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Dobrzyn K, Kiezun M, Kopij G, Zarzecka B, Gudelska M, Kisielewska K, Zaobidna E, Makowczenko KG, Dall'Aglio C, Kamiński T, Smolińska N. Apelin-13 modulates the endometrial transcriptome of the domestic pig during implantation. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:501. [PMID: 38773369 PMCID: PMC11106924 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10417-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The peri-implantation period is a critical time during pregnancy that mostly defines the overall litter size. Most authors agree that the highest percentage of embryo mortality occurs during this time. Despite the brevity of the peri-implantation period, it is the most dynamic part of pregnancy in which the sequential and uninterrupted course of several processes is essential to the animal's reproductive success. Also then, the maternal uterine tissues undergo an intensive remodelling process, and their energy demand dramatically increases. It is believed that apelin, a member of the adipokine family, is involved in the control of female reproductive functions in response to the current metabolic state. The verified herein hypothesis assumed the modulatory effect of apelin on the endometrial tissue transcriptome on days 15 to 16 of gestation (beginning of implantation). RESULTS The analysis of data obtained during RNA-seq (Illumina HiSeq2500) of endometrial slices treated and untreated with apelin (n = 4 per group) revealed changes in the expression of 68 genes (39 up-regulated and 29 down-regulated in the presence of apelin), assigned to 240 gene ontology terms. We also revealed changes in the frequency of alternative splicing events (397 cases), as well as single nucleotide variants (1,818 cases) in the presence of the adipokine. The identified genes were associated, among others, with the composition of the extracellular matrix, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS The obtained results indicate a potential role of apelin in the regulation of uterine tissue remodelling during the peri-implantation period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Dobrzyn
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, Olsztyn, 10-719, Poland.
| | - Marta Kiezun
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, Olsztyn, 10-719, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Kopij
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, Olsztyn, 10-719, Poland
| | - Barbara Zarzecka
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, Olsztyn, 10-719, Poland
| | - Marlena Gudelska
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Aleja Warszawska 30, Olsztyn, 10-082, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kisielewska
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Aleja Warszawska 30, Olsztyn, 10-082, Poland
| | - Ewa Zaobidna
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, Olsztyn, 10-719, Poland
| | - Karol G Makowczenko
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Tuwima 10, Olsztyn, 10-748, Poland
| | - Cecilia Dall'Aglio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, Perugia, 06126, Italy
| | - Tadeusz Kamiński
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, Olsztyn, 10-719, Poland
| | - Nina Smolińska
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, Olsztyn, 10-719, Poland
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Horibe H, Ando K, Maekawa Y, Narisawa M, Yamase Y, Funabiki J, Ueyama C, Takemoto Y, Shigeta T, Hibino T, Kondo T, Okumura T, Murohara T. The association of serum adiponectin level with activities of daily living in hospitalized elderly patients with heart failure. J Cardiol 2024; 83:130-137. [PMID: 37591339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2023.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have reported a relationship between elevated serum adiponectin levels and poor outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF). However, data on the activities of daily living (ADL) in elderly patients with HF are limited. METHODS We evaluated 218 hospitalized elderly (≥65 years) patients with HF who underwent a comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program during hospitalization. Serum adiponectin levels were measured before discharge. The Barthel index (BI) score was evaluated at discharge. Low ADL was defined as a BI score < 85. RESULTS Serum adiponectin levels were significantly associated with low ADL [p = 0.03; odds ratio (OR), 1.024, per 1.0 μg/mL increase]. In logistic or regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, and estimated glomerular filtration rate, high adiponectin levels (≥16.2 μg/mL) were significantly associated with low ADL (p = 0.04; OR, 2.53), malnutrition (p < 0.01; OR, 2.88), and 6-min walk distance (p = 0.04; β = -17.5). In the multivariate analysis adjusted for conventional risk factors of low ADL, high adiponectin levels were also significantly associated with low ADL (p = 0.03; OR, 2.68). In the stepwise forward selection procedure, a high adiponectin level was an independent determinant of low ADL (p = 0.02; R2 = 0.0262). Both net reclassification improvement (0.53; p < 0.01) and integrated discrimination improvement (0.02; p = 0.01) improved significantly after the addition of high adiponectin level to conventional risk factors. In the regression analysis adjusted for age and sex, serum adiponectin levels were significantly (p < 0.0025) negatively associated with abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue areas, body weight, body mass index, and serum triglyceride levels. CONCLUSIONS High serum adiponectin levels were not only significantly associated with an increased risk of low ADL, but also with an increased risk of malnutrition and low physical activity in elderly patients with HF after the in-hospital CR program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Horibe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Prefectural Tajimi Hospital, Tajimi, Japan.
| | - Kei Ando
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Prefectural Tajimi Hospital, Tajimi, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Maekawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Prefectural Tajimi Hospital, Tajimi, Japan
| | - Megumi Narisawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Prefectural Tajimi Hospital, Tajimi, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Yamase
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Prefectural Tajimi Hospital, Tajimi, Japan
| | - Junya Funabiki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Prefectural Tajimi Hospital, Tajimi, Japan
| | - Chikara Ueyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Prefectural Tajimi Hospital, Tajimi, Japan
| | - Yoshio Takemoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Prefectural Tajimi Hospital, Tajimi, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Shigeta
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Prefectural Tajimi Hospital, Tajimi, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hibino
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Prefectural Tajimi Hospital, Tajimi, Japan
| | - Taizo Kondo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Prefectural Tajimi Hospital, Tajimi, Japan
| | - Takahiro Okumura
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Kaminska B, Kurowicka B, Kiezun M, Dobrzyn K, Kisielewska K, Gudelska M, Kopij G, Szymanska K, Zarzecka B, Koker O, Zaobidna E, Smolinska N, Kaminski T. The Role of Adipokines in the Control of Pituitary Functions. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:353. [PMID: 38275812 PMCID: PMC10812442 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The pituitary gland is a key endocrine gland in all classes of vertebrates, including mammals. The pituitary gland is an important component of hypothalamus-pituitary-target organ hormonal regulatory axes and forms a functional link between the nervous system and the endocrine system. In response to hypothalamic stimuli, the pituitary gland secretes a number of hormones involved in the regulation of metabolism, stress reactions and environmental adaptation, growth and development, as well as reproductive processes and lactation. In turn, hormones secreted by target organs at the lowest levels of the hormonal regulatory axes regulate the functions of the pituitary gland in the process of hormonal feedback. The pituitary also responds to other peripheral signals, including adipose-tissue-derived factors. These substances are a broad group of peptides known as adipocytokines or adipokines that act as endocrine hormones mainly involved in energy homeostasis. Adipokines, including adiponectin, resistin, apelin, chemerin, visfatin, and irisin, are also expressed in the pituitary gland, and they influence the secretory functions of this gland. This review is an overview of the existing knowledge of the relationship between chosen adipose-derived factors and endocrine functions of the pituitary gland, with an emphasis on the pituitary control of reproductive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Kaminska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (B.K.); (B.K.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (K.S.); (B.Z.); (O.K.); (N.S.)
| | - Beata Kurowicka
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (B.K.); (B.K.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (K.S.); (B.Z.); (O.K.); (N.S.)
| | - Marta Kiezun
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (B.K.); (B.K.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (K.S.); (B.Z.); (O.K.); (N.S.)
| | - Kamil Dobrzyn
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Kisielewska
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Marlena Gudelska
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Grzegorz Kopij
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (B.K.); (B.K.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (K.S.); (B.Z.); (O.K.); (N.S.)
| | - Karolina Szymanska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (B.K.); (B.K.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (K.S.); (B.Z.); (O.K.); (N.S.)
| | - Barbara Zarzecka
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (B.K.); (B.K.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (K.S.); (B.Z.); (O.K.); (N.S.)
| | - Oguzhan Koker
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (B.K.); (B.K.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (K.S.); (B.Z.); (O.K.); (N.S.)
| | - Ewa Zaobidna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Nina Smolinska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (B.K.); (B.K.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (K.S.); (B.Z.); (O.K.); (N.S.)
| | - Tadeusz Kaminski
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (B.K.); (B.K.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (K.S.); (B.Z.); (O.K.); (N.S.)
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Zhao Y, Zhao H, Li L, Yu S, Liu M, Jiang L. Ceramide on the road to insulin resistance and immunometabolic disorders in transition dairy cows: driver or passenger? Front Immunol 2024; 14:1321597. [PMID: 38274826 PMCID: PMC10808295 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1321597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Dairy cows must undergo profound metabolic and endocrine adaptations during their transition period to meet the nutrient requirements of the developing fetus, parturition, and the onset of lactation. Insulin resistance in extrahepatic tissues is a critical component of homeorhetic adaptations in periparturient dairy cows. However, due to increased energy demands at calving that are not followed by a concomitant increase in dry matter intake, body stores are mobilized, and the risk of metabolic disorders dramatically increases. Sphingolipid ceramides involved in multiple vital biological processes, such as proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and inflammation. Three typical pathways generate ceramide, and many factors contribute to its production as part of the cell's stress response. Based on lipidomic profiling, there has generally been an association between increased ceramide content and various disease outcomes in rodents. Emerging evidence shows that ceramides might play crucial roles in the adaptive metabolic alterations accompanying the initiation of lactation in dairy cows. A series of studies also revealed a negative association between circulating ceramides and systemic insulin sensitivity in dairy cows experiencing severe negative energy balance. Whether ceramide acts as a driver or passenger in the metabolic stress of periparturient dairy cows is an unknown but exciting topic. In the present review, we discuss the potential roles of ceramides in various metabolic dysfunctions and the impacts of their perturbations. We also discuss how this novel class of bioactive sphingolipids has drawn interest in extrahepatic tissue insulin resistance and immunometabolic disorders in transition dairy cows. We also discuss the possible use of ceramide as a new biomarker for predicting metabolic diseases in cows and highlight the remaining problems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Linshu Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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5
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Samora M, Huo Y, McCuller RK, Chidurala S, Stanhope KL, Havel PJ, Stone AJ, Harrison ML. Spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity is attenuated in male UCD-type 2 diabetes mellitus rats: A link between metabolic and autonomic dysfunction. Auton Neurosci 2023; 249:103117. [PMID: 37657371 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have impaired arterial baroreflex function, which may be linked to the co-existence of obesity. However, the role of obesity and its related metabolic impairments on baroreflex dysfunction in T2DM is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role of visceral fat and adiponectin, the most abundant cytokine produced by adipocytes, on baroreflex dysfunction in T2DM rats. Experiments were performed in adult male UCD-T2DM rats assigned to the following experimental groups (n = 6 in each): prediabetic (Pre), diabetes-onset (T0), 4 weeks after onset (T4), and 12 weeks after onset (T12). Age-matched healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were used as controls. Rats were anesthetized and blood pressure was directly measured on a beat-to-beat basis to assess spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) using the sequence technique. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was used to assess body composition. Data are presented as mean ± SD. BRS was significantly lower in T2DM rats compared with controls at T0 (T2D: 3.7 ± 3.2 ms/mmHg vs Healthy: 16.1 ± 8.4 ms/mmHg; P = 0.01), but not at T12 (T2D: 13.4 ± 8.1 ms/mmHg vs Healthy: 9.2 ± 6.0 ms/mmHg; P = 0.16). T2DM rats had higher visceral fat mass, adiponectin, and insulin concentrations compared with control rats (all P < 0.01). Changes in adiponectin and insulin concentrations over the measured time-points mirrored one another and were opposite those of the BRS in T2DM rats. These findings demonstrate that obesity-related metabolic impairments may contribute to an attenuated spontaneous BRS in T2DM, suggesting a link between metabolic and autonomic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Samora
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Yu Huo
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Richard K McCuller
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Suchit Chidurala
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Kimber L Stanhope
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Peter J Havel
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Audrey J Stone
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Michelle L Harrison
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States.
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Miturski A, Gęca T, Stupak A, Kwaśniewski W, Semczuk-Sikora A. Influence of Pre-Pregnancy Obesity on Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism with Selected Adipokines in the Maternal and Fetal Compartment. Nutrients 2023; 15:2130. [PMID: 37432262 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A higher body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of maternal and perinatal complications. This study aimed to analyze selected parameters of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, including adipokines, in obese pre-pregnant women, and their influence on the birth weight of newborns. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study group (O) consisted of 34 pregnant women with higher BMI (obese) before pregnancy. The control group (C) was 27 pregnant women with target BMI and physiological pregnancy. The BMI index: body weight [kg]/(height [m]2 was assessed on the first obstetrical visit. The research material was the serum of pregnant women collected in the third trimester of pregnancy and umbilical cord blood collected immediately after delivery. Selected parameters of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and adipokines were determined. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences between the study group and the control group concerning the concentrations of insulin, glucose, VLDL, adiponectin, TNF-α, HOMA-IR, as well as LDH and cholesterol in maternal blood serum and umbilical cord blood serum. Total cholesterol and HDL in both maternal blood serum and umbilical cord blood were statistically significantly lower than those in the control group. The concentration of triglycerides (TG) and resistin in the blood serum of obese mothers were higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). However, no statistically significant differences were found between the two groups regarding the concentrations of TG and resistin in the umbilical cord blood. The concentration of LDL cholesterol in the umbilical blood serum in the obese group was statistically significantly lower than that in the control group. The concentration of leptin in maternal blood serum and umbilical cord blood serum in the study group was statistically significantly higher than that in the control group. CONCLUSIONS Pregestational obesity does not substantially affect the basic parameters of carbohydrate metabolism in pregnant women, but it disturbs the lipid profile, which is manifested by a significant increase in triglycerides and a decrease in the level of HDL cholesterol in the serum. Preexisting obesity increases the concentration of leptin and resistin in the serum of pregnant women, which may be caused by the increased volume of adipose tissue. The concentrations of leptin and resistin in the blood of pregnant women correlate positively, and the concentrations of adiponectin and TNF-α negatively correlate with pre-pregnancy BMI values. There is a positive correlation between the concentration of leptin in the serum of umbilical cord blood and the birth weight of the newborn, which suggests that this parameter contributes to the pathomechanism of macrosomia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Miturski
- Department of Gynaecology, 1st Clinical Military Hospital in Lublin, Al. Racławickie 23, 20-049 Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Gęca
- Chair and Department of Obstetrics and Pathology of Pregnancy, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16 Street, 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Stupak
- Chair and Department of Obstetrics and Pathology of Pregnancy, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16 Street, 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Wojciech Kwaśniewski
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16 Street, 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Semczuk-Sikora
- Chair and Department of Obstetrics and Pathology of Pregnancy, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16 Street, 20-081 Lublin, Poland
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Presence, Tissue Localization, and Gene Expression of the Adiponectin Receptor 1 in Testis and Accessory Glands of Male Rams during the Non-Breeding Season. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040601. [PMID: 36830390 PMCID: PMC9951751 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin (ADIPOQ) is a member adipocytokines, and its actions are supported by two receptors, ADIPOQ receptor 1 and -2, respectively (ADIPOR1 and -R2). Our study was performed to evaluate the ADIPOR1 presence and location and its gene expression in reproductive tissues of the male ram, during its non-breading season. The different portions of the male ram reproductive system (testis, epididymis, seminal vesicle, ampoule vas deferens, bulb-urethral gland) were collected in a slaughterhouse. Immunohistochemistry showed ADIPOR1 positive signals in the cytoplasm of all the glandular epithelial cells, with a location near the nucleus; in the testes, the positive reaction was evidenced in the cytoplasm in the basal portion of the germinal epithelial cells. The immune reaction intensity was highest (p < 0.001) in the prostate and seminal vesicles glands than that of other parts of the ram reproductive tract. RT-qPCR detected the ADIPOR1 transcript in the testes, epididymis, vas deferens, bulbourethral glands, seminal vesicles, and prostate; the expression levels were high (p < 0.01) in the prostate and low (p < 0.01) in the testis, epididymis, and bulbourethral glands. The present results evidenced the possible ADIPOQ/ADIPOR1 system's role in regulating the testicular activity of male rams during the non-breading season.
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Gareis NC, Rodríguez FM, Cattaneo Moreyra ML, Stassi AF, Angeli E, Etchevers L, Salvetti NR, Ortega HH, Hein GJ, Rey F. Contribution of key elements of nutritional metabolism to the development of cystic ovarian disease in dairy cattle. Theriogenology 2023; 197:209-223. [PMID: 36525860 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The alteration of signaling molecules involved in the general metabolism of animals can negatively influence reproduction. In dairy cattle, the development of follicular cysts and the subsequent appearance of ovarian cystic disease (COD) often lead to decreased reproductive efficiency in the herd. The objective of this review is to summarize the contribution of relevant metabolic and nutritional sensors to the development of COD in dairy cows. In particular, we focus on the study of alterations of the insulin signaling pathway, adiponectin, and other sensors and metabolites relevant to ovarian functionality, which may be related to the development of follicular persistence and follicular formation of cysts in dairy cattle. The results of these studies support the hypothesis that systemic factors could alter the local scenario in the follicle, generating an adverse microenvironment for the resumption of ovarian activity and possibly leading to the persistence of follicles and to the development and recurrence of COD.
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Affiliation(s)
- N C Gareis
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, ICiVet-Litoral (UNL-CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias - Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - F M Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, ICiVet-Litoral (UNL-CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias - Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - M L Cattaneo Moreyra
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, ICiVet-Litoral (UNL-CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - A F Stassi
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, ICiVet-Litoral (UNL-CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias - Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - E Angeli
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, ICiVet-Litoral (UNL-CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias - Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - L Etchevers
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, ICiVet-Litoral (UNL-CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias - Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - N R Salvetti
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, ICiVet-Litoral (UNL-CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias - Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - H H Ortega
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, ICiVet-Litoral (UNL-CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias - Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - G J Hein
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, ICiVet-Litoral (UNL-CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina; Centro Universitario Gálvez (CUG-UNL), Gálvez, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - F Rey
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, ICiVet-Litoral (UNL-CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias - Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Anima B, Guruswami G, Roy VK. Postnatal developmental expression and localization of apelin and apelin receptor protein in the ovary and uterus of mice. Mol Reprod Dev 2023; 90:42-52. [PMID: 36459577 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Postnatal ovarian and uterine development is crucial to accomplished female fertility. Thus, the investigations of factors that present in pre-pubertal stages are important as it might be responsible for the regulation of ovarian and uterine function. Apelin, an adipokine and its receptor (APJ) are present in female reproductive organs. However, no study has reported its postnatal expression in uterus and ovary. Thus, we investigated the postnatal developmental changes in expression and localization of apelin and APJ in the ovary and uterus of mice. Postnatal ovary and uterus were collected from postnatal day (PND) 1, 7, 14, 21, 42, 65 and performed western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. Uterine APJ is elevated in PND14 and PND65, whereas, ovarian APJ elevated in PND7, PND14, and PND65. Apelin expression in both ovary and uterus showed intense staining at PND65 and PND14. Our results showed that apelin and APJ abundance was lower at PND21 in uterus and ovary. In conclusion, apelin and APJ are developmentally regulated in the ovary and uterus, and its localization in the different compartments of ovary and uterus suggest its distribution specific physiological role in the uterus and ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borgohain Anima
- Department of Zoology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India
| | | | - Vikas K Roy
- Department of Zoology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India
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10
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Gudelska M, Dobrzyn K, Kiezun M, Kisielewska K, Rytelewska E, Kaminski T, Smolinska N. The effect of oestradiol and progesterone on chemerin system expression in the porcine endometrium during early pregnancy and the mid-luteal phase of the oestrous cycle. Theriogenology 2022; 196:186-201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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11
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Adiponectin affects uterine steroidogenesis during early pregnancy and the oestrous cycle: An in vitro study. Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 245:107067. [PMID: 36113273 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2022.107067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reproduction in females is an energetically demanding process. We assumed that adiponectin (ADPN), known for its role in energy balance maintenance, is also engaged in the regulation of uterine steroidogenesis in the pig. We determined the impact of ADPN alone or in combination with insulin (INS) on testosterone (T), estrone (E1) and estradiol (E2) secretion by porcine endometrium and myometrium, uterine expression of CYP17A1 and CYP19A3 genes, and endometrial abundance of P450C17 and P450AROM proteins during the peri-implantation period and the oestrous cycle, using radioimmunoassay, qPCR, and Western Blot, respectively. During pregnancy, in the endometrial explants from days 10-11, ADPN decreased CYP17A1 gene expression, P450C17 protein abundance and T secretion, whereas increased E1 secretion. On days 12-13 of pregnancy, ADPN decreased CYP17A1 and CYP19A3 expression, P450C17 and P450AROM protein abundance and E1 secretion, but stimulated T secretion. On days 15-16 of pregnancy, ADPN decreased P450C17 protein accumulation but enhanced CYP19A3 expression and E1 secretion. On days 27-28 of pregnancy, ADPN increased CYP17A1 and CYP19A3 mRNA content and T secretion in this tissue and decreased P450C17 content. ADPN effect on myometrial explants was dependent on stage of gestation or oestrous cycle. Moreover, INS treatment modulated basal and ADPN-affected steroidogenic enzymes gene and protein expression and steroids secretion. The results obtained indicate that ADPN may affect processes required for successful implantation such as steroidogenesis. ADPN and INS were also shown to modulate each other action, which indicates that the proper course of uterine steroidogenesis may be dependent on both hormones' interaction.
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12
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Remodeling and Fibrosis of the Cardiac Muscle in the Course of Obesity-Pathogenesis and Involvement of the Extracellular Matrix. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084195. [PMID: 35457013 PMCID: PMC9032681 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a growing epidemiological problem, as two-thirds of the adult population are carrying excess weight. It is a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarct, and atrial fibrillation). It has also been shown that chronic obesity in people may be a cause for the development of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), whose components include cellular hypertrophy, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, and increased extracellular collagen deposition. Several animal models with induced obesity, via the administration of a high-fat diet, also developed increased heart fibrosis as a result of extracellular collagen accumulation. Excessive collagen deposition in the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the course of obesity may increase the stiffness of the myocardium and thereby deteriorate the heart diastolic function and facilitate the occurrence of HFpEF. In this review, we include a rationale for that process, including a discussion about possible putative factors (such as increased renin–angiotensin–aldosterone activity, sympathetic overdrive, hemodynamic alterations, hypoadiponectinemia, hyperleptinemia, and concomitant heart diseases). To address the topic clearly, we include a description of the fundamentals of ECM turnover, as well as a summary of studies assessing collagen deposition in obese individuals.
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13
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Orzechowska K, Kopij G, Paukszto L, Dobrzyn K, Kiezun M, Jastrzebski J, Kaminski T, Smolinska N. Chemerin effect on transcriptome of the porcine endometrium during implantation determined by RNA-sequencing†. Biol Reprod 2022; 107:557-573. [PMID: 35349661 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that the body's metabolism and reproduction are closely related. Chemerin is one of many biologically active proteins secreted by the adipose tissue involved in the regulation of the energy homeostasis of the organism. In the present study, RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) was performed to investigate the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and alternatively spliced (AS) transcripts in the cultured in vitro porcine endometrium exposed to chemerin for 24 hours (CHEM; 400 ng/ml) collected during the implantation period (15 to 16 days of gestation). High-throughput sequencing of transcriptomes was performed on the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform (Illumina, USA). In the current study, among all 130 DEGs, 58 were up-regulated and were 72 down-regulated in the CHEM-treated group. DEGs were assigned to 73 functional annotations. Twelve identified lncRNAs indicated a difference in the expression profile after CHEM administration. Additionally, we detected 386 differentially AS events encompassed 274 protein-coding genes and 2 lncRNAs. All AS events were divided into 5 alternative splicing types: alternative 3' splice site (A3SS), 5' splice site (A5SS), mutually exclusive exons (MXE), retention intron (RI), and skipping exon (SE). Within all AS events, we identified 42 A3SS, 43 A5SS, 53 MXE, 9 RI, and 239 SE. In summary, CHEM affects the transcriptomic profile of the porcine endometrium, controlling the expression of numerous genes, including those involved in the cell migration and adhesion, angiogenesis, inflammation, and steroidogenesis. It can be assumed that CHEM may be an important factor for a proper course of gestation and embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Orzechowska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Kopij
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Lukasz Paukszto
- Department of Botany and Nature Protection, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Kamil Dobrzyn
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Marta Kiezun
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jan Jastrzebski
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Kaminski
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Nina Smolinska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
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Effects of orexin A on PTGS2, PTGES, CBR1 and PGFS mRNA transcript abundances and prostaglandin E2 and F2α concentrations in culture medium of pig uterine explants collected during early gestation and the estrogenic cycle. Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 237:106910. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2021.106910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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15
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Effects of Obesity on Adiponectin System Skin Expression in Dogs: A Comparative Study. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11082308. [PMID: 34438765 PMCID: PMC8388499 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Adipokines are biologically active molecules with hormonal action, produced mainly by white adipose tissue and related to the individual’s nutritional status. Adiponectin with its receptors (ADIPOR1, ADIPOR2) intervenes in the control of energy metabolism, as well as in the regulation of peripheral tissue functions. Adiponectin has a primary role in the skin in both physiological and pathological conditions, in addition, this molecule is greatly affected by nutritional status, and its serum level is lowered in the obese. In this work, the adiponectin system was evaluated in the skin of obese dogs along with adiponectin serum levels. Results were compared to normal weight dogs to evidence modifications in the obesity condition. Obesity is a widespread phenomenon in dogs, with a growing trend, as well, in humans; this condition may interfere with the local functionality of tissues, including the skin. The evaluation performed evidenced that adiponectin and ADIPOR2 skin expression is negatively correlated with the serum adiponectin level and accordingly with obesity. These findings evidence that the adiponectin system changes in the skin of obese dogs; this study also explores the role of adipokines in skin biology. Abstract Obesity is an important health issue in dogs since it influences a plethora of associated pathologies, including dermatological disorders. Considering the scarcity of information in pets, this work aimed to evaluate the localization and expression of adiponectin (ADIPOQ) and its two receptors (ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2) in the skin of 10 obese dogs, compared with serum ADIPOQ level. Through immunohistochemistry, ADIPOQ and ADIPOR2 were observed in the adipose tissue, sweat and sebaceous glands, endothelium, and some connective cells. Both receptors were observed in the epidermis and the hair follicles, other than in the sweat and sebaceous glands. Real-time PCR evidenced that the ADIPOQ and ADIPOR2 transcripts were expressed 5.4-fold (p < 0.01) and 2.3-fold less (p < 0.01), respectively, in obese than in normal weight dogs, while ADIPOR1 expression did not change. Obese dogs showed lower serum ADIPOQ levels than the normal weight group. Accordingly, ADIPOQ and ADIPOR2 expression in the skin appear negatively correlated with obesity in the same way as the serum ADIPOQ level. These findings evidence that ADIPOQ system changes in the skin of obese dogs and suggest that the ADIPOQ effect on the skin is at least in part regulated by the reduced expression of ADIPOR2.
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Effect of turmeric on adiponectin, sexual function and sexual hormones in stressed mice. Life Sci 2021; 277:119575. [PMID: 33961859 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Sexual function is essential for species survival. Melanocortin, progesterone, and estrogen can improve sexual function and they are modulated by adiponectin hormone which can be increased by Turmeric. In various studies shows Turmeric ability that is easily accessible to increase serum adiponectin levels. Therefore, the researchers decided to conduct a study to determine the effect of turmeric on serum adiponectin levels, sexual behavior, and profile of steroid hormones in stressed mice. Thirty female mice, six in each group (1. control group, 2. mice that received stress, 3. stress mice received 100 mg/kg turmeric (extract daily) for 4 weeks, 4. stress mice received turmeric (extract daily) for 4 weeks and also received adiponectin antagonist, and 5. stress groups received adiponectin antagonist), were used in the current study. The mice first underwent blood sampling. Then all mice were subjected to stress testing before the intervention except one group, which considered as a control group. The intervention in this study was done as a 100 mg/kg turmeric extract that was gavaged daily for each mouse. After the intervention, all mice were tested for sexual behavior, and then blood samples were taken to check serum levels of adiponectin, estradiol, progesterone and prolactin. So, the results showed before the intervention there were no significant difference among 5 group in levels of adiponectin (p = 0.145), estradiol (p = 0.148), progesterone (p = 0.166) and prolactin (p = 0.206) but after intervention there were significant difference between 5 group in levels of adiponectin, estradiol and progesterone (p < 0.001). Also there was significant difference among 5 groups in sexual behavior (p < 0.001). Therefore, consumption of turmeric, which increases serum adiponectin in the stressed mice, can improve sexual function and estradiol hormones profiling.
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Li J, Ma XJ, Wu X, Si SJ, Li C, Yang PK, Li GX, Liu XJ, Tian YD, Kang XT. Adiponectin modulates steroid hormone secretion, granulosa cell proliferation and apoptosis via binding its receptors during hens' high laying period. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101197. [PMID: 34089930 PMCID: PMC8182267 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is an important adipocytokine and plays the roles in multiple metabolic processes via binding its receptors - AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, which has also been found to participate in the regulation of the reproductive system of animals, in particular by influencing the secretion of ovarian steroid hormones. To further investigate the expression of adiponectin and its receptors in follicles after in vitro incubation, and their role in the steroid synthesis of laying hens’ ovaries, we performed qRT-PCR and ELISA to detect the expressions of AdipoQ, AdipoR1, and AidpoR2, and determined the key genes involved in steroidogenesis and the secretion of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) through the in vitro activation of adiponectin (AipoRon) and overexpression or knockdown of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2. Our results revealed that adiponectin and its receptors wildly exist in follicles and granulosa cells, and AdipoRon (5 and 10 µg/mL) had no effect on granulosa cell proliferation and apoptosis but significantly stimulated the secretion of adiponectin and its receptors in granulosa cells after incubation for 24 h. Furthermore, AdipoRon could significantly stimulate the secretion of P4 and inhibit E2 level compared to those of the control group through modulating the key genes expression of steroidogenesis (CYP19A1, StAR, CYP11A1, FSHR, and LHR). The secretion of E2 was also decreased in granulosa cells by the treatments of overexpression and knockdown of AdipoR1/2, however, there was no difference in terms of the level of P4 and StAR expression between them if there was overexpression or knockdown of AdipoR1/2. In addition, it was shown that the secretion of E2 only exhibits a marked drop if co-processing 10 µg/mL AdipoRon and pGMLV AdipoR2 compared to single treatments. Taken together, the study highlighted the role of adiponectin and its receptors in the regulation of steroid synthesis and secretion in ovarian granulosa cells in laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; Henan Key laboratory for innovation and utilization of chicken germplasm resources, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xue-Jie Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; Henan Key laboratory for innovation and utilization of chicken germplasm resources, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xing Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; Henan Key laboratory for innovation and utilization of chicken germplasm resources, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Su-Jin Si
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; Henan Key laboratory for innovation and utilization of chicken germplasm resources, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Chong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; Henan Key laboratory for innovation and utilization of chicken germplasm resources, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Peng-Kun Yang
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Guo-Xi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; Henan Key laboratory for innovation and utilization of chicken germplasm resources, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; Henan Key laboratory for innovation and utilization of chicken germplasm resources, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Ya-Dong Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; Henan Key laboratory for innovation and utilization of chicken germplasm resources, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Xiang-Tao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; Henan Key laboratory for innovation and utilization of chicken germplasm resources, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
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Villaplana-Velasco A, Noguera JL, Pena RN, Ballester M, Muñoz L, González E, Tejeda JF, Ibáñez-Escriche N. Comparative Transcriptome Profile between Iberian Pig Varieties Provides New Insights into Their Distinct Fat Deposition and Fatty Acids Content. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11030627. [PMID: 33673436 PMCID: PMC7997154 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The high deposition of intramuscular fat and the content of oleic fatty acid are characteristic of the Iberian pig. These two parameters present great variability and are differentiated amongst the varieties that make up the Iberian pig population. Although previous studies generated evidence for causal genes and polymorphisms associated to the adipogenic potential of the Iberian pig, there is little information about how genetic expression influences this trait's variability. The aim of this study was to analyses the expression profile between two varieties of Iberian pig (Torbiscal and Retinto) and their reciprocal crosses differentiated in their intramuscular fat (IMF) content and fatty acid (FA) composition in the Longissimus thoracis muscle using an RNA-seq approach. Our results corroborate that the Retinto variety is the fattiest amongst all studied varieties as its upregulated genes, such as FABP3 and FABP5, SLC27A1 and VEGFA among others, contribute to increasing adiposity. In its turn, Torbiscal pigs showed an upregulation of genes associated with the inhibition of fat deposition such as ADIPOQ and CPT1A. Further genetic variation analysis in these Iberian varieties showed relevant associations for SNP located within the differentially expressed genes with IMF and FA content. Thus, the differences found in the genetic architecture and the muscle transcriptome of these Iberian varieties might explain the variability in their fat content and composition and hence, their meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Villaplana-Velasco
- Genetics and Genomics, The Roslin Institute, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK;
- Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, 9 Little France Road, Edinburgh EH16 4UX, UK
| | | | - Ramona Natacha Pena
- Departament de Ciència Animal, Universitat de Lleida-Agrotecnio Center, 25198 Lleida, Spain;
| | - Maria Ballester
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Program, IRTA, Torre Marimon, 08140 Caldes de Montbui, Spain;
| | | | - Elena González
- Department of Animal Production and Food Science, Research University Institute of Agricultural Resources (INURA), Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, 06007 Badajoz, Spain; (E.G.); (J.F.T.)
| | - Juan Florencio Tejeda
- Department of Animal Production and Food Science, Research University Institute of Agricultural Resources (INURA), Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, 06007 Badajoz, Spain; (E.G.); (J.F.T.)
| | - Noelia Ibáñez-Escriche
- Department for Animal Science and Tecnology, Universistat Politécnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-963-877-438
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Ridlo MR, Kim EH, Taweechaipaisankul A, Lee BC, Kim GA. Adiponectin Improves In Vitro Development of Cloned Porcine Embryos by Reducing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Apoptosis. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11020473. [PMID: 33579003 PMCID: PMC7916767 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Successful attenuation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling has a beneficial outcome in in vitro embryonal improvement. We evaluated the effect of adiponectin during in vitro culture in porcine embryos derived from parthenogenetic activation and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). We found that 15 and 30 μg/mL adiponectin treatment significantly improved cleavage rates, blastocyst formation rates, and total cell number (TCN) of blastocysts derived from parthenogenetic activation and reduced the expression levels of XBP1. In SCNT embryos, the cleavage rate, blastocyst formation rate, and TCN of blastocysts were significantly improved by 15 μg/mL adiponectin treatment compared to the control. In addition, the 15 μg/mL adiponectin treatment reduced the levels of XBP1 expression and ER stress-related genes, increased expression levels of pluripotency-related genes, and decreased apoptosis-related gene expression. Comprehensively, treatment with 15 μg/mL adiponectin enhanced the in vitro developmental capacity of early-stage SCNT porcine embryos by reducing ER stress and apoptosis. Abstract The main factor of embryonic demise is endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Successful attenuation of ER stress results in an improvement in embryo development. We studied the impact of adiponectin in the in vitro culture (IVC) of porcine embryos derived from parthenogenetic activation and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). The first experiment revealed that 15 and 30 μg/mL adiponectin treatments improved cleavage, blastocyst rates, and total cell number (TCN) of parthenogenetic embryos and reduced the expression of XBP1 compared to the 5 μg/mL adiponectin treatment and control groups (p < 0.05). The second experiment showed that cleavage rate, blastocyst formation rate, and TCN of blastocysts were improved in the 15 μg/mL adiponectin treatment group compared with the control group, with significantly reduced XBP1 expression in ≥4-cell stage SCNT embryos and blastocysts (p < 0.05). Treatment with 15 μg/mL adiponectin significantly improved the expression of XBP1 and reduced the expression of ER stress-related genes (uXBP1, sXBP1, PTPN1, and ATF4), increased the expression levels of pluripotency-related genes (Nanog and SOX2), and decreased apoptosis-related gene expression (Caspase-3). These results suggest that 15 μg/mL adiponectin enhanced the in vitro developmental capacity of early-stage SCNT porcine embryos by reducing ER stress and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Rosyid Ridlo
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (M.R.R.); (E.H.K.); (A.T.); (B.C.L.)
- Department of Bioresources Technology and Veterinary, Vocational College, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 5281, Indonesia
| | - Eui Hyun Kim
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (M.R.R.); (E.H.K.); (A.T.); (B.C.L.)
| | - Anukul Taweechaipaisankul
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (M.R.R.); (E.H.K.); (A.T.); (B.C.L.)
| | - Byeong Chun Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (M.R.R.); (E.H.K.); (A.T.); (B.C.L.)
| | - Geon A. Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejon 34824, Korea
- Correspondence:
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20
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Barbe A, Kurowska P, Mlyczyńska E, Ramé C, Staub C, Venturi E, Billon Y, Rak A, Dupont J. Adipokines expression profiles in both plasma and peri renal adipose tissue in Large White and Meishan sows: A possible involvement in the fattening and the onset of puberty. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 299:113584. [PMID: 32827511 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In pig, backfat deposition is strongly related to the growth and reproductive performance. However, the molecular regulatory mechanisms of adipose tissue are not clearly understood. Adipose tissue is now recognized as an important endocrine organ that secretes a variety of factors including adipokines. However, the regulation of expression pattern of these adipokines in both plasma and visceral white adipose tissue (WAT) in lean and fat pig is unclear. In the present study, we used two representative porcine breeds (Large White, LW; Meishan, MS) with contrasting backfat thickness and sexual maturity age. Using specific ELISA assays, we determined the plasma profile of eight adipokines, leptin, adiponectin, visfatin, apelin, chemerin, resistin, omentin and vaspin in LW and MS sows. By RT-qPCR and western-blot we also investigated the mRNA and protein levels of these adipokines and their cognate receptors (LEPR, ADIPOR1, ADIPOR2, CMKLR1, CCRL2, GPR1, APLNR, TLR4, ROR1, CAP1 and HSPA5) in the peri renal WAT, respectively. At both plasma and peri renal WAT level, we found that the amounts of leptin, chemerin, resistin and vaspin were higher whereas those of adiponectin and omentin were lower in MS than LW sows. Plasma and adipose tissue visfatin and apelin levels were not different between the two breeds. Moreover, we noted that the variations of peri renal WAT adipokines observed between MS and LW were similar at the protein and mRNA level except for chemerin and apelin suggesting post-transcriptional modifications for these two adipokines. Finally, among the eight adipokines studied, we showed that only the plasma concentrations of leptin and chemerin were positively and those of adiponectin, negatively associated with the thickness of fat and opposite correlation was found for the onset of puberty in both LW and MS animals. Taken together, these results support a potential involvement of adipokines in WAT regulation and its link with the onset of the puberty in sows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alix Barbe
- INRAE UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; CNRS UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37041 Tours, France; IFCE, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Patrycja Kurowska
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30 387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Mlyczyńska
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30 387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Christelle Ramé
- INRAE UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; CNRS UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37041 Tours, France; IFCE, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Christophe Staub
- INRAE - Unité Expérimentale de Physiologie Animale de l'Orfrasière UEPAO 1297, F 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Eric Venturi
- INRAE - Unité Expérimentale de Physiologie Animale de l'Orfrasière UEPAO 1297, F 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Yvon Billon
- INRAE-Pig Innovative Breeding Experimental Facility, Le Magneraud, 17000 Surgères, France
| | - Agnieszka Rak
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30 387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Joëlle Dupont
- INRAE UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; CNRS UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37041 Tours, France; IFCE, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
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Expression and localization of adiponectin and its receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2) in the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis of laying hens. Theriogenology 2020; 159:35-44. [PMID: 33113442 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Adiponectin is a hormone secreted by adipose tissue that is involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis and reproduction. In this study, the expression levels of adiponectin and its receptors in the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis of laying hens were investigated using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting, and the localization of these proteins was explored using immunohistochemistry. The morphological relationships between adiponectin receptors and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons were analyzed using double immunofluorescence labeling. The results showed that adiponectin mRNA and protein were widely expressed in all tissues involved in the HPO axis in laying hens, with especially high expression in the hypothalamus. Both AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 were more highly expressed in the pituitary than in other tissues and exhibited similar mRNA and protein expression patterns. The immunohistochemistry results showed that adiponectin and AdipoR2 were localized in the major hypothalamic nuclei that regulate food intake and energy balance (i.e., the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA), infundibular nucleus (IN), dorsomedial nucleus (DMN), and paraventricular nucleus (PVN)). Immunostaining revealed that adiponectin and its receptors were also localized in the cytoplasm of cells in the adenohypophysis. In the ovaries, adiponectin was localized in the granulosa layer, in the theca externa of follicles and in basal cells, while AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 were localized in basal cells. In the double immunofluorescence labeling experiment, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 were localized in GnRH neurons in the IN and DMN. These results suggest that adiponectin and its receptors may play major roles in the endocrine network, which integrates energy balance and reproduction.
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22
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Yang C, Song G, Lim W. Effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals in pigs. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 263:114505. [PMID: 32268228 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are compounds that interfere with the expression, synthesis, and activity of hormones in organisms. They are released into the environment from flame retardants and products containing plasticizers. Persistent pesticides, such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and hexachlorobenzene, also disrupt the endocrine system through interaction with hormone receptors. Endogenous hormones, such as 17β-estradiol (E2), are released in the urine and feces of farm animals and seep into terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems through sewage. Pigs are widely used as animal models to determine the effects of EDCs because they are physiologically, biochemically, and histologically similar to humans. EDCs primarily disrupt the reproductive and nervous systems of pigs. Moreover, embryonic development during the prenatal and early postnatal periods is particularly sensitive to EDCs. Mycotoxins, such as zearalenone, are food contaminants that alter hormonal activities in pigs. Mycotoxins also alter the innate immune system in pigs, making them vulnerable to diseases. It has been reported that farm animals are exposed to various types of EDCs, which accumulate in tissues, such as those of gonads, livers, and intestines. There is a lack of an integrated understanding of the impact of EDCs on porcine reproduction and development. Thus, this article aims to provide a comprehensive review of literature regarding the effects of EDCs in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changwon Yang
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Gupta C, Bubber P, Fahim M, Saidullah B, Omanwar S. Adiponectin in onset and progression of T2DM with cardiac dysfunction in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 39:1463-1474. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327120927446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients have low level of adiponectin, however, till now the role of adiponectin in progression of ‘T2DM with cardiac dysfunction’ in animal model has not been characterized. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to develop and characterize T2DM animal model with cardiac dysfunction and to study the role of cardiac adiponectin expression in cardiac dysfunction. For this, Wistar rats (M/F) were fed a high-fat diet for different time periods: 3, 4 and 5 weeks and given a single, low-dose streptozotocin (25mg/kg), intraperitoneal injection 1 week prior to the experiments. Rats in T2DM group (3 weeks) developed hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia, oxidative stress with normoinsulinaemia and mild cardiac dysfunction suggesting onset of T2DM with cardiac dysfunction. Extended high-fat feeding, that is, 4 and 5 weeks induced insulin resistance accompanied with cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac dysfunction and reduced baroreflex sensitivity indicating development of T2DM with cardiac dysfunction. Cardiac adiponectin expression did not change in rats of T2DM group (3 weeks), however, it significantly decreased in rats of two T2DM groups (4 and 5 weeks) along with increased intracellular adhesion molecule-1 levels. Thus, the present study for the first time indicates that in the present T2DM animal model, as T2DM progresses cardiac adiponectin expression also decreases which might be the precipitating factor for cardiac hypertrophy and decrease in baroreflex sensitivity, which induces cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gupta
- School of Sciences, Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU), Maidan Garhi, New Delhi, India
| | - P Bubber
- School of Sciences, Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU), Maidan Garhi, New Delhi, India
| | - M Fahim
- Department of Physiology, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - B Saidullah
- School of Sciences, Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU), Maidan Garhi, New Delhi, India
| | - S Omanwar
- School of Sciences, Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU), Maidan Garhi, New Delhi, India
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24
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Role of adipose tissue in regulating fetal growth in gestational diabetes mellitus. Placenta 2020; 102:39-48. [PMID: 33218577 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a global health issue with significant short and long-term complications for both mother and baby. There is a strong need to identify an effective therapeutic that can prevent the development of GDM. A better understanding of the pathophysiology of GDM and the relationship between the adipose tissue, the placenta and fetal growth is required. The placenta regulates fetal growth by modulating nutrient transfer of glucose, amino acids and fatty acids. Various factors secreted by the adipose tissue, such as adipokines, adipocytokines and more recently identified extracellular vesicles, can influence inflammation and interact with placental nutrient transport. In this review, the role of the placental nutrient transporters and the adipose-derived factors that can influence their function will be discussed. A better understanding of these factors and their relationship may make a potential target for therapeutic interventions to prevent the development of GDM and its consequences.
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The expression of chemerin and its receptors (CMKLR1, GPR1, CCRL2) in the porcine uterus during the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy and in trophoblasts and conceptuses. Animal 2020; 14:2116-2128. [PMID: 32398173 DOI: 10.1017/s175173112000097x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent research has demonstrated that chemerin may take part in the regulation of reproduction. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of chemerin system - chemerin and its receptors, chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1), G protein-coupled receptor 1 (GPR1) and C-C chemokine receptor-like 2 (CCRL2) - in the porcine uterus during the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy, and in trophoblasts and conceptuses by real-time PCR and western blotting. Chemerin concentrations in uterine luminal flushings (ULF) were determined using ELISA test. In the endometrium, the highest expression of chemerin and GPR1 proteins was observed during the mid-luteal phase; CMKLR1, during the late luteal phase; and CCRL2, during the follicular phase of the cycle. In the myometrium, chemerin protein expression was enhanced during the early luteal phase, and chemerin receptor proteins were highly expressed during the follicular phase. In the endometrium of pregnant pigs, the highest expression of chemerin and CCRL2 protein was observed during implantation; CMKLR1, during placentation; and GPR1, during embryo migration. In the myometrium, chemerin and CCRL2 protein expression increased at the end of implantation, and the expression of CMKLR1 and GPR1 protein was enhanced during implantation. In the conceptuses and trophoblasts, the highest expression of chemerin system proteins was observed during placentation, with the exception of GPR1 protein in the trophoblasts. The highest concentrations of the analysed adipokine were observed in ULF during the luteal phase of the cycle and during maternal recognition of pregnancy. This is the first study to demonstrate that the expression of the chemerin system in the porcine uterus, conceptuses and trophoblasts, and chemerin concentrations in ULF are influenced by the hormonal milieu in different stages of the oestrous cycle and in early pregnancy. The present results also suggest that chemerin is implicated in the regulation of reproductive functions in pigs.
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Artimani T, Najafi R. APPL1 as an important regulator of insulin and adiponectin‐signaling pathways in the PCOS: A narrative review. Cell Biol Int 2020; 44:1577-1587. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tayebe Artimani
- Endometrium and Endometriosis Research CenterHamadan University of Medical Sciences Hamadan Iran
| | - Rezvan Najafi
- Research Center for Molecular MedicineHamadan University of Medical Sciences Hamadan Iran
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Tanski D, Skowronska A, Eliszewski M, Gromadzinski L, Kempisty B, Skowronski MT. Changes in Aquaporin 1, 5 and 9 Gene Expression in the Porcine Oviduct According to Estrous Cycle and Early Pregnancy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082777. [PMID: 32316329 PMCID: PMC7216242 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are a group of small, integral membrane proteins which play an important role in fluid homeostasis in the reproductive system. In our previous study, we demonstrated AQP1, 5 and 9 protein expression and localization in the porcine oviduct. The presence of these isoforms could suggest their role in the transport of the ovum to the uterus by influencing the epithelial cells’ production of oviductal fluid. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of AQP1, AQP5 and AQP9 in the infundibulum, ampulla and isthmus in the porcine oviduct during the estrous cycle (early luteal phase, days 2–4, medium luteal phase, days 10–12, late luteal phase days 14–16, follicular phase days 18–20) and pregnancy (period before implantation, days 14–16 and after the implantation, days 30–32) using the Real-Time PCR technique. As clearly demonstrated for the first time, AQP1, 5, and 9 gene expression is influenced by the estrus cycle and pregnancy. Furthermore, expression of AQPs in the porcine oviduct may provide the physiological medium that sustains and enhances fertilization and early cleavage-stage embryonic development. Overall, our study provides a characterization of oviduct AQPs, increasing our understanding of fluid homeostasis in the porcine oviduct to successfully establish and maintain pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Tanski
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-752 Olsztyn, Poland
- Correspondence: (D.T); (M.T.S.); Tel.: +48-662-098-066 (D.T.); +48-607-356-323 (M.T.S.)
| | - Agnieszka Skowronska
- Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-752 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Maciej Eliszewski
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-752 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Leszek Gromadzinski
- II Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Collegium Medicum, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
- II Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, University Clinical Hospital in Olsztyn, Warszawska 30, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Histology and Embryology; Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland;
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Mariusz T. Skowronski
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
- Correspondence: (D.T); (M.T.S.); Tel.: +48-662-098-066 (D.T.); +48-607-356-323 (M.T.S.)
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Nakajima I, Kojima M, Oe M, Ojima K, Muroya S, Chikuni K. Comparing pig breeds with genetically low and high backfat thickness: differences in expression of adiponectin, its receptor, and blood metabolites. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2019; 68:54-63. [PMID: 30851697 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Here we characterized gene expressions in subcutaneous adipose tissue and blood metabolites of pigs with genetically low backfat (Landrace) and high backfat (Meishan). As pigs aged from 1 wk-to 3-mo old, mRNA levels of adipose-specific genes increased, although their gene expressions coding for major enzymes involved in lipid metabolism (lipoprotein lipase, fatty acid synthase, and hormone-sensitive lipase) did not differ between lean and fat pigs. Instead, there were significant effects for adiponectin and its receptor AdipoR1 mRNA levels between the two breeds of which respective expressions were lower and higher in Meishan by 3 mo of age. Contrary to changes in gene expressions, the concentrations of blood glucose, triglyceride (TG), and NEFA in both breeds decreased during growth, and 3-mo-old Meishan evidenced lower glucose with higher TG than the Landrace. The homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index was also calculated from the measurements of fasting glucose and insulin concentration, and Meishan showed a higher value than the Landrace. We next examined these differences in Landrace and Meishan crossbreds, which were phenotypically distinguishable by the backfat thickness as the former lean type and the latter fat type. As with the purebreds, high backfat Meishan crosses showed the characteristics of lower glucose and higher TG in circulating levels and also lower adiponectin transcripts in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Collectively, our results demonstrate that levels of adiponectin and its receptor gene expressions, blood glucose, blood lipids, and HOMA-IR in pigs vary between lean and fat. These observations strongly suggest the possibility that overall metabolic differences rather than adipocyte ability itself contribute to the fatness of genetically high backfat pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Nakajima
- Animal Products Research Division, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2 Ikenodai, Tsukuba 305-0901, Japan.
| | - M Kojima
- Animal Breeding and Reproduction Research Division, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2 Ikenodai, Tsukuba 305-0901, Japan
| | - M Oe
- Animal Products Research Division, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2 Ikenodai, Tsukuba 305-0901, Japan
| | - K Ojima
- Animal Products Research Division, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2 Ikenodai, Tsukuba 305-0901, Japan
| | - S Muroya
- Animal Products Research Division, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2 Ikenodai, Tsukuba 305-0901, Japan
| | - K Chikuni
- Animal Products Research Division, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2 Ikenodai, Tsukuba 305-0901, Japan
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29
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Hansen SL, Svendsen PF, Jeppesen JF, Hoeg LD, Andersen NR, Kristensen JM, Nilas L, Lundsgaard AM, Wojtaszewski JFP, Madsbad S, Kiens B. Molecular Mechanisms in Skeletal Muscle Underlying Insulin Resistance in Women Who Are Lean With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:1841-1854. [PMID: 30544235 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-01771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Skeletal muscle molecular mechanisms underlying insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE To provide insight into mechanisms regulating skeletal muscle insulin resistance in women who are lean with PCOS. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS A hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp with skeletal muscle biopsies was performed. Thirteen women who are lean who have hyperandrogenism and PCOS and seven age- and body mass index-matched healthy control subjects were enrolled. Skeletal muscle protein expression and phosphorylation were analyzed by Western blotting and intramuscular lipid content was measured by thin-layer chromatography. RESULTS Women with PCOS had 25% lower whole-body insulin sensitivity and 40% lower plasma adiponectin concentration than in control subjects. Intramuscular triacylglycerol, sn-1.3 diacylglycerol, and ceramide contents in skeletal muscle were higher (40%, 50%, and 300%, respectively) in women with PCOS than in control subjects. Activation of insulin signaling did not differ between groups. In women with PCOS, the insulin-stimulated glucose oxidation was reduced and insulin-stimulated dephosphorylation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) Ser293 was absent. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) α2 protein expression and basal Thr172 phosphorylation were 45% and 50% lower in women with PCOS than in control subjects, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Whole-body insulin resistance in women who are lean who have hyperandrogenism and PCOS was not related to changes in the proximal part of the insulin signaling cascade in skeletal muscle despite lipid accumulation. Rather, reduced insulin sensitivity was potentially related to plasma adiponectin levels playing a modulating role in human skeletal muscle via AMPK. Furthermore, abnormal PDH regulation may contribute to reduced whole-body metabolic flexibility and thereby insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solvejg L Hansen
- Molecular Physiology Section, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pernille F Svendsen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Copenhagen University Hospital at Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Jacob F Jeppesen
- Molecular Physiology Section, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louise D Hoeg
- Molecular Physiology Section, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicoline R Andersen
- Molecular Physiology Section, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonas M Kristensen
- Molecular Physiology Section, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lisbeth Nilas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Copenhagen University Hospital at Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Anne-Marie Lundsgaard
- Molecular Physiology Section, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jørgen F P Wojtaszewski
- Molecular Physiology Section, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sten Madsbad
- Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital at Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Bente Kiens
- Molecular Physiology Section, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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30
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Kisielewska K, Rytelewska E, Gudelska M, Kiezun M, Dobrzyn K, Szeszko K, Bors K, Wyrebek J, Kaminski T, Smolinska N. The effect of orexin B on steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, P450 side-chain cleavage enzyme, and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase gene expression, and progesterone and androstenedione secretion by the porcine uterus during early pregnancy and the estrous cycle. J Anim Sci 2019; 97:851-864. [PMID: 30508170 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of orexin B (OXB) on progesterone (P4) and androstenedione (A4) secretion by porcine endometrial and myometrial tissue explants and on the expression of key steroidogenic proteins and enzymes involved in steroid production. The hormones secretion and the expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), P450 side-chain cleavage enzyme (CYP11A1), and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD3B1) were analyzed on days 10 to 11, 12 to 13, 15 to 16, and 27 to 28 of pregnancy and during the luteal phase of the estrous cycle (days 10 to 11). Endometrial and myometrial explants were cultured in vitro in the presence of OXB (1, 10, or 100 nM) and OXB (1, 10, or 100 nM) with 1 µM of JNJ (OX2R antagonist). Gene expression was examined by real-time PCR, and steroid secretion was determined by radioimmunoassay. Orexin B modulated StAR, CYP11A1, HSD3B1 mRNA content depending on the type of uterine tissue, the applied OXB dose, and the stage of pregnancy or the estrous cycle (P < 0.05). Orexin B increased P4 secretion in all stages of early gestation (P < 0.05). Orexin B enhanced the release of A4 on days 12 to 13, 15 to 16, and 27 to 28 of gestation, whereas on days 10 to 11 of early pregnancy, A4 secretion decreased in the endometrium and increased in the myometrium (P < 0.05). These results indicate that OXB affects the expression of key steroidogenic regulators and the secretion of steroid hormones in the porcine uterus during early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kisielewska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Edyta Rytelewska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Marlena Gudelska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Marta Kiezun
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Kamil Dobrzyn
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Karol Szeszko
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Kinga Bors
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Wyrebek
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Kaminski
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Nina Smolinska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
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Smolinska N, Szeszko K, Dobrzyn K, Kiezun M, Rytelewska E, Kisielewska K, Gudelska M, Bors K, Wyrebek J, Kopij G, Kaminska B, Kaminski T. Transcriptomic Analysis of Porcine Endometrium during Implantation after In Vitro Stimulation by Adiponectin. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061335. [PMID: 30884816 PMCID: PMC6470965 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Comprehensive understanding of the regulatory mechanism of the implantation process in pigs is crucial for reproductive success. The endometrium plays an important role in regulating the establishment and maintenance of gestation. The goal of the current study was to determine the effect of adiponectin on the global expression pattern of genes and relationships among differentially expressed genes (DE-genes) in the porcine endometrium during implantation using microarrays. Diverse transcriptome analyses including gene ontology (GO), biological pathway, networks, and DE-gene analyses were performed. Adiponectin altered the expression of 1286 genes with fold-change (FC) values greater than 1.2 (p < 0.05). The expression of 560 genes were upregulated and 726 downregulated in the endometrium treated with adiponectin. Thirteen genes were selected for real-time PCR validation of differential expression based on a known role in metabolism, steroid and prostaglandin synthesis, interleukin and growth factor action, and embryo implantation. Functional analysis of the relationship between DE-genes indicated that adiponectin interacts with genes that are involved in the processes of cell proliferation, programmed cell death, steroid and prostaglandin synthesis/metabolism, cytokine production, and cell adhesion that are critical for reproductive success. The presented results suggest that adiponectin signalling may play a key role in the implantation of pig.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Smolinska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland.
| | - Karol Szeszko
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland.
| | - Kamil Dobrzyn
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland.
| | - Marta Kiezun
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland.
| | - Edyta Rytelewska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Kisielewska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland.
| | - Marlena Gudelska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland.
| | - Kinga Bors
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland.
| | - Joanna Wyrebek
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Kopij
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland.
| | - Barbara Kaminska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland.
| | - Tadeusz Kaminski
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland.
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Yin L, Wang W, Wei H, Xi F, Chu G, Yang G. Localization and expression of CTRP6 in ovary and its regulation by FSH in porcine granulosa cells. Theriogenology 2019; 127:56-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Annie L, Gurusubramanian G, Roy VK. Estrogen and progesterone dependent expression of visfatin/NAMPT regulates proliferation and apoptosis in mice uterus during estrous cycle. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 185:225-236. [PMID: 30227242 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Visfatin is an adipokine which has an endocrine effect on reproductive functions and regulates ovarian steroidogenesis. There is scant information about the expression, regulation, and functions of visfatin in the mammalian uterus. The present study examined expression and localization of visfatin in the mouse uterus at various stages of the natural estrous cycle, effects of estrogen and progesterone on localization and expression of visfatin in the ovariectomised mouse uterus and effect of visfatin inhibition by a specific inhibitor, FK866 on proliferation and apoptosis in the uterus. Western blot analysis of visfatin showed high expression in proestrus and metestrus while it declined in estrus and diestrus. Immulocalization study also showed strong immunostaining in the cells of endometrium, myometrium, luminal and glandular epithelium during proestrus and metestrus that estrus and diestrus. The uterine visfatin expression closely related to the increased estrogen levels in proestrus and suppressed when progesterone rose to a high level in diestrus. The treatment with estrogen to ovariectomised mice up-regulates visfatin, PCNA, and active caspase3 whereas progesterone up-regulates PCNA and down-regulates visfatin and active caspase3 expression in mouse uterus. The co-treatment with estrogen and progesterone up-regulates visfatin and down-regulates PCNA and active caspase3. In vitro study showed endogenous visfatin inhibition by FK866 increased expression of PCNA and BCL2 increased catalase activity while FK866 treatment decreased expression of active caspase3 and BAX with decreased SOD and GPx activity. BrdU labeling showed that inhibition of visfatin modulates the uterine proliferation. This study showed that expression of visfatin protein is steroid dependent in mouse uterus which is involved in the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis via modulating antioxidant system in the uterus of mice during the reproductive cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vikas Kumar Roy
- Department of Zoology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796 004, India.
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Dobrzyn K, Smolinska N, Kiezun M, Szeszko K, Rytelewska E, Kisielewska K, Gudelska M, Kaminski T. The in vitro effect of progesterone on the orexin system in porcine uterine tissues during early pregnancy. Acta Vet Scand 2018; 60:76. [PMID: 30477546 PMCID: PMC6258494 DOI: 10.1186/s13028-018-0430-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Orexin A (OXA) and orexin B (OXB) are hypothalamic-derived peptides that participate in the regulation of energy metabolism, food intake and reproductive function by influencing the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. Orexins are also produced in the endometrium, myometrium and placenta, which suggests that they could act as a link between energy metabolism and the reproductive system. Changes in the expression of orexin and the orexin receptor genes and proteins during the oestrous cycle and early gestation in pigs imply that orexin activity may be regulated by local factors within the uterus. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of progesterone (P4) on the expression of orexin system genes, and proteins in the porcine uterus during early gestation. Gene expression was analyzed by real-time PCR. Adiponectin secretion was determined by ELISA, and the receptors proteins content was defined using western blot analysis. Results In the endometrium, P4 enhanced OXA secretion on days 10 to 11 of gestation and OXB secretion on days 12 to 13. In the myometrium, P4 inhibited the secretion of both orexins on days 15 to 16 and OXB secretion also on days 12 to 13. In the endometrium, P4 inhibited the expression of orexin receptor 1 (OX1R) protein at nearly all times analyzed, whereas the expression of orexin receptor 2 (OX2R) protein was inhibited only on days 15 to 16 of gestation. In the myometrium, P4 stimulated OX1R protein expression on days 12 to 13 and 15 to 16 of gestation and inhibited OX1R protein expression on days 27 to 28. The expression of OX2R protein in the myometrium increased on days 12 to 13 and decreased on days 10 to 11 and 15 to 16. Conclusions The results indicate that P4 could regulate the expression of the orexin system in the porcine uterus during early pregnancy, which suggests the presence of a local feedback loop that could play an important role in the regulation of maternal metabolism during pregnancy. The findings may contribute to the existing knowledge of the mechanisms linking maternal energy metabolism with the regulation of the reproductive system during pregnancy.
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Yang G, Song Q, Sun C, Qin J, Jia J, Yuan X, Zhang Y, Li W. Ctrp9 and adiponectin receptors in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Molecular cloning, tissue distribution and effects on reproductive genes. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 265:160-173. [PMID: 29864417 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
As the close paralog of adiponectin, C1q/TNF-Related Protein 9 (CTRP9) has been reported to be involved in the regulation of glucose and fat metabolism, immunization and endothelial cell functions. However, information regarding the actions of Ctrp9 on reproduction is extremely limited in fish. As a first step, Ctrp9, adiponectin receptor 1 (Adipor1) and Adipor2 were identified from Nile tilapia. The open reading frame (ORF) of ctrp9 was 1020 bp which encoded a 339 amino acids. Moreover, the ORFs of adipor1 and adipor2 were 1131 bp and 1134 bp encoding 376 and 377 amino acids, respectively. Tissue distribution showed that ctrp9 mRNA levels were highest in the kidney in both sexes. And, the expression of adipor1 and adipor2 were widely distributed in all tissues examined, exhibiting high levels in the brain, gonad, gut and stomach. In addition, intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of gCtrp9 (globular Ctrp9) suppressed the hypothalamic expression of gnrh2 (gonadotropin-releasing hormone 2) and gnrh3, as well as gthα (gonadotropic hormone α), fshβ (follicle-stimulating hormone β), lhβ (luteinizing hormone β), lhr (LH receptor) and fshr (FSH receptor) mRNA levels in the pituitary. The mRNA levels of adipor1, but not adipor2, in the gonads were also inhibited after injection. Moreover, the levels of serum E2 (estrogen) in female and T (testosterone) in male were significantly decreased after injection of gCtrp9. Overall, our data provides novel data indicating, for the first time, a regulatory effect of CTRP9 on teleost reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guokun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Qinqin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Caiyun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jingkai Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jirong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yazhou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Wensheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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Mathew H, Castracane VD, Mantzoros C. Adipose tissue and reproductive health. Metabolism 2018; 86:18-32. [PMID: 29155136 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The understanding of adipose tissue role has evolved from that of a depot energy storage organ to a dynamic endocrine organ. While genetics, sexual phenotype and sex steroids can impact the mass and distribution of adipose tissue, there is a counter-influence of white adipocytes on reproduction. This primarily occurs via the secretion of adipokines, the most studied of which- leptin and adiponectin- are highlighted in this article. Leptin, the "satiety hormone" primarily acts on the hypothalamus via pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), neuropeptide Y (NPY), and agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neurons to translate acute changes in nutrition and energy expenditure, as well as chronic adipose accumulation into changes in appetite and potentially mediate insulin resistance via shared pathway and notably impacting reproductive health via influence on GnRH secreting neurons. Meanwhile, adiponectin is notable for its action in mediating insulin sensitivity, with receptors found at every level of the reproductive axis. Both have been examined in the context of physiologic and pathologic reproductive conditions. Leptin has been shown to influence puberty, pregnancy, hypothalamic amenorrhea, and lipodystrophy, and with a potential therapeutic role for both metabolic and reproductive health. Adiponectin mediates the relative state of insulin resistance in pregnancy, and has been implicated in conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome and reproductive malignancies. There are numerous other adipokines, including resistin, visfatin, chemerin and retinol binding protein-4, which may also play roles in reproductive health and disease states. The continued examination of these and other adipokines in both normal reproduction and reproductive pathologies represents an important avenue for continued study. Here, we seek to provide a broad, yet comprehensive overview of many facets of these relationships and highlight areas of consideration for clinicians and future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Mathew
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Weight Management, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - V Daniel Castracane
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Odessa, TX, USA
| | - Christos Mantzoros
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Jimoh A, Tanko Y, Ayo JO, Ahmed A, Mohammed A. Resveratrol increases serum adiponectin level and decreases leptin and insulin level in an experimental model of hypercholesterolemia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 25:411-417. [PMID: 30190096 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Serum adiponectin concentration is inversely associated with leptin and insulin concentration. There is little paucity of information in the literature on the adipokine levels and regulation by resveratrol in cholesterol diet-fed animals. Thirty rabbits were randomly divided into six groups, each of five animals: Group 1 = control (C), Group 2 = cholesterol diet (CD) only, Group 3 = resveratrol 200 mg/kg (R200), Group 4 = resveratrol 400 mg/kg (R400), Group 5 = CD + R200, Group 6 = CD + R400. The preparations were administered for 8th weeks of the treatment protocol. weight and blood glucose level were measured on week zero and the 8th week of the treatment. At the end of the study period, the rabbits were placed under light anaesthesia. Blood samples were evaluated for serum concentrations of metabolites assays (adiponectin, leptin and insulin). Serum adiponectin significantly (P < 0.05) increased in resveratrol + CD groups, compared to CD group only. Leptin and insulin significantly (P <0.05) decreased in CD groups co-administered with resveratrol, compared with CD group only. In conclusion, the increase in adiponectin level and decrease in leptin and insulin level following resveratrol administration elucidated the therapeutic potential of resveratrol, despite cholesterol diet consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jimoh
- College of Health Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Department of Human Physiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
| | - Y Tanko
- College of Health Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Department of Human Physiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - J O Ayo
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmocgnosy and Drug Development, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - A Mohammed
- College of Health Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Department of Human Physiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
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Dobrzyn K, Smolinska N, Szeszko K, Kiezun M, Maleszka A, Kaminski T. Modulation of adiponectin system expression in the porcine uterus during early pregnancy by prostaglandin E 2 and F 2α. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 29:1832-1845. [PMID: 27938627 DOI: 10.1071/rd16181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have demonstrated that adiponectin could be a link between reproductive functions and energy metabolism in animals. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of prostaglandin (PG) E2 and PGF2α (10, 50, 100, 250 and 500ngmL-1) on the expression and secretion of adiponectin and its receptor genes and proteins by cultured in vitro porcine endometrial and myometrial tissues on Days 10-28 of pregnancy and Days 10-11 of the oestrous cycle. The gene expression was analysed using the real-time PCR method. Adiponectin protein secretion was determined by ELISA, whereas the receptors proteins content was defined using Western Blot analysis. Both PGE2 and PGF2α modulated the expression of adiponectin system genes and proteins in the uterus during early pregnancy. PGE2 and PGF2α had similar effects on the adiponectin system, which differed between the stages of gestation and between pregnancy and the oestrous cycle. On Days 10-11 of gestation, PGE2 and PGF2α generally increased adiponectin secretion by endometrial and myometrial tissues. Both PGs decreased levels of endometrial adiponectin receptor type 1 (AdipoR1), whereas only PGF2α decreased myometrial levels of AdipoR1. Both PGs increased myometrial adiponectin receptor type 2 (AdipoR2) levels. On Days 12-13 of gestation, PGE2 decreased AdipoR1 concentrations in both tissues and AdipoR2 levels in the endometrium. PGF2α decreased myometrial concentrations of both receptors. On Days 15-16 of gestation, both PGE2 and PGF2α increased concentrations of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 in the endometrium and myometrium. PGE2 stimulated the secretion of adiponectin in the endometrium, but not in the myometrium. On Days 27-28 of pregnancy, both PGE2 and PGF2α inhibited the expression of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 in endometrial and myometrial tissues and decreased the secretion of endometrial adiponectin. Both PGE2 and PGF2α had tissue-specific and dose-dependent effects on the adiponectin system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Dobrzyn
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
| | - Nina Smolinska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
| | - Karol Szeszko
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
| | - Marta Kiezun
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
| | - Anna Maleszka
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Kaminski
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
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Gomes ET, Costa JAS, Silva DMF, Al Shebli W, Azevedo ML, Monteiro Jr PLJ, Araújo Silva RAJ, Santos Filho AS, Guerra MMP, Bartolomeu CC, Wischral A, Batista AM. Effects of adiponectin during in vitro maturation of goat oocytes: MEK 1/2 pathway and gene expression pattern. Reprod Domest Anim 2018; 53:1323-1329. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.13251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabete T. Gomes
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
| | - Joana Amélia S. Costa
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
| | - Diogo Manoel F. Silva
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
| | - Wasim Al Shebli
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
| | - Marina L. Azevedo
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Maria Madalena P. Guerra
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
| | | | - Aurea Wischral
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
| | - André M. Batista
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
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Singh A, Choubey M, Bora P, Krishna A. Adiponectin and Chemerin: Contrary Adipokines in Regulating Reproduction and Metabolic Disorders. Reprod Sci 2018; 25:1462-1473. [DOI: 10.1177/1933719118770547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anusha Singh
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mayank Choubey
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Puran Bora
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jones Eye Institute, Pat & Willard Walker Eye Research Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Amitabh Krishna
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Effect of orexin B on CYP17A1 and CYP19A3 expression and oestradiol, oestrone and testosterone secretion in the porcine uterus during early pregnancy and the oestrous cycle. Animal 2018; 12:1921-1932. [PMID: 29366436 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731117003779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Orexin A (OXA) and B (OXB) are hypothalamic neuropeptides identified as regulators of food intake, energy homoeostasis, sleep-wake cycle and arousal. They also create an integrative link between energy homoeostasis and reproduction. Although their functions in the ovaries and testes have been partially explored, to date, less attention has been focused on the role of the peptides in the uterus. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of one of orexins - orexin B on oestradiol (E2), oestrone (E1) and testosterone (T) secretion by porcine endometrial and myometrial slices as well as the gene expression of key steroidogenic enzymes responsible for steroid production (CYP17A1, CYP19A3) during the luteal phase of the oestrous cycle (days 10 to 11) and early pregnancy (days 10 to 11, 12 to 13, 15 to 16, 27 to 28). Orexin B suppressed E2 secretion by endometrial slices on days 10 to 11 and 15 to 16 of pregnancy, and days 10 to 11 of the cycle. In the myometrium, OXB inhibited E2 production on days 10 to 11 of pregnancy, whereas on days 12 to 13 it enhanced steroid output. Endometrial E1 release was potentiated by the peptide during all studied periods of the cycle and pregnancy, with the exception of days 12 to 13, when an inhibitory effect was observed. Myometrial secretion of E1 was increased, except on days 27 to 28. Testosterone secretion by endometrial slices was increased on days 12 to 13 and 27 to 28 of pregnancy. On days 10 to 11 of the cycle, T release was stimulated in response to the lowest and decreased under the influence of the highest dose of OXB. In the myometrium, T production was inhibited by OXB on days 10 to 11 of pregnancy and during the corresponding period of the cycle. On days 27 to 28 of pregnancy, T release was potentiated by the lowest dose of OXB. Expression of both genes was modified by OXB depending on the period of pregnancy and the type of examined uterine tissues. Our findings suggest that OXB, through modulation of uterine steroidogenesis, may have a regulatory role in the uterus.
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Dobrzyn K, Smolinska N, Kiezun M, Szeszko K, Rytelewska E, Kisielewska K, Gudelska M, Kaminski T. Adiponectin: A New Regulator of Female Reproductive System. Int J Endocrinol 2018; 2018:7965071. [PMID: 29853884 PMCID: PMC5949163 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7965071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is the hormone that belongs to the group of adipokines, chemical agents mainly derived from the white adipose tissue. The hormone plays pleiotropic roles in the organism, but the most important function of adiponectin is the control of energy metabolism. The presence of adiponectin and its receptors in the structures responsible for the regulation of female reproductive functions, such as hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, indicates that adiponectin may be involved in the female fertility regulation. The growing body of evidence suggests also that adiponectin action is dependent on the actual and hormonal status of the animal. Present study presents the current knowledge about the presence and role of adiponectin system (adiponectin and its receptors: AdipoR1 and AdipoR2) in the ovaries, oviduct, and uterus, as well as in the hypothalamus and pituitary, the higher branches of HPG axis, involved in the female fertility regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Dobrzyn
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
| | - Nina Smolinska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
| | - Marta Kiezun
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
| | - Karol Szeszko
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
| | - Edyta Rytelewska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kisielewska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
| | - Marlena Gudelska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Kaminski
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland
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Abstract
The adipose tissue serves an essential role for survival and reproduction in mammals, especially females. It serves primarily as an energy storage organ and is directly linked to the reproductive success of mammals. In wild animals, adipose tissue function is linked to seasonality of the food supply to support fetal growth and milk production. Adipose tissue depots in ruminants and non-ruminants can secrete many signal molecules (adipokines) that act as hormones and as pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. The visceral adipose tissue especially appears to be more endocrinologically active than other adipose depots. The endocrine function is important for the overall long-term regulation of energy metabolism and plays an important role in the adaptation to lactation in many mammalian species, including humans. Furthermore, endocrine signals from adipose tissue depots contribute to fertility modulation, immune function, and inflammatory response. Energy homeostasis is modulated by changes in feed intake, insulin sensitivity, and energy expenditure, processes that can be influenced by adipokines in the brain and in peripheral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P McNamara
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99163, USA; .,McNamara Research in Agriculture Firm, Pullman, Washington 99163, USA
| | - K Huber
- Functional Anatomy of Livestock, University of Hohenheim, 70559 Stuttgart, Germany;
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Zglejc K, Martyniak M, Waszkiewicz E, Kotwica G, Franczak A. Peri-conceptional under-nutrition alters transcriptomic profile in the endometrium during the peri-implantation period-The study in domestic pigs. Reprod Domest Anim 2017; 53:74-84. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.13068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Zglejc
- Department of Animal Physiology; Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology; University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; Olsztyn Poland
| | - M Martyniak
- Department of Animal Physiology; Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology; University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; Olsztyn Poland
| | - E Waszkiewicz
- Department of Animal Physiology; Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology; University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; Olsztyn Poland
| | - G Kotwica
- Department of Animal Physiology; Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology; University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; Olsztyn Poland
| | - A Franczak
- Department of Animal Physiology; Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology; University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; Olsztyn Poland
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Dobrzyn K, Smolinska N, Szeszko K, Kiezun M, Maleszka A, Rytelewska E, Kaminski T. Effect of progesterone on adiponectin system in the porcine uterus during early pregnancy. J Anim Sci 2017; 95:338-352. [PMID: 28177362 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2016.0732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of progesterone (P4) on adiponectin system genes and protein expression in the endometrium and myometrium during early gestation. Twenty-five gilts were assigned to 1 of 5 groups ( = 5): d 10 to 11 (embryo migration), 12 to 13 (maternal recognition of pregnancy), 15 to 16 (implantation), and 27 to 28 (end of implantation) of pregnancy and d 10 to 11 of the cycle (fully active corpora lutea, corresponding to the corpora lutea activity during gestation). The endometrial and myometrial tissues were cut into 100 mg slices, treated with P4 (10, 100, 1000 nM) and incubated for 24 h. Gene expression was analyzed by the real-time PCR method. Adiponectin secretion was determined by ELISA. Receptor protein content was defined using Western Blot analysis. In the endometrium, on d 10 to 11 of pregnancy, P4 stimulated adiponectin protein secretion. On those days, P4 enhanced adiponectin receptor type 1 () and type 2 () gene expression but inhibited both receptors' protein content. On d 12 to 13 of pregnancy, P4 inhibited adiponectin gene expression. During those period, P4 enhanced gene expression but suppressed both receptors' protein content. On d 15 to 16 of gestation, P4 increased adiponectin gene expression but inhibited the protein secretion. During those days, P4 suppressed gene expression and enhanced AdipoR2 protein content. On d 27 to 28 of gestation, P4 enhanced gene and AdipoR1 protein expression ( < 0.05). In the myometrium, on d 10 to 11 of gestation, P4 increased both receptors' gene expression but suppressed their protein content. On d 12 to 13 of pregnancy, P4 increased adiponectin and genes and AdipoR1 protein expression but decreased AdipoR2 protein content. On d 15 to 16 of gestation, P4 inhibited adiponectin gene expression. On those days, P4 enhanced gene and protein expression. On d 27 to 28 of gestation, P4 decreased adiponectin gene expression. On those days, P4 increased the myometrial AdipoR2 protein concentration and decreased gene protein expression ( < 0.05). Overall, the influence of P4 was found to be tissue specific and dose dependent. Results presented in this study indicate the modulatory effect of P4 on adiponectin system in the porcine uterus during early pregnancy, which may suggest the involvement of this adipokine in the early pregnancy establishment.
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Endocrine disrupting compounds modulates adiponectin secretion, expression of its receptors and action on steroidogenesis in ovarian follicle. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 69:204-211. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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The effect of orexin A on CYP17A1 and CYP19A3 expression and on oestradiol, oestrone and testosterone secretion in the porcine uterus during early pregnancy and the oestrous cycle. Theriogenology 2016; 90:129-140. [PMID: 28166959 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Orexin A (OXA) is a hypothalamic neuropeptide known for its role in the regulation of food intake and arousal. It is also considered as a link between energy homeostasis and reproduction. Nevertheless, very little is known on the role of this peptide in the uterus. The objective of this study was to investigate OXA effect on oestradiol (E2), oestrone (E1), and testosterone (T) secretion by porcine endometrial and myometrial explants and gene expression of key steroidogenic enzymes involved in steroid production, namely cytochrome P450c17 (CYP17A1) and cytochrome P450 aromatase (CYP19A3), on days 10-11, 12 to 13, 15 to 16 and 27 to 28 of pregnancy and on days 10-11 of the cycle. In endometrium, OXA increased E1 secretion on days 10-11 and 15 to 27 of gestation, and T release on days 12-13. A decrease in E2, E1 and T secretion was noted on days 27-28, 12 to 13 and 10 to 11 of gestation, respectively. OXA enhanced CYP17A1 and CYP19A3 expression on days 15-28 of pregnancy, whereas decreased their expression on days 10-13. In the myometrium, OXA increased E1 secretion on days 10-16 of pregnancy, whereas inhibited the release of E2 and T on days 10-11. CYP17A1 and CYP19A3 genes expression was enhanced on days 27-28 and 12 to 13 of pregnancy, respectively. The expression of both genes was suppressed on days 10-11 and 15 to 16 of pregnancy (P < 0.05). Our findings suggest that OXA, via its influence on steroidogenesis, may play a regulatory role in the uterus.
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The effect of estrone and estradiol on the expression of the adiponectin system in the porcine uterus during early pregnancy. Theriogenology 2016; 88:183-196. [PMID: 28234230 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Adiponectin is secreted by the white adipose tissue and is one of the most important hormones that regulate metabolic homeostasis. The expression of adiponectin and adiponectin receptor genes and proteins in reproductive organs, such as the testes, ovaries, and uterus, suggests that adiponectin is also involved in the regulation of reproductive functions. Changes in the expression of adiponectin and adiponectin receptor genes and proteins in the porcine uterus during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy imply that adiponectin activity may be controlled by the local hormonal milieu. Estrone (E1) and estradiol (E2) are the key steroid hormones that regulate reproductive functions, including the early recognition of pregnancy and implantation. We hypothesize that E1 and E2 may regulate the expression of the adiponectin system in a pregnant uterus. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of E1 and E2 on the expression of adiponectin and its receptor genes and proteins by porcine endometrial and myometrial explants harvested from gilts (n = 5 per group) on Days 10 to 11, 12 to 13, 15 to 16, and 27 to 28 of pregnancy and on Days 10 to 11 of the estrous cycle. The expression of adiponectin and AdipoRs genes was examined with the real-time polymerase chain reaction, adiponectin secretion was evaluated with the ELISA method, and the expression of receptor proteins was determined using the Western blotting method. The results revealed that both E1 and E2 significantly influenced the expression of the adiponectin gene, hormone secretion in vitro, and the expression of AdipoRs genes and proteins. The influence of E1 and E2 on the expression of the adiponectin system varied in the early gestation, during the estrous cycle and between different stages of gestation. The examined steroids had a tissue-specific and a dose-dependent effect. This is the first ever study to describe the modulatory effect of E1 and E2 on the expression of the adiponectin system in the porcine uterus during early gestation.
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Roumaud P, Martin LJ. Roles of leptin, adiponectin and resistin in the transcriptional regulation of steroidogenic genes contributing to decreased Leydig cells function in obesity. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2016; 24:25-45. [PMID: 26587746 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2015-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The increase in obesity rate is a major public health issue associated with increased pathological conditions such as type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular diseases. Obesity also contributes to decreased testosterone levels in men. Indeed, the adipose tissue is an endocrine organ which produces hormones such as leptin, adiponectin and resistin. Obesity results in pathological accumulations of leptin and resistin, whereas adiponectin plasma levels are markedly reduced, all having a negative impact on testosterone synthesis. This review focuses on current knowledge related to transcriptional regulation of Leydig cells' steroidogenesis by leptin, adiponectin and resistin. We show that there are crosstalks between the regulatory mechanisms of these hormones and androgen production which may result in a dramatic negative influence on testosterone plasma levels. Indeed leptin, adiponectin and resistin can impact expression of different steroidogenic genes such as Star, Cyp11a1 or Sf1. Further investigations will be required to better define the implications of adipose derived hormones on regulation of steroidogenic genes expression within Leydig cells under physiological as well as pathological conditions.
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