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Parija M, Prakash S, Krishna BM, Dash S, Mishra SK. SIRT1 mediates breast cancer development and tumorigenesis controlled by estrogen-related receptor β. Breast Cancer 2024; 31:440-455. [PMID: 38421553 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-024-01555-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) is a class III histone deacetylase (HDAC) that is NAD + dependent and essential for metabolism, senescence, and cell survival. SIRT1 is overexpressed in several cancers, including breast cancer. SIRT1 is a well-known target gene of the estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha) and is closely related to ER alpha deacetylation. Transcription factor Estrogen-related receptors (ERRs) share sequence homology with ERs in the DNA-binding domain, therefore, the possibility of sharing target genes between them is high. Our current research aims to gain insight into the function of ERRβ in regulating the activity of SIRT1 during the progression of breast cancer. ER-positive (ER + ve) breast cancer cells and tissues had considerably enhanced SIRT1 expression. Six potential ERRE sites were identified by analysis of the 5' upstream region of SIRT1, and both in vitro and in vivo experiments supported their presence. We found SIRT1 to be up-regulated in ERRβ overexpressed ER + ve breast cancer cells. Furthermore, our findings suggested that ectopic production of ERR and PCAF would increase SIRT1 activity. Our findings also indicated that ectopic production of ERRβ and PCAF increased SIRT1 activity. With sufficient evidence demonstrating the substantial involvement of SIRT1 in cell proliferation, migration, and colony formation capability, we were also able to illustrate the tumorigenic role of SIRT1. Overall, our findings highlight SIRT1's tumorigenic influence on breast cancer and suggest that SIRT1 inhibitors might serve as potential therapeutic drugs for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monalisa Parija
- Cancer Biology Lab, Gene Function and Regulation Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Nadankanan Road, Kalinga Hospital Cross, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurugram Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana (NCR Delhi), 121001, India
| | - Surya Prakash
- Cancer Biology Lab, Gene Function and Regulation Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Nadankanan Road, Kalinga Hospital Cross, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurugram Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana (NCR Delhi), 121001, India
| | - B Madhu Krishna
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Sanghamitra Dash
- Cancer Biology Lab, Gene Function and Regulation Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Nadankanan Road, Kalinga Hospital Cross, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurugram Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana (NCR Delhi), 121001, India
| | - Sandip K Mishra
- Cancer Biology Lab, Gene Function and Regulation Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Nadankanan Road, Kalinga Hospital Cross, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India.
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Hattori Y, Tahara S, Ozawa H, Morita A, Ishii H. Transcriptomic Profiling of Lactotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors via RNA Sequencing and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Neuroendocrinology 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38643763 DOI: 10.1159/000539017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lactotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) are common pituitary tumors, but their underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the transcriptomic landscape of lactotroph PitNETs and identify potential molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets through RNA sequencing and ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA). METHODS Lactotroph PitNET tissues from five surgical cases without dopamine agonist treatment underwent RNA sequencing. Normal pituitary tissues from 3 patients served as controls. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, and the functional pathways and gene networks were explored by IPA. RESULTS Transcriptome analysis revealed that lactotroph PitNETs had gene expression patterns that were distinct from normal pituitary tissues. We identified 1,172 upregulated DEGs, including nine long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) belonging to the top 30 DEGs. IPA of the upregulated DEGs showed that the estrogen receptor signaling, oxidative phosphorylation signaling, and EIF signaling were activated. In gene network analysis, key upstream regulators, such as EGR1, PRKACA, PITX2, CREB1, and JUND, may play critical roles in lactotroph PitNETs. CONCLUSION This study provides a comprehensive transcriptomic profile of lactotroph PitNETs and highlights the potential involvement of lincRNAs and specific signaling pathways in tumor pathogenesis. The identified upstream regulators may be potential therapeutic targets for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiro Hattori
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Tahara
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ozawa
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akio Morita
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Ishii
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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Khadempar S, Lotfi M, Haghiralsadat F, Saidijam M, Ghasemi N, Afshar S. Lansoprazole as a potent HDAC2 inhibitor for treatment of colorectal cancer: An in-silico analysis and experimental validation. Comput Biol Med 2023; 166:107518. [PMID: 37806058 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2), belonging to the class I HDAC family, holds significant therapeutic potential as a crucial target for diverse cancer types. As key players in the realm of epigenetic regulatory enzymes, histone deacetylases (HDACs) are intricately involved in the onset and progression of cancer. Consequently, pursuing isoform-specific inhibitors targeting histone deacetylases (HDACs) has garnered substantial interest in both biological and medical circles. The objective of the present investigation was to employ a drug repurposing approach to discover novel and potent HDAC2 inhibitors. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, our protocol is presented on virtual screening to identify novel potential HDAC2 inhibitors through 3D-QSAR, molecular docking, pharmacophore modeling, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Afterward, In-vitro assays were employed to evaluate the cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and migration of HCT-116 cell lines under treatment of hit compound and valproic acid as a control inhibitor. The expression levels of HDAC2, TP53, BCL2, and BAX were evaluated by QRT-PCR. RESULTS RMSD, RMSF, H-bond, and DSSP analysis results confirmed that among bioinformatically selected compounds, lansoprazole exhibited the highest HDAC2 inhibitory potential. Experimental validation revealed that lansoprazole displayed significant antiproliferative activity. The determined IC50 value was 400 ± 2.36 μM. Furthermore, the apoptotic cells ratio concentration-dependently increased under Lansoprazole treatment. Results of the Scratch assay indicated that lansoprazole led to decreasing the migration of CRC cells. Finally, under Lansoprazole treatment the expression level of BCL2 and HDAC2 decreased and BAX and TP53 increased. CONCLUSION Taking together the results of the current study indicated that Lansoprazole as a novel HDAC2 inhibitor, could be used as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of CRC. Although, further experimental studies should be performed before using this compound in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saedeh Khadempar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Marzieh Lotfi
- Abortion Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Haghiralsadat
- Medical Nanotechnology & Tissue Engineering Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Nasrin Ghasemi
- Abortion Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Saeid Afshar
- Cancer Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Beton-Mysur K, Brożek-Płuska B. A new modality for cholesterol impact tracking in colon cancer development - Raman imaging, fluorescence and AFM studies combined with chemometric analysis. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:5199-5217. [PMID: 37781815 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01040f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. Obesity, alcohol consumption, smoking, high consumption of red or processed meat and a diet with low fibre, fruit, and vegetable intake increase CRC risk. Despite advances in surgery (the basic treatment for recovery), chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, CRC remains the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. Therefore the social importance of this problem stimulates research aimed at developing new tools for rapid CRC diagnosis and analysis of CRC risk factors. Considering the association between the cholesterol level and CRC, we hypothesize that cholesterol spectroscopic and AFM (atomic force microscopy) studies combined with chemometric analysis can be new, powerful tools used to visualize the cholesterol distribution, estimate cholesterol content and determine its influence on the biochemical and nanomechanical properties of colon cells. Our paper presents the analysis of human colon tissues: normal and cancer and human colon single cells normal CCD18-Co and cancer CaCo-2 in the physiological state and CaCo-2 upon mevastatin supplementation. Based on vibrational features we have shown that Raman spectroscopy and imaging allow cholesterol content in human colon tissues and human colon single cells of both types to be tracked and allow the effectiveness of mevastatin in the mevalonate pathway modulation and disruption of the cholesterol level to be proven. All observations have been confirmed by chemometric analysis including principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLSDA). The positive impact of statins on cholesterol content has also been studied by using fluorescence microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). A significant increase in Young modulus as a mechanomarker for CaCo-2 human cancer colon cells upon mevastatin supplementation compared to CCD18-Co human normal colon cells was observed. This paper is one of the first reports about the use of Raman spectroscopic techniques in cholesterol investigations and the first one about cholesterol investigation using Raman spectroscopy (RS) on human cells ex vivo in the context of colon cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Beton-Mysur
- Lodz University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Laboratory of Laser Molecular Spectroscopy, Wroblewskiego 15, 93-590 Lodz, Poland.
| | - B Brożek-Płuska
- Lodz University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Laboratory of Laser Molecular Spectroscopy, Wroblewskiego 15, 93-590 Lodz, Poland.
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Fiorentino F, Mai A, Rotili D. The role of structural biology in the design of sirtuin activators. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2023; 82:102666. [PMID: 37542908 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2023.102666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuins are NAD+-dependent protein lysine deacylases and mono-ADP-ribosylases whose activity regulates different pathways, including DNA damage repair, cell survival and metabolism, reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification, inflammation, cardiac function, and neuronal signaling. Considering the beneficial effects of specific sirtuin isoforms on health and lifespan, the past two decades have seen a mounting interest in the development of sirtuin activators. The availability of enzyme-activator co-crystal structures has proven significant throughout the years for elucidating the mechanisms of action of activators and designing more potent and selective molecules. In this review, we highlight the most interesting examples of sirtuin activators and provide comprehensive coverage of the role that structural biology played in their discovery and characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Fiorentino
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonello Mai
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; Pasteur Institute, Cenci-Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Dante Rotili
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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Miura M, Igarashi M, Isotani R, Nakagawa-Nagahama Y, Kuranami S, Naruse K, Kadowaki T, Yamauchi T. SIRT1 Controls Enteroendocrine Progenitor Cell Proliferation in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 16:1040-1057. [PMID: 37598893 PMCID: PMC10685171 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS We aimed to investigate how sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a conserved mammalian Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide+-dependent protein deacetylase, regulates the number of enteroendocrine cells (EECs). EECs benefit metabolism, and their increase potentially could treat type 2 diabetes and obesity. METHODS We used mice with specific Sirt1 disruption in the intestinal epithelium (VilKO, villin-Cre+, and Sirt1flox/flox mice) or enteroendocrine progenitor cells (EEPCs) (NgnKO, neurogenin 3-Cre+, Sirt1flox/flox mice) and mice with increased SIRT1 activity owing to overexpression (Sir2d mice) or 24-hour fasting. Mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD), and blood glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose levels were measured. Intestinal tissues, EECs, and formed organoids were analyzed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunoblotting, and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS In HFD-fed VilKO and NgnKO mice, an increase in EECs (42.3% and 37.2%), GLP-1- or GLP-2-producing L cells (93.0% and 61.4%), and GLP-1 (85.7% and 109.6%) was observed after glucose loading, explaining the improved metabolic phenotype of HFD-VilKO mice. These increases were associated with up-regulated expression of neurogenin 3 (EEPC marker) in crypts of HFD-VilKO and HFD-NgnKO mice, respectively. Conversely, Sir2d or 24-hour fasted mice showed a decrease in EECs (21.6%), L cells (41.6%), and proliferative progenitor cells. SIRT1 overexpression- or knockdown-mediated change in the progenitor cell proliferation was associated with Wnt/β-catenin activity changes. Notably, Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor completely suppressed EEC and L-cell increases in HFD-VilKO mice or organoids from HFD-VilKO and HFD-NgnKO mice. CONCLUSIONS Intestinal SIRT1 in EECs modulates the EEPC cycle by regulating β-catenin activity and can control the number of EECs in HFD-fed mice, which is a previously unknown role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaomi Miura
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Igarashi
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Biology, Koch Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
| | - Ryosuke Isotani
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Nakagawa-Nagahama
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kuranami
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoko Naruse
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Toshimasa Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Sgadari M, Cacciola NA, Power K, Martano M, Restucci B. Sirtuin 1 Expression in Canine Mammary Tumors: A Pilot Study. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2609. [PMID: 37627400 PMCID: PMC10451855 DOI: 10.3390/ani13162609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a protein involved in aging, cell protection, and energy metabolism in mammals. Recently, SIRT1 has been intensively studied in medical oncology, but the role of SIRT1 is still controversial, as it has been proposed as both an oncogene and a tumor suppressor. The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of SIRT1 by immunohistochemistry in canine mammary tissues, and by Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis in different canine mammary cell lines. Our results showed a decrease in SIRT1 expression from normal mammary gland tissue, and from benign and well-differentiated malignant tumors (G1) to less differentiated ones (G2-G3). Furthermore, a shift in the subcellular localization of SIRT1 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm was observed in less differentiated malignant tumors. However, further studies are needed to investigate the subcellular localization of SIRT1 in canine cancer cells and the role it may play in oncogenesis in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariafrancesca Sgadari
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (N.A.C.); (K.P.); (M.M.)
| | | | | | | | - Brunella Restucci
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (N.A.C.); (K.P.); (M.M.)
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García-Martínez JM, Chocarro-Calvo A, Martínez-Useros J, Fernández-Aceñero MJ, Fiuza MC, Cáceres-Rentero J, De la Vieja A, Barbáchano A, Muñoz A, Larriba MJ, García-Jiménez C. Vitamin D induces SIRT1 activation through K610 deacetylation in colon cancer. eLife 2023; 12:RP86913. [PMID: 37530744 PMCID: PMC10396337 DOI: 10.7554/elife.86913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Posttranslational modifications of epigenetic modifiers provide a flexible and timely mechanism for rapid adaptations to the dynamic environment of cancer cells. SIRT1 is an NAD+-dependent epigenetic modifier whose activity is classically associated with healthy aging and longevity, but its function in cancer is not well understood. Here, we reveal that 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3, calcitriol), the active metabolite of vitamin D (VD), promotes SIRT1 activation through auto-deacetylation in human colon carcinoma cells, and identify lysine 610 as an essential driver of SIRT1 activity. Remarkably, our data show that the post-translational control of SIRT1 activity mediates the antiproliferative action of 1,25(OH)2D3. This effect is reproduced by the SIRT1 activator SRT1720, suggesting that SIRT1 activators may offer new therapeutic possibilities for colon cancer patients who are VD deficient or unresponsive. Moreover, this might be extrapolated to inflammation and other VD deficiency-associated and highly prevalent diseases in which SIRT1 plays a prominent role.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Chocarro-Calvo
- Area of Physiology, Faculty Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos, AlcorcónMadridSpain
| | - Javier Martínez-Useros
- Area of Physiology, Faculty Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos, AlcorcónMadridSpain
- Translational Oncology Division, OncoHealth Institute, Health Research Institute-University Hospital Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
| | | | - M Carmen Fiuza
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Fundación Alcorcón-Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, AlcorcónMadridSpain
| | - José Cáceres-Rentero
- Area of Physiology, Faculty Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos, AlcorcónMadridSpain
| | - Antonio De la Vieja
- Unidad de Tumores Endocrinos (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MajadahondaMadridSpain
- CIBER de Cáncer, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Antonio Barbáchano
- CIBER de Cáncer, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La PazMadridSpain
| | - Alberto Muñoz
- CIBER de Cáncer, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La PazMadridSpain
| | - María Jesús Larriba
- CIBER de Cáncer, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La PazMadridSpain
| | - Custodia García-Jiménez
- Area of Physiology, Faculty Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos, AlcorcónMadridSpain
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Yang JH, Petty CA, Dixon-McDougall T, Lopez MV, Tyshkovskiy A, Maybury-Lewis S, Tian X, Ibrahim N, Chen Z, Griffin PT, Arnold M, Li J, Martinez OA, Behn A, Rogers-Hammond R, Angeli S, Gladyshev VN, Sinclair DA. Chemically induced reprogramming to reverse cellular aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:5966-5989. [PMID: 37437248 PMCID: PMC10373966 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
A hallmark of eukaryotic aging is a loss of epigenetic information, a process that can be reversed. We have previously shown that the ectopic induction of the Yamanaka factors OCT4, SOX2, and KLF4 (OSK) in mammals can restore youthful DNA methylation patterns, transcript profiles, and tissue function, without erasing cellular identity, a process that requires active DNA demethylation. To screen for molecules that reverse cellular aging and rejuvenate human cells without altering the genome, we developed high-throughput cell-based assays that distinguish young from old and senescent cells, including transcription-based aging clocks and a real-time nucleocytoplasmic compartmentalization (NCC) assay. We identify six chemical cocktails, which, in less than a week and without compromising cellular identity, restore a youthful genome-wide transcript profile and reverse transcriptomic age. Thus, rejuvenation by age reversal can be achieved, not only by genetic, but also chemical means.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hyun Yang
- Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christopher A. Petty
- Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Thomas Dixon-McDougall
- Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Maria Vina Lopez
- Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04467, USA
| | - Alexander Tyshkovskiy
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Sun Maybury-Lewis
- Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xiao Tian
- Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nabilah Ibrahim
- Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Zhili Chen
- Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Patrick T. Griffin
- Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Matthew Arnold
- Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jien Li
- Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Oswaldo A. Martinez
- Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Alexander Behn
- Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ryan Rogers-Hammond
- Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Suzanne Angeli
- Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04467, USA
| | - Vadim N. Gladyshev
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David A. Sinclair
- Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA 02115, USA
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10
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He K, Gan WJ. Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in the Development and Progression of Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2023; 15:435-448. [PMID: 37250384 PMCID: PMC10224676 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s411168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is a growth control pathway involved in various biological processes as well as the development and progression of cancer. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world. The hyperactivation of Wnt signaling is observed in almost all CRC and plays a crucial role in cancer-related processes such as cancer stem cell (CSC) propagation, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), chemoresistance, and metastasis. This review will discuss how the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in the carcinogenesis and progression of CRC and related therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang He
- Department of Pathology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-Juan Gan
- Department of Pathology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Tolue Ghasaban F, Maharati A, Akhlaghipour I, Moghbeli M. MicroRNAs as the critical regulators of autophagy-mediated cisplatin response in tumor cells. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:80. [PMID: 37098542 PMCID: PMC10127417 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02925-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is one of the most common therapeutic methods in advanced and metastatic tumors. Cisplatin (CDDP) is considered as one of the main first-line chemotherapy drugs in solid tumors. However, there is a high rate of CDDP resistance in cancer patients. Multi-drug resistance (MDR) as one of the main therapeutic challenges in cancer patients is associated with various cellular processes such as drug efflux, DNA repair, and autophagy. Autophagy is a cellular mechanism that protects the tumor cells toward the chemotherapeutic drugs. Therefore, autophagy regulatory factors can increase or decrease the chemotherapy response in tumor cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have a pivotal role in regulation of autophagy in normal and tumor cells. Therefore, in the present review, we discussed the role of miRNAs in CDDP response through the regulation of autophagy. It has been reported that miRNAs mainly increased the CDDP sensitivity in tumor cells by inhibition of autophagy. PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and autophagy-related genes (ATGs) were the main targets of miRNAs in the regulation of autophagy-mediated CDDP response in tumor cells. This review can be an effective step to introduce the miRNAs as efficient therapeutic options to increase autophagy-mediated CDDP sensitivity in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Tolue Ghasaban
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhosein Maharati
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Iman Akhlaghipour
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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12
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Ortega-Campos SM, Verdugo-Sivianes EM, Amiama-Roig A, Blanco JR, Carnero A. Interactions of circadian clock genes with the hallmarks of cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188900. [PMID: 37105413 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
The molecular machinery of the circadian clock regulates the expression of many genes and processes in the organism, allowing the adaptation of cellular activities to the daily light-dark cycles. Disruption of the circadian rhythm can lead to various pathologies, including cancer. Thus, disturbance of the normal circadian clock at both genetic and environmental levels has been described as an independent risk factor for cancer. In addition, researchers have proposed that circadian genes may have a tissue-dependent and/or context-dependent role in tumorigenesis and may function both as tumor suppressors and oncogenes. Finally, circadian clock core genes may trigger or at least be involved in different hallmarks of cancer. Hence, expanding the knowledge of the molecular basis of the circadian clock would be helpful to identify new prognostic markers of tumorigenesis and potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Ortega-Campos
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío (HUVR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41013, Spain; CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Eva M Verdugo-Sivianes
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío (HUVR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41013, Spain; CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Ana Amiama-Roig
- Hospital Universitario San Pedro, Logroño 26006, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - José R Blanco
- Hospital Universitario San Pedro, Logroño 26006, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío (HUVR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41013, Spain; CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain.
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13
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Yin JY, Lu XT, Hou ML, Cao T, Tian Z. Sirtuin1-p53: a potential axis for cancer therapy. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 212:115543. [PMID: 37037265 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) is a conserved nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent histone deacetylase that plays key roles in a range of cellular events, including the maintenance of genome stability, gene regulation, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. P53 is one of the most studied tumor suppressors and the first identified non-histone target of SIRT1. SIRT1 deacetylates p53 in a NAD+-dependent manner and inhibits its transcriptional activity, thus exerting action on a series of pathways related to tissue homeostasis and various pathological states. The SIRT1-p53 axis is thought to play a central role in tumorigenesis. Although SIRT1 was initially identified as a tumor promoter, evidence now indicates that SIRT1 may also act as a tumor suppressor. This seemingly contradictory evidence indicates that the functionality of SIRT1 may be dictated by different cell types and intracellular localization patterns. In this review, we summarize recent evidence relating to the interactions between SIRT1 and p53 and discuss the relative roles of these two molecules with regards to cancer-associated cellular events. We also provide an overview of current knowledge of SIRT1-p53 signaling in tumorigenesis. Given the vital role of the SIRT1-p53 pathway, targeting this axis may provide promising strategies for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yi Yin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin-Tong Lu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Meng-Ling Hou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Cao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhen Tian
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
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14
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Zhang Y, Li W, Bian Y, Li Y, Cong L. Multifaceted roles of aerobic glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in hepatocellular carcinoma. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14797. [PMID: 36748090 PMCID: PMC9899054 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is a common malignancy with high morbidity and mortality rates. Changes in liver metabolism are key factors in the development of primary hepatic carcinoma, and mitochondrial dysfunction is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumours. Accordingly, the study of the metabolic mechanism of mitochondria in primary hepatic carcinomas has gained increasing attention. A growing body of research suggests that defects in mitochondrial respiration are not generally responsible for aerobic glycolysis, nor are they typically selected during tumour evolution. Conversely, the dysfunction of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) may promote the proliferation, metastasis, and invasion of primary hepatic carcinoma. This review presents the current paradigm of the roles of aerobic glycolysis and OXPHOS in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Mitochondrial OXPHOS and cytoplasmic glycolysis cooperate to maintain the energy balance in HCC cells. Our study provides evidence for the targeting of mitochondrial metabolism as a potential therapy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenhuan Li
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuan Bian
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Cong
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China,Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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15
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Orso F, Virga F, Dettori D, Dalmasso A, Paradzik M, Savino A, Pomatto MAC, Quirico L, Cucinelli S, Coco M, Mareschi K, Fagioli F, Salmena L, Camussi G, Provero P, Poli V, Mazzone M, Pandolfi PP, Taverna D. Stroma-derived miR-214 coordinates tumor dissemination. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2023; 42:20. [PMID: 36639824 PMCID: PMC9837925 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02553-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor progression is based on a close interaction between cancer cells and Tumor MicroEnvironment (TME). Here, we focus on the role that Cancer Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs), Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) and microRNAs (miRs) play in breast cancer and melanoma malignancy. METHODS We used public databases to investigate miR-214 expression in the stroma compartment of primary human samples and evaluated tumor formation and dissemination following tumor cell injections in miR-214 overexpressing (miR-214over) and knock out (miR-214ko) mice. In addition, we dissected the impact of Conditioned Medium (CM) or Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) derived from miR-214-rich or depleted stroma cells on cell metastatic traits. RESULTS We evidence that the expression of miR-214 in human cancer or metastasis samples mostly correlates with stroma components and, in particular, with CAFs and MSCs. We present data revealing that the injection of tumor cells in miR-214over mice leads to increased extravasation and metastasis formation. In line, treatment of cancer cells with CM or EVs derived from miR-214-enriched stroma cells potentiate cancer cell migration/invasion in vitro. Conversely, dissemination from tumors grown in miR-214ko mice is impaired and metastatic traits significantly decreased when CM or EVs from miR-214-depleted stroma cells are used to treat cells in culture. Instead, extravasation and metastasis formation are fully re-established when miR-214ko mice are pretreated with miR-214-rich EVs of stroma origin. Mechanistically, we also show that tumor cells are able to induce miR-214 production in stroma cells, following the activation of IL-6/STAT3 signaling, which is then released via EVs subsequently up-taken by cancer cells. Here, a miR-214-dependent pro-metastatic program becomes activated. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the relevance of stroma-derived miR-214 and its release in EVs for tumor dissemination, which paves the way for miR-214-based therapeutic interventions targeting not only tumor cells but also the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Orso
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) “Guido Tarone”, Via Nizza, 52, 10126 Turin, Italy ,grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Dept. Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza, 52, 10126 Turin, Italy ,grid.16563.370000000121663741Dept. of Translational Medicine (DIMET), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Federico Virga
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) “Guido Tarone”, Via Nizza, 52, 10126 Turin, Italy ,grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Dept. Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza, 52, 10126 Turin, Italy ,grid.11486.3a0000000104788040Lab of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Louvain, Belgium ,grid.467824.b0000 0001 0125 7682Present Address: Immunobiology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniela Dettori
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) “Guido Tarone”, Via Nizza, 52, 10126 Turin, Italy ,grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Dept. Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza, 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Alberto Dalmasso
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) “Guido Tarone”, Via Nizza, 52, 10126 Turin, Italy ,grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Dept. Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza, 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Mladen Paradzik
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) “Guido Tarone”, Via Nizza, 52, 10126 Turin, Italy ,grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Dept. Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza, 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Aurora Savino
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) “Guido Tarone”, Via Nizza, 52, 10126 Turin, Italy ,grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Dept. Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza, 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Lorena Quirico
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) “Guido Tarone”, Via Nizza, 52, 10126 Turin, Italy ,grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Dept. Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza, 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Stefania Cucinelli
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) “Guido Tarone”, Via Nizza, 52, 10126 Turin, Italy ,grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Dept. Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza, 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Martina Coco
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) “Guido Tarone”, Via Nizza, 52, 10126 Turin, Italy ,grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Dept. Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza, 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Katia Mareschi
- grid.415778.80000 0004 5960 9283Paediatric Onco-Haematology Division, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, City of Health and Science of Turin, Turin, Italy ,grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Franca Fagioli
- grid.415778.80000 0004 5960 9283Paediatric Onco-Haematology Division, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, City of Health and Science of Turin, Turin, Italy ,grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Leonardo Salmena
- grid.231844.80000 0004 0474 0428Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Giovanni Camussi
- grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Provero
- grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy ,grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Department of Neurosciences “Rita Levi Montalcini”, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Valeria Poli
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) “Guido Tarone”, Via Nizza, 52, 10126 Turin, Italy ,grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Dept. Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza, 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Mazzone
- grid.11486.3a0000000104788040Lab of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Pier Paolo Pandolfi
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) “Guido Tarone”, Via Nizza, 52, 10126 Turin, Italy ,grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Dept. Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza, 52, 10126 Turin, Italy ,grid.298261.60000 0000 8685 5368William N. Pennington Cancer Institute, Renown Health, Nevada System of Higher Education, Reno, NV 89502 USA
| | - Daniela Taverna
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) “Guido Tarone”, Via Nizza, 52, 10126 Turin, Italy ,grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Dept. Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza, 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
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16
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Urban VS, Cegledi A, Mikala G. Multiple myeloma, a quintessential malignant disease of aging: a geroscience perspective on pathogenesis and treatment. GeroScience 2022; 45:727-746. [PMID: 36508077 PMCID: PMC9742673 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00698-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable plasma cell malignancy, which is predominantly a disease of older adults (the median age at diagnosis is 70 years). The slow progression from asymptomatic stages and the late-onset of MM suggest fundamental differences compared to many other hematopoietic system-related malignancies. The concept discussed in this review is that age-related changes at the level of terminally differentiated plasma cells act as the main risk factors for the development of MM. Epigenetic and genetic changes that characterize both MM development and normal aging are highlighted. The relationships between cellular aging processes, genetic mosaicism in plasma cells, and risk for MM and the stochastic processes contributing to clonal selection and expansion of mutated plasma cells are investigated. In line with the DNA damage accumulation theory of aging, in this review, the evolution of monoclonal gammopathy to symptomatic MM is considered. Therapeutic consequences of age-dependent comorbidities that lead to frailty and have fundamental influence on treatment outcome are described. The importance of considering geriatric states when planning the life-long treatment course of an elderly MM patient in order to achieve maximal therapeutic benefit is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika S. Urban
- Department of Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andrea Cegledi
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, South Pest Central Hospital–National Institute for Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabor Mikala
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, South Pest Central Hospital-National Institute for Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Budapest, Hungary.
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17
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Nucleolar protein NOC4L inhibits tumorigenesis and progression by attenuating SIRT1-mediated p53 deacetylation. Oncogene 2022; 41:4474-4484. [PMID: 36030331 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02447-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
SIRT1 is an NAD+-dependent deacetylase and plays an important role in the deacetylation of both histone and non-histone proteins. Many studies revealed that SIRT1 is upregulated in a variety of tumors and tightly associated with tumorigenesis and cancer progression, but the detailed underlying mechanism of the biological processes remains unclarified. In the present study, we found a nucleolar protein NOC4L, human ortholog of yeast Noc4p, which is essential for the nuclear export of the ribosomal 40S subunit and could bind to SIRT1 to inhibit SIRT1 mediated deacetylation of p53. NOC4L interacts with SIRT1 in variety of cells under nucleolar stress and directly interacts with SIRT1 in vitro. Furthermore, we determined the C-terminal of NOC4L and the catalytic domain of SIRT1 were required for their interaction. Overexpression of NOC4L did not change the protein levels of SIRT1 or p53, but increased the acetylation of p53 and promoted cell apoptosis. Additionally, NOC4L inhibited tumor cell proliferation in a p53-dependent manner and restrained tumor growth in a nude mice xenograft model. Clinically, colorectal cancer patients with the high expression of NOC4L had a better prognosis as TP53 was normally expressed, but no significant difference was observed in survival with mutant TP53. Taken together, our results identified a novel SIRT1 regulatory protein and broaden our understanding of the molecular mechanism of how nucleolar protein NOC4L regulates p53 under nucleolar stress. This research provides an insight into tumorigenesis and cell self-protection in the early stage of DNA damage.
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18
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Huang J, Zhang F, Hu G, Pan Y, Sun W, Jiang L, Wang P, Qiu J, Ding X. SIRT1 suppresses pituitary tumor progression by downregulating PTTG1 expression. Oncol Rep 2022; 48:143. [PMID: 35730625 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Although pituitary tumors are among the most common types of brain tumor, the underlying molecular mechanism of this disease remains obscure. To this end, the role of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in pituitary tumors was reported. The results of reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry revealed that sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression was downregulated in the tumor tissues of patients with pituitary tumors. In vitro experiments of the present study demonstrated that SIRT1 upregulation suppressed pituitary tumor cell line growth, while SIRT1 downregulation demonstrated the opposite effect. Additionally, it was determined that the enzymatic activity of SIRT1 was required for its cellular function. A mechanistic experiment determined that SIRT1 negatively regulated pituitary tumor‑transforming gene 1 (PTTG1) expression through the deacetylation of histone (H)3 lysine (K)9ac at the promoter region of PTTG1. Moreover, H3K9ac levels at the PTTG1 promoter were determined to be an essential regulatory element for PTTG1 expression. Thus, it was concluded that the SIRT1/H3K9ac/PTTG1 axis contributed to pituitary tumor formation and may represent a potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxiang Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Institute of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Fenglin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Guohan Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Institute of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, No. 971 Hospital of People's Liberation Army Navy, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Institute of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Institute of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Jiting Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201803, P.R. China
| | - Xuehua Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Institute of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
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19
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Ketone Bodies and SIRT1, Synergic Epigenetic Regulators for Metabolic Health: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153145. [PMID: 35956321 PMCID: PMC9370141 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ketone bodies (KBs) and Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) have received increasing attention over the past two decades given their pivotal function in a variety of biological contexts, including transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression, inflammation, metabolism, neurological and cardiovascular physiology, and cancer. As a consequence, the modulation of KBs and SIRT1 is considered a promising therapeutic option for many diseases. The direct regulation of gene expression can occur in vivo through histone modifications mediated by both SIRT1 and KBs during fasting or low-carbohydrate diets, and dietary metabolites may contribute to epigenetic regulation, leading to greater genomic plasticity. In this review, we provide an updated overview of the epigenetic interactions between KBs and SIRT1, with a particular glance at their central, synergistic roles for metabolic health.
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20
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Guo AH, Baliira R, Skinner ME, Kumar S, Andren A, Zhang L, Goldsmith RS, Michan S, Davis NJ, Maccani MW, Day SM, Sinclair DA, Brody MJ, Lyssiotis CA, Stein AB, Lombard DB. Sirtuin 5 levels are limiting in preserving cardiac function and suppressing fibrosis in response to pressure overload. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12258. [PMID: 35851833 PMCID: PMC9293976 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16506-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is the inability of the heart to pump blood sufficiently to meet the metabolic demands of the body. HF with reduced systolic function is characterized by cardiac hypertrophy, ventricular fibrosis and remodeling, and decreased cardiac contractility, leading to cardiac functional impairment and death. Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) is a well-established model for inducing hypertrophy and HF in rodents. Mice globally deficient in sirtuin 5 (SIRT5), a NAD+-dependent deacylase, are hypersensitive to cardiac stress and display increased mortality after TAC. Prior studies assessing SIRT5 functions in the heart have all employed loss-of-function approaches. In this study, we generated SIRT5 overexpressing (SIRT5OE) mice, and evaluated their response to chronic pressure overload using TAC. Compared to littermate controls, SIRT5OE mice were protected against adverse functional consequences of TAC, left ventricular dilation and impaired ejection fraction. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that SIRT5 suppresses key HF sequelae, including the metabolic switch from fatty acid oxidation to glycolysis, immune activation, and fibrotic signaling pathways. We conclude that SIRT5 is a limiting factor in the preservation of cardiac function in response to experimental pressure overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela H Guo
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Pathology Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Rachael Baliira
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Mary E Skinner
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Surinder Kumar
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Anthony Andren
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Robert S Goldsmith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Pharmacology Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Shaday Michan
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Rejuvenate Bio Inc, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Norma J Davis
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Merissa W Maccani
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Sharlene M Day
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - David A Sinclair
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Matthew J Brody
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Adam B Stein
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - David B Lombard
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Institute of Gerontology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 708 Biomedical Research Building, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
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Sirtuins and Hypoxia in EMT Control. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15060737. [PMID: 35745656 PMCID: PMC9228842 DOI: 10.3390/ph15060737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), a physiological process during embryogenesis, can become pathological in the presence of different driving forces. Reduced oxygen tension or hypoxia is one of these forces, triggering a large number of molecular pathways with aberrant EMT induction, resulting in cancer and fibrosis onset. Both hypoxia-induced factors, HIF-1α and HIF-2α, act as master transcription factors implicated in EMT. On the other hand, hypoxia-dependent HIF-independent EMT has also been described. Recently, a new class of seven proteins with deacylase activity, called sirtuins, have been implicated in the control of both hypoxia responses, HIF-1α and HIF-2α activation, as well as EMT induction. Intriguingly, different sirtuins have different effects on hypoxia and EMT, acting as either activators or inhibitors, depending on the tissue and cell type. Interestingly, sirtuins and HIF can be activated or inhibited with natural or synthetic molecules. Moreover, recent studies have shown that these natural or synthetic molecules can be better conveyed using nanoparticles, representing a valid strategy for EMT modulation. The following review, by detailing the aspects listed above, summarizes the interplay between hypoxia, sirtuins, and EMT, as well as the possible strategies to modulate them by using a nanoparticle-based approach.
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Otsuka R, Hayano K, Matsubara H. Role of sirtuins in esophageal cancer: Current status and future prospects. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 14:794-807. [PMID: 35582109 PMCID: PMC9048530 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i4.794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is a malignant cancer that still has a poor prognosis, although its prognosis has been improving with the development of multidisciplinary treatment modalities such as surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Therefore, identifying specific molecular markers that can be served as biomarkers for the prognosis and treatment response of EC is highly desirable to aid in the personalization and improvement of the precision of medical treatment. Sirtuins are a family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent proteins consisting of seven members (SIRT1-7). These proteins have been reported to be involved in the regulation of a variety of biological functions including apoptosis, metabolism, stress response, senescence, differentiation and cell cycle progression. Given the variety of functions of sirtuins, they are speculated to be associated in some manner with cancer progression. However, while the role of sirtuins in cancer progression has been investigated over the past few years, their precise role remains difficult to characterize, as they have both cancer-promoting and cancer-suppressing properties, depending on the type of cancer. These conflicting characteristics make research into the nature of sirtuins all the more fascinating. However, the role of sirtuins in EC remains unclear due to the limited number of reports concerning sirtuins in EC. We herein review the current findings and future prospects of sirtuins in EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Otsuka
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Koichi Hayano
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hisahiro Matsubara
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
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23
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Afzaal A, Rehman K, Kamal S, Akash MSH. Versatile role of sirtuins in metabolic disorders: From modulation of mitochondrial function to therapeutic interventions. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23047. [PMID: 35297126 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRT1-7) are distinct histone deacetylases (HDACs) whose activity is determined by cellular metabolic status andnicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+ ) levels. HDACs of class III are the members of the SIRT's protein family. SIRTs are the enzymes that modulate mitochondrial activity and energy metabolism. SIRTs have been linked to a number of clinical and physiological operations, such as energy responses to low-calorie availability, aging, stress resistance, inflammation, and apoptosis. Mammalian SIRT2 orthologs have been identified as SIRT1-7 that are found in several subcellular sections, including the cytoplasm (SIRT1, 2), mitochondrial matrix (SIRT3, 4, 5), and the core (SIRT1, 2, 6, 7). For their deacetylase or ADP-ribosyl transferase action, all SIRTs require NAD+ and are linked to cellular energy levels. Evolutionarily, SIRT1 is related to yeast's SIRT2 as well as received primary attention in the circulatory system. An endogenous protein, SIRT1 is involved in the development of heart failure and plays a key role in cell death and survival. SIRT2 downregulation protects against ischemic-reperfusion damage. Increase in human longevity is caused by an increase in SIRT3 expression. Cardiomyocytes are also protected by SIRT3 from oxidative damage and aging, as well as suppressing cardiac hypertrophy. SIRT4 and SIRT5 perform their roles in the heart. SIRT6 has also been linked to a reduction in heart hypertrophy. SIRT7 is known to be involved in the regulation of stress responses and apoptosis in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammara Afzaal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shagufta Kamal
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Otsuka R, Sakata H, Murakami K, Kano M, Endo S, Toyozumi T, Matsumoto Y, Suito H, Takahashi M, Sekino N, Hirasawa S, Kinoshita K, Sasaki T, Matsubara H. SIRT1 Expression Is a Promising Prognostic Biomarker in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. CANCER DIAGNOSIS & PROGNOSIS 2022; 2:126-133. [PMID: 35399170 PMCID: PMC8962800 DOI: 10.21873/cdp.10086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Several articles have assessed the prognostic significance of the expression of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, evidence in this field is insufficient. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the prognostic and clinical impact of SIRT1 expression in ESCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases for articles on the expression of SIRT1 and clinicopathological features in patients with ESCC. A meta-analysis was conducted. RESULTS Four studies with 429 patients were included. The meta-analysis revealed a significant relationship between the high expression of SIRT1 and higher T-stage (odds ratio=2.39. 95% confidence interval=1.12-5.13, p=0.02), more advanced TNM stage (odds ratio=2.35. 95% confidence interval=1.20-4.60, p=0.01), and a poor overall survival (hazard ratio=1.90, 95% confidence interval=1.45-2.47, p<0.00001). CONCLUSION SIRT1 expression may be a promising prognostic biomarker for patients with ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Otsuka
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Haruhito Sakata
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kentaro Murakami
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kano
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoshi Endo
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takeshi Toyozumi
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasunori Matsumoto
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Suito
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masahiko Takahashi
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nobufumi Sekino
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Soichiro Hirasawa
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kinoshita
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takuma Sasaki
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hisahiro Matsubara
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Berclaz LM, Altendorf-Hofmann A, Dürr HR, Klein A, Angele MK, Albertsmeier M, Schmidt-Hegemann NS, Di Gioia D, Knösel T, Lindner LH. Expression Patterns of TOP2A and SIRT1 Are Predictive of Survival in Patients with High-Risk Soft Tissue Sarcomas Treated with a Neoadjuvant Anthracycline-Based Chemotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194877. [PMID: 34638362 PMCID: PMC8507907 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular predictors of response to chemotherapy and survival have not been put into clinical practice in high-risk soft tissue sarcomas (HR-STS) by now. The expression of TOP2A and SIRT1 has implications for the mechanism of action of doxorubicin, which is the backbone of chemotherapy in HR-STS. Pre-treatment samples of 167 patients with HR-STS were collected. Protein expression levels of TOP2A and SIRT1 were evaluated with tissue microarrays and immunohistochemistry and correlated with clinicopathological parameters, including overall survival (OS). The expression of TOP2A and SIRT1 was seen in 47% and 60% of patients with HR-STS, respectively. TOP2A expression was associated with higher tumor grading and shorter 5-year OS. The expression of SIRT1 was correlated with a better 5- and 10-year OS. The combination of high SIRT1 and low TOP2A ("Top survivors") significantly predicted a better OS compared to other biomarker combinations. A multivariate analysis confirmed the expression of SIRT1 and the "Top survivor" biomarker combination as independent predictive factors of OS. This is the first study to associate SIRT1 overexpression with a statistically significant prolongation of OS in HR-STS. Both individual markers and their combination can be used as predictive indicators for HR-STS patients scheduled for neoadjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc M. Berclaz
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (D.D.G.); (L.H.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Annelore Altendorf-Hofmann
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07743 Jena, Germany;
| | - Hans Roland Dürr
- Musculoskeletal Oncology, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.R.D.); (A.K.)
| | - Alexander Klein
- Musculoskeletal Oncology, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.R.D.); (A.K.)
| | - Martin K. Angele
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (M.K.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Markus Albertsmeier
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (M.K.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Nina-Sophie Schmidt-Hegemann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany;
| | - Dorit Di Gioia
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (D.D.G.); (L.H.L.)
| | - Thomas Knösel
- LMU Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Thalkirchner Str. 36, 80337 Munich, Germany;
| | - Lars H. Lindner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (D.D.G.); (L.H.L.)
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Abstract
Sirtuin1 is a nutrient-sensitive class III histone deacetylase which is a well-known regulator of organismal lifespan. It has been extensively studied for its role in metabolic regulation as well. Along with its involvement in ageing and metabolism, Sirtuin1 directly deacetylates many critical proteins controlling cardiovascular pathophysiology. Studies using conditional expression and deletion of Sirtuin1 have revealed that it functions in a highly tissue/organ-specific manner. In the vasculature, Sirtuin1 controls endothelial homoeostasis by governing the expression of inflammatory mediators, oxidants and essential transcription factors. Adding to this complexity, Sirtuin1 expression and/or function is also governed by some of these target proteins. Therefore, the importance of better understanding the organ and tissue specificity of Sirtuin1 is highly desirable. Considering the huge volume of research done in this field, this review focuses on Sirtuin1 targets regulating vascular endothelial function. Here, we summarize the discovery of Sirtuin1 as a transcription controller and the further identification of direct target proteins involved in the vascular physiology. Overall, this review presents a holistic picture of the complex cross-talk involved in the molecular regulation of vascular physiology by Sirtuin1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Kumar
- François M. Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Santosh Kumar
- François M. Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
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27
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Zhang J, Peng J, Kong D, Wang X, Wang Z, Liu J, Yu W, Wu H, Long Z, Zhang W, Liu R, Hai C. Silent information regulator 1 suppresses epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in lung cancer cells via its regulation of mitochondria status. Life Sci 2021; 280:119716. [PMID: 34119539 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) is a NAD+-dependent protein-modifying enzyme involved in regulating gene expression, DNA damage repair, cell metabolism, and mitochondrial functions. Given that it acts as both a tumor promoter and suppressor, the complex mechanisms underlying SIRT1 signaling in cancer remain controversial. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a key role in the progression of carcinogenesis and tumors metastasis. Studies have shown that mitochondrial defects are critical in EMT process, and SIRT1 is found to regulate the generation and energy metabolism of mitochondria. Here, we elucidate a novel mechanism by which SIRT1 affects EMT in lung cancer cells via its regulation on mitochondria. MAIN METHODS SIRT1 signaling was detected in TGF-β1-induced EMT and was found to regulate mitochondria status, including mitochondrial biogenesis-related protein levels as detected by western blotting, mitochondrial structure observed by transmission electron microscopy, and respiratory functions analyzed by a respiration capacity assay. The effects of modulating SIRT1 expression on EMT and migration of lung cancer cells or normal cells were evaluated by in vitro and in vivo models. KEY FINDINGS We found that the regulation of SIRT1 signaling on the biogenesis or functions of mitochondria was critical to EMT. Overexpression of SIRT1 reduced EMT or metastasis potential of lung cancer cells by improving the quantity and quality of mitochondria, whereas silencing SIRT1 promote EMT in cancer cells, even in normal cells by disturbing mitochondria status. SIGNIFICANCE Consequently, SIRT1 is an attractive therapeutic target for reversing EMT or tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jie Peng
- Department of Toxicology, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Deqin Kong
- Department of Toxicology, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Toxicology, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Department of Toxicology, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jiangzheng Liu
- Department of Toxicology, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Weihua Yu
- Department of Toxicology, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Toxicology, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Zi Long
- Department of Toxicology, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Toxicology, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Chunxu Hai
- Department of Toxicology, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
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Mitochondrial Metabolic Signatures in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081901. [PMID: 34440674 PMCID: PMC8391498 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. HCC progression and metastasis are closely related to altered mitochondrial metabolism, including mitochondrial stress responses, metabolic reprogramming, and mitoribosomal defects. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) defects and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production are attributed to mitochondrial dysfunction. In response to oxidative stress caused by increased ROS production, misfolded or unfolded proteins can accumulate in the mitochondrial matrix, leading to initiation of the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt). The mitokines FGF21 and GDF15 are upregulated during UPRmt and their levels are positively correlated with liver cancer development, progression, and metastasis. In addition, mitoribosome biogenesis is important for the regulation of mitochondrial respiration, cell viability, and differentiation. Mitoribosomal defects cause OXPHOS impairment, mitochondrial dysfunction, and increased production of ROS, which are associated with HCC progression in mouse models and human HCC patients. In this paper, we focus on the role of mitochondrial metabolic signatures in the development and progression of HCC. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive review of cell autonomous and cell non-autonomous mitochondrial stress responses during HCC progression and metastasis.
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Tatar M, Varedi M, Naghibalhossaini F. Epigenetic Effects of Blackberry Extract on Human Colorectal Cancer Cells. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:1446-1456. [PMID: 34282673 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1952454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fruit-derived polyphenolic compounds have been shown to exert anticancer effects via epigenetic mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the effect of blackberry extract on the expression of DNMTs (Dnmt1, Dnmt3a, and Dnmt3b) and HDACs (HDAC1-4 and SIRT1) and its influence on the cellular differentiation and promoter DNA methylation of tumor-related genes using a panel of six human CRC cell lines. Treatment with IC20 and IC50 concentrations of blackberry extract for 72 h significantly reduced Dnmt1 and Dnmt3b transcript levels in HCT116, SW480, HT29/219, SW742, and LS180 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Blackberry also induced promoter DNA demethylation of SFRP2 and p16 genes in four tested CRC cell lines. Berry treatment, however, upregulated Dnmt3a genes in SW480, SW742, and HT29/219 cell lines. A dose-dependent and cell-type-specific reduction of HDAC1, HDAC2, and HDAC4 expressions were observed in CRC-treated cells. Treatment with berry extract induced the expression of SIRT1 gene in HCT116 and HT29/219 cells and increased the expression of two colonic epithelial cell differentiation markers, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and alkaline phosphatase in LS180 cells in a time-dependent manner. This study is the first to report the epigenetic effects of blackberry in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Tatar
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Varedi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fakhraddin Naghibalhossaini
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Autoimmune Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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30
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Hong JY, Fernandez I, Anmangandla A, Lu X, Bai JJ, Lin H. Pharmacological Advantage of SIRT2-Selective versus pan-SIRT1-3 Inhibitors. ACS Chem Biol 2021; 16:1266-1275. [PMID: 34139124 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Because of their involvement in various biological pathways, the sirtuin enzyme family members SIRT1, SIRT2, and SIRT3 play both tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressing roles, based on the context and experimental conditions. Thus, an interesting question is whether inhibiting one of them or inhibiting all of them would be better for treating cancers. Pharmacologically, this is difficult to address, due in part to potential off-target effects of different compounds. Compounds with almost identical properties but differing in SIRT1-3 selectivity will be useful for addressing this question. Here, we have developed a pan SIRT1-3 inhibitor (NH4-6) and a SIRT2-selective inhibitor (NH4-13) with very similar chemical structures, with the only difference being the substitution of an ester bond to an amide bond. Such a minimal difference allows us to accurately compare the anticancer effect of pan SIRT1-3 inhibition and SIRT2-selective inhibition in cellular and mouse models. NH4-6 showed stronger cytotoxicity than NH4-13 in cancer cell lines. In mice, both inhibitors showed similar anticancer efficacy. However, NH4-6 is toxic to mice, which hinders the use of higher dosages. These results highlight the advantage of SIRT2-selective inhibitors as potential anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Young Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Irma Fernandez
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca New York 14853, United States
| | - Ananya Anmangandla
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Xuan Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jessica Jingyi Bai
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Hening Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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Kang X, Kong B, Chen Q, Zhao S. Low expression of miR-138 inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of colorectal cancer and affect patient survival by targeting SIRT1. Transl Cancer Res 2021; 10:3548-3559. [PMID: 35116658 PMCID: PMC8799301 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-21-559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in the world, resulting in about 600,000 deaths every year. It is urgent to explore the molecular mechanism and find new effective therapy. Abnormal molecular expression in cancer is considered as a screening biomarker and therapeutic target for tumors, MicroRNA (miRNA) as one of the important molecules, plays an important role in the regulation of tumorigenesis. METHODS In this study, we aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which mir-138 regulates the development and progression of CRC, and to find new molecular targets for the diagnosis and therapy of CRC. We have used qRT-PCR to study the expression of miR-138 and SIRT1 in CRC cells and tissues, CCK8 assay was used to test the proliferation ability of CRC cells, and invasion and migration ability of CRC cells in vitro were studied by Transwell assay. RESULTS We found that miR-138 was significantly decreased in CRC tissues and cell lines by qRT-PCR, the level of miR-138 was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis, the CRC patients with high miR-138 level whose overall survival and disease-free survival were significantly longer. We also found that the level of SIRT1 in CRC tissues and cell lines is higher, and through Dual-luciferase reporter assay, we found that SIRT1 is a new target of miR-138 in CRC, and SIRT1 knockdown could inhibit CRC proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Thus, we found that miR-138 could inhibit CRC cell proliferation, migration and invasion by targeting SIRT1 firstly, and that will provide a new idea for the therapy of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwu Kang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Bin Kong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shipeng Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Garcia-Peterson LM, Li X. Trending topics of SIRT1 in tumorigenicity. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2021; 1865:129952. [PMID: 34147543 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.129952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carcinogenesis is governed by a series of genetic alterations and epigenetic changes that lead to aberrant patterns in neoplastic cells. Sirtuin-1(SIRT1), an NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase, is capable of deacetylating histones and non-histone substrates that regulate various physiological activities during tumorigenesis. Recent studies have identified the role of SIRT1 in different stages of cancer, including genome instability, tumor initiation, proliferation, metabolism, and therapeutic response. However, the action of SIRT1 has been reported to be both oncogenic and tumor suppressive during carcinogenesis. Consequently, the biological functions of SIRT1 in cancer remain controversial. SCOPE OF REVIEW We highlight the most recent findings on SIRT1 in different stages of tumorigenesis, and update the current status of SIRT1 small molecule modulators in clinical application of cancer treatment. MAJOR CONCLUSION By targeting both tumor suppressors and oncogenic proteins, SIRT1 has a bifunctional role at different stages of tumorigenesis. The impact of SIRT1 on tumorigenesis is also distinct at different stages and is dependent on its dosages. SIRT1 suppresses tumor initiation through its functions in promoting DNA repair, increasing genome stability, and inhibiting inflammation at the pre-cancer stage. However, SIRT1 enhances tumor proliferation, survival, and drug resistance through its roles in anti-apoptosis, pro-tumor metabolism, and anti-inflammation (inhibition of anti-tumor immunity) at the stages of tumor progression, metastasis, and relapse. Consequently, both SIRT1 inhibitors and activators have been explored for cancer treatment. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Better understanding the dose- and stage-dependent roles of SIRT1 in each cancer type can provide new avenues of exploration for therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liz M Garcia-Peterson
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
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Kuo S, Chio C, Yeh C, Ma J, Liu W, Lin M, Lin K, Chang C. Mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium attenuates the retinal pathology in amyloid-β-induced rat model of Alzheimer's disease: Underlying mechanisms. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13340. [PMID: 33783931 PMCID: PMC8135003 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid‐beta (Aβ) oligomer is known to contribute to the pathophysiology of age‐related macular degeneration. Herein, we aimed to elucidate the in vivo and in vitro effects of Aβ1‐42 application on retinal morphology in rats. Our in vivo studies revealed that intracerebroventricular administration of Aβ1‐42 oligomer caused dysmorphological changes in both retinal ganglion cells and retinal pigment epithelium. In addition, in vitro studies revealed that ARPE‐19 cells following Aβ1‐42 oligomer application had decreased viability along with apoptosis and decreased expression of the tight junction proteins, increased expression of both phosphor‐AKT and phosphor‐GSK3β and decreased expression of both SIRT1 and β‐catenin. Application of conditioned medium (CM) obtained from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) protected against Aβ1‐42 oligomer‐induced retinal pathology in both rats and ARPE‐19 cells. In order to explore the potential role of peptides secreted from the MSCs, we applied mass spectrometry to compare the peptidomics profiles of the MSC‐CM. Gene ontology enrichment analysis and String analysis were performed to explore the differentially expressed peptides by predicting the functions of their precursor proteins. Bioinformatics analysis showed that 3‐8 out of 155–163 proteins in the MSC‐CM maybe associated with SIRT1/pAKT/pGSK3β/β‐catenin, tight junction proteins, and apoptosis pathway. In particular, the secretomes information on the MSC‐CM may be helpful for the prevention and treatment of retinal pathology in age‐related macular degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu‐Chun Kuo
- Department of Ophthalmology Chi Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan
- Department of Optometry Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology Tainan Taiwan
| | - Chung‐Ching Chio
- Division of Neurosurgery Department of Surgery Chi Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan
| | - Chao‐Hung Yeh
- Department of Optometry Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology Tainan Taiwan
- Division of Neurosurgery Department of Surgery Chi Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan
| | - Jui‐Ti Ma
- Department of Medical Research Chi Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan
| | - Wen‐Pin Liu
- Department of Medical Research Chi Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan
| | - Mao‐Tsun Lin
- Department of Medical Research Chi Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan
| | - Kao‐Chang Lin
- Department of Holistic Care Chi Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan
- Department of Neurology Chi Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan
| | - Ching‐Ping Chang
- Department of Medical Research Chi Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan
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Garg G, Singh AK, Singh S, Rizvi SI. Promising drug discovery strategies for sirtuin modulators: what lessons have we learnt? Expert Opin Drug Discov 2021; 16:915-927. [PMID: 33880981 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2021.1915980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sirtuins, NAD-dependent protein deacetylases, require NAD+ for enzymatic activity. Recent research has indicated that sirtuins have a key role in the regulation of gene expression, the cell cycle, apoptosis, neurodegeneration and several age-related diseases. In mammals, there are seven sirtuin isoforms (SIRT-1-7) that catalyze specific lysine substrate deacetylation. AREAS COVERED This review explains the current information on the structure, function and importance of sirtuin modulators. It also explores the possible therapeutic applications of sirtuin modulators and related small molecules in the context of various diseases. EXPERT OPINION Sirtuin's modulators open a new area of research for targeting pathological conditions. Sirtuin modulators, through their targeted function, may provide a possible tool for the amelioration of various diseases. However, the search of activators/inhibitors for sirtuins needs further research. The structural elucidation of sirtuins will create an understanding for the development of isoform-specific selective modulators. This could be a useful tool to determine the functions of individual sirtuins as potential therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetika Garg
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India.,Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Abhishek Kumar Singh
- Amity Institute of Neuropsychology and Neurosciences, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India
| | - Sandeep Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
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Sivasudhan E, Blake N, Lu ZL, Meng J, Rong R. Dynamics of m6A RNA Methylome on the Hallmarks of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:642443. [PMID: 33869193 PMCID: PMC8047153 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.642443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological data consistently rank hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide, often posing severe economic burden on health care. While the molecular etiopathogenesis associated with genetic and epigenetic modifications has been extensively explored, the biological influence of the emerging field of epitranscriptomics and its associated aberrant RNA modifications on tumorigenesis is a largely unexplored territory with immense potential for discovering new therapeutic approaches. In particular, the underlying cellular mechanisms of different hallmarks of hepatocarcinogenesis that are governed by the complex dynamics of m6A RNA methylation demand further investigation. In this review, we reveal the up-to-date knowledge on the mechanistic and functional link between m6A RNA methylation and pathogenesis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enakshi Sivasudhan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Blake
- Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Zhi-Liang Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Jia Meng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Rong Rong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Li C, Hu SS, Yang L, Wang M, Long JD, Wang B, Han H, Zhu H, Zhao S, Liu JG, Liu D, Liu H. Discovery of 5-Benzylidene-2-phenyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-diones as Highly Potent and Selective SIRT1 Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:397-403. [PMID: 33738067 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
SIRT1, a member of the sirtuin family, catalyzes the deacetylation of proteins with the transformation of NAD+ into nicotinamide and 2'-O-acetyl-ADP-ribose. Selective SIRT1/2 inhibitors have potential application in the chemotherapy of colorectal carcinoma, prostate cancer, and myelogenous leukemia. Here we identified novel SIRT1 inhibitors with the scaffold of 5-benzylidene-2-phenyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione. The most potent inhibitor 12n displayed an IC50 of 460 nM and a selectivity for SIRT1 over SIRT2, SIRT3, and SIRT5 of 113.5-, 254.3-, and 10.83-fold, respectively. It did not affect the activity of SIRT6. To elucidate the inhibitory mechanism, we determined the inhibition type of the inhibitor by enzyme kinetic analysis, showing that the inhibitor was competitive to the acetyl peptide and noncompetitive to NAD+. Further, the interaction of the inhibitor in SIRT1 was studied by using molecular docking, which was validated by the structure-activity relationship analysis of the inhibitors and the site-directed mutagenesis of SIRT1. Consistent with the in vitro assays, the inhibitors increased the acetylation level of p53 in a concentration-dependent manner in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunpu Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Sha-Sha Hu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | | | | | | | - Bing Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haozhen Han
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haoran Zhu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | | | | | - Dongxiang Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
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Lee GJ, Jung YH, Kim TJ, Chong Y, Jeong SW, Lee IK, Woo IS. Surtuin 1 as a potential prognostic biomarker in very elderly patients with colorectal cancer. Korean J Intern Med 2021; 36:S235-S244. [PMID: 32605336 PMCID: PMC8009171 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2019.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Colorectal cancer (CRC) rate increases with aging. Aging-related proteins, such as sirtuins (SIRTs) may be a potential therapeutic target in the elderly patients with CRC. The clinical implications of SIRT1 and SIRT2 have not been reported for elderly patients with cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of expression of SIRT1 and SIRT2 on clinical outcome in two extreme age groups of patients with CRC. METHODS The expression of SIRT1 and SIRT2 were evaluated in CRC tissues of 101 patients aged ≥ 80 years and 29 patients aged ≤ 40 years by immunohistochemistry. We defined the patients aged ≥ 80 years as the very elderly and patients aged ≤ 40 years as the young patients. Correlations between the expression of these proteins and clinicopathological features were analyzed. RESULTS The prognosis for the very elderly patients with high expressions of SIRT1 was significantly worse than that for patients showing low expression (median survival, 24.9 months vs. 38.6 months, p = 0.027) whereas high expression of SIRT2 better prognosis (median survival, 37.9 months vs. 17.3 months, p = 0.006). However, the young patients did not show any difference in prognosis according to expression of SIRT1 and SIRT2. In multivariate analysis, high SIRT1 expression retained statistical significance as a poor prognostic factor in the very elderly patients with CRC. CONCLUSION The results suggest that high SIRT1 expression could be predictive of a poor outcome for very elderly patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guk Jin Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Yun Hwa Jung
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Daejeon Sun Medical Center, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Tae-Jung Kim
- Department of Hospital Pathology, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yosep Chong
- Department of Hospital Pathology, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seo-Won Jeong
- Institute of Clinical Medical Research, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Kyu Lee
- Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Sook Woo
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Correspondence to In Sook Woo, M.D. Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 10 63-ro, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul 07345, Korea Tel: +82-2-3779-1574 Fax: +82-2-780-3132 E-mail:
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Gediya P, Parikh PK, Vyas VK, Ghate MD. Histone deacetylase 2: A potential therapeutic target for cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 216:113332. [PMID: 33714914 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been implicated in a number of diseases including cancer, cardiovascular disorders, diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative disorders and inflammation. For the treatment of epigenetically altered diseases such as cancer, HDAC inhibitors have made a significant progress in terms of development of isoform selective inhibitiors. Isoform specific HDAC inhibitors have less adverse events and better safety profile. A HDAC isoform i.e., HDAC2 demonstrated significant role in the development of variety of diseases, mainly involved in the cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Discovery and development of selective HDAC2 inhibitors have a great potential for the treatment of target diseases. In the present compilation, we have reviewed the role of HDAC2 in progression of cancer and neurodegenerative disorders, and information on the drug development opportunities for selective HDAC2 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Gediya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, 382481, Gujarat, India
| | - Palak K Parikh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, 382481, Gujarat, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Vivek K Vyas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, 382481, Gujarat, India
| | - Manjunath D Ghate
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, 382481, Gujarat, India.
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Darvishzadeh Mahani F, Khaksari M, Raji-Amirhasani A. Renoprotective effects of estrogen on acute kidney injury: the role of SIRT1. Int Urol Nephrol 2021; 53:2299-2310. [PMID: 33458788 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-020-02761-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common syndrome associated with high morbidity and mortality, despite progress in medical care. Many studies have shown that there are sex differences and different role of sex hormones particularly estrogens in kidney injury. In this regard, the incidence and rate of progression of kidney diseases are higher in men compared with women. These observations suggest that female sex hormone may be renoprotective. Silent information regulator 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) is a histone deacetylase, which is implicated in multiple biologic processes in several organisms. In the kidneys, SIRT1 inhibits renal cell apoptosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. Studies have reported a link between SIRT1 and estrogen. In addition, SIRT1 regulates ERα expression and inhibition of SIRT1 activity suppresses ERα expression. This effect leads to inhibition of estrogen-responsive gene expression. In this text, we review the role of SIRT1 in mediating the protective effects of estrogen in the onset and progression of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Darvishzadeh Mahani
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khaksari
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Alireza Raji-Amirhasani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Brockmueller A, Sameri S, Liskova A, Zhai K, Varghese E, Samuel SM, Büsselberg D, Kubatka P, Shakibaei M. Resveratrol's Anti-Cancer Effects through the Modulation of Tumor Glucose Metabolism. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020188. [PMID: 33430318 PMCID: PMC7825813 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The prevention and treatment of cancer is an ongoing medical challenge. In the context of personalized medicine, the well-studied polyphenol resveratrol could complement classical tumor therapy. It may affect key processes such as inflammation, angiogenesis, proliferation, metastasis, glucose metabolism, and apoptosis in various cancers because resveratrol acts as a multi-targeting agent by modulating multiple signal transduction pathways. This review article focuses on resveratrol’s ability to modify tumor glucose metabolism and its associated therapeutic capacity. Resveratrol reduces glucose uptake and glycolysis by affecting Glut1, PFK1, HIF-1α, ROS, PDH, and the CamKKB/AMPK pathway. It also inhibits cell growth, invasion, and proliferation by targeting NF-kB, Sirt1, Sirt3, LDH, PI-3K, mTOR, PKM2, R5P, G6PD, TKT, talin, and PGAM. In addition, resveratrol induces apoptosis by targeting integrin, p53, LDH, and FAK. In conclusion, resveratrol has many potentials to intervene in tumor processes if bioavailability can be increased and this natural compound can be used selectively. Abstract Tumor cells develop several metabolic reprogramming strategies, such as increased glucose uptake and utilization via aerobic glycolysis and fermentation of glucose to lactate; these lead to a low pH environment in which the cancer cells thrive and evade apoptosis. These characteristics of tumor cells are known as the Warburg effect. Adaptive metabolic alterations in cancer cells can be attributed to mutations in key metabolic enzymes and transcription factors. The features of the Warburg phenotype may serve as promising markers for the early detection and treatment of tumors. Besides, the glycolytic process of tumors is reversible and could represent a therapeutic target. So-called mono-target therapies are often unsafe and ineffective, and have a high prevalence of recurrence. Their success is hindered by the ability of tumor cells to simultaneously develop multiple chemoresistance pathways. Therefore, agents that modify several cellular targets, such as energy restriction to target tumor cells specifically, have therapeutic potential. Resveratrol, a natural active polyphenol found in grapes and red wine and used in many traditional medicines, is known for its ability to target multiple components of signaling pathways in tumors, leading to the suppression of cell proliferation, activation of apoptosis, and regression in tumor growth. Here, we describe current knowledge on the various mechanisms by which resveratrol modulates glucose metabolism, its potential as an imitator of caloric restriction, and its therapeutic capacity in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aranka Brockmueller
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumor Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Pettenkoferstrasse 11, D-80336 Munich, Germany;
| | - Saba Sameri
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, 6517838678 Hamadan, Iran;
| | - Alena Liskova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Kevin Zhai
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (K.Z.); (E.V.); (S.M.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Elizabeth Varghese
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (K.Z.); (E.V.); (S.M.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Samson Mathews Samuel
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (K.Z.); (E.V.); (S.M.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (K.Z.); (E.V.); (S.M.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Mehdi Shakibaei
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumor Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Pettenkoferstrasse 11, D-80336 Munich, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-892-1807-2624; Fax: +49-892-1807-2625
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Sanaei M, Kavoosi F. Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors, Intrinsic and Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathways, and Epigenetic Alterations of Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2021; 20:324-336. [PMID: 34903992 PMCID: PMC8653641 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2021.115105.15197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetics is the study of heritable modifications in gene expression and reversible forms of gene regulation. Recent in-vitro works have indicated that epigenetics plays a significant role in many types of human cancers e.g. hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Diverse cellular functions are regulated by histone acetylation and deacetylation. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) and histone acetylases (HATs) are enzymes involved in chromatin remodeling histone deacetylation and acetylation respectively. Aberrant protein acetylation, particularly histone deacetylation, has been reported in a broad range of human cancer types. Epigenetic modification by inhibiting HDAC activity is an emerging approach in cancer treatment. HDACIs play their apoptotic roles through multiple mechanisms such as extrinsic/cytoplasmic and intrinsic/mitochondrial molecular mechanisms. Here, we summarize the major classes of HDACs and epigenetic compounds, HDACIs, and also their molecular mechanisms in HCC including intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways. An online search of different sources including PubMed, ISI, and Scopus was achieved to find suitable data on mechanisms and pathways of HDACs and HDACIs in HCC. The result demonstrated that the dysregulation of HDACs because of histone deacetylation induces HCC. The histone deacetylation can be reversed by HDACIs resulting in apoptosis induction. In conclusion, because histone deacetylation is a potentially reversible change, epigenetic histone modification represents new opportunities for cancer management by reactivation of gene silencing. The inhibition of HDACs by GDACIs can effectively induce apoptosis and suppress cancer cell proliferation. These compounds can engage both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways.
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Al-Sudani B, Ragazzon-Smith AH, Aziz A, Alansari R, Ferry N, Krstic-Demonacos M, Ragazzon PA. Circular and linear: a tale of aptamer selection for the activation of SIRT1 to induce death in cancer cells. RSC Adv 2020; 10:45008-45018. [PMID: 35516259 PMCID: PMC9058605 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07857c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It is a challenge to select the right target to treat conditions without affecting non-diseased cells. Cancer belongs to the top 10 causes of death in the world and it remains difficult to treat. Amongst cancer emerging targets, silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) - a histone deacetylase - has shown many roles in cancer, ageing and metabolism. Here we report novel SIRT1 ligands that bind and modulate the activity of SIRT1 within cells and enhance its enzymatic activity. We developed a modified aptamer capable of binding to and forming a complex with SIRT1. Our ligands are aptamers, they can be made of DNA or RNA oligonucleotides, their binding domain can recognise a target with very high affinity and specificity. We used the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) technique to develop circular and linear aptamers selectively binding to SIRT1. Cellular consequences of the interaction were monitored by fluorescence microscopy, cell viability assay, stability and enzymatic assays. Our results indicate that from our pool of aptamers, circular AC3 penetrates cancerous cells and is recruited to modulate the SIRT1 activity. This modulation of SIRT1 resulted in anticancer activity on different cancer cell lines. Furthermore, this modified aptamer showed no toxicity on one non-cancerous cell line and was stable in human plasma. We have demonstrated that aptamers are efficient tools for localisation of internal cell targets, and in this particular case, anticancer activity through modulation of SIRT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma Al-Sudani
- College of Pharmacy, Branch of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Mustansiriya UK
- Biomedical Research Centre, School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford UK
| | | | - Athar Aziz
- Biomedical Research Centre, School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford UK
| | - Rania Alansari
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University Hornbeam Building (2.26) Keele ST5 5BG UK
| | - Natalie Ferry
- Biomedical Research Centre, School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford UK
| | - Marija Krstic-Demonacos
- Biomedical Research Centre, School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford UK
| | - Patricia A Ragazzon
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University Hornbeam Building (2.26) Keele ST5 5BG UK
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Yang Z, Qin W, Huo J, Zhuo Q, Wang J, Wang L. MiR-22 modulates the expression of lipogenesis-related genes and promotes hepatic steatosis in vitro. FEBS Open Bio 2020; 11:322-332. [PMID: 33159388 PMCID: PMC7780092 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is highly correlated with obesity, and lifestyle changes to reduce weight remain the main therapeutic approach. The noncoding RNA miR-22 has previously been reported to be highly abundant in the sera of NAFLD patients. In addition, miR-22 directly targets peroxisome proliferative-activated receptor, Pgc-1α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α, and sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), which are important factors involved in fatty acid metabolism. Given that miR-22 directly targets genes involved in the control of metabolism and obesity, we investigated whether miR-22 contributes to metabolic alterations induced by obesity. We observed increased expression of miR-22, decreased expression of Sirt1, and alterations in the expression of adipogenesis-related genes in a mouse model of obesity and a human hepatocyte cell line. We identified that miR-22 and the 3'-UTR of Sirt1 are complementary. Mutation of the complementary fragment abolishes the ability of miR-22 to regulate the Sirt1 gene. Furthermore, treatment of hepatic steatosis cells with miR-22 mimics or inhibitors showed that miR-22 can promote hepatic steatosis, and miR-22 inhibitors effectively reduced triglyceride levels without affecting cell activity. Finally, we validated that miR-22 has similar effects on downstream lipid metabolism-related genes. Our data reveal the pathways and mechanisms through which miR-22 regulates lipid metabolism and suggest that miR-22 inhibitors may have potential as candidate drugs for NAFLD and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Yang
- National Institute for Nutrition and HealthChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionKey Laboratory of Trace Element and NutritionNational Health Commission of ChinaBeijingChina
| | - Wen Qin
- National Institute for Nutrition and HealthChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionKey Laboratory of Trace Element and NutritionNational Health Commission of ChinaBeijingChina
| | - Junsheng Huo
- National Institute for Nutrition and HealthChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionKey Laboratory of Trace Element and NutritionNational Health Commission of ChinaBeijingChina
| | - Qin Zhuo
- National Institute for Nutrition and HealthChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionKey Laboratory of Trace Element and NutritionNational Health Commission of ChinaBeijingChina
| | - Jingbo Wang
- National Institute for Nutrition and HealthChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionKey Laboratory of Trace Element and NutritionNational Health Commission of ChinaBeijingChina
| | - Liyuan Wang
- National Institute for Nutrition and HealthChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionKey Laboratory of Trace Element and NutritionNational Health Commission of ChinaBeijingChina
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Rasha F, Mims BM, Castro-Piedras I, Barnes BJ, Grisham MB, Rahman RL, Pruitt K. The Versatility of Sirtuin-1 in Endocrinology and Immunology. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:589016. [PMID: 33330467 PMCID: PMC7717970 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.589016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins belong to the class III family of NAD-dependent histone deacetylases (HDAC) and are involved in diverse physiological processes that range from regulation of metabolism and endocrine function to coordination of immunity and cellular responses to stress. Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) is the most well-studied family member and has been shown to be critically involved in epigenetics, immunology, and endocrinology. The versatile roles of SIRT1 include regulation of energy sensing metabolic homeostasis, deacetylation of histone and non-histone proteins in numerous tissues, neuro-endocrine regulation via stimulation of hypothalamus-pituitary axes, synthesis and maintenance of reproductive hormones via steroidogenesis, maintenance of innate and adaptive immune system via regulation of T- and B-cell maturation, chronic inflammation and autoimmune diseases. Moreover, SIRT1 is an appealing target in various disease contexts due to the promise of pharmacological and/or natural modulators of SIRT1 activity within the context of endocrine and immune-related disease models. In this review we aim to provide a broad overview on the role of SIRT1 particularly within the context of endocrinology and immunology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahmida Rasha
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Brianyell McDaniel Mims
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Isabel Castro-Piedras
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Betsy J. Barnes
- Laboratory of Autoimmune and Cancer Research, Center for Autoimmune Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Disease, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra-Northwell, Hempstead, NY, United States
| | - Matthew B. Grisham
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | | | - Kevin Pruitt
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
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Nguyen LT, Saad S, Chen H, Pollock CA. Parental SIRT1 Overexpression Attenuate Metabolic Disorders Due to Maternal High-Fat Feeding. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197342. [PMID: 33027895 PMCID: PMC7582993 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal obesity can contribute to the development of obesity and related metabolic disorders in progeny. Sirtuin (SIRT)1, an essential regulator of metabolism and stress responses, has recently emerged as an important modifying factor of developmental programming. In this study, to elucidate the effects of parental SIRT1 overexpression on offspring mechanism, four experimental groups were included: (1) Chow-fed wild-type (WT)-dam × Chow-fed WT-sire; (2) High-fat diet (HFD)-fed WT-dam × Chow-fed WT-sire; (3) HFD-fed hemizygous SIRT1-transgenic (Tg)-dam × Chow-fed WT-sire; and (4) HFD-fed WT dam × Chow-fed Tg-sire. Our results indicate that Tg breeders had lower body weight and fat mass compared to WT counterparts and gave birth to WT offspring with reductions in body weight, adiposity and hyperlipidaemia compared to those born of WT parents. Maternal SIRT1 overexpression also reversed glucose intolerance, and normalised abnormal fat morphology and the expression of dysregulated lipid metabolism markers, including SIRT1. Despite having persistent hepatic steatosis, offspring born to Tg parents showed an improved balance of hepatic glucose/lipid metabolic markers, as well as reduced levels of inflammatory markers and TGF-β/Smad3 fibrotic signalling. Collectively, the data suggest that parental SIRT1 overexpression can ameliorate adverse metabolic programming effects by maternal obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long T. Nguyen
- Renal medicine, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Sonia Saad
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; (S.S.); (H.C.)
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; (S.S.); (H.C.)
| | - Carol A. Pollock
- Renal medicine, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia;
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Bian J, Dannappel M, Wan C, Firestein R. Transcriptional Regulation of Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in Colorectal Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9092125. [PMID: 32961708 PMCID: PMC7564852 DOI: 10.3390/cells9092125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway exerts integral roles in embryogenesis and adult homeostasis. Aberrant activation of the pathway is implicated in growth-associated diseases and cancers, especially as a key driver in the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Loss or inactivation of Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) results in constitutive activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which is considered as an initiating event in the development of CRC. Increased Wnt/β-catenin signaling is observed in virtually all CRC patients, underscoring the importance of this pathway for therapeutic intervention. Prior studies have deciphered the regulatory networks required for the cytoplasmic stabilisation or degradation of the Wnt pathway effector, β-catenin. However, the mechanism whereby nuclear β-catenin drives or inhibits expression of Wnt target genes is more diverse and less well characterised. Here, we describe a brief synopsis of the core canonical Wnt pathway components, set the spotlight on nuclear mediators and highlight the emerging role of chromatin regulators as modulators of β-catenin-dependent transcription activity and oncogenic output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Bian
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (J.B.); (M.D.); (C.W.)
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Marius Dannappel
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (J.B.); (M.D.); (C.W.)
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Chunhua Wan
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (J.B.); (M.D.); (C.W.)
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Ron Firestein
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (J.B.); (M.D.); (C.W.)
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- Correspondence:
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Zhao L, Cao J, Hu K, He X, Yun D, Tong T, Han L. Sirtuins and their Biological Relevance in Aging and Age-Related Diseases. Aging Dis 2020; 11:927-945. [PMID: 32765955 PMCID: PMC7390530 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2019.0820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins, initially described as histone deacetylases and gene silencers in yeast, are now known to have many more functions and to be much more abundant in living organisms. The increasing evidence of sirtuins in the field of ageing and age-related diseases indicates that they may provide novel targets for treating diseases associated with aging and perhaps extend human lifespan. Here, we summarize some of the recent discoveries in sirtuin biology that clearly implicate the functions of sirtuins in the regulation of aging and age-related diseases. Furthermore, human sirtuins are considered promising therapeutic targets for anti-aging and ageing-related diseases and have attracted interest in scientific communities to develop small molecule activators or drugs to ameliorate a wide range of ageing disorders. In this review, we also summarize the discovery and development status of sirtuin-targeted drug and further discuss the potential medical strategies of sirtuins in delaying aging and treating age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Zhao
- 1Peking University Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing, China
| | - Jianzhong Cao
- 2Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kexin Hu
- 1Peking University Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong He
- 2Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dou Yun
- 1Peking University Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing, China
| | - Tanjun Tong
- 1Peking University Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing, China
| | - Limin Han
- 1Peking University Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing, China
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Gill NK, Rios D, Osorio-Camacena E, Mojica BE, Kaur B, Soderstrom MA, Gonzalez M, Plaat B, Poblete C, Kaur N, Singh H, Forester SC. Anticancer Effects of Extracts from Three Different Chokeberry Species. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:1168-1174. [PMID: 32643413 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1789679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Colon cancer risk appears to be lowered by consumption of a diet rich in fruits and vegetables. Chokeberries are rich in phytochemicals that may act as potent anticancer agents. Phytochemicals that are particularly abundant in chokeberries include anthocyanins and phenolic acids. In this study, we compared the growth inhibitory activity of three chokeberry extracts in HT-29 human colon cancer cells. The three extracts tested were derived from Aronia arbutifolia (red), Aronia prunifolia (purple), and Aronia melanocarpa (black). Cells were incubated with either red, purple, or black chokeberry extracts and cell viability was quantified using the thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The black chokeberry extract had the greatest effect in reducing cell proliferation. The extracts were also characterized for total phenols (Folin-Ciocalteu assay), total antioxidant activity (oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay), and levels of bioactive phenolic acids (high-performance liquid chromatography). The growth inhibitory activities of the extracts correlated well with total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and levels of caffeic and chlorogenic acids. The black chokeberry extract had the greatest level of total phenols, antioxidant activity, and individual phenolic acids. This research suggests that the phenolic profile of foods such as chokeberries can help determine their cancer cell growth inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navpreet K Gill
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Bakersfield, Bakersfield, California, USA
| | - Diana Rios
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Bakersfield, Bakersfield, California, USA
| | - Elena Osorio-Camacena
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Bakersfield, Bakersfield, California, USA
| | - Benigno E Mojica
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Bakersfield, Bakersfield, California, USA
| | - Baljinder Kaur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Bakersfield, Bakersfield, California, USA
| | - Matthew A Soderstrom
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Bakersfield, Bakersfield, California, USA
| | - Maricarmen Gonzalez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Bakersfield, Bakersfield, California, USA
| | - Brandy Plaat
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Bakersfield, Bakersfield, California, USA
| | - Clarice Poblete
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Bakersfield, Bakersfield, California, USA
| | - Navdeep Kaur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Bakersfield, Bakersfield, California, USA
| | - Henna Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Bakersfield, Bakersfield, California, USA
| | - Sarah C Forester
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Bakersfield, Bakersfield, California, USA
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Deacetylation by SIRT1 promotes the tumor-suppressive activity of HINT1 by enhancing its binding capacity for β-catenin or MITF in colon cancer and melanoma cells. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:1075-1089. [PMID: 32636443 PMCID: PMC8080686 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-0465-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1), which belongs to the evolutionarily conserved HIT superfamily, has been shown to possess a tumor-suppressive function by binding to and inhibiting several oncogenic transcription factors, such as β-catenin and microphthalmia transcription factor (MITF), in various types of cancer cells. However, the regulatory mechanism that mediates the binding capacity of HINT1 for partner transcription factors remains elusive. Here, we report that HINT1 is acetylated by CBP at K21 and K30 and deacetylated by SIRT1. Deacetylation of HINT1 by SIRT1 increases the capacity of HINT1 to bind to β-catenin or MITF. As a result, the tumor-suppressive function of HINT1 is increased. In support of this, the deacetylation mimetic HINT1 mutant HINT1 2KR was found to significantly reduce cellular proliferation in colon cancer and melanoma cells and tumorigenesis in xenograft assays. Thus, this study reveals an acetylation-dependent regulatory mechanism that governs the tumor-suppressive function of HINT1. A crucial modification to the tumor-suppressing gene HINT1 helps slow the spread of colon cancer and melanoma according to researchers in South Korea. HINT1 is known to bind to and inhibit several tumor-promoting transcription factors, but it is unclear how this process is regulated. Hyun-Seok Kim at Ewha Womans University in Seoul and co-workers focused on SIRT1, an enzyme that deacetylates, i.e., removes acetyl groups from, various important proteins. They found that the deacetylation of HINT1 by SIRT1 promotes the capacity of HINT1 to bind to transcription factors, thereby enhancing its tumor-suppressing function. Mutant colon cancer and melanoma cell lines with completely deacetylated HINT1 showed significantly reduced growth. The researchers suggest that acetylation and other reversible modifications of HINT1, such as phosphorylation, could be useful in clinical treatments.
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Inhibition of SIRT1/2 upregulates HSPA5 acetylation and induces pro-survival autophagy via ATF4-DDIT4-mTORC1 axis in human lung cancer cells. Apoptosis 2020; 24:798-811. [PMID: 31321634 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-019-01559-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sirtuins have emerged as a promising novel class of anti-cancer drug targets. Inhibition of SIRT1 and SIRT2 induces apoptosis in cancer cells and they play multifaceted roles in regulating autophagy. In the present study, we found that salermide, a SIRT1/2-specific inhibitor or small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to block SIRT1/2 expression could induce autophagy in human NSCLC cells. Moreover, SIRT1/2 inhibition increased the expression levels of ATF4 and DDIT4 and downregulated p-RPS6KB1 and p-EIF4EBP1, two downstream molecules of mTORC1. Moreover, ATF4 or DDIT4 knockdown attenuated salermide-induced autophagy, suggesting that SIRT1/2 inhibition induced autophagy through the ATF4-DDIT4-mTORC1 axis. Mechanistically, SIRT1/2 inhibition led to HSPA5 acetylation and dissociation from EIF2AK3, leading to ER stress response and followed by upregulation of ATF4 and DDIT4, triggering autophagy. Silencing of the autophagic gene ATG5 in lung cancer cells resulted in increased apoptotic cell death induced by SIRT1/2 inhibition. Our data show that inhibition of SIRT1/2 induces pro-survival autophagy via acetylation of HSPA5 and subsequent activation of ATF4 and DDIT4 to inhibit the mTOR signaling pathway in NSCLC cells. These findings suggest that combinatorial treatment with SIRT1/2 inhibitors and pharmacological autophagy inhibitors is an effective therapeutic strategy for cancer therapy.
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