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Ninoyu Y, Friedman RA. The genetic landscape of age-related hearing loss. Trends Genet 2024; 40:228-237. [PMID: 38161109 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2023.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is a prevalent concern in the elderly population. Recent genome-wide and phenome-wide association studies (GWASs and PheWASs) have delved into the identification of causative variants and the understanding of pleiotropy, highlighting the polygenic intricacies of this complex condition. While recent large-scale GWASs have pinpointed significant SNPs and risk variants associated with ARHL, the detailed mechanisms, encompassing both genetic and epigenetic modifications, remain to be fully elucidated. This review presents the latest advances in association studies, integrating findings from both human studies and model organisms. By juxtaposing historical perspectives with contemporary genomics, we aim to catalyze innovative research and foster the development of novel therapeutic strategies for ARHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzuru Ninoyu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Rick A Friedman
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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2
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Boussaty EC, Ninoyu Y, Andrade LR, Li Q, Takeya R, Sumimoto H, Ohyama T, Wahlin KJ, Manor U, Friedman RA. Altered Fhod3 expression involved in progressive high-frequency hearing loss via dysregulation of actin polymerization stoichiometry in the cuticular plate. PLoS Genet 2024; 20:e1011211. [PMID: 38498576 PMCID: PMC10977885 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1011211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is a common sensory impairment with complex underlying mechanisms. In our previous study, we performed a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in mice and identified a novel locus on chromosome 18 associated with ARHL specifically linked to a 32 kHz tone burst stimulus. Consequently, we investigated the role of Formin Homology 2 Domain Containing 3 (Fhod3), a newly discovered candidate gene for ARHL based on the GWAS results. We observed Fhod3 expression in auditory hair cells (HCs) primarily localized at the cuticular plate (CP). To understand the functional implications of Fhod3 in the cochlea, we generated Fhod3 overexpression mice (Pax2-Cre+/-; Fhod3Tg/+) (TG) and HC-specific conditional knockout mice (Atoh1-Cre+/-; Fhod3fl/fl) (KO). Audiological assessments in TG mice demonstrated progressive high-frequency hearing loss, characterized by predominant loss of outer hair cells, and a decreased phalloidin intensities of CP. Ultrastructural analysis revealed loss of the shortest row of stereocilia in the basal turn of the cochlea, and alterations in the cuticular plate surrounding stereocilia rootlets. Importantly, the hearing and HC phenotype in TG mice phenocopied that of the KO mice. These findings suggest that balanced expression of Fhod3 is critical for proper CP and stereocilia structure and function. Further investigation of Fhod3 related hearing impairment mechanisms may lend new insight towards the myriad mechanisms underlying ARHL, which in turn could facilitate the development of therapeutic strategies for ARHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ely Cheikh Boussaty
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Yuzuru Ninoyu
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Leonardo R. Andrade
- Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Qingzhong Li
- USC-Tina and Rick Caruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, USC Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Ryu Takeya
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Hideki Sumimoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ohyama
- USC-Tina and Rick Caruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, USC Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Karl J. Wahlin
- Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Uri Manor
- Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, United States of America
| | - Rick A. Friedman
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
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3
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Christians JK, Reue K. The role of gonadal hormones and sex chromosomes in sex-dependent effects of early nutrition on metabolic health. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1304050. [PMID: 38189044 PMCID: PMC10770830 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1304050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Early-life conditions such as prenatal nutrition can have long-term effects on metabolic health, and these effects may differ between males and females. Understanding the biological mechanisms underlying sex differences in the response to early-life environment will improve interventions, but few such mechanisms have been identified, and there is no overall framework for understanding sex differences. Biological sex differences may be due to chromosomal sex, gonadal sex, or interactions between the two. This review describes approaches to distinguish between the roles of chromosomal and gonadal sex, and summarizes findings regarding sex differences in metabolism. The Four Core Genotypes (FCG) mouse model allows dissociation of the sex chromosome genotype from gonadal type, whereas the XY* mouse model can be used to distinguish effects of X chromosome dosage vs the presence of the Y chromosome. Gonadectomy can be used to distinguish between organizational (permanent) and activational (reversible) effects of sex hormones. Baseline sex differences in a variety of metabolic traits are influenced by both activational and organizational effects of gonadal hormones, as well as sex chromosome complement. Thus far, these approaches have not been widely applied to examine sex-dependent effects of prenatal conditions, although a number of studies have found activational effects of estradiol to be protective against the development of hypertension following early-life adversity. Genes that escape X chromosome inactivation (XCI), such as Kdm5c, contribute to baseline sex-differences in metabolism, while Ogt, another XCI escapee, leads to sex-dependent responses to prenatal maternal stress. Genome-wide approaches to the study of sex differences include mapping genetic loci influencing metabolic traits in a sex-dependent manner. Seeking enrichment for binding sites of hormone receptors among genes showing sexually-dimorphic expression can elucidate the relative roles of hormones. Using the approaches described herein to identify mechanisms underlying sex-dependent effects of early nutrition on metabolic health may enable the identification of fundamental mechanisms and potential interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian K. Christians
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Centre for Cell Biology, Development and Disease, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Women’s Health Research Institute, BC Women’s Hospital and Health Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Karen Reue
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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4
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Khan AH, Bagley JR, LaPierre N, Gonzalez-Figueroa C, Spencer TC, Choudhury M, Xiao X, Eskin E, Jentsch JD, Smith DJ. Genetic pathways regulating the longitudinal acquisition of cocaine self-administration in a panel of inbred and recombinant inbred mice. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112856. [PMID: 37481717 PMCID: PMC10530068 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
To identify addiction genes, we evaluate intravenous self-administration of cocaine or saline in 84 inbred and recombinant inbred mouse strains over 10 days. We integrate the behavior data with brain RNA-seq data from 41 strains. The self-administration of cocaine and that of saline are genetically distinct. We maximize power to map loci for cocaine intake by using a linear mixed model to account for this longitudinal phenotype while correcting for population structure. A total of 15 unique significant loci are identified in the genome-wide association study. A transcriptome-wide association study highlights the Trpv2 ion channel as a key locus for cocaine self-administration as well as identifying 17 additional genes, including Arhgef26, Slc18b1, and Slco5a1. We find numerous instances where alternate splice site selection or RNA editing altered transcript abundance. Our work emphasizes the importance of Trpv2, an ionotropic cannabinoid receptor, for the response to cocaine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad H Khan
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jared R Bagley
- Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Nathan LaPierre
- Department of Computer Science, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | | | - Tadeo C Spencer
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mudra Choudhury
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xinshu Xiao
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Eleazar Eskin
- Department of Computational Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - James D Jentsch
- Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Desmond J Smith
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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5
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Boussaty EC, Ninoyu Y, Andrade L, Li Q, Takeya R, Sumimoto H, Ohyama T, Wahlin KJ, Manor U, Friedman RA. Altered Fhod3 Expression Involved in Progressive High-Frequency Hearing Loss via Dysregulation of Actin Polymerization Stoichiometry in The Cuticular Plate. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.20.549974. [PMID: 37546952 PMCID: PMC10401921 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.20.549974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is a common sensory impairment with comlex underlying mechanisms. In our previous study, we performed a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in mice and identified a novel locus on chromosome 18 associated with ARHL specifically linked to a 32 kHz tone burst stimulus. Consequently, we investigated the role of Formin Homology 2 Domain Containing 3 (Fhod3), a newly discovered candidate gene for ARHL based on the GWAS results. We observed Fhod3 expression in auditory hair cells (HCs) and primarily localized at the cuticular plate (CP). To understand the functional implications of Fhod3 in the cochlea, we generated Fhod3 overexpression mice (Pax2-Cre+/-; Fhod3Tg/+) (TG) and HC-specific conditional knockout mice (Atoh1-Cre+/-; Fhod3fl/fl) (KO). Audiological assessments in TG mice demonstrated progressive high-frequency hearing loss, characterized by predominant loss of outer HCs and decrease phalloidin intensities of CP. Ultrastructural analysis revealed shortened stereocilia in the basal turn cochlea. Importantly, the hearing and HC phenotype in TG mice were replicated in KO mice. These findings indicate that Fhod3 plays a critical role in regulating actin dynamics in CP and stereocilia. Further investigation of Fhod3-related hearing impairment mechanisms may facilitate the development of therapeutic strategies for ARHL in humans.
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Hui ST, Gong L, Swichkow C, Blencowe M, Kaminska D, Diamante G, Pan C, Dalsania M, French SW, Magyar CE, Pajukanta P, Pihlajamäki J, Boström KI, Yang X, Lusis AJ. Role of Matrix Gla Protein in Transforming Growth Factor-β Signaling and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Mice. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 16:943-960. [PMID: 37611662 PMCID: PMC10632746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a complex disease involving both genetic and environmental factors in its onset and progression. We analyzed NASH phenotypes in a genetically diverse cohort of mice, the Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel, to identify genes contributing to disease susceptibility. METHODS A "systems genetics" approach, involving integration of genetic, transcriptomic, and phenotypic data, was used to identify candidate genes and pathways in a mouse model of NASH. The causal role of Matrix Gla Protein (MGP) was validated using heterozygous MGP knockout (Mgp+/-) mice. The mechanistic role of MGP in transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling was examined in the LX-2 stellate cell line by using a loss of function approach. RESULTS Local cis-acting regulation of MGP was correlated with fibrosis, suggesting a causal role in NASH, and this was validated using loss of function experiments in 2 models of diet-induced NASH. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, Mgp was found to be primarily expressed in hepatic stellate cells and dendritic cells in mice. Knockdown of MGP expression in stellate LX-2 cells led to a blunted response to TGF-β stimulation. This was associated with reduced regulatory SMAD phosphorylation and TGF-β receptor ALK1 expression as well as increased expression of inhibitory SMAD6. Hepatic MGP expression was found to be significantly correlated with the severity of fibrosis in livers of patients with NASH, suggesting relevance to human disease. CONCLUSIONS MGP regulates liver fibrosis and TGF-β signaling in hepatic stellate cells and contributes to NASH pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon T Hui
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Lili Gong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chantle Swichkow
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Montgomery Blencowe
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Dorota Kaminska
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Graciel Diamante
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Calvin Pan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Meet Dalsania
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Samuel W French
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Clara E Magyar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Päivi Pajukanta
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jussi Pihlajamäki
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kristina I Boström
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
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Swift SK, Purdy AL, Kolell ME, Andresen KG, Lahue C, Buddell T, Akins KA, Rau CD, O'Meara CC, Patterson M. Cardiomyocyte ploidy is dynamic during postnatal development and varies across genetic backgrounds. Development 2023; 150:dev201318. [PMID: 36912240 PMCID: PMC10113957 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Somatic polyploidization, an adaptation by which cells increase their DNA content to support growth, is observed in many cell types, including cardiomyocytes. Although polyploidization is believed to be beneficial, progression to a polyploid state is often accompanied by loss of proliferative capacity. Recent work suggests that genetics heavily influence cardiomyocyte ploidy. However, the developmental course by which cardiomyocytes reach their final ploidy state has only been investigated in select backgrounds. Here, we assessed cardiomyocyte number, cell cycle activity, and ploidy dynamics across two divergent mouse strains: C57BL/6J and A/J. Both strains are born and reach adulthood with comparable numbers of cardiomyocytes; however, the end composition of ploidy classes and developmental progression to reach the final state differ substantially. We expand on previous findings that identified Tnni3k as a mediator of cardiomyocyte ploidy and uncover a role for Runx1 in ploidy dynamics and cardiomyocyte cell division, in both developmental and injury contexts. These data provide novel insights into the developmental path to cardiomyocyte polyploidization and challenge the paradigm that hypertrophy is the sole mechanism for growth in the postnatal heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha K. Swift
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Alexandra L. Purdy
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Mary E. Kolell
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Kaitlyn G. Andresen
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Caitlin Lahue
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Tyler Buddell
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Cardiovascular Center, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Kaelin A. Akins
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Christoph D. Rau
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Caitlin C. O'Meara
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Cardiovascular Center, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Physiology, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Michaela Patterson
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Cardiovascular Center, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
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8
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Cao Y, Aquino-Martinez R, Hutchison E, Allayee H, Lusis AJ, Rey FE. Role of gut microbe-derived metabolites in cardiometabolic diseases: Systems based approach. Mol Metab 2022; 64:101557. [PMID: 35870705 PMCID: PMC9399267 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiome influences host physiology and cardiometabolic diseases by interacting directly with intestinal cells or by producing molecules that enter the host circulation. Given the large number of microbial species present in the gut and the numerous factors that influence gut bacterial composition, it has been challenging to understand the underlying biological mechanisms that modulate risk of cardiometabolic disease. SCOPE OF THE REVIEW Here we discuss a systems-based approach that involves simultaneously examining individuals in populations for gut microbiome composition, molecular traits using "omics" technologies, such as circulating metabolites quantified by mass spectrometry, and clinical traits. We summarize findings from landmark studies using this approach and discuss future applications. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Population-based integrative approaches have identified a large number of microbe-derived or microbe-modified metabolites that are associated with cardiometabolic traits. The knowledge gained from these studies provide new opportunities for understanding the mechanisms involved in gut microbiome-host interactions and may have potentially important implications for developing novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Cao
- Departments of Medicine, Human Genetics, and Microbiology, Immunology, & Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine of UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ruben Aquino-Martinez
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Evan Hutchison
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Hooman Allayee
- Departments of Population & Public Health Sciences and Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Departments of Medicine, Human Genetics, and Microbiology, Immunology, & Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine of UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Federico E Rey
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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9
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Cao Y, Vergnes L, Wang YC, Pan C, Chella Krishnan K, Moore TM, Rosa-Garrido M, Kimball TH, Zhou Z, Charugundla S, Rau CD, Seldin MM, Wang J, Wang Y, Vondriska TM, Reue K, Lusis AJ. Sex differences in heart mitochondria regulate diastolic dysfunction. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3850. [PMID: 35787630 PMCID: PMC9253085 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31544-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) exhibits a sex bias, being more common in women than men, and we hypothesize that mitochondrial sex differences might underlie this bias. As part of genetic studies of heart failure in mice, we observe that heart mitochondrial DNA levels and function tend to be reduced in females as compared to males. We also observe that expression of genes encoding mitochondrial proteins are higher in males than females in human cohorts. We test our hypothesis in a panel of genetically diverse inbred strains of mice, termed the Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel (HMDP). Indeed, we find that mitochondrial gene expression is highly correlated with diastolic function, a key trait in HFpEF. Consistent with this, studies of a "two-hit" mouse model of HFpEF confirm that mitochondrial function differs between sexes and is strongly associated with a number of HFpEF traits. By integrating data from human heart failure and the mouse HMDP cohort, we identify the mitochondrial gene Acsl6 as a genetic determinant of diastolic function. We validate its role in HFpEF using adenoviral over-expression in the heart. We conclude that sex differences in mitochondrial function underlie, in part, the sex bias in diastolic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Cao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Laurent Vergnes
- Metabolism Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Yu-Chen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Calvin Pan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Karthickeyan Chella Krishnan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, USA
| | - Timothy M Moore
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Manuel Rosa-Garrido
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Todd H Kimball
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sarada Charugundla
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christoph D Rau
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marcus M Seldin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yibin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Thomas M Vondriska
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Karen Reue
- Metabolism Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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10
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Lavinsky J, Kasperbauer G, Bento RF, Mendonça A, Wang J, Crow AL, Allayee H, Friedman RA. Noise Exposure and Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission Suprathreshold Amplitudes: A Genome-Wide Association Study. Audiol Neurootol 2021; 26:445-453. [PMID: 34280920 DOI: 10.1159/000514143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although several candidate-gene association studies have been conducted to investigate noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) in humans, most are underpowered, unreplicated, and account for only a fraction of the genetic risk. Mouse genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have revolutionized the field of genetics and have led to the discovery of hundreds of genes involved in complex traits. The hybrid mouse diversity panel (HMDP) is a collection of classic inbred and recombinant inbred strains whose genomes have been either genotyped at high resolution or sequenced. To further investigate the genetics of NIHL, we report the first GWAS based on distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) measurements and the HMDP. METHODS A total of 102 strains (n = 635) from the HMDP were evaluated based on DPOAE suprathreshold amplitudes before and after noise exposure. DPOAE amplitude variation was set at 60 and 70 dB SPL of the primary tones for each frequency separately (8, 11.3, 16, 22.6, and 32 kHz). These values provided an indirect assessment of outer hair cell integrity. Six-week-old mice were exposed for 2 h to 10 kHz octave-band noise at 108 dB SPL. To perform local expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis, gene expression microarray profiles were generated using cochlear RNA from 64 hybrid mouse strains (n = 3 arrays per strain). RESULTS Several new loci were identified and positional candidate-genes associated with NIHL were prioritized, especially after noise exposure (1 locus at baseline and 5 loci after exposure). A total of 35 candidate genes in these 6 loci were identified with at least 1 probe whose expression was regulated by a significant cis-eQTL in the cochlea. After careful analysis of the candidate genes based on cochlear gene expression, 2 candidate genes were prioritized: Eya1 (baseline) and Efr3a (post-exposure). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION For the first time, an association analysis with correction for population structure was used to map several loci for hearing traits in inbred strains of mice based on DPOAE suprathreshold amplitudes before and after noise exposure. Our results identified a number of novel loci and candidate genes for susceptibility to NIHL, especially the Eya1 and Efr3a genes. Our findings validate the power of the HMDP for detecting NIHL susceptibility genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Lavinsky
- Postgraduate Program in Medicine: Surgical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Kasperbauer
- Postgraduate Program in Medicine: Surgical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ricardo F Bento
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of São Paulo, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Aline Mendonça
- Postgraduate Program in Medicine: Surgical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Juemei Wang
- Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Amanda L Crow
- Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hooman Allayee
- Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
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11
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Ashbrook DG, Arends D, Prins P, Mulligan MK, Roy S, Williams EG, Lutz CM, Valenzuela A, Bohl CJ, Ingels JF, McCarty MS, Centeno AG, Hager R, Auwerx J, Lu L, Williams RW. A platform for experimental precision medicine: The extended BXD mouse family. Cell Syst 2021; 12:235-247.e9. [PMID: 33472028 PMCID: PMC7979527 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The challenge of precision medicine is to model complex interactions among DNA variants, phenotypes, development, environments, and treatments. We address this challenge by expanding the BXD family of mice to 140 fully isogenic strains, creating a uniquely powerful model for precision medicine. This family segregates for 6 million common DNA variants-a level that exceeds many human populations. Because each member can be replicated, heritable traits can be mapped with high power and precision. Current BXD phenomes are unsurpassed in coverage and include much omics data and thousands of quantitative traits. BXDs can be extended by a single-generation cross to as many as 19,460 isogenic F1 progeny, and this extended BXD family is an effective platform for testing causal modeling and for predictive validation. BXDs are a unique core resource for the field of experimental precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Ashbrook
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
| | - Danny Arends
- Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institut, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstraße 42, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Pjotr Prins
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Megan K Mulligan
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Suheeta Roy
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Evan G Williams
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Université du Luxembourg, L-4365 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Cathleen M Lutz
- Mouse Repository and the Rare and Orphan Disease Center, the Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Alicia Valenzuela
- Mouse Repository and the Rare and Orphan Disease Center, the Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Casey J Bohl
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Jesse F Ingels
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Melinda S McCarty
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Arthur G Centeno
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Reinmar Hager
- Division of Evolution & Genomic Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
| | - Robert W Williams
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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12
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Bein K, Ganguly K, Martin TM, Concel VJ, Brant KA, Di YPP, Upadhyay S, Fabisiak JP, Vuga LJ, Kaminski N, Kostem E, Eskin E, Prows DR, Jang AS, Leikauf GD. Genetic determinants of ammonia-induced acute lung injury in mice. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 320:L41-L62. [PMID: 33050709 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00276.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a genetically diverse panel of 43 mouse strains was exposed to ammonia, and genome-wide association mapping was performed employing a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) assembly. Transcriptomic analysis was used to help resolve the genetic determinants of ammonia-induced acute lung injury. The encoded proteins were prioritized based on molecular function, nonsynonymous SNP within a functional domain or SNP within the promoter region that altered expression. This integrative functional approach revealed 14 candidate genes that included Aatf, Avil, Cep162, Hrh4, Lama3, Plcb4, and Ube2cbp, which had significant SNP associations, and Aff1, Bcar3, Cntn4, Kcnq5, Prdm10, Ptcd3, and Snx19, which had suggestive SNP associations. Of these genes, Bcar3, Cep162, Hrh4, Kcnq5, and Lama3 are particularly noteworthy and had pathophysiological roles that could be associated with acute lung injury in several ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiflai Bein
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Koustav Ganguly
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Unit of Integrated Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Timothy M Martin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Vincent J Concel
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kelly A Brant
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Y P Peter Di
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Swapna Upadhyay
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Unit of Integrated Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - James P Fabisiak
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Louis J Vuga
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Naftali Kaminski
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Medicine, Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Emrah Kostem
- Departments of Computer Science and Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Eleazar Eskin
- Departments of Computer Science and Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Daniel R Prows
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Ann-Soo Jang
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, South Korea
| | - George D Leikauf
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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13
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The Genetics of Variation of the Wave 1 Amplitude of the Mouse Auditory Brainstem Response. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2020; 21:323-336. [PMID: 32757112 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-020-00762-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This is the first genome-wide association study with the Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel (HDMP) to define the genetic landscape of the variation in the suprathreshold wave 1 amplitude of the auditory brainstem response (ABR) both pre- and post-noise exposure. This measure is correlated with the density of the auditory neurons (AN) and/or the compliment of synaptic ribbons within the inner hair cells of the mouse cochlea. We analyzed suprathreshold ABR for 635 mice from 102 HMDP strains pre- and post-noise exposure (108 dB 10 kHz octave band noise exposure for 2 h) using auditory brainstem response (ABR) wave 1 suprathreshold amplitudes as part of a large survey (Myint et al., Hear Res 332:113-120, 2016). Genome-wide significance levels for pre- and post-exposure wave 1 amplitude across the HMDP were performed using FaST-LMM. Synaptic ribbon counts (Ctbp2 and mGluR2) were analyzed for the extreme strains within the HMDP. ABR wave 1 amplitude varied across all strains of the HMDP with differences ranging between 2.42 and 3.82-fold pre-exposure and between 2.43 and 7.5-fold post-exposure with several tone burst stimuli (4 kHz, 8 kHz, 12 kHz, 16 kHz, 24 kHz, and 32 kHz). Immunolabeling of paired synaptic ribbons and glutamate receptors of strains with the highest and lowest wave 1 values pre- and post-exposure revealed significant differences in functional synaptic ribbon counts. Genome-wide association analysis identified genome-wide significant threshold associations on chromosome 3 (24 kHz; JAX00105429; p < 1.12E-06) and chromosome 16 (16 kHz; JAX00424604; p < 9.02E-07) prior to noise exposure and significant associations on chromosomes 2 (32 kHz; JAX00497967; p < 3.68E-08) and 13 (8 kHz; JAX00049416; 1.07E-06) after noise exposure. In order to prioritize candidate genes, we generated cis-eQTLs from microarray profiling of RNA isolated from whole cochleae in 64 of the tested strains.This is the first report of a genome-wide association analysis, controlled for population structure, to explore the genetic landscape of suprathreshold wave 1 amplitude measurements of the mouse ABR. We have defined two genomic regions associated with wave 1 amplitude variation prior to noise exposure and an additional two associated with variation after noise exposure.
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14
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Maazi H, Hartiala JA, Suzuki Y, Crow AL, Shafiei Jahani P, Lam J, Patel N, Rigas D, Han Y, Huang P, Eskin E, Lusis AJ, Gilliland FD, Akbari O, Allayee H. A GWAS approach identifies Dapp1 as a determinant of air pollution-induced airway hyperreactivity. PLoS Genet 2019; 15:e1008528. [PMID: 31869344 PMCID: PMC6944376 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways with contributions from genes, environmental exposures, and their interactions. While genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in humans have identified ~200 susceptibility loci, the genetic factors that modulate risk of asthma through gene-environment (GxE) interactions remain poorly understood. Using the Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel (HMDP), we sought to identify the genetic determinants of airway hyperreactivity (AHR) in response to diesel exhaust particles (DEP), a model traffic-related air pollutant. As measured by invasive plethysmography, AHR under control and DEP-exposed conditions varied 3-4-fold in over 100 inbred strains from the HMDP. A GWAS with linear mixed models mapped two loci significantly associated with lung resistance under control exposure to chromosomes 2 (p = 3.0x10-6) and 19 (p = 5.6x10-7). The chromosome 19 locus harbors Il33 and is syntenic to asthma association signals observed at the IL33 locus in humans. A GxE GWAS for post-DEP exposure lung resistance identified a significantly associated locus on chromosome 3 (p = 2.5x10-6). Among the genes at this locus is Dapp1, an adaptor molecule expressed in immune-related and mucosal tissues, including the lung. Dapp1-deficient mice exhibited significantly lower AHR than control mice but only after DEP exposure, thus functionally validating Dapp1 as one of the genes underlying the GxE association at this locus. In summary, our results indicate that some of the genetic determinants for asthma-related phenotypes may be shared between mice and humans, as well as the existence of GxE interactions in mice that modulate lung function in response to air pollution exposures relevant to humans. The genetic factors that modulate risk of asthma through gene-environment (GxE) interactions are poorly understood, due in large part to the inherent difficulties in carrying out such studies in humans. To address these challenges, we used the Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel to elucidate the genetic architecture of asthma-related phenotypes in mice and identify loci that are associated with airway hyperreactivity (AHR) under control exposure conditions and in response to diesel exhaust particles (DEP), as a model traffic-related air pollutant. In the absence of exposure, we identified two loci on chromosomes 2 and 19 for AHR. The locus on chromosome 19 harbors Il33 and is syntenic to association signals observed for asthma at the IL33 locus in humans. In response to DEP exposure, we mapped AHR to a region on chromosome 3 and used a genetically modified mouse model to functionally demonstrate that Dapp1 is one of the genes underlying the GxE association at this locus. Collectively, our results support the concept that some of the genetic determinants for asthma-related phenotypes may be shared between mice and humans as well as the existence of GxE interactions in mice that modulate lung function in response to air pollution exposures relevant to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Maazi
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jaana A. Hartiala
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Yuzo Suzuki
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Amanda L. Crow
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Pedram Shafiei Jahani
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Lam
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Nisheel Patel
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Diamanda Rigas
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Pin Huang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Eleazar Eskin
- Department of Computer Science and Inter-Departmental Program in Bioinformatics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Aldons. J. Lusis
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Frank D. Gilliland
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Omid Akbari
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (OA); (HA)
| | - Hooman Allayee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (OA); (HA)
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15
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Pirie E, Cauntay P, Fu W, Ray S, Pan C, Lusis AJ, Hsiao J, Burel SA, Narayanan P, Crooke RM, Lee RG. Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel Identifies Genetic Architecture Associated with the Acute Antisense Oligonucleotide-Mediated Inflammatory Response to a 2'- O-Methoxyethyl Antisense Oligonucleotide. Nucleic Acid Ther 2019; 29:266-277. [PMID: 31368839 PMCID: PMC6765210 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2019.0797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Although antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) are well tolerated preclinically and in the clinic, some sequences of ASOs can trigger an inflammatory response leading to B cell and macrophage activation in rodents. This prompted our investigation into the contribution of genetic architecture to the ASO-mediated inflammatory response. Genome-wide association (GWA) and transcriptomic analysis in a hybrid mouse diversity panel (HMDP) were used to identify and validate novel genes involved in the acute and delayed inflammatory response to a single 75 mg/kg dose of an inflammatory 2'-O-methoxyethyl (2'MOE) modified ASO. The acute response was measured 6 h after ASO administration, via evaluation for increased plasma production of interleukin 6 (IL6), IL10, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1β (MIP-1β). Delayed inflammation was evaluated by spleen weight increases after 96 h. We identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on chromosomes 16 and 17 associated with plasma MIP-1β, IL6, and MCP-1 levels, and one on chromosome 8 associated with increases in spleen weight. Systems genetic analysis utilizing transcriptomic data from HMDP strain macrophages determined that the acute inflammatory SNPs were expression quantitative trait locis (eQTLs) for CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (Cebpb) and salt inducible kinase 1 (Sik1). The delayed inflammatory SNP was an eQTL for Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 10 (Arhgef10). In vitro assays in mouse primary cells and human cell lines have confirmed the HMDP finding that lower Sik1 expression increases the acute inflammatory response. Our results demonstrate the utility of using mouse GWA study (GWAS) and the HMDP for detecting genes modulating the inflammatory response to pro-inflammatory ASOs in a pharmacological setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Pirie
- Cardiovascular Antisense Drug Discovery Group, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, California
| | - Patrick Cauntay
- Preclinical Development, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, California
| | - Wuxia Fu
- Cardiovascular Antisense Drug Discovery Group, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, California
| | - Shayoni Ray
- Cardiovascular Antisense Drug Discovery Group, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, California
| | - Calvin Pan
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Aldonis J. Lusis
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jill Hsiao
- Preclinical Development, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, California
| | | | - Padma Narayanan
- Preclinical Development, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, California
| | - Rosanne M. Crooke
- Cardiovascular Antisense Drug Discovery Group, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, California
| | - Richard G. Lee
- Cardiovascular Antisense Drug Discovery Group, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, California
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16
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Meier MJ, Beal MA, Schoenrock A, Yauk CL, Marchetti F. Whole Genome Sequencing of the Mutamouse Model Reveals Strain- and Colony-Level Variation, and Genomic Features of the Transgene Integration Site. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13775. [PMID: 31551502 PMCID: PMC6760142 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50302-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The MutaMouse transgenic rodent model is widely used for assessing in vivo mutagenicity. Here, we report the characterization of MutaMouse's whole genome sequence and its genetic variants compared to the C57BL/6 reference genome. High coverage (>50X) next-generation sequencing (NGS) of whole genomes from multiple MutaMouse animals from the Health Canada (HC) colony showed ~5 million SNVs per genome, ~20% of which are putatively novel. Sequencing of two animals from a geographically separated colony at Covance indicated that, over the course of 23 years, each colony accumulated 47,847 (HC) and 17,677 (Covance) non-parental homozygous single nucleotide variants. We found no novel nonsense or missense mutations that impair the MutaMouse response to genotoxic agents. Pairing sequencing data with array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) improved the accuracy and resolution of copy number variants (CNVs) calls and identified 300 genomic regions with CNVs. We also used long-read sequence technology (PacBio) to show that the transgene integration site involved a large deletion event with multiple inversions and rearrangements near a retrotransposon. The MutaMouse genome gives important genetic context to studies using this model, offers insight on the mechanisms of structural variant formation, and contributes a framework to analyze aCGH results alongside NGS data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Meier
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Marc A Beal
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Existing Substances Risk Assessment Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew Schoenrock
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Carole L Yauk
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Francesco Marchetti
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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17
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Comparison of post-traumatic changes in circulating and bone marrow leukocytes between BALB/c and CD-1 mouse strains. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222594. [PMID: 31527918 PMCID: PMC6748677 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This manuscript emerged from a larger third-party funded project investigating a new poly-trauma model and its influence upon secondary sepsis. The present sub-study compared selected leukocyte subpopulations in the circulation and bone marrow after polytrauma in BALB/c versus CD-1 mice. Animals underwent unilateral femur fracture, splenectomy and hemorrhagic shock. We collected blood and bone marrow for flow cytometry analysis at 24h and 48h post-trauma. Circulating granulocytes (Ly6G+CD11+) increased in both strains after trauma. Only in BALB/c mice circulating CD8+ T-lymphocytes decreased within 48h by 30%. Regulatory T-cells (Tregs, CD4+CD25+CD127low) increased in both strains by approx. 32%. Circulating Tregs and lymphocytes (CD11b-Ly6G-MHC-2+) were always at least 1.5-fold higher in BALB/c, while the bone marrow MHC-2 expression decreased in CD-1 mice (p<0.05). Overall, immune responses to polytrauma were similar in both strains. Additionally, BALB/c expressed higher level of circulating regulatory T-cells and MHC-2-positive lymphocytes compared to CD-1 mice.
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18
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Norheim F, Hasin-Brumshtein Y, Vergnes L, Chella Krishnan K, Pan C, Seldin MM, Hui ST, Mehrabian M, Zhou Z, Gupta S, Parks BW, Walch A, Reue K, Hofmann SM, Arnold AP, Lusis AJ. Gene-by-Sex Interactions in Mitochondrial Functions and Cardio-Metabolic Traits. Cell Metab 2019; 29:932-949.e4. [PMID: 30639359 PMCID: PMC6447452 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We studied sex differences in over 50 cardio-metabolic traits in a panel of 100 diverse inbred strains of mice. The results clearly showed that the effects of sex on both clinical phenotypes and gene expression depend on the genetic background. In support of this, genetic loci associated with the traits frequently showed sex specificity. For example, Lyplal1, a gene implicated in human obesity, was shown to underlie a sex-specific locus for diet-induced obesity. Global gene expression analyses of tissues across the panel implicated adipose tissue "beiging" and mitochondrial functions in the sex differences. Isolated mitochondria showed gene-by-sex interactions in oxidative functions, such that some strains (C57BL/6J) showed similar function between sexes, whereas others (DBA/2J and A/J) showed increased function in females. Reduced adipose mitochondrial function in males as compared to females was associated with increased susceptibility to obesity and insulin resistance. Gonadectomy studies indicated that gonadal hormones acting in a tissue-specific manner were responsible in part for the sex differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frode Norheim
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology and Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Yehudit Hasin-Brumshtein
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology and Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Laurent Vergnes
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Karthickeyan Chella Krishnan
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology and Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Calvin Pan
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology and Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marcus M Seldin
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology and Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Simon T Hui
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology and Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Margarete Mehrabian
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology and Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology and Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sonul Gupta
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology and Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brian W Parks
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Axel Walch
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Karen Reue
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Susanna M Hofmann
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, München 80336, Germany; Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Ludwig Maximilian Universität (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Arthur P Arnold
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology and Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Gene expression variation and parental allele inheritance in a Xiphophorus interspecies hybridization model. PLoS Genet 2018; 14:e1007875. [PMID: 30586357 PMCID: PMC6324826 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying segregation of phenotypic variation through successive generations is important for understanding physiological changes and disease risk. Tracing the etiology of variation in gene expression enables identification of genetic interactions, and may uncover molecular mechanisms leading to the phenotypic expression of a trait, especially when utilizing model organisms that have well-defined genetic lineages. There are a plethora of studies that describe relationships between gene expression and genotype, however, the idea that global variations in gene expression are also controlled by genotype remains novel. Despite the identification of loci that control gene expression variation, the global understanding of how genome constitution affects trait variability is unknown. To study this question, we utilized Xiphophorus fish of different, but tractable genetic backgrounds (inbred, F1 interspecies hybrids, and backcross hybrid progeny), and measured each individual’s gene expression concurrent with the degrees of inter-individual expression variation. We found, (a) F1 interspecies hybrids exhibited less variability than inbred animals, indicting gene expression variation is not affected by the fraction of heterozygous loci within an individual genome, and (b), that mixing genotypes in backcross populations led to higher levels of gene expression variability, supporting the idea that expression variability is caused by heterogeneity of genotypes of cis or trans loci. In conclusion, heterogeneity of genotype, introduced by inheritance of different alleles, accounts for the largest effects on global phenotypical variability. Phenotypical variability is a multi-factorial phenomenon. Although it has been shown that inheriting certain gene is associated with lower phenotypical variability, how genome complexity affect phenotypical variability is still unclear. To study this question, we used inbred Xiphophorus fish, backcross interspecies hybrids, and F1 interspecies hybrids between select Xiphophorus species to model genetic composition with minimum, medium, and maximum heterozygosity respectively, and measured their global gene expression variability. We found gene expression variation is not affected by the percentage of heterozygous loci in individual genome, but instead related to heterogeneity of genotype at local or remote loci.
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20
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Hui ST, Kurt Z, Tuominen I, Norheim F, C.Davis R, Pan C, Dirks DL, Magyar CE, French SW, Chella Krishnan K, Sabir S, Campos‐Pérez F, Méndez‐Sánchez N, Macías‐Kauffer L, León‐Mimila P, Canizales‐Quinteros S, Yang X, Beaven SW, Huertas‐Vazquez A, Lusis AJ. The Genetic Architecture of Diet-Induced Hepatic Fibrosis in Mice. Hepatology 2018; 68:2182-2196. [PMID: 29907965 PMCID: PMC6269199 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the genetic analysis of a "humanized" hyperlipidemic mouse model for progressive nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and fibrosis. Mice carrying transgenes for human apolipoprotein E*3-Leiden and cholesteryl ester transfer protein and fed a "Western" diet were studied on the genetic backgrounds of over 100 inbred mouse strains. The mice developed hepatic inflammation and fibrosis that was highly dependent on genetic background, with vast differences in the degree of fibrosis. Histological analysis showed features characteristic of human NASH, including macrovesicular steatosis, hepatocellular ballooning, inflammatory foci, and pericellular collagen deposition. Time course experiments indicated that while hepatic triglyceride levels increased steadily on the diet, hepatic fibrosis occurred at about 12 weeks. We found that the genetic variation predisposing to NASH and fibrosis differs markedly from that predisposing to simple steatosis, consistent with a multistep model in which distinct genetic factors are involved. Moreover, genome-wide association identified distinct genetic loci contributing to steatosis and NASH. Finally, we used hepatic expression data from the mouse panel and from 68 bariatric surgery patients with normal liver, steatosis, or NASH to identify enriched biological pathways. Conclusion: The pathways showed substantial overlap between our mouse model and the human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon T. Hui
- Department of Medicine, Division of CardiologyDavid Geffen School of MedicineLos AngelesCA
| | - Zeyneb Kurt
- Department of Integrative Biology and PhysiologyUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA
| | - Iina Tuominen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive Diseases & Pfleger Liver Institute and Center for Obesity and Metabolic Health (COMET)David Geffen School of MedicineLos AngelesCA
| | - Frode Norheim
- Department of Medicine, Division of CardiologyDavid Geffen School of MedicineLos AngelesCA
| | - Richard C.Davis
- Department of Medicine, Division of CardiologyDavid Geffen School of MedicineLos AngelesCA
| | - Calvin Pan
- Department of Medicine, Division of CardiologyDavid Geffen School of MedicineLos AngelesCA
| | - Darwin L. Dirks
- Department of Medicine, Division of CardiologyDavid Geffen School of MedicineLos AngelesCA
| | - Clara E. Magyar
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA
| | - Samuel W. French
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA
| | | | - Simon Sabir
- Department of Medicine, Division of CardiologyDavid Geffen School of MedicineLos AngelesCA
| | - Francisco Campos‐Pérez
- Clínica Integral de Cirugía para la Obesidad y Enfermedades MetabólicasHospital General Dr. Rubén LéneroMexico CityMexico
| | | | - Luis Macías‐Kauffer
- Facultad de Química, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN)Unidad de Genómica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la SaludMexico CityMexico
| | - Paola León‐Mimila
- Facultad de Química, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN)Unidad de Genómica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la SaludMexico CityMexico
| | - Samuel Canizales‐Quinteros
- Facultad de Química, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN)Unidad de Genómica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la SaludMexico CityMexico
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Integrative Biology and PhysiologyUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA
| | - Simon W. Beaven
- Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive Diseases & Pfleger Liver Institute and Center for Obesity and Metabolic Health (COMET)David Geffen School of MedicineLos AngelesCA
| | | | - Aldons J. Lusis
- Department of Medicine, Division of CardiologyDavid Geffen School of MedicineLos AngelesCA
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21
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Mouse genome-wide association studies and systems genetics uncover the genetic architecture associated with hepatic pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of a constrained ethyl antisense oligonucleotide targeting Malat1. PLoS Genet 2018; 14:e1007732. [PMID: 30372444 PMCID: PMC6224167 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) have demonstrated variation of efficacy in patient populations. This has prompted our investigation into the contribution of genetic architecture to ASO pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD). Genome wide association (GWA) and transcriptomic analysis in a hybrid mouse diversity panel (HMDP) were used to identify and validate novel genes involved in the uptake and efficacy of a single dose of a Malat1 constrained ethyl (cEt) modified ASO. The GWA of the HMDP identified two significant associations on chromosomes 4 and 10 with hepatic Malat1 ASO concentrations. Stabilin 2 (Stab2) and vesicle associated membrane protein 3 (Vamp3) were identified by cis-eQTL analysis. HMDP strains with lower Stab2 expression and Stab2 KO mice displayed significantly lower PK than strains with higher Stab2 expression and the wild type (WT) animals respectively, confirming the role of Stab2 in regulating hepatic Malat1 ASO uptake. GWA examining ASO efficacy uncovered three loci associated with Malat1 potency: Small Subunit Processome Component (Utp11l) on chromosome 4, Rho associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2 (Rock2) and Aci-reductone dioxygenase (Adi1) on chromosome 12. Our results demonstrate the utility of mouse GWAS using the HMDP in detecting genes capable of impacting the uptake of ASOs, and identifies genes critical for the activity of ASOs in vivo. Previous work in the clinic has clearly demonstrated differential patient response to antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) drugs. However, to date there has been no systematic evaluation of genes associated with this response in vivo. In this study, we utilized an advanced genetic methodology in mice to identify genes involved with the heterogeneity in both accumulation and potency of an ASO targeting metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (Malat1) in liver. Detailed analysis of ASO functionality in livers from 100 genetically distinct strains of inbred mice treated with either Malat1 or control ASO led to the selection of specific genetic regions associated with variation in ASO uptake and potency. Specifically, we identified regions on chromosomes 4 and 10 which highlighted two genes associated with variations in hepatic drug accumulation. Further, we established three regions on chromosome 4 and 12 linked to three genes associated with variability in hepatic ASO efficacy. We carried out additional functional validation of the isolated genes in mouse models and cell lines and confirmed that this methodology can be used to identify genes affecting ASO drug response. These results are particularly important for the design of antisense drugs with improved efficacy, safety, and tolerability.
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22
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Hiyari S, Green E, Pan C, Lari S, Davar M, Davis R, Camargo PM, Tetradis S, Lusis AJ, Pirih FQ. Genomewide Association Study Identifies Cxcl Family Members as Partial Mediators of LPS-Induced Periodontitis. J Bone Miner Res 2018; 33:1450-1463. [PMID: 29637625 PMCID: PMC8434897 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis (PD) is characterized by bacterial infection and inflammation of tooth-supporting structures and can lead to tooth loss. PD affects ∼47% of the US population over age 30 years and has a heritability of about 50%. Although the host immunoinflammatory response and genetic background play a role, little is known of the underlying genetic factors. We examined natural genetic variation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced PD across a panel of inbred mouse strains, the hybrid mouse diversity panel (HMDP). We observed a strain-dependent sixfold difference in LPS-induced bone loss across the HMDP with a heritability of 53%. We performed a genomewide association study (GWAS) using FAST-LMM, which corrects for population structure, and identified loci significantly associated with PD. We examined candidate genes at a locus on chromosome 5, which suggested a relationship between LPS-induced bone loss and, together with expression data, identified Cxcl family members as associated with PD. We observed an increase in Cxcl10 protein, as well as immune cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines in C57BL/6J (high bone loss strain) but not in A/J (low bone loss strain) after LPS injections. Genetic deletion of CXCR3 (Cxcl9 and10 receptor) demonstrated a ∼50% reduction in bone loss and reduced osteoclasts after LPS injections. Furthermore, WT mice treated with AMG-487 (a CXCR3 antagonist) showed a ∼45% reduction in bone loss and decreased osteoclasts after LPS injections. We conclude that CXCR3 is a strong candidate for modulating the host response in individuals susceptible to PD. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Hiyari
- Section of Periodontics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elissa Green
- Section of Periodontics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Calvin Pan
- Departments of Medicine, Cardiology, and Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Soma Lari
- Section of Periodontics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mina Davar
- Section of Periodontics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Richard Davis
- Departments of Medicine, Cardiology, and Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paulo M Camargo
- Section of Periodontics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sotirios Tetradis
- Section of Oral Radiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Departments of Medicine, Cardiology, and Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Flavia Q Pirih
- Section of Periodontics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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23
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Hiyari S, Naghibi A, Wong R, Sadreshkevary R, Yi-Ling L, Tetradis S, Camargo PM, Pirih FQ. Susceptibility of different mouse strains to peri-implantitis. J Periodontal Res 2017; 53:107-116. [PMID: 29044525 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Peri-implantitis (PI) is an inflammatory condition that affects the tissues surrounding dental implants. Although the pathogenesis of PI is not fully understood, evidence suggests that the etiology is multifactorial and may include a genetic component. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of genetics in the development of peri-implantitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Four-week-old C57BL/6J, C3H/HeJ and A/J male mice had their left maxillary molars extracted. Implants were placed in the healed extraction sockets. Upon osseointegration, ligatures were placed around the implant head for 1 or 4 weeks to induce PI. Micro-computed tomography scanning was used to measure volumetric bone loss. Histological analyses were also performed to evaluate collagen organization and the presence of neutrophils and osteoclasts. RESULTS Radiographically, comparing the ligature-treated mice, C57BL/6J displayed the greatest amount of bone loss, followed by C3H/HeJ and A/J mice at 1 and 4 weeks. Histologically, at 1 week, C57BL/6J mice presented with the highest numbers of neutrophils and osteoclasts. At 4 weeks, C57BL/6J mice presented with the most active bone remodeling compared with the other two strains. CONCLUSION There were significant differences in the severity of peri-implantitis among the different mouse strains, suggesting that the genetic framework can affect implant survival and success. Future work is needed to dissect the genetic contribution to the development of peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hiyari
- Section of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - A Naghibi
- Section of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - R Wong
- Section of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - R Sadreshkevary
- Section of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - L Yi-Ling
- Section of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S Tetradis
- Section of Radiology, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - P M Camargo
- Section of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - F Q Pirih
- Section of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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24
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Patterson M, Barske L, Van Handel B, Rau CD, Gan P, Sharma A, Parikh S, Denholtz M, Huang Y, Yamaguchi Y, Shen H, Allayee H, Crump JG, Force TI, Lien CL, Makita T, Lusis AJ, Kumar SR, Sucov HM. Frequency of mononuclear diploid cardiomyocytes underlies natural variation in heart regeneration. Nat Genet 2017; 49:1346-1353. [PMID: 28783163 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Adult mammalian cardiomyocyte regeneration after injury is thought to be minimal. Mononuclear diploid cardiomyocytes (MNDCMs), a relatively small subpopulation in the adult heart, may account for the observed degree of regeneration, but this has not been tested. We surveyed 120 inbred mouse strains and found that the frequency of adult mononuclear cardiomyocytes was surprisingly variable (>7-fold). Cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart functional recovery after coronary artery ligation both correlated with pre-injury MNDCM content. Using genome-wide association, we identified Tnni3k as one gene that influences variation in this composition and demonstrated that Tnni3k knockout resulted in elevated MNDCM content and increased cardiomyocyte proliferation after injury. Reciprocally, overexpression of Tnni3k in zebrafish promoted cardiomyocyte polyploidization and compromised heart regeneration. Our results corroborate the relevance of MNDCMs in heart regeneration. Moreover, they imply that intrinsic heart regeneration is not limited nor uniform in all individuals, but rather is a variable trait influenced by multiple genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Patterson
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lindsey Barske
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ben Van Handel
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Christoph D Rau
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Peiheng Gan
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Avneesh Sharma
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Shan Parikh
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Matt Denholtz
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ying Huang
- Program of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yukiko Yamaguchi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hua Shen
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hooman Allayee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - J Gage Crump
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Thomas I Force
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ching-Ling Lien
- Program of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Takako Makita
- Developmental Neuroscience Program, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - S Ram Kumar
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Henry M Sucov
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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25
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Rau CD, Romay MC, Tuteryan M, Wang JJC, Santolini M, Ren S, Karma A, Weiss JN, Wang Y, Lusis AJ. Systems Genetics Approach Identifies Gene Pathways and Adamts2 as Drivers of Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy and Cardiomyopathy in Mice. Cell Syst 2017; 4:121-128.e4. [PMID: 27866946 PMCID: PMC5338604 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2016.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported a genetic analysis of heart failure traits in a population of inbred mouse strains treated with isoproterenol to mimic catecholamine-driven cardiac hypertrophy. Here, we apply a co-expression network algorithm, wMICA, to perform a systems-level analysis of left ventricular transcriptomes from these mice. We describe the features of the overall network but focus on a module identified in treated hearts that is strongly related to cardiac hypertrophy and pathological remodeling. Using the causal modeling algorithm NEO, we identified the gene Adamts2 as a putative regulator of this module and validated the predictive value of NEO using small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes. Adamts2 silencing regulated the expression of the genes residing within the module and impaired isoproterenol-induced cellular hypertrophy. Our results provide a view of higher order interactions in heart failure with potential for diagnostic and therapeutic insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph D Rau
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Departments of Anesthesiology, Physiology, and Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Milagros C Romay
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mary Tuteryan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jessica J-C Wang
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Marc Santolini
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Complex Systems, Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shuxun Ren
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Physiology, and Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Alain Karma
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Complex Systems, Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - James N Weiss
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yibin Wang
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Physiology, and Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Genome Sequencing of Chromosome 1 Substitution Lines Derived from Chinese Wild Mice Revealed a Unique Resource for Genetic Studies of Complex Traits. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2016; 6:3571-3580. [PMID: 27605517 PMCID: PMC5100856 DOI: 10.1534/g3.116.033902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mouse resources such as Collaborative Cross, outbred stocks, Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel, and chromosome substitution strains have been instrumental to many progresses in the studies of complex traits genetics. We have established a population of chromosome 1 (Chr 1) substitution lines (C1SLs) in which donor chromosomes were derived from Chinese wild mice. Genome sequencing of 18 lines of this population showed that Chr 1 had been replaced by the donor chromosome. About 4.5 million unique single nucleotide polymorphisms and indels were discovered on Chr 1, of which 1.3 million were novel. Compared with sequenced classical inbred strains, Chr 1 of each C1SL had fivefold more variants, and more loss of function and potentially regulatory variants. Further haplotype analysis showed that the donor chromosome accumulated more historical recombination events, with the largest haplotype block being only 100 kb, and about 57% of the blocks were <1 kb. Subspecies origin analysis showed that these chromosomes had a mosaic genome structure that dominantly originated from Mus musculus musculus and M. m. castaneus subspecies, except for the C57BL/6J-Chr1KM line from M. m. domesticus. In addition, phenotyping four of these lines on blood biochemistry suggested that there were substantial phenotypic variations among our lines, especially line C57BL/6J-Chr1HZ and donor strain C57BL/6J. Further gene ontology enrichment revealed that the differentially expressed genes among liver-expressed genes between C57BL/6J and C57BL/6J-Chr1HZ were enriched in lipid metabolism biological processes. All these characteristics enable C1SLs to be a unique resource for identifying and fine mapping quantitative trait loci on mouse Chr 1, and carrying out systems genetics studies of complex traits.
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The Genetic Architecture of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss: Evidence for a Gene-by-Environment Interaction. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2016; 6:3219-3228. [PMID: 27520957 PMCID: PMC5068943 DOI: 10.1534/g3.116.032516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of environmentally specific genetic effects is crucial to the understanding of complex traits, such as susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). We describe the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) for NIHL in a large and well-characterized population of inbred mouse strains, known as the Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel (HMDP). We recorded auditory brainstem response (ABR) thresholds both pre and post 2-hr exposure to 10-kHz octave band noise at 108 dB sound pressure level in 5–6-wk-old female mice from the HMDP (4–5 mice/strain). From the observation that NIHL susceptibility varied among the strains, we performed a GWAS with correction for population structure and mapped a locus on chromosome 6 that was statistically significantly associated with two adjacent frequencies. We then used a “genetical genomics” approach that included the analysis of cochlear eQTLs to identify candidate genes within the GWAS QTL. In order to validate the gene-by-environment interaction, we compared the effects of the postnoise exposure locus with that from the same unexposed strains. The most significant SNP at chromosome 6 (rs37517079) was associated with noise susceptibility, but was not significant at the same frequencies in our unexposed study. These findings demonstrate that the genetic architecture of NIHL is distinct from that of unexposed hearing levels and provide strong evidence for gene-by-environment interactions in NIHL.
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Genome-Wide Association Analysis Identifies Dcc as an Essential Factor in the Innervation of the Peripheral Vestibular System in Inbred Mice. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2016; 17:417-31. [PMID: 27539716 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-016-0578-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the genetic causes of vestibular dysfunction. We used vestibular sensory-evoked potentials (VsEPs) to characterize the vestibular function of 35 inbred mouse strains selected from the Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel and demonstrated strain-dependent phenotypic variation in vestibular function. Using these phenotypic data, we performed the first genome-wide association study controlling for population structure that has revealed two highly suggestive loci, one of which lies within a haplotype block containing five genes (Stard6, 4930503L19Rik, Poli, Mbd2, Dcc) on Chr. 18 (peak SNP rs29632020), one gene, deleted in colorectal carcinoma (Dcc) has a well-established role in nervous system development. An in-depth analysis of Dcc-deficient mice demonstrated elevation in mean VsEP threshold for Dcc (+/-) mice (-11.86 dB) compared to wild-type (-9.68 dB) littermates. Synaptic ribbon studies revealed Dcc (-/-) (P0) and Dcc (+/-) (6-week-old) mice showed lower density of the presynaptic marker (CtBP2) as compared to wild-type controls. Vestibular ganglion cell counts of Dcc (-/-) (P0) was lower than controls. Whole-mount preparations showed abnormal innervation of the utricle, saccule, and crista ampullaris at E14.5, E16.5, and E18.5. Postnatal studies were limited by the perinatal lethality in Dcc (-/-) mice. Expression analyses using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry showed Dcc expression in the mouse vestibular ganglion (E15.5), and utricle and crista ampullaris (6-week-old), respectively. In summary, we report the first GWAS for vestibular functional variation in inbred mice and provide evidence for the role of Dcc in the normal innervation of the peripheral vestibular system.
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Wang JJC, Rau C, Avetisyan R, Ren S, Romay MC, Stolin G, Gong KW, Wang Y, Lusis AJ. Genetic Dissection of Cardiac Remodeling in an Isoproterenol-Induced Heart Failure Mouse Model. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006038. [PMID: 27385019 PMCID: PMC4934852 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to understand the genetic control of cardiac remodeling using an isoproterenol-induced heart failure model in mice, which allowed control of confounding factors in an experimental setting. We characterized the changes in cardiac structure and function in response to chronic isoproterenol infusion using echocardiography in a panel of 104 inbred mouse strains. We showed that cardiac structure and function, whether under normal or stress conditions, has a strong genetic component, with heritability estimates of left ventricular mass between 61% and 81%. Association analyses of cardiac remodeling traits, corrected for population structure, body size and heart rate, revealed 17 genome-wide significant loci, including several loci containing previously implicated genes. Cardiac tissue gene expression profiling, expression quantitative trait loci, expression-phenotype correlation, and coding sequence variation analyses were performed to prioritize candidate genes and to generate hypotheses for downstream mechanistic studies. Using this approach, we have validated a novel gene, Myh14, as a negative regulator of ISO-induced left ventricular mass hypertrophy in an in vivo mouse model and demonstrated the up-regulation of immediate early gene Myc, fetal gene Nppb, and fibrosis gene Lgals3 in ISO-treated Myh14 deficient hearts compared to controls. Heart failure is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in the aging population. Previous large-scale human genome-wide association studies have yielded only a handful of genetic loci contributing to heart failure-related traits. Using a panel of diverse inbred mouse strains, treated with a β-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol to mimic the heart failure state, we sought to uncover the contribution of common genetic variation in heart failure. We found that heart failure has a strong genetic component. We successfully identified 17 genome-wide significant loci associated with indices of heart failure. We showed that genetic variation in a novel gene Myh14 affects heart failure by altering the mechanical responses of heart muscles to isoproterenol-induced stress. Follow-up studies of this gene and additional candidate genes and loci should reveal potential mechanisms by which genetic variations contribute to heart failure in the general human population. Such insights may lead to improved diagnosis and tailor treatment based on the genetic makeup of individuals in the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Jen-Chu Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JJCW); (AJL)
| | - Christoph Rau
- Department of Anesthesiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Rozeta Avetisyan
- Department of Anesthesiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Shuxun Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Milagros C. Romay
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Gabriel Stolin
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Ke Wei Gong
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Yibin Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Anesthesiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Aldons J. Lusis
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JJCW); (AJL)
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Lusis AJ, Seldin MM, Allayee H, Bennett BJ, Civelek M, Davis RC, Eskin E, Farber CR, Hui S, Mehrabian M, Norheim F, Pan C, Parks B, Rau CD, Smith DJ, Vallim T, Wang Y, Wang J. The Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel: a resource for systems genetics analyses of metabolic and cardiovascular traits. J Lipid Res 2016; 57:925-42. [PMID: 27099397 PMCID: PMC4878195 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r066944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel (HMDP) is a collection of approximately 100 well-characterized inbred strains of mice that can be used to analyze the genetic and environmental factors underlying complex traits. While not nearly as powerful for mapping genetic loci contributing to the traits as human genome-wide association studies, it has some important advantages. First, environmental factors can be controlled. Second, relevant tissues are accessible for global molecular phenotyping. Finally, because inbred strains are renewable, results from separate studies can be integrated. Thus far, the HMDP has been studied for traits relevant to obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, osteoporosis, heart failure, immune regulation, fatty liver disease, and host-gut microbiota interactions. High-throughput technologies have been used to examine the genomes, epigenomes, transcriptomes, proteomes, metabolomes, and microbiomes of the mice under various environmental conditions. All of the published data are available and can be readily used to formulate hypotheses about genes, pathways and interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldons J Lusis
- Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA Microbiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Marcus M Seldin
- Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Hooman Allayee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Brian J Bennett
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Mete Civelek
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Richard C Davis
- Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Eleazar Eskin
- Departments of Computer Science, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Charles R Farber
- Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Simon Hui
- Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Margarete Mehrabian
- Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Frode Norheim
- Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Calvin Pan
- Human Genetics, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Brian Parks
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Christoph D Rau
- Anesthesiology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Desmond J Smith
- Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Thomas Vallim
- Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Yibin Wang
- Anesthesiology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jessica Wang
- Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
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Bennett BJ, Davis RC, Civelek M, Orozco L, Wu J, Qi H, Pan C, Packard RRS, Eskin E, Yan M, Kirchgessner T, Wang Z, Li X, Gregory JC, Hazen SL, Gargalovic PS, Lusis AJ. Genetic Architecture of Atherosclerosis in Mice: A Systems Genetics Analysis of Common Inbred Strains. PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1005711. [PMID: 26694027 PMCID: PMC4687930 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Common forms of atherosclerosis involve multiple genetic and environmental factors. While human genome-wide association studies have identified numerous loci contributing to coronary artery disease and its risk factors, these studies are unable to control environmental factors or examine detailed molecular traits in relevant tissues. We now report a study of natural variations contributing to atherosclerosis and related traits in over 100 inbred strains of mice from the Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel (HMDP). The mice were made hyperlipidemic by transgenic expression of human apolipoprotein E-Leiden (APOE-Leiden) and human cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP). The mice were examined for lesion size and morphology as well as plasma lipid, insulin and glucose levels, and blood cell profiles. A subset of mice was studied for plasma levels of metabolites and cytokines. We also measured global transcript levels in aorta and liver. Finally, the uptake of acetylated LDL by macrophages from HMDP mice was quantitatively examined. Loci contributing to the traits were mapped using association analysis, and relationships among traits were examined using correlation and statistical modeling. A number of conclusions emerged. First, relationships among atherosclerosis and the risk factors in mice resemble those found in humans. Second, a number of trait-loci were identified, including some overlapping with previous human and mouse studies. Third, gene expression data enabled enrichment analysis of pathways contributing to atherosclerosis and prioritization of candidate genes at associated loci in both mice and humans. Fourth, the data provided a number of mechanistic inferences; for example, we detected no association between macrophage uptake of acetylated LDL and atherosclerosis. Fifth, broad sense heritability for atherosclerosis was much larger than narrow sense heritability, indicating an important role for gene-by-gene interactions. Sixth, stepwise linear regression showed that the combined variations in plasma metabolites, including LDL/VLDL-cholesterol, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), arginine, glucose and insulin, account for approximately 30 to 40% of the variation in atherosclerotic lesion area. Overall, our data provide a rich resource for studies of complex interactions underlying atherosclerosis. While recent genetic association studies in human populations have succeeded in identifying genetic loci that contribute to coronary artery disease (CAD) and related phenotypes, these loci explain only a small fraction of the genetic variation in CAD and associated traits. Here, we present a complementary approach using association analysis of atherosclerotic traits among inbred strains of mice. A strength of this approach is that it enables in-depth phenotypic characterization including gene expression and metabolic profiling across a variety of tissues, and integration of these molecular phenotypes with coronary artery disease itself. A striking finding was the large fraction of atherosclerosis that was explained by genetic interactions. Association analysis allowed us to identify genetic loci for atherosclerotic lesion area as well as transcript, cytokine and metabolite levels, and relationships among the traits were examined by correlation and network modeling. The plasma metabolites associated with atherosclerosis in mice, namely, LDL/VLDL-cholesterol, TMAO, arginine, glucose and insulin, overlapped with those observed in humans and accounted for approximately 30 to 40% of the observed variation in atherosclerotic lesion area. In summary, our data provide a detailed overview of the genetic architecture of atherosclerosis in mice and a rich resource for studies of the complex genetic and metabolic interactions that underlie the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Bennett
- Departments of Medicine, Human Genetics, and Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Richard C. Davis
- Departments of Medicine, Human Genetics, and Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Mete Civelek
- Departments of Medicine, Human Genetics, and Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Luz Orozco
- Departments of Medicine, Human Genetics, and Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Judy Wu
- Departments of Medicine, Human Genetics, and Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Hannah Qi
- Departments of Medicine, Human Genetics, and Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Calvin Pan
- Departments of Medicine, Human Genetics, and Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - René R. Sevag Packard
- Departments of Medicine, Human Genetics, and Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Eleazar Eskin
- Department of Computer Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Mujing Yan
- Department of Cardiovascular Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Todd Kirchgessner
- Department of Cardiovascular Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Zeneng Wang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine (NC10), Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Xinmin Li
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine (NC10), Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jill C. Gregory
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine (NC10), Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Stanley L. Hazen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine (NC10), Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Peter S. Gargalovic
- Department of Cardiovascular Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Aldons J. Lusis
- Departments of Medicine, Human Genetics, and Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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