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Hul LM, Ibelli AMG, Peixoto JDO, Souza MR, Savoldi IR, Marcelino DEP, Tremea M, Ledur MC. Reference genes for proximal femoral epiphysiolysis expression studies in broilers cartilage. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238189. [PMID: 32841273 PMCID: PMC7447007 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of reference genes is required for relative quantification in gene expression analysis and the stability of these genes can be variable depending on the experimental design. Therefore, it is indispensable to test the reliability of endogenous genes previously to their use. This study evaluated nine candidate reference genes to select the most stable genes to be used as reference in gene expression studies with the femoral cartilage of normal and epiphysiolysis-affected broilers. The femur articular cartilage of 29 male broilers with 35 days of age was collected, frozen and further submitted to RNA extraction and quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis. The candidate reference genes evaluated were GAPDH, HMBS, HPRT1, MRPS27, MRPS30, RPL30, RPL4, RPL5, and RPLP1. For the gene stability evaluation, three software were used: GeNorm, BestKeeper and NormFinder, and a global ranking was generated using the function RankAggreg. In this study, the RPLP1 and RPL5 were the most reliable endogenous genes being recommended for expression studies with femur cartilage in broilers with epiphysiolysis and possible other femur anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Mudri Hul
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Guarapuava, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Adriana Mércia Guaratini Ibelli
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Guarapuava, Paraná, Brazil
- Embrapa Suínos e Aves, Concórdia, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Jane de Oliveira Peixoto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Guarapuava, Paraná, Brazil
- Embrapa Suínos e Aves, Concórdia, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Mayla Regina Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, UDESC-Oeste, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Igor Ricardo Savoldi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, UDESC-Oeste, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Mateus Tremea
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, campus Palmeira das Missões, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mônica Corrêa Ledur
- Embrapa Suínos e Aves, Concórdia, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, UDESC-Oeste, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Brylka LJ, Köppert S, Babler A, Kratz B, Denecke B, Yorgan TA, Etich J, Costa IG, Brachvogel B, Boor P, Schinke T, Jahnen-Dechent W. Post-weaning epiphysiolysis causes distal femur dysplasia and foreshortened hindlimbs in fetuin-A-deficient mice. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187030. [PMID: 29088242 PMCID: PMC5663435 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fetuin-A / α2-Heremans-Schmid-glycoprotein (gene name Ahsg) is a systemic inhibitor of ectopic calcification. Due to its high affinity for calcium phosphate, fetuin-A is highly abundant in mineralized bone matrix. Foreshortened femora in fetuin-A-deficient Ahsg-/- mice indicated a role for fetuin-A in bone formation. We studied early postnatal bone development in fetuin-A-deficient mice and discovered that femora from Ahsg-/- mice exhibited severely displaced distal epiphyses and deformed growth plates, similar to the human disease slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE). The growth plate slippage occurred in 70% of Ahsg-/- mice of both sexes around three weeks postnatal. At this time point, mice weaned and rapidly gained weight and mobility. Epiphysis slippage never occurred in wildtype and heterozygous Ahsg+/- mice. Homozygous fetuin-A-deficient Ahsg-/- mice and, to a lesser degree, heterozygous Ahsg+/- mice showed lesions separating the proliferative zone from the hypertrophic zone of the growth plate. The hypertrophic growth plate cartilage in long bones from Ahsg-/- mice was significantly elongated and V-shaped until three weeks of age and thus prior to the slippage. Genome-wide transcriptome analysis of laser-dissected distal femoral growth plates from 13-day-old Ahsg-/- mice revealed a JAK-STAT-mediated inflammatory response including a 550-fold induction of the chemokine Cxcl9. At this stage, vascularization of the elongated growth plates was impaired, which was visualized by immunofluorescence staining. Thus, fetuin-A-deficient mice may serve as a rodent model of growth plate pathologies including SCFE and inflammatory cartilage degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J. Brylka
- Biointerface Laboratory, Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sina Köppert
- Biointerface Laboratory, Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anne Babler
- Biointerface Laboratory, Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Beate Kratz
- IZKF Genomics Facility, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Bernd Denecke
- IZKF Genomics Facility, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Timur A. Yorgan
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia Etich
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Experimental Neonatology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ivan G. Costa
- IZKF Research Group Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Bent Brachvogel
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Experimental Neonatology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter Boor
- Department of Pathology & Division of Nephrology and Immunology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schinke
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Willi Jahnen-Dechent
- Biointerface Laboratory, Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Lim YJ, Lam KS, Lee EH. Slipped capital femoral epiphysis in two Indian brothers--the inheritance of slipped capital femoral epiphysis reviewed. Ann Acad Med Singap 2007; 36:873-874. [PMID: 17987243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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Flores M, Satish SG, Key T. Slipped capital femoral epiphysis in identical twins: is there an HLA predisposition? Report of a case and review of the literature. Bull Hosp Jt Dis 2006; 63:158-60. [PMID: 16878839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Flores
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, James Paget Healthcare NHS Trust, Great Yarmouth, United Kingdom NR31 6LA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Of the many studies of slipped capital femoral epiphysis, none have specifically addressed Amish children. The Amish reflect a small gene pool relative to the general white North American population. Additional knowledge of the demographics of this disorder in Amish children may provide genetic insights. The purpose of this study was to review the demographics of slipped capital femoral epiphysis in the Amish population. METHODS A retrospective review of the cases of twenty-five Amish children with slipped capital femoral epiphysis treated at two institutions was performed. The child's gender, age, weight, height, and body mass index at the time of the diagnosis; duration of symptoms; laterality of the slip; birth weight; family history; and slip severity were recorded. The slip was classified as stable or unstable. Patients who had been included in a previously published multicenter study served as a control group. RESULTS There were seventeen boys and eight girls with a total of thirty-three slipped capital femoral epiphyses; eight of the slips were bilateral. At the time of the diagnosis, the mean age (and standard deviation) was 13.4 +/- 1.6 years, the mean weight and height were 55.6 +/-12.4 kg and 155.5 +/- 10.2 cm, and the mean body mass index was 23.4 +/- 5.4 kg/m(2). The mean duration of symptoms was 6.6 +/-9.0 months. There were thirty-one stable and two unstable slips with a mean slip angle of 38 degrees +/- 20 degrees . Nine (39%) of twenty-three children for whom the information had been recorded had a positive family history of slipped capital femoral epiphysis, a rate that is higher than the 9% and 14.5% rates reported in two other series (p = 0.002). The Amish children were not as heavy as their non-Amish counterparts (55.6 +/- 12.4 kg compared with 66.4 +/- 17.7 kg, p = 0.0036). CONCLUSIONS Although the children in this study were moderately heavy, they could not be classified as obese on the basis of weight-for-age or body-mass-index percentiles. The high prevalence of family members with slipped capital femoral epiphysis may reflect either a genetic or environmental component, or an interaction between genetics and environment (for example, work load or common chores requiring particular physical positions) in the Amish population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall T Loder
- James Whitcomb Riley Hospital for Children, Room 4250, 702 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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Abstract
AIM The frequency of bilateral slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is 5-80%. A set of boy twins developed left-sided SCFE within 2 years. We tried to find a relationship between SCFE and HLA typing. METHOD We obtained the HLA typing and compared it to previously reported cases. RESULTS By comparing 14 gene loci we made sure that they are identical twins. In our patients as well as in may of previously reported cases of sets of boy twins HLA phenotype A2 were found, while in the sets of girl twins HLA phenotype A11 and B12 were found. CONCLUSIONS HLA phenotyping is needed in a larger number of SCFE twin cases to evaluate phenotypic patterns for coincidence to provide a basis for the genetic expression of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Siemon
- Orthopädische Universitätsklinik Regensburg im Rheuma-Zentrum Bad Abbach.
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Abstract
Studies from three different countries have linked the HLA B12 and DR4 antigens with slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE). We questioned whether our patients shared in common either of these antigens. HLA phenotype was determined in 7 patients with SCFE, two of whom were brothers with almost identical haplotypes. The B12 antigen was found in none of our patients and the DR4 in only 3. Neither of the 2 brothers held the DR4 antigen. The commonest antigens (also shared by the 2 brothers) were B35, present in 5 and DR52 in 4 of 7 patients. We conclude that neither the previously described B12 nor the DR4 antigen can reliably serve as genetic markers for SCFE in our region.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Wong-Chung
- />Department of Orthopedics, Salmaniya Medical Center, P.O. Box 12, Bahrain e-mail: Tel/Fax: + 973-791-299, , , , BH
| | - Y. Al-Aali
- />Department of Orthopedics, Salmaniya Medical Center, P.O. Box 12, Bahrain e-mail: Tel/Fax: + 973-791-299, , , , BH
| | - I. Farid
- />Department of Pathology, Salmaniya Medical Center, P.O. Box 12, Bahrain, , , , BH
| | - A. Al-Aradi
- />Department of Orthopedics, Salmaniya Medical Center, P.O. Box 12, Bahrain e-mail: Tel/Fax: + 973-791-299, , , , BH
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Abstract
Hip disease occurs in between 8% and 28% of patients with Down's syndrome, many of whom develop disabling pain. We have carried out total hip replacement in six adult patients (9 hips) with severe arthritis of the hip. The mean follow-up was 7.75 years (2 to 14). At the latest review, all had relief of pain and full hip function. Increasing longevity and a high incidence of hip disease in these patients suggest a greater role for total hip arthroplasty in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kioschos
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201-3098, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Bednarz
- Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, USA
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Diwan A, Diamond T, Clarke R, Patel MK, Murrell GA, Sekel R. Familial slipped capital femoral epiphysis: a report and considerations in management. Aust N Z J Surg 1998; 68:647-9. [PMID: 9737261 DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-2197.1998.tb04836.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Familial inheritance of slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is known. It has not been described in non-identical twins. A family where the mother and three of five siblings developed SCFE were investigated and managed. METHODS Anthropometric measurement consisted of height-weight ratios. Serum sex hormone levels and bone Gla Protein was measured. Bone mineral densities were evaluated. RESULTS The affected siblings had higher bodyweight percentiles. Other investigations were within normal limits. CONCLUSION The unfavourable height-to-weight ratio was one of the mainstays in developing a management protocol for all siblings. The management protocol developed for the family is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Diwan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St George Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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Abstract
We describe slipped capital femoral epiphysis in 4 members of a black, obese family, who were all first-degree relatives. The aetiology of slipped capital femoral epiphysis is unknown, although it is thought to be multifactorial. Genetic predisposition and environmental factors have been associated with the condition. A familial incidence with at least two cases in the same family has been reported. In epidemiological studies, this incidence ranges from 3% to 35%. Our cases were investigated in an attempt to find a possible aetiological genetic factor. A genetic predisposition with an autosomal dominant pattern of transmission is suggested, although environmental variables must be considered as provocative factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Moreira
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hospital Curry Cabral, Lisbon, Portugal
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Abstract
The HLA genotypes of six patients with acute grade I slipped capital femoral epiphysis as determined by microlymphocytotoxic technique revealed HLA-DR4 as their phenotypes. These results contradict the previously reported HLA-B12 as the phenotype of patients with slipped capital femoral epiphysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Günal
- Department of Orthopedics, Osmangazi University Hospital, Eskişehir, Turkey
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Affiliation(s)
- P Montskó
- Department of Orthopedics, Medical School of Pécs, Hungary
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Abstract
The association of Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RTS) and slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is described in a girl aged 9 years and 10 months. SCFE has never been reported associated with RTS, neither as an isolated anomaly, nor in a familial pedigree. However, a "stiff gait" is frequently described in RTS patients and, furthermore, obesity is a frequent feature of RTS patients. Some reports in the literature suggest the need for an early diagnosis of SCFE among adolescent relatives of patients with SCFE. Since many SCFEs are asymptomatic and an early diagnosis is essential for a favorable prognosis, we suggest an annual echotomographic or radiological examination of the hips in RTS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bonioli
- Istituto Scientifico di Clinica Pediatrica, Università di Genova, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- C P Allen
- St. George's Hospital, London, England
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Abstract
In 50 consecutive cases of slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) from 49 families, the heredity was analyzed by radiographic examination of the first-degree relatives and by interview regarding the second-degree relatives. In four of the 49 families, SCFE was obvious in one or more first-degree relatives; and in another 13 families (14 relatives), radiographic signs of SCFE were found besides the primary case. The familial accumulation was much higher than expected from incidence studies, indicating a hereditary factor in the etiology.
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Abstract
A male, his son, and grandson all had a slipped capital femoral epiphysis (physiolysis colli femoris--PCF). The importance of inheritance in PCF is discussed.
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Holm-Bentzen M, Nielsen CB. [Familial slipped upper femoral epiphyses]. Ugeskr Laeger 1982; 144:717-8. [PMID: 7101496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Salmerón Moctezuma J, Azpiazu Lee J, Guízar Vázquez J. [Epiphysiolisthesis of the femur head in 2 brothers]. Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex 1981; 38:177-81. [PMID: 7284066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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Ochsner PE, Razavi R, Schinzel A. [Slipped capital femoral epiphyses in ten members of one family: probably autosomal dominant transmission with variable penetrance (author's transl)]. Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb 1977; 115:840-7. [PMID: 602375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Ten members of a family suffered from slipped capital femoral epiphyses (ECF), and two further descendants had coxarthrosis possibly following subclinical course of an ECF. This pedigree is suggestive for a dominant inheritance with variable penetrance. Besides a few families with more than two affected members, almost 95% of the cases in the literature occur sporadically, many of these probably representing phenocopies. In view of the recurrence risk (at least 5% in sporadic cases), genetic counseling of the parents of any patient is recommended. Since early onset of treatment improves the prognosis considerably, parents of an affected child should be informed to pay special attention to early symptoms in their younger children. Moreover, preventive radiological examinations may be indicated in families at a higher risk. For imminent ECF, bilateral epiphyseal spiking is the treatment of choice.
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Gorin RL. Slipped capital femoral epiphyses in identical twins: report of case. J Am Osteopath Assoc 1977; 77:124-8. [PMID: 562864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Kelsey JL. Epidemiology of slipped capital femoral epiphysis: a review of the literature. Pediatrics 1973; 51:1042-50. [PMID: 4351019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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Beck E. [Familial occurrence of epiphysiolysis capitis femoris]. Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb 1968; 105:112-8. [PMID: 4247829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Carlioz H, Pous JG, Rey JC. [Upper femoral epiphysiolysis]. Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot 1968; 54:387-491. [PMID: 4235528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Schreiber A, Schmied HR. [Contribution to the knowledge on epiphyseolisis capitis femoris. Accumulated familial occurrence]. Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb 1968; 104:368-75. [PMID: 4233343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Hunt DD, Ponseti IV, Pedrini-Mille A, Pedrini V. Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia in two siblings. Histological and biochemical analyses of epiphyseal plate cartilage in one. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1967; 49:1611-27. [PMID: 4229795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Rennie AM. Familial slipped upper femoral epiphysis. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1967; 49:535-9. [PMID: 6037567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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DePalma AF, Danyo JJ, Stose WG. Slipping of the upper femoral epiphysis. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1964; 37:167-83. [PMID: 5889130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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