1
|
Ayebeng C, Okyere J, Dickson KS. Influence of type of cooking fuel on risk of hypertension among reproductive-age women in sub-Saharan Africa: insights from nationally representative cross-sectional surveys. Int Health 2024; 16:325-333. [PMID: 38690923 PMCID: PMC11062196 DOI: 10.1093/inthealth/ihad060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nearly one-third of the world's population (2.4 billion people) rely on unclean cooking fuel sources. The study assessed the association of the type of cooking fuel and hypertension risk in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). METHODS The study analysed pooled data from 97 942 individuals in the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) between 2014 and 2021 in 10 SSA countries. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed, including basic descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression. The independent variable of interest was the type of cooking fuel, while hypertension served as the outcome variable. RESULTS Women using unclean cooking fuel were 1.21 times more likely to be hypertensive compared with those using clean cooking fuel (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.21 [95% confidence interval {CI} 1.11 to 1.31]). Older age (aOR 5.78 [95% CI 5.04 to 6.62]), higher education (aOR 1.14 [95% CI 1.05 to 1.23]), being married (aOR 1.64 [95% CI 1.49 to 1.80]), working in sales and services occupations (aOR 1.34 [95% CI 1.24 to 1.44]), frequent health facility visits (aOR 1.59 [95% CI 1.51 to 1.68]), higher wealth index and exposure to media were significantly associated with hypertension risk. CONCLUSIONS Efforts to reduce reliance on unclean cooking fuel at both the household and population levels need to be intensified in SSA countries. Promoting the use of clean cooking technologies and fuels and implementing supportive policies for transitioning from unclean cooking fuels are crucial. Targeted interventions to reduce hypertension risk in SSA should focus on women using unclean cooking fuel, older women, individuals from wealthier households and those with higher education levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Castro Ayebeng
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Joshua Okyere
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kilanowski-Doroh IM, McNally AB, Wong T, Visniauskas B, Blessinger SA, Sugi AI, Richard C, Diaz Z, Horton A, Natale CA, Ogola BO, Lindsey SH. Ovariectomy-Induced Arterial Stiffening Differs From Vascular Aging and Is Reversed by GPER Activation. Hypertension 2024; 81:e51-e62. [PMID: 38445498 PMCID: PMC11023783 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.22024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arterial stiffness is a cardiovascular risk factor and dramatically increases as women transition through menopause. The current study assessed whether a mouse model of menopause increases arterial stiffness in a similar manner to aging and whether activation of the G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor could reverse stiffness. METHODS Female C57Bl/6J mice were ovariectomized at 10 weeks of age or aged to 52 weeks, and some mice were treated with G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor agonists. RESULTS Ovariectomy and aging increased pulse wave velocity to a similar extent independent of changes in blood pressure. Aging increased carotid wall thickness, while ovariectomy increased material stiffness without altering vascular geometry. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that ovariectomy downregulated smooth muscle contractile genes. The enantiomerically pure G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor agonist, LNS8801, reversed stiffness in ovariectomy mice to a greater degree than the racemic agonist G-1. In summary, ovariectomy and aging induced arterial stiffening via potentially different mechanisms. Aging was associated with inward remodeling, while ovariectomy-induced material stiffness independent of geometry and a loss of the contractile phenotype. CONCLUSIONS This study enhances our understanding of the impact of estrogen loss on vascular health in a murine model and warrants further studies to examine the ability of LNS8801 to improve vascular health in menopausal women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tristen Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Bruna Visniauskas
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | | | | | - Chase Richard
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
- Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Zaidmara Diaz
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Alec Horton
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | | | - Benard O. Ogola
- Vascular Biology Center and Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Sarah H. Lindsey
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
- Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ko YE, Kim HW, Park JT, Han SH, Kang SW, Sung S, Lee KB, Lee J, Oh KH, Yoo TH. Triglyceride-glucose index is an independent predictor of coronary artery calcification progression in patients with chronic kidney disease. Kidney Res Clin Pract 2024; 43:381-390. [PMID: 38738273 PMCID: PMC11181041 DOI: 10.23876/j.krcp.23.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is highly prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is associated with major adverse cardiovascular events and metabolic disturbances. The triglyceride-glucose index (TyGI), a novel surrogate marker of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance, is associated with CAC in the general population and in patients with diabetes. This study investigated the association between the TyGI and CAC progression in patients with CKD, which is unknown. METHODS A total of 1,154 patients with CKD (grades 1-5; age, 52.8 ± 11.9 years; male, 688 [59.6%]) were enrolled from the KNOWCKD (KoreaN Cohort Study for Outcomes in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease). The TyGI was calculated as follows: ln (fasting triglycerides × fasting glucose/2). Patients were classified into tertiles (low, intermediate, high) based on the TyGI. The primary outcome was annualized percentage change in CAC score [(percent change in CAC score + 1)12/follow-up months - 1] of ≥15%, defined as CAC progression. RESULTS During the 4-year follow-up, the percentage of patients with CAC progression increased across TyGI groups (28.6%, 37.5%, and 46.2% in low, intermediate, and high groups, respectively; p < 0.001). A high TyGI was associated with an increased risk of CAC progression (odds ratio [OR], 2.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14-3.88; p = 0.02) compared to the low group. Moreover, a 1-point increase in the TyGI was related to increased risk of CAC progression (OR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.06-1.76; p = 0.02) after adjustment. CONCLUSION A high TyGI may be a useful predictor of CAC progression in CKD.
Collapse
Grants
- 2011E3300300, 2012E3301100, 2013E3301600, 2013 E3301601, 2013E3301602, 2016E3300200, 2016E3300201, 2016E3300202, 2019E320100, 2019E320101, 2019E320102, and 2022-11-007 Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Eun Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Woo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Tak Park
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyeok Han
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Wook Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suah Sung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Beck Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joongyub Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Pusan Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kook-Hwan Oh
- Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hyun Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - on behalf of the KNOW-CKD investigators
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Pusan Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang G, Samarawickrama PN, Gui L, Ma Y, Cao M, Zhu H, Li W, Yang H, Li K, Yang Y, Zhu E, Li W, He Y. Revolutionizing Diabetic Foot Ulcer Care: The Senotherapeutic Approach. Aging Dis 2024:AD.2024.0065. [PMID: 38739931 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2024.0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a prevalent and profoundly debilitating complication that afflicts individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). These ulcers are associated with substantial morbidity, recurrence rates, disability, and mortality, imposing substantial economic, psychological, and medical burdens. Timely detection and intervention can mitigate the morbidity and disparities linked to DFU. Nevertheless, current therapeutic approaches for DFU continue to grapple with multifaceted limitations. A growing body of evidence emphasizes the crucial role of cellular senescence in the pathogenesis of chronic wounds. Interventions that try to delay cellular senescence, eliminate senescent cells (SnCs), or suppress the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) have shown promise for helping chronic wounds to heal. In this context, targeting cellular senescence emerges as a novel therapeutic strategy for DFU. In this comprehensive review, we look at the pathology and treatment of DFU in a systematic way. We also explain the growing importance of investigating SnCs in DFU and highlight the great potential of senotherapeutics that target SnCs in DFU treatment. The development of efficacious and safe senotherapeutics represents a pioneering therapeutic approach aimed at enhancing the quality of life for individuals affected by DFU.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guiqin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dali University (the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650011, China
| | - Priyadarshani Nadeeshika Samarawickrama
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
| | - Li Gui
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dali University (the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650011, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan 650011, China
| | - Mei Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dali University (the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650011, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dali University (the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650011, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dali University (the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650011, China
| | - Honglin Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan 650011, China
| | - Kecheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan 650011, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Enfang Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dali University (the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650011, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dali University (the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan 650011, China
| | - Yonghan He
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cai Y, Sha W, Deng H, Zhang T, Yang L, Wu Y, Luo J, Liu G, Yang Y, Feng D. Correlation between the triglyceride-glucose index and arterial stiffness in Japanese individuals with normoglycaemia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Endocr Disord 2024; 24:30. [PMID: 38443895 PMCID: PMC10913653 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01551-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and arterial stiffness in individuals with normoglycaemia remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between the TyG index and arterial stiffness in Japanese individuals with normoglycaemia, providing additional evidence for predicting early arterial stiffness. METHODS This study included 15,453 adults who participated in the NAGALA Physical Examination Project of the Murakami Memorial Hospital in Gifu, Japan, from 2004 to 2015. Data on clinical demographic characteristics and serum biomarker levels were collected. The TyG index was calculated from the logarithmic transformation of fasting triglycerides multiplied by fasting glucose, and arterial stiffness was measured using the estimated pulse wave velocity calculated based on age and mean blood pressure. The association between the TyG index and arterial stiffness was analysed using a logistic regression model. RESULTS The prevalence of arterial stiffness was 3.2% (500/15,453). After adjusting for all covariates, the TyG index was positively associated with arterial stiffness as a continuous variable (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.86; 95% Confidence Interval = 1.45-2.39; P<0.001). Using the quartile as the cutoff point, a regression analysis was performed for arterial stiffness when the TyG index was converted into a categorical variable. After adjusting for all covariates, the OR showed an upward trend; the trend test was P<0.001. Subgroup analysis revealed a positive association between the TyG index and arterial stiffness in Japanese individuals with normoglycaemia and different characteristics. CONCLUSION The TyG index in Japanese individuals with normoglycaemia is significantly correlated with arterial stiffness, and the TyG index may be a predictor of early arterial stiffness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Cai
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57 Renmin Street, 524000, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Wenyue Sha
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57 Renmin Street, 524000, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hailian Deng
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57 Renmin Street, 524000, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Tuming Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57 Renmin Street, 524000, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Linlin Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57 Renmin Street, 524000, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yueying Wu
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57 Renmin Street, 524000, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jinhua Luo
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57 Renmin Street, 524000, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Guangyan Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57 Renmin Street, 524000, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57 Renmin Street, 524000, Zhanjiang, China.
| | - Dehui Feng
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57 Renmin Street, 524000, Zhanjiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lai A, Zhou Y, Thurgood P, Chheang C, Chandra Sekar N, Nguyen N, Peter K, Khoshmanesh K, Baratchi S. Endothelial Response to the Combined Biomechanics of Vessel Stiffness and Shear Stress Is Regulated via Piezo1. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:59103-59116. [PMID: 38073418 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
How endothelial cells sense and respond to dynamic changes in their biophysical surroundings as we age is not fully understood. Vascular stiffness is clearly a contributing factor not only in several cardiovascular diseases but also in physiological processes such as aging and vascular dementia. To address this gap, we utilized a microfluidic model to explore how substrate stiffness in the presence of shear stress affects endothelial morphology, senescence, proliferation, and inflammation. We also studied the role of mechanosensitive ion channel Piezo1 in endothelial responses under the combined effect of shear stress and substrate stiffness. To do so, we cultured endothelial cells inside microfluidic channels covered with fibronectin-coated elastomer with elastic moduli of 40 and 200 kPa, respectively, mimicking the stiffness of the vessel walls in young and aged arteries. The endothelial cells were exposed to atheroprotective and atherogenic shear stress levels of 10 and 2 dyn/cm2, respectively. Our findings show that substrate stiffness affects senescence under atheroprotective flow conditions and cytoskeleton remodeling, senescence, and inflammation under atherogenic flow conditions. Additionally, we found that the expression of Piezo1 plays a crucial role in endothelial adaptation to flow and regulation of inflammation under both atheroprotective and atherogenic shear stress levels. However, Piezo1 contribution to endothelial senescence was limited to the soft substrate and atheroprotective shear stress level. Overall, our study characterizes the response of endothelial cells to the combined effect of shear stress and substrate stiffness and reveals a previously unidentified role of Piezo1 in endothelial response to vessel stiffening, which potentially can be therapeutically targeted to alleviate endothelial dysfunction in aging adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Austin Lai
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3082, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Ying Zhou
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Peter Thurgood
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Chanly Chheang
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Nadia Chandra Sekar
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3082, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Ngan Nguyen
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
- Medical Technology Victoria, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Karlheinz Peter
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Khashayar Khoshmanesh
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Sara Baratchi
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3082, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tang CC, Tsai JP, Chen YH, Hung SC, Lin YL, Hsu BG. Associations of Glucometabolic Indices with Aortic Stiffness in Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis with and without Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17094. [PMID: 38069423 PMCID: PMC10707165 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruptions in glucose metabolism are frequently observed among patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) who utilize glucose-containing dialysis solutions. We aimed to investigate the relationship between glucometabolic indices, including fasting glucose, insulin resistance, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), PD-related glucose load, and icodextrin usage, and aortic stiffness in PD patients with and without diabetic mellitus (DM). This study involved 172 PD patients (mean age 58.3 ± 13.5 years), consisting of 110 patients without DM and 62 patients with DM. Aortic stiffness was assessed using the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV). Impaired fasting glucose was defined as a fasting glucose level ≥ 100 mg/dL. Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) scores, serum AGEs, dialysate glucose load, and icodextrin usage were assessed. Patients with DM exhibited the highest cfPWV (9.9 ± 1.9 m/s), followed by those with impaired fasting glucose (9.1 ± 1.4 m/s), whereas patients with normal fasting glucose had the lowest cfPWV (8.3 ± 1.3 m/s), which demonstrated a significant trend. In non-DM patients, impaired fasting glucose (β = 0.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.01-1.03, p = 0.046), high HOMA-IR (β = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.12-1.08, p = 0.015), and a high PD glucose load (β = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.08-1.08, p = 0.023) were independently associated with increased cfPWV. In contrast, none of the glucometabolic factors contributed to differences in cfPWV in DM patients. In conclusion, among PD patients without DM, impaired fasting glucose, insulin resistance, and PD glucose load were closely associated with aortic stiffness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Chong Tang
- Division of Nephrology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan;
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Pi Tsai
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (J.-P.T.); (S.-C.H.)
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi 62247, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsin Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 42743, Taiwan;
| | - Szu-Chun Hung
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (J.-P.T.); (S.-C.H.)
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei 23142, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Li Lin
- Division of Nephrology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan;
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (J.-P.T.); (S.-C.H.)
| | - Bang-Gee Hsu
- Division of Nephrology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan;
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (J.-P.T.); (S.-C.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang Y, Fujiyoshi A, Higashiyama A, Utsumi M, Takeshita T, Miyai N, Arita M. Appendicular Muscle Mass Index was Stronger than Body Mass Index in Association with Atherosclerosis in the Community-Dwelling Elderly. J Atheroscler Thromb 2023; 30:1882-1892. [PMID: 37407496 DOI: 10.5551/jat.64165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Low muscle mass is associated with advanced atherosclerosis. However, only very few studies on the elderly have investigated a dose-response relationship between muscle mass and atherosclerosis. Furthermore, whether the relationship between muscle mass and atherosclerosis is stronger than that between body mass index (BMI) and atherosclerosis among the elderly population remains to be determined. METHODS A community-based sample of apparently healthy elderlies (≥ 65 years) was cross-sectionally examined for the association between appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), a measure of atherosclerosis. We categorized the participants according to sex-specific quintiles of the ASM index (ASM/height2) or BMI. Using multivariable linear regression, we compared the slope of one standard deviation higher ASM index for baPWV with the corresponding slope of BMI, separately (single-index model) and jointly (simltaneously-adjusted model). RESULTS The ASM index and BMI of a total of 995 participants (60.0% women, mean age 73 years) were significantly inversely associated with baPWV in a dose-response manner across the quintiles in both sexes. The slope for the ASM index tended to be greater than that for BMI in the single-index and simultaneously-adjusted models in both sexes after adjusting for confounders. CONCLUSIONS Among a community-dwelling elderly population, the association between ASM and baPWV was stronger than, and independent of that between BMI and baPWV. These findings suggest that ASM provides more important information on atherosclerosis in the elderly than BMI does.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Hygiene, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | - Akira Fujiyoshi
- Department of Hygiene, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | - Aya Higashiyama
- Department of Hygiene, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | - Miyoko Utsumi
- Wakayama Faculty of Nursing, Tokyo Healthcare University
| | | | - Nobuyuki Miyai
- Graduate School of Health and Nursing Science, Wakayama Medical University
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wu S, Su X, Zuo Y, Chen S, Tian X, Xu Q, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Wang P, He Y, Wang A. Discordance between remnant cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol predicts arterial stiffness progression. Hellenic J Cardiol 2023; 74:24-31. [PMID: 37245643 DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2023.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cross-sectional studies have shown that remnant cholesterol (RC) was associated with arterial stiffness. The present study evaluated the association of RC and the discordance between RC and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) with arterial stiffness progression. METHODS Data were derived from the Kailuan study. RC was calculated as total cholesterol - high-density lipoprotein cholesterol - LDL-C. Discordant RC with LDL-C were defined by residuals, cutoff points, and median values. Arterial stiffness progression was assessed by the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) change, baPWV change rate, and increase/persistently high baPWV. Multivariable linear regression models and logistic regression models were used to explore the association of RC and discordant RC versus LDL-C with the arterial stiffness progression. RESULTS A total of 10,507 participants were enrolled in this study, with the mean age of 50.8 ± 11.8 years, 60.9% (6,396) of male. Multivariable regression analyses showed that, each 1 mmol/L increase in the RC level was associated with a 12.80 cm/s increase in baPWV change, a 3.08 cm/s/year increase in the baPWV change rate, and 13% (95% CI, 1.05-1.21) of increase in the risk for increase in/persistently high baPWV. Discordant high RC was associated with a 13.65 cm/s increase in baPWV change and 19% (95% CI, 1.06-1.33) of increase in the risk for increase in/persistently high baPWV compared to those with concordant group. CONCLUSION Discordantly high RC with LDL-C was associated with an increased risk of arterial stiffness progression. The findings demonstrated that RC may be an important marker of future coronary artery disease risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shouling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Xin Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingting Zuo
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuohua Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Xue Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Xu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Penglian Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China.
| | - Anxin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Clinical Trial, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Scarfò G, Daniele S, Chelucci E, Rizza A, Fusi J, Freggia G, Costa B, Taliani S, Artini P, Martini C, Franzoni F. Regular exercise delays microvascular endothelial dysfunction by regulating antioxidant capacity and cellular metabolism. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17671. [PMID: 37848614 PMCID: PMC10582030 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44928-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is the basis for several unfavorable conditions, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). In this sense, regular physical activity (regular PA) has been proven to delay cellular aging and prevent endothelial dysfunction related to CVDs. Despite numerous studies involving athletes, little is known about cellular and molecular mechanisms of regular PA among master athletes. The present study aimed at evaluating the effects of regular PA on local microcirculatory functions in elderly athletes as compared to age-matched sedentary controls. Moreover, molecular/epigenetic mechanisms (nitric oxide, oxidative stress, PGC-1α, SIRT1 and miR29) were also assessed. The results of the present study showed that regular PA significantly increased local blood flow in post-ischemia and post-heating conditions, as well as NO plasma concentrations, denoting a better endothelial function/microcirculatory efficiency. Moreover, athletes presented a greater plasma antioxidant and increased transcriptional levels of the metabolism regulator PGC-1α. Finally, regular PA enhanced plasma level of SIRT1 and miR29, suggested as epigenetic regulators of redox balance and cellular metabolism. In addition, stimulated local blood flow was directly related to plasma antioxidant capacity, and SIRT1 and miR29 levels. Overall, our data confirm the beneficial effects of regular PA on the cardiovascular profile in elderly athletes and shed light on molecular signals involved in the positive adaptations to exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Scarfò
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Simona Daniele
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | | | - Antonio Rizza
- Interventional Cardiology Division, Gaetano Pasquinucci Heart Hospital, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, 54100, Massa, Italy
| | - Jonathan Fusi
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Freggia
- Cardiology Unit, Gaetano Pasquinucci Heart Hospital, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, 54100, Massa, Italy
| | - Barbara Costa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Artini
- Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Ferdinando Franzoni
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bu LL, Yuan HH, Xie LL, Guo MH, Liao DF, Zheng XL. New Dawn for Atherosclerosis: Vascular Endothelial Cell Senescence and Death. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15160. [PMID: 37894840 PMCID: PMC10606899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) form the inner linings of blood vessels, and are directly exposed to endogenous hazard signals and metabolites in the circulatory system. The senescence and death of ECs are not only adverse outcomes, but also causal contributors to endothelial dysfunction, an early risk marker of atherosclerosis. The pathophysiological process of EC senescence involves both structural and functional changes and has been linked to various factors, including oxidative stress, dysregulated cell cycle, hyperuricemia, vascular inflammation, and aberrant metabolite sensing and signaling. Multiple forms of EC death have been documented in atherosclerosis, including autophagic cell death, apoptosis, pyroptosis, NETosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis. Despite this, the molecular mechanisms underlying EC senescence or death in atherogenesis are not fully understood. To provide a comprehensive update on the subject, this review examines the historic and latest findings on the molecular mechanisms and functional alterations associated with EC senescence and death in different stages of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Lan Bu
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (L.-L.B.); (D.-F.L.)
| | - Huan-Huan Yuan
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (H.-H.Y.); (L.-L.X.); (M.-H.G.)
| | - Ling-Li Xie
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (H.-H.Y.); (L.-L.X.); (M.-H.G.)
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Min-Hua Guo
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (H.-H.Y.); (L.-L.X.); (M.-H.G.)
| | - Duan-Fang Liao
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (L.-L.B.); (D.-F.L.)
| | - Xi-Long Zheng
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Prytuła A, Grenda R. Anthropometric measures and patient outcome in pediatric chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol 2023; 38:3207-3210. [PMID: 37199813 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-023-06017-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Prytuła
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology, Ghent University Hospital, ERKNet Center, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Ryszard Grenda
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Transplantation & Hypertension, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Huang PY, Hsu BG, Lai YH, Wang CH, Tsai JP. Serum Trimethylamine N-Oxide Level Is Positively Associated with Aortic Stiffness Measured by Carotid-Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:572. [PMID: 37755998 PMCID: PMC10538077 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15090572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a biomarker that is effective in predicting major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events. Age-related vascular problems are significantly affected by aortic stiffness (AS), which is independently linked to CV morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to determine the association between serum TMAO levels and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) in patients receiving hemodialysis (HD) therapy. In total, 115 patients with HD were enrolled in this study. The AS group included patients whose cfPWV was >10 m/s. Using high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, the levels of serum TMAO were measured. The AS group included 42 (36.5%) patients, and compared with the non-AS group, the rates of diabetes, hypertension, older age, systolic blood pressure, serum glucose, and TMAO levels were high. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, serum TMAO and age were independently linked with AS after correcting for the factors significantly associated with AS. Following multivariate stepwise linear regression analysis, serum TMAO in these individuals was found to be strongly correlated with cfPWV values (p < 0.001). In patients on chronic HD, serum TMAO level is an independent measure of AS and strongly correlated with cfPWV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yu Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi 62247, Taiwan;
| | - Bang-Gee Hsu
- Division of Nephrology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (B.-G.H.); (Y.-H.L.); (C.-H.W.)
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsien Lai
- Division of Nephrology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (B.-G.H.); (Y.-H.L.); (C.-H.W.)
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (B.-G.H.); (Y.-H.L.); (C.-H.W.)
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Pi Tsai
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi 62247, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Dogan Z, Ileri C, Ozben B, Sunbul M, Tigen MK, Sahin O, Yesildag O. Evaluation of Arterial Stiffness and Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness in Patients with Coronary Slow Flow. ACTA CARDIOLOGICA SINICA 2023; 39:733-741. [PMID: 37720409 PMCID: PMC10499956 DOI: 10.6515/acs.202309_39(5).20230209a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Coronary slow flow may not only affect the coronary arteries, but it may also be a vascular problem affecting the rest of the arterial system. Objective The aim of this study was to determine peripheral arterial stiffness and the thickness of the choroid layer in patients with slow coronary flow. Methods Fifty consecutive patients (age, 54.3 ± 11.4 years, 38 male) with coronary slow flow and 25 consecutive patients (age, 50.5 ± 9.9 years, 16 male) with normal coronary arteries both documented by coronary angiography were included. Arterial stiffness parameters were measured noninvasively using a Mobil-O-Graph arteriography system. The choroidal thickness was assessed using the enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography method. Results The patients with coronary slow flow had significantly higher peripheral systolic blood pressure, peripheral pulse pressure, central pulse pressure, and pulse wave velocity (PWV) and significantly thinner choroidal thickness compared to the controls. Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction frame count was positively correlated with PWV (r: 0.237, p = 0.041) and negatively correlated with choroidal thickness (r: -0.249, p = 0.031). There was also a negative correlation between PWV and mean choroidal thickness (r: -0.565, p < 0.001). Linear regression analysis showed that coronary slow flow was an independent predictor of both PWV and choroidal thickness when adjusted by age and sex. Conclusions The acceleration of average peripheral arterial PWV with a thinning of choroidal thickness in patients with coronary slow flow may support the idea that this phenomenon may be a coronary presentation of a systemic microvascular disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zekeriya Dogan
- Department of Cardiology, Marmara University School of Medicine
| | - Cigdem Ileri
- Department of Cardiology, Kosuyolu Heart Education and Research Hospital
| | - Beste Ozben
- Department of Cardiology, Marmara University School of Medicine
| | - Murat Sunbul
- Department of Cardiology, Marmara University School of Medicine
| | - M Kursat Tigen
- Department of Cardiology, Marmara University School of Medicine
| | - Ozlem Sahin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Osman Yesildag
- Department of Cardiology, Marmara University School of Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jo HR, Hwang J, Jeong JH. MicroRNA miR-214-5p induces senescence of microvascular endothelial cells by targeting the JAG1/Notch signaling pathway. Noncoding RNA Res 2023; 8:385-391. [PMID: 37260583 PMCID: PMC10227379 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
During cellular senescence, irreversible cell cycle arrest is accompanied by morphological and genetic alterations. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in regulating senescence by modulating the abundance of crucial senescence regulatory proteins. Therefore, to identify novel senescence-associated miRNAs, we analyzed differentially expressed miRNAs in microvascular endothelial cells (MVEC). Among the 80 differentially expressed miRNAs in replicative senescent MVECs, 16 miRNAs of unknown gene ontology were used in the senescence-associated β-galactosidase assay. Thus, we identified miR-214-5p as having high senescence-inducing activity, inhibiting the proliferation and angiogenesis activity of MVECs. To reveal the senescence-regulating mechanism of miR-214-5p, we searched for target genes through sequence- and literature-based analysis. Molecular manipulation of miR-214-5p demonstrated that miR-214-5p regulated the expression and function of Jagged 1 (JAG1) in senescent MVECs. Silencing JAG1 or downstream genes of JAG1-Notch signaling, accelerated the senescence of MVECs. Additionally, ectopic overexpression of JAG1 reversed the senescence-inducing activity of miR-214-5p. In conclusion, we identified miR-214-5p as a senescence-associated miRNA. Targeting miR-214-5p may be a potential strategy to delay vascular aging and overcome the detrimental effects of senescence and age-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-ram Jo
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science, Seoul, 01812, South Korea
- Radiological and Medico-Oncological Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea
| | - Jiwon Hwang
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science, Seoul, 01812, South Korea
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Jeong
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science, Seoul, 01812, South Korea
- Radiological and Medico-Oncological Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
You Y, Chen X, Chen Y, Pang J, Chen Q, Liu Q, Xue H, Zeng Y, Xiao J, Mi J, Tang Y, Ling W. Epigenetic modulation of Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission by inhibition of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase promotes vascular senescence and atherosclerosis. Redox Biol 2023; 65:102828. [PMID: 37517319 PMCID: PMC10400927 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Vascular senescence, which is closely related to epigenetic regulation, is an early pathological condition in cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis. Inhibition of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (SAHH) and the consequent increase of S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), a potent inhibitor of DNA methyltransferase, has been associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to investigate whether the inhibition of SAHH accelerates vascular senescence and the development of atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS The case-control study related to vascular aging showed that increased levels of plasma SAH were positively associated with the risk of vascular aging, with an odds ratio (OR) of 3.90 (95% CI, 1.17-13.02). Elevated pulse wave velocity, impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation response, and increased senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining were observed in the artery of SAHH+/- mice at 32 weeks of age. Additionally, elevated expression of p16, p21, and p53, fission morphology of mitochondria, and over-upregulated expression of Drp1 were observed in vascular endothelial cells with SAHH inhibition in vitro and in vivo. Further downregulation of Drp1 using siRNA or its specific inhibitor, mdivi-1, restored the abnormal mitochondrial morphology and rescued the phenotypes of vascular senescence. Furthermore, inhibition of SAHH in APOE-/- mice promoted vascular senescence and atherosclerosis progression, which was attenuated by mdivi-1 treatment. Mechanistically, hypomethylation over the promoter region of DRP1 and downregulation of DNMT1 were demonstrated with SAHH inhibition in HUVECs. CONCLUSIONS SAHH inhibition epigenetically upregulates Drp1 expression through repressing DNA methylation in endothelial cells, leading to vascular senescence and atherosclerosis. These results identify SAHH or SAH as a potential therapeutic target for vascular senescence and cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiran You
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Pang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiannan Liu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongliang Xue
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yupeng Zeng
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghe Xiao
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxin Mi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Nutrition, The First People's Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Wenhua Ling
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Le NT. Metabolic regulation of endothelial senescence. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1232681. [PMID: 37649668 PMCID: PMC10464912 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1232681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell (EC) senescence is increasingly recognized as a significant contributor to the development of vascular dysfunction and age-related disorders and diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The regulation of cellular senescence is known to be influenced by cellular metabolism. While extensive research has been conducted on the metabolic regulation of senescence in other cells such as cancer cells and fibroblasts, our understanding of the metabolic regulation of EC senescence remains limited. The specific metabolic changes that drive EC senescence are yet to be fully elucidated. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of the intricate interplay between cellular metabolism and senescence, with a particular emphasis on recent advancements in understanding the metabolic changes preceding cellular senescence. I will summarize the current knowledge on the metabolic regulation of EC senescence, aiming to offer insights into the underlying mechanisms and future research directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nhat-Tu Le
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kilanowski-Doroh IM, McNally AB, Wong T, Visniauskas B, Blessinger SA, Imulinde Sugi A, Richard C, Diaz Z, Horton A, Natale CA, Ogola BO, Lindsey SH. Ovariectomy-Induced Arterial Stiffening Differs from Vascular Aging and is Reversed by GPER Activation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.10.552881. [PMID: 37645992 PMCID: PMC10462036 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.10.552881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Arterial stiffness is a cardiovascular risk factor and dramatically increases as women transition through menopause. The current study assessed whether a mouse model of menopause increases arterial stiffness in a similar manner to aging, and whether activation of the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) could reverse stiffness. Female C57Bl/6J mice were ovariectomized (OVX) at 10 weeks of age or aged to 52 weeks, and some mice were treated with GPER agonists. OVX and aging increased pulse wave velocity to a similar extent independent of changes in blood pressure. Aging increased carotid wall thickness, while OVX increased material stiffness without altering vascular geometry. RNA-Seq analysis revealed that OVX downregulated smooth muscle contractile genes. The enantiomerically pure GPER agonist, LNS8801, reversed stiffness in OVX mice to a greater degree than the racemic agonist G-1. In summary, OVX and aging induced arterial stiffening via potentially different mechanisms. Aging was associated with inward remodeling while OVX induced material stiffness independent of geometry and a loss of the contractile phenotype. This study helps to further our understanding of the impact of menopause on vascular health and identifies LNS8801 as a potential therapy to counteract this detrimental process in women.
Collapse
|
19
|
Sakboonyarat B, Poovieng J, Sangkool T, Lertsakulbunlue S, Jongcherdchootrakul K, Srisawat P, Mungthin M, Rangsin R. Relationship between pulse pressure and body mass index in active-duty Royal Thai Army personnel in Thailand. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:361. [PMID: 37464282 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03390-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated pulse pressure (PP) is a robust independent predictor of cardiovascular diseases. The relationship between PP and body mass index (BMI) was presented in a few studies. However, the findings were inconsistent. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to identify the association between elevated PP and BMI using a large sample of active-duty Royal Thai Army (RTA) personnel. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted through the use of the dataset obtained from the annual health examination database of RTA personnel in Thailand in 2022. BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m2 was classified as obesity I, whereas BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m2 was classified as obesity II. Elevated PP was defined as PP ≥ 50 mmHg. Multivariable linear regression and log-binomial regression models were utilized for determining the association between elevated PP and BMI. RESULTS A total of 62,113 active-duty RTA personnel were included in the study. The average BMI was 25.4 ± 3.8 kg/m2, while the average PP was 50.1 ± 11.2 mmHg. Compared to individuals with normal weight, the [Formula: see text] coefficients of PP and BMI were 1.38 (95% CI: 1.15-1.60) and 2.57 (95% CI: 2.25-2.88) in individuals with obesity I and obesity II, respectively. Effect modification by high blood pressure (BP) on the association between elevated PP and BMI was observed. Among participants with normal BP, in comparison with BMI of 18.5-22.9 kg/m2, the adjusted prevalence ratio (PR) for elevated PP was 1.23 (95% CI: 1.19-1.28) and 1.41 (95% CI: 1.35-1.48) in those with obesity I and obesity II, respectively. Meanwhile, among individuals with high BP, the adjusted PR for elevated PP was 1.05 (95% CI: 1.01-1.08) and 1.09 (95% CI: 1.06-1.13) in those with obesity I and obesity II, respectively. CONCLUSION PP was positively associated with BMI in active-duty RTA personnel. High BP was the modifier of the association between PP and BMI. A weaker association between elevated PP and BMI was observed among RTA personnel with high BP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boonsub Sakboonyarat
- Department of Military and Community Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Jaturon Poovieng
- Department of Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Tanatip Sangkool
- Department of Military and Community Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | | | - Kanlaya Jongcherdchootrakul
- Department of Military and Community Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Phutsapong Srisawat
- Department of Military and Community Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Mathirut Mungthin
- Department of Parasitology, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Ram Rangsin
- Department of Military and Community Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Liu F, Ling Q, Xie S, Xu Y, Liu M, Hu Q, Ma J, Yan Z, Gao Y, Zhao Y, Zhu W, Yu P, Luo J, Liu X. Association between triglyceride glucose index and arterial stiffness and coronary artery calcification: a systematic review and exposure-effect meta-analysis. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:111. [PMID: 37179288 PMCID: PMC10183133 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-01819-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The triglyceride and glucose (TyG) index has been linked to various cardiovascular diseases. However, it's still unclear whether the TyG index is associated with arterial stiffness and coronary artery calcification (CAC). METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of relevant studies until September 2022 in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases. We used a random-effects model to calculate the pooled effect estimate and the robust error meta-regression method to summarize the exposure-effect relationship. RESULTS Twenty-six observational studies involving 87,307 participants were included. In the category analysis, the TyG index was associated with the risk of arterial stiffness (odds ratio [OR]: 1.83; 95% CI 1.55-2.17, I2 = 68%) and CAC (OR: 1.66; 95% CI 1.51-1.82, I2 = 0). The per 1-unit increment in the TyG index was also associated with an increased risk of arterial stiffness (OR: 1.51, 95% CI 1.35-1.69, I2 = 82%) and CAC (OR: 1.73, 95% CI 1.36-2.20, I2 = 51%). Moreover, a higher TyG index was shown to be a risk factor for the progression of CAC (OR = 1.66, 95% CI 1.21-2.27, I2 = 0, in category analysis, OR = 1.47, 95% CI 1.29-1.68, I2 = 41% in continuity analysis). There was a positive nonlinear association between the TyG index and the risk of arterial stiffness (Pnonlinearity < 0.001). CONCLUSION An elevated TyG index is associated with an increased risk of arterial stiffness and CAC. Prospective studies are needed to assess causality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuwei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qin Ling
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Shaofeng Xie
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yi Xu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Menglu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Seventh People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qingwen Hu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Jianyong Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, USA
| | - Zhiwei Yan
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, College of Human Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Sport and Health Science, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, College of Human Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yujie Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Seventh People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wengen Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Endocrine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jun Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Onofrei VA, Anisie E, Zamfir CL, Ceasovschih A, Constantin M, Mitu F, Grigorescu ED, Petroaie AD, Timofte DV. Role of Chemerin and Perivascular Adipose Tissue Characteristics on Cardiovascular Risk Assessment by Arterial Stiffness Markers in Patients with Morbid Obesity. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12082885. [PMID: 37109222 PMCID: PMC10145532 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12082885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The development of arterial stiffness (AS) in obesity is a multifactorial and complex process. The pleomorphic actions of adipokines and their local activity in perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) are potential modulators of AS appearance and progression. We aimed to assess the correlations between two adipokines (chemerin, adiponectin), PVAT morphological changes (adipocyte size, blood vessel wall thickness) and AS parameters in the special subgroup of patients with morbid obesity. MATERIAL AND METHODS We enrolled 25 patients with morbid obesity and 25 non-obese patients, who were age- and gender-matched, untreated for cardiovascular risk factors, and admitted to hospital for laparoscopic surgical procedures (bariatric surgery for morbid obesity and non-inflammatory benign pathology surgery for non-obese patients). Before the surgical procedures, we evaluated demographic and anthropometric data and biochemical parameters including the studied adipokines. Arterial stiffness was evaluated using a Medexpert ArteriographTM TL2 device. In both groups, adipocyte size and vascular wall thickness as well as local adiponectin activity were analyzed in PVAT from intraoperative biopsies. RESULTS In our study, adiponectin (p = 0.0003), chemerin (p = 0.0001) and their ratio (p = 0.005) had statistically significant higher mean values in patients with morbid obesity compared to normal-weight patients. In patients with morbid obesity there were significant correlations between chemerin and AS parameters such as aortic pulse wave velocity (p = 0.006) and subendocardial viability index (p = 0.009). In the same group adipocyte size was significantly correlated with another AS parameter, namely, aortic systolic blood pressure (p = 0.030). In normal-weight patients, blood vessel wall thickness positively correlated with AS parameters such as brachial (p = 0.023) and aortic augmentation index (p = 0.023). An important finding was the negative adipoR1 and adipoR2 immunoexpression in PVAT adipocytes of patients with morbid obesity. Additionally, we found significant correlations between blood vessel wall thickness and blood fasting glucose (p < 0.05) in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Chemerin and adipocyte size could be predictive biomarkers for AS in patients with morbid obesity. Given the small number of patients included, our results need further validation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Aursulesei Onofrei
- Department of Medical Specialties, Grigore T. Popa, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Cardiology Clinic, St. Spiridon, Clinical Emergency Hospital, Independence Boulevard No. 1, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ecaterina Anisie
- Cardiology Clinic, St. Spiridon, Clinical Emergency Hospital, Independence Boulevard No. 1, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Carmen Lacramioara Zamfir
- Department of Medical Specialties, Grigore T. Popa, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandr Ceasovschih
- Department of Medical Specialties, Grigore T. Popa, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Cardiology Clinic, St. Spiridon, Clinical Emergency Hospital, Independence Boulevard No. 1, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mihai Constantin
- Department of Medical Specialties, Grigore T. Popa, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Florin Mitu
- Department of Medical Specialties, Grigore T. Popa, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Clinic, Pantelimon Halipa Street No. 14, 700661 Iasi, Romania
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Ion C. Brătianu Boulevard No. 1, 030173 Bucharest, Romania
- Romanian Academy of Scientists, Dimitrie Mangeron Boulevard No. 433, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Elena-Daniela Grigorescu
- Department of Medical Specialties, Grigore T. Popa, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Antoneta Dacia Petroaie
- Department of Medical Specialties, Grigore T. Popa, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Daniel Vasile Timofte
- Department of Medical Specialties, Grigore T. Popa, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Cardiology Clinic, St. Spiridon, Clinical Emergency Hospital, Independence Boulevard No. 1, 700111 Iasi, Romania
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Ion C. Brătianu Boulevard No. 1, 030173 Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hayden MR. Overview and New Insights into the Metabolic Syndrome: Risk Factors and Emerging Variables in the Development of Type 2 Diabetes and Cerebrocardiovascular Disease. Medicina (B Aires) 2023; 59:medicina59030561. [PMID: 36984562 PMCID: PMC10059871 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59030561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is considered a metabolic disorder that has been steadily increasing globally and seems to parallel the increasing prevalence of obesity. It consists of a cluster of risk factors which traditionally includes obesity and hyperlipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia. These four core risk factors are associated with insulin resistance (IR) and, importantly, the MetS is known to increase the risk for developing cerebrocardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The MetS had its early origins in IR and syndrome X. It has undergone numerous name changes, with additional risk factors and variables being added over the years; however, it has remained as the MetS worldwide for the past three decades. This overview continues to add novel insights to the MetS and suggests that leptin resistance with hyperleptinemia, aberrant mitochondrial stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS), impaired folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism with hyperhomocysteinemia, vascular stiffening, microalbuminuria, and visceral adipose tissues extracellular vesicle exosomes be added to the list of associated variables. Notably, the role of a dysfunctional and activated endothelium and deficient nitric oxide bioavailability along with a dysfunctional and attenuated endothelial glycocalyx, vascular inflammation, systemic metainflammation, and the important role of ROS and reactive species interactome are discussed. With new insights and knowledge regarding the MetS comes the possibility of new findings through further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melvin R Hayden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, One Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bittencourt JC, Scheinbein GHA, de Oliveira Junior WC, Bassi RL, Moura LB, Correa ALD, de Lima Bernardes RG, Freitas LS, Lemos JC, Gonçalves GKN, Rodrigues-Machado MDG. Arterial stiffness indices, pulse wave velocity and central systolic blood pressure, are able to discriminate between obese and non-obese children. Eur J Pediatr 2023; 182:1403-1415. [PMID: 36680578 PMCID: PMC9862226 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-04807-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to verify, first, if arterial stiffness indices can discriminate between obese and healthy children. Second, to evaluate arterial stiffness index predictors and hemodynamic parameters in obese children. Arterial stiffness indices evaluated were pulse wave velocity (PWV), central systolic blood pressure (SBPc), and central pulse pressure (PPc). A cross-sectional, descriptive, comparative study design was used. The sample consisted of 78 normal-weight children (8.1 ± 1.96 years) and 58 obese children (9.0 ± 1.87 years). PWV, PPc, and SBPc were significantly higher in the group of obese children than in the control group. The ROC curve analysis showed that maximum PWV and SBPc sensitivity and specificity in differentiating obese from non-obese children occurred at 4.09 m/s and 86.17 mmHg, respectively. PPc did not exhibit a discriminatory capacity between the two groups. Peripheral systolic blood pressure (SBPp), peripheral pulse pressure (PPp), and PPc (R2 = 0.98) were predictors of increased PWV. Augmentation pressure, PPp, and reflection coefficient (R2 = 0.873) were predictors of PPc. Age, augmentation index, total vascular resistance, cardiac index, and mean fat percentage (R2 = 0.801) were predictors of SBPc. CONCLUSION This study shows for the first time that PWV > 4.09 m/s and SBPc > 86.17 mmHg are cut-off points associated with a higher risk of obesity. These results indicate that the simple, rapid, and noninvasive measurement of arterial stiffness adds prognostic information regarding cardiovascular risk, in addition to increased body mass index. WHAT IS KNOWN • Overweight and obesity are strongly associated with comorbidities que contribute to the development of cardiovascular diseases. WHAT IS NEW • This is the first study to show that PWV and SBPc can discriminate obese from non-obese children. These results show that, in addition to an increased BMI, a simple, rapid, and noninvasive measurement of arterial stiffness adds prognostic information on cardiovascular risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Cabral Bittencourt
- Faculty of Medical Sciences of Minas Gerais (FCM-MG), Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Shen J, Feng B, Fan L, Jiao Y, Li Y, Liu H, Hou X, Su Y, Li D, Fu Z. Triglyceride glucose index predicts all-cause mortality in oldest-old patients with acute coronary syndrome and diabetes mellitus. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:78. [PMID: 36747129 PMCID: PMC9901061 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-03788-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are the leading health risks for the elderly. Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a novel and reliable indicator of insulin resistance (IR). This study aims to explore the relationship between the TyG index and all-cause mortality in oldest-old patients with ACS and DM. METHODS Seven hundred twenty hospitalized patients with ACS aged ≥ 80 years were enrolled, and 699 patients signed informed consent for the study. During the follow-up period, 37 were lost to follow-up, and the follow-up rate was 94.7%. 231 ACS patients with DM were selected for the study's analyses. Kaplan-Meier curve, Cox regression model and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to analyze the association between the TyG index and all-cause mortality. RESULTS The mean age of participants was 81.58 ± 1.93 years, and 32.47% were women. Compared to TyG tertile 1, the Hazard Ratio (HR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] of all-cause mortality was 2.04 (1.09, 3.81) for TyG tertile 3 in the fully adjusted model. For the TyG index per standard deviation (SD) increment, the HR (95% CI) of all-cause mortality was 1.44 (1.13, 1.83). Further, the association between the TyG index and all-cause mortality was dose-response (P for trend = 0.026). ROC curve analyses indicated that the TyG index outperformed FBG and TG in the prediction of mortality risk and improved the prognostic value of the Gensini score combined with LVEF. CONCLUSION The TyG index predicts the risk of all-cause mortality in the oldest-old ACS patients with DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Shen
- grid.488137.10000 0001 2267 2324Senior Department of Cardiology, the Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, 100853 Beijing, China ,Outpatient Department of Tongzhou Retired Cadres Rest Center, Beijing, 101149 China
| | - Bin Feng
- grid.488137.10000 0001 2267 2324Senior Department of Cardiology, the Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, 100853 Beijing, China
| | - Li Fan
- grid.488412.3Department of Nutrition, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014 China
| | - Yang Jiao
- grid.488137.10000 0001 2267 2324Senior Department of Cardiology, the Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, 100853 Beijing, China
| | - Ying Li
- grid.488137.10000 0001 2267 2324Senior Department of Cardiology, the Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, 100853 Beijing, China
| | - Henan Liu
- grid.488137.10000 0001 2267 2324Senior Department of Cardiology, the Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, 100853 Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoling Hou
- grid.488137.10000 0001 2267 2324Senior Department of Cardiology, the Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, 100853 Beijing, China
| | - Yongkang Su
- grid.488137.10000 0001 2267 2324Senior Department of Cardiology, the Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, 100853 Beijing, China
| | - Dongyun Li
- Department of the First Health Care, the Second Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Zhenhong Fu
- Senior Department of Cardiology, the Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, 100853, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Moriconi D, Nannipieri M, Armenia S, Boutouryie P, Taddei S, Bruno RM. Morbid obesity is associated with hypertrophic outward remodeling and increased stiffness of small conduit arteries: An ultra-high frequency ultrasound study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:408-415. [PMID: 36604263 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Although many studies have been published on the effect of obesity on large and small arteries, there are no data in the literature regarding the effect of obesity on medium-sized arteries, and in particular of small conduit arteries. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether patients with severe obesity presented structural or functional alterations in different arterial segments. METHODS AND RESULTS 34 patients with severe obesity (BMI≥35 kg/m2) and 34 age-and sex-matched normal weight patients were recruited as controls. Aortic stiffness (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity) and wave reflection (augmentation index) were recorded. Ultrasound images of common carotid, radial and interdigital arteries were acquired for the assessment of wall-to-lumen ratio, wall cross-sectional area (WCSA), compliance, distensibility coefficient (DC) and Young's elastic modulus (Einc). Insulin sensitivity was calculated by oral glucose sensitivity index (OGIS). No differences between groups in carotid artery remodeling were found, while WCSA of the radial and interdigital arteries were higher in obese group than in controls. As regard the parameters of vascular elasticity, the DC of radial and interdigital arteries were lower (p = 0.025 and p = 0.001, respectively), as well as the Einc of radial arteries was higher (p = 0.021), in subject with obesity compared to controls. All these correlations were consistent after adjustment for the main covariates. Finally, in a multiple regression analysis OGIS was and independent determinant of interdigital artery DC (R2 = 0.29, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS For the first time, we describe an outward remodeling and increased stiffness in small conduit arteries in severe obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Moriconi
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy.
| | - Monica Nannipieri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Armenia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Pierre Boutouryie
- Service de Pharmacologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Europeen Georges Pompidou, France; Université Paris Cité, Inserm, PARCC, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Stefano Taddei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Bruno
- Service de Pharmacologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Europeen Georges Pompidou, France; Université Paris Cité, Inserm, PARCC, F-75015 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang Y, Wang S, Pan X, Meng P, Yang J, Zhang Y, Liu M, Li M, Gao J, Wu Q, Feng N, Wu Y, Zhang J, Xue L, Chang F, Chen L, Sun Y, Yuan J, Yang S, Xue H, Ma L, Jiang X, Li J, Yin L, Ren W, Ma C, Zeng H, Deng Y, Tu M, Wang W, Zhang S, Xiang M, Zhang R, Che Y, Li Y. Association between triglyceride-glucose index and arterial stiffness reflected by carotid pulse-wave velocity in stage 1 hypertension and individuals with normal/elevated blood pressure. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2023; 25:199-212. [PMID: 36695004 PMCID: PMC9903195 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Evidence of the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index as an independent predictor of arterial stiffness in stage 1 hypertension patients is scarce. This study aimed to explore the association between TyG index and arterial stiffness in this population. A total of 1041 individuals from 32 centers with normal/elevated blood pressure (BP, <130/80 mmHg; 345 men (33%); median age, 37 years) and 585 stage 1 hypertension patients (BP ≥130/80 and <140/90 mmHg; 305 men (52%); median age, 47 years) were prospectively enrolled. Arterial stiffness was determined by measuring carotid ultrafast pulse-wave velocity (ufPWV). TyG index was calculated as ln (fasting triglyceride (TG) × fasting blood glucose/2). Patients with a higher TyG index tended to have higher ufPWV. The TyG index was positively associated with ufPWV at the end of systole in stage 1 hypertension patients after adjusting for confounding factors (β for per unit .48), and restricted cubic spline analysis confirmed a linear association. Subgroup analyses in terms of age, sex, and body mass index yielded similar results. However, no significant relationship was observed between the TyG index and ufPWV in the population with normal/elevated BP. The fully adjusted β between ufPWV and the TyG index was higher than the TG/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, TG, and pulse pressure. In conclusion, patients with a higher TyG index had greater arterial stiffness, and the TyG index independently and positively correlated with arterial stiffness in stage 1 hypertension patients. The TyG index may provide a simple and reliable marker to monitor arterial stiffness in hypertensive patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonghuai Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular UltrasoundThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound & Noninvasive CardiologySichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's HospitalChengduSichuanChina
| | - Xiaofang Pan
- Health Medical DepartmentDalian Municipal Central HospitalDalianLiaoningChina
| | - Pingping Meng
- Department of Cardiovascular UltrasoundThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular UltrasoundThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Yuhua Zhang
- Department of UltrasoundThe Third People's Hospital of ZhengzhouZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Minghui Liu
- Department of Ultrasound DiagnosisThe Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Mingxing Li
- Department of Ultrasound DiagnosisThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuanChina
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of UltrasoundAffiliated Hospital of Yan'an UniversityYan'anShanxiChina
| | - Qiang Wu
- Ultrasound DepartmentCentral Hospital of Chongqing Three GorgesChongqingChina
| | - Ningna Feng
- Medical Technology DepartmentGuangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Yiyun Wu
- Department of UltrasoundAffiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Jianxing Zhang
- Ultrasonic DepartmentGuangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Li Xue
- Department of Cardiac UltrasoundThe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Fengling Chang
- Department of UltrasoundXinxiang Central HospitalXinxiangHenanChina
| | - Li Chen
- Department of UltrasoundThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxiChina
| | - Yixue Sun
- Ultrasonic MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbuAnhuiChina
| | - Jianjun Yuan
- Ultrasonography DepartmentHenan Provincial People's HospitalZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Shunshi Yang
- Department of Medical UltrasoundThe Central Hospital of WuhanWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Hongyuan Xue
- Department of UltrasoundHebei General HospitalShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Lingzhi Ma
- Department of UltrasoundThe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Xuezhong Jiang
- Department of Medical UltrasoundGeriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Provincial Geriatric HospitalNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Jing Li
- Ultrasonography DepartmentFirst Affiliated HospitalHeilongjiang University of Chinese MedicineHarbinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Lixue Yin
- Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound & Noninvasive CardiologySichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's HospitalChengduSichuanChina
| | - Weidong Ren
- Department of UltrasoundShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Chunyan Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular UltrasoundThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liao CW, Lin YT, Tsai CH, Chang YY, Chen ZW, Lu CC, Pan CT, Chang CC, Lee BC, Chiu YW, Huang WC, Huang KH, Lai TS, Hung CS, Wu VC, Wu XM, Lin YH. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist treatment improved arterial stiffness in patients with primary aldosteronism: a cohort study compared with adrenalectomy. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2023; 14:20406223221143233. [PMID: 36687666 PMCID: PMC9846303 DOI: 10.1177/20406223221143233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Elevated arterial stiffness in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) can be reversed after adrenalectomy; however, the effect of medical treatment with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRAs) is unknown. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of MRAs and compare both treatment strategies on arterial stiffness in PA patients. Design Prospective cohort study. Methods We prospectively enrolled PA patients from 2006 to 2019 who received either adrenalectomy or MRA treatment (spironolactone). We compared their baseline and 1-year post-treatment biochemistry characteristics and arterial pulse wave velocity (PWV) to verify the effects of treatment and related determinant factors. Results A total 459 PA patients were enrolled. After 1:1 propensity score matching for age, sex and blood pressure (BP), each group had 176 patients. The major determinant factors of baseline PWV were age and baseline BP. The adrenalectomy group had greater improvements in BP, serum potassium level, plasma aldosterone concentration, and aldosterone-to-renin ratio. The MRA group had a significant improvement in PWV after 1 year of treatment (1706.2 ± 340.05 to 1613.6 ± 349.51 cm/s, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in post-treatment PWV (p = 0.173) and improvement in PWV (p = 0.579) between the adrenalectomy and MRA groups. The determinant factors for an improvement in PWV after treatment were hypertension duration, baseline PWV, and the decrease in BP. Conclusion The PA patients who received medical treatment with MRAs had a significant improvement in arterial stiffness. There was no significant difference in the improvement in arterial stiffness between the two treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Che-Wei Liao
- Department of Internal Medicine, National
Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei
| | - Yen-Tin Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan
General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan
| | - Cheng-Hsuan Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine, National
Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of
Medicine, Taipei
| | | | - Zheng-Wei Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National
Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Douliu
| | - Ching-Chu Lu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, National Taiwan
University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine,
Taipei
| | - Chien-Ting Pan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National
Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Douliu
| | - Chin-Chen Chang
- Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan
University Hospital, Taipei
| | - Bo-Ching Lee
- Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan
University Hospital, Taipei
| | - Yu-Wei Chiu
- Cardiology Division of Cardiovascular Medical
Center, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City
| | - Wei-Chieh Huang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal
Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei
| | - Kuo-How Huang
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan
University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine,
Taipei
| | - Tai-Shuan Lai
- Department of Internal Medicine, National
Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of
Medicine, Taipei
| | - Chi-Shen Hung
- Department of Internal Medicine, National
Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of
Medicine, Taipei
| | - Vin-Cent Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National
Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of
Medicine, Taipei
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Endothelial senescence in vascular diseases: current understanding and future opportunities in senotherapeutics. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1-12. [PMID: 36599934 PMCID: PMC9898542 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00906-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Senescence compromises the essential role that the endothelium plays in maintaining vascular homeostasis, so promoting endothelial dysfunction and the development of age-related vascular diseases. Their biological and clinical significance calls for strategies for identifying and therapeutically targeting senescent endothelial cells. While senescence and endothelial dysfunction have been studied extensively, distinguishing what is distinctly endothelial senescence remains a barrier to overcome for an effective approach to addressing it. Here, we review the mechanisms underlying endothelial senescence and the evidence for its clinical importance. Furthermore, we discuss the current state and the limitations in the approaches for the detection and therapeutic intervention of target cells, suggesting potential directions for future research.
Collapse
|
29
|
Su Z, Su H, Xu J, Wei G, Qu L, Ni T, Yang D, Zhu Y. Histone methyltransferase Smyd2 drives vascular aging by its enhancer-dependent activity. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 15:70-91. [PMID: 36585926 PMCID: PMC9876634 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular aging is one of the important factors contributing to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. However, the systematic epigenetic regulatory mechanisms during vascular aging are still unclear. Histone methyltransferase SET and MYND domain-containing protein 2 (Smyd2) is associated with multiple diseases including cancer and inflammatory diseases, but whether it is involved in endothelial cell senescence and aging-related cardiovascular diseases has not been directly proved. Thus, we aim to address the effects of Smyd2 on regulating angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced vascular endothelial cells (VECs) senescence and its epigenetic mechanism. METHODS AND RESULTS The regulatory role of Smyd2 in Ang II-induced VECs senescence was confirmed by performing loss and gain function assays. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq) analysis was used to systematically screen the potential enhancer during VECs senescence. Here, we found that Smyd2 was significantly upregulated in Ang II-triggered VECs, and deficiency of Smyd2 attenuated senescence-associated phenotypes both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanically, Ang II-induced upregulation of Smyd2 could increase the mono-methylation level of histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4me1), resulting in a hyper-methylated chromatin state, then further activating enhancers adjacent to key aging-related genes, such as Cdkn1a and Cdkn2a, finally driving the development of vascular aging. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our study uncovered that Smyd2 drives a hyper-methylated chromatin state via H3K4me1 and actives the enhancer elements adjacent to key senescence genes such as Cdkn1a and Cdkn2a, and further induces the senescence-related phenotypes. Targeting Smyd2 possibly unveiled a novel therapeutic candidate for vascular aging-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghua Su
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacophenomics Laboratory, Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Haibi Su
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacophenomics Laboratory, Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Jie Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacophenomics Laboratory, Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Gang Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacophenomics Laboratory, Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Lefeng Qu
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Ting Ni
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacophenomics Laboratory, Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Di Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacophenomics Laboratory, Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Yizhun Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacophenomics Laboratory, Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Hao X, Li W, Shi R, Wang Q. Investigating the causal mediating effect of type 2 diabetes on the relationship between traits and systolic blood pressure: A two-step Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1090867. [PMID: 36589843 PMCID: PMC9800519 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1090867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension commonly coexist, and we presumed that T2DM might mediate the relationship between some shared risk factors and systolic blood pressure (SBP). Methods The causal association between T2DM and SBP was first confirmed using Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses, and a two-step MR design was then used to test the causal mediating effect of T2DM on the relationship between 107 traits and SBP using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies. Results T2DM was causally associated with SBP. The univariable MR of the two-step causal mediation analyses suggested that 44 and 45 of the 107 traits had causal associations with T2DM and SBP, respectively. Five of the 27 traits that were significantly associated with both T2DM and SBP could not be reversely altered by T2DM and were included in the second step of the causal mediation analyses. The results indicated that most of the investigated traits causally altered SBP independent of T2DM, but the partial causal mediating effect of T2DM on the association between fasting insulin and SBP was successfully identified with a mediation proportion of 33.6%. Conclusions Our study provides novel insights into the role of risk factors in the comorbidity of T2DM and high blood pressure, which is important for long-term disease prevention and management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuezeng Hao
- Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Weixin Li
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiqing Shi
- Respiratory Endocrine Department, Beijing Fengtai You′anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuhong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Liu J, Fan F, Liu B, Li K, Jiang Y, Jia J, Chen C, Zheng B, Zhang Y. Association between remnant cholesterol and arterial stiffness in a Chinese community-based population: A cross-sectional study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:993097. [PMID: 36440032 PMCID: PMC9691684 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.993097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives As a surrogate of arterial stiffness, the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is a good predictor of incident cardiovascular disease. Remnant cholesterol (RC) is a proven independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, the relationship between RC and baPWV is unknown. The present study was performed to explore this relationship. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting and participants This study involved 8,028 participants of a community-based atherosclerosis cohort from China. Community residents aged ≥40 years were enrolled by responding to detailed research recruitment posters or by phone invitation. The participants comprised 2,938 (36.60%) men, and their mean age was 56.57 ± 9.04 years. Methods and results The baPWV was measured with a standard protocol using the Omron Colin BP-203RPE III device (Omron Healthcare, Kyoto, Japan). RC was calculated as follows: RC = TC – LDL-C – HDL-C. The mean baPWV was 1,646.85 ± 374.11 cm/s. The median RC concentration was 0.56 (0.41–0.74) mmol/L. In the multivariate logistic regression analyses, the concentrations of RC, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) were all positively and independently associated with baPWV. The baPWV was higher in the fourth than first lipid profile quartile. The HDL-C concentration was inversely associated with baPWV. When RC was forced into the model with other lipid profile indices simultaneously, only the RC and TG concentrations remained significantly associated with baPWV. Conclusion Lipids are independently associated with baPWV. The RC and TG concentrations have stronger associations with arterial stiffness than other lipid indices in the Chinese community-based population.
Collapse
|
32
|
Changes in Arterial Stiffness in Response to Various Types of Exercise Modalities: A Narrative Review on Physiological and Endothelial Senescence Perspectives. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223544. [PMID: 36428973 PMCID: PMC9688701 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial stiffness is a reliable independent predictor of cardiovascular events. Exercise training might enhance arterial compliance through improved metabolic health status. Different modes of exercise may have different effects on arterial stiffness. However, the interactions among different modes of exercise on endothelial senescence, the development of arterial vascular stiffness, and the associated molecular mechanisms are not completely understood. In this narrative review, we evaluate the current evidence focusing on the effects of various exercise modes on arterial stiffness and vascular health, and the known underlying physiological mechanisms are discussed as well. Here, we discuss the most recent evidence of aerobic exercise, high-intensity interval training (HIIT), and resistance exercise (RE) on arterial stiffness and endothelial senescence in physiological and cellular studies. Indeed, aerobic, HIIT, and progression RE-induced arterial compliance may reduce arterial stiffness by effectively promoting nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and reducing endothelial senescence. However, the transient increase in inflammation and sympathetic activation may contribute to the temporary elevation in arterial stiffness following whole-body high-intensity acute resistance exercise.
Collapse
|
33
|
Jurrissen TJ, Ramirez-Perez FI, Cabral-Amador FJ, Soares RN, Pettit-Mee RJ, Betancourt-Cortes EE, McMillan NJ, Sharma N, Rocha HNM, Fujie S, Morales-Quinones M, Lazo-Fernandez Y, Butler AA, Banerjee S, Sacks HS, Ibdah JA, Parks EJ, Rector RS, Manrique-Acevedo C, Martinez-Lemus LA, Padilla J. Role of adropin in arterial stiffening associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 323:H879-H891. [PMID: 36083795 PMCID: PMC9602697 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00385.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Adropin is a peptide largely secreted by the liver and known to regulate energy homeostasis; however, it also exerts cardiovascular effects. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that low circulating levels of adropin in obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) contribute to arterial stiffening. In support of this hypothesis, we report that obesity and T2D are associated with reduced levels of adropin (in liver and plasma) and increased arterial stiffness in mice and humans. Establishing causation, we show that mesenteric arteries from adropin knockout mice are also stiffer, relative to arteries from wild-type counterparts, thus recapitulating the stiffening phenotype observed in T2D db/db mice. Given the above, we performed a set of follow-up experiments, in which we found that 1) exposure of endothelial cells or isolated mesenteric arteries from db/db mice to adropin reduces filamentous actin (F-actin) stress fibers and stiffness, 2) adropin-induced reduction of F-actin and stiffness in endothelial cells and db/db mesenteric arteries is abrogated by inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthase, and 3) stimulation of smooth muscle cells or db/db mesenteric arteries with a NO mimetic reduces stiffness. Lastly, we demonstrated that in vivo treatment of db/db mice with adropin for 4 wk reduces stiffness in mesenteric arteries. Collectively, these findings indicate that adropin can regulate arterial stiffness, likely via endothelium-derived NO, and thus support the notion that "hypoadropinemia" should be considered as a putative target for the prevention and treatment of arterial stiffening in obesity and T2D.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Arterial stiffening, a characteristic feature of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D), contributes to the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Herein we establish that adropin is decreased in obese and T2D models and furthermore provide evidence that reduced adropin may directly contribute to arterial stiffening. Collectively, findings from this work support the notion that "hypoadropinemia" should be considered as a putative target for the prevention and treatment of arterial stiffening in obesity and T2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Jurrissen
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | | | | | - Rogerio N Soares
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Ryan J Pettit-Mee
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | | | - Neil J McMillan
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Neekun Sharma
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Helena N M Rocha
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Mariana Morales-Quinones
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Yoskaly Lazo-Fernandez
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Andrew A Butler
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiological Sciences, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Subhashis Banerjee
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiological Sciences, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Harold S Sacks
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jamal A Ibdah
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Elizabeth J Parks
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - R Scott Rector
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Camila Manrique-Acevedo
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Luis A Martinez-Lemus
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Jaume Padilla
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Hwang HJ, Kim N, Herman AB, Gorospe M, Lee JS. Factors and Pathways Modulating Endothelial Cell Senescence in Vascular Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710135. [PMID: 36077539 PMCID: PMC9456027 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging causes a progressive decline in the structure and function of organs. With advancing age, an accumulation of senescent endothelial cells (ECs) contributes to the risk of developing vascular dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and neurodegeneration. Senescent ECs undergo phenotypic changes that alter the pattern of expressed proteins, as well as their morphologies and functions, and have been linked to vascular impairments, such as aortic stiffness, enhanced inflammation, and dysregulated vascular tone. Numerous molecules and pathways, including sirtuins, Klotho, RAAS, IGFBP, NRF2, and mTOR, have been implicated in promoting EC senescence. This review summarizes the molecular players and signaling pathways driving EC senescence and identifies targets with possible therapeutic value in age-related vascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Hwang
- Research Center for Controlling Intercellular Communication, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Nayeon Kim
- Research Center for Controlling Intercellular Communication, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
- Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Allison B. Herman
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging-Intramural Research Program, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging-Intramural Research Program, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Jae-Seon Lee
- Research Center for Controlling Intercellular Communication, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
- Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ji W, Gao L, Sun P, Jia J, Li J, Wang X, Fan F, Zhang Y. Association of the triglyceride-glucose index and vascular target organ damage in a Beijing community-based population. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:948402. [PMID: 35966556 PMCID: PMC9366355 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.948402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We aimed to explore the association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a marker of insulin resistance (IR), and vascular target organ damage (TOD) in a Beijing community-based population, China. Methods A total of 6,015 participants from an atherosclerosis cohort survey performed in the Shijingshan District in Beijing, China were included in our analysis. Vascular TOD, such as carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), and the urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) were all evaluated. Results The overall mean age of all the participants was 62.35 years, 3,951 (65.69%) were female, and mean TyG index was 8.81. In univariable regression analyzes, an increased TyG index was associated with higher cfPWV, baPWV, lnUACR, and higher risk of cfPWV ≥ 10 m/s, baPWV ≥ 1,800 cm/s, and UACR ≥ 30 mg/g, respectively. Multivariable regression analyzes showed subjects with the TyG index in top tertile had a significant increase in cfPWV (β = 0.29 m/s; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.19–0.40; pfortrend < 0.001), baPWV (β = 69.28 cm/s; 95% CI 50.97–87.59; pfortrend < 0.001), lnUACR (β = 0.23; 95% CI 0.13–0.34; pfortrend < 0.001), and had a higher risk of cfPWV ≥ 10 m/s (odds ratio [OR] = 1.47; 95% CI 1.17–1.85; pfortrend < 0.001), baPWV ≥ 1,800 cm/s (OR = 1.79; 95% CI 1.48–2.17; pfortrend < 0.001), and UACR ≥ 30 mg/g (OR = 1.71; 95% CI 1.30–2.24; pfortrend < 0.001) after fully adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), self-reported coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke, antihypertensive drugs, hypoglycemic drugs, and lipid-lowering drugs. Consistent conclusions were obtained in the subgroups without hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering medications or aged younger than 65 years old. Conclusions The TyG index was positively associated with artery stiffness and nephric microvascular damage in a Beijing community-based population in China. This result provides evidence that the TyG index may serve as a simple and effective indicator to reflect vascular TOD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Ji
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Echocardiography Core Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease at Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Pengfei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Jia
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianping Li
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xingang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xingang Wang
| | - Fangfang Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Fangfang Fan
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Yan Zhang
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zhang X, Ye R, Yu C, Liu T, Chen X. Correlation Between Non-insulin-Based Insulin Resistance Indices and Increased Arterial Stiffness Measured by the Cardio–Ankle Vascular Index in Non-hypertensive Chinese Subjects: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:903307. [PMID: 35865388 PMCID: PMC9295890 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.903307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Data are limited on the relationship between the cardio–ankle vascular index (CAVI) and non-insulin-based insulin resistance (IR) indices, including the triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C), fasting triglyceride and glucose index (TyG), and metabolic score for IR (METS-IR). In this study, we explored the relationship between TG/HDL-C, TyG, METS-IR, and the risk of increased arterial stiffness (CAVI ≥ 8.0) and compared their ability to detect arterial stiffness in the non-hypertensive Chinese population. A total of 3,265 non-hypertensive subjects were included. Spearman’s and partial correlation analyses were used to assess the relationship between non-insulin-based IR indices and CAVI. The correlation between these indices and the risk of a CAVI ≥ 8.0 was explored by multiple logistic regression analysis. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve was used to compare the ability of TG/HDL-C, TyG, and METS-IR to detect a CAVI ≥ 8.0. After adjustment for confounding factors, linear regression analysis showed that the CAVI changed by 0.092 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.035–0.149] per standard deviation increase in TyG. While, this linear relationship was not found when analyzing TG/HDL-C and METS-IR. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the proportion of patients with CAVI ≥ 8.0 in the fourth quartile of TG/HDL-C [Q4 vs. Q1: odds ratio (OR) 2.434, 95% CI 1.489–3.975], TyG (Q4 vs. Q1: OR 2.346, 95% CI 1.413–3.896), and METS-IR (Q4 vs. Q1: OR 2.699, 95% CI 1.235–5.897) was significantly higher than that in the lowest quartile. The area under the curve that could discriminate CAVI ≥ 8.0 was 0.598 (95% CI 0.567–0.629) for TG/HDL-C, 0.636 (95% CI 0.606–0.667) for TyG, and 0.581 (95% CI 0.550–0.613) for METS-IR. In this study, we demonstrated a significant association between increased arterial stiffness and non-insulin-based IR indices. Among them, TyG showed better discriminatory ability than TG/HDL-C or METS-IR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Runyu Ye
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chaoping Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Pidu District People’s Hospital, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianhu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Pidu District People’s Hospital, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Tianhu Liu,
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Xiaoping Chen,
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Cox ER, Brown WJ, Gajanand T, Bailey TG, Gomersall SR, Chachay VS, Burton NW, Fassett RG, Cox SV, Coombes JS, Keating SE. Effects of fitness and fatness on age-related arterial stiffening in people with type 2 diabetes. Clin Obes 2022; 12:e12519. [PMID: 35293141 PMCID: PMC9285462 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
People with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are at a greater risk of cardiovascular disease than the general population. Both non-modifiable (age) and modifiable (low aerobic fitness, high body fatness) factors are separately predictive of cardiovascular risk, although they often occur concomitantly. This study aimed to examine the (1) association between age and arterial stiffness, a subclinical marker of cardiovascular risk; and (2) effects of body fatness and aerobic fitness on age-related increases in arterial stiffness in people with T2D. Data from 64 individuals with T2D (age 59.8 ± 8.7 years, 40% female, HbA1c 8.4 ± 1.6%) were included in this cross-sectional analysis. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) was used to quantify arterial stiffness. Aerobic fitness (relative V̇O2peak ) was determined via indirect calorimetry during maximal exercise testing. Central body fatness was determined using waist circumference. Data were analysed using hierarchical multiple regressions. After adjustment for sex and duration of T2D, each one standard deviation (SD) increase in age (8.68 years) was associated with a 0.63 m·s-1 increase in cfPWV (β = 0.416, p = 0.001). Following adjustment for aerobic fitness and body fatness, the standardized β was unchanged (0.417). A one SD increase in waist circumference (13.9 cm) and relative V̇O2peak (5.3 ml·kg-1 ·min-1 ) were associated with a similar magnitude of difference in cfPWV (0.47 m·s-1 and -0.44 m·s-1 , respectively). Therefore, age is a significant correlate of increased arterial stiffness in T2D, with higher aerobic fitness attenuating, and higher body fatness exacerbating, this increase. Interventions aimed at improving cardiovascular outcomes in people with T2D should target both increased aerobic fitness and reduced body fatness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily R. Cox
- Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- Physiology and Ultrasound Laboratory in Science and ExerciseSchool of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of NewcastleOurimbahNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Wendy J. Brown
- Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Trishan Gajanand
- Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- Physiology and Ultrasound Laboratory in Science and ExerciseSchool of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Tom G. Bailey
- Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- Physiology and Ultrasound Laboratory in Science and ExerciseSchool of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Sjaan R. Gomersall
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Veronique S. Chachay
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Nicola W. Burton
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith UniversityBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith UniversityGold CoastQueenslandAustralia
| | - Robert G. Fassett
- Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Stephen V. Cox
- GenesisCareThe Wesley HospitalBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Jeff S. Coombes
- Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- Physiology and Ultrasound Laboratory in Science and ExerciseSchool of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Shelley E. Keating
- Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- Physiology and Ultrasound Laboratory in Science and ExerciseSchool of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ramirez-Perez FI, Cabral-Amador FJ, Whaley-Connell AT, Aroor AR, Morales-Quinones M, Woodford ML, Ghiarone T, Ferreira-Santos L, Jurrissen TJ, Manrique-Acevedo CM, Jia G, DeMarco VG, Padilla J, Martinez-Lemus LA, Lastra G. Cystamine reduces vascular stiffness in Western diet-fed female mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 322:H167-H180. [PMID: 34890280 PMCID: PMC8742720 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00431.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of diets high in fat, sugar, and salt (Western diet, WD) is associated with accelerated arterial stiffening, a major independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Women with obesity are more prone to develop arterial stiffening leading to more frequent and severe CVD compared with men. As tissue transglutaminase (TG2) has been implicated in vascular stiffening, our goal herein was to determine the efficacy of cystamine, a nonspecific TG2 inhibitor, at reducing vascular stiffness in female mice chronically fed a WD. Three experimental groups of female mice were created. One was fed regular chow diet (CD) for 43 wk starting at 4 wk of age. The second was fed a WD for the same 43 wk, whereas a third cohort was fed WD, but also received cystamine (216 mg/kg/day) in the drinking water during the last 8 wk on the diet (WD + C). All vascular stiffness parameters assessed, including aortic pulse wave velocity and the incremental modulus of elasticity of isolated femoral and mesenteric arteries, were significantly increased in WD- versus CD-fed mice, and reduced in WD + C versus WD-fed mice. These changes coincided with respectively augmented and diminished vascular wall collagen and F-actin content, with no associated effect in blood pressure. In cultured human vascular smooth muscle cells, cystamine reduced TG2 activity, F-actin:G-actin ratio, collagen compaction capacity, and cellular stiffness. We conclude that cystamine treatment represents an effective approach to reduce vascular stiffness in female mice in the setting of WD consumption, likely because of its TG2 inhibitory capacity.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study evaluates the novel role of transglutaminase 2 (TG2) inhibition to directly treat vascular stiffness. Our data demonstrate that cystamine, a nonspecific TG2 inhibitor, improves vascular stiffness induced by a diet rich in fat, fructose, and salt. This research suggests that TG2 inhibition might bear therapeutic potential to reduce the disproportionate burden of cardiovascular disease in females in conditions of chronic overnutrition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco I. Ramirez-Perez
- 1Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri,2Biomedical, Biological, and Chemical Engineering Department, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | | | - Adam T. Whaley-Connell
- 3Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial
Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, Missouri,4Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri,5Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Annayya R. Aroor
- 3Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial
Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, Missouri,5Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | | | - Makenzie L. Woodford
- 1Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Thaysa Ghiarone
- 1Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Larissa Ferreira-Santos
- 1Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri,6Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de
Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade
de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thomas J. Jurrissen
- 1Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri,7Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Camila M. Manrique-Acevedo
- 1Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri,3Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial
Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, Missouri,5Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - GuangHong Jia
- 3Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial
Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, Missouri,5Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Vincent G. DeMarco
- 3Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial
Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, Missouri,4Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri,5Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri,8Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Jaume Padilla
- 1Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri,7Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Luis A. Martinez-Lemus
- 1Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri,2Biomedical, Biological, and Chemical Engineering Department, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri,8Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Guido Lastra
- 3Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial
Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, Missouri,5Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yue L, Chen S, Ren Q, Niu S, Pan X, Chen X, Li Z, Chen X. Effects of semaglutide on vascular structure and proteomics in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:995007. [PMID: 36419767 PMCID: PMC9676360 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.995007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. To determine whether semaglutide could improve aortic injury in obese C57BL/6J mice, and further explore its molecular mechanism of action using proteomics. METHODS 24 C57BL/6J male mice were randomly divided into normal diet group (NCD group), high-fat diet group (HFD group) and high-fat diet + semaglutide group (Sema group, semaglutide (30 nmol/kg/d) for 12 weeks). The serum samples were collected from mice to detect blood glucose, insulin and blood lipid concentrations. Aortic stiffness was detected by Doppler pulse wave velocity (PWV). Changes in vascular structure were detected by HE, masson, EVG staining and electron microscopy. The aorta-related protein expression profiles were detected by proteomic techniques, and proteins with potential molecular mechanisms were identified. RESULTS Semaglutide could reduce body weight, the concentrations of blood glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and reduce the aortic PWV and ameliorate vascular damage in obese mice. The results of proteomic analysis showed there were 537 up-regulated differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and 322 down-regulated DEPs in NCD/HFD group, 251 up-regulated DEPs and 237 down-regulated proteins in HFD/Sema group. There were a total of 25 meaningful overlapping DEPs in the NCD/HFD and HFD/Sema groups. GO enrichment analysis of overlapping DEPs found that these differential proteins were mainly located in the signaling pathways of the extracellular matrix. The most obvious changes of extracellular matrix associated proteins in the three experimental groups were Coll5a1, Lama4, Sparc. CONCLUSION Semaglutide may protect vascular structure and improve endothelial permeability by reducing the levels of Coll5a1, Lama4, Sparc in extracellular matrix, so as to improve vascular function and achieve vascular protection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yue
- Department of Internal Medical, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shuchun Chen
- Department of Internal Medical, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Internal Medical, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Shuchun Chen,
| | - Qingjuan Ren
- Department of Endocrinology, Shijiazhuang People’s Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shu Niu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shijiazhuang People’s Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Pan
- Department of Internal Medical, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Department of Internal Medical, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zelin Li
- Department of Internal Medical, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- Department of Internal Medical, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Gilbertson NM, Eichner NZM, Gaitán JM, Khurshid M, Rexrode EA, Kranz S, Hallowell PT, Malin SK. Effect of presurgical aerobic exercise on cardiometabolic health 30 days after bariatric surgery. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e15039. [PMID: 34713979 PMCID: PMC8554771 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the effect of preoperative standard medical care (SC) vs. unsupervised aerobic exercise combined with SC (EX + SC) on cardiometabolic health and quality of life (QoL) 30 days after bariatric surgery. Bariatric patients (n = 14, age: 42.3 ± 2.5 years, body mass index: 45.1 ± 2.5 kg/m2 ) were match-paired to presurgical SC (n = 7) or EX + SC (n = 7; walking 30 min/day, 5 day/week, 65-85% HRpeak ) for 30 days. Body composition, peak cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2 peak), QoL, inflammation (adiponectin, leptin, cytokeratin-18), and a 120 min mixed meal tolerance test was performed to assess aortic waveforms (augmentation index, AIx@75), insulin sensitivity, and glucose total area under the curve (tAUC) at the time of surgery (post-intervention) and 30 days post-surgery. EX + SC had significantly higher high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin (p = 0.01) and ratio of HMW to total adiponectin (p = 0.04) than SC at 30 days post-surgery, although they significantly (p = 0.006; ES = 1.86) decreased total time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). SC had a significantly greater increase in VO2 peak (p = 0.02; ES = 1.54) and decrease in 120 min AIx@75 (p = 0.02; ES = 1.78) than EX + SC during the post-surgical period. The increase in MVPA was associated with a reduction in cytokeratin-18 (r = -0.67, p = 0.02). Increased VO2 peak was associated with increased activity/mobility QoL domain (r = 0.52, p = 0.05) and decreased 120 min AIx@75 (r = -0.61, p = 0.03) from surgery to post-surgery. Preoperative EX + SC did not maintain more favorable cardiometabolic health 30 days post-operation in this pilot study. However, changes in MVPA appear important for QoL and should be considered in future work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Julian M. Gaitán
- Department of KinesiologyUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - Mahnoor Khurshid
- Department of KinesiologyUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | | | - Sibylle Kranz
- Department of KinesiologyUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | | | - Steven K. Malin
- Department of Kinesiology and HealthRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and NutritionRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
- New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and HealthRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
- Institute of Translational Medicine and ScienceRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Nedogoda SV, Salasyuk AS, Barykina IN, Lutova VO, Popova EA. Identifying Early Vascular Ageing in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome: Unresolved Issues and a Proposed Novel VAmets Score. Heart Lung Circ 2021; 30:1752-1761. [PMID: 34426074 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.06.533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify the features of early vascular ageing (EVA) in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS), to assess the accuracy of existing methods for determining vascular age in MetS, and to derive a new score (VAmets) for the calculation of vascular age and predicting EVA in patients with MetS. METHODS Prospective open cohort study using routinely collected data from general practice. A total of 750 patients (age, 35-80 yrs old) with MetS were examined. EVA syndrome was detected in 484 patients with MetS and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) values exceeding average expected for age values by 2 or more standard deviations (SD). RESULTS The presence of type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance (IR) were associated with greater risk of EVA in MetS patients; the odds ratios were 2.75 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.34, 3.35) and 1.57 (95% CI: 1.16, 2.00), respectively. In addition, the risk of EVA increased by 76% with an increase in homeostatic model assessment ofinsulin resistance (HOMA-IR) by 1 unit, by 17% with an increase in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) by 1 mg/L, by 4% with an increase in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) by 1 mmHg, and by 1% with each (1) μmol/L increase in the level of uric acid (UA). The area under the curve (AUC) for predicting EVA in patients with MetS was 0.949 (95% CI: 0.936-0.963), 0.630 (95% CI: 0.589-0.671), 0.697 (95% CI: 0.659-0.736) and 0.686 (95% CI: 0.647-0.726), for vascular age calculated from carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) scale, QRESEARCH cardiovascular risk algorithm (QRISK-3) scale, and Framingham scale, respectively. Diabetes mellitus and clinical markers of IR (yes/no), HOMA-IR and UA level were used to develop a new VAmets score for EVA prediction providing a total accuracy of 0.830 (95% CI: 0.799-0.860). Based on the results of the study, a VAmets calculator was developed for diagnosing EVA in patients with MetS. (The calculator is available online at https://apps.medhub.pro/evams/) CONCLUSION: Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity is at present the most widely studied index of arterial stiffness and fulfils most of the stringent criteria for a clinically useful biomarker of EVA in patients with MetS. There are parallel efforts for the effective identification and integration of a simple clinical score into clinical practice. Our score (VAmets) may accurately identify patients with MetS and EVA on the basis of widely available clinical variables and classic cardiovascular risk factors, and may assist in prioritising the calculation and use of vascular age in routine care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V Nedogoda
- Volgograd State Medical University Under Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Volgograd, Russia
| | - Alla S Salasyuk
- Volgograd State Medical University Under Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Volgograd, Russia.
| | - Irina N Barykina
- Volgograd State Medical University Under Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Volgograd, Russia
| | - Viktoria O Lutova
- Volgograd State Medical University Under Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Volgograd, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Popova
- Volgograd State Medical University Under Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Volgograd, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kianu Phanzu B, Nkodila Natuhoyila A, Nzundu Tufuankenda A, Kokusa Zamani R, Limbole Baliko E, Kintoki Vita E, M’buyamba Kabangu JR, Longo-Mbenza B. Insulin resistance-related differences in the relationship between left ventricular hypertrophy and cardiorespiratory fitness in hypertensive Black sub-Saharan Africans. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE 2021; 11:587-600. [PMID: 34849290 PMCID: PMC8611263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is associated with impaired cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), a surrogate marker of poor outcome. Insulin resistance (IR) plays a central role in all stages of cardiovascular disease continuum. This study evaluates IR-related differences in the relationship between left ventricular mass (LVM) and CRF in asymptomatic newly diagnosed hypertensive Black sub-Saharan Africans. METHODS In this cross-sectional observational study, 126 asymptomatic newly diagnosed hypertensive participants (50.5 ± 9.5 years) underwent comprehensive resting transthoracic echocardiographic examination and maximal incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). CRF was estimated in maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). CPET results were compared between participants with and without LVH. Multivariate analysis examined the influence of IR on the observed differences. RESULTS Those with LVH had lower VO2max (15.7 ± 5.5 mL min-1 kg-1 vs. 18.4 ± 3.7 mL min-1 kg-1; P = 0.001) than those without LVH. In patients with IR, LVM (r = -0.261, P = 0.012), LVM indexed to body surface area (LVMIbsa; r = -0.229, P = 0.027), and LVM indexed to height to an allometric power of 2.7 (LVMIh2.7; r = -0.351, P = 0.001), and VO2max were negatively correlated. In hypertensive patients without IR, these same parameters and VO2max have no significant correlation. Body mass index (BMI), LVM, and LVMIbsa emerged as independent determinants of VO2max, explaining 46.9% of its variability (overall P = 0.001) in IR participants, a relationship not found in participants without IR. CONCLUSIONS IR may participate in the deterioration of CRF associated with LVH. Measures to improve insulin sensitivity should be considered for improving CRF and therefore the prognosis of insulin-resistant hypertensive patients. Targeting IR in hypertensive patients with LVH could improve prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Kianu Phanzu
- Unit of Cardiology, University Hospital of KinshasaKinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
- Centre Médical de Kinshasa (CMK)Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | | | | | - Roger Kokusa Zamani
- Provincial Reference Hospital of KinshasaKinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | | | - Eleuthère Kintoki Vita
- Unit of Cardiology, University Hospital of KinshasaKinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | | | - Benjamin Longo-Mbenza
- Unit of Cardiology, University Hospital of KinshasaKinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Su Y, Wang S, Sun J, Zhang Y, Ma S, Li M, Zhang A, Cheng B, Cai S, Bao Q, Zhu P. Triglyceride Glucose Index Associated With Arterial Stiffness in Chinese Community-Dwelling Elderly. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:737899. [PMID: 34589530 PMCID: PMC8473610 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.737899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The population of older adults is growing rapidly with the increasing pace of aging worldwide. The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index has been a convenient and reliable surrogate marker of insulin resistance (IR). This study aimed to determine the association between the TyG index and arterial stiffness assessed by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) in Chinese older adults. Methods: A total of 2,035 participants aged 60 years or above were enrolled. Demographic, anthropometric, and cardiovascular risk factors were collected. TyG index was calculated using ln (fasting triglycerides [mg/dL] × fasting glucose [mg/dL]/2). Arterial stiffness was measured using baPWV. Results: The participants, with the mean [standard deviation (SD)] age of 71.32 (6.75) years, the female proportion of 39.65%, the mean (SD) baPWV of 1,998 (437) cm/s, and the mean (SD) TyG index of 8.86 (0.54), were divided into four groups according to TyG index quartiles. Age-adjusted baPWV presented an increasing trend according to TyG index quartiles. In the fully adjusted linear regression model, the baPWV increased 49 cm/s, with the 95% confidence interval (CI) from 24 to 75 cm/s, per-SD increase in the TyG index. In the fully-adjusted logistic regression model, the odds ratio (95% CI) of high baPWV (>75th percentile) was 1.32 (1.09, 1.60) for each SD increase in the TyG index. The generalized additive model analysis also confirmed the significant association of the TyG index with baPWV and high baPWV. Conclusion: The TyG index is significantly associated with arterial stiffness assessed by baPWV in Chinese older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongkang Su
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.,Department of Geriatrics, The Second Medical Centre, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuxia Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Medical Centre, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.,Department of Geriatrics, The Second Medical Centre, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Cadre Clinic, The First Medical Centre, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shouyuan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Centre, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Man Li
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Anhang Zhang
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.,Department of Geriatrics, The Second Medical Centre, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bokai Cheng
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.,Department of Geriatrics, The Second Medical Centre, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Cai
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.,Department of Geriatrics, The Second Medical Centre, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiligeer Bao
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.,Department of Geriatrics, The Second Medical Centre, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Medical Centre, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Koutsaliaris IK, Moschonas IC, Pechlivani LM, Tsouka AN, Tselepis AD. Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Vascular Aging And Atherosclerotic Ischemic Stroke. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:5496-5509. [PMID: 34547993 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210921161711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Vascular aging is a crucial risk factor for atherosclerotic ischemic stroke. Vascular aging is characterized by oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, intimal and media thickening, as well as the gradual development of arterial stiffness, among other pathophysiological features. Regarding oxidative stress, increased concentration of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species is linked to atherosclerotic ischemic stroke in vascular aging. Additionally, oxidative stress is associated with an inflammatory response. Inflammation is related to aging through the "inflammaging" theory, which is characterized by decreased ability to cope with a variety of stressors, in combination with an increased pro-inflammatory state. Vascular aging is correlated with changes in cerebral arteries that are considered predictors of the risk for atherosclerotic ischemic stroke. The aim of the present review is to present the role of oxidative stress and inflammation in vascular aging, as well as their involvement in atherosclerotic ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis K Koutsaliaris
- Atherothrombosis Research Centre/Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina. Greece
| | - Iraklis C Moschonas
- Atherothrombosis Research Centre/Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina. Greece
| | - Louisa M Pechlivani
- Atherothrombosis Research Centre/Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina. Greece
| | - Aikaterini N Tsouka
- Atherothrombosis Research Centre/Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina. Greece
| | - Alexandros D Tselepis
- Atherothrombosis Research Centre/Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina. Greece
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Durante W, Behnammanesh G, Peyton KJ. Effects of Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitors on Vascular Cell Function and Arterial Remodeling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168786. [PMID: 34445519 PMCID: PMC8396183 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetes. Recent clinical studies indicate that sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors improve cardiovascular outcomes in patients with diabetes. The mechanism underlying the beneficial effect of SGLT2 inhibitors is not completely clear but may involve direct actions on vascular cells. SGLT2 inhibitors increase the bioavailability of endothelium-derived nitric oxide and thereby restore endothelium-dependent vasodilation in diabetes. In addition, SGLT2 inhibitors favorably regulate the proliferation, migration, differentiation, survival, and senescence of endothelial cells (ECs). Moreover, they exert potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in ECs. SGLT2 inhibitors also inhibit the contraction of vascular smooth muscle cells and block the proliferation and migration of these cells. Furthermore, studies demonstrate that SGLT2 inhibitors prevent postangioplasty restenosis, maladaptive remodeling of the vasculature in pulmonary arterial hypertension, the formation of abdominal aortic aneurysms, and the acceleration of arterial stiffness in diabetes. However, the role of SGLT2 in mediating the vascular actions of these drugs remains to be established as important off-target effects of SGLT2 inhibitors have been identified. Future studies distinguishing drug- versus class-specific effects may optimize the selection of specific SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with distinct cardiovascular pathologies.
Collapse
|
46
|
Nosrati-Oskouie M, Arefinia S, Eslami Hasan Abadi S, Norouzy A, Khedmatgozar H, Aghili-Moghaddam NS, Alinezhad-Namaghi M, Shadmand Foumani Moghadam MR, Rezvani R. Evaluation of non-invasive arterial stiffness parameters and their relationship with physical activity, anthropometric indices and lipid profiles in healthy middle-aged adults: Results of the PERSIAN cohort study. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14275. [PMID: 33914387 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arterial stiffness (AS) indicates the initial stage of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is associated with modifiable and lifestyle risk factors. We aimed to examine the association of AS with anthropometric indices, lipid profiles and physical activity (PA). METHODS Six hundred and fifty-eight healthy middle-aged adults were selected and anthropometric indices [body mass index, waist circumferences (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), neck circumferences, a body shape index (ABSI), body roundness index (BRI), body fat mass (BFM), visceral fat area, fat-free mass (FFM), lipid profiles and PA] were measured. AS is measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) and central augmentation index (cAIx). RESULTS Our results show that cf-PWV was positively associated with TGs (β = 0.10, P = .01) and anthropometric indices correlated with WC (β = 0.11, P = .02), WHR (β = 0.09, P = .03), WHtR (β = 0.1, P = .02) and BRI (β = 0.09, P = .04). cAIx was independently positively associated with cholesterol (β = 0.08, P = .03), WC (β = 0.1, P = .03), WHR (β = 0.09, P = .02), ABSI (β = 0.09, P = .01), BRI (β = 0.08, P = .05), visceral fat area (β = 0.09, P = .03) and BFM (β = 0.08, P = .04) and negatively associated with PA (β = -0.08, P = .03). CONCLUSIONS WC, WHR and BRI were associated with both cf-PWV and cAIx. TGs and WHtR were associated with cf-PWV, while cAIx was associated with ABSI, improving these indices may be helpful to prevent CVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nosrati-Oskouie
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajjad Arefinia
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Department of nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeed Eslami Hasan Abadi
- Department of Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Norouzy
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamed Khedmatgozar
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomics, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Nazanin Sadat Aghili-Moghaddam
- Student Research Committee, Department of nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Alinezhad-Namaghi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Reza Rezvani
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Hill MA, Yang Y, Zhang L, Sun Z, Jia G, Parrish AR, Sowers JR. Insulin resistance, cardiovascular stiffening and cardiovascular disease. Metabolism 2021; 119:154766. [PMID: 33766485 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) and obesity are typically characterized by a state of metabolic insulin resistance. As global and US rates of obesity increase there is an acceleration of the incidence and prevalence of insulin resistance along with associated cardiovascular disease (CVD). Under physiological conditions insulin regulates glucose homeostasis by enhancing glucose disposal in insulin sensitive tissues while also regulating delivery of nutrients through its vasodilation actions on small feed arteries. Specifically, insulin-mediated production of nitric oxide (NO) from the vascular endothelium leads to increased blood flow enhancing disposal of glucose. Typically, insulin resistance is considered as a decrease in sensitivity or responsiveness to the metabolic actions of insulin including insulin-mediated glucose disposal. However, a decreased sensitivity to the normal vascular actions of insulin, especially diminished nitric oxide production, plays an additional important role in the development of CVD in states of insulin resistance. One mechanism by which insulin resistance and attendant hyperinsulinemia promote CVD is via increases in vascular stiffness. Although obesity and insulin resistance are known to be associated with substantial increases in the prevalence of vascular fibrosis and stiffness the mechanisms and mediators that underlie vascular stiffening in insulin resistant states are complex and have only recently begun to be addressed. Current evidence supports the role of increased plasma levels of aldosterone and insulin and attendant reductions in bioavailable NO in the pathogenesis of impaired vascular relaxation and vascular stiffness in the CMS and obesity. Aldosterone and insulin both increase the activity of serum and glucocorticoid kinase 1 (SGK-1) which in turn is a major regulator of vascular and renal sodium (Na+) channel activity.The importance of SGK-1 in the pathogenesis of the CMS is highlighted by observations that gain of function mutations in SGK-1 in humans promotes hypertension, insulin resistance and obesity. In endothelial cells, an increase in Na+ flux contributes to remodeling of the cytoskeleton, reduced NO bioavailability and vascular stiffening. Thus, endothelial SGK-1 may represent a point of convergence for insulin and aldosterone signaling in arterial stiffness associated with obesity and the CMS. This review examines our contemporary understanding of the link between insulin resistance and increased vascular stiffness with emphasis placed on a role for enhanced SGK-1 signaling as a key node in this pathological process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Hill
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
| | - Yan Yang
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Liping Zhang
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Zhe Sun
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Guanghong Jia
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Alan R Parrish
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - James R Sowers
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Kwak JH, Choi YH. Sex and body mass index dependent associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and pulse pressure in middle-aged and older US adults. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9989. [PMID: 33976245 PMCID: PMC8113426 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88855-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
High pulse pressure (PP) is a valid indicator of arterial stiffness. Many studies have reported that vitamin D concentration is inversely associated with vascular stiffening. This association may differ depending on sex and body mass index (BMI). This study investigated the associations between vitamin D and PP and evaluated whether these associations differ according to sex and BMI, using data for individuals aged ≥ 50 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2010. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations were used as biomarkers of vitamin D levels. High PP was defined as ≥ 60 mmHg. Total 25(OH)D concentrations were dose-dependently associated with lower odds ratios (ORs) for high PP (p-trend = 0.01), after controlling for sociodemographic, behavioral, and dietary factors. When stratified by sex, there was a dose-dependent association between total 25(OH)D concentrations and lower risk of high PP (p-trend < 0.001) in females, but not in males. When stratified by BMI, there was a dose-dependent association between total 25(OH)D concentrations and lower risk of high PP (p-trend < 0.001) in non-overweight subjects, but not in overweight subjects. Improving the vitamin D status could delay elevation of PP and vascular stiffening in female and non-overweight subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hyun Kwak
- grid.256155.00000 0004 0647 2973Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, 155 Gaetbeol-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21999 Republic of Korea ,grid.255588.70000 0004 1798 4296Department of Food and Nutrition, Eulji University, 553 Sanseong-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam, 13135 Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Hyeong Choi
- grid.256155.00000 0004 0647 2973Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, 155 Gaetbeol-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21999 Republic of Korea ,Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Gul M, Inci S, Aktas H, Yildirim O, Alsancak Y, Ozkan N. Dynamic changes in aortic stiffness after substantial weight loss by laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in patients with obesity: a 1-year follow-up study. J Investig Med 2021; 69:1168-1174. [PMID: 33771842 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2021-001778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Arterial stiffness has been identified as a powerful and independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of aortic stiffness (AS) and adverse cardiovascular events. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the effects of weight loss after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) on AS in individuals with morbid obesity by using the transthoracic echocardiography (TTE).A total of 53 patients with obesity (17 males, 36 females) who underwent LSG and did not have any known heart disease were included in the study. The AS parameters were measured with TTE. The demographic and echocardiographic data of the patients were studied before, at 1 month and 12 months after surgery.The mean age of the study group was 34.41±11.62, 68% of whom were female. There were no significant differences in terms of the standard echocardiography and Doppler measurements as compared with preoperative values (all p>0.05). When the elastic parameters of the aorta were compared, no significant differences were detected regarding aortic strain (%) ((16.28±4.11) vs (16.68±4.56), p=(0.998)), distensibility (cm2/dyn) ((6.74±1.78) vs (7.03±2.31), p=(0.997)) and Aortic Stiffness Index values ((10.73±3.84) vs (10.63±3.34), p=0.998) between baseline and first month after surgery. In the 12-month follow-up, it was determined that the aortic strain ((16.28±4.11) vs (22.74±5.79), p≤0.001) and distensibility ((6.74±1.78) vs (10.34±3.059), p<0.001)) values increased at significant levels.Weight loss by LSG improves arterial stiffness parameters in patients with obesity over a 1-year follow-up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murat Gul
- Department of Cardiology, Aksaray University, School of Medicine, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Sinan Inci
- Department of Cardiology, Aksaray University, School of Medicine, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Halil Aktas
- Department of Cardiology, Aksaray University, School of Medicine, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Oguz Yildirim
- Department of Cardiology, Aksaray Education and Research Hospital, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Yakup Alsancak
- Department of Cardiology, Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Namik Ozkan
- Department of General Surgery, Aksaray University, School of Medicine, Aksaray, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Oxidative Stress and Vascular Damage in the Context of Obesity: The Hidden Guest. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030406. [PMID: 33800427 PMCID: PMC7999611 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The vascular system plays a central role in the transport of cells, oxygen and nutrients between different regions of the body, depending on the needs, as well as of metabolic waste products for their elimination. While the structure of different components of the vascular system varies, these structures, especially those of main arteries and arterioles, can be affected by the presence of different cardiovascular risk factors, including obesity. This vascular remodeling is mainly characterized by a thickening of the media layer as a consequence of changes in smooth muscle cells or excessive fibrosis accumulation. These vascular changes associated with obesity can trigger functional alterations, with endothelial dysfunction and vascular stiffness being especially common features of obese vessels. These changes can also lead to impaired tissue perfusion that may affect multiple tissues and organs. In this review, we focus on the role played by perivascular adipose tissue, the activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and endoplasmic reticulum stress in the vascular dysfunction associated with obesity. In addition, the participation of oxidative stress in this vascular damage, which can be produced in the perivascular adipose tissue as well as in other components of the vascular wall, is updated.
Collapse
|