1
|
Hellen DJ, Fay ME, Lee DH, Klindt-Morgan C, Bennett A, Pachura KJ, Grakoui A, Huppert SS, Dawson PA, Lam WA, Karpen SJ. BiliQML: a supervised machine-learning model to quantify biliary forms from digitized whole slide liver histopathological images. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 327:G1-G15. [PMID: 38651949 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00058.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The progress of research focused on cholangiocytes and the biliary tree during development and following injury is hindered by limited available quantitative methodologies. Current techniques include two-dimensional standard histological cell-counting approaches, which are rapidly performed, error prone, and lack architectural context or three-dimensional analysis of the biliary tree in opacified livers, which introduce technical issues along with minimal quantitation. The present study aims to fill these quantitative gaps with a supervised machine-learning model (BiliQML) able to quantify biliary forms in the liver of anti-keratin 19 antibody-stained whole slide images. Training utilized 5,019 researcher-labeled biliary forms, which following feature selection, and algorithm optimization, generated an F score of 0.87. Application of BiliQML on seven separate cholangiopathy models [genetic (Afp-CRE;Pkd1l1null/Fl, Alb-CRE;Rbp-jkfl/fl, and Albumin-CRE;ROSANICD), surgical (bile duct ligation), toxicological (3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine), and therapeutic (Cyp2c70-/- with ileal bile acid transporter inhibition)] allowed for a means to validate the capabilities and utility of this platform. The results from BiliQML quantification revealed biological and pathological differences across these seven diverse models, indicating a highly sensitive, robust, and scalable methodology for the quantification of distinct biliary forms. BiliQML is the first comprehensive machine-learning platform for biliary form analysis, adding much-needed morphologic context to standard immunofluorescence-based histology, and provides clinical and basic science researchers with a novel tool for the characterization of cholangiopathies.NEW & NOTEWORTHY BiliQML is the first comprehensive machine-learning platform for biliary form analysis in whole slide histopathological images. This platform provides clinical and basic science researchers with a novel tool for the improved quantification and characterization of biliary tract disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominick J Hellen
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Meredith E Fay
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - David H Lee
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Caroline Klindt-Morgan
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Ashley Bennett
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Kimberly J Pachura
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Arash Grakoui
- Emory National Primate Research Center, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Stacey S Huppert
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Paul A Dawson
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Wilbur A Lam
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Saul J Karpen
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang J, Zhang X, Liu H, Wang P, Li L, Bionaz M, Lin P, Yao J. Altered bile acid and correlations with gut microbiome in transition dairy cows with different glucose and lipid metabolism status. J Dairy Sci 2024:S0022-0302(24)00959-7. [PMID: 38908707 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2024-24658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
The transition from pregnancy to lactation is critical in dairy cows. Among others, dairy cows experience a metabolic stress due to a large change in glucose and lipid metabolism. Recent studies revealed that bile acids (BA), besides being involved in both the emulsification and solubilization of fats during intestinal absorption, can also affect the metabolism of glucose and lipids, both directly or indirectly by affecting the gut microbiota. Thus, we used untargeted and targeted metabolomics and 16S rRNA sequencing approaches to investigate the concentration of plasma metabolites and BA, the composition of the rectum microbial community, and assess their interaction in transition dairy cows. In Experiment 1, we investigated BA and other blood parameters and gut microbiota in dairy cows without clinical diseases during the transition period, which can be seen as well adapted to the challenge of changed glucose and lipid metabolism. As expected, we detected an increased plasma concentration of β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) but decreased concentration of glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides (TG). Untargeted metabolomic analysis of the plasma revealed primary BA biosynthesis was one of the affected pathways, and was consistent with the increased concentration of BA in the plasma. A correlation approach revealed a complex association between BA and microbiota with the host plasma concentration of glucose and lipid metabolites. Among BA, chenodeoxycholic acid derivates such as glycolithocholic acid, taurolithocholic acid, lithocholic acid, taurochenodeoxycholic acid, and taurodeoxycholic acid were the main hub nodes connecting microbe and blood metabolites (such as glucose, TG, and NEFA). In Experiment 2, we investigated early postpartum dairy cows with or without hyperketonemia (HPK). As expected, HPK cows had increased concentration of NEFA and decreased concentrations of glucose and triglycerides. The untargeted metabolomic analysis of the plasma revealed that primary BA biosynthesis was also one of the affected pathways. Even though the BA concentration was similar among the 2 groups, the profiles of taurine conjugated BA changed significantly. A correlation analysis also revealed an association between BA and microbiota with the concentration in plasma of glucose and lipid metabolites (such as BHBA). Among BA, cholic acid and its derivates such as taurocholic acid, tauro α-muricholic acid, and taurodeoxycholic acid were the main hub nodes connecting microbe and blood metabolites. Our results indicated an association between BA, intestinal microbe, and glucose and lipid metabolism in transition dairy cows. These findings provide new insight into the adaptation mechanisms of dairy cows during the transition period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huifeng Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peiyue Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Massimo Bionaz
- Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331
| | - Pengfei Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Junhu Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Niu YR, Yu HN, Yan ZH, Yan XH. Multiomics Analysis Reveals Leucine Deprivation Promotes Bile Acid Synthesis by Upregulating Hepatic CYP7A1 and Intestinal Turicibacter sanguinis in Mice. J Nutr 2024:S0022-3166(24)00236-0. [PMID: 38692354 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leucine, a branched-chain amino acid, participates in the regulation of lipid metabolism and the composition of the intestinal microbiota. However, the related mechanism remains unclear. OBJECTIVES Here, we aimed to reveal the potential mechanisms by which hepatic CYP7A1 (a rate-limiting enzyme for bile acid [BA] synthesis) and gut microbiota coregulate BA synthesis under leucine deprivation. METHODS To this end, 8-wk-old C57BL/6J mice were fed with either regular diets or leucine-free diets for 1 wk. Then, we investigated whether secondary BAs were synthesized by Turicibacter sanguinis in 7-wk-old C57BL/6J germ-free mice gavaged with T. sanguinis for 2 wk by determining BA concentrations in the plasma, liver, and cecum contents using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS The results showed that leucine deprivation resulted in a significant increase in total BA concentration in the plasma and an increase in the liver, but no difference in total BA was observed in the cecum contents before and after leucine deprivation. Furthermore, leucine deprivation significantly altered BA profiles such as taurocholic acid and ω-muricholic acid in the plasma, liver, and cecum contents. CYP7A1 expression was significantly upregulated in the liver under leucine deprivation. Leucine deprivation also regulated the composition of the gut microbiota; specifically, it significantly upregulated the relative abundance of T. sanguinis, thus enhancing the conversion of primary BAs into secondary BAs by intestinal T. sanguinis in mice. CONCLUSIONS Overall, leucine deprivation regulated BA profiles in enterohepatic circulation by upregulating hepatic CYP7A1 expression and increasing intestinal T. sanguinis abundance. Our findings reveal the contribution of gut microbiota to BA metabolism under dietary leucine deprivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Rong Niu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hao-Nan Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhen-Hong Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiang-Hua Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Riddle MR, Nguyen NK, Nave M, Peuß R, Maldonado E, Rohner N, Tabin CJ. Host evolution shapes gut microbiome composition in Astyanax mexicanus. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11192. [PMID: 38571802 PMCID: PMC10985381 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The ecological and genetic changes that underlie the evolution of host-microbe interactions remain elusive, primarily due to challenges in disentangling the variables that alter microbiome composition. To understand the impact of host habitat, host genetics, and evolutionary history on microbial community structure, we examined gut microbiomes of river- and three cave-adapted morphotypes of the Mexican tetra, Astyanax mexicanus, in their natural environments and under controlled laboratory conditions. Field-collected samples were dominated by very few taxa and showed considerable interindividual variation. We found that lab-reared fish exhibited increased microbiome richness and distinct composition compared to their wild counterparts, underscoring the significant influence of habitat. Most notably, however, we found that morphotypes reared on the same diet throughout life developed distinct microbiomes suggesting that genetic loci resulting from cavefish evolution shape microbiome composition. We observed stable differences in Fusobacteriota abundance between morphotypes and demonstrated that this could be used as a trait for quantitative trait loci mapping to uncover the genetic basis of microbial community structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Robert Peuß
- Institute for Evolution and BiodiversityUniversity of MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Ernesto Maldonado
- Institute of Marine Sciences and LimnologyUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, UNAMPuerto MorelosMexico
| | - Nicolas Rohner
- Stowers Institute for Medical ResearchKansas CityMissouriUSA
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang Q, Hutchison ER, Pan C, Warren MF, Keller MP, Attie AD, Lusis AJ, Rey FE. Systems genetics approach uncovers associations between host amylase locus, gut microbiome and metabolic traits in hyperlipidemic mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.28.582610. [PMID: 38464150 PMCID: PMC10925268 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.28.582610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The molecular basis for how host genetic variation impacts gut microbial community and bacterial metabolic niches remain largely unknown. We leveraged 90 inbred hyperlipidemic mouse strains from the Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel (HMDP), previously studied for a variety of cardio-metabolic traits. Metagenomic analysis of cecal DNA followed by genome-wide association analysis identified genomic loci that were associated with microbial enterotypes in the gut. Among these we detected a genetic locus surrounding multiple amylase genes that was associated with abundances of Firmicutes (Lachnospiraceae family) and Bacteroidetes (Muribaculaceae family) taxa encoding distinct starch and sugar metabolism functions. We also found that lower amylase gene number in the mouse genome was associated with higher gut Muribaculaceae levels. Previous work suggests that modulation of host amylase activity impacts the availability of carbohydrates to the host and potentially to gut bacteria. The genetic variants described above were associated with distinct gut microbial communities (enterotypes) with different predicted metabolic capacities for carbohydrate degradation. Mendelian randomization analysis revealed host phenotypes, including liver fibrosis and plasma HDL-cholesterol levels, that were associated with gut microbiome enterotypes. This work reveals novel relationships between host genetic variation, gut microbial enterotypes and host physiology/disease phenotypes in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qijun Zhang
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Evan R. Hutchison
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Calvin Pan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Matthew F. Warren
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Mark P. Keller
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Alan D. Attie
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Aldons J. Lusis
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Federico E. Rey
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liang X, Zheng X, Wang P, Zhang H, Ma Y, Liang H, Zhang Z. Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis F1-7 Alleviates Lipid Accumulation in Atherosclerotic Mice via Modulating Bile Acid Metabolites to Downregulate Intestinal FXR. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:2585-2597. [PMID: 38285537 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
The dysfunction of intestinal microbiota and bile acid metabolism is related to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. This study we explored the mechanism of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis F1-7 (Bif. animalis F1-7), improving atherosclerosis by regulating the bile acid metabolism and intestinal microbiota in the ApoE-/- mice. The Bif. animalis F1-7 effectively reduced aortic plaque accumulation and improved the serum and liver lipid levels in atherosclerotic mice. The untargeted metabolomics revealed that Bif. animalis F1-7 reduced the glycine-conjugated bile acids and the levels of differential metabolite lithocholic acid (LCA) significantly. Downregulation of LCA decreased the intestinal levels of the farnesoid X-activated receptor (FXR) and regulated the bile acid metabolism through the FXR/FGF15/CYP7A1 pathway. Furthermore, the 16srRNA gene sequencing analysis revealed that structural changes in intestinal microbiota with an increase in the abundance of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Faecalibaculum, Desulfovibrio, and a decrease in Dubosiella, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, and Turicibacter following the Bif. animalis F1-7 intervention. Correlation analysis showed that the changes in intestinal microbiota mentioned above were significantly correlated with bile acid metabolism in atherosclerotic mice. In conclusion, this study sheds light on the mechanisms by which Bif. animalis F1-7 regulates atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266100, Shandong China
| | - Xiumei Zheng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266100, Shandong China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266100, Shandong China
| | - Huaqi Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266100, Shandong China
| | - Yiqing Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266100, Shandong China
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266100, Shandong China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lou J, Cui S, Li J, Jin G, Fan Y, Huang N. Causal relationship between the gut microbiome and basal cell carcinoma, melanoma skin cancer, ease of skin tanning: evidence from three two-sample mendelian randomisation studies. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1279680. [PMID: 38304424 PMCID: PMC10830803 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1279680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The present study used publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data to perform three two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) studies, aiming to examine the causal links between gut microbiome and BCC, melanoma skin cancer, ease of skin tanning. Methods SNPs associated with exposures to basal cell carcinoma, melanoma skin cancer and ease of skin tanning from the genome-wide association study data of UK Biobank and MRC-IEU (MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit), and the meta-analysis data from Biobank and MRC-IEU were used as instrumental variables (IVs). The casual estimates were assessed with a two-sample Mendelian randomisation test using the inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) method, Wald ratio, MR-Egger method, maximum likelihood, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode. Results After the application of MR analysis, diffirent effects of multiple groups of gut microbiota was observed for BCC, melanoma skin cancer and ease of skin tanning. The relationships between the gut microbiome and BCC, melanoma skin cancer, ease of skin tanning were supported by a suite of sensitivity analyses, with no statistical evidence of instrument heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy. Further investigation is required to explore the relationship between between the gut microbiome and BCC, melanoma skin cancer, ease of skin tanning. Conclusion Our study initially identified potential causal roles between the gut microbiome and BCC, melanoma skin cancer, ease of skin tanning, and highlighted the role of gut microbiome in the progression of basal cell carcinoma, melanoma skin cancer, ease of skin tanning.
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhao R, Ji Y, Chen X, Ma G, Yao H, Li J, Hu Q, Zhao L. Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides regulate lipid metabolism disorders in HFD-fed mice via bile acids metabolism. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127308. [PMID: 37832619 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Our recent study demonstrated that the dynamic changes of gut microbiota mediated by Flammulina velutipes polysaccharide (FVP) could effectively regulate the lipid metabolism in high fat diet-fed (HFD-fed) obese mice model. In this paper, further research was carried out by examining the bile acid (BAs) profiles, as well as the BAs metabolic pathways changes in obese mice. Furthermore, the regulatory effect of BAs on lipid metabolism was verified by 3 T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation model. The FVP administration resulted in lower BAs content in plasma of obese mice. From the qRT-PCR analysis, FVP could relieve cholestasis in obese mice through altering the BAs metabolic pathways, changing the related genes expressions in mice liver and ileum. The cholic acid (CA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA) and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) were selected in cell experiment which all reduced the intracellular triglyceride content and increased the expression of AMPKα1 in 3 T3-L1 adipocytes. Furthermore, CA and CDCA were found increased the expression of PPARα. In combination with our previous research, we further confirmed in this paper that the changes of BAs metabolism caused by FVP showed a positive effect on lipid metabolism, both in obese mice and 3 T3-L1 adipocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqiu Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China; College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Ji
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaoxing Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongliang Yao
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Science, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuhui Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
He K, Gao Q, Su J, Shang H, Meng X, Jiang S, Liu D, Huang B. Gut Microbiome and Metabolomics Study of Selenium-Enriched Kiwifruit Regulating Hyperlipidemia in Mice Induced by a High-Fat Diet. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:20386-20401. [PMID: 38055355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study showed that as a substitute for statins, selenium-enriched kiwifruit (Se-Kiwi) might reduce blood lipids and protect the liver in Kunming mice, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Metabolic regulation of mammalian intestinal microflora plays an important role in obesity and related diseases induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). Here, samples of serum, liver, colon, and fresh feces from the Se-Kiwi-treated hyperlipidemia C57BL/6J mouse model were collected. Based on metabolome (UHPLC-Q-TOF MS) and gut microbiome (16S rDNA) analyses as well as the integrative analysis of physiological and biochemical indices and pathological data of mice, we aimed to systematically illustrate the gut microbiome and metabolomics mechanism of Se-Kiwi in HFD-induced hyperlipidemic mice. As a result, Se-Kiwi can significantly increase the abundance of potentially beneficial gut bacteria such as Parabacteroides, Bacteroides, and Allobaculum in the colon and improve hyperlipidemia by regulating the digestion and absorption of vitamins, pyrimidine metabolism, purine metabolism, and other metabolic pathways, which have been confirmed by the following fecal microbiota transplantation experiment. This process was significantly regulated by the Ada, Gda, Pank1, Ppara, Pparg, and Cd36 genes. These findings may provide a theoretical basis for the research and development of selenium-enriched functional foods in the treatment of hyperlipidemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kan He
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Jinxing Su
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Hai Shang
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Xia Meng
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Shangquan Jiang
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Dahai Liu
- School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Bei Huang
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei Anhui, 230601, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cheng W, Zhou X, Jin C, Wu J, Xia Y, Lu M, Yang Y, Jin X, Ji F, Wang B. Acid-base transformative HADLA micelles alleviate colitis by restoring adaptive immunity and gut microbiome. J Control Release 2023; 364:283-296. [PMID: 37898344 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a worldwide public health issue with an increasing number of patients annually. However, there is no curative drug for IBD, and the present medication for IBD generally focuses on suppressing hyperactive immune responses, which can only delay disease progression but inevitably induce off-target side effects, including infections and cancers. Herein, late-model orally administered nanotherapeutic micelles (HADLA) were developed based on a conjugate of hyaluronic acid (HA) and dehydrolithocholic acid (DLA), which was simple to achieve and obtained satisfactory therapeutic efficacy in a murine colitis model with a full safety profile. HADLA is capable of targeting inflammatory colon tissues, restoring intestinal barrier function and reducing intestinal epithelial cell death. Moreover, it modulates the adaptive immune system by inhibiting the activation of pathogenic T helper 17 (Th17) cells, and it exhibits more remarkable effects in preventing colitis than DLA alone. Finally, HADLA exhibits a remarkable ability to modulate dysregulated gut microbiomes by increasing beneficial probiotics and decreasing pathogenic bacteria, such as Turicibacter. Compared with the current systemic or subcutaneous administration of biologics, this study opens new avenues in the oral delivery of immune-modulating nanomedicine and introduces DLA as a new medication for IBD treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weixin Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xinxin Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Ciliang Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jicheng Wu
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yi Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Miaomiao Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Yida Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xi Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Feng Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Ben Wang
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang S, Zhang H, Zhang C, Wang G, Shi C, Li Z, Gao F, Cui Y, Li M, Yang G. Composition and evolutionary characterization of the gut microbiota in pigs. Int Microbiol 2023:10.1007/s10123-023-00449-8. [PMID: 37982990 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-023-00449-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota plays significant role in the physiology and functioning of host organisms. However, there is limited knowledge of the composition and evolution of microbiota-host relationships from wild ancestors to modern domesticated species. In this study, the 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 in the intestinal contents of different pig breeds was analyzed and was compared using high-throughput sequencing. This identified 18 323 amplicon sequence variants, of which the Firmicutes and Actinobacteria phyla and Bifidobacterium and Allobaculum genera were most prevalent in wild pigs (WP). In contrast, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes predominated in Chinese Shanxi Black pigs (CSB), while Firmicutes were the most prevalent phylum in Large White pigs (LW) and Iberian pigs (IB), followed by Bacteroidetes in IB and Proteobacteria in LW. At the genus level, Shigella and Lactobacillus were most prevalent in CSB and LW, while Actinobacillus and Sarcina predominated in IB. Differential gene expression together with phylogenetic and functional analyses indicated significant differences in the relative abundance of microbial taxa between different pig breeds. Although many microbial taxa were common to both wild and domestic pigs, significant diversification was observed in bacterial genes that potentially influence host phenotypic traits. Overall, these findings suggested that both the composition and functions of the microbiota were closely associated with domestication and the evolutionary changes in the host. The members of the microbial communities were vertically transmitted in pigs, with evidence of co-evolution of both the hosts and their intestinal microbial communities. These results enhance our understanding and appreciation of the complex interactions between intestinal microbes and hosts and highlight the importance of applying this knowledge in agricultural and microbiological research.
Collapse
Grants
- (182107000041) the Foundation of Industry University Research Cooperation Project of He'nan Science and Technology Committee of China
- (182107000041) the Foundation of Industry University Research Cooperation Project of He'nan Science and Technology Committee of China
- (182107000041) the Foundation of Industry University Research Cooperation Project of He'nan Science and Technology Committee of China
- (182107000041) the Foundation of Industry University Research Cooperation Project of He'nan Science and Technology Committee of China
- (182107000041) the Foundation of Industry University Research Cooperation Project of He'nan Science and Technology Committee of China
- (182107000041) the Foundation of Industry University Research Cooperation Project of He'nan Science and Technology Committee of China
- (182107000041) the Foundation of Industry University Research Cooperation Project of He'nan Science and Technology Committee of China
- (182107000041) the Foundation of Industry University Research Cooperation Project of He'nan Science and Technology Committee of China
- (182107000041) the Foundation of Industry University Research Cooperation Project of He'nan Science and Technology Committee of China
- (182107000041) the Foundation of Industry University Research Cooperation Project of He'nan Science and Technology Committee of China
- (092102110088, 212102110001, 22210320010) the Key R&D and Promotion Program in Henan Province of China
- (092102110088, 212102110001, 22210320010) the Key R&D and Promotion Program in Henan Province of China
- (092102110088, 212102110001, 22210320010) the Key R&D and Promotion Program in Henan Province of China
- (092102110088, 212102110001, 22210320010) the Key R&D and Promotion Program in Henan Province of China
- (092102110088, 212102110001, 22210320010) the Key R&D and Promotion Program in Henan Province of China
- (092102110088, 212102110001, 22210320010) the Key R&D and Promotion Program in Henan Province of China
- (092102110088, 212102110001, 22210320010) the Key R&D and Promotion Program in Henan Province of China
- (092102110088, 212102110001, 22210320010) the Key R&D and Promotion Program in Henan Province of China
- (092102110088, 212102110001, 22210320010) the Key R&D and Promotion Program in Henan Province of China
- (092102110088, 212102110001, 22210320010) the Key R&D and Promotion Program in Henan Province of China
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuhong Zhang
- College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Guan Wang
- College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, China
| | - Chuanxing Shi
- College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, China
| | - Fengyi Gao
- College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, China
| | - Yanyan Cui
- College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, China
| | - Ming Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Guangli Yang
- College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hou Y, Zhai X, Wang X, Wu Y, Wang H, Qin Y, Han J, Meng Y. Research progress on the relationship between bile acid metabolism and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:235. [PMID: 37978556 PMCID: PMC10656899 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01207-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Bile acids, which are steroid molecules originating from cholesterol and synthesized in the liver, play a pivotal role in regulating glucose metabolism and maintaining energy balance. Upon release into the intestine alongside bile, they activate various nuclear and membrane receptors, influencing crucial processes. These bile acids have emerged as significant contributors to managing type 2 diabetes mellitus, a complex clinical syndrome primarily driven by insulin resistance. Bile acids substantially lower blood glucose levels through multiple pathways: BA-FXR-SHP, BA-FXR-FGFR15/19, BA-TGR5-GLP-1, and BA-TGR5-cAMP. They also impact blood glucose regulation by influencing intestinal flora, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and bitter taste receptors. Collectively, these regulatory mechanisms enhance insulin sensitivity, stimulate insulin secretion, and boost energy expenditure. This review aims to comprehensively explore the interplay between bile acid metabolism and T2DM, focusing on primary regulatory pathways. By examining the latest advancements in our understanding of these interactions, we aim to illuminate potential therapeutic strategies and identify areas for future research. Additionally, this review critically assesses current research limitations to contribute to the effective management of T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yisen Hou
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, 710018, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinzhe Zhai
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Heyue Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaxin Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianli Han
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong Meng
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, 710018, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Salvador AC, Huda MN, Arends D, Elsaadi AM, Gacasan CA, Brockmann GA, Valdar W, Bennett BJ, Threadgill DW. Analysis of strain, sex, and diet-dependent modulation of gut microbiota reveals candidate keystone organisms driving microbial diversity in response to American and ketogenic diets. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:220. [PMID: 37784178 PMCID: PMC10546677 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01588-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiota is modulated by a combination of diet, host genetics, and sex effects. The magnitude of these effects and interactions among them is important to understanding inter-individual variability in gut microbiota. In a previous study, mouse strain-specific responses to American and ketogenic diets were observed along with several QTLs for metabolic traits. In the current study, we searched for genetic variants underlying differences in the gut microbiota in response to American and ketogenic diets, which are high in fat and vary in carbohydrate composition, between C57BL/6 J (B6) and FVB/NJ (FVB) mouse strains. RESULTS Genetic mapping of microbial features revealed 18 loci under the QTL model (i.e., marginal effects that are not specific to diet or sex), 12 loci under the QTL by diet model, and 1 locus under the QTL by sex model. Multiple metabolic and microbial features map to the distal part of Chr 1 and Chr 16 along with eigenvectors extracted from principal coordinate analysis of measures of β-diversity. Bilophila, Ruminiclostridium 9, and Rikenella (Chr 1) were identified as sex- and diet-independent QTL candidate keystone organisms, and Parabacteroides (Chr 16) was identified as a diet-specific, candidate keystone organism in confirmatory factor analyses of traits mapping to these regions. For many microbial features, irrespective of which QTL model was used, diet or the interaction between diet and a genotype were the strongest predictors of the abundance of each microbial trait. Sex, while important to the analyses, was not as strong of a predictor for microbial abundances. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that sex, diet, and genetic background have different magnitudes of effects on inter-individual differences in gut microbiota. Therefore, Precision Nutrition through the integration of genetic variation, microbiota, and sex affecting microbiota variation will be important to predict response to diets varying in carbohydrate composition. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna C Salvador
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - M Nazmul Huda
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95616, USA
- Obesity and Metabolism Unit, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA-ARS, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Danny Arends
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institut, 10115, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ahmed M Elsaadi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - C Anthony Gacasan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | | | - William Valdar
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Brian J Bennett
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95616, USA
- Obesity and Metabolism Unit, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA-ARS, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - David W Threadgill
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li A, Li F, Song W, Lei Z, Sha Q, Liu S, Zhou C, Zhang X, Li X, Schatten H, Zhang T, Sun Q, Ou X. Gut microbiota-bile acid-vitamin D axis plays an important role in determining oocyte quality and embryonic development. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1236. [PMID: 37846137 PMCID: PMC10580005 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To reveal whether gut microbiota and their metabolites are correlated with oocyte quality decline caused by circadian rhythm disruption, and to search possible approaches for improving oocyte quality. DESIGN A mouse model exposed to continuous light was established. The oocyte quality, embryonic development, microbial metabolites and gut microbiota were analyzed. Intragastric administration of microbial metabolites was conducted to confirm the relationship between gut microbiota and oocyte quality and embryonic development. RESULTS Firstly, we found that oocyte quality and embryonic development decreased in mice exposed to continuous light. Through metabolomics profiling and 16S rDNA-seq, we found that the intestinal absorption capacity of vitamin D was decreased due to significant decrease of bile acids such as lithocholic acid (LCA), which was significantly associated with increased abundance of Turicibacter. Subsequently, the concentrations of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) hormone in blood and melatonin in follicular fluid were reduced, which is the main reason for the decline of oocyte quality and early embryonic development, and this was rescued by injection of vitamin D3 (VD3). Secondly, melatonin rescued oocyte quality and embryonic development by increasing the concentration of lithocholic acid and reducing the concentration of oxidative stress metabolites in the intestine. Thirdly, we found six metabolites that could rescue oocyte quality and early embryonic development, among which LCA of 30 mg/kg and NorDCA of 15 mg/kg had the best rescue effect. CONCLUSION These findings confirm the link between ovarian function and gut microbiota regulation by microbial metabolites and have potential value for improving ovary function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ang Li
- Fertility Preservation LabGuangdong‐Hong Kong Metabolism and Reproduction Joint LaboratoryReproductive Medicine CenterGuangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland LivestockCollege of Life SciencesInner Mongolia UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Fei Li
- Fertility Preservation LabGuangdong‐Hong Kong Metabolism and Reproduction Joint LaboratoryReproductive Medicine CenterGuangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhouChina
| | - Wei Song
- Fertility Preservation LabGuangdong‐Hong Kong Metabolism and Reproduction Joint LaboratoryReproductive Medicine CenterGuangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhouChina
| | - Zi‐Li Lei
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineKey Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic DisorderMinistry of Education of ChinaInstitute of Chinese MedicineGuangdong Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Key Laboratory for Metabolic DiseasesGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Qian‐Qian Sha
- Fertility Preservation LabGuangdong‐Hong Kong Metabolism and Reproduction Joint LaboratoryReproductive Medicine CenterGuangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhouChina
| | - Shao‐Yuan Liu
- Fertility Preservation LabGuangdong‐Hong Kong Metabolism and Reproduction Joint LaboratoryReproductive Medicine CenterGuangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhouChina
| | - Chang‐Yin Zhou
- Fertility Preservation LabGuangdong‐Hong Kong Metabolism and Reproduction Joint LaboratoryReproductive Medicine CenterGuangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhouChina
| | - Xue Zhang
- Fertility Preservation LabGuangdong‐Hong Kong Metabolism and Reproduction Joint LaboratoryReproductive Medicine CenterGuangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiao‐Zhen Li
- Fertility Preservation LabGuangdong‐Hong Kong Metabolism and Reproduction Joint LaboratoryReproductive Medicine CenterGuangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhouChina
| | - Heide Schatten
- Department of Veterinary PathobiologyUniversity of Missouri‐ColumbiaColumbiaMissouriUSA
| | - Teng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland LivestockCollege of Life SciencesInner Mongolia UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Qing‐Yuan Sun
- Fertility Preservation LabGuangdong‐Hong Kong Metabolism and Reproduction Joint LaboratoryReproductive Medicine CenterGuangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiang‐Hong Ou
- Fertility Preservation LabGuangdong‐Hong Kong Metabolism and Reproduction Joint LaboratoryReproductive Medicine CenterGuangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mezhibovsky E, Tveter KM, Villa-Rodriguez JA, Bacalia K, Kshatriya D, Desai N, Cabales A, Wu Y, Sui K, Duran RM, Bello NT, Roopchand DE. Grape Polyphenols May Prevent High-Fat Diet-Induced Dampening of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Male Mice. J Endocr Soc 2023; 7:bvad095. [PMID: 37538101 PMCID: PMC10396072 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvad095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Context Chronic high-fat diet (HFD) consumption causes obesity associated with retention of bile acids (BAs) that suppress important regulatory axes, such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA). HFD impairs nutrient sensing and energy balance due to a dampening of the HPAA and reduced production and peripheral metabolism of corticosterone (CORT). Objective We assessed whether proanthocyanidin-rich grape polyphenol (GP) extract can prevent HFD-induced energy imbalance and HPAA dysregulation. Methods Male C57BL6/J mice were fed HFD or HFD supplemented with 0.5% w/w GPs (HFD-GP) for 17 weeks. Results GP supplementation reduced body weight gain and liver fat while increasing circadian rhythms of energy expenditure and HPAA-regulating hormones, CORT, leptin, and PYY. GP-induced improvements were accompanied by reduced mRNA levels of Il6, Il1b, and Tnfa in ileal or hepatic tissues and lower cecal abundance of Firmicutes, including known BA metabolizers. GP-supplemented mice had lower concentrations of circulating BAs, including hydrophobic and HPAA-inhibiting BAs, but higher cecal levels of taurine-conjugated BAs antagonistic to farnesoid X receptor (FXR). Compared with HFD-fed mice, GP-supplemented mice had increased mRNA levels of hepatic Cyp7a1 and Cyp27a1, suggesting reduced FXR activation and more BA synthesis. GP-supplemented mice also had reduced hepatic Abcc3 and ileal Ibabp and Ostβ, indicative of less BA transfer into enterocytes and circulation. Relative to HFD-fed mice, CORT and BA metabolizing enzymes (Akr1d1 and Srd5a1) were increased, and Hsd11b1 was decreased in GP supplemented mice. Conclusion GPs may attenuate HFD-induced weight gain by improving hormonal control of the HPAA and inducing a BA profile with less cytotoxicity and HPAA inhibition, but greater FXR antagonism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Mezhibovsky
- Department of Food Science and NJ Institute for Food Nutrition and Health (Rutgers Center for Lipid Research; Center for Nutrition Microbiome and Health), Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences Graduate Program, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Kevin M Tveter
- Department of Food Science and NJ Institute for Food Nutrition and Health (Rutgers Center for Lipid Research; Center for Nutrition Microbiome and Health), Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Jose A Villa-Rodriguez
- Department of Food Science and NJ Institute for Food Nutrition and Health (Rutgers Center for Lipid Research; Center for Nutrition Microbiome and Health), Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Karen Bacalia
- Department of Food Science and NJ Institute for Food Nutrition and Health (Rutgers Center for Lipid Research; Center for Nutrition Microbiome and Health), Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences Graduate Program, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Dushyant Kshatriya
- Department of Nutritional Sciences Graduate Program, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Nikhil Desai
- Department of Food Science and NJ Institute for Food Nutrition and Health (Rutgers Center for Lipid Research; Center for Nutrition Microbiome and Health), Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Alrick Cabales
- Department of Food Science and NJ Institute for Food Nutrition and Health (Rutgers Center for Lipid Research; Center for Nutrition Microbiome and Health), Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Food Science and NJ Institute for Food Nutrition and Health (Rutgers Center for Lipid Research; Center for Nutrition Microbiome and Health), Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Ke Sui
- Department of Food Science and NJ Institute for Food Nutrition and Health (Rutgers Center for Lipid Research; Center for Nutrition Microbiome and Health), Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Rocio M Duran
- Department of Food Science and NJ Institute for Food Nutrition and Health (Rutgers Center for Lipid Research; Center for Nutrition Microbiome and Health), Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Nicholas T Bello
- Department of Animal Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Diana E Roopchand
- Department of Food Science and NJ Institute for Food Nutrition and Health (Rutgers Center for Lipid Research; Center for Nutrition Microbiome and Health), Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences Graduate Program, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lynch JB, Gonzalez EL, Choy K, Faull KF, Jewell T, Arellano A, Liang J, Yu KB, Paramo J, Hsiao EY. Gut microbiota Turicibacter strains differentially modify bile acids and host lipids. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3669. [PMID: 37339963 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39403-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria from the Turicibacter genus are prominent members of the mammalian gut microbiota and correlate with alterations in dietary fat and body weight, but the specific connections between these symbionts and host physiology are poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we characterize a diverse set of mouse- and human-derived Turicibacter isolates, and find they group into clades that differ in their transformations of specific bile acids. We identify Turicibacter bile salt hydrolases that confer strain-specific differences in bile deconjugation. Using male and female gnotobiotic mice, we find colonization with individual Turicibacter strains leads to changes in host bile acid profiles, generally aligning with those produced in vitro. Further, colonizing mice with another bacterium exogenously expressing bile-modifying genes from Turicibacter strains decreases serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and adipose tissue mass. This identifies genes that enable Turicibacter strains to modify host bile acids and lipid metabolism, and positions Turicibacter bacteria as modulators of host fat biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan B Lynch
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Erika L Gonzalez
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Kayli Choy
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Kym F Faull
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | | | | | | | - Kristie B Yu
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jorge Paramo
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Elaine Y Hsiao
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kim M, Huda MN, Evans LW, Que E, Gertz ER, Maeda-Smithies N, Bennett BJ. Integrative analysis of hepatic transcriptional profiles reveals genetic regulation of atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic Diversity Outbred-F1 mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9475. [PMID: 37301941 PMCID: PMC10257719 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35917-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherogenesis is an insipidus but precipitating process leading to serious consequences of many cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Numerous genetic loci contributing to atherosclerosis have been identified in human genome-wide association studies, but these studies have limitations in the ability to control environmental factors and to decipher cause/effect relationships. To assess the power of hyperlipidemic Diversity Outbred (DO) mice in facilitating quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of complex traits, we generated a high-resolution genetic panel of atherosclerosis susceptible (DO-F1) mouse cohort by crossing 200 DO females with C57BL/6J males carrying two human genes: encoding apolipoprotein E3-Leiden and cholesterol ester transfer protein. We examined atherosclerotic traits including plasma lipids and glucose in the 235 female and 226 male progeny before and after 16 weeks of a high-fat/cholesterol diet, and aortic plaque size at 24 weeks. We also assessed the liver transcriptome using RNA-sequencing. Our QTL mapping for atherosclerotic traits identified one previously reported female-specific QTL on Chr10 with a narrower interval of 22.73 to 30.80 Mb, and one novel male-specific QTL at 31.89 to 40.25 Mb on Chr19. Liver transcription levels of several genes within each QTL were highly correlated with the atherogenic traits. A majority of these candidates have already known atherogenic potential in humans and/or mice, but integrative QTL, eQTL, and correlation analyses further pointed Ptprk as a major candidate of the Chr10 QTL, while Pten and Cyp2c67 of the Chr19 QTL in our DO-F1 cohort. Finally, through additional analyses of RNA-seq data we identified genetic regulation of hepatic transcription factors, including Nr1h3, contributes to atherogenesis in this cohort. Thus, an integrative approach using DO-F1 mice effectively validates the influence of genetic factors on atherosclerosis in DO mice and suggests an opportunity to discover therapeutics in the setting of hyperlipidemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myungsuk Kim
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung, Gangwon-Do, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - M Nazmul Huda
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Levi W Evans
- Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Excel Que
- Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Erik R Gertz
- Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Nobuyo Maeda-Smithies
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Brian J Bennett
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
- Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Davis, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Fan H, Liu X, Ren Z, Fei X, Luo J, Yang X, Xue Y, Zhang F, Liang B. Gut microbiota and cardiac arrhythmia. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1147687. [PMID: 37180433 PMCID: PMC10167053 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1147687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most prevalent cardiac diseases is cardiac arrhythmia, however the underlying causes are not entirely understood. There is a lot of proof that gut microbiota (GM) and its metabolites have a significant impact on cardiovascular health. In recent decades, intricate impacts of GM on cardiac arrythmia have been identified as prospective approaches for its prevention, development, treatment, and prognosis. In this review, we discuss about how GM and its metabolites might impact cardiac arrhythmia through a variety of mechanisms. We proposed to explore the relationship between the metabolites produced by GM dysbiosis including short-chain fatty acids(SCFA), Indoxyl sulfate(IS), trimethylamine N-oxide(TMAO), lipopolysaccharides(LPS), phenylacetylglutamine(PAGln), bile acids(BA), and the currently recognized mechanisms of cardiac arrhythmias including structural remodeling, electrophysiological remodeling, abnormal nervous system regulation and other disease associated with cardiac arrythmia, detailing the processes involving immune regulation, inflammation, and different types of programmed cell death etc., which presents a key aspect of the microbial-host cross-talk. In addition, how GM and its metabolites differ and change in atrial arrhythmias and ventricular arrhythmias populations compared with healthy people are also summarized. Then we introduced potential therapeutic strategies including probiotics and prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and immunomodulator etc. In conclusion, the GM has a significant impact on cardiac arrhythmia through a variety of mechanisms, offering a wide range of possible treatment options. The discovery of therapeutic interventions that reduce the risk of cardiac arrhythmia by altering GM and metabolites is a real challenge that lies ahead.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxuan Fan
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xuchang Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhaoyu Ren
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaoning Fei
- Clinical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yaya Xue
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Fenfang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Yangquan First People’s Hospital, Yangquan, Shanxi, China
| | - Bin Liang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Louca P, Meijnikman AS, Nogal A, Asnicar F, Attaye I, Vijay A, Kouraki A, Visconti A, Wong K, Berry SE, Leeming ER, Mompeo O, Tettamanzi F, Baleanu AF, Falchi M, Hadjigeorgiou G, Wolf J, Acherman YIZ, Van de Laar AW, Gerdes VEA, Michelotti GA, Franks PW, Segata N, Mangino M, Spector TD, Bulsiewicz WJ, Nieuwdorp M, Valdes AM, Menni C. The secondary bile acid isoursodeoxycholate correlates with post-prandial lipemia, inflammation, and appetite and changes post-bariatric surgery. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:100993. [PMID: 37023745 PMCID: PMC10140478 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.100993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Primary and secondary bile acids (BAs) influence metabolism and inflammation, and the gut microbiome modulates levels of BAs. We systematically explore the host genetic, gut microbial, and habitual dietary contribution to a panel of 19 serum and 15 stool BAs in two population-based cohorts (TwinsUK, n = 2,382; ZOE PREDICT-1, n = 327) and assess changes post-bariatric surgery and after nutritional interventions. We report that BAs have a moderately heritable genetic component, and the gut microbiome accurately predicts their levels in serum and stool. The secondary BA isoursodeoxycholate (isoUDCA) can be explained mostly by gut microbes (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] = ∼80%) and associates with post-prandial lipemia and inflammation (GlycA). Furthermore, circulating isoUDCA decreases significantly 1 year after bariatric surgery (β = -0.72, p = 1 × 10-5) and in response to fiber supplementation (β = -0.37, p < 0.03) but not omega-3 supplementation. In healthy individuals, isoUDCA fasting levels correlate with pre-meal appetite (p < 1 × 10-4). Our findings indicate an important role for isoUDCA in lipid metabolism, appetite, and, potentially, cardiometabolic risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panayiotis Louca
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, SE1 7EH London, UK
| | - Abraham S Meijnikman
- Department of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centre (UMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ana Nogal
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, SE1 7EH London, UK
| | | | - Ilias Attaye
- Department of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centre (UMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Amrita Vijay
- Nottingham NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at the School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NG5 1PB Nottingham, UK; Inflammation, Recovery and Injury Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NG5 1PB Nottingham, UK
| | - Afroditi Kouraki
- Nottingham NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at the School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NG5 1PB Nottingham, UK; Inflammation, Recovery and Injury Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NG5 1PB Nottingham, UK
| | - Alessia Visconti
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, SE1 7EH London, UK
| | - Kari Wong
- Metabolon, Research Triangle Park, Morrisville, NC, USA
| | - Sarah E Berry
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Emily R Leeming
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, SE1 7EH London, UK
| | - Olatz Mompeo
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, SE1 7EH London, UK
| | - Francesca Tettamanzi
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, SE1 7EH London, UK
| | - Andrei-Florin Baleanu
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, SE1 7EH London, UK
| | - Mario Falchi
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, SE1 7EH London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Victor E A Gerdes
- Department of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centre (UMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Paul W Franks
- Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Nicola Segata
- Department CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, SE1 7EH London, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' Foundation Trust, SE1 9RT London, UK
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, SE1 7EH London, UK
| | | | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centre (UMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ana M Valdes
- Nottingham NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at the School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NG5 1PB Nottingham, UK; Inflammation, Recovery and Injury Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NG5 1PB Nottingham, UK.
| | - Cristina Menni
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, SE1 7EH London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Genetic mapping of microbial and host traits reveals production of immunomodulatory lipids by Akkermansia muciniphila in the murine gut. Nat Microbiol 2023; 8:424-440. [PMID: 36759753 PMCID: PMC9981464 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-023-01326-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The molecular bases of how host genetic variation impacts the gut microbiome remain largely unknown. Here we used a genetically diverse mouse population and applied systems genetics strategies to identify interactions between host and microbe phenotypes including microbial functions, using faecal metagenomics, small intestinal transcripts and caecal lipids that influence microbe-host dynamics. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping identified murine genomic regions associated with variations in bacterial taxa; bacterial functions including motility, sporulation and lipopolysaccharide production and levels of bacterial- and host-derived lipids. We found overlapping QTL for the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila and caecal levels of ornithine lipids. Follow-up in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that A. muciniphila is a major source of these lipids in the gut, provided evidence that ornithine lipids have immunomodulatory effects and identified intestinal transcripts co-regulated with these traits including Atf3, which encodes for a transcription factor that plays vital roles in modulating metabolism and immunity. Collectively, these results suggest that ornithine lipids are potentially important for A. muciniphila-host interactions and support the role of host genetics as a determinant of responses to gut microbes.
Collapse
|
21
|
Impact of diet and host genetics on the murine intestinal mycobiome. Nat Commun 2023; 14:834. [PMID: 36788222 PMCID: PMC9929102 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36479-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian gut is home to a diverse microbial ecosystem, whose composition affects various physiological traits of the host. Next-generation sequencing-based metagenomic approaches demonstrated how the interplay of host genetics, bacteria, and environmental factors shape complex traits and clinical outcomes. However, the role of fungi in these complex interactions remains understudied. Here, using 228 males and 363 females from an advanced-intercross mouse line, we provide evidence that fungi are regulated by host genetics. In addition, we map quantitative trait loci associated with various fungal species to single genes in mice using whole genome sequencing and genotyping. Moreover, we show that diet and its' interaction with host genetics alter the composition of fungi in outbred mice, and identify fungal indicator species associated with different dietary regimes. Collectively, in this work, we uncover an association of the intestinal fungal community with host genetics and a regulatory role of diet in this ecological niche.
Collapse
|
22
|
Keane JM, Walsh CJ, Cronin P, Baker K, Melgar S, Cotter PD, Joyce SA, Gahan CGM, Houston A, Hyland NP. Investigation of the gut microbiome, bile acid composition and host immunoinflammatory response in a model of azoxymethane-induced colon cancer at discrete timepoints. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:528-536. [PMID: 36418894 PMCID: PMC9938136 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-02062-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Distinct sets of microbes contribute to colorectal cancer (CRC) initiation and progression. Some occur due to the evolving intestinal environment but may not contribute to disease. In contrast, others may play an important role at particular times during the tumorigenic process. Here, we describe changes in the microbiota and host over the course of azoxymethane (AOM)-induced tumorigenesis. METHODS Mice were administered AOM or PBS and were euthanised 8, 12, 24 and 48 weeks later. Samples were analysed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, UPLC-MS and qRT-PCR. RESULTS The microbiota and bile acid profile showed distinct changes at each timepoint. The inflammatory response became apparent at weeks 12 and 24. Moreover, significant correlations between individual taxa, cytokines and bile acids were detected. One co-abundance group (CAG) differed significantly between PBS- and AOM-treated mice at week 24. Correlation analysis also revealed significant associations between CAGs, bile acids and the bile acid transporter, ASBT. Aberrant crypt foci and adenomas were first detectable at weeks 24 and 48, respectively. CONCLUSION The observed changes precede host hyperplastic transformation and may represent early therapeutic targets for the prevention or management of CRC at specific timepoints in the tumorigenic process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Keane
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - C J Walsh
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland
| | - P Cronin
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - K Baker
- Department of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Pathology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - S Melgar
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - P D Cotter
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland
| | - S A Joyce
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - C G M Gahan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - A Houston
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
- Department of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - N P Hyland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Grieneisen L, Blekhman R, Archie E. How longitudinal data can contribute to our understanding of host genetic effects on the gut microbiome. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2178797. [PMID: 36794811 PMCID: PMC9980606 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2178797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A key component of microbiome research is understanding the role of host genetic influence on gut microbial composition. However, it can be difficult to link host genetics with gut microbial composition because host genetic similarity and environmental similarity are often correlated. Longitudinal microbiome data can supplement our understanding of the relative role of genetic processes in the microbiome. These data can reveal environmentally contingent host genetic effects, both in terms of controlling for environmental differences and in comparing how genetic effects differ by environment. Here, we explore four research areas where longitudinal data could lend new insights into host genetic effects on the microbiome: microbial heritability, microbial plasticity, microbial stability, and host and microbiome population genetics. We conclude with a discussion of methodological considerations for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Grieneisen
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Ran Blekhman
- Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elizabeth Archie
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wu Y, Peng X, Li X, Li D, Tan Z, Yu R. Sex hormones influence the intestinal microbiota composition in mice. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:964847. [PMID: 36386696 PMCID: PMC9659915 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.964847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex hormone secretion difference is one of the main reasons for sexually dimorphic traits in animals, which affects the dimorphism of the intestinal microbiota; however, their interaction is still unknown. Intestinal mucosa-associated microbiota (MAM) and intestinal luminal content microbiota (LM) belong to two different habitats according to the difference in interactions between bacteria and host intestinal epithelium/nutrients. To clarify the sexually dimorphic characteristics of MAM and LM and their correlation with sex hormones, 12 specific pathogen-free (SPF) Kunming mice from the same nest were fed separately according to sex. After 8 weeks, samples from the male intestinal mucosa group (MM group), the female intestinal mucosa group (FM group), the male intestinal content group (MC group), and the female intestinal content group (FC group) were collected and then, the next-generation sequencing of 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene was performed. Our results showed that the sexual dimorphism of MAM was more obvious than that of LM and the relative abundance of Muribaculaceae, Turicibacter, and Parasutterella was significantly higher in the FM group than in the MM group (p < 0.001, p < 0.05, p < 0.05). Next, we measured the level of serum sex hormones in mice and calculated the correlation coefficient between major bacteria and sex hormones. The results showed that the correlation between MAM and sex hormones was more prominent, and finally, three bacterial genera (Muribaculaceae, Turicibacter, and Parasutterella) were obtained, which could better represent the relationship between sexual dimorphism and sex hormones. The abundance of Parasutterella is positively and negatively correlated with estradiol and testosterone (T), respectively, which may be related to the differences in the metabolism of bile acid and glucose. A decrease in the abundance of Turicibacter is closely related to autism. Our results show that the abundance of Turicibacter is negatively and positively correlated with T and estradiol, respectively, which can provide a hint for the prevalence of male autism. In conclusion, it is proposed in our study that intestinal microbiota is probably the biological basis of physiological and pathological differences due to sex, and intestinal MAM can better represent the sexual dimorphism of mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wu
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Prescription and Syndromes Translational Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xinxin Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoya Li
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Prescription and Syndromes Translational Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Dandan Li
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Prescription and Syndromes Translational Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhoujin Tan
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Prescription and Syndromes Translational Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Yu
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Prescription and Syndromes Translational Medicine, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Li H, Perino A, Huang Q, Von Alvensleben GVG, Banaei-Esfahani A, Velazquez-Villegas LA, Gariani K, Korbelius M, Bou Sleiman M, Imbach J, Sun Y, Li X, Bachmann A, Goeminne LJE, Gallart-Ayala H, Williams EG, Ivanisevic J, Auwerx J, Schoonjans K. Integrative systems analysis identifies genetic and dietary modulators of bile acid homeostasis. Cell Metab 2022; 34:1594-1610.e4. [PMID: 36099916 PMCID: PMC9534359 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) are complex and incompletely understood enterohepatic-derived hormones that control whole-body metabolism. Here, we profiled postprandial BAs in the liver, feces, and plasma of 360 chow- or high-fat-diet-fed BXD male mice and demonstrated that both genetics and diet strongly influence BA abundance, composition, and correlation with metabolic traits. Through an integrated systems approach, we mapped hundreds of quantitative trait loci that modulate BAs and identified both known and unknown regulators of BA homeostasis. In particular, we discovered carboxylesterase 1c (Ces1c) as a genetic determinant of plasma tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), a BA species with established disease-preventing actions. The association between Ces1c and plasma TUDCA was validated using data from independent mouse cohorts and a Ces1c knockout mouse model. Collectively, our data are a unique resource to dissect the physiological importance of BAs as determinants of metabolic traits, as underscored by the identification of CES1C as a master regulator of plasma TUDCA levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Laboratory of Metabolic Signaling, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alessia Perino
- Laboratory of Metabolic Signaling, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Qingyao Huang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Signaling, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giacomo V G Von Alvensleben
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Amir Banaei-Esfahani
- Laboratory of Metabolic Signaling, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laura A Velazquez-Villegas
- Laboratory of Metabolic Signaling, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Karim Gariani
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Korbelius
- Laboratory of Metabolic Signaling, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maroun Bou Sleiman
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jéromine Imbach
- Laboratory of Metabolic Signaling, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yu Sun
- Laboratory of Metabolic Signaling, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Xiaoxu Li
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexis Bachmann
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ludger J E Goeminne
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hector Gallart-Ayala
- Metabolomics Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Evan G Williams
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julijana Ivanisevic
- Metabolomics Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Kristina Schoonjans
- Laboratory of Metabolic Signaling, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang Q, Fang Z, Li L, Wang H, Zhu J, Zhang P, Lee YK, Zhao J, Zhang H, Lu W, Chen W. Lactobacillus mucosae exerted different antiviral effects on respiratory syncytial virus infection in mice. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1001313. [PMID: 36090099 PMCID: PMC9459143 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1001313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is a constant threat to the health of young children, and this is mainly attributed to the lack of effective prevention strategies. This study aimed to determine whether Lactobacillus (L.) mucosae, a potential probiotic, could protect against respiratory viral infection in a mouse model. Naive 3–4-week-old BALB/c mice were orally administered with three L. mucosae strains (2.5 × 108 CFU/mouse) 7 days before RSV infection (105 TCID50/mouse). Results showed that all three strains inhibited RSV replication and reduced the proportions of inflammatory cells, including granulocytes and monocytes in the blood. The L. mucosae M104R01L3 treatment maintained stable weight in mice and increased interferon (IFN)-β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels. The L. mucosae DCC1HL5 treatment increased interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-10 levels. Moreover, the M104R01L3 and DCC1HL5 strains increased the proportions of Akkermansia, Alistipes, and Anaeroplasma which contributed to the advantageous modulation of the gut microbiota. Besides, L. mucosae affected the gut levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that are important for the antiviral response. L. mucosae 1,025 increased acetate, propionate, and butyrate levels, whereas L. mucosae M104R01L3 increased the level of acetate in the gut. L. mucosae M104R01L3 may protect against viral infection by upregulating the IFN-β levels in the lungs and its antiviral effect may be related to the increase of acetate levels in the gut. In conclusion, the three L. mucosae strains exerted antiviral effects against RSV infection by differentially regulating immune responses and intestinal micro-ecological balance. This study can provide a reference for studying the mechanisms underlying the antiviral effects of L. mucosae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhifeng Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Lingzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Hongchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jinlin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Pinghu Zhang
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yuan-kun Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Pharmabiotics and Antibiotic Resistance, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, China
- Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research, Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi, China
| | - Wenwei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Pharmabiotics and Antibiotic Resistance, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wenwei Lu,
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ding L, Ren S, Song Y, Zang C, Liu Y, Guo H, Yang W, Guan H, Liu J. Modulation of gut microbiota and fecal metabolites by corn silk among high-fat diet-induced hypercholesterolemia mice. Front Nutr 2022; 9:935612. [PMID: 35978956 PMCID: PMC9376456 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.935612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Corn silk (CS) is known to reduce cholesterol levels, but its underlying mechanisms remain elusive concerning the gut microbiota and metabolites. The aim of our work was to explore how altered gut microbiota composition and metabolite profile are influenced by CS intervention in mice using integrated 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing and an untargeted metabolomics methodology. The C57BL/6J mice were fed a normal control diet, a high-fat diet (HFD), and HFD supplemented with the aqueous extract of CS (80 mg/mL) for 8 weeks. HFD-induced chronic inflammation damage is alleviated by CS extract intervention and also resulted in a reduction in body weight, daily energy intake as well as serum and hepatic total cholesterol (TC) levels. In addition, CS extract altered gut microbial composition and regulated specific genera viz. Allobaculum, Turicibacter, Romboutsia, Streptococcus, Sporobacter, Christensenella, ClostridiumXVIII, and Rikenella. Using Spearman’s correlation analysis, we determined that Turicibacter and Rikenella were negatively correlated with hypercholesterolemia-related parameters. Fecal metabolomics analysis revealed that CS extract influences multiple metabolic pathways like histidine metabolism-related metabolites (urocanic acid, methylimidazole acetaldehyde, and methiodimethylimidazoleacetic acid), sphingolipid metabolism-related metabolites (sphinganine, 3-dehydrosphinganine, sphingosine), and some bile acids biosynthesis-related metabolites including chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), lithocholic acid (LCA), ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), and glycoursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA). As a whole, the present study indicates that the modifications in the gut microbiota and subsequent host bile acid metabolism may be a potential mechanism for the antihypercholesterolemic effects of CS extract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ding
- Department of Scientific Research, Science and Technology Achievement Transformation Center, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Shan Ren
- College of Basic Medical, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yaoxin Song
- Department of Scientific Research, Science and Technology Achievement Transformation Center, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Chuangang Zang
- Department of Scientific Research, Science and Technology Achievement Transformation Center, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yuchao Liu
- Department of Scientific Research, Science and Technology Achievement Transformation Center, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Hao Guo
- Department of Scientific Research, Science and Technology Achievement Transformation Center, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Wenqing Yang
- Department of Scientific Research, Science and Technology Achievement Transformation Center, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Hong Guan
- Department of Scientific Research, Science and Technology Achievement Transformation Center, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Jicheng Liu
- Department of Scientific Research, Science and Technology Achievement Transformation Center, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China.,Qiqihar Academy of Medical Sciences, Qiqihar, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang T, Li XJ, Qin LH, Liang X, Xue HH, Guo J, Li SF, Zhang LW. Better detoxifying effect of ripe forsythiae fructus over green forsythiae fructus and the potential mechanisms involving bile acids metabolism and gut microbiota. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:987695. [PMID: 36034807 PMCID: PMC9417252 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.987695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Forsythiae Fructus (FF), the fruit of Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl. (Lianqiao), is one of the most fundamental herbs in Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM), mainly due to its heat-clearing and detoxifying effects. There are two types of FF, the greenish fruits that start to ripen (GF) and the yellow fruits that are fully ripe (RF), called “Qingqiao” and “Laoqiao” referred to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, respectively. It undergoes a complex series of changes during the maturation of FF. However, the clinical uses and preparation of phytopharmaceuticals of FF have not been distinguished to date. Moreover, there is limited information on the study of the difference in pharmacological activity between RF and GF. In this study, a rat model of bile duct ligation (BDL)-induced cholestasis was used to compare the differences in their effects. RF was found to have better results than GF in addressing toxic bile acids (BAs) accumulation and related pathological conditions caused by BDL. The underlying mechanism may be related to the interventions of gut microbiota. The results of the present study suggest that the better detoxifying effect of RF than GF may be indirectly exerted through the regulation of gut microbiota and thus the improvement of BAs metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Institute of Molecule Science, Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Xu-Jiong Li
- Department of Physiology, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
- *Correspondence: Xu-Jiong Li, ; Li-Wei Zhang,
| | - Ling-Hao Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue Liang
- Institute of Molecule Science, Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Huan-Huan Xue
- Institute of Molecule Science, Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Institute of Molecule Science, Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Shi-Fei Li
- Institute of Molecule Science, Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Li-Wei Zhang
- Institute of Molecule Science, Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- *Correspondence: Xu-Jiong Li, ; Li-Wei Zhang,
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Yang B, Huang S, Zhao G, Ma Q. Dietary supplementation of porcine bile acids improves laying performance, serum lipid metabolism and cecal microbiota in late-phase laying hens. ANIMAL NUTRITION 2022; 11:283-292. [PMID: 36263401 PMCID: PMC9576542 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Due to the exceptional laying performance of hens, the demand on lipid metabolism and oxidation in vivo is vigorous, resulting in excessive lipid accumulation in late-phase hens, which lowers the production performance. Bile acids regulate lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in humans and animals. However, the effect of porcine bile acids on lipid metabolism and cecal microbiota in laying hens in the late phase is still unclear. A total of 360 healthy 45-week-old laying hens were chosen for a 24-week feeding trial, where 0, 30, 60 and 90 mg/kg porcine bile acids were added to a basal diet, respectively. The results showed that dietary supplementation of 60 mg/kg bile acids increased egg production and feed conversion (P < 0.05). Also, 60 and 90 mg/kg porcine bile acids reduced abdominal fat percentage and body weight (P < 0.05). The levels of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol of hens decreased (P < 0.05) in bile acids supplement groups. As for cecal microbiota, bile acids supplementation did not affect the alpha diversity of cecal microbiota at the genus level. Moreover, dietary supplementation of 90 mg/kg bile acids resulted in an increase in the abundance of beneficial bacteria in the cecum, such as Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Turicibacter. The changes in the cecal microbiota caused by bile acids supplementation correlated with serum lipid indexes. According to KEGG pathway analysis, dietary supplementation of 60 and 90 mg/kg bile acids promoted structural transformation of the cecal microbiota to down-regulate steroid biosynthesis, up-regulate fatty acid degradation and up-regulate unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. Meanwhile, bile acids bio-isomerization function of cecal microbiota was enhanced in 60 and 90 mg/kg bile acids treatment, and the short-chain fatty acid metabolism was also affected. In conclusion, the present study revealed dietary supplementation of porcine bile acids enriched probiotics in the gut and improved serum lipid metabolism of laying hens. These findings demonstrate that porcine bile acids can be a potential gut beneficial promoter for late-phase laying hens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Shimeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guoxian Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Qiugang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wang A, Guan B, Shao C, Zhao L, Li Q, Hao H, Gao Z, Chen K, Hou Y, Xu H. Qing-Xin-Jie-Yu Granule alleviates atherosclerosis by reshaping gut microbiota and metabolic homeostasis of ApoE-/- mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 103:154220. [PMID: 35675748 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis (AS) is a key pathological factor in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is characterized by high mortality and morbidity worldwide. Metabolic disorders, including pathoglycemia and dyslipidemia that lead to chronic inflammation, represent the prominent pathological characteristics of atherosclerotic CVD, Qing-Xin-Jie-Yu Granule (QXJYG) is a Chinese traditional decoction that has been clinically proven to be effective for patients with CVD. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been completely elucidated. PURPOSE To investigate the protective effects of QXJYG against AS and its potential mechanisms. METHODS QXJYG was orally administered at doses of 1.664 and 4.992 g·kg-1·d-1 in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced AS model using ApoE-/- mice. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses, ELISA, untargeted and targeted metabolomics analysis, 16S rRNA analysis, and RT-qPCR were performed to identify the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of QXJYG in treating HFD-induced AS. RESULTS QXJYG retarded HFD-induced weight gain and reduced the increased serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, whereas high-dose QXJYG increased the serum level of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol in HFD-fed ApoE-/- mice. Meanwhile, QXJYG reduced the serum levels, as well as aortas mRNA levels of the inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and IL-6, which indicates that QXJYG is effective against metaflammation. Mechanistically, QXJYG reshaped the gut microbiota and its associated bile acids (BAs) metabolomic phenotype, partly by increasing the levels of BA synthesis enzymes, hepatic CYP7A1, and CYP27A1, while decreasing ileal FGF15 and β-Klotho mRNA expression, favoring facilitated de novo BAs synthesis and thereby driving cholesterol catabolic excretion. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that QXJYG is effective against HFD-triggered chronic inflammation, and contributes to the alleviation of AS development, and the antiatherogenic properties of QXJYG may be partly due to the remodeling of the gut microbiota and BA metabolism. Although the results are encouraging, further clinical studies of anti-AS herbal medicines are required to elucidate the full potential of the gut microbiota and BA metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anlu Wang
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, Beijing 100091, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Baoyi Guan
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, Beijing 100091, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Chang Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, Beijing 100091, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Qiuyi Li
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, Beijing 100091, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Haiping Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhuye Gao
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, Beijing 100091, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Keji Chen
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, Beijing 100091, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Yuanlong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Hao Xu
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, Beijing 100091, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing 100091, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Doms S, Fokt H, Rühlemann MC, Chung CJ, Kuenstner A, Ibrahim SM, Franke A, Turner LM, Baines JF. Key features of the genetic architecture and evolution of host-microbe interactions revealed by high-resolution genetic mapping of the mucosa-associated gut microbiome in hybrid mice. eLife 2022; 11:75419. [PMID: 35866635 PMCID: PMC9307277 DOI: 10.7554/elife.75419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Determining the forces that shape diversity in host-associated bacterial communities is critical to understanding the evolution and maintenance of metaorganisms. To gain deeper understanding of the role of host genetics in shaping gut microbial traits, we employed a powerful genetic mapping approach using inbred lines derived from the hybrid zone of two incipient house mouse species. Furthermore, we uniquely performed our analysis on microbial traits measured at the gut mucosal interface, which is in more direct contact with host cells and the immune system. Several mucosa-associated bacterial taxa have high heritability estimates, and interestingly, 16S rRNA transcript-based heritability estimates are positively correlated with cospeciation rate estimates. Genome-wide association mapping identifies 428 loci influencing 120 taxa, with narrow genomic intervals pinpointing promising candidate genes and pathways. Importantly, we identified an enrichment of candidate genes associated with several human diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, and functional categories including innate immunity and G-protein-coupled receptors. These results highlight key features of the genetic architecture of mammalian host-microbe interactions and how they diverge as new species form. The digestive system, particularly the large intestine, hosts many types of bacteria which together form the gut microbiome. The exact makeup of different bacterial species is specific to an individual, but microbiomes are often more similar between related individuals, and more generally, across related species. Whether this is because individuals share similar environments or similar genetic backgrounds remains unclear. These two factors can be disentangled by breeding different animal lineages – which have different genetic backgrounds while belonging to the same species – and then raising the progeny in the same environment. To investigate this question, Doms et al. studied the genes and microbiomes of mice resulting from breeding strains from multiple locations in a natural hybrid zone between different subspecies. The experiments showed that 428 genetic regions affected the makeup of the microbiome, many of which were known to be associated with human diseases. Further analysis revealed 79 genes that were particularly interesting, as they were involved in recognition and communication with bacteria. These results show how the influence of the host genome on microbiome composition becomes more specialized as animals evolve. Overall, the work by Doms et al. helps to pinpoint the genes that impact the microbiome; this knowledge could be helpful to examine how these interactions contribute to the emergence of conditions such as diabetes or inflammatory bowel disease, which are linked to perturbations in gut bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shauni Doms
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany.,Section of Evolutionary Medicine, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hanna Fokt
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany.,Section of Evolutionary Medicine, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Malte Christoph Rühlemann
- Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology (IKMB), Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.,Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Cecilia J Chung
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany.,Section of Evolutionary Medicine, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Axel Kuenstner
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Saleh M Ibrahim
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology (IKMB), Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Leslie M Turner
- Milner Centre for Evolution, Department of Biology & Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - John F Baines
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany.,Section of Evolutionary Medicine, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Maki JJ, Lippolis JD, Looft T. Proteomic response of Turicibacter bilis MMM721 to chicken bile and its bile acids. BMC Res Notes 2022; 15:236. [PMID: 35780123 PMCID: PMC9250206 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-022-06127-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Bile and its individual components, mainly bile acids, are important for digestion and drive bacterial community dynamics in the upper gastrointestinal tract of chickens. However, specific responses to bile acids have been characterized in only a few commensal bacteria, and it is unclear how other members of the microbiota respond to biliary stress. Here, we used label-free LC–MS/MS to assess the proteomic response of a common inhabitant of the chicken small intestine, Turicibacter bilis MMM721, to 24 h of growth in anaerobic growth media supplemented with 0.1% whole chicken bile, 0.1% taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA), or 0.1% taurocholic acid (TCA). Results Seventy, 46, and 10 differentially expressed proteins were identified in Turicibacter bilis MMM721 cultured with supplements of chicken bile, TCDCA, and TCA, respectively, when compared to unsupplemented controls. Many differentially expressed proteins were predicted to be involved in ribosomal processes, post-translational modifications and chaperones, and modifications to the cell surface. Ultimately, the T. bilis MMM721 response to whole bile and bile acids is complex and may relate to adaptations for small intestine colonization, with numerous proteins from a variety of functional categories being impacted. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13104-022-06127-8.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joel J Maki
- Food Safety and Enteric Pathogens Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, 50010, USA.,Interdepartmental Microbiology Graduate Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - John D Lippolis
- Ruminant Diseases and Immunology Research UnitAgricultural Research ServiceDepartment of Agriculture, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA, 50010, USA
| | - Torey Looft
- Food Safety and Enteric Pathogens Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, 50010, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Gibbons SM, Gurry T, Lampe JW, Chakrabarti A, Dam V, Everard A, Goas A, Gross G, Kleerebezem M, Lane J, Maukonen J, Penna ALB, Pot B, Valdes AM, Walton G, Weiss A, Zanzer YC, Venlet NV, Miani M. Perspective: Leveraging the Gut Microbiota to Predict Personalized Responses to Dietary, Prebiotic, and Probiotic Interventions. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:1450-1461. [PMID: 35776947 PMCID: PMC9526856 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmac075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans often show variable responses to dietary, prebiotic, and probiotic interventions. Emerging evidence indicates that the gut microbiota is a key determinant for this population heterogeneity. Here, we provide an overview of some of the major computational and experimental tools being applied to critical questions of microbiota-mediated personalized nutrition and health. First, we discuss the latest advances in in silico modeling of the microbiota-nutrition-health axis, including the application of statistical, mechanistic, and hybrid artificial intelligence models. Second, we address high-throughput in vitro techniques for assessing interindividual heterogeneity, from ex vivo batch culturing of stool and continuous culturing in anaerobic bioreactors, to more sophisticated organ-on-a-chip models that integrate both host and microbial compartments. Third, we explore in vivo approaches for better understanding of personalized, microbiota-mediated responses to diet, prebiotics, and probiotics, from nonhuman animal models and human observational studies, to human feeding trials and crossover interventions. We highlight examples of existing, consumer-facing precision nutrition platforms that are currently leveraging the gut microbiota. Furthermore, we discuss how the integration of a broader set of the tools and techniques described in this piece can generate the data necessary to support a greater diversity of precision nutrition strategies. Finally, we present a vision of a precision nutrition and healthcare future, which leverages the gut microbiota to design effective, individual-specific interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Gurry
- Pharmaceutical Biochemistry group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland (PSI-WS), University of Geneva/University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Johanna W Lampe
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Veerle Dam
- Sensus BV (Royal Cosun), Roosendaal, The Netherlands
| | - Amandine Everard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Almudena Goas
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriele Gross
- Medical and Scientific Affairs, Reckitt| Mead Johnson Nutrition Institute, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel Kleerebezem
- Host Microbe Interactomics Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Lane
- Health and Happiness Group, H&H Research, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Ana Lucia Barretto Penna
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, São Paulo State University, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Bruno Pot
- Yakult Europe BV, Almere, The Netherlands
| | - Ana M Valdes
- Nottingham NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at the School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Gemma Walton
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Adrienne Weiss
- Yili Innovation Center Europe, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Naomi V Venlet
- International Life Sciences Institute, European Branch, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michela Miani
- International Life Sciences Institute, European Branch, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Münzker J, Haase N, Till A, Sucher R, Haange SB, Nemetschke L, Gnad T, Jäger E, Chen J, Riede SJ, Chakaroun R, Massier L, Kovacs P, Ost M, Rolle-Kampczyk U, Jehmlich N, Weiner J, Heiker JT, Klöting N, Seeger G, Morawski M, Keitel V, Pfeifer A, von Bergen M, Heeren J, Krügel U, Fenske WK. Functional changes of the gastric bypass microbiota reactivate thermogenic adipose tissue and systemic glucose control via intestinal FXR-TGR5 crosstalk in diet-induced obesity. MICROBIOME 2022; 10:96. [PMID: 35739571 PMCID: PMC9229785 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01264-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bariatric surgery remains the most effective therapy for adiposity reduction and remission of type 2 diabetes. Although different bariatric procedures associate with pronounced shifts in the gut microbiota, their functional role in the regulation of energetic and metabolic benefits achieved with the surgery are not clear. METHODS To evaluate the causal as well as the inherent therapeutic character of the surgery-altered gut microbiome in improved energy and metabolic control in diet-induced obesity, an antibiotic cocktail was used to eliminate the gut microbiota in diet-induced obese rats after gastric bypass surgery, and gastric bypass-shaped gut microbiota was transplanted into obese littermates. Thorough metabolic profiling was combined with omics technologies on samples collected from cecum and plasma to identify adaptions in gut microbiota-host signaling, which control improved energy balance and metabolic profile after surgery. RESULTS In this study, we first demonstrate that depletion of the gut microbiota largely reversed the beneficial effects of gastric bypass surgery on negative energy balance and improved glucolipid metabolism. Further, we show that the gastric bypass-shaped gut microbiota reduces adiposity in diet-induced obese recipients by re-activating energy expenditure from metabolic active brown adipose tissue. These beneficial effects were linked to improved glucose homeostasis, lipid control, and improved fatty liver disease. Mechanistically, these effects were triggered by modulation of taurine metabolism by the gastric bypass gut microbiota, fostering an increased abundance of intestinal and circulating taurine-conjugated bile acid species. In turn, these bile acids activated gut-restricted FXR and systemic TGR5 signaling to stimulate adaptive thermogenesis. CONCLUSION Our results establish the role of the gut microbiome in the weight loss and metabolic success of gastric bypass surgery. We here identify a signaling cascade that entails altered bile acid receptor signaling resulting from a collective, hitherto undescribed change in the metabolic activity of a cluster of bacteria, thereby readjusting energy imbalance and metabolic disease in the obese host. These findings strengthen the rationale for microbiota-targeted strategies to improve and refine current therapies of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Video Abstract Bariatric Surgery (i.e. RYGB) or the repeated fecal microbiota transfer (FMT) from RYGB donors into DIO (diet-induced obesity) animals induces shifts in the intestinal microbiome, an effect that can be impaired by oral application of antibiotics (ABx). Our current study shows that RYGB-dependent alterations in the intestinal microbiome result in an increase in the luminal and systemic pool of Taurine-conjugated Bile acids (TCBAs) by various cellular mechanisms acting in the intestine and the liver. TCBAs induce signaling via two different receptors, farnesoid X receptor (FXR, specifically in the intestines) and the G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor TGR5 (systemically), finally resulting in metabolic improvement and advanced weight management. BSH, bile salt hydrolase; BAT brown adipose tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Münzker
- Medical Department III, Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nadine Haase
- Medical Department III, Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Till
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Medical Center Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Robert Sucher
- Department of Visceral-, Transplant-, Thoracic- and Vascular Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sven-Bastiaan Haange
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Linda Nemetschke
- Medical Department III, Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thorsten Gnad
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Jäger
- Medical Department III, Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department for Pathology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Jiesi Chen
- Medical Department III, Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sjaak J Riede
- Medical Department III, Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rima Chakaroun
- Medical Department III, Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lucas Massier
- Medical Department III, Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Medical Department III, Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mario Ost
- Department of Neuropathology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Ulrike Rolle-Kampczyk
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nico Jehmlich
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Juliane Weiner
- Medical Department III, Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - John T Heiker
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nora Klöting
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gudrun Seeger
- Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Morawski
- Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Verena Keitel
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Pfeifer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Joerg Heeren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ute Krügel
- Rudolf Boehm Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wiebke K Fenske
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Medical Center Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Tian L, Liu Y, Xu X, Jiao P, Hu G, Cui Y, Chen J, Ma Y, Jin X, Wang K, Sun Q. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum J-15 reduced calcium oxalate kidney stones by regulating intestinal microbiota, metabolism, and inflammation in rats. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22340. [PMID: 35524736 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101972rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The prevention role of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum against the formation of kidney stones has been increasingly recognized; its mechanism, however, has mainly been focused on inhibiting the inflammation in the colon in the gastrointestinal (GI) system, and the intestinal metabolites from microflora have not been revealed fully with regarding to the stone formation. In this study, we investigated the effect of L. plantarum J-15 on kidney stone formation in renal calcium oxalate (CaOx) rats induced by ethylene glycol and monitored the changes of intestinal microflora and their metabolites detected by 16S rRNA sequencing and widely targeted analysis, followed by the evaluation of the intestinal barrier function and inflammation levels in the colon, blood and kidney. The results showed that L. plantarum J-15 effectively reduced renal crystallization and urinary oxalic acid. Ten microbial genera, including anti-inflammatory and SCFAs-related Faecalibaculum, were enriched in the J-15 treatment group. There are 136 metabolites from 11 categories significantly different in the J-15 supplementation group compared with CaOx model rats, most of which were enriched in the amino acid metabolic and secondary bile acid pathways. The expression of intestinal tight junction protein Occludin and the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines and prostaglandin were decreased in the intestine, which further reduced the translocated lipopolysaccharide and inflammation levels in the blood upon J-15 treatment. Thus, the inflammation and injury in the kidney might be alleviated by downregulating TLR4/NF-κB/COX-2 signaling pathway. It suggested that L. plantarum J-15 might reduce kidney stone formation by restoring intestinal microflora and metabolic disorder, protecting intestinal barrier function, and alleviating inflammation. This finding provides new insights into the therapies for renal stones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tian
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pengrui Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gaofei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaqian Cui
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jixiang Chen
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yucheng Ma
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Jin
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kunjie Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Lin Z, Ma X. Dietary nutrients mediate crosstalk between bile acids and gut microbes in animal host metabolism. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:9315-9329. [PMID: 35507502 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2067118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) are synthesized by liver, then gut microbes embellish primary BAs into secondary BAs with diverse and biological functions. Over the past few decades, amounts of evidences demonstrated the importance of gut microbes in BA metabolism. There is also significant evidence that BAs are regarded as cell signals in gut-liver, gut-brain, and gut-testis axis. Moreover, the interaction between BAs and gut microbes plays a key role not only in the absorption and metabolism of nutrients, but the regulation of immune function. Herein, we collected the major information of the BA metabolism-related bacteria, nutrients, and cell signals, focused on the possible molecular mechanisms by "Microbes-Bile acids" crosstalk, highlighted the gut-liver, gut-brain, and gut-testis axis, and discussed the possibility and application of the regulation of BA metabolism by nutrients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zishen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Perino
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kristina Schoonjans
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Shi HJ, Chen XY, Chen XR, Wu ZB, Li JY, Sun YQ, Shi DX, Li J. Chinese Medicine Formula Siwu-Yin Inhibits Esophageal Precancerous Lesions by Improving Intestinal Flora and Macrophage Polarization. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:812386. [PMID: 35308250 PMCID: PMC8927885 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.812386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Siwu-Yin (SWY), a traditional Chinese medicinal formula, can replenish blood and nourish Yin. It was recorded in ancient Chinese medicine books in treating esophageal dysphagia, which has similar symptoms and prognosis with esophageal precancerous lesions and esophageal cancer. However, its effect has not been established in vivo. This study explores the antiesophageal cancer effect of SWY on rats with esophageal precancerous lesions. By performing 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabolomics, it was suggested that SWY may improve the composition of intestinal flora of rats by regulating the synthesis and secretion of bile acids. In addition, flow cytometry results showed that SWY treatment modified tumor microenvironment by improving macrophage polarization and therefore inhibiting the occurrence of esophageal precancerous lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Juan Shi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Cancer Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xuan-Yu Chen
- Institute for Biotechnology, St. John’s University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Xin-Ran Chen
- Pharmacy Department, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Cancer Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhong-Bing Wu
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jian-Yong Li
- Hebei Ping An Health Group Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ya-Qin Sun
- Health Food Research Office, Shijiazhuang Yiling Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Dong-Xuan Shi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Cancer Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Cancer Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Li,
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Shan S, Yin R, Shi J, Zhang L, Liu F, Qiao Q, Li Z. Bowman-Birk Major Type Trypsin Inhibitor Derived from Foxtail Millet Bran Attenuate Atherosclerosis via Remodeling Gut Microbiota in ApoE-/- Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:507-519. [PMID: 34989223 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Foxtail millet proteins and their hydrolysates have the potential to prevent atherosclerosis (AS). In our present study, a novel Bowman-Birk type major trypsin inhibitor from foxtail millet bran (FMB-BBTI) with an anti-AS effect was obtained by in vitro gastrointestinal bionic digestion. Further, the anti-AS activity of FMB-BBTI was verified by the classic apoE-/- mice model, characterized by the decreases of the inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) and atherosclerotic plaque. Importantly, FMB-BBTI remodeled the structure of gut microbiota in apoE-/- mice, including the increase of Firmicutes at the phylum level, and the abundance alteration of five genera at the genus level, especially significant enrichment of Lactobacillus. Collectively, FMB-BBTI markedly restrains the AS progress, suggesting that the remodeling of gut microbiota induced by FMB-BBTI may be the critical factor for its anti-AS activity. This study indicates that FMB-BBTI may serve as a vital functional component contributing to the anti-AS potential of foxtail millet bran.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuhua Shan
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Ruopeng Yin
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jiangying Shi
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Lizhen Zhang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Fengming Liu
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Qinqin Qiao
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Fling RR, Zacharewski TR. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) Activation by 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo- p-Dioxin (TCDD) Dose-Dependently Shifts the Gut Microbiome Consistent with the Progression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12431. [PMID: 34830313 PMCID: PMC8625315 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut dysbiosis with disrupted enterohepatic bile acid metabolism is commonly associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and recapitulated in a NAFLD-phenotype elicited by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in mice. TCDD induces hepatic fat accumulation and increases levels of secondary bile acids, including taurolithocholic acid and deoxycholic acid (microbial modified bile acids involved in host bile acid regulation signaling pathways). To investigate the effects of TCDD on the gut microbiota, the cecum contents of male C57BL/6 mice orally gavaged with sesame oil vehicle or 0.3, 3, or 30 µg/kg TCDD were examined using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Taxonomic analysis identified dose-dependent increases in Lactobacillus species (i.e., Lactobacillus reuteri). Increased species were also associated with dose-dependent increases in bile salt hydrolase sequences, responsible for deconjugation reactions in secondary bile acid metabolism. Increased L. reuteri levels were further associated with mevalonate-dependent isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) biosynthesis and o-succinylbenzoate synthase, a menaquinone biosynthesis associated gene. Analysis of the gut microbiomes from cirrhosis patients identified an increased abundance of genes from the mevalonate-dependent IPP biosynthesis as well as several other menaquinone biosynthesis genes, including o-succinylbenzoate synthase. These results extend the association of lactobacilli with the AhR/intestinal axis in NAFLD progression and highlight the similarities between TCDD-elicited phenotypes in mice to human NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Russell R. Fling
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Timothy R. Zacharewski
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Tang J, Qin M, Tang L, Shan D, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Wei H, Qiu L, Yu J. Enterobacter aerogenes ZDY01 inhibits choline-induced atherosclerosis through CDCA-FXR-FGF15 axis. Food Funct 2021; 12:9932-9946. [PMID: 34492674 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02021h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of cardiovascular diseases worldwide. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a metabolite of intestinal flora from dietary quaternary amines, has been shown to be closely related to the development of atherosclerosis. Previous studies have shown that Enterobacter aerogenes ZDY01 significantly reduces the serum levels of TMAO and cecal trimethylamine (TMA) in Balb/c mice; however, its role in the inhibition of choline-induced atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that E. aerogenes ZDY01 inhibited choline-induced atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice fed with 1.3% choline by reducing cecal TMA and modulating CDCA-FXR/FGF15 axis. We observed that E. aerogenes ZDY01 decreased the cecal TMA and serum TMAO levels by utilizing cecal TMA as a nutrient, not by changing the expression of hepatic FMO3 and the composition of gut microbiota. Furthermore, E. aerogenes ZDY01 enhanced the expression of bile acid transporters and reduced the cecal CDCA levels, thereby attenuating the FXR/FGF15 pathway, upregulating the expression of Cyp7a1, promoting reverse cholesterol transport. Taken together, E. aerogenes ZDY01 attenuated choline-induced atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice by decreasing cecal TMA and promoting reverse cholesterol transport, implying that E. aerogenes ZDY01 treatment might have therapeutic potential in atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinghui Tang
- Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Translational Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Nanchang, Centre for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China. .,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Vascular Remodelling Diseases, China
| | - Manman Qin
- Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Translational Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Nanchang, Centre for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China. .,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Vascular Remodelling Diseases, China
| | - Le Tang
- Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Translational Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Nanchang, Centre for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China. .,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Vascular Remodelling Diseases, China
| | - Dan Shan
- Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Translational Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Nanchang, Centre for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China. .,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Vascular Remodelling Diseases, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Centre for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
| | - Yifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Translational Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Nanchang, Centre for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China. .,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Vascular Remodelling Diseases, China
| | - Hua Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, P. R. China
| | - Liang Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Translational Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Nanchang, Centre for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China. .,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Vascular Remodelling Diseases, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Physiology and Centre for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Yu H, Liu C, Zhang F, Wang J, Han J, Zhou X, Wen Y, Shen T. Efficacy of Zhuyu Pill Intervention in a Cholestasis Rat Model: Mutual Effects on Fecal Metabolism and Microbial Diversity. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:695035. [PMID: 34539394 PMCID: PMC8443775 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.695035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholestasis is a clinical condition resulting from impaired bile flow. Currently, patients with cholestasis face several barriers in seeking diagnosis and treatment. Zhuyu Pill (ZYP) is an ancient classic formula of the Coptis-Evodia herb couples (CEHC), and has been used for cholestasis treatment in the clinic, however, its underlying biological activity in cholestasis remain to be clarified. In this study, an α-naphthyl-isothiocyanate (ANIT, 50 mg/kg)-induced rat model of cholestasis was treated with ZYP. Serum biochemical indices and histopathological evaluation was performed, together with the metabolomics analyses of feces and 16S rDNA sequencing of the fecal microbiota. We evaluated the anti-cholestatic activity of ZYP and investigated the mechanisms underlying its correlation with fecal microbiota and fecal metabolite regulation. The relationships between biochemical indices and changes in gene expression associated with liver injury, levels fecal metabolites, and composition of fecal microbiota were analyzed. The results showed that both high (1.2 g/kg) and low (0.6 g/kg) doses of ZYP could effectively improve biochemical parameters in the blood of cholestasis-induced rat models; the intervention effect of high dose ZYP was superior to that that of lower dose ZYP. Based on a metabolomics test of fecal samples, significantly altered metabolites in the ANIT and ZYP treatment group were identified. In total, 734 metabolites were differentially expressed, and whose biological functions were mainly associated with amino acid metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and bile secretion. In addition, sequencing of the 16S rDNA unit in fecal samples revealed that the ZYP could improve the fecal microbiota dysbiosis that ANIT had induced. Therefore, we conclude that ANIT altering of blood biochemical and metabolic profiles and of fecal microbiota could effectively be alleviated with ZYP treatment. This study contributes to the “TCM wisdom” applied in clinical diagnosis and treatment of cholestasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Yu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fenghua Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianfei Wang
- Department of Nephrology, South of Guang'anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Han
- Department of Reader Service and Culture Education, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yueqiang Wen
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Shen
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Combination of Chinese and Western Medicine Optimizes the Intestinal Microbiota of Exacerbated Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9975407. [PMID: 34539809 PMCID: PMC8445717 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9975407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) changes the structure of the intestinal microbiota and activates the acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD). Previous studies showed that the way to treat COPD and AECOPD via combination of Chinese and Western medicine was successful. However, the effect of the intervention on the structure of the intestinal microbiota has not been studied. In this study, we collected feces from model rats following intervention, integrated with Chinese and Western medicine, and used 16S rRNA gene sequencing to clarify the effect on intestinal microbiota. Methods. Twenty-five rats were randomized into the control, COPD, AECOPD, Western medicine (moxifloxacin hydrochloride tablets + salbutamol sulfate tablets, MXF/STL), and integrated Chinese and Western medicine (Tong Sai granules + moxifloxacin hydrochloride tablets + salbutamol sulfate tablets + Bu Fei Yi Shen granules + salbutamol sulfate tablets, TMS/FS) groups. Lipopolysaccharide-combined cigarette smoke exposure method was used to simulate the acute exacerbation-stabilization of COPD. Then, the model rats were intervened. Results. The intervention of combination Chinese and Western medicine improved the lung function, decreased the C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and Serum Amyloid A (SAA), and relieved pathological damage to the pulmonary alveoli and intestinal mucous of AECOPD rats. The proportion of Firmicutes, TM7, Oscillospira, Clostridium, Ruminococcus, Blautia, Treponema, and Turicibacter decreased, whereas that of Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Lactobacillus, and Allobaculum increased via the intervention with the combination of Chinese and Western medicine. Conclusions. The intervention with Chinese and Western medicine optimizes the intestinal microbiota structure in AECOPD rat model, which provides a basis for the COPD study in the Chinese medicine.
Collapse
|
44
|
Wang L, Luo Q, Zeng S, Lou Y, Li X, Hu M, Lu L, Liu Z. Disordered farnesoid X receptor signaling is associated with liver carcinogenesis in Abcb11-deficient mice. J Pathol 2021; 255:412-424. [PMID: 34410012 DOI: 10.1002/path.5780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
ABCB11 encodes the bile salt export pump (BSEP), a key regulator in maintaining bile acid (BA) homeostasis. Although inherited ABCB11 mutations have previously been linked to primary liver cancer, whether ABCB11 deficiency leads to liver cancer remains unknown. Here, we analyzed ABCB11 mRNA expression levels in liver tumor specimens [29 with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), and one with mixed HCC/ICC] with adjacent normal specimens and published human datasets. Liver tissues obtained from Abcb11-deficient (Abcb11-/- ) mice and wild-type mice at different ages were compared by histologic, RNA-sequencing, and BA analyses. ABCB11 was significantly downregulated in human liver tumors compared with normal controls. Abcb11-/- mice demonstrated progressive intrahepatic cholestasis and liver fibrosis, and spontaneously developed HCC and ICC over 12 months of age. Abcb11 deficiency increased BAs in the liver and serum in mice, most of which are farnesoid X receptor (FXR) antagonists/non-agonists. Accordingly, the hepatic expression and transcriptional activity of FXR were downregulated in Abcb11-/- mouse livers. Administration of the FXR agonist obeticholic acid reduced liver injury and tumor incidence in Abcb11-/- mice. In conclusion, ABCB11 is aberrantly downregulated and plays a vital role in liver carcinogenesis. The cholestatic liver injury and liver tumors developed in Abcb11-/- mice are associated with increased FXR antagonist BAs and thereby decreased activation of FXR. FXR activation might be a therapeutic strategy in ABCB11 deficiency diseases. © 2021 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Qing Luo
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Sijing Zeng
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yanmei Lou
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ming Hu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Linlin Lu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau (SAR), PR China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Bubier JA, Chesler EJ, Weinstock GM. Host genetic control of gut microbiome composition. Mamm Genome 2021; 32:263-281. [PMID: 34159422 PMCID: PMC8295090 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-021-09884-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays a significant role in health and disease, and there is mounting evidence indicating that the microbial composition is regulated in part by host genetics. Heritability estimates for microbial abundance in mice and humans range from (0.05-0.45), indicating that 5-45% of inter-individual variation can be explained by genetics. Through twin studies, genetic association studies, systems genetics, and genome-wide association studies (GWAS), hundreds of specific host genetic loci have been shown to associate with the abundance of discrete gut microbes. Using genetically engineered knock-out mice, at least 30 specific genes have now been validated as having specific effects on the microbiome. The relationships among of host genetics, microbiome composition, and abundance, and disease is now beginning to be unraveled through experiments designed to test causality. The genetic control of disease and its relationship to the microbiome can manifest in multiple ways. First, a genetic variant may directly cause the disease phenotype, resulting in an altered microbiome as a consequence of the disease phenotype. Second, a genetic variant may alter gene expression in the host, which in turn alters the microbiome, producing the disease phenotype. Finally, the genetic variant may alter the microbiome directly, which can result in the disease phenotype. In order to understand the processes that underlie the onset and progression of certain diseases, future research must take into account the relationship among host genetics, microbiome, and disease phenotype, and the resources needed to study these relationships.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Bubier
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian Genetics, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA.
| | - Elissa J Chesler
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian Genetics, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Que E, James KL, Coffey AR, Smallwood TL, Albright J, Huda MN, Pomp D, Sethupathy P, Bennett BJ. Genetic architecture modulates diet-induced hepatic mRNA and miRNA expression profiles in Diversity Outbred mice. Genetics 2021; 218:6321522. [PMID: 34849860 PMCID: PMC8757298 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyab068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic approaches in model organisms have consistently demonstrated that molecular traits such as gene expression are under genetic regulation, similar to clinical traits. The resulting expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) have revolutionized our understanding of genetic regulation and identified numerous candidate genes for clinically relevant traits. More recently, these analyses have been extended to other molecular traits such as protein abundance, metabolite levels, and miRNA expression. Here, we performed global hepatic eQTL and microRNA expression quantitative trait loci (mirQTL) analysis in a population of Diversity Outbred mice fed two different diets. We identified several key features of eQTL and mirQTL, namely differences in the mode of genetic regulation (cis or trans) between mRNA and miRNA. Approximately 50% of mirQTL are regulated by a trans-acting factor, compared to ∼25% of eQTL. We note differences in the heritability of mRNA and miRNA expression and variance explained by each eQTL or mirQTL. In general, cis-acting variants affecting mRNA or miRNA expression explain more phenotypic variance than trans-acting variants. Finally, we investigated the effect of diet on the genetic architecture of eQTL and mirQTL, highlighting the critical effects of environment on both eQTL and mirQTL. Overall, these data underscore the complex genetic regulation of two well-characterized RNA classes (mRNA and miRNA) that have critical roles in the regulation of clinical traits and disease susceptibility
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Excel Que
- Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Davis, CA 95616, USA.,Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Kristen L James
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Alisha R Coffey
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 28081, USA
| | - Tangi L Smallwood
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 28081, USA
| | - Jody Albright
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - M Nazmul Huda
- Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Davis, CA 95616, USA.,Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Daniel Pomp
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Praveen Sethupathy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Brian J Bennett
- Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Davis, CA 95616, USA.,Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Exploring the signature gut and oral microbiome in individuals of specific Ayurveda prakriti. J Biosci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-021-00182-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
48
|
Kim M, Huda MN, O'Connor A, Albright J, Durbin-Johnson B, Bennett BJ. Hepatic transcriptional profile reveals the role of diet and genetic backgrounds on metabolic traits in female progenitor strains of the Collaborative Cross. Physiol Genomics 2021; 53:173-192. [PMID: 33818129 PMCID: PMC8424536 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00140.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mice have provided critical mechanistic understandings of clinical traits underlying metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) and susceptibility to MetSyn in mice is known to vary among inbred strains. We investigated the diet- and strain-dependent effects on metabolic traits in the eight Collaborative Cross (CC) founder strains (A/J, C57BL/6J, 129S1/SvImJ, NOD/ShiLtJ, NZO/HILtJ, CAST/EiJ, PWK/PhJ, and WSB/EiJ). Liver transcriptomics analysis showed that both atherogenic diet and host genetics have profound effects on the liver transcriptome, which may be related to differences in metabolic traits observed between strains. We found strain differences in circulating trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) concentration and liver triglyceride content, both of which are traits associated with metabolic diseases. Using a network approach, we identified a module of transcripts associated with TMAO and liver triglyceride content, which was enriched in functional pathways. Interrogation of the module related to metabolic traits identified NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4), a gene for a key enzyme in the production of reactive oxygen species, which showed a strong association with plasma TMAO and liver triglyceride. Interestingly, Nox4 was identified as the highest expressed in the C57BL/6J and NZO/HILtJ strains and the lowest expressed in the CAST/EiJ strain. Based on these results, we suggest that there may be genetic variation in the contribution of Nox4 to the regulation of plasma TMAO and liver triglyceride content. In summary, we show that liver transcriptomic analysis identified diet- or strain-specific pathways for metabolic traits in the Collaborative Cross (CC) founder strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myungsuk Kim
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California
- USDA-ARS-Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, California
| | - M Nazmul Huda
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California
- USDA-ARS-Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, California
| | - Annalouise O'Connor
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina, Kannapolis, North Carolina
| | - Jody Albright
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina, Kannapolis, North Carolina
| | | | - Brian J Bennett
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California
- USDA-ARS-Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, California
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Gut Dysbiosis and Its Associations with Gut Microbiota-Derived Metabolites in Dogs with Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease. mSystems 2021; 6:6/2/e00111-21. [PMID: 33879495 PMCID: PMC8546968 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00111-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut dysbiosis and gut microbiota-derived metabolites, including bile acid (BA), short-chain fatty acid, and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), are associated with cardiovascular disease. Canine myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is a model for human MMVD. The aim of the study is to evaluate gut microbial dysbiosis and its relationship with gut-produced metabolites in dogs with MMVD. Fecal samples from 92 privately owned dogs, including 17 healthy, 23 and 27 asymptomatic MMVD dogs without (stage B1) and with (stage B2) secondary cardiac enlargement, respectively, and 25 MMVD dogs with history of congestive heart failure (stage C or D), were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Alpha and beta diversities were different between healthy and MMVD dogs (adjusted P < 0.05). The average dysbiosis indexes were −1.48, −0.6, 0.01, and 1.47 for healthy, B1, B2, and C/D dogs, respectively (P = 0.07). Dysbiosis index was negatively correlated with Clostridium hiranonis (P < 0.0001, r = −0.79). Escherichia coli, capable of trimethylamine production in the gut, had an increased abundance (adjusted P < 0.05) and may be responsible for the increased circulating TMAO levels in stage B2 and C/D MMVD dogs. Primary and secondary BAs showed opposite associations with C. hiranonis, a key BA converter (P < 0.0001 for both, r = −0.94 and 0.95, respectively). Secondary BAs appeared to promote the growth of Fusobacterium and Faecalibacterium but inhibit that of E. coli. Multivariate analysis revealed significant but weak associations between gut microbiota and several circulating metabolites, including short-chain acylcarnitines and TMAO. IMPORTANCE Our study expands the current “gut hypothesis” to include gut dysbiosis at the preclinical stage, prior to the onset of heart failure. Gut dysbiosis index increases in proportion to the severity of myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) and is inversely associated with Clostridium hiranonis, a key bile acid (BA) converter in the gut. Secondary BAs appear to promote the growth of beneficial bacteria but inhibit that of harmful ones. An intricate interplay between gut microbiota, gut microbiota-produced metabolites, and MMVD pathophysiological progression is implicated.
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Bile acids and their signalling pathways are increasingly recognized as potential therapeutic targets for several diseases. This review summarizes new insights in bile acid physiology, focussing on regulatory roles of bile acids in intestinal functions. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies have highlighted the interactions between bile acids and gut microbiome: interfering with microbiome composition may be beneficial in treatment of liver and metabolic diseases by modulating bile acid composition, as different bile acid species have different signalling functions. In the intestine, bile acid receptors FXR, VDR and TGR5 are involved in control of barrier function, paracellular ion transport and hormone release. Specific microbial bile acid metabolites modulate immune responses of the host. In addition, new functions of bile acids in regulation of gastric emptying and satiation via brain-gut-liver axis have been discovered. Identification of Cyp2c70 as the enzyme responsible for generation of hydrophilic mouse/rat-specific muricholic acids has allowed the generation of murine models with a human-like bile acid composition. SUMMARY Specific bile acids act as important signalling molecules affecting whole body metabolism, specific transport processes and immunity in different segments of the intestinal tract. Their relevance for human (patho)physiology is emerging. Novel mouse models with human-like bile acid composition will aid to accelerate translational research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Folkert Kuipers
- Department of Pediatrics
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|