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Kamei Y, Okumura Y, Adachi Y, Mori Y, Sakai M, Ohnishi K, Ohminami H, Masuda M, Yamanaka-Okumura H, Taketani Y. Humoral and cellular factors inhibit phosphate-induced vascular calcification during the growth period. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2023; 73:198-204. [PMID: 37970550 PMCID: PMC10636584 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.23-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperphosphatemia is an independent and non-classical risk factor of cardiovascular disease and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Increased levels of extracellular inorganic phosphate (Pi) are known to directly induce vascular calcification, but the detailed underlying mechanism has not been clarified. Although serum Pi levels during the growth period are as high as those observed in hyperphosphatemia in adult CKD, vascular calcification does not usually occur during growth. Here, we have examined whether the defence system against Pi-induced vascular calcification can exist during the growth period using mice model. We found that calcification propensity of young serum (aged 3 weeks) was significantly lower than that of adult serum (10 months), possibly due to high fetuin-A levels. In addition, when the aorta was cultured in high Pi medium in vitro, obvious calcification was observed in the adult aorta but not in the young aorta. Furthermore, culture in high Pi medium increased the mRNA level of tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP), which degrades pyrophosphate, only in the adult aorta. Collectively, our findings indicate that the aorta in growing mouse may be resistant to Pi-induced vascular calcification via a mechanism in which high serum fetuin-A levels and suppressed TNAP expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kamei
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical Nutrition, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical Nutrition, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yosuke Okumura
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical Nutrition, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Adachi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical Nutrition, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yuki Mori
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical Nutrition, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Maiko Sakai
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical Nutrition, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Kohta Ohnishi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical Nutrition, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Ohminami
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical Nutrition, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Masashi Masuda
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical Nutrition, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Hisami Yamanaka-Okumura
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical Nutrition, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Doshisha Women’s College of Liberal Arts, Teramachi Nishi-iru, Imadegawa-dori, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-0893, Japan
| | - Yutaka Taketani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical Nutrition, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
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Polan C, Brenner C, Herten M, Hilken G, Grabellus F, Meyer HL, Burggraf M, Dudda M, Jahnen-Dechent W, Wedemeyer C, Kauther MD. Increased UHMWPE Particle-Induced Osteolysis in Fetuin-A-Deficient Mice. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14010030. [PMID: 36662077 PMCID: PMC9865936 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Particle-induced osteolysis is a major cause of aseptic prosthetic loosening. Implant wear particles stimulate tissue macrophages inducing an aseptic inflammatory reaction, which ultimately results in bone loss. Fetuin-A is a key regulator of calcified matrix metabolism and an acute phase protein. We studied the influence of fetuin-A on particle-induced osteolysis in an established mouse model using fetuin-A-deficient mice. Ten fetuin-A-deficient (Ahsg−/−) mice and ten wild-type animals (Ahsg+/+) were assigned to test group receiving ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) particle implantation or to control group (sham surgery). After 14 days, bone metabolism parameters RANKL, osteoprotegerin (OPG), osteocalcin (OC), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), calcium, phosphate, and desoxypyridinoline (DPD) were examined. Bone volume was determined by microcomputed tomography (μCT); osteolytic regions and osteoclasts were histomorphometrically analyzed. After particle treatment, bone resorption was significantly increased in Ahsg−/− mice compared with corresponding Ahsg+/+ wild-type mice (p = 0.007). Eroded surface areas in Ahsg−/− mice were significantly increased (p = 0.002) compared with Ahsg+/+ mice, as well as the number of osteoclasts compared with control (p = 0.039). Fetuin-A deficiency revealed increased OPG (p = 0.002), and decreased levels of DPD (p = 0.038), OC (p = 0.036), ALP (p < 0.001), and Ca (p = 0.001) compared with wild-type animals. Under osteolytic conditions in Ahsg−/− mice, OPG was increased (p = 0.013), ALP (p = 0.015) and DPD (p = 0.012) were decreased compared with the Ahsg+/+ group. Osteolytic conditions lead to greater bone loss in fetuin-A-deficient mice compared with wild-type mice. Reduced fetuin-A serum levels may be a risk factor for particle-induced osteolysis while the protective effect of fetuin-A might be a future pathway for prophylaxis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Polan
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-201-723-1301
| | - Christina Brenner
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Monika Herten
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Gero Hilken
- Central Animal Laboratory, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Florian Grabellus
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Heinz-Lothar Meyer
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Manuel Burggraf
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Marcel Dudda
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Willi Jahnen-Dechent
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Wedemeyer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Barbara Hospital Gladbeck, 45964 Gladbeck, Germany
| | - Max Daniel Kauther
- Department of Trauma Surgery and Orthopedics, Pediatric Orthopedics, Agaplesion Diakonieklinikum Rotenburg (Wümme), 27356 Rotenburg, Germany
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Fetuin-A is an immunomodulator and a potential therapeutic option in BMP4-dependent heterotopic ossification and associated bone mass loss. Bone Res 2022; 10:62. [PMID: 36289197 PMCID: PMC9605967 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-022-00232-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is the abnormal formation of bone in extraskeletal sites. However, the mechanisms linking HO pathogenesis with bone mass dysfunction remain unclear. Here, we showed that mice harboring injury-induced and BMP4-dependent HO exhibit bone mass loss similar to that presented by patients with HO. Moreover, we found that injury-induced hyperinflammatory responses at the injury site triggered HO initiation but did not result in bone mass loss at 1 day post-injury (dpi). In contrast, a suppressive immune response promoted HO propagation and bone mass loss by 7 dpi. Correcting immune dysregulation by PD1/PDL1 blockade dramatically alleviated HO propagation and bone mass loss. We further demonstrated that fetuin-A (FetA), which has been frequently detected in HO lesions but rarely observed in HO-adjacent normal bone, acts as an immunomodulator to promote PD1 expression and M2 macrophage polarization, leading to immunosuppression. Intervention with recombinant FetA inhibited hyperinflammation and prevented HO and associated bone mass loss. Collectively, our findings provide new insights into the osteoimmunological interactions that occur during HO formation and suggest that FetA is an immunosuppressor and a potential therapeutic option for the treatment of HO.
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EROL KOÇ EM, YAMAN S, TAŞÇI Y, ÖMÜR N, YILMAZ FM, KARAKAYA J, BEDİR FINDIK R. Fetuin A level in advanced placental calcification at term pregnancies. JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.32322/jhsm.1075563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Rudloff S, Jahnen-Dechent W, Huynh-Do U. Tissue chaperoning—the expanded functions of fetuin-A beyond inhibition of systemic calcification. Pflugers Arch 2022; 474:949-962. [PMID: 35403906 PMCID: PMC8995415 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-022-02688-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AbstractTraditionally, fetuin-A embodies the prototype anti-calcification protein in the blood, preventing cardiovascular calcification. Low serum fetuin-A is generally associated with mineralization dysbalance and enhanced mortality in end stage renal disease. Recent evidence indicates that fetuin-A is a crucial factor moderating tissue inflammation and fibrosis, as well as a systemic indicator of acute inflammatory disease. Here, the expanded function of fetuin-A is discussed in the context of mineralization and inflammation biology. Unbalanced depletion of fetuin-A in this context may be the critical event, triggering a vicious cycle of progressive calcification, inflammation, and tissue injury. Hence, we designate fetuin-A as tissue chaperone and propose the potential use of exogenous fetuin-A as prophylactic agent or emergency treatment in conditions that are associated with acute depletion of endogenous protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Rudloff
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Bern University Hospital, Freiburgstrasse 15, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 15, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Willi Jahnen-Dechent
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Biointerface Laboratory, RWTH Aachen, University Medical Faculty, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Uyen Huynh-Do
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Bern University Hospital, Freiburgstrasse 15, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 15, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.
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Nakamura-Utsunomiya A. Bone Biomarkers in Mucopolysaccharidoses. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312651. [PMID: 34884458 PMCID: PMC8658023 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in bone and cartilage leads to progressive damage in cartilage that, in turn, reduces bone growth by the destruction of the growth plate, incomplete ossification, and growth imbalance. The mechanisms of pathophysiology related to bone metabolism in mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) include impaired chondrocyte function and the failure of endochondral ossification, which leads to the release of inflammatory cytokines via the activation of Toll-like receptors by GAGs. Although improvements in the daily living of patients with MPS have been achieved with enzyme replacement, treatment for the bone disorder is limited. There is an increasing need to identify biomarkers related to bone and cartilage to evaluate the progressive status and to monitor the treatment of MPS. Recently, new analysis methods, such as proteomic analysis, have identified new biomarkers in MPS. This review summarizes advances in clinical bone metabolism and bone biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akari Nakamura-Utsunomiya
- Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, 1-5-54 Ujina-Kanda, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; ; Tel.: +81-82-254-1818; Fax: +81-82-253-8274
- Division of Neonatal Screening, Research Institute, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
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Sekaran S, Vimalraj S, Thangavelu L. The Physiological and Pathological Role of Tissue Nonspecific Alkaline Phosphatase beyond Mineralization. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11111564. [PMID: 34827562 PMCID: PMC8615537 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) is a key enzyme responsible for skeletal tissue mineralization. It is involved in the dephosphorylation of various physiological substrates, and has vital physiological functions, including extra-skeletal functions, such as neuronal development, detoxification of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an anti-inflammatory role, bile pH regulation, and the maintenance of the blood brain barrier (BBB). TNAP is also implicated in ectopic pathological calcification of soft tissues, especially the vasculature. Although it is the crucial enzyme in mineralization of skeletal and dental tissues, it is a logical clinical target to attenuate vascular calcification. Various tools and studies have been developed to inhibit its activity to arrest soft tissue mineralization. However, we should not neglect its other physiological functions prior to therapies targeting TNAP. Therefore, a better understanding into the mechanisms mediated by TNAP is needed for minimizing off targeted effects and aid in the betterment of various pathological scenarios. In this review, we have discussed the mechanism of mineralization and functions of TNAP beyond its primary role of hard tissue mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saravanan Sekaran
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India;
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (V.S.)
| | - Selvaraj Vimalraj
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India;
- Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (V.S.)
| | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India;
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Tintut Y, Honda HM, Demer LL. Biomolecules Orchestrating Cardiovascular Calcification. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101482. [PMID: 34680115 PMCID: PMC8533507 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification, once considered a degenerative, end-stage, and inevitable condition, is now recognized as a complex process regulated in a manner similar to skeletal bone at the molecular and cellular levels. Since the initial discovery of bone morphogenetic protein in calcified human atherosclerotic lesions, decades of research have now led to the recognition that the regulatory mechanisms and the biomolecules that control cardiovascular calcification overlap with those controlling skeletal mineralization. In this review, we focus on key biomolecules driving the ectopic calcification in the circulation and their regulation by metabolic, hormonal, and inflammatory stimuli. Although calcium deposits in the vessel wall introduce rupture stress at their edges facing applied tensile stress, they simultaneously reduce rupture stress at the orthogonal edges, leaving the net risk of plaque rupture and consequent cardiac events depending on local material strength. A clinically important consequence of the shared mechanisms between the vascular and bone tissues is that therapeutic agents designed to inhibit vascular calcification may adversely affect skeletal mineralization and vice versa. Thus, it is essential to consider both systems when developing therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Tintut
- Department of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (Y.T.); (H.M.H.)
- Department of Physiology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
| | - Henry M. Honda
- Department of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (Y.T.); (H.M.H.)
| | - Linda L. Demer
- Department of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (Y.T.); (H.M.H.)
- Department of Physiology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- The David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(310)-206-2677
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In Vitro Investigation on Degradable Mg-Based Biomaterial under the Impact of the Serum Glycoprotein Fetuin. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14175005. [PMID: 34501095 PMCID: PMC8434450 DOI: 10.3390/ma14175005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Biomedical applications of magnesium (Mg) and its alloys are generally dependent on their degradation behavior in vivo. Despite its attractive properties, which make Mg suitable for orthopedic applications, the in vivo material-tissue (bone, blood, and lymph tissues) interaction is not yet fully understood. To investigate the influence of major serum proteins on the degradation, this study focused on fetuin, which is one of the major non-collagenous plasma proteins and which is essential for biomineralization. This study used a physiological setup to investigate the influence of fetuin on the degradation behavior of pure Mg in the presence of calcium (Ca). Extruded pure Mg samples were immersed under cell culture conditions in Hank’s balanced salt solution (HBSS) under defined Ca regimes. The results showed a significant decrease in the degradation rate (DR) when both fetuin and Ca were present in an immersion medium as compared to media where they were not simultaneously present. A possible reason for this behavior was the forming of a dense, protein-degradation products protection barrier at the material surface. Furthermore, the limitation of freely available Ca might be a reason for a decreased degradation. The cultivation of primary osteoblasts (pOB) was possible at the fetuin-coated Mg-surface without additional serum supplementation.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Calciprotein particles (CPP) are formed in supersaturated solutions of calcium, phosphate and the mineral-binding protein fetuin-A. CPP have garnered considerable interest as potential mediators of mineral stress, but little consideration has been given to their origin, clearance and role in metabolism. RECENT FINDINGS CPP are made whilst buffering the mineral absorbed from the intestine after a meal or during remodelling of bone matrix. The postprandial rise in circulating CPP rise may be sensed by osteoblasts/osteocytes in bone, stimulating the secretion of the master phosphatonin fibroblast growth factor 23. Amorphous calcium phosphate-containing CPP are rapidly cleared by endothelial cells in the liver whereas crystalline apatite-containing CPP are filtered by phagocytic cells of the reticuloendothelial system. Impaired excretory function in kidney disease may lead to accumulation of CPP and its precursors with possible pathological sequalae. Inability to stabilize CPP in fetuin-A-deficiency states can result in intraluminal precipitation and inflammatory cascades if other mineralisation regulatory networks are compromised. SUMMARY CPP allow efficient transport and clearance of bulk calcium phosphate as colloids without risk of precipitation. As circulating factors, CPP may couple dietary mineral exposure with endocrine control of mineral metabolism in bone, signalling the need to dispose of excess phosphate from the body.
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Othman Z, Mohren R, Cillero-Pastor B, Shen Z, Lacroix Y, Guttenplan A, Tahmasebi Birgani Z, Eijssen L, Luider T, van Rijt S, Habibovic P. Comparative proteomic analysis of human mesenchymal stromal cell behavior on calcium phosphate ceramics with different osteoinductive potential. Mater Today Bio 2020; 7:100066. [PMID: 32642640 PMCID: PMC7334494 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2020.100066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, synthetic calcium phosphate (CaP) ceramics have emerged as an alternative to bone grafts in the treatment of large critical-sized bone defects. To successfully substitute for bone grafts, materials must be osteoinductive, that is, they must induce osteogenic differentiation and subsequent bone formation in vivo. Although a set of osteoinductive CaP ceramics has been developed, the precise biological mechanism by which a material directs cells toward osteogenesis and the role of individual chemical and physical properties in this mechanism remain incompletely understood. Here, we used proteomics to compare serum protein adsorption to two CaP ceramics with different osteoinductive potential, namely an osteoinductive β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and a non-osteoinductive hydroxyapatite (HA). Moreover, we analyzed the protein profiles of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) cultured on these two ceramics. The serum protein adsorption experiments in the absence of cells highlighted the proteins that are highly abundant in the serum and/or have a high affinity to CaP. The extent of adsorption was suggested to be affected by the available surface area for binding and by the ion exchange dynamics on the surface. Several proteins were uniquely expressed by hMSCs on TCP and HA surfaces. Proteins identified as enriched on TCP were involved in processes related to wound healing, cell proliferation, and the production of extracellular matrix. On the other hand, proteins that were enriched on HA were involved in processes related to protein production, translation, localization, and secretion. In addition, we performed a separate proteomics analysis on TCP, HA, and two biphasic calcium phosphates with known osteoinductive potential and performed a clustering analysis on a combination of a set of proteins found to be enriched on osteoinductive materials with a set of proteins already known to be involved in osteogenesis. This yielded two protein networks potentially involved in the process of osteoinduction – one consisting of collagen fragments and collagen-related enzymes and a second consisting of endopeptidase inhibitors and regulatory proteins. The results of this study show that protein profiling can be a useful tool to help understand the effect of biomaterial properties on the interactions between a biomaterial and a biological system. Such understanding will contribute to the design and development of improved biomaterials for (bone) regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Othman
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - R.J.C. Mohren
- The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - B. Cillero-Pastor
- The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Z. Shen
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Y.S.N.W. Lacroix
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - A.P.M. Guttenplan
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Z. Tahmasebi Birgani
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - L. Eijssen
- Department of Bioinformatics - BiGCaT, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, MHeNs School for Mental Health and Neuroscience Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - T.M. Luider
- Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology and Clinical and Cancer Proteomics, Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - S. van Rijt
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - P. Habibovic
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Corresponding author.
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Wang WJ, Zhang L, Zheng T, Zhang GH, Du K, Yang MN, He H, Wang S, Wang W, Zhang J, Ouyang F, Luo ZC. Fetuin-A and fetal growth in gestational diabetes mellitus. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/1/e000864. [PMID: 32049636 PMCID: PMC7039609 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-000864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fetuin-A is a glycoprotein produced by hepatocytes and has been associated with insulin resistance and bone growth in postnatal life. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition characterized by insulin resistance. It is unclear whether GDM may affect cord blood fetuin-A levels and whether fetuin-A is associated with fetal growth. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In a nested case-control study of 153 matched pairs of neonates of mothers with GDM and euglycemic pregnancies in the Shanghai Birth Cohort, we evaluated cord blood fetuin-A in association with GDM and fetal growth. RESULTS Comparing the newborns of GDM versus euglycemic mothers, cord blood fetuin-A concentrations were similar (mean±SD: 783.6±320.0 vs 754.8±281.9 µg/mL, p=0.53), while insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I (76.6±27.8 ng/mL vs 68.1±25.1 ng/mL, p=0.008) and IGF-II (195.3±32.5 ng/mL vs 187.5±30.8 ng/mL, p=0.042) concentrations were higher. Cord blood fetuin-A was not correlated with insulin, IGF-I or IGF-II. Cord blood fetuin-A was negatively correlated with birth weight (r=-0.19, p=0.025) and birth length (r=-0.24, p=0.005) z scores in GDM pregnancies, while there were no significant correlations in euglycemic pregnancies (tests for interaction: p=0.014 for birth length, p=0.013 for birth length). Adjusting for maternal and neonatal characteristics, the differential associations remained. CONCLUSIONS GDM was not associated with cord blood fetuin-A levels. Fetuin-A was negatively associated with fetal growth in GDM but not in euglycemic pregnancies. This novel observation suggests a GDM-conditional negative correlation of fetuin-A with fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Juan Wang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Prosserman Center for Population Health Research, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang-Hui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Assay Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Du
- Department of Clinical Assay Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng-Nan Yang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua He
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shufan Wang
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Prosserman Center for Population Health Research, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Weiye Wang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengxiu Ouyang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong-Cheng Luo
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Prosserman Center for Population Health Research, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Sanor LD, Flowers GP, Crews CM. Multiplex CRISPR/Cas screen in regenerating haploid limbs of chimeric Axolotls. eLife 2020; 9:48511. [PMID: 31989926 PMCID: PMC6986871 DOI: 10.7554/elife.48511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Axolotls and other salamanders can regenerate entire limbs after amputation as adults, and much recent effort has sought to identify the molecular programs controlling this process. While targeted mutagenesis approaches like CRISPR/Cas9 now permit gene-level investigation of these mechanisms, genetic screening in the axolotl requires an extensive commitment of time and space. Previously, we quantified CRISPR/Cas9-generated mutations in the limbs of mosaic mutant axolotls before and after regeneration and found that the regenerated limb is a highfidelity replicate of the original limb (Flowers et al. 2017). Here, we circumvent aforementioned genetic screening limitations and present methods for a multiplex CRISPR/Cas9 haploid screen in chimeric axolotls (MuCHaChA), which is a novel platform for haploid genetic screening in animals to identify genes essential for limb regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas D Sanor
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, United States
| | - Grant Parker Flowers
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, United States
| | - Craig M Crews
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, United States
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14
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Wang WJ, Wang S, Yang MN, Dong Y, He H, Fang F, Huang R, Yu XG, Zhang GH, Zhao X, Zheng T, Huang XY, Zhang J, Ouyang F, Luo ZC. Fetuin-A in Infants Born Small- or Large-for-Gestational-Age. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:567955. [PMID: 33117283 PMCID: PMC7561389 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.567955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetuin-A is a multifunctional glycoprotein that has been implicated in insulin resistance and bone metabolism. We assessed whether fetuin-A is associated with poor or excessive fetal growth. In the Shanghai Birth Cohort, we conducted a nested case-control study of 60 trios of small-for-gestational-age (SGA, birth weight <10th percentile), optimal-for-gestational-age (OGA, 25-75th, the reference) and large-for-gestational-age (LGA, >90th percentile) infants matched by sex and gestational age. Cord plasma concentrations of fetuin-A and fetal growth factors [insulin, proinsulin, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-II] were measured. Cord plasma fetuin-A concentrations were higher in SGA (809.4 ± 306.9 μg/ml, P = 0.026) and LGA (924.2 ± 375.9 μg/ml, P < 0.001) relative to OGA (680.7 ± 262.1 μg/ml) newborns, and were not correlated to insulin, proinsulin, IGF-I and IGF-II (all P > 0.2). Higher fetuin-A concentrations were associated with increased risks of SGA [OR = 1.67 (1.08-2.58) per SD increment, P = 0.024] and LGA [OR = 2.36 (1.53-3.66), P < 0.001]. Adjusting for maternal and neonatal characteristics and fetal growth factors, the elevated risk changed little for LGA [adjusted OR = 2.28 (1.29-4.01), P = 0.005], but became non-significant for SGA (P = 0.202). Our study is the first to demonstrate that fetuin-A may be involved in excessive fetal growth. This association is independent of fetal growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Juan Wang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Prosserman Center for Population Health Research, Mount Sinai Hospital, and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shufan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Prosserman Center for Population Health Research, Mount Sinai Hospital, and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Meng-Nan Yang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Prosserman Center for Population Health Research, Mount Sinai Hospital, and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yu Dong
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua He
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Prosserman Center for Population Health Research, Mount Sinai Hospital, and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Xiao-Gang Yu
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang-Hui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Assay Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Clinical Assay Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Yi Huang
- Department of Pediatric, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengxiu Ouyang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Fengxiu Ouyang
| | - Zhong-Cheng Luo
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Prosserman Center for Population Health Research, Mount Sinai Hospital, and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Zhong-Cheng Luo
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15
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Brylka LJ, Schinke T. Chemokines in Physiological and Pathological Bone Remodeling. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2182. [PMID: 31572390 PMCID: PMC6753917 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The bone matrix is constantly remodeled by bone-resorbing osteoclasts and bone-forming osteoblasts. These two cell types are fundamentally different in terms of progenitor cells, mode of action and regulation by specific molecules, acting either systemically or locally. Importantly, there is increasing evidence for an impact of cell types or molecules of the adaptive and innate immune system on bone remodeling. Understanding these influences is the major goal of a novel research area termed osteoimmunology, which is of key relevance in the context of inflammation-induced bone loss, skeletal metastases, and diseases of impaired bone remodeling, such as osteoporosis. This review article aims at summarizing the current knowledge on one particular aspect of osteoimmunology, namely the impact of chemokines on skeletal cells in order to regulate bone remodeling under physiological and pathological conditions. Chemokines have key roles in the adaptive immune system by controlling migration, localization, and function of immune cells during inflammation. The vast majority of chemokines are divided into two subgroups based on the pattern of cysteine residues. More specifically, there are 27 known C-C-chemokines, binding to 10 different C-C receptors, and 17 known C-X-C-chemokines binding to seven different C-X-C receptors. Three additional chemokines do not fall into this category, and only one of them, i.e., CX3CL1, has been shown to influence bone remodeling cell types. There is a large amount of published studies demonstrating specific effects of certain chemokines on differentiation and function of osteoclasts and/or osteoblasts. Chemokine signaling by skeletal cells or by other cells of the bone marrow niche regulates bone formation and resorption through autocrine and paracrine mechanisms. In vivo evidence from mouse deficiency models strongly supports the role of certain chemokine signaling pathways in bone remodeling. We will summarize these data in the present review with a special focus on the most established subsets of chemokines. In combination with the other review articles of this issue, the knowledge presented here confirms that there is a physiologically relevant crosstalk between the innate immune system and bone remodeling cell types, whose molecular understanding is of high clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Brylka
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schinke
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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16
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Pappa E, Papadopoulos S, Korou LM, Perrea DN, Pneumaticos S, Nikolaou VS. The role of intra-articular administration of Fetuin-A in post-traumatic knee osteoarthritis: an experimental study in a rat model. J Exp Orthop 2019; 6:25. [PMID: 31209645 PMCID: PMC6579801 DOI: 10.1186/s40634-019-0194-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study is to investigate the possible attenuating role of the intra-articular administration of Fetuin-A in post-traumatic secondary osteoarthritis in rats, and also its effect on the systematic levels of interleukins (ILs)-2,4,7, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) 2, 4, 7, C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and Fetuin-A. Methods Thirty male Sprague Dawley rats were separated in two groups where post-traumatic osteoarthritis was induced surgically by Anterior Cruciate Ligament Transection and the transection of the Medial Collateral Ligament of the right knee. In the Control Group, only the surgical intervention took place. In Fetuin Group, along with the induction of osteoarthritis, a single dose of bovine fetuin was administrated intra-articularly, intra-operatively. Both groups were examined for 8 weeks. The levels of interleukins, bone morphogenetic proteins, Fetuin-A and C-Reactive Protein were evaluated by ELISA of peripheral blood in three time periods: preoperatively, 5 and 8 weeks post-operatively. Osteoarthritic lesions of the knee were classified according to the Osteoarthritis Research Society International Grading System and the Modified Mankin Score, by histologic examination. Results IL-2 levels were significantly decreased in the Fetuin Group. No statistical difference was signed on the levels of IL-7, BMP-2,4,7 and Fetuin-A between the two groups. CRP levels were significantly increased in the Fetuin Group in 5 weeks of the experiment. Fetuin Group signed better scores according to the OARSI classification system and Modified Mankin Score, without any statistical significance. Conclusions Intra-articular administration of Fetuin-A restrictively affected the progression of post-traumatic arthritis in rats, as only the levels of IL-2 were decreased as well as limited osteoarthritic lesions were observed on the Fetuin Group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Pappa
- "KAT" General Hospital of Athens, Nikis 2, 14561, Kifisia, Greece.
| | - Savvas Papadopoulos
- Department of Pathology, "Hygeia" General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Laskarina-Maria Korou
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Research "N.S. Christeas", Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Despina N Perrea
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Research "N.S. Christeas", Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Spiridon Pneumaticos
- 3rd Department of Orthopaedics, KAT Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasileios S Nikolaou
- 2nd Department of Orthopaedics, Agia Olga Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
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17
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Xie WM, Ran LS, Jiang J, Chen YS, Ji HY, Quan XQ. Association between fetuin-A and prognosis of CAD: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Invest 2019; 49:e13091. [PMID: 30793296 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fetuin-A is an anti-inflammation and anti-calcification factor involved in the course of coronary artery disease (CAD). But the association between serum fetuin-A level and the prognosis of CAD patients was still controversial. To clarify the association between serum fetuin-A level and the prognosis of CAD patients, we conducted the present meta-analysis. METHODS The included studies should be potentially relevant prospective studies published in English language before January 2019. The target population of the present meta-analysis was restricted to patients with CAD. The results of studies must report hazard ratio (HR) or Kaplan-Meier survival curve for all-cause mortality or incidence of secondary cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. The pooled HRs were analysed by the method of meta-analysis. RESULTS A total of four prospective studies, including 4256 participants with CAD disease, were chosen to be included. The pooled HR for all-cause mortality was 0.57 (95% CI: 0.37-0.87), showing a statistically significant association between high serum fetuin-A level and low all-cause mortality in CAD patients. For the incidence of secondary CVD events, the pooled HR was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.60-1.23), indicating no statistically significant association between serum fetuin-A level and incidence of secondary CVD events in CAD patients. CONCLUSION High serum fetuin-A level associated with lower all-cause mortality in patients with CAD. No association between serum fetuin-A level and incidence of secondary CVD events was found in patients with CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ming Xie
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Second Clinical School, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Prevention Treatment and Health Care Medicine of Geriatric Diseases in Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu-Sen Ran
- Second Clinical School, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Second Clinical School, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Si Chen
- Second Clinical School, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong-Yan Ji
- Second Clinical School, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Quan
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Prevention Treatment and Health Care Medicine of Geriatric Diseases in Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
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18
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Jirak P, Stechemesser L, Moré E, Franzen M, Topf A, Mirna M, Paar V, Pistulli R, Kretzschmar D, Wernly B, Hoppe UC, Lichtenauer M, Salmhofer H. Clinical implications of fetuin-A. Adv Clin Chem 2019; 89:79-130. [PMID: 30797472 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Fetuin-A, also termed alpha2-Heremans-Schmid glycoprotein, is a 46kDa hepatocyte derived protein (hepatokine) and serves multifaceted functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Jirak
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Lars Stechemesser
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Divisions of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Elena Moré
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Divisions of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Michael Franzen
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Divisions of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Albert Topf
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Moritz Mirna
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Vera Paar
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Rudin Pistulli
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Cardiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Daniel Kretzschmar
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Cardiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wernly
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Uta C Hoppe
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Michael Lichtenauer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Hermann Salmhofer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Divisions of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
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19
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α2-HS Glycoprotein in Plasma Extracellular Vesicles Inhibits the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells In Vitro. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:7246479. [PMID: 30881463 PMCID: PMC6383392 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7246479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (Evs) contain diverse functional proteins, mRNAs, miRNAs, and DNA fragments, are secreted by various types of cells, and play important roles in cellular communication. Here, we show for the first time that plasma Evs inhibited the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in vitro and the level of inhibition was positively correlated with the plasma Evs concentration. Plasma Evs downregulated the expression of markers such as osteocalcin (OCN), Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), and Osterix at mRNA levels required for osteogenic differentiation and reduced pSmad1/5/8 levels in MSCs. Furthermore, pSmad1/5/8 levels increased and MSCs underwent normal osteogenic differentiation after Evs-derived α2-HS glycoprotein (AHSG) function was inhibited with an anti-AHSG neutralizing antibody. However, the levels of pERK1/2, active β-catenin, and HES1 were not significantly altered. Therefore, we propose that as essential components of the extracellular microenvironment of MSCs, plasma Evs are taken up by MSCs and subsequently repress osteogenic differentiation through an AHSG-mediated decrease in pSmad1/5/8 levels. Our work identifies plasma Evs as novel regulators of MSC osteogenic differentiation.
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20
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Merdler-Rabinowicz R, Grinberg A, Jacobson JM, Somekh I, Klein C, Lev A, Ihsan S, Habib A, Somech R, Simon AJ. Fetuin-A deficiency is associated with infantile cortical hyperostosis (Caffey disease). Pediatr Res 2019; 86:603-607. [PMID: 31288248 PMCID: PMC7086575 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-019-0499-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infantile cortical hyperostosis (ICH)/Caffey disease is an inflammatory collagenopathy of infancy, manifested by subperiosteal bone hyperplasia. Genetically, ICH was linked with heterozygosity for an R836C mutation in the COL1A1 gene. Although an autosomal-recessive trait is also suspected, it has not been proven thus far. METHODS A case of an infant male born to consanguineous parents is reported, presenting with classical findings, course, and clinical outcome of ICH. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed in order to identify a possible underlying genetic defect. RESULTS WES analysis revealed a novel homozygous nonsense mutation in lysine 2 of fetuin-A, encoded by the ALPHA-2-HS-GLYCOPROTEIN (AHSG) gene (c.A4T; p.K2X). Fetuin-A is an important regulator of bone remodeling and an inhibitor of ectopic mineralization. By enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we show a complete deficiency of this protein in the patient's serum, compared to controls. CONCLUSION A novel homozygous nonsense mutation in AHSG gene has been found in ICH patient with a typical phenotype, resulting in fetuin-A deficiency. This finding postulates an autosomal-recessive mode of inheritance in ICH, which, unlike the autosomal-dominant inheritance associated with COL1A1, is associated with AHSG and fetuin-A deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rona Merdler-Rabinowicz
- 0000 0004 1937 0546grid.12136.37Pediatric Department A and the Immunology Services, “Edmond and Lily Safra” Children’s Hospital, Jeffrey Modell Foundation Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, affiliated to Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anna Grinberg
- 0000 0004 1937 0546grid.12136.37Pediatric Department A and the Immunology Services, “Edmond and Lily Safra” Children’s Hospital, Jeffrey Modell Foundation Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, affiliated to Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jeffrey M. Jacobson
- grid.460042.4Pediatric Radiology Department, “Edmond and Lily Safra” Children’s Hospital, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Ido Somekh
- 0000 0004 1936 973Xgrid.5252.0Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Klein
- 0000 0004 1936 973Xgrid.5252.0Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Atar Lev
- 0000 0004 1937 0546grid.12136.37Pediatric Department A and the Immunology Services, “Edmond and Lily Safra” Children’s Hospital, Jeffrey Modell Foundation Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, affiliated to Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Adib Habib
- 0000 0004 1937 0503grid.22098.31Saint Vincent De Paul French Hospital, Nazareth, affiliated to the Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Raz Somech
- 0000 0004 1937 0546grid.12136.37Pediatric Department A and the Immunology Services, “Edmond and Lily Safra” Children’s Hospital, Jeffrey Modell Foundation Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, affiliated to Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amos J. Simon
- 0000 0004 1937 0546grid.12136.37Pediatric Department A and the Immunology Services, “Edmond and Lily Safra” Children’s Hospital, Jeffrey Modell Foundation Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, affiliated to Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel ,0000 0001 2107 2845grid.413795.dSheba Cancer Research Center and Institute of Hematology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
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Heinen MC, Babler A, Weis J, Elsas J, Nolte K, Kipp M, Jahnen-Dechent W, Häusler M. Fetuin-A protein distribution in mature inflamed and ischemic brain tissue. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206597. [PMID: 30412582 PMCID: PMC6226147 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The liver-derived plasma protein fetuin-A is strongly expressed during fetal life, hence its name. Fetuin-A protein is normally present in most fetal organs and tissues, including brain tissue. Fetuin-A was neuroprotective in animal models of cerebral ischemia and lethal chronic inflammation, suggesting a role beyond the neonatal period. Little is known, however, on the presence of fetuin-A in mature human brain tissue under different physiological and pathological conditions. Methods We studied by immunohistochemistry (IHC) the distribution of fetuin-A protein in mature human brain autopsy tissues from patients without neurological disease, patients with inflammatory brain disorders, and patients with ischemic brain lesions. To identify fetuin-A-positive cells in these tissues we co-localized fetuin-A with GFAP (astrocytes) and CD68 (macrophages, activated microglia). Results and discussion Unlike previous reports, we detected fetuin-A protein also in mature human brain as would be expected from an abundant plasma protein also present in cerebrospinal fluid. Fetuin-A immunoreactivity was increased in ischemic white matter and decreased in inflamed cerebellar tissue. Fetuin-A immunostaining was predominantly associated with neurons and astrocytes. Unlike the developing brain, the adult brain lacked fetuin-A immunostaining in CD68-positive microglia. Our findings suggest a role for fetuin-A in tissue remodeling of neonatal brain, which becomes obsolete in the adult brain, but is re-activated in damaged brain tissue. To further assess the role of fetuin-A in the mature brain, animal models involving ischemia and inflammation need to be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Christina Heinen
- Department of Pediatrics, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Biointerface Laboratory, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Anne Babler
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Biointerface Laboratory, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Joachim Weis
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Neuropathology, JARA-BRAIN, Jülich, Germany
| | - Johannes Elsas
- Department of Pediatrics, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Biointerface Laboratory, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kay Nolte
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Markus Kipp
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Willi Jahnen-Dechent
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Biointerface Laboratory, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Martin Häusler
- Department of Pediatrics, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
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22
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Procopio N, Williams A, Chamberlain AT, Buckley M. Forensic proteomics for the evaluation of the post-mortem decay in bones. J Proteomics 2018; 177:21-30. [PMID: 29407476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Current methods for evaluation the of post-mortem interval (PMI) of skeletal remains suffer from poor accuracy due to the great number of variables that affect the diagenetic process and to the lack of specific guidelines to address this issue. During decomposition, proteins can undergo cumulative decay over the time, resulting in a decrease in the range and abundance of proteins present (i.e., the proteome) in different tissues as well as in an increase of post-translational modifications occurring in these proteins. In this study, we investigate the applicability of bone proteomic analyses to simulated forensic contexts, looking for specific biomarkers that may help the estimation of PMI, as well as evaluate a previously discovered marker for the estimation of biological age. We noticed a reduction of particular plasma and muscle proteins with increasing PMIs, as well as an increased deamidation of biglycan, a protein with a role in modulating bone growth and mineralization. We also corroborated our previous results regarding the use of fetuin-A as a potential biomarker for the estimation of age-at-death, demonstrating the applicability and the great potential that proteomics may have towards forensic sciences. SIGNIFICANCE The estimation of the post-mortem interval has a key role in forensic investigations, however nowadays it still suffers from poor reliability, especially when body tissues are heavily decomposed. Here we propose for the first time the application of bone proteomics to the estimation of the time elapsed since death and found several new potential biomarkers to address this, demonstrating the applicability of proteomic analyses to forensic sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Procopio
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Anna Williams
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Andrew T Chamberlain
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Stopford Building, 99 Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PG, UK
| | - Michael Buckley
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK.
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23
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The effects of HAP and macrophage cells to the expression of inflammatory factors and apoptosis in HK-2 cells of vitro co-cultured system. Urolithiasis 2017; 46:429-443. [PMID: 29236151 PMCID: PMC6153874 DOI: 10.1007/s00240-017-1032-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This study developed an in vitro system by co-culturing HK-2 cells with different concentration of hydroxyapatite (HAP) and/or macrophage cells to simulate the internal environment of urolithiasis as far as possible, investigating the regulatory effects of macrophage cells on HAP-induced expression of relative inflammatory factors of HK-2 cells. The control group (H group) was only comprised of HK-2 cells. Experimental groups included co-culturing HK-2 cells and macrophage cells (H + M group), co-culturing HK-2 cells and HAP (H + A group), co-culturing macrophage cells and HAP (M + A group), and co-culturing HK-2 cells and macrophage cells with HAP (H + M + A group). In the H + A, M + A, and H + M + A group, we set the concentration of HAP as 5 μg/cm2 (A1) and 10 μg/cm2 (A2). After co-culturing for 2, 4, and 6 h, we detected the expression of CCL-2 in the liquid by ELISA. We tested the expression of LDH and ROS to evaluate the damage of HK-2 cells. We assessed the apoptosis of HK-2 cells using DAPI staining assay, flow cytometry, and the rate of BAX/BCL-2. Western Blotting detected OPN, Fetuin-A, BAX, and BCL-2 of HK-2 cells. The expression of CCL-2 in the medium of H + A1 and H + A2 group increased significantly compared with the control (P < 0.05); CCL-2 of M + A1 and M + A2 group was higher than the H + A1 and H + A2 group (P < 0.05). The expression of CCL-2 in H + M + A1 and H + M + A2 group was also higher than M + A1 and M + A2 group (P < 0.05). Compared with control, the expression of OPN, LDH release, the ratio of BAX/BCL-2, and the generation of ROS in HK-2 cells increased in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Compared with the control, the expression of Fetuin-A decreased in various degrees at different incubation periods. Especially when co-culturing for 6 h, Fetuin-A decreased most seriously in the H + M + A1 group. (1) The HAP can induce the HK-2 cells oxidative stress and inflammatory damage and apoptosis, when adding the macrophages to co-culture, macrophage cells can aggravate the damage and apoptosis of the HK-2 cells. (2) After the stimulation of HAP, the expression of OPN in HK-2 cells increased in a time- and dose-dependent manner; macrophage cells can aggravate the increase of OPN in HK-2 cells. (3) In the HAP and HK-2 cells co-cultured system, the low-level Fetuin-A of HK-2 cells may be related to the excessive consumption of Fetuin-A in the process of HAP-induced renal tubular epithelial cell excessive oxidative stress, inflammatory injury, and cell apoptosis. When adding macrophage cells to co-culture, Fetuin-A decreased even more seriously, it reminds us that macrophage cells can slightly regulate the expression of Fetuin-A in the HK-2 cells.
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Jablonski H, Polan C, Wedemeyer C, Hilken G, Schlepper R, Bachmann HS, Grabellus F, Dudda M, Jäger M, Kauther MD. A single intraperitoneal injection of bovine fetuin-A attenuates bone resorption in a murine calvarial model of particle-induced osteolysis. Bone 2017; 105:262-268. [PMID: 28942123 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Particle-induced osteolysis, which by definition is an aseptic inflammatory reaction to implant-derived wear debris eventually leading to local bone destruction, remains the major reason for long-term failure of orthopedic endoprostheses. Fetuin-A, a 66kDa glycoprotein with diverse functions, is found to be enriched in bone. Besides being an important inhibitor of ectopic calcification, it has been described to influence the production of mediators of inflammation. Furthermore, a regulatory role in bone metabolism has been assigned. In the present study, the influence of a single dose of bovine fetuin-A, intraperitoneally injected in mice subjected to particle-induced osteolysis of the calvaria, was analyzed. Twenty-eight male C57BL/6 mice, twelve weeks of age, were randomly divided into four groups. Groups 2 and 4 were subjected to ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) particles placed on their calvariae while groups 1 and 3 were sham-operated. Furthermore, groups 3 and 4 received a single intraperitoneal injection of 20mg bovine fetuin-A while groups 1 and 2 were treated with physiologic saline. After 14days calvarial bone was qualitatively and quantitatively assessed using microcomputed tomography (μCT) and histomorphometrical approaches. Application of fetuin-A led to a reduction of particle-induced osteolysis in terms of visible osteolytic lesions and eroded bone surface. The reduction of bone thickness and bone volume, as elicited by UHMWPE, was alleviated by fetuin-A. In conclusion, fetuin-A was found to exert an anti-resorptive effect on particle-induced osteolysis in-vivo. Thus, fetuin-A could play a potentially osteoprotective role in the treatment of bone metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidrun Jablonski
- University Hospital Essen, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen, Germany.
| | - Christina Polan
- University Hospital Essen, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Christian Wedemeyer
- St. Barbara Hospital, Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Barbarastrasse 1, 45964 Gladbeck, Germany
| | - Gero Hilken
- University Hospital Essen, Central Animal Laboratory, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Schlepper
- University Hospital Essen, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Hagen Sjard Bachmann
- University Hospital Essen, Institute of Pharmacogenetics, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Florian Grabellus
- University Hospital Essen, Institute for Pathology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Marcel Dudda
- University Hospital Essen, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Marcus Jäger
- University Hospital Essen, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Max Daniel Kauther
- University Hospital Essen, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
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Brylka LJ, Köppert S, Babler A, Kratz B, Denecke B, Yorgan TA, Etich J, Costa IG, Brachvogel B, Boor P, Schinke T, Jahnen-Dechent W. Post-weaning epiphysiolysis causes distal femur dysplasia and foreshortened hindlimbs in fetuin-A-deficient mice. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187030. [PMID: 29088242 PMCID: PMC5663435 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fetuin-A / α2-Heremans-Schmid-glycoprotein (gene name Ahsg) is a systemic inhibitor of ectopic calcification. Due to its high affinity for calcium phosphate, fetuin-A is highly abundant in mineralized bone matrix. Foreshortened femora in fetuin-A-deficient Ahsg-/- mice indicated a role for fetuin-A in bone formation. We studied early postnatal bone development in fetuin-A-deficient mice and discovered that femora from Ahsg-/- mice exhibited severely displaced distal epiphyses and deformed growth plates, similar to the human disease slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE). The growth plate slippage occurred in 70% of Ahsg-/- mice of both sexes around three weeks postnatal. At this time point, mice weaned and rapidly gained weight and mobility. Epiphysis slippage never occurred in wildtype and heterozygous Ahsg+/- mice. Homozygous fetuin-A-deficient Ahsg-/- mice and, to a lesser degree, heterozygous Ahsg+/- mice showed lesions separating the proliferative zone from the hypertrophic zone of the growth plate. The hypertrophic growth plate cartilage in long bones from Ahsg-/- mice was significantly elongated and V-shaped until three weeks of age and thus prior to the slippage. Genome-wide transcriptome analysis of laser-dissected distal femoral growth plates from 13-day-old Ahsg-/- mice revealed a JAK-STAT-mediated inflammatory response including a 550-fold induction of the chemokine Cxcl9. At this stage, vascularization of the elongated growth plates was impaired, which was visualized by immunofluorescence staining. Thus, fetuin-A-deficient mice may serve as a rodent model of growth plate pathologies including SCFE and inflammatory cartilage degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J. Brylka
- Biointerface Laboratory, Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sina Köppert
- Biointerface Laboratory, Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anne Babler
- Biointerface Laboratory, Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Beate Kratz
- IZKF Genomics Facility, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Bernd Denecke
- IZKF Genomics Facility, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Timur A. Yorgan
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia Etich
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Experimental Neonatology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ivan G. Costa
- IZKF Research Group Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Bent Brachvogel
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Experimental Neonatology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter Boor
- Department of Pathology & Division of Nephrology and Immunology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schinke
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Willi Jahnen-Dechent
- Biointerface Laboratory, Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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26
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Abstract
Fetuin A (also known as α2-Heremans-Schmid glycoprotein) is a protein primarily expressed by the liver and secreted into the blood. Previous studies have suggested that plasma concentrations of fetuin A are elevated with impaired growth rate in swine. The present study was designed to examine the relationship of porcine fetuin A with growth rate in the pig and to also elucidate the regulation of fetuin A expression by examining the hormonal and cytokine regulation of fetuin A mRNA abundance in hepatocytes prepared from suckling piglets. Quantitative real-time PCR assay was used to quantify the number of fetuin A mRNA molecules/molecule cyclophilin mRNA. Total RNA was isolated from liver of three different groups of pigs to assess changes in mRNA abundance of fetuin A: normal piglets at day 1, day 7 day 21 or 6 months of age (n=6 for each age); runt and control piglets at day 1 of age (n=4); slow growing and normal growing piglets at 21 days of age (n=8). Following birth, fetuin A gene expression increased from day 1 and 7 of age (P<0.05), and then declined at 21 days of age (P<0.05), with a much greater decline to 6 months of age (P<0.01). Fetuin A mRNA abundance was higher in runt pigs v. their normal birth weight littermates (P<0.05). Similarly, fetuin A gene expression was higher in livers of pigs that were born at a normal weight but that grew much slower than littermates with the same birth weight (P<0.05). Hepatocytes were isolated from preweaned piglets and maintained in serum-free monolayer culture for up to 72 h to permit examination of the influences of hormones, cytokines and redox modifiers on fetuin A mRNA abundance. Fetuin A gene expression was enhanced by glucagon, T3 and resveratrol (P<0.05). Growth hormone, cytokines (interleukin6, tumor necrosis factor-α) and antioxidants (N-acetylcysteine, quercertin) reduced fetuin A mRNA abundance (P<0.05). A role for fetuin A in postnatal development is suggested by the differences in fetuin A mRNA abundance between runt piglets or slow growing piglets and their normal growing sized littermates. The hepatocyte experiments suggest multiple hormones and cytokines may contribute to the regulation of fetuin A during early growth of the pig.
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Ning B, Zhao Y, Buza JA, Li W, Wang W, Jia T. Surgically‑induced mouse models in the study of bone regeneration: Current models and future directions (Review). Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:1017-1023. [PMID: 28138711 PMCID: PMC5367352 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone regeneration has been extensively studied over the past several decades. The surgically‑induced mouse model is the key animal model for studying bone regeneration, of the various research strategies used. These mouse models mimic the trauma and recovery processes in vivo and serve as carriers for tissue engineering and gene modification to test various therapies or associated genes in bone regeneration. The present review introduces a classification of surgically induced mouse models in bone regeneration, evaluates the application and value of these models and discusses the potential development of further innovations in this field in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ning
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Yunpeng Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - John A Buza
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Wenzhao Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Tanghong Jia
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
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Türer ÇC, Ballı U, Güven B. Fetuin-A, serum amyloid A and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels in periodontal health and disease. Oral Dis 2017; 23:379-386. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- ÇC Türer
- Department of Periodontology; Faculty of Dentistry; Bulent Ecevit University; Zonguldak Turkey
| | - U Ballı
- Department of Periodontology; Faculty of Dentistry; Bulent Ecevit University; Zonguldak Turkey
| | - B Güven
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Medicine; Bulent Ecevit University; Zonguldak Turkey
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Serum vitamin D, intact parathyroid hormone, and Fetuin A concentrations were associated with geriatric sarcopenia and cardiac hypertrophy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40996. [PMID: 28112206 PMCID: PMC5253676 DOI: 10.1038/srep40996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
With aging, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) increases. It plays a crucial role in left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Also, 25-hydroxy vitamin D (Vit-D) and iPTH have been observed to be determinants of muscle wasting known as sarcopenia. Fetuin A (FetA), a systemic calcification inhibitor, involves in the development of diastolic heart failure. Hence, we hypothesized that the interplay among FetA, Vit-D and iPTH may contribute to sarcopenic LVH among the elders. We analyzed a database from the Tianliao Old People study with 541 elders (≥65 years) in a Taiwan’s suburban community. After excluding patients with renal function impairment, 120/449 (26.7%) patients were diagnosed with sarcopenia. Sarcopenic patients had lower serum Vit-D levels but higher FetA as well as iPTH. Notably, sarcopenic patients with LVH had significantly lower FetA and higher iPTH levels. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, only the increase in iPTH was independently associated with sarcopenic LVH (Odds ratio: 1.05; confidence interval: 1.03–1.08, p = 0.005). Using iPTH >52.3 ng/l as a cutoff point, the sensitivity and specificity was 66% and 84%, respectively. In conclusion, FetA, Vit-D, and iPTH levels were all associated with sarcopenia in this geriatric population. Among them, iPTH specifically indicates patients with sarcopenic LVH.
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Vassalle C, Mazzone A. Bone loss and vascular calcification: A bi-directional interplay? Vascul Pharmacol 2016; 86:77-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Relationship between Fetuin A, Vascular Calcification and Fracture Risk in Dialysis Patients. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158789. [PMID: 27398932 PMCID: PMC4939952 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Fractures are a common morbidity that lead to worse outcomes in dialysis patients. Fetuin A inhibits vascular calcification (VC), potentially promotes bone mineralization and its level positively correlates with bone mineral density in the general population. On the other hand, the presence of VC is associated with low bone volume in dialysis patients. Whether the fetuin A level and VC can predict the occurrence of fractures in dialysis patients remains unknown. Methods We performed this prospective, observational cohort study including 685 dialysis patients (629 hemodialysis and 56 peritoneal dialysis) from a single center in Taiwan for a median follow-up period of 3.4 years. The baseline fetuin A level and status of presence of aortic arch calcification (VC) and incidence of major fractures (hip, pelvis, humerus, proximal forearm, lower leg or vertebrae) were assessed using adjusted Cox proportional hazards models, recursive partitioning analysis and competing risk models. Results Overall, 177 of the patients had major fractures. The incidence rate of major fractures was 3.29 per 100 person-years. In adjusted analyses, the patients with higher baseline fetuin A levels had a lower incidence of fractures (adjusted hazard ratio (HR), 0.3; 95% CI, 0.18‒0.5, fetuin A tertile 3 vs. tertile 1 and HR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.34‒0.78, tertile 2 vs. tertile 1). The presence of aortic arch calcification (VC) independently predicted the occurrence of fractures (adjusted HR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.34‒2.84) as well. When accounting for death as an event in competing risk models, the patients with higher baseline fetuin A levels remained to have a lower incidence of fractures (SHR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.17‒0.56, fetuin A tertile 3 vs. tertile 1 and 0.51; 95% CI, 0.32‒0.81, tertile 2 vs. tertile 1). Interpretations Lower baseline fetuin A levels and the presence of VC were independently linked to higher risk of incident fractures in prevalent dialysis patients.
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Robinson KN, Teran-Garcia M. From infancy to aging: Biological and behavioral modifiers of Fetuin-A. Biochimie 2016; 124:141-149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Fetuin-A as a predicator of sarcopenic left ventricular dysfunction. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12078. [PMID: 26159840 PMCID: PMC4498243 DOI: 10.1038/srep12078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is an aging condition involving low muscle mass and function. Fetuin-A (FetA) appears to be a factor for body composition remodeling. We hypothesized that age increases FetA levels and deteriorates the myocardial function by affecting diastolic function, especially in people with sarcopenia. We enrolled 541 asymptomatic elderly (≥65 years) patients. Compared with non-sarcopenic population, FetA levels were significantly elevated in the ninety-two (17%) patients (79 ± 6 years; male: 34.7%) diagnosed with sarcopenia (621.1 ± 140.7 vs. 697.3 ± 179.6 μg/ml, < 0.001). Sarcopenic left ventricular dysfunction (S-LVD) was defined by the coexistence of sarcopenia and systolic impairment (LVEF < 50%) and 23 (4.3%) of them met the criteria. Patients with S-LVD showed relatively reduced systolic heart function, higher end-diastolic pressure and a higher FetA level (all p < 0.001) than did those with sarcopenia but without LV dysfunction (S-NLVD). Conversely, in the group without sarcopenia, FetA levels were similar regardless of systolic function. Multivariable logistic regression showed that older age, impaired diastolic function, and higher FetA levels were significantly associated with S-LVD. In conclusion, we found that FetA was significantly higher in elderly patients with sarcopenia, which was associated with impaired diastolic and systolic functions.
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The role of fetuin-A in mineral trafficking and deposition. BONEKEY REPORTS 2015; 4:672. [PMID: 25987986 DOI: 10.1038/bonekey.2015.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Calcium and phosphate are the principle ions involved in the deposition of mineral in the human body. Inhibitors of mineralisation are essential for the prevention of ectopic mineral precipitation and deposition. In the past decade, through in vitro, in vivo and clinical observation studies, we have come to appreciate the importance of fetuin-A (Fet-A), a circulating glycoprotein, in preventing ectopic calcium phosphate mineralisation. Moreover, the detection of Fet-A-containing mineral complex, termed calciprotein particles (CPPs), has provided new ways to assess an individual's calcific risk. The pathophysiological significance of CPPs in disease states is yet to be defined, but it provides an exciting avenue to further our understanding of the development of ectopic mineralisation.
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Discovery and horizontal follow-up of an autoantibody signature in human prostate cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:2515-20. [PMID: 25675522 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1500097112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to an urgent need for improved diagnostic and predictive serum biomarkers for management of metastatic prostate cancer, we used phage display fingerprinting to analyze sequentially acquired serum samples from a patient with advancing prostate cancer. We identified a peptide ligand, CTFAGSSC, demonstrating an increased recovery frequency over time. Serum antibody reactivity to this peptide epitope increased in the index patient, in parallel with development of deteriorating symptoms. The antigen mimicking the peptide epitope was identified as alpha-2-Heremans-Schmid glycoprotein, also known as fetuin-A. Metastatic prostate cancer cell lines and bone metastasis samples displayed robust fetuin-A expression, and we demonstrated serum immune reactivity to fetuin-A with concomitant development of metastatic castrate-resistant disease in a large cohort of prostate cancer patients. Whereas fetuin-A is an established tumor antigen in several types of cancer, including breast cancer, glioblastoma, and pancreas cancer, this report is to our knowledge the first study implicating fetuin-A in prostate cancer and indicating that autoantibodies specific for fetuin-A show utility as a prognostic indicator for prostate cancer patients prone to progress to metastatic disease.
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Mandair GS, Morris MD. Contributions of Raman spectroscopy to the understanding of bone strength. BONEKEY REPORTS 2015; 4:620. [PMID: 25628882 DOI: 10.1038/bonekey.2014.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy is increasingly commonly used to understand how changes in bone composition and structure influence tissue-level bone mechanical properties. The spectroscopic technique provides information on bone mineral and matrix collagen components and on the effects of various matrix proteins on bone material properties as well. The Raman spectrum of bone not only contains information on bone mineral crystallinity that is related to bone hardness but also provides information on the orientation of mineral crystallites with respect to the collagen fibril axis. Indirect information on collagen cross-links is also available and will be discussed. After a short introduction to bone Raman spectroscopic parameters and collection methodologies, advances in in vivo Raman spectroscopic measurements for animal and human subject studies will be reviewed. A discussion on the effects of aging, osteogenesis imperfecta, osteoporosis and therapeutic agents on bone composition and mechanical properties will be highlighted, including genetic mouse models in which structure-function and exercise effects are explored. Similarly, extracellular matrix proteins, proteases and transcriptional proteins implicated in the regulation of bone material properties will be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurjit S Mandair
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael D Morris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Desjardin C, Riviere J, Vaiman A, Morgenthaler C, Diribarne M, Zivy M, Robert C, Le Moyec L, Wimel L, Lepage O, Jacques C, Cribiu E, Schibler L. Omics technologies provide new insights into the molecular physiopathology of equine osteochondrosis. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:947. [PMID: 25359417 PMCID: PMC4233069 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Osteochondrosis (OC(D)) is a juvenile osteo-articular disorder affecting several mammalian species. In horses, OC(D) is considered as a multifactorial disease and has been described as a focal disruption of endochondral ossification leading to the development of osteoarticular lesions. Nevertheless, OC(D) physiopathology is poorly understood. Affected horses may present joint swelling, stiffness and lameness. Thus, OC(D) is a major concern for the equine industry. Our study was designed as an integrative approach using omics technologies for the identification of constitutive defects in epiphyseal cartilage and/or subchondral bone associated with the development of primary lesions to further understand OC(D) pathology. This study compared samples from non-affected joints (hence lesion-free) from OC(D)-affected foals (n = 5, considered predisposed samples) with samples from OC-free foals (n = 5) considered as control samples. Consequently, results are not confounded by changes associated with the evolution of the lesion, but focus on altered constitutive molecular mechanisms. Comparative proteomics and micro computed tomography analyses were performed on predisposed and OC-free bone and cartilage samples. Metabolomics was also performed on synovial fluid from OC-free, OC(D)-affected and predisposed joints. Results Two lesion subtypes were identified: OCD (lesion with fragment) and OC (osteochondral defects). Modulated proteins were identified using omics technologies (2-DE proteomics) in cartilage and bone from affected foals compare to OC-free foals. These were associated with cellular processes including cell cycle, energy production, cell signaling and adhesion as well as tissue-specific processes such as chondrocyte maturation, extracellular matrix and mineral metabolism. Of these, five had already been identified in synovial fluid of OC-affected foals: ACTG1 (actin, gamma 1), albumin, haptoglobin, FBG (fibrinogen beta chain) and C4BPA (complement component 4 binding protein, alpha). Conclusion This study suggests that OCD lesions may result from a cartilage defect whereas OC lesions may be triggered by both bone and cartilage defects, suggesting that different molecular mechanisms responsible for the equine osteochondrosis lesion subtypes and predisposition could be due to a defect in both bone and cartilage. This study will contribute to refining the definition of OC(D) lesions and may improve diagnosis and development of therapies for horses and other species, including humans. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-947) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Laurent Schibler
- INRA, UMR1313, Biologie Intégrative et Génétique Animale, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
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Kakkar F, Lamarre V, Ducruet T, Boucher M, Valois S, Soudeyns H, Lapointe N. Impact of maternal HIV-1 viremia on lymphocyte subsets among HIV-exposed uninfected infants: protective mechanism or immunodeficiency. BMC Infect Dis 2014; 14:236. [PMID: 24885498 PMCID: PMC4024098 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reports of increased morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases among HIV Exposed Uninfected (HEU) infants have raised concern about a possible underlying immunodeficiency among them. The objective of this study was to assess the immunological profile of HEU infants born to mothers exhibiting different levels of HIV-1 viremia at the time of delivery. METHODS Study subjects were enrolled in the Centre maternel et infantile sur le SIDA (CMIS) mother-child cohort between 1997 and 2010 (n =585). Infant CD4+ T cell, CD8+ T cell and CD19+ B cell counts were assessed at 2 and 6 months of age, and compared among HEU infants in groups defined by maternal viral load (VL) at the time of delivery (VL < 50 copies/ml, VL 50-1000 copies/ml, and VL > 1000 copies/ml) in a multivariable analysis. RESULTS At 2 months of age, infants born to mothers with VL > 1000 copies/ml had lower CD4+ T cell counts compared to those born to mothers with VL < 50 copies/ml at the time of delivery (44.3% versus 48.3%, p = 0.007, and 2884 vs. 2432 cells/mm3, p = 0.02). These differences remained significant after adjusting for maternal and infant antiretroviral drug use, gender, race and gestational age, and persisted at 6 months of age. There were no differences in CD8+ T cell count or absolute CD19+ B cell count between groups, though higher CD19+ B cell percentage was seen among infants born to mothers with VL > 1000 copies/ml. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that exposure to high levels of HIV-1 viremia in utero, even in the absence of perinatal transmission, may affect the infant's developing immune system. While further work needs to be done to confirm these findings, they reinforce the need for optimal treatment of HIV infected pregnant women, and careful follow-up of HEU infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Kakkar
- Division of Infectious Diseases, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Côte Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1C5, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Centre maternel et infantile sur le SIDA, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Canada
| | - Valerie Lamarre
- Division of Infectious Diseases, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Côte Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1C5, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Centre maternel et infantile sur le SIDA, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Canada
| | - Thierry Ducruet
- Unité de recherche clinique appliquée, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Canada
| | - Marc Boucher
- Centre maternel et infantile sur le SIDA, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Canada
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Canada
| | - Silvie Valois
- Centre maternel et infantile sur le SIDA, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Canada
| | - Hugo Soudeyns
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Unité d’immunopathologie virale, Centre de recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Normand Lapointe
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Centre maternel et infantile sur le SIDA, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Canada
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Thevenon J, Callier P, Poquet H, Bache I, Menten B, Malan V, Cavaliere ML, Girod JP, Thauvin-Robinet C, El Chehadeh S, Pinoit JM, Huet F, Verges B, Petit JM, Mosca-Boidron AL, Marle N, Mugneret F, Masurel-Paulet A, Novelli A, Tümer Z, Loeys B, Lyonnet S, Faivre L. 3q27.3 microdeletional syndrome: a recognisable clinical entity associating dysmorphic features, marfanoid habitus, intellectual disability and psychosis with mood disorder. J Med Genet 2013; 51:21-7. [DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2013-101939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Brylka L, Jahnen-Dechent W. The role of fetuin-A in physiological and pathological mineralization. Calcif Tissue Int 2013; 93:355-64. [PMID: 23277412 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-012-9690-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Mineralization in higher vertebrates is restricted to bones and teeth. Pathological calcification is mostly known in vasculature but can basically affect all soft tissues. Simply put, tissue mineralization occurs through the interplay of three key determinants: extracellular matrix suitable for mineralization, extracellular levels of inorganic phosphate and calcium, and the levels of mineralization inhibitors that may be expressed systemically or locally. In this article we describe the role of a prototypic systemic inhibitor protein of mineralization, the hepatic plasma protein α2-Heremans-Schmid glycoprotein/fetuin-A. Fetuin-A mediates the formation of stable colloidal mineral-protein complexes called calciprotein particles (CPPs). Thus, fetuin-A is important in the stabilization and clearance of amorphous mineral precursor phases. Efficient clearance of CPPs and, thus, of excess mineral from circulation prevents local buildup of mineral and calcification of soft tissue. Besides calcium phosphate binding, fetuin-A also acts as a carrier for lipids, which may influence calcification, inflammation, and apoptosis. Fetuin-A-deficient (Ahsg(-/-)) mice show impaired growth of their long bones and premature growth plate closure. We posit that the absence of fetuin-A in the growth plate causes simultaneous lack of calcification inhibition and excess lipid hormone signaling, leading to premature growth plate mineralization and shortened long bones. This suggests that fetuin-A regulates endochondral ossification through mineralization inhibition and lipid (hormone) binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Brylka
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Biointerface Group, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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Landis WJ, Jacquet R. Association of calcium and phosphate ions with collagen in the mineralization of vertebrate tissues. Calcif Tissue Int 2013; 93:329-37. [PMID: 23543143 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-013-9725-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Among the vertebrate species, collagen is the most abundant protein and is associated with mineralization of their skeleton and dentition in all tissues except enamel. In such tissues, bones, calcifying tendon, dentin, and cementum are comprised principally of type I collagen, which has been proposed as a template for apatite mineral formation. Recent considerations of the interaction between type I collagen and calcium and phosphate ions as the major constituents of apatite have suggested that collagen polypeptide stereochemistry underlies binding of these ions at sites within collagen hole and overlap regions and leads to nucleation of crystals. The concept is fundamental to understanding both normal and abnormal mineralization, and it is reviewed in this article. Given this background, avenues for additional research studies in vertebrate mineralization will also be described. The latter include, for instance, how mineralization events subsequent to nucleation, that is, crystal growth and development, occur and whether they, too, are directed by collagen stereochemical parameters; whether mineralization can be expected in all spaces between collagen molecules; whether the side chains of charged amino acid residues actually point toward and into the hole and overlap collagen spaces to provide putative binding sites for calcium and phosphate ions; and what phenomena may be responsible for mineralization beyond hole and overlap zones and into extracellular tissue regions between collagen structural units. These questions will be discussed to provide a broader understanding of collagen contributions to potential mechanisms of vertebrate mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Landis
- Department of Polymer Science, Goodyear Polymer Center, University of Akron, Room 1201C, 170 University Avenue, Akron, OH, 44325-3909, USA,
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Musso G, Paschetta E, Gambino R, Cassader M, Molinaro F. Interactions among bone, liver, and adipose tissue predisposing to diabesity and fatty liver. Trends Mol Med 2013; 19:522-35. [PMID: 23816817 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2013.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Growing epidemiological evidence connects obesity and its complications, including metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to reduced bone health and osteoporosis. Parallel to human studies, experimental data disclosed a complex network of interaction among adipose tissue, the liver, and the bone, which reciprocally modulate the function of each other. The main mediators of such crosstalk include hormonal/cytokine signals from the bone (osteopontin, osteocalcin, and osteoprotegerin), the liver (fetuin-A), and adipose tissue [leptin, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and adiponectin]. Dysregulation of this network promotes the development of diabesity, NAFLD, and osteoporosis. We will review recent advances in understanding the mechanisms of bone-liver-adipose tissue interaction predisposing to obesity, diabetes, NAFLD, and osteoporosis and their potential clinical implications.
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Granke M, Gourrier A, Rupin F, Raum K, Peyrin F, Burghammer M, Saïed A, Laugier P. Microfibril orientation dominates the microelastic properties of human bone tissue at the lamellar length scale. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58043. [PMID: 23472132 PMCID: PMC3589472 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The elastic properties of bone tissue determine the biomechanical behavior of bone at the organ level. It is now widely accepted that the nanoscale structure of bone plays an important role to determine the elastic properties at the tissue level. Hence, in addition to the mineral density, the structure and organization of the mineral nanoparticles and of the collagen microfibrils appear as potential key factors governing the elasticity. Many studies exist on the role of the organization of collagen microfibril and mineral nanocrystals in strongly remodeled bone. However, there is no direct experimental proof to support the theoretical calculations. Here, we provide such evidence through a novel approach combining several high resolution imaging techniques: scanning acoustic microscopy, quantitative scanning small-Angle X-ray scattering imaging and synchrotron radiation computed microtomography. We find that the periodic modulations of elasticity across osteonal bone are essentially determined by the orientation of the mineral nanoparticles and to a lesser extent only by the particle size and density. Based on the strong correlation between the orientation of the mineral nanoparticles and the collagen molecules, we conclude that the microfibril orientation is the main determinant of the observed undulations of microelastic properties in regions of constant mineralization in osteonal lamellar bone. This multimodal approach could be applied to a much broader range of fibrous biological materials for the purpose of biomimetic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Granke
- UMPC Univ Paris 6, UMR 7623, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Paramétrique, Paris, France.
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