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Chi X, Sartor MA, Lee S, Anurag M, Patil S, Hall P, Wexler M, Wang XS. Universal concept signature analysis: genome-wide quantification of new biological and pathological functions of genes and pathways. Brief Bioinform 2021; 21:1717-1732. [PMID: 31631213 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbz093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying new gene functions and pathways underlying diseases and biological processes are major challenges in genomics research. Particularly, most methods for interpreting the pathways characteristic of an experimental gene list defined by genomic data are limited by their dependence on assessing the overlapping genes or their interactome topology, which cannot account for the variety of functional relations. This is particularly problematic for pathway discovery from single-cell genomics with low gene coverage or interpreting complex pathway changes such as during change of cell states. Here, we exploited the comprehensive sets of molecular concepts that combine ontologies, pathways, interactions and domains to help inform the functional relations. We first developed a universal concept signature (uniConSig) analysis for genome-wide quantification of new gene functions underlying biological or pathological processes based on the signature molecular concepts computed from known functional gene lists. We then further developed a novel concept signature enrichment analysis (CSEA) for deep functional assessment of the pathways enriched in an experimental gene list. This method is grounded on the framework of shared concept signatures between gene sets at multiple functional levels, thus overcoming the limitations of the current methods. Through meta-analysis of transcriptomic data sets of cancer cell line models and single hematopoietic stem cells, we demonstrate the broad applications of CSEA on pathway discovery from gene expression and single-cell transcriptomic data sets for genetic perturbations and change of cell states, which complements the current modalities. The R modules for uniConSig analysis and CSEA are available through https://github.com/wangxlab/uniConSig.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chi
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, U.S.A.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, U.S.A.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206, U.S.A.,CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Maureen A Sartor
- Department of Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, U.S.A
| | - Sanghoon Lee
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, U.S.A.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206, U.S.A
| | - Meenakshi Anurag
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, U.S.A
| | - Snehal Patil
- Department of Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, U.S.A
| | - Pelle Hall
- Department of Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, U.S.A
| | - Matthew Wexler
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, U.S.A.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, U.S.A.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206, U.S.A
| | - Xiao-Song Wang
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, U.S.A.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, U.S.A.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206, U.S.A.,Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, U.S.A
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Fernandes GW, Bocco BMLC. Hepatic Mediators of Lipid Metabolism and Ketogenesis: Focus on Fatty Liver and Diabetes. Curr Diabetes Rev 2021; 17:e110320187539. [PMID: 33143628 DOI: 10.2174/1573399816999201103141216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disorder that it is caused by the absence of insulin secretion due to the inability of the pancreas to produce it (type 1 diabetes; T1DM), or due to defects of insulin signaling in the peripheral tissues, resulting in insulin resistance (type 2 diabetes; T2DM). Commonly, the occurrence of insulin resistance in T2DM patients reflects the high prevalence of obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in these individuals. In fact, approximately 60% of T2DM patients are also diagnosed to have NAFLD, and this condition is strongly linked with insulin resistance and obesity. NAFLD is the hepatic manifestation of obesity and metabolic syndrome and includes a spectrum of pathological conditions, which range from simple steatosis (NAFL), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD manifestation is followed by a series of hepatic lipid deregulations and the main abnormalities are increased triglyceride levels, increased hepatic production of VLDL and a reduction in VLDL catabolism. During the progression of NAFLD, the production of ketone bodies progressively reduces while hepatic glucose synthesis and output increases. In fact, most of the fat that enters the liver can be disposed of through ketogenesis, preventing the development of NAFLD and hyperglycemia. OBJECTIVE This review will focus on the pathophysiological aspect of hepatic lipid metabolism deregulation, ketogenesis, and its relevance in the progression of NAFLD and T2DM. CONCLUSION A better understanding of the molecular mediators involved in lipid synthesis and ketogenesis can lead to new treatments for metabolic disorders in the liver, such as NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo W Fernandes
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Chicago, Chicago IL, United States
| | - Barbara M L C Bocco
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Chicago, Chicago IL, United States
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3
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Baldissera MD, Souza CF, Barroso DC, Pereira RS, Alessio KO, Bizzi C, Baldisserotto B, Val AL. Acute exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of copper affects branchial and hepatic phosphoryl transfer network of Cichlasoma amazonarum: Impacts on bioenergetics homeostasis. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 238:108846. [PMID: 32777469 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The toxic effects of copper (Cu) are linked to dysfunction of metabolism and depletion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Nevertheless, the effects related to phosphoryl transfer network, a network of enzymes to precise coupling of the ATP-production and ATP-consuming process for maintenance of bioenergetic, remain unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether the phosphoryl transfer network could be one pathway involved in the bioenergetic imbalance of Cichlasoma amazonarum exposed for 96 h to environmentally relevant concentrations of Cu found in Amazonia water around mines. Branchial mitochondrial creatine kinase (CK) activity was significantly lower in fish exposed to 1500 μg/L Cu than in the control group, while branchial cytosolic CK activity was significantly greater. Branchial (exposed to 750 and 1500 μg/L Cu) and hepatic (exposed to 1500 μg/L Cu) pyruvate kinase (PK) activity was significantly lower in fish exposed to Cu than in the control group. Branchial and hepatic ATP levels were significantly lower in fish exposed to 1500 μg/L than in the control group. Branchial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels were significantly higher in fish exposed to 750 and 1500 μg/L Cu compared to control. Hepatic ROS and LPO levels were significantly higher in fish exposed to 1500 μg/L than in the control group. Branchial and hepatic Cu levels were significantly higher in fish exposed to 1500 μg/L compared to other groups. Exposure to 750 and 1500 μg/L Cu impairs bioenergetics homeostasis, which appears to be mediated by ROS overproduction and lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Carine F Souza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Danilo C Barroso
- LEEM-Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Rogério Santos Pereira
- LEEM-Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Keiti O Alessio
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Cézar Bizzi
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Adalberto L Val
- LEEM-Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
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Abulizi A, Cardone RL, Stark R, Lewandowski SL, Zhao X, Hillion J, Ma L, Sehgal R, Alves TC, Thomas C, Kung C, Wang B, Siebel S, Andrews ZB, Mason GF, Rinehart J, Merrins MJ, Kibbey RG. Multi-Tissue Acceleration of the Mitochondrial Phosphoenolpyruvate Cycle Improves Whole-Body Metabolic Health. Cell Metab 2020; 32:751-766.e11. [PMID: 33147485 PMCID: PMC7679013 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial GTP (mtGTP)-dependent phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) cycle couples mitochondrial PEPCK (PCK2) to pyruvate kinase (PK) in the liver and pancreatic islets to regulate glucose homeostasis. Here, small molecule PK activators accelerated the PEP cycle to improve islet function, as well as metabolic homeostasis, in preclinical rodent models of diabetes. In contrast, treatment with a PK activator did not improve insulin secretion in pck2-/- mice. Unlike other clinical secretagogues, PK activation enhanced insulin secretion but also had higher insulin content and markers of differentiation. In addition to improving insulin secretion, acute PK activation short-circuited gluconeogenesis to reduce endogenous glucose production while accelerating red blood cell glucose turnover. Four-week delivery of a PK activator in vivo remodeled PK phosphorylation, reduced liver fat, and improved hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity in HFD-fed rats. These data provide a preclinical rationale for PK activation to accelerate the PEP cycle to improve metabolic homeostasis and insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca L Cardone
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Romana Stark
- Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Sophie L Lewandowski
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, and Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, and William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Xiaojian Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Joelle Hillion
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Lingjun Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Raghav Sehgal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Tiago C Alves
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Craig Thomas
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, and Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Bei Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Stephan Siebel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Zane B Andrews
- Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Graeme F Mason
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jesse Rinehart
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Matthew J Merrins
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, and Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, and William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Richard G Kibbey
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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Morselli MB, Reis JH, Baldissera MD, Souza CF, Baldisserotto B, Petrolli TG, Paiano D, Lopes DLA, Da Silva AS. Benefits of thymol supplementation on performance, the hepatic antioxidant system, and energetic metabolism in grass carp. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2020; 46:305-314. [PMID: 31673997 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-019-00718-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Thymol is an herbal food additive used to improve animal performance. Thymol acts via its potential to enhance productive and reproductive performance, and by improving bioavailability of nutrients in fish. Nevertheless, the exact mechanisms associated with these phenomena remain poorly understood, although recent evidence has suggested the involvement of the phosphotransfer network and antioxidant status. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether the improvement of the antioxidant/oxidant status and the phosphoryl transfer network may be involved in enhanced growth performance in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fed with various levels of thymol (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg feed). Thymol-supplementation (100 mg/kg feed) produced higher body weight and weight gain for 60-day post-feeding compared to the control group. Specific growth rate was higher; while feed conversion ratio was lower in fish that consumed 100 mg of thymol/kg compared to other groups. Hepatic lactate dehydrogenase activity and lipid peroxidation levels were lower in the thymol-supplemented group (100 mg/kg feed) than in the control group, while reactive oxygen species were lower in all supplemented groups than in the control group. Hepatic superoxide dismutase (300 mg/kg feed) and glutathione peroxidase (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg feed) activities, as well as antioxidant capacity against peroxyl radicals (100 mg/kg feed) were higher in these groups than in the control group. Based on these data, we conclude that 100 mg thymol/kg dietary supplementation increased growth performance of fingerling grass carp. Finally, hepatic adenylate kinase activity was lower in the thymol supplemented group (100 mg/kg feed) than in the control group. Thymol supplementation (100 mg/kg feed) improved hepatic energy metabolism, while practically all tested concentrations of thymol enhanced hepatic antioxidant status, all of which may be pathways involved in increased growth performance in fingerling grass carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique B Morselli
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, RS, Brazil
| | - João H Reis
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, RS, Brazil
| | - Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Carine F Souza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Tiago G Petrolli
- Graduate Program in Animal Health and Production in Small Farms, Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina, Xanxerê, Brazil
| | - Diovani Paiano
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, RS, Brazil
| | - Diogo L A Lopes
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, RS, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S Da Silva
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, RS, Brazil.
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Baldissera MD, de Freitas Souza C, Boaventura TP, Nakayama CL, Baldisserotto B, Luz RK. Involvement of the phosphoryl transfer network in gill bioenergetic imbalance of pacamã (Lophiosilurus alexandri) subjected to hypoxia: notable participation of creatine kinase. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2020; 46:405-416. [PMID: 31784931 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-019-00728-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is among the most critical environmental stressors for fish in aquatic environments, and several energetic alterations have been associated with it. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the involvement of the phosphoryl transfer network and its effects on adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent enzymes during hypoxia, as well as the role of oxidative stress in the activity of the phosphoryl transfer network in pacamã (Lophiosilurus alexandri) subjected to severe hypoxia. Branchial creatine kinase (CK; cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions), adenylate kinase (AK), and pyruvate kinase (PK) activities were inhibited after 72 h of exposure to hypoxia compared to their respective normoxia groups, and remained low (except for AK) after 24 and 72 h of re-oxygenation. Activities of the branchial sodium-potassium pump (Na+, K+-ATPase) and proton pump (H+-ATPase) were inhibited in fish exposed to 72 h of hypoxia compared to the normoxia group, remained inhibited after 24 h of re-oxygenation, and were restored to physiological levels after 72 h of re-oxygenation. Levels of branchial reactive oxygen species (ROS) were higher in fish exposed to hypoxia for 72 h compared to the normoxia group, and increased during re-oxygenation. Lipid peroxidation (LOOH) levels were higher in fish subjected to 72 h of hypoxia compared to the normoxia group, and remained higher during re-oxygenation. On the other hand, protein sulfhydryl (PSH) levels were lower in fish exposed to hypoxia for 72 h compared to the normoxia group, and remained low during re-oxygenation. Based on this evidence, inhibition of the activities of enzymes belonging to phosphoryl transfer network contributed to impairing energetic homeostasis linked to ATP production and ATP utilization in gills of pacamã subjected to hypoxia, and remained inhibited during re-oxygenation (except AK activity). Moreover, inhibition of the phosphoryl transfer network impaired activity of ATP-dependent enzymes, which can be mediated by ROS overproduction, lipid peroxidation, and oxidation of SH groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Carine de Freitas Souza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Tulio P Boaventura
- Laboratório de Aquacultura da Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Cintia L Nakayama
- Laboratório de Aquacultura da Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ronald K Luz
- Laboratório de Aquacultura da Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Morselli MB, Baldissera MD, Souza CF, Reis JH, Baldisserotto B, Sousa AA, Zimmer F, Lopes DLA, Petrolli TG, Da Silva AS. Effects of thymol supplementation on performance, mortality and branchial energetic metabolism in grass carp experimentally infected by Aeromonas hydrophila. Microb Pathog 2019; 139:103915. [PMID: 31809794 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We determined whether thymol supplementation of would minimize the negative effects of Aeromonas hydrophila infection on branchial energy metabolism, weight loss and mortality in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). We found that the infected fish all died, while 62.5% of those supplemented with 100 mg/kg thymol survived. Cytosolic and mitochondrial creatine kinase (CK) activities, as well as adenylate kinase (AK) and pyruvate kinase (PK) activities were significant lower in gills of A. hydrophila-infected fish than those of the control group, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels were significant lower in the infected group. Finally, branchial reactive oxygen species (ROS) were significant higher in A. hydrophila-infected fish than in the control group. Supplementation with 100 and 300 mg thymol/kg diet prevented inhibition of branchial cytosolic and mitochondrial CK activities caused by infection, and also inhibited the reduction of branchial ATP levels. Supplementation with 100, 200 and 300 mg thymol/kg prevented the inhibition of branchial AK and PK activities induced by aeromonosis. Supplementation of 100 mg thymol/kg prevented weight loss after A. hydrophila infection. These data suggest that supplementation with 100 mg thymol/kg exerts potent bactericidal properties and augments longevity. Supplementation at all concentrations of thymol prevented A. hydrophila-induced branchial bioenergetics; nevertheless, higher concentrations were associated with side-effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique B Morselli
- Graduate Program of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, RS, Brazil
| | - Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Carine F Souza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - João H Reis
- Graduate Program of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, RS, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Alison A Sousa
- Graduate Program of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernando Zimmer
- Graduate Program of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, RS, Brazil
| | - Diogo L A Lopes
- Graduate Program of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Aleksandro S Da Silva
- Graduate Program of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, RS, Brazil.
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Branchial bioenergetics dysfunction as a relevant pathophysiological mechanism in freshwater silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) experimentally infected with Flavobacterium columnare. Microb Pathog 2019; 138:103817. [PMID: 31672529 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Flavobacterium columnare, the causative agent of columnaris disease, is a serious bacterial disease responsible for causing devastating mortality rates in several species of freshwater fish, leading to severe economic losses in the aquaculture industry. Notwithstanding the enormous impacts this disease can have, very little is known regarding the interaction between the host and bacterium in terms of the mortality rate of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen), as well its linkage to gill energetic homeostasis. Therefore, we conducted independent experiments to evaluate the mortality rates caused by F. columnare in silver catfish, as well as whether columnaris disease impairs the enzymes of the phosphoryl transfer network in gills of silver catfish and the pathways involved in this inhibition. Experiment I revealed that clinical signs started to appear 72 h post-infection (hpi), manifesting as lethargy, skin necrosis, fin erosion and gill discoloration. Silver catfish began to die at 96 hpi, and 100% mortality was observed at 120 hpi. Experiment II revealed that creatine kinase (CK, cytosolic and mitochondrial) and pyruvate kinase (PK) activities were inhibited in silver catfish experimentally infected with F. columnare, while no significant difference was observed between experimental and control groups with respect to adenylate kinase activity. Activity of the branchial sodium-potassium pump (Na+, K+-ATPase) was inhibited while reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation levels were higher in silver catfish experimentally infected with F. columnare than in the control group at 72 hpi. Based on these data, the impairment of CK activity elicited by F. columnare caused a disruption in branchial energetic balance, possibly reducing ATP availability in the gills and provoking impairment of Na+, K +ATPase activity. The inhibition of CK and PK activities appears to be mediated by ROS overproduction and lipid peroxidation, both of which contribute to disease pathogenesis associated with branchial tissue.
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Baldissera MD, Freitas Souza CD, Dias JB, Da Silva AS, Baldisserotto B. Caffeine supplementation in diet mitigates Aeromonas hydrophila-induced impairment of the gill phosphotransfer network in grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella. Microb Pathog 2019; 136:103710. [PMID: 31493503 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Some evidence suggests the involvement of phosphotransfer network in the pathogenesis of fish bacterial diseases, catalyzed by creatine kinase (CK), pyruvate kinase (PK) and adenylate kinase (AK); nevertheless, the effects on fish affected by Aeromonas hydrophila remain unknown. Recent evidence suggested a potent protective effect of caffeine on the branchial phosphotransfer network of fish subjected to challenge conditions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether A. hydrophila infection impaired branchial bioenergetics. We also determined whether dietary supplementation with caffeine protected against A. hydrophila-induced gill bioenergetic imbalance. We found that branchial cytosolic CK and AK activities were significant lower in fish experimentally infected with A. hydrophila than in uninfected fish, while mitochondrial CK activity was significant higher. Branchial lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and lactate levels were significant higher in fish experimentally infected by A. hydrophila than in uninfected fish, while sodium-potassium ion pump (Na+, K+-ATPase) activity and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels were significant lower. No significant difference was observed between groups with respect to branchial PK activity. The dietary supplementation with 8% caffeine improved the branchial CK (cytosolic and mitochondrial), AK, and LDH activities, as well as ATP levels, but did not prevent increases in branchial lactate levels or the inhibition of Na+, K+-ATPase activity elicited by aeromonosis. Based on this evidence, we believe that reduction of CK (cytosolic) and AK activities contributes to impairment of bioenergetic homeostasis, while augmentation of mitochondrial CK activity can be considered an attempt to prevent or reduce the energetic imbalance during aeromonosis caused by A. hydrophila. The use of 8% caffeine dietary supplementation improved the energetic metabolism via protective effects on CK and AK activities, avoiding the necessity of using anaerobic metabolism. In summary, 8% dietary caffeine can be used to improve branchial energetic homeostasis during aeromonosis caused by A. hydrophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Carine de Freitas Souza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliane B Dias
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S Da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, RS, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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10
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Yue S, Yu J, Kong Y, Chen H, Mao M, Ji C, Shao S, Zhu J, Gu J, Zhao M. Metabolomic modulations of HepG2 cells exposed to bisphenol analogues. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 129:59-67. [PMID: 31121516 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol analogues including bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol AF (BPAF), bisphenol F (BPF), and bisphenol S (BPS) share similar chemical structures and endocrine disrupting effects. Their effects on metabolisms, however, are so far only marginally understood. In this study, NMR-based metabonomic profiles of HepG2 cell culture media and PCR array were used to assess the metabolomics disturbances and gene expression levels of HepG2 in response to four BPs (BPA, BPAF, BPF, and BPS). The results indicated that BP analogues resulted in disturbances in 7-15 metabolites that were classified as amino acid (alanine, glutamine, glutamate), intermediates and end-products in the glycolysis (pyruvate) and the tricarboxylic acid cycle (acetate, lactate). Their rank in order according to the number of metabolites and pathways was BPF > BPA > BPAF > BPS. The common disrupted pathways (pyruvate metabolism; alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism) indicated enhanced glycolysis. The following glucometabolic PCR array analysis suggested that although four BPs shared the capability of disrupting glucose metabolism, they may act through different mechanisms: BPAF has increased the pyruvate kinase (PKLR) expression level, which implied enhanced glycolysis that was agreed with NMR results. The other three BP analogues, however, decreased the expression level of glucokinase (GCK) that indicated glucose sensing impairment. Our results demonstrated the potential for using metabolomic and PCR array to understand the underlying action of mechanisms and identify the potential targets for future targeted risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqing Yue
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Yuan Kong
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Haofeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Manfei Mao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Chenyang Ji
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Shuai Shao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Jianqiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Jinping Gu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
| | - Meirong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
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11
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Westermeier F, Holyoak T, Asenjo JL, Gatica R, Nualart F, Burbulis I, Bertinat R. Gluconeogenic Enzymes in β-Cells: Pharmacological Targets for Improving Insulin Secretion. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2019; 30:520-531. [PMID: 31213347 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cells express the gluconeogenic enzymes glucose 6-phosphatase (G6Pase), fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (FBP), and phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) carboxykinase (PCK), which modulate glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) through their ability to reverse otherwise irreversible glycolytic steps. Here, we review current knowledge about the expression and regulation of these enzymes in the context of manipulating them to improve insulin secretion in diabetics. Because the regulation of gluconeogenic enzymes in β-cells is so poorly understood, we propose novel research avenues to study these enzymes as modulators of insulin secretion and β-cell dysfunction, with especial attention to FBP, which constitutes an attractive target with an inhibitor under clinical evaluation at present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Westermeier
- FH JOANNEUM Gesellschaft mbH University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Science, Eggenberger Allee 13, 8020 Graz, Austria
| | - Todd Holyoak
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Joel L Asenjo
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Independencia 631, 5110566 Valdivia, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Gatica
- Escuela de Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, La Pirámide 5750, 8580745 Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Nualart
- Centro de Microscopía Avanzada, CMA BIO, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160 C, 4030000 Concepción, Chile
| | - Ian Burbulis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Jordan Hall Room 6022, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Escuela de Medicina, Universidad San Sebastián, Sede Patagonia, Lago Panguipulli 1390, 5501842 Puerto Montt, Chile
| | - Romina Bertinat
- Centro de Microscopía Avanzada, CMA BIO, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160 C, 4030000 Concepción, Chile.
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12
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Salvadori Schafer A, D Baldissera M, Bagolin da Silva C, Sorraila de Oliveira J, Igor Magalhães de Matos AF, Lopes Dornelles G, Grando TH, Trevisan Gressler L, Stefanello S, Santi E, Pelegrine Minho A, Rodrigues D, F Souza C, L R Leal M, G Monteiro S, T A Lopes S, Melazzo de Andrade C. Copper oxide and closantel prevent alterations in hepatic energetic metabolism and reduce inflammation in Haemonchus contortus infection. Exp Parasitol 2019; 204:107726. [PMID: 31299264 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2019.107726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to evaluate if the use of copper oxide wire particles, isolated or in association with closantel, in lambs infected with Haemonchus contortus enhances the anthelmintic efficacy of closantel, as well as to evaluate the effects of treatment in hepatic energy metabolism, inflammatory markers and hematological and biochemical tests. The lambs were randomly divided into five groups (6 animals each), as follows: uninfected animals (Control); animals infected with H. contortus (HC); infected and treated with closantel (HC + CL); infected and treated with copper oxide wire particles (HC + Cu); and infected and treated with closantel plus copper oxide wire particles (HC + CL + Cu). The animals of infected groups were infected orally with H. contortus (5,000 L3 -larvae) and on day 14 post infection (p.i) the treatments were initiated. The egg per gram of feces (EPG), butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), myeloperoxidase (MPO), adenylate kinase (AK) and pyruvate kinase (PK) activities and hematological and biochemical tests were evaluated. Treatments with copper oxide (isolated and associated) were able to reduce the EPG count on days 28, 35, 42 and 49 p.i when compared to HC group, while closantel was able to reduce EPG only from day 35 p.i. Moreover, treatment with closantel (isolated or associated) was able to prevent the inhibition of hepatic AK and PK activities caused by H. contortus infection, which may contribute to efficient intracellular energetic communication in order to maintain the balance between cellular ATP consumption and production. Butyrylcholinesterase and MPO activities were higher in infected lambs compared to uninfected, while treated groups showed lower enzymatic activity compared to the group HC. The use of all therapeutic protocols was able to reduce the EPG count. Based on these evidences, the use of copper oxide plus closantel may be considered an alternative to treat lambs infected by H. contortus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Salvadori Schafer
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas Veterinárias, Departamento de Clínica de Pequenos Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº1000, Santa Maria, Brazil.
| | - Matheus D Baldissera
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Cássia Bagolin da Silva
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas Veterinárias, Departamento de Clínica de Pequenos Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº1000, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Juliana Sorraila de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº1000, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Guilherme Lopes Dornelles
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas Veterinárias, Departamento de Clínica de Pequenos Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº1000, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Thirssa Helena Grando
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Lucas Trevisan Gressler
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Simone Stefanello
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabologia Animal, Departamento de Clínica de Grandes Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº1000, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Santi
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Daniele Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas Veterinárias, Departamento de Clínica de Pequenos Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº1000, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Carine F Souza
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Av. Roraima nº1000, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marta L R Leal
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabologia Animal, Departamento de Clínica de Grandes Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº1000, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Silvia G Monteiro
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Sonia T A Lopes
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas Veterinárias, Departamento de Clínica de Pequenos Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº1000, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Cinthia Melazzo de Andrade
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas Veterinárias, Departamento de Clínica de Pequenos Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº1000, Santa Maria, Brazil
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13
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Reduced expression of pyruvate kinase in kidney proximal tubule cells is a potential mechanism of pravastatin altered glucose metabolism. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5318. [PMID: 30926836 PMCID: PMC6440950 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39461-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have reported that statins are associated with increased incidence of diabetes. Although several mechanisms have been proposed, the role of the kidney's glucose metabolism upon statin treatment is still unclear. Thus, we investigated the role of pravastatin in gluconeogenesis and glycolysis. HK-2 and HepG2 cells were treated with pravastatin and cultured under either high- or normal-cholesterol conditions. In HK-2 cells treated with pravastatin under both high- and normal-cholesterol conditions, the protein expression of only pyruvate kinase isozymes L/R (PKLR) decreased in a dose-dependent manner, while the protein expression of other glucose metabolism related enzymes remained unchanged. Within the in vivo experiment, male C57BL/6 mice were fed either pravastatin-treated normal-fat diets for 2 or 4 weeks or pravastatin-treated high-fat diets for 16 weeks. Protein expression of PKLR in the kidneys from mice that consumed pravastatin-treated high-fat diets decreased significantly compared to the controls. Upon the treatments of pravastatin, only the PKLR expression decreased in lean mice. Furthermore, PKLR activity decreased significantly in the kidney after pravastatin treatments. However, there was no change in enzyme activity in the liver, suggesting that pravastatin decreased PKLR activity only in the kidney. This change may be associated with the hyperglycemic effect of statins.
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14
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Intestinal injury caused by Eimeria spp. impairs the phosphotransfer network and gain weight in experimentally infected chicken chicks. Parasitol Res 2019; 118:1573-1579. [PMID: 30815727 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-019-06221-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Parasitic infections caused by protozoan belonging to genus Eimeria are considered important for the poultry industry, due to their severe intestinal lesions and high mortality rates, causing significant economic losses. Although several mechanisms of coccidiosis pathogenesis are known, the effects of this infection on intestinal enzymes linked to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) metabolism, as creatine kinase (CK), adenylate kinase (AK), and pyruvate kinase (PK), remain unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether coccidiosis impairs enzymes linked ATP metabolism in the intestine of chicken chicks. For this, 42 animals that were 2 days old were divided into two groups: uninfected (the negative control group) and experimentally infected on second day of life (the positive control group). On days 5, 10, and 15 post-infection (PI), fecal samples were collected for oocyst counts; intestinal tissue was collected in order to evaluate CK, AK, and PK activities, as well as parameters of the oxidative stress and histopathology. On days 10 and 15 PI, infected animals showed high counts of oocysts in fecal samples and intestinal lesions compared to the control group. Cytosolic CK activity was higher in infected animals on days 10 and 15 PI compared to the control group, while mitochondrial CK activity was lower on days 5, 10, and 15 PI. Also, AK activity was lower in infected animals on days 10 and 15 PI compared to control group, while no differences were observed between groups regarding PK activity. In relation to parameters of oxidative stress, intestinal lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species levels were higher in infected animals on days 10 and 15 PI compared to the control group, while non-protein thiol levels were lower on day 10 PI. On the 15th day, infected animals had lower body weight (P < 0.05). Based on this evidence, inhibition of mitochondrial CK activity causes an impairment of intestinal energetic homeostasis possibly through depletion on ATP levels, although the cytosolic CK activity acted as an attempt to restore the mitochondrial ATP levels through a feedback mechanism. Moreover, the impairment on energy metabolism appears to be mediated by excessive production of intestinal ROS, as well as oxidation of lipids and thiol groups.
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15
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Baldissera MD, Souza CF, Descovi SN, Zanella R, Prestes OD, de Matos AF, da Silva AS, Baldisserotto B, Gris A, Mendes RE. Disturbance of energetic homeostasis and oxidative damage provoked by trichlorfon as relevant toxicological mechanisms using silver catfish as experimental model. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 299:94-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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16
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Fortuoso BF, Baldissera MD, Souza CF, Griss LG, Casagrande RA, de Cristo TG, Santiani F, da Cunha MG, Boiago MM, Stefani LM, Da Silva AS. Impairment of the phosphotransfer network and performance in broiler chickens experimentally infected by Eimeria spp.: The role of the oxidative stress. Parasitol Int 2019; 70:16-22. [PMID: 30654027 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether infection Eimeria spp. in broiler chickens could negatively affect seric enzymes linked to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) metabolism and its relationship to oxidative stress. For this, 30 broiler chickens, 27 days-old, were divided into two groups (n = 15): the control group (C) and the group infected by Eimeria spp. (I). On days 1, 7 and 15 of the experiment, the animals were weighed, and fecal and blood samples were collected to evaluate the presence of oocysts and for serum biochemistry and enzymatic parameters, respectively. On day 15, one animal per repetition was submitted to euthanasia and intestinal fragments were collected for histopathological analyses. The body weight was lower in infected animals on day 15 of experiment, while oocyst counts were higher in infected animals on days 7 and 15 of the experiment. Serum levels of globulins were lower in infected animals on days 7 and 15 of experiment, while uric acid levels were higher in the same days, which represent changes on the immune system. Compared to the uninfected animals, on days 7 and 15, levels of serum globulins, triglycerides, creatine kinase and cholesterol were lower. Levels of adenylate kinase and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were higher on both days in infected animals, while levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) were elevated on day 15. Lesions and immature forms of the parasite were observed in the intestines of infected birds. The phosphotransfer network elicited by an oxidative stress negatively affected the performance of broiler chickens with coccidiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno F Fortuoso
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Brazil
| | - Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Carine F Souza
- Graduate Program of Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Luiz Gustavo Griss
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Brazil
| | - Renata A Casagrande
- Graduate Program in Animal Production, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Lages, Brazil
| | - Thierry G de Cristo
- Graduate Program in Animal Production, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Lages, Brazil
| | - Fábio Santiani
- Graduate Program in Animal Production, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Lages, Brazil
| | - Marily G da Cunha
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Brazil
| | - Marcel M Boiago
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Brazil
| | - Lenita M Stefani
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S Da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Brazil; Graduate Program of Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil.
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17
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Liu Z, Zhang C, Lee S, Kim W, Klevstig M, Harzandi AM, Sikanic N, Arif M, Ståhlman M, Nielsen J, Uhlen M, Boren J, Mardinoglu A. Pyruvate kinase L/R is a regulator of lipid metabolism and mitochondrial function. Metab Eng 2019; 52:263-272. [PMID: 30615941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been associated with altered expression of liver-specific genes including pyruvate kinase liver and red blood cell (PKLR), patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3 (PNPLA3) and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). Here, we inhibited and overexpressed the expression of these three genes in HepG2 cells, generated RNA-seq data before and after perturbation and revealed the altered global biological functions with the modulation of these genes using integrated network (IN) analysis. We found that modulation of these genes effects the total triglycerides levels within the cells and viability of the cells. Next, we generated IN for HepG2 cells, identified reporter transcription factors based on IN and found that the modulation of these genes affects key metabolic pathways associated with lipid metabolism (steroid biosynthesis, PPAR signalling pathway, fatty acid synthesis and oxidation) and cancer development (DNA replication, cell cycle and p53 signalling) involved in the progression of NAFLD and HCC. Finally, we observed that inhibition of PKLR lead to decreased glucose uptake and decreased mitochondrial activity in HepG2 cells. Hence, our systems level analysis indicated that PKLR can be targeted for development efficient treatment strategy for NAFLD and HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengtao Liu
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sunjae Lee
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Woonghee Kim
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martina Klevstig
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Azadeh M Harzandi
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natasa Sikanic
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Muhammad Arif
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marcus Ståhlman
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jens Nielsen
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mathias Uhlen
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Boren
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Adil Mardinoglu
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden; Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Dental Institute, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom.
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18
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Involvement of the phosphoryl transfer network on cardiac energetic metabolism during Staphylococcus aureus infection and its association to disease pathophysiology. Microb Pathog 2018; 126:318-322. [PMID: 30439401 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Evidences have suggested that the phosphoryl transfer network by the enzymatic activities of creatine kinase (CK), adenylate kinase (AK), pyruvate kinase (PK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), shows new perspectives to understand some disturbances in the energy metabolism during bacterial infections. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether Staphylococcus aureus infection in mice could alter serum and cardiac activities of these enzymes and their association to disease pathophysiology. For that, we measured total leukocytes, lymphocytes and neutrophils (just 48 h of infection) that were lower in infected animals after 48 and 72 h in infected mice compared with negative control, while total protein and globulin plasma levels were higher after 72 h of infection. The serum CK activity was higher in infected animals 48 and 72 h post-infection compared to the control group, as well as observed for mitochondrial cardiac CK activity. The serum PK activity was higher in infected animals after 72 h of infection compared to the control group, and lower in the cardiac tissue. The cardiac AK activity was lower in infected animals 48 h and 72 h post-infection compared to the control group, while serum and cardiac LDH activities were higher. Based on these evidences, it is possible to conclude that the stimulation of CK activity exerts a key role as an attempt to maintain the bioenergetic homeostasis by the production of phosphocreatine to avoid a rapid fall on the concentrations of total adenosine triphosphate. In summary, the phosphoryl transfer network can be considered a pathway involved in the improvement on tissue and cellular energy homeostasis of S. aureus-infected mice.
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Baldissera MD, Souza CF, Baldisserotto B. Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil prevents bioenergetics dysfunction in spleen of silver catfish naturally infected with Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. Microb Pathog 2018; 123:47-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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20
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Baldissera MD, Souza CF, De Matos AFIM, Baldisserotto B, da Silva AS, Monteiro SG. Tissue oxidative damage mediates impairment on phosphotransfer network during thymol intake: Effects on hepatic and renal bioenergetics. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 296:83-88. [PMID: 30243740 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidences demonstrated that ingestion of several monoterpenes cause hepatic and renal damage due to impairment on mitochondrial energy production, eliciting a collapse on adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis and consequently impairment on bioenergetic homeostasis. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether phosphotransfer network, catalyzed by creatine kinase (CK), adenylate kinase (AK), and pyruvate kinase (PK), can be a pathway to explain hepatic and renal bioenergetics homeostasis impairment due to thymol ingestion. Daily intake of thymol (40 mg/kg) significantly cause a decreased kidney weight and relative kidney weight compared to control group. The same dose of thymol inhibited renal cytosolic and mitochondrial CK activity as well as renal PK activity compared to control group. Finally, thymol (40 mg/kg) elicited a significant increase on renal reactive oxygen species and lipid damage levels, as well as an inhibition on antioxidant capacity against peroxyl radicals and non-protein thiol levels, which did not occur liver. Doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg of thymol administered orally for 30 consecutive days non-changed these variables. Based on these evidence, the data supported that intake of a high dose of thymol severely inhibits cytosolic and mitochondrial CK activity, a crucial enzyme to maintain cellular energy homeostasis. Moreover, high dietary thymol intake impaired communication between CK isoenzymes, which inhibits the attempts to regenerate ATP or to facilitate the CK/PCr shuttle to improve the intracellular ATP utilization and consumption. Moreover, the inhibition of renal CK and PK activities appears to be mediated by the renal oxidation of lipids and thiol groups, as well as by the reduction of the renal antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Carine F Souza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, RS, Brazil
| | - Silvia G Monteiro
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Jaguezeski AM, Baldissera MD, Rhoden LA, Gomes TMA, Mendes RE, Bottari NB, Morsch VM, Schetinger MRC, Stefani LM, Giongo JL, Vaucher RA, Da Silva AS. Listeria monocytogenes impairs enzymes of the phosphotransfer network and alters antioxidant/oxidant status in cattle brain structures. Microb Pathog 2018; 124:284-290. [PMID: 30142467 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Several evidences have suggested the involvement of enzymes belonging to the phosphotransfer network, formed by creatine kinase (CK), pyruvate kinase (PK) and adenylate kinase (AK), as well the oxidative stress on the pathogenesis of infectious diseases associated with the central nervous system (CNS). Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether listeriosis alters the brain energy metabolism and/or causes oxidative stress in different brain structures of cattle experimentally infected by Listeria monocytogenes. The cytosolic CK activity was inhibited in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, brainstem and hippocampus of infected animals compared to uninfected animals, while the mitochondrial CK activity was increased. The PK activity was inhibited in all brain structures of infected animals, while the AK activity was unchanged. Na+, K+-ATPase activity decreased in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum and hippocampus of animals infected by L. monocytogenes. Regarding the oxidative strees variables, the cerebellum and brainstem of infected animals showed increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, while the catalase activity was inhibited. Glutathione S-transferarase was inhibited in the cerebral cortex and brainstem of infected animals, and it was increased in the cerebellum. L. monocytogenes was quantified in the liver (n = 5/5) and cerebral cortex (n = 4/5) of the infected cattle. Based on these evidences, the nucleocytoplasmic communication between CK isoenzymes was insufficient to avoid an impairment of cerebral bioenergetics. Moreover, the inhibition on brain PK activity caused an impairment in the communication between sites of ATP generation and ATP utilization. The lipid peroxidation and alteration on antioxidant status observed in some brain structures were also involved during the disease. In summary, these alterations contribute to disease pathogenesis linked to CNS during cattle listeriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonise M Jaguezeski
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Leandro A Rhoden
- Laboratory of Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense, Concórdia, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Teane M A Gomes
- Laboratory of Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense, Concórdia, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Laboratory of Pathology, Instituto Federal Catarinense, Concórdia, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Nathieli B Bottari
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Vera M Morsch
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Rosa C Schetinger
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Lenita M Stefani
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Janice L Giongo
- Pharmacy Laboratory, Faculdade Anhanguera, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A Vaucher
- Laboratory of Biochemistry Research and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (LaPeBBiOM), Universidade Federal de Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro Schafer Da Silva
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Baldissera MD, Souza CF, Zeppenfeld CC, Descovi S, da Silva AS, Baldisserotto B. Changes in the cerebral phosphotransfer network impair energetic homeostasis in an aflatoxin B 1-contaminated diet. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2018; 44:1051-1059. [PMID: 29546539 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-018-0493-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The phosphotransfer network system, through the enzymes creatine kinase (CK), adenylate kinase (AK), and pyruvate kinase (PK), contributes to efficient intracellular energetic communication between cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) consumption and production in tissues with high energetic demand, such as cerebral tissue. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) intoxication in diet negatively affects the cerebral phosphotransfer network related to impairment of cerebral ATP levels in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). Brain cytosolic CK activity decreased in animals fed with a diet contaminated with AFB1 on days 14 and 21 post-feeding, while mitochondrial CK activity increased, when compared to the control group (basal diet). Also, cerebral AK and PK activity decreased in animals fed with a diet contaminated with AFB1 on days 14 and 21 post-feeding, similarly to the results observed for cerebral ATP levels. Based on this evidence, inhibition of cerebral cytosolic CK activity is compensated by stimulation of mitochondrial CK activity in an attempt to prevent impairment of communication between sites of ATP generation and ATP utilization. The inhibition of cerebral AK and PK activity leads to impairment of cerebral energy homeostasis, decreasing the brain's ATP availability. Moreover, the absence of a reciprocal compensatory mechanism between these enzymes contributes to cerebral energetic imbalance, which may contribute to disease pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Carine F Souza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Carla Cristina Zeppenfeld
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Sharine Descovi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, RS, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Baldissera MD, Souza CF, Golombieski JI, Seben D, Sippert LR, Salbego J, Zanella R, Baldisserotto B. Thiamethoxam induced hepatic energy changes in silver catfish via impairment of the phosphoryl transfer network pathway: Toxicological effects on energetics homeostasis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 60:1-4. [PMID: 29631152 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Precise coupling of spatially separated intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-producing and ATP-consuming processes exerts a pivotal role in bioenergetic homeostasis of living organisms, and the phosphotransfer network pathway, catalyzed by adenylate kinase (AK) and pyruvate kinase (PK), is fundamental in cellular and tissue energetic homeostasis. Measurement of the phosphotransfer network can provide new information for understanding the alterations in hepatic energetic metabolism during exposition to insecticides, such as thiamethoxam. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether exposition to thiamethoxam negatively affects the hepatic enzymes of the phosphotransfer network in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). Hepatic AK and PK activities were inhibited at 3.75 μg L-1 after 24 h of exposure and at 1.125 and 3.75 μg L-1 after 96 h of exposure compared with the control group. The hepatic ATP levels were decreased following 3.75 μg L-1 thiamethoxam treatment after 24 h of exposure and at 1.125 and 3.75 μg L-1 after 96 h of exposure compared with the control group. The enzymatic activity of the phosphotransfer network and ATP levels did not recover after 48 h of recovery in clean water. Thus, the inhibition of hepatic AK and PK activities by thiamethoxam caused impairment of energy homeostasis in liver tissue, decreasing hepatic ATP availability. Moreover, the absence of a mutual compensatory mechanism between these enzymes directly contributes to ATP depletion and to a severe energetic dysregulation, which may contribute to toxic effects caused by thiamethoxam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Carine F Souza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline I Golombieski
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Technology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Débora Seben
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Technology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Letícia R Sippert
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Technology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Joseânia Salbego
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Renato Zanella
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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Baldissera MD, Souza CF, Verdi CM, Dos Santos KLM, Da Veiga ML, da Rocha MIUM, Santos RCV, Vizzotto BS, Baldisserotto B. Aeromonas caviae inhibits hepatic enzymes of the phosphotransfer network in experimentally infected silver catfish: Impairment on bioenergetics. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2018; 41:469-474. [PMID: 29193157 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have been demonstrated that phosphotransfer network, through the adenylate kinase (AK) and pyruvate kinase (PK) activities, allows for new perspectives leading to understanding of disease conditions associated with disturbances in energy metabolism, metabolic monitoring and signalling. In this sense, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether experimental infection by Aeromonas caviae alters hepatic AK and PK activities of silver catfish Rhamdia quelen. Hepatic AK and PK activities decreased in infected animals compared to uninfected animals, as well as the hepatic adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels. Also, a severe hepatic damage was observed in the infected animals due to the presence of dilation and congestion of vessels, degeneration of hepatocytes and loss of liver parenchyma architecture and sinusoidal structure. Therefore, we have demonstrated, for the first time, that experimental infection by A. caviae inhibits key enzymes linked to the communication between sites of ATP generation and ATP utilization. Moreover, the absence of a reciprocal compensatory mechanism between these enzymes contributes directly to hepatic damage and for a severe energetic imbalance, which may contribute to disease pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Baldissera
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - C F Souza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - C M Verdi
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - K L M Dos Santos
- Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - M L Da Veiga
- Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - M I U M da Rocha
- Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - R C V Santos
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - B S Vizzotto
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Centro Universitário Franciscano, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - B Baldisserotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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Baldissera MD, Souza CF, Junior GB, Moreira KLS, da Veiga ML, da Rocha MIUM, Baldisserotto B. Citrobacter freundii impairs the phosphoryl transfer network in the gills of Rhamdia quelen: Impairment of bioenergetics homeostasis. Microb Pathog 2018; 117:157-161. [PMID: 29471134 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The precise coupling of spatially separated intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-producing and ATP-consuming, catalyzed by creatine kinase (CK), adenylate kinase (AK), and pyruvate kinase (PK), is a critical process in the bioenergetics of tissues with high energy demand, such as the branchial tissue. The effects of Citrobacter freundii infection on gills remain poorly understood, limited only to histopathological studies. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether experimental infection by C. freundii impairs the enzymes of the phosphoryl transfer network in gills of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). The CK (cytosolic and mitochondrial) and AK activities decreased in infected compared to uninfected animals, while the PK activity did not differ between groups. The gill histopathology of infected animals revealed extensive degeneration with fusion and necrosis of secondary lamellae, detachment of superficial epithelium, aneurysm, vessel congestion and inflammatory process. Based on these evidences, the inhibition and absence of an efficient communication between CK compartments caused the impairment of the branchial bioenergetics homeostasis, which was not compensated by the augmentation on branchial AK activity in an attempt to restore energy homeostasis. In summary, these alterations contribute to disease pathogenesis linked to branchial tissue in animals infected with C. freundii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Carine F Souza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Guerino B Junior
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Karen Luise S Moreira
- Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo L da Veiga
- Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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26
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Ichthyophthirius multifiliis impairs splenic enzymes of the phosphoryl transfer network in naturally infected Rhamdia quelen: effects on energetic homeostasis. Parasitol Res 2017; 117:413-418. [PMID: 29247443 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-017-5715-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Its integrated energetic and metabolic signaling roles place the phosphoryl transfer network, through the enzymes creatine kinase (CK), adenylate kinase (AK), and pyruvate kinase (PK), as a regulatory system coordinating components of the cellular bioenergetics network. Analysis of these enzymes provides new information and perspectives with which to understand disturbances in energetic metabolism between sites of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation and utilization. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the involvement of the phosphoryl transfer network in splenic tissue linked with the pathogenesis of silver catfish naturally infected with Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. Splenic cytosolic and mitochondrial CK activities decreased in infected animals compared to uninfected animals, as was also observed for splenic PK activity and splenic ATP levels. In contrast, splenic AK activity increased in infected animals compared to uninfected animals. Based on this evidence, the inhibition and absence of efficient communication between CK isoenzymes cause the impairment of splenic bioenergetics, which is in turn compensated by the augmentation of splenic AK activity in an attempt to restore energy homeostasis. The inhibition of splenic PK activity impairs communication between sites of ATP generation and ATP utilization, as corroborated by splenic ATP depletion. In summary, these alterations contribute to disease pathogenesis linked to spleen tissue in animals infected with white spot disease.
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27
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Lee S, Zhang C, Liu Z, Klevstig M, Mukhopadhyay B, Bergentall M, Cinar R, Ståhlman M, Sikanic N, Park JK, Deshmukh S, Harzandi AM, Kuijpers T, Grøtli M, Elsässer SJ, Piening BD, Snyder M, Smith U, Nielsen J, Bäckhed F, Kunos G, Uhlen M, Boren J, Mardinoglu A. Network analyses identify liver-specific targets for treating liver diseases. Mol Syst Biol 2017; 13:938. [PMID: 28827398 PMCID: PMC5572395 DOI: 10.15252/msb.20177703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We performed integrative network analyses to identify targets that can be used for effectively treating liver diseases with minimal side effects. We first generated co-expression networks (CNs) for 46 human tissues and liver cancer to explore the functional relationships between genes and examined the overlap between functional and physical interactions. Since increased de novo lipogenesis is a characteristic of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we investigated the liver-specific genes co-expressed with fatty acid synthase (FASN). CN analyses predicted that inhibition of these liver-specific genes decreases FASN expression. Experiments in human cancer cell lines, mouse liver samples, and primary human hepatocytes validated our predictions by demonstrating functional relationships between these liver genes, and showing that their inhibition decreases cell growth and liver fat content. In conclusion, we identified liver-specific genes linked to NAFLD pathogenesis, such as pyruvate kinase liver and red blood cell (PKLR), or to HCC pathogenesis, such as PKLR, patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3 (PNPLA3), and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), all of which are potential targets for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunjae Lee
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhengtao Liu
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martina Klevstig
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bani Mukhopadhyay
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mattias Bergentall
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Resat Cinar
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marcus Ståhlman
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Natasha Sikanic
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joshua K Park
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sumit Deshmukh
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Azadeh M Harzandi
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tim Kuijpers
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Morten Grøtli
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Simon J Elsässer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Brian D Piening
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ulf Smith
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jens Nielsen
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Bäckhed
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - George Kunos
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mathias Uhlen
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Boren
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Adil Mardinoglu
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Baldissera MD, Souza CF, Santos RC, Stefani LM, Moreira KLS, da Veiga ML, da Rocha MIU, Baldisserotto B. Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PA01 impairs enzymes of the phosphotransfer network in the gills of Rhamdia quelen. Vet Microbiol 2017; 201:121-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Antidiabetic and Antinephritic Activities of Aqueous Extract of Cordyceps militaris Fruit Body in Diet-Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Sprague Dawley Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:9685257. [PMID: 27274781 PMCID: PMC4870376 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9685257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Cordyceps militaris has long been used as a crude drug and folk tonic food in East Asia. The present study aims to evaluate the antidiabetic and antinephritic effects of the aqueous extract of the Cordyceps militaris fruit body (CM) in diet-streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic rats. During four weeks of continuous oral administration of CM at doses of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g/kg and metformin at 100 mg/kg, the fasting blood glucose and bodyweight of each rat were monitored. Hypoglycemic effects of CM on diabetic rats were indicated by decreases in plasma glucose, food and water intake, and urine output. The hypolipidemic activity of CM was confirmed by the normalization of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in diabetic rats. Inhibitory effects on albuminuria, creatinine, urea nitrogen, and n-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase verified CM's renal protective activity in diabetic rats. Furthermore, CM exerted beneficial modulation of inflammatory factors and oxidative enzymes. Compared with untreated diabetic rats, CM decreased the expression of phosphor-AKT and phosphor-GSK-3β in the kidneys. Altogether, via attenuating oxidative stress, CM displayed antidiabetic and antinephritic activities in diet-STZ-induced diabetic rats.
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Amelio I, Landré V, Knight RA, Lisitsa A, Melino G, Antonov AV. Polypharmacology of small molecules targeting the ubiquitin-proteasome and ubiquitin-like systems. Oncotarget 2016; 6:9646-56. [PMID: 25991664 PMCID: PMC4496386 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and ubiquitin-like signalling systems (UBL) has been considered a promising therapeutic strategy to treat cancer, neurodegenerative and immunological disorders. There have been multiple efforts recently to identify novel compounds that efficiently modulate the activities of different disease-specific components of the UPS-UBL. However, it is evident that polypharmacology (the ability to affect multiple independent protein targets) is a basic property of small molecules and even highly potent molecules would have a number of "off target" effects. Here we have explored publicly available high-throughput screening data covering a wide spectrum of currently accepted drug targets in order to understand polypharmacology of small molecules targeting different components of the UPS-UBL. We have demonstrated that molecules targeting a given UPS-UBL protein also have high odds to target a given off target spectrum. Moreover, the off target spectrum differs significantly between different components of UPS-UBL. This information can be utilized further in drug discovery efforts, to improve drug efficiency and to reduce the risk of potential side effects of the prospective drugs designed to target specific UPS-UBL components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivano Amelio
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, Leicester, UK
| | - Vivien Landré
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Andrey Lisitsa
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry of The Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Gerry Melino
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, Leicester, UK.,Department of Experimental Medicine & Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
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31
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Relationship between pathological findings and enzymes of the energy metabolism in liver of rats infected by Trypanosoma evansi. Parasitol Int 2015; 64:547-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2015.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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32
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Jiang N, Zhang S, Zhu J, Shang J, Gao X. Hypoglycemic, Hypolipidemic and Antioxidant Effects of Peptides from Red Deer Antlers in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2015; 236:71-9. [DOI: 10.1620/tjem.236.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Jiang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Hubei University for Nationalities
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Shuangjian Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Jing Zhu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Jing Shang
- New Drug Screening Center, China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Xiangdong Gao
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University
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Tabassum R, Mahajan A, Dwivedi OP, Chauhan G, Spurgeon CJ, Kumar MVK, Ghosh S, Madhu SV, Mathur SK, Chandak GR, Tandon N, Bharadwaj D. Common variants of SLAMF1 and ITLN1 on 1q21 are associated with type 2 diabetes in Indian population. J Hum Genet 2012; 57:184-90. [DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2011.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Abstract
Glycolysis, a central metabolic pathway, harbors evolutionary conserved enzymes that modulate and potentially shift the cellular metabolism on requirement. Pyruvate kinase, which catalyzes the last but rate-limiting step of glycolysis, is expressed in four isozymic forms, depending on the tissue requirement. M2 isoform (PKM2) is exclusively expressed in embryonic and adult dividing/tumor cells. This tetrameric allosterically regulated isoform is intrinsically designed to downregulate its activity by subunit dissociation (into dimer), which results in partial inhibition of glycolysis at the last step. This accumulates all upstream glycolytic intermediates as an anabolic feed for synthesis of lipids and nucleic acids, whereas reassociation of PKM2 into active tetramer replenishes the normal catabolism as a feedback after cell division. In addition, involvement of this enzyme in a variety of pathways, protein-protein interactions, and nuclear transport suggests its potential to perform multiple nonglycolytic functions with diverse implications, although multidimensional role of this protein is as yet not fully explored. This review aims to provide an overview of the involvement of PKM2 in various physiological pathways with possible functional implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibhor Gupta
- National Centre of Applied Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
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Machado P, Pereira R, Rocha AM, Manco L, Fernandes N, Miranda J, Ribeiro L, do Rosário VE, Amorim A, Gusmão L, Arez AP. Malaria: looking for selection signatures in the human PKLR gene region. Br J Haematol 2010; 149:775-84. [PMID: 20377593 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2010.08165.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The genetic component of susceptibility to malaria is both complex and multigenic and the better-known protective polymorphisms are those involving erythrocyte-specific structural proteins and enzymes. In vivo and in vitro data have suggested that pyruvate kinase deficiency, which causes a nonspherocytic haemolytic anaemia, could be protective against malaria severity in humans, but this hypothesis remains to be tested. In the present study, we conducted a combined analysis of Short Tandem Repeats (STRs) and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in the pyruvate kinase-encoding gene (PKLR) and adjacent regions (chromosome 1q21) to look for malaria selective signatures in two sub-Saharan African populations from Angola and Mozambique, in several groups with different malaria infection outcome. A European population from Portugal, including a control and a pyruvate kinase-deficient group, was used for comparison. Data from STR and SNP loci spread along the PKLR gene region showed a considerably higher differentiation between African and Portuguese populations than that usually found for neutral markers. In addition, a wider region showing strong linkage disequilibrium was found in an uncomplicated malaria group, and a haplotype was found to be associated with this clinical group. Altogether, this data suggests that malaria selective pressure is acting in this genomic region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Machado
- Centre for Malaria and Tropical Diseases, Malaria Unit, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
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Gupta V, Kalaiarasan P, Faheem M, Singh N, Iqbal MA, Bamezai RNK. Dominant negative mutations affect oligomerization of human pyruvate kinase M2 isozyme and promote cellular growth and polyploidy. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:16864-73. [PMID: 20304929 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.065029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to understand the mechanism and functional implication of the two heterozygous mutations (H391Y and K422R) of human pyruvate kinase M2 isozyme (PKM(2)) observed earlier in a Bloom syndrome background. The co-expression of homotetrameric wild type and mutant PKM(2) in the cellular milieu resulting in the interaction between the two at the monomer level was substantiated further by in vitro experiments. The cross-monomer interaction significantly altered the oligomeric state of PKM(2) by favoring dimerization and heterotetramerization. In silico study provided an added support in showing that hetero-oligomerization was energetically favorable. The hetero-oligomeric populations of PKM(2) showed altered activity and affinity, and their expression resulted in an increased growth rate of Escherichia coli as well as mammalian cells, along with an increased rate of polyploidy. These features are known to be essential to tumor progression. This study provides insight in understanding the modulated role of large oligomeric multifunctional proteins such as PKM(2) by affecting cellular behavior, which is an essential observation to understand tumor sustenance and progression and to design therapeutic intervention in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibhor Gupta
- National Centre of Applied Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
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Wang H, Hays NP, Das SK, Craig RL, Chu WS, Sharma N, Elbein SC. Phenotypic and molecular evaluation of a chromosome 1q region with linkage and association to type 2 diabetes in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94:1401-8. [PMID: 19141583 PMCID: PMC2682467 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2008-2132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2008] [Accepted: 01/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Linkage to type 2 diabetes (T2D) is well replicated on chromosome 1q21-q23. Within this region, T2D was associated with common single nucleotide polymorphisms that marked an extended linkage disequilibrium block, including the liver pyruvate kinase gene (PKLR), in several European-derived populations. In this study we sought to determine the molecular basis for the association and the phenotypic consequences of the risk haplotype. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Genes surrounding PKLR were resequenced in European-American and African-American cases and controls, and association with T2D was tested. Copy number variants (CNVs) were tested for four regions with real-time PCR. Expression of genes in the region was tested in adipose and muscle from nondiabetic subjects with each genotype. Insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic glucose production were tested in nondiabetic individuals with each haplotype combination. RESULTS No coding variant in the region was associated with T2D. CNVs were rare and not associated with T2D. PKLR was not expressed in available tissues, but expression of genes HCN3, CLK2, SCAMP3, and FDPS was not associated with haplotype combinations in adipose or muscle. Haplotype combinations were not associated with insulin secretion or peripheral insulin sensitivity, but homozygous carriers of the risk haplotype had increased hepatic glucose production during hyperinsulinemia. CONCLUSIONS Noncoding variants in the PKLR region likely alter gene expression of one or more genes. Our extensive physiological and molecular studies suggest increased hepatic glucose production and reduced hepatic insulin sensitivity, thus pointing to PKLR itself as the most likely candidate gene in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA
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Andreasen CH, Mogensen MS, Borch-Johnsen K, Sandbaek A, Lauritzen T, Almind K, Hansen L, Jørgensen T, Pedersen O, Hansen T. Lack of association between PKLR rs3020781 and NOS1AP rs7538490 and type 2 diabetes, overweight, obesity and related metabolic phenotypes in a Danish large-scale study: case-control studies and analyses of quantitative traits. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2008; 9:118. [PMID: 19111066 PMCID: PMC2654670 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-9-118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2008] [Accepted: 12/26/2008] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Several studies in multiple ethnicities have reported linkage to type 2 diabetes on chromosome 1q21-25. Both PKLR encoding the liver pyruvate kinase and NOS1AP encoding the nitric oxide synthase 1 (neuronal) adaptor protein (CAPON) are positioned within this chromosomal region and are thus positional candidates for the observed linkage peak. The C-allele of PKLR rs3020781 and the T-allele of NOS1AP rs7538490 are reported to strongly associate with type 2 diabetes in various European-descent populations comprising a total of 2,198 individuals with a combined odds ratio (OR) of 1.33 [1.16–1.54] and 1.53 [1.28–1.81], respectively. Our aim was to validate these findings by investigating the impact of the two variants on type 2 diabetes and related quantitative metabolic phenotypes in a large study sample of Danes. Further, we intended to expand the analyses by examining the effect of the variants in relation to overweight and obesity. Methods PKLR rs3020781 and NOS1AP rs7538490 were genotyped, using TaqMan allelic discrimination, in a combined study sample comprising a total of 16,801 and 16,913 individuals, respectively. The participants were ascertained from four different study groups; the population-based Inter99 cohort (nPKLR = 5,962, nNOS1AP = 6,008), a type 2 diabetic patient group (nPKLR = 1,873, nNOS1AP = 1,874) from Steno Diabetes Center, a population-based study sample (nPKLR = 599, nNOS1AP = 596) from Steno Diabetes Center and the ADDITION Denmark screening study cohort (nPKLR = 8,367, nNOS1AP = 8,435). Results In case-control studies we evaluated the potential association between rs3020781 and rs7538490 and type 2 diabetes and obesity. No significant associations were observed for type 2 diabetes (rs3020781: pAF = 0.49, OR = 1.02 [0.96–1.10]; rs7538490: pAF = 0.84, OR = 0.99 [0.93–1.06]). Neither did we show association with overweight or obesity. Additionally, the PKLR and the NOS1AP genotypes were demonstrated not to have a major influence on diabetes-related quantitative metabolic phenotypes. Conclusion We failed to provide evidence of an association between PKLR rs3020781 and NOS1AP rs7538490 and type 2 diabetes, overweight, obesity or related quantitative metabolic phenotypes in large-scale studies of Danes.
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Clozapine causes oxidation of proteins involved in energy metabolism: a possible mechanism for antipsychotic-induced metabolic alterations. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2008; 11:1097-104. [PMID: 18466668 DOI: 10.1017/s1461145708008882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Although atypical antipsychotics are widely known to induce alterations in lipid and glucose metabolism, the mechanisms by which these alterations occur remain unknown. Several recent studies have shown that atypical antipsychotics induce oxidative stress and oxidative cell injury by increasing levels of lipid and protein oxidation. In this study, a novel proteomic approach was used to identify specific proteins oxidized after clozapine treatment. Differentiated neuroblastoma SKNSH cells were treated with 0, 5 or 20 mum clozapine for 24 h and protein extracts were labelled with 6-iodoacetamide fluorescein (6-IAF). The lack of incorporation of 6-IAF to cysteine residues is an indicator of protein oxidation. Labelled proteins were exposed to 2D electrophoresis, and differential protein labelling was assessed. Increased oxidation after clozapine treatment was observed in 10 protein spots (p<0.05), although only four of them remained significant after correcting for analysis with two drug concentrations. Five proteins, corresponding to nine of the spots, were identified by HPLC-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) as mitochondrial ribosomal protein S22, mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase, calumenin, pyruvate kinase and 3-oxoacid CoA transferase. The latter four proteins play important roles in energy metabolism. These results suggest that oxidative stress may be a mechanism by which antipsychotics increase the risk for metabolic syndrome and diabetes.
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Hasstedt SJ, Chu WS, Das SK, Wang H, Elbein SC. Type 2 diabetes susceptibility genes on chromosome 1q21-24. Ann Hum Genet 2008; 72:163-9. [PMID: 18269685 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-1809.2007.00416.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been linked to chromosome 1q21-24 in multiple samples, including a Utah family sample. Variants in 13 of the numerous candidate genes in the 1q region were tested for association with T2D in a Utah case-control sample. The most promising, 19 variants in 6 candidates, were genotyped on the Utah family sample. Herein, we tested the 19 variants individually and in pairs for an effect on T2D risk in family members using a logistic regression model that accounted for gender, age, and BMI and attributed residual genetic effects to a polygenic component. Seven variants increased risk significantly through 5 pairs of interactions. The significant variant pairs were apolipoprotein A-II (APOA2) rs6413453 interacting with calsequestrin 1 (CASQ1) rs617698, dual specificity phosphatase 12 (DUSP12) rs1503814, and retinoid X receptor gamma (RXRG) rs10918169, a poly-T insertion-deletion polymorphism in liver pyruvate kinase (PKLR) interacting with APOA2 rs12143180, and DUSP12 rs1027702 interacting with RXRG rs10918169. Genotypes of these 5 variant pairs accounted for 25.8% of the genetic variance in T2D in these pedigrees.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Hasstedt
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, 15 N. 2030 E., Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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Guo GB, Xu CS. Expression profiles of the organic acid metabolism-associated genes during rat liver regeneration. Amino Acids 2007; 34:597-604. [PMID: 18095055 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-007-0013-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2007] [Accepted: 11/26/2007] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, 55 of the organic acid metabolism-involved genes were primarily confirmed to be associated with liver regeneration (LR) by bioinformatics and gene expression profiling analysis. Number of the initially and totally expressed genes occurring in initiation phase of LR, G(0)/G(1), cell proliferation, cell differentiation and liver tissue structure-function reconstruction were 21, 5, 33, 1 and 40, 20, 174, 44, respectively, illustrating that genes were initially expressed mainly in initiation stage, and worked in different phases. 151 times up-regulation and 114 times down-regulation as well as 14 types of expression patterns showed the diversification and complication of genes expression changes. It is inferred from the above gene expression changes and patterns that acetate biosynthesis enhanced at forepart, propionate biosynthesis at forepart, prophase and early metaphase, pyruvate biosynthesis at forepart, metaphase and anaphase, succinate biosynthesis at forepart and anaphase; malate biosynthesis in metaphase and N-acetylneuraminate biosynthesis at 36, 66 and 96 h. Whereas, carnitine biosynthsis attenuates at forepart and prophase, enhancement at middle metaphase; isocitrate in the forepart, quinolinate at forepart and early metaphase, creatine at early metaphase and fumarate at anaphase perform the restrained biosynthesis, respectively; catabolisms of propionate and pyruvate were depressed in metaphase.
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Affiliation(s)
- G B Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, No. 46, Jianshe RD, Xinxiang, 453007 Henan Province, China.
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Elbein SC, Chu WS, Das SK, Yao-Borengasser A, Hasstedt SJ, Wang H, Rasouli N, Kern PA. Transcription factor 7-like 2 polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes, glucose homeostasis traits and gene expression in US participants of European and African descent. Diabetologia 2007; 50:1621-30. [PMID: 17579832 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-007-0717-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2006] [Accepted: 04/25/2007] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We sought to determine: (1) the role of previously described transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) variants in type 2 diabetes in African American individuals and in participants of European ancestry; (2) the physiological impact of these variants on glucose homeostasis; and (3) whether the non-coding variants altered TCF7L2 expression in adipocytes and transformed lymphocytes. METHODS Association studies were conducted by genotyping 932 Europid and African American diabetic and control participants. Family studies were conducted in 673 members of 68 Europid families ascertained for at least two diabetic siblings. Metabolic studies were conducted in 585 non-diabetic individuals who had undergone frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance tests to determine insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion. Gene expression studies were conducted in 74 adipose samples and 64 muscle samples from non-diabetic individuals with known genotypes and also in 55 lymphoblastoid cell lines. RESULTS TCF7L2 variants were associated with type 2 diabetes in a Europid case-control population and in families, but not in African Americans. Risk alleles increased the 60 min post-challenge glucose value in Europid families and reduced insulin sensitivity by 45% in Europids, but did not alter insulin secretion. TCF7L2 expression was not altered by genotype and did not correlate with insulin sensitivity or BMI. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION We confirmed TCF7L2 as a risk factor in a population of European descent, where it reduced glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, but not insulin secretion. We found no role in African Americans and could not explain the association by altered adipocyte or muscle gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Elbein
- Endocrine Section, Medicine and Research Services, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, John L. McClellan Memorial Veterans Hospital, 4700 W. 7th Street, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
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Abstract
The unbiased approach of genome-wide linkage analysis has shown evidence for linkage of type 2 diabetes mellitus to the chromosome 1q21-25 region in at least eight independent studies. More than 26 candidate genes have already been evaluated, but to date none explain the evidence for linkage in this gene-dense region. Considerable data suggest that multiple genes account for this linkage result. The search for these genes is now the focus of an international consortium of groups reporting linkage of type 2 diabetes to this region of chromosome 1q21-q25.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapan Kumar Das
- John L. McClellan Veterans Hospital, Endocrinology 111J-1/LR, 4301 West 7th Street, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
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Ponsuksili S, Murani E, Walz C, Schwerin M, Wimmers K. Pre- and postnatal hepatic gene expression profiles of two pig breeds differing in body composition: insight into pathways of metabolic regulation. Physiol Genomics 2007; 29:267-79. [PMID: 17264241 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00178.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver plays a central role in the regulation of the metabolic status, partitioning of nutrients, and expenditure of energy. To gain insight into hepatic metabolic pathways and key transcripts affecting traits related to body composition, liver expression profiles were compared of pigs of two breeds, the obese German Landrace (DL) and the lean Pietrain (Pi). Porcine oligonucleotide microarray were hybridized with liver cRNAs obtained at peripubertal age (180 days of age) and prenatal stages (35, 63, and 91 days postconception) that represent three developmental stages of liver, i.e., period of differentiation, period of metabolic activity, and period of glycogen accumulation. In terms of the number of genes regulated between DL and Pi, the most striking distinctions were found at peripubertal age with upregulation of key genes of lipid metabolism pathways (FASN, ACSS2, ACACA) in obese DL pigs and upregulation of genes of cell growth and/or maintenance, and protein syntheses, as well as cell proliferation pathways (PPARD, POU1F1, IGF2R), in lean Pi pigs. Moreover, time course analysis of breed-dependent expression profiles revealed breed-typical temporal regulation from prenatal stages to peripubertal age of genes assigned to biological processes involving lipid pathways and cell activity, i.e., breed differences are already initiated during early prenatal development. Information about mRNA expression levels of the two breeds differing in body composition, partitioning and utilization of nutrients and energy reveals functional candidate genes for traits related to obesity and leanness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siriluck Ponsuksili
- Research Group Functional Genomics, Research Institute for the Biology of Farm Animals, FBN, Dummerstorf, Germany
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Das SK, Chu WS, Hale TC, Wang X, Craig RL, Wang H, Shuldiner AR, Froguel P, Deloukas P, McCarthy MI, Zeggini E, Hasstedt SJ, Elbein SC. Polymorphisms in the glucokinase-associated, dual-specificity phosphatase 12 (DUSP12) gene under chromosome 1q21 linkage peak are associated with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 2006; 55:2631-9. [PMID: 16936214 DOI: 10.2337/db05-1369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Linkage of type 2 diabetes to chromosome 1q21-q23 is well replicated across populations. In an initial 50-kb marker map (580 markers) across the linked region, one of the two strongest associations observed in Utah Caucasians was at marker rs1503814 (P < 0.00001 in pools, P < 0.004 in individuals). Based on this association, we typed additional markers and screened for sequence variation in the nearby DUSP12 gene. The strongest associations mapped to a highly conserved nongenic sequence just telomeric to rs1503814 and extended 10 kb telomeric through the DUSP12 gene and into the 5' end of the adjacent ATF6 gene. No coding variant could explain the association in the DUSP12 gene. An extended haplotype encompassing markers from -8,379 to +10,309 bp relative to the ATG start was more common in Caucasian case (0.381) than control subjects (0.285, P = 0.005) and was uniquely tagged by a 194-bp allele at either of two simple tandem repeat variants or by the T allele at marker +7,580. Markers -8,379 and +7,580 were nominally associated with type 2 diabetes in African-American subjects (P < 0.05), but with different alleles. Marker rs1503814 was strongly associated with postchallenge insulin levels among family members (P = 0.000002), but sequence variation in this region was not associated with type 2 diabetes in three other populations of European ancestry. Our data suggest that sequences in or upstream of DUSP12 may contribute to type 2 diabetes susceptibility, but the lack of replication suggests a small effect size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapan Kumar Das
- Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
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Fatemi SH, Reutiman TJ, Folsom TD, Bell C, Nos L, Fried P, Pearce DA, Singh S, Siderovski DP, Willard FS, Fukuda M. Chronic olanzapine treatment causes differential expression of genes in frontal cortex of rats as revealed by DNA microarray technique. Neuropsychopharmacology 2006; 31:1888-99. [PMID: 16407901 DOI: 10.1038/sj.npp.1301002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent emerging biochemical data indicate that several important neuroregulatory genes and proteins may be involved in the etiology of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Additionally, the same genes appear to be targets of several psychotropic medications that are used to treat these disorders. Recent DNA microarray studies show that genes involved in synaptic neurotransmission, signal transduction, and glutamate/GABA regulation may be differentially regulated in brains of subjects with schizophrenia. We hypothesized that chronic administration of olanzapine to rats would alter expression of various genes that may be involved in the etiology of schizophrenia and mood disorders. Rats were administered olanzapine (N=20, 2 mg/kg/day) or sterile saline intraperitoneally (N=20) daily for 21 days. Control and olanzapine-treated frontal cortices were analyzed using cDNA microarray technology. The results showed significant downregulation of 31 genes and upregulation of 38 genes by greater than two-fold in the drug-treated brains vs controls. Our results provide evidence for altered regulation of genes involved with signal transduction and cell communication, metabolism and energy pathways, transport, immune response, nucleic acid metabolism, and neuronal growth factors. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR analysis verified the direction and magnitude of change in six genes of interest: calbindin 3, homer 1, regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) 2, pyruvate kinase, Reelin and insulin 2. Western blotting showed significant upregulation in protein products for Reelin 410 and Reelin 180 kDa and downregulation for NMDA3B and RGS2. Our results show for the first time that olanzapine causes changes in levels of several important genes that may be involved in the etiology and treatment of schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hossein Fatemi
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Neuroscience Research, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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Huang QY, Cheng MR, Ji SL. Linkage and Association Studies of the Susceptibility Genes for Type 2 Diabetes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 33:573-89. [PMID: 16875315 DOI: 10.1016/s0379-4172(06)60087-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex disease characterized by hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and impaired insulin secretion. T2DM is under strong genetic control. Identification and characterization of genes involved in determining T2DM will contribute to a greater understanding of the pathogenesis of T2DM, and ultimately might lead to the development of better diagnosis, prevention and treatment strategies. Efforts to identify T2DM susceptibility genes have focused on candidate gene approach (association studies) and genome-wide scans (linkage analyses). In this article, we review the current status for mapping and identification of genes for T2DM, with a focus on some promising regions (or genes) and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Yang Huang
- College of Life Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China.
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Abstract
Type 2 Diabetes results from a complex physiologic process that includes the pancreatic beta cells, peripheral glucose uptake in muscle, the secretion of multiple cytokines and hormone-like molecules from adipocytes, hepatic glucose production, and likely the central nervous system. Consistent with the complex web of physiologic defects, the emerging picture of the genetics will involve a large number of risk susceptibility genes, each individually with relatively small effect (odds ratios below 1.2 in most cases). The challenge for the future will include cataloging and confirming the genetic risk factors, and understanding how these risk factors interact with each other and with the known environmental and lifestyle risk factors that increase the propensity to type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapan Kumar Das
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas
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Sabra MM, Damcott C, Fu M, Ott S, O'Connell JR, Mitchell BD, Shuldiner AR. Vesicle-associated membrane protein 4, a positional candidate gene on 1q24-q25, is not associated with type 2 diabetes in the Old Order Amish. Mol Genet Metab 2005; 85:133-9. [PMID: 15896658 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2004.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2004] [Revised: 09/08/2004] [Accepted: 09/09/2004] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The vesicle-associated membrane protein-4 (VAMP4) gene is an excellent type 2 diabetes (T2DM) positional candidate gene. It is located on chromosome 1q24-q25, a region of linkage to T2DM in the Amish and several other populations. VAMP4 is expressed in liver and skeletal muscle and participates in intracellular trafficking of secreted and membrane-associated proteins. DESIGN AND METHODS We sequenced VAMP4 in 20 Amish subjects. Polymorphisms in and around VAMP4 were genotyped in 65 Amish subjects with T2DM, 64 subjects with impaired glucose homeostasis (IGH), and 126 normal glucose tolerant controls, as well as in an expanded set of 749 participants of the Amish Family Diabetes Study for whom glucose and insulin levels during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and other quantitative traits related to diabetes were available. Case-control and quantitative trait association analyses were performed. RESULTS We found three common non-coding intragenic polymorphisms: a 23bp insertion/deletion (I/D) in the 5' untranslated region (UTR) in exon 1 at position 73127, and G35319T and C335296T single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 3' UTR (NCBI Accession No. Z98751). The two 3' UTR SNPs were in complete linkage disequilibrium (LD) and both were in strong LD with the exon 1 I/D polymorphism (|D'|=0.82). Similarly, three extragenic flanking SNPs (rs978985, rs203255, and rs1023479) showed moderate LD with the neighboring intragenic SNPs (|D'|=0.23-0.69). None of the SNPs individually nor any of the 2-, 3-, 4-, or 5-polymorphism haplotypes were associated with T2DM or IGH. The exon 1 I/D polymorphism was not associated with significant differences in mean fasting or stimulated glucose or insulin levels during an OGTT or other diabetes-related quantitative traits in the expanded set of 749 subjects. CONCLUSION Variation in VAMP4 does not significantly influence risk of T2DM or IGH in the Amish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona M Sabra
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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