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Yang L, Long Y, Xiao S. Osteosarcoma-Associated Immune Genes as Potential Immunotherapy and Prognosis Biomarkers. Biochem Genet 2024; 62:798-813. [PMID: 37452172 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10444-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Immune-modulating therapies exhibit abundant promise compared to traditional treatment for osteosarcoma. We aim to establish an immune-related prognostic signatures in osteosarcoma. We identified the differentially expressed genes in osteosarcoma compared with normal controls using the GEO dataset. The intersection with immune-related genes was considered as differentially expressed immune genes. Potential prognosis-related differentially expressed genes were first analyzed with the multifactor Cox regression and then the step function performed the iteration. The best model was finally chosen as the immunological risk score signature model. And finally, we evaluated the correlation of genes in the prognostic model with immune cells, common immune checkpoints, and immune checkpoint blockade responses. We identified 1527 significantly upregulated and 2407 significantly downregulated genes in osteosarcoma compared to normal samples. In the 258 differentially expressed immune genes, 20 genes with independent prognostic significance were included in the step function. Finally, we constructed a prognostic signature for overall survival based on five immune genes (JAG2, PLXNB1, CMKLR1, NUDT6, and PSMC4) in osteosarcoma. These five genes are closely related to immune infiltration. Osteosarcoma with high JAG2 expression or low CMKLR1 expression may be associated with better immune checkpoint blockade response. JAG2 overexpression or CMKLR1 inhibition induced sensitivity to PD-1 antibody in osteosarcoma cells. We constructed a prognosis prediction signature containing five immune-related genes (JAG2, PLXNB1, CMKLR1, NUDT6, and PSMC4) with a significant prognostic value in osteosarcoma. Significant differences in immune infiltration and immunotherapy responses were identified between groups with different levels of these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases of Xinyang, Institute of Inspection Technology, Xinyang Vocational and Technical College, Xinyang, 464000, China
| | - Yi Long
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, 412000, China.
| | - Shengshi Xiao
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, 412000, China.
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Ma J, Chen Z, Li Q, Wang L, Chen J, Yang X, Yang C, Quan Z. RARRES2 is involved in the "lock-and-key" interactions between osteosarcoma stem cells and tumor-associated macrophages. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2267. [PMID: 38280909 PMCID: PMC10821905 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52738-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a type of tumor. Osteosarcoma stem cells (OSCs) are responsible for drug resistance, recurrence, and immunosuppression in OS. We aimed to determine the heterogeneity of OSCs and the immunosuppression mechanisms underlying the interactions between OSCs and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). The cell components, trajectory changes, and cell communication profiles of OS cells were analyzed by transcriptomics at the single-cell level. The intercellular communication patterns of OSCs were verified, and the role of the cell hub genes was revealed. Hub geneS are genes that play important roles in regulating certain biological processes; they are often defined as the genes with the strongest regulatory effect on differentially expressed gene sets. Moreover, various cellular components of the OS microenvironment were identified. Malignant cells were grouped, and OSCs were identified. Further regrouping and communication analysis revealed that the genes in the stemness maintenance and differentiation subgroups were involved in communication with macrophages. Key receptor-ligand pairs and target gene sets for cell communication were obtained. Transcriptome data analysis revealed the key gene RARRES2, which is involved in intercellular communication between OSCs and TAMs. In vitro studies confirmed that macrophages promote RARRES2-mediated stemness maintenance in OSCs via the TAM-secreted cytokine insulin-like growth factor 1. Patient studies confirmed that RARRES2 could be a biomarker of OS. OSCs are highly heterogeneous, and different subgroups are responsible for proliferation and communication with other cells. The IGF-RARRES2 axis plays a key role in maintaining OSC stemness through communication with TAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjin Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhiyu Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Qiaochu Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Linbang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jiaxing Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chaohua Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhengxue Quan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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3
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Sato S. Adipo-oncology: adipocyte-derived factors govern engraftment, survival, and progression of metastatic cancers. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:52. [PMID: 38238841 PMCID: PMC10797898 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01474-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Conventional therapies for metastatic cancers have limited efficacy. Recently, cancer therapies targeting noncancerous cells in tumor microenvironments have shown improved clinical outcomes in patients. However, further advances in our understanding of the metastatic tumor microenvironment are required to improve treatment outcomes. Adipocytes are distributed throughout the body, and as a part of the metastatic tumor microenvironment, they interact with cancer cells in almost all organs. Adipocytes secrete various factors that are reported to exert clinical effects on cancer progression, including engraftment, survival, and expansion at the metastatic sites. However, only a few studies have comprehensively examined their impact on cancer cells. In this review, we examined the impact of adipocytes on cancer by describing the adipocyte-secreted factors that are involved in controlling metastatic cancer, focusing on adipokines, such as adiponectin, leptin, visfatin, chemerin, resistin, apelin, and omentin. Adipocyte-secreted factors promote cancer metastasis and contribute to various biological functions of cancer cells, including migration, invasion, proliferation, immune evasion, and drug resistance at the metastatic sites. We propose the establishment and expansion of "adipo-oncology" as a research field to enhance the comprehensive understanding of the role of adipocytes in metastatic cancers and the development of more robust metastatic cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Sato
- Morphological Analysis Laboratory, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, 2-3-2, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan.
- Molecular Pathology and Genetics Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, 2-3-2, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan.
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cancer Center Hospital, 2-3-2, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan.
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Oh IH, Pyo JS, Min KW, Kim OZ, Son BK. Prognostic impact of chemerin expression in colorectal cancer: A detailed analysis based on histological components and meta-analysis. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154876. [PMID: 37898040 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the clinicopathological significance of chemerin immunohistochemical expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) based on histologic components. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect chemerin in 266 human CRC tissues. Correlation between chemerin expression, clinicopathological characteristics, and survival in CRC. A meta-analysis was performed to claify the prognostic role of chemerin tissue expression in malignant tumors. Chemerin was expressed in 125 of 266 CRC tissues (47.0 %) and was significantly correlated with distant metastasis (P = 0.012). However, no significant correlation was observed between chemerin expression and other clinicopathological parameters. Subgroup analyses based on histological components showed that chemerin expression was significantly higher in CRCs with the mucinous component than in those without the mucinous component (P 0.001). However, there was no significant correlation between chemerin expression and the micropapillary component. Patients with chemerin expression had worse overall and recurrence-free survival rates (P = 0.017 and P = 0.009, respectively). The prognostic significance of chemerin was found in CRCs without the mucinous component but not in those with the mucinous component. Chemerin expression was significantly correlated with poor survival in breast and ovarian cancers in the meta-analysis. Chemerin expression significantly correlated with distant metastasis and poor survival in CRCs. The predictive role of patient prognosis is useful for CRCs, especially those with no mucinous component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il Hwan Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Uijeongbu-si, 11759, the Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Soo Pyo
- Department of Pathology, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Uijeongbu-si, 11759, the Republic of Korea
| | - Kyueng-Whan Min
- Department of Pathology, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Uijeongbu-si, 11759, the Republic of Korea
| | - One Zoong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Uijeongbu-si, 11759, the Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Kwan Son
- Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Uijeongbu-si, 11759, the Republic of Korea.
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Ballet R, LaJevic M, Huskey-Mullin N, Roach R, Brulois K, Huang Y, Saeed MA, Dang HX, Pachynski RK, Wilson E, Butcher EC, Zabel BA. Chemerin triggers migration of a CD8 T cell subset with natural killer cell functions. Mol Ther 2023; 31:2887-2900. [PMID: 37641406 PMCID: PMC10556222 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The recruitment of cells with effector functions into the tumor microenvironment holds potential for delaying cancer progression. We show that subsets of human CD28-effector CD8 T cells, CCR7- CD45RO+ effector memory, and CCR7- CD45RO- effector memory RA phenotypes, express the chemerin receptor CMKLR1 and bind chemerin via the receptor. CMKLR1-expressing human CD8 effector memory T cells present gene, protein, and cytotoxic features of NK cells. Active chemerin promotes chemotaxis of CMKLR1-expressing CD8 effector memory cells and triggers activation of the α4β1 integrin. In an experimental prostate tumor mouse model, chemerin expression is downregulated in the tumor microenvironment, which is associated with few tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells, while forced overexpression of chemerin by mouse prostate cancer cells leads to an accumulation of intra-tumor CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, α4 integrin blockade abrogated the chemerin-dependent recruitment of CD8+ T effector memory cells into implanted prostate tumors in vivo. The results identify a role for chemerin:CMKLR1 in defining a specialized NK-like CD8 T cell, and suggest the use of chemerin-dependent modalities to target effector CMKLR1-expressing T cells to the tumor microenvironment for immunotherapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Ballet
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research (PAVIR), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System (VAPAHCS), Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Melissa LaJevic
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research (PAVIR), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System (VAPAHCS), Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Rachel Roach
- Pfizer Centers for Therapeutic Innovation, La Jolla, CA 92121, USA
| | - Kevin Brulois
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research (PAVIR), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System (VAPAHCS), Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ying Huang
- Pfizer Centers for Therapeutic Innovation, La Jolla, CA 92121, USA
| | - Muhammad A Saeed
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Ha X Dang
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Russell K Pachynski
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Elizabeth Wilson
- Pfizer Centers for Therapeutic Innovation, La Jolla, CA 92121, USA
| | - Eugene C Butcher
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Brian A Zabel
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research (PAVIR), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System (VAPAHCS), Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Chen Y, Zhou X, Xie Y, Wu J, Li T, Yu T, Pang Y, Du W. Establishment of a Seven-Gene Signature Associated with CD8 + T Cells through the Utilization of Both Single-Cell and Bulk RNA-Sequencing Techniques in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13729. [PMID: 37762031 PMCID: PMC10530336 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor immune microenvironment constituents, such as CD8+ T cells, have emerged as crucial focal points for cancer immunotherapy. Given the absence of reliable biomarkers for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), we aimed to ascertain a molecular signature that could potentially be linked to CD8+ T cells. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) linked to CD8+ T cells were identified through an analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Subsequently, immune-associated genes were obtained from the InnateDB and ImmPort datasets and were cross-referenced with CD8+ T-cell-associated DEGs to generate a series of DEGs linked to immune response and CD8+ T cells. Patients with ccRCC from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were randomly allocated into testing and training groups. A gene signature was established by conducting LASSO-Cox analysis and subsequently confirmed using both the testing and complete groups. The efficacy of this signature in evaluating immunotherapy response was assessed on the IMvigor210 cohort. Finally, we employed various techniques, including CIBERSORT, ESTIMATE, ssGSEA, and qRT-PCR, to examine the immunological characteristics, drug responses, and expression of the signature genes in ccRCC. Our findings revealed 206 DEGs linked to immune response and CD8+ T cells, among which 65 genes were correlated with overall survival (OS) in ccRCC. A risk assessment was created utilizing a set of seven genes: RARRES2, SOCS3, TNFSF14, XCL1, GRN, CLDN4, and RBP7. The group with a lower risk showed increased expression of CD274 (PD-L1), suggesting a more favorable response to anti-PD-L1 treatment. The seven-gene signature demonstrated accurate prognostic prediction for ccRCC and holds potential as a clinical reference for treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Chen
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China; (Y.C.); (X.Z.); (Y.X.); (J.W.); (T.L.); (T.Y.); (Y.P.)
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Xinyu Zhou
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China; (Y.C.); (X.Z.); (Y.X.); (J.W.); (T.L.); (T.Y.); (Y.P.)
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Yanwei Xie
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China; (Y.C.); (X.Z.); (Y.X.); (J.W.); (T.L.); (T.Y.); (Y.P.)
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Jianan Wu
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China; (Y.C.); (X.Z.); (Y.X.); (J.W.); (T.L.); (T.Y.); (Y.P.)
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China; (Y.C.); (X.Z.); (Y.X.); (J.W.); (T.L.); (T.Y.); (Y.P.)
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Tian Yu
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China; (Y.C.); (X.Z.); (Y.X.); (J.W.); (T.L.); (T.Y.); (Y.P.)
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Yipeng Pang
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China; (Y.C.); (X.Z.); (Y.X.); (J.W.); (T.L.); (T.Y.); (Y.P.)
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Wenlong Du
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China; (Y.C.); (X.Z.); (Y.X.); (J.W.); (T.L.); (T.Y.); (Y.P.)
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
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Wang H, Wang X, Xu L, Zhang J. RARRES2 is Downregulated in Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 Mutant Glioma Patients and Served as an Unfavorable Prognostic Factor of Glioma. World Neurosurg 2023; 176:e610-e622. [PMID: 37271257 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.05.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) induce extensive transcriptional alterations to promote glioma development. However, IDH1 mutation contributes the better clinical outcomes of glioma. Further understanding the transcriptional and DNA methylation changes mediated by IDH1 mutation will provide new therapeutic targets for glioma. METHODS Public glioma cohorts were collected and processed using R software. The transcriptional changes mediated by IDH1 mutation were determined and presented using heatmap. The differentially expressed genes in IDH1 mutant glioma were overlapped using TBtools. The prognostic effects of IDH1 regulated genes were determined by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. RESULTS Retinoic acid receptor responder 2 (RARRES2) was upregulated in IDH1 wild type lower-grade glioma (LGG) patients, and higher expression levels of RARRES2 were associated with worse clinical outcomes of LGG. Moreover, IDH1 wild type LGG patients with higher expression levels of RARRES2 had even worse overall survival. Compared with LGG, RARRES2 was upregulated in grade IV glioma (glioblastoma multiforme, GBM). Also, RARRES2 represented an unfavorable prognostic factor of glioma. In GBM, RARRES2 was also associated with IDH1 mutation. In both LGG and GBM, IDH1 mutation induced extensive DNA hypermethylation, and more than half genes that were downregulated in IDH1 mutant glioma were contributed by DNA hypermethylation. RARRES2 was also hypermethylated in IDH1 mutant LGG or GBM patients. Furthermore, RARRES2 hypomethylation was an unfavorable prognostic factor in patients with LGG. CONCLUSIONS RARRES2 was downregulated by IDH1 mutation and served as an unfavorable prognostic factor in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiwei Wang
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Xinrui Wang
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Liangpu Xu
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Rui-Jin Hospital Affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Lavy M, Gauttier V, Dumont A, Chocteau F, Deshayes S, Fresquet J, Dehame V, Girault I, Trilleaud C, Neyton S, Mary C, Juin P, Poirier N, Barillé-Nion S, Blanquart C. ChemR23 activation reprograms macrophages toward a less inflammatory phenotype and dampens carcinoma progression. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1196731. [PMID: 37539056 PMCID: PMC10396772 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1196731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Tumor Associated Macrophages (TAM) are a major component of the tumor environment and their accumulation often correlates with poor prognosis by contributing to local inflammation, inhibition of anti-tumor immune response and resistance to anticancer treatments. In this study, we thus investigated the anti-cancer therapeutic interest to target ChemR23, a receptor of the resolution of inflammation expressed by macrophages, using an agonist monoclonal antibody, αChemR23. Methods Human GM-CSF, M-CSF and Tumor Associated Macrophage (TAM)-like macrophages were obtained by incubation of monocytes from healthy donors with GM-CSF, M-CSF or tumor cell supernatants (Breast cancer (BC) or malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) cells). The effects of αChemR23 on macrophages were studied at the transcriptomic, protein and functional level. Datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were used to study CMKLR1 expression, coding for ChemR23, in BC and MPM tumors. In vivo, αChemR23 was evaluated on overall survival, metastasis development and transcriptomic modification of the metastatic niche using a model of resected triple negative breast cancer. Results We show that ChemR23 is expressed at higher levels in M-CSF and tumor cell supernatant differentiated macrophages (TAM-like) than in GM-CSF-differentiated macrophages. ChemR23 activation triggered by αChemR23 deeply modulates M-CSF and TAM-like macrophages including profile of cell surface markers, cytokine secretion, gene mRNA expression and immune functions. The expression of ChemR23 coding gene (CMKLR1) strongly correlates to TAM markers in human BC tumors and MPM and its histological detection in these tumors mainly corresponds to TAM expression. In vivo, treatment with αChemR23 agonist increased mouse survival and decreased metastasis occurrence in a model of triple-negative BC in correlation with modulation of TAM phenotype in the metastatic niche. Conclusion These results open an attractive opportunity to target TAM and the resolution of inflammation pathways through ChemR23 to circumvent TAM pro-tumoral effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alison Dumont
- Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d’Angers, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France
| | - Florian Chocteau
- Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d’Angers, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France
| | - Sophie Deshayes
- Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d’Angers, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France
| | - Judith Fresquet
- Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d’Angers, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France
| | - Virginie Dehame
- Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d’Angers, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, service de pneumologie, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Philippe Juin
- Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d’Angers, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France
- ICO René Gauducheau, Saint Herblain, France
| | | | - Sophie Barillé-Nion
- Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d’Angers, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France
| | - Christophe Blanquart
- Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d’Angers, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France
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Verras GI, Tchabashvili L, Chlorogiannis DD, Mulita F, Argentou MI. Updated Clinical Evidence on the Role of Adipokines and Breast Cancer: A Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051572. [PMID: 36900364 PMCID: PMC10000674 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
With the recent leaps in medicine, the landscape of our knowledge regarding adipose tissue has changed dramatically: it is now widely regarded as a fully functional endocrine organ. In addition, evidence from observational studies has linked the pathogenesis of diseases like breast cancer with adipose tissue and mainly with the adipokines that are secreted in its microenvironment, with the catalog continuously expanding. Examples include leptin, visfatin, resistin, osteopontin, and more. This review aims to encapsulate the current clinical evidence concerning major adipokines and their link with breast cancer oncogenesis. Overall, there have been numerous meta-analyses that contribute to the current clinical evidence, however more targeted larger-scale clinical studies are still expected to solidify their clinical utility in BC prognosis and reliability as follow-up markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios-Ioannis Verras
- Breast Unit, Department of General Surgery, General University Hospital of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece
- Correspondence: (G.-I.V.); (F.M.)
| | - Levan Tchabashvili
- Breast Unit, Department of General Surgery, General University Hospital of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece
| | | | - Francesk Mulita
- Breast Unit, Department of General Surgery, General University Hospital of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece
- Correspondence: (G.-I.V.); (F.M.)
| | - Maria-Ioanna Argentou
- Breast Unit, Department of General Surgery, General University Hospital of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece
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10
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Weber F, Schueler-Toprak S, Buechler C, Ortmann O, Treeck O. Chemerin and Chemokine-like Receptor 1 Expression in Ovarian Cancer Associates with Proteins Involved in Estrogen Signaling. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13050944. [PMID: 36900088 PMCID: PMC10001027 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13050944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemerin, a pleiotropic adipokine coded by the RARRES2 gene, has been reported to affect the pathophysiology of various cancer entities. To further approach the role of this adipokine in ovarian cancer (OC), intratumoral protein levels of chemerin and its receptor chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) were examined by immunohistochemistry analyzing tissue microarrays with tumor samples from 208 OC patients. Since chemerin has been reported to affect the female reproductive system, associations with proteins involved in steroid hormone signaling were analyzed. Additionally, correlations with ovarian cancer markers, cancer-related proteins, and survival of OC patients were examined. A positive correlation of chemerin and CMKLR1 protein levels in OC (Spearman's rho = 0.6, p < 0.0001) was observed. Chemerin staining intensity was strongly associated with the expression of progesterone receptor (PR) (Spearman´s rho = 0.79, p < 0.0001). Both chemerin and CMKLR1 proteins positively correlated with estrogen receptor β (ERβ) and estrogen-related receptors. Neither chemerin nor the CMKLR1 protein level was associated with the survival of OC patients. At the mRNA level, in silico analysis revealed low RARRES2 and high CMKLR1 expression associated with longer overall survival. The results of our correlation analyses suggested the previously reported interaction of chemerin and estrogen signaling to be present in OC tissue. Further studies are needed to elucidate to which extent this interaction might affect OC development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Weber
- Institute for Pathology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Susanne Schueler-Toprak
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christa Buechler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Olaf Ortmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Treeck
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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11
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Kwiecien K, Majewski P, Bak M, Brzoza P, Godlewska U, Skulimowska I, Cichy J, Kwitniewski M. Alternative splicing is not a key source of chemerin isoforms diversity. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:2521-2529. [PMID: 36609751 PMCID: PMC10011272 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08174-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemerin is a chemoattractant protein with adipokine and antimicrobial properties encoded by the retinoic acid receptor responder 2 (RARRES2) gene. Chemerin bioactivity largely depends on carboxyl-terminal proteolytic processing that generates chemerin isoforms with different chemotactic, regulatory, and antimicrobial potentials. While these mechanisms are relatively well known, the role of alternative splicing in generating isoform diversity remains obscure. METHODS AND RESULTS Using rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) PCR, we determined RARRES2 transcript variants present in mouse and human tissues and identified novel transcript variant 4 of mouse Rarres2 encoding mChem153K. Moreover, analyses of real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and publicly-available next-generation RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) datasets showed that different alternatively spliced variants of mouse Rarres2 are present in mouse tissues and their expression patterns were unaffected by inflammatory and infectious stimuli except brown adipose tissue. However, only one transcript variant of human RARRES2 was present in liver and adipose tissue. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate a limited role for alternative splicing in generating chemerin isoform diversity under all tested conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Kwiecien
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Pawel Majewski
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Maciej Bak
- Department of Mathematics, City, University of London, EC1V 0HB, London, United Kingdom
| | - Piotr Brzoza
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Urszula Godlewska
- Laboratory of Host-Microbiota Interactions, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Izabella Skulimowska
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Cichy
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Mateusz Kwitniewski
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387, Krakow, Poland.
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12
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An C, Pipia I, Ruiz AS, Argüelles I, An M, Wase S, Peng G. The molecular link between obesity and genomic instability in cancer development. Cancer Lett 2023; 555:216035. [PMID: 36502927 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.216035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Obesity has been known to be a major risk factor for various types of cancers for several decades. More recently, the relationship between dysregulated adipokines and cancer development has been the focus of much research. Adipose tissue is an important endocrine organ that secretes adipokines that affect both autocrine and paracrine signaling. These adipokines modulate inflammation, induce insulin resistance, and regulate their own behavior and production. Adipokine-production dysregulation is due to physiological changes in adipose tissue that prompt molecular modifications, including low-grade inflammation and the stimulatory production of reactive oxygen species. Additionally, studies have linked DNA damage response, genomic instability, and the innate immune response to tumorigenesis. Further investigation of adipokines and their role in the promotion of genomic instability may clarify the link between obesity and cancer, as well as elucidate potential pharmaceutical targets. In this review, we discuss the progress of recent literature, focusing on the impact of adipokines, genomic instability, and the innate immune response on increasing the risk of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens An
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; The Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
| | - Ilissa Pipia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Ana-Sofia Ruiz
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ivonne Argüelles
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Martino An
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Saima Wase
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina Medical Center, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Guang Peng
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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13
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Macvanin MT, Rizzo M, Radovanovic J, Sonmez A, Paneni F, Isenovic ER. Role of Chemerin in Cardiovascular Diseases. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10112970. [PMID: 36428537 PMCID: PMC9687862 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Obesity is closely connected to the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Excess fat accumulation is associated with metabolic malfunctions that disrupt cardiovascular homeostasis by activating inflammatory processes that recruit immune cells to the site of injury and reduce nitric oxide levels, resulting in increased blood pressure, endothelial cell migration, proliferation, and apoptosis. Adipose tissue produces adipokines, such as chemerin, that may alter immune responses, lipid metabolism, vascular homeostasis, and angiogenesis. (2) Methods: We performed PubMed and MEDLINE searches for articles with English abstracts published between 1997 (when the first report on chemerin identification was published) and 2022. The search retrieved original peer-reviewed articles analyzed in the context of the role of chemerin in CVDs, explicitly focusing on the most recent findings published in the past five years. (3) Results: This review summarizes up-to-date findings related to mechanisms of chemerin action, its role in the development and progression of CVDs, and novel strategies for developing chemerin-targeting therapeutic agents for treating CVDs. (4) Conclusions: Extensive evidence points to chemerin's role in vascular inflammation, angiogenesis, and blood pressure modulation, which opens up exciting perspectives for developing chemerin-targeting therapeutic agents for the treatment of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana T. Macvanin
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMIS), Università degli Studi di Palermo (UNIPA), 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Jelena Radovanovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Alper Sonmez
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Gulhane School of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara 34668, Turkey
| | - Francesco Paneni
- University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology (CTEC), Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
| | - Esma R. Isenovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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14
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Xie H, Yan T, Lu X, Du Y, Xu S, Kong Y, Yu L, Sun J, Zhou L, Ma J. GLDC mitigated by miR-30e regulates cell proliferation and tumor immune infiltration in TNBC. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1033367. [PMID: 36275705 PMCID: PMC9585280 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1033367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background TNBC, whose clinical prognosis is poorer than other subgroups of breast cancer, is a malignant tumor characterized by lack of estrogen receptors, progesterone hormone receptors, and HER2 overexpression. Due to the lack of specific targeted drugs, it is crucial to identify critical factors involved in regulating the progression of TNBC. Methods We analyzed the expression profiles of TNBC in TCGA and the prognoses values of GLDC. Correlations of GLDC and tumor immune infiltration were also identified. CCK8 and BrdU incorporation assays were utilized to determine cell proliferation. The mRNA and protein levels were examined by using Real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. Results In the present study, we analyzed the mRNA expression profiles of TNBC in TCGA and found that GLDC, a key enzyme in glycine cleavage system, was significantly up-regulated in TNBC tissues and higher expression of GLDC was correlated with a worse prognosis in TNBC. Moreover, the expression of GLDC was negatively correlated with macrophage and monocyte and positively correlated with activated CD4 T cell and type 2 T helper cell in TNBC. Overexpression of GLDC facilitated the proliferation of TNBC cells, whereas GLDC knockdown had the opposite effects. Additionally, miR-30e acts as a functional upstream regulator of GLDC and the inhibitory effects of miR-30e on cell proliferation were mitigated by the reintroduction of GLDC. Conclusions These results imply that miR-30e-depressed GLDC acts as a tumor suppressive pathway in TNBC and provides potential targets for the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaying Xie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Yan
- Department of Breast Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinxin Lu
- Department of Oncology, Ganzhou Women and Children’s Health Care Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yueyao Du
- Department of Breast Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuguang Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Kong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangjie Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jun Ma, ; Liheng Zhou, ; Jian Sun,
| | - Liheng Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jun Ma, ; Liheng Zhou, ; Jian Sun,
| | - Jun Ma
- Eye Institute, Eye & Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jun Ma, ; Liheng Zhou, ; Jian Sun,
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15
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Wu Y, Li X, Li Q, Cheng C, Zheng L. Adipose tissue-to-breast cancer crosstalk: Comprehensive insights. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188800. [PMID: 36103907 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The review focuses on mechanistic evidence for the link between obesity and breast cancer. According to the IARC study, there is sufficient evidence that obesity is closely related to a variety of cancers. Among them, breast cancer is particularly disturbed by adipose tissue due to the unique histological structure of the breast. The review introduces the relationship between obesity and breast cancer from two aspects, including factors that promote tumorigenesis or metastasis. We summarize alterations in adipokines and metabolic pathways that contribute to breast cancer development. Breast cancer metastasis is closely related to obesity-induced pro-inflammatory microenvironment, adipose stem cells, and miRNAs. Based on the mechanism by which obesity causes breast cancer, we list possible therapeutic directions, including reducing the risk of breast cancer and inhibiting the progression of breast cancer. We also discussed the risk of autologous breast remodeling and fat transplantation. Finally, the causes of the obesity paradox and the function of enhancing immunity are discussed. Evaluating the balance between obesity-induced inflammation and enhanced immunity warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xu Li
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Qiong Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Chienshan Cheng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Lan Zheng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai 200025, China.
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16
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Papakonstantinou E, Piperigkou Z, Karamanos NK, Zolota V. Altered Adipokine Expression in Tumor Microenvironment Promotes Development of Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4139. [PMID: 36077676 PMCID: PMC9454958 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a remarkably important factor for breast carcinogenesis and aggressiveness. The implication of increased BMI in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) development is also well established. A malignancy-promoting role of the adipose tissue has been supposed, where the adipocytes that constitute the majority of stromal cells release pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors. Alterations in adipokines and their receptors play significant roles in breast cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, and drug response. Classic adipokines, such as leptin, adiponectin, and resistin, have been extensively studied in breast cancer and connected with breast cancer risk and progression. Notably, new molecules are constantly being discovered and the list is continuously growing. Additionally, substantial progress has been made concerning their differential expression in association with clinical and pathological parameters of tumors and the prognostic and predictive value of their dysregulation in breast cancer carcinogenesis. However, evidence regarding the mechanisms by which adipose tissue is involved in the development of TNBC is lacking. In the present article we comment on current data on the suggested involvement of these mediators in breast cancer development and progression, with particular emphasis on TNBC, to draw attention to the design of novel targeted therapies and biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthymia Papakonstantinou
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece or
| | - Zoi Piperigkou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis and Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Nikos K. Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis and Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Zolota
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
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17
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Anti-Tumoral Effect of Chemerin on Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines Mediated by Activation of Interferon Alpha Response. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174108. [PMID: 36077645 PMCID: PMC9454566 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Chemerin is a multifunctional protein with an important role in the immune system. Recent evidence showed that chemerin also regulates the development of cancer. Ovarian cancer is a common type of tumor in women. In this study, we observed that chemerin decreases the growth of ovarian cancer cell lines in vitro when cultivated in standard cell culture or in globular multicellular aggregates. When we examined the mechanisms involved in this process, we found that treatment of ovarian cancer cells with chemerin led to the activation of genes that are known to mediate the effects of interferon alpha (IFNα). The main effect of IFNα is to defend body cells against viral infections, but it is also able to defeat cancer cells. We observed that this activation of IFNα response by chemerin resulted from the increased production of IFNα protein in ovarian cancer cells, which then reduced cancer cells numbers. However, it remains to be investigated how exactly chemerin might be able to activate interferon alpha and its anti-tumoral actions. Abstract The pleiotropic adipokine chemerin affects tumor growth primarily as anti-tumoral chemoattractant inducing immunocyte recruitment. However, little is known about its effect on ovarian adenocarcinoma. In this study, we examined chemerin actions on ovarian cancer cell lines in vitro and intended to elucidate involved cell signaling mechanisms. Employing three ovarian cancer cell lines, we observed differentially pronounced effects of this adipokine. Treatment with chemerin (huChem-157) significantly reduced OVCAR-3 cell numbers (by 40.8% on day 6) and decreased the colony and spheroid growth of these cells by half. The spheroid size of SK-OV-3 ovarian cancer cells was also significantly reduced upon treatment. Transcriptome analyses of chemerin-treated cells revealed the most notably induced genes to be interferon alpha (IFNα)-response genes like IFI27, OAS1 and IFIT1 and their upstream regulator IRF9 in all cell lines tested. Finally, we found this adipokine to elevate IFNα levels about fourfold in culture medium of the employed cell lines. In conclusion, our data for the first time demonstrate IFNα as a mediator of chemerin action in vitro. The observed anti-tumoral effect of chemerin on ovarian cancer cells in vitro was mediated by the notable activation of IFNα response genes, resulting from the chemerin-triggered increase of secreted levels of this cytokine.
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18
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Yu M, Yang Y, Huang C, Ge L, Xue L, Xiao Z, Xiao T, Zhao H, Ren P, Zhang JV. Chemerin: A Functional Adipokine in Reproductive Health and Diseases. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081910. [PMID: 36009457 PMCID: PMC9406010 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
As a multifaceted adipokine, chemerin has been found to perform functions vital for immunity, adiposity, and metabolism through its three known receptors (chemokine-like receptor 1, CMKLR1; G-protein-coupled receptor 1, GPR1; C-C motif chemokine receptor-like 2, CCRL2). Chemerin and the cognate receptors are also expressed in the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, testis, ovary, and placenta. Accumulating studies suggest that chemerin participates in normal reproduction and underlies the pathological mechanisms of certain reproductive system diseases, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), preeclampsia, and breast cancer. Herein, we present a comprehensive review of the roles of the chemerin system in multiple reproductive processes and human reproductive diseases, with a brief discussion and perspectives on future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yu
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yali Yang
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen College of Advanced Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lei Ge
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen College of Advanced Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Li Xue
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen College of Advanced Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhonglin Xiao
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tianxia Xiao
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Huashan Zhao
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Peigen Ren
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jian V. Zhang
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Correspondence:
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19
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Yu H, Tang D, Wu H, Li C, Lu Y, He F, Zhang X, Yang Y, Shi W, Hu W, Zeng Z, Dai W, Ou M, Dai Y. Integrated single-cell analyses decode the developmental landscape of the human fetal spine. iScience 2022; 25:104679. [PMID: 35832888 PMCID: PMC9272381 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The spine has essential roles in supporting body weight, and passaging the neural elements between the body and the brain. In this study, we used integrated single-cell RNA sequencing and single-cell transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing analyses to reveal the cellular heterogeneity, lineage, and transcriptional regulatory network of the developing human spine. We found that EPYC + HAPLN1+ fibroblasts with stem cell characteristics could differentiate into chondrocytes by highly expressing the chondrogenic markers SOX9 and MATN4. Neurons could originate from neuroendocrine cells, and MEIS2 may be an essential transcription factor that promotes spinal neural progenitor cells to selectively differentiate into neurons during early gestation. Furthermore, the interaction of NRP2_SEMA3C and CD74_APP between macrophages and neurons may be essential for spinal cord development. Our integrated map provides a blueprint for understanding human spine development in the early and midgestational stages at single-cell resolution and offers a tool for investigating related diseases. scRNA-seq and scATAC-seq analyses reveal the developmental landscape of the fetal spine Chondrocytes may originate from EPYC + HAPLN1+ fibroblasts with stem cell characteristics Neurons may originate from neuroendocrine cells with regulation by MEIS2
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Yu
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Pingshan District People's Hospital, Pingshan General Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518118, P.R. China
| | - Donge Tang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Wu
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, P.R. China
| | - Chunhong Li
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, P.R. China
| | - Yongping Lu
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, P.R. China.,Institute of Nephrology and Blood Purification, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Fang He
- Singleron Biotechnologies, Yaogu Avenue 11, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaogang Zhang
- Singleron Biotechnologies, Yaogu Avenue 11, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yane Yang
- Shenzhen Far East Women & Children Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, P.R. China
| | - Wenlong Hu
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, P.R. China
| | - Zhipeng Zeng
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, P.R. China
| | - Weier Dai
- College of Natural Science, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78721, USA
| | - Minglin Ou
- Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, No. 212, Renmin Road, Lingui District, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Yong Dai
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, P.R. China
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20
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Wu J, Shen S, Liu T, Ren X, Zhu C, Liang Q, Cui X, Chen L, Cheng P, Cheng W, Wu A. Chemerin enhances mesenchymal features of glioblastoma by establishing autocrine and paracrine networks in a CMKLR1-dependent manner. Oncogene 2022; 41:3024-3036. [PMID: 35459783 PMCID: PMC9122825 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02295-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) with mesenchymal features exhibits enhanced chemotherapeutic resistance and results in reduced overall survival. Recent studies have suggested that there is a positive correlation between the GBM mesenchymal status and immune cell infiltration. However, the mechanisms by which GBM acquires its mesenchymal features in a tumor immune microenvironment-dependent manner remains unknown. Here, we uncovered a chemerin-mediated autocrine and paracrine network by which the mesenchymal phenotype of GBM cells is strengthened. We identified chemerin as a prognostic secretory protein mediating the mesenchymal phenotype-promoting network between tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and tumor cells in GBM. Mechanistically, chemerin promoted the mesenchymal features of GBM by suppressing the ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation of CMKLR1, a chemerin receptor predominantly expressed on TAMs and partially expressed on GBM cells, thereby enhancing NF-κB pathway activation. Moreover, chemerin was found to be involved in the recruitment of TAMs in the GBM tumor microenvironment. We revealed that chemerin also enhances the mesenchymal phenotype-promoting ability of TAMs and promotes their M2 polarization via a CMKLR1/NF-κB axis, which further exacerbates the mesenchymal features of GBM. Blocking the chemerin/CMKLR1 axis with 2-(α-naphthoyl) ethyltrimethylammonium iodide disrupted the mesenchymal network and suppressed tumor growth in GBM. These results suggest the therapeutic potential of targeting the chemerin/CMKLR1 axis to block the mesenchymal network in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqi Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuai Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tianqi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiufang Ren
- Departement of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chen Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qingyu Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiao Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army of China (PLA) General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Institute of Neurosurgery of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wen Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Anhua Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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21
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Peng L, Chen Y, Li Y, Feng P, Zheng Y, Dong Y, Yang Y, Wang R, Li A, Yan J, Shang F, Tang P, Chen D, Gao Y, Huang W. Chemerin Regulates the Proliferation and Migration of Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells via the ERK1/2 Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:767705. [PMID: 35370637 PMCID: PMC8971604 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.767705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is an incurable disease with high mortality. Chemerin has been found to be associated with pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, the specific role of chemerin in mediating PH development remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the regulatory effects and the underlying mechanism of chemerin on PH and to investigate the expression levels of chemerin protein in plasma in PAH patients. In vivo, two animal models of PH were established in rats by monocrotaline (MCT) injection and hypoxia. We found that the expression levels of chemerin and its receptor, chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1), were significantly upregulated in the lungs of PH rats. Primary cultured pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells [(PASMCs) (isolated from pulmonary arteries of normal healthy rats)] were exposed to hypoxia or treated with recombinant human chemerin, we found that CMKLR1 expression was upregulated in PASMCs in response to hypoxia or chemerin stimulation, whereas the exogenous chemerin significantly promoted the migration and proliferation of PASMCs. Notably, the regulatory effects of chemerin on PASMCs were blunted by PD98059 (a selective ERK1/2 inhibitor). Using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we found that the protein level of chemerin was also markedly increased in plasma from idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) patients compared to that from healthy controls. Moreover, the diagnostic value of chemerin expression in IPAH patients was determined through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and the result revealed that area under ROC curve (AUC) for plasma chemerin was 0.949. Taken together, these results suggest that chemerin exacerbates PH progression by promoting the proliferation and migration of PASMCs via the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, and chemerin is associated with pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linqian Peng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunwei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Panpan Feng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongjie Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunjing Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruiyu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ailing Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianghong Yan
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Feifei Shang
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dewei Chen
- Institute of Medicine and Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuqi Gao
- Institute of Medicine and Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Huang,
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22
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Duarte-Sanmiguel S, Panic A, Dodd DJ, Salazar-Puerta A, Moore JT, Lawrence WR, Nairon K, Francis C, Zachariah N, McCoy W, Turaga R, Skardal A, Carson WE, Higuita-Castro N, Gallego-Perez D. In Situ Deployment of Engineered Extracellular Vesicles into the Tumor Niche via Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2101619. [PMID: 34662497 PMCID: PMC8891033 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a promising carrier system for the delivery of therapeutic payloads in multiple disease models, including cancer. However, effective targeting of EVs to cancerous tissue remains a challenge. Here, it is shown that nonviral transfection of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) can be leveraged to drive targeted release of engineered EVs that can modulate transfer and overexpression of therapeutic anticancer genes in tumor cells and tissue. MDSCs are immature immune cells that exhibit enhanced tropism toward tumor tissue and play a role in modulating tumor progression. Current MDSC research has been mostly focused on mitigating immunosuppression in the tumor niche; however, the tumor homing abilities of these cells present untapped potential to deliver EV therapeutics directly to cancerous tissue. In vivo and ex vivo studies with murine models of breast cancer show that nonviral transfection of MDSCs does not hinder their ability to home to cancerous tissue. Moreover, transfected MDSCs can release engineered EVs and mediate antitumoral responses via paracrine signaling, including decreased invasion/metastatic activity and increased apoptosis/necrosis. Altogether, these findings indicate that MDSCs can be a powerful tool for the deployment of EV-based therapeutics to tumor tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Panic
- The Ohio State University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Daniel J. Dodd
- The Ohio State University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbus, OH 43210,The Ohio State University, Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Ana Salazar-Puerta
- The Ohio State University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Jordan T. Moore
- The Ohio State University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - William R. Lawrence
- The Ohio State University, Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Kylie Nairon
- The Ohio State University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Carlie Francis
- The Ohio State University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Natalie Zachariah
- The Ohio State University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - William McCoy
- The Ohio State University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Rithvik Turaga
- The Ohio State University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Aleksander Skardal
- The Ohio State University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - William E. Carson
- The Ohio State University, Department of Surgery, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Natalia Higuita-Castro
- The Ohio State University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbus, OH 43210,The Ohio State University, Department of Surgery, Columbus, OH 43210,The Ohio State University, Biophysics Program, OH 43210,To whom correspondence should be addressed: ,
| | - Daniel Gallego-Perez
- The Ohio State University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbus, OH 43210,The Ohio State University, Department of Surgery, Columbus, OH 43210,To whom correspondence should be addressed: ,
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23
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Teufelsbauer M, Lang C, Plangger A, Rath B, Moser D, Staud C, Radtke C, Neumayer C, Hamilton G. Effects of metformin on human bone-derived mesenchymal stromal cell-breast cancer cell line interactions. Med Oncol 2022; 39:54. [PMID: 35150338 PMCID: PMC8840908 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01655-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Metformin is used to treat patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and was found to lower the incidence of cancer. Bone metastasis is a common impairment associated with advanced breast cancer. The present study investigated the effects of metformin on human bone-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSC)—breast cancer cell line interactions. BM-MSCs grown from box chisels were tested for growth-stimulating and migration-controlling activity on four breast cancer cell lines either untreated or after pretreatment with metformin. Growth stimulation was tested in MTT tests and migration in scratch assays. Furthermore, the expression of adipokines of BM-MSCs in response to metformin was assessed using Western blot arrays. Compared to breast cancer cell lines (3.6 ± 1.4% reduction of proliferation), 500 µM metformin significantly inhibited the proliferation of BM-MSC lines (mean 12.3 ± 2.2 reduction). Pretreatment of BM-MSCs with metformin showed variable effects of the resulting conditioned media (CM) on breast cancer cell lines depending on the specific BM-MSC—cancer line combination. Metformin significantly reduced the migration of breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-436 in response to CM of drug-pretreated BM-MSCs. Assessment of metformin-induced alterations in the expression of adipokines by BM-MSC CM indicated increased osteogenic signaling and possibly impairment of metastasis. In conclusion, the anticancer activities of metformin are the result of a range of direct and indirect mechanisms that lower tumor proliferation and progression. A lower metformin-induced protumor activity of BM-MSCs in the bone microenvironment seem to contribute to the positive effects of the drug in selected breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryana Teufelsbauer
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Clemens Lang
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Sozialmedizinisches Zentrum Ost, Donauspital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Adelina Plangger
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Rath
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Doris Moser
- Department of Cranio, Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Clement Staud
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Radtke
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Neumayer
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard Hamilton
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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24
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Fischer TF, Beck-Sickinger AG. Chemerin - exploring a versatile adipokine. Biol Chem 2022; 403:625-642. [PMID: 35040613 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chemerin is a small chemotactic protein and a key player in initiating the early immune response. As an adipokine, chemerin is also involved in energy homeostasis and the regulation of reproductive functions. Secreted as inactive prochemerin, it relies on proteolytic activation by serine proteases to exert biological activity. Chemerin binds to three distinct G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), namely chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1, recently named chemerin1), G protein-coupled receptor 1 (GPR1, recently named chemerin2), and CC-motif chemokine receptor-like 2 (CCRL2). Only CMKLR1 displays conventional G protein signaling, while GPR1 only recruits arrestin in response to ligand stimulation, and no CCRL2-mediated signaling events have been described to date. However, GPR1 undergoes constitutive endocytosis, making this receptor perfectly adapted as decoy receptor. Here, we discuss expression pattern, activation, and receptor binding of chemerin. Moreover, we review the current literature regarding the involvement of chemerin in cancer and several obesity-related diseases, as well as recent developments in therapeutic targeting of the chemerin system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias F Fischer
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Brüderstraße 34, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
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25
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A Chemerin Peptide Analog Stimulates Tumor Growth in Two Xenograft Mouse Models of Human Colorectal Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010125. [PMID: 35008289 PMCID: PMC8750290 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The chemoattractant adipokine chemerin has been found to be elevated in several types of cancer, including colorectal carcinoma. The functional role of chemerin in colorectal carcinoma, however, has not been elucidated to date. This study analyses the impact of the chemerin analog CG34 on proliferation, colony formation, and migration in the human colorectal cancer cell lines HCT116, HT29 and SW620. In addition, the effect of systemic CG34 treatment is investigated in two xenograft mouse models of colorectal cancer (HCT116-luc and HT29-luc). The results of this study suggest there is a stimulatory role of chemerin receptor activation on the growth of colorectal carcinoma. Abstract Background: Chemerin plasma concentration has been reported to be positively correlated with the risk of colorectal cancer. However, the potential regulation of CRC tumorigenesis and progression has not yet been investigated in an experimental setting. This study addresses this hypothesis by investigating proliferation, colony formation, and migration of CRC cell lines in vitro as well as in animal models. Methods: In vitro, microscopic assays to study proliferation, as well as a scratch-wound assay for migration monitoring, were applied using the human CRC cell lines HCT116, HT29, and SW620 under the influence of the chemerin analog CG34. The animal study investigated HCT116-luc and HT29-luc subcutaneous tumor size and bioluminescence during treatment with CG34 versus control, followed by an ex-vivo analysis of vessel density and mitotic activity. Results: While the proliferation of the three CRC cell lines in monolayers was not clearly stimulated by CG34, the chemerin analog promoted colony formation in three-dimensional aggregates. An effect on cell migration was not observed. In the treatment study, CG34 significantly stimulated both growth and bioluminescence signals of HCT116-luc and HT29-luc xenografts. Conclusions: The results of this study represent the first indication of a tumor growth-stimulating effect of chemerin signaling in CRC.
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26
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Umar MI, Hassan W, Murtaza G, Buabeid M, Arafa E, Irfan HM, Asmawi MZ, Huang X. The Adipokine Component in the Molecular Regulation of Cancer Cell Survival, Proliferation and Metastasis. Pathol Oncol Res 2021; 27:1609828. [PMID: 34588926 PMCID: PMC8473628 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2021.1609828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A hormonal imbalance may disrupt the rigorously monitored cellular microenvironment by hampering the natural homeostatic mechanisms. The most common example of such hormonal glitch could be seen in obesity where the uprise in adipokine levels is in virtue of the expanding bulk of adipose tissue. Such aberrant endocrine signaling disrupts the regulation of cellular fate, rendering the cells to live in a tumor supportive microenvironment. Previously, it was believed that the adipokines support cancer proliferation and metastasis with no direct involvement in neoplastic transformations and tumorigenesis. However, the recent studies have reported discrete mechanisms that establish the direct involvement of adipokine signaling in tumorigenesis. Moreover, the individual adipokine profile of the patients has never been considered in the prognosis and staging of the disease. Hence, the present manuscript has focused on the reported extensive mechanisms that culminate the basis of poor prognosis and diminished survival rate in obese cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Waseem Hassan
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Manal Buabeid
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.,Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research Centre, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Elshaimaa Arafa
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.,Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research Centre, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Mohd Zaini Asmawi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Xianju Huang
- College of Pharmacy, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
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27
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Plangger A, Haslik W, Rath B, Neumayer C, Hamilton G. Interactions of BRCA1-mutated Breast Cancer Cell Lines with Adipose-derived Stromal Cells (ADSCs). J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2021; 26:235-245. [PMID: 34228231 PMCID: PMC8566642 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-021-09493-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipofilling may constitute a technique to assist reconstruction of breasts following prophylactic mastectomy for patients with mutated BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes. However, to date it is not clear whether adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) increase the risk of tumor initiation and progression in this situation. Therefore, the interactions of BRCA1 mutated breast cancer cell lines with normal ADSCs were investigated in the present study. Characteristics of MDA-MB-436 (BRCA1 c.5277 + 1G > A) and HCC1937 (BRCA1 p.Gln1756.Profs*74) were compared to MDA-MB-231 and T47D BRCA1/2 wild-type breast cancer cell lines. ADSCs were cultivated from lipoaspirates of a panel of BRCA1/2- wildtype patients. Interactions of conditioned medium (CM) of these cells with the breast cancer lines were studied using proliferation and migration assays as well as adipokine expression western blot arrays. CM of ADSCs exhibit a dose-dependent stimulation of the proliferation of the breast cancer cell lines. However, of the ADSC preparations tested, only 1 out of 18 samples showed a significant higher stimulation of BRCA1-mutated MDA-MB-436 versus wildtype MDA-MB-231 cells, and all CM revealed lower stimulatory activity for BRCA1-mutated HCC1937 versus wildtype T47D cells. Additionally, migration of breast cancer cells in response to CM of ADSCs proved to be equivalent or slower for BRCA1/2 mutated versus nonmutated cancer cells and, with exception of angiopoietin-like 2, induced expression of adipokines showed no major difference. Effects of media conditioned by normal ADSCs showed largely comparable effects on BRCA1-mutated and wildtype breast cancer cell lines thus advocating lipofilling, preferentially employing allogeneic non-mutated ADSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelina Plangger
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Werner Haslik
- Department for General Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Rath
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Neumayer
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard Hamilton
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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28
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Fischer TF, Czerniak AS, Weiß T, Zellmann T, Zielke L, Els-Heindl S, Beck-Sickinger AG. Cyclic Derivatives of the Chemerin C-Terminus as Metabolically Stable Agonists at the Chemokine-like Receptor 1 for Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153788. [PMID: 34359687 PMCID: PMC8345219 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemerin is a small chemotactic protein and a modulator of the innate immune system. Its activity is mainly mediated by the chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1), a receptor expressed by natural killer cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages. Downregulation of chemerin is part of the immune evasion strategy exploited by several cancer types, including melanoma, breast cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Administration of chemerin can potentially counteract these effects, but synthetically accessible, metabolically stable analogs are required. Other tumors display overexpression of CMKLR1, offering a potential entry point for targeted delivery of chemotherapeutics. Here, we present cyclic derivatives of the chemerin C-terminus (chemerin-9), the minimal activation sequence of chemerin. Chemerin-9 derivatives that were cyclized through positions four and nine retained activity while displaying full stability in blood plasma for more than 24 h. Therefore, these peptides could be used as a drug shuttle system to target cancer cells as demonstrated here by methotrexate conjugates.
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29
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Fang H, Cavaliere A, Li Z, Huang Y, Marquez-Nostra B. Preclinical Advances in Theranostics for the Different Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:627693. [PMID: 33986665 PMCID: PMC8111013 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.627693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. The heterogeneity of breast cancer and drug resistance to therapies make the diagnosis and treatment difficult. Molecular imaging methods with positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission tomography (SPECT) provide useful tools to diagnose, predict, and monitor the response of therapy, contributing to precision medicine for breast cancer patients. Recently, many efforts have been made to find new targets for breast cancer therapy to overcome resistance to standard of care treatments, giving rise to new therapeutic agents to offer more options for patients with breast cancer. The combination of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies forms the foundation of theranostics. Some of these theranostic agents exhibit high potential to be translated to clinic. In this review, we highlight the most recent advances in theranostics of the different molecular subtypes of breast cancer in preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyi Fang
- PET Center, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Alessandra Cavaliere
- PET Center, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Ziqi Li
- PET Center, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiyun Huang
- PET Center, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Bernadette Marquez-Nostra
- PET Center, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
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30
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Tan SK, Mahmud I, Fontanesi F, Puchowicz M, Neumann CKA, Griswold AJ, Patel R, Dispagna M, Ahmed HH, Gonzalgo ML, Brown JM, Garrett TJ, Welford SM. Obesity-Dependent Adipokine Chemerin Suppresses Fatty Acid Oxidation to Confer Ferroptosis Resistance. Cancer Discov 2021; 11:2072-2093. [PMID: 33757970 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-20-1453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is characterized by accumulation of neutral lipids and adipogenic transdifferentiation. We assessed adipokine expression in ccRCC and found that tumor tissues and patient plasma exhibit obesity-dependent elevations of the adipokine chemerin. Attenuation of chemerin by several approaches led to significant reduction in lipid deposition and impairment of tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo. A multi-omics approach revealed that chemerin suppresses fatty acid oxidation, preventing ferroptosis, and maintains fatty acid levels that activate hypoxia-inducible factor 2α expression. The lipid coenzyme Q and mitochondrial complex IV, whose biogeneses are lipid-dependent, were found to be decreased after chemerin inhibition, contributing to lipid reactive oxygen species production. Monoclonal antibody targeting chemerin led to reduced lipid storage and diminished tumor growth, demonstrating translational potential of chemerin inhibition. Collectively, the results suggest that obesity and tumor cells contribute to ccRCC through the expression of chemerin, which is indispensable in ccRCC biology. SIGNIFICANCE: Identification of a hypoxia-inducible factor-dependent adipokine that prevents fatty acid oxidation and causes escape from ferroptosis highlights a critical metabolic dependency unique in the clear cell subtype of kidney cancer. Targeting lipid metabolism via inhibition of a soluble factor is a promising pharmacologic approach to expand therapeutic strategies for patients with ccRCC.See related commentary by Reznik et al., p. 1879.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1861.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sze Kiat Tan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Sheila and David Fuente Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Iqbal Mahmud
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, UF Health, UF Health Cancer Center, Southeast Center for Integrated Metabolomics, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Flavia Fontanesi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Michelle Puchowicz
- Department of Pediatrics, Metabolic Phenotyping Core, Pediatric Obesity Program, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Chase K A Neumann
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Anthony J Griswold
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Rutulkumar Patel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Marco Dispagna
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Hamzah H Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, UF Health, UF Health Cancer Center, Southeast Center for Integrated Metabolomics, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.,Diagnostic Radiology Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mark L Gonzalgo
- Department of Urology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - J Mark Brown
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Timothy J Garrett
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, UF Health, UF Health Cancer Center, Southeast Center for Integrated Metabolomics, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Scott M Welford
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.
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Perego S, Sansoni V, Ziemann E, Lombardi G. Another Weapon against Cancer and Metastasis: Physical-Activity-Dependent Effects on Adiposity and Adipokines. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042005. [PMID: 33670492 PMCID: PMC7922129 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Physically active behavior has been associated with a reduced risk of developing certain types of cancer and improved psychological conditions for patients by reducing anxiety and depression, in turn improving the quality of life of cancer patients. On the other hand, the correlations between inactivity, sedentary behavior, and overweight and obesity with the risk of development and progression of various cancers are well studied, mainly in middle-aged and elderly subjects. In this article, we have revised the evidence on the effects of physical activity on the expression and release of the adipose-tissue-derived mediators of low-grade chronic inflammation, i.e., adipokines, as well as the adipokine-mediated impacts of physical activity on tumor development, growth, and metastasis. Importantly, exercise training may be effective in mitigating the side effects related to anti-cancer treatment, thereby underlining the importance of encouraging cancer patients to engage in moderate-intensity activities. However, the strong need to customize and adapt exercises to a patient’s abilities is apparent. Besides the preventive effects of physically active behavior against the adipokine-stimulated cancer risk, it remains poorly understood how physical activity, through its actions as an adipokine, can actually influence the onset and development of metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Perego
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Milano, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milan, Italy; (S.P.); or
| | - Veronica Sansoni
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Milano, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milan, Italy; (S.P.); or
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0266214068
| | - Ewa Ziemann
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland; or
| | - Giovanni Lombardi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Milano, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milan, Italy; (S.P.); or
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland; or
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Abstract
Natural killer cells are powerful effectors of innate immunity that constitute a first line of defense against cancer. NK cells express an array of germline-encoded receptors which allow them to eliminate transformed cells and spare normal, healthy cells. Owing to their ability to kill circulating tumor cells, NK cells play a major role in the protection against cancer metastases. There is also convincing evidence that NK cells protect against some hematological cancers such as acute myeloid leukemia. However, the importance of NK cells for the control of established solid tumors is rather uncertain. Several mechanisms impede NK cell-mediated elimination of solid tumors, starting with the incapacity of NK cells to infiltrate the core of the tumor. In addition, immune escape mechanisms are at play in both solid and hematological cancers. These include the immunoediting of tumor cells and aberrant chronic inflammation that renders NK cells ineffective. In this chapter, I review the phenotypic characteristics of NK cells within the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, I describe the mechanisms by which NK cells contribute to antitumor immunity. Finally, I review the different immune-evasion factors that impair NK cell activity against cancer.
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Feng Y, Liu S, Zha R, Sun X, Li K, Robling A, Li B, Yokota H. Mechanical Loading-Driven Tumor Suppression Is Mediated by Lrp5-Dependent and Independent Mechanisms. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020267. [PMID: 33450808 PMCID: PMC7828232 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Advanced breast cancer and prostate cancer metastasize to varying organs including the bone. We show here that mechanical loading to the knee suppresses tumor growth in the loaded bone and the non-loaded mammary pad. Although lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (Lrp5) in osteocytes is necessary to induce loading-driven bone formation, loading-driven tumor suppression is regulated by Lrp5-dependent and independent mechanisms. Lrp5 overexpression in osteocytes enhances tumor suppression, but without Lrp5 in osteocytes, mechanical loading elevates dopamine, chemerin, p53, and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and reduces cholesterol and nexin. Their systemic changes contribute to inhibiting tumors without Lrp5. Osteoclast development is also inhibited by the load-driven regulation of chemerin and nexin. Abstract Bone is mechanosensitive and lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (Lrp5)-mediated Wnt signaling promotes loading-driven bone formation. While mechanical loading can suppress tumor growth, the question is whether Lrp5 mediates loading-driven tumor suppression. Herein, we examined the effect of Lrp5 using osteocyte-specific Lrp5 conditional knockout mice. All mice presented noticeable loading-driven tumor suppression in the loaded tibia and non-loaded mammary pad. The degree of suppression was more significant in wild-type than knockout mice. In all male and female mice, knee loading reduced cholesterol and elevated dopamine. It reduced tumor-promoting nexin, which was elevated by cholesterol and reduced by dopamine. By contrast, it elevated p53, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), and chemerin, and they were regulated reversely by dopamine and cholesterol. Notably, Lrp5 overexpression in osteocytes enhanced tumor suppression, and osteoclast development was inhibited by chemerin. Collectively, this study identified Lrp5-dependent and independent mechanisms for tumor suppression. Lrp5 in osteocytes contributed to the loaded bone, while the Lrp5-independent regulation of dopamine- and cholesterol-induced systemic suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (X.S.); (K.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Shengzhi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Rongrong Zha
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (X.S.); (K.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Xun Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (X.S.); (K.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Kexin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (X.S.); (K.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Alexander Robling
- Department of Anatomy Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Baiyan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (X.S.); (K.L.)
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (H.Y.); Tel.: +86-451-8667-1354 (B.L.); +317-278-5177 (H.Y.); Fax: +86-451-8667-1354 (B.L.); +317-278-2455 (H.Y.)
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (X.S.); (K.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
- Department of Anatomy Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (H.Y.); Tel.: +86-451-8667-1354 (B.L.); +317-278-5177 (H.Y.); Fax: +86-451-8667-1354 (B.L.); +317-278-2455 (H.Y.)
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Riggan L, Shah S, O’Sullivan TE. Arrested development: suppression of NK cell function in the tumor microenvironment. Clin Transl Immunology 2021; 10:e1238. [PMID: 33456775 PMCID: PMC7797224 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic innate lymphocytes that protect against viral infection and tumor metastasis. Despite their inherent ability to kill a broad range of virally infected, stressed and transformed cells, low numbers of dysfunctional NK cells are often observed in many advanced solid human cancers. Here, we review the potential mechanisms that influence suboptimal mature NK cell recruitment and function in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of solid tumors. We further highlight current immunotherapy approaches aimed to circumvent NK cell dysfunction and discuss next-generation strategies to enhance adoptive NK cell therapy through targeting intrinsic and extrinsic checkpoints the regulate NK cell functionality in the TME. Understanding the mechanisms that drive NK cell dysfunction in the TME will lead to novel immunotherapeutic approaches in the fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Riggan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular GeneticsDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCAUSA
- Molecular Biology InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Siya Shah
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular GeneticsDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Timothy E O’Sullivan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular GeneticsDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCAUSA
- Molecular Biology InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
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A Screened GPR1 Peptide Exerts Antitumor Effects on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2020; 18:602-612. [PMID: 33005727 PMCID: PMC7508919 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The adipokine chemerin has been considered an important regulator of tumor immune surveillance. Chemerin recruits leukocytes through the receptor CMKLR1 to improve clinical outcomes of tumors and overall patient survival, but the role of GPR1 in tumors has not been widely investigated. Here, we found that GPR1 expression is elevated in breast cancer-especially triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) tissues and cell lines. Herein, we screened a phage display peptide library to identify LRH7-G5, a peptide antagonist that blocks chemerin/GPR1 signaling. This peptide performed as an anticancer agent to suppress the proliferation of the TNBC cell lines MDA-MB-231 and HCC1937 but has little effect on T47D cells. LRH7-G5 treatment significantly blocked tumor growth in a TNBC cell-bearing orthotopic mouse model. Last, our results showed that this peptide's antitumor role is mediated through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. In conclusion, these data collectively suggest that the chemerin receptor GPR1 is a novel target for controlling TNBC progression and establish peptide LRH7-G5 as a new therapeutic agent for suppressing TNBC tumor growth.
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36
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Kwiecien K, Brzoza P, Bak M, Majewski P, Skulimowska I, Bednarczyk K, Cichy J, Kwitniewski M. The methylation status of the chemerin promoter region located from - 252 to + 258 bp regulates constitutive but not acute-phase cytokine-inducible chemerin expression levels. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13702. [PMID: 32792625 PMCID: PMC7426834 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70625-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemerin is a chemoattractant protein with adipokine properties encoded by the retinoic acid receptor responder 2 (RARRES2) gene. It has gained more attention in the past few years due to its multilevel impact on metabolism and immune responses. However, mechanisms controlling the constitutive and regulated expression of RARRES2 in a variety of cell types remain obscure. To our knowledge, this report is the first to show that DNA methylation plays an important role in the cell-specific expression of RARRES2 in adipocytes, hepatocytes, and B lymphocytes. Using luciferase reporter assays, we determined the proximal fragment of the RARRES2 gene promoter, located from - 252 to + 258 bp, to be a key regulator of transcription. Moreover, we showed that chemerin expression is regulated in murine adipocytes by acute-phase cytokines, interleukin 1β and oncostatin M. In contrast with adipocytes, these cytokines exerted a weak, if any, response in mouse hepatocytes, suggesting that the effects of IL-1β and OSM on chemerin expression is specific to fat tissue. Together, our findings highlight previously uncharacterized mediators and mechanisms that control chemerin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Kwiecien
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Piotr Brzoza
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Maciej Bak
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pawel Majewski
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Izabella Skulimowska
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamil Bednarczyk
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Cichy
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Mateusz Kwitniewski
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387, Krakow, Poland.
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37
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Kothari C, Diorio C, Durocher F. The Importance of Breast Adipose Tissue in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165760. [PMID: 32796696 PMCID: PMC7460846 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a complex endocrine organ, with a role in obesity and cancer. Adipose tissue is generally linked to excessive body fat, and it is well known that the female breast is rich in adipose tissue. Hence, one can wonder: what is the role of adipose tissue in the breast and why is it required? Adipose tissue as an organ consists of adipocytes, an extracellular matrix (ECM) and immune cells, with a significant role in the dynamics of breast changes throughout the life span of a female breast from puberty, pregnancy, lactation and involution. In this review, we will discuss the importance of breast adipose tissue in breast development and its involvement in breast changes happening during pregnancy, lactation and involution. We will focus on understanding the biology of breast adipose tissue, with an overview on its involvement in the various steps of breast cancer development and progression. The interaction between the breast adipose tissue surrounding cancer cells and vice-versa modifies the tumor microenvironment in favor of cancer. Understanding this mutual interaction and the role of breast adipose tissue in the tumor microenvironment could potentially raise the possibility of overcoming breast adipose tissue mediated resistance to therapies and finding novel candidates to target breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charu Kothari
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC G1T 1C2, Canada;
- Cancer Research Centre, CHU de Quebec Research Centre, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada;
| | - Caroline Diorio
- Cancer Research Centre, CHU de Quebec Research Centre, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada;
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC G1T 1C2, Canada
| | - Francine Durocher
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC G1T 1C2, Canada;
- Cancer Research Centre, CHU de Quebec Research Centre, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(418)-525-4444 (ext. 48508)
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38
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Rennier K, Shin WJ, Krug E, Virdi G, Pachynski RK. Chemerin Reactivates PTEN and Suppresses PD-L1 in Tumor Cells via Modulation of a Novel CMKLR1-mediated Signaling Cascade. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:5019-5035. [PMID: 32605911 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-4245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chemerin (retinoic acid receptor responder 2, RARRES2) is an endogenous leukocyte chemoattractant that recruits innate immune cells through its receptor, ChemR23. RARRES2 is widely expressed in nonhematopoietic tissues and often downregulated across multiple tumor types compared with normal tissue. Recent studies show that augmenting chemerin in the tumor microenvironment significantly suppresses tumor growth, in part, by immune effector cells recruitment. However, as tumor cells express functional chemokine/chemoattractant receptors that impact their phenotype, we hypothesized that chemerin may have additional, tumor-intrinsic effects. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We investigated the effect of exogenous chemerin on human prostate and sarcoma tumor lines. Key signaling pathway components were elucidated using qPCR, Western blotting, siRNA knockdown, and specific inhibitors. Functional consequences of chemerin treatment were evaluated using in vitro and in vivo studies. RESULTS We show for the first time that human tumors exposed to exogenous chemerin significantly upregulate PTEN expression/activity, and concomitantly suppress programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression. CMKLR1 knockdown abrogated chemerin-induced PTEN and PD-L1 modulation, exposing a novel CMKLR1/PTEN/PD-L1 signaling cascade. Targeted inhibitors suggested signaling was occurring through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Chemerin treatment significantly reduced tumor migration, while significantly increasing T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Chemerin treatment was as effective as both PD-L1 knockdown and the anti-PD-L1 antibody, atezolizumab, in augmenting T-cell-mediated tumor lysis. Forced expression of chemerin in human DU145 tumors significantly suppressed in vivo tumor growth, and significantly increased PTEN and decreased PD-L1 expression. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our data show a novel link between chemerin, PTEN, and PD-L1 in human tumor lines, which may have a role in improving T-cell-mediated immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Rennier
- Division of Oncology, John T. Milliken Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Woo Jae Shin
- Division of Oncology, John T. Milliken Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Ethan Krug
- Division of Oncology, John T. Milliken Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Gurpal Virdi
- Division of Oncology, John T. Milliken Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Russell K Pachynski
- Division of Oncology, John T. Milliken Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri. .,Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.,The Bursky Center for Human Immunology & Immunotherapy Programs (CHiiPs), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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39
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Cai Z, Zhang M, Boafo Kwantwi L, Bi X, Zhang C, Cheng Z, Ding X, Su T, Wang H, Wu Q. Breast cancer cells promote self-migration by secreting interleukin 8 to induce NET formation. Gene 2020; 754:144902. [PMID: 32544496 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Cai
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Mingxun Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Center for Diagnostic Pathology, Hefei 230001, PR China
| | | | - Xiaomin Bi
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Chenchen Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Department of Pathology, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Zhongle Cheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Xiaojuan Ding
- Department of Microbiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China
| | - Tianhong Su
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Hua Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Department of Oncology, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China.
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40
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Hu S, Shao Z, Zhang C, Chen L, Mamun AA, Zhao N, Cai J, Lou Z, Wang X, Chen J. Chemerin facilitates intervertebral disc degeneration via TLR4 and CMKLR1 and activation of NF-kB signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:11732-11753. [PMID: 32526705 PMCID: PMC7343479 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Now days, obesity is a major risk factor for intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). However, adipokine, such as chemerin is a novel cytokine, which is secreted by adipose tissue, and are thought to be played major roles in various degenerative diseases. Obese individuals are known to have high concentration of serum chemerin. Our purpose was to study whether chemerin acts as a biochemical relationship between obesity, and IDD. In this study, we found that the expression level of chemerin was significantly increased in the human degenerated nucleus pulposus (NP) tissues, and had higher level in the obese people than the normal people. Chemerin significantly increased the inflammatory mediator level, contributing to ECM degradation in nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs). Furthermore, chemerin overexpression aggravates the puncture-induced IVDD progression in rats, while knockdown CMKLR1 reverses IVDD progression. Chemerin activates the NF-kB signaling pathway via its receptors CMKLR1, and TLR4 to release inflammatory mediators, which cause matrix degradation, and cell aging. These findings generally provide novel evidence supporting the causative role of obesity in IDD, which is essentially important to literally develop novel preventative or generally therapeutic treatment in the disc degenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunli Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhenxuan Shao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- The First School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jinfeng Cai
- The First School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhiling Lou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiangyang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiaoxiang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Chemerin Treatment Inhibits the Growth and Bone Invasion of Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082871. [PMID: 32325994 PMCID: PMC7216174 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemerin is secreted as prochemerin from various cell types and then cleaved into the bioactive isoform by specific proteases. In various cancer types, chemerin exhibits pro- or antitumor effects. In the present study, chemerin treatment significantly inhibited the viability and invasion of breast cancer cells in the absence or presence of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1. The expression levels of E-cadherin and vimentin were reduced in chemerin-treated breast cancer cells. However, chemerin treatment recovered the reduced E-cadherin expression level in breast cancer cells treated with TGF-β or IGF-1. Chemerin treatment inhibited nuclear β-catenin levels in breast cancer cells stimulated with or without TGF-β or IGF-1. In addition, chemerin treatment blocked the increase in the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) ratio in osteoblastic cells exposed to metastatic breast cancer cell-derived conditioned medium. Chemerin treatment inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and bone resorption by reducing the secretion of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, and cathepsin K. Intraperitoneal administration of chemerin inhibited tumor growth in MCF-7 breast cancer cell-injected mice and reduced the development of osteolytic lesions resulting from intratibial inoculation of MDA-MB-231 cells. Taken together, chemerin inhibits the growth and invasion of breast cancer cells and prevents bone loss resulting from breast cancer cells by inhibiting finally osteoclast formation and activity.
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Jacenik D, Fichna J. Chemerin in immune response and gastrointestinal pathophysiology. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 504:146-153. [PMID: 32070869 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chemerin is a multifunctional protein involved among others in adipogenesis, angiogenesis and lipid as well as glucose metabolism. Chemerin is an essential factor in promotion of chemotaxis of numerous immune cell types and plays an important role in several pathophysiologic conditions. Chemerin receptors are present on monocytes/macrophages, T cells, natural killer and dendritic cells as well as neutrophils. However, the role of chemerin and chemerin receptors in immune response and gastrointestinal diseases is still poorly understood. Accumulating, clinical and experimental studies observed disturbation of chemerin and chemerin receptors in a number of disorders including Barrett's esophagus, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, hepatic dysfunction, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer. Moreover, chemerin and chemerin receptors have been shown to regulate proliferation, migration and invasion of gastrointestinal and immune cells as well as cancer-associated fibroblasts. In this review we present the current state of knowledge about the contribution of chemerin to immune response and gastrointestinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Jacenik
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Cytobiochemistry, Pomorska St. 141/143, Lodz 90-236, Poland
| | - Jakub Fichna
- Medical University of Lodz, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Mazowiecka St. 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland.
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Christodoulatos GS, Spyrou N, Kadillari J, Psallida S, Dalamaga M. The Role of Adipokines in Breast Cancer: Current Evidence and Perspectives. Curr Obes Rep 2019; 8:413-433. [PMID: 31637624 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-019-00364-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The current review shows evidence for the role of adipokines in breast cancer (BC) pathogenesis summarizing the mechanisms underlying the association between adipokines and breast malignancy. Special emphasis is given also on intriguing insights into the relationship between obesity and BC as well as on the role of novel adipokines in BC development. RECENT FINDINGS Recent evidence has underscored the role of the triad of obesity, insulin resistance, and adipokines in postmenopausal BC. Adipokines exert independent and joint effects on activation of major intracellular signal networks implicated in BC cell proliferation, growth, survival, invasion, and metastasis, particularly in the context of obesity, considered a systemic endocrine dysfunction characterized by chronic inflammation. To date, more than 10 adipokines have been linked to BC, and this catalog is continuously increasing. The majority of circulating adipokines, such as leptin, resistin, visfatin, apelin, lipocalin 2, osteopontin, and oncostatin M, is elevated in BC, while some adipokines such as adiponectin and irisin (adipo-myokine) are generally decreased in BC and considered protective against breast carcinogenesis. Further evidence from basic and translational research is necessary to delineate the ontological role of adipokines and their interplay in BC pathogenesis. More large-scale clinical and longitudinal studies are awaited to assess their clinical utility in BC prognosis and follow-up. Finally, novel more effective and safer adipokine-centered therapeutic strategies could pave the way for targeted oncotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerasimos Socrates Christodoulatos
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias, Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Microbiology, KAT Hospital, 2 Nikis, Kifisia, 14561, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Spyrou
- 251 Airforce General Hospital, 3 Kanellopoulou, 11525, Athens, Greece
| | - Jona Kadillari
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias, Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotiria Psallida
- Laboratory of Microbiology, KAT Hospital, 2 Nikis, Kifisia, 14561, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias, Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece.
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More Than an Adipokine: The Complex Roles of Chemerin Signaling in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194778. [PMID: 31561459 PMCID: PMC6801800 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemerin is widely recognized as an adipokine, with diverse biological roles in cellular differentiation and metabolism, as well as a leukocyte chemoattractant. Research investigating the role of chemerin in the obesity-cancer relationship has provided evidence both for pro- and anti-cancer effects. The tumor-promoting effects of chemerin primarily involve direct effects on migration, invasion, and metastasis as well as growth and proliferation of cancer cells. Chemerin can also promote tumor growth via the recruitment of tumor-supporting mesenchymal stromal cells and stimulation of angiogenesis pathways in endothelial cells. In contrast, the majority of evidence supports that the tumor-suppressing effects of chemerin are immune-mediated and result in a shift from immunosuppressive to immunogenic cell populations within the tumor microenvironment. Systemic chemerin and chemerin produced within the tumor microenvironment may contribute to these effects via signaling through CMKLR1 (chemerin1), GPR1 (chemerin2), and CCLR2 on target cells. As such, inhibition or activation of chemerin signaling could be beneficial as a therapeutic approach depending on the type of cancer. Additional studies are required to determine if obesity influences cancer initiation or progression through increased adipose tissue production of chemerin and/or altered chemerin processing that leads to changes in chemerin signaling in the tumor microenvironment.
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