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Grillo GF, Couto SRB, Guerson YB, Ferreira JE, Teixeira EF, Silva AF, Palhano HB, Mello MRB. Neospora caninum is not transmissible via embryo transfer, but affects the quality of embryos in dairy cows. Vet Parasitol 2024; 331:110287. [PMID: 39173408 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate embryo transfer in cattle as a pathway of transmitting neosporosis and to quantitatively and qualitatively compare the embryo production from seropositive and seronegative donors. Superovulatory treatments were performed on eight Girolando donors (four seropositive and four seronegative for N. caninum), resulting in the recovery of ninety-one structures (embryos and non-fertilized structures). Embryos collected and classified as viable were transferred to seronegative recipients and analyzed by PCR to identify N. caninum. No difference was observed in the number of structures collected from seropositive and seronegative donors (40 and 51; P = 0.64). There was a significant difference in the percentages of freezable (25 % and 74 %, P = 0.04) and transferable (27.5 % and 78.4 %, P = 0.003) embryos. The recipients had similar pregnancy rates (60 % and 57.1 %, P = 0.97) and pregnancy loss (50 % and 43.8 %, P = 0.58). There was no change in the serological status of the recipients, and no protozoan DNA was identified in none of the samples. It was concluded that the embryo transfer technique is safe regarding the transmission of neosporosis; however, the quality of embryo production was compromised from donors seropositive for N. caninum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Fernandes Grillo
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Zootecnia, Departamento de Reprodução e Avaliação Animal, Estrada Rio São Paulo (BR - 465), Km 47, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Samuel Rodrigues Bonamichi Couto
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Zootecnia, Departamento de Reprodução e Avaliação Animal, Estrada Rio São Paulo (BR - 465), Km 47, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Yuri Barbosa Guerson
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Zootecnia, Departamento de Reprodução e Avaliação Animal, Estrada Rio São Paulo (BR - 465), Km 47, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil.
| | | | - Edwards Frazão Teixeira
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Avenida Brasil 4365, Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural, Pavilhão Carlos Chagas, 3º andar, sala 307 Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Andressa Ferreira Silva
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Instituro de Veterinária, Departamento de Medicina e Cirurgia Veterinária, Estrada Rio São Paulo (BR - 465), Km 07, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Helcimar Barbosa Palhano
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Instituro de Biologia, Departamento de Anatomia Animal, Estrada Rio São Paulo (BR - 465), Km 07, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Marco Roberto Bourg Mello
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Zootecnia, Departamento de Reprodução e Avaliação Animal, Estrada Rio São Paulo (BR - 465), Km 47, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil.
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de Oliveira Lima ÂC, Nolasco M, Freitas LDS, Pinheiro AM, de Carvalho CAL, de Freitas HF, Pita SSDR, Vieira IJC, Braz Filho R, Branco A. A new cyclodipeptide from Tetragonisca angustula honey active against Neospora caninum and in silico study. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:2909-2914. [PMID: 37585697 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2245538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
A new cyclic natural compound formed by succinic acid and two alanine amino acid units was isolated from the Tetragonisca angustula honey extract. The chemical structure of 1 was established based on spectroscopic data analysis, including one- (1H and 13C NMR) and two-dimensional NMR techniques (1H-1H-COSY, HSQC and HMBC). A primary culture model previously infected with Neospora caninum was used to evaluate 1 for two time intervals (24 and 72 h), showing a reduction (40-56%) of the number of tachyzoites in the first 24 h and until 72 h, a dose-dependent reduction in parasite proliferation (25-50%). Glial cells treated with 1 did not demonstrate toxicity at concentrations up to 25 ug/mL. Treated and infected cultures showed an increase in NO when compared to control cells in 24 h and 72 h. In silico studies suggest that the new compound may affect DNA synthesis and impair -protein production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ângela Cristina de Oliveira Lima
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, State University of Feira de Santana - UEFS, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil
- VeterinaryBiochemistry and Immunology Laboratory, Center for Agricultural, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Reconcavo da Bahia (UFRB), Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil
| | - Matheus Nolasco
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, State University of Feira de Santana - UEFS, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil
| | - Luciana Dos Santos Freitas
- VeterinaryBiochemistry and Immunology Laboratory, Center for Agricultural, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Reconcavo da Bahia (UFRB), Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Moraes Pinheiro
- VeterinaryBiochemistry and Immunology Laboratory, Center for Agricultural, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Reconcavo da Bahia (UFRB), Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alfredo Lopes de Carvalho
- Center for Agricultural, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Reconcavo da Bahia (UFRB), Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil
| | - Humberto Fonseca de Freitas
- Department of Health, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Molecular Modeling (LaBiMM,), Pharmacy College, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Samuel Silva da Rocha Pita
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Molecular Modeling (LaBiMM,), Pharmacy College, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Ivo José Curcino Vieira
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry -LCQUI-CCT, University State of North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Raimundo Braz Filho
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry -LCQUI-CCT, University State of North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
- Chemistry Department -DEQUIM-ICE, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alexsandro Branco
- Department of Health, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil
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Shams F, Jokar M, Abdous A, Mohammadi P, Abbassioun A, Seuberlich T, Rahmanian V. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora spp. in horse population of Tehran, Iran. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17054. [PMID: 39048639 PMCID: PMC11269710 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61999-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Neospora spp. and Toxoplasma gondii are two closely related protozoan parasites that are widely distributed throughout the world. Horses can act as intermediate hosts for both parasites and can acquire disease. Blood samples were taken from 487 clinically healthy horses from 17 different mechanized stables in Tehran, the capital of Iran, during September and November of 2022. IFAT and ELISA were employed to detect antibodies directed against Neospora spp. and T. gondii. The anti-N. caninum antibodies were detected in 52 of the horses (10.67%) based on IFAT and in 86 of the 487 horses (17.65%) based on the ELISA test. Also, antibodies against T. gondii were detected in 41 horses (8.42%) based on IFAT and in 63 of 487 horses (12.94%) based on the ELISA test. Also, in 6 of the horses (1.23%) based on IFAT and in 13 of the 487 horses (2.67%) based on the ELISA test, double positivity suggested co-infection with both parasites. Gender, age groups, and the presence of dogs for neosporosis, and age groups and the presence of cats for toxoplasmosis, could be considered factors having an influence on the seroprevalences (P < 0.05). The results proved the importance of the urgent implementation of stringent regulatory measures to prevent and control the spread of these parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzane Shams
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Vetsuisse, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Division of Neurological Sciences, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mohammad Jokar
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
| | - Arman Abdous
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
| | - Pardis Mohammadi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
| | - Aryan Abbassioun
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Torsten Seuberlich
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Vetsuisse, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Division of Neurological Sciences, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Vahid Rahmanian
- Department of Public Health, Torbat Jam Faculty of Medical Sciences, Torbat Jam, Iran
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Bernardes JC, Pinto-Ferreira F, Ladeia WA, Caldart ET, Paschoal ATP, Martins TA, Barreto JVP, Crespi ME, de Barros LD, Nino BDSL, Gonzalez SG, Garcia JL. Seroprevalence and risk factors for Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in dairy cattle from São Paulo State, Brazil. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA = BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY : ORGAO OFICIAL DO COLEGIO BRASILEIRO DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2024; 33:e006024. [PMID: 38985053 PMCID: PMC11253822 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612024034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Neospora caninum is a major cause of reproductive loss in cattle worldwide as it leads to abortion and animal repositioning. Although Toxoplasma gondii does not cause a reproductive problem in cattle, consuming raw or uncooked beef poses the risk of transmission. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of anti-N. caninum and anti-T. gondii antibodies in dairy cattle in the West and Northwest regions of São Paulo State, Brazil. A total of 653 serum samples from dairy cows were analyzed using an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Epidemiological data from the farms were associated with the serological results of the animals by logistic regression based on the presence of antibodies. The frequencies of the antibodies against N. caninum and T. gondii were 41.6% (272/653) and 11.5% (75/653), respectively. A statistically significant association was observed between: the serum anti-N. caninum antibodies and breed, history of food supplementation for calves, introduction of outside animals that later presented reproductive problems, and history of reproductive problems by the trimester of gestation. The present study highlights the importance of neosporosis in dairy cattle in the study regions and that the inclusion of this parasite in the investigation of animals with reproductive disorders is important.
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Sousa Formiga VHA, Alvares FBV, Anjos MM, Freitas JV, Silva DP, Parentoni RN, Lima Brasil AW, Medeiros GDA, Feitosa TF, Vilela VLR. Seropositivity of Anti- Toxoplasma gondii and Anti- Neospora caninum Antibodies in Cattle Intended for Human Consumption in an Amazonian Area of North Brazil. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:359. [PMID: 37505655 PMCID: PMC10384070 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8070359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum are obligate intracellular intestinal coccidia distributed worldwide, and are causative agents of toxoplasmosis and neosporosis, respectively. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of anti-T. gondii and anti-N. caninum antibodies and the factors associated with infections in beef cattle intended for human consumption in an Amazonian area of North Brazil. We collected blood samples of 387 cattle from 50 herds located in different municipalities of the State of Rondônia. An epidemiological questionnaire was distributed to farmers, with regard to nutritional, sanitary and reproductive herd management. The samples were identified, refrigerated and sent for serological analyses via IFAT (Immunofluorescent Antibody Test). Among the 387 analyzed animals, 91 (23.5%; CI 95%: 18.8-27.2) were positive for anti-T. gondii antibodies, with titers varying from 1:64 (75.8%) to 1:512 (2.2%). For anti-N. caninum antibodies, only four animals (1%; CI 95%: 0-2.7) were positive, with titers ranging from 1:400 (50%) to 1:1600 (25%). We observed a significant rate of anti-T. gondii antibodies in the variables "pure breed" and "contact with free-range chickens" (p < 0.2). There were no risk factors associated with the presence of anti-T. gondii or anti-N. caninum antibodies. In conclusion, there was a high prevalence of anti-T. gondii antibodies in beef cattle intended for human consumption in the State of Rondônia, Brazil, and a low prevalence of anti-N. caninum antibodies. Longitudinal studies can better elucidate the cause of these prevalence levels and how they could be better prevented and controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mariana Moreira Anjos
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Rondônia-UNIR, Rolim de Moura 76940-000, Rondônia, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Vieira Freitas
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Rondônia-UNIR, Rolim de Moura 76940-000, Rondônia, Brazil
| | - Daiane Peixer Silva
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Rondônia-UNIR, Rolim de Moura 76940-000, Rondônia, Brazil
| | - Roberta Nunes Parentoni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa 58059-900, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Arthur Willian Lima Brasil
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa 58059-900, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | - Thais Ferreira Feitosa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Instituto Federal da Paraíba-IFPB, Sousa 58807-630, Paraíba, Brazil
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Maia ARA, de Melo RPB, Mota RA, Clementino IJ, Alves CJ, de Sousa Américo Batista Santos C, Fernandes LG, de Azevedo SS. Herd and animal level prevalences and risk factors for Neospora caninum infection in cattle in the state of Paraíba, northeastern Brazil. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2023; 40:100866. [PMID: 37068861 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2023.100866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Bovine neosporosis is a globally important disease, causing abortions and significant economic losses. In Brazil, studies on neosporosis in cattle are few and based on limited samples and/or from limited areas. We aimed to determine the herd and animal levels seroprevalence and associated factors for Neospora caninum infections in cattle from the state of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil, using a planned sampling. Herds (n = 434) and cows aged ≥24 months (n = 1891) were randomly selected, and serum samples were tested with the immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) using as cut-off point the antibody titer 200. Herd-level and animal-level seroprevalences were 17.8% (95% CI = 14.3%-21.8%) and 18.1% (95% CI = 14.7%-22.1%), respectively. The factors associated with N. caninum infection were farm located in the Sertão mesoregion (Prevalence ratio [PR] = 2.37), mixed production (PR = 1.64), herd size of 34-111 animals (PR = 3.50) and herd size >111 animals (PR = 6.14). The results indicate high N. caninum circulation in the bovine population of the state of Paraíba, semiarid of Brazil, mainly in the Sertão mesoregion, where the highest apparent herd and animal-level prevalences of positive herds were identified. Control strategies should be adopted to mitigate the impact of disease on cattle production, as well as it's suggested the encouragement of conducting surveys in wildlife from Caatinga biome, mainly canids, to provide information on the importance of these animals on the epidemiology of bovine neosporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Rafaela Alves Maia
- Unidade acadêmica de Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Saúde e Tecnologia Rural, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba state, Brazil
| | - Renata Pimentel Bandeira de Melo
- Laboratório de Doenças Infectocontagiosas dos Animais Domésticos, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco state, Brazil
| | - Rinaldo Aparecido Mota
- Laboratório de Doenças Infectocontagiosas dos Animais Domésticos, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco state, Brazil
| | - Inácio José Clementino
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia, Paraíba state, Brazil
| | - Clebert José Alves
- Unidade acadêmica de Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Saúde e Tecnologia Rural, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba state, Brazil
| | | | - Leise Gomes Fernandes
- Fundação de Vigilância em Saúde do Amazonas, Sala de Situação de Saúde, Manaus, Amazonas state, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Santos de Azevedo
- Unidade acadêmica de Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Saúde e Tecnologia Rural, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba state, Brazil.
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Bezerra RA, Valencio BA, Alvares FBV, Alcântara ÉT, Sarmento WF, Melo RPB, Mota RA, Azevedo SS, Gennari SM, Vilela VLR, Feitosa TF. Dynamics of Neospora caninum transmission in naturally infected sheep under semiarid conditions. Small Rumin Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2022.106843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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da Costa LS, Withoeft JA, Bilicki JV, Melo IC, Snak A, das Neves GB, Miletti LC, de Moura AB, Casagrande RA. Neospora caninum-associated abortions in cattle from Southern Brazil: Anatomopathological and molecular characterization. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2022; 36:100802. [PMID: 36436886 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2022.100802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the N. caninum associated abortions in cattle in the state of Santa Catarina, in the southern Brazil. Aborted bovine fetuses were necropsied, submitting organ samples for histopathological evaluation. Brain fragments were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The diagnosis of abortion due to N. caninum was established through histopathology and molecular analysis in 53.84% (28/52) of the cases, with PCR detection in 71.42% (20/28). The histopathological evaluation showed lesions in 75% of the cases, characterized by mononuclear necrotizing encephalitis, mononuclear myocarditis, mononuclear myositis, mixed placentitis, and mononuclear pneumonia. Neospora caninum was the primary etiological agent associated with causes of abortion in cattle in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Silva da Costa
- Laboratório de Patologia Animal, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - Av. Luís de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Aline Withoeft
- Laboratório de Patologia Animal, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - Av. Luís de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - João Vitor Bilicki
- Laboratório de Patologia Animal, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - Av. Luís de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Isadora Cristina Melo
- Laboratório de Patologia Animal, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - Av. Luís de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Snak
- Laboratório de Parasitologia e Doenças Parasitárias, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - Av. Luís de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gabriella Bassi das Neves
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Hemoparasitas e Vetores, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - Av. Luís de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Luiz Claudio Miletti
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Hemoparasitas e Vetores, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - Av. Luís de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Anderson Barbosa de Moura
- Laboratório de Parasitologia e Doenças Parasitárias, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - Av. Luís de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Renata Assis Casagrande
- Laboratório de Patologia Animal, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - Av. Luís de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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Dos Santos EO, Klain VF, Manrique SB, Roman IJ, Dos Santos HF, Sangioni LA, Vogel FSF, Reck J, Webster A, Padilha TC, de Almeida MAB, Dos Santos E, Born LC, Botton SA. The Influence of Landscape Structure on the Occurrence of Neospora caninum, Toxoplasma gondii, and Sarcocystis spp. in Free-Living Neotropical Primates. Acta Parasitol 2022; 67:1680-1696. [PMID: 36178615 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-022-00623-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Habitat fragmentation is the main threat to primate survival in the world. Additionally, changes in the environments in which they live can also contribute to exposure to pathogens. To investigate some pathogens that free-living primates may be exposed to in Rio Grande do Sul State (RS; southern Brazil) and characterize the forest remnants in which they live, we investigated anti-Neospora caninum, Toxoplasma gondii, and Sarcocystis spp. antibodies in the serum of the animals. METHODS We analyzed 105 serum samples from 63 black howler monkeys (Alouatta caraya), 39 southern brown howler monkeys (Alouatta guariba clamitans), and 03 capuchin monkeys (Sapajus nigritus cucullatus), which were captured in forest fragments of RS. Indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT) and indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA) were used to detect antibodies to the agents. We then characterized the landscapes in a multiscale approach in radii from 200 to 1400 m to investigate the relationship of the presence of the agents with landscape elements. RESULTS In the IFAT-IgG, 13.3% (14/105) of the samples were seropositive for N. caninum, 4.8% (5/105) for T. gondii, and 5.7% (6/105) for Sarcocystis spp. In the IHA-IgM/IgG, 24.8% (26/105) were seropositive for T. gondii. The metrics that best explained exposure to agents were edge and patch density, forest cover, urban cover, and average Euclidean distance to the nearest patch. CONCLUSIONS This study indicated that the primates were exposed to the agents studied, demonstrating that some landscape features are associated with exposures to the investigated pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisandro O Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Roraima 1000, Prédio 63C, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Vinícius F Klain
- Laboratório de Primatologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde E da Vida da Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Rio Grande Do Sul. Av. Ipiranga, 6681 - Partenon, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Sebastián B Manrique
- Laboratório de Primatologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde E da Vida da Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Rio Grande Do Sul. Av. Ipiranga, 6681 - Partenon, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Isac Junior Roman
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Roraima 1000, Prédio 63C, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Helton F Dos Santos
- Núcleo de Estudos E Pesquisas Em Animais Silvestres, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Laboratório Central de Diagnóstico de Patologias Aviárias, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima 1000, Prédio 63C, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Luís Antônio Sangioni
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Roraima 1000, Prédio 63C, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda S F Vogel
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Roraima 1000, Prédio 63C, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - José Reck
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Do Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor, Secretaria Estadual de Agricultura, Pecuária e Desenvolvimento Rural, Eldorado Do Sul, Rio Grande Do Sul, Estrada Do Conde, 6000 - Sans Souci, Eldorado Do Sul, RS, 92990-000, Brazil
| | - Anelise Webster
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Do Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor, Secretaria Estadual de Agricultura, Pecuária e Desenvolvimento Rural, Eldorado Do Sul, Rio Grande Do Sul, Estrada Do Conde, 6000 - Sans Souci, Eldorado Do Sul, RS, 92990-000, Brazil
| | - Thamiris C Padilha
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Do Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor, Secretaria Estadual de Agricultura, Pecuária e Desenvolvimento Rural, Eldorado Do Sul, Rio Grande Do Sul, Estrada Do Conde, 6000 - Sans Souci, Eldorado Do Sul, RS, 92990-000, Brazil
| | - Marco Antônio B de Almeida
- Divisão de Vigilância Ambiental Em Saúde, Centro Estadual de Vigilância Em Saúde, Secretaria de Estado da Saúde, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul. Av. Ipiranga, 5400 - Jardim Botânico, Porto Alegre, RS, 90450-190, Brazil
| | - Edmilson Dos Santos
- Divisão de Vigilância Ambiental Em Saúde, Centro Estadual de Vigilância Em Saúde, Secretaria de Estado da Saúde, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul. Av. Ipiranga, 5400 - Jardim Botânico, Porto Alegre, RS, 90450-190, Brazil
| | - Lucas C Born
- Divisão de Vigilância Ambiental Em Saúde, Centro Estadual de Vigilância Em Saúde, Secretaria de Estado da Saúde, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul. Av. Ipiranga, 5400 - Jardim Botânico, Porto Alegre, RS, 90450-190, Brazil
| | - Sônia A Botton
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Roraima 1000, Prédio 63C, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
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10
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Jilo Tache K, Getachew Y, Negussie H. Seroepidemiology of Neospora caninum in Cattle of Pastoral Production System in Teltelle District of Borana Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Vet Med (Auckl) 2022; 13:247-256. [PMID: 36128200 PMCID: PMC9482781 DOI: 10.2147/vmrr.s377408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Background Neosporosis is a major cause of abortion in smallholder dairy farms in Ethiopia. However, its status and impact in pastoral cattle production settings were uncovered. This study was performed with the aims of estimating the seroprevalence and associated potential risk factors for Neospora caninum in Boran cattle in Teltelle district of Borana zone, Ethiopia. Methods 180 blood samples were collected from 48 randomly selected pastoral herds using a multistage sampling technique and subjected to an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test to detect antibodies specific to N. caninum. A questionnaire survey was also used to identify the potential risk factors of N. caninum in the study area. Evaluation of the associated risk factors was conducted using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results Antibodies against N. caninum exposure were detected in 5% of cattle (95% CI: 1.816–8.184) from 180 animals tested. Similarly, the seroprevalence of N. caninum in herds with at least one positive animal was 14.6% (95% CI: 4.598–24.567) from 48 herds examined. A multivariable logistic regression model identified the following as significant risk factors: a history of abortion (AOR = 23; 95% CI: 2.354–188.702; P = 0.006), dystocia (AOR = 11; 95% CI = 22.275–55.860; P = 0.003), wells water sources (AOR = 9; 95% CI: 1.599–47.568; P = 0.012), and dogs fed with raw animal products (AOR = 6; 95% CI: 11.213–27.222; P = 0.028). Conclusion This study revealed the first serological evidence of N. caninum exposure in cattle reared under pastoral production system. Our findings suggest N. caninum is likely to be an important cause of abortion and dystocia in cattle in Ethiopia. Management practices, such as provision of hygienic water and restriction of dogs fed with raw animal products, are likely to reduce the risk of infection. Thus, maximizing community awareness about these disease management practices is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kula Jilo Tache
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Borena University, Borena, Yabelo, Ethiopia
| | - Yitbarek Getachew
- Department of Clinical Studies, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu, Ethiopia
| | - Haileleul Negussie
- Department of Clinical Studies, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu, Ethiopia
- Correspondence: Haileleul Negussie, Department of Clinical Studies, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P. O. Box; 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia, Email
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Dead or Alive? A Review of Perinatal Factors That Determine Canine Neonatal Viability. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12111402. [PMID: 35681866 PMCID: PMC9179255 DOI: 10.3390/ani12111402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The article summarizes the current knowledge on factors related to pregnancy, parturition, and newborns that affect the health status of a puppy and determine its chances for survival and development. The detailed information is provided in terms of breed predispositions, objectives of pregnancy monitoring, potential sources of complications, and veterinary advances in care and treatment of perinatal conditions. Successful pregnancy outcomes still pose challenges in veterinary neonatology; thus, publications presenting the current state of knowledge in this field are in demand. Abstract The perinatal period has a critical impact on viability of the newborns. The variety of factors that can potentially affect the health of a litter during pregnancy, birth, and the first weeks of life requires proper attention from both the breeder and the veterinarian. The health status of puppies can be influenced by various maternal factors, including breed characteristics, anatomy, quality of nutrition, delivery assistance, neonatal care, and environmental or infectious agents encountered during pregnancy. Regular examinations and pregnancy monitoring are key tools for early detection of signals that can indicate disorders even before clinical signs occur. Early detection significantly increases the chances of puppies’ survival and proper development. The purpose of the review was to summarize and discuss the complex interactions between all elements that, throughout pregnancy and the first days of life, have a tangible impact on the subsequent fate of the offspring. Many of these components continue to pose challenges in veterinary neonatology; thus, publications presenting the current state of knowledge in this field are in demand.
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Molecular detection of Coxiella burnetii in aborted bovine fetuses in Brazil. Acta Trop 2022; 227:106258. [PMID: 34826384 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In the past decade, cases of Q fever have been reported in Brazil. Although the previous report of Coxiella burnetii in humans and animals, the knowledge about the occurrence of this pathogen in livestock in Brazil is scarce. This study aimed to search C. burnetii and possible coinfections in tissues of aborted bovine fetuses from Brazil. Tissue samples from seventy-six aborted bovine fetuses sent to the laboratory of molecular diagnosis of infectious diseases from 2013 to 2019 were evaluated by real-time PCR for C. burnetii. Overall, 9.2% (7/76) of the samples were positive for C. burnetii. Moreover, the molecular diagnostic history of our lab revealed the coinfection with Neospora spp. in three fetuses and the presence of histopathological features suggestive with fetal neosporosis in another one. The previous report of C. burnetii in humans and animals in the country, with the detection of C. burnetii from tissues of aborted bovine fetuses reported here, reinforces the neglected state of the disease in Brazil and raises the question of the role of the pathogen in reproductive disorders in national livestock.
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Abdeltif B, Tennah S, Derdour SY, Temim A, Boufendi H, Ghalmi F. The first study on seroprevalence and risk factors of Neospora caninum infection in pregnant local cows from Northeast Algeria. Vet World 2022; 15:442-448. [PMID: 35400964 PMCID: PMC8980373 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.442-448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Neospora caninum is one of the most common infectious organisms worldwide that causes abortion in cattle. To the best of our knowledge, no previous studies have focused on N. caninum infection in the local Atlas brown cattle from Northeast Algeria. This study aimed to assess the importance of bovine neosporosis for causing abortion in Atlas brown cattle and to identify selected risk factors. Materials and Methods: A case-control study was performed on 60 control farms and 30 case farms. We collected 650 blood samples from 650 pregnant cows from 90 farms in five Algerian provinces; Jijel, Skikda, Annaba, El-Tarf, and Souk-Ahras. Sera samples were analyzed for the presence of antibodies against N. caninum using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results: The seroprevalence of N. caninum infection in the cows was 36.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 32.7-39.8) and in the farms was 81.1% (95% CI: 73.0-89.2). Risk factors found by multivariable logistic regression included: Presence of dogs (odds ratio [OR] 4.7, 95 CI 2.9-7.3); age ≥84 months (OR 4.9, 95 CI 2.8-8.3); Jijel region (OR 2.2, 95 CI 1.1-4.5); white (OR 2.5, 95 CI 1.4-4.4) and gray (OR 2.5, 95 CI 1.4-4.5) coat; moderate (OR 2.30, 95 CI 1.4-3.8) and bad (OR 3.1, 95 CI 1.8-5.3) hygiene; and second (OR 2.5, 95 CI 1.4-4.4); and last (OR 2.3, 95 CI 1.3-4.2) stage of pregnancy. Our case-control study showed no significant association between seropositivity of N. caninum and abortion at the farms level (OR 0.9, 95 CI 0.3-2.7). Similarly, there was no significant association between seropositivity of N. caninum and abortion at the individual level (OR 0.8, 95 CI 0.6-1.2). Conclusion: This is the first study of N. caninum infection in pregnant local cows from Northeast Algeria. The prevalence rate of antibodies against N. caninum was high. Almost all risk factors studied for infection were significantly associated with seroprevalence. Our analysis showed no relation between N. caninum infection and abortion. Consequently, these local cows are resistant to abortion caused by N. caninum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Besma Abdeltif
- Research Laboratory Management of Local Animal Resources, Higher National Veterinary School, El Alia, Oued Smar, 1615, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Safia Tennah
- Research Laboratory Management of Local Animal Resources, Higher National Veterinary School, El Alia, Oued Smar, 1615, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Salima Yamina Derdour
- Research Laboratory Management of Local Animal Resources, Higher National Veterinary School, El Alia, Oued Smar, 1615, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Asma Temim
- National Center for Biotechnology Research, Ali Mendjli New Town, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Houda Boufendi
- National Center for Biotechnology Research, Ali Mendjli New Town, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Farida Ghalmi
- Research Laboratory Management of Local Animal Resources, Higher National Veterinary School, El Alia, Oued Smar, 1615, Algiers, Algeria
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de Souza GG, Amatti LZ, Garcia LV, Costa LR, Minutti AF, Martins TA, Bogado ALG, Ignácio FS, de Almeida BFM, Garcia JL, de Barros LD. Neospora caninum infection and reproductive problems in dairy cows from Brazil: A case-control study. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2022; 28:100683. [PMID: 35115122 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2021.100683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Neosporosis, an infectious disease caused by the protozoan Neospora caninum, has been associated with economic losses in cattle rearing worldwide. However, previous studies have not presented any evidence regarding the association between serological status of neosporosis and alteration of the reproductive parameters. Thus, this study aimed to determine whether N. caninum is associated with reproductive disorders and to evaluate the possible risk factors of the infection. Blood samples from 202 dairy cows, 51 with a history of reproductive disorders (case group) and 151 without (control group), were collected from different farms in Brazil. Epidemiological questionnaires were conducted with all the farmers. Serum samples were subjected to an indirect fluorescent antibody test to detect antibodies against the parasite. In total, 28.22% (57/202) of the cows were seropositive: 47.06% (24/51) from the case group and 21.85% (33/151) from the control group. By logistic regression, cows aged ≥48 months and cows with history of abortion were 4.8 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.91-12.05; p = 0.001) and 2.3 (95% CI = 1.06-5.1; p = 0.034) times more likely to be seropositive, respectively. Furthermore, our results show an association between N. caninum seropositivity and abortion in dairy cows from Brazil with poor management conditions and N. caninum seropositivity risk factors for reproductive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Gati de Souza
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculdades Integradas de Ourinhos, Rodovia BR 153, Km 338+420m, 19909-100 Ourinhos, SP, Brazil; Department of Clinical Veterinary, Universidade Estadual Paulista, R. Dr. Valter Maurício Corrêa, s/n, 18618-681 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Lidiana Zanetti Amatti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculdades Integradas de Ourinhos, Rodovia BR 153, Km 338+420m, 19909-100 Ourinhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Luana Venâncio Garcia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculdades Integradas de Ourinhos, Rodovia BR 153, Km 338+420m, 19909-100 Ourinhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Letícia Ramos Costa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculdades Integradas de Ourinhos, Rodovia BR 153, Km 338+420m, 19909-100 Ourinhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Minutti
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Animal Protozoology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Thais Agostinho Martins
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Animal Protozoology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Alexey Leon Gomel Bogado
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Norte do Paraná, Rodovia Pr 218, Km 01, 86702-670 Arapongas, PR, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Saules Ignácio
- Department of Clinical Veterinary, Universidade Estadual Paulista, R. Dr. Valter Maurício Corrêa, s/n, 18618-681 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | | | - João Luis Garcia
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Animal Protozoology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Luiz Daniel de Barros
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Animal Protozoology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, PR, Brazil; Department of Clinical Veterinary, Universidade Estadual Paulista, R. Dr. Valter Maurício Corrêa, s/n, 18618-681 Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
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Campos HGND, Soares HS, Azevedo SSD, Gennari SM. Occurrence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum antibodies and risk factors in domiciliated dogs of Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA = BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY : ORGAO OFICIAL DO COLEGIO BRASILEIRO DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2022; 31:e020321. [PMID: 35544881 PMCID: PMC9901885 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612022024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The presence of antibodies anti-Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum have been described in dogs from virtually all Brazilian states, however in the state of Amazonas, there are few studies on these coccidia. In this study the occurrence of antibodies against T. gondii and N. caninum and risk factors were determined in domiciliated dogs of Manaus, AM. Blood samples were collected from 154 dogs and, during the harvest, a questionnaire was applied with questions related to the animals. The samples were analyzed, for the presence of anti-T. gondii and N. caninum antibodies, by indirect fluorescence antibody test, with cutoff of 16 and 50, respectively. Associations between the variables studied and the presence of antibodies were made by chi-square test, fisher's exact test or G test (p<0.05). Of the 154 samples, 19 (12.3% 95% CI = 7.1% - 17.5%) were reagents to T. gondii, and association (p <0.05) was observed between the presence of antibodies and contact with other dogs. The occurrence of dogs reactive to N. caninum was 1.9% (95% CI = 0.4% - 5.6%) with 3 of the 154 dogs positives, and no association (p>0.05) was observed between the presence of N. caninum antibodies, and the variables studied.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Herbert Sousa Soares
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde Única, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Santo Amaro - UNISA, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Sergio Santos de Azevedo
- Unidade Acadêmica de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande - UFCG, Patos, PB, Brasil
| | - Solange Maria Gennari
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde Única, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Santo Amaro - UNISA, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Ferreira RF, Dittrich RL, Zimmermann IB, Ljubic BB, Mrljak V, Eckersall PD. Differential acute-phase protein responses in dogs seropositive or seronegative for Neospora caninum. Parasitol Res 2021; 120:3529-3535. [PMID: 34427786 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-021-07277-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Neospora caninum is one of the most prevalent Apicomplexa parasites that causes abortion in cattle, as it infects dogs as its definitive host, causing subclinical disease or active neosporosis, marked by meningoencephalitis, and myopathies with muscle and neuromuscular signs of disease. This study aimed to evaluate the acute phase protein response in dogs seropositive and seronegative for N. caninum. Serum samples of 72 dogs were tested by an immunofluorescence antibody test using N. caninum NC-1 strain, and the study population was divided into four groups: symptomatic - muscular and/or neuromuscular signs - and seropositive (n = 16); symptomatic and seronegative (n = 9); asymptomatic and seropositive (n = 34); and asymptomatic and seronegative (n = 13). C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured via immunoturbidimetric assay and serum haptoglobin (Hp) via hemoglobin-binding capacity assay. In the symptomatic groups, seropositive dogs had higher levels of Hp, but not CRP, while seronegative dogs had higher CRP levels. There was no difference in CRP concentration in asymptomatic dogs. Dogs with neuromuscular signs had higher concentrations for Hp in the group seropositive. Hp concentration did not differ between dogs seropositive and seronegative dogs for each group. Serum Hp and CRP could not sufficiently alone flag subclinical infections. Measurement of CRP and Hp concentrations could be clinically valuable to the diagnosis of neurological diseases, and their relative change may indicate the stage of the infection, although their sole use is not able to support the diagnosis of canine neosporosis. Further studies are encouraged to evaluate the specific dynamics of acute phase proteins in canine neosporosis. Serum samples of 72 dogs were tested by an immunofluorescence antibody test using N. caninum NC-1 strain, and the study population was divided into four groups: (1) dogs with muscular and/or neuromuscular signs and seropositive for N. caninum; (2) dogs with muscular and/or neuromuscular signs and seronegative for N. caninum; (3) dogs seropositive for N. caninum with no neuromuscular signs; and (4) healthy dogs and seronegative for N. caninum. The study evaluated if N. caninum infection could have pathophysiological changes activating the acute phase response and an increase in the concentration of acute phase proteins in serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Furioso Ferreira
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Vladimir Mrljak
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Peter David Eckersall
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
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Perotta JH, Freitas BBD, Marcom NN, Pescador CA, Pereira CC, Locatelli-Dittrich R, Brum JS, Barros Filho IRD. An abortion storm in dairy cattle associated with neosporosis in southern Brazil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 30:e001821. [PMID: 34076048 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612021045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Between December 2016 and April 2017, a spate of abortions occurred in a closed dairy herd from the central eastern region of Paraná, Brazil, in which 75 cows aborted. To identify its cause, organ fragments were collected from an aborted fetus for histopathology, and the blood samples from a stillborn, 4 aborted fetuses, and 9 farm dogs for indirect fluorescent antibody technique (IFAT). These tests found multifocal non-suppurative encephalitis, periportal hepatitis, and multifocal lymphoplasmacytic myocarditis, and detected anti-Neospora antibodies in all aborted fetuses, and in 5 of the 9 dogs. DNA of Neospora caninum was detected in the brain tissue of an aborted fetus. Blood samples of 340 cows and 146 heifers showed 33.5% and 30.8% seropositivity, respectively. In this closed herd, the parasite was probably introduced by infected domesticated or wild carnivores inhabiting the farm, through the infective oocysts present in their stool.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Henrique Perotta
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
| | - Bárbara Barbi de Freitas
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
| | - Nicoly Nayana Marcom
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
| | - Caroline Argenta Pescador
- Departamento de Clínica Médica Veterinária, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso - UFMT, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil
| | | | - Rosângela Locatelli-Dittrich
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
| | - Juliana Sperotto Brum
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
| | - Ivan Roque de Barros Filho
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
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Sato AP, Goulart MDA, Konell AL, de Oliveira Koch M, da Fonseca FM, Morel AP, Locatelli-Dittrich R. Serosurvey of Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Sarcocystis neurona in raptors and risk factor analysis. Parasitol Int 2021; 82:102312. [PMID: 33636361 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2021.102312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Raptors are carnivorous birds with great hunting ability. Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Sarcocystis spp. are intracellular Apicomplexan protozoans which infect a wide range of intermediate hosts, including birds. The aims of this study were to evaluate the serological reactivity of captive raptors serum to T. gondii, N. caninum and S. neurona antigens and identify possible risk factors associated with the infection. From August 2014 to September 2015, blood samples from 72 raptors were collected and serum samples were tested by immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT). Antigen slides were prepared using tachyzoites of T. gondii and N. caninum and using merozoites of S. neurona. Serum samples were tested at the following cut-off dilutions: 1:16 for T. gondii and 1:50 for N. caninum and S. neurona. An anti-chicken IgY antibody conjugated with FITC was used as a secondary antibody at 1:50 dilution. Out of the 72 raptors serum tested by IFAT, 2.7% reacted to N. caninum, 8.3% to T. gondii and 11.1% to S. neurona antigens. The region in which the sample was collected, the reason the raptors were kept in captivity and diet were statistically associated with seropositivity to T. gondii and the use of the birds and diet were statistically associated with seropositivity to N. caninum and S. neurona (p ≤ 0.05). We highlight the occurrence of these protozoans in birds of prey and the importance of good hygiene and feeding management of these birds in captivity to reduce the risk of protozoal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Sato
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários 1540, CEP 80035-050 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Miúriel de Aquino Goulart
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, av. Bento Gonçalves, 9090, CEP 91540-000 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Aline Luiza Konell
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários 1540, CEP 80035-050 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marilia de Oliveira Koch
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários 1540, CEP 80035-050 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Flávia Moreira da Fonseca
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários 1540, CEP 80035-050 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Morel
- Hayabusa - Falconry Company and Environmental Consulting, Estrada da Carapina, 1001, CEP 95400-000 São Francisco de Paula, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rosangela Locatelli-Dittrich
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários 1540, CEP 80035-050 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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Venturoso PDJS, Venturoso OJ, Silva GG, Maia MO, Witter R, Aguiar DM, Pacheco RDC, Ferreira E, Costa AJD, Santos-Doni TRD. Risk factor analysis associated with Neospora caninum in dairy cattle in Western Brazilian Amazon. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 30:e023020. [PMID: 33605388 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-296120201088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Neospora caninum is considered to be one of the main causes of abortion among cattle. The present survey was conducted in the municipality of Rolim de Moura, Rondônia State, Brazil. A questionnaire that investigates the epidemiological aspects of neosporosis was used in the analysis of risk factors associated with the animal-level and herd-level prevalence in dairy cattle. A total of 416 bovine blood samples were collected from 30 farms, and N. caninum antibody levels were measured by Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test (IFAT). Analysis of dairy cattle serum samples revealed the presence of anti-N. caninum antibodies to be 47.36% (n = 197). Risk factors associated with N. caninum infection were the management system and access locations of dogs. The results of the present survey indicated that infection of dairy cattle with N. caninum is widespread in the studied region of Western Amazon, which has implications for prevention and control of neosporosis in this region. Therefore, integrated control strategies and measures are recommended to prevent and control N. caninum infection in dairy cattle. In addition, direct contact between dairy cattle, dogs and wild animals, which can influence the epidemiology of neosporosis, should be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Osvaldo Juliatti Venturoso
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Rondônia - UNIR, Rolim de Moura, RO, Brasil
| | - Gisele Glomba Silva
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Rondônia - UNIR, Rolim de Moura, RO, Brasil
| | - Maerle Oliveira Maia
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMT, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil
| | - Rute Witter
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMT, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil
| | - Daniel Moura Aguiar
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMT, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil
| | - Richard de Campos Pacheco
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMT, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil
| | - Elvino Ferreira
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Rondônia - UNIR, Rolim de Moura, RO, Brasil
| | - Alvimar José da Costa
- Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Thais Rabelo Dos Santos-Doni
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM, Unaí, MG, Brasil
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20
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Lopes LM, Minervino AHH, Monger SDGB, Soares HS, Portela JM, Ferreira JIGDS, Gennari SM, Pereira WLA. Occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in pigs in the State of Pará, Brazil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 30:e017520. [PMID: 33533795 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-296120201085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the occurrence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum antibodies in pigs raised in the Northeast of Pará, Brazil. At Study I, convenience sampled 151 pigs at two slaughterhouses, with and without state inspection; and Study II, which assessed 159 pigs with probabilistic sampling from nine pig farms. Serological analysis was performed using indirect fluorescent antibody test for T. gondii and N. caninum with a cutoff of 64 and 50, respectively. Overall, 6.77% pigs were seropositive for T. gondii and 5.16% for N. caninum. In Study I, pigs slaughtered with and without state inspection presented similar occurrence for both coccidia (p>0.05). Study II found an association between N. caninum seropositivity and sludge discarded into the soil, feeding pigs with animal-based protein, subsistence system, and absence of nipple drinkers. No association was found for T. gondii. Pigs from Pará are a potential source of T. gondii infection to humans. To our best knowledge, this is the first study to report anti-N. caninum antibodies in the serum of pigs in Pará State, Brazilian Amazon.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Herbert Sousa Soares
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde Única e Bem-Estar Animal, Universidade Santo Amaro - UNISA, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Juliana Machado Portela
- Laboratório de Sanidade Animal - LARSANA, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará - UFOPA, Santarém, PA, Brasil
| | | | - Solange Maria Gennari
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde Única e Bem-Estar Animal, Universidade Santo Amaro - UNISA, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.,Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia - FMVZ, Universidade de São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Washington Luiz Assunção Pereira
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Produção Animal na Amazônia, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia - UFRA, Belém, PA, Brasil
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21
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Azevedo Filho PCGD, Ribeiro-Andrade M, Santos JFD, Reis ACD, Pinheiro Júnior JW, Valença SRFDA, Samico-Fernandes EFT, Mota RA. Neospora caninum infection in cattle in the state of Amazonas, Brazil: seroprevalence, spatial distribution and risk factors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 30:e020820. [PMID: 33533797 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-296120201083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Livestock in the Amazon has grown significantly and, although neosporosis in cattle has been reported worldwide, there is no information about N. caninum in production systems in the state of Amazonas. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in cattle, their spatial distribution and the risk factors associated with N. caninum infection in the state of Amazonas. Questionnaires were applied to farmers to assess risk factors associated with N. caninum infection. Blood samples were collected from 1,073 animals on 47 farms in 33 municipalities in the four Amazonian subpopulations. IgG anti-N.caninum antibodies were detected by the indirect fluorescence test, with a general prevalence of 30.2%, being seropositive in 43 farms (91.5%), with prevalence ranging from 2.2% to 69.2%. The highest number of high density points was found in subpopulation 3 (municipality of Apuí and other municipalities on the Madeira River and affluent). It was concluded that N. caninum is present with high seroprevalence values, when compared to other cattle producing states in the Amazon region of Brazil. The identified factors can be used as risk indicators so that control measures can be implemented to prevent infection by N. caninum in these herds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Müller Ribeiro-Andrade
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas - UFAL, Maceió, AL, Brasil
| | - Jomel Francisco Dos Santos
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Amazonas - IFAM, Campus Manaus Zona Leste, Manaus, AM, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | - Rinaldo Aparecido Mota
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - UFRPE, Recife, PE, Brasil
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22
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Pereira KAG, de Sousa RS, Varaschin MS, Becker APBB, Monteiro ALG, de Oliveira Koch M, Costa RC, Laskoski LM, Galindo CM, de Cristo TG, da Fonseca FM, Locatelli-Dittrich R. Transplacental transmission of Neospora caninum to lambs in successive pregnancies of naturally infected sheep in Southern Brazil. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2021; 23:100537. [PMID: 33678390 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2021.100537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to report the detection of N. caninum DNA in a newborn lamb (1) with neurological signs and congenital neosporosis and in a stillborn lamb (2), both born from the same ewe in a herd of Southern Brazil. The lambs were born during different pregnancies of a Suffolk ewe seropositive to N. caninum and seronegative to T. gondii. Histopathological lesions were observed only in the central nervous system of the lambs. The newborn lamb (1) showed mild and focal gliosis in the frontal lobe. In the hippocampal region of the stillborn lamb (2), lymphoplasmacytic perivascular cuffs and N. caninum cysts were observed in the cytoplasm of neurons and confirmed by IHC. PCR was performed using brain samples to detect the protozoa N. caninum and Toxoplasma gondii. The infection with N. caninum was confirmed in the newborn lamb (1) by PCR and in the stillborn lamb (2) by histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and PCR tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Alcalá Gonçalves Pereira
- Veterinarian, Sector of Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Juvevê, Curitiba CEP:80035-060, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Renato Silva de Sousa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Juvevê, Curitiba CEP:80035-060, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mary Suzan Varaschin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Caixa postal 3037, Lavras CEP 37200-000, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Brenner Busch Becker
- Veterinarian, Sector of Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Juvevê, Curitiba CEP:80035-060, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Alda Lúcia Gomes Monteiro
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Juvevê, Curitiba CEP:80035-060, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marília de Oliveira Koch
- Veterinarian, Sector of Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Juvevê, Curitiba CEP:80035-060, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rafael Carneiro Costa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Caixa postal 3037, Lavras CEP 37200-000, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luciane Maria Laskoski
- Veterinarian, Sector of Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Juvevê, Curitiba CEP:80035-060, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Claudia Martins Galindo
- Veterinarian, Sector of Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Juvevê, Curitiba CEP:80035-060, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Thierry Grima de Cristo
- Veterinarian, Sector of Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Juvevê, Curitiba CEP:80035-060, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Flávia Moreira da Fonseca
- Veterinarian, Sector of Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Juvevê, Curitiba CEP:80035-060, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rosangela Locatelli-Dittrich
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Juvevê, Curitiba CEP:80035-060, Paraná, Brazil
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23
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de Barros LD, Bogado ALG, Furlan D, de Melo Jardim A, Okano W, da Silva LC, Pereira CES, Bronkhorst DE, Cardim ST, Garcia JL. Effects of Neospora caninum on reproductive parameters in dairy cows from a closed herd in Brazil. VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY- REGIONAL STUDIES AND REPORTS 2020; 23:100524. [PMID: 33678379 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2020.100524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Dairy production and cattle reproductive parameters exhibit a strong relationship, which can be disrupted by infectious agents, such as Neospora caninum, that affect the reproductive tract of these animals. Neosporosis is a major cause of abortion in cattle worldwide and is responsible for substantial economic losses. We evaluated the impact of N. caninum infection on the reproductive parameters of 434 Holstein dairy cows from a herd in Brazil that had been closed for 4 years through the assessment of serological testing and reproductive parameters. Dairy cows older than 24 months and that required at least 2.2 inseminations to become pregnant had a higher frequency of seropositive results. Analysis of the medians of positive and negative cows revealed that seropositive cows tended to require more insemination efforts to achieve pregnancy and showed a 2-month increase in age at first calving. According to the reproductive parameters, the correlation coefficient was higher in seronegative animals, while no such correlation was detected in seropositive cows. Thus, we concluded that N. caninum negatively affects the reproductive parameters of dairy cows kept in a closed herd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Daniel de Barros
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Animal Protozoology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, PR, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - João Luis Garcia
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Animal Protozoology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, PR, Brazil
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24
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Kmetiuk LB, de Campos Nogueira AH, Okuda LH, Gomes AL, de Souza Hunold Lara MDCC, Villalobos EMC, Martins CM, Pereira MS, de Barros Filho IR, van Wilpe Bach R, Lipinski LC, Dos Santos AP, Biondo AW. Serosurvey of anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in wild boars (Sus scrofa), hunting dogs and hunters of Brazil. VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY- REGIONAL STUDIES AND REPORTS 2020; 23:100522. [PMID: 33678377 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2020.100522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The protozoan Neospora caninum is an important cause of abortion in cattle worldwide, with domestic dogs serving as the definitive hosts. Although hunting activities have been indicated as a potential risk factor for N. caninum infection in dogs, no serological evidence has so far been reported in hunting dogs, wild boars (Sus scrofa), and hunters. A total of 98 wild boars, 168 hunting dogs, and 15 hunters from three Brazilian regions were sampled and tested for anti-N. caninum antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence antibody test, resulting in 15/168 (9%) seropositive hunting dogs, and 0/98 wild boars, and 0/15 hunters seropositive. The absence of N. caninum antibodies in wild boars may suggest low exposure to oocysts shed by hunting dogs and wild canids in three different Brazilian regions. Finally, the absence of hunter seropositivity supports the current lack of evidence that N. caninum is a zoonotic parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Bach Kmetiuk
- Graduate College of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Coronel Francisco Heráclito dos Santos Avenue, 100, Curitiba, Paraná 81531-970, Brazil
| | - Adriana Hellmeister de Campos Nogueira
- Laboratory of Bovine Viruses, Animal Health Research and Development, Biological Institute, Conselheiro Rodrigues Alves Avenue, 1252, São Paulo, São Paulo State 04014-002, Brazil.
| | - Liria Hiromi Okuda
- Laboratory of Bovine Viruses, Animal Health Research and Development, Biological Institute, Conselheiro Rodrigues Alves Avenue, 1252, São Paulo, São Paulo State 04014-002, Brazil.
| | - Alexandre Lopes Gomes
- Laboratory of Bovine Viruses, Animal Health Research and Development, Biological Institute, Conselheiro Rodrigues Alves Avenue, 1252, São Paulo, São Paulo State 04014-002, Brazil
| | - Maria do Carmo Custódio de Souza Hunold Lara
- Laboratory of Rabies and Viral Encephalitis, Animal Health Research and Development, Biological Institute, Conselheiro Rodrigues Alves Avenue, 1252, São Paulo, São Paulo State 04014-002, Brazil.
| | - Eliana Monteforte Cassaro Villalobos
- Laboratory of Rabies and Viral Encephalitis, Animal Health Research and Development, Biological Institute, Conselheiro Rodrigues Alves Avenue, 1252, São Paulo, São Paulo State 04014-002, Brazil.
| | - Camila Marinelli Martins
- Department of Medicine, State University of Ponta Grossa, General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Ponta Grossa, Paraná 84030-900, Brazil
| | - Monicque Silva Pereira
- São Paulo State Department of the Environment, Brasil Avenue, 2340, Campinas, São Paulo 13073-012, Brazil.
| | - Ivan Roque de Barros Filho
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná State, Funcionários Street, 1540, Curitiba, Paraná 80035-050, Brazil.
| | - Renato van Wilpe Bach
- Department of Medicine, State University of Ponta Grossa, General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Ponta Grossa, Paraná 84030-900, Brazil
| | - Leandro Cavalcante Lipinski
- Department of Medicine, State University of Ponta Grossa, General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Ponta Grossa, Paraná 84030-900, Brazil
| | - Andrea Pires Dos Santos
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, 725 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2027, USA.
| | - Alexander Welker Biondo
- Graduate College of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Coronel Francisco Heráclito dos Santos Avenue, 100, Curitiba, Paraná 81531-970, Brazil; Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, 725 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2027, USA.
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25
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Idarraga-Bedoya SE, Álvarez-Chica J, Bonilla-Aldana DK, Moore DP, Rodríguez-Morales AJ. Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum infection in cattle from Pereira, Colombia ⋆. VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY- REGIONAL STUDIES AND REPORTS 2020; 22:100469. [PMID: 33308726 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2020.100469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
There are over 25.6 million cattle heads in Colombia being the fourth-highest herd in Latin America. This study aimed to describe the seroprevalence of Neospora caninum in cattle from 25 rural farms at Pereira municipality, Risaralda Department, which has a total bovine population of 43,508 animals. A cross-sectional observational study was performed in beef and dairy herds during 2017-2018. A total of 325 animals in 25 herds, with 13 animals per herd, were sampled. A commercial competitive ELISA (cELISA) kit was used to detect N. caninum antibodies. Associated risk factors were analyzed in two different levels: individual animals and herds. For all the independent variables, chi-square (χ2) and Fisher tests were used to assess associations and significance. The overall estimated seropositivity was 20.6% (95%CI 16.2%-25.0%). The seroprevalence by herds was 92.0% ranging from 0.0% to 46.2%. Noteworthy, beef herds had significantly (p = 0.0107) higher seropositivity (50% of them above 35% of seropositivity) compared with those for milk purposes (4.8%) (OR = 20.0; 95%CI 1.2-331.0). Other risk factors were not significantly (p ≥ 0.05) associated with N. caninum seropositivity. Bovine neosporosis may be associated with abortions in both beef and dairy Colombian farms. More studies about the epidemiology, associated factors and consequences, as well as on tools for better diagnosis of bovine abortion, including histopathology and other ancillary tests, should be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel E Idarraga-Bedoya
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Sede Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Jaime Álvarez-Chica
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Sede Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - D Katterine Bonilla-Aldana
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Sede Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Semillero de Investigación en Zoonosis, Grupo de Investigacion BIOECOS, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Sede Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Public Health and infection Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Dadin Prando Moore
- Department of Animal Production, National Research Council, CP7620 Balcarce, Argentina
| | - Alfonso J Rodríguez-Morales
- Semillero de Investigación en Zoonosis, Grupo de Investigacion BIOECOS, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Sede Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Public Health and infection Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Department of Animal Production, National Research Council, CP7620 Balcarce, Argentina; Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundacion Universitaria Autonoma de las Americas, Sede Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia.
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26
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Octaviano J, Carneiro F, Redoan M, Alonso M, Fernandes C. Aborto infeccioso por Neospora spp. em equino ˗ relato de caso. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-11765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO O abortamento na espécie equina é responsável por grandes perdas econômicas e, entre as possíveis causas, está a neosporose, uma enfermidade que nem sempre é investigada como provável diagnóstico. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar um caso de aborto equino aos 129 dias de gestação, resultante da infecção por Neospora spp.. Amostras sanguíneas da égua e do feto abortado foram enviadas para um laboratório especializado. À necrópsia, constatou-se edema gelatinoso e hemorrágico em subcutâneo, fígado ictérico e friável com autólise de alguns órgãos, como baço, rins e glândulas adrenais. Fragmentos dos órgãos coletados na necrópsia foram submetidos à histopatologia e à pesquisa de agentes infecciosos, em que se identificou hepatite e epicardite não purulentas e onfalite purulenta, bem como exame positivo para Neospora spp. pela técnica de reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) convencional e Nested. O soro sanguíneo obtido da égua foi submetido à pesquisa de Neospora spp. pela técnica de imunofluorescência indireta, de herpesvírus por soroneutralização em cultura de células e de Leptospira sp. por PCR, todas com resultados negativos. Dessa forma, é importante considerar a neosporose como diagnóstico diferencial em casos de abortamento e natimortalidade, uma vez que a presença de cães nas propriedades é extremamente comum, representando uma importante fonte de infecção.
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27
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De Velasco-Reyes I, Cruz-Vázquez C, Medina-Esparza L, Vitela-Mendoza I, Ángel-Sahagún CA, Gómez-Leyva JF. Prevalence, Incidence, and Risk Factors for Infection by Neospora caninum in Dairy Farm Dogs in North-Central Mexico. J Parasitol 2020; 106:312-315. [PMID: 32330280 DOI: 10.1645/18-203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence and incidence of Neospora caninum infection in dogs that are in close contact with dairy cattle and to identify possible risk factors associated with the infection in this population. Twenty-four dogs located in 8 different dairy farms of Aguascalientes, Mexico, were evaluated for a 6-mo period. Once a month a sample of serum and a sample of peripheral blood was collected. The serum was used to detect antibodies against N. caninum by means of the indirect immunofluorescence technique, and the blood was used to detect parasite's DNA. The association between seroprevalence and possible risk factors was estimated using logistic regression. The prevalence of anti-N. caninum antibodies was 54% in the first month, 62% in the last month, and the incidence was 8.69%. One farm had no positive cases. Antibody titers ranged from 1:50 to 1:800. Parasite DNA was not detected in any of the samples. Only the age (>6 yr) of the dogs was identified as a risk factor for infection by N. caninum (P ≤ 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- I De Velasco-Reyes
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico El Llano Aguascalientes, Km. 18 carretera Aguascalientes, San Luis Potosí, El Llano, 20330, Aguascalientes, México
| | - C Cruz-Vázquez
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico El Llano Aguascalientes, Km. 18 carretera Aguascalientes, San Luis Potosí, El Llano, 20330, Aguascalientes, México
| | - L Medina-Esparza
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico El Llano Aguascalientes, Km. 18 carretera Aguascalientes, San Luis Potosí, El Llano, 20330, Aguascalientes, México
| | - I Vitela-Mendoza
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico El Llano Aguascalientes, Km. 18 carretera Aguascalientes, San Luis Potosí, El Llano, 20330, Aguascalientes, México
| | - C A Ángel-Sahagún
- División Ciencias de la Vida, Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, Universidad de Guanajuato. Ex Hacienda El Copal, km. 7 carretera Irapuato-Silao, 36500, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - J F Gómez-Leyva
- Instituto Tecnológico de Tlajomulco, Tecnológico Nacional de México. Km 10 carretera Tlajomulco, San Miguel Cuyutlán, 45640, Tlajomulco de Zúñiga, Jalisco, México
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Valencio BA, Alves BF, Bezerra RA, Vilela VLR, Feitosa TF, Amaku M, Azevedo SS, Gennari SM. Longitudinal study of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in female lambs from Paraíba State, Brazil. Small Rumin Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2020.106125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sato AP, Vaz FF, Konell AL, Koch MDO, Ferreira RF, Sipinski EAB, Dittrich RL. Survey of Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Sarcocystis neurona antibodies in wild red-tailed Amazon parrots (Amazona brasiliensis). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 29:e017519. [PMID: 32049146 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612019107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Sarcocystis neurona are obligate intracellular parasites within the phylum Apicomplexa. The red-tailed Amazon parrot (Amazona brasiliensis) is a near-threatened species of psittacine that is endemic to the Atlantic Forest of Brazil and has been designated as a bioindicator because of its sensitivity to environmental qualitative status and changes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of antibodies against T. gondii, N. caninum and S. neurona in wild red-tailed Amazon parrot nestlings on Rasa Island, Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 51 parrots and plasma samples were stored at - 20 °C until immunofluorescence antibody tests (IFAT) were performed. Antigen slides were prepared using tachyzoites of T. gondii (RH strain) and, N. caninum (NC-1 strain) and using merozoites of S. neurona (SNR37 strain). Plasma samples were tested at initial dilutions of 1:16 for T. gondii, 1:50 for N. caninum and 1:5 for S. neurona. An anti-chicken antibody conjugated with FITC was used as a secondary antibody at 1:50 dilution. No antibodies for any of these three protozoa were found, thus suggesting that these wild red-tailed Amazon parrot nestlings had not been exposed to these parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Sato
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
| | - Frederico Fontanelli Vaz
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Patologia Experimental e Comparada, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Aline Luiza Konell
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
| | - Marilia de Oliveira Koch
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
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Experimental infection by Neospora caninum in gerbil reduces activity of enzymes involved in energy metabolism. Exp Parasitol 2019; 208:107790. [PMID: 31697939 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2019.107790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Neospora caninum is a protozoan that has tropism for the central nervous system. The aim of this study was to determine whether experimental infection of gerbils would interfere with activity of enzymes associated with energy metabolism. We randomized 20 gerbils into two groups (ten animals per group): the control group (healthy animals; uninfected) and the infected group (experimentally infected with dose 7.8 × 102 tachyzoites of N. caninum per gerbil). On day six and twelve post-infection (PI), brain and spleen tissues were collected for biochemical and histopathological analyses. No histopathological lesions were observed in the brains of infected animals; however, inflammatory infiltrates were found in the spleen. Significantly greater levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were observed in the brain and spleen of infected gerbils than in the control group at 12 days PI. Cytosolic creatine kinase (CK-CYT), mitochondrial creatine kinase (CK-MIT), and pyruvate kinase (PK) activities were lower in the brains of infected gerbils than in those of the control group on day 12 PI. There was significantly less CK-CYT activity in the spleens of infected gerbils on day 6 and 12 PI. Finally, there was significantly less sodium-potassium ion pump (Na+/K+ ATPase) activity in the brains and spleens of infected gerbils on day 12 PI. These data suggest that experimental infection with N. caninum interfered with energy metabolism associated with ATP homeostasis in the brain and spleen, directly or indirectly, apparently mediated by ROS overproduction, contributing to inhibition of Na+/K+ ATPase activity.
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Minetto MK, Witter R, Oliveira ACSD, Minetto JA, Barros ML, Aguiar DMD, Pacheco RDC. Antibodies anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum in backyard pigs from the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 28:403-409. [PMID: 31390435 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612019050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To estimate the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum, using an indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA), and identify the risk factors associated, serum samples were collected from 1,070 pigs from 320 backyard pig farming in the of Mato Grosso state. The animal-level seroprevalence of T. gondii and N. caninum was 32.48% and 13.49%, respectively, with a herd seroprevalence of 55.63% for T. gondii and 27.81% for N. caninum. Feeding the animals with leftovers increases the probability of the presence of anti-T. gondii antibodies in pigs by 1.09-fold. Unlike to T. gondii, feeding with leftovers was found to be negatively associated with N. caninum seropositivity in farm-level analysis and in the animal-level model, so decreasing the chances of positivity. Yet, age was considered a risk factor for N. caninum seropositivity. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the impact of T. gondii infection on backyard pig farming production, and its importance as a source of toxoplasmosis infection in humans in the Mato Grosso state, as well as, the role of domestic pigs in the epidemiology of neosporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Make Kawatake Minetto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias - PPGVET, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária - FAVET, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMT, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil.,Instituto de Defesa Agropecuária do Estado de Mato Grosso - INDEA-MT, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil
| | - Rute Witter
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias - PPGVET, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária - FAVET, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMT, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil.,Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Rondônia - IFRO, Jaru, RO, Brasil
| | - Anderson Castro Soares de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias - PPGVET, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária - FAVET, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMT, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil
| | - João Augusto Minetto
- Instituto de Defesa Agropecuária do Estado de Mato Grosso - INDEA-MT, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil
| | - Marcelo Luís Barros
- Instituto de Defesa Agropecuária do Estado de Mato Grosso - INDEA-MT, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil
| | - Daniel Moura de Aguiar
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias - PPGVET, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária - FAVET, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMT, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil
| | - Richard de Campos Pacheco
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias - PPGVET, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária - FAVET, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMT, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil
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Zanatto DCS, Gatto IRH, Labruna MB, Jusi MMG, Samara SI, Machado RZ, André MR. Coxiella burnetii associated with BVDV (Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus), BoHV (Bovine Herpesvirus), Leptospira spp., Neospora caninum, Toxoplasma gondii and Trypanosoma vivax in reproductive disorders in cattle. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 28:245-257. [PMID: 31215610 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612019032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
This is a cross-sectional study to assess the presence of antibodies in ruminants against selected pathogens associated with reproductive disorders in cattle in four Brazilian states, including the zoonotic agent Coxiella burnetii. The used tests were Virus Neutralization Assay for IBR and BVD, Microscopic Agglutination Test for Leptospira spp., Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test (IFAT) for C. burnetii and Toxoplasma gondii, and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Neospora caninum and Trypanosoma vivax. Seropositivity for C. burnetii was 13.7% with titers from 128 to 131,072; 57.8% for BoHV-1, with titers between 2 and 1,024; 47.1% for BVDV-1a, with titers from 10 to 5,120; 89.2% for N. caninum; 50% for T. vivax; and 52.0% for Leptospira spp., with titers between 100 to 800 (the following serovars were found: Tarassovi, Grippotyphosa, Canicola, Copenhageni, Wolffi, Hardjo, Pomona and Icterohaemorrhagiae); 19.6% for T. gondii with titer of 40. This is the first study that has identified C. burnetii in cattle associated with BoHV and BVDV, N. caninum, Leptospira spp., T. gondii and T. vivax. Thus, future studies should be conducted to investigate how widespread this pathogen is in Brazilian cattle herds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Carlos Souza Zanatto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agropecuária, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil.,Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Igor Renan Honorato Gatto
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Marcelo Bahia Labruna
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Universidade de São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Samir Issa Samara
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Rosangela Zacarias Machado
- Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Marcos Rogério André
- Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
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Romo-Gallegos JM, Cruz-Vázquez C, Medina-Esparza L, Ramos-Parra M, Romero-Salas D. Prevalence and risk factors of Neospora caninum infection in ovine flocks of central-western Mexico. Acta Vet Hung 2019; 67:51-59. [PMID: 30922091 DOI: 10.1556/004.2019.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study, carried out in 13 sheep flocks of central-western Mexico, aimed to identify the prevalence of anti-N. caninum antibodies, to develop a risk analysis of the infection and to estimate the prevalence of parasite DNA in blood. A total of 368 serum and blood samples were subjected to ELISA and PCR tests, respectively, and the association between the prevalence of antibodies and some management factors was estimated. The overall prevalence of anti-N. caninum antibodies was 13.5% [50/368; 95% confidence interval (CI) 10-17], ranging from 2.7 to 90% per flock, and 92% of the farms had seropositive animals. In ewes the prevalence was 14% (48/348, 95% CI 10-17) and in rams 10% (2/20; 95% CI 1- 33). The mean prevalence of Neospora DNA in blood was 27% (99/368, 95% CI 22-31), implying a range between 16 and 82%. In rams, the prevalence was 5% (1/20 95% CI 2-26), while in ewes it was 28% (98/348, 95% CI 23-33). The agreement between the tests was k = 0.19. The presence of other domestic animal species in the farms [odds ratio (OR) 4.4] and the consumption of placental debris, fetuses and stillborn lambs by dogs living in the farms (OR 5.8) were demonstrated to be risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Manuel Romo-Gallegos
- 1 Technological Institute of the Llano Aguascalientes, Km. 18 carretera Aguascalientes, San Luis Potosí, El Llano, 20330 Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Carlos Cruz-Vázquez
- 1 Technological Institute of the Llano Aguascalientes, Km. 18 carretera Aguascalientes, San Luis Potosí, El Llano, 20330 Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Leticia Medina-Esparza
- 1 Technological Institute of the Llano Aguascalientes, Km. 18 carretera Aguascalientes, San Luis Potosí, El Llano, 20330 Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Miguel Ramos-Parra
- 1 Technological Institute of the Llano Aguascalientes, Km. 18 carretera Aguascalientes, San Luis Potosí, El Llano, 20330 Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Dora Romero-Salas
- 2 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, University of Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico
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de Aquino Diniz LV, Minutti AF, de Souza Lima Nino B, Costa LR, Bosculo MRM, de Almeida BFM, Garcia JL, de Barros LD. Vertical transmission of Neospora caninum in bovine fetuses from a slaughterhouse in Brazil. Trop Anim Health Prod 2019; 51:1751-1755. [PMID: 30706331 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-019-01828-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neospora caninum is considered as one of the main causes of reproductive failure in cattle. Vertical transmission is the main route of infection in the bovine host and plays an important role in maintaining the parasite in the herd. Molecular detection of N. caninum is important to determine the occurrence of the disease and to evaluate the genetic diversity of the parasite. The present study aimed at assessing the vertical transmission of N. caninum using molecular techniques to detect the parasite in tissue samples from bovine fetuses collected in a slaughterhouse in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Seventy fetuses and 70 blood samples from pregnant cows were collected in a slaughtering line. Fresh samples of heart and brain tissue from fetuses were analyzed using molecular assays. Serum samples from fetuses and cows were subjected to an indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) to detect antibodies against N. caninum. Nested PCR targeting the internal transcriber 1 (ITS1) region of the protozoan organism was used in the molecular testing. From the total of fetuses examined, 71.42% were positive for N. caninum by PCR. A higher number of heart samples (47.1%) were positive for the parasite using this technique. Antibodies against the protozoa were detected in 12.9% of serum samples of cows; 2.8% of fetuses were seropositive for this pathogen. Our results show that vertical transmission of N. caninum occurs in cattle from this region of Brazil, and that the use of different diagnostic techniques contributes to successful diagnosis of congenital transmission of the parasite in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanna Vivien de Aquino Diniz
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculdades Integradas de Ourinhos, Rodovia BR 153, Km 338+420m, Ourinhos, SP, 19909-100, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Minutti
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Animal Protozoology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 km 380, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Beatriz de Souza Lima Nino
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Animal Protozoology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 km 380, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Letícia Ramos Costa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculdades Integradas de Ourinhos, Rodovia BR 153, Km 338+420m, Ourinhos, SP, 19909-100, Brazil
| | - Maria Rachel Melo Bosculo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculdades Integradas de Ourinhos, Rodovia BR 153, Km 338+420m, Ourinhos, SP, 19909-100, Brazil
| | | | - João Luis Garcia
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Animal Protozoology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 km 380, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Luiz Daniel de Barros
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculdades Integradas de Ourinhos, Rodovia BR 153, Km 338+420m, Ourinhos, SP, 19909-100, Brazil. .,Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Animal Protozoology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 km 380, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil.
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Moreira TR, Sarturi C, Stelmachtchuk FN, Andersson E, Norlander E, de Oliveira FLC, Machado Portela J, Marcili A, Emanuelson U, Gennari SM, Minervino AHH. Prevalence of antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora spp. in equids of Western Pará, Brazil. Acta Trop 2019; 189:39-45. [PMID: 30267659 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora spp. in equids raised for distinct purposes in the western state of Pará, Brazil, and to identify potential risk factors associated with parasite infection. A cross-sectional study was conducted with cluster sampling in 101 farms from 18 municipalities (farm horses). In visited municipalities, samples from sport and cart horses were included. Serum was obtained for detecting antibodies against T. gondii and Neospora spp. using indirect fluorescent antibody test, with a cut-off point of 1:64 and 1:50, respectively. Association analysis, using the chi-square test, was performed to evaluate possible risk factors related to the prevalence of antibodies. A total of 1298 equids were sampled (947 farm, 240 sport, and 111 cart horses), including 1244 horses, 2 donkeys, and 52 mules. The number of equids sampled per property ranged from 1 to 49. Of the total examined, 134 (10.3%) had antibodies against T. gondii, and of the 18 municipalities visited, 11 (61%) had at least one positive animal. Seventy-three of the 1298 equids (5.62%) from 44% of the municipalities tested positive for Neospora spp. The type of the animal (farm, sport, or carthorse) was not associated with the prevalence of antibodies against T. gondii; however, antibodies against Neospora spp. was more prevalent in carthorses (P = 0.001) (13.5%) than in farm (5.0%) and sport (4.6%) horses. Breed of the horse and the presence of cats were risk factors for the prevalence of antibodies against T. gondii, and presence of dogs was a risk factor for the prevalence of antibodies against Neospora spp. This is the first report of seropositive equids for T. gondii and Neospora spp. in the state of Pará contributing to the knowledge on epidemiology of the two parasites.
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Cosendey RIJ, de Oliveira FCR, Frazão-Teixeira E, de Souza GN, Brandão FZ, Ferreira AMR, Lilenbaum W. Seroprevalence of anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in sheep from the rapidly expanding flock of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY- REGIONAL STUDIES AND REPORTS 2018; 14:59-62. [PMID: 31014738 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Neosporosis is primarily a disease of cattle and dogs, but Neospora caninum has been linked to abortion and neonatal mortality in sheep. Since the economic, clinical and epidemiological importance of the infection in sheep remains uncertain, this work investigated the seroprevalence of anti-N. caninum antibodies and associated factors in the rapidly expanding flock of Rio de Janeiro state. Blood samples from 388 sheep of 12 farms were collected and sera tested by a commercial Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Seroprevalence at the animal-level was of 6.2% (24/388) and, at the herd-level, 50% (6/12) of the studied farms had at least one seropositive animal. Multivariate analysis detected that occasional veterinary assistance (P < 0.05) was significantly associated to higher seroprevalence, which is also associated to age (P < 0.001) and gender (P < 0.0001). Farmers' investments should focus on making technical assistance more frequent and future studies should assess the association of veterinary assistance with anti-N. caninum antibodies in sheep flocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- R I J Cosendey
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Laboratório de Bacteriologia Veterinária, Niterói, RJ 24210-130, Brazil
| | - F C R de Oliveira
- Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Laboratório de Sanidade Animal, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ 28013-602, Brazil
| | - E Frazão-Teixeira
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fiocruz, Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-361, Brazil.
| | - G N de Souza
- EMBRAPA Gado de Leite, Juiz de Fora, MG 36038-330, Brazil
| | - F Z Brandão
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Departamento de Patologia Clínica e Reprodução, Niterói, RJ 24230-340, Brazil
| | - A M R Ferreira
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Departamento de Patologia Clínica e Reprodução, Niterói, RJ 24230-340, Brazil
| | - W Lilenbaum
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Laboratório de Bacteriologia Veterinária, Niterói, RJ 24210-130, Brazil
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Snak A, Garcia FG, Lara AA, Pena HFJ, Osaki SC. Neospora caninum in properties in the west region of Paraná, Brazil: prevalence and risk factors. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2018; 27:52-60. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612018001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Neospora caninum is a heteroxenous protozoa, whose definitive hosts are canids and intermediate hosts are herbivores, and is of great importance in cattle. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of N. caninum in dairy cattle and dogs, to detect the presence of the protozoa at the molecular level in aborted fetuses, and to identify the risk factors associated with infection in properties in the western region of the state of Paraná. For this study, 600 bovine serum samples from 60 properties, 163 canine serum samples from 52 properties and 17 bovine fetuses from nine properties were collected. Data were collected using an epidemiological questionnaire to verify the risk factors. Serum samples were analyzed using the indirect fluorescent antibody test. Fetal tissues were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction and subsequent DNA sequencing. Of the bovine samples, 23.67% were positive for N. caninum. Among the canine samples, 11.66% were positive for N. caninum. Risk factors in cattle were history of abortion, low milk production, extensive breeding, and Jersey breed (p<0.05). Protozoan DNA was detected in 52.94% of the 17 fetuses and the sequencing presented high similarity with N. caninum.
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