has a better intensity utilization of structured illumination. We demonstrated the performance of MHSI-ODT by rendering the 3D RI distributions of 5 µm polystyrene (PS) microspheres and biological samples.
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Shanmugavel SC, Zhu Y. Structured illumination contrast transfer function for high resolution quantitative phase imaging. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:40151-40165. [PMID: 38041322 DOI: 10.1364/oe.504961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
We report a sub-diffraction resolution imaging of non-fluorescent samples through quantitative phase imaging. This is achieved through a novel application of structured illumination microscopy (SIM), a super-resolution imaging technique established primarily for fluorescence microscopy. Utilizing our contrast transfer function formalism with SIM, we extract the high spatial frequency components of the phase profile from the defocused intensity images, enabling the reconstruction of a quantitative phase image with a frequency spectrum that surpasses the diffraction limit imposed by the imaging system. Our approach offers several advantages including a deterministic, phase-unwrapping-free algorithm and an easily implementable, non-interferometric setup. We validate the proposed technique for high-resolution phase imaging through both simulation and experimental results, demonstrating a two-fold enhancement in resolution. A lateral resolution of 0.814 µm is achieved for the phase imaging of human cheek cells using a 0.42 NA objective lens and an illumination wavelength of 660 nm, highlighting the efficacy of our approach for high-resolution quantitative phase imaging.
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Aleksandrovych M, Strassberg M, Melamed J, Xu M. Polarization differential interference contrast microscopy with physics-inspired plug-and-play denoiser for single-shot high-performance quantitative phase imaging. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:5833-5850. [PMID: 38021115 PMCID: PMC10659786 DOI: 10.1364/boe.499316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
We present single-shot high-performance quantitative phase imaging with a physics-inspired plug-and-play denoiser for polarization differential interference contrast (PDIC) microscopy. The quantitative phase is recovered by the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM), balancing total variance regularization and a pre-trained dense residual U-net (DRUNet) denoiser. The custom DRUNet uses the Tanh activation function to guarantee the symmetry requirement for phase retrieval. In addition, we introduce an adaptive strategy accelerating convergence and explicitly incorporating measurement noise. After validating this deep denoiser-enhanced PDIC microscopy on simulated data and phantom experiments, we demonstrated high-performance phase imaging of histological tissue sections. The phase retrieval by the denoiser-enhanced PDIC microscopy achieves significantly higher quality and accuracy than the solution based on Fourier transforms or the iterative solution with total variance regularization alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Aleksandrovych
- Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College and the Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 695 Park Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Mark Strassberg
- Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College and the Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 695 Park Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jonathan Melamed
- Department of Pathology, New York University Langone School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Min Xu
- Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College and the Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 695 Park Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA
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6
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Wen K, Gao Z, Liu R, Fang X, Ma Y, Zheng J, An S, Kozacki T, Gao P. Structured illumination phase and fluorescence microscopy for bioimaging. APPLIED OPTICS 2023; 62:4871-4879. [PMID: 37707263 DOI: 10.1364/ao.486718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a dual-modality microscopic imaging approach that combines quantitative phase microscopy and fluorescence microscopy based on structured illumination (SI) to provide structural and functional information for the same sample. As the first imaging modality, structured illumination digital holographic microscopy (SI-DHM) is implemented along the transmission beam path. SI-DHM acts as a label-free, noninvasive approach and provides high-contrast and quantitative phase images utilizing the refractive index contrast of the inner structures of samples against the background. As the second imaging modality, structured illumination (fluorescence) microscopy (SIM) is constructed along the reflection beam path. SIM utilizes fluorescent labeling and provides super-resolution images for specific functional structures of samples. We first experimentally demonstrated phase imaging of SI-DHM on rice leaves and fluorescence (SIM) imaging on mouse kidney sections. Then, we demonstrated dual-modality imaging of biological samples, using DHM to acquire the overall cell morphology and SIM to obtain specific functional structures. These results prove that the proposed technique is of great importance in biomedical studies, such as providing insight into cell physiology by visualizing and quantifying subcellular structures.
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Picazo-Bueno JÁ, Barroso Á, Ketelhut S, Schnekenburger J, Micó V, Kemper B. Single capture bright field and off-axis digital holographic microscopy. OPTICS LETTERS 2023; 48:876-879. [PMID: 36790964 DOI: 10.1364/ol.478674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We report on a single capture approach for simultaneous incoherent bright field (BF) and laser-based quantitative phase imaging (QPI). Common-path digital holographic microscopy (DHM) is implemented in parallel with BF imaging within the optical path of a commercial optical microscope to achieve spatially multiplexed recording of white light images and digital off-axis holograms, which are subsequently numerically demultiplexed. The performance of the proposed multimodal concept is firstly determined by investigations on microspheres. Then, the application for label-free dual-mode QPI and BF imaging of living pancreatic tumor cells is demonstrated.
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Alonso D, Garcia J, Micó V. Fluholoscopy-Compact and Simple Platform Combining Fluorescence and Holographic Microscopy. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:253. [PMID: 36832019 PMCID: PMC9954010 DOI: 10.3390/bios13020253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The combination of different imaging modalities into single imaging platforms has a strong potential in biomedical sciences as it permits the analysis of complementary properties of the target sample. Here, we report on an extremely simple, cost-effective, and compact microscope platform for achieving simultaneous fluorescence and quantitative phase imaging modes with the capability of working in a single snapshot. It is based on the use of a single illumination wavelength to both excite the sample's fluorescence and provide coherent illumination for phase imaging. After passing the microscope layout, the two imaging paths are separated using a bandpass filter, and the two imaging modes are simultaneously obtained using two digital cameras. We first present calibration and analysis of both fluorescence and phase imaging modalities working independently and, later on, experimental validation for the proposed common-path dual-mode imaging platform considering static (resolution test targets, fluorescent micro-beads, and water-suspended lab-made cultures) as well as dynamic (flowing fluorescent beads, human sperm cells, and live specimens from lab-made cultures) samples.
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9
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Nguyen TL, Pradeep S, Judson-Torres RL, Reed J, Teitell MA, Zangle TA. Quantitative Phase Imaging: Recent Advances and Expanding Potential in Biomedicine. ACS NANO 2022; 16:11516-11544. [PMID: 35916417 PMCID: PMC10112851 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c11507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) is a label-free, wide-field microscopy approach with significant opportunities for biomedical applications. QPI uses the natural phase shift of light as it passes through a transparent object, such as a mammalian cell, to quantify biomass distribution and spatial and temporal changes in biomass. Reported in cell studies more than 60 years ago, ongoing advances in QPI hardware and software are leading to numerous applications in biology, with a dramatic expansion in utility over the past two decades. Today, investigations of cell size, morphology, behavior, cellular viscoelasticity, drug efficacy, biomass accumulation and turnover, and transport mechanics are supporting studies of development, physiology, neural activity, cancer, and additional physiological processes and diseases. Here, we review the field of QPI in biology starting with underlying principles, followed by a discussion of technical approaches currently available or being developed, and end with an examination of the breadth of applications in use or under development. We comment on strengths and shortcomings for the deployment of QPI in key biomedical contexts and conclude with emerging challenges and opportunities based on combining QPI with other methodologies that expand the scope and utility of QPI even further.
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Jayakumar N, Dullo FT, Dubey V, Ahmad A, Ströhl F, Cauzzo J, Guerreiro EM, Snir O, Skalko-Basnet N, Agarwal K, Ahluwalia BS. Multi-moded high-index contrast optical waveguide for super-contrast high-resolution label-free microscopy. NANOPHOTONICS 2022; 11:3421-3436. [PMID: 38144043 PMCID: PMC10741054 DOI: 10.1515/nanoph-2022-0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
The article elucidates the physical mechanism behind the generation of superior-contrast and high-resolution label-free images using an optical waveguide. Imaging is realized by employing a high index contrast multi-moded waveguide as a partially coherent light source. The modes provide near-field illumination of unlabeled samples, thereby repositioning the higher spatial frequencies of the sample into the far-field. These modes coherently scatter off the sample with different phases and are engineered to have random spatial distributions within the integration time of the camera. This mitigates the coherent speckle noise and enhances the contrast (2-10) × as opposed to other imaging techniques. Besides, the coherent scattering of the different modes gives rise to fluctuations in intensity. The technique demonstrated here is named chip-based Evanescent Light Scattering (cELS). The concepts introduced through this work are described mathematically and the high-contrast image generation process using a multi-moded waveguide as the light source is explained. The article then explores the feasibility of utilizing fluctuations in the captured images along with fluorescence-based techniques, like intensity-fluctuation algorithms, to mitigate poor-contrast and diffraction-limited resolution in the coherent imaging regime. Furthermore, a straight waveguide is demonstrated to have limited angular diversity between its multiple modes and therefore, for isotropic sample illumination, a multiple-arms waveguide geometry is used. The concepts introduced are validated experimentally via high-contrast label-free imaging of weakly scattering nanosized specimens such as extra-cellular vesicles (EVs), liposomes, nanobeads and biological cells such as fixed and live HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Jayakumar
- Department of Physics and Technology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø9037, Norway
| | - Firehun T. Dullo
- Department of Microsystems and Nanotechnology, SINTEF Digital, Gaustadalleen 23C, 0373Oslo, Norway
| | - Vishesh Dubey
- Department of Physics and Technology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø9037, Norway
| | - Azeem Ahmad
- Department of Physics and Technology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø9037, Norway
| | - Florian Ströhl
- Department of Physics and Technology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø9037, Norway
| | - Jennifer Cauzzo
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø9037, Norway
| | | | - Omri Snir
- Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø9037, Norway
| | - Natasa Skalko-Basnet
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø9037, Norway
| | - Krishna Agarwal
- Department of Physics and Technology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø9037, Norway
| | - Balpreet Singh Ahluwalia
- Department of Physics and Technology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø9037, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Insitute, 17177Stockholm, Sweden
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11
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Recent Progress in the Correlative Structured Illumination Microscopy. CHEMOSENSORS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors9120364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The super-resolution imaging technique of structured illumination microscopy (SIM) enables the mixing of high-frequency information into the optical transmission domain via light-source modulation, thus breaking the optical diffraction limit. Correlative SIM, which combines other techniques with SIM, offers more versatility or higher imaging resolution than traditional SIM. In this review, we first briefly introduce the imaging mechanism and development trends of conventional SIM. Then, the principles and recent developments of correlative SIM techniques are reviewed. Finally, the future development directions of SIM and its correlative microscopies are presented.
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12
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Butola A, Coucheron DA, Szafranska K, Ahmad A, Mao H, Tinguely JC, McCourt P, Senthilkumaran P, Mehta DS, Agarwal K, Ahluwalia BS. Multimodal on-chip nanoscopy and quantitative phase imaging reveals the nanoscale morphology of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2115323118. [PMID: 34782474 PMCID: PMC8617407 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2115323118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Visualization of three-dimensional (3D) morphological changes in the subcellular structures of a biological specimen is a major challenge in life science. Here, we present an integrated chip-based optical nanoscopy combined with quantitative phase microscopy (QPM) to obtain 3D morphology of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC). LSEC have unique morphology with small nanopores (50-300 nm in diameter) in the plasma membrane, called fenestrations. The fenestrations are grouped in discrete clusters, which are around 100 to 200 nm thick. Thus, imaging and quantification of fenestrations and sieve plate thickness require resolution and sensitivity of sub-100 nm along both the lateral and the axial directions, respectively. In chip-based nanoscopy, the optical waveguides are used both for hosting and illuminating the sample. The fluorescence signal is captured by an upright microscope, which is converted into a Linnik-type interferometer to sequentially acquire both superresolved images and phase information of the sample. The multimodal microscope provided an estimate of the fenestration diameter of 119 ± 53 nm and average thickness of the sieve plates of 136.6 ± 42.4 nm, assuming the constant refractive index of cell membrane to be 1.38. Further, LSEC were treated with cytochalasin B to demonstrate the possibility of precise detection in the cell height. The mean phase value of the fenestrated area in normal and treated cells was found to be 161 ± 50 mrad and 109 ± 49 mrad, respectively. The proposed multimodal technique offers nanoscale visualization of both the lateral size and the thickness map, which would be of broader interest in the fields of cell biology and bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Butola
- Department of Physics and Technology, Universitetet i Tromsø (UiT) The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
- Bio-photonics and Green Photonics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - David A Coucheron
- Department of Physics and Technology, Universitetet i Tromsø (UiT) The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Karolina Szafranska
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Biology, Vascular Biology Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø 9037, Norway
| | - Azeem Ahmad
- Department of Physics and Technology, Universitetet i Tromsø (UiT) The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Hong Mao
- Department of Physics and Technology, Universitetet i Tromsø (UiT) The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jean-Claude Tinguely
- Department of Physics and Technology, Universitetet i Tromsø (UiT) The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Peter McCourt
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Biology, Vascular Biology Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø 9037, Norway
| | - Paramasivam Senthilkumaran
- Bio-photonics and Green Photonics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Dalip Singh Mehta
- Bio-photonics and Green Photonics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Krishna Agarwal
- Department of Physics and Technology, Universitetet i Tromsø (UiT) The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Balpreet Singh Ahluwalia
- Department of Physics and Technology, Universitetet i Tromsø (UiT) The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway;
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
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Wen K, Gao Z, Fang X, Liu M, Zheng J, Ma Y, Zalevsky Z, Gao P. Structured illumination microscopy with partially coherent illumination for phase and fluorescent imaging. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:33679-33693. [PMID: 34809175 DOI: 10.1364/oe.435783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a partially coherent illumination based (PCI-based) SIM apparatus for dual-modality (phase and fluorescent) microscopic imaging. The partially coherent illumination (PCI) is generated by placing a rotating diffuser on a monochromatic laser beam, which suppresses speckle noise in the dual-modality images and endows the apparatus with sound sectioning capability. With this system, label-free quantitative phase and super-resolved/sectioned fluorescent images can be obtained for the same sample. We have demonstrated the superiority of the system in phase imaging of transparent cells with high endogenous contrast and in a quantitative manner. In the meantime, we have also demonstrated fluorescent imaging of fluorescent beads, rat tail crosscut, wheat anther, and hibiscus pollen with super-resolution and optical sectioning. We envisage that the proposed method can be applied to many fields, including but not limited to biomedical, industrial, chemistry fields.
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Zdańkowski P, Winnik J, Patorski K, Gocłowski P, Ziemczonok M, Józwik M, Kujawińska M, Trusiak M. Common-path intrinsically achromatic optical diffraction tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:4219-4234. [PMID: 34457410 PMCID: PMC8367224 DOI: 10.1364/boe.428828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work we propose an open-top like common-path intrinsically achromatic optical diffraction tomography system. It operates as a total-shear interferometer and employs Ronchi-type amplitude diffraction grating, positioned in between the camera and the tube lens without an additional 4f system, generating three-beam interferograms with achromatic second harmonic. Such configuration makes the proposed system low cost, compact and immune to vibrations. We present the results of the measurements of 3D-printed cell phantom using laser diode (coherent) and superluminescent diode (partially coherent) light sources. Broadband light sources can be naturally employed without the need for any cumbersome compensation because of the intrinsic achromaticity of the interferometric recording (holograms generated by -1st and +1st conjugated diffraction orders are not affected by the illumination wavelength). The results show that the decreased coherence offers much reduced coherent noise and higher fidelity tomographic reconstruction especially when applied nonnegativity constraint regularization procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Zdańkowski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Micromechanics and Photonics, 8 Św. A. Boboli st., 02-525 Warsaw, Poland
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Julianna Winnik
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Micromechanics and Photonics, 8 Św. A. Boboli st., 02-525 Warsaw, Poland
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Krzysztof Patorski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Micromechanics and Photonics, 8 Św. A. Boboli st., 02-525 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Gocłowski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Micromechanics and Photonics, 8 Św. A. Boboli st., 02-525 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Ziemczonok
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Micromechanics and Photonics, 8 Św. A. Boboli st., 02-525 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Józwik
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Micromechanics and Photonics, 8 Św. A. Boboli st., 02-525 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kujawińska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Micromechanics and Photonics, 8 Św. A. Boboli st., 02-525 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Trusiak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Micromechanics and Photonics, 8 Św. A. Boboli st., 02-525 Warsaw, Poland
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Su Y, Fu R, Du W, Yang H, Ma L, Luo X, Wang R, Lin X, Jin X, Shan X, Lv W, Huang G. Label-Free and Quantitative Dry Mass Monitoring for Single Cells during In Situ Culture. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071635. [PMID: 34209893 PMCID: PMC8303735 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative measurement of single cells can provide in-depth information about cell morphology and metabolism. However, current live-cell imaging techniques have a lack of quantitative detection ability. Herein, we proposed a label-free and quantitative multichannel wide-field interferometric imaging (MWII) technique with femtogram dry mass sensitivity to monitor single-cell metabolism long-term in situ culture. We demonstrated that MWII could reveal the intrinsic status of cells despite fluctuating culture conditions with 3.48 nm optical path difference sensitivity, 0.97 fg dry mass sensitivity and 2.4% average maximum relative change (maximum change/average) in dry mass. Utilizing the MWII system, different intrinsic cell growth characteristics of dry mass between HeLa cells and Human Cervical Epithelial Cells (HCerEpiC) were studied. The dry mass of HeLa cells consistently increased before the M phase, whereas that of HCerEpiC increased and then decreased. The maximum growth rate of HeLa cells was 11.7% higher than that of HCerEpiC. Furthermore, HeLa cells were treated with Gemcitabine to reveal the relationship between single-cell heterogeneity and chemotherapeutic efficacy. The results show that cells with higher nuclear dry mass and nuclear density standard deviations were more likely to survive the chemotherapy. In conclusion, MWII was presented as a technique for single-cell dry mass quantitative measurement, which had significant potential applications for cell growth dynamics research, cell subtype analysis, cell health characterization, medication guidance and adjuvant drug development.
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Guo R, Barnea I, Shaked NT. Limited-angle tomographic phase microscopy utilizing confocal scanning fluorescence microscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:1869-1881. [PMID: 33996204 PMCID: PMC8086471 DOI: 10.1364/boe.419598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We present a multimodal imaging technique, combining tomographic phase microscopy with limited angular projection range and number, and two-channel spinning-disk confocal scanning fluorescence microscopy. This technique allows high-accuracy 3D refractive index (RI) profiling of live cells in spite of the missing projections. The cellular outer shape and its interior organelles measured by the confocal fluorescence imaging not only specify the cell in molecular levels, but also provide the 3D distributions of the whole cell as well as its organelles. We take these additional 3D morphological details as constraints in Gerchberg-Papoulis-based optical diffraction tomography algorithm. We then obtain an accurate 3D RI tomogram, even with a sparse angular range having a small number of perspective projections, otherwise providing low-accuracy RI reconstruction. Then, we obtain both cellular molecular specificity and inner RI values of the cell and its organelles. We compare the reconstructed 3D RI profiles of various samples, demonstrating the superiority of the proposed technique.
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17
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Lee C, Kim S, Hugonnet H, Lee M, Park W, Jeon JS, Park Y. Label-free three-dimensional observations and quantitative characterisation of on-chip vasculogenesis using optical diffraction tomography. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:494-501. [PMID: 33492325 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc01061h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Label-free, three-dimensional (3D) quantitative observations of on-chip vasculogenesis were achieved using optical diffraction tomography. Exploiting 3D refractive index maps as an intrinsic imaging contrast, the vascular structures, multicellular activities, and subcellular organelles of endothelial cells were imaged and analysed throughout vasculogenesis to characterise mature vascular networks without exogenous labelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chungha Lee
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunggyu Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Herve Hugonnet
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Moosung Lee
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Weisun Park
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jessie S Jeon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea. and KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - YongKeun Park
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea and KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea and Tomocube Inc., Daejeon, 34109, Republic of Korea
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18
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Kim D, Lee S, Lee M, Oh J, Yang SA, Park Y. Holotomography: Refractive Index as an Intrinsic Imaging Contrast for 3-D Label-Free Live Cell Imaging. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1310:211-238. [PMID: 33834439 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-33-6064-8_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Live cell imaging provides essential information in the investigation of cell biology and related pathophysiology. Refractive index (RI) can serve as intrinsic optical imaging contrast for 3-D label-free and quantitative live cell imaging, and provide invaluable information to understand various dynamics of cells and tissues for the study of numerous fields. Recently significant advances have been made in imaging methods and analysis approaches utilizing RI, which are now being transferred to biological and medical research fields, providing novel approaches to investigate the pathophysiology of cells. To provide insight into how RI can be used as an imaging contrast for imaging of biological specimens, here we provide the basic principle of RI-based imaging techniques and summarize recent progress on applications, ranging from microbiology, hematology, infectious diseases, hematology, and histopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doyeon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sangyun Lee
- Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Moosung Lee
- Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Juntaek Oh
- Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Su-A Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - YongKeun Park
- Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea. .,KAIST Institute Health Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea. .,Tomocube Inc., Daejeon, South Korea.
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19
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Kumar M, Quan X, Awatsuji Y, Tamada Y, Matoba O. Digital Holographic Multimodal Cross-Sectional Fluorescence and Quantitative Phase Imaging System. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7580. [PMID: 32415184 PMCID: PMC7228964 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64028-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a multimodal imaging system based on simple off-axis digital holography, for simultaneous recording and retrieval of cross-sectional fluorescence and quantitative phase imaging of the biological specimen. Synergism in the imaging capabilities can be achieved by incorporating two off-axis digital holographic microscopes integrated to record different information at the same time. The cross-sectional fluorescence imaging is realized by a common-path configuration of the single-shot off-axis incoherent digital holographic system. The quantitative phase imaging, on the other hand, is achieved by another off-axis coherent digital holographic microscopy operating in transmission mode. The fundamental characteristics of the proposed multimodal system are confirmed by performing various experiments on fluorescent beads and fluorescent protein-labeled living cells of the moss Physcomitrella patens lying at different axial depth positions. Furthermore, the cross-sectional live fluorescence and phase imaging of the fluorescent beads are demonstrated by the proposed multimodal system. The experimental results presented here corroborate the feasibility of the proposed system and indicate its potential in the applications to analyze the functional and structural behavior of biological cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- Graduate School of System Informatics, Kobe University, Rokkodai 1-1, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Xiangyu Quan
- Graduate School of System Informatics, Kobe University, Rokkodai 1-1, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Awatsuji
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Yosuke Tamada
- School of Engineering, Utsunomiya University, 7-1-2 Yoto, Utsunomiya, 321-8585, Japan
- National Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
- School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
- Center for Optical Research and Education (CORE), Utsunomiya University, 7-1-2 Yoto, Utsunomiya, 321-8585, Japan
| | - Osamu Matoba
- Graduate School of System Informatics, Kobe University, Rokkodai 1-1, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan.
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20
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Konda PC, Loetgering L, Zhou KC, Xu S, Harvey AR, Horstmeyer R. Fourier ptychography: current applications and future promises. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:9603-9630. [PMID: 32225565 DOI: 10.1364/oe.386168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Traditional imaging systems exhibit a well-known trade-off between the resolution and the field of view of their captured images. Typical cameras and microscopes can either "zoom in" and image at high-resolution, or they can "zoom out" to see a larger area at lower resolution, but can rarely achieve both effects simultaneously. In this review, we present details about a relatively new procedure termed Fourier ptychography (FP), which addresses the above trade-off to produce gigapixel-scale images without requiring any moving parts. To accomplish this, FP captures multiple low-resolution, large field-of-view images and computationally combines them in the Fourier domain into a high-resolution, large field-of-view result. Here, we present details about the various implementations of FP and highlight its demonstrated advantages to date, such as aberration recovery, phase imaging, and 3D tomographic reconstruction, to name a few. After providing some basics about FP, we list important details for successful experimental implementation, discuss its relationship with other computational imaging techniques, and point to the latest advances in the field while highlighting persisting challenges.
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21
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Kumar M, Quan X, Awatsuji Y, Cheng C, Hasebe M, Tamada Y, Matoba O. Common-path multimodal three-dimensional fluorescence and phase imaging system. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2020; 25:1-15. [PMID: 32030941 PMCID: PMC7003711 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.25.3.032010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
<p>A stable multimodal system is developed by combining two common-path digital holographic microscopes (DHMs): coherent and incoherent, for simultaneous recording and retrieval of three-dimensional (3-D) phase and 3-D fluorescence imaging (FI), respectively, of a biological specimen. The 3-D FI is realized by a single-shot common-path off-axis fluorescent DHM developed recently by our group. In addition, we accomplish, the phase imaging by another single-shot, highly stable common-path off-axis DHM based on a beam splitter. In this DHM configuration, a beam splitter is used to divide the incoming object beam into two beams. One beam serves as the object beam carrying the useful information of the object under study, whereas another beam is spatially filtered at its Fourier plane by using a pinhole and it serves as a reference beam. This DHM setup, owing to a common-path geometry, is less vibration-sensitive and compact, having a similar field of view but with high temporal phase stability in comparison to a two-beam Mach-Zehnder-type DHM. The performance of the proposed common-path DHM and the multimodal system is verified by conducting various experiments on fluorescent microspheres and fluorescent protein-labeled living cells of the moss <italic>Physcomitrella patens</italic>. Moreover, the potential capability of the proposed multimodal system for 3-D live fluorescence and phase imaging of the fluorescent beads is also demonstrated. The obtained experimental results corroborate the feasibility of the proposed multimodal system and indicate its potential applications for the analysis of functional and structural behaviors of a biological specimen and enhancement of the understanding of physiological mechanisms and various biological diseases.</p>.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- Kobe University, Graduate School of System Informatics, Kobe, Japan
| | - Xiangyu Quan
- Kobe University, Graduate School of System Informatics, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Awatsuji
- Kyoto Institute of Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chaoyang Cheng
- National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
- ERATO, JST, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Mitsuyasu Hasebe
- National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
- ERATO, JST, Okazaki, Japan
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), School of Life Science, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Yosuke Tamada
- National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), School of Life Science, Okazaki, Japan
- Utsunomiya University, School of Engineering, Utsunomiya, Japan
| | - Osamu Matoba
- Kobe University, Graduate School of System Informatics, Kobe, Japan
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22
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Ma Y, Guo S, Pan Y, Fan R, Smith ZJ, Lane S, Chu K. Quantitative phase microscopy with enhanced contrast and improved resolution through ultra-oblique illumination (UO-QPM). JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201900011. [PMID: 31184803 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201900011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Recent developments in phase contrast microscopy have enabled the label-free visualization of certain organelles due to their distinct morphological features, making this method an attractive alternative in the study of cellular dynamics. However tubular structures such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) networks and complex dynamics such as the fusion and fission of mitochondria, due to their low phase contrast, still need fluorescent labeling to be adequately imaged. In this article, we report a quantitative phase microscope with ultra-oblique illumination that enables us to see those structures and their dynamics with high contrast for the first time without labeling. The imaging capability was validated through comparison to the fluorescence images with the same field-of-view. The high image resolution (~270 nm) was validated using both beads and cellular structures. Furthermore, we were able to record the vibration of ER networks at a frame rate of 250 Hz. We additionally show complex cellular processes such as remodeling of the mitochondria networks through fusion and fission and vesicle transportation along the ER without labels. Our high spatial and temporal resolution allowed us to observe mitochondria "spinning", which has not been reported before, further demonstrating the advantages of the proposed method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ma
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, Hefei, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, Anhui, Hefei, China
| | - Siyue Guo
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, Hefei, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, Anhui, Hefei, China
| | - Yang Pan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, Hefei, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, Anhui, Hefei, China
| | - Rong Fan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, Hefei, China
| | - Zachary J Smith
- University of Science and Technology of China, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, Anhui, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, Hefei, China
| | - Stephen Lane
- Center for Biophotonics, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Kaiqin Chu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, Hefei, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, Anhui, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, Hefei, China
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23
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Adaptive wavefront correction structured illumination holographic tomography. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10489. [PMID: 31324823 PMCID: PMC6642122 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46951-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, a novel adaptive wavefront correction (AWC) technique is implemented on a compactly developed structured illumination holographic tomography (SI-HT) system. We propose a mechanical movement-free compact scanning architecture for SI-HT systems with AWC, implemented by designing and displaying a series of computer-generated holograms (CGH) composed of blazed grating with phase Fresnel lens on a phase-only spatial light modulator (SLM). In the proposed SI-HT, the aberrations of the optical system are sensed by digital holography and are used to design the CGH-based AWC to compensate the phase aberrations of the tomographic imaging system. The proposed method was validated using a standard Siemens star target, its potential application was demonstrated using a live candida rugosa sample, and its label-free three-dimensional refractive index profile was generated at its subcellular level. The experimental results obtained reveal the ability of the proposed method to enhance the imaging performance in both lateral and axial directions.
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24
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Eldridge WJ, Ceballos S, Shah T, Park HS, Steelman ZA, Zauscher S, Wax A. Shear Modulus Measurement by Quantitative Phase Imaging and Correlation with Atomic Force Microscopy. Biophys J 2019; 117:696-705. [PMID: 31349989 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Many approaches have been developed to characterize cell elasticity. Among these, atomic force microscopy (AFM) combined with modeling has been widely used to characterize cellular compliance. However, such approaches are often limited by the difficulties associated with using a specific instrument and by the complexity of analyzing the measured data. More recently, quantitative phase imaging (QPI) has been applied to characterize cellular stiffness by using an effective spring constant. This metric was further correlated to mass distribution (disorder strength) within the cell. However, these measurements are difficult to compare to AFM-derived measurements of Young's modulus. Here, we describe, to our knowledge, a new way of analyzing QPI data to directly retrieve the shear modulus. Our approach enables label-free measurement of cellular mechanical properties that can be directly compared to values obtained from other rheological methods. To demonstrate the technique, we measured shear modulus and phase disorder strength using QPI, as well as Young's modulus using AFM, across two breast cancer cell-line populations dosed with three different concentrations of cytochalasin D, an actin-depolymerizing toxin. Comparison of QPI-derived and AFM moduli shows good agreement between the two measures and further agrees with theory. Our results suggest that QPI is a powerful tool for cellular biophysics because it allows for optical quantitative measurements of cell mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Will J Eldridge
- Duke University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Durham, North Carolina.
| | - Silvia Ceballos
- Duke University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Tejank Shah
- Duke University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Han Sang Park
- Duke University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Zachary A Steelman
- Duke University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Stefan Zauscher
- Duke University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Adam Wax
- Duke University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Durham, North Carolina
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25
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Yeh LH, Chowdhury S, Repina NA, Waller L. Speckle-structured illumination for 3D phase and fluorescence computational microscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:3635-3653. [PMID: 31467796 PMCID: PMC6706021 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.003635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
High-content biological microscopy targets high-resolution imaging across large fields-of-view, often achieved by computational imaging approaches. Previously, we demonstrated 2D multimodal high-content microscopy via structured illumination microscopy (SIM) with resolution > 2 × the diffraction limit, using speckle illumination from Scotch tape. In this work, we extend the method to 3D by leveraging the fact that the speckle illumination is in fact a 3D structured pattern. We use both a coherent and an incoherent imaging model to develop algorithms for joint retrieval of the 3D super-resolved fluorescent and complex-field distributions of the sample. Our reconstructed images resolve features beyond the physical diffraction-limit set by the system's objective and demonstrate 3D multimodal imaging with ∼ 0.6 × 0.6 × 6 μ m3 resolution over a volume of ∼ 314 × 500 × 24 μ m3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hao Yeh
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720,
USA
| | - Shwetadwip Chowdhury
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720,
USA
| | - Nicole A. Repina
- Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720,
USA
| | - Laura Waller
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720,
USA
- Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720,
USA
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26
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LEE KYEOREH, SHIN SEUNGWOO, YAQOOB ZAHID, SO PETERTC, PARK YONGKEUN. Low-coherent optical diffraction tomography by angle-scanning illumination. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201800289. [PMID: 30597743 PMCID: PMC6470054 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201800289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Temporally low-coherent optical diffraction tomography (ODT) is proposed and demonstrated based on angle-scanning Mach-Zehnder interferometry. Using a digital micromirror device based on diffractive tilting, the full-field interference of incoherent light is successfully maintained during every angle-scanning sequences. Further, current ODT reconstruction principles for temporally incoherent illuminations are thoroughly reviewed and developed. Several limitations of incoherent illumination are also discussed, such as the nondispersive assumption, optical sectioning capacity and illumination angle limitation. Using the proposed setup and reconstruction algorithms, low-coherent ODT imaging of plastic microspheres, human red blood cells and rat pheochromocytoma cells is experimentally demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- KYEOREH LEE
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - SEUNGWOO SHIN
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - ZAHID YAQOOB
- Laser Biomedical Research Center, G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - PETER T. C. SO
- Laser Biomedical Research Center, G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - YONGKEUN PARK
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Tomocube Inc., Daejeon 34051, Republic of Korea
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27
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Yeh LH, Chowdhury S, Waller L. Computational structured illumination for high-content fluorescence and phase microscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:1978-1998. [PMID: 31061769 PMCID: PMC6485002 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.001978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
High-content biological microscopy targets high-resolution imaging across large fields-of-view (FOVs). Recent works have demonstrated that computational imaging can provide efficient solutions for high-content microscopy. Here, we use speckle structured illumination microscopy (SIM) as a robust and cost-effective solution for high-content fluorescence microscopy with simultaneous high-content quantitative phase (QP). This multi-modal compatibility is essential for studies requiring cross-correlative biological analysis. Our method uses laterally-translated Scotch tape to generate high-resolution speckle illumination patterns across a large FOV. Custom optimization algorithms then jointly reconstruct the sample's super-resolution fluorescent (incoherent) and QP (coherent) distributions, while digitally correcting for system imperfections such as unknown speckle illumination patterns, system aberrations and pattern translations. Beyond previous linear SIM works, we achieve resolution gains of 4× the objective's diffraction-limited native resolution, resulting in 700 nm fluorescence and 1.2 μm QP resolution, across a FOV of 2 × 2.7 mm 2 , giving a space-bandwidth product (SBP) of 60 megapixels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hao Yeh
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720,
USA
| | - Shwetadwip Chowdhury
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720,
USA
| | - Laura Waller
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720,
USA
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28
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de Kernier I, Ali-Cherif A, Rongeat N, Cioni O, Morales S, Savatier J, Monneret S, Blandin P. Large field-of-view phase and fluorescence mesoscope with microscopic resolution. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2019; 24:1-9. [PMID: 30852855 PMCID: PMC6975188 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.24.3.036501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Phase and fluorescence are complementary contrasts that are commonly used in biology. However, the coupling of these two modalities is traditionally limited to high magnification and complex imaging systems. For statistical studies of biological populations, a large field-of-view is required. We describe a 30 mm2 field-of-view dual-modality mesoscope with a 4-μm resolution. The potential of the system to address biological questions is illustrated on white blood cell numeration in whole blood and multiwavelength imaging of the human osteosarcoma (U2-OS) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaure de Kernier
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, Grenoble, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Olivier Cioni
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Julien Savatier
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
| | - Serge Monneret
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
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29
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Hu C, Sam R, Shan M, Nastasa V, Wang M, Kim T, Gillette M, Sengupta P, Popescu G. Optical excitation and detection of neuronal activity. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201800269. [PMID: 30311744 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201800269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Optogenetics has emerged as an exciting tool for manipulating neural activity, which in turn, can modulate behavior in live organisms. However, detecting the response to the optical stimulation requires electrophysiology with physical contact or fluorescent imaging at target locations, which is often limited by photobleaching and phototoxicity. In this paper, we show that phase imaging can report the intracellular transport induced by optogenetic stimulation. We developed a multimodal instrument that can both stimulate cells with subcellular spatial resolution and detect optical pathlength (OPL) changes with nanometer scale sensitivity. We found that OPL fluctuations following stimulation are consistent with active organelle transport. Furthermore, the results indicate a broadening in the transport velocity distribution, which is significantly higher in stimulated cells compared to optogenetically inactive cells. It is likely that this label-free, contactless measurement of optogenetic response will provide an enabling approach to neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenfei Hu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Richard Sam
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Mingguang Shan
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- College of Information and Communication Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Viorel Nastasa
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- National Institute for Laser Plasma and Radiation Physics, Bucharest, Ilfov, Romania
| | - Minqi Wang
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Taewoo Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Martha Gillette
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Parijat Sengupta
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Gabriel Popescu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
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30
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Huang C, Gu Y, Chen J, Bahrani AA, Abu Jawdeh EG, Bada HS, Saatman K, Yu G, Chen L. A Wearable Fiberless Optical Sensor for Continuous Monitoring of Cerebral Blood Flow in Mice. IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS : A PUBLICATION OF THE IEEE LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS SOCIETY 2019; 25:1-9. [PMID: 31666792 DOI: 10.1109/jstqe.2018.2869613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Continuous and longitudinal monitoring of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in animal models provides information for studying the mechanisms and interventions of various cerebral diseases. Since anesthesia may affect brain hemodynamics, researchers have been seeking wearable devices for use in conscious animals. We present a wearable diffuse speckle contrast flowmeter (DSCF) probe for monitoring CBF variations in mice. The DSCF probe consists of a small low-power near-infrared laser diode as a point source and an ultra-small low-power CMOS camera as a 2D detector array, which can be affixed on a mouse head. The movement of red blood cells in brain cortex (i.e., CBF) produces spatial fluctuations of laser speckles, which are captured by the camera. The DSCF system was calibrated using tissue phantoms and validated in a human forearm and mouse brains for continuous monitoring of blood flow increases and decreases against the established technologies. Significant correlations were observed among these measurements (R2 ≥ 0.80, p < 10-5). This small fiberless probe has the potential to be worn by a freely moving conscious mouse. Moreover, the flexible source-detector configuration allows for varied probing depths up to ~8 mm, which is sufficient for transcranially detecting CBF in the cortices of rodents and newborn infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA
| | - Yutong Gu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089 USA
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA
| | - Ahmed A Bahrani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA
| | - Elie G Abu Jawdeh
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
| | - Henrietta S Bada
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
| | - Kathryn Saatman
- Department of Physiology, Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
| | - Guoqiang Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Physiology, Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
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31
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Liu Y, Suo J, Zhang Y, Dai Q. Single-pixel phase and fluorescence microscope. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:32451-32462. [PMID: 30645412 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.032451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Multimodal microscopes either use multiple cameras or a single camera to multiplex different modes spatially. The former needs expertise demanding alignment and the latter suffers from limited spatial resolution. Here, we report an alignment-free full-resolution simultaneous fluorescence and phase imaging approach using single-pixel detectors. By combining reference-free interferometry with single-pixel imaging scheme, we employ structured illumination to encode the phase and fluorescence of the sample into two single-pixel detection arms, and then conduct reconstruction computationally from the illumination patterns and recorded correlated measurements. The recovered fluorescence and phase images are inherently aligned thanks to single-pixel imaging scheme. To validate the proposed method, we built a proof-of-concept setup for first imaging the phase of an etched glass with given etching depth and then imaging the phase and fluorescence of the quantum dot sample. This method holds great potential for multispectral fluorescence microscopy with additional single-pixel detectors or a spectrometer. Besides, this cost-efficient multimodal system might find broad applications in biomedical science and material science.
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32
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Eldridge WJ, Hoballah J, Wax A. Molecular and biophysical analysis of apoptosis using a combined quantitative phase imaging and fluorescence resonance energy transfer microscope. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2018; 11:e201800126. [PMID: 29896886 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201800126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Apoptotic mechanisms are often dysregulated in cancerous phenotypes. Additionally, many anticancer treatments induce apoptosis and necrosis, and the monitoring of this apoptotic activity can allow researchers to identify therapeutic efficiency. Here, we introduce a microscope which combines quantitative phase imaging (QPI) with the ability to detect molecular events via fluorescence (or Förster) resonance energy transfer (FRET). The system was applied to study cells undergoing apoptosis to correlate the onset of apoptotic enzyme activity as observed using a FRET-based apoptosis sensor with whole cell morphological changes analyzed via QPI. The QPI data showed changes in cell disorder strength during the initiation of apoptotic enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Will J Eldridge
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jawad Hoballah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Adam Wax
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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33
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Kim YS, Lee S, Jung J, Shin S, Choi HG, Cha GH, Park W, Lee S, Park Y. Combining Three-Dimensional Quantitative Phase Imaging and Fluorescence Microscopy for the Study of Cell Pathophysiology. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 91:267-277. [PMID: 30258314 PMCID: PMC6153632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) has emerged as one of the powerful imaging tools for the study of live cells in a non-invasive manner. In particular, multimodal approaches combining QPI and fluorescence microscopic techniques have been recently developed for superior spatiotemporal resolution as well as high molecular specificity. In this review, we briefly summarize recent advances in three-dimensional QPI combined with fluorescence techniques for the correlative study of cell pathophysiology. Through this review, biologists and clinicians can be provided with insights on this rapidly growing field of research and may find broader applications to investigate unrevealed nature in cell physiology and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Seo Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea,Tomocube Inc., Daejeon, Republic of Korea,KAIST Institute of Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - SangYun Lee
- KAIST Institute of Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea,Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - JaeHwang Jung
- KAIST Institute of Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea,Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwoo Shin
- KAIST Institute of Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea,Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - He-Gwon Choi
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Guang-Ho Cha
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Weisun Park
- Tomocube Inc., Daejeon, Republic of Korea,KAIST Institute of Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea,Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumin Lee
- Tomocube Inc., Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - YongKeun Park
- Tomocube Inc., Daejeon, Republic of Korea,KAIST Institute of Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea,Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea,To whom all correspondence should be addressed: YongKeun Park, Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea;
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34
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Kim G, Lee M, Youn S, Lee E, Kwon D, Shin J, Lee S, Lee YS, Park Y. Measurements of three-dimensional refractive index tomography and membrane deformability of live erythrocytes from Pelophylax nigromaculatus. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9192. [PMID: 29907826 PMCID: PMC6003953 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25886-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike mammalian erythrocytes, amphibian erythrocytes have distinct morphological features including large cell sizes and the presence of nuclei. The sizes of the cytoplasm and nuclei of erythrocytes vary significantly over different species, their environments, or pathophysiology, which makes hematological studies important for investigating amphibian species. Here, we present a label-free three-dimensional optical quantification of individual amphibian erythrocytes from frogs Pelophylax nigromaculatus (Rana nigromaculata). Using optical diffraction tomography, we measured three-dimensional refractive index (RI) tomograms of the cells, which clearly distinguished the cytoplasm and nuclei of the erythrocytes. From the measured RI tomograms, we extracted the relevant biochemical parameters of the cells, including hemoglobin contents and hemoglobin concentrations. Furthermore, we measured dynamic membrane fluctuations and investigated the mechanical properties of the cell membrane. From the statistical and correlative analysis of these retrieved parameters, we investigated interspecific differences between frogs and previously studied mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geon Kim
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Moosung Lee
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - SeongYeon Youn
- Daejeon Science High School for the Gifted, Daejeon, 34142, Republic of Korea
| | - EuiTae Lee
- Daejeon Science High School for the Gifted, Daejeon, 34142, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeheon Kwon
- Daejeon Science High School for the Gifted, Daejeon, 34142, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghun Shin
- Daejeon Science High School for the Gifted, Daejeon, 34142, Republic of Korea
| | - SangYun Lee
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Sil Lee
- Daejeon Science High School for the Gifted, Daejeon, 34142, Republic of Korea
| | - YongKeun Park
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.
- KI for Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Tomocube, Inc., Daejeon, 34051, Republic of Korea.
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35
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Shin S, Kim D, Kim K, Park Y. Super-resolution three-dimensional fluorescence and optical diffraction tomography of live cells using structured illumination generated by a digital micromirror device. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9183. [PMID: 29907828 PMCID: PMC6004010 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27399-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a multimodal approach for measuring the three-dimensional (3D) refractive index (RI) and fluorescence distributions of live cells by combining optical diffraction tomography (ODT) and 3D structured illumination microscopy (SIM). A digital micromirror device is utilized to generate structured illumination patterns for both ODT and SIM, which enables fast and stable measurements. To verify its feasibility and applicability, the proposed method is used to measure the 3D RI distribution and 3D fluorescence image of various samples, including a cluster of fluorescent beads, and the time-lapse 3D RI dynamics of fluorescent beads inside a HeLa cell, from which the trajectory of the beads in the HeLa cell is analyzed using spatiotemporal correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungwoo Shin
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Doyeon Kim
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Tomocube, Inc., 48, Yuseong-daero 1184beon-gil, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34051, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoohyun Kim
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - YongKeun Park
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Tomocube, Inc., 48, Yuseong-daero 1184beon-gil, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34051, Republic of Korea.
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36
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Label-free non-invasive quantitative measurement of lipid contents in individual microalgal cells using refractive index tomography. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6524. [PMID: 29695726 PMCID: PMC5916925 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24393-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae are promising candidates for biofuel production due to their high lipid content. To facilitate utilization of the microalgae for biofuel, rapid quantification of the lipid contents in microalgae is necessary. However, conventional methods based on the chemical extraction of lipids require a time-consuming destructive extraction process. Here, we demonstrate label-free, non-invasive, rapid quantification of the lipid contents in individual micro-algal cells measuring the three-dimensional refractive index tomograms. We measure three-dimensional refractive index distributions within Nannochloropsis oculata cells and find that lipid droplets are identifiable in tomograms by their high refractive index. In addition, we alter N. oculata under nitrogen deficiency by measuring the volume, lipid weight, and dry cell weight of individual cells. Characterization of individual cells allows correlative analysis between the lipid content and size of individual cells.
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37
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Tahara T, Quan X, Otani R, Takaki Y, Matoba O. Digital holography and its multidimensional imaging applications: a review. Microscopy (Oxf) 2018; 67:55-67. [PMID: 29471371 PMCID: PMC6025206 DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfy007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we introduce digital holographic techniques and recent progress in multidimensional sensing by using digital holography. Digital holography is an interferometric imaging technique that does not require an imaging lens and can be used to perform simultaneous imaging of multidimensional information, such as three-dimensional structure, dynamics, quantitative phase, multiple wavelengths and polarization state of light. The technique can also obtain a holographic image of nonlinear light and a three-dimensional image of incoherent light with a single-shot exposure. The holographic recording ability of this technique has enabled a variety of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuki Tahara
- Faculty of Engineering Science, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Xiangyu Quan
- Graduate School of System Informatics, Kobe University, Rokkodai 1-1, Nada, Kobe, Japan
| | - Reo Otani
- Sigmakoki Co. Ltd., 17-2, Shimotakahagi-shinden, Hidaka-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Takaki
- Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Matoba
- Graduate School of System Informatics, Kobe University, Rokkodai 1-1, Nada, Kobe, Japan
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38
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Lai XJ, Tu HY, Lin YC, Cheng CJ. Coded aperture structured illumination digital holographic microscopy for superresolution imaging. OPTICS LETTERS 2018; 43:1143-1146. [PMID: 29489800 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.001143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposes a coded aperture structured illumination (CASI) technique in digital holographic microscopy (DHM). A CASI wave is generated using two binary phase codes (0° and 120°) for spatial phase shifting. The generated CASI wave then interferes with a reference wave to form a coded Fresnel hologram at a single exposure with compressive sensing (CS) to avoid the temporal phase-shifting process of the structured illumination (SI). The CS algorithm is applied to retrieve the missing data of decoded phase-shifted SI-modulated waves, which are used to separate overlapped spatial frequencies for obtaining a larger spatial frequency coverage to provide superresolution imaging. Two phase-only spatial light modulators are applied to generate a directional SI pattern for obtaining a coded aperture with a suitable size to perform one-shot acquisition in the DHM system.
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39
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Schürmann M, Cojoc G, Girardo S, Ulbricht E, Guck J, Müller P. Three-dimensional correlative single-cell imaging utilizing fluorescence and refractive index tomography. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2018; 11. [PMID: 28800386 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201700145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Cells alter the path of light, a fact that leads to well-known aberrations in single cell or tissue imaging. Optical diffraction tomography (ODT) measures the biophysical property that causes these aberrations, the refractive index (RI). ODT is complementary to fluorescence imaging and does not require any markers. The present study introduces RI and fluorescence tomography with optofluidic rotation (RAFTOR) of suspended cells, facilitating the segmentation of the 3D-correlated RI and fluorescence data for a quantitative interpretation of the nuclear RI. The technique is validated with cell phantoms and used to confirm a lower nuclear RI for HL60 cells. Furthermore, the nuclear inversion of adult mouse photoreceptor cells is observed in the RI distribution. The applications shown confirm predictions of previous studies and illustrate the potential of RAFTOR to improve our understanding of cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gheorghe Cojoc
- Biotechnology Center of the TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Elke Ulbricht
- Biotechnology Center of the TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jochen Guck
- Biotechnology Center of the TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Paul Müller
- Biotechnology Center of the TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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40
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Dardikman G, Nygate YN, Barnea I, Turko NA, Singh G, Javidi B, Shaked NT. Integral refractive index imaging of flowing cell nuclei using quantitative phase microscopy combined with fluorescence microscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2018. [PMID: 29541511 PMCID: PMC5846521 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.001177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We suggest a new multimodal imaging technique for quantitatively measuring the integral (thickness-average) refractive index of the nuclei of live biological cells in suspension. For this aim, we combined quantitative phase microscopy with simultaneous 2-D fluorescence microscopy. We used 2-D fluorescence microscopy to localize the nucleus inside the quantitative phase map of the cell, as well as for measuring the nucleus radii. As verified offline by both 3-D confocal fluorescence microscopy and 2-D fluorescence microscopy while rotating the cells during flow, the nucleus of cells in suspension that are not during division can be assumed to be an ellipsoid. The entire shape of a cell in suspension can be assumed to be a sphere. Then, the cell and nucleus 3-D shapes can be evaluated based on their in-plain radii available from the 2-D phase and fluorescent measurements, respectively. Finally, the nucleus integral refractive index profile is calculated. We demonstrate the new technique on cancer cells, obtaining nucleus refractive index values that are lower than those of the cytoplasm, coinciding with recent findings. We believe that the proposed technique has the potential to be used for flow cytometry, where full 3-D refractive index tomography is too slow to be implemented during flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gili Dardikman
- Tel Aviv University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Yoav N. Nygate
- Tel Aviv University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Itay Barnea
- Tel Aviv University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Nir A. Turko
- Tel Aviv University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Gyanendra Singh
- Tel Aviv University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Barham Javidi
- University of Connecticut, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Storrs 06269-4157, Connecticut, USA
| | - Natan T. Shaked
- Tel Aviv University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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41
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Kim G, Lee S, Shin S, Park Y. Three-dimensional label-free imaging and analysis of Pinus pollen grains using optical diffraction tomography. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1782. [PMID: 29379106 PMCID: PMC5788986 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20113-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The structure of pollen grains is related to the reproductive function of the plants. Here, three-dimensional (3D) refractive index maps were obtained for individual conifer pollen grains using optical diffraction tomography (ODT). The 3D morphological features of pollen grains from pine trees were investigated using measured refractive index maps, in which distinct substructures were clearly distinguished and analyzed. Morphological and physiochemical parameters of the pollen grains were quantified from the obtained refractive index (RI) maps and used to quantitatively study the interspecific differences of pollen grains from different strains. Our results demonstrate that ODT can assess the structure of pollen grains. This label-free and rapid 3D imaging approach may provide a new platform for understanding the physiology of pollen grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geon Kim
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Department of Physics, 291 Daehak-ro, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- KAIST, KI for Health Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - SangYun Lee
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Department of Physics, 291 Daehak-ro, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- KAIST, KI for Health Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwoo Shin
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Department of Physics, 291 Daehak-ro, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- KAIST, KI for Health Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - YongKeun Park
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Department of Physics, 291 Daehak-ro, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- KAIST, KI for Health Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Tomocube, Inc., 48 Yuseong-daero 1184 Beon-gil, 34109, Daejoen, Republic of Korea.
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42
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Chowdhury S, Eldridge WJ, Wax A, Izatt JA. Structured illumination microscopy for dual-modality 3D sub-diffraction resolution fluorescence and refractive-index reconstruction. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:5776-5793. [PMID: 29296504 PMCID: PMC5745119 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.005776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Though structured illumination (SI) microscopy is a popular imaging technique conventionally associated with fluorescent super-resolution, recent works have suggested its applicability towards sub-diffraction resolution coherent imaging with quantitative endogenous biological contrast. Here, we demonstrate that SI can efficiently integrate together the principles of fluorescent super-resolution and coherent synthetic aperture to achieve 3D dual-modality sub-diffraction resolution, fluorescence and refractive-index (RI) visualizations of biological samples. We experimentally demonstrate this framework by introducing a SI microscope capable of 3D sub-diffraction resolution fluorescence and RI imaging, and verify its biological visualization capabilities by experimentally reconstructing 3D RI/fluorescence visualizations of fluorescent calibration microspheres as well as alveolar basal epithelial adenocarcinoma (A549) and human colorectal adenocarcinmoa (HT-29) cells, fluorescently stained for F-actin. This demonstration may suggest SI as an especially promising imaging technique to enable future biological studies that explore synergistically operating biophysical/biochemical and molecular mechanisms at sub-diffraction resolutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shwetadwip Chowdhury
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, 1427 FCIEMAS, 101 Science Drive Box 90281, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Will J. Eldridge
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, 1427 FCIEMAS, 101 Science Drive Box 90281, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Adam Wax
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, 1427 FCIEMAS, 101 Science Drive Box 90281, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Joseph A. Izatt
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, 1427 FCIEMAS, 101 Science Drive Box 90281, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
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Kim K, Park WS, Na S, Kim S, Kim T, Heo WD, Park Y. Correlative three-dimensional fluorescence and refractive index tomography: bridging the gap between molecular specificity and quantitative bioimaging. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:5688-5697. [PMID: 29296497 PMCID: PMC5745112 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.005688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Optical diffraction tomography (ODT) provides label-free three-dimensional (3D) refractive index (RI) measurement of biological samples. However, due to the nature of the RI values of biological specimens, ODT has limited access to molecular specific information. Here, we present an optical setup combining ODT with three-channel 3D fluorescence microscopy, to enhance the molecular specificity of the 3D RI measurement. The 3D RI distribution and 3D deconvoluted fluorescence images of HeLa cells and NIH-3T3 cells are measured, and the cross-correlative analysis between RI and fluorescence of live cells are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoohyun Kim
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Current address: Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Wei Sun Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | | | | | | | - Won Do Heo
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - YongKeun Park
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- TomoCube Inc., Daejeon 34051, South Korea
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