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Jing X, Deng Y. ADCYAP1 as a pan-solid cancer biomarker: predictor of immunotherapy efficacy in bladder cancer and prognostic potential across solid tumors. Discov Oncol 2025; 16:593. [PMID: 40266460 PMCID: PMC12018663 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-025-02408-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2025] [Indexed: 04/24/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ADCYAP1 has been identified with potential effects ranging from tumor growth activation to inhibition. However, it remains unknown whether ADCYAP1 plays a substantial role across pan-cancer. METHODS The potential roles of ADCYAP1 in 33 different tumors were analyzed based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We investigated the expression levels, mutations, survival rates, DNA methylation, and immune cell infiltration associated with ADCYAP1. In addition, we analyzed immunotherapy response data from the Tumor Immunotherapy Gene Expression Resource (TIGER) database and previously reported studies. RESULTS In general, high expression of ADCYAP1 has been linked to poor OS in the TCGA Bladder urothelial carcinoma cohort (BLCA) (p = 0.003), Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) cohort (p = 0.002), and Uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) cohort (p = 0.032). However, the opposite association was observed in the Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) cohort (p = 0.034), Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) cohort (p < 0.0001), and Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) cohort (p = 0.027). Notably, the BLCA and UCEC samples showed a higher frequency of ADCYAP1 mutations compared to others. Our results suggested that the level of ADCYAP1 methylation can serve as a prognostic factor for OS in patients with STAD and UCEC. The analysis of six cancer immunotherapy(CIT) response datasets showed that ADCYAP1 has predictive value for immunotherapy response in BLCA. CONCLUSIONS There is a potential correlation between ADCYAP1 and tumor immunity. Consequently, we propose that ADCYAP1 could potentially serve as a valuable prognostic biomarker for BLCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Jing
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No.20, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 61004, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Disease of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, No.20, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 61004, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Deng
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No.20, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 61004, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Disease of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, No.20, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 61004, Sichuan, China.
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Medici F, Ferioli M, Zamfir AA, Buwenge M, Macchia G, Deodato F, Castellucci P, Tagliaferri L, Perrone AM, De Iaco P, Strigari L, Bazzocchi A, Rizzo SMR, Donati CM, Arcelli A, Fanti S, Morganti AG, Cilla S. Integrating Novel and Classical Prognostic Factors in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer: A Machine Learning-Based Predictive Model (ESTHER Study). J Pers Med 2025; 15:153. [PMID: 40278332 PMCID: PMC12029003 DOI: 10.3390/jpm15040153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2025] [Revised: 04/03/2025] [Accepted: 04/11/2025] [Indexed: 04/26/2025] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective: This study aimed to assess the prognostic significance of pretreatment nutritional and systemic inflammatory indices (IIs), and body composition parameters in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) treated with chemoradiation and brachytherapy. The goal was to identify key predictors of clinical outcomes, such as local control (LC), metastasis-free survival (MFS), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS), using machine learning techniques. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of 173 patients with LACC treated between 2007 and 2021 was conducted. The study utilized machine learning techniques, including LASSO regression and Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis, to identify significant predictors of outcomes. Clinical data, tumor-related parameters, and treatment factors, along with IIs and body composition metrics (e.g., sarcopenic obesity), were incorporated into the models. Model performance was evaluated using ROC curves and AUC values. Results: Among 173 patients, hemoglobin (Hb) levels, ECOG performance status, and total protein emerged as primary prognostic indicators across multiple endpoints. For 2-year LC, patients with Hb > 11.9 g/dL had a rate of 95.1% compared to 73.6% in those with lower levels, with further stratification by ECOG status, ANRI, and total protein refining predictions. For 5-year LC, rates were 83.1% for Hb > 11.5 g/dL and 43.3% for lower levels. For 2-year MFS, ECOG 0 patients had an 88.1% rate compared to 73.8% for ECOG ≥ 1. In 2-year OS, Hb > 11.9 g/dL predicted a 95.1% rate, while ≤11.9 g/dL correlated with 74.0%. IIs (ANRI, SIRI, MLR) demonstrated predictive value only within specific patient subgroups defined by the primary prognostic indicators. The model showed strong predictive accuracy, with AUCs ranging from 0.656 for 2-year MFS to 0.851 for 2-year OS. Conclusions: These findings underscore the value of integrating traditional prognostic factors with emerging markers to enhance risk stratification in LACC. The use of machine learning techniques like LASSO and CART demonstrated strong predictive capabilities, highlighting their potential to refine individualized treatment strategies. Prospective validation of these models is warranted to confirm their utility in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Medici
- Département de Radiothérapie, Gustave Roussy, 94 805 Villejuif, France;
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (C.M.D.); (A.A.); (A.G.M.)
| | - Martina Ferioli
- Radiation Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria di Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Arina Alexandra Zamfir
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (C.M.D.); (A.A.); (A.G.M.)
| | - Milly Buwenge
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.B.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.)
| | - Gabriella Macchia
- Radiotherapy Unit, Responsible Research Hospital, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (G.M.); (F.D.)
| | - Francesco Deodato
- Radiotherapy Unit, Responsible Research Hospital, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (G.M.); (F.D.)
| | - Paolo Castellucci
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (P.C.); (S.F.)
| | - Luca Tagliaferri
- UOC di Radioterapia Oncologica, Dipartimento Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy;
| | - Anna Myriam Perrone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.B.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.)
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Pierandrea De Iaco
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.B.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.)
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Lidia Strigari
- Department of Medical Physics, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Alberto Bazzocchi
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Stefania M. R. Rizzo
- Service of Radiology, Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), CH-6500 Lugano, Switzerland;
| | - Costanza Maria Donati
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (C.M.D.); (A.A.); (A.G.M.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.B.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.)
| | - Alessandra Arcelli
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (C.M.D.); (A.A.); (A.G.M.)
| | - Stefano Fanti
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (P.C.); (S.F.)
| | - Alessio Giuseppe Morganti
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (C.M.D.); (A.A.); (A.G.M.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.B.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.)
| | - Savino Cilla
- Medical Physics Unit, Responsible Research Hospital, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
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Diamantopoulos PT, Gkoufa A, Anastasopoulou A, Kouzis P, Lyrarakis G, Kyriakakis G, Gogas H. Exploring the Dynamics of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Eosinophilia in Advanced/Metastatic Melanoma: A Comprehensive Retrospective Analysis. Cancer Med 2025; 14:e70679. [PMID: 40145321 PMCID: PMC11947752 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.70679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 01/23/2025] [Accepted: 01/31/2025] [Indexed: 03/28/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune-related eosinophilia has emerged as an adverse event associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Its prevalence, severity, duration, clinical significance, diagnostic approach, and management remain unexplored. METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of melanoma patient records at a university referral center. Our analysis encompassed the incidence of eosinophilia, baseline disease characteristics, treatment modalities, peak eosinophil counts, associated symptoms, diagnostic procedures, management strategies, disease course, and prognostic implications. RESULTS A total of 308 patients were included. Eosinophilia was present in 21.4%, and there was no association with gender, age, histologic type, stage, or BRAF mutation status. The median time interval from treatment initiation to the eosinophilia onset was 56 days, the median eosinophil count at first presentation was 0.70 × 109/L, and the maximum eosinophil count was 1.02 × 109/L. The rate of eosinophilia was significantly higher in patients treated with nivolumab plus bempegaldesleukin (50.0%), followed by nivolumab plus ipilimumab (21.7%). Symptomatic patients and/or patients with hypereosinophilia were assessed for organ involvement and for the identification of the cause of eosinophilia. Patients requiring medical intervention were managed with corticosteroids or antihistamines. Eosinophilia relapsed in 31.8% when rechallenged. While non-significant, there was a numeric trend for longer overall survival in patients with eosinophilia (42.6 vs. 27.9 months, p = 0.178). CONCLUSIONS This study marks the first comprehensive approach of the relationship between the type of immunotherapy and the incidence of eosinophilia in melanoma patients. It also delves into the patients' baseline characteristics, diagnostic assessment, management, and prognosis, providing useful guidance for physicians treating patients with ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis T. Diamantopoulos
- First Department of Internal MedicineLaikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Aikaterini Gkoufa
- First Department of Internal MedicineLaikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Amalia Anastasopoulou
- First Department of Internal MedicineLaikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Panagiotis Kouzis
- First Department of Internal MedicineLaikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Georgios Lyrarakis
- First Department of Internal MedicineLaikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Georgios Kyriakakis
- First Department of Internal MedicineLaikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Helen Gogas
- First Department of Internal MedicineLaikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
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4
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Manger I, Schmitt C, Berking C, French LE, Vera-Gonzalez J, Heinzerling L. Association of HLA-A*02:01 type with efficacy and toxicity of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in melanoma patients: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Cancer 2025; 25:565. [PMID: 40155873 PMCID: PMC11954185 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-025-13857-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2025] [Indexed: 04/01/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are highly effective but may induce severe or even fatal and unpredictable immune-related adverse events (irAEs). It is unclear whether human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes contribute to the susceptibility of developing irAEs during ICI therapy. METHODS This multicentre retrospective study investigated the association of irAE and outcome with HLA-A*02:01 status in a cohort of 97 patients with metastatic melanoma undergoing ICI therapy. Organ-specific irAEs and therapy outcome as assessed by response rate, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analysed depending on HLA type HLA-A*02:01. For the outcome only patients with cutaneous melanoma were analysed. Chi square test, exact fisher test, Kruskal Wallis test and log rank test were employed for statistical analysis (p ≤ 0.05). RESULTS The cohort included 38 HLA-A*02:01 positive (39.2%) and 59 HLA-A*02:01 negative (60.8%) patients. Data showed no evidence of an association of HLA-A*02:01 with organ-specific irAEs except for a numerical difference in immune-related colitis. Furthermore, response rates of the subgroup of patients with metastatic cutaneous melanoma did not differ between the two cohorts. The median PFS was 5 months and 8 months in HLA-A*02:01 positive and negative patients with cutaneous melanoma, respectively. CONCLUSION HLA-A*02:01 was not associated with specific checkpoint inhibitor-induced organ toxicity in this cohort of HLA-A-typed melanoma patients. Interestingly, in the relatively small subgroup of patients with cutaneous melanoma an earlier progression in HLA-A*02:01 positive patients was observed, however not in the long term. These findings are exploratory due to the limited sample size and require validation in larger, prospective cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Manger
- Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Uniklinikum Erlangen, CCC Erlangen-EMN, CCC WERA, Erlangen, Germany
- Bavarian Centre for Cancer Research (BZKF), Uniklinikum Erlangen and LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christina Schmitt
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Centre for Cancer Research (BZKF), Uniklinikum Erlangen and LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Carola Berking
- Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Uniklinikum Erlangen, CCC Erlangen-EMN, CCC WERA, Erlangen, Germany
- Bavarian Centre for Cancer Research (BZKF), Uniklinikum Erlangen and LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lars E French
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Centre for Cancer Research (BZKF), Uniklinikum Erlangen and LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Dr. Philip Frost, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Julio Vera-Gonzalez
- Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Uniklinikum Erlangen, CCC Erlangen-EMN, CCC WERA, Erlangen, Germany
- Bavarian Centre for Cancer Research (BZKF), Uniklinikum Erlangen and LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lucie Heinzerling
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Bavarian Centre for Cancer Research (BZKF), Uniklinikum Erlangen and LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Department of Dermatology, LMU University Hospital Munich, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, Munich, D-80337, Germany.
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5
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Omero F, Speranza D, Murdaca G, Cavaleri M, Marafioti M, Cianci V, Berretta M, Casciaro M, Gangemi S, Santarpia M. The Role of Eosinophils, Eosinophil-Related Cytokines and AI in Predicting Immunotherapy Efficacy in NSCLC Cancer. Biomolecules 2025; 15:491. [PMID: 40305195 PMCID: PMC12024677 DOI: 10.3390/biom15040491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2025] [Accepted: 03/25/2025] [Indexed: 05/02/2025] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy and chemoimmunotherapy are standard treatments for non-oncogene-addicted advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Currently, a limited number of biomarkers, including programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, microsatellite instability (MSI), and tumor mutational burden (TMB), are used in clinical practice to predict benefits from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). It is therefore necessary to search for novel biomarkers that could be helpful to identify patients who respond to immunotherapy. In this context, research efforts are focusing on different cells and mechanisms involved in anti-tumor immune response. Herein, we provide un updated literature review on the role of eosinophils in cancer development and immune response, and the functions of some cytokines, including IL-31 and IL-33, in eosinophil activation. We discuss available data demonstrating a correlation between eosinophils and clinical outcomes of ICIs in lung cancer. In this context, we underscore the role of absolute eosinophil count (AEC) and tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia (TATE) as promising biomarkers able to predict the efficacy and toxicities from immunotherapy. The role of eosinophils and cytokines in NSCLC, treated with ICIs, is not yet fully understood, and further research may be crucial to determine their role as biomarkers of response. Artificial intelligence, through the analysis of big data, could be exploited in the future to elucidate the role of eosinophils and cytokines in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fausto Omero
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology “G. Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.O.); (D.S.); (M.C.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Desirèe Speranza
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology “G. Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.O.); (D.S.); (M.C.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Murdaca
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Mariacarmela Cavaleri
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology “G. Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.O.); (D.S.); (M.C.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Mariapia Marafioti
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology “G. Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.O.); (D.S.); (M.C.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Vincenzo Cianci
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 1, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Massimiliano Berretta
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Marco Casciaro
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (M.C.); (S.G.)
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (M.C.); (S.G.)
| | - Mariacarmela Santarpia
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology “G. Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.O.); (D.S.); (M.C.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
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Park SY, Pylaeva E, Bhuria V, Gambardella AR, Schiavoni G, Mougiakakos D, Kim SH, Jablonska J. Harnessing myeloid cells in cancer. Mol Cancer 2025; 24:69. [PMID: 40050933 PMCID: PMC11887392 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-025-02249-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2025] [Indexed: 03/09/2025] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated myeloid cells due to their plasticity play dual roles in both promoting and inhibiting tumor progression. Myeloid cells with immunosuppressive properties play a critical role in anti-cancer immune regulation. Cells of different origin, such as tumor associated macrophages (TAMs), tumor associated neutrophils (TANs), myeloid derived suppressor cells (also called MDSCs) and eosinophils are often expanded in cancer patients and significantly influence their survival, but also the outcome of anti-cancer therapies. For this reason, the variety of preclinical and clinical studies to modulate the activity of these cells have been conducted, however without successful outcome to date. In this review, pro-tumor activity of myeloid cells, myeloid cell-specific therapeutic targets, in vivo studies on myeloid cell re-polarization and the impact of myeloid cells on immunotherapies/genetic engineering are addressed. This paper also summarizes ongoing clinical trials and the concept of chimeric antigen receptor macrophage (CAR-M) therapies, and suggests future research perspectives, offering new opportunities in the development of novel clinical treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Yeon Park
- Cancer Molecular Target Herbal Research Lab, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ekaterina Pylaeva
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, Essen, 45147, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Düsseldorf/Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Vikas Bhuria
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Cell Therapy, Otto-Von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Giovanna Schiavoni
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Dimitrios Mougiakakos
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Cell Therapy, Otto-Von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- Cancer Molecular Target Herbal Research Lab, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jadwiga Jablonska
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, Essen, 45147, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Düsseldorf/Essen, Essen, Germany.
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7
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Akgüner G. Methodological and conceptual considerations for examining the α-FAtE scoring in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. J Immunother Cancer 2025; 13:e010840. [PMID: 39762083 PMCID: PMC11749869 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2024-010840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2024] [Accepted: 12/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2025] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Güner Akgüner
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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8
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Wagner M, Nishikawa H, Koyasu S. Reinventing type 2 immunity in cancer. Nature 2025; 637:296-303. [PMID: 39780006 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08194-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 10/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025]
Abstract
Our understanding of type 2 immunity has undergone a substantial transformation in recent years, revealing previously unknown functions. Beyond its canonical role in defence against parasitic helminth infections, type 2 immunity safeguards the host through additional mechanisms, including the suppression of excessive type 1 immune responses, regulation of tissue repair and maintenance of adipose tissue homeostasis. However, unlike type 1 immune responses, type 2 immunity is perceived as a potential promoter of tumorigenesis. Emerging evidence challenges this perspective, painting a more nuanced picture in which type 2 immunity might protect against or even actively suppress tumour growth and progression. In this Review, we explore discoveries that highlight the potential of type 2 immunity in reshaping the landscape of cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Wagner
- Innate Immunity Research Group, Life Sciences and Biotechnology Center, Łukasiewicz Research Network-PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Hiroyoshi Nishikawa
- Department of Immunology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Division of Cancer Immunology, Research Institute/EPOC, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeo Koyasu
- Laboratory for Immune Cell Systems, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.
- National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan.
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9
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Rui-Chang Z, Hui-Zi P, Lin Z. The causal relationships of granulocytes and melanoma skin cancer: A univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study. Skin Res Technol 2024; 30:e70007. [PMID: 39149884 PMCID: PMC11327865 DOI: 10.1111/srt.70007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence has revealed that granulocyte has a critical role in tumorigenesis and progression. In this study, Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was utilized for estimating the causal association between neutrophil percentage and melanoma skin cancer, eosinophil percentage and melanoma skin cancer, basophil percentage and melanoma skin cancer, respectively. METHODS The Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) ids for melanoma skin cancer, neutrophil percentage, eosinophil percentage and basophil percentage were derived from Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) Open GWAS database. The univariable MR (UVMR) analysis was conducted to estimate the risk using MR-Egger, weighted median, inverse variance weighted (IVW). In addition, sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the reliability of UVMR results. Finally, the multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis was performed to investigate causality between neutrophil percentage and eosinophil percentage in the presence of both and melanoma skin cancer. RESULTS The UVMR indicated that neutrophil percentage and eosinophil percentage were significantly and causally related to melanoma skin cancer, with neutrophil percentage [p = 0.025, odds ratio (OR) = 1.002] as a risk factor and eosinophil percentage (p = 7.04E-06, OR = 0.997) as a protective factor. Moreover, MVMR analysis indicated eosinophil percentage remained the protective factor (p = 0.003, OR = 0.998), while the causality of neutrophil percentage and melanoma skin cancer became insignificant (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION The causal relationships of neutrophil percentage and melanoma skin cancer, eosinophil percentage and melanoma skin cancer were shown by this study, which provided a reference for subsequent research and treatment related to melanoma skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Rui-Chang
- Department of Cosmetic Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shannxi, China
| | - Peng Hui-Zi
- Department of Cosmetic Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shannxi, China
| | - Zhou Lin
- Department of Cosmetic Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shannxi, China
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Gambale E, Maruzzo M, Messina C, De Gennaro Aquino I, Vascotto IA, Rossi V, Bimbatti D, Cavasin N, Messina M, Mennitto A, Rebuzzi SE, Nasso C, Mercinelli C, Maiorano BA, Fanelli M, Sorarù M, Scolari F, Mela MM, Galli L, Salfi A, Rizzo M, Puglisi S, Orlando V, Fornarini G, Rametta A, Giannatempo P, Cerbone L, Doni L, Roviello G, Pillozzi S, Antonuzzo L. Neutrophil-to-Eosinophil Ratio Predicts the Efficacy of Avelumab in Patients With Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma Enrolled in the MALVA Study (Meet-URO 25). Clin Genitourin Cancer 2024; 22:102099. [PMID: 38776583 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2024.102099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophil-to-eosinophil ratio (NER) has been described to be associated with outcomes to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in several tumor types, but less is known about its role of in the response to avelumab in advanced urothelial cancer (aUC). Thus, we reported outcomes by NER of aUC patients treated with avelumab as maintenance after initial response to platinum-based chemotherapy and enrolled in the Maintenance with AVeLumAb ([MALVA] in advanced urothelial neoplasms in response to first-line chemotherapy: an observational retrospective study) study (Meet-URO 25). PATIENTS AND METHODS Median NER at baseline and after 3 cycles of avelumab were calculated. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) by NER were reported. RESULTS At the cutoff date (April 15, 2023), a total of 109 patients were included. The median NER was 28.05 at baseline and 24.46 after 3 cycles of avelumab, respectively. Median PFS was not reached for patients with baseline NER less than the median ( CONCLUSION
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Gambale
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Careggi University Hospital, Clinical Oncology, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Maruzzo
- Oncology Unit 1, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IOV - IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Carlo Messina
- Ospedale Arnas Civico, Clinical Oncology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Irene De Gennaro Aquino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Careggi University Hospital, Clinical Oncology, Florence, Italy
| | - Ismaela Anna Vascotto
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Careggi University Hospital, Clinical Oncology, Florence, Italy
| | - Virginia Rossi
- Careggi University Hospital, Clinical Oncology, Florence, Italy
| | - Davide Bimbatti
- Oncology Unit 1, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IOV - IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Nicolò Cavasin
- Oncology Unit 1, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IOV - IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Messina
- Ospedale Arnas Civico, Clinical Oncology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessia Mennitto
- University Hospital Maggiore della Carità, Division of Oncology, Novara, Italy
| | - Sara Elena Rebuzzi
- Ospedale San Paolo, Medical Oncology Unit, Savona, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (Di.M.I.), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Cecilia Nasso
- Medical Oncology, Ospedale Santa Corona, 17027 Pietra Ligure, Italy
| | - Chiara Mercinelli
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Medical Oncology Unit 2, Pisa, Italy; Department of Medical Oncology, IRRCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Brigida Anna Maiorano
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRRCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy; Oncology Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo
| | - Martina Fanelli
- University Hospital of Udine, Department of Oncology, Udine, Italy
| | - Mariella Sorarù
- Ospedale di Camposampiero, U.O. Oncologia, Camposampiero, Italy
| | - Federico Scolari
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Luca Galli
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Medical Oncology Unit 2, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessia Salfi
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Medical Oncology Unit 2, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mimma Rizzo
- Oncologia Medica Universitaria Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico di Bari piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari
| | | | | | | | - Alessandro Rametta
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Giacomo Venezian 1, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Giannatempo
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Giacomo Venezian 1, Milan, Italy
| | - Linda Cerbone
- Department of Medical Oncology, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Doni
- Careggi University Hospital, Clinical Oncology, Florence, Italy
| | - Giandomenico Roviello
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Serena Pillozzi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Careggi University Hospital, Clinical Oncology, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Antonuzzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Careggi University Hospital, Clinical Oncology, Florence, Italy
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11
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Yoshimura A, Nagahara A, Ishizuya Y, Yamamoto Y, Hatano K, Kawashima A, Nakai Y, Nakayama M, Nishimura K, Nonomura N, Kato T. The prognostic impact of peripheral blood eosinophil counts in metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients treated with nivolumab. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:111. [PMID: 38780659 PMCID: PMC11116198 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-024-01370-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have gained approval for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), the response rate is still limited. Therefore, it is urgent to explore novel markers of responses to ICIs that can help assess clinical benefits. Recently, it has been noted that peripheral blood eosinophil counts are an independent factor correlated with clinical outcome of ICIs in some types of cancer. We investigated peripheral blood absolute eosinophil counts (AECs) at baseline and 4 weeks after the initiation of nivolumab for mRCC patients between February 2016 and May 2022. In addition, we examined clinicopathological features including irAEs and analyzed the correlation between AECs and clinical efficacy of nivolumab. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) for all patients were 5.7 and 25.5 months, respectively. The median AECs in patients with irAEs were significantly higher at baseline and 4 weeks after the treatment compared to those without irAEs (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001). With the cutoff value of AECs of 329 cells/µL at 4 weeks after the treatment for prediction of irAEs, high-AECs groups had significantly higher number of responders compared with that in low-AECs group (p < 0.001). Accordingly, the PFS and OS were significantly better in patients with high-AECs group than those in low-AECs group (p = 0.03 and p = 0.009). High-AECs at 4 weeks after the treatment serve as the prominent surrogate marker associated with the incidence of irAEs and better clinical outcome in mRCC patients receiving nivolumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Yoshimura
- Departments of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akira Nagahara
- Department of Urology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yu Ishizuya
- Departments of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Yamamoto
- Departments of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Koji Hatano
- Departments of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Atsunari Kawashima
- Departments of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasutomo Nakai
- Department of Urology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masashi Nakayama
- Department of Urology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuo Nishimura
- Department of Urology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norio Nonomura
- Departments of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Taigo Kato
- Departments of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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12
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Brand CL, Hunger RE, Seyed Jafari SM. Eosinophilic granulocytes as a potential prognostic marker for cancer progression and therapeutic response in malignant melanoma. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1366081. [PMID: 38756652 PMCID: PMC11096470 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1366081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The importance of eosinophilic granulocytes in cancer has been widely discussed in recent years. The current study reviews the evidence on the role of eosinophilic granulocytes in melanoma as a prognostic marker for cancer progression and the efficacy of treatment with modern immune checkpoint inhibitors. A total of 33 human clinical studies were included in the review, with heterogeneous data due to differences in patients populations, study design and inclusion of small study groups. However, 28 of the 33 studies suggested that eosinophilic granulocytes could be used as a prognostic biomarker for outcome and/or potential response to systemic treatment and/or occurrence of adverse events in melanoma patients. Nevertheless, the exact role of eosinophils remains to be elucidated. Further prospective, larger and better controlled studies are warranted to clarify the significance of eosinophilic granulocytes in patients with melanoma, in more details.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Seyed Morteza Seyed Jafari
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital of Bern, University Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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13
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Vacher L, Bernadach M, Molnar I, Passildas‐Jahanmohan J, Dubray‐Longeras P. The efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors following discontinuation for long-term response or toxicity in advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancers: A retrospective study. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e1825. [PMID: 38274141 PMCID: PMC10808943 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims The treatment of metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been revolutionized by the arrival of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). For patients without immune related adverse events (irAEs), it is recommended to continue the treatment as long as it provides clinical benefit or until unacceptable toxicity appears. The aim of our study was to evaluate survival data among patients with advanced or metastatic NSCLC following ICI discontinuation for reasons of long-term response or toxicity (irAEs). Methods We included all patients with advanced or metastatic NSCLC treated with nivolumab and pembrolizumab at the Centre Jean Perrin, Clermont-Ferrand, France (January 1, 2016 to May 31, 2019). We focused on two groups in this study population: "Voluntary treatment discontinuation" (medical decision as a result of long-term response and patient decision) and "Treatment discontinuation due to toxicity" (irAEs). The primary endpoint was to evaluate the postdiscontinuation outcomes of these two groups: progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), and rechallenge in the "voluntary discontinuation" group. Results The final analysis concerned 146 patients, including 10 (7%) in the "discontinuation due to toxicity" group, 11 (8%) in the "voluntary discontinuation" group, 100 (68%) who discontinued treatment as a result of progression and 25 (17%) whose treatment was still on-going. The median PFS in the "discontinuation due to toxicity" group was not reached, and in the "voluntary discontinuation" group (n = 11) was 37 months (p = 0.4), versus 2 months in the progression group (p < 0.001). The median OS in "discontinuation due to toxicity," and in the "voluntary discontinuation" groups was not reached (p = 0.5), versus 10 months in the progression group (p < 0.001). Conclusion Treatment discontinuation following long-term response to ICI treatment showed sustained response and long-term survival after discontinuation. The incidence of irAEs was associated with better long-term survival, even after ICI discontinuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Vacher
- Oncology DepartmentCentre Jean PerrinClermont‐FerrandFrance
- UFR MédecineUniversity Clermont AuvergneClermont‐FerrandFrance
| | - Maureen Bernadach
- Oncology DepartmentCentre Jean PerrinClermont‐FerrandFrance
- Division de Recherche CliniqueDélégation Recherche Clinique & Innovation, Centre Jean Perrin, Centre de Lutte Contre le CancerClermont‐FerrandFrance
| | - Ioana Molnar
- Division de Recherche CliniqueDélégation Recherche Clinique & Innovation, Centre Jean Perrin, Centre de Lutte Contre le CancerClermont‐FerrandFrance
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR501Clermont‐FerrandFrance
- Centre Jean Perrin, INSERM, U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies ThéranostiquesUniversité Clermont AuvergneClermont‐FerrandFrance
| | - Judith Passildas‐Jahanmohan
- Division de Recherche CliniqueDélégation Recherche Clinique & Innovation, Centre Jean Perrin, Centre de Lutte Contre le CancerClermont‐FerrandFrance
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR501Clermont‐FerrandFrance
- Centre Jean Perrin, INSERM, U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies ThéranostiquesUniversité Clermont AuvergneClermont‐FerrandFrance
| | - Pascale Dubray‐Longeras
- Oncology DepartmentCentre Jean PerrinClermont‐FerrandFrance
- Centre Jean Perrin, INSERM, U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies ThéranostiquesUniversité Clermont AuvergneClermont‐FerrandFrance
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Yi M, Li T, Niu M, Mei Q, Zhao B, Chu Q, Dai Z, Wu K. Exploiting innate immunity for cancer immunotherapy. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:187. [PMID: 38008741 PMCID: PMC10680233 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01885-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies have revolutionized the treatment paradigms of various types of cancers. However, most of these immunomodulatory strategies focus on harnessing adaptive immunity, mainly by inhibiting immunosuppressive signaling with immune checkpoint blockade, or enhancing immunostimulatory signaling with bispecific T cell engager and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell. Although these agents have already achieved great success, only a tiny percentage of patients could benefit from immunotherapies. Actually, immunotherapy efficacy is determined by multiple components in the tumor microenvironment beyond adaptive immunity. Cells from the innate arm of the immune system, such as macrophages, dendritic cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, neutrophils, natural killer cells, and unconventional T cells, also participate in cancer immune evasion and surveillance. Considering that the innate arm is the cornerstone of the antitumor immune response, utilizing innate immunity provides potential therapeutic options for cancer control. Up to now, strategies exploiting innate immunity, such as agonists of stimulator of interferon genes, CAR-macrophage or -natural killer cell therapies, metabolic regulators, and novel immune checkpoint blockade, have exhibited potent antitumor activities in preclinical and clinical studies. Here, we summarize the latest insights into the potential roles of innate cells in antitumor immunity and discuss the advances in innate arm-targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yi
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Breast Surgery, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianye Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Mei
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Chu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Department of Breast Surgery, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kongming Wu
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
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Li D, Yang LN, Lin JY, Wu YZ, Tang Z, Tu HL, Zhang X, Liu YC, Yang MQ, Wang NH, Sui JD, Mai HQ, Wang Y. Eosinophil dynamics during chemo-radiotherapy correlate to clinical outcome in stage Ⅱ-Ⅳa nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients: Results from a large cohort study. Radiother Oncol 2023; 188:109900. [PMID: 37660752 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2023.109900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We investigated the dynamics of eosinophil depletion during definitive concurrent chemo-radiotherapy (CCRT) and their association with the prognosis of stage Ⅱ-Ⅳa nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fuzzy C-means algorithm (FCMA) assessed longitudinal trends in circulating eosinophil counts (CECs) of 1225 patients throughout the period of radical radiotherapy. The prognostic impact on patients' survival was evaluated with Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional risk model was used to determine the hazard ratio for adverse prognostic effects in grades of eosinophil depletion. The interactive effect of pre-treatment CECs and CCRT on outcomes was evaluated using HRs within the framework of Cox regression models. RESULTS Three grades of eosinophil depletion, as defined by the interaction between dynamic types of CECs in the period of treatment and the value of CECs at the termination of treatment, significantly stratified the poor prognosis in terms of progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) [1.57-fold (P = 0.001), 1.69-fold (P = 0.007), and 1.51-fold (P = 0.019) for G1, 2.4-fold (P < 0.001), 2.76-fold (P < 0.001), and 2.31-fold (P < 0.001) for G2, as compared with G0]. Furthermore, high levels of pre-treatment CECs acted as the strongest protective factor against severe depletion grade (G0 vs. G2, HR = 0.20, P = 0.005; G1 vs. G2, HR = 0.14, P < 0.001). However, compared with radiotherapy alone, the benefit from CCRT was attenuated in patients with high pre-treatment CECs. CONCLUSIONS CECs reduction after treatment in patients with NPC may be helpful in the clinical setting to aid in assessing the prognosis for standard treatment of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Radiation Oncology Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.
| | - Li-Na Yang
- Radiation Oncology Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.
| | - Jie-Yi Lin
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yong-Zhong Wu
- Radiation Oncology Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Zheng Tang
- Radiation Oncology Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong-Lei Tu
- Radiation Oncology Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Radiation Oncology Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yun-Chang Liu
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Meng-Qi Yang
- Radiation Oncology Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Nuo-Han Wang
- Radiation Oncology Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiang-Dong Sui
- Radiation Oncology Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.
| | - Hai-Qiang Mai
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China; Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ying Wang
- Radiation Oncology Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.
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Proffer SL, Guo R, Demer AM, Peters MS. Eosinophils in metastatic melanoma. Hum Pathol 2023; 141:110-117. [PMID: 37574050 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
The potential significance of tissue eosinophils melanomas is unknown. We strove to determine a potential association between the presence of tissue eosinophils and prognosis of patients with metastatic melanoma (MM). A retrospective electronic data base was queried to identify patients (age ≥18 years) evaluated January 1, 2011-October 1, 2022 (inclusive) at our multi-site medical center, who had metastatic melanoma and at least 1 biopsy of melanoma or a melanocytic nevus that was reported to show eosinophils. Patient demographics, histopathological tumor features, AJCC classification parameters, and peripheral blood eosinophilia (PBE) obtained during the patients' routine care were recorded. Seven patients met inclusion criteria had checkpoint inhibitor therapy for MM; 4/7 had prominent eosinophil infiltrates among their melanocytic nevi or/and melanomas, and all had absent or less than predicted tumor progression. In our small cohort of patients undergoing immunotherapy for metastatic melanoma, the presence of tissue eosinophils among nevi or melanomas was associated with a favorable response. While lymphocytes have been considered key in the host response to melanoma, the role of eosinophils may be underappreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney L Proffer
- Departments of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Ruifeng Guo
- Departments of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA; Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Addison M Demer
- Departments of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Margot S Peters
- Departments of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA; Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
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Takeuchi E, Kondo K, Okano Y, Ichihara S, Kunishige M, Kadota N, Machida H, Hatakeyama N, Naruse K, Ogino H, Nokihara H, Shinohara T, Nishioka Y. Pretreatment eosinophil counts as a predictive biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Thorac Cancer 2023; 14:3042-3050. [PMID: 37669914 PMCID: PMC10599974 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The peripheral blood eosinophil count prior to treatment has potential as a predictive biomarker for a beneficial clinical response to cancer immunotherapies. Therefore, the present study investigated the impact of the eosinophil count on overall survival (OS) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). METHODS We retrospectively reviewed all patients diagnosed with NSCLC and treated with ICI monotherapy between March 2016 and August 2021 at National Hospital Organization Kochi Hospital and Tokushima University. RESULTS A total of 166 patients were included. Fifty-five patients had an eosinophil count of less than 100 cells/μL (Eo < 100). Nighty-eight patients had an eosinophil count of 100 cells/μL or more, but less than 500 cells/μL (100 ≤ Eo < 500). Thirteen patients had an eosinophil count of 500 cells/μL or more (Eo ≥500). The median OS of all lung cancer patients was 476 days. The median OS of lung cancer patients with Eo <100, 100 ≤ Eo <500, and Eo ≥500 was 339, 667, and 143 days, respectively. A Kaplan-Meier univariate analysis showed a significant difference in OS between these three groups (p < 0.001). A Cox proportional regression analysis identified 100 ≤ Eo <500 (p = 0.04), ECOG PS score ≥ 2 (p = 0.02), tumor size ≥5 cm (p = 0.02), and PD-L1 ≥ 1% (p = 0.01) as independent predictors of OS. CONCLUSION OS was significantly longer in ICI-treated NSCLC patients with a pretreatment eosinophil count of 100 ≤ Eo <500 than in the other patients and, thus, has potential as a new predictive biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Takeuchi
- Department of Clinical InvestigationNational Hospital Organization Kochi HospitalKochiJapan
| | - Kensuke Kondo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Yoshio Okano
- Department of Respiratory MedicineNational Hospital Organization Kochi HospitalKochiJapan
| | - Seiya Ichihara
- Department of Respiratory MedicineNational Hospital Organization Kochi HospitalKochiJapan
| | - Michihiro Kunishige
- Department of Respiratory MedicineNational Hospital Organization Kochi HospitalKochiJapan
| | - Naoki Kadota
- Department of Respiratory MedicineNational Hospital Organization Kochi HospitalKochiJapan
| | - Hisanori Machida
- Department of Respiratory MedicineNational Hospital Organization Kochi HospitalKochiJapan
| | - Nobuo Hatakeyama
- Department of Respiratory MedicineNational Hospital Organization Kochi HospitalKochiJapan
| | - Keishi Naruse
- Department of PathologyNational Hospital Organization Kochi HospitalKochiJapan
| | - Hirokazu Ogino
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Hiroshi Nokihara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Tsutomu Shinohara
- Department of Community Medicine for Respirology, Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Yasuhiko Nishioka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
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18
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Chen S, Zhang L, Huang M, Liang Y, Wang Y. A tumor-associated endothelial signature score model in immunotherapy and prognosis across pan-cancers. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1190660. [PMID: 37719845 PMCID: PMC10500301 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1190660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The tumor-associated endothelial cell (TAE) component plays a vital role in tumor immunity. However, systematic tumor-associated endothelial-related gene assessment models for predicting cancer immunotherapy (CIT) responses and survival across human cancers have not been explored. Herein, we investigated a TAE gene risk model to predict CIT responses and patient survival in a pan-cancer analysis. Methods: We analyzed publicly available datasets of tumor samples with gene expression and clinical information, including gastric cancer, metastatic urothelial cancer, metastatic melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, primary bladder cancer, and renal cell carcinoma. We further established a binary classification model to predict CIT responses using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) computational algorithm. Results: The model demonstrated a high predictive accuracy in both training and validation cohorts. The response rate of the high score group to immunotherapy in the training cohort was significantly higher than that of the low score group, with CIT response rates of 51% and 27%, respectively. The survival analysis showed that the prognosis of the high score group was significantly better than that of the low score group (all p < 0·001). Tumor-associated endothelial gene signature scores positively correlated with immune checkpoint genes, suggesting that immune checkpoint inhibitors may benefit patients in the high score group. The analysis of TAE scores across 33 human cancers revealed that the TAE model could reflect immune cell infiltration and predict the survival of cancer patients. Conclusion: The TAE signature model could represent a CIT response prediction model with a prognostic value in multiple cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhao Chen
- Department of Hematologic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Limei Zhang
- Department of Hematologic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mayan Huang
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Liang
- Department of Hematologic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Hematologic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Wen M, Li Y, Qin X, Qin B, Wang Q. Insight into Cancer Immunity: MHCs, Immune Cells and Commensal Microbiota. Cells 2023; 12:1882. [PMID: 37508545 PMCID: PMC10378520 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells circumvent immune surveillance via diverse strategies. In accordance, a large number of complex studies of the immune system focusing on tumor cell recognition have revealed new insights and strategies developed, largely through major histocompatibility complexes (MHCs). As one of them, tumor-specific MHC-II expression (tsMHC-II) can facilitate immune surveillance to detect tumor antigens, and thereby has been used in immunotherapy, including superior cancer prognosis, clinical sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) therapy and tumor-bearing rejection in mice. NK cells play a unique role in enhancing innate immune responses, accounting for part of the response including immunosurveillance and immunoregulation. NK cells are also capable of initiating the response of the adaptive immune system to cancer immunotherapy independent of cytotoxic T cells, clearly demonstrating a link between NK cell function and the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies. Eosinophils were shown to feature pleiotropic activities against a variety of solid tumor types, including direct interactions with tumor cells, and accessorily affect immunotherapeutic response through intricating cross-talk with lymphocytes. Additionally, microbial sequencing and reconstitution revealed that commensal microbiota might be involved in the modulation of cancer progression, including positive and negative regulatory bacteria. They may play functional roles in not only mucosal modulation, but also systemic immune responses. Here, we present a panorama of the cancer immune network mediated by MHCI/II molecules, immune cells and commensal microbiota and a discussion of prospective relevant intervening mechanisms involved in cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minting Wen
- School of Life Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yingjing Li
- School of Life Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaonan Qin
- School of Life Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bing Qin
- School of Life Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- School of Life Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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20
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Jiang Z, Liao H, Wu L, Hu W, Yang L, Chen B, Ning Z, Tang J, Xu R, Chen M, Guo F, Liu S. Association between blood eosinophil count and Duchenne muscular dystrophy severity and prognosis: a retrospective cohort study. Ital J Pediatr 2023; 49:83. [PMID: 37443128 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-023-01483-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a rare hereditary muscular disease. The role of eosinophils in DMD has not been clarified. This study aims to evaluate the association between peripheral blood eosinophil count and severity and prognosis of DMD. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was performed for 145 DMD patients between January 2012 and December 2020. Clinical data of 150 healthy children were collected as a control group. Logistic regression and Cox regression analyses were used to explore the influences of eosinophil count on DMD severity and prognosis. RESULTS Eosinophil count in DMD group was lower than the control group (Z = 2.163, P = 0.031). It was negatively correlated with Vignos scale score, Spearman correlation coefficient was p = 0.245, P = 0.040 (at admission), p = 0.137, P = 0.032 (at follow-up); was a protective factor for high Vignos scale score at admission [odds ratio (OR) = 0.038, 95%CI: 0.002-0.752, P = 0.032] and follow-up (OR = 0.033,95%CI: 0.001-0.121, P = 0.039). The Cox regression analysis indicated that elevated eosinophil count was correlated with better therapeutic efficacy for DMD patients [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.218, 95%CI: 1.154-3.924, P = 0.016]. CONCLUSION Eosinophil count in peripheral blood was correlated with the severity of DMD. It could indicate the therapeutic efficacy and prognosis of DMD patients to a certain extent. Eosinophils may be a potentially valuable biomarker or therapeutic target for DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Jiang
- Departmentof Neurology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Yuhua District, No.86, Zi Yuan Road, Changsha, 410007, China.
| | - Hongmei Liao
- Departmentof Neurology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Yuhua District, No.86, Zi Yuan Road, Changsha, 410007, China.
| | - Liwen Wu
- Departmentof Neurology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Yuhua District, No.86, Zi Yuan Road, Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Wenjing Hu
- Departmentof Neurology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Yuhua District, No.86, Zi Yuan Road, Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Liming Yang
- Departmentof Neurology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Yuhua District, No.86, Zi Yuan Road, Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Departmentof Neurology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Yuhua District, No.86, Zi Yuan Road, Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Zeshu Ning
- Departmentof Neurology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Yuhua District, No.86, Zi Yuan Road, Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Jingwen Tang
- Departmentof Neurology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Yuhua District, No.86, Zi Yuan Road, Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Rong Xu
- Departmentof Neurology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Yuhua District, No.86, Zi Yuan Road, Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Mei Chen
- Departmentof Neurology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Yuhua District, No.86, Zi Yuan Road, Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Feng Guo
- Departmentof Neurology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Yuhua District, No.86, Zi Yuan Road, Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Shulei Liu
- Departmentof Neurology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Yuhua District, No.86, Zi Yuan Road, Changsha, 410007, China
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21
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Huang Y, Wu L, Sun Y, Li J, Mao N, Yang Y, Zhao M, Ren S. CCL5 might be a prognostic biomarker and associated with immuno-therapeutic efficacy in cancers: A pan-cancer analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18215. [PMID: 37519664 PMCID: PMC10375802 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5), a vital member of the CC chemokine family, plays diverse roles in tumorigenesis, metastasis, and prognosis in various human tumors. However, no pan-cancer analysis has been conducted to illustrate its distinctive effects on clinical prognosis via underlying mechanisms and biological characteristics. METHODS Herein, we exploited the existed public bioinformatics database, primarily TCGA database and GTEx data, to comprehensively analyze the value of CCL5 involved in patient prognosis. RESULTS This study found that CCL5 was excessively expressed in most tumors and significantly associated with clinical prognosis in 10 out of 33 types of tumors. Notably, CCL5 might be an independent predictive biomarker of clinical outcome in SKCM patients, confirmed by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Furthermore, we acquired the genetic alteration status of CCL5 in multiple types of tumor tissues from TCGA cohorts. We revealed a potential correlation between the expression level of CCL5 and tumor mutational burden in 33 types of tumors. In addition, data showed that DNA methylation was associated with CCL5 gene expression in THCA, PRAD, LUSC, and BRCA cancers. Immune infiltration and immune checkpoints are fine indexes for evaluating immunotherapy. We uncovered that CCL5 was negatively correlated with the immune infiltration of CD8+ T cell, CD4+ T cell, macrophages, and gamma delta T cells in BRCA-basal and CESC tumors, while a significant positive correlation was observed in BLCA, COAD and other 7 types of tumors. Besides, CCL5 was closely associated with the immune checkpoint molecules in 8 types of tumors. The TIDE score was less in the CCL5 high-expressed group than in the CCL5 low-expressed group in SKCM patients, which indicated that CCL5 might be a fine monitor of immune response for immunotherapy. GO enrichment analysis data uncovered that cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and chemokine signaling might be involved in the role of CCL5 in regulating tumor pathogenesis and prognosis. CONCLUSION In conclusion, CCL5 was preliminarly identified as a biomarker of immune response and prognosis for tumors patients via our first comprehensive pan-cancer analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchun Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Longquanyi District, Chengdu, Chengdu 610100, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Longquan Hospital Sichuan University, Chengdu 610100, China
| | - Lijuan Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yong Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Longquanyi District, Chengdu, Chengdu 610100, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Longquan Hospital Sichuan University, Chengdu 610100, China
| | - Jiwen Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Longquanyi District, Chengdu, Chengdu 610100, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Longquan Hospital Sichuan University, Chengdu 610100, China
| | - Nan Mao
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Yeqing Yang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Sichong Ren
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
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22
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Jou E. Type 1 and type 2 cytokine-mediated immune orchestration in the tumour microenvironment and their therapeutic potential. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2023; 4:474-497. [PMID: 37455828 PMCID: PMC10345208 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains the second leading cause of death worldwide despite modern breakthroughs in medicine, and novel treatments are urgently needed. The revolutionary success of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the past decade serves as proof of concept that the immune system can be effectively harnessed to treat cancer. Cytokines are small signalling proteins with critical roles in orchestrating the immune response and have become an attractive target for immunotherapy. Type 1 immune cytokines, including interferon γ (IFNγ), interleukin-12 (IL-12), and tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα), have been shown to have largely tumour suppressive roles in part through orchestrating anti-tumour immune responses mediated by natural killer (NK) cells, CD8+ T cells and T helper 1 (Th1) cells. Conversely, type 2 immunity involving group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) and Th2 cells are involved in tissue regeneration and wound repair and are traditionally thought to have pro-tumoural effects. However, it is found that the classical type 2 immune cytokines IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, and IL-13 may have conflicting roles in cancer. Similarly, type 2 immunity-related cytokines IL-25 and IL-33 with recently characterised roles in cancer may either promote or suppress tumorigenesis in a context-dependent manner. Furthermore, type 1 cytokines IFNγ and TNFα have also been found to have pro-tumoural effects under certain circumstances, further complicating the overall picture. Therefore, the dichotomy of type 1 and type 2 cytokines inhibiting and promoting tumours respectively is not concrete, and attempts of utilising these for cancer immunotherapy must take into account all available evidence. This review provides an overview summarising the current understanding of type 1 and type 2 cytokines in tumour immunity and discusses the prospects of harnessing these for immunotherapy in light of previous and ongoing clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Jou
- Queens’ College, University of Cambridge, CB3 9ET Cambridge, UK
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CB2 0QH Cambridge, UK
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23
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Soto F, Torre-Sada LF, Mott FE, Kim ST, Nurieva R, Shannon VR, Faiz SA, Casal RF, Altan M, Lin J, Sheshadri A. Sarcoidosis and Airway Disease After Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy: Case Study and Review of the Literature. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOTHERAPY AND PRECISION ONCOLOGY 2023; 6:111-116. [PMID: 37214206 PMCID: PMC10195014 DOI: 10.36401/jipo-22-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary toxicity from immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy is typically a severe and potentially fatal complication, but these observations are driven by the most common toxicity, pneumonitis. Rarer pulmonary immune related adverse events, like airway disease and sarcoidosis, may have a more benign course. In this case report, we present a patient in whom therapy with the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab resulted in severe eosinophilic asthma and sarcoidosis. This is the first case showing that anti-IL-5 inhibition may be safe in patients who develop eosinophilic asthma after ICI therapy. We further show that sarcoidosis does not necessarily require treatment cessation. This case highlights relevant nuances when clinicians face pulmonary toxicities other than pneumonitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Soto
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- School of Medicine, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Luis F. Torre-Sada
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- School of Medicine, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Frank E. Mott
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sang T. Kim
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Roza Nurieva
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vickie R. Shannon
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Saadia A. Faiz
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Roberto F. Casal
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mehmet Altan
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Julie Lin
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ajay Sheshadri
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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24
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Mehra T, Dongre K, Boesing M, Frei P, Suenderhauf C, Zippelius A, Leuppi JD, Wicki A, Leuppi-Taegtmeyer AB. Pre-treatment comorbidities, C-reactive protein and eosinophil count, and immune-related adverse events as predictors of survival with checkpoint inhibition for multiple tumour entities. Cancer Med 2023. [PMID: 37084178 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) may be associated with clinical efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) in patients with cancer. We therefore investigated the effect of irAEs and pre-treatment parameters on outcome in a large, real-life patient cohort. METHODS We performed a single-centre, retrospective, observational study including patients who received CPIs from 2011 to 2018 and followed until 2021. The primary outcome was overall survival, and the secondary outcome was the development of irAEs. RESULTS In total, 229 patients with different tumour entities (41% non-small cell lung cancer [NSCLC], 29% melanoma) received a total of 282 CPI treatment courses (ipilimumab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab or atezolizumab). Thirty-four percent of patients developed irAEs (of these 17% had CTCAE Grade ≥3). Factors independently associated with mortality were pre-treatment CRP ≥10 mg/L (hazard ratio [HR] 2.064, p = 0.0003), comorbidity measured by Charlson comorbidity index (HR 1.149, p = 0.014) and irAEs (HR 0.644, p = 0.036) (age-adjusted, n = 216). Baseline eosinophil count ≤0.2 × 109 /L was a further independent predictor of mortality (age-, CRP-, CCI- and irAE-adjusted HR = 2.252, p = 0.002, n = 166). Anti-CTLA-4 use (p < 0.001), and pre-treatment CRP <10 mg/L were independently associated with irAE occurrence (p = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS We found an independent association between irAE occurrence and improved overall survival in a real-life cohort spanning multiple tumour entities and treatment regimens. Pre-treatment comorbidities, CRP and eosinophil count represent potential markers for predicting treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Mehra
- Department of Oncology, Medical University Clinic, Kantonsspital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
- Department of Oncology & Hematology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Kanchan Dongre
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Patient Safety, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maria Boesing
- Medical University Clinic, Kantonsspital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
| | - Patricia Frei
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Suenderhauf
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alfred Zippelius
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Joerg D Leuppi
- Medical University Clinic, Kantonsspital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Wicki
- Department of Oncology, Medical University Clinic, Kantonsspital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
- Department of Oncology & Hematology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anne B Leuppi-Taegtmeyer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Patient Safety, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Medical University Clinic, Kantonsspital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
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25
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Zhuang TZ, Ravindranathan D, Liu Y, Martini DJ, Brown JT, Nazha B, Russler G, Yantorni LB, Caulfield S, Carthon BC, Kucuk O, Master VA, Bilen MA. Baseline Neutrophil-to-Eosinophil Ratio Is Associated with Outcomes in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors. Oncologist 2023; 28:239-245. [PMID: 36427017 PMCID: PMC10020802 DOI: 10.1093/oncolo/oyac236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomarkers have the potential to guide treatment selection and clinical care in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) in an expanding treatment landscape. We report baseline neutrophil-to-eosinophil ratios (NER) in patients with mRCC treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) and their association with clinical outcomes. METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of patients with mRCC treated with CPIs at Winship Cancer Institute from 2015 to 2020 in the United States of America (USA). Demographics, disease characteristics, and laboratory data, including complete blood counts (CBC) were described at the initiation of CPIs. Clinical outcomes were measured as overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and clinical benefit (CB) associated with baseline lab values. RESULTS A total of 184 patients were included with a median follow-up time of 25.4 months. Patients with baseline NER were categorized into high or low subgroups; high group was defined as NER >49.2 and low group was defined as NER <49.2 with 25% of patients in the high NER group. Univariate analyses (UVA) and multivariable analyses (MVA) identified decreased overall survival (OS) associated with elevated NER. In MVA, patients with a high baseline NER group had a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.68 (95%CI, 1.01-2.82, P = .048) for OS; however, there was no significant difference between groups for PFS. Clinical benefit was seen in 47.3% of patients with low baseline NER and 40% with high NER. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that elevated baseline NER may be associated with worse clinical outcomes in mRCC. Although results require further validation, NER is a feasible biomarker in patients with CPI-treated mRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Z Zhuang
- Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Deepak Ravindranathan
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Grady Cancer Center for Excellence, Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yuan Liu
- Departments of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dylan J Martini
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jacqueline T Brown
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bassel Nazha
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Grady Cancer Center for Excellence, Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Greta Russler
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lauren B Yantorni
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sarah Caulfield
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bradley C Carthon
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Grady Cancer Center for Excellence, Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Omer Kucuk
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Grady Cancer Center for Excellence, Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Viraj A Master
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mehmet Asim Bilen
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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26
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Wu Y, Yang J, Qiao X, Li Y, Zhao R, Lin T, Li X, Wang M. Use of the prognostic nutrition index as a predictive biomarker in small-cell lung cancer patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in the Chinese alpine region. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1041140. [PMID: 37007079 PMCID: PMC10050450 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1041140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundWhether the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), which is suggested to reflect systemic inflammation and nutritional status of patients, could be used as an effective prognostic factor for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) has not yet been clarified. The purpose of this study was to verify the prognostic value of the PNI in SCLC patients treated with programmed cell death ligand-1/programmed cell death 1 (PD-L1/PD-1) inhibitors in the alpine region of China.MethodsSCLC patients treated with PD-L1/PD-1 inhibitors monotherapy or combined with chemotherapy between March 2017 and May 2020 were included. Based on the values of serum albumin and total lymphocyte count, the study population was divided into two groups: high and low PNI. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to compute the median survival time and the log-rank test was used to compare the two groups. To evaluate the prognostic value of the PNI, univariable and multivariable analyses of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were performed. The correlations between PNI and DCR or ORR were calculated by Point biserial correlation analysis.ResultsOne hundred and forty patients were included in this study, of which, 60.0% were high PNI (PNI > 49.43) and 40.0% were low PNI (PNI ≤ 49.43). Results indicated that the high PNI group had better PFS and OS than the low PNI group in the patients who received PD-L1/PD-1 inhibitors monotherapy (median PFS: 11.0 vs. 4.8 months, p < 0.001 and median OS: 18.5 vs. 11.0 months, p = 0.004). Similarly, better PFS and OS were associated with an increase in PNI level in the patients who accepted PD-L1/PD-1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy (median PFS: 11.0 vs. 5.3 months, p < 0.001 and median OS: 17.9 vs. 12.6 months, p = 0.005). Multivariate Cox-regression model showed that high PNI was significantly related to better PFS and OS in patients who accepted PD-L1/PD-1 inhibitors monotherapy or combined with chemotherapy (PD-L1/PD-1 inhibitors monotherapy: PFS: HR = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.10–0.52, p < 0.001 and OS: HR = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.03–0.55, p = 0.006; PD-L1/PD-1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy: PFS: HR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.19–0.61, p < 0.001 and OS: HR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.29–0.97, p = 0.040, respectively). Additionally, Point biserial correlation analysis between PNI and disease control rate (DCR) showed that PNI status was positively correlated with DCR in SCLC patients receiving PD-L1/PD-1 inhibitors or combined with chemotherapy (r = 0.351, p < 0.001; r = 0.285, p < 0.001, respectively).ConcussionsPNI may be a promising biomarker of treatment efficacy and prognosis in SCLC patients treated with PD-L1/PD-1 inhibitors in the alpine region of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjiao Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Processing and Storage of Distinct Agricultural Products, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinyi Qiao
- Department of Respiratory Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
| | - Yingjie Li
- Department of Respiratory Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
| | - Tie Lin
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Department of Respiratory Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Meng Wang,
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Artham S, Chang CY, McDonnell DP. Eosinophilia in cancer and its regulation by sex hormones. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2023; 34:5-20. [PMID: 36443206 PMCID: PMC10122120 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Gender differences in the functionality of the immune system have been attributed, in part, to direct and indirect effects of sex steroids, especially estrogens, on immune cell repertoire and activity. Notable are studies that have defined roles for estrogens in the regulation of the biology of dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Although estrogens can modulate eosinophil function, the mechanisms by which this occurs and how it contributes to the pathobiology of different diseases remains underexplored. Furthermore, although the importance of eosinophils in infection is well established, it remains unclear as to how these innate immune cells, which are present in different tumors, impact the biology of cancer cells and/or response to therapeutics. The observation that eosinophilia influences the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) is significant considering the role of estrogens as regulators of eosinophil function and recent studies suggesting that response to ICBs is impacted by gender. Thus, in this review, we consider what is known about the roles of estrogen(s) in regulating tissue eosinophilia/eosinophil function and how this influences the pathobiology of breast cancer (in particular). This information provides the context for a discussion of how estrogens/the estrogen receptor (ER) signaling axis can be targeted in eosinophils and how this would be expected to influence the activity of standard-of-care interventions and contemporary immunotherapy regimens in cancer(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Artham
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ching-Yi Chang
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Donald P McDonnell
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
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Willems M, Scherpereel A, Wasielewski E, Raskin J, Brossel H, Fontaine A, Grégoire M, Halkin L, Jamakhani M, Heinen V, Louis R, Duysinx B, Hamaidia M, Willems L. Excess of blood eosinophils prior to therapy correlates with worse prognosis in mesothelioma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1148798. [PMID: 37026006 PMCID: PMC10070849 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1148798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Only a fraction of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) will respond to chemo- or immunotherapy. For the majority, the condition will irremediably relapse after 13 to 18 months. In this study, we hypothesized that patients' outcome could be correlated to their immune cell profile. Focus was given to peripheral blood eosinophils that, paradoxically, can both promote or inhibit tumor growth depending on the cancer type. Methods The characteristics of 242 patients with histologically proven MPM were retrospectively collected in three centers. Characteristics included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), overall response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR). The mean absolute eosinophil counts (AEC) were determined by averaging AEC data sets of the last month preceding the administration of chemo- or immunotherapy. Results An optimal cutoff of 220 eosinophils/µL of blood segregated the cohort into two groups with significantly different median OS after chemotherapy (14 and 29 months above and below the threshold, p = 0.0001). The corresponding two-year OS rates were 28% and 55% in the AEC ≥ 220/µL and AEC < 220/µL groups, respectively. Based on shorter median PFS (8 vs 17 months, p < 0.0001) and reduced DCR (55.9% vs 35.2% at 6 months), the response to standard chemotherapy was significantly affected in the AEC ≥ 220/µL subset. Similar conclusions were also drawn from data sets of patients receiving immune checkpoint-based immunotherapy. Conclusion In conclusion, baseline AEC ≥ 220/µL preceding therapy is associated with worse outcome and quicker relapse in MPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mégane Willems
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics (GIGA at University of Liege), Sart-Tilman, Molecular Biology, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Scherpereel
- Department of Pneumology and Thoracic Oncology, (CHU Lille) and INSERM (ONCOTHAI), Lille, France
| | - Eric Wasielewski
- Department of Pneumology and Thoracic Oncology, (CHU Lille) and INSERM (ONCOTHAI), Lille, France
| | - Jo Raskin
- Department of Pulmonology and Thoracic Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Hélène Brossel
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics (GIGA at University of Liege), Sart-Tilman, Molecular Biology, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Alexis Fontaine
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics (GIGA at University of Liege), Sart-Tilman, Molecular Biology, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Mélanie Grégoire
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics (GIGA at University of Liege), Sart-Tilman, Molecular Biology, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Louise Halkin
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics (GIGA at University of Liege), Sart-Tilman, Molecular Biology, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Majeed Jamakhani
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics (GIGA at University of Liege), Sart-Tilman, Molecular Biology, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Vincent Heinen
- Department of Pneumology, University Hospital of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Renaud Louis
- Department of Pneumology, University Hospital of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Bernard Duysinx
- Department of Pneumology, University Hospital of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Malik Hamaidia
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics (GIGA at University of Liege), Sart-Tilman, Molecular Biology, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Luc Willems
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics (GIGA at University of Liege), Sart-Tilman, Molecular Biology, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Luc Willems,
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Functional Gene Expression Signatures from On-Treatment Tumor Specimens Predict Anti-PD1 Blockade Response in Metastatic Melanoma. Biomolecules 2022; 13:biom13010058. [PMID: 36671443 PMCID: PMC9855743 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional gene expression signatures (FGES) from pretreatment biopsy samples have been used to predict the responses of metastatic melanoma to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies. However, there are no predictive FGE signatures from patients receiving treatment. Here, using the Elastic Net Regression (ENLR) algorithm, we analyzed transcriptomic and matching clinical data from a dataset of patients with metastatic melanoma treated with ICB therapies and produced an FGE signature for pretreatment (FGES-PRE) and on-treatment (FGES-ON). Both the FGES-PRE and FGES-ON signatures are validated in three independent datasets of metastatic melanoma as the validation set, achieving area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.44-0.81 and 0.82-0.83, respectively. Then, we combined all test samples and obtained AUCs of 0.71 and 0.82 for the FGES-PRE and FGES-ON signatures, respectively. The FGES-ON signatures had a higher predictive value for prognosis than the FGES-PRE signatures. The FGES-PRE and FGES-ON signatures were divided into high- and low-risk scores using the signature score mean value. Patients with a high FGE signature score had better survival outcomes than those with low scores. Overall, we determined that the FGES-ON signature is an effective biomarker for metastatic melanoma patients receiving ICB therapy. This work would provide an important theoretical basis for applying FGE signatures derived from on-treatment tumor samples to predict patients' therapeutic response to ICB therapies.
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Ammann NL, Schwietzer YF, Mess C, Stadler JC, Geidel G, Kött J, Pantel K, Schneider SW, Utikal J, Bauer AT, Gebhardt C. Activated Eosinophils Predict Longer Progression-Free Survival under Immune Checkpoint Inhibition in Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225676. [PMID: 36428768 PMCID: PMC9688620 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) has yielded remarkable results in prolonging survival of metastatic melanoma patients but only a subset of individuals treated respond to therapy. Success of ICI treatment appears to depend on the number of tumor-infiltrating effector T-cells, which are known to be influenced by activated eosinophils. To verify the co-occurrence of activated eosinophils and T-cells in melanoma, immunofluorescence was performed in 285 primary or metastatic tumor tissue specimens from 118 patients. Moreover, eosinophil counts and activity markers such as eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and eosinophil peroxidase (EPX) were measured in the serum before therapy start and before the 4th infusion of ICI in 45 metastatic unresected melanoma patients. We observed a positive correlation between increased tumor-infiltrating eosinophils and T-cells associated with delayed melanoma progression. High baseline levels of eosinophil count, serum ECP and EPX were linked to prolonged progression-free survival in metastatic melanoma. Our data provide first indications that activated eosinophils are related to the T-cell-inflamed tumor microenvironment and could be considered as potential future prognostic biomarkers in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine L. Ammann
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Fleur Hiege Center for Skin Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yasmin F. Schwietzer
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Fleur Hiege Center for Skin Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Mess
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Fleur Hiege Center for Skin Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia-Christina Stadler
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Fleur Hiege Center for Skin Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Glenn Geidel
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Fleur Hiege Center for Skin Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julian Kött
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Fleur Hiege Center for Skin Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Pantel
- Fleur Hiege Center for Skin Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan W. Schneider
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Fleur Hiege Center for Skin Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jochen Utikal
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69121 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- DKFZ Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Alexander T. Bauer
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Fleur Hiege Center for Skin Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christoffer Gebhardt
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Fleur Hiege Center for Skin Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)-40-7410-53263
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Tsuji A, Hiramatsu K, Namikawa S, Yamamoto A, Midori Y, Murata Y, Tanaka T, Nosaka T, Naito T, Takahashi K, Ofuji K, Matsuda H, Ohtani M, Imamura Y, Iino S, Hasegawa M, Nakamoto Y. A rare case of eosinophilic gastritis induced by nivolumab therapy for metastatic melanoma. Clin J Gastroenterol 2022; 15:876-880. [DOI: 10.1007/s12328-022-01680-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Matsumoto T, Kaneko A, Kusakabe Y, Nakayama E, Tanaka A, Yamamoto N, Aihara K, Yamaoka S, Mishima M. Severe eosinophilia and subsequent dermatologic immune-related adverse event with squamous cell carcinoma antigen elevation induced by nivolumab and ipilimumab. Respirol Case Rep 2022; 10:e01037. [PMID: 36176718 PMCID: PMC9459412 DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.1037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for malignant lesions are associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs), but reports about severe eosinophilia induced by ICIs are scarce. A 73-year-old man with lung squamous cell carcinoma was treated by chemotherapy (carboplatin plus paclitaxel) and ICIs (nivolumab plus ipilimumab). After two cycles of chemotherapy, the ICIs were continued. After 5 months, the eosinophilia, which had exceeded 5000/μl, increasingly deteriorated, and the only detected irAE was a grade 1 rash. Under continuation of the ICIs, although the eosinophilia decreased, a grade 3 rash and severe pruritis subsequently appeared. Squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) was steeply increased simultaneously. A complete response had been achieved, and oral prednisolone markedly improved the rash, pruritis, and eosinophilia. Clinicians should be aware that precedent severe eosinophilia and subsequent severe irAE could occur in patients treated by nivolumab and ipilimumab, and SCCA elevation could be associated with dermatologic irAE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Akiko Kaneko
- Department of Respiratory MedicineSaiseikai‐Noe HospitalOsakaJapan
| | - Yusuke Kusakabe
- Department of Respiratory MedicineSaiseikai‐Noe HospitalOsakaJapan
| | - Emi Nakayama
- Department of Respiratory MedicineSaiseikai‐Noe HospitalOsakaJapan
| | - Ayaka Tanaka
- Department of Respiratory MedicineSaiseikai‐Noe HospitalOsakaJapan
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- Department of Respiratory MedicineSaiseikai‐Noe HospitalOsakaJapan
| | - Kensaku Aihara
- Department of Respiratory MedicineSaiseikai‐Noe HospitalOsakaJapan
| | | | - Michiaki Mishima
- Department of Respiratory MedicineSaiseikai‐Noe HospitalOsakaJapan
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Georgescu SR, Mitran CI, Mitran MI, Matei C, Constantin C, Neagu M, Tampa M. Apprising Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Cutaneous Melanoma—Persistent Updating. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12091506. [PMID: 36143291 PMCID: PMC9505119 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12091506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of melanoma, a very aggressive skin cancer, has increased over the past few decades. Although there are well-established clinical, dermoscopic and histopathological criteria, the diagnosis is often performed late, which has important implications on the patient’s clinical outcome. Unfortunately, melanoma is one of the most challenging tumors to diagnose because it is a heterogeneous neoplasm at the clinical, histopathological, and molecular level. The use of reliable biomarkers for the diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression is becoming a standard of care in modern medicine. In this review, we discuss the latest studies, which highlight findings from the genomics, epitranscriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics areas, pointing out different genes, molecules and cells as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in cutaneous melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Roxana Georgescu
- Department of Dermatology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Dermatology, “Victor Babes” Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina Iulia Mitran
- Department of Microbiology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.I.M.); (M.I.M.)
| | - Madalina Irina Mitran
- “Cantacuzino” National Medico-Military Institute for Research and Development, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.I.M.); (M.I.M.)
| | - Clara Matei
- Department of Dermatology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carolina Constantin
- Immunology Department, “Victor Babes” National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
- Colentina Clinical Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Monica Neagu
- Immunology Department, “Victor Babes” National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
- Colentina Clinical Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 030018 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mircea Tampa
- Department of Dermatology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Dermatology, “Victor Babes” Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania
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Schwarze JK, Tijtgat J, Awada G, Cras L, Vasaturo A, Bagnall C, Forsyth R, Dufait I, Tuyaerts S, Van Riet I, Neyns B. Intratumoral administration of CD1c (BDCA-1) + and CD141 (BDCA-3) + myeloid dendritic cells in combination with talimogene laherparepvec in immune checkpoint blockade refractory advanced melanoma patients: a phase I clinical trial. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2022-005141. [PMID: 36113895 PMCID: PMC9486335 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intratumoral (IT) myeloid dendritic cells (myDCs) play a pivotal role in initiating antitumor immune responses and relicensing of anti-tumor cytotoxic T lymphocytes within the tumor microenvironment. Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) induces immunogenic cell death, thereby providing maturation signals and enhancing the release of tumor antigens that can be captured and processed by CD1c (BDCA-1)+ / CD141 (BDCA-3)+ myDCs, in order to reinvigorate the cancer-immunity cycle. METHODS In this phase I trial, patients with advanced melanoma who failed standard therapy were eligible for IT injections of ≥1 non-visceral metastases with T-VEC on day 1 followed by IT injection of CD1c (BDCA-1)+ myDCs +/- CD141 (BDCA-3)+ myDCs on day 2. T-VEC injections were repeated on day 21 and every 14 days thereafter. The number of IT administered CD1c (BDCA-1)+ myDCs was escalated from 0.5×106, to 1×106, to a maximum of 10×106 cells in three sequential cohorts. In cohort 4, all isolated CD1c (BDCA-1)+ / CD141 (BDCA-3)+ myDCs were used for IT injection. Primary objectives were safety and feasibility. Repetitive biopsies of treated lesions were performed. RESULTS In total, 13 patients were enrolled (cohort 1 n=2; cohort 2 n=2; cohort 3 n=3; cohort 4 n=6). Patients received a median of 6 (range 3-8) T-VEC injections. The treatment was safe with most frequent adverse events being fatigue (n=11 (85%)), fever (n=8 (62%)), and chills/influenza-like symptoms (n=6 (46%)). Nine (69%) and four patients (31%), respectively, experienced pain or redness at the injection-site. Clinical responses were documented in injected and non-injected lesions. Two patients (cohort 3) who previously progressed on anti-PD-1 therapy (and one patient also on anti-CTLA-4 therapy) developed a durable, pathologically confirmed complete response that is ongoing at 33 and 35 months following initiation of study treatment. One additional patient treated (cohort 4) had an unconfirmed partial response as best response; two additional patients had a mixed response (with durable complete responses of some injected and non-injected lesions). On-treatment biopsies revealed a strong infiltration by inflammatory cells in regressing lesions. CONCLUSIONS IT coinjection of autologous CD1c (BDCA-1)+ +/- CD141 (BDCA-3)+ myDCs with T-VEC is feasible, tolerable and resulted in encouraging early signs of antitumor activity in immune checkpoint inhibitor-refractory melanoma patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03747744.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Katharina Schwarze
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jens Tijtgat
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gil Awada
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Louise Cras
- Department of Anatomopathology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Ramses Forsyth
- Department of Anatomopathology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Inès Dufait
- Department of Radiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandra Tuyaerts
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ivan Van Riet
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Hematology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bart Neyns
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
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Ding L, Gosh A, Lee DJ, Emri G, Huss WJ, Bogner PN, Paragh G. Prognostic biomarkers of cutaneous melanoma. PHOTODERMATOLOGY, PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2022; 38:418-434. [PMID: 34981569 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Melanomas account for only approximately 4% of diagnosed skin cancers in the United States but are responsible for the majority of deaths caused by skin cancer. Both genetic factors and ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure play a role in the development of melanoma. Although melanomas have a strong propensity to metastasize when diagnosed late, melanomas that are diagnosed and treated early pose a low mortality risk. In particular, the identification of patients with increased metastatic risk, who may benefit from early adjuvant therapies, is crucial, especially given the advent of new melanoma treatments. However, the accuracy of classic clinical and histological variables, including the Breslow thickness, presence of ulceration, and lymph node status, might not be sufficient to identify such individuals. Thus, there is a need for the development of additional prognostic melanoma biomarkers that can improve early attempts to stratify melanoma patients and reliably identify high-risk subgroups with the aim of providing effective personalized therapies. METHODS In our current work, we discuss and assess emerging primary melanoma tumor biomarkers and prognostic circulating biomarkers. RESULTS Several promising biomarkers show prognostic value (eg, exosomal MIA (ie, melanoma inhibitory activity), serum S100B, AMLo signatures, and mRNA signatures); however, the scarcity of reliable data precludes the use of these biomarkers in current clinical applications. CONCLUSION Further research is needed on several promising biomarkers for melanoma. Large-scale studies are warranted to facilitate the clinical translation of prognostic biomarker applications for melanoma in personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ding
- Department of Dermatology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology, Buffalo General Medical Center, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Alexandra Gosh
- Department of Dermatology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Delphine J Lee
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, The Lundquist Institute, Torrance, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Gabriella Emri
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Wendy J Huss
- Department of Dermatology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Paul N Bogner
- Department of Dermatology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Gyorgy Paragh
- Department of Dermatology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
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Grisaru-Tal S, Rothenberg ME, Munitz A. Eosinophil-lymphocyte interactions in the tumor microenvironment and cancer immunotherapy. Nat Immunol 2022; 23:1309-1316. [PMID: 36002647 PMCID: PMC9554620 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-022-01291-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Eosinophils are important effector cells and therapeutic targets in allergic diseases. Emerging data indicate that eosinophils infiltrate a variety of solid tumor types and have pleiotropic activities by at least two non-mutually exclusive mechanisms: direct interactions with tumor cells, and intricate cross-talk with lymphocytes. In light of the immune checkpoint inhibition revolution in cancer therapy, we review eosinophil-lymphocyte interactions in the tumor microenvironment. We also analyze potential interactions between eosinophils and lymphocyte subsets, including T cells, natural killer cells and innate lymphoid cells. We provide perspectives on the consequences of these interactions and how eosinophils are accessory cells that can affect the response to various forms of T cell-mediated immunotherapies and might be therapeutically targeted to improve cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Grisaru-Tal
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Marc E Rothenberg
- Division of Allergy/Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ariel Munitz
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Ma Y, Ma X, Wang J, Wu S, Wang J, Cao B. Absolute eosinophil count may be an optimal peripheral blood marker to identify the risk of immune-related adverse events in advanced malignant tumors treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors: a retrospective analysis. World J Surg Oncol 2022; 20:242. [PMID: 35897018 PMCID: PMC9331074 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-022-02695-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate the predictive values of serum biomarkers including absolute eosinophil count (AEC), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) with respect to immune-related adverse events (irAEs) during anti-PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor treatment in patients with advanced malignant tumors. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 95 patients with advanced cancer who were treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors from January 1, 2017, to May 1, 2020, in our cancer center. We then analyzed associations between irAEs and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor responses and evaluated the predictive values of serum biomarkers with respect to the risk of irAEs. Results The incidence of irAEs was 55.8%. There were no statistically significant differences between the irAEs and no-irAEs groups in an objective response rate (ORR) or disease control rate (DCR). However, landmark analysis showed that the irAEs group had better survival after 120 days following the initiation of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor treatment, compared with the no-irAEs group. The incidences of irAEs were greater in the high-AEC and low-NLR groups than in the low-AEC and high-NLR groups. Univariate logistic analysis showed that low NLR, ECOG performance status (0–1), and high AEC were risk factors for irAEs. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that high AEC and good ECOG performance status were independent predictors for irAEs. Conclusions irAEs may be associated with a survival benefit. Baseline AEC is a strong predictor of irAEs in patients undergoing treatment with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ma
- Shijingshan Teaching Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing Shijingshan Hospital, #24 Shi Jing Shan Road, Beijing, Shijingshan District, 100040, China.,Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, #95 Yong An Road, Beijing, 100050, Xicheng District, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, #95 Yong An Road, Beijing, 100050, Xicheng District, China
| | - Jingting Wang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, #95 Yong An Road, Beijing, 100050, Xicheng District, China
| | - Shanshan Wu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and EBM, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, #95 Yong An Road, Beijing, 100050, Xicheng District, China.
| | - Bangwei Cao
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, #95 Yong An Road, Beijing, 100050, Xicheng District, China.
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Short-Interval, Low-Dose Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy in Combination with PD-1 Checkpoint Immunotherapy Induces Remission in Immunocompromised Patients with Metastatic Merkel Cell Carcinoma. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071466. [PMID: 35890361 PMCID: PMC9323617 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a neuroendocrine skin cancer of the elderly, with high metastatic potential and poor prognosis. In particular, the primary resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in metastatic (m)MCC patients represents a challenge not yet met by any efficient treatment modality. Herein, we describe a novel therapeutic concept with short-interval, low-dose 177Lutetium (Lu)-high affinity (HA)-DOTATATE [177Lu]Lu-HA-DOTATATE peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (SILD-PRRT) in combination with PD-1 ICI to induce remission in patients with ICI-resistant mMCC. We report on the initial refractory response of two immunocompromised mMCC patients to the PD-L1 inhibitor avelumab. After confirming the expression of somatostatin receptors (SSTR) on tumor cells by [68Ga]Ga-HA-DOTATATE-PET/CT (PET/CT), we employed low-dose PRRT (up to six treatments, mean activity 3.5 GBq per cycle) at 3–6 weeks intervals in combination with the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab to restore responsiveness to ICI. This combination enabled the synergistic application of PD-1 checkpoint immunotherapy with low-dose PRRT at more frequent intervals, and was very well tolerated by both patients. PET/CTs demonstrated remarkable responses at all metastatic sites (lymph nodes, distant skin, and bones), which were maintained for 3.6 and 4.8 months, respectively. Both patients eventually succumbed with progressive disease after 7.7 and 8 months, respectively, from the start of treatment with SILD-PRRT and pembrolizumab. We demonstrate that SILD-PRRT in combination with pembrolizumab is safe and well-tolerated, even in elderly, immunocompromised mMCC patients. The restoration of clinical responses in ICI-refractory patients as proposed here could potentially be used not only for patients with mMCC, but many other cancer types currently treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.
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Development of Lymphopenia during Therapy with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Is Associated with Poor Outcome in Metastatic Cutaneous Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133282. [PMID: 35805052 PMCID: PMC9265779 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Predictive markers for immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy are needed. Thus, baseline blood counts have been investigated as biomarkers, showing that lymphopenia at the start of therapy with (ICI) is associated with a worse outcome in metastatic melanoma. We investigated the relationship between the occurrence of lymphopenia under ICI and disease outcome. Patients with metastatic melanoma who had undergone therapy with ICI were identified in our database. Only patients with a normal lymphocyte count at baseline were included in this retrospective study. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between patients in which lymphopenia occurred during ICI therapy and those who did not develop lymphopenia. In total, 116 patients were analyzed. Lymphopenia occurred in 42.2% of patients, with a mean onset after 17 weeks (range 1-180 weeks). The occurrence of lymphopenia during immunotherapy was significantly associated with a shorter PFS and OS. Patients who developed lymphopenia (n = 49) had a mean PFS of 13.3 months (range 1-67 months) compared to 16.9 months (range 1-73 months) for patients who did not develop lymphopenia (n = 67; p = 0.025). Similarly, patients with lymphopenia had a significantly shorter OS of 28.1 months (range 2-70 months) compared with 36.8 months (range 4-106 months) in patients who did not develop lymphopenia (p = 0.01). Patients with metastatic melanoma who develop lymphopenia during ICI therapy have a worse prognosis with significantly shorter PFS and OS compared with patients who do not develop lymphopenia.
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40
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Caliman E, Fancelli S, Ottanelli C, Mazzoni F, Paglialunga L, Lavacchi D, Michelet MRG, Giommoni E, Napolitano B, Scolari F, Voltolini L, Comin CE, Pillozzi S, Antonuzzo L. Absolute eosinophil count predicts clinical outcomes and toxicity in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with immunotherapy. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2022; 32:100603. [PMID: 35792426 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2022.100603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have led to a paradigm shift in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. We investigated absolute eosinophil count (AEC) as a predictor of clinical outcomes and toxicity in NSCLC patients receiving ICIs. MATERIALS AND METHODS AEC was retrospectively collected at baseline and during treatment from 158 advanced NSCLC patients treated with single agent anti-PD1/anti-PDL1 monoclonal antibody in first or subsequent line of therapy at Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence (Italy), between January 2016 to October 2020. RESULTS We found a significant association between high baseline AEC (≥130/μL) and better clinical outcomes. The response rates were 64.4% and 35.6% for patients with high and low AEC, respectively (p = 0.009). The high-AEC group showed a significantly longer PFS and OS than the low-AEC group (mPFS = 7.0 months, 95% CI 5.0-10.0 vs 2.5 months, 95% CI 2.0-4.0, p = 0.007 and mOS = 9.0 months, CI 95% 7.0-15.0 vs 5.5 months, 95% CI 4.0-8.0, p = 0.009, respectively). An increased risk of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) was reported in the high-AEC group (p = 0.133). IrAEs resulted an independent prognostic factor for both better outcomes (mPFS = 8.0 months, 95% CI 7.0-12.0 vs 2.0 months, 95% CI 2.0-3.0, p<0.001; mOS = 13.0 months 95% CI 9.0-19.0 vs 4.0 months 95% CI 3.0-6-0, p<0.001) and response to ICIs (response rate = 33.8% vs 14.9%, disease control rate = 72.0% vs 32.1%, p<0.001). CONCLUSION High baseline AEC value (≥130/μL) is a predictive biomarker of clinical benefit and irAEs occurrence in NSCLC patients treated with ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Caliman
- Clinical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Fancelli
- Clinical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | | | | | - Luca Paglialunga
- Clinical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Daniele Lavacchi
- Clinical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Elisa Giommoni
- Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Federico Scolari
- Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Luca Voltolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy; Thoracic Surgery Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Camilla Eva Comin
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy; Section of Surgery, Histopathology and Molecular Pathology, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Serena Pillozzi
- Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Antonuzzo
- Clinical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy; Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
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Cederberg RA, Franks SE, Wadsworth BJ, So A, Decotret LR, Hall MG, Shi R, Hughes MR, McNagny KM, Bennewith KL. Eosinophils Decrease Pulmonary Metastatic Mammary Tumor Growth. Front Oncol 2022; 12:841921. [PMID: 35756626 PMCID: PMC9213661 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.841921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic breast cancer is challenging to effectively treat, highlighting the need for an improved understanding of host factors that influence metastatic tumor cell colonization and growth in distant tissues. The lungs are a common site of breast cancer metastasis and are host to a population of tissue-resident eosinophils. Eosinophils are granulocytic innate immune cells known for their prominent roles in allergy and Th2 immunity. Though their presence in solid tumors and metastases have been reported for decades, the influence of eosinophils on metastatic tumor growth in the lungs is unclear. We used transgenic mouse models characterized by elevated pulmonary eosinophils (IL5Tg mice) and eosinophil-deficiency (ΔdblGATA mice), as well as antibody-mediated depletion of eosinophils, to study the role of eosinophils in EO771 mammary tumor growth in the lungs. We found that IL5Tg mice exhibit reduced pulmonary metastatic colonization and decreased metastatic tumor burden compared to wild-type (WT) mice or eosinophil-deficient mice. Eosinophils co-cultured with tumor cells ex vivo produced peroxidase activity and induced tumor cell death, indicating that eosinophils are capable of releasing eosinophil peroxidase (EPX) and killing EO771 tumor cells. We found that lung eosinophils expressed phenotypic markers of activation during EO771 tumor growth in the lungs, and that metastatic growth was accelerated in eosinophil-deficient mice and in WT mice after immunological depletion of eosinophils. Our results highlight an important role for eosinophils in restricting mammary tumor cell growth in the lungs and support further work to determine whether strategies to trigger local eosinophil degranulation may decrease pulmonary metastatic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Cederberg
- Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Brennan J Wadsworth
- Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alvina So
- Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lisa R Decotret
- Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michael G Hall
- Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Rocky Shi
- Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michael R Hughes
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kelly M McNagny
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kevin L Bennewith
- Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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42
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Ju M, Fan J, Zou Y, Yu M, Jiang L, Wei Q, Bi J, Hu B, Guan Q, Song X, Dong M, Wang L, Yu L, Wang Y, Kang H, Xin W, Zhao L. Computational Recognition of a Regulatory T-cell-specific Signature With Potential Implications in Prognosis, Immunotherapy, and Therapeutic Resistance of Prostate Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:807840. [PMID: 35812443 PMCID: PMC9259848 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.807840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer, recognized as a "cold" tumor, has an immunosuppressive microenvironment in which regulatory T cells (Tregs) usually play a major role. Therefore, identifying a prognostic signature of Tregs has promising benefits of improving survival of prostate cancer patients. However, the traditional methods of Treg quantification usually suffer from bias and variability. Transcriptional characteristics have recently been found to have a predictive power for the infiltration of Tregs. Thus, a novel machine learning-based computational framework has been presented using Tregs and 19 other immune cell types using 42 purified immune cell datasets from GEO to identify Treg-specific mRNAs, and a prognostic signature of Tregs (named "TILTregSig") consisting of five mRNAs (SOCS2, EGR1, RRM2, TPP1, and C11orf54) was developed and validated to monitor the prognosis of prostate cancer using the TCGA and ICGC datasets. The TILTregSig showed a stronger predictive power for tumor immunity compared with tumor mutation burden and glycolytic activity, which have been reported as immune predictors. Further analyses indicate that the TILTregSig might influence tumor immunity mainly by mediating tumor-infiltrating Tregs and could be a powerful predictor for Tregs in prostate cancer. Moreover, the TILTregSig showed a promising potential for predicting cancer immunotherapy (CIT) response in five CIT response datasets and therapeutic resistance in the GSCALite dataset in multiple cancers. Our TILTregSig derived from PBMCs makes it possible to achieve a straightforward, noninvasive, and inexpensive detection assay for prostate cancer compared with the current histopathological examination that requires invasive tissue puncture, which lays the foundation for the future development of a panel of different molecules in peripheral blood comprising a biomarker of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyi Ju
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jingyi Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuanjiang Zou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mingjie Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Longyang Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qian Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jia Bi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Baohui Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiutong Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinyue Song
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mingyan Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lifeng Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hui Kang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Xin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Akış S, Öztürk UK, Keleş E, Alınca CM, Api M, Kabaca C. The percentage of peripheral eosinophils as a sensitive marker for differentiating FIGO grade in endometrial adenocarcinomas. J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc 2022; 23:99-105. [PMID: 35263838 PMCID: PMC9161002 DOI: 10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2022.2021-9-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Studies on eosinophils have mostly been directed to parasitic infections and allergic diseases, but the role of eosinophils in oncology has been largely ignored. Eosinophils are an important modulator of the immune response and components of the inflammatory process against the tumor. This study was performed to investigate the pre-operative peripheral blood eosinophil percentages in patients with a histopathologically diagnosed pure endometrioid type endometrial carcinoma. Material and Methods: Patients’ data were analyzed in two groups as present/absent according to whether there are tumor metastases in the adnexes, lymph nodes, cervical stroma, and whether there was lymphovascular space invasion. FIGO grade was taken as the basis of the tumor grade: Low-grade equated to grade 1 or 2, and high-grade equated to grade 3. The requirement for lymph node dissection was based on the Mayo criteria. Results: The data of a total of 268 patients were included. The mean percentage of eosinophils in high-grade patients (n=29) was 2.75±0.35, and was significantly higher than the mean percentage of eosinophils of found in low-grade patients (n=239), which was 1.79±0.09 (p=0.013). Receiver operator curve analysis showed that a cut-off eosinophil percentage of 1.95% resulted in a sensitivity of 62% and specificity of 67% (p=0.004). Conclusion: Eosinophil percentages, which are a simple, easily accessible, and inexpensive can be an important pre-operative predictive tool. Eosinophil percentages can be used in determining the need for surgical staging in endometrial cancer.
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Blood Eosinophils Are Associated with Efficacy of Targeted Therapy in Patients with Advanced Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092294. [PMID: 35565423 PMCID: PMC9104271 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Eosinophils appear to contribute to the efficacy of immunotherapy and their frequency was suggested as a predictive biomarker. Whether this observation could be transferred to patients treated with targeted therapy remains unknown. Methods: Blood and serum samples of healthy controls and 216 patients with advanced melanoma were prospectively and retrospectively collected. Freshly isolated eosinophils were phenotypically characterized by flow cytometry and co-cultured in vitro with melanoma cells to assess cytotoxicity. Soluble serum markers and peripheral blood counts were used for correlative studies. Results: Eosinophil-mediated cytotoxicity towards melanoma cells, as well as phenotypic characteristics, were similar when comparing healthy donors and patients. However, high relative pre-treatment eosinophil counts were significantly associated with response to MAPKi (p = 0.013). Eosinophil-mediated cytotoxicity towards melanoma cells is dose-dependent and requires proximity of eosinophils and their target in vitro. Treatment with targeted therapy in the presence of eosinophils results in an additive tumoricidal effect. Additionally, melanoma cells affected eosinophil phenotype upon co-culture. Conclusion: High pre-treatment eosinophil counts in advanced melanoma patients were associated with a significantly improved response to MAPKi. Functionally, eosinophils show potent cytotoxicity towards melanoma cells, which can be reinforced by MAPKi. Further studies are needed to unravel the molecular mechanisms of our observations.
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45
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Sibille A, Corhay JL, Louis R, Ninane V, Jerusalem G, Duysinx B. Eosinophils and Lung Cancer: From Bench to Bedside. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095066. [PMID: 35563461 PMCID: PMC9101877 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Eosinophils are rare, multifunctional granulocytes. Their growth, survival, and tissue migration mainly depend on interleukin (IL)-5 in physiological conditions and on IL-5 and IL-33 in inflammatory conditions. Preclinical evidence supports an immunological role for eosinophils as innate immune cells and as agents of the adaptive immune response. In addition to these data, several reports show a link between the outcomes of patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) for advanced cancers and blood eosinophilia. In this review, we present, in the context of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the biological properties of eosinophils and their roles in homeostatic and pathological conditions, with a focus on their pro- and anti-tumorigenic effects. We examine the possible explanations for blood eosinophilia during NSCLC treatment with ICI. In particular, we discuss the value of eosinophils as a potential prognostic and predictive biomarker, highlighting the need for stronger clinical data. Finally, we conclude with perspectives on clinical and translational research topics on this subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Sibille
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Liège, Domaine de l’Université B35, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (J.-L.C.); (R.L.); (B.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-4-3667881
| | - Jean-Louis Corhay
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Liège, Domaine de l’Université B35, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (J.-L.C.); (R.L.); (B.D.)
| | - Renaud Louis
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Liège, Domaine de l’Université B35, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (J.-L.C.); (R.L.); (B.D.)
| | - Vincent Ninane
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, CHU Saint-Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Guy Jerusalem
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Liège, Domaine de l’Université B35, 4000 Liège, Belgium;
| | - Bernard Duysinx
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Liège, Domaine de l’Université B35, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (J.-L.C.); (R.L.); (B.D.)
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46
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Robinson I, Lucia GS, Li A, Oberholtzer N, Plante J, Quinn KM, Reuben D, Mehrotra S, Valdebran M. Eosinophils and melanoma: Implications for immunotherapy. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2022; 35:192-202. [PMID: 34927354 PMCID: PMC9012984 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.13025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
New therapies such as immune checkpoint blockers (ICB) have offered extended survival to patients affected by advanced melanoma. However, ICBs have demonstrated debilitating side effects on the joints, liver, lungs, skin, and gut. Several biomarkers have been identified for their role in predicting which patients better tolerate ICBs. Still, these biomarkers are limited by immunologic and genetic heterogeneity and the complexity of translation into clinical practice. Recent observational studies have suggested eosinophil counts, and serum levels of eosinophil cationic protein are significantly associated with prolonged survival in advanced-stage melanoma. It is likely that eosinophils thereby modulate treatment response through mechanisms yet to be explored. Here, we review the functionality of eosinophils, their oncogenic role in melanoma and discuss how these mechanisms may influence patient response to ICBs and their implications in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- India Robinson
- Department of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Gabriella Santa Lucia
- Department of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Andraia Li
- Department of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Nathaniel Oberholtzer
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - John Plante
- Department of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Kristen M Quinn
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Daniel Reuben
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Shikhar Mehrotra
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Manuel Valdebran
- Department of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
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47
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Loo K, Smithy JW, Postow MA, Betof Warner A. Factors Determining Long-Term Antitumor Responses to Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy in Melanoma. Front Immunol 2022; 12:810388. [PMID: 35087529 PMCID: PMC8787112 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.810388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increasing promise of long-term survival with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies, particularly for patients with advanced melanoma, clinicians and investigators are driven to identify prognostic and predictive factors that may help to identify individuals who are likely to experience durable benefit. Several ICB combinations are being actively developed to expand the armamentarium of treatments for patients who may not achieve long-term responses to ICB single therapies alone. Thus, negative predictive markers are also of great interest. This review seeks to deepen our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the durability of ICB treatments. We will discuss the currently available long-term data from the ICB clinical trials and real-world studies describing the survivorship of ICB-treated melanoma patients. Additionally, we explore the current treatment outcomes in patients rechallenged with ICB and the patterns of ICB resistance based on sites of disease, namely, liver or CNS metastases. Lastly, we discuss the landscape in melanoma in the context of prognostic or predictive factors as markers of long-term response to ICB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Loo
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital and Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - James W. Smithy
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Michael A. Postow
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Allison Betof Warner
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
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48
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Ghebeh H, Elshenawy MA, AlSayed AD, Al-Tweigeri T. Peripheral blood eosinophil count is associated with response to chemoimmunotherapy in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. Immunotherapy 2022; 14:189-199. [PMID: 34984928 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2021-0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: There is evidence for an association between peripheral blood eosinophil count (PBEC) and response to cancer immunotherapy; however, such data is limited in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC). Patients & methods: This report presents patients (n = 14) who received a combination of durvalumab and paclitaxel for mTNBC (NCT02628132). Results: There was a statistically significant correlation (p = 0.028) between an increase in PBEC (>300/mm3) during treatment and response to the combination therapy. Survival analysis showed a statistically significant association between progression-free survival and increased PBEC, after therapy (p = 0.005). A similar trend existed for overall survival, although it did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.167). Conclusion: This is the first study to report on eosinophilia in mTNBC treated with chemoimmunotherapy and supports a role for eosinophils in immunotherapy for mTNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem Ghebeh
- Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia.,College of Medicine, Al-Faisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud A Elshenawy
- Department of Medical Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Clinical Oncology, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Adher D AlSayed
- Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taher Al-Tweigeri
- Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
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49
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Arifa RDN, Brito CB, de Paula TP, Lima RL, Menezes‐Garcia Z, Cassini‐Vieira P, Vilas Boas FA, Queiroz‐Junior CM, da Silva JM, da Silva TA, Barcelos LS, Fagundes CT, Teixeira MM, Souza DG. Eosinophil plays a crucial role in intestinal mucositis induced by antineoplastic chemotherapy. Immunology 2021; 165:355-368. [DOI: 10.1111/imm.13442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel D N Arifa
- Laboratory of Microorganism‐Host Interaction Department of Microbiology
| | - Camila B Brito
- Laboratory of Microorganism‐Host Interaction Department of Microbiology
| | - Talles P de Paula
- Laboratory of Microorganism‐Host Interaction Department of Microbiology
| | - Renata L Lima
- Laboratory of Microorganism‐Host Interaction Department of Microbiology
| | | | | | | | - Celso M Queiroz‐Junior
- Department of Oral Pathology and Surgery Faculty of Dentistry Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Janine M da Silva
- Department of Oral Pathology and Surgery Faculty of Dentistry Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Tarcília A da Silva
- Department of Oral Pathology and Surgery Faculty of Dentistry Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | | | - Caio T. Fagundes
- Laboratory of Microorganism‐Host Interaction Department of Microbiology
- Center for Drug Research and Development of Pharmaceuticals
| | - Mauro M Teixeira
- Center for Drug Research and Development of Pharmaceuticals
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology Institute of Biological Sciences
| | - Daniele G. Souza
- Laboratory of Microorganism‐Host Interaction Department of Microbiology
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50
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Frigerio S, Lartey DA, D’Haens GR, Grootjans J. The Role of the Immune System in IBD-Associated Colorectal Cancer: From Pro to Anti-Tumorigenic Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12739. [PMID: 34884543 PMCID: PMC8657929 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have increased incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC). IBD-associated cancer follows a well-characterized sequence of intestinal epithelial changes, in which genetic mutations and molecular aberrations play a key role. IBD-associated cancer develops against a background of chronic inflammation and pro-inflammatory immune cells, and their products contribute to cancer development and progression. In recent years, the effect of the immunosuppressive microenvironment in cancer development and progression has gained more attention, mainly because of the unprecedented anti-tumor effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors in selected groups of patients. Even though IBD-associated cancer develops in the background of chronic inflammation which is associated with activation of endogenous anti-inflammatory or suppressive mechanisms, the potential role of an immunosuppressive microenvironment in these cancers is largely unknown. In this review, we outline the role of the immune system in promoting cancer development in chronic inflammatory diseases such as IBD, with a specific focus on the anti-inflammatory mechanisms and suppressive immune cells that may play a role in IBD-associated tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Frigerio
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.F.); (D.A.L.); (G.R.D.)
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dalia A. Lartey
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.F.); (D.A.L.); (G.R.D.)
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Geert R. D’Haens
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.F.); (D.A.L.); (G.R.D.)
| | - Joep Grootjans
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.F.); (D.A.L.); (G.R.D.)
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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