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Charagh S, Hui S, Wang J, Raza A, Zhou L, Xu B, Zhang Y, Sheng Z, Tang S, Hu S, Hu P. Unveiling Innovative Approaches to Mitigate Metals/Metalloids Toxicity for Sustainable Agriculture. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14226. [PMID: 38410873 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Due to anthropogenic activities, environmental pollution of heavy metals/metalloids (HMs) has increased and received growing attention in recent decades. Plants growing in HM-contaminated soils have slower growth and development, resulting in lower agricultural yield. Exposure to HMs leads to the generation of free radicals (oxidative stress), which alters plant morpho-physiological and biochemical pathways at the cellular and tissue levels. Plants have evolved complex defense mechanisms to avoid or tolerate the toxic effects of HMs, including HMs absorption and accumulation in cell organelles, immobilization by forming complexes with organic chelates, extraction via numerous transporters, ion channels, signaling cascades, and transcription elements, among others. Nonetheless, these internal defensive mechanisms are insufficient to overcome HMs toxicity. Therefore, unveiling HMs adaptation and tolerance mechanisms is necessary for sustainable agriculture. Recent breakthroughs in cutting-edge approaches such as phytohormone and gasotransmitters application, nanotechnology, omics, and genetic engineering tools have identified molecular regulators linked to HMs tolerance, which may be applied to generate HMs-tolerant future plants. This review summarizes numerous systems that plants have adapted to resist HMs toxicity, such as physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses. Diverse adaptation strategies have also been comprehensively presented to advance plant resilience to HMs toxicity that could enable sustainable agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidra Charagh
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Suozhen Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Ali Raza
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhonghua Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaoqing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Shikai Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Peisong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
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Szőllősi R, Molnár Á, Janovszky P, Kéri A, Galbács G, Dernovics M, Kolbert Z. Selenate triggers diverse oxidative responses in Astragalus species with diverse selenium tolerance and hyperaccumulation capacity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 202:107976. [PMID: 37625253 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) hyperaccumulators are capable of uptake and tolerate high Se dosages. Excess Se-induced oxidative responses were compared in Astragalus bisulcatus and Astragalus cicer. Plants were grown on media supplemented with 0, 25 or 75 μM selenate for 14 days. Both A. bisulcatus and A. cicer accumulated >2000 μg/g dry weight Se to the shoot but the translocation factors of A. cicer were below 1 suggesting its non hyperaccumulator nature. A. cicer showed Se sensitivity indicated by reduced seedling fresh weight, root growth and root apical meristem viability, altered element homeostasis in the presence of Se. In Se-exposed A. bisulcatus, less toxic organic Se forms (mainly MetSeCys, γ-Glu-MetSeCys, and a selenosugar) dominated, while these were absent from A. cicer suggesting that the majority of the accumulated Se may be present as inorganic forms. The glutathione-dependent processes were more affected, while ascorbate levels were not notably influenced by Se in either species. Exogenous Se triggered more intense accumulation of malondialdehyde in the sensitive A. cicer compared with the tolerant A. bisulcatus. The extent of protein carbonylation in the roots of the 75 μM Se-exposed A. cicer exceeded that of A. bisulcatus indicating a correlation between selenate sensitivity and the degree of protein carbonylation. Overall, our results reveal connection between oxidative processes and Se sensitivity/tolerance/hyperaccumulation and contribute to the understanding of the molecular responses to excess Se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Réka Szőllősi
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép alley 52, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Árpád Molnár
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép alley 52, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Patrick Janovszky
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm square 7, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Albert Kéri
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm square 7, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Galbács
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm square 7, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mihály Dernovics
- Department of Plant Physiology, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Brunszvik str. 2., 2462, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Kolbert
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép alley 52, 6726, Szeged, Hungary.
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Hilal B, Khan TA, Fariduddin Q. Recent advances and mechanistic interactions of hydrogen sulfide with plant growth regulators in relation to abiotic stress tolerance in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 196:1065-1083. [PMID: 36921557 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Adverse environmental constraints such as drought, heat, cold, salinity, and heavy metal toxicity are the primary concerns of the agricultural industry across the globe, as these stresses negatively affect yield and quality of crop production and therefore can be a major threat to world food security. Recently, it has been demonstrated that hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which is well-known as a gasotransmitter in animals, also plays a potent role in various growth and developmental processes in plants. H2S, as a potent signaling molecule, is involved in several plant processes such as in the regulation of stomatal pore movements, seed germination, photosynthesis and plant adaptation to environmental stress through gene regulation, post-translation modification of proteins and redox homeostasis. Moreover, a number of experimental studies have revealed that H2S could improve the adaptation capabilities of plants against diverse environmental constraints by mitigating the toxic and damaging effects triggered by stressful environments. An attempt has been made to uncover recent development in the biosynthetic and metabolic pathways of H2S and various physiological functions modulated in plants, H2S donors, their functional mechanism, and application in plants. Specifically, our focus has been on how H2S is involved in combating the destructive effects of abiotic stresses and its role in persulfidation. Furthermore, we have comprehensively elucidated the crosstalk of H2S with plant growth regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bisma Hilal
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Tanveer Ahmad Khan
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Qazi Fariduddin
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
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Wang Z, Ni L, Liu L, Yuan H, Gu C. IlAP2, an AP2/ERF Superfamily Gene, Mediates Cadmium Tolerance by Interacting with IlMT2a in Iris lactea var. chinensis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:823. [PMID: 36840170 PMCID: PMC9959467 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) stress has a major impact on ecosystems, so it is important to find suitable Cd-tolerant plants while elucidating the responsible molecular mechanism for phytoremediation to manage Cd soil contamination. Iris lactea var. chinensis is an ornamental perennial groundcover plant with strong tolerance to Cd. Previous studies found that IlAP2, an AP2/ERF superfamily gene, may be an interacting partner of the metallothionein gene IlMT2a, which plays a key role in Cd tolerance. To study the role of IlAP2 in regulating Cd tolerance in I. lactea, we analyzed its regulation function and mechanism based on a yeast two-hybrid assay, a bimolecular fluorescence complementation test, quantitative real-time PCR, transgenics and transcriptome sequencing. The results showed that IlAP2 interacts with IlMT2a and may cooperate with other transcription factors to regulate genes involved in signal transduction and plant hormones, leading to reduced Cd toxicity by hindering Cd transport. These findings provide insights into the mechanism of IlAP2-mediated stress responses to Cd and important gene resources for improving plant stress tolerance in phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiquan Wang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Memorial Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Longjie Ni
- College of Forest Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Liangqin Liu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Memorial Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Haiyan Yuan
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Memorial Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Chunsun Gu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Memorial Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing 210014, China
- College of Forest Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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Guo L, Ling L, Wang X, Cheng T, Wang H, Ruan Y. Exogenous hydrogen sulfide and methylglyoxal alleviate cadmium-induced oxidative stress in Salix matsudana Koidz by regulating glutathione metabolism. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:73. [PMID: 36732696 PMCID: PMC9893619 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04089-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic element for plant growth. In plants, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and methylglyoxal (MG) have emerged as vital signaling molecules that regulate plant growth processes under Cd stress. However, the effects of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS, a donor of H2S) and MG on Cd uptake, physiological responses, and gene expression patterns of Salix to Cd toxicity have been poorly understood. Here, Salix matsudana Koidz. seedlings were planted in plastic pot with applications of MG (108 mg kg- 1) and NaHS (50 mg kg- 1) under Cd (150 mg kg- 1) stress. RESULTS Cd treatment significantly increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, but decreased the growth parameters in S. matsudana. However, NaHS and MG supplementation significantly decreased Cd concentration, ROS levels, and MDA content, and finally enhanced the growth parameters. Cd stress accelerated the activities of antioxidative enzymes and the relative expression levels of stress-related genes, which were further improved by NaHS and MG supplementation. However, the activities of monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) were sharply decreased under Cd stress. Conversely, NaHS and MG applications restored the MDHAR and DHAR activities compared with Cd-treated seedlings. Furthermore, Cd stress decreased the ratios of GSH/GSSG and AsA/DHA but considerably increased the H2S and MG levels and glyoxalase I-II system in S. matsudana, while the applications of MG and NaHS restored the redox status of AsA and GSH and further improved glyoxalase II activity. In addition, compared with AsA, GSH showed a more sensitive response to exogenous applications of MG and NaHS and plays more important role in the detoxification of Cd. CONCLUSIONS The present study illustrated the crucial roles of H2S and MG in reducing ROS-mediated oxidative damage to S. matsudana and revealed the vital role of GSH metabolism in regulating Cd-induced stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Guo
- School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Long Ling
- School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Ting Cheng
- School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Yanan Ruan
- School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China.
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Cao H, Liang Y, Zhang L, Liu Z, Liu D, Cao X, Deng X, Jin Z, Pei Y. AtPRMT5-mediated AtLCD methylation improves Cd2+ tolerance via increased H2S production in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:2637-2650. [PMID: 35972421 PMCID: PMC9706440 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) PROTEIN ARGININE METHYLTRANSFERASE5 (PRMT5), a highly conserved arginine (Arg) methyltransferase protein, regulates multiple aspects of the growth, development, and environmental stress responses by methylating Arg in histones and some mRNA splicing-related proteins in plants. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a recently characterized gasotransmitter that also regulates various important physiological processes. l-cysteine desulfhydrase (LCD) is a key enzyme of endogenous H2S production. However, our understanding of the upstream regulatory mechanisms of endogenous H2S production is limited in plant cells. Here, we confirmed that AtPRMT5 increases the enzymatic activity of AtLCD through methylation modifications during stress responses. Both atprmt5 and atlcd mutants were sensitive to cadmium (Cd2+), whereas the overexpression (OE) of AtPRMT5 or AtLCD enhanced the Cd2+ tolerance of plants. AtPRMT5 methylated AtLCD at Arg-83, leading to a significant increase in AtLCD enzymatic activity. The Cd2+ sensitivity of atprmt5-2 atlcd double mutants was consistent with that of atlcd plants. When AtPRMT5 was overexpressed in the atlcd mutant, the Cd2+ tolerance of plants was significantly lower than that of AtPRMT5-OE plants in the wild-type background. These results were confirmed in pharmacological experiments. Thus, AtPRMT5 methylation of AtLCD increases its enzymatic activity, thereby strengthening the endogenous H2S signal and ultimately improving plant tolerance to Cd2+ stress. These findings provide further insights into the substrates of AtPRMT5 and increase our understanding of the regulatory mechanism upstream of H2S signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Cao
- School of Life Science and Shanxi Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Regional Plants, Shanxi University, 030006 Taiyuan, China
| | - Yali Liang
- School of Life Science and Shanxi Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Regional Plants, Shanxi University, 030006 Taiyuan, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- School of Life Science and Shanxi Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Regional Plants, Shanxi University, 030006 Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- School of Life Science and Shanxi Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Regional Plants, Shanxi University, 030006 Taiyuan, China
| | - Danmei Liu
- School of Life Science and Shanxi Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Regional Plants, Shanxi University, 030006 Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaofeng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
| | - Xian Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
| | - Zhuping Jin
- School of Life Science and Shanxi Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Regional Plants, Shanxi University, 030006 Taiyuan, China
| | - Yanxi Pei
- School of Life Science and Shanxi Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Regional Plants, Shanxi University, 030006 Taiyuan, China
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Thongnok S, Siripornadulsil W, Siripornadulsil S. Responses to arsenic stress of rice varieties coinoculated with the heavy metal-resistant and rice growth-promoting bacteria Pseudomonas stutzeri and Cupriavidus taiwanensis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 191:42-54. [PMID: 36182828 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As)-contaminated rice paddy fields are spreading globally, and thus, rice grains with low As accumulation at a safe level for consumption is profoundly needed. Rice is highly susceptible to As accumulation, and the responses to As vary among rice varieties. Here, combinations of the AsIII-oxidizing bacteria Pseudomonas stutzeri strains 4.25, 4.27, or 4.44 and Cupriavidus taiwanensis KKU2500-3 were investigated with respect to their responses to As toxicity and rice growth promotion during the early growth stage. All bacterial strains enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, including SOD, CAT, APX, GPX, and GR, under As stress in vitro. Uninoculated and coinoculated rice seedlings of three rice varieties (KDML105, RD6, RD10) were cultivated in hydroponic solution without and with a combination of toxic AsIII and less toxic AsV for 30 days. Compared with uninoculated seedlings, the inoculated seedlings showed higher growth parameters and lower As contents in roots, shoots and throughout the plants. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) and translocation factor were reduced in inoculated seedlings. The effective response of rice to As toxicity influenced by bacteria was highest in KDML105, followed by RD6 and RD10. The root sulfide content was correlated with As accumulation in roots, shoots, and total seedlings and the BCFs. P. stutzeri 4.44 and C. taiwanensis KKU2500-3 were the most promising combinations for application in KDML105 cultivation under As-contaminated conditions. Understanding the basic response of rice coinoculated with effective bacteria at the early stage will provide guidelines for rice cultivation under As conditions at other scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarun Thongnok
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Wilailak Siripornadulsil
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Research Center for Environmental and Hazardous Substance Management, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Surasak Siripornadulsil
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Research Center for Environmental and Hazardous Substance Management, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
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Kaur H, Hussain SJ, Al-Huqail AA, Siddiqui MH, Al-Huqail AA, Khan MIR. Hydrogen sulphide and salicylic acid regulate antioxidant pathway and nutrient balance in mustard plants under cadmium stress. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2022; 24:660-669. [PMID: 34516728 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a pervasive noxious heavy metal, is a key threat to agricultural system. It is rapidly translocated and has detrimental effects on plant growth and development. Hydrogen sulphide (H2 S) is emerging as a potential messenger molecule for modulating plant tolerance to Cd. Salicylic acid (SA), a phenolic signalling molecule, can alleviate Cd toxicity in plants. The present study investigated the mediatory role of H2 S (100 µM) and SA (0.5 mM), individually and in combination, in modulating antioxidant defence machinery and nutrient balance to impart Cd (50 µM) resistance to mustard. Accumulation of Cd resulted in oxidative stress (TBARS and H2 O2 ), mineral nutrient imbalance (N, P, K, Ca), decreased leaf gas exchange and PSII efficiency, ultimately reducing plant growth. Both H2 S and SA independently attenuated phytotoxic effects of Cd by triggering antioxidant systems, enhancing the nutrient pool, eventually leading to improved photosynthesis and biomass of mustard plants. The positive effects were more pronounced under combined application of H2 S and SA, indicating a synergistic relationship between these two signalling molecules in mitigating the detrimental effects of Cd on nutrient homeostasis and overall health of mustard, primarily by boosting antioxidant pathway. Our findings provide new insights into H2 S- and SA-induced protective mechanisms in mustard plants subjected to Cd stress and suggest their combined use as a feasible strategy to confer Cd tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kaur
- Department of Botany, Akal University, Bathinda, India
| | - S J Hussain
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - A A Al-Huqail
- Chair of Climate Change, Environmental Development and Vegetation Cover, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M H Siddiqui
- Chair of Climate Change, Environmental Development and Vegetation Cover, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A A Al-Huqail
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M I R Khan
- Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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de Bont L, Mu X, Wei B, Han Y. Abiotic stress-triggered oxidative challenges: Where does H 2S act? J Genet Genomics 2022; 49:748-755. [PMID: 35276389 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2022.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) was once principally considered the perpetrator of plant growth cessation and cell death. However, this has become an antiquated view, with cumulative evidence showing that the H2S serves as a biological signaling molecule notably involved in abiotic stress response and adaptation, such as defense by phytohormone activation, stomatal movement, gene reprogramming, and plant growth modulation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent oxidative stress is involved in these responses. Remarkably, an ever-growing body of evidence indicates that H2S can directly interact with ROS processing systems in a redox-dependent manner, while it has been gradually recognized that H2S-based posttranslational modifications of key protein cysteine residues determine stress responses. Furthermore, the reciprocal interplay between H2S and nitric oxide (NO) in regulating oxidative stress has significant importance. The interaction of H2S with NO and ROS during acclimation to abiotic stress may vary from synergism to antagonism. However, the molecular pathways and factors involved remain to be identified. This review not only aims to provide updated information on H2S action in regulating ROS-dependent redox homeostasis and signaling, but also discusses the mechanisms of H2S-dependent regulation in the context of oxidative stress elicited by environmental cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda de Bont
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, China; Université de Lorraine, INRAE, IAM, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Xiujie Mu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009, Hefei, China
| | - Bo Wei
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, 230601, Hefei, China
| | - Yi Han
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009, Hefei, China.
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Wang L, Mu X, Chen X, Han Y. Hydrogen sulfide attenuates intracellular oxidative stress via repressing glycolate oxidase activities in Arabidopsis thaliana. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:98. [PMID: 35247968 PMCID: PMC8897949 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03490-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been proposed to exert anti-oxidative effect under many environmental stresses; however, how it influences oxidative stress remains largely unclear. RESULTS Here, we assessed the effects of H2S on oxidative stress responses such as salicylic acid (SA)-dependent cell death, which triggered by increased H2O2 availability in Arabidopsis thaliana catalase-deficient mutants cat2 displaying around 20% wild-type catalase activity. H2S generation and its producing enzyme L-cysteine desulfhydrase (LCD/DES) were found to transient increase in response to intracellular oxidative stress. Although introducing the mutation of des1, an important LCD, into the cat2 background produced little effect, H2S fumigation not only rescued the cell death phenotype of cat2 plant, but also attenuated SA accumulation and oxidation of the glutathione pool. Unexpectedly, the activities of major components of ascorbate-glutathione pathway were less affected by the presence of H2S treatment, but decreased glycolate oxidase (GOX) in combination with accumulation of glycolate implied H2S treatment impacts the cellular redox homeostasis by repressing the GOX-catalyzed reaction likely via altering the major GOX transcript levels. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal a link between H2S and peroxisomal H2O2 production that has implications for the understanding of the multifaceted roles of H2S in the regulation of oxidative stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xiujie Mu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Agronomy and Horticulture, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forest, Jurong, 212400, China
| | - Yi Han
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
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Yang L, Yang H, Bian Z, Lu H, Zhang L, Chen J. The Defensive Role of Endogenous H2S in Brassica rapa against Mercury-Selenium Combined Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052854. [PMID: 35269996 PMCID: PMC8910845 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are always exposed to the environment, polluted by multiple trace elements. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), an endogenous gaseous transmitter in plant cells, can help plant combat single elements with excess concentration. Until now, little has been known about the regulatory role of H2S in response to combined stress of multiple elements. Here we found that combined exposure of mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se) triggered endogenous H2S signal in the roots of Brasscia rapa. However, neither Hg nor Se alone worked on it. In roots upon Hg + Se exposure, the defensive role of endogenous H2S was associated to the decrease in reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, followed by alleviating cell death and recovering root growth. Such findings extend our knowledge of plant H2S in response to multiple stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifei Yang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (L.Y.); (H.Y.); (Z.B.)
- Hexian New Countryside Development Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Hexian 238200, China
| | - Huimin Yang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (L.Y.); (H.Y.); (Z.B.)
| | - Zhiwei Bian
- Department of Horticulture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (L.Y.); (H.Y.); (Z.B.)
| | - Haiyan Lu
- Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Tobacco, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China;
| | - Jian Chen
- Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;
- Correspondence:
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12
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Yuan Y, Song T, Yu J, Zhang W, Hou X, Kong Ling Z, Cui G. Genome-Wide Investigation of the Cysteine Synthase Gene Family Shows That Overexpression of CSase Confers Alkali Tolerance to Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:792862. [PMID: 35058952 PMCID: PMC8765340 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.792862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Alfalfa is widely grown worldwide as a perennial high-quality legume forage and as a good ecological landcover. The cysteine synthase (CSase) gene family is actively involved in plant growth and development and abiotic stress resistance but has not been systematically investigated in alfalfa. We identified 39 MsCSase genes on 4 chromosomes of the alfalfa genome. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that these genes were clustered into six subfamilies, and members of the same subfamily had similar physicochemical properties and sequence structures. Overexpression of the CSase gene in alfalfa increased alkali tolerance. Compared with control plants, the overexpression lines presented higher proline, soluble sugars, and cysteine and reduced glutathione contents and superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities as well as lower hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion contents after alkali stress. The relative expression of γ-glutamyl cysteine synthetase gene (a downstream gene of CSase) in the overexpression lines was much higher than that in the control line. The CSase gene enhanced alkalinity tolerance by regulating osmoregulatory substances and improving antioxidant capacity. These results provide a reference for studying the CSase gene family in alfalfa and expanding the alkali tolerance gene resources of forage plants.
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13
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Siddiqui MH, Alamri S, Mukherjee S, Al-Amri AA, Alsubaie QD, Al-Munqedhi BMA, Ali HM, Kalaji HM, Fahad S, Rajput VD, Narayan OP. Molybdenum and hydrogen sulfide synergistically mitigate arsenic toxicity by modulating defense system, nitrogen and cysteine assimilation in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) seedlings. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 290:117953. [PMID: 34438168 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has emerged as a potential gasotransmitter in plants with a beneficial role in stress amelioration. Despite the various known functions of H2S in plants, not much information is available to explain the associative role of molybdenum (Mo) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) signaling in plants under arsenic toxicity. In view to address such lacunae in our understanding of the integrative roles of these biomolecules, the present work attempts to decipher the roles of Mo and H2S in mitigation of arsenate (AsV) toxicity in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) seedlings. AsV-stressed seedlings supplemented with exogenous Mo and/or NaHS treatments (H2S donor) showed resilience to AsV toxicity manifested by reduction of apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, down-regulation of NADPH oxidase and GOase activity followed by upregulation of antioxidative enzymes in leaves. Fluorescent localization of ROS in roots reveals changes in its intensity and spatial distribution in response to MO and NaHS supplementation during AsV stress. Under AsV toxicity conditions, seedlings subjected to Mo + NaHS showed an increased rate of nitrogen metabolism evident by elevation in nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase and glutamine synthetase activity. Furthermore, the application of Mo and NaHS in combination positively upregulates cysteine and hydrogen sulfide biosynthesis in the absence and presence of AsV stress. Mo plus NaHS-supplemented seedlings exposed to AsV toxicity showed a substantial reduction in oxidative stress manifested by reduced ELKG, lowered MDA content and higher accumulation of proline in leaves. Taken together, the present findings provide substantial evidence on the synergetic role of Mo and H2S in mitigating AsV stress in faba bean seedlings. Thus, the application of Mo and NaHS reveals their agronomic importance to encounter heavy metal stress for management of various food crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Saud Alamri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soumya Mukherjee
- Department of Botany, Jangipur College, University of Kalyani, West Bengal, 742213, India
| | - Abdullah A Al-Amri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qasi D Alsubaie
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bander M A Al-Munqedhi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayssam M Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland; Institute of Technology and Life Sciences, National Research Institute, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090, Raszyn, Poland
| | - Shah Fahad
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical, Bio Resource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Department of Agronomy, The University of Haripur, Haripur, 22620, Pakistan
| | - Vishnu D Rajput
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
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14
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Melatonin Confers Plant Cadmium Tolerance: An Update. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111704. [PMID: 34769134 PMCID: PMC8583868 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most injurious heavy metals, affecting plant growth and development. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) was discovered in plants in 1995, and it is since known to act as a multifunctional molecule to alleviate abiotic and biotic stresses, especially Cd stress. Endogenously triggered or exogenously applied melatonin re-establishes the redox homeostasis by the improvement of the antioxidant defense system. It can also affect the Cd transportation and sequestration by regulating the transcripts of genes related to the major metal transport system, as well as the increase in glutathione (GSH) and phytochelatins (PCs). Melatonin activates several downstream signals, such as nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and salicylic acid (SA), which are required for plant Cd tolerance. Similar to the physiological functions of NO, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is also involved in the abiotic stress-related processes in plants. Moreover, exogenous melatonin induces H2S generation in plants under salinity or heat stress. However, the involvement of H2S action in melatonin-induced Cd tolerance is still largely unknown. In this review, we summarize the progresses in various physiological and molecular mechanisms regulated by melatonin in plants under Cd stress. The complex interactions between melatonin and H2S in acquisition of Cd stress tolerance are also discussed.
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Espinosa-Vellarino FL, Garrido I, Ortega A, Casimiro I, Espinosa F. Response to Antimony Toxicity in Dittrichia viscosa Plants: ROS, NO, H 2S, and the Antioxidant System. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111698. [PMID: 34829569 PMCID: PMC8615290 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dittrichia viscosa plants were grown hydroponically with different concentrations of Sb. There was preferential accumulation of Sb in roots. Fe and Cu decreased, while Mn decreased in roots but not in leaves. Chlorophyll content declined, but the carotenoid content increased, and photosynthetic efficiency was unaltered. O2●− generation increased slightly, while lipid peroxidation increased only in roots. H2O2, NO, ONOO−, S-nitrosothiols, and H2S showed significant increases, and the enzymatic antioxidant system was altered. In roots, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDAR) activities declined, dehydroscorbate reductase (DHAR) rose, and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POX), and glutathione reductase (GR) were unaffected. In leaves, SOD and POX increased, MDAR decreased, and APX was unaltered, while GR increased. S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) and l-cysteine desulfhydrilase (l-DES) increased in activity, while glutathione S-transferase (GST) decreased in leaves but was enhanced in roots. Components of the AsA/GSH cycle decreased. The great capacity of Dittrichia roots to accumulate Sb is the reason for the differing behaviour observed in the enzymatic antioxidant systems of the two organs. Sb appears to act by binding to thiol groups, which can alter free GSH content and SOD and GST activities. The coniferyl alcohol peroxidase activity increased, possibly to lignify the roots’ cell walls. Sb altered the ROS balance, especially with respect to H2O2. This led to an increase in NO and H2S acting on the antioxidant system to limit that Sb-induced redox imbalance. The interaction NO, H2S and H2O2 appears key to the response to stress induced by Sb. The interaction between ROS, NO, and H2S appears to be involved in the response to Sb.
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16
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Yang X, Kong L, Wang Y, Su J, Shen W. Methane control of cadmium tolerance in alfalfa roots requires hydrogen sulfide. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 284:117123. [PMID: 33906033 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is well known as a gaseous signal in response to heavy metal stress, while methane (CH4), the most prevalent greenhouse gas, confers cadmium (Cd) tolerance. In this report, the causal link between CH4 and H2S controlling Cd tolerance in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) plants was assessed. Our results observed that the administration of CH4 not only intensifies H2S metabolism, but also attenuates Cd-triggered growth inhibition in alfalfa seedlings, which were parallel to the alleviated roles in the redox imbalance and cell death in root tissues. Above results were not observed in roots after the removal of endogenous H2S, either in the presence of either hypotaurine (HT; a H2S scavenger) or DL-propargylglycine (PAG; a H2S biosynthesis inhibitor). Using in situ noninvasive microtest technology (NMT) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS), subsequent results confirmed the participation of H2S in CH4-inhibited Cd influx and accumulation in roots, which could be explained by reestablishing glutathione (GSH) pool (reduced/oxidized GSH and homoglutathione) homeostasis and promoting antioxidant defence. Overall, our results clearly revealed that H2S operates downstream of CH4 enhancing tolerance against Cd stress, which are significant for both fundamental and applied plant biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghao Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Lingshuai Kong
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Yueqiao Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Jiuchang Su
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Wenbiao Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Khan MIR, Chopra P, Chhillar H, Ahanger MA, Hussain SJ, Maheshwari C. Regulatory hubs and strategies for improving heavy metal tolerance in plants: Chemical messengers, omics and genetic engineering. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 164:260-278. [PMID: 34020167 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal (HM) accumulation in the agricultural soil and its toxicity is a major threat for plant growth and development. HMs disrupt functional integrity of the plants, induces altered phenological and physiological responses and slashes down qualitative crop yield. Chemical messengers such as phytohormones, plant growth regulators and gasotransmitters play a crucial role in regulating plant growth and development under metal toxicity in plants. Understanding the intricate network of these chemical messengers as well as interactions of genes/metabolites/proteins associated with HM toxicity in plants is necessary for deciphering insights into the regulatory circuit involved in HM tolerance. The present review describes (a) the role of chemical messengers in HM-induced toxicity mitigation, (b) possible crosstalk between phytohormones and other signaling cascades involved in plants HM tolerance and (c) the recent advancements in biotechnological interventions including genetic engineering, genome editing and omics approaches to provide a step ahead in making of improved plant against HM toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sofi Javed Hussain
- Department of Botany, Government Degree College, Kokernag, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Chirag Maheshwari
- Agricultural Energy and Power Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal, India
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18
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Zhang J, Zhou M, Zhou H, Zhao D, Gotor C, Romero LC, Shen J, Ge Z, Zhang Z, Shen W, Yuan X, Xie Y. Hydrogen sulfide, a signaling molecule in plant stress responses. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:146-160. [PMID: 33058490 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Gaseous molecules, such as hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and nitric oxide (NO), are crucial players in cellular and (patho)physiological processes in biological systems. The biological functions of these gaseous molecules, which were first discovered and identified as gasotransmitters in animals, have received unprecedented attention from plant scientists in recent decades. Researchers have arrived at the consensus that H2 S is synthesized endogenously and serves as a signaling molecule throughout the plant life cycle. However, the mechanisms of H2 S action in redox biology is still largely unexplored. This review highlights what we currently know about the characteristics and biosynthesis of H2 S in plants. Additionally, we summarize the role of H2 S in plant resistance to abiotic stress. Moreover, we propose and discuss possible redox-dependent mechanisms by which H2 S regulates plant physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Mingjian Zhou
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Heng Zhou
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Didi Zhao
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Cecilia Gotor
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas y Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, 41092, Spain
| | - Luis C Romero
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas y Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, 41092, Spain
| | - Jie Shen
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhenglin Ge
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhirong Zhang
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wenbiao Shen
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xingxing Yuan
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Yanjie Xie
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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19
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Hydrogen sulfide (H 2S) signaling in plant development and stress responses. ABIOTECH 2021; 2:32-63. [PMID: 34377579 PMCID: PMC7917380 DOI: 10.1007/s42994-021-00035-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) was initially recognized as a toxic gas and its biological functions in mammalian cells have been gradually discovered during the past decades. In the latest decade, numerous studies have revealed that H2S has versatile functions in plants as well. In this review, we summarize H2S-mediated sulfur metabolic pathways, as well as the progress in the recognition of its biological functions in plant growth and development, particularly its physiological functions in biotic and abiotic stress responses. Besides direct chemical reactions, nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) have complex relationships with H2S in plant signaling, both of which mediate protein post-translational modification (PTM) to attack the cysteine residues. We also discuss recent progress in the research on the three types of PTMs and their biological functions in plants. Finally, we propose the relevant issues that need to be addressed in the future research. GRAPHIC ABSTRACT SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42994-021-00035-4.
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20
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Rather BA, Mir IR, Sehar Z, Anjum NA, Masood A, Khan NA. The outcomes of the functional interplay of nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide in metal stress tolerance in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 155:523-534. [PMID: 32836198 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Phytotoxicity of metals constraints plants health, metabolism and productivity. The sustainable approaches for minimizing major metals-accrued phytotoxicity have been least explored. The gasotransmitters signaling molecules such as nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) play a significant role in the mitigation of major consequences of metals stress. Versatile gaseous signaling molecules, NO and H2S are involved in the regulation of various physiological processes in plants and their tolerance to abiotic stresses. However, literature available on NO or H2S stand alone, and the major insights into the roles of NO and/or H2S in plant tolerance, particularly to metals, remained unclear. Given above, this paper aimed to (a) briefly overview metals and highlight their major phytotoxicity; (b) appraises literature reporting potential mechanisms underlying the roles of NO and H2S in plant-metal tolerance; (c) crosstalk on NO and H2S in relation to plant metal tolerance. Additionally, major aspects so far unexplored in the current context have also been mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal A Rather
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Iqbal R Mir
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Zebus Sehar
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Naser A Anjum
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Asim Masood
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
| | - Nafees A Khan
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
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21
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Chen T, Tian M, Han Y. Hydrogen sulfide: a multi-tasking signal molecule in the regulation of oxidative stress responses. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:2862-2869. [PMID: 32076713 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important signaling molecule in plant environmental interactions. The consensus view amongst plant scientists is that environmental stress leads to enhanced production and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). H2S interacts with the ROS-mediated oxidative stress response network at multiple levels, including the regulation of ROS-processing systems by transcriptional or post-translational modifications. H2S-ROS crosstalk also involves other interacting factors, including nitric oxide, and can affect key cellular processes like autophagy. While H2S often functions to prevent ROS accumulation, it can also act synergistically with ROS signals in processes such as stomatal closure. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of H2S action and the multifaceted roles of this molecule in plant stress responses. Emphasis is placed on the interactions between H2S, ROS, and the redox signaling network that is crucial for plant defense against environmental threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mimi Tian
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yi Han
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
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22
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Liu F, Zhang X, Cai B, Pan D, Fu X, Bi H, Ai X. Physiological response and transcription profiling analysis reveal the role of glutathione in H 2S-induced chilling stress tolerance of cucumber seedlings. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 291:110363. [PMID: 31928658 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent reports have uncovered the multifunctional role of H2S in the physiological response of plants to biotic and abiotic stresses. Here, we studied whether NaHS (an H2S donor) pretreatment could provoke the tolerance of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seedlings subsequently exposed to chilling stress and whether glutathione was involved in this process. Results showed that cucumber seedlings sprayed with NaHS exhibited remarkably increased chilling tolerance, as evidenced by the observed plant tolerant phenotype, as well as the lower levels of electrolyte leakage (EL), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content and RBOH mRNA abundance, compared with the control plants. In addition, NaHS treatment increased the endogenous content of the reduced glutathione (GSH) and the ratio of reduced/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG), meanwhile, the higher net photosynthetic rate (Anet), the light-saturated CO2 assimilation rate (Asat), the photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) and the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII in darkness (ФPSII) as well as the mRNA levels and activities of the key photosynthetic enzymes (Rubisco, TK, SBPase and FBA) were observed in NaHS-treated seedlings under chilling stress, whereas this effect of NaHS was weakened by buthionine sulfoximine (BSO, an inhibitor of glutathione) or 6-Aminonicotinamide (6-AN, a specific pentose inhibitor and thus inhibits the NADPH production), which preliminarily proved the interaction between H2S and GSH. Moreover, transcription profiling analysis revealed that the GSH-associated genes (GST Tau, MAAI, APX, GR, GS and MDHAR) were significantly up-regulated in NaHS-treated cucumber seedlings, compared to the H2O-treated seedlings under chilling stress. Thus, novel results highlight the importance of glutathione as a downstream signal of H2S-induced plant tolerance to chilling stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture/Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong/College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture/Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong/College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Bingbing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture/Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong/College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Dongyun Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture/Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong/College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Xin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture/Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong/College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Huangai Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture/Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong/College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Xizhen Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture/Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong/College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China.
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23
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Shivaraj SM, Vats S, Bhat JA, Dhakte P, Goyal V, Khatri P, Kumawat S, Singh A, Prasad M, Sonah H, Sharma TR, Deshmukh R. Nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide crosstalk during heavy metal stress in plants. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2020; 168:437-455. [PMID: 31587278 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Gases such as ethylene, hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ), nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) have been recognized as vital signaling molecules in plants and animals. Of these gasotransmitters, NO and H2 S have recently gained momentum mainly because of their involvement in numerous cellular processes. It is therefore important to study their various attributes including their biosynthetic and signaling pathways. The present review provides an insight into various routes for the biosynthesis of NO and H2 S as well as their signaling role in plant cells under different conditions, more particularly under heavy metal stress. Their beneficial roles in the plant's protection against abiotic and biotic stresses as well as their adverse effects have been addressed. This review describes how H2 S and NO, being very small-sized molecules, can quickly pass through the cell membranes and trigger a multitude of responses to various factors, notably to various stress conditions such as drought, heat, osmotic, heavy metal and multiple biotic stresses. The versatile interactions between H2 S and NO involved in the different molecular pathways have been discussed. In addition to the signaling role of H2 S and NO, their direct role in posttranslational modifications is also considered. The information provided here will be helpful to better understand the multifaceted roles of H2 S and NO in plants, particularly under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheelavanta M Shivaraj
- Département de phytologie, University Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanskriti Vats
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Javaid A Bhat
- Soybean Research Institution, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu Sheng, China
| | - Priyanka Dhakte
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Vinod Goyal
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Haryana, India
| | - Praveen Khatri
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Surbhi Kumawat
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Akshay Singh
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Manoj Prasad
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Humira Sonah
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Tilak R Sharma
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
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24
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Singh S, Kumar V, Kapoor D, Kumar S, Singh S, Dhanjal DS, Datta S, Samuel J, Dey P, Wang S, Prasad R, Singh J. Revealing on hydrogen sulfide and nitric oxide signals co-ordination for plant growth under stress conditions. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2020; 168:301-317. [PMID: 31264712 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In the recent times, plants are facing certain types of environmental stresses, which give rise to formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxides, superoxide anions and so on. These are required by the plants at low concentrations for signal transduction and at high concentrations, they repress plant root growth. Apart from the ROS activities, hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and nitric oxide (NO) have major contributions in regulating growth and developmental processes in plants, as they also play key roles as signaling molecules and act as chief plant immune defense mechanisms against various biotic as well as abiotic stresses. H2 S and NO are the two pivotal gaseous messengers involved in growth, germination and improved tolerance in plants under stressed and non-stress conditions. H2 S and NO mediate cell signaling in plants as a response to several abiotic stresses like temperature, heavy metal exposure, water and salinity. They alter gene expression levels to induce the synthesis of antioxidant enzymes, osmolytes and also trigger their interactions with each other. However, research has been limited to only cross adaptations and signal transductions. Understanding the change and mechanism of H2 S and NO mediated cell signaling will broaden our knowledge on the various biochemical changes that occur in plant cells related to different stresses. A clear understanding of these molecules in various environmental stresses would help to confer biotechnological applications to protect plants against abiotic stresses and to improve crop productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simranjeet Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India
- Punjab Biotechnology Incubators, Mohali, 160059, India
- Regional Advanced Water Testing Laboratory, Mohali, 160059, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Regional Ayurveda Research Institute for Drug Development, Gwalior, 474009, India
| | - Dhriti Kapoor
- Department of Botany, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Punjab Biotechnology Incubators, Mohali, 160059, India
- Regional Advanced Water Testing Laboratory, Mohali, 160059, India
| | - Satyender Singh
- Regional Advanced Water Testing Laboratory, Mohali, 160059, India
| | - Daljeet Singh Dhanjal
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India
| | - Shivika Datta
- Department of Zoology, Doaba College, Jalandhar, 144005, India
| | - Jastin Samuel
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India
- Waste Valorization Research Lab, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India
| | - Pinaki Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, 641114, India
| | - Shanquan Wang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ram Prasad
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Joginder Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India
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25
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Tang X, An B, Cao D, Xu R, Wang S, Zhang Z, Liu X, Sun X. Improving Photosynthetic Capacity, Alleviating Photosynthetic Inhibition and Oxidative Stress Under Low Temperature Stress With Exogenous Hydrogen Sulfide in Blueberry Seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:108. [PMID: 32180779 PMCID: PMC7059820 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the mechanism of photosynthesis and physiological function of blueberry leaves under low temperature stress (4-6°C) by exogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) by spraying leaves with 0.5 mmol·L-1 NaHS (H2S donor) and 200 μmol·L-1 hypotaurine (Hypotaurine, H2S scavenger). The results showed that chlorophyll and carotenoid content in blueberry leaves decreased under low temperature stress, and the photochemical activities of photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI) were also inhibited. Low temperature stress can reduce photosynthetic carbon assimilation capacity by inhibiting stomatal conductance (G s) of blueberry leaves, and non-stomatal factors also play a limiting role at the 5th day of low temperature stress. Low temperature stress leads to the accumulation of Pro and H2O2 in blueberry leaves and increases membrane peroxidation. Spraying leaves with NaHS, a donor of exogenous H2S, could alleviate the degradation of chlorophyll and carotenoids in blueberry leaves caused by low temperature and reduce the photoinhibition of PSII and PSI. The main reason for the enhancement of photochemical activity of PSII was that exogenous H2S promoted the electron transfer from Q A to Q B on PSII acceptor side under low temperature stress. In addition, it promoted the accumulation of osmotic regulator proline under low temperature stress and significantly alleviated membrane peroxidation. H2S scavengers (Hypotaurine) aggravated photoinhibition and the degree of oxidative damage under low temperature stress. Improving photosynthetic capacity as well as alleviating photosynthetic inhibition and oxidative stress with exogenous H2S is possible in blueberry seedlings under low temperature stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaojia Liu
- *Correspondence: Xiaojia Liu, ; Xiaogang Sun,
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26
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Zhang Y, Ali A, Jin Z, Pei Y, Yang G. Induction of cystathionine gamma-lyase expression and metallothionein-1 S-sulfhydration alleviate cadmium-induced cell death in myoblast cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 179:222-231. [PMID: 31048218 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a multifunctional gasotransmitter, participates in a wide range of cellular signal transduction and pathophysiological processes. Cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE) acts as a major H2S-generating enzyme in peripheral organs and tissues. As a cysteine-rich and heavy metal-binding protein, metallothionein-1 (MT-1) is known to protect cells from various environmental stresses. Here we demonstrated that exposure of cadmium (Cd) induced oxidative stress, depleted intracellular thiols, and stimulated apoptotic cell death in mouse myoblast cells. CSE expression and H2S production were significantly enhanced by Cd treatment. NaHS, a well-known H2S donor, at physiologically relevant concentration significantly alleviated Cd-induced damage in both myoblasts and mouse skeletal muscles. In contrast, down-regulation of CSE/H2S system deteriorated Cd-stimulated oxidative stress and cell death. Exposure of the cells to Cd lead to increased expressions of metal regulatory transcription factor 1 and MT-1, while siRNA-mediated MT-1 knockdown alleviated Cd-induced CSE expression and caused more oxidative stress and cell death. In addition, H2S post-translationally modified MT-1 by S-sulfhydration and stabilized zinc-protein complex. Taken together, these data suggest that CSE/H2S system would protect myoblasts and skeletal muscles from Cd-induced damage by S-sufhydrating MT-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Zhang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Amr Ali
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Zhuping Jin
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Yanxi Pei
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Guangdong Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.
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27
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Gotor C, García I, Aroca Á, Laureano-Marín AM, Arenas-Alfonseca L, Jurado-Flores A, Moreno I, Romero LC. Signaling by hydrogen sulfide and cyanide through post-translational modification. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:4251-4265. [PMID: 31087094 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Two cysteine metabolism-related molecules, hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen cyanide, which are considered toxic, have now been considered as signaling molecules. Hydrogen sulfide is produced in chloroplasts through the activity of sulfite reductase and in the cytosol and mitochondria by the action of sulfide-generating enzymes, and regulates/affects essential plant processes such as plant adaptation, development, photosynthesis, autophagy, and stomatal movement, where interplay with other signaling molecules occurs. The mechanism of action of sulfide, which modifies protein cysteine thiols to form persulfides, is related to its chemical features. This post-translational modification, called persulfidation, could play a protective role for thiols against oxidative damage. Hydrogen cyanide is produced during the biosynthesis of ethylene and camalexin in non-cyanogenic plants, and is detoxified by the action of sulfur-related enzymes. Cyanide functions include the breaking of seed dormancy, modifying the plant responses to biotic stress, and inhibition of root hair elongation. The mode of action of cyanide is under investigation, although it has recently been demonstrated to perform post-translational modification of protein cysteine thiols to form thiocyanate, a process called S-cyanylation. Therefore, the signaling roles of sulfide and most probably of cyanide are performed through the modification of specific cysteine residues, altering protein functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Gotor
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio, Seville, Spain
| | - Irene García
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio, Seville, Spain
| | - Ángeles Aroca
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio, Seville, Spain
| | - Ana M Laureano-Marín
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio, Seville, Spain
| | - Lucía Arenas-Alfonseca
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio, Seville, Spain
| | - Ana Jurado-Flores
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio, Seville, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Moreno
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio, Seville, Spain
| | - Luis C Romero
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio, Seville, Spain
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28
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Kabała K, Zboińska M, Głowiak D, Reda M, Jakubowska D, Janicka M. Interaction between the signaling molecules hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen peroxide and their role in vacuolar H + -ATPase regulation in cadmium-stressed cucumber roots. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2019; 166:688-704. [PMID: 30120777 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Vacuolar H+ -ATPase (V-ATPase; EC 3.6.3.14) is the main enzyme responsible for generating a proton gradient across the tonoplast. Under cadmium (Cd) stress conditions, V-ATPase activity is inhibited. In the present work, hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) cross-talk was analyzed in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seedlings exposed to Cd to explain the role of both signaling molecules in the control of V-ATPase. V-ATPase activity and gene expression as well as H2 S and H2 O2 content and endogenous production were determined in roots of plants treated with 100 μM CdCl2 and different inhibitors or scavengers. It was found that H2 S donor improved photosynthetic parameters in Cd-stressed cucumber seedlings. Cd-induced stimulation of H2 S level was correlated with the increased activities of the H2 S-generating desulfhydrases. Increased H2 O2 and lowered H2 S contents in roots were able to reduce V-ATPase activities similar to Cd. H2 O2 and H2 S-induced modulations in V-ATPase activities were not closely related to the transcript level of encoding genes, suggesting posttranslational modifications of enzyme protein. On the other hand, exogenous H2 O2 raised H2 S content in root tissues independently from the desulfhydrase activity. Although treatment of control plants with H2 S significantly stimulated NADPH oxidase activity and gene expression, H2 S did not affect H2 O2 accumulation in roots exposed to Cd. The results suggest the existence of two pathways of H2 S generation in Cd-stressed cucumber roots. One involves desulfhydrase activity, as was previously demonstrated in different plant species. The other, the desulfhydrase-independent pathway induced by H2 O2 /NADPH oxidase, may protect V-ATPase from inhibition by Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kabała
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, University of Wrocław, 50-328, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Magdalena Zboińska
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, University of Wrocław, 50-328, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Dorota Głowiak
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, University of Wrocław, 50-328, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Reda
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, University of Wrocław, 50-328, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Dagmara Jakubowska
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, University of Wrocław, 50-328, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Janicka
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, University of Wrocław, 50-328, Wrocław, Poland
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29
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Yu Y, Zhou X, Zhu Z, Zhou K. Sodium Hydrosulfide Mitigates Cadmium Toxicity by Promoting Cadmium Retention and Inhibiting Its Translocation from Roots to Shoots in Brassica napus. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:433-440. [PMID: 30569699 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b04622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The association between hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and cell wall composition with regard to the mitigation of cadmium (Cd) toxicity in Brassica napus L. was investigated. Cd caused growth retardation, leaf chlorosis, and decreased endogenous H2S content in Brassica napus roots. Stimulating l-cysteine desulfhydrase (LCD)-mediated H2S production with H2S releaser (NaHS) markedly improved plant growth, reduced Cd content in stems and leaves, and rescued Cd-induced chlorosis. Furthermore, increased Cd retention was observed in root cell walls, indicating that NaHS reduced Cd movement from the roots to upper-plant parts. Exogenous NaHS also significantly increased the content of pectin and the activity of pectin methylesterase in cell walls of roots, thereby increasing Cd retention in pectin fractions. However, intensification of H2S barely affected hemicellulose content under Cd stress. Intensified H2S signal, therefore, alleviates Cd toxicity in Brassica napus by increasing pectin content and its demethylation, increasing Cd fixation in cell walls, and reducing root-to-shoot Cd translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yu
- School of Agronomy , Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei 230036 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Zhou
- School of Agronomy , Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei 230036 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zonghe Zhu
- School of Agronomy , Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei 230036 , People's Republic of China
| | - Kejin Zhou
- School of Agronomy , Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei 230036 , People's Republic of China
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30
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Thongnok S, Siripornadulsil W, Siripornadulsil S. Mitigation of arsenic toxicity and accumulation in hydroponically grown rice seedlings by co-inoculation with arsenite-oxidizing and cadmium-tolerant bacteria. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 162:591-602. [PMID: 30031320 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.06.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) contamination of rice grain is a serious problem worldwide. The objective of this study was to mitigate As toxicity and accumulation in hydroponically grown KDML105 rice seedlings using bacteria isolated from heavy metal-contaminated soils. Seven strains (KKU2500-1, -2, -3, -9, -12, -16 and -22) of 24 cadmium (Cd)-tolerant bacteria produced high levels of inorganic sulfide and thiol-rich compounds in As-supplemented media. The strains were allowed to colonize rice seedlings growing in arsenite [As(III)]- or arsenate [As(V)]-supplemented Hoagland's nutrient solutions. Colonization by strains KKU2500-3 and -12 led to increases in plant growth parameters and similarly reduced As translocation into shoots [translocation factor (TF) = 0.05] in the As(V)-supplemented solution. Strains KKU2500-1 and - 12 also greatly reduced As translocation into shoots (TF = 0.16-0.20) in As(III)-supplemented solution. KKU2500-3 and - 12 co-colonized onto seedlings with the As(III)-oxidizing isolates 4.25, 4.27, 4.40 and 4.44, and the strain combinations KKU2500-12/4.25, KKU2500-3/4.25, KKU2500-3/4.27 and KKU2500-3/4.44 resulted in higher growth parameters for plants grown in As [As(III)+As(V)]-supplemented solution than other combinations. Moreover, the combinations KKU2500-3/4.25 and KKU2500-3/4.44 greatly reduced As translocation (TF = 0.15 and 0.12, respectively), and this decreased As accumulation in shoots was significantly correlated with increased sulfide stimulation in roots and nutrient solution. These results indicate that these co-inoculated bacteria can mitigate As toxicity, translocation and accumulation in KDML105 seedlings and thus demonstrate synergistic activity in rice plants, and this effect can be further developed in field trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarun Thongnok
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Wilailak Siripornadulsil
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Research Center for Environmental and Hazardous Substance Management, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Surasak Siripornadulsil
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Research Center for Environmental and Hazardous Substance Management, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Salt-tolerant Rice Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
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31
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Hu L, Li H, Huang S, Wang C, Sun WJ, Mo HZ, Shi ZQ, Chen J. Eugenol Confers Cadmium Tolerance via Intensifying Endogenous Hydrogen Sulfide Signaling in Brassica rapa. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:9914-9922. [PMID: 30188702 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Eugenol, a plant-derived small compound, shows great medicinal potential. However, whether and how eugenol regulates crop physiology remains elusive. Here we reported that eugenol induced Cd (cadmium) tolerance in the root of Brassica rapa. Roots were treated with eugenol and CdCl2 simultaneously (eugenol + Cd) or pretreated with eugenol followed by CdCl2 treatment (eugenol → Cd). Eugenol significantly attenuated Cd-induced growth inhibition, ROS accumulation, oxidative injury, and cell death, which were confirmed by in vivo histochemical analysis. Eugenol remarkably decreased free Cd2+ accumulation in root. Eugenol intensified GSH (glutathione) accumulation in roots upon CdCl2 exposure, which explained the decrease in free Cd2+ and attenuation of oxidative injury. Eugenol stimulated endogenous H2S (hydrogen sulfide) generation by upregulating the expression of BrLCD ( l-cysteine desulfhydrase) and BrDCD ( d-cysteine desulfhydrase) as well as their enzymatic activities in CdCl2-treated root. Application of H2S biosynthesis inhibitor or H2S scavenger led to the decrease in endogenous H2S level in Cd-treated root, which further compromised all the above effects of eugenol. These findings suggested that eugenol triggered H2S → GSH signaling cassette in plants to combat Cd stress, which shed new light on eugenol-modulated plant physiology and the interaction between eugenol and H2S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangbin Hu
- Department of Food Science , Henan Institute of Science and Technology , Xinxiang 453003 , China
| | - Hui Li
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition , Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Nanjing 210014 , China
| | - Sijie Huang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection , Nanjing 210042 , China
| | - Chao Wang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection , Nanjing 210042 , China
| | - Wei-Jie Sun
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition , Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Nanjing 210014 , China
| | - Hai-Zhen Mo
- Department of Food Science , Henan Institute of Science and Technology , Xinxiang 453003 , China
| | - Zhi Qi Shi
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition , Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Nanjing 210014 , China
| | - Jian Chen
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition , Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Nanjing 210014 , China
- Supervision & Testing Center for Processed Agri-products (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture , Nanjing 210014 , China
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32
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He H, Li Y, He LF. The central role of hydrogen sulfide in plant responses to toxic metal stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 157:403-408. [PMID: 29653374 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
With the increase of industrial wastes, sewage irrigation, chemical fertilizers and pesticides, metal contamination is increasingly serious. How to reduce the environmental risk has become a compelling problem in cultivated land. As a gaseous signal molecule, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is involved in multiple plant responses to toxic metal stress. Metal stress rapidly triggers endogenous H2S production and exogenous H2S alleviates metal toxicity in plants. To elucidate the role of H2S in metal tolerance, the physiological and molecular mechanisms of H2S in alleviating metal toxicity is necessary to be reviewed. Here, the latest progress on endogenous H2S metabolism and the role of H2S in plant responses to toxic metal stress were summarized and discussed. The mechanisms of exogenous H2S in alleviating metal toxicity is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huyi He
- College of Agronomy, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China; Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingqiu Li
- College of Agronomy, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Long-Fei He
- College of Agronomy, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China.
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Guan MY, Zhang HH, Pan W, Jin CW, Lin XY. Sulfide alleviates cadmium toxicity in Arabidopsis plants by altering the chemical form and the subcellular distribution of cadmium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 627:663-670. [PMID: 29426190 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Several sulfur compounds are thought to play important roles in the plant tolerance to cadmium (Cd), but the role of inorganic sulfide in Cd tolerance remains largely unknown. In this study, we found that Cd exposure increased the accumulation of soluble sulfide in Arabidopsis plants. When exogenous sulfide, in the form of NaHS, was foliarly applied, Cd-induced growth inhibition and oxidative stress were alleviated. In addition, although the foliar application of sulfide did not affect the total Cd levels, it significantly decreased the soluble Cd fractions in plants. Furthermore, foliar applications of sulfide decreased Cd distribution in the cytoplasm and organelles, but increased Cd retention in the cell wall, which is a less sensitive compartment. These results suggest that the Cd-induced accumulation of soluble sulfide alleviates Cd toxicity in plants by inactivating Cd and sequestering it into the cell wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yan Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hai Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wei Pan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Chong Wei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xian Yong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Ma Y, Niu J, Zhang W, Wu X. Hydrogen sulfide may function downstream of hydrogen peroxide in mediating darkness-induced stomatal closure in Vicia faba. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2018; 45:553-560. [PMID: 32290994 DOI: 10.1071/fp17274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) during darkness-induced stomatal closure in Vicia faba L. was investigated by using pharmacological, spectrophotographic and lasers canning confocal microscopic approaches. Darkness-induced stomatal closure was inhibited by H2S scavenger hypotaurine (HT), H2S synthesis inhibitors aminooxy acetic acid (AOA) and hydroxylamine (NH2OH) and potassium pyruvate (N3H3KO3) and ammonia (NH3), which are the products of L-/D-cysteine desulfhydrase (L-/D-CDes). Moreover, darkness induced H2S generation and increased L-/D-CDes activity in leaves of V. faba. H2O2 scavenger and synthesis inhibitors suppressed darkness-induced increase of H2S levels and L-/D-CDes activity as well as stomatal closure in leaves of V. faba. However, H2S scavenger and synthesis inhibitors had no effect on darkness-induced H2O2 accumulation in guard cells of V. faba. From these data it can be deduced that H2S is involved in darkness-induced stomatal closure and acts downstream of H2O2 in V. faba.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinli Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Gongyuan Street No. 1, Linfen 041004, China
| | - Jiao Niu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Gongyuan Street No. 1, Linfen 041004, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Gongyuan Street No. 1, Linfen 041004, China
| | - Xiang Wu
- Hanzhong Forestry Science Research Institute, Zhengjiaba, Hanzhong 723000, China
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Gu Q, Chen Z, Cui W, Zhang Y, Hu H, Yu X, Wang Q, Shen W. Methane alleviates alfalfa cadmium toxicity via decreasing cadmium accumulation and reestablishing glutathione homeostasis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 147:861-871. [PMID: 28968939 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Although methane (CH4) generation triggered by some environmental stimuli, displays the protective response against oxidative stress in plants, whether and how CH4 regulates plant tolerance against cadmium stress is largely unknown. Here, we discovered that cadmium (Cd) stimulated the production of CH4 in alfalfa root tissues. The pretreatment with exogenous CH4 could alleviate seedling growth inhibition. Less amounts of Cd accumulation was also observed. Consistently, in comparison with Cd stress alone, miR159 transcript was down-regulated by CH4, and expression levels of its target gene ABC transporter was increased. By contrast, miR167 transcript was up-regulated, showing a relatively negative correlation with its target gene Nramp6. Meanwhile, Cd-triggered redox imbalance was improved by CH4, evidenced by the reduced lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide accumulation, as well as the induction of representative antioxidant genes. Further results showed that Cd-triggered decrease of the ratio of reduced/oxidized (homo)glutathione was rescued by CH4. Additionally, CH4-triggered alleviation of seedling growth was sensitive to a selective inhibitor of glutathione biosynthesis. Overall, above results revealed that CH4-alleviated Cd accumulation at least partially, required the modulation of heavy metal transporters via miR159 and miR167. Finally, the role of glutathione homeostasis elicited by CH4 was preliminarily suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Gu
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ziping Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Weiti Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yihua Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Huali Hu
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xiuli Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qingya Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wenbiao Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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da Silva CJ, Batista Fontes EP, Modolo LV. Salinity-induced accumulation of endogenous H 2S and NO is associated with modulation of the antioxidant and redox defense systems in Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Havana. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 256:148-159. [PMID: 28167028 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is one of the abiotic factors that most affect crop growth and production. This study focused on the effect of high salinity on the endogenous levels of the signaling molecules hydrogen sulfite (H2S) and nitric oxide (NO) in Nicotiana tabacum leaves and the extent of these for the biochemically-driven plant tolerance to such abiotic stress. The NaCl treatment for 10days led to an expressive augment of H2S and NO levels. This increase was correlated with the raise of l-Cys and l-Arg and the induction of l-cysteine desulfhydrase, cyanoalanine synthase, cysteine synthase, nitrate reductase and arginase, enzymes known to be involved in the biosynthesis of H2S or NO. The enzymatic antioxidant system (superoxide dismutase and catalase activity) was boosted and the non-enzymatic antioxidant glutathione was intensively oxidized in leaves upon stress allowing plants to cope with oxidative stress. Lower stomatal conductance was observed in stressed plants in comparison with control ones. Moreover, the high activity of antioxidant enzymes and high rate of glutathione oxidation following salt stress were considerably decreased upon NO or H2S scavenging. Thus, increment in NO and H2S levels and their interplay, along with metabolic and physiological changes, contributed to tobacco survival to extreme salinity conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Jovelina da Silva
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Pacheco Batista Fontes
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. PH Rolfs s/n, Centro, Viçosa, MG, 36570-000, Brazil
| | - Luzia Valentina Modolo
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
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Liu D, Xu S, Hu H, Pan J, Li P, Shen W. Endogenous Hydrogen Sulfide Homeostasis Is Responsible for the Alleviation of Senescence of Postharvest Daylily Flower via Increasing Antioxidant Capacity and Maintained Energy Status. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:718-726. [PMID: 28060500 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b04389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
There are limited data concerning the role of endogenous H2S in prolonging the postharvest of vegetables and fruits. Using a fluorescence microscope with a specific probe, we discovered that, during the senescence of postharvest daylily flower, endogenous H2S homeostasis was impaired. The activities of two important synthetic enzymes of H2S, l- and d-cysteine desulfhydrase, exhibited decreasing tendencies. However, NaHS (a H2S donor) not only blocked the decreased H2S production but also extended the postharvest life of daylilies. These beneficial roles were verified by the alleviation of lipid peroxidation and the increased activities of antioxidant enzymes. Meanwhile, the energy status was sustained, and the respiration rate was decreased. In contrast to NaHS, the addition of an inhibitor of H2S synthesis alone aggravated lipid peroxidation and lowered energy charge. Together, the present study implies that endogenous H2S alleviates senescence of postharvest daylilies via increasing antioxidant capacity and maintained energy status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Sheng Xu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences , Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Huali Hu
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jincheng Pan
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Pengxia Li
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Wenbiao Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, China
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Khan MN, Mobin M, Abbas ZK, Siddiqui MH. Nitric oxide-induced synthesis of hydrogen sulfide alleviates osmotic stress in wheat seedlings through sustaining antioxidant enzymes, osmolyte accumulation and cysteine homeostasis. Nitric Oxide 2017; 68:91-102. [PMID: 28062279 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Revised: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) have been shown to act as signaling molecules in various physiological processes, play significant roles in plant cellular processes, and also mediate responses to both biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. The present investigation was carried out to test the effect of exogenous NO on endogenous synthesis of H2S in osmotic-stressed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings. The results show that application of NO to wheat seedlings, suffered from PEG8000-induced osmotic stress, considerably enhanced the activities of H2S-synthesizing enzymes l-cysteine desulfhydrase (LCD) and d-cysteine desulfhydrase (DCD) leading to enhanced level of endogenous H2S content. At the same time exogenous NO also enhanced the activity of cysteine (Cys)-synthesizing enzyme O-acetylserine(thiol)lyase (OAS-TL) and maintained Cys homeostasis under osmotic stress. NO and H2S together markedly improved the activities of antioxidant enzymes viz. ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), peroxidase (POX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Furthermore, NO and H2S caused additional accumulation of osmolytes proline (Pro) and glycine betaine (GB), all these collectively resulted in the protection of plants against osmotic stress-induced oxidative stress. On the other hand, NO scavenger cPTIO [2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide] and H2S scavenger HT (hypotaurine) invalidated the effect of NO on endogenous H2S levels and Cys homeostasis which resulted in weak protection against osmotic stress. Application of N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) suppressed GR activity and caused an increase in oxidative stress. We concluded that NO in association with endogenous H2S activates the defense system to the level required to counter osmotic stress and maintains normal functioning of cellular machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nasir Khan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, P.O. Box 741, Saudi Arabia.
| | - M Mobin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, P.O. Box 741, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zahid Khorshid Abbas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, P.O. Box 741, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, P.O. Box 2455, Saudi Arabia
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Lv W, Yang L, Xu C, Shi Z, Shao J, Xian M, Chen J. Cadmium Disrupts the Balance between Hydrogen Peroxide and Superoxide Radical by Regulating Endogenous Hydrogen Sulfide in the Root Tip of Brassica rapa. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:232. [PMID: 28270829 PMCID: PMC5318417 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Cd (cadmium) stress always alters the homeostasis of ROS (reactive oxygen species) including H2O2 (hydrogen sulfide) and [Formula: see text] (superoxide radical), leading to the oxidative injury and growth inhibition in plants. In addition to triggering oxidative injury, ROS has been suggested as important regulators modulating root elongation. However, whether and how Cd stress induces the inhibition of root elongation by differentially regulating endogenous H2O2 and [Formula: see text], rather than by inducing oxidative injury, remains elusive. To address these gaps, histochemical, physiological, and biochemical approaches were applied to investigate the mechanism for Cd to fine-tune the balance between H2O2 and [Formula: see text] in the root tip of Brassica rapa. Treatment with Cd at 4 and 16 μM significantly inhibited root elongation, while only 16 μM but not 4 μM of Cd induced oxidative injury and cell death in root tip. Fluorescent and pharmaceutical tests suggested that H2O2 and [Formula: see text] played negative and positive roles, respectively, in the regulation of root elongation in the presence of Cd (4 μM) or not. Treatment with Cd at 4 μM led to the increase in H2O2 and the decrease in [Formula: see text] in root tip, which may be attributed to the up-regulation of Br_UPB1s and the down-regulation of their predicted targets (four peroxidase genes). Cd at 4 μM resulted in the increase in endogenous H2S in root tip by inducing the up-regulation of LCDs and DCDs. Treatment with H2S biosynthesis inhibitor or H2S scavenger significantly blocked Cd (4 μM)-induced increase in endogenous H2S level, coinciding with the recovery of root elongation, the altered balance between H2O2 and [Formula: see text], and the expression of Br_UPB1s and two peroxidase genes. Taken together, it can be proposed that endogenous H2S mediated the phytotoxicity of Cd at low concentration by regulating Br_UPB1s-modulated balance between H2O2 and [Formula: see text] in root tip. Such findings shed new light on the regulatory role of endogenous H2S in plant adaptions to Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Lv
- Institute of Food Quality and Safety, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing, China
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
- Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province – State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Jiangsu Provincial Department of Agriculture and ForestryNanjing, China
| | - Lifei Yang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Cunfa Xu
- Central Laboratory, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural ScienceNanjing, China
| | - Zhiqi Shi
- Institute of Food Quality and Safety, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing, China
- Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province – State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Jiangsu Provincial Department of Agriculture and ForestryNanjing, China
| | - Jinsong Shao
- Agricultural Products Quality and Safety Superivision, Inspection, and Testing Center, Ministry of AgricultureNanjing, China
| | - Ming Xian
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, PullmanWA, USA
| | - Jian Chen
- Institute of Food Quality and Safety, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing, China
- Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province – State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Jiangsu Provincial Department of Agriculture and ForestryNanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Chen,
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Ye XF, Xue Y, Ling T, Wang Y, Yu XN, Cheng C, Feng G, Hu L, Shi Z, Chen J. Cinnamaldehyde Ameliorates Cadmium-Inhibited Root Elongation in Tobacco Seedlings via Decreasing Endogenous Hydrogen Sulfide Production. Molecules 2016; 22:E15. [PMID: 28029133 PMCID: PMC6155710 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cinnamaldehyde (CA) is natural plant-derived compound that has been highly appreciated for its medicinal properties. However, little information is known about the regulation of plant intrinsic physiology by CA. To address these gaps, physiological, histochemical, and biochemical approaches were applied to investigate CA-facilitated cadmium (Cd) tolerance in the roots of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) seedlings. Treatment with CdCl₂ at 20 μM for 72 h resulted in the significant decrease in root elongation by 40.39% as compared to control. CA alleviated Cd-inhibited root elongation in dose- and time-dependent manners. The addition of CA at 20 μM induced significant increase in root elongation by 42.58% as compared to Cd treatment alone. CA abolished Cd-induced ROS (reactive oxygen species) accumulation, lipid peroxidation, loss of membrane integrity, cell death, and free Cd2+ accumulation in roots. CA blocked the Cd-induced increase in the endogenous H₂S level through the down-regulation of d-cysteine desulfhydrase (DCD) expression. H₂S scavenger hypotaurine (HT) or potent H₂S-biosynthetic inhibitor dl-propargylglicine (PAG) were able mimic the action of CA on the blockade of Cd-induced H₂S accumulation, cell death, and growth inhibition. Enhancement of the endogenous H₂S level with NaHS (H₂S donor) abrogated all the beneficial capabilities of CA, HT, and PAG. Collectively, these results suggest that CA has great potential to confer plant tolerance against Cd stress, which is closely associated with its capability to inhibit Cd-induced H₂S production. This study not only provides evidences for the regulation of plant physiology by CA but also sheds new light on the cross-talk between CA and H₂S in physiological modulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xie-Feng Ye
- Tobacco Science College/National Tobacco Cultivation and Physiology and Biochemistry Research Centre/Key Laboratory for Tobacco Cultivation of Tobacco Industry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Yanfeng Xue
- Nanjing Yangzi Modern Agriculture Investment and Development Co. Ltd., Nanjing 211899, China.
| | - Tianxiao Ling
- Tobacco Science College/National Tobacco Cultivation and Physiology and Biochemistry Research Centre/Key Laboratory for Tobacco Cultivation of Tobacco Industry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Yong Wang
- Chongqing Tobacco Corporation, Chongqing 400023, China.
| | - Xiao-Na Yu
- Tobacco Science College/National Tobacco Cultivation and Physiology and Biochemistry Research Centre/Key Laboratory for Tobacco Cultivation of Tobacco Industry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Changxin Cheng
- Hongyun Honghe Tobacco Group Co. Ltd., Kunming 650231, China.
| | - Guosheng Feng
- Henan Tobacco Corporation Queshan Branch, Queshan 463200, China.
| | - Liangbin Hu
- Department of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China.
| | - Zhiqi Shi
- Institute of Food Quality and Safety, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
- Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Jian Chen
- Institute of Food Quality and Safety, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
- Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Nanjing 210014, China.
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Fang H, Liu Z, Jin Z, Zhang L, Liu D, Pei Y. An emphasis of hydrogen sulfide-cysteine cycle on enhancing the tolerance to chromium stress in Arabidopsis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 213:870-877. [PMID: 27038574 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Increasing attention has been focused on the health of vegetables and grains grown in the contaminated agricultural soil, it is thus meaningful to find ways to reduce the heavy metals (HMs) accumulation in plants. As sulfur is considered to be an essential macronutrient for plant stress defenses, the important role of sulfur assimilation in plants responding to HMs stress has been followed. However, the potential mechanism of the only sulfur-containing gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and its main endogenously generated substrate, cysteine (Cys), in plant defense is poorly understood. The physiological and biochemical methods together with qRT-PCR were used to explore the response pattern of H2S-Cys cycle in plants resisting to chromium (Cr(6+)) stress. Our results suggested that Cr(6+) stress inhibited Arabidopsis root elongation, increased the H2S and Cys contents time-dependently, and H2S production was activated earlier than Cys. Furthermore, H2S increased Cys accumulation more quickly than Cr(6+) stress. The qRT-PCR results revealed that H2S up-regulated the Cys generation-related genes OASTLa, SAT1 and SAT5 expression levels, and that SAT1 and SAT5 expression was elevated for a longer duration. Data suggested that H2S might regulate Cys metabolism-related genes expression to participate in Cr(6+)-mediated Cys accumulation. H2S and Cys relieved the root elongation inhibition caused by Cr(6+) in Arabidopsis. Both H2S and Cys enhanced glutathione generation and activated phytochelatins (PCs) synthesis by up-regulating PCS1 and PCS2 expression levels to fight against Cr(6+) stress. Besides regulating the expression of PCs synthase encoding genes, H2S might promote metallothioneins accumulation by significantly increasing the MT2A gene expression. Overall, H2S and H2S-induced Cys accumulation (H2S-Cys system) was critical in imparting Cr(6+) tolerance in Arabidopsis. This paper is the first to indicate that gasotransmitter H2S induced Cys accumulation in Arabidopsis Cr(6+)-stress defense and provides evidence for more extensive studies of the H2S signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Fang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
| | - Zhuping Jin
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
| | - Liping Zhang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
| | - Danmei Liu
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
| | - Yanxi Pei
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
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Li Q, Wang Z, Zhao Y, Zhang X, Zhang S, Bo L, Wang Y, Ding Y, An L. Putrescine protects hulless barley from damage due to UV-B stress via H2S- and H2O2-mediated signaling pathways. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2016; 35:1155-68. [PMID: 26910861 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-016-1952-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In hulless barley, H 2 S mediated increases in H 2 O 2 induced by putrescine, and their interaction enhanced tolerance to UV-B by maintaining redox homeostasis and promoting the accumulation of UV-absorbing compounds. This study investigated the possible relationship between putrescence (Put), hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as well as the underlying mechanism of their interaction in reducing UV-B induced damage. UV-B radiation increased electrolyte leakage (EL) and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and UV-absorbing compounds but reduced antioxidant enzyme activities and glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (AsA) contents. Exogenous application of Put, H2S or H2O2 reduced some of the above-mentioned negative effects, but were enhanced by the addition of Put, H2S and H2O2 inhibitors. Moreover, the protective effect of Put against UV-B radiation-induced damage to hulless barley was diminished by DL-propargylglycine (PAG, a H2S biosynthesis inhibitor), hydroxylamine (HT, a H2S scavenger), diphenylene iodonium (DPI, a PM-NADPH oxidase inhibitor) and dimethylthiourea (DMTU, a ROS scavenger), and the effect of Put on H2O2 accumulation was abolished by HT. Taken together, as the downstream component of the Put signaling pathway, H2S mediated H2O2 accumulation, and H2O2 induced the accumulation of UV-absorbing compounds and maintained redox homeostasis under UV-B stress, thereby increasing the tolerance of hulless barley seedlings to UV-B stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qien Li
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Tibetan Traditional Medical Hospital of Lhari, 18 South Renmin Road, Lhari, 852000, Nagchu, China
| | - Zhaofeng Wang
- Life Science of College, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Yanning Zhao
- Department of Biology, Qinghai University, 97 Ningzhang Road, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Xiaochen Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Shuaijun Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Letao Bo
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yingfeng Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Lizhe An
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
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Mostofa MG, Rahman A, Ansary MMU, Watanabe A, Fujita M, Tran LSP. Hydrogen sulfide modulates cadmium-induced physiological and biochemical responses to alleviate cadmium toxicity in rice. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14078. [PMID: 26361343 PMCID: PMC4566128 DOI: 10.1038/srep14078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the physiological and biochemical mechanisms by which H2S mitigates the cadmium stress in rice. Results revealed that cadmium exposure resulted in growth inhibition and biomass reduction, which is correlated with the increased uptake of cadmium and depletion of the photosynthetic pigments, leaf water contents, essential minerals, water-soluble proteins, and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Excessive cadmium also potentiated its toxicity by inducing oxidative stress, as evidenced by increased levels of superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, methylglyoxal and malondialdehyde. However, elevating endogenous H2S level improved physiological and biochemical attributes, which was clearly observed in the growth and phenotypes of H2S-treated rice plants under cadmium stress. H2S reduced cadmium-induced oxidative stress, particularly by enhancing redox status and the activities of reactive oxygen species and methylglyoxal detoxifying enzymes. Notably, H2S maintained cadmium and mineral homeostases in roots and leaves of cadmium-stressed plants. By contrast, adding H2S-scavenger hypotaurine abolished the beneficial effect of H2S, further strengthening the clear role of H2S in alleviating cadmium toxicity in rice. Collectively, our findings provide an insight into H2S-induced protective mechanisms of rice exposed to cadmium stress, thus proposing H2S as a potential candidate for managing toxicity of cadmium, and perhaps other heavy metals, in rice and other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Golam Mostofa
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Anisur Rahman
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
| | - Md Mesbah Uddin Ansary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Ayaka Watanabe
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
| | - Masayuki Fujita
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Signaling Pathway Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
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