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Xu Y, Ou J, Zhang C, Chen J, Chen J, Li A, Huang B, Zhao X. Rapamycin promotes the intestinal barrier repair in ulcerative colitis via the mTOR/PBLD/AMOT signaling pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167287. [PMID: 38862095 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Intestinal barrier dysfunction characterized by the functional loss of the intestinal epithelium's tight junction (TJ) barrier is a key factor in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). Although rapamycin, an mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) inhibitor, has shown promise in inducing clinical remission and mucosal healing in inflammatory bowel disease, its underlying mechanism remains elusive. Thus, this study investigated the role of the mTOR pathway in regulating the intestinal barrier. To investigate the molecular mechanism regulating the intestinal barrier, specific intestinal epithelial phenazine biosynthesis-like domain-containing protein (PBLD)-deficient (PBLDIEC-/-) mice and control wild-type (WT) mice were intraperitoneally injected with rapamycin or MHY1485. To determine the relevance of the findings for UC, we analyzed transcriptome data and single-cell expression profiles from public databases and intestinal mucosal tissues obtained from patients with active UC or colon cancer. We observed that mTOR activation in the intestinal epithelium of patients with active UC. Moreover, in vivo, rapamycin markedly increased the expressions of PBLD and TJ proteins and reduced intestinal inflammation in mice with dextran sulfate sodium-induced enteritis. However, the therapeutic efficacy of rapamycin was notably reduced in PBLDIEC-/- mice. In vitro, rapamycin influenced PBLD expression by modulating the nuclear transcription of transcription factor EB (TFEB). Angiomotin (AMOT) could directly bind to PBLD, and rapamycin could not effectively increase the expression of TJ proteins after the knockdown of PBLD or AMOT. In summary, the administration of rapamycin is a potential treatment for UC, and targeting the mTOR/PBLD/AMOT axis is a potential novel approach for UC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinyuan Ou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuhong Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayue Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Junsheng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Aimin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China.
| | - Bing Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xinmei Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China.
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2
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Markus V. Gut bacterial quorum sensing molecules and their association with inflammatory bowel disease: Advances and future perspectives. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 724:150243. [PMID: 38857558 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is an enduring inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The complexity of IBD, its profound impact on patient's quality of life, and its burden on healthcare systems necessitate continuing studies to elucidate its etiology, refine care strategies, improve treatment outcomes, and identify potential targets for novel therapeutic interventions. The discovery of a connection between IBD and gut bacterial quorum sensing (QS) molecules has opened exciting opportunities for research into IBD pathophysiology. QS molecules are small chemical messengers synthesized and released by bacteria based on population density. These chemicals are sensed not only by the microbial species but also by host cells and are essential in gut homeostasis. QS molecules are now known to interact with inflammatory pathways, therefore rendering them potential therapeutic targets for IBD management. Given these intriguing developments, the most recent research findings in this area are herein reviewed. First, the global burden of IBD and the disruptions of the gut microbiota and intestinal barrier associated with the disease are assessed. Next, the general QS mechanism and signaling molecules in the gut are discussed. Then, the roles of QS molecules and their connection with IBD are elucidated. Lastly, the review proposes potential QS-based therapeutic targets for IBD, offering insights into the future research trajectory in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Markus
- Near East University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Nicosia, TRNC Mersin 10, Turkey.
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Heinecke F, Fornes D, Capobianco E, Flores Quiroga JP, Labiano M, Faletti AG, Jawerbaum A, White V. Intestinal alterations and mild glucose homeostasis impairments in the offspring born to overweight rats. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 587:112201. [PMID: 38494045 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The gut plays a crucial role in metabolism by regulating the passage of nutrients, water and microbial-derived substances to the portal circulation. Additionally, it produces incretins, such as glucose-insulinotropic releasing peptide (GIP) and glucagon-like derived peptide 1 (GLP1, encoded by gcg gene) in response to nutrient uptake. We aimed to investigate whether offspring from overweight rats develop anomalies in the barrier function and incretin transcription. We observed pro-inflammatory related changes along with a reduction in Claudin-3 levels resulting in increased gut-permeability in fetuses and offspring from overweight rats. Importantly, we found decreased gip mRNA levels in both fetuses and offspring from overweight rats. Differently, gcg mRNA levels were upregulated in fetuses, downregulated in female offspring and unchanged in male offspring from overweight rats. When cultured with high glucose, intestinal explants showed an increase in gip and gcg mRNA levels in control offspring. In contrast, offspring from overweight rats did not exhibit any response in gip mRNA levels. Additionally, while females showed no response, male offspring from overweight rats did exhibit an upregulation in gcg mRNA levels. Furthermore, female and male offspring from overweight rats showed sex-dependent anomalies when orally challenged with a glucose overload, returning to baseline glucose levels after 120 min. These results open new research questions about the role of the adverse maternal metabolic condition in the programming of impairments in glucose homeostasis, enteroendocrine function and gut barrier function in the offspring from overweight mothers and highlight the importance of a perinatal maternal healthy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia Heinecke
- Centre for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CEFYBO-CONICET-UBA), School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daiana Fornes
- Centre for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CEFYBO-CONICET-UBA), School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Evangelina Capobianco
- Centre for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CEFYBO-CONICET-UBA), School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jeremias Pablo Flores Quiroga
- Centre for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CEFYBO-CONICET-UBA), School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marina Labiano
- Centre for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CEFYBO-CONICET-UBA), School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alicia G Faletti
- Centre for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CEFYBO-CONICET-UBA), School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alicia Jawerbaum
- Centre for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CEFYBO-CONICET-UBA), School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Verónica White
- Centre for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CEFYBO-CONICET-UBA), School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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4
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Liu X, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Cui X, Yang D, Li Y. Octreotide attenuates intestinal barrier damage by maintaining basal autophagy in Caco2 cells. Mol Med Rep 2024; 29:90. [PMID: 38577927 PMCID: PMC11019401 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The intestinal mucosal barrier is of great importance for maintaining the stability of the internal environment, which is closely related to the occurrence and development of intestinal inflammation. Octreotide (OCT) has potential applicable clinical value for treating intestinal injury according to previous studies, but the underlying molecular mechanisms have remained elusive. This article is based on a cell model of inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), aiming to explore the effects of OCT in protecting intestinal mucosal barrier function. A Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay was used to determine cell viability and evaluate the effectiveness of OCT. Gene silencing technology was used to reveal the mediated effect of somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2). The changes in intestinal permeability were detected through trans‑epithelial electrical resistance and fluorescein isothiocyanate‑dextran 4 experiments, and the alterations in tight junction proteins were detected using immunoblotting and reverse transcription fluorescence‑quantitative PCR technology. Autophagosomes were observed by electron microscopy and the dynamic changes of the autophagy process were characterized by light chain (LC)3‑II/LC3‑I conversion and autophagic flow. The results indicated that SSTR2‑dependent OCT can prevent the decrease in cell activity. After LPS treatment, the permeability of monolayer cells decreased and intercellular tight junctions were disrupted, resulting in a decrease in tight junction protein zona occludens 1 in cells. The level of autophagy‑related protein LC3 was altered to varying degrees at different times. These abnormal changes gradually returned to normal levels after the combined application of LPS and SSTR2‑dependent OCT, confirming the role of OCT in protecting intestinal barrier function. These experimental results suggest that OCT maintains basal autophagy and cell activity mediated by SSTR2 in intestinal epithelial cells, thereby preventing the intestinal barrier dysfunction in inflammation injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Yantai Mountain Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Xigang Cui
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Thyroid Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Donglin Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Yuling Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
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Yi R, Yang B, Zhu H, Sun Y, Wu H, Wang Z, Lu Y, He YW, Tian J. Quorum-Sensing Signal DSF Inhibits the Proliferation of Intestinal Pathogenic Bacteria and Alleviates Inflammatory Response to Suppress DSS-Induced Colitis in Zebrafish. Nutrients 2024; 16:1562. [PMID: 38892496 PMCID: PMC11173708 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The imbalance of gut microbiota is an important factor leading to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Diffusible signal factor (DSF) is a novel quorum-sensing signal that regulates bacterial growth, metabolism, pathogenicity, and host immune response. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effect and underlying mechanisms of DSF in a zebrafish colitis model induced by sodium dextran sulfate (DSS). The results showed that intake of DSF can significantly improve intestinal symptoms in the zebrafish colitis model, including ameliorating the shortening of the intestine, reducing the increase in the goblet cell number, and restoring intestinal pathological damage. DSF inhibited the upregulation of inflammation-related genes and promoted the expression of claudin1 and occludin1 to protect the tightness of intestinal tissue. The gut microbiome analysis demonstrated that DSF treatment helped the gut microbiota of the zebrafish colitis model recover to normal at the phylum and genus levels, especially in terms of pathogenic bacteria; DSF treatment downregulated the relative abundance of Aeromonas hydrophila and Staphylococcus aureus, and it was confirmed in microbiological experiments that DSF could effectively inhibit the colonization and infection of these two pathogens in the intestine. This study suggests that DSF can alleviate colitis by inhibiting the proliferation of intestinal pathogens and inflammatory responses in the intestine. Therefore, DSF has the potential to become a dietary supplement that assists in the antibiotic and nutritional treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiya Yi
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (R.Y.); (B.Y.); (H.Z.); (Y.S.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Bo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (R.Y.); (B.Y.); (H.Z.); (Y.S.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Hongjie Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (R.Y.); (B.Y.); (H.Z.); (Y.S.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (R.Y.); (B.Y.); (H.Z.); (Y.S.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Hailan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (R.Y.); (B.Y.); (H.Z.); (Y.S.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Zhihao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (R.Y.); (B.Y.); (H.Z.); (Y.S.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yongbo Lu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (R.Y.); (B.Y.); (H.Z.); (Y.S.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Ya-Wen He
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Development Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (R.Y.); (B.Y.); (H.Z.); (Y.S.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (Y.L.)
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6
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Yuan J, Meng H, Liu Y, Wang L, Zhu Q, Wang Z, Liu H, Zhang K, Zhao J, Li W, Wang Y. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens attenuates the intestinal permeability, oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress: transcriptome and microbiome analyses in weaned piglets. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1362487. [PMID: 38808274 PMCID: PMC11131103 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1362487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is related to oxidative stress (OS) and leads to intestinal injury. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SC06 (SC06) can regulate OS, but its roles in intestinal ER stress remains unclear. Using a 2 × 2 factorial design, 32 weaned piglets were treated by two SC06 levels (0 or 1 × 108 CFU/g), either with or without diquat (DQ) injection. We found that SC06 increased growth performance, decreased ileal permeability, OS and ER stress in DQ-treated piglets. Transcriptome showed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) induced by DQ were enriched in NF-κB signaling pathway. DEGs between DQ- and SC06 + DQ-treated piglets were enriched in glutathione metabolism pathway. Ileal microbiome revealed that the SC06 + DQ treatment decreased Clostridium and increased Actinobacillus. Correlations were found between microbiota and ER stress genes. In conclusion, dietary SC06 supplementation increased the performance, decreased the permeability, OS and ER stress in weaned piglets by regulating ileal genes and microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmeng Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongling Meng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qizhen Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhengyu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huawei Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jinshan Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Weifen Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
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7
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Sun C, Wang Z, Li Y, Huang J. Antibiotic resistance spectrums of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. strains against commonly used antimicrobials from commercial meat-rabbit farms in Chengdu City, Southwest China. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1369655. [PMID: 38756516 PMCID: PMC11096573 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1369655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is commonly associated with the inappropriate use of antibiotics during meat-rabbit production, posing unpredictable risks to rabbit welfare and public health. However, there is limited research on the epidemiological dynamics of antibiotic resistance among bacteria indicators derived from local healthy meat-rabbits. To bridge the knowledge gap between antibiotic use and AMR distribution, a total of 75 Escherichia coli (E. coli) and 210 Enterococcus spp. strains were successfully recovered from fecal samples of healthy meat-rabbits. The results revealed that diverse AMR phenotypes against seven commonly used antimicrobials, including ampicillin (AMP), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (A/C), doxycycline (DOX), enrofloxacin (ENR), florfenicol (FFC), gentamicin (GEN), and polymycin B (PMB), were observed among most strains of E. coli and Enterococcus spp. in two rabbit farms, although the distribution pattern of antibiotic resistance between young and adult rabbits was similar. Among them, 66 E. coli strains showed resistance against 6 antimicrobials except for PMB. However, 164 Enterococcus spp. strains only exhibited acquired resistance against DOX and GEN. Notably, the DOX-based AMR phenotypes for E. coli and Enterococcus spp. strains were predominant, indicating the existing environmental stress conferred by DOX exposure. The MICs tests suggested elevated level of antibiotic resistance for resistant bacteria. Unexpectedly, all GEN-resistant Enterococcus spp. strains resistant high-level gentamicin (HLGR). By comparison, the blaTEM, tetA, qnrS and floR were highly detected among 35 multi-resistant E. coli strains, and aac[6']-Ie-aph[2']-Ia genes widely spread among the 40 double-resistant Enterococcus spp. strains. Nevertheless, the presence of ARGs were not concordant with the resistant phenotypes for a portion of resistant bacteria. In conclusion, the distribution of AMR and ARGs are prevalent in healthy meat-rabbits, and the therapeutic antimicrobials use in farming practice may promote the antibiotic resistance transmission among indicator bacteria. Therefore, periodic surveillance of antibiotic resistance in geographic locations and supervisory measures for rational antibiotic use are imperative strategies for combating the rising threats posed by antibiotic resistance, as well as maintaining rabbit welfare and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Sun
- College of Animal Husbandary and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziye Wang
- College of Animal Husbandary and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Animal Husbandary and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Qinhai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Huang
- College of Animal Husbandary and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Qinhai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
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Bai M, Wang X, Liu D, Xu A, Cheng H, Li L, Zhang C. Tolypocladium sinense Mycelium Polysaccharide Alleviates Obesity, Lipid Metabolism Disorder, and Inflammation Caused by High Fat Diet via Improving Intestinal Barrier and Modulating Gut Microbiota. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300759. [PMID: 38651284 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Tolypocladium sinense is a fungus isolated from Cordyceps. Cordyceps has some medicinal value and is also a daily health care product. This study explores the preventive effects of T. sinense mycelium polysaccharide (TSMP) on high-fat diet-induced obesity and chronic inflammation in mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, the study establishes an obese mouse model induced by high-fat diet. In this study, the mice are administered TSMP daily basis to evaluate its effect on alleviating obesity. The results show that TSMP can significantly inhibit obesity and alleviate dyslipidemia by regulating the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes such as liver kinase B1 (LKB1), phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (pAMPK), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α (PPARα), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR) in the liver. TSMP can increase the protein expression of zona occludens-1 (ZO-1), Occludin, and Claudin-1 in the colon, improve the intestinal barrier dysfunction, and reduce the level of serum LPS, thereby reducing the inflammatory response. 16S rDNA sequencing shows that TSMP alters the intestinal microbiota by increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia, Lactobacillus, and Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group, while decreasing the relative abundance of Faecalibaculum. CONCLUSION The findings show that TSMP can inhibit obesity and alleviates obesity-related lipid metabolism disorders, inflammatory responses, and oxidative stress by modulating the gut microbiota and improving intestinal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjian Bai
- Department of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, 161006, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Dongyang Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Aofeng Xu
- Special Medical Service Department Section Four, People's Liberation Army Strategic Support Force, Characteristics Medical Center, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Qiqihar Medical University Clinical Department, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, 161006, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, 161006, China
| | - Chunjing Zhang
- Department of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, 161006, China
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9
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Zong J, Yang Y, Wang H, Zhang H, Yang X, Yang X. The two-directional prospective association between inflammatory bowel disease and neurodegenerative disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis based on longitudinal studies. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1325908. [PMID: 38720896 PMCID: PMC11076839 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1325908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Previous studies reported possible connections between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and several neurodegenerative disorders. However, the comprehensive relationships between IBD and various neurodegenerative disorders were not summarized. We executed a meta-analysis of longitudinal studies to provide an estimate of the strength of the two-directional prospective association between IBD and neurodegenerative disorders. Methods We accomplished a thorough bibliographic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library databases until June 2023 to locate relevant longitudinal studies. The extracted data were then analyzed via meta-analysis using either a fixed or random effects model. Results The final analysis encompassed 27 studies. Individuals with IBD faced an increased risk of developing four neurodegenerative disorders than the general public, namely, Alzheimer's disease (hazard ratio[HR] = 1.35, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03-1.77, P=0.031), dementia (HR =1.24, 95% CI: 1.13-1.36, P<0.001), multiple sclerosis (HR =2.07, 95% CI:1.42-3.02, P<0.001) and Parkinson's disease (HR =1.23, 95% CI:1.10-1.38, P<0.001). Two articles reported an increased incidence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or multiple system atrophy in IBD patients. Three studies investigated the prospective association between multiple sclerosis and IBD, revealing an elevated risk of the latter in patients with the former. (HR=1.87, 95% CI:1.66-2.10, P<0.001). Interpretation These findings verified the two-directional relationship between the brain-gut axis, specifically demonstrating a heightened risk of various neurodegenerative diseases among IBD patients. It may be profitable to prepare screening strategies for IBD patients to find neurodegenerative diseases during the long-term course of treatment for IBD with a view to potential earlier diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, reducing public health and social burden. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO (CRD42023437553).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Zong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Shandong, China
- Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Shandong, China
- Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Huipeng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Shandong, China
- Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaorong Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Shandong, China
- Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Clinical Research Center of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyun Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Shandong, China
- Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Clinical Research Center of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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10
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Mizoguchi E, Sadanaga T, Nanni L, Wang S, Mizoguchi A. Recently Updated Role of Chitinase 3-like 1 on Various Cell Types as a Major Influencer of Chronic Inflammation. Cells 2024; 13:678. [PMID: 38667293 PMCID: PMC11049018 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chitinase 3-like 1 (also known as CHI3L1 or YKL-40) is a mammalian chitinase that has no enzymatic activity, but has the ability to bind to chitin, the polymer of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). Chitin is a component of fungi, crustaceans, arthropods including insects and mites, and parasites, but it is completely absent from mammals, including humans and mice. In general, chitin-containing organisms produce mammalian chitinases, such as CHI3L1, to protect the body from exogenous pathogens as well as hostile environments, and it was thought that it had a similar effect in mammals. However, recent studies have revealed that CHI3L1 plays a pathophysiological role by inducing anti-apoptotic activity in epithelial cells and macrophages. Under chronic inflammatory conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, many groups already confirmed that the expression of CHI3L1 is significantly induced on the apical side of epithelial cells, and activates many downstream pathways involved in inflammation and carcinogenesis. In this review article, we summarize the expression of CHI3L1 under chronic inflammatory conditions in various disorders and discuss the potential roles of CHI3L1 in those disorders on various cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiko Mizoguchi
- Department of Immunology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.S.); (S.W.); (A.M.)
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Takayuki Sadanaga
- Department of Immunology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.S.); (S.W.); (A.M.)
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Linda Nanni
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Department of Immunology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.S.); (S.W.); (A.M.)
| | - Atsushi Mizoguchi
- Department of Immunology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.S.); (S.W.); (A.M.)
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11
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Wang H, Kim R, Wang Y, Furtado KL, Sims CE, Tamayo R, Allbritton NL. In vitro co-culture of Clostridium scindens with primary human colonic epithelium protects the epithelium against Staphylococcus aureus. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1382389. [PMID: 38681959 PMCID: PMC11045926 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1382389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
A complex and dynamic network of interactions exists between human gastrointestinal epithelium and intestinal microbiota. Therefore, comprehending intestinal microbe-epithelial cell interactions is critical for the understanding and treatment of intestinal diseases. Primary human colonic epithelial cells derived from a healthy human donor were co-cultured with Clostridium scindens (C. scindens), a probiotic obligate anaerobe; Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), a facultative anaerobe and intestinal pathogen; or both bacterial species in tandem. The co-culture hanging basket platform used for these experiments possessed walls of controlled oxygen (O2) permeability to support the formation of an O2 gradient across the intestinal epithelium using cellular O2 consumption, resulting in an anaerobic luminal and aerobic basal compartment. Both the colonic epithelial cells and C. scindens remained viable over 48 h during co-culture. In contrast, co-culture with S. aureus elicited significant damage to colonic epithelial cells within 24 h. To explore the influence of the intestinal pathogen on the epithelium in the presence of the probiotic bacteria, colonic epithelial cells were inoculated sequentially with the two bacterial species. Under these conditions, C. scindens was capable of repressing the production of S. aureus enterotoxin. Surprisingly, although C. scindens converted cholic acid to secondary bile acids in the luminal medium, the growth of S. aureus was not significantly inhibited. Nevertheless, this combination of probiotic and pathogenic bacteria was found to benefit the survival of the colonic epithelial cells compared with co-culture of the epithelial cells with S. aureus alone. This platform thus provides an easy-to-use and low-cost tool to study the interaction between intestinal bacteria and colonic cells in vitro to better understand the interplay of intestinal microbiota with human colonic epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Raehyun Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuli Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kathleen L. Furtado
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Christopher E. Sims
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Medicine/Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Rita Tamayo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Nancy L. Allbritton
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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12
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Liu Y, Robinson AM, Su XQ, Nurgali K. Krill Oil and Its Bioactive Components as a Potential Therapy for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Insights from In Vivo and In Vitro Studies. Biomolecules 2024; 14:447. [PMID: 38672464 PMCID: PMC11048140 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Krill oil is extracted from krill, a small crustacean in the Antarctic Ocean. It has received growing attention because of krill oil's unique properties and diverse health benefits. Recent experimental and clinical studies suggest that it has potential therapeutic benefits in preventing the development of a range of chronic conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Krill oil is enriched with long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, and the potent antioxidant astaxanthin, contributing to its therapeutic properties. The possible underlying mechanisms of krill oil's health benefits include anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions, maintaining intestinal barrier functions, and modulating gut microbiota. This review aims to provide an overview of the beneficial effects of krill oil and its bioactive components on intestinal inflammation and to discuss the findings on the molecular mechanisms associated with the role of krill oil in IBD prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Liu
- Institute for Health & Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia; (Y.L.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Ainsley M. Robinson
- Institute for Health & Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia; (Y.L.); (A.M.R.)
- School of Rural Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Department of Medicine Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Xiao Qun Su
- Institute for Health & Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia; (Y.L.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Kulmira Nurgali
- Institute for Health & Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia; (Y.L.); (A.M.R.)
- Department of Medicine Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells Program, Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia
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13
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Chen H, Li Q, Gao T, Wang Y, Ren X, Liu S, Zhang S, Zhou P, Lyu J, Bai H, Wang Y. Causal role of immune cells in inflammatory bowel disease: A Mendelian randomization study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37537. [PMID: 38579066 PMCID: PMC10994490 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by an inflammatory response closely related to the immune system, but the relationship between inflammation and IBD remains unclear. We performed a comprehensive 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to determine the causal relationship between immune cell characteristics and IBD. Using publicly available genetic data, we explored the relationship between 731 immune cell characteristics and IBD risk. Inverse-variance weighting was the primary analytical method. To test the robustness of the results, we used the weighted median-based, MR-Egger, simple mode, and mode-based methods. Finally, we performed a reverse MR analysis to assess the possibility of reverse causality. We identified suggestive associations between 2 immune cell traits and IBD risk (P = 4.18 × 10-5 for human leukocyte antigen-DR on CD14+ monocytes, OR: 0.902; 95% CI: 0.859-0.947; for CD39+ CD4+ T cells, P = 6.24 × 10-5; OR: 1.042; 95% CI: 1.021-1.063). Sensitivity analysis results of these immune cell traits were consistent. In reverse MR analysis, we found no statistically significant association between IBD and these 2 cell traits. Our study demonstrates the close connection between immune cells and IBD using MR, providing guidance for future clinical and basic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Chen
- School of Graduate, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Hebei, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qi Li
- School of Graduate, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Hebei, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Tianyu Gao
- School of Graduate, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Hebei, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuhua Wang
- School of Graduate, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Hebei, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xuetong Ren
- School of Graduate, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Hebei, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shaowei Liu
- School of Graduate, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Hebei, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shixiong Zhang
- School of Graduate, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pingping Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jingjing Lyu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Haiyan Bai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yangang Wang
- School of Graduate, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Hebei, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
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14
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Gan Q, Song G, Fang W, Wang Y, Qi W. Fructose dose-dependently influences colon barrier function by regulation of some main physical, immune, and biological factors in rats. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 126:109582. [PMID: 38242179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Little is known about the effects of fructose on colonic function. Here, forty-eight 7-week-old male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups and given 0, 7.5%, 12.75%, and 35% fructose in diet for 8 weeks respectively to investigate the regulatory influence of fructose on colonic barrier function. The exact amount of fructose intake was tracked and recorded. We showed that fructose affects colonic barrier function in a dose-dependent manner. High-fructose at a dose of 1.69±0.23 g/kg/day could damage the physical barrier function of the colon by down-regulating expression of tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and occludin) and mucus layer biomarkers (MUC2 and TFF3). High fructose reduced sIgA and the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10), induced abdominal fat accumulation and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-8), leading to colon inflammation and immune barrier dysfunction. In addition, high-fructose altered the biological barrier of the colon by decreasing the abundance of Blautia, Ruminococcus, and Lactobacillius, and increasing the abundance of Allobaculum at the genus level, leading to a reduction in short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), amino acids, and carbohydrates, etc. Low fructose at a dose of 0.31±0.05 g/kg/day showed no adverse effects on the colonic barrier. The ability of fructose to affect the colonic barrier through physical, immune, and biological pathways provides additional insight into the intestinal disorders caused by high-fructose diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyun Gan
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China;; Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Ge Song
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Fang
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Wentao Qi
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China;; Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing, China.
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15
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Xiao J, Guo X, Wang Z. Crosstalk between hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and short-chain fatty acids in inflammatory bowel disease: key clues toward unraveling the mystery. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1385907. [PMID: 38605960 PMCID: PMC11007100 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1385907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The human intestinal tract constitutes a complex ecosystem, made up of countless gut microbiota, metabolites, and immune cells, with hypoxia being a fundamental environmental characteristic of this ecology. Under normal physiological conditions, a delicate balance exists among these complex "residents", with disruptions potentially leading to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The core pathology of IBD features a disrupted intestinal epithelial barrier, alongside evident immune and microecological disturbances. Central to these interconnected networks is hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), which is a key regulator in gut cells for adapting to hypoxic conditions and maintaining gut homeostasis. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), as pivotal gut metabolites, serve as vital mediators between the host and microbiota, and significantly influence intestinal ecosystem. Recent years have seen a surge in research on the roles and therapeutic potential of HIF-1α and SCFAs in IBD independently, yet reviews on HIF-1α-mediated SCFAs regulation of IBD under hypoxic conditions are scarce. This article summarizes evidence of the interplay and regulatory relationship between SCFAs and HIF-1α in IBD, pivotal for elucidating the disease's pathogenesis and offering promising therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyin Xiao
- Graduate School, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Department of Anorectal, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xiajun Guo
- Department of Geriatric, the First People’s Hospital of Xiangtan City, Xiangtan, China
| | - Zhenquan Wang
- Department of Anorectal, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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16
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Huang H, Gan C, Cai Y, Wu L. Immunological relationship between Helicobacter pylori and anti-tumor necrosis factor α agents in inflammatory bowel disease. Cent Eur J Immunol 2024; 49:70-76. [PMID: 38812600 PMCID: PMC11130987 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2024.136376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of diseases characterized by refractory and chronic inflammation of the bowel, which can be treated with biologics in clinical practice. Anti-tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) agents, which are among the most widely used biologics, alleviate the inflammatory activity in a variety of ways. Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the gastric mucosa, which could cause chronic inflammation and even induce gastric cancer. However, it has been suggested that H. pylori has a potential protective role in IBD patients. Yet there has been limited research on the mechanisms of the effect of H. pylori infection in IBD patients, and whether there is an interaction between H. pylori and anti-TNF-α agents. This review aims to summarize the possible mechanisms of H. pylori and anti-TNF-α agents in the development and treatment of IBD, and to explore the possible interaction between H. pylori infection and anti-TNF-α agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Huang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, China
| | - Chenxiao Gan
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, China
| | - Yan Cai
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, China
- Key Laboratory of Blood-stasis-toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine “Preventing Disease” Wisdom Health Project Research Center of Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingkang Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, China
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17
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Yang X, He Z, Dong Q, Nai S, Duan X, Yu J, Zhao N, Du X, Chen L. Btbd8 deficiency reduces susceptibility to colitis by enhancing intestinal barrier function and suppressing inflammation. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1382661. [PMID: 38558797 PMCID: PMC10978791 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1382661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction BTBD8 has been identified as a susceptible gene for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). However, the function of BTBD8 in normal development and IBD pathogenesis remains unknown. Methods We administered drinking water with 3% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to wild-type (WT) and Btbd8 knockout (KO) mice for seven consecutive days to induce IBD. Subsequently, we further examined whether Btbd8 KO affects intestinal barrier and inflammation. Results We demonstrated that Btbd8 deficiency partially protects mice from DSS-induced IBD, even though no obvious phenotypes were observed in Btbd8 KO mice. Btbd8 deletion leads to strengthened tight junctions between intestinal epithelial cells, elevated intestinal stem cell activity, and enhanced mucus layer. All these three mechanisms work together to improve the intestinal barrier integrity in Btbd8 KO mice. In addition, Btbd8 deficiency mitigates inflammation by reducing the expression of IL-1β and IL-6 by macrophages. Discussion Our studies validate the crucial role of Btbd8 in IBD pathogenesis, and reveal that Btbd8 deficiency may ameliorate DSS-induced IBD through improving the intestinal barrier integrity, as well as suppressing inflammatory response mediated by macrophages. These findings suggest that Btbd8 could be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lingyi Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biology Education and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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18
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Wang L, Li M, Gu Y, Shi J, Yan J, Wang X, Li B, Wang B, Zhong W, Cao H. Dietary flavonoids-microbiota crosstalk in intestinal inflammation and carcinogenesis. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 125:109494. [PMID: 37866426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is currently the third leading cancer and commonly develops from chronic intestinal inflammation. A strong association was found between gut microbiota and intestinal inflammation and carcinogenic risk. Flavonoids, which are abundant in vegetables and fruits, can inhibit inflammation, regulate gut microbiota, protect gut barrier integrity, and modulate immune cell function, thereby attenuating colitis and preventing carcinogenesis. Upon digestion, about 90% of flavonoids are transported to the colon without being absorbed in the small intestine. This phenomenon increases the abundance of beneficial bacteria and enhances the production of short-chain fatty acids. The gut microbe further metabolizes these flavonoids. Interestingly, some metabolites of flavonoids play crucial roles in anti-inflammation and anti-tumor effects. This review summarizes the modulatory effect of flavonoids on gut microbiota and their metabolism by intestinal microbe under disease conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease, colitis-associated cancer (CAC), and CRC. We focus on dietary flavonoids and microbial interactions in intestinal mucosal barriers as well as intestinal immune cells. Results provide novel insights to better understand the crosstalk between dietary flavonoids and gut microbiota and support the standpoint that dietary flavonoids prevent intestinal inflammation and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Hebei, China
| | - Mengfan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Junli Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Hebei, China
| | - Jing Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China; Department of Nutrition, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Bingqing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Hebei, China
| | - Bangmao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Weilong Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China.
| | - Hailong Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China.
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Zhang X, Wen X, Zhou D, Liang Y, Zhou Z, Chen G, Li W, Gao H, Li N. Lycibarbarspermidine L from the fruit of Lycium barbarum L. recovers intestinal barrier damage via regulating miR-195-3p. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 320:117419. [PMID: 37977423 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The fruit of Lycium barbarum L. is widely employed with the traditional effect of tonic properties. According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, Gou Qi can be distributed in the meridian of stomach, as well as the liver and kidney, indicating its effect on the digestive system. Clinical studies found that Gou Qi enhanced gastrointestinal functions. Pharmacological research showed the extract of Lycium barbarum exhibiting a repaired effect on the intestine barrier. Lycibarbarspermidine L (LBS L), which belongs to polyamines, is separated from the fruit of Lycium barbarum. However, it is unknown whether LBS L can restore damaged intestinal barrier like other polyamines such as spermidine. AIM OF THE STUDY To elucidate the recovery effect of LBS L on damaged intestinal epithelium and its miRNA-related mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS IEC-6 cells were used in vitro to assess the therapeutic effect of LBS L on the injured intestine and the regulation of miR-195-3p. Spermidine (SPD) with intestinal mucosal repair effect was used as a positive control. Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were subjected to 48 h fasting to induce intestinal epithelial atrophy in vivo. To determine the therapeutic effect of LBS L on injured intestinal epithelium and explore the mechanism, the fasting model group rats were treated with LBS L (25 mg/kg) for 4 days. RESULTS Results in vitro showed that LBS L (10 μM) promoted cell proliferation and migration, affecting the S phase of the cell cycle. Western blot signals showed that LBS L raised the expression level of occludin. The miR-195-3p levels were decreased following LBS L treatment, which could be inversed by transfecting miR-195-3p mimic, demonstrating that LBS L inhibited miR-195-3p to improve cell growth. Results in vivo showed that LBS L could reverse the atrophic villi and inflammatory cell infiltration in the submucosa and restore miR-195-3p, occludin, and Ki67 levels in the intestine of mice in the fasting group. CONCLUSIONS LBS L restores injured intestinal epithelium by reducing the expression of miR-195-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueni Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Innovative Traditional Chinese Medicine for Major Chronic Diseases of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
| | - Xiaoyan Wen
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Innovative Traditional Chinese Medicine for Major Chronic Diseases of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
| | - Di Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Innovative Traditional Chinese Medicine for Major Chronic Diseases of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
| | - Yuhang Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
| | - Zhengqun Zhou
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China.
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Innovative Traditional Chinese Medicine for Major Chronic Diseases of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
| | - Wei Li
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan.
| | - Hao Gao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China.
| | - Ning Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Innovative Traditional Chinese Medicine for Major Chronic Diseases of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
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20
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Wang K, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Xue J, Wang H, Tan X, Jiao X, Jiang H. The recovery of intestinal barrier function and changes in oral microbiota after radiation therapy injury. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 13:1288666. [PMID: 38384432 PMCID: PMC10879579 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1288666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignant tumor, and neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy is usually recommended for advanced stage colorectal cancer. Radiotherapy can cause damage to intestinal mucosal barrier, which may be related to perioperative complications. Intestinal microbiota is one of the constituents of the intestinal mucosal biological barrier, and literature reports that patients with CRC have changes in corresponding oral microbiota. This study aims to analyze the levels of immunoglobulin SIgA, inflammatory factors, lymphocyte subsets quantity, and proportion in surgical specimens of intestinal mucosa at different time intervals after radiotherapy, in order to seek investigation for the optimal surgical time after radiotherapy and to provide evidence for finding probiotics or immunomodulators through high-throughput sequencing of bacterial 16s rRNA in patients' saliva microbiota. Ultimately, this may provide new ideas for reducing perioperative complications caused by radiotherapy-induced intestinal damage. Methods We selected intestinal mucosal tissue and saliva samples from over 40 patients in our center who did not undergo radiotherapy and underwent surgery at different time intervals after radiotherapy. Detection of SIgA was performed using ELISA assay. Western Blotting was used to detect IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 in the intestinal mucosal tissue. Flow cytometry was used to detect CD4 and CD8. And the microbial community changes in saliva samples were detected through 16s rRNA sequencing. Results After radiotherapy, changes in SIgA, various cytokines, CD4CD8 lymphocyte subsets, and oral microbiota in the intestinal mucosal tissue of rectal cancer patients may occur. Over time, this change may gradually recover. Discussion In colorectal cancer, oncological aspects often receive more attention, while studies focusing on the intestinal mucosal barrier are less common. This study aims to understand the repair mechanisms of the intestinal mucosal barrier and reduce complications arising from radiotherapy-induced damage. The relationship between oral microbiota and systemic diseases has gained interest in recent years. However, the literature on the oral microbiota after radiotherapy for rectal cancer remains scarce. This study addresses this gap by analysing changes in the salivary microbiota of rectal cancer patients before and after radiotherapy, shedding light on microbiota changes. It aims to lay the groundwork for identifying suitable probiotics or immunomodulators to alleviate perioperative complications and improve the prognosis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yihao Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Junze Xue
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - He Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaojie Tan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuelong Jiao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Haitao Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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21
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Jin J, Tang Y, Cao L, Wang X, Chen Y, An G, Zhang H, Pan G, Bao J, Zhou Z. Microsporidia persistence in host impairs epithelial barriers and increases chances of inflammatory bowel disease. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0361023. [PMID: 38149855 PMCID: PMC10846195 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03610-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Microsporidia are intracellular fungus-like pathogens and the infection symptoms include recurrent diarrhea and systematic inflammations. The major infection route of microsporidia is the digestive tract. Since microsporidia are hard to fully eliminate, the interactions and persistence of the pathogen within epithelium may modulate host susceptibility to digestive disorders. In this study, both in vitro and in vivo infection models were applied. The alterations of epithelial barrier integrity, permeability, and tight junction proteins after microsporidia infection were assessed on MDCK/Caco-2 monolayers. The fecal intestinal microbiota and tissue alterations after microsporidia infection were assessed on C57BL/6 mice. Moreover, the susceptibility to develop dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) was also analyzed by the murine infection model. The results demonstrated that microsporidia infection increased epithelium permeability, weakened wound healing capability, and destructed tight junction protein zonula occludens-1. Microsporidia infection also dysregulates intestinal microbiota. These impairing effects of microsporidia increased host vulnerability to develop enteritis as shown by the murine model of DSS-induced IBD. Our study is the first to elucidate molecular mechanisms of the damaging effects of microsporidia on host epithelium and pointed out the cryptic threats of latent microsporidia infection to public health as reflected by the increased chances of developing more severe diseases.IMPORTANCEMicrosporidia are widely present in nature and usually cause latent and persistent infections in hosts. Given the fact that the digestive tract is the major infection route, it is of great importance to explore the consequences of microsporidia infection on the intestinal epithelial barrier and the risks to the host. In this study, we demonstrated the destructing effects of microsporidium infection on epithelial barriers manifested as increased epithelial permeability, weakened wound healing ability, and disrupted tight junctions. Moreover, microsporidia made the host more susceptible to dextran sulfate sodium-induced inflammatory bowel disease. These findings provide new evidence for us to better understand and develop novel strategies for microsporidia prevention and disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangyan Jin
- The State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunlin Tang
- The State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Cao
- The State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xue Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yebo Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guozhen An
- The State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huarui Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guoqing Pan
- The State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jialing Bao
- The State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zeyang Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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22
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Li S, Qian Q, Yang H, Wu Z, Xie Y, Yin Y, Cui Y, Li X. Fucoidan alleviated dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis with improved intestinal barrier, reshaped gut microbiota composition, and promoted autophagy in male C57BL/6 mice. Nutr Res 2024; 122:1-18. [PMID: 38064857 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Although previous research has unveiled the remedial effects of fucoidan, an extract from marine algae, on ulcerative colitis (UC), the precise mechanisms remain elusive. Animal studies have suggested a connection between autophagy and the beneficial influences of fucoidan intervention. We hypothesized that fucoidan's alleviative effects on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC could be ascribed to autophagy. For our study, we chose 36 male C57BL/6 mice and administered 100 or 400 mg/(kg/body weight/day) of fucoidan via gavage for 5 consecutive weeks. During the last week, the mice were given 3% DSS in drinking water to induce UC. In contrast to the DSS-induced UC model, fucoidan intervention prevented DSS-induced body weight loss, mitigated colon shortening, improved colon mucosa damage, enhanced the intestinal barrier, and reduced serum inflammatory factor concentrations. Furthermore, fucoidan intervention reshaped the gut microbiota compositions, increased the relative abundance of Bacteroidota, Muribaculaceae_unclassified, Clostridiales_unclassified, and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, and decreased the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Escherichia-Shigella, which led to a lower Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio. Additionally, fucoidan treatment enhanced autophagy, as evidenced by upregulated protein expressions of BECLIN1, ATG5, ATG7, and an increased microtubule-associated-proteinlight-chain-3-II/microtubule-associated-proteinlight-chain-3-I ratio. Our findings corroborated the ameliorating effects of fucoidan intervention on DSS-induced UC through autophagy activation, reorganization of gut microbiota, and fortification of the intestinal barrier. This lends support to the therapeutic potential of fucoidan as a natural bioactive ingredient for future UC treatments in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilan Li
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Qingfan Qian
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Hao Yang
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Zhengli Wu
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Yisha Xie
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Yan Yin
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Cui
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Xinli Li
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
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23
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Zhang Y, Xu L, Tao Q, Liu Z, Wen J, Xu T, Lai S, Ai Y, Xu Z, Zhu L. The immunity protection of intestine induced by pseudorabies virus del gI/gE/TK in piglets. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1295524. [PMID: 38249453 PMCID: PMC10796999 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1295524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Compared to the classical strain of Pseudorabies virus (PRV), the PRV variant exhibits stronger transmissibility and pathogenicity, causing immense disasters for the global pig industry. Based on this variant, our laboratory has preliminarily constructed a modified pseudorabies virus with deletions in the gE/gI/TK genes. In this study, the protective efficacy of PRV XJ del gI/gE/TK against piglet intestinal damage was evaluated. The results demonstrated that piglets immunized with PRV XJ del gI/gE/TK exhibited alleviated intestinal damage caused by the PRV XJ variant strain. This included reduced viral load, suppressed inflammation, and maintenance of intestinal structure and function. Additionally, PRV XJ del gI/gE/TK also strongly activated the innate immune response in the intestines, increasing the expression of antiviral factor mRNA and the secretion of SIgA to counteract the attack of the PRV XJ variant strain. Our study indicates that PRV XJ del gI/gE/TK can inhibit intestinal damage caused by PRV XJ variant strain and activate the innate immune response in the intestines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Tao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zheyan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianhua Wen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tong Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyuan Lai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanru Ai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
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24
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Hartikainen AK, Khan I, Karjalainen EK, Renkonen-Sinisalo L, Arkkila P, Jalanka J, Lepistö AH, Satokari R. Microbiota and mucosal gene expression of fecal microbiota transplantation or placebo treated patients with chronic pouchitis. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2295445. [PMID: 38214604 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2295445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Altered microbiota and impaired host immune function have been linked to the pathogenesis of pouchitis. We used 16S rRNA gene sequencing and RNA sequencing data from a previous randomized clinical trial (RCT) on fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) therapy in 26 chronic pouchitis patients with one-year follow-up. We analyzed changes in both luminal and mucosal microbiota composition, as well as in host mucosal gene expression to gain insights into the host-microbiota interactions possibly underlying clinical outcomes of the patients. Antibiotic type and pattern of use were significant drivers of the luminal microbiota at baseline. Differential gene expression analysis indicated transition from ileal to colonic gene expression in the pouch, and upregulation in inflammation- and immune system-related pathways in the pouch. At 4 weeks, the non-relapsed FMT patients had a lower microbiota dissimilarity to the donor than the non-relapsed placebo patients (p = .02). While two FMT-treated patients showed a shift toward the donor's microbiota during the one-year follow-up, the overall FMT microbiota modulation effect was low. Patient's luminal and mucosal microbiota profiles were unstable in both FMT and placebo groups. Expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 was downregulated at 52 weeks compared to the baseline in the non-relapsed patients in both FMT and placebo groups. Microbiota modulation by FMT seems to be low in this patient group. The microbiota composition or alterations did not explain the relapse status of the patients. Some evidence for remission-related host gene expression pattern was found; specifically, CXCR4 expression may have a role in sustained remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K Hartikainen
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Imran Khan
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Essi K Karjalainen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Laura Renkonen-Sinisalo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Perttu Arkkila
- Department of Gastroenterology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jonna Jalanka
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna H Lepistö
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Reetta Satokari
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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25
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Lun J, Guo J, Yu M, Zhang H, Fang J. Circular RNAs in inflammatory bowel disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1307985. [PMID: 38187401 PMCID: PMC10771839 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1307985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a term encompassing a few chronic inflammatory disorders that leads to damage of the intestinal tract. Although much progress has been made in understanding the pathology of IBD, the precise pathogenesis is not completely understood. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are single-stranded, covalently closed, endogenous molecules in eukaryotes with a variety of biological functions. CircRNAs have been shown to have regulatory effects in many diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurological disorders. CircRNAs have also been found to play important roles in IBD, and although they are not sufficiently investigated in the context of IBD, a few circRNAs have been identified as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of IBD and as potential therapeutic targets for IBD. Herein, we survey recent progress in understanding the functions and roles of circRNAs in IBD and discuss their potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lun
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengchao Yu
- Central Laboratories, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Fang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, China
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26
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Richie TG, Heeren L, Kamke A, Monk K, Pogranichniy S, Summers T, Wiechman H, Ran Q, Sarkar S, Plattner BL, Lee STM. Limitation of amino acid availability by bacterial populations during enhanced colitis in IBD mouse model. mSystems 2023; 8:e0070323. [PMID: 37909786 PMCID: PMC10746178 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00703-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with an increase in Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus species; however, the specific mechanisms are unclear. Previous research has reported the associations between microbiota and inflammation, here we investigate potential pathways that specific bacteria populations use to drive gut inflammation. Richie et al. show that these bacterial populations utilize an alternate sulfur metabolism and are tolerant of host-derived immune-response products. These metabolic pathways drive host gut inflammation and fuel over colonization of these pathobionts in the dysbiotic colon. Cultured isolates from dysbiotic mice indicated faster growth supplemented with L-cysteine, showing these microbes can utilize essential host nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanner G. Richie
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Leah Heeren
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Abigail Kamke
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Kourtney Monk
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | | | - Trey Summers
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Hallie Wiechman
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Qinghong Ran
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Soumyadev Sarkar
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Brandon L. Plattner
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Sonny T. M. Lee
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
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27
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He W, Wang J, Han M, Wang L, Li L, Zhang J, Chen S, Guo J, Zhai X, Yang J. Potential Toxicity and Mechanisms of T-2 and HT-2 Individually or in Combination on the Intestinal Barrier Function of Porcine Small Intestinal Epithelial Cells. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:682. [PMID: 38133186 PMCID: PMC10748202 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15120682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Under natural conditions, T-2 toxin can be easily metabolized to HT-2 toxin by deacetylation, and T-2 and HT-2 are usually co-contaminated in grain and feed at a high detected rate. Our previous information indicated that T-2 toxin could injure the function of the intestinal barrier, but the combined toxicity and mechanism of T-2 and HT-2 on the intestinal cells of porcines are still unknown. Therefore, we aimed to explore T-2 and HT-2 individually and combined on cellular viability, cell membrane integrity, the expression of tight junction-related proteins, and the generation of inflammatory factors in porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2). The results showed that T-2 and HT-2, individually or in combination, could induce a decrease in cell viability, an increase in LDH release and IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α generation, and a decrease in the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10. Based on the analysis of immunofluorescence staining, real-time PCR, and western blotting, the tight junction protein expressions of Claudin-1, Occludin, and ZO-1 were significantly decreased in the T-2 and HT-2 individual or combination treated groups compared with the control. Furthermore, all the parameter changes in the T-2 + HT-2 combination group were much more serious than those in the individual dose groups. These results suggest that T-2 and HT-2, individually and in combination, could induce an intestinal function injury related to an inflammatory response and damage to the intestinal barrier function in porcine intestinal epithelial cells. Additionally, T-2 and HT-2 in combination showed a synergistic toxic effect, which will provide a theoretical basis to assess the risk of T-2 + HT-2 co-contamination in porcine feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua He
- Institute of Pet Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (W.H.); (L.W.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (S.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Institute for Agri-Food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (J.W.); (M.H.)
| | - Mengyi Han
- Institute for Agri-Food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (J.W.); (M.H.)
| | - Lihua Wang
- Institute of Pet Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (W.H.); (L.W.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (S.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Ling Li
- Institute of Pet Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (W.H.); (L.W.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (S.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- Institute of Pet Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (W.H.); (L.W.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (S.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Siqi Chen
- Institute of Pet Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (W.H.); (L.W.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (S.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Jiayi Guo
- Institute of Pet Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (W.H.); (L.W.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (S.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Xiaohu Zhai
- Institute of Pet Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (W.H.); (L.W.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (S.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Junhua Yang
- Institute for Agri-Food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (J.W.); (M.H.)
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28
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Gandhi GR, Mohana T, Athesh K, Hillary VE, Vasconcelos ABS, Farias de Franca MN, Montalvão MM, Ceasar SA, Jothi G, Sridharan G, Gurgel RQ, Xu B. Anti-inflammatory natural products modulate interleukins and their related signaling markers in inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review. J Pharm Anal 2023; 13:1408-1428. [PMID: 38223446 PMCID: PMC10785269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
This review aims to identify in vivo studies investigating the potential of plant substances and their natural molecules in managing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Specifically, the objective is to examine the impact of these substances on interleukins and other key inflammatory signaling markers. Relevant articles published up to December 2022 were identified through a search of the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases. The search used keywords including "inflammatory bowel disease", "medicinal plants", "natural molecules", "anti-inflammatory", and "ulcerative colitis", and identified 1,878 potentially relevant articles, of which 89 were included in this review after completion of the selection process. This study provides preclinical data on natural products (NPs) that can potentially treat IBD, including ulcerative colitis. The main actions of these NPs relate to their effects on nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway, the regulation of T helper 17/regulatory T cells balance, and oxidative stress. The ability of these NPs to inhibit intestinal inflammation appears to be dependent on lowering levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-17, via the Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)1, NF-κβ-p65, and STAT3 pathways. In addition, NPs were shown to reduce oxidative stress and the severity of ulcerative colitis, as well as increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes. These actions suggest that NPs represent a promising treatment for IBD, and potentially have greater efficacy and safety than current treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopalsamy Rajiv Gandhi
- Division of Phytochemistry and Drug Design, Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences (Autonomous), Kalamaserry, Kochi, 683104, Kerala, India
| | - Thiruchenduran Mohana
- Department of Biochemistry, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital (MAHER), Maduravoyal, 600095, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kumaraswamy Athesh
- Department of Biochemistry, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli, 620005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Varghese Edwin Hillary
- Division of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences (Autonomous), Kalamaserry, Kochi, 683104, Kerala, India
| | - Alan Bruno Silva Vasconcelos
- Laboratory of Biology and Immunology of Cancer and Leishmania, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Mariana Nobre Farias de Franca
- Laboratory of Biology and Immunology of Cancer and Leishmania, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Campus Prof. João Cardoso Nascimento, Aracaju, CEP 49060.108, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Monalisa Martins Montalvão
- Laboratory of Biology and Immunology of Cancer and Leishmania, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Campus Prof. João Cardoso Nascimento, Aracaju, CEP 49060.108, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Stanislaus Antony Ceasar
- Division of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences (Autonomous), Kalamaserry, Kochi, 683104, Kerala, India
| | - Gnanasekaran Jothi
- Department of Biochemistry, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli, 620005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gurunagarajan Sridharan
- Department of Biochemistry, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli, 620005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ricardo Queiroz Gurgel
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Campus Prof. João Cardoso Nascimento, Aracaju, CEP 49060.108, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Baojun Xu
- Programme of Food Science and Technology, Department of Life Sciences, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519087, China
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Zhang K, Chen J, Liang L, Wang Z, Xiong Q, Yu H, Du H. Lcn2 deficiency accelerates the infection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 by disrupting the intestinal barrier function. Microb Pathog 2023; 185:106435. [PMID: 37931825 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial infections result in intestinal inflammation and injury, which affects gut health and nutrient absorption. Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) is a protein that reacts to microbial invasion, inflammatory responses, and tissue damage. However, it remains unclear whether Lcn2 has a protective effect against bacterial induced intestinal inflammation. Therefore, this study endeavors to investigate the involvement of Lcn2 in the intestinal inflammation of mice infected with Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E. coli O157:H7). Lcn2 knockout (Lcn2-/-) mice were used to evaluate the changes of inflammatory responses. Lcn2 deficiency significantly exacerbated clinical symptoms of E. coli O157:H7 infection by reducing body weight and encouraging bacterial colonization of. Compared to infected wild type mice, infected Lcn2-/- mice had significantly elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum and ileum, including interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), as well as severe villi destruction in the jejunum. Furthermore, Lcn2 deficiency aggravated intestinal barrier degradation by significantly reducing the expression of tight junction proteins occludin and claudin 1, the content of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the ileum, and the number of goblet cells in the colon. Our findings indicated that Lcn2 could alleviate inflammatory damage caused by E. coli O157:H7 infection in mice by enhancing intestinal barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Liang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingqing Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huahua Du
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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He J, Li H, Jia J, Liu Y, Zhang N, Wang R, Qu W, Liu Y, Jia L. Mechanisms by which the intestinal microbiota affects gastrointestinal tumours and therapeutic effects. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2023; 4:45. [PMID: 38032415 PMCID: PMC10689341 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-023-00157-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota is considered to be a forgotten organ in human health and disease. It maintains intestinal homeostasis through various complex mechanisms. A significant body of research has demonstrated notable differences in the gut microbiota of patients with gastrointestinal tumours compared to healthy individuals. Furthermore, the dysregulation of gut microbiota, metabolites produced by gut bacteria, and related signal pathways can partially explain the mechanisms underlying the occurrence and development of gastrointestinal tumours. Therefore, this article summarizes the latest research progress on the gut microbiota and gastrointestinal tumours. Firstly, we provide an overview of the composition and function of the intestinal microbiota and discuss the mechanisms by which the intestinal flora directly or indirectly affects the occurrence and development of gastrointestinal tumours by regulating the immune system, producing bacterial toxins, secreting metabolites. Secondly, we present a detailed analysis of the differences of intestinal microbiota and its pathogenic mechanisms in colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, etc. Lastly, in terms of treatment strategies, we discuss the effects of the intestinal microbiota on the efficacy and toxic side effects of chemotherapy and immunotherapy and address the role of probiotics, prebiotics, FMT and antibiotic in the treatment of gastrointestinal tumours. In summary, this article provides a comprehensive review of the pathogenic mechanisms of and treatment strategies pertaining to the intestinal microbiota in patients with gastrointestinal tumours. And provide a more comprehensive and precise scientific basis for the development of microbiota-based treatments for gastrointestinal tumours and the prevention of such tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jikai He
- Central Laboratory, Bayannur Hospital, Bayannur, 015000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Haijun Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Hohhot, 010017, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jiaqi Jia
- Graduate School of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No. 98 Chengcheng Road, Youjiang District, Baise City, 533000, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Central Laboratory, Bayannur Hospital, Bayannur, 015000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Bayannur Hospital, Bayannur, 015000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Rumeng Wang
- Central Laboratory, Bayannur Hospital, Bayannur, 015000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Wenhao Qu
- Graduate School of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No. 98 Chengcheng Road, Youjiang District, Baise City, 533000, China
| | - Yanqi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot City, 010050, Inner Mongolia, China.
| | - Lizhou Jia
- Central Laboratory, Bayannur Hospital, Bayannur, 015000, Inner Mongolia, China.
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Sun W, Chen Z, Huang Z, Wan A, Zhou M, Gao J. Effects of dietary traditional Chinese medicine residues on growth performance, intestinal health and gut microbiota compositions in weaned piglets. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1283789. [PMID: 38053526 PMCID: PMC10694240 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1283789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Weaning stress can induce diarrhea, intestinal damage and flora disorder of piglets, leading to slow growth and even death of piglets. Traditional Chinese medicine residue contains a variety of active ingredients and nutrients, and its resource utilization has always been a headache. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of traditional Chinese medicine residues (Xiasangju, composed of prunellae spica, mulberry leaves, and chrysanthemum indici flos) on growth performance, diarrhea, immune function, and intestinal health in weaned piglets. Forty-eight healthy Duroc× Landrace × Yorkshire castrated males weaned aged 21 days with similar body conditions were randomly divided into 6 groups with eight replicates of one piglet. The control group was fed a basal diet, the antibiotic control group was supplemented with 75 mg/kg chlortetracycline, and the residue treatment groups were supplemented with 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0% and 4.0% Xiasangju residues. The results showed that dietary Xiasangju residues significantly reduced the average daily feed intake, but reduced the diarrhea score (P < 0.05). The 1.0% and 2.0% Xiasangju residues significantly increased the serum IgM content of piglets, and the 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0% and 4.0% Xiasangju residues significantly increased the serum IgG content, while the 1.0%, 2.0% and 4.0% Xiasangju residues significantly increased the sIgA content of ileal contents (P < 0.05). Dietary Xiasangju residues significantly increased the villus height and the number of villus goblet cells in the jejunum and ileum, and significantly decreased the crypt depth (P<0.05). The relative mRNA expression of IL-10 in the ileum was significantly increased in the 1% and 2% Xiasangju residues supplemented groups (P < 0.05), while IL-1β in the ileum was downregulated (P < 0.05). Xiasangju residues improved the gut tight barrier, as evidenced by the enhanced expression of Occludin and ZO-1 in the jejunum and ileum. The diets with 1% Xiasangju residues significantly increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus johnsonii, and 2% and 4% Xiasangju residues significantly increased the relative abundance of Weissella jogaeotgali (P < 0.05). Dietary supplementation with 0.5%, 1.0%, 2% and 4% with Xiasangju residues significantly decreased the relative abundance of Escherichia coli and Treponema porcinum (P < 0.05). In summary, dietary supplementation with Xiasangju residues improves intestinal health and gut microbiota in weaned piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguang Sun
- Guangzhou Baiyunshan Xingqun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiyun Huang
- Guangzhou Baiyunshan Xingqun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Anfeng Wan
- Guangzhou Baiyunshan Xingqun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Miao Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
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Zheng T, Hao H, Liu Q, Li J, Yao Y, Liu Y, Zhang T, Zhang Z, Yi H. Effect of Extracelluar Vesicles Derived from Akkermansia muciniphila on Intestinal Barrier in Colitis Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:4722. [PMID: 38004116 PMCID: PMC10674789 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and recurrent disease. It has been observed that the incidence and prevalence of IBD are increasing, which consequently raises the risk of developing colon cancer. Recently, the regulation of the intestinal barrier by probiotics has become an effective treatment for colitis. Akkermansia muciniphila-derived extracellular vesicles (Akk EVs) are nano-vesicles that contain multiple bioactive macromolecules with the potential to modulate the intestinal barrier. In this study, we used ultrafiltration in conjunction with high-speed centrifugation to extract Akk EVs. A lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cell model was established to assess the anti-inflammatory effects of Akk EVs. It was found that Akk EVs were able to be absorbed by RAW264.7 cells and significantly reduce the expression of nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α, and IL-1β (p < 0.05). We explored the preventative effects on colitis and the regulating effects on the intestinal barrier using a mouse colitis model caused by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). The findings demonstrated that Akk EVs effectively prevented colitis symptoms and reduced colonic tissue injury. Additionally, Akk EVs significantly enhanced the effectiveness of the intestinal barrier by elevating the expression of MUC2 (0.53 ± 0.07), improving mucus integrity, and reducing intestinal permeability (p < 0.05). Moreover, Akk EVs increased the proportion of the beneficial bacteria Firmicutes (33.01 ± 0.09%) and downregulated the proportion of the harmful bacteria Proteobacteria (0.32 ± 0.27%). These findings suggest that Akk EVs possess the ability to regulate immune responses, protect intestinal barriers, and modulate the gut microbiota. The research presents a potential intervention approach for Akk EVs to prevent colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China; (T.Z.); (H.H.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
| | - Haining Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China; (T.Z.); (H.H.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
| | - Qiqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China; (T.Z.); (H.H.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
| | - Jiankun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China; (T.Z.); (H.H.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
| | - Yukun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China; (T.Z.); (H.H.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
| | - Yisuo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China; (T.Z.); (H.H.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
| | - Tai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China; (T.Z.); (H.H.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China; (T.Z.); (H.H.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.)
| | - Huaxi Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China; (T.Z.); (H.H.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (T.Z.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
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Xiong L, Wang K, Song M, Azad MAK, Zhu Q, Kong X. Dietary Betaine Supplementation Enhances Colonic Barrier Function through the Nrf2/Keap1 and TLR4-NF-κB/MAPK Signaling Pathways and Alters Colonic Microbiota in Bama Mini-Pigs. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1926. [PMID: 38001779 PMCID: PMC10669150 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of betaine supplementation in sows and/or their offspring's diets on the redox status, immune and inflammatory levels, colonic barrier function, and colonic microbial community of offspring piglets. Thirty-six Bama mini-sows on day 3 of gestation and their weaned offspring piglets (28 d of age) were randomly allocated to the following treatments: (1) sows and their weaned offspring fed the basal diet (control group, Con group); (2) sows fed the basal diet with 3.50 kg/t betaine, and their weaned offspring fed the basal diet (sows betaine group, SB group); (3) sows fed the basal diet with 3.50 kg/t betaine, and their weaned offspring fed the basal diet with 2.50 kg/t betaine (sow-offspring betaine group, S-OB group). Six offspring piglets from each group were selected to collect plasma and colon samples on d 30, 60, and 90 after weaning. Compared with the Con group, the plasma levels of IgA, IgM, GSH-Px, and SOD during d 30-90 after weaning, IFN-α, T-AOC, and GSH on d 30 and 60 after weaning were increased, while MDA during d 30-90 after weaning was decreased in the SB and S-OB groups (p < 0.05). In addition, the plasma levels of IFN-γ on d 60 and T-AOC on d 30 after weaning were higher in the S-OB group than those in the Con group (p < 0.05). In the colon, betaine supplementation increased plasma T-AOC, GSH, and SOD levels while decreasing MDA concentration (p < 0.05). Betaine supplementation improved the colonic protein abundances of ZO-1, occludin, and claudin in offspring and activated the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway while inhibiting the TLR4-NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway on d 90 after weaning. The 16S rRNA sequencing results showed that betaine supplementation altered colonic microbiota composition by increasing the relative abundances of Verrucomicrobia and Actinobacteria in the SB group while decreasing proinflammatory-associated microbiota abundances (Tenericutes, Prevotella, and Parabacteroides) (p < 0.05). Collectively, these findings suggest that dietary betaine supplementation in sows and/or their offspring could improve offspring piglets' redox status and immune and anti-inflammatory levels and enhance the colonic barrier function by activating Nrf2/Keap1 and inhibiting TLR4-NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xiong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (L.X.); (K.W.); (M.S.); (M.A.K.A.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Kai Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (L.X.); (K.W.); (M.S.); (M.A.K.A.); (Q.Z.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, China
| | - Mingtong Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (L.X.); (K.W.); (M.S.); (M.A.K.A.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Md. Abul Kalam Azad
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (L.X.); (K.W.); (M.S.); (M.A.K.A.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qian Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (L.X.); (K.W.); (M.S.); (M.A.K.A.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Xiangfeng Kong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (L.X.); (K.W.); (M.S.); (M.A.K.A.); (Q.Z.)
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Yu C, Dong Q, Chen M, Zhao R, Zha L, Zhao Y, Zhang M, Zhang B, Ma A. The Effect of Mushroom Dietary Fiber on the Gut Microbiota and Related Health Benefits: A Review. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:1028. [PMID: 37888284 PMCID: PMC10608147 DOI: 10.3390/jof9101028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mushroom dietary fiber is a type of bioactive macromolecule derived from the mycelia, fruiting bodies, or sclerotia of edible or medicinal fungi. The use of mushroom dietary fiber as a prebiotic has recently gained significant attention for providing health benefits to the host by promoting the growth of beneficial microorganisms; therefore, mushroom dietary fiber has promising prospects for application in the functional food industry and in drug development. This review summarizes methods for the preparation and modification of mushroom dietary fiber, its degradation and metabolism in the intestine, its impact on the gut microbiota community, and the generation of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs); this review also systematically summarizes the beneficial effects of mushroom dietary fiber on host health. Overall, this review aims to provide theoretical guidance and a fresh perspective for the prebiotic application of mushroom dietary fiber in the development of new functional foods and drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changxia Yu
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (C.Y.); (Q.D.); (M.C.); (L.Z.); (M.Z.); (B.Z.)
| | - Qin Dong
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (C.Y.); (Q.D.); (M.C.); (L.Z.); (M.Z.); (B.Z.)
| | - Mingjie Chen
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (C.Y.); (Q.D.); (M.C.); (L.Z.); (M.Z.); (B.Z.)
| | - Ruihua Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China;
| | - Lei Zha
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (C.Y.); (Q.D.); (M.C.); (L.Z.); (M.Z.); (B.Z.)
| | - Yan Zhao
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (C.Y.); (Q.D.); (M.C.); (L.Z.); (M.Z.); (B.Z.)
| | - Mengke Zhang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (C.Y.); (Q.D.); (M.C.); (L.Z.); (M.Z.); (B.Z.)
| | - Baosheng Zhang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (C.Y.); (Q.D.); (M.C.); (L.Z.); (M.Z.); (B.Z.)
| | - Aimin Ma
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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Yan D, Ye S, He Y, Wang S, Xiao Y, Xiang X, Deng M, Luo W, Chen X, Wang X. Fatty acids and lipid mediators in inflammatory bowel disease: from mechanism to treatment. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1286667. [PMID: 37868958 PMCID: PMC10585177 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1286667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. Though the pathogenesis of IBD remains unclear, diet is increasingly recognized as a pivotal factor influencing its onset and progression. Fatty acids, essential components of dietary lipids, play diverse roles in IBD, ranging from anti-inflammatory and immune-regulatory functions to gut-microbiota modulation and barrier maintenance. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), products of indigestible dietary fiber fermentation by gut microbiota, have strong anti-inflammatory properties and are seen as key protective factors against IBD. Among long-chain fatty acids, saturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids, and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids exhibit pro-inflammatory effects, while oleic acid and ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids display anti-inflammatory actions. Lipid mediators derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids serve as bioactive molecules, influencing immune cell functions and offering both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory benefits. Recent research has also highlighted the potential of medium- and very long-chain fatty acids in modulating inflammation, mucosal barriers, and gut microbiota in IBD. Given these insights, dietary intervention and supplementation with short-chain fatty acids are emerging as potential therapeutic strategies for IBD. This review elucidates the impact of various fatty acids and lipid mediators on IBD and delves into potential therapeutic avenues stemming from these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuyu Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Non-Resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yue He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sidan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Non-Resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Non-Resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Minzi Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Non-Resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weiwei Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Non-Resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuejie Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Non-Resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Non-Resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
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36
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Zogorean R, Wirtz S. The yin and yang of B cells in a constant state of battle: intestinal inflammation and inflammatory bowel disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1260266. [PMID: 37849749 PMCID: PMC10577428 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1260266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract, defined by a clinical relapse-remitting course. Affecting people worldwide, the origin of IBD is still undefined, arising as a consequence of the interaction between genes, environment, and microbiota. Although the root cause is difficult to identify, data clearly indicate that dysbiosis and pathogenic microbial taxa are connected with the establishment and clinical course of IBD. The composition of the microbiota is shaped by plasma cell IgA secretion and binding, while cytokines such as IL10 or IFN-γ are important fine-tuners of the immune response in the gastrointestinal environment. B cells may also influence the course of inflammation by promoting either an anti-inflammatory or a pro-inflammatory milieu. Here, we discuss IgA-producing B regulatory cells as an anti-inflammatory factor in intestinal inflammation. Moreover, we specify the context of IgA and IgG as players that can potentially participate in mucosal inflammation. Finally, we discuss the role of B cells in mouse infection models where IL10, IgA, or IgG contribute to the outcome of the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Zogorean
- Medizinische Klinik 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Wirtz
- Medizinische Klinik 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
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37
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Zhou F, Wu NZ, Xie Y, Zhou XJ. Intestinal barrier in inflammatory bowel disease: A bibliometric and knowledge-map analysis. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:5254-5267. [PMID: 37901448 PMCID: PMC10600957 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i36.5254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Barrier surfaces composed of specialized epithelial cells separate the host body from the external environment, and are essential for maintaining proper intestinal physiologic and immune homeostasis. AIM To explore the development trends and research hotspots of intestinal barrier research in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS The publications related to the intestinal barrier in IBD were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection database. Bibliometric analysis and visualization were conducted using VOSviewer, CiteSpace and R software. RESULTS A total of 4482 articles published between 2002 and 2022 were identified. The United States is dominant in intestinal barrier research, whereas the University of Chicago is the most active institution. Jerrold from Harvard Medical School was the most productive authors with the most citations. The journals Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Gastroenterology have made significant contributions in this field. The keywords appearing at high frequency related to the intestinal barrier in IBD were detected, including nuclear factor kappa B, tumor necrosis factor-α, apoptosis, oxidative stress and probiotics. Among them, antioxidants, Akkermansia muciniphila, nanoparticles, short-chain fatty acids and extracellular vesicles have received growing interest in recent research. CONCLUSION The intestinal barrier field is developing rapidly with extensive cooperation. Targeting the gut microbiota and dietary metabolism to regulate the intestinal barrier has shown promising prospective applications and has generated broad interest. The importance of the intestinal barrier in IBD is gradually being fully recognized, providing a new therapeutic perspective for improving inflammation and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Nan-Zhen Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Fengcheng People's Hospital, Fengcheng 331100, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yong Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiao-Jiang Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
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Zhou F, Zhang GD, Tan Y, Hu SA, Tang Q, Pei G. NOD-like receptors mediate homeostatic intestinal epithelial barrier function: promising therapeutic targets for inflammatory bowel disease. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2023; 16:17562848231176889. [PMID: 37701792 PMCID: PMC10493068 DOI: 10.1177/17562848231176889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory disease that involves host genetics, the microbiome, and inflammatory responses. The current consensus is that the disruption of the intestinal mucosal barrier is the core pathogenesis of IBD, including intestinal microbial factors, abnormal immune responses, and impaired intestinal mucosal barrier. Cumulative data show that nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) are dominant mediators in maintaining the homeostasis of the intestinal mucosal barrier, which play critical roles in sensing the commensal microbiota, maintaining homeostasis, and regulating intestinal inflammation. Blocking NLRs inflammasome activation by botanicals may be a promising way to prevent IBD progression. In this review, we systematically introduce the multiple roles of NLRs in regulating intestinal mucosal barrier homeostasis and focus on summarizing the activities and potential mechanisms of natural products against IBD. Aiming to propose new directions on the pathogenesis and precise treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Research of TCM, Education Department of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | | | - Yang Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Science and Technology Innovation Center/State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Chinese Medicine Powder and Innovative Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Shi An Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Prevention and Treatment of Depression Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Qun Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
- Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Gang Pei
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Research of TCM, Education Department of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
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Kumareswaran A, Ekeuku SO, Mohamed N, Muhammad N, Hanafiah A, Pang KL, Wong SK, Chew DCH, Chin KY. The Effects of Tocotrienol on Gut Microbiota: A Scoping Review. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1882. [PMID: 37763286 PMCID: PMC10532613 DOI: 10.3390/life13091882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut dysbiosis has been associated with many chronic diseases, such as obesity, inflammatory bowel disease, and cancer. Gut dysbiosis triggers these diseases through the activation of the immune system by the endotoxins produced by gut microbiota, which leads to systemic inflammation. In addition to pre-/pro-/postbiotics, many natural products can restore healthy gut microbiota composition. Tocotrienol, which is a subfamily of vitamin E, has been demonstrated to have such effects. This scoping review presents an overview of the effects of tocotrienol on gut microbiota according to the existing scientific literature. A literature search to identify relevant studies was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Only original research articles which aligned with the review's objective were examined. Six relevant studies investigating the effects of tocotrienol on gut microbiota were included. All of the studies used animal models to demonstrate that tocotrienol altered the gut microbiota composition, but none demonstrated the mechanism by which this occurred. The studies induced diseases known to be associated with gut dysbiosis in rats. Tocotrienol partially restored the gut microbiota compositions of the diseased rats so that they resembled those of the healthy rats. Tocotrienol also demonstrated strong anti-inflammatory effects in these animals. In conclusion, tocotrienol could exert anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing inflammation directly or partially by altering the gut microbiota composition, thus achieving its therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aswini Kumareswaran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Malaysia; (A.K.); (N.M.); (N.M.); (S.K.W.)
| | - Sophia Ogechi Ekeuku
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Norazlina Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Malaysia; (A.K.); (N.M.); (N.M.); (S.K.W.)
| | - Norliza Muhammad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Malaysia; (A.K.); (N.M.); (N.M.); (S.K.W.)
| | - Alfizah Hanafiah
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Kok-Lun Pang
- Newcastle University Medicine Malaysia, Iskandar Puteri 79200, Malaysia;
| | - Sok Kuan Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Malaysia; (A.K.); (N.M.); (N.M.); (S.K.W.)
| | - Deborah Chia Hsin Chew
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Kok-Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Malaysia; (A.K.); (N.M.); (N.M.); (S.K.W.)
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Zhang H, Sun Y, Fan M, Zhang Y, Liang Z, Zhang L, Gao X, He X, Li X, Zhao D, Sagratini G, Su H, Qi W. Prevention effect of total ginsenosides and ginseng extract from Panax ginseng on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice. Phytother Res 2023; 37:3583-3601. [PMID: 37070654 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Oral decoction is widely applied in traditional Chinese medicines. The polysaccharides of decoction promote the exposure of small molecules and increase their bioavailability. This study mainly compared the component and activities of total ginsenosides (TGS) and ginseng extract (GE) on immunosuppressed mice induced by cyclophosphamide. Thirty-two mice were randomly divided into control, model, TGS, and GE groups. The mice were orally administered for 28 days and then injected with cyclophosphamide on the last four days. The results of component analysis showed the total content of 12 ginsenosides in TGS (67.21%) was higher than GE (2.04%); the total content of 17 amino acids in TGS (1.41%) was lower than GE (5.36%); the total content of 10 monosaccharides was similar in TGS (74.12%) and GE (76.36%). The animal results showed that both TGS and GE protected the hematopoietic function of bone marrow by inhibiting cell apoptosis, and recovering the normal cell cycle of BM; maintained the dynamic balance between the Th1 and Th2 cells; also protected the spleen, thymus, and liver. Meanwhile, TGS and GE protected the intestinal bacteria of immunosuppressed mice by increasing the abundance of lactobacillus and decreasing the abundance of the odoribacter and clostridia_UCG-014. The prevention effect of GE was superior to TGS in some parameters. In conclusion, TGS and GE protected the immune function of immunosuppressed mice induced by cyclophosphamide. Meanwhile, GE showed higher bioavailability and bioactivity compared with TGS, because the synergistic effect of polysaccharides and ginsenosides plays an important role in protecting the immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zhang
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of BioMacromolecules of Chinese Medicine; Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yue Sun
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Meiling Fan
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yuyao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of BioMacromolecules of Chinese Medicine; Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Zuguo Liang
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Lancao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of BioMacromolecules of Chinese Medicine; Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xinzhu He
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of BioMacromolecules of Chinese Medicine; Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Daqing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of BioMacromolecules of Chinese Medicine; Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | | | - Hang Su
- Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of BioMacromolecules of Chinese Medicine; Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Wenxiu Qi
- Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of BioMacromolecules of Chinese Medicine; Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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41
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Liu Y, Liao F. Vaccination therapy for inflammatory bowel disease. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2259418. [PMID: 37771317 PMCID: PMC10543345 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2259418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, several novel medications, such as Ustekinumab, Infliximab, and Vedolizumab, have emerged as potential options for inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) management. Despite achieving some effects in clinical applications, these therapies are still plagued by inadequate response rates and adverse side effects. With rapid progress in immunological research, therapeutic vaccines are gaining traction as an alternative. These vaccines aim to activate the body's immune system to generate specific antibodies, thereby offering a potential avenue for treating IBD. The efficacy and safety of vaccines, coupled with their potential to mitigate the financial and healthcare burden associated with disease treatment, render therapeutic vaccines a more favorable approach for managing patients with IBD. In this review, we critically examine the existing literature pertaining to therapeutic vaccines for IBD, aiming to offer researchers a comprehensive understanding of their applications and prospects and stimulate novel vaccine development by presenting innovative ideas in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fei Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Fakharian F, Thirugnanam S, Welsh DA, Kim WK, Rappaport J, Bittinger K, Rout N. The Role of Gut Dysbiosis in the Loss of Intestinal Immune Cell Functions and Viral Pathogenesis. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1849. [PMID: 37513022 PMCID: PMC10384393 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays a critical role in maintaining overall health and immune function. However, dysbiosis, an imbalance in microbiome composition, can have profound effects on various aspects of human health, including susceptibility to viral infections. Despite numerous studies investigating the influence of viral infections on gut microbiome, the impact of gut dysbiosis on viral infection and pathogenesis remains relatively understudied. The clinical variability observed in SARS-CoV-2 and seasonal influenza infections, and the presence of natural HIV suppressors, suggests that host-intrinsic factors, including the gut microbiome, may contribute to viral pathogenesis. The gut microbiome has been shown to influence the host immune system by regulating intestinal homeostasis through interactions with immune cells. This review aims to enhance our understanding of how viral infections perturb the gut microbiome and mucosal immune cells, affecting host susceptibility and response to viral infections. Specifically, we focus on exploring the interactions between gamma delta (γδ) T cells and gut microbes in the context of inflammatory viral pathogenesis and examine studies highlighting the role of the gut microbiome in viral disease outcomes. Furthermore, we discuss emerging evidence and potential future directions for microbiome modulation therapy in the context of viral pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Fakharian
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983969411, Iran
| | - Siva Thirugnanam
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - David A. Welsh
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70806, USA
| | - Woong-Ki Kim
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Jay Rappaport
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA
| | - Kyle Bittinger
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Namita Rout
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Center for Aging, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Yang S, Liu G, Savelkoul HFJ, Jansen CA, Li B. Mini-review: microbiota have potential to prevent PEDV infection by improved intestinal barrier. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1230937. [PMID: 37503350 PMCID: PMC10369048 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1230937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection poses a significant threat to the global pig industry. Current prevention and control strategies are inadequate in protecting pigs from new PEDV variants. This review aims to examine the relationship between PEDV and intestinal microbes, and investigate whether modulating intestinal microbes could affect PEDV infection. The mechanisms by which various intestinal microbes affect viral infection were initially introduced. Intestinal microbes can influence enteric viral infection through direct contact, such as binding, or by affecting interferons (IFNs) production and the intestinal barrier. Influencing the intestinal barrier by microbes can impact PEDV infection in young piglets. To narrow down the range of microbes that may influence PEDV infection, this review summarized microbes that change after infection. Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bacterial cell components, and toxins from microbes were identified as important mediators affecting PEDV infection. SCFAs primarily strengthen the intestinal barrier and inhibit intestinal inflammation, while bacterial cell components and toxins are more likely to damage the intestinal barrier. Therefore, this review hypothesizes that fecal transplantation, which allows the host to colonize more SCFAs-producing microbes, may prevent PEDV infection. However, these hypotheses require further proof, and the transplantation of intestinal microbes in pigs requires more exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Guangliang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Huub F. J. Savelkoul
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Christine A. Jansen
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Bin Li
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Peng H, Wang J, Chen J, Peng Y, Wang X, Chen Y, Kaplan DL, Wang Q. Challenges and opportunities in delivering oral peptides and proteins. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:1349-1369. [PMID: 37450427 PMCID: PMC10990675 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2237408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rapid advances in bioengineering enable the use of complex proteins as therapeutic agents to treat diseases. Compared with conventional small molecule drugs, proteins have multiple advantages, including high bioactivity and specificity with low toxicity. Developing oral dosage forms with active proteins is a route to improve patient compliance and significantly reduce production costs. However, the gastrointestinal environment remains a challenge to this delivery path due to enzymatic degradation, low permeability, and weak absorption, leading to reduced delivery efficiency and poor clinical outcomes. AREAS COVERED This review describes the barriers to oral delivery of peptides and complex proteins, current oral delivery strategies utilized and the opportunities and challenges ahead to try and circumvent these barriers. Oral protein drugs on the market and clinical trials provide insights and approaches for advancing delivery strategies. EXPERT OPINION Although most current studies on oral protein delivery rely on in vitro and in vivo animal data, the safety and limitations of the approach in humans remain uncertain. The shortage of clinical data limits the development of new or alternative strategies. Therefore, designing appropriate oral delivery strategies remains a significant challenge and requires new ideas, innovative design strategies and novel model systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haisheng Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College, University of Shaoxing, Shaoxing, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Jiahe Wang
- Department of Humanities, Daqing Branch, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, China
| | - Jiayu Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College, University of Shaoxing, Shaoxing, China
| | - Yanbo Peng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Rd, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xiaoxian Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, University of Shaoxing, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - David L. Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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Peng S, Shen L, Yu X, Zhang L, Xu K, Xia Y, Zha L, Wu J, Luo H. The role of Nrf2 in the pathogenesis and treatment of ulcerative colitis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1200111. [PMID: 37359553 PMCID: PMC10285877 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1200111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease involving mainly the colorectal mucosa and submucosa, the incidence of which has been on the rise in recent years. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), known for its key function as a transcription factor, is pivotal in inducing antioxidant stress and regulating inflammatory responses. Numerous investigations have demonstrated the involvement of the Nrf2 pathway in maintaining the development and normal function of the intestine, the development of UC, and UC-related intestinal fibrosis and carcinogenesis; meanwhile, therapeutic agents targeting the Nrf2 pathway have been widely investigated. This paper reviews the research progress of the Nrf2 signaling pathway in UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyun Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Lanlan Zha
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Hesheng Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Wuhan, China
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Dang Y, Ma C, Chen K, Chen Y, Jiang M, Hu K, Li L, Zeng Z, Zhang H. The Effects of a High-Fat Diet on Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Biomolecules 2023; 13:905. [PMID: 37371485 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The interactions among diet, intestinal immunity, and microbiota are complex and play contradictory roles in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). An increasing number of studies has shed light on this field. The intestinal immune balance is disrupted by a high-fat diet (HFD) in several ways, such as impairing the intestinal barrier, influencing immune cells, and altering the gut microbiota. In contrast, a rational diet is thought to maintain intestinal immunity by regulating gut microbiota. In this review, we emphasize the crucial contributions made by an HFD to the gut immune system and microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Dang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chunxiang Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kexin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yiding Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mingshan Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kehan Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lili Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhen Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Liang J, Zhou Y, Cheng X, Chen J, Cao H, Guo X, Zhang C, Zhuang Y, Hu G. Baicalin Attenuates H 2O 2-Induced Oxidative Stress by Regulating the AMPK/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in IPEC-J2 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119435. [PMID: 37298392 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress can adversely affect the health status of the body, more specifically by causing intestinal damage by disrupting the permeability of the intestinal barrier. This is closely related to intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis caused by the mass production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Baicalin (Bai) is a major active ingredient in Chinese traditional herbal medicine that has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. The purpose of this study was to explore the underlying mechanisms by which Bai protects against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced intestinal injury in vitro. Our results indicated that H2O2 treatment caused injury to IPEC-J2 cells, resulting in their apoptosis. However, Bai treatment attenuated H2O2-induced IPEC-J2 cell damage by up-regulating the mRNA and protein expression of ZO-1, Occludin, and Claudin1. Besides, Bai treatment prevented H2O2-induced ROS and MDA production and increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GSH-PX). Moreover, Bai treatment also attenuated H2O2-induced apoptosis in IPEC-J2 cells by down-regulating the mRNA expression of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 and up-regulating the mRNA expression of FAS and Bax, which are involved in the inhibition of mitochondrial pathways. The expression of Nrf2 increased after treatment with H2O2, and Bai can alleviate this phenomenon. Meanwhile, Bai down-regulated the ratio of phosphorylated AMPK to unphosphorylated AMPK, which is indicative of the mRNA abundance of antioxidant-related genes. In addition, knockdown of AMPK by short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) significantly reduced the protein levels of AMPK and Nrf2, increased the percentage of apoptotic cells, and abrogated Bai-mediated protection against oxidative stress. Collectively, our results indicated that Bai attenuated H2O2-induced cell injury and apoptosis in IPEC-J2 cells through improving the antioxidant capacity through the inhibition of the oxidative stress-mediated AMPK/Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahua Liang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Xinyi Cheng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Huabin Cao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Xiaoquan Guo
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Caiying Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Yu Zhuang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Guoliang Hu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, China
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Wang H, Wang K, Liu B, Bian X, Tan X, Jiang H. The efficacy of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on rat intestinal immune-function injured by ischemia/reperfusion. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15585. [PMID: 37131448 PMCID: PMC10149202 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) has a promising therapeutic efficiency for varieties of disorders caused by ischemia or reperfusion impairment. It has been shown that BMSCs can mitigate intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injuries, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. This study aimed at investigating the efficacy of BMSCs on the immune function of intestinal mucosal microenvironment after I/R injuries. Methods Twenty adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to a treatment or a control group. All the rats underwent superior mesenteric artery clamping and unclamping. In the treatment group, BMSCs were implanted into the intestine of ten rats by direct submucosal injection whereas the other ten rats in the control group were injected with the same volume of saline. On the fourth and seventh day after BMSCs transplantation, intestinal samples were examined for the CD4 (CD4-positive T-lymphocytes)/CD8 (CD8-positive T-lymphocytes) ratio of the bowel mucosa via flow cytometry, and for the level of Interleukin-2 (IL-2), Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) via ELISA. Paneth cell counts and Secretory Immunoglobulin A (SIgA) level were examined via immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. Real time PCR (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and trypsinogen (Serine 2) (PRSS2) genes. White blood cell (WBC) count was measured by manual counting under the microscope. Results The CD4/CD8 ratio in the treatment group was significantly lower compared with that in the control group. The concentration of IL-2 and IL-6 was lower in the treatment group compared with the control group, while the level of IL-4 is the reverse between the two groups. The number of Paneth cells in intestinal mucosa increased significantly, while the level of SIgA in intestinal mucosa decreased significantly, after BMSCs transplantation. The gene expression levels of TNF-α and PRSS2 in intestinal mucosa of treatment group were significantly lower than those of control group. The WBC count in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group. Conclusion We identified immune-relevant molecular changes that may explain the mechanism of BMSCs transplantation efficacy in alleviating rat intestinal immune-barrier after I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China
| | - Bo Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqian Bian
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China
| | - Xiaojie Tan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China
| | - Haitao Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China
- Corresponding author. No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266003, China.
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49
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Atre R, Sharma R, Vadim G, Solanki K, Wadhonkar K, Singh N, Patidar P, Khabiya R, Samaur H, Banerjee S, Baig MS. The indispensability of macrophage adaptor proteins in chronic inflammatory diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110176. [PMID: 37104916 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Adaptor proteins represent key signalling molecules involved in regulating immune responses. The host's innate immune system recognizes pathogens via various surface and intracellular receptors. Adaptor molecules are centrally involved in different receptor-mediated signalling pathways, acting as bridges between the receptors and other molecules. The presence of adaptors in major signalling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of various chronic inflammatory diseases has drawn attention toward the role of these proteins in such diseases. In this review, we summarize the importance and roles of different adaptor molecules in macrophage-mediated signalling in various chronic disease states. We highlight the mechanistic roles of adaptors and how they are involved in protein-protein interactions (PPI) via different domains to carry out signalling. Hence, we also provide insights into how targeting these adaptor proteins can be a good therapeutic strategy against various chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajat Atre
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IITI), Indore, India
| | - Rahul Sharma
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IITI), Indore, India
| | - Gaponenko Vadim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Kundan Solanki
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IITI), Indore, India
| | - Khandu Wadhonkar
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IITI), Indore, India
| | - Neha Singh
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IITI), Indore, India
| | - Pramod Patidar
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IITI), Indore, India
| | - Rakhi Khabiya
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IITI), Indore, India; School of Pharmacy, Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya, Indore, India
| | - Harshita Samaur
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IITI), Indore, India
| | - Sreeparna Banerjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Mirza S Baig
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IITI), Indore, India.
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50
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Shouhui Tongbian Capsules induce regression of inflammation to improve intestinal barrier in mice with constipation by targeted binding to Prkaa1: With no obvious toxicity. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114495. [PMID: 36906969 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Constipation arising from the poor bowel movement is a rife enteric health problem. Shouhui Tongbian Capsule (SHTB) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) which effectively improve the symptoms of constipation. However, the mechanism has not been fully evaluated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of SHTB on the symptoms and intestinal barrier of mice with constipation. Our data showed that SHTB effectively improved the constipation induced by diphenoxylate, which was confirmed by shorter first defecation time, higher internal propulsion rate and fecal water content. Additionally, SHTB improved the intestinal barrier function, which was manifested by inhibiting the leakage of Evans blue in intestinal tissues and increasing the expression of occludin and ZO-1. SHTB inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, reduced the number of proinflammatory cell subsets and increased the number of immunosuppressive cell subsets to relieve inflammation. The photochemically induced reaction coupling system combined with cellular thermal shift assay and central carbon metabolomics technology confirmed that SHTB activated AMPKα through targeted binding to Prkaa1 to regulate Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis and Pentose Phosphate Pathway, and finally inhibited intestinal inflammation. Finally, no obvious toxicity related to SHTB was found in a repeated drug administration toxicity test for consecutive 13 weeks. Collectively, we reported SHTB as a TCM targeting Prkaa1 for anti-inflammation to improve intestinal barrier in mice with constipation. These findings broaden our knowledge of Prkaa1 as a druggable target protein for inflammation inhibition, and open a new avenue to novel therapy strategy for constipation injury.
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