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Castel J, Li G, Onimus O, Leishman E, Cani PD, Bradshaw H, Mackie K, Everard A, Luquet S, Gangarossa G. NAPE-PLD in the ventral tegmental area regulates reward events, feeding and energy homeostasis. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02427-6. [PMID: 38361126 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02427-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The N-acyl phosphatidylethanolamine-specific phospholipase D (NAPE-PLD) catalyzes the production of N-acylethanolamines (NAEs), a family of endogenous bioactive lipids, which are involved in various biological processes ranging from neuronal functions to energy homeostasis and feeding behaviors. Reward-dependent behaviors depend on dopamine (DA) transmission between the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and the nucleus accumbens (NAc), which conveys reward-values and scales reinforced behaviors. However, whether and how NAPE-PLD may contribute to the regulation of feeding and reward-dependent behaviors has not yet been investigated. This biological question is of paramount importance since NAEs are altered in obesity and metabolic disorders. Here, we show that transcriptomic meta-analysis highlights a potential role for NAPE-PLD within the VTA→NAc circuit. Using brain-specific invalidation approaches, we report that the integrity of NAPE-PLD is required for the proper homeostasis of NAEs within the midbrain VTA and it affects food-reward behaviors. Moreover, region-specific knock-down of NAPE-PLD in the VTA enhanced food-reward seeking and reinforced behaviors, which were associated with increased in vivo DA release dynamics in response to both food- and non-food-related rewards together with heightened tropism towards food consumption. Furthermore, midbrain knock-down of NAPE-PLD, which increased energy expenditure and adapted nutrient partitioning, elicited a relative protection against high-fat diet-mediated body fat gain and obesity-associated metabolic features. In conclusion, these findings reveal a new key role of VTA NAPE-PLD in shaping DA-dependent events, feeding behaviors and energy homeostasis, thus providing new insights on the regulation of body metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Castel
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Guangping Li
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Oriane Onimus
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Emma Leishman
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Heather Bradshaw
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Ken Mackie
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
- Gill Center for Biomolecular Science, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Amandine Everard
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, F-75013, Paris, France
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Serge Luquet
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, F-75013, Paris, France.
| | - Giuseppe Gangarossa
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, F-75013, Paris, France.
- Institut universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France.
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Castel J, Li G, Oriane O, Leishman E, Cani PD, Bradshaw H, Mackie K, Everard A, Luquet S, Gangarossa G. NAPE-PLD in the ventral tegmental area regulates reward events, feeding and energy homeostasis. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-3199777. [PMID: 37790425 PMCID: PMC10543029 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3199777/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
The N-acyl phosphatidylethanolamine-specific phospholipase D (NAPE-PLD) catalyzes the production of N-acylethanolamines (NAEs), a family of endogenous bioactive lipids, which are involved in various biological processes ranging from neuronal functions to energy homeostasis and feeding behaviors. Reward-dependent behaviors depend on dopamine (DA) transmission between the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and the nucleus accumbens (NAc), which conveys reward-values and scales reinforced behaviors. However, whether and how NAPE-PLD may contribute to the regulation of feeding and reward-dependent behaviors has not yet been investigated. This biological question is of paramount importance since NAEs are altered in obesity and metabolic disorders. Here, we show that transcriptomic meta-analysis highlights a potential role for NAPE-PLD within the VTA®NAc circuit. Using brain-specific invalidation approaches, we report that the integrity of NAPE-PLD is required for the proper homeostasis of NAEs within the midbrain VTA and it affects food-reward behaviors. Moreover, region-specific knock-down of NAPE-PLD in the VTA enhanced food-reward seeking and reinforced behaviors, which were associated with increased in vivo DA release dynamics in response to both food and non-food-related rewards together with heightened tropism towards food consumption. Furthermore, midbrain knock-down of NAPE-PLD, which increased energy expenditure and adapted nutrient partitioning, elicited a relative protection against high-fat diet-mediated body fat gain and obesity-associated metabolic features. In conclusion, these findings reveal a new key role of VTA NAPE-PLD in shaping DA-dependent events, feeding behaviors and energy homeostasis, thus providing new insights on the regulation of body metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Castel
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, F-75013 Paris, France
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Karemera M, Verce M, Roumain M, Muccioli GG, Cani PD, Everard A, Stephenne X, Sokal E. Pediatric Autoimmune or Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis: Metronidazole Effectiveness on Biochemical Data, Bile Acid Profile, and Gut Microbiota: A Pilot Study. JPGN Rep 2023; 4:e334. [PMID: 37600615 PMCID: PMC10435019 DOI: 10.1097/pg9.0000000000000334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Autoimmune hepatitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) can both be present, resulting in autoimmune sclerosing cholangitis (ASC). PSC physiopathology could be based on the cross-talk between gut microbiota and bile acids (BAs); antibiotics are an innovative therapy. This pilot study assesses metronidazole (MTZ)'s effectiveness in ASC or PSC patients according to the stage of the disease, and its effects on biochemical parameters, BA profiles, and gut microbiota. Methods ASC or PSC patients from Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc's pediatric hepato-gastroenterology division were enrolled retrospectively and prospectively; both datasets were merged. MTZ was administered over at least 14 days on top of standard treatment (ursodeoxycholic acid, azathioprine, and steroids). Fecal and blood samples were collected before (T0) and at MTZ day 14 (T14). Sustained biochemical remission was defined by the reduction of transaminases (AST and ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and CRP until 12 months post-MTZ. Results A total of 18 patients (mean age, 13.2 ± 4.5 years) were enrolled (13 ASC and 5 PSC), and divided in remission or relapse patients. CRP, AST, ALT, and GGT levels decreased post-MTZ in both groups (excepting GGT in relapse patients), with decreases between T0 and T14 being significant for AST and ALT. Relapse patients were older (P = 0.0351) and in late-disease stage, with mainly large-duct PSC (P = 0.0466). In remission patients, the mean plasma relative abundance of hydrophilic BA increased by +6.3% (P = 0.0391) after MTZ. Neither at baseline nor T14, there were significant differences in gut microbiota recorded. Conclusion These data are likely indicative of long-term benefits following MTZ therapy at early-stage ASC or PSC, with increased hydrophilic BA abundance. Multicenter prospective studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Karemera
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marko Verce
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Martin Roumain
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Giulio G. Muccioli
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrice D. Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Xavier Stephenne
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
- UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research - PEDI
| | - Etienne Sokal
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
- UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research - PEDI
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de Wouters d'Oplinter A, Verce M, Huwart SJP, Lessard-Lord J, Depommier C, Van Hul M, Desjardins Y, Cani PD, Everard A. Obese-associated gut microbes and derived phenolic metabolite as mediators of excessive motivation for food reward. Microbiome 2023; 11:94. [PMID: 37106463 PMCID: PMC10142783 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01526-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive hedonic consumption is one of the main drivers for weight gain. Identifying contributors of this dysregulation would help to tackle obesity. The gut microbiome is altered during obesity and regulates host metabolism including food intake. RESULTS By using fecal material transplantation (FMT) from lean or obese mice into recipient mice, we demonstrated that gut microbes play a role in the regulation of food reward (i.e., wanting and learning processes associated with hedonic food intake) and could be responsible for excessive motivation to obtain sucrose pellets and alterations in dopaminergic and opioid markers in reward-related brain areas. Through untargeted metabolomic approach, we identified the 3-(3'-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid (33HPP) as highly positively correlated with the motivation. By administrating 33HPP in mice, we revealed its effects on food reward. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that targeting the gut microbiota and its metabolites would be an interesting therapeutic strategy for compulsive eating, preventing inappropriate hedonic food intake. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice de Wouters d'Oplinter
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO) department, WEL Research Institute (WELRI), avenue Pasteur, 6, 1300, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Marko Verce
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO) department, WEL Research Institute (WELRI), avenue Pasteur, 6, 1300, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Sabrina J P Huwart
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO) department, WEL Research Institute (WELRI), avenue Pasteur, 6, 1300, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Jacob Lessard-Lord
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
- Nutrition, Health and Society Centre (NUTRISS), INAF, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
- Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Clara Depommier
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO) department, WEL Research Institute (WELRI), avenue Pasteur, 6, 1300, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO) department, WEL Research Institute (WELRI), avenue Pasteur, 6, 1300, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Yves Desjardins
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
- Nutrition, Health and Society Centre (NUTRISS), INAF, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
- Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO) department, WEL Research Institute (WELRI), avenue Pasteur, 6, 1300, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO) department, WEL Research Institute (WELRI), avenue Pasteur, 6, 1300, Wavre, Belgium.
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Régnier M, Van Hul M, Roumain M, Paquot A, de Wouters d’Oplinter A, Suriano F, Everard A, Delzenne NM, Muccioli GG, Cani PD. Inulin increases the beneficial effects of rhubarb supplementation on high-fat high-sugar diet-induced metabolic disorders in mice: impact on energy expenditure, brown adipose tissue activity, and microbiota. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2178796. [PMID: 36803220 PMCID: PMC9980659 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2178796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Consumption of prebiotics and plant-based compounds have many beneficial health effects through modulation of gut microbiota composition and are considered as promising nutritional strategy for the treatment of metabolic diseases. In the present study, we assessed the separated and combined effects of inulin and rhubarb on diet-induced metabolic disease in mice. We showed that supplementation with both inulin and rhubarb abolished the total body and fat mass gain upon high-fat and high-sucrose diet (HFHS) as well as several obesity-associated metabolic disorders. These effects were associated with increased energy expenditure, lower whitening of the brown adipose tissue, higher mitochondria activity and increased expression of lipolytic markers in white adipose tissue. Despite modifications of intestinal gut microbiota and bile acid compositions by inulin or rhubarb alone, combination of both inulin and rhubarb had minor additional impact on these parameters. However, the combination of inulin and rhubarb increased the expression of several antimicrobial peptides and higher goblet cell numbers, thereby suggesting a reinforcement of the gut barrier. Together, these results suggest that the combination of inulin and rhubarb in mice potentiates beneficial effects of separated rhubarb and inulin on HFHS-related metabolic disease and could be considered as nutritional strategy for the prevention and treatment of obesity and related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Régnier
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,WELBIO asbl, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Wavre, Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,WELBIO asbl, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Wavre, Belgium
| | - Martin Roumain
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group (BPBL), Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Adrien Paquot
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group (BPBL), Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alice de Wouters d’Oplinter
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,WELBIO asbl, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Wavre, Belgium
| | - Francesco Suriano
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,WELBIO asbl, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Wavre, Belgium,current address: Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Amandine Everard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,WELBIO asbl, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Wavre, Belgium
| | - Nathalie M. Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Giulio G. Muccioli
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group (BPBL), Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrice D. Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,WELBIO asbl, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Wavre, Belgium,CONTACT Patrice D. Cani LDRI, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Av. E. Mounier, 73 box B1.73.11, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
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Suriano F, Vieira-Silva S, Falony G, de Wouters d'Oplinter A, Paone P, Delzenne NM, Everard A, Raes J, Van Hul M, Cani PD. Fat and not sugar as the determining factor for gut microbiota changes, obesity, and related metabolic disorders in mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2023; 324:E85-E96. [PMID: 36516223 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00141.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diet-induced obesity contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, metabolic inflammation, oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Overall, obesity is associated with deviations in the composition and functionality of the gut microbiota. There are many divergent findings regarding the link between the excessive intake of certain dietary components (i.e., fat and sugar) and obesity development. We therefore investigated the effect of specific diets, with a different content of sugar and fat, in promoting obesity and related comorbidities as well as their impact on microbial load and gut microbiota composition/diversity. C57BL/6J mice were fed either a low-sugar, low-fat control diet (CT), a high-sugar diet (HS), a high-fat, high-sugar diet (HF/HS), or a high-fat diet (HF) for 8 wk. The impact of the different diets on obesity, glucose metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative and ER stress was determined. Diet-induced changes in the gut microbiota composition and density were also analyzed. HF diet-fed mice showed the highest body weight and fat mass gains and displayed the most impaired glucose and insulin profiles. HS, HF/HS, and HF diets differently affected hepatic cholesterol content and mRNA expression of several markers associated with immune cells, inflammation, oxidative and ER stress in several organs/tissues. In addition, HF diet feeding resulted in a decreased microbial load at the end of the experiment. When analyzing the gut microbiota composition, we found that HS, HF/HS, and HF diets induced specific changes in the abundance of certain bacterial taxa. This was not associated with a specific change in systemic inflammatory markers, but HS mice exhibited higher FGF21 plasma levels compared with HF diet-fed mice. Taken together, our results highlight that dietary intake of different macronutrients distinctively impacts the development of an obese/diabetic state and the regulation of metabolic inflammation in specific organs. We propose that these differences are not only obesity-driven but that changes in the gut microbiota composition may play a key role in this context.NEW & NOTEWORTHY To our knowledge, this study is the first to demonstrate that dietary macronutrients (i.e., sugar and fat) have an impact on fecal bacterial cell counting and quantitative microbiome profiling in mice. Yet, we demonstrate that dietary fat is the determining factor to promote obesity and diabetes progression, and local inflammation in different body sites. These observations can help to disentangle the conundrum of the detrimental effects of fat and sugar in our dietary habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Suriano
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Sara Vieira-Silva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, VIB Center for Microbiology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany
| | - Gwen Falony
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, VIB Center for Microbiology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alice de Wouters d'Oplinter
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Paola Paone
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Raes
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, VIB Center for Microbiology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
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Cani PD, Depommier C, Derrien M, Everard A, de Vos WM. Author Correction: Akkermansia muciniphila: paradigm for next-generation beneficial microorganisms. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 19:682. [PMID: 35739354 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-022-00650-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrice D Cani
- UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Clara Depommier
- UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Amandine Everard
- UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Willem M de Vos
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands.,Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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de Wouters d’Oplinter A, Huwart SJP, Cani PD, Everard A. Gut microbes and food reward: From the gut to the brain. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:947240. [PMID: 35958993 PMCID: PMC9358980 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.947240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inappropriate food intake behavior is one of the main drivers for fat mass development leading to obesity. Importantly the gut microbiota-mediated signals have emerged as key actors regulating food intake acting mainly on the hypothalamus, and thereby controlling hunger or satiety/satiation feelings. However, food intake is also controlled by the hedonic and reward systems leading to food intake based on pleasure (i.e., non-homeostatic control of food intake). This review focus on both the homeostatic and the non-homeostatic controls of food intake and the implication of the gut microbiota on the control of these systems. The gut-brain axis is involved in the communications between the gut microbes and the brain to modulate host food intake behaviors through systemic and nervous pathways. Therefore, here we describe several mediators of the gut-brain axis including gastrointestinal hormones, neurotransmitters, bioactive lipids as well as bacterial metabolites and compounds. The modulation of gut-brain axis by gut microbes is deeply addressed in the context of host food intake with a specific focus on hedonic feeding. Finally, we also discuss possible gut microbiota-based therapeutic approaches that could lead to potential clinical applications to restore food reward alterations. Therapeutic applications to tackle these dysregulations is of utmost importance since most of the available solutions to treat obesity present low success rate.
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Gibbons SM, Gurry T, Lampe JW, Chakrabarti A, Dam V, Everard A, Goas A, Gross G, Kleerebezem M, Lane J, Maukonen J, Penna ALB, Pot B, Valdes AM, Walton G, Weiss A, Zanzer YC, Venlet NV, Miani M. Perspective: Leveraging the Gut Microbiota to Predict Personalized Responses to Dietary, Prebiotic, and Probiotic Interventions. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:1450-1461. [PMID: 35776947 PMCID: PMC9526856 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmac075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans often show variable responses to dietary, prebiotic, and probiotic interventions. Emerging evidence indicates that the gut microbiota is a key determinant for this population heterogeneity. Here, we provide an overview of some of the major computational and experimental tools being applied to critical questions of microbiota-mediated personalized nutrition and health. First, we discuss the latest advances in in silico modeling of the microbiota-nutrition-health axis, including the application of statistical, mechanistic, and hybrid artificial intelligence models. Second, we address high-throughput in vitro techniques for assessing interindividual heterogeneity, from ex vivo batch culturing of stool and continuous culturing in anaerobic bioreactors, to more sophisticated organ-on-a-chip models that integrate both host and microbial compartments. Third, we explore in vivo approaches for better understanding of personalized, microbiota-mediated responses to diet, prebiotics, and probiotics, from nonhuman animal models and human observational studies, to human feeding trials and crossover interventions. We highlight examples of existing, consumer-facing precision nutrition platforms that are currently leveraging the gut microbiota. Furthermore, we discuss how the integration of a broader set of the tools and techniques described in this piece can generate the data necessary to support a greater diversity of precision nutrition strategies. Finally, we present a vision of a precision nutrition and healthcare future, which leverages the gut microbiota to design effective, individual-specific interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Gurry
- Pharmaceutical Biochemistry group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland (PSI-WS), University of Geneva/University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Johanna W Lampe
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Veerle Dam
- Sensus BV (Royal Cosun), Roosendaal, The Netherlands
| | - Amandine Everard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Almudena Goas
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriele Gross
- Medical and Scientific Affairs, Reckitt| Mead Johnson Nutrition Institute, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel Kleerebezem
- Host Microbe Interactomics Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Lane
- Health and Happiness Group, H&H Research, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Ana Lucia Barretto Penna
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, São Paulo State University, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Bruno Pot
- Yakult Europe BV, Almere, The Netherlands
| | - Ana M Valdes
- Nottingham NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at the School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Gemma Walton
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Adrienne Weiss
- Yili Innovation Center Europe, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Naomi V Venlet
- International Life Sciences Institute, European Branch, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michela Miani
- International Life Sciences Institute, European Branch, Brussels, Belgium
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10
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Depommier C, Everard A, Druart C, Maiter D, Thissen JP, Loumaye A, Hermans MP, Delzenne NM, de Vos WM, Cani PD. Serum metabolite profiling yields insights into health promoting effect of A. muciniphila in human volunteers with a metabolic syndrome. Gut Microbes 2022; 13:1994270. [PMID: 34812127 PMCID: PMC8632301 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1994270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduction of A. muciniphila relative abundance in the gut microbiota is a widely accepted signature associated with obesity-related metabolic disorders. Using untargeted metabolomics profiling of fasting plasma, our study aimed at identifying metabolic signatures associated with beneficial properties of alive and pasteurized A. muciniphila when administrated to a cohort of insulin-resistant individuals with metabolic syndrome. Our data highlighted either shared or specific alterations in the metabolome according to the form of A. muciniphila administered with respect to a control group. Common responses encompassed modulation of amino acid metabolism, characterized by reduced levels of arginine and alanine, alongside several intermediates of tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, and glutathione metabolism. The global increase in levels of acylcarnitines together with specific modulation of acetoacetate also suggested induction of ketogenesis through enhanced β-oxidation. Moreover, our data pinpointed some metabolites of interest considering their emergence as substantial compounds pertaining to health and diseases in the more recent literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Depommier
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (Welbio), UCLouvain, Université Catholique De Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (Welbio), UCLouvain, Université Catholique De Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Céline Druart
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (Welbio), UCLouvain, Université Catholique De Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dominique Maiter
- Pôle Edin, Institut De Recherches Expérimentales Et Cliniques, UCLouvain, Université Catholique De Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Paul Thissen
- Pôle Edin, Institut De Recherches Expérimentales Et Cliniques, UCLouvain, Université Catholique De Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Audrey Loumaye
- Pôle Edin, Institut De Recherches Expérimentales Et Cliniques, UCLouvain, Université Catholique De Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michel P. Hermans
- Pôle Edin, Institut De Recherches Expérimentales Et Cliniques, UCLouvain, Université Catholique De Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie M. Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (Welbio), UCLouvain, Université Catholique De Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Willem M. de Vos
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherland,Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Patrice D. Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (Welbio), UCLouvain, Université Catholique De Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,CONTACT Patrice D. Cani UCLouvain, Université Catholique De Louvain, Ldri, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Av. E. Mounier, 73 Box B1.73.11, B-1200Brussels, Belgium
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11
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Le Roy T, Moens de Hase E, Van Hul M, Paquot A, Pelicaen R, Régnier M, Depommier C, Druart C, Everard A, Maiter D, Delzenne NM, Bindels LB, de Barsy M, Loumaye A, Hermans MP, Thissen JP, Vieira-Silva S, Falony G, Raes J, Muccioli GG, Cani PD. Dysosmobacter welbionis is a newly isolated human commensal bacterium preventing diet-induced obesity and metabolic disorders in mice. Gut 2022; 71:534-543. [PMID: 34108237 PMCID: PMC8862106 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-323778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the abundance and the prevalence of Dysosmobacter welbionis J115T, a novel butyrate-producing bacterium isolated from the human gut both in the general population and in subjects with metabolic syndrome. To study the impact of this bacterium on host metabolism using diet-induced obese and diabetic mice. DESIGN We analysed the presence and abundance of the bacterium in 11 984 subjects using four human cohorts (ie, Human Microbiome Project, American Gut Project, Flemish Gut Flora Project and Microbes4U). Then, we tested the effects of daily oral gavages with live D. welbionis J115T on metabolism and several hallmarks of obesity, diabetes, inflammation and lipid metabolism in obese/diabetic mice. RESULTS This newly identified bacterium was detected in 62.7%-69.8% of the healthy population. Strikingly, in obese humans with a metabolic syndrome, the abundance of Dysosmobacter genus correlates negatively with body mass index, fasting glucose and glycated haemoglobin. In mice, supplementation with live D. welbionis J115T, but not with the pasteurised bacteria, partially counteracted diet-induced obesity development, fat mass gain, insulin resistance and white adipose tissue hypertrophy and inflammation. In addition, live D. welbionis J115T administration protected the mice from brown adipose tissue inflammation in association with increased mitochondria number and non-shivering thermogenesis. These effects occurred with minor impact on the mouse intestinal microbiota composition. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that D. welbionis J115T directly and beneficially influences host metabolism and is a strong candidate for the development of next-generation beneficial bacteria targeting obesity and associated metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiphaine Le Roy
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emilie Moens de Hase
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Adrien Paquot
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group (BPBL), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rudy Pelicaen
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marion Régnier
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Clara Depommier
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Céline Druart
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dominique Maiter
- Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques (IREC), Pôle EDIN, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laure B Bindels
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie de Barsy
- Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques (IREC), Pôle EDIN, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Audrey Loumaye
- Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques (IREC), Pôle EDIN, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michel P Hermans
- Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques (IREC), Pôle EDIN, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Paul Thissen
- Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques (IREC), Pôle EDIN, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sara Vieira-Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gwen Falony
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Raes
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giulio G Muccioli
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group (BPBL), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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12
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Abstract
Hypothalamic regulations of food intake are altered during obesity. The dopaminergic mesocorticolimbic system, responsible for the hedonic response to food intake, is also affected. Gut microbes are other key players involved in obesity. Therefore, we investigated whether the gut microbiota plays a causal role in hedonic food intake alterations contributing to obesity. We transferred fecal material from lean or diet-induced obese mice into recipient mice and evaluated the hedonic food intake using a food preference test comparing the intake of control and palatable diets (HFHS, High-Fat High-Sucrose) in donor and recipient mice. Obese mice ate 58% less HFHS during the food preference test (p < 0.0001) than the lean donors, suggesting a dysregulation of the hedonic food intake during obesity. Strikingly, the reduction of the pleasure induced by eating during obesity was transferable through gut microbiota transplantation since obese gut microbiota recipient mice exhibited similar reduction in HFHS intake during the food preference test (40% reduction as compared to lean gut microbiota recipient mice, p < 0.01). This effect was associated with a consistent trend in modifications of dopaminergic markers expression in the striatum. We also pinpointed a highly positive correlation between HFHS intake and Parabacteroides (p < 0.0001), which could represent a potential actor involved in hedonic feeding probably through the gut-to-brain axis. We further demonstrated the key roles played by gut microbes in this paradigm since depletion of gut microbiota using broad-spectrum antibiotics also altered HFHS intake during food preference test in lean mice. In conclusion, we discovered that gut microbes regulate hedonic aspects of food intake. Our data demonstrate that gut microbiota modifications associated with obesity participate in dysregulations of the reward and hedonic components of the food intake. These data provide evidence that gut microbes could be an interesting therapeutic target to tackle hedonic disorders related to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice de Wouters d’Oplinter
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université Catholique De Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marialetizia Rastelli
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université Catholique De Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université Catholique De Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie M. Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université Catholique De Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrice D. Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université Catholique De Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université Catholique De Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,CONTACT Amandine Everard UCLouvain, Université Catholique De Louvain, LDRI, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Av. E. Mounier, 73 Box B1.73.11, B-1200Brussels, Belgium
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13
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Abot A, Wemelle E, Laurens C, Paquot A, Pomie N, Carper D, Bessac A, Mas Orea X, Fremez C, Fontanie M, Lucas A, Lesage J, Everard A, Meunier E, Dietrich G, Muccioli GG, Moro C, Cani PD, Knauf C. Identification of new enterosynes using prebiotics: roles of bioactive lipids and mu-opioid receptor signalling in humans and mice. Gut 2021; 70:1078-1087. [PMID: 33020209 PMCID: PMC8108281 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-320230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The enteric nervous system (ENS) plays a key role in controlling the gut-brain axis under normal and pathological conditions, such as type 2 diabetes. The discovery of intestinal actors, such as enterosynes, able to modulate the ENS-induced duodenal contraction is considered an innovative approach. Among all the intestinal factors, the understanding of the role of gut microbes in controlling glycaemia is still developed. We studied whether the modulation of gut microbiota by prebiotics could permit the identification of novel enterosynes. DESIGN We measured the effects of prebiotics on the production of bioactive lipids in the intestine and tested the identified lipid on ENS-induced contraction and glucose metabolism. Then, we studied the signalling pathways involved and compared the results obtained in mice to human. RESULTS We found that modulating the gut microbiota with prebiotics modifies the actions of enteric neurons, thereby controlling duodenal contraction and subsequently attenuating hyperglycaemia in diabetic mice. We discovered that the signalling pathway involved in these effects depends on the synthesis of a bioactive lipid 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) and the presence of mu-opioid receptors (MOR) on enteric neurons. Using pharmacological approaches, we demonstrated the key role of the MOR receptors and proliferator-activated receptor γ for the effects of 12-HETE. These findings are supported by human data showing a decreased expression of the proenkephalin and MOR messanger RNAs in the duodenum of patients with diabetic. CONCLUSIONS Using a prebiotic approach, we identified enkephalin and 12-HETE as new enterosynes with potential real beneficial and safety impact in diabetic human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Abot
- IRSD, INSERM, Toulouse, Occitanie, France,Enterosys, CRO, Toulouse, Occitanie, France,European Associated Laboratory (EAL) NeuroMicrobiota, Toulouse, Brussels, France, Belgium
| | - Eve Wemelle
- IRSD, INSERM, Toulouse, Occitanie, France,European Associated Laboratory (EAL) NeuroMicrobiota, Toulouse, Brussels, France, Belgium
| | - Claire Laurens
- CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France,CNES, Paris, France
| | - Adrien Paquot
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Arnaud Bessac
- IRSD, INSERM, Toulouse, Occitanie, France,IPBS, Toulouse, Midi-Pyrénées, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Jean Lesage
- Lille 2 University of Health and Law, Lille, Hauts-de-France, France
| | - Amandine Everard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Giulio G Muccioli
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Patrice D Cani
- European Associated Laboratory (EAL) NeuroMicrobiota, Toulouse, Brussels, France, Belgium .,Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Claude Knauf
- IRSD, INSERM, Toulouse, Occitanie, France .,European Associated Laboratory (EAL) NeuroMicrobiota, Toulouse, Brussels, France, Belgium
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14
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Thibaut MM, Sboarina M, Roumain M, Pötgens SA, Neyrinck AM, Destrée F, Gillard J, Leclercq IA, Dachy G, Demoulin JB, Tailleux A, Lestavel S, Rastelli M, Everard A, Cani PD, Porporato PE, Loumaye A, Thissen JP, Muccioli GG, Delzenne NM, Bindels LB. Inflammation-induced cholestasis in cancer cachexia. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2021; 12:70-90. [PMID: 33350058 PMCID: PMC7890151 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer cachexia is a debilitating metabolic syndrome contributing to cancer death. Organs other than the muscle may contribute to the pathogenesis of cancer cachexia. This work explores new mechanisms underlying hepatic alterations in cancer cachexia. METHODS We used transcriptomics to reveal the hepatic gene expression profile in the colon carcinoma 26 cachectic mouse model. We performed bile acid, tissue mRNA, histological, biochemical, and western blot analyses. Two interventional studies were performed using a neutralizing interleukin 6 antibody and a bile acid sequestrant, cholestyramine. Our findings were evaluated in a cohort of 94 colorectal cancer patients with or without cachexia (43/51). RESULTS In colon carcinoma 26 cachectic mice, we discovered alterations in five inflammatory pathways as well as in other pathways, including bile acid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and xenobiotic metabolism (normalized enrichment scores of -1.97, -2.16, and -1.34, respectively; all Padj < 0.05). The hepatobiliary transport system was deeply impaired in cachectic mice, leading to increased systemic and hepatic bile acid levels (+1512 ± 511.6 pmol/mg, P = 0.01) and increased hepatic inflammatory cytokines and neutrophil recruitment to the liver of cachectic mice (+43.36 ± 16.01 neutrophils per square millimetre, P = 0.001). Adaptive mechanisms were set up to counteract this bile acid accumulation by repressing bile acid synthesis and by enhancing alternative routes of basolateral bile acid efflux. Targeting bile acids using cholestyramine reduced hepatic inflammation, without affecting the hepatobiliary transporters (e.g. tumour necrosis factor α signalling via NFκB and inflammatory response pathways, normalized enrichment scores of -1.44 and -1.36, all Padj < 0.05). Reducing interleukin 6 levels counteracted the change in expression of genes involved in the hepatobiliary transport, bile acid synthesis, and inflammation. Serum bile acid levels were increased in cachectic vs. non-cachectic cancer patients (e.g. total bile acids, +5.409 ± 1.834 μM, P = 0.026) and were strongly correlated to systemic inflammation (taurochenodeoxycholic acid and C-reactive protein: ρ = 0.36, Padj = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS We show alterations in bile acid metabolism and hepatobiliary secretion in cancer cachexia. In this context, we demonstrate the contribution of systemic inflammation to the impairment of the hepatobiliary transport system and the role played by bile acids in the hepatic inflammation. This work paves the way to a better understanding of the role of the liver in cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane M Thibaut
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Martina Sboarina
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Martin Roumain
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sarah A Pötgens
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Audrey M Neyrinck
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Florence Destrée
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Justine Gillard
- Laboratory of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Isabelle A Leclercq
- Laboratory of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guillaume Dachy
- Experimental Medicine Unit, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Baptiste Demoulin
- Experimental Medicine Unit, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne Tailleux
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Sophie Lestavel
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Marialetizia Rastelli
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Paolo E Porporato
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Audrey Loumaye
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutrition Department, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Paul Thissen
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutrition Department, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Giulio G Muccioli
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laure B Bindels
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Depommier C, Flamand N, Pelicaen R, Maiter D, Thissen JP, Loumaye A, Hermans MP, Everard A, Delzenne NM, Di Marzo V, Cani PD. Linking the Endocannabinoidome with Specific Metabolic Parameters in an Overweight and Insulin-Resistant Population: From Multivariate Exploratory Analysis to Univariate Analysis and Construction of Predictive Models. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010071. [PMID: 33466285 PMCID: PMC7824762 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The global obesity epidemic continues to rise worldwide. In this context, unraveling new interconnections between biological systems involved in obesity etiology is highly relevant. Dysregulation of the endocannabinoidome (eCBome) is associated with metabolic complications in obesity. This study aims at deciphering new associations between circulating endogenous bioactive lipids belonging to the eCBome and metabolic parameters in a population of overweight or obese individuals with metabolic syndrome. To this aim, we combined different multivariate exploratory analysis methods: canonical correlation analysis and principal component analysis, revealed associations between eCBome subsets, and metabolic parameters such as leptin, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA). Subsequent construction of predictive regression models according to the linear combination of selected endocannabinoids demonstrates good prediction performance for NEFA. Descriptive approaches reveal the importance of specific circulating endocannabinoids and key related congeners to explain variance in the metabolic parameters in our cohort. Analysis of quartiles confirmed that these bioactive lipids were significantly higher in individuals characterized by important levels for aforementioned metabolic variables. In conclusion, by proposing a methodology for the exploration of large-scale data, our study offers additional evidence of the existence of an interplay between eCBome related-entities and metabolic parameters known to be altered in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Depommier
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Av. E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (C.D.); (R.P.); (A.E.); (N.M.D.)
| | - Nicolas Flamand
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (N.F.); (V.D.M.)
| | - Rudy Pelicaen
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Av. E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (C.D.); (R.P.); (A.E.); (N.M.D.)
| | - Dominique Maiter
- Pôle EDIN, Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques, UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (D.M.); (J.-P.T.); (A.L.); (M.P.H.)
- Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Jean-Paul Thissen
- Pôle EDIN, Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques, UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (D.M.); (J.-P.T.); (A.L.); (M.P.H.)
- Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Audrey Loumaye
- Pôle EDIN, Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques, UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (D.M.); (J.-P.T.); (A.L.); (M.P.H.)
- Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Michel P. Hermans
- Pôle EDIN, Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques, UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (D.M.); (J.-P.T.); (A.L.); (M.P.H.)
- Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Av. E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (C.D.); (R.P.); (A.E.); (N.M.D.)
| | - Nathalie M. Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Av. E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (C.D.); (R.P.); (A.E.); (N.M.D.)
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (N.F.); (V.D.M.)
- Centre NUTRISS, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Patrice D. Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Av. E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (C.D.); (R.P.); (A.E.); (N.M.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-2-764-73-97
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Abstract
Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is a prevalent disease associated with non-specific symptoms and findings. Many gray areas persist in the pathogenesis of LPR, the diagnosis and the treatment. Symptoms are poorly correlated with fiberoptic signs or hypopharyngeal-esophageal multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH monitoring findings. The therapeutic response remains uncertain with some resistant patients to medical or surgical treatment. The development of LPR-symptoms and findings may be related to the refluxate of a myriad of gastroduodenal enzymes, which may modify the laryngopharyngeal and oral microbiome leading to mucosa maintenance and recovery impairments. The diet of patient is important because it may impact the microbiome composition and some foods are known to increase the number of hypopharyngeal reflux events. The number of hypopharyngeal reflux events may be increased by autonomic nerve dysfunction that may have an important role in the persistence of LPR-symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome R Lechien
- Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Study Group of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Belgium; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, CHU de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, School of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University), Paris, France; Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMons), Mons, Belgium.
| | - Nathalie De Vos
- Laboratoire Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles (LHUB-ULB), CHU Saint-Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sven Saussez
- Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Study Group of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Belgium; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, CHU de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, School of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University), Paris, France
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17
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Van Hul M, Karnik K, Canene-Adams K, De Souza M, Van den Abbeele P, Marzorati M, Delzenne NM, Everard A, Cani PD. Comparison of the effects of soluble corn fiber and fructooligosaccharides on metabolism, inflammation, and gut microbiome of high-fat diet-fed mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 319:E779-E791. [PMID: 32830554 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00108.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Dietary fibers are essential components of a balanced diet and have beneficial effects on metabolic functions. To gain insight into their impact on host physiology and gut microbiota, we performed a direct comparison of two specific prebiotic fibers in mice. During an 8-wk follow up, mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) were compared with mice on a normal diet (basal condition, controls) and to mice fed the HFD but treated with one of the following prebiotics: fructooligosaccharides (FOS) or soluble corn fiber (SCF). Both prebiotic fibers led to a similar reduction of body weight and fat mass, lower inflammation and improved metabolic parameters. However, these health benefits were the result of different actions of the fibers, as SCF impacted energy excretion, whereas FOS did not. Interestingly, both fibers had very distinct gut microbial signatures with different short-chain fatty acid profiles, indicating that they do not favor the growth of the same bacterial communities. Although the prebiotic potential of different fibers may seem physiologically equivalent, our data show that the underlying mechanisms of action are different, and this by targeting different gut microbes. Altogether, our data provide evidence that beneficial health effects of specific dietary fibers must be documented to be considered a prebiotic and that studies devoted to understanding how structures relate to specific microbiota modulation and metabolic effects are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Van Hul
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kavita Karnik
- Innovation and Commercial Development, Tate & Lyle Ingredients Americas, Hoffman Estates, Illinois
| | - Kirstie Canene-Adams
- Innovation and Commercial Development, Tate & Lyle Ingredients Americas, Hoffman Estates, Illinois
| | - Mervyn De Souza
- Innovation and Commercial Development, Tate & Lyle Ingredients Americas, Hoffman Estates, Illinois
| | | | - Massimo Marzorati
- ProDigest, Ghent, Belgium
- Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Brussels, Belgium
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18
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Depommier C, Van Hul M, Everard A, Delzenne NM, De Vos WM, Cani PD. Pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila increases whole-body energy expenditure and fecal energy excretion in diet-induced obese mice. Gut Microbes 2020; 11:1231-1245. [PMID: 32167023 PMCID: PMC7524283 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1737307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence points to Akkermansia muciniphila as a novel candidate to prevent or treat obesity-related metabolic disorders. We recently observed, in mice and in humans, that pasteurization of A. muciniphila increases its beneficial effects on metabolism. However, it is currently unknown if the observed beneficial effects on body weight and fat mass gain are due to specific changes in energy expenditure. Therefore, we investigated the effects of pasteurized A. muciniphila on whole-body energy metabolism during high-fat diet feeding by using metabolic chambers. We confirmed that daily oral administration of pasteurized A. muciniphila alleviated diet-induced obesity and decreased food energy efficiency. We found that this effect was associated with an increase in energy expenditure and spontaneous physical activity. Strikingly, we discovered that energy expenditure was enhanced independently from changes in markers of thermogenesis or beiging of the white adipose tissue. However, we found in brown and white adipose tissues that perilipin2, a factor associated with lipid droplet and known to be altered in obesity, was decreased in expression by pasteurized A. muciniphila. Finally, we observed that treatment with pasteurized A. muciniphila increased energy excretion in the feces. Interestingly, we demonstrated that this effect was not due to the modulation of intestinal lipid absorption or chylomicron synthesis but likely involved a reduction of carbohydrates absorption and enhanced intestinal epithelial turnover. In conclusion, this study further dissects the mechanisms by which pasteurized A. muciniphila reduces body weight and fat mass gain. These data also further support the impact of targeting the gut microbiota by using specific bacteria to control whole-body energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Depommier
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université Catholique De Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université Catholique De Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université Catholique De Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie M. Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université Catholique De Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Willem M. De Vos
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands,Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Patrice D. Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université Catholique De Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,CONTACT Patrice D. Cani UCLouvain, Université Catholique De Louvain, LDRI, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Av. E. Mounier, 73 Box B1.73.11, B-1200Brussels, Belgium
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19
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Rastelli M, Van Hul M, Terrasi R, Lefort C, Régnier M, Beiroa D, Delzenne NM, Everard A, Nogueiras R, Luquet S, Muccioli GG, Cani PD. Intestinal NAPE-PLD contributes to short-term regulation of food intake via gut-to-brain axis. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 319:E647-E657. [PMID: 32776827 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00146.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Our objective was to explore the physiological role of the intestinal endocannabinoids in the regulation of appetite upon short-term exposure to high-fat-diet (HFD) and understand the mechanisms responsible for aberrant gut-brain signaling leading to hyperphagia in mice lacking Napepld in the intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). We generated a murine model harboring an inducible NAPE-PLD deletion in IECs (NapepldΔIEC). After an overnight fast, we exposed wild-type (WT) and NapepldΔIEC mice to different forms of lipid challenge (HFD or gavage), and we compared the modification occurring in the hypothalamus, in the vagus nerve, and at endocrine level 30 and 60 min after the stimulation. NapepldΔIEC mice displayed lower hypothalamic levels of N-oleoylethanolamine (OEA) in response to HFD. Lower mRNA expression of anorexigenic Pomc occurred in the hypothalamus of NapepldΔIEC mice after lipid challenge. This early hypothalamic alteration was not the consequence of impaired vagal signaling in NapepldΔIEC mice. Following lipid administration, WT and NapepldΔIEC mice had similar portal levels of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and similar rates of GLP-1 inactivation. Administration of exendin-4, a full agonist of GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R), prevented the hyperphagia of NapepldΔIEC mice upon HFD. We conclude that in response to lipid, NapepldΔIEC mice displayed reduced OEA in brain and intestine, suggesting an impairment of the gut-brain axis in this model. We speculated that decreased levels of OEA likely contributes to reduce GLP-1R activation, explaining the observed hyperphagia in this model. Altogether, we elucidated novel physiological mechanisms regarding the gut-brain axis by which intestinal NAPE-PLD regulates appetite rapidly after lipid exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marialetizia Rastelli
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Romano Terrasi
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Lefort
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Marion Régnier
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Daniel Beiroa
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Rubén Nogueiras
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Serge Luquet
- Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Giulio G Muccioli
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
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Britto FA, Gnimassou O, De Groote E, Balan E, Warnier G, Everard A, Cani PD, Deldicque L. Acute environmental hypoxia potentiates satellite cell-dependent myogenesis in response to resistance exercise through the inflammation pathway in human. FASEB J 2019; 34:1885-1900. [PMID: 31914659 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902244r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Acute environmental hypoxia may potentiate muscle hypertrophy in response to resistance training but the mechanisms are still unknown. To this end, twenty subjects performed a 1-leg knee extension session (8 sets of 8 repetitions at 80% 1 repetition maximum, 2-min rest between sets) in normoxic or normobaric hypoxic conditions (FiO2 14%). Muscle biopsies were taken 15 min and 4 hours after exercise in the vastus lateralis of the exercised and the non-exercised legs. Blood samples were taken immediately, 2h and 4h after exercise. In vivo, hypoxic exercise fostered acute inflammation mediated by the TNFα/NF-κB/IL-6/STAT3 (+333%, +194%, + 163% and +50% respectively) pathway, which has been shown to contribute to satellite cells myogenesis. Inflammation activation was followed by skeletal muscle invasion by CD68 (+63%) and CD197 (+152%) positive immune cells, both known to regulate muscle regeneration. The role of hypoxia-induced activation of inflammation in myogenesis was confirmed in vitro. Acute hypoxia promoted myogenesis through increased Myf5 (+300%), MyoD (+88%), myogenin (+1816%) and MRF4 (+489%) mRNA levels in primary myotubes and this response was blunted by siRNA targeting STAT3. In conclusion, our results suggest that hypoxia could improve muscle hypertrophic response following resistance exercise through IL-6/STAT3-dependent myogenesis and immune cells-dependent muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian A Britto
- Institute of Neuroscience, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain la Neuve, Belgium
| | - Olouyoumi Gnimassou
- Institute of Neuroscience, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain la Neuve, Belgium
| | - Estelle De Groote
- Institute of Neuroscience, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain la Neuve, Belgium
| | - Estelle Balan
- Institute of Neuroscience, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain la Neuve, Belgium
| | - Geoffrey Warnier
- Institute of Neuroscience, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain la Neuve, Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, WELBIO - Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain la Neuve, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, WELBIO - Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain la Neuve, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Louise Deldicque
- Institute of Neuroscience, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain la Neuve, Belgium
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21
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Dao MC, Belda E, Prifti E, Everard A, Kayser BD, Bouillot JL, Chevallier JM, Pons N, Le Chatelier E, Ehrlich SD, Doré J, Aron-Wisnewsky J, Zucker JD, Cani PD, Clément K. Akkermansia muciniphila abundance is lower in severe obesity, but its increased level after bariatric surgery is not associated with metabolic health improvement. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 317:E446-E459. [PMID: 31265324 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00140.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The gut bacterial species Akkermansia muciniphila is associated with a healthier clinical profile. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between A. muciniphila and glucose homeostasis in patients undergoing bariatric surgery (BS): gastric banding (GB) or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). This nonrandomized prospective study included 65 women with severe obesity. Longitudinal analysis included subjects for whom A. muciniphila data were available at follow-up [1, 3, and 12 mo; GB (n = 10) or RYGB (n = 11)]. Glucose homeostasis markers were measured under fasting conditions (glucose, insulin, and HbA1c) or during an oral glucose tolerance test. Fecal microbiota was analyzed using shotgun metagenomics, and A. muciniphila relative abundance was assessed with 16S rRNA quantitative PCR. A. muciniphila relative abundance was significantly lower in severe obesity [mean body mass index, 45.7 kg/m2 (SD 5.4)] than in moderate obesity [33.2 kg/m2 (SD 3.8)] but not associated with glucose homeostasis markers. A significant increase in A. muciniphila relative abundance after RYGB was not correlated with metabolic improvement. Baseline A. muciniphila abundance was correlated with bacterial gene richness and was highest in the high-richness Ruminococcaceae enterotype. A. muciniphila increased in relative abundance after BS in patients with low baseline A. muciniphila abundance, especially those with a Bacteroides type 2 enterotype classification. Although decreased in severe obesity, relative abundance of A. muciniphila was not associated with glucose homeostasis before or after BS. A certain level of A. muciniphila abundance might be required to observe a beneficial link to health. The severity of obesity and gut dysbiosis may partly explain the discrepancy with previous findings in less obese populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carlota Dao
- Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nutrition & Obesity-Systemic Approaches Research Group (NutriOmics), Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Eugeni Belda
- Integromics, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Edi Prifti
- Integromics, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Unité de Modélisation Mathématique et Informatique des Systèmes Complexes, Bondy, France
| | - Amandine Everard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Brandon D Kayser
- Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nutrition & Obesity-Systemic Approaches Research Group (NutriOmics), Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Luc Bouillot
- Visceral Surgery Department, Ambroise Paré Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marc Chevallier
- Visceral Surgery Department, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompido, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Pons
- Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Emmanuelle Le Chatelier
- Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Stanislav Dusko Ehrlich
- Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Joel Doré
- Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Judith Aron-Wisnewsky
- Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nutrition & Obesity-Systemic Approaches Research Group (NutriOmics), Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
- Nutrition Department, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Île-de-France, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Daniel Zucker
- Integromics, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Unité de Modélisation Mathématique et Informatique des Systèmes Complexes, Bondy, France
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karine Clément
- Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nutrition & Obesity-Systemic Approaches Research Group (NutriOmics), Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
- Nutrition Department, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Île-de-France, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
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22
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Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the function of hepatic myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88), a central adaptor of innate immunity, in metabolism. Although its role in inflammation is well known, we have recently discovered that MyD88 can also mediate energy, lipid, and glucose metabolism. More precisely, we have reported that mice harboring hepatocyte-specific deletion of MyD88 (Myd88ΔHep) were predisposed to glucose intolerance, liver fat accumulation, and inflammation. However, the molecular events explaining the onset of hepatic disorders and inflammation remain to be elucidated. To investigate the molecular mechanism, Myd88ΔHep and wild-type (WT) mice were challenged by two complementary approaches affecting liver lipid metabolism and immunity. The first approach consisted of a short-term exposure to high-fat diet (HFD), whereas the second was an acute LPS injection. We discovered that upon 3 days of HFD Myd88ΔHep mice displayed an increase in liver weight and liver lipids compared with WT mice. Moreover, we found that bile acid and oxysterol metabolism were deeply affected by the absence of hepatic MyD88. Our data suggest that the negative feedback loop suppressing bile acid synthesis was impaired (i.e., ERK activity was decreased) in Myd88ΔHep mice. Finally, the predisposition to inflammation sensitivity displayed by Myd88ΔHep mice may be caused by the accumulation of 25-hydroxycholesterol, an oxysterol linked to inflammatory response and metabolic disorders. This study highlights the importance of MyD88 on both liver fat accumulation and cholesterol-derived bioactive lipid synthesis. These are two key features associated with metabolic syndrome. Therefore, investigating the regulation of hepatic MyD88 could lead to discovery of new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Lefort
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain and Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain and Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain and Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain and Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain and Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology , Brussels , Belgium
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23
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Depommier C, Everard A, Druart C, Plovier H, Van Hul M, Vieira-Silva S, Falony G, Raes J, Maiter D, Delzenne NM, de Barsy M, Loumaye A, Hermans MP, Thissen JP, de Vos WM, Cani PD. Supplementation with Akkermansia muciniphila in overweight and obese human volunteers: a proof-of-concept exploratory study. Nat Med 2019; 25:1096-1103. [PMID: 31263284 PMCID: PMC6699990 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-019-0495-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1083] [Impact Index Per Article: 216.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is characterized by a constellation of comorbidities that predispose individuals to an increased risk of developing cardiovascular pathologies as well as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)1. The gut microbiota is considered as a new key contributor involved in the onset of obesity-related disorders2. In humans, studies have provided evidence for a negative correlation between Akkermansia muciniphila abundance and overweight, obesity, untreated T2DM, or hypertension3–8. As the administration of A.muciniphila has never been investigated in humans, we conducted a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled pilot study in overweight/obese insulin resistant volunteers, 40 were enroled and 32 completed the trial. The primary endpoints were on safety, tolerability and metabolic parameters (i.e., insulin resistance, circulating lipids, visceral adiposity, body mass). The secondary outcomes were the gut barrier function (i.e., plasma lipopolysacharrides (LPS) and gut microbiota composition. In this single-center study, we demonstrated that daily oral supplementation of 1010 bacteria either alive or pasteurized A.muciniphila for 3 months was safe and well tolerated. Compared to the Placebo, pasteurized A.muciniphila improved insulin sensitivity (+28.62±7.02%, P=0.002), reduced insulinemia (-34.08±7.12%, P=0.006) and plasma total cholesterol (-8.68±2.38%, P=0.02). Pasteurized A.muciniphila supplementation slightly decreased body weight (-2.27±0.92kg, P=0.091) as compared to the Placebo group, and fat mass (-1.37±0.82kg, P=0.092) and hip circumference (-2.63±1.14cm, P = 0.091) as compared to baseline. After 3 months of supplementation, A.muciniphila reduced the levels of relevant blood markers of liver dysfunction and inflammation while the overall gut microbiome structure was unaffected. In conclusion, this proof-of-concept study (NCT02637115) shows that the intervention was safe and well-tolerated and that the supplementation with A.muciniphila improves several metabolic paramaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Depommier
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Céline Druart
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hubert Plovier
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sara Vieira-Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology-Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gwen Falony
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology-Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Raes
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology-Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dominique Maiter
- Pôle EDIN, Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie de Barsy
- Pôle EDIN, Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Audrey Loumaye
- Pôle EDIN, Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michel P Hermans
- Pôle EDIN, Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Paul Thissen
- Pôle EDIN, Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Willem M de Vos
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands.,Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
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24
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Abstract
The gut microbiome has emerged as a key regulator of host metabolism. Here we review the various mechanisms through which the gut microbiome influences the energy metabolism of its host, highlighting the complex interactions between gut microbes, their metabolites and host cells. Among the most important bacterial metabolites are short-chain fatty acids, which serve as a direct energy source for host cells, stimulate the production of gut hormones and act in the brain to regulate food intake. Other microbial metabolites affect systemic energy expenditure by influencing thermogenesis and adipose tissue browning. Both direct and indirect mechanisms of action are known for specific metabolites, such as bile acids, branched chain amino acids, indole propionic acid and endocannabinoids. We also discuss the roles of specific bacteria in the production of specific metabolites and explore how external factors, such as antibiotics and exercise, affect the microbiome and thereby energy homeostasis. Collectively, we present a large body of evidence supporting the concept that gut microbiota-based therapies can be used to modulate host metabolism, and we expect to see such approaches moving from bench to bedside in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Lefort
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Clara Depommier
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marialetizia Rastelli
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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25
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Van Hul M, Geurts L, Plovier H, Druart C, Everard A, Ståhlman M, Rhimi M, Chira K, Teissedre PL, Delzenne N, Maguin E, Guilbot A, Brochot A, Gérard P, Bäckhed F, Cani P. Effet d’extraits de cannelle et de marc de raisin riches en polyphénols sur le métabolisme, le microbiote intestinal et la barrière intestinale de la souris. NUTR CLIN METAB 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2018.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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26
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Van Hul M, Geurts L, Plovier H, Druart C, Everard A, Ståhlman M, Rhimi M, Chira K, Teissedre PL, Delzenne NM, Maguin E, Guilbot A, Brochot A, Gérard P, Bäckhed F, Cani PD. Reduced obesity, diabetes, and steatosis upon cinnamon and grape pomace are associated with changes in gut microbiota and markers of gut barrier. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2018; 314:E334-E352. [PMID: 28874357 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00107.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that polyphenols have a significant potential in the prevention and treatment of risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome. The objective of this study was to assess the metabolic outcomes of two polyphenol-containing extracts from cinnamon bark (CBE) and grape pomace (GPE) on C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 wk. Both CBE and GPE were able to decrease fat mass gain and adipose tissue inflammation in mice fed a HFD without reducing food intake. This was associated with reduced liver steatosis and lower plasma nonesterified fatty acid levels. We also observed a beneficial effect on glucose homeostasis, as evidenced by an improved glucose tolerance and a lower insulin resistance index. These ameliorations of the overall metabolic profile were associated with a significant impact on the microbial composition, which was more profound for the GPE than for the CBE. At the genus level, Peptococcus were decreased in the CBE group. In the GPE-treated group, several key genera that have been previously found to be linked with HFD, metabolic effects, and gut barrier integrity were affected: we observed a decrease of Desulfovibrio, Lactococcus, whereas Allobaculum and Roseburia were increased. In addition, the expression of several antimicrobial peptides and tight junction proteins was increased in response to both CBE and GPE supplementation, indicating an improvement of the gut barrier function. Collectively, these data suggest that CBE and GPE can ameliorate the overall metabolic profile of mice on a high-fat diet, partly by acting on the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Van Hul
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Lucie Geurts
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Hubert Plovier
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Céline Druart
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Marcus Ståhlman
- Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Moez Rhimi
- Micalis, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay , Jouy-en-Josas , France
| | - Kleopatra Chira
- Université Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV), EA 4577 Œnologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- INRA, ISVV, USC 1366 Œnologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Pierre-Louis Teissedre
- Université Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV), EA 4577 Œnologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- INRA, ISVV, USC 1366 Œnologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Emmanuelle Maguin
- Micalis, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay , Jouy-en-Josas , France
| | | | | | - Philippe Gérard
- Micalis, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay , Jouy-en-Josas , France
| | - Fredrik Bäckhed
- Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section for Metabolic Receptology and Enteroendocrinology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group , Brussels , Belgium
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27
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Delbès AS, Castel J, Denis RGP, Morel C, Quiñones M, Everard A, Cani PD, Massiera F, Luquet SH. Prebiotics Supplementation Impact on the Reinforcing and Motivational Aspect of Feeding. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:273. [PMID: 29896158 PMCID: PMC5987188 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Energy homeostasis is tightly regulated by the central nervous system which responds to nervous and circulating inputs to adapt food intake and energy expenditure. However, the rewarding and motivational aspect of food is tightly dependent of dopamine (DA) release in mesocorticolimbic (MCL) system and could be operant in uncontrolled caloric intake and obesity. Accumulating evidence indicate that manipulating the microbiota-gut-brain axis through prebiotic supplementation can have beneficial impact of the host appetite and body weight. However, the consequences of manipulating the implication of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in the control motivational and hedonic/reinforcing aspects of food are still underexplored. In this study, we investigate whether and how dietary prebiotic fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) could oppose, or revert, the change in hedonic and homeostatic control of feeding occurring after a 2-months exposure to high-fat high-sugar (HFHS) diet. The reinforcing and motivational components of food reward were assessed using a two-food choice paradigm and a food operant behavioral test in mice exposed to FOS either during or after HFHS exposure. We also performed mRNA expression analysis for key genes involved in limbic and hypothalamic control of feeding. We show in a preventive-like approach, FOS addition of HFHS diet had beneficial impact of hypothalamic neuropeptides, and decreased the operant performance for food but only after an overnight fast while it did not prevent the imbalance in mesolimbic markers for DA signaling induced by palatable diet exposure nor the spontaneous tropism for palatable food when given the choice. However, when FOS was added to control diet after chronic HFHS exposure, although it did not significantly alter body weight loss, it greatly decreased palatable food tropism and consumption and was associated with normalization of MCL markers for DA signaling. We conclude that the nature of the diet (regular chow or HFHS) as well as the timing at which prebiotic supplementation is introduced (preventive or curative) greatly influence the efficacy of the gut-microbiota-brain axis. This crosstalk selectively alters the hedonic or motivational drive to eat and triggers molecular changes in neural substrates involved in the homeostatic and non-homeostatic control of body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Delbès
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Paris, France
| | - Julien Castel
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Paris, France
| | - Raphaël G. P. Denis
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Paris, France
| | - Chloé Morel
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Paris, France
| | - Mar Quiñones
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Paris, France
| | - Amandine Everard
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrice D. Cani
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Florence Massiera
- Laboratoire de Recherche Nutritionnelle KOT CEPRODI SA, Paris, France
| | - Serge H. Luquet
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Serge H. Luquet,
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28
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de Cossío LF, Fourrier C, Sauvant J, Everard A, Capuron L, Cani PD, Layé S, Castanon N. Impact of prebiotics on metabolic and behavioral alterations in a mouse model of metabolic syndrome. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 64:33-49. [PMID: 28027925 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence shows that the gut microbiota, an important player within the gut-brain communication axis, can affect metabolism, inflammation, brain function and behavior. Interestingly, gut microbiota composition is known to be altered in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS), who also often display neuropsychiatric symptoms. The use of prebiotics, which beneficially alters the microbiota, may therefore be a promising way to potentially improve physical and mental health in MetS patients. This hypothesis was tested in a mouse model of MetS, namely the obese and type-2 diabetic db/db mice, which display emotional and cognitive alterations associated with changes in gut microbiota composition and hippocampal inflammation compared to their lean db/+ littermates. We assessed the impact of chronic administration (8weeks) of prebiotics (oligofructose) on both metabolic (body weight, food intake, glucose homeostasis) and behavioral (increased anxiety-like behavior and impaired spatial memory) alterations characterizing db/db mice, as well as related neurobiological correlates, with particular attention to neuroinflammatory processes. Prebiotic administration improved excessive food intake and glycemic dysregulations (glucose tolerance and insulin resistance) in db/db mice. This was accompanied by an increase of plasma anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 levels and hypothalamic mRNA expression of the anorexigenic cytokine IL-1β, whereas unbalanced mRNA expression of hypothalamic orexigenic (NPY) and anorexigenic (CART, POMC) peptides was unchanged. We also detected signs of improved blood-brain-barrier integrity in the hypothalamus of oligofructose-treated db/db mice (normalized expression of tight junction proteins ZO-1 and occludin). On the contrary, prebiotic administration did not improve behavioral alterations and associated reduction of hippocampal neurogenesis displayed by db/db mice, despite normalization of increased hippocampal IL-6 mRNA expression. Of note, we found a relationship between the effect of treatment on dentate gyrus neurons and spatial memory. These findings may prove valuable for introducing novel approaches to treat some of the comorbidities associated with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Fernández de Cossío
- INRA, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology, UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology, UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Célia Fourrier
- INRA, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology, UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology, UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Julie Sauvant
- INRA, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology, UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology, UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Amandine Everard
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lucile Capuron
- INRA, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology, UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology, UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sophie Layé
- INRA, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology, UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology, UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Nathalie Castanon
- INRA, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology, UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology, UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France.
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29
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Duparc T, Plovier H, Marrachelli VG, Van Hul M, Essaghir A, Ståhlman M, Matamoros S, Geurts L, Pardo-Tendero MM, Druart C, Delzenne NM, Demoulin JB, van der Merwe SW, van Pelt J, Bäckhed F, Monleon D, Everard A, Cani PD. Hepatocyte MyD88 affects bile acids, gut microbiota and metabolome contributing to regulate glucose and lipid metabolism. Gut 2017; 66:620-632. [PMID: 27196572 PMCID: PMC5529962 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2015-310904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the role of hepatocyte myeloid differentiation primary-response gene 88 (MyD88) on glucose and lipid metabolism. DESIGN To study the impact of the innate immune system at the level of the hepatocyte and metabolism, we generated mice harbouring hepatocyte-specific deletion of MyD88. We investigated the impact of the deletion on metabolism by feeding mice with a normal control diet or a high-fat diet for 8 weeks. We evaluated body weight, fat mass gain (using time-domain nuclear magnetic resonance), glucose metabolism and energy homeostasis (using metabolic chambers). We performed microarrays and quantitative PCRs in the liver. In addition, we investigated the gut microbiota composition, bile acid profile and both liver and plasma metabolome. We analysed the expression pattern of genes in the liver of obese humans developing non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). RESULTS Hepatocyte-specific deletion of MyD88 predisposes to glucose intolerance, inflammation and hepatic insulin resistance independently of body weight and adiposity. These phenotypic differences were partially attributed to differences in gene expression, transcriptional factor activity (ie, peroxisome proliferator activator receptor-α, farnesoid X receptor (FXR), liver X receptors and STAT3) and bile acid profiles involved in glucose, lipid metabolism and inflammation. In addition to these alterations, the genetic deletion of MyD88 in hepatocytes changes the gut microbiota composition and their metabolomes, resembling those observed during diet-induced obesity. Finally, obese humans with NASH displayed a decreased expression of different cytochromes P450 involved in bioactive lipid synthesis. CONCLUSIONS Our study identifies a new link between innate immunity and hepatic synthesis of bile acids and bioactive lipids. This dialogue appears to be involved in the susceptibility to alterations associated with obesity such as type 2 diabetes and NASH, both in mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Duparc
- WELBIO- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hubert Plovier
- WELBIO- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vannina G Marrachelli
- Fundación de Investigación del Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- WELBIO- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ahmed Essaghir
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marcus Ståhlman
- Wallenberg Laboratory/Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden,Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sébastien Matamoros
- WELBIO- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lucie Geurts
- WELBIO- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mercedes M Pardo-Tendero
- Fundación de Investigación del Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Céline Druart
- WELBIO- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Schalk W van der Merwe
- Laboratory of Hepatology, University of Leuven (KUL), Belgium,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Division of Liver and Biliopancreatic Disorders, KUL, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jos van Pelt
- Laboratory of Hepatology, University of Leuven (KUL), Belgium
| | - Fredrik Bäckhed
- Wallenberg Laboratory/Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden,Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section for Metabolic Receptology and Enteroendocrinology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel Monleon
- Fundación de Investigación del Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Amandine Everard
- WELBIO- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrice D Cani
- WELBIO- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Chelminski Y, Magnan C, Luquet SH, Everard A, Meunier N, Gurden H, Martin C. Odor-Induced Neuronal Rhythms in the Olfactory Bulb Are Profoundly Modified in ob/ob Obese Mice. Front Physiol 2017; 8:2. [PMID: 28154537 PMCID: PMC5244437 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptin, the product of the Ob(Lep) gene, is a peptide hormone that plays a major role in maintaining the balance between food intake and energy expenditure. In the brain, leptin receptors are expressed by hypothalamic cells but also in the olfactory bulb, the first central structure coding for odors, suggesting a precise function of this hormone in odor-evoked activities. Although olfaction plays a key role in feeding behavior, the ability of the olfactory bulb to integrate the energy-related signal leptin is still missing. Therefore, we studied the fate of odor-induced activity in the olfactory bulb in the genetic context of leptin deficiency using the obese ob/ob mice. By means of an odor discrimination task with concomitant local field potential recordings, we showed that ob/ob mice perform better than wild-type (WT) mice in the early stage of the task. This behavioral gain of function was associated in parallel with profound changes in neuronal oscillations in the olfactory bulb. The distribution of the peaks in the gamma frequency range was shifted toward higher frequencies in ob/ob mice compared to WT mice before learning. More notably, beta oscillatory activity, which has been shown previously to be correlated with olfactory discrimination learning, was longer and stronger in expert ob/ob mice after learning. Since oscillations in the olfactory bulb emerge from mitral to granule cell interactions, our results suggest that cellular dynamics in the olfactory bulb are deeply modified in ob/ob mice in the context of olfactory learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chelminski
- UMR 8165 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, IMNC, Paris Sud University, Paris Diderot University Orsay, France
| | - Christophe Magnan
- UMR 8251 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, BFA, Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité University Paris, France
| | - Serge H Luquet
- UMR 8251 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, BFA, Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité University Paris, France
| | - Amandine Everard
- UMR 8251 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, BFA, Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité University Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Meunier
- INRA, UR1197 NeuroBiologie de l'OlfactionJouy-en-Josas, France; Université de Versailles St-Quentin en YvelinesVersailles, France
| | - Hirac Gurden
- UMR 8165 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, IMNC, Paris Sud University, Paris Diderot UniversityOrsay, France; UMR 8251 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, BFA, Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité UniversityParis, France
| | - Claire Martin
- UMR 8165 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, IMNC, Paris Sud University, Paris Diderot UniversityOrsay, France; UMR 8251 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, BFA, Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité UniversityParis, France
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31
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Brooks L, Viardot A, Tsakmaki A, Stolarczyk E, Howard JK, Cani PD, Everard A, Sleeth ML, Psichas A, Anastasovskaj J, Bell JD, Bell-Anderson K, Mackay CR, Ghatei MA, Bloom SR, Frost G, Bewick GA. Fermentable carbohydrate stimulates FFAR2-dependent colonic PYY cell expansion to increase satiety. Mol Metab 2016; 6:48-60. [PMID: 28123937 PMCID: PMC5220466 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Dietary supplementation with fermentable carbohydrate protects against body weight gain. Fermentation by the resident gut microbiota produces short-chain fatty acids, which act at free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2). Our aim was to test the hypothesis that FFAR2 is important in regulating the beneficial effects of fermentable carbohydrate on body weight and to understand the role of gut hormones PYY and GLP-1. Methods Wild-type or Ffar2−/− mice were fed an inulin supplemented or control diet. Mice were metabolically characterized and gut hormone concentrations, enteroendocrine cell density measurements were carried out. Intestinal organoids and colonic cultures were utilized to substantiate the in vivo findings. Results We provide new mechanistic insight into how fermentable carbohydrate regulates metabolism. Using mice that lack FFAR2, we demonstrate that the fermentable carbohydrate inulin acts via this receptor to drive an 87% increase in the density of cells that produce the appetite-suppressing hormone peptide YY (PYY), reduce food intake, and prevent diet-induced obesity. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that FFAR2 is predominantly involved in regulating the effects of fermentable carbohydrate on metabolism and does so, in part, by enhancing PYY cell density and release. This highlights the potential for targeting enteroendocrine cell differentiation to treat obesity. Fermentable carbohydrate protects against diet-induced obesity via FFAR2. Fermentable carbohydrate increases GLP-1 cell density independently of FFAR2. FFAR2 signaling increases PYY cell density and circulating PYY concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Brooks
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Alexander Viardot
- Diabetes & Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney-Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Anastasia Tsakmaki
- Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Emilie Stolarczyk
- Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Jane K Howard
- Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology), Université catholique de Louvain, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology), Université catholique de Louvain, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michelle L Sleeth
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Arianna Psichas
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Jelena Anastasovskaj
- Metabolic and Molecular Imaging Group, MRC Clinical Science Centre, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Jimmy D Bell
- Metabolic and Molecular Imaging Group, MRC Clinical Science Centre, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Kim Bell-Anderson
- School of Molecular Bioscience, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Charles R Mackay
- Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia; Department of Immunology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Mohammad A Ghatei
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Stephen R Bloom
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Gary Frost
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Gavin A Bewick
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK; Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK.
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Guillemot-Legris O, Masquelier J, Everard A, Cani PD, Alhouayek M, Muccioli GG. High-fat diet feeding differentially affects the development of inflammation in the central nervous system. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:206. [PMID: 27566530 PMCID: PMC5002131 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0666-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity and its associated disorders are becoming a major health issue in many countries. The resulting low-grade inflammation not only affects the periphery but also the central nervous system. We set out to study, in a time-dependent manner, the effects of a high-fat diet on different regions of the central nervous system with regard to the inflammatory tone. Methods We used a diet-induced obesity model and compared at several time-points (1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 16 weeks) a group of mice fed a high-fat diet with its respective control group fed a standard diet. We also performed a large-scale analysis of lipids in the central nervous system using HPLC-MS, and we then tested the lipids of interest on a primary co-culture of astrocytes and microglial cells. Results We measured an increase in the inflammatory tone in the cerebellum at the different time-points. However, at week 16, we evidenced that the inflammatory tone displayed significant differences in two different regions of the central nervous system, specifically an increase in the cerebellum and no modification in the cortex for high-fat diet mice when compared with chow-fed mice. Our results clearly suggest region-dependent as well as time-dependent adaptations of the central nervous system to the high-fat diet. The differences in inflammatory tone between the two regions considered seem to involve astrocytes but not microglial cells. Furthermore, a large-scale lipid screening coupled to ex vivo testing enabled us to identify three classes of lipids—phosphatidylinositols, phosphatidylethanolamines, and lysophosphatidylcholines—as well as palmitoylethanolamide, as potentially responsible for the difference in inflammatory tone. Conclusions This study demonstrates that the inflammatory tone induced by a high-fat diet does not similarly affect distinct regions of the central nervous system. Moreover, the lipids identified and tested ex vivo showed interesting anti-inflammatory properties and could be further studied to better characterize their activity and their role in controlling inflammation in the central nervous system. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12974-016-0666-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owein Guillemot-Legris
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Av. E.Mounier, 72 (B1.72.01), 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julien Masquelier
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Av. E.Mounier, 72 (B1.72.01), 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, WELBIO - Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, WELBIO - Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mireille Alhouayek
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Av. E.Mounier, 72 (B1.72.01), 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Giulio G Muccioli
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Av. E.Mounier, 72 (B1.72.01), 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
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Neyrinck AM, Etxeberria U, Taminiau B, Daube G, Van Hul M, Everard A, Cani PD, Bindels LB, Delzenne NM. Rhubarb extract prevents hepatic inflammation induced by acute alcohol intake, an effect related to the modulation of the gut microbiota. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 61. [PMID: 26990039 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Binge consumption of alcohol is an alarming global health problem. Acute ethanol intoxication is characterized by hepatic inflammation and oxidative stress, which could be promoted by gut barrier function alterations. In this study, we have tested the hypothesis of the hepatoprotective effect of rhubarb extract in a mouse model of binge drinking and we explored the contribution of the gut microbiota in the related metabolic effects. METHODS AND RESULTS Mice were fed a control diet supplemented with or without 0.3% rhubarb extract for 17 days and were necropsied 6 h after an alcohol challenge. Supplementation with rhubarb extract changed the microbial ecosystem (assessed by 16S rDNA pyrosequencing) in favor of Akkermansia muciniphila and Parabacteroides goldsteinii. Furthermore, it improved alcohol-induced hepatic injury, downregulated key markers of both inflammatory and oxidative stresses in the liver tissue, without affecting significantly steatosis. In the gut, rhubarb supplementation increased crypt depth, tissue weight, and the expression of antimicrobial peptides. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that some bacterial genders involved in gut barrier function, are promoted by phytochemicals present in rhubarb extract, and could therefore be involved in the modulation of the susceptibility to hepatic diseases linked to acute alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey M Neyrinck
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Usune Etxeberria
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Bernard Taminiau
- Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health-Department of Food Sciences, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Georges Daube
- Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health-Department of Food Sciences, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Louvain Drug Research Institute, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Louvain Drug Research Institute, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Louvain Drug Research Institute, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laure B Bindels
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Dao MC, Everard A, Clément K, Cani PD. Losing weight for a better health: Role for the gut microbiota. Clin Nutr Exp 2016; 6:39-58. [PMID: 33094147 PMCID: PMC7567023 DOI: 10.1016/j.yclnex.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there have been several reviews on gut microbiota, obesity and cardiometabolism summarizing interventions that may impact the gut microbiota and have beneficial effects on the host (some examples include [1–3]). In this review we discuss how the gut microbiota changes with weight loss (WL) interventions in relation to clinical and dietary parameters. We also evaluate available evidence on the heterogeneity of response to these interventions. Two important questions were generated in this regard: 1) Can response to an intervention be predicted? 2) Could pre-intervention modifications to the gut microbiota optimize WL and metabolic improvement? Finally, we have delineated some recommendations for future research, such as the importance of assessment of diet and other environmental exposures in WL intervention studies, and the need to shift to more integrative approaches of data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carlota Dao
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR S U1166, Nutriomics Team, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, UMR_S 1166 I, Nutriomics Team, Paris, France
| | - Amandine Everard
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Av. E. Mounier, 73 Box B1.73.11, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karine Clément
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR S U1166, Nutriomics Team, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, UMR_S 1166 I, Nutriomics Team, Paris, France
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Patrice D. Cani
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Av. E. Mounier, 73 Box B1.73.11, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Corresponding authors.
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Dao MC, Everard A, Aron-Wisnewsky J, Sokolovska N, Prifti E, Verger EO, Kayser BD, Levenez F, Chilloux J, Hoyles L, Dumas ME, Rizkalla SW, Doré J, Cani PD, Clément K. Akkermansia muciniphila and improved metabolic health during a dietary intervention in obesity: relationship with gut microbiome richness and ecology. Gut 2016; 65:426-36. [PMID: 26100928 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2014-308778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1138] [Impact Index Per Article: 142.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Individuals with obesity and type 2 diabetes differ from lean and healthy individuals in their abundance of certain gut microbial species and microbial gene richness. Abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila, a mucin-degrading bacterium, has been inversely associated with body fat mass and glucose intolerance in mice, but more evidence is needed in humans. The impact of diet and weight loss on this bacterial species is unknown. Our objective was to evaluate the association between faecal A. muciniphila abundance, faecal microbiome gene richness, diet, host characteristics, and their changes after calorie restriction (CR). DESIGN The intervention consisted of a 6-week CR period followed by a 6-week weight stabilisation diet in overweight and obese adults (N=49, including 41 women). Faecal A. muciniphila abundance, faecal microbial gene richness, diet and bioclinical parameters were measured at baseline and after CR and weight stabilisation. RESULTS At baseline A. muciniphila was inversely related to fasting glucose, waist-to-hip ratio and subcutaneous adipocyte diameter. Subjects with higher gene richness and A. muciniphila abundance exhibited the healthiest metabolic status, particularly in fasting plasma glucose, plasma triglycerides and body fat distribution. Individuals with higher baseline A. muciniphila displayed greater improvement in insulin sensitivity markers and other clinical parameters after CR. These participants also experienced a reduction in A. muciniphila abundance, but it remained significantly higher than in individuals with lower baseline abundance. A. muciniphila was associated with microbial species known to be related to health. CONCLUSIONS A. muciniphila is associated with a healthier metabolic status and better clinical outcomes after CR in overweight/obese adults. The interaction between gut microbiota ecology and A. muciniphila warrants further investigation. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT01314690.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carlota Dao
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière hospital, Paris, France INSERM, UMR S U1166, Nutriomics Team, Paris, France Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, UMR_S 1166 I, Nutriomics Team, Paris, France
| | - Amandine Everard
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Judith Aron-Wisnewsky
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière hospital, Paris, France INSERM, UMR S U1166, Nutriomics Team, Paris, France Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, UMR_S 1166 I, Nutriomics Team, Paris, France
| | - Nataliya Sokolovska
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière hospital, Paris, France INSERM, UMR S U1166, Nutriomics Team, Paris, France Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, UMR_S 1166 I, Nutriomics Team, Paris, France
| | - Edi Prifti
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière hospital, Paris, France
| | - Eric O Verger
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière hospital, Paris, France INSERM, UMR S U1166, Nutriomics Team, Paris, France Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, UMR_S 1166 I, Nutriomics Team, Paris, France
| | - Brandon D Kayser
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière hospital, Paris, France
| | - Florence Levenez
- INRA, US1367 MetaGenoPolis, Jouy-en-Josas, France AgroParisTech, UMR1319 MICALIS, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Julien Chilloux
- Imperial College London, Section of Biomolecular Medicine, Division of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Lesley Hoyles
- Imperial College London, Section of Biomolecular Medicine, Division of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, London, UK
| | | | - Marc-Emmanuel Dumas
- Imperial College London, Section of Biomolecular Medicine, Division of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Salwa W Rizkalla
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière hospital, Paris, France
| | - Joel Doré
- INRA, US1367 MetaGenoPolis, Jouy-en-Josas, France AgroParisTech, UMR1319 MICALIS, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karine Clément
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière hospital, Paris, France INSERM, UMR S U1166, Nutriomics Team, Paris, France Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, UMR_S 1166 I, Nutriomics Team, Paris, France
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Abstract
Various metabolic disorders are associated with changes in inflammatory tone. Among the latest advances in the metabolism field, the discovery that gut microorganisms have a major role in host metabolism has revealed the possibility of a plethora of associations between gut bacteria and numerous diseases. However, to date, few mechanisms have been clearly established. Accumulating evidence indicates that the endocannabinoid system and related bioactive lipids strongly contribute to several physiological processes and are a characteristic of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and inflammation. In this Review, we briefly define the gut microbiota as well as the endocannabinoid system and associated bioactive lipids. We discuss existing literature regarding interactions between gut microorganisms and the endocannabinoid system, focusing specifically on the triad of adipose tissue, gut bacteria and the endocannabinoid system in the context of obesity and the development of fat mass. We highlight gut-barrier function by discussing the role of specific factors considered to be putative 'gate keepers' or 'gate openers', and their role in the gut microbiota-endocannabinoid system axis. Finally, we briefly discuss data related to the different pharmacological strategies currently used to target the endocannabinoid system, in the context of cardiometabolic disorders and intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice D Cani
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier 73, Box B1.73.11, Brussels B-1200, Belgium
| | - Hubert Plovier
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier 73, Box B1.73.11, Brussels B-1200, Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier 73, Box B1.73.11, Brussels B-1200, Belgium
| | - Lucie Geurts
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier 73, Box B1.73.11, Brussels B-1200, Belgium
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier 73, Box B1.73.11, Brussels B-1200, Belgium
| | - Céline Druart
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier 73, Box B1.73.11, Brussels B-1200, Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier 73, Box B1.73.11, Brussels B-1200, Belgium
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Abstract
Microbe communication with host mammalian cells and external factors such as diet influences this multifaceted ecosystem. A recent study shows that interactions between microbial genes and dietary elements are dynamic processes that may help to characterize an organism's niche and eventually its impact on the overall community and host metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice D Cani
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology), Metabolism and Nutrition research group, Avenue E. Mounier, 73 Box B1.73.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Amandine Everard
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology), Metabolism and Nutrition research group, Avenue E. Mounier, 73 Box B1.73.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
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Abstract
Each human intestine harbours not only hundreds of trillions of bacteria but also bacteriophage particles, viruses, fungi and archaea, which constitute a complex and dynamic ecosystem referred to as the gut microbiota. An increasing number of data obtained during the last 10 years have indicated changes in gut bacterial composition or function in type 2 diabetic patients. Analysis of this 'dysbiosis' enables the detection of alterations in specific bacteria, clusters of bacteria or bacterial functions associated with the occurrence or evolution of type 2 diabetes; these bacteria are predominantly involved in the control of inflammation and energy homeostasis. Our review focuses on two key questions: does gut dysbiosis truly play a role in the occurrence of type 2 diabetes, and will recent discoveries linking the gut microbiota to host health be helpful for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for type 2 diabetes? Here we review how pharmacological, surgical and nutritional interventions for type 2 diabetic patients may impact the gut microbiota. Experimental studies in animals are identifying which bacterial metabolites and components act on host immune homeostasis and glucose metabolism, primarily by targeting intestinal cells involved in endocrine and gut barrier functions. We discuss novel approaches (e.g. probiotics, prebiotics and faecal transfer) and the need for research and adequate intervention studies to evaluate the feasibility and relevance of these new therapies for the management of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie M Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier, 73, B1.73.11, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier, 73, B1.73.11, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier, 73, B1.73.11, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Audrey M Neyrinck
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier, 73, B1.73.11, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laure B Bindels
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier, 73, B1.73.11, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
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39
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Cani PD, Everard A. Talking microbes: When gut bacteria interact with diet and host organs. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015; 60:58-66. [PMID: 26178924 PMCID: PMC5014210 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and diabetes have reached epidemic proportions. Evidence suggests that besides dietary habits and physical activity, other environmental factors, such as gut microbes, are recognized as additional partners implicated in the control of energy homeostasis. Studies on the human gut microbiota have shown that the general population can be stratified on the sole basis of three dominant bacteria (i.e., the concept of enterotypes), while some others have suggested categorizing the population according to their microbiome gene richness. Both aspects have been strengthened by recent studies investigating the impact of nutrients (e.g., dietary fibers, fat feeding) and dietary habits (i.e., vegans versus omnivores) of different populations. Using preclinical models, quite a few novel mechanisms have been proposed in these gut microbiota–host interactions, including the role of novel bacteria, the regulation of antimicrobial peptide production, the maintenance of the gut barrier function and intestinal innate immunity. In this review, we discuss several of the aforementioned aspects. Nonetheless, determining the overall mechanisms by which microbes dialogue with host cells will require further investigations before anticipating the development of next‐generation nutritional interventions using prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, or even specific nutrients for promoting health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, WELBIO- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, WELBIO- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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40
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Abstract
Obesity is associated with altered gut microbiota and low-grade inflammation. Both dietary habits and food composition contribute to the onset of such diseases. Emulsifiers, compounds commonly used in a variety of foods, were shown to induce body weight gain, low-grade inflammation and metabolic disorders. These dietary compounds promote gut microbiota alteration and gut barrier dysfunction leading to negative metabolic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice D Cani
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, 1200-Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Amandine Everard
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, 1200-Brussels, Belgium
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41
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Dao M, Everard A, Aron‐Wisnewsky J, Sokolovska N, Verger E, Rizkalla S, Doré J, Cani P, Clément K. Akkermansia Muciniphila
and Gut Microbiota Richness are Associated with Improved Metabolic Status after Calorie Restriction. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.601.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dao
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition ICANParisFrance
| | - Amandine Everard
- LDRI, WELBIO, Metabolism and Nutrition research groupUniversité catholique de LouvainBrusselsBelgium
| | | | | | - Eric Verger
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition ICANParisFrance
| | - Salwa Rizkalla
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition ICANParisFrance
| | - Joel Doré
- US1367 MetaGenoPolis INRAJouy‐en‐JosasFrance
| | - Patrice Cani
- LDRI, WELBIO, Metabolism and Nutrition research groupUniversité catholique de LouvainBrusselsBelgium
| | - Karine Clément
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition ICANParisFrance
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Geurts L, Everard A, Van Hul M, Essaghir A, Duparc T, Matamoros S, Plovier H, Castel J, Denis RGP, Bergiers M, Druart C, Alhouayek M, Delzenne NM, Muccioli GG, Demoulin JB, Luquet S, Cani PD. Adipose tissue NAPE-PLD controls fat mass development by altering the browning process and gut microbiota. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6495. [PMID: 25757720 PMCID: PMC4382707 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a pandemic disease associated with many metabolic alterations and involves several organs and systems. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) appears to be a key regulator of energy homeostasis and metabolism. Here we show that specific deletion of the ECS synthesizing enzyme, NAPE-PLD, in adipocytes induces obesity, glucose intolerance, adipose tissue inflammation and altered lipid metabolism. We report that Napepld-deleted mice present an altered browning programme and are less responsive to cold-induced browning, highlighting the essential role of NAPE-PLD in regulating energy homeostasis and metabolism in the physiological state. Our results indicate that these alterations are mediated by a shift in gut microbiota composition that can partially transfer the phenotype to germ-free mice. Together, our findings uncover a role of adipose tissue NAPE-PLD on whole-body metabolism and provide support for targeting NAPE-PLD-derived bioactive lipids to treat obesity and related metabolic disorders. Endocannabinoids are bioactive lipid molecules produced in the body. Here, Geurts et al. create mice lacking the endocannabinoid-producing enzyme NAPE-PLD in adipocytes and report defects in adipose-induced browning, which are mediated by alterations in the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Geurts
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ahmed Essaghir
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate, 74 B1.74.05, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thibaut Duparc
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Matamoros
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hubert Plovier
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julien Castel
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, BFA, UMR8251, CNRS, F-75205 Paris, France
| | - Raphael G P Denis
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, BFA, UMR8251, CNRS, F-75205 Paris, France
| | - Marie Bergiers
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Céline Druart
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mireille Alhouayek
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier, 72 B1.72.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Giulio G Muccioli
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier, 72 B1.72.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Baptiste Demoulin
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate, 74 B1.74.05, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Serge Luquet
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, BFA, UMR8251, CNRS, F-75205 Paris, France
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
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43
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Abstract
A large body of evidence suggests that the regulation of energy balance and glucose homeostasis by fermentable carbohydrates induces specific changes in the gut microbiota. Among the mechanisms, our research group and others have demonstrated that the gut microbiota fermentation (i.e., bacterial digestion of specific compounds) of specific prebiotics or other non-digestible carbohydrates is associated with the secretion of enteroendocrine peptides, such as the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY), produced by L-cells. In this review, we highlight past and recent results describing how dietary manipulation of the gut microbiota, using nutrients or specific microbes, can stimulate GLP-1 secretion in rodents and humans. Furthermore, the purpose of this review is to discuss the putative mechanisms by which specific bacterial metabolites, such as short chain fatty acids, trigger GLP-1 secretion through GPR41/43-dependent mechanisms. Moreover, we conclude by discussing the molecular advance showing that the endocannabinoid system or related bioactive lipids modulated by the gut microbiota may contribute to the regulation of glucose, lipid and energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Everard
- WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology), Metabolism and Nutrition research group, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Av. E. Mounier, 73, Box B1.73.11, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
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Vanacker J, Viswanath A, De Berdt P, Everard A, Cani PD, Bouzin C, Feron O, Diogenes A, Leprince JG, des Rieux A. Hypoxia modulates the differentiation potential of stem cells of the apical papilla. J Endod 2014; 40:1410-8. [PMID: 25146023 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAP) are a population of mesenchymal stem cells likely involved in regenerative endodontic procedures and have potential use as therapeutic agents in other tissues. In these situations, SCAP are exposed to hypoxic conditions either within a root canal devoid of an adequate blood supply or in a scaffold material immediately after implantation. However, the effect of hypoxia on SCAP proliferation and differentiation is largely unknown. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of hypoxia on the fate of SCAP. METHODS SCAP were cultured under normoxia (21% O2) or hypoxia (1% O2) in basal or differentiation media. Cellular proliferation, gene expression, differentiation, and protein secretion were analyzed by live imaging, quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, cellular staining, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. RESULTS Hypoxia had no effect on SCAP proliferation, but it evoked the up-regulation of genes specific for osteogenic differentiation (runt-related transcription factor 2, alkaline phosphatase, and transforming growth factor-β1), neuronal differentiation ( 2'-3'-cyclic nucleotide 3' phosphodiesterase, SNAIL, neuronspecific enolase, glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin 3), and angiogenesis (vascular endothelial growth factor A and B). Hypoxia also increased the sustained production of VEGFa by SCAP. Moreover, hypoxia augmented the neuronal differentiation of SCAP in the presence of differentiation exogenous factors as detected by the up-regulation of NSE, VEGFB, and GDNF and the expression of neuronal markers (PanF and NeuN). CONCLUSIONS This study shows that hypoxia induces spontaneous differentiation of SCAP into osteogenic and neurogenic lineages while maintaining the release of the proangiogenic factor VEGFa. This highlights the potential of SCAP to promote pulp-dentin regeneration. Moreover, SCAP may represent potential therapeutic agents for neurodegenerative conditions because of their robust differentiation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Vanacker
- Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Unit, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Aiswarya Viswanath
- Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Unit, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pauline De Berdt
- Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Unit, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology), Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology), Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- Pole of Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Feron
- Pole of Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anibal Diogenes
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Julian G Leprince
- Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Unit, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne des Rieux
- Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Unit, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Everard A, Lazarevic V, Gaïa N, Johansson M, Ståhlman M, Backhed F, Delzenne NM, Schrenzel J, François P, Cani PD. Microbiome of prebiotic-treated mice reveals novel targets involved in host response during obesity. ISME J 2014; 8:2116-30. [PMID: 24694712 PMCID: PMC4163056 DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2014.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 419] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiota is involved in metabolic and immune disorders associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes. We previously demonstrated that prebiotic treatment may significantly improve host health by modulating bacterial species related to the improvement of gut endocrine, barrier and immune functions. An analysis of the gut metagenome is needed to determine which bacterial functions and taxa are responsible for beneficial microbiota-host interactions upon nutritional intervention. We subjected mice to prebiotic (Pre) treatment under physiological (control diet: CT) and pathological conditions (high-fat diet: HFD) for 8 weeks and investigated the production of intestinal antimicrobial peptides and the gut microbiome. HFD feeding significantly decreased the expression of regenerating islet-derived 3-gamma (Reg3g) and phospholipase A2 group-II (PLA2g2) in the jejunum. Prebiotic treatment increased Reg3g expression (by ∼50-fold) and improved intestinal homeostasis as suggested by the increase in the expression of intectin, a key protein involved in intestinal epithelial cell turnover. Deep metagenomic sequencing analysis revealed that HFD and prebiotic treatment significantly affected the gut microbiome at different taxonomic levels. Functional analyses based on the occurrence of clusters of orthologous groups (COGs) of proteins also revealed distinct profiles for the HFD, Pre, HFD-Pre and CT groups. Finally, the gut microbiota modulations induced by prebiotics counteracted HFD-induced inflammation and related metabolic disorders. Thus, we identified novel putative taxa and metabolic functions that may contribute to the development of or protection against the metabolic alterations observed during HFD feeding and HFD-Pre feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Everard
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vladimir Lazarevic
- Geneva University Hospitals, Division of Infectious Diseases, Genomic Research Lab, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nadia Gaïa
- Geneva University Hospitals, Division of Infectious Diseases, Genomic Research Lab, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maria Johansson
- 1] Wallenberg Laboratory/Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden [2] Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marcus Ståhlman
- 1] Wallenberg Laboratory/Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden [2] Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Backhed
- 1] Wallenberg Laboratory/Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden [2] Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jacques Schrenzel
- 1] Geneva University Hospitals, Division of Infectious Diseases, Genomic Research Lab, Geneva, Switzerland [2] Geneva University Hospitals, Laboratory of Bacteriology, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Patrice François
- Geneva University Hospitals, Division of Infectious Diseases, Genomic Research Lab, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Brussels, Belgium
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46
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice D Cani
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain drug research institute (LDRI), WELBIO (Walloon excellence in lifesciences and biotechnology), groupe de recherche en métabolisme et nutrition, avenue E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, B-1200 Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - Amandine Everard
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain drug research institute (LDRI), WELBIO (Walloon excellence in lifesciences and biotechnology), groupe de recherche en métabolisme et nutrition, avenue E. Mounier, 73 B1.73.11, B-1200 Bruxelles, Belgique
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47
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Vincent M, Philippe E, Everard A, Kassis N, Rouch C, Denom J, Takeda Y, Uchiyama S, Delzenne NM, Cani PD, Migrenne S, Magnan C. Dietary supplementation with Agaricus blazei murill extract prevents diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in rats. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2013; 21:553-61. [PMID: 23592663 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dietary supplement may potentially help to fight obesity and other metabolic disorders such as insulin-resistance and low-grade inflammation. The present study aimed to test whether supplementation with Agaricus blazei murill (ABM) extract could have an effect on diet-induced obesity in rats. DESIGN AND METHODS Wistar rats were fed with control diet (CD) or high-fat diet (HF) and either with or without supplemented ABM for 20 weeks. RESULTS HF diet-induced body weight gain and increased fat mass compared to CD. In addition HF-fed rats developed hyperleptinemia and insulinemia as well as insulin resistance and glucose intolerance. In HF-fed rats, visceral adipose tissue also expressed biomarkers of inflammation. ABM supplementation in HF rats had a protective effect against body weight gain and all study related disorders. This was not due to decreased food intake which remained significantly higher in HF rats whether supplemented with ABM or not compared to control. There was also no change in gut microbiota composition in HF supplemented with ABM. Interestingly, ABM supplementation induced an increase in both energy expenditure and locomotor activity which could partially explain its protective effect against diet-induced obesity. In addition a decrease in pancreatic lipase activity is also observed in jejunum of ABM-treated rats suggesting a decrease in lipid absorption. CONCLUSIONS Taken together these data highlight a role for ABM to prevent body weight gain and related disorders in peripheral targets independently of effect in food intake in central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mylène Vincent
- University Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France
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Everard A, Belzer C, Geurts L, Ouwerkerk J, Druart C, Bindels L, Guiot Y, Derrien M, Muccioli G, Delzenne N, de Vos WM, Cani P. O80 Akkermansia muciniphila communique avec l’épithélium intestinal pour contrôler le développement de l’obésité et du diabète de type 2. Diabetes & Metabolism 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s1262-3636(13)71692-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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49
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Cani PD, Osto M, Geurts L, Everard A. Involvement of gut microbiota in the development of low-grade inflammation and type 2 diabetes associated with obesity. Gut Microbes 2012; 3:279-88. [PMID: 22572877 PMCID: PMC3463487 DOI: 10.4161/gmic.19625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 544] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with metabolic alterations related to glucose homeostasis and cardiovascular risk factors. These metabolic alterations are associated with low-grade inflammation that contributes to the onset of these diseases. We and others have provided evidence that gut microbiota participates in whole-body metabolism by affecting energy balance, glucose metabolism, and low-grade inflammation associated with obesity and related metabolic disorders. Recently, we defined gut microbiota-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (and metabolic endotoxemia) as a factor involved in the onset and progression of inflammation and metabolic diseases. In this review, we discuss mechanisms involved in the development of metabolic endotoxemia such as the gut permeability. We also discuss our latest discoveries demonstrating a link between the gut microbiota, endocannabinoid system tone, leptin resistance, gut peptides (glucagon-like peptide-1 and -2), and metabolic features. Finally, we will introduce the role of the gut microbiota in specific dietary treatments (prebiotics and probiotics) and surgical interventions (gastric bypass).
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50
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Everard A, Geurts L, Van Roye M, Delzenne NM, Cani PD. Tetrahydro iso-alpha acids from hops improve glucose homeostasis and reduce body weight gain and metabolic endotoxemia in high-fat diet-fed mice. PLoS One 2012; 7:e33858. [PMID: 22470484 PMCID: PMC3314685 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and related metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes are associated with a low-grade inflammatory state possibly through changes in gut microbiota composition and the development of higher plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels, i.e. metabolic endotoxemia. Various phytochemical compounds have been investigated as potential tools to regulate these metabolic features. Humulus lupulus L. (hops) contains several classes of compounds with anti-inflammatory potential. Recent evidence suggests that hops-derived compounds positively impact adipocyte metabolism and glucose tolerance in obese and diabetic rodents via undefined mechanisms. In this study, we found that administration of tetrahydro iso-alpha acids (termed META060) to high-fat diet (HFD)-fed obese and diabetic mice for 8 weeks reduced body weight gain, the development of fat mass, glucose intolerance, and fasted hyperinsulinemia, and normalized insulin sensitivity markers. This was associated with reduced portal plasma LPS levels, gut permeability, and higher intestinal tight junction proteins Zonula occludens-1 and occludin. Moreover, META060 treatment increased the plasma level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 and decreased the plasma level of the pro-inflammatory cytokine granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. In conclusion, this research allows us to decipher a novel mechanism contributing to the positive effects of META060 treatment, and supports the need to investigate such compounds in obese and type 2 diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Patrice D. Cani
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Brussels, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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