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Khamessi O, Ben Mabrouk H, Hkimi C, Rtima R, Kamoun S, Kharrat R, Ghedira K. DisintegrinDB: The first integrated database resource of disintegrins from snake venoms. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 597:77-82. [PMID: 35124463 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.01.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, a large number of databases have been developed gathering different types of therapeutic peptides including antimicrobial, antiviral and scorpion toxins peptides facilitating the searching for these molecules and their structural characteristics and pharmacology. Disintegrins, a family of small non-enzymatic and cysteine-rich proteins found in the snake venom may have a potential role in terms of novel therapeutic leads for cancer treatment. Despite their therapeutic effect, no database dedicated to disintegrins is available yet. Indeed, accessible information related to disintegrins are either scattered or fragmented in different databases from which it becomes extremely difficult to collect all the properties related to a particular disintegrin without exploring numerous databases available through distinct websites. Here, we propose DisintegrinDB as a first unique resource centralizing data related to disintegrins from snake venom. DisintegrinDB aims to facilitate the search on a given disintegrin and centralizes all the information on these peptides, helping researchers to retrieve all relevant related information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oussema Khamessi
- Laboratoire des Venins et Molécules Thérapeutiques LR11IPT08, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13 Place Pasteur BP74, Tunis Belvédère, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia.
| | - Hazem Ben Mabrouk
- Laboratoire des Venins et Molécules Thérapeutiques LR11IPT08, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13 Place Pasteur BP74, Tunis Belvédère, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia
| | - Chaima Hkimi
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Biomathematics and Biostatistics LR20IPT09, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, 1002, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rawa Rtima
- Laboratoire des Venins et Molécules Thérapeutiques LR11IPT08, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13 Place Pasteur BP74, Tunis Belvédère, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia
| | - Selim Kamoun
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Biomathematics and Biostatistics LR20IPT09, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, 1002, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Riadh Kharrat
- Laboratoire des Venins et Molécules Thérapeutiques LR11IPT08, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13 Place Pasteur BP74, Tunis Belvédère, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia
| | - Kais Ghedira
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Biomathematics and Biostatistics LR20IPT09, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, 1002, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
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Cañas CA, Castaño-Valencia S, Castro-Herrera F, Cañas F, Tobón GJ. Biomedical applications of snake venom: from basic science to autoimmunity and rheumatology. J Transl Autoimmun 2020; 4:100076. [PMID: 33385156 PMCID: PMC7772571 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2020.100076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Snake venoms have components with diverse biological actions that are extensively studied to identify elements that may be useful in biomedical sciences. In the field of autoimmunity and rheumatology, various findings useful for the study of diseases and potential drug development have been reported. The study of disintegrins, proteins that block the action of integrins, has been useful for the development of antiplatelet agents and principles for the development of immunosuppressants and antineoplastics. Several proteins in snake venoms act on the coagulation cascade, activating factors that have allowed the development of tests for the study of coagulation, including Russell's viper venom time, which is useful in the diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome. Neurotoxins with either pre- or postsynaptic effects have been used to study neurogenic synapses and neuromuscular plaques and the development of analgesics, muscle relaxants and drugs for neurodegenerative diseases. Various components act by inhibiting cells and proteins of the immune system, which will allow the development of anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs. This review summarizes the usefulness of the components of snake venoms in the fields of autoimmunity and rheumatology, which can serve as a basis for diverse translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Cañas
- GIRAT: Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología, Autoimunidad y Medicina Traslacional, Fundación Valle Del Lili and Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia.,Fundación Valle Del Lili, Rheumatology Unit, Cra 98 No. 18 - 49, Cali, 760032, Colombia
| | - Santiago Castaño-Valencia
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Department of Health Sciences, Universidad Del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Fernando Castro-Herrera
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Department of Health Sciences, Universidad Del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Felipe Cañas
- Department of Cardiology, Clínica Medellín, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gabriel J Tobón
- GIRAT: Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología, Autoimunidad y Medicina Traslacional, Fundación Valle Del Lili and Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia.,Fundación Valle Del Lili, Rheumatology Unit, Cra 98 No. 18 - 49, Cali, 760032, Colombia
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Altei WF, Pachane BC, dos Santos PK, Ribeiro LNM, Sung BH, Weaver AM, Selistre-de-Araújo HS. Inhibition of αvβ3 integrin impairs adhesion and uptake of tumor-derived small extracellular vesicles. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:158. [PMID: 32988382 PMCID: PMC7520983 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00630-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid-bound particles that are naturally released from cells and mediate cell-cell communication. Integrin adhesion receptors are enriched in small EVs (SEVs) and SEV-carried integrins have been shown to promote cancer cell migration and to mediate organ-specific metastasis; however, how integrins mediate these effects is not entirely clear and could represent a combination of EV binding to extracellular matrix and cells. METHODS To probe integrin role in EVs binding and uptake, we employed a disintegrin inhibitor (DisBa-01) of integrin binding with specificity for αvβ3 integrin. EVs were purified from MDA-MB-231 cells conditioned media by serial centrifugation method. Isolated EVs were characterized by different techniques and further employed in adhesion, uptake and co-culture experiments. RESULTS We find that SEVs secreted from MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells carry αvβ3 integrin and bind directly to fibronectin-coated plates, which is inhibited by DisBa-01. SEV coating on tissue culture plates also induces adhesion of MDA-MB-231 cells, which is inhibited by DisBa-01 treatment. Analysis of EV uptake and interchange between cells reveals that the amount of CD63-positive EVs delivered from malignant MDA-MB-231 breast cells to non-malignant MCF10A breast epithelial cells is reduced by DisBa-01 treatment. Inhibition of αvβ3 integrin decreases CD63 expression in cancer cells suggesting an effect on SEV content. CONCLUSION In summary, our findings demonstrate for the first time a key role of αvβ3 integrin in cell-cell communication through SEVs. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanessa F. Altei
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Bianca C. Pachane
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Patty K. dos Santos
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Lígia N. M. Ribeiro
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Bong Hwan Sung
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - Alissa M. Weaver
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - Heloisa S. Selistre-de-Araújo
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
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Lino RLB, Dos Santos PK, Pisani GFD, Altei WF, Cominetti MR, Selistre-de-Araújo HS. Alphavbeta3 integrin blocking inhibits apoptosis and induces autophagy in murine breast tumor cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:118536. [PMID: 31465809 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.118536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Integrins are cell receptors that mediate adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM) and regulate cell migration, a crucial process in tumor invasion. The αvβ3 integrin recognizes the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) motif in ECM proteins and it can be antagonized by RGD-peptides, resulting in decreased cell migration and invasion. RGD-based drugs have shown disappointing results in clinical trials; however, the reasons for their lack of activity are still obscure. Aiming to contribute to a better understanding of the molecular consequences of integrin inhibition, we tested a recombinant RGD-disintegrin (DisBa-01) in two types of murine cell lines, breast tumor 4T1BM2 cells and L929 fibroblasts. Only tumor cells showed decreased motility and adhesion, as well as morphologic alterations upon DisBa-01 treatment (100 and 1000 nM). This result was attributed to the higher levels of αvβ3 integrin in 4T1BM2 cells compared to L929 fibroblasts making the former more sensitive to DisBa-01 blocking. DisBa-01 induced cell cycle arrest at the S phase in 4T1BM2 cells, but it did not induce apoptosis, which was consistent with the decrease in caspase-3, 8 and 9 expression at mRNA and protein levels. DisBa-01 increases PI3K, Beclin-1 and LC3B expression in tumor cells, indicators of autophagic induction. In conclusion, αvβ3 integrin blocking by DisBa-01 results in inhibition of adhesion and migration and in the activation of an autophagy program, allowing prolonged survival and avoiding immediate apoptotic death. These observations suggest new insights into the effects of RGD-based inhibitors considering their importance in drug development for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Luis Bressani Lino
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological and Health Science, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235-SP-310, São Carlos CEP 13.565-905, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patty Karina Dos Santos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological and Health Science, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235-SP-310, São Carlos CEP 13.565-905, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Graziéle Fernanda Deriggi Pisani
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological and Health Science, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235-SP-310, São Carlos CEP 13.565-905, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wanessa Fernanda Altei
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological and Health Science, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235-SP-310, São Carlos CEP 13.565-905, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcia Regina Cominetti
- Department of Gerontology, Center of Biological and Health Science, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235-SP-310, São Carlos CEP 13.565-905, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Heloisa Sobreiro Selistre-de-Araújo
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological and Health Science, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235-SP-310, São Carlos CEP 13.565-905, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Cesar PHS, Braga MA, Trento MVC, Menaldo DL, Marcussi S. Snake Venom Disintegrins: An Overview of their Interaction with Integrins. Curr Drug Targets 2019; 20:465-477. [DOI: 10.2174/1389450119666181022154737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Disintegrins are non-enzymatic proteins that interfere on cell–cell interactions and signal transduction, contributing to the toxicity of snake venoms and play an essential role in envenomations. Most of their pharmacological and toxic effects are the result of the interaction of these molecules with cell surface ligands, which has been widely described and studied. These proteins may act on platelets, leading to hemorrhage, and may also induce apoptosis and cytotoxicity, which highlights a high pharmacological potential for the development of thrombolytic and antitumor agents. Additionally, these molecules interfere with the functions of integrins by altering various cellular processes such as migration, adhesion and proliferation. This review gathers information on functional characteristics of disintegrins isolated from snake venoms, emphasizing a comprehensive view of the possibility of direct use of these molecules in the development of new drugs, or even indirectly as structural models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Henrique Souza Cesar
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Mariana Aparecida Braga
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinicius Cardoso Trento
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Danilo Luccas Menaldo
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo (FCFRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Silvana Marcussi
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-000, Brazil
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McBride TD, Andrew U, Ly N, Soto JG. RNA sequence analyses of r-Moj-DM treated cells: TXNIP is required to induce apoptosis of SK-Mel-28. Toxicon 2016; 121:1-9. [PMID: 27567705 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2016.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
RNA sequencing of untreated and r-Moj-DM treated SK-Mel-28 cells was performed after 6 h, to begin unraveling the apoptotic pathway induced by r-Moj-DM. Bioinformatic analyses of RNA sequencing data yielded 40 genes that were differentially expressed. Nine genes were upregulated and 31 were downregulated. qRT-PCR was used to validate differential expression of 13 genes with known survival or apoptotic-inducing activities. Expression of BNiP3, IGFBP3, PTPSF, Prune 2, TGF-ß, and TXNIP were compared from cells treated with r-Moj-DN (a strong apoptotic inducer) or r-Moj-DA (a non-apoptotic inducer) for 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, and 6 h after treatment. Our results demonstrate that significant differences in expression are only detected after 4 h of treatment. In addition, expression of TXNIP (an apoptotic inducer) remains elevated at 4 h and 6 h only in r-Moj-DN treated cells. Based on the consistency of elevated TXNIP expression, we further studied TXNIP as a novel target of disintegrin activation. Confocal microscopy of anti-TXNIP stained SK-Mel-28 cells suggests nuclear localization of TXNIP after r-Moj-DM treatment. A stable TXNIP knockdown SK-Mel-28 cell line was produced to test TXNIP' role in the apoptotic induction by r-Moj-DM. High cell viability (74.3% ±9.1) was obtained after r-Moj-DM treatment of TXNIP knocked down SK-Mel-28 cells, compared to 34% ±0.187 for untransduced cells. These results suggest that TXNIP is required early in the apoptotic-inducing pathway resulting from r-Moj-DM binding to the αv integrin subunit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terri D McBride
- Biological Sciences Department, San José State University, One Washington Square, San José, CA 95192-0100, USA
| | - U Andrew
- Biological Sciences Department, San José State University, One Washington Square, San José, CA 95192-0100, USA
| | - Nicko Ly
- Biological Sciences Department, San José State University, One Washington Square, San José, CA 95192-0100, USA
| | - Julio G Soto
- Biological Sciences Department, San José State University, One Washington Square, San José, CA 95192-0100, USA.
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Lee JY, Chen JY, Shaw JL, Chang KT. Maintenance of Stem Cell Niche Integrity by a Novel Activator of Integrin Signaling. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006043. [PMID: 27191715 PMCID: PMC4871447 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells depend critically on the surrounding microenvironment, or niche, for their maintenance and self-renewal. While much is known about how the niche regulates stem cell self-renewal and differentiation, mechanisms for how the niche is maintained over time are not well understood. At the apical tip of the Drosophila testes, germline stem cells (GSCs) and somatic stem cells share a common niche formed by hub cells. Here we demonstrate that a novel protein named Shriveled (Shv) is necessary for the maintenance of hub/niche integrity. Depletion of Shv protein results in age-dependent deterioration of the hub structure and loss of GSCs, whereas upregulation of Shv preserves the niche during aging. We find Shv is a secreted protein that modulates DE-cadherin levels through extracellular activation of integrin signaling. Our work identifies Shv as a novel activator of integrin signaling and suggests a new integration model in which crosstalk between integrin and DE-cadherin in niche cells promote their own preservation by maintaining the niche architecture. Stem cells are vital for development and for regeneration and repair of tissues in an organism. The ability of adult stem cells to maintain their “stemness” depends critically on the localized microenvironment, or niche. While much is known about how the niche regulates stem cell self-renewal and differentiation, mechanisms for how the niche is maintained during aging are not well understood. Using Drosophila testis as a model system, here we demonstrate that a protein we named Shriveled is a secreted protein that activates integrin signaling to preserve niche architecture. We also show that Shriveled-dependent activation of integrin maintains normal E-cadherin levels in the niche cells, providing a mechanism for niche maintenance. Interestingly, upregulation of Shriveled retards the loss of niche and stem cells seen during normal aging. Together, our work identifies Shriveled as a novel molecule required for preservation of the niche structure in the Drosophila testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Yeun Lee
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jessica Y. Chen
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jillian L. Shaw
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Karen T. Chang
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Cell and Neurobiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Hung YC, Hsu CC, Chung CH, Huang TF. The disintegrin, trimucrin, suppresses LPS-induced activation of phagocytes primarily through blockade of NF-κB and MAPK activation. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2016; 389:723-37. [PMID: 27030393 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-016-1233-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In addition to antiplatelet activity, disintegrin, a small-mass RGD-containing polypeptide, has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory effects but the mechanism involved remains unclear. In this study, we report that trimucrin, a disintegrin from the venom of Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus, inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced stimulation of THP-1 and RAW 264.7 cells. We also investigate the underlying mechanism. Trimucrin decreased the release of proinflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), interleukin-6 (IL-6), nitric oxide, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inhibited the adhesion and migration of LPS-activated phagocytes. Trimucrin significantly blocked the expression of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB)-related downstream inducible enzymes such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and COX-2. In addition, its anti-inflammatory effect was associated with the decreased mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation. Furthermore, trimucrin concentration dependently inhibited LPS-induced phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), PI3K, and Akt. Trimucrin also reversed the DNA-binding activity of NF-κB by suppressing the LPS-induced nuclear translocation of p65 and the cytosolic IκB release. Flow cytometric analyses showed that trimucrin bound to cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The anti-αVβ3 mAb also specifically decreased the binding of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated trimucrin. Binding assays demonstrated that integrin αVβ3 was the binding site for trimucrin on THP-1 and RAW 264.7 cells. In conclusion, we showed that trimucrin decreases the inflammatory reaction through the attenuation of iNOS expression and nitric oxide (NO) production by blocking MAP kinase and the NF-κB activation in LPS-stimulated THP-1 and RAW 264.7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chun Hung
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No1, Sec1, Jen-Ai Rd, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chieh Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No1, Sec1, Jen-Ai Rd, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hu Chung
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tur-Fu Huang
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No1, Sec1, Jen-Ai Rd, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Purification and characterization of BmooAi: a new toxin from Bothrops moojeni snake venom that inhibits platelet aggregation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:920942. [PMID: 24971359 PMCID: PMC4058135 DOI: 10.1155/2014/920942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we describe the purification/characterization of BmooAi, a new toxin from Bothrops moojeni that inhibits platelet aggregation. The purification of BmooAi was carried out through three chromatographic steps (ion-exchange on a DEAE-Sephacel column, molecular exclusion on a Sephadex G-75 column, and reverse-phase HPLC chromatography on a C2/C18 column). BmooAi was homogeneous by SDS-PAGE and shown to be a single-chain protein of 15,000 Da. BmooAi was analysed by MALDI-TOF Spectrometry and revealed two major components with molecular masses 7824.4 and 7409.2 as well as a trace of protein with a molecular mass of 15,237.4 Da. Sequencing of BmooAi by Edman degradation showed two amino acid sequences: IRDFDPLTNAPENTA and ETEEGAEEGTQ, which revealed no homology to any known toxin from snake venom. BmooAi showed a rather specific inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation induced by collagen, adenosine diphosphate, or epinephrine in human platelet-rich plasma in a dose-dependent manner, whereas it had little or no effect on platelet aggregation induced by ristocetin. The effect on platelet aggregation induced by BmooAi remained active even when heated to 100°C. BmooAi could be of medical interest as a new tool for the development of novel therapeutic agents for the prevention and treatment of thrombotic disorders.
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10
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Incerpi S, Hsieh MT, Lin HY, Cheng GY, De Vito P, Fiore AM, Ahmed RG, Salvia R, Candelotti E, Leone S, Luly P, Pedersen JZ, Davis FB, Davis PJ. Thyroid hormone inhibition in L6 myoblasts of IGF-I-mediated glucose uptake and proliferation: new roles for integrin αvβ3. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2014; 307:C150-61. [PMID: 24808494 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00308.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones L-thyroxine (T4) and 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) have been shown to initiate short- and long-term effects via a plasma membrane receptor site located on integrin αvβ3. Also insulin-like growth factor type I (IGF-I) activity is known to be subject to regulation by this integrin. To investigate the possible cross-talk between T4 and IGF-I in rat L6 myoblasts, we have examined integrin αvβ3-mediated modulatory actions of T4 on glucose uptake, measured through carrier-mediated 2-deoxy-[3H]-D-glucose uptake, and on cell proliferation stimulated by IGF-I, assessed by cell counting, [3H]-thymidine incorporation, and fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. IGF-I stimulated glucose transport and cell proliferation via the cell surface IGF-I receptor (IGFIR) and, downstream of the receptor, by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signal transduction pathway. Addition of 0.1 nM free T4 caused little or no cell proliferation but prevented both glucose uptake and proliferative actions of IGF-I. These actions of T4 were mediated by an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-sensitive pathway, suggesting the existence of crosstalk between IGFIR and the T4 receptor located near the RGD recognition site on the integrin. An RGD-sequence-containing integrin inhibitor, a monoclonal antibody to αvβ3, and the T4 metabolite tetraiodothyroacetic acid all blocked the inhibition by T4 of IGF-I-stimulated glucose uptake and cell proliferation. Western blotting confirmed roles for activated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and extracellular regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) in the effects of IGF-I and also showed a role for ERK1/2 in the actions of T4 that modified the effects of IGF-I. We conclude that thyroid hormone inhibits IGF-I-stimulated glucose uptake and cell proliferation in L6 myoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Incerpi
- Department of Sciences, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy;
| | - Meng-Ti Hsieh
- Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yun Lin
- Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guei-Yun Cheng
- Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Paolo De Vito
- Department of Biology, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - R G Ahmed
- Department of Zoology, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Rosanna Salvia
- Department of Sciences, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Leone
- Department of Sciences, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Luly
- Department of Biology, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Faith B Davis
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, New York
| | - Paul J Davis
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, New York; Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
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11
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Robinson CM, Zhou X, Rajaiya J, Yousuf MA, Singh G, DeSerres JJ, Walsh MP, Wong S, Seto D, Dyer DW, Chodosh J, Jones MS. Predicting the next eye pathogen: analysis of a novel adenovirus. mBio 2013; 4:e00595-12. [PMID: 23572555 PMCID: PMC3622935 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00595-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED For DNA viruses, genetic recombination, addition, and deletion represent important evolutionary mechanisms. Since these genetic alterations can lead to new, possibly severe pathogens, we applied a systems biology approach to study the pathogenicity of a novel human adenovirus with a naturally occurring deletion of the canonical penton base Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) loop, thought to be critical to cellular entry by adenoviruses. Bioinformatic analysis revealed a new highly recombinant species D human adenovirus (HAdV-D60). A synthesis of in silico and laboratory approaches revealed a potential ocular tropism for the new virus. In vivo, inflammation induced by the virus was dramatically greater than that by adenovirus type 37, a major eye pathogen, possibly due to a novel alternate ligand, Tyr-Gly-Asp (YGD), on the penton base protein. The combination of bioinformatics and laboratory simulation may have important applications in the prediction of tissue tropism for newly discovered and emerging viruses. IMPORTANCE The ongoing dance between a virus and its host distinctly shapes how the virus evolves. While human adenoviruses typically cause mild infections, recent reports have described newly characterized adenoviruses that cause severe, sometimes fatal human infections. Here, we report a systems biology approach to show how evolution has affected the disease potential of a recently identified novel human adenovirus. A comprehensive understanding of viral evolution and pathogenicity is essential to our capacity to foretell the potential impact on human disease for new and emerging viruses.
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MESH Headings
- Adenoviridae Infections/virology
- Adenoviruses, Human/genetics
- Adenoviruses, Human/isolation & purification
- Adenoviruses, Human/pathogenicity
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Cell Line
- DNA, Viral/chemistry
- DNA, Viral/genetics
- Disease Models, Animal
- Eye Diseases/virology
- Female
- Humans
- Infant, Newborn
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Protein Conformation
- Sequence Alignment
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Sequence Deletion
- Systems Biology
- Viral Proteins/chemistry
- Viral Proteins/genetics
- Viral Tropism
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M. Robinson
- Department of Ophthalmology, Howe Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xiaohong Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Howe Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jaya Rajaiya
- Department of Ophthalmology, Howe Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mohammad A. Yousuf
- Department of Ophthalmology, Howe Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gurdeep Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Howe Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Michael P. Walsh
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, USA
| | - Sallene Wong
- Provincial Laboratory for Public Health, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Donald Seto
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, USA
| | - David W. Dyer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - James Chodosh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Howe Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Morris S. Jones
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, USA
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12
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Antitumoral potential of Tunisian snake venoms secreted phospholipases A2. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:391389. [PMID: 23509718 PMCID: PMC3581298 DOI: 10.1155/2013/391389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipases type A2 (PLA2s) are the most abundant proteins found in Viperidae snake venom. They are quite fascinating from both a biological and structural point of view. Despite similarity in their structures and common catalytic properties, they exhibit a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities. Besides being hydrolases, secreted phospholipases A2 (sPLA2) are an important group of toxins, whose action at the molecular level is still a matter of debate. These proteins can display toxic effects by different mechanisms. In addition to neurotoxicity, myotoxicity, hemolytic activity, antibacterial, anticoagulant, and antiplatelet effects, some venom PLA2s show antitumor and antiangiogenic activities by mechanisms independent of their enzymatic activity. This paper aims to discuss original finding against anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic activities of sPLA2 isolated from Tunisian vipers: Cerastes cerastes and Macrovipera lebetina, representing new tools to target specific integrins, mainly, α5β1 and αv integrins.
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13
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De Vito P, Balducci V, Leone S, Percario Z, Mangino G, Davis PJ, Davis FB, Affabris E, Luly P, Pedersen JZ, Incerpi S. Nongenomic effects of thyroid hormones on the immune system cells: New targets, old players. Steroids 2012; 77:988-95. [PMID: 22414628 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2012.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2011] [Revised: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
It is now widely accepted that thyroid hormones, l-thyroxine (T(4)) and 3,3',5-triiodo-l-thyronine (T(3)), act as modulators of the immune response. Immune functions such as chemotaxis, phagocytosis, generation of reactive oxygen species, and cytokine synthesis and release, are altered in hypo- and hyper-thyroid conditions, even though for many immune cells no clear correlation has been found between altered levels of T(3) or T(4) and effects on the immune responses. Integrins are extracellular matrix proteins that are important modulators of many cellular responses, and the integrin αvβ3 has been identified as a cell surface receptor for thyroid hormones. Rapid signaling via this plasma membrane binding site appears to be responsible for many nongenomic effects of thyroid hormones, independent of the classic nuclear receptors. Through the integrin αvβ3 receptor the hormone can activate both the ERK1/2 and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathways, with downstream effects including intracellular protein trafficking, angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. It has recently become clear that an important downstream target of the thyroid hormone nongenomic pathway may be the mammalian target of rapamycin, mTOR. New results demonstrate the capability of T(3) or T(4) to induce in the short time range important responses related to the immune function, such as reactive oxygen species production and cell migration in THP-1 monocytes. Thus thyroid hormones seem to be able to modulate the immune system by a combination of rapid nongenomic responses interacting with the classical nuclear response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo De Vito
- Dept. of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
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14
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Assumpcao TCF, Ribeiro JMC, Francischetti IMB. Disintegrins from hematophagous sources. Toxins (Basel) 2012; 4:296-322. [PMID: 22778902 PMCID: PMC3386632 DOI: 10.3390/toxins4050296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2012] [Revised: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bloodsucking arthropods are a rich source of salivary molecules (sialogenins) which inhibit platelet aggregation, neutrophil function and angiogenesis. Here we review the literature on salivary disintegrins and their targets. Disintegrins were first discovered in snake venoms, and were instrumental in our understanding of integrin function and also for the development of anti-thrombotic drugs. In hematophagous animals, most disintegrins described so far have been discovered in the salivary gland of ticks and leeches. A limited number have also been found in hookworms and horseflies, and none identified in mosquitoes or sand flies. The vast majority of salivary disintegrins reported display a RGD motif and were described as platelet aggregation inhibitors, and few others as negative modulator of neutrophil or endothelial cell functions. This notably low number of reported disintegrins is certainly an underestimation of the actual complexity of this family of proteins in hematophagous secretions. Therefore an algorithm was created in order to identify the tripeptide motifs RGD, KGD, VGD, MLD, KTS, RTS, WGD, or RED (flanked by cysteines) in sialogenins deposited in GenBank database. The search included sequences from various blood-sucking animals such as ticks (e.g., Ixodes sp., Argas sp., Rhipicephalus sp., Amblyommasp.), tabanids (e.g., Tabanus sp.), bugs (e.g., Triatoma sp., Rhodnius prolixus), mosquitoes (e.g., Anopheles sp., Aedes sp., Culex sp.), sand flies (e.g., Lutzomyia sp., Phlebotomus sp.), leeches (e.g., Macrobdella sp., Placobdella sp.) and worms (e.g., Ancylostoma sp.). This approach allowed the identification of a remarkably high number of novel putative sialogenins with tripeptide motifs typical of disintegrins (>450 sequences) whose biological activity remains to be verified. This database is accessible online as a hyperlinked worksheet and displays biochemical, taxonomic, and gene ontology aspects for each putative disintegrin. It is also freely available for download (right click with the mouse) at links http://exon.niaid.nih.gov/transcriptome/RGD/RGD-Peps-WEB.xlsx (web version) and http://exon.niaid.nih.gov/transcriptome/RGD/RGD-sialogenins.zip (stand alone version).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José M. C. Ribeiro
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; (T.C.F.A.); (J.M.C.R.); (I.M.B.F.)
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15
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Hsu CC, Chuang WJ, Chang CH, Tseng YL, Peng HC, Huang TF. Improvements in endotoxemic syndromes using a disintegrin, rhodostomin, through integrin αvβ3-dependent pathway. J Thromb Haemost 2011; 9:593-602. [PMID: 21143376 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2010.04163.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Septic shock is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in intensive care units, but there is still no effective therapy for the patients. We evaluated the effects of rhodostomin (Rn), an Arg-Gly-Asp-containing snake venom disintegrin, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated phagocytes in vitro and LPS-induced endotoxemia in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS Rn inhibited adhesion, migration, cytokine production and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation of macrophage induced by LPS. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that Rn specifically blocked anti-αv mAb binding to RAW264.7. Besides inhibiting MAPK activation of THP-1, Rn bound to LPS-activated THP-1 and specifically blocked anti-αvβ3 mAb binding to THP-1. Binding assays proved that integrin αvβ3 was the binding site for rhodostomin on phagocytes. Rn reversed the enhancement of fibronectin and vitronectin on LPS-induced monocyte adhesion and cytokine release. Transfection of integrin αv siRNA also inhibited LPS-induced activation of monocyte, and Rn exerted no further inhibitory effect. Furthermore, Rn significantly decreased the production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-a), interleukin (IL)-6, -1β and -10 and attenuated cardiovascular dysfunction, including blood pressure and heart pulse, and thrombocytopenia in LPS-induced endotoxemic mice. Rn also protected against tissue inflammation as evidenced by histological examination. CONCLUSIONS Rn may interact with αvβ3 integrin of monocytes/macrophages leading to interfere with the activation of phagocytes triggered by LPS. These results suggest that the protective function of Rn in LPS-induced endotoxemia may be attributed to its anti-inflammation activities in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-C Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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16
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Selistre-de-Araujo HS, Pontes CLS, Montenegro CF, Martin ACBM. Snake venom disintegrins and cell migration. Toxins (Basel) 2010; 2:2606-21. [PMID: 22069567 PMCID: PMC3153172 DOI: 10.3390/toxins2112606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2010] [Revised: 10/15/2010] [Accepted: 10/18/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell migration is a key process for the defense of pluricellular organisms against pathogens, and it involves a set of surface receptors acting in an ordered fashion to contribute directionality to the movement. Among these receptors are the integrins, which connect the cell cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix components, thus playing a central role in cell migration. Integrin clustering at focal adhesions drives actin polymerization along the cell leading edge, resulting in polarity of cell movement. Therefore, small integrin-binding proteins such as the snake venom disintegrins that inhibit integrin-mediated cell adhesion are expected to inhibit cell migration. Here we review the current knowledge on disintegrin and disintegrin-like protein effects on cell migration and their potential use as pharmacological tools in anti-inflammatory therapy as well as in inhibition of metastatic invasion.
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17
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Seoane AI, Tran VL, Sanchez EE, White SA, Choi JL, Gaytán B, Chavez N, Reyes SR, Ramos CJ, Tran LH, Lucena SE, Sugarek M, Perez JC, Mandal SA, Ghorab S, Rodriguez-Acosta A, Fung BK, Soto JG. The mojastin mutant Moj-DM induces apoptosis of the human melanoma SK-Mel-28, but not the mutant Moj-NN nor the non-mutated recombinant Moj-WN. Toxicon 2010; 56:391-401. [PMID: 20398687 PMCID: PMC2930814 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2010.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2009] [Revised: 04/01/2010] [Accepted: 04/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, three recombinant mojastin peptides (Moj-WN, Moj-NN, and Moj-DM) were produced and compared functionally. Recombinant Moj peptides were purified as GST-fusions. GST-Moj-WN and GST-Moj-NN inhibited ADP-induced platelet aggregation in platelet rich plasma. The GST-Moj-WN had an IC(50) of 160nM, while the GST-Moj-NN had an IC(50) of 493nM. The GST-Moj-DM did not inhibit platelet aggregation. All three GST-Moj peptides inhibited SK-Mel-28 cell adhesion to fibronectin. The GST-Moj-WN inhibited the binding of SK-Mel-28 cells to fibronectin with an IC(50) of 11nM, followed by the GST-Moj-NN (IC(50) of 28nM), and the GST-Moj-DM (IC(50) of 46nM). The GST-Moj peptides' ability to induce apoptosis on SK-Mel-28 cells was determined using Annexin-V-FITC and nuclear fragmentation assays. Cells were incubated with 5muM GST-Moj peptides for 24h. At 5microM GST-Moj-DM peptide, 13.56%+/-2.08 of treated SK-Mel-28 cells were in early apoptosis. The GST-Moj-DM peptide also caused nuclear fragmentation as determined by fluorescent microscopy and Hoechst staining. The GST-Moj-WN and GST-Moj-NN peptides failed to induce apoptosis. We characterized the SK-Mel-28 integrin expression, as the first step in determining r-Moj binding specificity. Our results indicate that SK-Mel-28 cells express alphavbeta3, alphav, alpha6, beta1, and beta3 integrin receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustin I. Seoane
- Biological Sciences Department, San José State University, One Washington Square, San José, CA 95192-0100
| | - Victoria L. Tran
- Biological Sciences Department, San José State University, One Washington Square, San José, CA 95192-0100
| | - Elda E. Sanchez
- Natural Toxins Research Center, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX 78363
| | - Stephanie A. White
- Biological Sciences Department, San José State University, One Washington Square, San José, CA 95192-0100
| | - Jason L. Choi
- Biological Sciences Department, San José State University, One Washington Square, San José, CA 95192-0100
| | - Brandon Gaytán
- Biological Sciences Department, San José State University, One Washington Square, San José, CA 95192-0100
| | - Natalie Chavez
- Biological Sciences Department, San José State University, One Washington Square, San José, CA 95192-0100
| | - Steven R. Reyes
- Biological Sciences Department, San José State University, One Washington Square, San José, CA 95192-0100
- Natural Toxins Research Center, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX 78363
| | - Carla J. Ramos
- Biological Sciences Department, San José State University, One Washington Square, San José, CA 95192-0100
| | - Luan H. Tran
- Biological Sciences Department, San José State University, One Washington Square, San José, CA 95192-0100
| | - Sara E. Lucena
- Natural Toxins Research Center, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX 78363
| | - Maria Sugarek
- Natural Toxins Research Center, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX 78363
| | - John C. Perez
- Natural Toxins Research Center, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX 78363
| | - Stephanie A. Mandal
- Biological Sciences Department, San José State University, One Washington Square, San José, CA 95192-0100
| | - Shervin Ghorab
- Biological Sciences Department, San José State University, One Washington Square, San José, CA 95192-0100
| | - Alexis Rodriguez-Acosta
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Apartado 47423, Caracas 1041, Venezuela
| | - Branden K. Fung
- Biological Sciences Department, San José State University, One Washington Square, San José, CA 95192-0100
| | - Julio G. Soto
- Biological Sciences Department, San José State University, One Washington Square, San José, CA 95192-0100
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18
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Le MHA, Suri SS, Rakotondradany F, Fenniri H, Singh B. Rosette nanotubes inhibit bovine neutrophil chemotaxis. Vet Res 2010; 41:75. [PMID: 20663476 PMCID: PMC2939700 DOI: 10.1051/vetres/2010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2009] [Accepted: 07/27/2010] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Migration of activated neutrophils that have prolonged lifespan into inflamed organs is an important component of host defense but also contributes to tissue damage and mortality. In this report, we used biologically-inspired RGD-tagged rosette nanotubes (RNT) to inhibit neutrophil chemotaxis. We hypothesize that RGD-RNT will block neutrophil migration through inhibition of MAPK. In this report, RNT conjugated to lysine (K–RNT) and arginine-glycine-aspartic acid-serine-lysine (RGDSK-RNT) were co-assembled in a molar ratio of 95/5. The effect of the resulting composite RNT (RGDSK/K–RNT) on neutrophil chemotaxis, cell signaling and apoptosis was then investigated. Exposure to RGDSK/K–RNT reduced bovine neutrophil migration when compared to the non-treated group (p < 0.001). Similar effect was seen following treatment with ERK1/2 or p38 MAPK inhibitors. Phosphorylation of the ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK was inhibited at 5 min by RGDSK/K–RNT (p < 0.05). The RGDSD/K-RNT did not affect the migration of neutrophils pre-treated with αvβ3 integrin antibody suggesting that both bind to the same receptor. RGDSK/K–RNT did not induce apoptosis in bovine neutrophils, which was suppressed by pre-exposing them to LPS (p < 0.001). We conclude that RGDSK/K–RNT inhibit phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK and inhibit chemotaxis of bovine neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Hong Anh Le
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
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19
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Oliva IB, Coelho RM, Barcellos GG, Saldanha-Gama R, Wermelinger LS, Marcinkiewicz C, Benedeta Zingali R, Barja-Fidalgo C. Effect of RGD-disintegrins on melanoma cell growth and metastasis: involvement of the actin cytoskeleton, FAK and c-Fos. Toxicon 2007; 50:1053-63. [PMID: 17854854 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2007.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2007] [Revised: 07/18/2007] [Accepted: 07/19/2007] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The effects and molecular mechanisms of RGD-disintegrins isolated from snake venoms on the growth and metastatic potential of B16F10-melanoma cells were investigated. Jarastatin (JT) from Bothrops jararaca is a ligand of alpha(5)beta(1), alpha(v)beta(3) and alpha(m)beta(2) integrins, flavoridin (FL) from Trimeresurus flavoridis binds preferentially to alpha(5)beta(1) and kistrin (KR) from Calloselasma rhodostoma is a selective ligand of alpha(v)beta(3). When injected simultaneously with melanoma cells in mice, the three disintegrins significantly reduced tumor lung colonization. On the other hand, JT and FL, but not KR, inhibited B16F10 cell growth in vitro. Interaction of JT or FL with melanoma cells induced actin cytoskeleton rearrangement, increasing actin polymerization and FAK phosphorylation. The effect of FL correlates with the decrease in the constitutively high nuclear content of c-Fos, whereas JT interfered with NF-kappaB translocation in melanoma cells. None of the disintegrins produced alterations in the nuclear Erk-2. The results provide further evidence to suggest RGD-disintegrins as potent anti-metastatic agents in vivo, and indicate that their interaction with alpha(5)beta(1) integrin interfere with integrin-couple signaling, down-regulating transcription factors and negatively modulating cell proliferation. These effects may contribute to inhibition of melanoma cell invasion in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Batista Oliva
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Av. 28 de setembro 87, 5th Floor, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, RJ, Brazil
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20
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Hariharan S, Gustafson D, Holden S, McConkey D, Davis D, Morrow M, Basche M, Gore L, Zang C, O'Bryant CL, Baron A, Gallemann D, Colevas D, Eckhardt SG. Assessment of the biological and pharmacological effects of the ανβ3 and ανβ5 integrin receptor antagonist, cilengitide (EMD 121974), in patients with advanced solid tumors. Ann Oncol 2007; 18:1400-7. [PMID: 17693653 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdm140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cilengitide, an antiangiogenic agent that inhibits the binding of integrins alpha(nu)beta(3) and alpha(nu)beta(5) to the extracellular matrix, was studied at two dose levels in cancer patients to determine the optimal biological dose. PATIENTS AND METHODS The doses of cilengitide were 600 or 1200 mg/m(2) as a 1-h infusion twice weekly every 28 days. A novel dose escalation scheme was utilized that relied upon the biological activity rate. RESULTS Twenty patients received 50 courses of cilengitide with no dose-limiting toxic effects. The pharmacokinetic (PK) profile revealed a short elimination half-life of 4 h, supporting twice weekly dosing. Of the six soluble angiogenic molecules assessed, only E-selectin increased significantly from baseline. Analysis of tumor microvessel density and gene expression was not informative due to intrapatient tumor heterogeneity. Although several patients with evaluable tumor biopsy pairs did reveal posttreatment increases in tumor and endothelial cell apoptosis, these results did not reach statistical significance due to the aforementioned heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS Cilengitide is a well-tolerated antiangiogenic agent. The biomarkers chosen in this study underscore the difficulty in assessing the biological activity of antiangiogenic agents in the absence of validated biological assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hariharan
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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21
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Smith MS, Bivins-Smith ER, Tilley AM, Bentz GL, Chan G, Minard J, Yurochko AD. Roles of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and NF-kappaB in human cytomegalovirus-mediated monocyte diapedesis and adhesion: strategy for viral persistence. J Virol 2007; 81:7683-94. [PMID: 17507481 PMCID: PMC1933358 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02839-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Infected peripheral blood monocytes are proposed to play a key role in the hematogenous dissemination of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) to tissues, a critical step in the establishment of HCMV persistence and the development of HCMV-associated diseases. We recently provided evidence for a unique strategy involved in viral dissemination: HCMV infection of primary human monocytes promotes their transendothelial migration and differentiation into proinflammatory macrophages permissive for the replication of the original input virus. To decipher the mechanism of hematogenous spread, we focused on the viral dysregulation of early cellular processes involved in transendothelial migration. Here, we present evidence that both phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase [PI(3)K] and NF-kappaB activities were crucial for the HCMV induction of monocyte motility and firm adhesion to endothelial cells. We found that the beta(1) integrins, the beta(2) integrins, intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), and ICAM-3 were upregulated following HCMV infection and that they played a key role in the firm adhesion of infected monocytes to the endothelium. The viral regulation of adhesion molecule expression is complex, with PI(3)K and NF-kappaB affecting the expression of each adhesion molecule at different stages of the expression cascade. Our data demonstrate key roles for PI(3)K and NF-kappaB signaling in the HCMV-induced cellular changes in monocytes and identify the biological rationale for the activation of these pathways in infected monocytes, which together suggest a mechanism for how HCMV promotes viral spread to and persistence within host organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shane Smith
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA
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22
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Cázares-Raga FE, González-Lázaro M, Montero-Solís C, González-Cerón L, Zamudio F, Martínez-Barnetche J, Torres-Monzón JA, Ovilla-Muñoz M, Aguilar-Fuentes J, Rodríguez MH, de la Cruz Hernández-Hernández F. GP35 ANOAL, an abundant acidic glycoprotein of female Anopheles albimanus saliva. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2007; 16:187-98. [PMID: 17298558 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2006.00712.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Salivary glands of female mosquitoes produce proteins, not completely described yet, that participate in carbohydrate and blood feeding. Here, we report an acidic glycoprotein of 35 kDa (GP35 ANOAL) secreted in the saliva of the malaria vector mosquito Anopheles albimanus. GP35 ANOAL is produced exclusively in the distal lateral lobes of adult female salivary glands, it has a pI of 4.45 and is negatively stained by regular silver stain. An 888 bp cDNA clone encoding a predicted product of 240 amino acids has a signal peptide, potential post-translational modification sites, and a disintegrin signature RGD. The GP35 ANOAL sequence depicts high similarities with the 30 kDa saliva allergen of Aedes aegypti, 30 kDa allergen-like hypothetical proteins, and GE-rich proteins present in several Anopheles species, as well as in Ae. albopictus and Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus. The function of this protein family is still unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- F E Cázares-Raga
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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Nakahata AM, Bueno NR, Rocha HAO, Franco CRC, Chammas R, Nakaie CR, Jasiulionis MG, Nader HB, Santana LA, Sampaio MU, Oliva MLV. Structural and inhibitory properties of a plant proteinase inhibitor containing the RGD motif. Int J Biol Macromol 2006; 40:22-9. [PMID: 16846639 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2006.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2006] [Revised: 05/12/2006] [Accepted: 05/12/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Purified from Bauhinia rufa seeds, BrTI is a Kunitz proteinase inhibitor that contains the RGD sequence. BrTI inhibits trypsin (K(iapp) 2.9 nM) and human plasma kallikrein (K(iapp) 14.0 nM) but not other related enzymes. The synthetic peptide YLEPVARGDGGLA-NH(2) (70 microM) inhibited the adhesion to fibronectin of B16F10 (high-metastatic B16 murine mouse melanoma cell line) and of Tm5 (murine melanoma cell lines derived from a non-tumorigenic lineage of pigmented murine melanocytes, melan-a). YLEPVARGEGGLA-NH(2) in which Asp(9) was changed into Glu does not affect the cell attachment. Moreover, this peptide was functional only when the sequence present in the native protein was preserved, since YLIPVARGDGGLA-NH(2) in which Glu(3) was changed into Ile does not interfere with B16F10 and was less effective on Tm5 cell line adhesion. Neither YLEPVARGDGGLA-NH(2), YLIPVARGDGGLA-NH(2) or YLEPVARGEGGLA-NH(2) inhibit the interaction of RAEC (endothelial cell line from rabbit aorta) with fibronectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana M Nakahata
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, Rua Três de Maio 100, 04044-020 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Reiss K, Ludwig A, Saftig P. Breaking up the tie: Disintegrin-like metalloproteinases as regulators of cell migration in inflammation and invasion. Pharmacol Ther 2006; 111:985-1006. [PMID: 16626807 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2006.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2006] [Accepted: 02/28/2006] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cell adhesion and cell migration are essential for a variety of important events in both embryonic development and in the adult organism. Cell adhesion molecules (CAM) like selectins, immunoglobulin superfamily members, integrins, and cadherins undergo diverse mechanisms of regulation. Dysregulation of adhesion can lead to pathological processes, including inflammatory diseases or tumor metastasis either by disrupting the normal anchorage, thereby altering cell movement and regulatory signalling, or by promoting inappropriate temporal and spatial adhesion. An increasing body of evidence has emerged showing that members of the a disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) family critically contribute to the regulation of CAM functions. While the disintegrin domain can interact with integrins and mediate adhesion, the metalloproteinase domain can mediate anti-adhesive functions by cleaving the membrane bound adhesion molecules. This "shedding" process leads to the release of often still functional soluble ectodomains and can additionally influence intracellular cell signalling pathways. Several soluble CAMs have been detected in vitro and in vivo. Some of them are strongly increased in inflammatory diseases or in the serum of cancer patients. Therefore the level of soluble CAMs but also the expression of the metalloproteinases responsible for their release might provide prognostic information. It could also be useful for monitoring malignant disease stages and for evaluating the effectiveness of various therapeutic approaches. Moreover, metalloproteases of the ADAM family are emerging as promising targets for new therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Reiss
- Biochemical Institute, Christian-Albrecht-University Kiel, Olshausenstr. 40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany
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