1
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Volegova MP, Hermosillo C, Cate JHD. The Helix-Loop-Helix motif of human EIF3A regulates translation of proliferative cellular mRNAs. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292080. [PMID: 37768948 PMCID: PMC10538695 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Improper regulation of translation initiation, a vital checkpoint of protein synthesis in the cell, has been linked to a number of cancers. Overexpression of protein subunits of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF3) is associated with increased translation of mRNAs involved in cell proliferation. In addition to playing a major role in general translation initiation by serving as a scaffold for the assembly of translation initiation complexes, eIF3 regulates translation of specific cellular mRNAs and viral RNAs. Mutations in the N-terminal Helix-Loop-Helix (HLH) RNA-binding motif of the EIF3A subunit interfere with Hepatitis C Virus Internal Ribosome Entry Site (IRES) mediated translation initiation in vitro. Here we show that the EIF3A HLH motif controls translation of a small set of cellular transcripts enriched in oncogenic mRNAs, including MYC. We demonstrate that the HLH motif of EIF3A acts specifically on the 5' UTR of MYC mRNA and modulates the function of EIF4A1 on select transcripts during translation initiation. In Ramos lymphoma cell lines, which are dependent on MYC overexpression, mutations in the HLH motif greatly reduce MYC expression, impede proliferation and sensitize cells to anti-cancer compounds. These results reveal the potential of the EIF3A HLH motif in eIF3 as a promising chemotherapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina P. Volegova
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
| | - Cynthia Hermosillo
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
| | - Jamie H. D. Cate
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
- Molecular Biosciences and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
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2
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Wang HY, Yang H, Holm M, Tom H, Oltion K, Al-Khdhairawi AAQ, Weber JFF, Blanchard SC, Ruggero D, Taunton J. Synthesis and single-molecule imaging reveal stereospecific enhancement of binding kinetics by the antitumour eEF1A antagonist SR-A3. Nat Chem 2022; 14:1443-1450. [PMID: 36123449 PMCID: PMC10018702 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-01039-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Ternatin-family cyclic peptides inhibit protein synthesis by targeting the eukaryotic elongation factor-1α. A potentially related cytotoxic natural product ('A3') was isolated from Aspergillus, but only 4 of its 11 stereocentres could be assigned. Here, we synthesized SR-A3 and SS-A3-two out of 128 possible A3 epimers-and discovered that synthetic SR-A3 is indistinguishable from naturally derived A3. Relative to SS-A3, SR-A3 exhibits an enhanced residence time and rebinding kinetics, as revealed by single-molecule fluorescence imaging of elongation reactions catalysed by eukaryotic elongation factor-1α in vitro. An increased residence time-stereospecifically conferred by the unique β-hydroxyl in SR-A3-was also observed in cells. Consistent with its prolonged duration of action, thrice-weekly dosing with SR-A3 led to a reduced tumour burden and increased survival in an aggressive Myc-driven mouse lymphoma model. Our results demonstrate the potential of SR-A3 as a cancer therapeutic and exemplify an evolutionary mechanism for enhancing cyclic peptide binding kinetics via stereospecific side-chain hydroxylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yuan Wang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Haojun Yang
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mikael Holm
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Harrison Tom
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Keely Oltion
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Jean-Frédéric F Weber
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery (AuRIns), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Branch, Bandar Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - Scott C Blanchard
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Davide Ruggero
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jack Taunton
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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3
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Watari A, Fujiwara K, Yagi K, Tachibana K, Katsurada T, Myoui A, Kondoh M. Homoharringtonine is a transdermal granular permeation enhancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 616:140-144. [PMID: 35679696 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.04.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Although modulation of claudin-1-based tight junction (TJ) in stratum granulosum is an option for transdermal absorption of drugs, granular permeation enhancers have never been developed. We previously found that homoharringtonine (HHT), a natural alkanoid, weakened intestinal epithelial barrier with changing expression and cellular localization of TJ components such as claudin-1 and claudin-4. In the present study, we investigated whether HHT is an epidermal granular permeation enhancer. Treatment of normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) cells with HHT decreased claudin-1 and claudin-4 but not zonula occludens-1 and E-cadherin. HHT lowered TJ-integrity in NHEK cells, accompanied by permeation-enhancement of dextran (4 kDa) in a dose-dependent manner. Transdermal treatment of mice with HHT weakened epidermal barrier. HHT treatment enhanced transdermal absorption of dextran with a molecular mass of up to 10 kDa. Together, HHT may be a transdermal absorption enhancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Watari
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Medical Innovation, Osaka University Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Kana Fujiwara
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kiyohito Yagi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keisuke Tachibana
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Akira Myoui
- Department of Medical Innovation, Osaka University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masuo Kondoh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
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4
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Hwang J, Singh N, Braniecki M, Gok Yavuz B, Tsoukas MM, Quigley JG. Omacetaxine added to a standard acute myeloid leukaemia chemotherapy regimen reduces cellular FLIP levels, markedly increasing the incidence of eccrine hidradenitis. Br J Haematol 2021; 195:e138-e141. [PMID: 34490614 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonwei Hwang
- University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Naina Singh
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Marylee Braniecki
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Betul Gok Yavuz
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Maria M Tsoukas
- Department of Dermatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - John G Quigley
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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5
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Jiang SL, Mo JL, Peng J, Lei L, Yin JY, Zhou HH, Liu ZQ, Hong WX. Targeting translation regulators improves cancer therapy. Genomics 2020; 113:1247-1256. [PMID: 33189778 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Deregulation of protein synthesis may be involved in multiple aspects of cancer, such as gene expression, signal transduction and drive specific cell biological responses, resulting in promoting cancer growth, invasion and metastasis. Study the molecular mechanisms about translational control may help us to find more effective anti-cancer drugs and develop novel therapeutic opportunities. Recently, the researchers had focused on targeting translational machinery to overcome cancer, and various small molecular inhibitors targeting translation factors or pathways have been tested in clinical trials and exhibited improving outcomes in several cancer types. There is no doubt that an insight into the class of translation regulation protein would provide new target for pharmacologic intervention and further provide opportunities to develop novel anti-tumor therapeutic interventions. In this review, we summarized the developments of translational control in cancer survival and progression et al, and highlighted the therapeutic approach targeted translation regulation to overcome the cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Long Jiang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Engineering Research Center for applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410078, PR China
| | - Jun-Luan Mo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Engineering Research Center for applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410078, PR China; Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518020, PR China
| | - Ji Peng
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518020, PR China
| | - Lin Lei
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518020, PR China
| | - Ji-Ye Yin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Engineering Research Center for applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410078, PR China
| | - Hong-Hao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Engineering Research Center for applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410078, PR China
| | - Zhao-Qian Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Engineering Research Center for applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410078, PR China.
| | - Wen-Xu Hong
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518020, PR China.
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6
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The marine compound and elongation factor 1A1 inhibitor, didemnin B, provides benefit in western diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Pharmacol Res 2020; 161:105208. [PMID: 32977024 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of eukaryotic elongation factor 1A1 (EEF1A1) with the marine compound didemnin B decreases lipotoxic HepG2 cell death in vitro and improves early stage non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in young genetically obese mice. However, the effects of didemnin B on NAFLD in a model of long-term diet-induced obesity are not known. We investigated the effects of didemnin B on NAFLD severity and metabolic parameters in western diet-induced obese mice, and on the cell types that contribute to liver inflammation and fibrosis in vitro. Male 129S6 mice were fed either standard chow or western diet for 26 weeks, followed by intervention with didemnin B (50 μg/kg) or vehicle by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection once every 3 days for 14 days. Didemnin B decreased liver and plasma triglycerides, improved oral glucose tolerance, and decreased NAFLD severity. Moreover, didemnin B moderately increased hepatic expression of genes involved in ER stress response (Perk, Chop), and fatty acid oxidation (Fgf21, Cpt1a). In vitro, didemnin B decreased THP-1 monocyte proliferation, disrupted THP-1 monocyte-macrophage differentiation, decreased THP-1 macrophage IL-1β secretion, and decreased hepatic stellate cell (HSteC) proliferation and collagen secretion under both basal and lipotoxic (high fatty acid) conditions. Thus, didemnin B improves hepatic steatosis, glucose tolerance, and blood lipids in obesity, in association with moderate, possibly hormetic, upregulation of pathways involved in cell stress response and energy balance in the liver. Furthermore, it decreases the activity of the cell types implicated in liver inflammation and fibrosis in vitro. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of partial protein synthesis inhibition in the treatment of NAFLD.
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7
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Gelsinger DR, Dallon E, Reddy R, Mohammad F, Buskirk A, DiRuggiero J. Ribosome profiling in archaea reveals leaderless translation, novel translational initiation sites, and ribosome pausing at single codon resolution. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:5201-5216. [PMID: 32382758 PMCID: PMC7261190 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
High-throughput methods, such as ribosome profiling, have revealed the complexity of translation regulation in Bacteria and Eukarya with large-scale effects on cellular functions. In contrast, the translational landscape in Archaea remains mostly unexplored. Here, we developed ribosome profiling in a model archaeon, Haloferax volcanii, elucidating, for the first time, the translational landscape of a representative of the third domain of life. We determined the ribosome footprint of H. volcanii to be comparable in size to that of the Eukarya. We linked footprint lengths to initiating and elongating states of the ribosome on leadered transcripts, operons, and on leaderless transcripts, the latter representing 70% of H. volcanii transcriptome. We manipulated ribosome activity with translation inhibitors to reveal ribosome pausing at specific codons. Lastly, we found that the drug harringtonine arrested ribosomes at initiation sites in this archaeon. This drug treatment allowed us to confirm known translation initiation sites and also reveal putative novel initiation sites in intergenic regions and within genes. Ribosome profiling revealed an uncharacterized complexity of translation in this archaeon with bacteria-like, eukarya-like, and potentially novel translation mechanisms. These mechanisms are likely to be functionally essential and to contribute to an expanded proteome with regulatory roles in gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emma Dallon
- Department of Biology, the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rahul Reddy
- Department of Biology, the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fuad Mohammad
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Allen R Buskirk
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jocelyne DiRuggiero
- Department of Biology, the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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8
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Laham-Karam N, Pinto GP, Poso A, Kokkonen P. Transcription and Translation Inhibitors in Cancer Treatment. Front Chem 2020; 8:276. [PMID: 32373584 PMCID: PMC7186406 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription and translation are fundamental cellular processes that govern the protein production of cells. These processes are generally up regulated in cancer cells, to maintain the enhanced metabolism and proliferative state of these cells. As such cancerous cells can be susceptible to transcription and translation inhibitors. There are numerous druggable proteins involved in transcription and translation which make lucrative targets for cancer drug development. In addition to proteins, recent years have shown that the "undruggable" transcription factors and RNA molecules can also be targeted to hamper the transcription or translation in cancer. In this review, we summarize the properties and function of the transcription and translation inhibitors that have been tested and developed, focusing on the advances of the last 5 years. To complement this, we also discuss some of the recent advances in targeting oncogenes tightly controlling transcription including transcription factors and KRAS. In addition to natural and synthetic compounds, we review DNA and RNA based approaches to develop cancer drugs. Finally, we conclude with the outlook to the future of the development of transcription and translation inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihay Laham-Karam
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Gaspar P. Pinto
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne University Hospital, Brno, Czechia
- Loschmidt Laboratories, Department of Experimental Biology and RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Antti Poso
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- University Hospital Tübingen, Department of Internal Medicine VIII, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Piia Kokkonen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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9
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Singh K, Lin J, Zhong Y, Burčul A, Mohan P, Jiang M, Sun L, Yong-Gonzalez V, Viale A, Cross JR, Hendrickson RC, Rätsch G, Ouyang Z, Wendel HG. c-MYC regulates mRNA translation efficiency and start-site selection in lymphoma. J Exp Med 2019; 216:1509-1524. [PMID: 31142587 PMCID: PMC6605752 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20181726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The oncogenic c-MYC (MYC) transcription factor has broad effects on gene expression and cell behavior. We show that MYC alters the efficiency and quality of mRNA translation into functional proteins. Specifically, MYC drives the translation of most protein components of the electron transport chain in lymphoma cells, and many of these effects are independent from proliferation. Specific interactions of MYC-sensitive RNA-binding proteins (e.g., SRSF1/RBM42) with 5'UTR sequence motifs mediate many of these changes. Moreover, we observe a striking shift in translation initiation site usage. For example, in low-MYC conditions, lymphoma cells initiate translation of the CD19 mRNA from a site in exon 5. This results in the truncation of all extracellular CD19 domains and facilitates escape from CD19-directed CAR-T cell therapy. Together, our findings reveal MYC effects on the translation of key metabolic enzymes and immune receptors in lymphoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamini Singh
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Jianan Lin
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
| | - Yi Zhong
- Computational Biology Department, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Antonija Burčul
- Computational Biology Department, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Prathibha Mohan
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Man Jiang
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Liping Sun
- Integrated Genomics Operation, Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Vladimir Yong-Gonzalez
- Donald B. and Catherine C. Marron Cancer Metabolism Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Agnes Viale
- Integrated Genomics Operation, Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Justin R Cross
- Donald B. and Catherine C. Marron Cancer Metabolism Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Ronald C Hendrickson
- Proteomics and Microchemistry, Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Gunnar Rätsch
- Computational Biology Department, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Biomedical Informatics, Department of Computer Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Zhengqing Ouyang
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences and Institute for System Genomics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT
| | - Hans-Guido Wendel
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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10
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Song KA, Hosono Y, Turner C, Jacob S, Lochmann TL, Murakami Y, Patel NU, Ham J, Hu B, Powell KM, Coon CM, Windle BE, Oya Y, Koblinski JE, Harada H, Leverson JD, Souers AJ, Hata AN, Boikos S, Yatabe Y, Ebi H, Faber AC. Increased Synthesis of MCL-1 Protein Underlies Initial Survival of EGFR-Mutant Lung Cancer to EGFR Inhibitors and Provides a Novel Drug Target. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:5658-5672. [PMID: 30087143 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-0304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: EGFR inhibitors (EGFRi) are effective against EGFR-mutant lung cancers. The efficacy of these drugs, however, is mitigated by the outgrowth of resistant cells, most often driven by a secondary acquired mutation in EGFR, T790M We recently demonstrated that T790M can arise de novo during treatment; it follows that one potential therapeutic strategy to thwart resistance would be identifying and eliminating these cells [referred to as drug-tolerant cells (DTC)] prior to acquiring secondary mutations like T790M Experimental Design: We have developed DTCs to EGFRi in EGFR-mutant lung cancer cell lines. Subsequent analyses of DTCs included RNA-seq, high-content microscopy, and protein translational assays. Based on these results, we tested the ability of MCL-1 BH3 mimetics to combine with EGFR inhibitors to eliminate DTCs and shrink EGFR-mutant lung cancer tumors in vivo Results: We demonstrate surviving EGFR-mutant lung cancer cells upregulate the antiapoptotic protein MCL-1 in response to short-term EGFRi treatment. Mechanistically, DTCs undergo a protein biosynthesis enrichment resulting in increased mTORC1-mediated mRNA translation of MCL-1, revealing a novel mechanism in which lung cancer cells adapt to short-term pressures of apoptosis-inducing kinase inhibitors. Moreover, MCL-1 is a key molecule governing the emergence of early EGFR-mutant DTCs to EGFRi, and we demonstrate it can be effectively cotargeted with clinically emerging MCL-1 inhibitors both in vitro and in vivo Conclusions: Altogether, these data reveal that this novel therapeutic combination may delay the acquisition of secondary mutations, therefore prolonging therapy efficacy. Clin Cancer Res; 24(22); 5658-72. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-A Song
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Yasuyuki Hosono
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Crystal Turner
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Sheeba Jacob
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Timothy L Lochmann
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Yoshiko Murakami
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Neha U Patel
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Jungoh Ham
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Pathology, VCU School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Krista M Powell
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Colin M Coon
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Brad E Windle
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Yuko Oya
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Hisashi Harada
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | | | | | - Aaron N Hata
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sosipatros Boikos
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Yasushi Yatabe
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan.,Precision Medicine Center, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Ebi
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan. .,Precision Medicine Center, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Anthony C Faber
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia.
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11
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Chu J, Pelletier J. Therapeutic Opportunities in Eukaryotic Translation. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2018; 10:cshperspect.a032995. [PMID: 29440069 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a032995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The ability to block biological processes with selective small molecules provides advantages distinct from most other experimental approaches. These include rapid time to onset, swift reversibility, ability to probe activities in manners that cannot be accessed by genetic means, and the potential to be further developed as therapeutic agents. Small molecule inhibitors can also be used to alter expression and activity without affecting the stoichiometry of interacting partners. These tenets have been especially evident in the field of translation. Small molecule inhibitors were instrumental in enabling investigators to capture short-lived complexes and characterize specific steps of protein synthesis. In addition, several drugs that are the mainstay of modern antimicrobial drug therapy are potent inhibitors of prokaryotic translation. Currently, there is much interest in targeting eukaryotic translation as decades of research have revealed that deregulated protein synthesis in cancer cells represents a targetable vulnerability. In addition to being potential therapeutics, small molecules that manipulate translation have also been shown to influence cognitive processes such as memory. In this review, we focus on small molecule modulators that target the eukaryotic translation initiation apparatus and provide an update on their potential application to the treatment of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Chu
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Jerry Pelletier
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada.,Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada.,Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
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12
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Finkel Y, Stern‐Ginossar N, Schwartz M. Viral Short ORFs and Their Possible Functions. Proteomics 2018; 18:e1700255. [PMID: 29150926 PMCID: PMC7167739 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201700255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Definition of functional genomic elements is one of the greater challenges of the genomic era. Traditionally, putative short open reading frames (sORFs) coding for less than 100 amino acids were disregarded due to computational and experimental limitations; however, it has become clear over the past several years that translation of sORFs is pervasive and serves diverse functions. The development of ribosome profiling, allowing identification of translated sequences genome wide, revealed wide spread, previously unidentified translation events. New computational methodologies as well as improved mass spectrometry approaches also contributed to the task of annotating translated sORFs in different organisms. Viruses are of special interest due to the selective pressure on their genome size, their rapid and confining evolution, and the potential contribution of novel peptides to the host immune response. Indeed, many functional viral sORFs were characterized to date, and ribosome profiling analyses suggest that this may be the tip of the iceberg. Our computational analyses of sORFs identified by ribosome profiling in DNA viruses demonstrate that they may be enriched in specific features implying that at least some of them are functional. Combination of systematic genome editing strategies with synthetic tagging will take us into the next step-elucidation of the biological relevance and function of this intriguing class of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaara Finkel
- Department of Molecular GeneticsWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | | | - Michal Schwartz
- Department of Molecular GeneticsWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
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13
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Wang L, Zhao L, Wei G, Saur D, Seidler B, Wang J, Wang C, Qi T. Homoharringtonine could induce quick protein synthesis of PSMD11 through activating MEK1/ERK1/2 signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer cells. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:6644-6656. [PMID: 29665121 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most devastating disease with the 5-year survival rate less than 6%. In this study, we investigated if inhibiting protein synthesis directly with homoharringtonine (HHT) could induce acute apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells through quick depletion of multiple short-lived critical members of the central proteome, example, PSMD11(26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 11). It was shown that although HHT could inhibit proliferation and growth of MiaPaCa-2 and PANC-1 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner, only part of pancreatic cancer cells could be induced to die through acute apoptosis. Mechanistic studies showed that HHT could induce quick protein synthesis of PSMD11 through activating MEK1/ERK1/2 signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer cells. Inhibiting MEK1/ERK1/2 pathway with sorafenib could improve the cytotoxity of HHT in vitro and in a genetically engineered mouse model of pancreatic cancer. These results suggest that quick induction of PSMD11 or other acute apoptosis inhibitors through activation of the MEK1/ERK1/2 signaling pathway may be one of the important surviving mechanism which can help pancreatic cancer cells avoid acute apoptosis, it may have significant implications for the targeted therapy of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lele Wang
- Central Research Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Linlin Zhao
- Central Research Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guo Wei
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Dieter Saur
- The II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Barbara Seidler
- The II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Junyan Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, China
| | - Chuanxin Wang
- Central Research Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tonggang Qi
- Central Research Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The Third People's Hospital of Tibet, Central Laboratory, Lhasa, China
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14
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Zhou H, Xu RZ, Gu Y, Shi PF, Qian S. Targeting of phospho-eIF4E by homoharringtonine eradicates a distinct subset of human acute myeloid leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2018; 61:1084-1096. [PMID: 29334312 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1390229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
More than half of the patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) fail to achieve long-term disease-free survival with current therapies and novel therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. The effects of homoharringtonine (HHT) on the growth of AML cell lines and primary leukemia cells were examined using MTT, colony formation assay. The effects of HHT on both eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) and phospho-eIF4E(p-eIF4E) were examined through western blot and immunofluorescence staining. HHT selectively reduced levels of p-eIF4E and its downstream oncoprotein Mcl-1, and potently inhibited in vitro and in vivo the growth of a distinct subset of AML cells and primary leukemia cells expressing high level of p-eIF4E through apoptosis. Our findings suggest that HHT might be a first-in-class p-eIF4E-targeted drug and offer a novel therapeutic option for AML patients expressing high level of p-eIF4E.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Rong Zhen Xu
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, PR China.,Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Ying Gu
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, PR China.,Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Peng Fei Shi
- Department of Hematology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Shenxian Qian
- Department of Hematology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, PR China
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15
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Hetherington AM, Sawyez CG, Sutherland BG, Robson DL, Arya R, Kelly K, Jacobs RL, Borradaile NM. Treatment with didemnin B, an elongation factor 1A inhibitor, improves hepatic lipotoxicity in obese mice. Physiol Rep 2017; 4:4/17/e12963. [PMID: 27613825 PMCID: PMC5027364 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic elongation factor EEF1A1 is induced by oxidative and ER stress, and contributes to subsequent cell death in many cell types, including hepatocytes. We recently showed that blocking the protein synthesis activity of EEF1A1 with the peptide inhibitor, didemnin B, decreases saturated fatty acid overload-induced cell death in HepG2 cells. In light of this and other recent work suggesting that limiting protein synthesis may be beneficial in treating ER stress-related disease, we hypothesized that acute intervention with didemnin B would decrease hepatic ER stress and lipotoxicity in obese mice with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Hyperphagic male ob/ob mice were fed semipurified diet for 4 weeks, and during week 5 received i.p. injections of didemnin B or vehicle on days 1, 4, and 7. Interestingly, we observed that administration of this compound modestly decreased food intake without evidence of illness or distress, and thus included an additional control group matched for food consumption with didemnin B-treated animals. Treatment with didemnin B improved several characteristics of hepatic lipotoxicity to a greater extent than the effects of caloric restriction alone, including hepatic steatosis, and some hepatic markers of ER stress and inflammation (GRP78, Xbp1s, and Mcp1). Plasma lipid and lipoprotein profiles and histopathological measures of NAFLD, including lobular inflammation, and total NAFLD activity score were also improved by didemnin B. These data indicate that acute intervention with the EEF1A inhibitor, didemnin B, improves hepatic lipotoxicity in obese mice with NAFLD through mechanisms not entirely dependent on decreased food intake, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for this ER stress-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M Hetherington
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cynthia G Sawyez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University, London, Ontario, Canada Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University, London, Ontario, Canada Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian G Sutherland
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Debra L Robson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rigya Arya
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen Kelly
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - René L Jacobs
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nica M Borradaile
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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16
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Pérard-Viret J, Quteishat L, Alsalim R, Royer J, Dumas F. Cephalotaxus Alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2017; 78:205-352. [PMID: 28838429 PMCID: PMC7110560 DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cephalotaxus alkaloids represent a family of plant secondary metabolites known for 60 years. Significant activity against leukemia in mice was demonstrated for extracts of Cephalotaxus. Cephalotaxine (CET) (1), the major alkaloid of this series was isolated from Cephalotaxus drupacea species by Paudler in 1963. The subsequent discovery of promising antitumor activity among new Cephalotaxus derivatives reported by Chinese, Japanese, and American teams triggered extensive structure elucidation and biological studies in this family. The structural feature of this cephalotaxane family relies mainly on its tetracyclic alkaloid backbone, which comprises an azaspiranic 1-azaspiro[4.4]nonane unit (rings C and D) and a benzazepine ring system (rings A and B), which is linked by its C3 alcohol function to a chiral oxygenated side chain by a carboxylic function alpha to a tetrasubstituted carbon center. The botanical distribution of these alkaloids is limited to the Cephalotaxus genus (Cephalotaxaceae). The scope of biological activities of the Cephalotaxus alkaloids is mainly centered on the antileukemic activity of homoharringtonine (HHT) (2), which in particular demonstrated marked benefits in the treatment of orphan myeloid leukemia and was approved as soon as 2009 by European Medicine Agency and by US Food and Drug Administration in 2012. Its exact mechanism of action was partly elucidated and it was early recognized that HHT (2) inhibited protein synthesis at the level of the ribosome machinery. Interestingly, after a latency period of two decades, the topic of Cephalotaxus alkaloids reemerged as a prolific source of new natural structures. To date, more than 70 compounds have been identified and characterized. Synthetic studies also regained attention during the past two decades, and numerous methodologies were developed to access the first semisynthetic HHT (2) of high purity suitable for clinical studies, and then high grade enantiomerically pure CET (1), HHT (2), and analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle Pérard-Viret
- Université Paris Descartes, CNRS, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Laith Quteishat
- Université Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Rana Alsalim
- Université Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Jacques Royer
- Université Paris Descartes, CNRS, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Françoise Dumas
- Université Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
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17
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Dalet A, Argüello RJ, Combes A, Spinelli L, Jaeger S, Fallet M, Vu Manh TP, Mendes A, Perego J, Reverendo M, Camosseto V, Dalod M, Weil T, Santos MA, Gatti E, Pierre P. Protein synthesis inhibition and GADD34 control IFN-β heterogeneous expression in response to dsRNA. EMBO J 2017; 36:761-782. [PMID: 28100675 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201695000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In innate immune responses, induction of type-I interferons (IFNs) prevents virus spreading while viral replication is delayed by protein synthesis inhibition. We asked how cells perform these apparently contradictory activities. Using single fibroblast monitoring by flow cytometry and mathematical modeling, we demonstrate that type-I IFN production is linked to cell's ability to enter dsRNA-activated PKR-dependent translational arrest and then overcome this inhibition by decreasing eIF2α phosphorylation through phosphatase 1c cofactor GADD34 (Ppp1r15a) expression. GADD34 expression, shown here to be dependent on the IRF3 transcription factor, is responsible for a biochemical cycle permitting pulse of IFN synthesis to occur in cells undergoing protein synthesis inhibition. Translation arrest is further demonstrated to be key for anti-viral response by acting synergistically with MAVS activation to amplify TBK1 signaling and IFN-β mRNA transcription, while GADD34-dependent protein synthesis recovery contributes to the heterogeneous expression of IFN observed in dsRNA-activated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Dalet
- CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | | | - Alexis Combes
- CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Lionel Spinelli
- CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | | | - Mathieu Fallet
- CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | | | - Andreia Mendes
- CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Jessica Perego
- CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | | | - Voahirana Camosseto
- CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France.,International associated laboratory (LIA) CNRS "Mistra", Marseille, France
| | - Marc Dalod
- CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Tobias Weil
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine - iBiMED and Aveiro Health Sciences Program, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Manuel A Santos
- International associated laboratory (LIA) CNRS "Mistra", Marseille, France.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine - iBiMED and Aveiro Health Sciences Program, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Evelina Gatti
- CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France .,International associated laboratory (LIA) CNRS "Mistra", Marseille, France.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine - iBiMED and Aveiro Health Sciences Program, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Philippe Pierre
- CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France .,International associated laboratory (LIA) CNRS "Mistra", Marseille, France.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine - iBiMED and Aveiro Health Sciences Program, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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18
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Gu Y, Zhou H, Gan Y, Zhang J, Chen J, Gan X, Li H, Zheng W, Meng Z, Ma X, Wang X, Xu X, Xu G, Lu X, Liang Y, Zhang X, Lu X, Huang W, Xu R. Small-molecule induction of phospho-eIF4E sumoylation and degradation via targeting its phosphorylated serine 209 residue. Oncotarget 2016; 6:15111-21. [PMID: 25915158 PMCID: PMC4558139 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
As phospho-eIF4E (p-eIF4E), unlike total eIF4E (t-eIF4E) essential for normal cells, is specifically required by cancer cells, it is an attractive, yet unrealized, target for anti-tumor intervention. Here we identify a small molecule, homoharringtonine (HHT), that antagonizes p-eIF4E function and eradicates acute myeloid leukemia (AML) expressing high level of p-eIF4E in vitro and in vivo. HHT selectively reduces p-eIF4E levels of leukemia cells without affecting t-eIF4E. HHT targets the phosphorylated serine 209 residue of p-eIF4E and induces p-eIF4E oligomerization, which enhances its interaction with the small ubiquitin-like protein modifier (SUMO)-conjugating enzyme UBC9, resulting in proteasome-dependent degradation of p-eIF4E via SUMO2/3-mediated SUMOylation. These results suggest that the phosphorylated serine 209 residue of p-eIF4E might be a potential target for developing small molecule-based new therapies for leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gu
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.,Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.,Division of Molecular Diabetes Research, Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.,Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yichao Gan
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.,Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.,Division of Molecular Diabetes Research, Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jianghua Chen
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.,Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Xiaoxian Gan
- Division of Molecular Diabetes Research, Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.,Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Hongzhi Li
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Weiwei Zheng
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.,Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Zhipeng Meng
- Division of Molecular Diabetes Research, Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Xiaoxiao Ma
- Division of Molecular Diabetes Research, Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Xichun Wang
- Division of Molecular Diabetes Research, Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Xiaohua Xu
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Ganyu Xu
- Division of Molecular Diabetes Research, Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Xiaoya Lu
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.,Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yun Liang
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Xuzhao Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Xinliang Lu
- Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Wendong Huang
- Division of Molecular Diabetes Research, Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Rongzhen Xu
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.,Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
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19
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Oblinger JL, Burns SS, Akhmametyeva EM, Huang J, Pan L, Ren Y, Shen R, Miles-Markley B, Moberly AC, Kinghorn AD, Welling DB, Chang LS. Components of the eIF4F complex are potential therapeutic targets for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors and vestibular schwannomas. Neuro Oncol 2016; 18:1265-77. [PMID: 26951381 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/now032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The eukaryotic initiation factor 4F (eIF4F) complex plays a pivotal role in protein translation initiation; however, its importance in malignant and benign Schwann cell tumors has not been explored, and whether blocking eIF4F function is effective for treating these tumors is not known. METHODS Immunostaining was performed on human malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) and vestibular schwannomas (VSs) for eIF4F components. The role of eIF4A and eIF4E in cell growth was assessed by RNA interference. Various natural compounds were screened for their growth-inhibitory activity. Flow cytometry and Western blotting were performed to characterize the action of silvestrol, and its antitumor activity was verified in orthotopic mouse models. RESULTS MPNSTs and VSs frequently overexpressed eIF4A, eIF4E, and/or eIF4G. Depletion of eIF4A1, eIF4A2, and eIF4E substantially reduced MPNST cell growth. From screening a panel of plant-derived compounds, the eIF4A inhibitor silvestrol was identified as a leading agent with nanomolar IC50 values in MPNST and VS cells. Silvestrol induced G2/M arrest in both NF1-deficient and NF1-expressing MPNST cells and primary VS cells. Silvestrol consistently decreased the levels of multiple cyclins, Aurora A, and mitogenic kinases AKT and ERKs. Silvestrol treatment dramatically suppressed tumor growth in mouse models for NF1(-/-) MPNST and Nf2(-/-) schwannoma. This decreased tumor growth was accompanied by elevated phospho-histone H3 and TUNEL labeling, consistent with G2/M arrest and apoptosis in silvestrol-treated tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS The eIF4F complex is a potential therapeutic target in MPNSTs and VS, and silvestrol may be a promising agent for treating these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet L Oblinger
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (J.L.O, S.S.B, E.M.A, J.H., L.-S.C.); Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (J.L.O, S.S.B, B.M.M, A.C.M, D.B.W, L.-S.C.); Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (R.S., L.-S.C.); Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, Columbus, Ohio (L.P., Y.R., A.D.K.)
| | - Sarah S Burns
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (J.L.O, S.S.B, E.M.A, J.H., L.-S.C.); Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (J.L.O, S.S.B, B.M.M, A.C.M, D.B.W, L.-S.C.); Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (R.S., L.-S.C.); Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, Columbus, Ohio (L.P., Y.R., A.D.K.)
| | - Elena M Akhmametyeva
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (J.L.O, S.S.B, E.M.A, J.H., L.-S.C.); Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (J.L.O, S.S.B, B.M.M, A.C.M, D.B.W, L.-S.C.); Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (R.S., L.-S.C.); Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, Columbus, Ohio (L.P., Y.R., A.D.K.)
| | - Jie Huang
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (J.L.O, S.S.B, E.M.A, J.H., L.-S.C.); Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (J.L.O, S.S.B, B.M.M, A.C.M, D.B.W, L.-S.C.); Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (R.S., L.-S.C.); Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, Columbus, Ohio (L.P., Y.R., A.D.K.)
| | - Li Pan
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (J.L.O, S.S.B, E.M.A, J.H., L.-S.C.); Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (J.L.O, S.S.B, B.M.M, A.C.M, D.B.W, L.-S.C.); Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (R.S., L.-S.C.); Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, Columbus, Ohio (L.P., Y.R., A.D.K.)
| | - Yulin Ren
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (J.L.O, S.S.B, E.M.A, J.H., L.-S.C.); Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (J.L.O, S.S.B, B.M.M, A.C.M, D.B.W, L.-S.C.); Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (R.S., L.-S.C.); Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, Columbus, Ohio (L.P., Y.R., A.D.K.)
| | - Rulong Shen
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (J.L.O, S.S.B, E.M.A, J.H., L.-S.C.); Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (J.L.O, S.S.B, B.M.M, A.C.M, D.B.W, L.-S.C.); Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (R.S., L.-S.C.); Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, Columbus, Ohio (L.P., Y.R., A.D.K.)
| | - Beth Miles-Markley
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (J.L.O, S.S.B, E.M.A, J.H., L.-S.C.); Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (J.L.O, S.S.B, B.M.M, A.C.M, D.B.W, L.-S.C.); Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (R.S., L.-S.C.); Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, Columbus, Ohio (L.P., Y.R., A.D.K.)
| | - Aaron C Moberly
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (J.L.O, S.S.B, E.M.A, J.H., L.-S.C.); Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (J.L.O, S.S.B, B.M.M, A.C.M, D.B.W, L.-S.C.); Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (R.S., L.-S.C.); Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, Columbus, Ohio (L.P., Y.R., A.D.K.)
| | - A Douglas Kinghorn
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (J.L.O, S.S.B, E.M.A, J.H., L.-S.C.); Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (J.L.O, S.S.B, B.M.M, A.C.M, D.B.W, L.-S.C.); Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (R.S., L.-S.C.); Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, Columbus, Ohio (L.P., Y.R., A.D.K.)
| | - D Bradley Welling
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (J.L.O, S.S.B, E.M.A, J.H., L.-S.C.); Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (J.L.O, S.S.B, B.M.M, A.C.M, D.B.W, L.-S.C.); Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (R.S., L.-S.C.); Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, Columbus, Ohio (L.P., Y.R., A.D.K.)
| | - Long-Sheng Chang
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (J.L.O, S.S.B, E.M.A, J.H., L.-S.C.); Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (J.L.O, S.S.B, B.M.M, A.C.M, D.B.W, L.-S.C.); Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (R.S., L.-S.C.); Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, Columbus, Ohio (L.P., Y.R., A.D.K.)
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Popa A, Lebrigand K, Barbry P, Waldmann R. Pateamine A-sensitive ribosome profiling reveals the scope of translation in mouse embryonic stem cells. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:52. [PMID: 26764022 PMCID: PMC4712605 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2384-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Open reading frames are common in long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and 5’UTRs of protein coding transcripts (uORFs). The question of whether those ORFs are translated was recently addressed by several groups using ribosome profiling. Most of those studies concluded that certain lncRNAs and uORFs are translated, essentially based on computational analysis of ribosome footprints. However, major discrepancies remain on the scope of translation and the translational status of individual ORFs. In consequence, further criteria are required to reliably identify translated ORFs from ribosome profiling data. Results We examined the effect of the translation inhibitors pateamine A, harringtonine and puromycin on murine ES cell ribosome footprints. We found that pateamine A, a drug that targets eIF4A, allows a far more accurate identification of translated sequences than previously used drugs and computational scoring schemes. Our data show that at least one third but less than two thirds of ES cell lncRNAs are translated. We also identified translated uORFs in hundreds of annotated coding transcripts including key pluripotency transcripts, such as dicer, lin28, trim71, and ctcf. Conclusion Pateamine A inhibition data clearly increase the precision of the detection of translated ORFs in ribosome profiling experiments. Our data show that translation of lncRNAs and uORFs in murine ES cells is rather common although less pervasive than previously suggested. The observation of translated uORFs in several key pluripotency transcripts suggests that translational regulation by uORFs might be part of the network that defines mammalian stem cell identity. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2384-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Popa
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IPMC), University Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, F06560, Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Kevin Lebrigand
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IPMC), University Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, F06560, Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Pascal Barbry
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IPMC), University Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, F06560, Sophia-Antipolis, France.
| | - Rainer Waldmann
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IPMC), University Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, F06560, Sophia-Antipolis, France
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21
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Abstract
Viral genomes harbor a variety of unusual translational phenomena that allow them to pack coding information more densely and evade host restriction mechanisms imposed by the cellular translational apparatus. Annotating translated sequences within these genomes thus poses particular challenges, but identifying the full complement of proteins encoded by a virus is critical for understanding its life cycle and defining the epitopes it presents for immune surveillance. Ribosome profiling is an emerging technique for global analysis of translation that offers direct and experimental annotation of viral genomes. Ribosome profiling has been applied to two herpesvirus genomes, those of human cytomegalovirus and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, revealing translated sequences within presumptive long noncoding RNAs and identifying other micropeptides. Synthesis of these proteins has been confirmed by mass spectrometry and by identifying T cell responses following infection. Ribosome profiling in other viruses will likely expand further our understanding of viral gene regulation and the proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noam Stern-Ginossar
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel;
| | - Nicholas T Ingolia
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720;
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22
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Masi M, Frolova LV, Yu X, Mathieu V, Cimmino A, De Carvalho A, Kiss R, Rogelj S, Pertsemlidis A, Kornienko A, Evidente A. Jonquailine, a new pretazettine-type alkaloid isolated from Narcissus jonquilla quail, with activity against drug-resistant cancer. Fitoterapia 2015; 102:41-8. [PMID: 25598189 PMCID: PMC4942186 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A new alkaloid, belonging to the pretazettine group of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, was isolated from dried bulbs of Narcissus jonquilla quail and named jonquailine. Its structure, including the absolute configuration, was elucidated using various NMR, ECD and ESI MS techniques. Initial biological evaluation revealed significant antiproliferative effects against glioblastoma, melanoma, uterine sarcoma and non-small-cell lung cancer cells displaying various forms of drug resistance, including resistance to apoptosis and multi-drug resistance. Jonquailine was also found to synergize with paclitaxel in its antiproliferative action against drug-resistant lung cancer cells. The results obtained compared with literature data also showed that the hydroxylation at C-8 is an important feature for the anticancer activity but this seems unaffected by the stereochemistry or the acetalization of the lactol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Masi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Universita' di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Liliya V Frolova
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Tech, 801 Leroy Place, Socorro, NM 87801, USA; Department of Biology, New Mexico Tech, 801 Leroy Place, Socorro, NM 87801, USA
| | - Xiaojie Yu
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, 8403 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Véronique Mathieu
- Laboratoire de Cancérologie et de Toxicologie Expérimentale, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alessio Cimmino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Universita' di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Annelise De Carvalho
- Laboratoire de Cancérologie et de Toxicologie Expérimentale, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Robert Kiss
- Laboratoire de Cancérologie et de Toxicologie Expérimentale, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Snezna Rogelj
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Tech, 801 Leroy Place, Socorro, NM 87801, USA; Department of Biology, New Mexico Tech, 801 Leroy Place, Socorro, NM 87801, USA
| | - Alexander Pertsemlidis
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, 8403 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Alexander Kornienko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA.
| | - Antonio Evidente
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Universita' di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy.
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Methot SP, Litzler LC, Trajtenberg F, Zahn A, Robert F, Pelletier J, Buschiazzo A, Magor BG, Di Noia JM. Consecutive interactions with HSP90 and eEF1A underlie a functional maturation and storage pathway of AID in the cytoplasm. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 212:581-96. [PMID: 25824822 PMCID: PMC4387293 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20141157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Methot et al. identify a mechanism for cytoplasmic retention of activation-induced deaminase (AID) in cells. Interactions of AID with Hsp90 and eEF1A proteins, both of which stabilize AID, promote sequential folding and retention of functional AID in the cytoplasm. Inhibition of the translation elongation factor eEF1A blocks its interaction with AID, which then accumulates in the nucleus, increasing class switch recombination and the generation of chromosomal translocation byproducts. Activation-induced deaminase (AID) initiates mutagenic pathways to diversify the antibody genes during immune responses. The access of AID to the nucleus is limited by CRM1-mediated nuclear export and by an uncharacterized mechanism of cytoplasmic retention. Here, we define a conformational motif in AID that dictates its cytoplasmic retention and demonstrate that the translation elongation factor eukaryotic elongation factor 1 α (eEF1A) is necessary for AID cytoplasmic sequestering. The mechanism is independent of protein synthesis but dependent on a tRNA-free form of eEF1A. Inhibiting eEF1A prevents the interaction with AID, which accumulates in the nucleus and increases class switch recombination as well as chromosomal translocation byproducts. Most AID is associated to unspecified cytoplasmic complexes. We find that the interactions of AID with eEF1A and heat-shock protein 90 kD (HSP90) are inversely correlated. Despite both interactions stabilizing AID, the nature of the AID fractions associated with HSP90 or eEF1A are different, defining two complexes that sequentially produce and store functional AID in the cytoplasm. In addition, nuclear export and cytoplasmic retention cooperate to exclude AID from the nucleus but might not be functionally equivalent. Our results elucidate the molecular basis of AID cytoplasmic retention, define its functional relevance and distinguish it from other mechanisms regulating AID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P Methot
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada Department of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, The Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Center, and Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Ludivine C Litzler
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada Department of Biochemistry and Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Felipe Trajtenberg
- Unit of Protein Crystallography, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
| | - Astrid Zahn
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Francis Robert
- Department of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, The Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Center, and Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Jerry Pelletier
- Department of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, The Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Center, and Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 0G4, Canada Department of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, The Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Center, and Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 0G4, Canada Department of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, The Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Center, and Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Alejandro Buschiazzo
- Unit of Protein Crystallography, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Brad G Magor
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Javier M Di Noia
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada Department of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, The Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Center, and Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 0G4, Canada Department of Biochemistry and Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3T 1J4, Canada Department of Biochemistry and Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3T 1J4, Canada
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24
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Cortes JE, Kantarjian HM, Rea D, Wetzler M, Lipton JH, Akard L, Khoury HJ, Michallet M, Guerci-Bresler A, Chuah C, Hellmann A, Digumarti R, Parikh PM, Legros L, Warzocha K, Baccarani M, Li E, Munteanu M, Nicolini FE. Final analysis of the efficacy and safety of omacetaxine mepesuccinate in patients with chronic- or accelerated-phase chronic myeloid leukemia: Results with 24 months of follow-up. Cancer 2015; 121:1637-44. [PMID: 25586015 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.29240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Omacetaxine, a protein synthesis inhibitor, is indicated in the United States for the treatment of patients with chronic-phase (CP) or accelerated-phase (AP) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with resistance and/or intolerance to 2 or more tyrosine kinase inhibitors. METHODS The final analysis, with 24 months of follow-up, included additional efficacy and safety analyses to assess the benefit of long-term omacetaxine administration (1.25 mg/m(2) twice daily for 14 days every 28 days followed by 7 days every 28 days) in CP-CML and AP-CML patients receiving >3 cycles. RESULTS Eighteen percent of CP-CML patients achieved a major cytogenetic response (MCyR) with a median duration of 12.5 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.5 months to not reached [NR]); responses were maintained for ≥12 months in 3 of 14 responders, and the median overall survival (OS) was 40.3 months (95% CI, 23.8 months to NR). Among patients with AP-CML, 14% achieved or maintained a major hematologic response for a median of 4.7 months (95% CI, 3.6 months to NR); MCyR was not achieved, and the median OS was 14.3 months (95% CI, 6.7-18.7 months). In patients with CP-CML and patients with AP-CML who received >3 cycles of treatment (n = 50 and n = 14, respectively), the median OS was 49.3 months (95% CI, 23.8 months to NR) and 24.6 months (95% CI, 12-37.2 months), respectively. Grade 3 or higher hematologic toxicities were the major side effects (79% and 73% for CP-CML and AP-CML, respectively), with discontinuation due to toxicity in 10% of CP patients and in 5% of AP patients. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the long-term administration of omacetaxine is feasible with dose adjustments to manage toxicities and that omacetaxine provides a durable benefit for some patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge E Cortes
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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25
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Watari A, Hashegawa M, Yagi K, Kondoh M. Homoharringtonine increases intestinal epithelial permeability by modulating specific claudin isoforms in Caco-2 cell monolayers. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2014; 89:232-8. [PMID: 25513955 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2014.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 11/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Homoharringtonine (HHT), a natural alkaloid produced by various Cephalotaxus species, has antileukemic activity in acute and chronic myelogenous leukemia. However, HHT can also induce unanticipated effects in the gastrointestinal tract, such as diarrhea and nausea/vomiting, but the mechanism behind these adverse effects has not been clarified. In the present study, we show that HHT affects the epithelial permeability of intestinal Caco-2 cell monolayers. HHT reduced the transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) of Caco-2 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The HHT effect was reversible and no cytotoxicity was observed at the concentrations used. HHT simultaneously increased the paracellular flux of the 4 kDa and 40 kDa FITC-dextrans associated with the TER reduction. Immunoblotting analysis revealed that HHT decreased the protein expression of TJ components such as claudin-3, -5, and -7. However, the transcription levels of these claudins were not repressed by HHT treatment. HHT also disturbed the cellular localization of claudin-1 and -4. These changes coincided with the reduced barrier function. Our findings suggest that HHT enhances the paracellular permeability of Caco-2 cell monolayers by modulating the protein expression and localization of claudin isoforms; these actions might be responsible for the gastrointestinal effects of HHT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Watari
- Laboratory of Bio-Functional Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
| | - Maki Hashegawa
- Laboratory of Bio-Functional Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Kiyohito Yagi
- Laboratory of Bio-Functional Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Masuo Kondoh
- Laboratory of Bio-Functional Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
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26
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Sievert H, Pällmann N, Miller KK, Hermans-Borgmeyer I, Venz S, Sendoel A, Preukschas M, Schweizer M, Boettcher S, Janiesch PC, Streichert T, Walther R, Hengartner MO, Manz MG, Brümmendorf TH, Bokemeyer C, Braig M, Hauber J, Duncan KE, Balabanov S. A novel mouse model for inhibition of DOHH-mediated hypusine modification reveals a crucial function in embryonic development, proliferation and oncogenic transformation. Dis Model Mech 2014; 7:963-76. [PMID: 24832488 PMCID: PMC4107325 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.014449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The central importance of translational control by post-translational modification has spurred major interest in regulatory pathways that control translation. One such pathway uniquely adds hypusine to eukaryotic initiation factor 5A (eIF5A), and thereby affects protein synthesis and, subsequently, cellular proliferation through an unknown mechanism. Using a novel conditional knockout mouse model and a Caenorhabditis elegans knockout model, we found an evolutionarily conserved role for the DOHH-mediated second step of hypusine synthesis in early embryonic development. At the cellular level, we observed reduced proliferation and induction of senescence in 3T3 Dohh-/- cells as well as reduced capability for malignant transformation. Furthermore, mass spectrometry showed that deletion of DOHH results in an unexpected complete loss of hypusine modification. Our results provide new biological insight into the physiological roles of the second step of the hypusination of eIF5A. Moreover, the conditional mouse model presented here provides a powerful tool for manipulating hypusine modification in a temporal and spatial manner, to analyse both how this unique modification normally functions in vivo as well as how it contributes to different pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henning Sievert
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumor Zentrum, University Hospital Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nora Pällmann
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumor Zentrum, University Hospital Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany. Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharine K Miller
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Irm Hermans-Borgmeyer
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simone Venz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ataman Sendoel
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland. Division of Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Preukschas
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumor Zentrum, University Hospital Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michaela Schweizer
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Steffen Boettcher
- Division of Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P Christoph Janiesch
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Streichert
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital of Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany
| | - Reinhard Walther
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Michael O Hengartner
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markus G Manz
- Division of Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tim H Brümmendorf
- Clinic for Internal Medicine IV, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Carsten Bokemeyer
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumor Zentrum, University Hospital Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Braig
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumor Zentrum, University Hospital Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joachim Hauber
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kent E Duncan
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Balabanov
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumor Zentrum, University Hospital Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany. Division of Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
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Synthesis of the antiproliferative agent hippuristanol and its analogues from hydrocortisone via Hg(II)-catalyzed spiroketalization: structure-activity relationship. J Med Chem 2014; 57:2511-23. [PMID: 24588834 DOI: 10.1021/jm401799j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of hippuristanol (1), a marine-derived highly potent antiproliferative steroidal natural product, and nine closely related analogues has been accomplished from the commercially available hydrocortisone utilizing Hg(II)-catalyzed spiroketalization of 3-alkyne-1,7-diol motif as a key strategy. This practical synthetic sequence furnished 1 in 11% overall yield from hydrocortisone in 15 linear steps. Modifications to the parent molecule 1 encompassed changing the functional groups on rings A and E. Each analogue was screened for their effects on inhibition of cap-dependent translation, and the assay results were used to establish structure-activity relationships. These results suggest that the stereochemistry and all substituents of spiroketal portion (rings E and F) and C3-α and C11-β hydroxyl functional groups on rings A and C, respectively, are critical for the inhibitory activity of natural product 1.
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Shim G, Lee S, Choi J, Lee S, Kim CW, Oh YK. Liposomal co-delivery of omacetaxine mepesuccinate and doxorubicin for synergistic potentiation of antitumor activity. Pharm Res 2014; 31:2178-85. [PMID: 24562810 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-014-1317-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Anticancer chemotherapy usually involves the administration of several anticancer drugs that differ in their action mechanisms. Here, we aimed to test whether the combination of omacetaxine mepesuccinate (OMT) and doxorubicin (DOX) could show synergism, and whether the liposomal co-delivery of these two drugs could enhance their antitumor effects in cervical carcinoma model. METHOD OMT-loaded liposomes (OL) were prepared by loading the drug in the lipid bilayers. OL were then electrostatically complexed with DOX, yielding double-loaded liposomes (DOL). DOX-loaded liposomes (DL) were formulated by electrostatic interaction with negatively charged empty liposomes (EL). The combination index (CI) values were calculated to evaluate the synergism of two drugs. In vitro antitumor effects against HeLa cells were measured using CCK-8, calcein staining, and crystal violet staining. In vivo antitumor effects of various liposomes were tested using HeLa cell-bearing mice. RESULTS Combination of DOX and OMT had ratio-dependent synergistic activities, with very strong synergism observed at a molar ratio of 4:1 (DOX:OMT). The sizes of EL, DL, OL, and DOL did not significantly differ, but the zeta potentials of DL and DOL were slightly higher than those of OL and EL. In vitro, DOL showed higher antitumor activity than OL, DL or EL in cervical carcinoma HeLa cells. In vivo, unlike other liposomes, DOL reduced the tumor growths by 98.6% and 97.3% relative to the untreated control on day 15 and 25 after the cessation of treatment, respectively. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that liposomal co-delivery of DOX and OMT could synergistically potentiate antitumor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayong Shim
- College of Pharmacy Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Daehak-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Korea
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Gandhi V, Plunkett W, Cortes JE. Omacetaxine: a protein translation inhibitor for treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:1735-40. [PMID: 24501394 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-1283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is driven by the Bcr-Abl fusion protein, which is a result of a (9;22) chromosomal translocation. Imatinib, dasatinib, and nilotinib (tyrosine kinase inhibitors, TKI) have revolutionized how CML is treated. Although the majority of patients respond to these kinase inhibitors, a subset becomes resistant to these therapeutics. Synribo (omacetaxine mepesuccinate) was recently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for Philadelphia-positive CML either in the chronic or the accelerated phase whose disease failed two prior TKIs. With omacetaxine 1.25 mg/m(2) twice daily for 14 days during induction and for 7 days during maintenance, a major cytogenetic response occurred in 20% of patients in the chronic phase and major hematologic response in 27% of patients in the accelerated phase. Laboratory investigations unraveled the mechanism of action and effectiveness of this agent. Bcr-Abl protein is intrinsically programmed to turn over with a short half-life that makes it susceptible to protein translation inhibitors. Omacetaxine (homoharringtonine) inhibits total protein biosynthesis by binding to A-site cleft of ribosomes. As a corollary to this action, there is a diminution of short-lived proteins, such as Bcr-Abl, followed by cell death. Approval of this first-in-class protein translation inhibitor opens up new avenues for its use in other diseases as well as mechanism-based combinations.
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MESH Headings
- Drug Approval
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Harringtonines/administration & dosage
- Homoharringtonine
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Protein Biosynthesis/drug effects
- United States
- United States Food and Drug Administration
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Gandhi
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Experimental Therapeutics and Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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Chen Y, Li S. Omacetaxine mepesuccinate in the treatment of intractable chronic myeloid leukemia. Onco Targets Ther 2014; 7:177-86. [PMID: 24516334 PMCID: PMC3916637 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s41786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In a significant proportion of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia, resistance to BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors develops due to acquisition of BCR-ABL kinase domain mutations and insensitivity of leukemia stem cells to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Omacetaxine mepesuccinate (formerly called homoharringtonine) is a natural alkaloid that inhibits protein synthesis and induces cell death. Omacetaxine mepesuccinate has been recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration to treat patients with chronic myeloid leukemia who failed to respond to multiple tyrosine kinase inhibitors and/or acquired the BCR-ABL-T315I mutation. In this review, we discuss the use and effectiveness of omacetaxine mepesuccinate in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia, with coverage of its pharmacology, mode of action, and pharmacokinetics. We believe that omacetaxine mepesuccinate will be beneficial to many patients with chronic myeloid leukemia who do not respond well to tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyu Chen
- Department of Oncology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Shaoguang Li
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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Ingolia NT, Brar GA, Rouskin S, McGeachy AM, Weissman JS. Genome-wide annotation and quantitation of translation by ribosome profiling. CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; Chapter 4:4.18.1-4.18.19. [PMID: 23821443 DOI: 10.1002/0471142727.mb0418s103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies highlight the importance of translational control in determining protein abundance, underscoring the value of measuring gene expression at the level of translation. A protocol for genome-wide, quantitative analysis of in vivo translation by deep sequencing is presented here. This ribosome-profiling approach maps the exact positions of ribosomes on transcripts by nuclease footprinting. The nuclease-protected mRNA fragments are converted into a DNA library suitable for deep sequencing using a strategy that minimizes bias. The abundance of different footprint fragments in deep sequencing data reports on the amount of translation of a gene. Additionally, footprints reveal the exact regions of the transcriptome that are translated. To better define translated reading frames, an adaptation that reveals the sites of translation initiation by pre-treating cells with harringtonine to immobilize initiating ribosomes is described. The protocol described requires 5 to 7 days to generate a completed ribosome profiling sequencing library. Sequencing and data analysis requires an additional 4 to 5 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas T Ingolia
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Activity of omacetaxine mepesuccinate against ponatinib-resistant BCR-ABL-positive cells. Blood 2013; 122:3086-8. [PMID: 24159169 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2013-04-494773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Nasr Z, Dow LE, Paquet M, Chu J, Ravindar K, Somaiah R, Deslongchamps P, Porco Jr JA, Lowe SW, Pelletier J. Suppression of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E prevents chemotherapy-induced alopecia. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2013; 14:58. [PMID: 24219888 PMCID: PMC4225821 DOI: 10.1186/2050-6511-14-58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy-induced hair loss (alopecia) (CIA) is one of the most feared side effects of chemotherapy among cancer patients. There is currently no pharmacological approach to minimize CIA, although one strategy that has been proposed involves protecting normal cells from chemotherapy by transiently inducing cell cycle arrest. Proof-of-concept for this approach, known as cyclotherapy, has been demonstrated in cell culture settings. METHODS The eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4E is a cap binding protein that stimulates ribosome recruitment to mRNA templates during the initiation phase of translation. Suppression of eIF4E is known to induce cell cycle arrest. Using a novel inducible and reversible transgenic mouse model that enables RNAi-mediated suppression of eIF4E in vivo, we assessed the consequences of temporal eIF4E suppression on CIA. RESULTS Our results demonstrate that transient inhibition of eIF4E protects against cyclophosphamide-induced alopecia at the organismal level. At the cellular level, this protection is associated with an accumulation of cells in G1, reduced apoptotic indices, and was phenocopied using small molecule inhibitors targeting the process of translation initiation. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide a rationale for exploring suppression of translation initiation as an approach to prevent or minimize cyclophosphamide-induced alopecia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeina Nasr
- Departments of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Lukas E Dow
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - Marilene Paquet
- Département de Pathologie et de Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S 2 M2, Canada
| | - Jennifer Chu
- Departments of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Kontham Ravindar
- Départment de Chimie, Université Laval, Ste-Foy, Quebec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Ragam Somaiah
- Départment de Chimie, Université Laval, Ste-Foy, Quebec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | | | - John A Porco Jr
- Center for Methodology and Library Development, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Ave., Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Scott W Lowe
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jerry Pelletier
- Departments of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
- The Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
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Baiz D, Hassan S, Choi YA, Flores A, Karpova Y, Yancey D, Pullikuth A, Sui G, Sadelain M, Debinski W, Kulik G. Combination of the PI3K inhibitor ZSTK474 with a PSMA-targeted immunotoxin accelerates apoptosis and regression of prostate cancer. Neoplasia 2013; 15:1172-83. [PMID: 24204196 PMCID: PMC3819633 DOI: 10.1593/neo.13986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is activated in most advanced prostate cancers, yet so far treatments with PI3K inhibitors have been at best tumorostatic in preclinical cancer models and do not show significant antitumor efficacy in clinical trials. Results from tissue culture experiments in prostate cancer cells suggest that PI3K inhibitors should be combined with other cytotoxic agents; however, the general toxicity of such combinations prevents translating these experimental data into preclinical and clinical models. We investigated the emerging concept of tumor-targeted synthetic lethality in prostate cancer cells by using the pan-PI3K inhibitor ZSTK474 and the immunotoxin J591PE, a protein chimera between the single-chain variable fragment of the monoclonal antibody J591 against the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and the truncated form of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A (PE38QQR). The combination of ZSTK474 and J591PE increased apoptosis within 6 hours and cell death (monitored at 24-48 hours) in the PSMA-expressing cells LNCaP, C4-2, and C4-2Luc but not in control cells that do not express PSMA (PC3 and BT549 cells). Mechanistic analysis suggested that induction of apoptosis requires Bcl-2-associated death promoter (BAD) dephosphorylation and decreased expression of myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein 1 (MCL-1). A single injection of ZSTK474 and J591PE into engrafted prostate cancer C4-2Luc cells led to consistent and stable reduction of luminescence within 6 days. These results suggest that the combination of a PI3K inhibitor and a PSMA-targeted protein synthesis inhibitor toxin represents a promising novel strategy for advanced prostate cancer therapy that should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Baiz
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Sazzad Hassan
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Young A Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Center of Excellence, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Anabel Flores
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Yelena Karpova
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Dana Yancey
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Ashok Pullikuth
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Guangchao Sui
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Michel Sadelain
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Waldemar Debinski
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Center of Excellence, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - George Kulik
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
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35
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Waldman YY, Geiger T, Ruppin E. A genome-wide systematic analysis reveals different and predictive proliferation expression signatures of cancerous vs. non-cancerous cells. PLoS Genet 2013; 9:e1003806. [PMID: 24068970 PMCID: PMC3778010 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding cell proliferation mechanisms has been a long-lasting goal of the scientific community and specifically of cancer researchers. Previous genome-scale studies of cancer proliferation determinants have mainly relied on knockdown screens aimed to gauge their effects on cancer growth. This powerful approach has several limitations such as off-target effects, partial knockdown, and masking effects due to functional backups. Here we employ a complementary approach and assign each gene a cancer Proliferation Index (cPI) that quantifies the association between its expression levels and growth rate measurements across 60 cancer cell lines. Reassuringly, genes found essential in cancer gene knockdown screens exhibit significant positive cPI values, while tumor suppressors exhibit significant negative cPI values. Cell cycle, DNA replication, splicing and protein production related processes are positively associated with cancer proliferation, while cellular migration is negatively associated with it – in accordance with the well known “go or grow” dichotomy. A parallel analysis of genes' non-cancerous proliferation indices (nPI) across 224 lymphoblastoid cell lines reveals surprisingly marked differences between cancerous and non-cancerous proliferation. These differences highlight genes in the translation and spliceosome machineries as selective cancer proliferation-associated proteins. A cross species comparison reveals that cancer proliferation resembles that of microorganisms while non-cancerous proliferation does not. Furthermore, combining cancerous and non-cancerous proliferation signatures leads to enhanced prediction of patient outcome and gene essentiality in cancer. Overall, these results point to an inherent difference between cancerous and non-cancerous proliferation determinants, whose understanding may contribute to the future development of novel cancer-specific anti-proliferative drugs. One of the hallmarks of cancer is uncontrolled cellular proliferation, and therefore many anti-cancer drugs aim to disrupt cancer proliferation. However, some of these drugs (e.g., chemotherapeutic agents) affect normal proliferating cells as well, resulting in undesirable side effects. Understanding the differences between cancerous and non-cancerous proliferation can help us design new selective drugs that kill cancer cells without harming normal cells. In this work, we use genome scale gene expression and growth rate measurements across 60 cancer cell lines (NCI-60) to uncover genetic determinants of cancerous proliferation. In parallel, gene expression and growth rate measurements of non-cancerous cell lines allow us to uncover determinants of non-cancerous proliferation. Notably, we find marked differences between the cancerous and non-cancerous proliferation. The two proliferation signatures can be used jointly to enhance the prediction of patient outcome in cancer. Notably, we find that certain genes in the translation and spliceosome machineries are involved in cancerous proliferation but not in non-cancerous proliferation, highlighting them as putative selective anti-cancer drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yedael Y. Waldman
- The Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- * E-mail: (YYW); (ER)
| | - Tamar Geiger
- The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eytan Ruppin
- The Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- * E-mail: (YYW); (ER)
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36
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Thuaud F, Ribeiro N, Nebigil CG, Désaubry L. Prohibitin ligands in cell death and survival: mode of action and therapeutic potential. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 20:316-31. [PMID: 23521790 PMCID: PMC7111013 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2013.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Prohibitins (PHBs) are scaffold proteins that modulate many signaling pathways controlling cell survival, metabolism, and inflammation. Several drugs that target PHBs have been identified and evaluated for various clinical applications. Preclinical and clinical studies indicate that these PHB ligands may be useful in oncology, cardiology, and neurology, as well as against obesity. This review covers the physiological role of PHBs in health and diseases and current developments concerning PHB ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Thuaud
- Therapeutic Innovation Laboratory UMR 7200, CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 67401 Illkirch Cedex, France
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey H Lipton
- University Health Network, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Avenue 15-413, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada ;
| | - Dennis (Dong Hwan) Kim
- University Health Network, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Avenue 15-413, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada ;
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38
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Cencic R, Robert F, Galicia-Vázquez G, Malina A, Ravindar K, Somaiah R, Pierre P, Tanaka J, Deslongchamps P, Pelletier J. Modifying chemotherapy response by targeted inhibition of eukaryotic initiation factor 4A. Blood Cancer J 2013; 3:e128. [PMID: 23872707 PMCID: PMC3730203 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2013.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Translation is regulated predominantly at the initiation phase by several signal transduction pathways that are often usurped in human cancers, including the PI3K/Akt/mTOR axis. mTOR exerts unique administration over translation by regulating assembly of eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4F, a heterotrimeric complex responsible for recruiting 40S ribosomes (and associated factors) to mRNA 5′ cap structures. Hence, there is much interest in targeted therapies that block eIF4F activity to assess the consequences on tumor cell growth and chemotherapy response. We report here that hippuristanol (Hipp), a translation initiation inhibitor that selectively inhibits the eIF4F RNA helicase subunit, eIF4A, resensitizes Eμ-Myc lymphomas to DNA damaging agents, including those that overexpress eIF4E—a modifier of rapamycin responsiveness. As Mcl-1 levels are significantly affected by Hipp, combining its use with the Bcl-2 family inhibitor, ABT-737, leads to a potent synergistic response in triggering cell death in mouse and human lymphoma and leukemia cells. Suppression of eIF4AI using RNA interference also synergized with ABT-737 in murine lymphomas, highlighting eIF4AI as a therapeutic target for modulating tumor cell response to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Cencic
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Micoine K, Persich P, Llaveria J, Lam MH, Maderna A, Loganzo F, Fürstner A. Total Syntheses and Biological Reassessment of Lactimidomycin, Isomigrastatin and Congener Glutarimide Antibiotics. Chemistry 2013; 19:7370-83. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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40
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RNAi screening uncovers Dhx9 as a modifier of ABT-737 resistance in an Eμ-myc/Bcl-2 mouse model. Blood 2013; 121:3402-12. [PMID: 23440244 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2012-06-434365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
ABT-737 is a promising chemotherapeutic agent that promotes apoptosis by acting as a selective BH3 mimetic to neutralize Bcl-2-like family members. One shortcoming with its use is that Mcl-1, a member of the Bcl-2 family, is poorly inhibited by ABT-737 and thus is a major cause of resistance. We performed a short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-based drop-out screen to identify novel genes and pathways that could reverse resistance to ABT-737 treatment in Eµ-myc/Bcl-2 lymphoma cells engineered to rely on endogenous Mcl-1 for survival. Several drug-sensitive shRNAs were identified that were selectively depleted in the presence of ABT-737. Of these, 2 independent shRNAs targeting the RNA/DNA helicase Dhx9 were found to sensitize lymphomas to ABT-737 to an extent comparable to control Mcl-1 shRNAs. Although Dhx9 suppression sensitized both mouse and human cells to ABT-737 treatment, it did so without altering MCL-1 levels. Rather, loss of Dhx9 appeared to activate a p53-dependent apoptotic program, through aggravation of replicative stress, which was found to be both necessary and sufficient for the ABT-737-shDhx9 synthetic lethal relationship.
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41
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Wei J, Zhang Y, Ivanov IP, Sachs MS. The stringency of start codon selection in the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:9549-62. [PMID: 23396971 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.447177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells initiation may occur from near-cognate codons that differ from AUG by a single nucleotide. The stringency of start codon selection impacts the efficiency of initiation at near-cognate codons and the efficiency of initiation at AUG codons in different contexts. We used a codon-optimized firefly luciferase reporter initiated with AUG or each of the nine near-cognate codons in preferred context to examine the stringency of start codon selection in the model filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa. In vivo results indicated that the hierarchy of initiation at start codons in N. crassa (AUG ≫ CUG > GUG > ACG > AUA ≈ UUG > AUU > AUC) is similar to that in human cells. Similar results were obtained by translating mRNAs in a homologous N. crassa in vitro translation system or in rabbit reticulocyte lysate. We next examined the efficiency of initiation at AUG, CUG, and UUG codons in different contexts in vitro. The preferred context was more important for efficient initiation from near-cognate codons than from AUG. These studies demonstrated that near-cognate codons are used for initiation in N. crassa. Such events could provide additional coding capacity or have regulatory functions. Analyses of the 5'-leader regions in the N. crassa transcriptome revealed examples of highly conserved near-cognate codons in preferred contexts that could extend the N termini of the predicted polypeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Wei
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3258, USA
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42
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AMPK is a negative regulator of the Warburg effect and suppresses tumor growth in vivo. Cell Metab 2013; 17:113-24. [PMID: 23274086 PMCID: PMC3545102 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2012.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 671] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AMPK is a metabolic sensor that helps maintain cellular energy homeostasis. Despite evidence linking AMPK with tumor suppressor functions, the role of AMPK in tumorigenesis and tumor metabolism is unknown. Here we show that AMPK negatively regulates aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect) in cancer cells and suppresses tumor growth in vivo. Genetic ablation of the α1 catalytic subunit of AMPK accelerates Myc-induced lymphomagenesis. Inactivation of AMPKα in both transformed and nontransformed cells promotes a metabolic shift to aerobic glycolysis, increased allocation of glucose carbon into lipids, and biomass accumulation. These metabolic effects require normoxic stabilization of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), as silencing HIF-1α reverses the shift to aerobic glycolysis and the biosynthetic and proliferative advantages conferred by reduced AMPKα signaling. Together our findings suggest that AMPK activity opposes tumor development and that its loss fosters tumor progression in part by regulating cellular metabolic pathways that support cell growth and proliferation.
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Ahmed W, Van Etten RA. Alternative approaches to eradicating the malignant clone in chronic myeloid leukemia: tyrosine-kinase inhibitor combinations and beyond. HEMATOLOGY. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEMATOLOGY. EDUCATION PROGRAM 2013; 2013:189-200. [PMID: 24319181 PMCID: PMC4529996 DOI: 10.1182/asheducation-2013.1.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in chronic phase who have achieved complete molecular remission on imatinib therapy, clinical trials from France and Australia have demonstrated that the majority experience prompt molecular relapse of their leukemia upon discontinuation of the drug, showing that long-term monotherapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors is not curative in the majority of patients with CML. This has focused attention on strategies to eradicate residual disease in CML that is presumed to arise from malignant Ph+ stem cells, which should result in permanent cure and long-term leukemia-free survival. Here, we review the evidence that targeting CML stem cells will be of clinical benefit and discuss pharmacological and immunological approaches to accomplish this goal. Where possible, we link preclinical studies of CML stem cell biology to emerging results from clinical trials of agents that may target these cells.
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MESH Headings
- Australia/epidemiology
- Benzamides/therapeutic use
- Clinical Trials as Topic
- Disease-Free Survival
- France/epidemiology
- Humans
- Imatinib Mesylate
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/enzymology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/mortality
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/enzymology
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Philadelphia Chromosome
- Piperazines/therapeutic use
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Pyrimidines/therapeutic use
- Survival Rate
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesam Ahmed
- Division of Hematology/Oncology and Molecular Oncology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Richard A. Van Etten
- Division of Hematology/Oncology and Molecular Oncology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology and Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
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44
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Nemunaitis J, Mita A, Stephenson J, Mita MM, Sarantopoulos J, Padmanabhan-Iyer S, Nanda N, Gleich L, Benichou AC, Craig A. Pharmacokinetic study of omacetaxine mepesuccinate administered subcutaneously to patients with advanced solid and hematologic tumors. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2013; 71:35-41. [PMID: 23053254 PMCID: PMC3535355 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-012-1963-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Omacetaxine mepesuccinate is a first-in-class cephalotaxine demonstrating clinical activity in chronic myeloid leukemia. A subcutaneous (SC) formulation demonstrated efficacy and safety in phase 1/2 trials in patients previously treated with ≥1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor. This study assessed pharmacokinetics and safety of SC omacetaxine in patients with advanced cancers. METHODS Omacetaxine 1.25 mg/m(2) SC was administered BID, days 1-14 every 28 days for 2 cycles, until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Blood and urine were collected to measure omacetaxine concentrations and inactive metabolites. Adverse events, including QT interval prolongation, were recorded. Tumor response was assessed at cycle 2 completion. RESULTS Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated from cycle 1, day 1 data in 21 patients with solid tumors or hematologic malignancies and cycle 1, day 11 data in 10 patients. Omacetaxine was rapidly absorbed, with mean peak plasma concentrations observed within 1 h, and widely distributed, as evidenced by an apparent volume of distribution of 126.8 L/m(2). Plasma concentration versus time data demonstrated biexponential decay; mean steady-state terminal half-life was 7 h. Concentrations of inactive metabolites 4'-DMHHT and cephalotaxine were approximately 10 % of omacetaxine and undetectable in most patients, respectively. Urinary excretion of unchanged omacetaxine accounted for <15 % of the dose. Grade 3/4 drug-related adverse events included thrombocytopenia (48 %) and neutropenia (33 %). Two grade 2 increases in QTc interval (>470 ms) were observed and were not correlated with omacetaxine plasma concentration. No objective responses were observed. CONCLUSIONS Omacetaxine is well absorbed after SC administration. Therapeutic plasma concentrations were achieved with 1.25 mg/m(2) BID, supporting clinical development of this dose and schedule.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Nemunaitis
- Mary Crowley Cancer Research Centers, Dallas, TX 75201, USA.
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45
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Stern-Ginossar N, Weisburd B, Michalski A, Khanh Le VT, Hein MY, Huang SX, Ma M, Shen B, Qian SB, Hengel H, Mann M, Ingolia NT, Weissman JS. Decoding human cytomegalovirus. Science 2012; 338:1088-93. [PMID: 23180859 PMCID: PMC3817102 DOI: 10.1126/science.1227919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 456] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) genome was sequenced 20 years ago. However, like those of other complex viruses, our understanding of its protein coding potential is far from complete. We used ribosome profiling and transcript analysis to experimentally define the HCMV translation products and follow their temporal expression. We identified hundreds of previously unidentified open reading frames and confirmed a fraction by means of mass spectrometry. We found that regulated use of alternative transcript start sites plays a broad role in enabling tight temporal control of HCMV protein expression and allowing multiple distinct polypeptides to be generated from a single genomic locus. Our results reveal an unanticipated complexity to the HCMV coding capacity and illustrate the role of regulated changes in transcript start sites in generating this complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noam Stern-Ginossar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ben Weisburd
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Annette Michalski
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, D-82152, Germany
| | - Vu Thuy Khanh Le
- Institut für Virologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marco Y. Hein
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, D-82152, Germany
| | - Sheng-Xiong Huang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way #3A2, Jupiter, FL 33458
| | - Ming Ma
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way #3A2, Jupiter, FL 33458
| | - Ben Shen
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way #3A2, Jupiter, FL 33458
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way #3A2, Jupiter, FL 33458
- Natural Products Library Initiative at The Scripps Research Institute, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way #3A2, Jupiter, FL 33458
| | - Shu-Bing Qian
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Hartmut Hengel
- Institut für Virologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias Mann
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, D-82152, Germany
| | - Nicholas T. Ingolia
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Present address: Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institute for Science, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Jonathan S. Weissman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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46
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Lindqvist LM, Vikström I, Chambers JM, McArthur K, Ann Anderson M, Henley KJ, Happo L, Cluse L, Johnstone RW, Roberts AW, Kile BT, Croker BA, Burns CJ, Rizzacasa MA, Strasser A, Huang DCS. Translation inhibitors induce cell death by multiple mechanisms and Mcl-1 reduction is only a minor contributor. Cell Death Dis 2012; 3:e409. [PMID: 23059828 PMCID: PMC3481137 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2012.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
There is significant interest in treating cancers by blocking protein synthesis, to which hematological malignancies seem particularly sensitive. The translation elongation inhibitor homoharringtonine (Omacetaxine mepesuccinate) is undergoing clinical trials for chronic myeloid leukemia, whereas the translation initiation inhibitor silvestrol has shown promise in mouse models of cancer. Precisely how these compounds induce cell death is unclear, but reduction in Mcl-1, a labile pro-survival Bcl-2 family member, has been proposed to constitute the critical event. Moreover, the contribution of translation inhibitors to neutropenia and lymphopenia has not been precisely defined. Herein, we demonstrate that primary B cells and neutrophils are highly sensitive to translation inhibitors, which trigger the Bax/Bak-mediated apoptotic pathway. However, contrary to expectations, reduction of Mcl-1 did not significantly enhance cytotoxicity of these compounds, suggesting that it does not have a principal role and cautions that strong correlations do not always signify causality. On the other hand, the killing of T lymphocytes was less dependent on Bax and Bak, indicating that translation inhibitors can also induce cell death via alternative mechanisms. Indeed, loss of clonogenic survival proved to be independent of the Bax/Bak-mediated apoptosis altogether. Our findings warn of potential toxicity as these translation inhibitors are cytotoxic to many differentiated non-cycling cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Lindqvist
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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47
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Fritsch C, Herrmann A, Nothnagel M, Szafranski K, Huse K, Schumann F, Schreiber S, Platzer M, Krawczak M, Hampe J, Brosch M. Genome-wide search for novel human uORFs and N-terminal protein extensions using ribosomal footprinting. Genome Res 2012; 22:2208-18. [PMID: 22879431 PMCID: PMC3483550 DOI: 10.1101/gr.139568.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
So far, the annotation of translation initiation sites (TISs) has been based mostly upon bioinformatics rather than experimental evidence. We adapted ribosomal footprinting to puromycin-treated cells to generate a transcriptome-wide map of TISs in a human monocytic cell line. A neural network was trained on the ribosomal footprints observed at previously annotated AUG translation initiation codons (TICs), and used for the ab initio prediction of TISs in 5062 transcripts with sufficient sequence coverage. Functional interpretation suggested 2994 novel upstream open reading frames (uORFs) in the 5′ UTR, 1406 uORFs overlapping with the coding sequence, and 546 N-terminal protein extensions. The TIS detection method was validated on the basis of previously published alternative TISs and uORFs. Among primates, TICs in newly annotated TISs were significantly more conserved than control codons, both for AUGs and near-cognate codons. The transcriptome-wide map of novel candidate TISs derived as part of the study will shed further light on the way in which human proteome diversity is influenced by alternative translation initiation and regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Fritsch
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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48
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The ribosome profiling strategy for monitoring translation in vivo by deep sequencing of ribosome-protected mRNA fragments. Nat Protoc 2012; 7:1534-50. [PMID: 22836135 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2012.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 834] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies highlight the importance of translational control in determining protein abundance, underscoring the value of measuring gene expression at the level of translation. We present a protocol for genome-wide, quantitative analysis of in vivo translation by deep sequencing. This ribosome profiling approach maps the exact positions of ribosomes on transcripts by nuclease footprinting. The nuclease-protected mRNA fragments are converted into a DNA library suitable for deep sequencing using a strategy that minimizes bias. The abundance of different footprint fragments in deep sequencing data reports on the amount of translation of a gene. In addition, footprints reveal the exact regions of the transcriptome that are translated. To better define translated reading frames, we describe an adaptation that reveals the sites of translation initiation by pretreating cells with harringtonine to immobilize initiating ribosomes. The protocol we describe requires 5-7 days to generate a completed ribosome profiling sequencing library. Sequencing and data analysis require a further 4-5 days.
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49
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Di Marco S, Cammas A, Lian XJ, Kovacs EN, Ma JF, Hall DT, Mazroui R, Richardson J, Pelletier J, Gallouzi IE. The translation inhibitor pateamine A prevents cachexia-induced muscle wasting in mice. Nat Commun 2012; 3:896. [PMID: 22692539 PMCID: PMC3621420 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cachexia, or muscle-wasting syndrome, is one of the major causes of death in patients affected by diseases such as cancer, AIDS and sepsis. However, no effective anti-cachectic treatment is currently available. Here we show that a low dose of pateamine A, an inhibitor of translation initiation, prevents muscle wasting caused by the cytokines interferon γ and tumour necrosis factor α or by C26-adenocarcinoma tumours. Surprisingly, although high doses of pateamine A abrogate general translation, low doses selectively inhibit the expression of pro-cachectic factors such as inducible nitric oxide synthase. This selectivity depends on the 5'UTR of inducible nitric oxide synthase messenger RNA (mRNA) that, unlike the 5'UTR of MyoD mRNA, promotes the recruitment of inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA to stress granules, where its translation is repressed. Collectively, our data provide a proof of principle that nontoxic doses of compounds such as pateamine A could be used as novel drugs to combat cachexia-induced muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Di Marco
- Department of Biochemistry, Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Center, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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50
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Ruan Y, Sun L, Hao Y, Wang L, Xu J, Zhang W, Xie J, Guo L, Zhou L, Yun X, Zhu H, Shen A, Gu J. Ribosomal RACK1 promotes chemoresistance and growth in human hepatocellular carcinoma. J Clin Invest 2012; 122:2554-66. [PMID: 22653060 DOI: 10.1172/jci58488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2011] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Coordinated translation initiation is coupled with cell cycle progression and cell growth, whereas excessive ribosome biogenesis and translation initiation often lead to tumor transformation and survival. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most common and aggressive cancers worldwide and generally displays inherently high resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs. We found that RACK1, the receptor for activated C-kinase 1, was highly expressed in normal liver and frequently upregulated in HCC. Aberrant expression of RACK1 contributed to in vitro chemoresistance as well as in vivo tumor growth of HCC. These effects depended on ribosome localization of RACK1. Ribosomal RACK1 coupled with PKCβII to promote the phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), which led to preferential translation of the potent factors involved in growth and survival. Inhibition of PKCβII or depletion of eIF4E abolished RACK1-mediated chemotherapy resistance of HCC in vitro. Our results imply that RACK1 may function as an internal factor involved in the growth and survival of HCC and suggest that targeting RACK1 may be an efficacious strategy for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, Ministry of Public Health, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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