1
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Shen H, Zheng R, Du M, Christiani DC. Environmental pollutants exposure-derived extracellular vesicles: crucial players in respiratory disorders. Thorax 2024; 79:680-691. [PMID: 38631896 DOI: 10.1136/thorax-2023-221302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individual exposure to environmental pollutants, as one of the most influential drivers of respiratory disorders, has received considerable attention due to its preventability and controllability. Considering that the extracellular vesicle (EV) was an emerging intercellular communication medium, recent studies have highlighted the crucial role of environmental pollutants derived EVs (EPE-EVs) in respiratory disorders. METHODS PubMed and Web of Science were searched from January 2018 to December 2023 for publications with key words of environmental pollutants, respiratory disorders and EVs. RESULTS Environmental pollutants could disrupt airway intercellular communication by indirectly stimulating airway barrier cells to secrete endogenous EVs, or directly transmitting exogenous EVs, mainly by biological pollutants. Mechanistically, EPE-EVs transferred specific contents to modulate biological functions of recipient cells, to induce respiratory inflammation and impair tissue and immune function, which consequently contributed to the development of respiratory diseases, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, lung cancer and infectious lung diseases. Clinically, EVs could emerged as promising biomarkers and biological agents for respiratory diseases attributed by their specificity, convenience, sensibility and stability. CONCLUSIONS Further studies of EPE-EVs are helpful to understand the aetiology and pathology of respiratory diseases, and facilitate the precision respiratory medicine in risk screening, early diagnosis, clinical management and biotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Shen
- School of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Zheng
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mulong Du
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Departments of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David C Christiani
- Departments of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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2
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Papadopoulos NG, Apostolidou E, Miligkos M, Xepapadaki P. Bacteria and viruses and their role in the preschool wheeze to asthma transition. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2024; 35:e14098. [PMID: 38445451 DOI: 10.1111/pai.14098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Wheezing is the cardinal symptom of asthma; its presence early in life, mostly caused by viral infections, is a major risk factor for the establishment of persistent or recurrent disease. Early-life wheezing and asthma exacerbations are triggered by common respiratory viruses, mainly rhinoviruses (RV), and to a lesser extent, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza, human metapneumovirus, coronaviruses, adenoviruses, influenza, and bocavirus. The excess presence of bacteria, several of which are part of the microbiome, has also been identified in association with wheezing and acute asthma exacerbations, including haemophilus influenza, streptococcus pneumoniae, moraxella catarrhalis, mycoplasma pneumoniae, and chlamydophila pneumonia. While it is not clear when asthma starts, its characteristics develop over time. Airway remodeling already appears between the ages of 1 and 3 years of age even prior to the presence of atopic inflammation or an asthma diagnosis. The role of genetic defect or variations hampering the airway epithelium in response to environmental stimuli and severe disease morbidity are now considered as major determinants for early structural changes. Repeated viral infections can induce and perpetuate airway hyperresponsiveness. Allergic sensitization, that often precedes infection-induced wheezing, shifts inflammation toward type-2, while common respiratory infections themselves promote type-2 inflammation. Nevertheless, most children who wheeze with viral infections during infancy and during preschool years do not develop persistent asthma. Multiple factors, including illness severity, viral etiology, allergic sensitization, and the exposome, are associated with disease persistence. Here, we summarize current knowledge and developments in infection epidemiology of asthma in children, describing the known impact of each individual agent and mechanisms of transition from recurrent wheeze to asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos G Papadopoulos
- Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Michael Miligkos
- Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Xepapadaki
- Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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3
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Gheitasi H, Sabbaghian M, Shekarchi AA, Mirmazhary AA, Poortahmasebi V. Exosome-mediated regulation of inflammatory pathway during respiratory viral disease. Virol J 2024; 21:30. [PMID: 38273382 PMCID: PMC10811852 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-024-02297-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Viruses have developed many mechanisms by which they can stimulate or inhibit inflammation and cause various diseases, including viral respiratory diseases that kill many people every year. One of the mechanisms that viruses use to induce or inhibit inflammation is exosomes. Exosomes are small membrane nanovesicles (30-150 nm) released from cells that contain proteins, DNA, and coding and non-coding RNA species. They are a group of extracellular vesicles that cells can take up to produce and mediate communication. Intercellular effect exosomes can deliver a broad confine of biological molecules, containing nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, to the target cell, where they can convey therapeutic or pathogenic consequences through the modulation of inflammation and immune processes. Recent research has shown that exosomes can deliver entire virus genomes or virions to distant target cells, then the delivered viruses can escape the immune system and infect cells. Adenoviruses, orthomyxoviruses, paramyxoviruses, respiratory syncytial viruses, picornaviruses, coronaviruses, and rhinoviruses are mostly related to respiratory diseases. In this article, we will first discuss the current knowledge of exosomes. We will learn about the relationship between exosomes and viral infections, and We mention the inflammations caused by viruses in the airways, the role of exosomes in them, and finally, we examine the relationship between the viruses as mentioned earlier, and the regulation of inflammatory pathways that play a role in causing the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Gheitasi
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sabbaghian
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Shekarchi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Ali Mirmazhary
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahdat Poortahmasebi
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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4
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Hambo S, Harb H. Extracellular Vesicles and Their Role in Lung Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16139. [PMID: 38003329 PMCID: PMC10671184 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung infections are one of the most common causes of death and morbidity worldwide. Both bacterial and viral lung infections cause a vast number of infections with varying severities. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) produced by different cells due to infection in the lung have the ability to modify the immune system, leading to either better immune response or worsening of the disease. It has been shown that both bacteria and viruses have the ability to produce their EVs and stimulate the immune system for that. In this review, we investigate topics from EV biogenesis and types of EVs to lung bacterial and viral infections caused by various bacterial species. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae infections are covered intensively in this review. Moreover, various viral lung infections, including SARS-CoV-2 infections, have been depicted extensively. In this review, we focus on eukaryotic-cell-derived EVs as an important component of disease pathogenesis. Finally, this review holds high novelty in its findings and literature review. It represents the first time to cover all different information on immune-cell-derived EVs in both bacterial and viral lung infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hani Harb
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Hospital Dresden, Technical University Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
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5
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Kushch AA, Ivanov AV. [Exosomes in the life cycle of viruses and the pathogenesis of viral infections]. Vopr Virusol 2023; 68:181-197. [PMID: 37436410 DOI: 10.36233/0507-4088-173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles of endosomal origin, with a bilayer membrane, 30160 nm in diameter. Exosomes are released from cells of different origins and are detected in various body fluids. They contain nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, metabolites and can transfer the contents to recipient cells. Exosome biogenesis involves cellular proteins of the Rab GTPase family and the ESCRT system, which regulate budding, vesicle transport, molecule sorting, membrane fusion, formation of multivesicular bodies and exosome secretion. Exosomes are released from cells infected with viruses and may contain viral DNA and RNA, as well as mRNA, microRNA, other types of RNA, proteins and virions. Exosomes are capable of transferring viral components into uninfected cells of various organs and tissues. This review analyzes the impact of exosomes on the life cycle of widespread viruses that cause serious human diseases: human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1), hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, SARS-CoV-2. Viruses are able to enter cells by endocytosis, use molecular and cellular pathways involving Rab and ESCRT proteins to release exosomes and spread viral infections. It has been shown that exosomes can have multidirectional effects on the pathogenesis of viral infections, suppressing or enhancing the course of diseases. Exosomes can potentially be used in noninvasive diagnostics as biomarkers of the stage of infection, and exosomes loaded with biomolecules and drugs - as therapeutic agents. Genetically modified exosomes are promising candidates for new antiviral vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Kushch
- National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
| | - A V Ivanov
- Institute of Molecular Biology named after V.A. Engelhardt of Russian Academy of Sciences
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6
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Tinè M, Padrin Y, Bonato M, Semenzato U, Bazzan E, Conti M, Saetta M, Turato G, Baraldo S. Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) as Crucial Mediators of Cell-Cell Interaction in Asthma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054645. [PMID: 36902079 PMCID: PMC10003413 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is the most common chronic respiratory disorder worldwide and accounts for a huge health and economic burden. Its incidence is rapidly increasing but, in parallel, novel personalized approaches have emerged. Indeed, the improved knowledge of cells and molecules mediating asthma pathogenesis has led to the development of targeted therapies that significantly increased our ability to treat asthma patients, especially in severe stages of disease. In such complex scenarios, extracellular vesicles (EVs i.e., anucleated particles transporting nucleic acids, cytokines, and lipids) have gained the spotlight, being considered key sensors and mediators of the mechanisms controlling cell-to-cell interplay. We will herein first revise the existing evidence, mainly by mechanistic studies in vitro and in animal models, that EV content and release is strongly influenced by the specific triggers of asthma. Current studies indicate that EVs are released by potentially all cell subtypes in the asthmatic airways, particularly by bronchial epithelial cells (with different cargoes in the apical and basolateral side) and inflammatory cells. Such studies largely suggest a pro-inflammatory and pro-remodelling role of EVs, whereas a minority of reports indicate protective effects, particularly by mesenchymal cells. The co-existence of several confounding factors-including technical pitfalls and host and environmental confounders-is still a major challenge in human studies. Technical standardization in isolating EVs from different body fluids and careful selection of patients will provide the basis for obtaining reliable results and extend their application as effective biomarkers in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariaenrica Tinè
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova and Padova City Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Ylenia Padrin
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova and Padova City Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Bonato
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova and Padova City Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Pulmonology Unit, Ospedale Cà Foncello, Azienda Unità Locale Socio-Sanitaria 2 Marca Trevigiana, 31100 Treviso, Italy
| | - Umberto Semenzato
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova and Padova City Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Erica Bazzan
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova and Padova City Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Conti
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova and Padova City Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Marina Saetta
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova and Padova City Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Graziella Turato
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova and Padova City Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Simonetta Baraldo
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova and Padova City Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence:
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7
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Huang D, Taha MS, Nocera AL, Workman AD, Amiji MM, Bleier BS. Cold exposure impairs extracellular vesicle swarm-mediated nasal antiviral immunity. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 151:509-525.e8. [PMID: 36494212 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human upper respiratory tract is the first site of contact for inhaled respiratory viruses and elaborates an array of innate immune responses. Seasonal variation in respiratory viral infections and the importance of ambient temperature in modulating immune responses to infections have been well recognized; however, the underlying biological mechanisms remain understudied. OBJECTIVE We investigated the role of nasal epithelium-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in innate Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)-dependent antiviral immunity. METHODS We evaluated the secretion and composition of nasal epithelial EVs after TLR3 stimulation in human autologous cells and fresh human nasal mucosal surgical specimens. We also explored the antiviral activity and mechanisms of TLR3-stimulated EVs against respiratory viruses as well as the effect of cool ambient temperature on TLR3-dependent antiviral immunity. RESULTS We found that polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid, aka poly(I:C), exposure induced a swarm-like increase in the secretion of nasal epithelial EVs via the TLR3 signaling. EVs participated in TLR3-dependent antiviral immunity, protecting the host from viral infections through both EV-mediated functional delivery of miR-17 and direct virion neutralization after binding to virus ligands via surface receptors, including LDLR and ICAM-1. These potent antiviral immune defense functions mediated by TLR3-stimulated EVs were impaired by cold exposure via a decrease in total EV secretion as well as diminished microRNA packaging and antiviral binding affinity of individual EV. CONCLUSION TLR3-dependent nasal epithelial EVs exhibit multiple innate antiviral mechanisms to suppress respiratory viral infections. Furthermore, our study provides a direct quantitative mechanistic explanation for seasonal variation in upper respiratory tract infection prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Northeastern University, Boston, Boston, Mass
| | - Maie S Taha
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Northeastern University, Boston, Boston, Mass; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Angela L Nocera
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Northeastern University, Boston, Boston, Mass
| | - Alan D Workman
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Mansoor M Amiji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Northeastern University, Boston, Boston, Mass.
| | - Benjamin S Bleier
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
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8
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Zuliani-Alvarez L, Piccinini AM. A virological view of tenascin-C in infection. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 324:C1-C9. [PMID: 36458980 PMCID: PMC9762962 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00333.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Tenascin-C is a large extracellular matrix glycoprotein with complex, not yet fully unveiled roles. Its context- and structure-dependent modus operandi renders tenascin-C a puzzling protein. Since its discovery ∼40 years ago, research into tenascin-C biology continues to reveal novel functions, the most recent of all being its immunomodulatory activity, especially its role in infection, which is just now beginning to emerge. Here, we explore the role of tenascin-C in the immune response to viruses, including SARS-CoV-2 and HIV-1. Recently, tenascin-C has emerged as a biomarker of disease severity during COVID-19 and other viral infections, and we highlight relevant RNA sequencing and proteomic analyses that suggest a correlation between tenascin-C levels and disease severity. Finally, we ask what the function of this protein during viral replication is and propose tenascin-C as an intercellular signal of inflammation shuttled to distal sites via exosomes, a player in the repair and remodeling of infected and damaged tissues during severe infectious disease, as well as a ligand for specific pathogens with distinct implications for the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Zuliani-Alvarez
- 1QBI Coronavirus Research Group, San Francisco, California,2Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California,3Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Anna M. Piccinini
- 4School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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9
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Ambrożej D, Stelmaszczyk-Emmel A, Czystowska-Kuźmicz M, Feleszko W. "Liquid biopsy" - extracellular vesicles as potential novel players towards precision medicine in asthma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1025348. [PMID: 36466836 PMCID: PMC9714548 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1025348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as vital mediators in intracellular communication in the lung microenvironment. Environmental exposure to various triggers (e.g., viruses, allergens) stimulates the EV-mediated cascade of pro-inflammatory responses that play a key role in the asthma pathomechanism. This complex EV-mediated crosstalk in the asthmatic lung microenvironment occurs between different cell types, including airway epithelial cells and immune cells. The cargo composition of EVs mirrors hereby the type and activation status of the parent cell. Therefore, EVs collected in a noninvasive way (e.g., in nasal lavage, serum) could inform on the disease status as a "liquid biopsy", which is particularly important in the pediatric population. As a heterogeneous disease, asthma with its distinct endotypes and phenotypes requires more investigation to develop novel diagnostics and personalized case management. Filling these knowledge gaps may be facilitated by further EV research. Here, we summarize the contribution of EVs in the lung microenvironment as potential novel players towards precision medicine in the development of asthma. Although rapidly evolving, the EV field is still in its infancy. However, it is expected that a better understanding of the role of EVs in the asthma pathomechanism will open up new horizons for precision medicine diagnostic and therapeutic solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Ambrożej
- Department of Pediatric Pneumonology and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Stelmaszczyk-Emmel
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Wojciech Feleszko
- Department of Pediatric Pneumonology and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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10
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Regenerative mesenchymal stem c
ell‐derived
extracellular vesicles: A potential alternative to c
ell‐based
therapy in viral infection and disease damage control. WIREs Mech Dis 2022; 14:e1574. [DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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11
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Yoshida KI, Midwood KS, Orend G. Editorial: Tenascins - Key Players in Tissue Homeostasis and Defense. Front Immunol 2022; 12:834353. [PMID: 35095934 PMCID: PMC8790525 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.834353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Imanaka Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Kim S Midwood
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Gertraud Orend
- University Strasbourg, INSERM U1109, The Tumor Microenvironment Laboratory, Hôpital Civil, Institut d'Hématologie et d'Immunologie, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), 1 Place de l'Hopital, Strasbourg, France
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12
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Dekker PM, Boeren S, van Goudoever JB, Vervoort JJM, Hettinga KA. Exploring Human Milk Dynamics: Interindividual Variation in Milk Proteome, Peptidome, and Metabolome. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:1002-1016. [PMID: 35104145 PMCID: PMC8981310 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Human milk is a dynamic
biofluid, and its detailed composition
receives increasing attention. While most studies focus on changes
over time or differences between maternal characteristics, interindividual
variation receives little attention. Nevertheless, a comprehensive
insight into this can help interpret human milk studies and help human
milk banks provide targeted milk for recipients. This study aimed
to map interindividual variation in the human milk proteome, peptidome,
and metabolome and to investigate possible explanations for this variation.
A set of 286 milk samples was collected from 29 mothers in the third
month postpartum. Samples were pooled per mother, and proteins, peptides,
and metabolites were analyzed. A substantial coefficient of variation
(>100%) was observed for 4.6% and 36.2% of the proteins and peptides,
respectively. In addition, using weighted correlation network analysis
(WGCNA), 5 protein and 11 peptide clusters were obtained, showing
distinct characteristics. With this, several associations were found
between the different data sets and with specific sample characteristics.
This study provides insight into the dynamics of human milk protein,
peptide, and metabolite composition. In addition, it will support
future studies that evaluate the effect size of a parameter of interest
by enabling a comparison with natural variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter M Dekker
- Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sjef Boeren
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes B van Goudoever
- Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam UMC Vrije Universiteit Emma Children's Hospital, 1081 Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacques J M Vervoort
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kasper A Hettinga
- Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
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13
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Mwase C, Phung TKN, O’Sullivan MJ, Mitchel JA, De Marzio M, Kılıç A, Weiss ST, Fredberg JJ, Park JA. Mechanical Compression of Human Airway Epithelial Cells Induces Release of Extracellular Vesicles Containing Tenascin C. Cells 2022; 11:cells11020256. [PMID: 35053372 PMCID: PMC8774246 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant remodeling of the asthmatic airway is not well understood but is thought to be attributable in part to mechanical compression of airway epithelial cells. Here, we examine compression-induced expression and secretion of the extracellular matrix protein tenascin C (TNC) from well-differentiated primary human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells grown in an air-liquid interface culture. We measured TNC mRNA expression using RT-qPCR and secreted TNC protein using Western blotting and ELISA. To determine intracellular signaling pathways, we used specific inhibitors for either ERK or TGF-β receptor, and to assess the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) we used a commercially available kit and Western blotting. At baseline, secreted TNC protein was significantly higher in asthmatic compared to non-asthmatic cells. In response to mechanical compression, both TNC mRNA expression and secreted TNC protein was significantly increased in both non-asthmatic and asthmatic cells. TNC production depended on both the ERK and TGF-β receptor pathways. Moreover, mechanically compressed HBE cells released EVs that contain TNC. These data reveal a novel mechanism by which mechanical compression, as is caused by bronchospasm, is sufficient to induce the production of ECM protein in the airway and potentially contribute to airway remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chimwemwe Mwase
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (C.M.); (T.-K.N.P.); (M.J.O.); (J.A.M.); (M.D.M.); (S.T.W.); (J.J.F.)
| | - Thien-Khoi N. Phung
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (C.M.); (T.-K.N.P.); (M.J.O.); (J.A.M.); (M.D.M.); (S.T.W.); (J.J.F.)
| | - Michael J. O’Sullivan
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (C.M.); (T.-K.N.P.); (M.J.O.); (J.A.M.); (M.D.M.); (S.T.W.); (J.J.F.)
| | - Jennifer A. Mitchel
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (C.M.); (T.-K.N.P.); (M.J.O.); (J.A.M.); (M.D.M.); (S.T.W.); (J.J.F.)
| | - Margherita De Marzio
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (C.M.); (T.-K.N.P.); (M.J.O.); (J.A.M.); (M.D.M.); (S.T.W.); (J.J.F.)
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Ayşe Kılıç
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Scott T. Weiss
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (C.M.); (T.-K.N.P.); (M.J.O.); (J.A.M.); (M.D.M.); (S.T.W.); (J.J.F.)
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Jeffrey J. Fredberg
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (C.M.); (T.-K.N.P.); (M.J.O.); (J.A.M.); (M.D.M.); (S.T.W.); (J.J.F.)
| | - Jin-Ah Park
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (C.M.); (T.-K.N.P.); (M.J.O.); (J.A.M.); (M.D.M.); (S.T.W.); (J.J.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-617-432-2726
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14
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Esquivel-Ruiz S, González-Rodríguez P, Lorente JA, Pérez-Vizcaíno F, Herrero R, Moreno L. Extracellular Vesicles and Alveolar Epithelial-Capillary Barrier Disruption in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Pathophysiological Role and Therapeutic Potential. Front Physiol 2021; 12:752287. [PMID: 34887773 PMCID: PMC8650589 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.752287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate intercellular communication by transferring genetic material, proteins and organelles between different cells types in both health and disease. Recent evidence suggests that these vesicles, more than simply diagnostic markers, are key mediators of the pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and other lung diseases. In this review, we will discuss the contribution of EVs released by pulmonary structural cells (alveolar epithelial and endothelial cells) and immune cells in these diseases, with particular attention to their ability to modulate inflammation and alveolar-capillary barrier disruption, a hallmark of ARDS. EVs also offer a unique opportunity to develop new therapeutics for the treatment of ARDS. Evidences supporting the ability of stem cell-derived EVs to attenuate the lung injury and ongoing strategies to improve their therapeutic potential are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Esquivel-Ruiz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain.,Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma González-Rodríguez
- Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Critical Care, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | - José A Lorente
- Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Critical Care, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Madrid, Spain.,Clinical Section, School of Medicine, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Pérez-Vizcaíno
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain.,Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Herrero
- Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Critical Care, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Moreno
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain.,Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
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15
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Puhm F, Flamand L, Boilard E. Platelet extracellular vesicles in COVID-19: Potential markers and makers. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 111:63-74. [PMID: 34730839 PMCID: PMC8667644 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mir0221-100r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets and platelet extracellular vesicles (pEV) are at the crossroads of coagulation and immunity. Extracellular vesicles are messengers that not only transmit signals between cells, but also provide information about the status of their cell of origin. Thus, pEVs have potential as both biomarkers of platelet activation and contributors to pathology. Coronavirus Disease‐19 (COVID‐19), caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), is a complex disease affecting multiple organs and is characterized by a high degree of inflammation and risk of thrombosis in some patients. In this review, we introduce pEVs as valuable biomarkers in disease with a special focus on their potential as predictors of and contributors to COVID‐19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Puhm
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Université Laval and Centre de recherche ARThrite, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Louis Flamand
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Université Laval and Centre de recherche ARThrite, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Eric Boilard
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Université Laval and Centre de recherche ARThrite, Québec, Québec, Canada
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16
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Takahashi T, Schleimer RP. Epithelial-Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Pathophysiology of Epithelial Injury and Repair in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Connecting Immunology in Research Lab to Biomarkers in Clinics. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11709. [PMID: 34769139 PMCID: PMC8583779 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial barrier disruption and failure of epithelial repair by aberrant epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-induced basal cells observed in nasal mucosa of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) are speculated to play important roles in disease pathophysiology. Microparticles (MPs) are a type of extracellular vesicle (EV) released by budding or shedding from the plasma membrane of activated or apoptotic cells. MPs are detected in nasal lavage fluids (NLFs) and are now receiving attention as potential biomarkers to evaluate the degree of activation of immune cells and injury of structural cells in nasal mucosa of subjects with sinus disease. There are three types of epithelial-cell-derived MPs, which are defined by the expression of different epithelial specific markers on their surface: EpCAM, E-cadherin, and integrin β6 (ITGB6). When these markers are on MPs that are also carrying canonical EMT/mesenchymal markers (Snail (SNAI1); Slug (SNAI2); alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA, ACTA2)) or pro- and anti-coagulant molecules (tissue factor (TF); tissue plasminogen activator (tPA); plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)), they provide insight as to the roles of epithelial activation for EMT or regulation of coagulation in the underlying disease. In this review, we discuss the potential of epithelial MPs as research tools to evaluate status of nasal mucosae of CRS patients in the lab, as well as biomarkers for management and treatment of CRS in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Takahashi
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
| | - Robert P Schleimer
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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17
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Yang Y, Yuan L, Du X, Zhou K, Qin L, Wang L, Yang M, Wu M, Zheng Z, Xiang Y, Qu X, Liu H, Qin X, Liu C. Involvement of epithelia-derived exosomes in chronic respiratory diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112189. [PMID: 34560534 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are tiny membrane lipid bilayer vesicles (φ40-100 nm) formed by the fusion of multivesicular bodies with plasma membrane, which are released extracellular by exocytosis. As natural nanocarriers, exosomes contain a variety of signal substances of the mother cell: nucleic acids, proteins and lipids, etc., which always play a vital role in the transmission of signal molecules between different cells. Epithelial cells are the first-line defense system against various inhaled allergens causing chronic respiratory diseases (CRD), such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It's noted that increasing literature shows the exosomes derived from epithelial cells are involved in the pathogenesis of CRD. Moreover, the correlations between exosome cargo and the disease phenotypes show a high potential of using exosomes as biomarkers of CRD. In this review, we mainly focus on the physiological functions of epithelial-derived exosomes and illustrate the involved mechanism of epithelial-derived exosomes in common CRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Basic and Clinical Research Laboratory of Major Respiratory Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xizi Du
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Basic and Clinical Research Laboratory of Major Respiratory Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Leyuan Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Disease, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mengping Wu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Basic and Clinical Research Laboratory of Major Respiratory Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangping Qu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huijun Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoqun Qin
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chi Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Research Center of China-Africa Infectious Diseases, Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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18
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Fujita M, Suzuki H, Fukai F. Involvement of integrin-activating peptides derived from tenascin-C in colon cancer progression. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 13:980-994. [PMID: 34616507 PMCID: PMC8465449 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i9.980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tenascin-C (TNC) is an adhesion modulatory protein present in the extracellular matrix that is highly expressed in several malignancies, including colon cancer. Although TNC is considered a negative prognostic factor for cancer patients, the substantial role of the TNC molecule in colorectal carcinogenesis and its malignant progression is poorly understood. We previously found that TNC has a cryptic functional site and that a TNC peptide containing this site, termed TNIIIA2, can potently and persistently activate beta1-integrins. In contrast, the peptide FNIII14, which contains a cryptic bioactive site within the fibronectin molecule, can inactivate beta1-integrins. This review presents the role of TNC in the development of colitis-associated colorectal cancer and in the malignant progression of colon cancer, particularly the major involvement of its cryptic functional site TNIIIA2. We propose new possible prophylactic and therapeutic strategies based on inhibition of the TNIIIA2-induced beta1-integrin activation by peptide FNIII14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motomichi Fujita
- Department of Molecular Patho-Physiology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hideo Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Fumio Fukai
- Department of Molecular Patho-Physiology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
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19
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Meijer MT, de Vos AF, Peters Sengers H, Scicluna BP, Roelofs JJ, Abou Fayçal C, Uhel F, Orend G, van der Poll T. Tenascin C Has a Modest Protective Effect on Acute Lung Pathology during Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus-Induced Pneumonia in Mice. Microbiol Spectr 2021; 9:e0020721. [PMID: 34319124 PMCID: PMC8552697 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00207-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Tenascin C (TNC) is an extracellular matrix protein with immunomodulatory properties that plays a major role during tissue injury and repair. TNC levels are increased in patients with pneumonia and pneumosepsis, and they are associated with worse outcomes. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a Gram-positive bacterium that is a major causative pathogen in nosocomial pneumonia and a rising cause of community-acquired pneumonia. To study the role of TNC during MRSA-induced pneumonia, TNC sufficient (TNC+/+) and TNC-deficient (TNC-/-) mice were infected with MRSA via the airways and euthanized after 6, 24, and 48 h for analysis. Pulmonary transcription of TNC peaked at 6 h, while immunohistochemistry revealed higher protein levels at later time points. Although TNC deficiency was not associated with changes in bacterial clearance, TNC-/- mice showed increased levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid during the acute phase of infection when compared with TNC+/+ mice. In addition, TNC-/- mice showed more severe pulmonary pathology at 6, but not at 24 or 48 h, after infection. Together, these data suggest that TNC plays a moderate protective role against tissue pathology during the acute inflammatory phase, but not during the bacterial clearance phase, of MRSA-induced pneumonia. These results argue against an important role of TNC on disease outcome during MRSA-induced pneumonia. IMPORTANCE Recently, the immunomodulatory properties of TNC have drawn substantial interest. However, to date most studies made use of sterile models of inflammation. In this study, we examine the pathobiology of MRSA-induced pneumonia in a model of TNC-sufficient and TNC-deficient mice. We have studied the immune response and tissue pathology both during the initial insult and also during the resolution phase. We demonstrate that MRSA-induced pneumonia upregulates pulmonary TNC expression at the mRNA and protein levels. However, the immunomodulatory role of TNC during bacterial pneumonia is distinct from models of sterile inflammation, indicating that the function of TNC is context dependent. Contrary to previous descriptions of TNC as a proinflammatory mediator, TNC-deficient mice seem to suffer from enhanced tissue pathology during the acute phase of infection. Nonetheless, besides its role during the acute phase response, TNC does not seem to play a major role in disease outcome during MRSA-induced pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariska T. Meijer
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alex F. de Vos
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hessel Peters Sengers
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Brendon P. Scicluna
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Clinical Epidemiology Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joris J. Roelofs
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Chérine Abou Fayçal
- The Tumor Microenvironment Laboratory, INSERM UMR_S 1109, Université Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Hopital Civil, Institut d'Hématologie et d'Immunologie, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabrice Uhel
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gertraud Orend
- The Tumor Microenvironment Laboratory, INSERM UMR_S 1109, Université Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Hopital Civil, Institut d'Hématologie et d'Immunologie, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Tom van der Poll
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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20
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Jung AL, Schmeck B, Wiegand M, Bedenbender K, Benedikter BJ. The clinical role of host and bacterial-derived extracellular vesicles in pneumonia. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 176:113811. [PMID: 34022269 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pneumonia is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Due to constant evolution of respiratory bacteria and viruses, development of drug resistance and emerging pathogens, it constitutes a considerable health care threat. To enable development of novel strategies to control pneumonia, a better understanding of the complex mechanisms of interaction between host cells and infecting pathogens is vital. Here, we review the roles of host cell and bacterial-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in these interactions. We discuss clinical and experimental as well as pathogen-overarching and pathogen-specific evidence for common viral and bacterial elicitors of community- and hospital-acquired pneumonia. Finally, we highlight the potential of EVs for improved management of pneumonia patients and discuss the translational steps to be taken before they can be safely exploited as novel vaccines, biomarkers, or therapeutics in clinical practice.
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21
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Yu Y, Zhou Y, Di C, Zhao C, Chen J, Su W, Wu Q, Wu M, Su X, Xia Z. Increased airway epithelial cell-derived exosomes activate macrophage-mediated allergic inflammation via CD100 shedding. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:8850-8862. [PMID: 34414666 PMCID: PMC8435458 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Airway epithelial cells (AECs) participate in allergic airway inflammation by producing mediators in response to allergen stimulation. Whether ovalbumin (OVA) challenge promotes exosome release from AECs (OVA‐challenged AEC‐derived exosomes (OAEs)), thereby affecting airway inflammation, as well as the underlying mechanisms, is unknown. Our study showed that AECs released an increased number of exosomes after OVA challenge, and the expression of Plexin B2 (PLXNB2; a natural CD100 ligand) was increased by a massive 85.7‐fold in OAEs than in PBS‐treated AEC‐derived exosomes (PAEs). CD100+F4/80+ macrophages engulfed OAEs to trigger the transcription of pro‐inflammatory chemokines and cytokines. Plxnb2 transcripts increased in asthmatic lungs, and similarly, PLXNB2 protein was highly enriched in exosomes purified from asthmatic bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. Furthermore, aspiration of PLXNB2 or OAEs increased the recruitment of lung neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils and dendritic cells in OVA‐challenged mice. Mechanistically, OAE aspiration enhanced the cleavage of CD100 by MMP14, which manifested as an increase in the soluble CD100 (sCD100) level in BAL fluid and lung homogenates. Knockdown of Mmp14 in macrophages prevented the cleavage of CD100 and reduced Ccl2, Ccl5 and Cxcl2 transcription. These data indicate that PLXNB2‐containing OAEs aggravate airway asthmatic inflammation via cleavage of CD100 by MMP14, suggesting potential therapeutic targets of OAE‐mediated asthma exacerbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Caixia Di
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Caiqi Zhao
- Unit of Respiratory Infection and Immunity, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Unit of Respiratory Infection and Immunity, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Su
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qun Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Wu
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Xiao Su
- Unit of Respiratory Infection and Immunity, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenwei Xia
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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22
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Hovhannisyan L, Czechowska E, Gutowska-Owsiak D. The Role of Non-Immune Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Allergy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:702381. [PMID: 34489951 PMCID: PMC8417238 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.702381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), and especially exosomes, have been shown to mediate information exchange between distant cells; this process directly affects the biological characteristics and functionality of the recipient cell. As such, EVs significantly contribute to the shaping of immune responses in both physiology and disease states. While vesicles secreted by immune cells are often implicated in the allergic process, growing evidence indicates that EVs from non-immune cells, produced in the stroma or epithelia of the organs directly affected by inflammation may also play a significant role. In this review, we provide an overview of the mechanisms of allergy to which those EVs contribute, with a particular focus on small EVs (sEVs). Finally, we also give a clinical perspective regarding the utilization of the EV-mediated communication route for the benefit of allergic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilit Hovhannisyan
- University of Gdansk, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- Department of in vitro Studies, Institute of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ewa Czechowska
- University of Gdansk, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Danuta Gutowska-Owsiak
- University of Gdansk, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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23
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Imanaka-Yoshida K. Tenascin-C in Heart Diseases-The Role of Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115828. [PMID: 34072423 PMCID: PMC8198581 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tenascin-C (TNC) is a large extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoprotein and an original member of the matricellular protein family. TNC is transiently expressed in the heart during embryonic development, but is rarely detected in normal adults; however, its expression is strongly up-regulated with inflammation. Although neither TNC-knockout nor -overexpressing mice show a distinct phenotype, disease models using genetically engineered mice combined with in vitro experiments have revealed multiple significant roles for TNC in responses to injury and myocardial repair, particularly in the regulation of inflammation. In most cases, TNC appears to deteriorate adverse ventricular remodeling by aggravating inflammation/fibrosis. Furthermore, accumulating clinical evidence has shown that high TNC levels predict adverse ventricular remodeling and a poor prognosis in patients with various heart diseases. Since the importance of inflammation has attracted attention in the pathophysiology of heart diseases, this review will focus on the roles of TNC in various types of inflammatory reactions, such as myocardial infarction, hypertensive fibrosis, myocarditis caused by viral infection or autoimmunity, and dilated cardiomyopathy. The utility of TNC as a biomarker for the stratification of myocardial disease conditions and the selection of appropriate therapies will also be discussed from a clinical viewpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan;
- Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
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24
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Srinivasan A, Sundar IK. Recent updates on the role of extracellular vesicles in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES AND CIRCULATING NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 2:127-147. [PMID: 34414402 PMCID: PMC8372030 DOI: 10.20517/evcna.2021.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airway diagnosed with different endotypes and phenotypes, characterized by airway obstruction in response to allergens, bacterial/viral infections, or pollutants. Several cell types such as the airway epithelial cells, mesenchymal stem cells and different immune cells including dendritic cells (DCs), T and B cells and mast cells play an essential role during the pathobiology of asthma. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous nanovesicles produced by every cell type that facilitates intercellular communications. EVs contain heterogeneous cargos that primarily depend on the composition or cell type of origin and they can alter the physiological state of the target cells. EVs encompass a wide variety of proteins including Tetraspanins, MHC classes I and II, co-stimulatory molecules, nucleic acids such as RNA, miRNA, piRNA, circRNA, and lipids like ceramides and sphingolipids. Recent literature indicates that EVs play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of allergic asthma and may potentially be used as a novel biomarker to determine endotypes and phenotypes in severe asthmatics. Based on the prior reports, we speculate that regulation of EVs biogenesis and release might be under the control of circadian rhythms. Thus, circadian rhythms may influence the composition of the EVs, which alter the microenvironment that results in the induction of an immune-inflammatory response to various environmental insults or allergens such as air pollutants, ozone, diesel exhaust particles, pollens, outdoor molds, environmental tobacco smoke, etc. In this mini-review, we summarize the recent updates on the novel role of EVs in the pathogenesis of asthma, and highlight the link between circadian rhythms and EVs that may be important to identify molecular mechanisms to target during the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory lung disease such as asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashokkumar Srinivasan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Lawrence, KS 66160, USA
| | - Isaac Kirubakaran Sundar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Lawrence, KS 66160, USA
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25
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Extracellular Vesicles and Asthma-More Than Just a Co-Existence. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094984. [PMID: 34067156 PMCID: PMC8124625 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous structures, which are secreted by almost every cell type analyzed so far. In addition to their importance for cell-cell communication under physiological conditions, EVs are also released during pathogenesis and mechanistically contribute to this process. Here we summarize their functional relevance in asthma, one of the most common chronic non-communicable diseases. Asthma is a complex persistent inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by reversible airflow obstruction and, from a long-term perspective, airway remodeling. Overall, mechanistic studies summarized here indicate the importance of different subtypes of EVs and their variable cargoes in the functioning of the pathways underlying asthma, and show some interesting potential for the development of future therapeutic interventions. Association studies in turn demonstrate a good diagnostic potential of EVs in asthma.
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26
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Albacete-Albacete L, Sánchez-Álvarez M, Del Pozo MA. Extracellular Vesicles: An Emerging Mechanism Governing the Secretion and Biological Roles of Tenascin-C. Front Immunol 2021; 12:671485. [PMID: 33981316 PMCID: PMC8107694 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.671485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
ECM composition and architecture are tightly regulated for tissue homeostasis. Different disorders have been associated to alterations in the levels of proteins such as collagens, fibronectin (FN) or tenascin-C (TnC). TnC emerges as a key regulator of multiple inflammatory processes, both during physiological tissue repair as well as pathological conditions ranging from tumor progression to cardiovascular disease. Importantly, our current understanding as to how TnC and other non-collagen ECM components are secreted has remained elusive. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane-bound particles released to the extracellular space by most cell types, playing a key role in cell-cell communication. A broad range of cellular components can be transported by EVs (e.g. nucleic acids, lipids, signalling molecules and proteins). These cargoes can be transferred to target cells, potentially modulating their function. Recently, several extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins have been characterized as bona fide EV cargoes, exosomal secretion being particularly critical for TnC. EV-dependent ECM secretion might underpin diseases where ECM integrity is altered, establishing novel concepts in the field such as ECM nucleation over long distances, and highlighting novel opportunities for diagnostics and therapeutic intervention. Here, we review recent findings and standing questions on the molecular mechanisms governing EV–dependent ECM secretion and its potential relevance for disease, with a focus on TnC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Albacete-Albacete
- Mechanoadaptation and Caveolae Biology Lab, Area of Cell and Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Sánchez-Álvarez
- Mechanoadaptation and Caveolae Biology Lab, Area of Cell and Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Del Pozo
- Mechanoadaptation and Caveolae Biology Lab, Area of Cell and Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
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27
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Sur S, Khatun M, Steele R, Isbell TS, Ray R, Ray RB. Exosomes from COVID-19 Patients Carry Tenascin-C and Fibrinogen-β in Triggering Inflammatory Signals in Cells of Distant Organ. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063184. [PMID: 33804769 PMCID: PMC8003878 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause cytokine storm and may overshoot immunity in humans; however, it remains to be determined whether virus-induced soluble mediators from infected cells are carried by exosomes as vehicles to distant organs and cause tissue damage in COVID-19 patients. We took an unbiased proteomic approach for analyses of exosomes isolated from plasma of healthy volunteers and COVID-19 patients. Our results revealed that tenascin-C (TNC) and fibrinogen-β (FGB) are highly abundant in exosomes from COVID-19 patients’ plasma compared with that of healthy normal controls. Since TNC and FGB stimulate pro-inflammatory cytokines via the Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway, we examined the status of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C–C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) expression upon exposure of hepatocytes to exosomes from COVID-19 patients and observed significant increase compared with that from healthy subjects. Together, our results demonstrate that TNC and FGB are transported through plasma exosomes and potentially trigger pro-inflammatory cytokine signaling in cells of distant organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhayan Sur
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA; (S.S.); (M.K.); (R.S.); (T.S.I.)
| | - Mousumi Khatun
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA; (S.S.); (M.K.); (R.S.); (T.S.I.)
| | - Robert Steele
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA; (S.S.); (M.K.); (R.S.); (T.S.I.)
| | - T. Scott Isbell
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA; (S.S.); (M.K.); (R.S.); (T.S.I.)
| | - Ranjit Ray
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA;
| | - Ratna B. Ray
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA; (S.S.); (M.K.); (R.S.); (T.S.I.)
- Correspondence:
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28
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Wang X, Wu K, Keeler SP, Mao D, Agapov EV, Zhang Y, Holtzman MJ. TLR3-Activated Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells Trigger Progression from Acute Viral Infection to Chronic Disease in the Lung. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2021; 206:1297-1314. [PMID: 33514511 PMCID: PMC7946811 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Acute infection is implicated as a trigger for chronic inflammatory disease, but the full basis for this switch is uncertain. In this study, we examine this issue using a mouse model of chronic lung disease that develops after respiratory infection with a natural pathogen (Sendai virus). We investigate this model using a combination of TLR3-deficient mice and adoptive transfer of immune cells into these mice versus the comparable responses in wild-type mice. We found that acute and transient expression of TLR3 on monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) was selectively required to induce long-term expression of IL-33 and consequent type 2 immune-driven lung disease. Unexpectedly, moDC participation was not based on canonical TLR3 signaling and relied instead on a trophic effect to expand the alveolar epithelial type 2 cell population beyond repair of tissue injury and thereby provide an enriched and persistent cell source of IL-33 required for progression to a disease phenotype that includes lung inflammation, hyperreactivity, excess mucus production, and remodeling. The findings thereby provide a framework wherein viral infection activates TLR3 in moDCs as a front-line immune cell niche upstream of lung epithelial cells to drive the type 2 immune response, leading to chronic inflammatory diseases of the lung (such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in humans) and perhaps progressive and long-term postviral disease in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wang
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Kangyun Wu
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Shamus P Keeler
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Dailing Mao
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Eugene V Agapov
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Yong Zhang
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Michael J Holtzman
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
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Meijer MT, de Vos AF, Scicluna BP, Roelofs JJ, Abou Fayçal C, Orend G, Uhel F, van der Poll T. Tenascin-C Deficiency Is Associated With Reduced Bacterial Outgrowth During Klebsiella pneumoniae-Evoked Pneumosepsis in Mice. Front Immunol 2021; 12:600979. [PMID: 33776992 PMCID: PMC7990887 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.600979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tenascin C (TNC) is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein that recently emerged as an immunomodulator. TNC-deficient (TNC−/−) mice were reported to have a reduced inflammatory response upon systemic administration of lipopolysaccharide, the toxic component of gram-negative bacteria. Here, we investigated the role of TNC during gram-negative pneumonia derived sepsis. TNC+/+ and TNC−/− mice were infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae via the airways and sacrificed 24 and 42 h thereafter for further analysis. Pulmonary TNC protein levels were elevated 42 h after infection in TNC+/+ mice and remained undetectable in TNC−/− mice. TNC−/− mice showed modestly lower bacterial loads in lungs and blood, and a somewhat reduced local—but not systemic—inflammatory response. Moreover, TNC−/− and TNC+/+ mice did not differ with regard to neutrophil recruitment, lung pathology or plasma markers of distal organ injury. These results suggest that while TNC shapes the immune response during lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation, this role may be superseded during pneumosepsis caused by a common gram-negative pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariska T Meijer
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alex F de Vos
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Brendon P Scicluna
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Clinical Epidemiology Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joris J Roelofs
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Chérine Abou Fayçal
- The Tumor Microenvironment Laboratory, INSERM UMR_S 1109, Université Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Hopital Civil, Institut d'Hématologie et d'Immunologie, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Gertraud Orend
- The Tumor Microenvironment Laboratory, INSERM UMR_S 1109, Université Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Hopital Civil, Institut d'Hématologie et d'Immunologie, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabrice Uhel
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tom van der Poll
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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30
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The Emerging Role of Small Extracellular Vesicles in Inflammatory Airway Diseases. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11020222. [PMID: 33540806 PMCID: PMC7913078 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11020222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are produced and released by all cells and are present in all body fluids. They exist in a variety of sizes, however, small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), the EV subset with a size range from 30 to 150 nm, are of current interest. By transporting a complex cargo that includes genetic material, proteins, lipids, and signaling molecules, sEVs can alter the state of recipient cells. The role of sEVs in mediating inflammatory processes and responses of the immune system is well-documented, and adds another layer of complexity to our understanding of frequent diseases, including chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and upper airway infections. In these diseases, two aspects of sEV biology are of particular interest: (1) sEVs might be involved in the etiopathogenesis of inflammatory airway diseases, and might emerge as attractive therapeutic targets, and (2) sEVs might be of diagnostic or prognostic relevance. The purpose of this review is to outline the biological functions of sEVs and their capacity to both augment and attenuate inflammation and immune response in the context of pathogen invasion, CRS, asthma, and COPD.
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31
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Bartel S, Deshane J, Wilkinson T, Gabrielsson S. Extracellular Vesicles as Mediators of Cellular Cross Talk in the Lung Microenvironment. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:326. [PMID: 32850874 PMCID: PMC7417309 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The human lung is a complex tissue subdivided into several regions that differ in size, function, and resident cell types. Despite years of intensive research, we still do not fully understand the cross talk between these different regions and diverse cell populations in the lung and how this is altered in the development of chronic respiratory disease. The discovery of extracellular vesicles (EVs), small membrane vesicles released from cells for intercellular communication, has added another layer of complexity to cellular cross talk in the complex lung microenvironment. EVs from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, or sarcoidosis have been shown to carry microRNAs, proteins, and lipids that may contribute to inflammation or tissue degeneration. Here, we summarize the contribution of these small vesicles in the interplay of several different cell types in the lung microenvironment, with a focus on the development of chronic respiratory diseases. Although there are already many studies demonstrating the adverse effects of EVs in the diseased lung, we still have substantial knowledge gaps regarding the concrete role of EV involvement in lung disease, which should be addressed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Bartel
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jessy Deshane
- Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Tom Wilkinson
- Clinical and Experimental Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Susanne Gabrielsson
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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32
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Multiple Biological Roles of Extracellular Vesicles in Lung Injury and Inflammation Microenvironment. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:5608382. [PMID: 32733944 PMCID: PMC7378585 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5608382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lung injury and inflammation are complex pathological processes. The influence and crosstalk between various cells form a characteristic microenvironment. Extracellular vesicles from different cell sources in the microenvironment carry multiple cargo molecules, which affect the pathological process through different pathways. Here, we mainly discussed the mechanism of crosstalk between alveolar epithelial cells and different immune cells through extracellular vesicles in lung inflammation and reviewed the mechanism of extracellular vesicles released by blood and airways on lung inflammation. Finally, the role of extracellular vesicles in viral infection of the lung was also described.
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33
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Dogrammatzis C, Waisner H, Kalamvoki M. Cloaked Viruses and Viral Factors in Cutting Edge Exosome-Based Therapies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:376. [PMID: 32528954 PMCID: PMC7264115 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) constitute a heterogeneous group of vesicles released by all types of cells that play a major role in intercellular communication. The field of EVs started gaining attention since it was realized that these vesicles are not waste bags, but they carry specific cargo and they communicate specific messages to recipient cells. EVs can deliver different types of RNAs, proteins, and lipids from donor to recipient cells and they can influence recipient cell functions, despite their limited capacity for cargo. EVs have been compared to viruses because of their size, cell entry pathways, and biogenesis and to viral vectors because they can be loaded with desired cargo, modified, and re-targeted. These properties along with the fact that EVs are stable in body fluids, they can be produced and purified in large quantities, they can cross the blood–brain barrier, and autologous EVs do not appear to cause major adverse effects, have rendered them attractive for therapeutic use. Here, we discuss the potential for therapeutic use of EVs derived from virus infected cells or EVs carrying viral factors. We have focused on six major concepts: (i) the role of EVs in virus-based oncolytic therapy or virus-based gene delivery approaches; (ii) the potential use of EVs for developing viral vaccines or optimizing already existing vaccines; (iii) the role of EVs in delivering RNAs and proteins in the context of viral infections and modulating the microenvironment of infection; (iv) how to take advantage of viral features to design effective means of EV targeting, uptake, and cargo packaging; (v) the potential of EVs in antiviral drug delivery; and (vi) identification of novel antiviral targets based on EV biogenesis factors hijacked by viruses for assembly and egress. It has been less than a decade since more attention was given to EV research and some interesting concepts have already been developed. In the coming years, additional information on EV biogenesis, how they are hijacked and utilized by pathogens, and their impact on the microenvironment of infection is expected to indicate avenues to optimize existing therapeutic tools and develop novel approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Dogrammatzis
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics, and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Hope Waisner
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics, and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Maria Kalamvoki
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics, and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
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Shiratori T, Imaizumi T, Hirono K, Kawaguchi S, Matsumiya T, Seya K, Tasaka S. ISG56 is involved in CXCL10 expression induced by TLR3 signaling in BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial cells. Exp Lung Res 2020; 46:195-202. [PMID: 32363951 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2020.1760965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Purpose and aim of the study: Bronchial epithelial cells play an important role in immune response against viral infections. Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) is a pathogen recognition receptor that recognizes viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). Activation of TLR3 induces the expression of interferon (IFN)-β, and newly synthesized IFN-β exhibits anti-viral activity by upregulating the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). ISG56 encodes a multifunctional protein with tetratricopeptide motifs and is involved in anti-viral reactions through various mechanisms. Expression of chemokines such as CXCL10, which induces leukocyte chemotaxis, is essential for defense against airway microbes. However, regulation of chemokine expression by ISG56 in bronchial epithelial cells has not been fully investigated. The aim of this study was to examine the expression of ISG56 and its role in CXCL10 production in BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial cells treated with dsRNA.Materials and methods: BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial cells were treated with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly IC), a synthetic TLR3 ligand. The mRNA and protein expression levels of ISG 56 were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. The effect of knocking down TLR3, IFN-β, and ISG56 was examined using RNA interference. The protein expression of CXCL10 in culture medium was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: Poly IC induced ISG56 expression in a concentration- and time- dependent manner. RNA interference showed that ISG56 induction was inhibited by knockdown of TLR3 or IFN-β and that ISG 56 knockdown decreased CXCL10 expression.Conclusions: ISG56 was induced by poly IC through TLR3/IFN-β axis, and ISG56 may positively regulated CXCL10 expression in BEAS-2B cells. ISG56 may modulate anti-viral innate immunity, at least in part, by regulating the expression of CXCL10 in bronchial epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Shiratori
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Tadaatsu Imaizumi
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute of Brain Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Koji Hirono
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Shogo Kawaguchi
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute of Brain Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Tomoh Matsumiya
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute of Brain Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Seya
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute of Brain Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Sadatomo Tasaka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
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35
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Frey A, Lunding LP, Ehlers JC, Weckmann M, Zissler UM, Wegmann M. More Than Just a Barrier: The Immune Functions of the Airway Epithelium in Asthma Pathogenesis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:761. [PMID: 32411147 PMCID: PMC7198799 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic bronchial asthma is a chronic disease of the airways that is characterized by symptoms like respiratory distress, chest tightness, wheezing, productive cough, and acute episodes of broncho-obstruction. This symptom-complex arises on the basis of chronic allergic inflammation of the airway wall. Consequently, the airway epithelium is central to the pathogenesis of this disease, because its multiple abilities directly have an impact on the inflammatory response and thus the formation of the disease. In turn, its structure and functions are markedly impaired by the inflammation. Hence, the airway epithelium represents a sealed, self-cleaning barrier, that prohibits penetration of inhaled allergens, pathogens, and other noxious agents into the body. This barrier is covered with mucus that further contains antimicrobial peptides and antibodies that are either produced or specifically transported by the airway epithelium in order to trap these particles and to remove them from the body by a process called mucociliary clearance. Once this first line of defense of the lung is overcome, airway epithelial cells are the first cells to get in contact with pathogens, to be damaged or infected. Therefore, these cells release a plethora of chemokines and cytokines that not only induce an acute inflammatory reaction but also have an impact on the alignment of the following immune reaction. In case of asthma, all these functions are impaired by the already existing allergic immune response that per se weakens the barrier integrity and self-cleaning abilities of the airway epithelium making it more vulnerable to penetration of allergens as well as of infection by bacteria and viruses. Recent studies indicate that the history of allergy- and pathogen-derived insults can leave some kind of memory in these cells that can be described as imprinting or trained immunity. Thus, the airway epithelium is in the center of processes that lead to formation, progression and acute exacerbation of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Frey
- Division of Mucosal Immunology and Diagnostics, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany.,Airway Research Center North, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany
| | - Lars P Lunding
- Airway Research Center North, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany.,Division of Asthma Exacerbation & Regulation, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | - Johanna C Ehlers
- Airway Research Center North, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany.,Division of Experimental Pneumology, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | - Markus Weckmann
- Airway Research Center North, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergology, University Children's Hospital, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ulrich M Zissler
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany.,Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), CPC-M, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Wegmann
- Airway Research Center North, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany.,Division of Asthma Exacerbation & Regulation, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
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Tan S, Xia L, Yi P, Han Y, Tang L, Pan Q, Tian Y, Rao S, Oyang L, Liang J, Lin J, Su M, Shi Y, Cao D, Zhou Y, Liao Q. Exosomal miRNAs in tumor microenvironment. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:67. [PMID: 32299469 PMCID: PMC7164281 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01570-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment (TME) is the internal environment in which tumor cells survive, consisting of tumor cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells, as well as non-cellular components, such as exosomes and cytokines. Exosomes are tiny extracellular vesicles (40-160nm) containing active substances, such as proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. Exosomes carry biologically active miRNAs to shuttle between tumor cells and TME, thereby affecting tumor development. Tumor-derived exosomal miRNAs induce matrix reprogramming in TME, creating a microenvironment that is conducive to tumor growth, metastasis, immune escape and chemotherapy resistance. In this review, we updated the role of exosomal miRNAs in the process of TME reshaping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiming Tan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Longzheng Xia
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Pin Yi
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.,University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Yaqian Han
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Lu Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.,University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Qing Pan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.,University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Yutong Tian
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.,University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Shan Rao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Linda Oyang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Jiaxin Liang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Jinguan Lin
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Min Su
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yingrui Shi
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Deliang Cao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.,Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology & Cell Biology, Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 913 N. Rutledge Street, Springfield, IL 62794,, USA
| | - Yujuan Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
| | - Qianjin Liao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
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Li L, Pan J, Cai X, Gong E, Xu C, Zheng H, Cao Z, Yin Z. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells suppress lung cancer via TLR4/NF-κB signalling pathway. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2020.1712257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Li
- Respiratory Department, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, P.R. China
| | - Jiongwei Pan
- Respiratory Department, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Cai
- Respiratory Department, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, P.R. China
| | - Enhui Gong
- Respiratory Department, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, P.R. China
| | - Cunlai Xu
- Respiratory Department, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, P.R. China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Respiratory Department, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, P.R. China
| | - Zhuo Cao
- Respiratory Department, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, P.R. China
| | - Zhangyong Yin
- Respiratory Department, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, P.R. China
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