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Somani R, Muntaner C, Velonis AJ, Smith P, Hillan EM. Factors Contributing to Increased Workplace Violence Against Nurses During COVID-19 in the Healthcare Settings of a Lower Middle-income Country: A Qualitative Study. Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci) 2024; 18:148-158. [PMID: 38697611 DOI: 10.1016/j.anr.2024.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to provide the perceptions of nurses, nursing supervisors, and nursing administrators about factors contributing to increased workplace violence (WPV) against nurses within the healthcare settings in Pakistan during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This study used a Descriptive Qualitative design, with a purposive sampling technique. From September to December 2021, In-depth interviews of 45 to 60 minutes, using a semistructured interview guide, we collected data from a private and a public healthcare setting in Pakistan. Given the travel restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic, these interviews were conducted online, using Zoom audio features. Bedside nurses, nursing supervisors, and nursing administrators with at least six months of work experience participated in this study. RESULTS The qualitative data analysis steps suggested by Braun and Clarke (2013) were used for thematic analysis. The overarching theme emerging from the data was "Factors perceived by nurses that contributed to increased WPV in their work settings during the first wave of COVID-19, in a lower middle-income country" The subthemes from the participants' narrations were (a) highly stressed patients, attendants, and healthcare workers; (b) the financial burden on patients and their families; (c) lack of resources and shortage of staff; (d) restricted visiting policy and a weak security system; (e) lack of awareness about the seriousness of COVID-19; (f) misconceptions about COVID-19 vaccines and nurses' role in disseminating awareness. CONCLUSIONS The current pandemic increased the intensity of WPV against nurses in healthcare settings in Pakistan. Despite any supposed reasons for WPV, exposure to violence should never be an acceptable part of nursing. The healthcare system in Pakistan needs to pay equal attention to funding, resource provision, and ensuring a safe working environment for healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozina Somani
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg, Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Canada.
| | - Carles Muntaner
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg, Faculty of Nursing and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Alisa J Velonis
- School of Public Health, Division of Community Health Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, USA
| | - Peter Smith
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Edith M Hillan
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg, Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Canada
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Chadli S, Nechba Bennis R, Madani N, El Fahime E, Abouqal R, Belayachi J. Psychological Distress Associated with Enforced Hospital Isolation Due to COVID-19 during the "Flatten the Curve" Phase in Morocco: A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:548. [PMID: 38470659 PMCID: PMC10930375 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12050548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: although much research has highlighted the mental health challenges faced by patients in hospital isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic, data from low-middle-income countries, including Morocco, are lacking. The main objective of this study was to assess the psychological distress of patients undergoing enforced hospital isolation during the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Morocco. (2) Methods: we conducted a cross-sectional study between 1 April and 1 May 2020, among patients hospitalized in isolation for suspected or confirmed COVID-19 at the Ibn Sina University Hospital of Rabat, Morocco. Anxiety and depression were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Binary logistic regression was performed to identify variables associated with anxiety and depression, with a cutoff of ≥8 used for both scales to create dichotomous variables. (3) Results: among 200 patients, 42.5% and 43% scored above the cut-off points for anxiety and depression, respectively. Multiple logistic regression identified female gender, a higher education level, a longer duration of isolation, and a poor understanding of the reasons for isolation as significant factors associated with anxiety. Conversely, female gender, chronic disease, a longer duration of isolation, and a poor understanding of the reasons for isolation were factors significantly associated with depression. (4) Conclusions: our study underscores high rates of anxiety and depression among patients forced into hospital isolation during the initial phase of COVID-19 in Morocco. We identified several factors associated with patients experiencing psychological distress that may inform future discussions on mental health and psychiatric crisis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarra Chadli
- Acute Medical Unit, Ibn Sina University Hospital, Rabat 10056, Morocco; (S.C.); (R.A.)
| | - Rhita Nechba Bennis
- Acute Medical Unit, Ibn Sina University Hospital, Rabat 10056, Morocco; (S.C.); (R.A.)
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical, and Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Naoufel Madani
- Acute Medical Unit, Ibn Sina University Hospital, Rabat 10056, Morocco; (S.C.); (R.A.)
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical, and Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - ElMostafa El Fahime
- Molecular Biology and Functional Genomics Platform, National Center for Scientific and Technical Research (CNRST), Rabat 10000, Morocco
- Neuroscience and Neurogenetics Research Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Redouane Abouqal
- Acute Medical Unit, Ibn Sina University Hospital, Rabat 10056, Morocco; (S.C.); (R.A.)
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical, and Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Jihane Belayachi
- Acute Medical Unit, Ibn Sina University Hospital, Rabat 10056, Morocco; (S.C.); (R.A.)
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical, and Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
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Gershfeld-Litvin A, Ressler I. Psychological experiences of patients recovering from severe COVID-19 in rehabilitation: A qualitative study. J Health Psychol 2023; 28:1320-1330. [PMID: 37246370 PMCID: PMC10227547 DOI: 10.1177/13591053231174940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to describe the experiences of post-sedation COVID-19 patients in rehabilitation. Eleven Israeli men and women were interviewed in semi-structured interviews. They were patients recovering in a neurological rehabilitation unit from severe COVID-19 post-mechanical ventilation and sedation. Five themes were generated through thematic analysis: "an unexpected turn of events," "filling the gaps," "emotional reactions," "ambiguity regarding medical condition," and "sense and meaning-making." Findings suggest a need for improved communication between patients and medical staff to enhance a sense of control and coherence. Psychological support should be considered to facilitate sense and meaning-making processes during hospitalization.
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Lovik A, González-Hijón J, Hoffart A, Fawns-Ritchie C, Magnúsdóttir I, Lu L, Unnarsdóttir AB, Kähler AK, Campbell A, Hauksdóttir A, Chourpiliadis C, McCartney DL, Thordardóttir EB, Joyce EE, Frans EM, Jakobsdóttir J, Trogstad L, Andreassen OA, Magnus P, Johnson SU, Sullivan PF, Aspelund T, Porteous DJ, Ask H, Ebrahimi OV, Valdimarsdóttir UA, Fang F. Elevated symptoms of depression and anxiety among family members and friends of critically ill COVID-19 patients - an observational study of five cohorts across four countries. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. EUROPE 2023; 33:100733. [PMID: 37953992 PMCID: PMC10636287 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2023.100733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Background Little is known regarding the mental health impact of having a significant person (family member and/or close friend) with COVID-19 of different severity. Methods The study included five prospective cohorts from four countries (Iceland, Norway, Sweden, and the UK) with self-reported data on COVID-19 and symptoms of depression and anxiety during March 2020-March 2022. We calculated prevalence ratios (PR) of depression and anxiety in relation to having a significant person with COVID-19 and performed a longitudinal analysis in the Swedish cohort to describe temporal patterns. Findings 162,237 and 168,783 individuals were included in the analysis of depression and anxiety, respectively, of whom 24,718 and 27,003 reported a significant person with COVID-19. Overall, the PR was 1.07 (95% CI: 1.05-1.10) for depression and 1.08 (95% CI: 1.03-1.13) for anxiety in relation to having a significant person with COVID-19. The respective PRs for depression and anxiety were 1.15 (95% CI: 1.08-1.23) and 1.24 (95% CI: 1.14-1.34) if the patient was hospitalized, 1.42 (95% CI: 1.27-1.57) and 1.45 (95% CI: 1.31-1.60) if the patient was ICU-admitted, and 1.34 (95% CI: 1.22-1.46) and 1.36 (95% CI: 1.22-1.51) if the patient died. Individuals with a significant person with hospitalized, ICU-admitted, or fatal COVID-19 showed elevated prevalence of depression and anxiety during the entire year after the COVID-19 diagnosis. Interpretation Family members and close friends of critically ill COVID-19 patients show persistently elevated prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms. Funding This study was primarily supported by NordForsk (COVIDMENT, 105668) and Horizon 2020 (CoMorMent, 847776).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anikó Lovik
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Methodology and Statistics Unit, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Juan González-Hijón
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Asle Hoffart
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute, Modum Bad Psychiatric Hospital, Vikersund, Norway
| | - Chloe Fawns-Ritchie
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
- Division of Psychology, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| | - Ingibjörg Magnúsdóttir
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Li Lu
- Health Management and Policy Institute, School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anna Bára Unnarsdóttir
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Anna K. Kähler
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Arna Hauksdóttir
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Charilaos Chourpiliadis
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel L. McCartney
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Edda Björk Thordardóttir
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Mental Health Services, Landspitali, The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Emily E. Joyce
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emma M. Frans
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Jóhanna Jakobsdóttir
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Lill Trogstad
- Division of Infection Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Per Magnus
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sverre Urnes Johnson
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute, Modum Bad Psychiatric Hospital, Vikersund, Norway
| | - Patrick F. Sullivan
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
- Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Thor Aspelund
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- The Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - David J. Porteous
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Helga Ask
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Omid V. Ebrahimi
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute, Modum Bad Psychiatric Hospital, Vikersund, Norway
| | - Unnur Anna Valdimarsdóttir
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fang Fang
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Lee WC, Chen CL, Pan YJ. Correlates of anxiety and depressive symptoms in inpatients with COVID-19 in Taiwan. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20679. [PMID: 37842555 PMCID: PMC10568106 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Inpatients with COVID-19 may experience high levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms during the pandemic. No prior study has examined these symptoms with COVID-19 inpatients in Taiwan. Using data from a tertiary hospital in Northern Taiwan, we investigated anxiety and depressive symptoms and the associated sociodemographic or clinical characteristics in these patients. Methods Data of anxiety and depressive symptoms by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) as well as the sociodemographic and clinical correlates were retrospectively retrieved and analyzed for COVID-19 patients admitted to Far Eastern Memorial Hospital from June 4 to June 28, 2021. Results In total, 152 patients with COVID-19 were included. Among all the COVID-19 inpatients, 9.9 % (n = 15) had an HADS anxiety score of ≥8 and 7.2 % (n = 11) had an HADS depression score of ≥8. COVID-19 inpatients with HADS anxiety score ≥8 or HADS depression score ≥8 were found to have a longer length of hospital stay compared to the respective comparison group. The female patients, patients aged >55 years, and patients hospitalized for >15 days had significantly higher anxiety scores than did the corresponding comparison groups. Conclusion COVID-19 inpatients with either anxiety or depression were associated with longer length of hospital stay. Age, sex, and hospitalization length were found to be associated with anxiety symptoms in inpatients with COVID-19. Future studies are warranted to elucidate differential mechanisms potentially related to anxiety and depressive symptoms in patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chen Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Lin Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Center for General Education, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ju Pan
- Department of Psychiatry, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
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Poulin TG, Jaworska N, Stelfox HT, Fiest KM, Moss SJ. Clinical practice guideline recommendations for diagnosis and management of anxiety and depression in hospitalized adults with delirium: a systematic review. Syst Rev 2023; 12:174. [PMID: 37749654 PMCID: PMC10519074 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-023-02339-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Delirium commonly occurs in hospitalized adults. Psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can co-occur with delirium, and can be recognized and managed by clinicians using recommendations found in methodological guiding statements called Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs). The specific aims of this review were to: [1] synthesize CPG recommendations for the diagnosis and management of anxiety, depression, and PTSD in adults with delirium in acute care; and [2] identify recent published literature in addition to those identified and reported in a 2017 review on delirium CPG recommendations and quality. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and 21 sites on the Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies listed in the Health Grey Matters Lite tool were searched from inception to February 12, 2021. Selected CPGs focused on delirium in acute care, were endorsed by an international scientific society or governmental organization, and contained at least one recommendation for the diagnosis or management of delirium. Two reviewers independently extracted data in duplicate and independently assessed CPG quality using the AGREE-II tool. Narrative synthesis of CPG recommendations was conducted. RESULTS Title and abstract screening was completed on 7611 records. Full-text review was performed on 197 CPGs. The final review included 27 CPGs of which 7 (26%) provided recommendations for anxiety (4/7, 57%), depression (5/7, 71%), and PTSD (1/7, 14%) in delirium. Twenty CPGs provided recommendations for delirium only (e.g., assess patient regularly, avoid use of benzodiazepines). Recommendations for the diagnosis of psychiatric disorders with delirium included using evidence-based diagnostic criteria and standardized screening tools. Recommendations for the management of psychiatric disorders with delirium included pharmacological (e.g., anxiolytics, antidepressants) and non-pharmacological interventions (e.g., promoting patient orientation using clocks). Guideline quality varied: the lowest was Applicability (mean = 36%); the highest Clarity of Presentation (mean = 76%). CONCLUSIONS There are few available evidence-based CPGs to facilitate appropriate diagnosis and management of anxiety, depression, and PTSD in patients with delirium in acute care. Future guideline developers should incorporate evidence-based recommendations on the diagnosis and management of these psychiatric disorders in delirium. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION Registration number: PROSPERO (CRD42021237056).
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Affiliation(s)
- Therese G Poulin
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Natalia Jaworska
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Henry T Stelfox
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
- O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kirsten M Fiest
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Stephana J Moss
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Rafiei M, Mohammadi Z, Mohamadirizi S. The effect of "Narrative writing reflection" method on the hope of patient with COVID-19: A health promotion intervention. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2023; 12:298. [PMID: 37849879 PMCID: PMC10578558 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1590_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Corona virus disease disease as a life-threatening respiratory disease causes psychological problems including hopelessness in patients. So the aim of this study was to determine the effect of Narrative writing reflection on hope of patient with COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was experimental with a pre-test-post-test and with the control group design. The subjects were randomly divided into the intervention (n = 30) and control (n = 30) groups. The intervention group received Narrative writing reflection. The control group was receiving routine care. Before and after the intervention, the patients were asked to complete the 12-item Herth Hope Index. Data were analyzed with by using spss software and paired t test and independent t-test with a significance level of P < 0.05. RESULTS Independent t-test showed that the hope scores before intervention in both intervention and control groups were not statistically significant (P > 0.05), whereas there was a significant difference between two groups after the intervention (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The results of this study showed that the use of mindfulness methods such as narrative writing in hospitalized and quarantined patients who are unable to communicate with the outside environment could increase the hope in patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Rafiei
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zakyieh Mohammadi
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shahla Mohamadirizi
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Sebastião R, Neto DD, Costa V. Understanding Differential Stress and Mental Health Reactions to COVID-19-Related Events. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20105819. [PMID: 37239546 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20105819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The effects of the pandemic on mental health can be studied through different variables, such as the number of COVID-19 stressors, the stressor types, and the stress responses. Understanding the sources of mental strain is crucial for developing effective interventions. The present study analyzed the relationship between these COVID-19-related variables and positive and negative mental health. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 666 individuals from the Portuguese general population, mostly females (65.5%) between 16-93 years old. They completed self-report measures regarding the number of COVID-19 stressors, the stressor types, the stress responses (IES-R), and positive (MHC-SF) and negative mental health (BSI-18). The results demonstrated that a higher number of COVID-19-experienced stressors and more stress responses were related to worse mental health. Regarding stressor types, experiences not related to the COVID-19 infection (e.g., tension at home) presented the largest effects on mental health. The strongest predictor was the stress responses for negative (β = 0.50) and positive mental health (β = -0.17). The predictors explained more about negative mental health than positive. These findings support the idea that individual appraisals play a crucial role in mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Sebastião
- School of Psychology, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal
- APPsyCI-Applied Psychology Research Center Capabilities & Inclusion, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - David Dias Neto
- School of Psychology, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal
- APPsyCI-Applied Psychology Research Center Capabilities & Inclusion, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Vasco Costa
- School of Psychology, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal
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Zhao YJ, Zhang L, Feng Y, Sha S, Lam MI, Wang YY, Li JX, Su Z, Cheung T, Ungvari GS, Jackson T, An FR, Xiang YT. Prevalence of depression and its association with quality of life among guardians of hospitalized psychiatric patients during the COVID-19 pandemic: a network perspective. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1139742. [PMID: 37252144 PMCID: PMC10213336 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1139742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly affected treatment-seeking behaviors of psychiatric patients and their guardians. Barriers to access of mental health services may contribute to adverse mental health consequences, not only for psychiatric patients, but also for their guardians. This study explored the prevalence of depression and its association with quality of life among guardians of hospitalized psychiatric patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This multi-center, cross-sectional study was conducted in China. Symptoms of depression and anxiety, fatigue level and quality of life (QOL) of guardians were measured with validated Chinese versions of the Patient Health Questionnaire - 9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale - 7 (GAD-7), fatigue numeric rating scale (FNRS), and the first two items of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire - brief version (WHOQOL-BREF), respectively. Independent correlates of depression were evaluated using multiple logistic regression analysis. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to compare global QOL of depressed versus non-depressed guardians. The network structure of depressive symptoms among guardians was constructed using an extended Bayesian Information Criterion (EBIC) model. Results The prevalence of depression among guardians of hospitalized psychiatric patients was 32.4% (95% CI: 29.7-35.2%). GAD-7 total scores (OR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.8-2.1) and fatigue (OR = 1.2, 95% CI: 1.1-1.4) were positively correlated with depression among guardians. After controlling for significant correlates of depression, depressed guardians had lower QOL than non-depressed peers did [F(1, 1,101) = 29.24, p < 0.001]. "Loss of energy" (item 4 of the PHQ-9), "concentration difficulties" (item 7 of the PHQ-9) and "sad mood" (item 2 of the PHQ-9) were the most central symptoms in the network model of depression for guardians. Conclusion About one third of guardians of hospitalized psychiatric patients reported depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. Poorer QOL was related to having depression in this sample. In light of their emergence as key central symptoms, "loss of energy," "concentration problems," and "sad mood" are potentially useful targets for mental health services designed to support caregivers of psychiatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jie Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital and the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital and the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital and the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Sha Sha
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital and the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Ieng Lam
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
- Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macau, Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Yue-Ying Wang
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Jia-Xin Li
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Zhaohui Su
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Teris Cheung
- School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Gabor S. Ungvari
- Section of Psychiatry, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia
- Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Todd Jackson
- Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Feng-Rong An
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital and the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
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Ogawa K, Khan KN, Koshiba A, Fujishita A, Horiguchi G, Teramukai S, Itoh K, Guo SW, Mori T. Association between tissue stress reaction and ACE2/TMPRSS2 expression in endometria of reproductive aged women before and during Covid-19 pandemic. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:229. [PMID: 37142998 PMCID: PMC10158702 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02378-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A potential concern has been raised regarding fertility and reproductive outcome during the Covid-19 pandemic with growing stress and anxiety. However, information on the association between tissue stress reaction and expression profiles of SARS-CoV-2 viral entry proteins, ACE2 and TMPRSS2, in endometria collected from women before (pre-pandemic) and during the Covid-19 pandemic (in-pandemic) is unknown. We aim to investigate the relationship between the expression of stress-reactive proteins and of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in endometria collected from women during these two different time frames. METHODS We retrospectively retrieved tissue blocks of endometrial samples from 25 women in 2019 (pre-pandemic) and 25 women in 2020 (in-pandemic) who underwent hysterectomy for different gynecological indications. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed with endometrial tissue samples that were collected before and during the pandemic, using respective antibodies targeting ACE2/TMPRSS2, ADRB2 and NK1R (stress and anxiety receptor markers, respectively). The quantification of immunoreactive cells for each marker was calculated by the immunoreactive score (IRS) analysis. This retrospective cohort study was limited to small sample size. RESULTS No significant differences in the IRS of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 were found between the endometria that were collected before and during the pandemic with a lack of correlation between ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression in respective endometria (r = 0.11, pre-pandemic; r = 0.04, in-pandemic). The immunostaining levels of stress marker, ADRB2 were significantly higher in the endometria of in-pandemic group (p = 0.015) comparing to that of pre-pandemic group. Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis showed a significant correlation in the expression between ADRB2 and TMPRSS2 (r = 0.41, p = 0.042) in the endometria of in-pandemic group but not in the pre-pandemic group. CONCLUSION The rise in stress and anxiety among women during current pandemic may elicit substantial amount of tissue stress reaction with consequent increase in the expression of SARS-CoV-2 viral entry proteins in their endometria. A lack of correlation between ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression in endometria may reassure women in their reproductive age that they are not more susceptible to infection by SARS-CoV-2 and suggest that stressful women during this pandemic can safely decide to conceive naturally or by artificial reproductive technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanae Ogawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-Cho, Kamigyo-Ku, 602-8566, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Khaleque N Khan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-Cho, Kamigyo-Ku, 602-8566, Kyoto, Japan.
- The Clinical and Translational Research Center, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-Cho, Kamigyo-Ku, 602-8566, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Akemi Koshiba
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-Cho, Kamigyo-Ku, 602-8566, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akira Fujishita
- Department of Gynecology, Saiseikai Nagasaki Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Go Horiguchi
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Teramukai
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kyoko Itoh
- Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sun-Wei Guo
- Shanghai Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Taisuke Mori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-Cho, Kamigyo-Ku, 602-8566, Kyoto, Japan
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11
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Medical clowns in Coronavirus wards: A milestone in further integration into Israeli hospitals. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2023; 51:101742. [PMID: 36867999 PMCID: PMC9943748 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2023.101742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During Covid-19, medical clowns disappeared from hospitals worldwide, ending their in-person visits. However, Israeli 'Dream Doctors' continued in children's wards and gained entrance to the Coronavirus wards. METHODS Using qualitative data from interviews and digital ethnography, the involvement of medical clowns in Coronavirus wards and their challenges were studied. RESULTS Medical clowns integrated mandatory protective gear and adapted their art: altering outfits, body language and interactivity. Spreading laughter and joy improved wards' ambience by uplifting patients', families' and staff's mood. Staff joined the clowns and loosened up in front of them. Reported need for this interaction was great and the clowns' intervention was crucial, leading to a successful trial in general wards, funded by one hospital. CONCLUSIONS Additional working hours and direct payment increased medical clowning's integration in Israeli hospitals. Entering the general wards evolved from the clowns' involvement in the Coronavirus wards.
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Hertz-Palmor N, Ruppin S, Matalon N, Mosheva M, Dorman-Ilan S, Serur Y, Avinir A, Mekori-Domachevsky E, Hasson-Ohayon I, Gross R, Gothelf D, Pessach IM. A 16-month longitudinal investigation of risk and protective factors for mental health outcomes throughout three national lockdowns and a mass vaccination campaign: Evidence from a weighted Israeli sample during COVID-19. Psychiatry Res 2023; 323:115119. [PMID: 36881950 PMCID: PMC9968478 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 is an ongoing global crisis, with a multitude of factors that affect mental health worldwide. We explored potential predictors for the emergence and maintenance of depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in the general population in Israel. METHODS Across the span of 16 months, 2478 people completed a repeated self-report survey which inquired psychiatric symptoms and pandemic related stress factors (PRSF). We applied mixed-effects models to assess how each stressor contributes to depression, anxiety and PTSS at each time point, and longitudinally assessed participants who completed at least two consecutive surveys (n = 400). We weighted our sample to increase representativeness of the population. RESULTS Fatigue was the strongest predictor for depression, anxiety and PTSS at all time points, and predicted deterioration overtime. Financial concerns associated with depression and anxiety at all time points, and with their deterioration overtime. Health related concerns were uniquely associated with anxiety and PTSS at all time points and their deterioration, but not with depression. Improvement in sense of protection overtime associated with decrease in depression and anxiety. Hesitancy towards vaccination was associated to higher financial concerns and lower sense of protection by the authorities. CONCLUSIONS Our findings accentuate the multitude of risk factors for psychiatric morbidity during COVID-19, and the centrality of fatigue in determining mental health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimrod Hertz-Palmor
- The Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children Hospital at Sheba Medical Center, Israel; MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
| | - Shachar Ruppin
- School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Noam Matalon
- The Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children Hospital at Sheba Medical Center, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Mariela Mosheva
- The Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children Hospital at Sheba Medical Center, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Shirel Dorman-Ilan
- The Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children Hospital at Sheba Medical Center, Israel
| | - Yaffa Serur
- The Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children Hospital at Sheba Medical Center, Israel
| | - Asia Avinir
- The Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children Hospital at Sheba Medical Center, Israel
| | - Ehud Mekori-Domachevsky
- The Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children Hospital at Sheba Medical Center, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | | | - Raz Gross
- The Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children Hospital at Sheba Medical Center, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Doron Gothelf
- The Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children Hospital at Sheba Medical Center, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Itai M Pessach
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel; Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
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13
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Gülsoy Z, Karabey T. Quality Of Life and Coping With Stress in Relatives of Patients in Intensive Care Units During COVID-19. Am J Crit Care 2023; 32:205-215. [PMID: 36750183 DOI: 10.4037/ajcc2023612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Factors such as the thought of losing the patient, the uncertainty of the course of the disease, and the inability to obtain sufficient information about the patient are frightening and alarming for relatives of patients in the intensive care unit. OBJECTIVES To determine the quality of life and the style of coping with stress of the relatives of patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This study was descriptive and cross-sectional. A personal information form, the Styles of Coping With Stress Scale, and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey were used to collect data. RESULTS The sample size of the study was 162 relatives of patients in the intensive care unit. There was a highly significant (P = .001) positive correlation between the Styles of Coping With Stress mean scores of the participants and their quality of life (as shown by the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey). CONCLUSIONS In addition to the uncertainty and fear associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, it is very distressing to have a relative who is a patient in the intensive care unit. In this context, it is especially important to improve the level of coping with stress of the relatives of patients in the intensive care unit and to increase their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuhal Gülsoy
- Zuhal Gülsoy is a service responsible nurse at Sivas Cumhuriyet University Hospital, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Tuba Karabey
- Tuba Karabey is an assistant professor, Gaziosmanpasa University Faculty of Health Science, Tokat, Turkey
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14
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Psychological rehabilitation for isolated patients with COVID-19 infection: A randomized controlled study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278475. [PMID: 36574401 PMCID: PMC9794049 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To improve the mental health of isolated patients with COVID-19 by face-to-face psychological rehabilitation program. DESIGN Randomized controlled study. SETTING Single community-based hospital. PARTICIPANTS 109 patients (52 in experimental group, 57 in control group) with COVID-19 were recruited from May 27 to September 17, 2021. INTERVENTIONS A psychological rehabilitation program that consists of education, craft, and physical activity. The activity program was provided by a multidisciplinary rehabilitation team of doctors, nurses, occupational therapists, and physical therapists. The purpose of the education was to provide accurate information about COVID-19, and craft and physical activity were for improving physical health, occupational balance, participation in activities, and reducing boredom. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was degree of anxiety assessed using the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). Secondary outcomes were severity of depression, and quality of sleep assessed using the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Visual Analysis Scale (VAS), and the Korean version of the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI-K). RESULTS Isolated patients complained of anxiety, depression, and insomnia the most in the early stages of hospitalization and isolation. In addition, the psychological rehabilitation program significantly improved mental health scale, including scores of SAS (F = 12.46, p = .001), SDS (F = 6.76, p = .01), and ISI-K (F = 4.41, p = .04). CONCLUSIONS The psychological rehabilitation program is effective for improving anxiety, depression, and quality of sleep for isolated patients with COVID-19.
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15
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David AB, Park CL, Awao S, Vega S, Zuckerman MS, White TF, Hanna D. Religiousness in the first year of COVID-19: A systematic review of empirical research. CURRENT RESEARCH IN ECOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 4:100075. [PMID: 36447517 PMCID: PMC9694412 DOI: 10.1016/j.cresp.2022.100075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic emerged suddenly in early 2020, posing a serious health threat and creating tremendous stress and distress across the world. Religion has been shown to play important and varied roles in previous disasters and health crises, but its roles in the pandemic have yet to be outlined. We aimed to summarize the research conducted on religion and COVID-19 in the first year of the pandemic with a systematic review of studies that specifically involved individual-level religiousness and COVID-19. Searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and PsycINFO covering a one-year period from the first published mention of the novel coronavirus (Jan. 5, 2020) through January 4, 2021. We included articles about COVID-19 that were peer-reviewed and empirical, measured and reported results on religion on an individual level, and were available in English. Our search produced 137 empirical articles that met the inclusion criteria. In the course of sorting studies by their primary focus, eight categories of empirical findings emerged: general distress and wellbeing (53 articles), COVID-19-specific stress (24 articles), beliefs in science, conspiracies, and misinformation (15 articles), COVID-19 public health behaviors (12 articles), perceived risk of COVID-19 (10 articles), perceived growth or positive changes taking place during the pandemic (nine articles), health behaviors (three articles), and consumer behavior (three articles). Findings indicated that religiousness was associated with both unique benefits and challenges and played a significant role in the pandemic. Religiousness was associated with a broad range of outcomes across geographical regions and populations during the first year of COVID-19. It was a commonly reported coping mechanism with varying levels of favorable associations with mental health and COVID-19-related behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam B David
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, 406 Babbidge Rd., Storrs, CT 06269, United States
| | - Crystal L Park
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, 406 Babbidge Rd., Storrs, CT 06269, United States
| | - Sayaka Awao
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, 406 Babbidge Rd., Storrs, CT 06269, United States
| | - Solmary Vega
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, 406 Babbidge Rd., Storrs, CT 06269, United States
| | - Madison S Zuckerman
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, 406 Babbidge Rd., Storrs, CT 06269, United States
| | - Tyler F White
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, 406 Babbidge Rd., Storrs, CT 06269, United States
| | - David Hanna
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, 406 Babbidge Rd., Storrs, CT 06269, United States
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16
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Khubchandani J, Sharma S, Webb FJ, Wiblishauser MJ, Sharma M. COVID-19 Infection among Family and Friends: The Psychological Impact on Non-Infected Persons. Brain Sci 2022; 12:1123. [PMID: 36138859 PMCID: PMC9497068 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12091123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the mental health impact of having a family member or friend infected with COVID-19. Thus, the purpose of this study was to conduct a comprehensive national assessment of the psychological impact of COVID-19 infection, hospitalization, or death among family members and friends. A multi-item valid and reliable questionnaire was deployed online to recruit adults in the U.S. A total of 2797 adult Americans without a history of COVID-19 infection participated in the study and reported that they had a family member or friend infected with (54%), hospitalized due to (48%), or die (36%) of COVID-19 infection. Symptoms of depression, anxiety, or both (i.e., psychological distress) were statistically significantly higher among those who had family members/friends infected, hospitalized, or die due to COVID-19. Also, this study found that the greater the number of family members/friends affected by COVID-19, or the more severe the COVID-19 infection outcome (i.e., hospitalization vs. death), the higher the odds of symptoms of depression, anxiety, or both. There is an urgent need to develop educational interventions and implement policy measures that address the growing mental health needs of this subgroup of the population that was not infected but indirectly affected by COVID-19 infections among social networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagdish Khubchandani
- College of Health, Education & Social Transformation, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA
| | - Sushil Sharma
- Provost Office, Texas A&M University Texarkana, Texarkana, TX 75503, USA
| | - Fern J. Webb
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA
| | - Michael J. Wiblishauser
- School of Education, Health Professions & Human Development, University of Houston-Victoria, Victoria, TX 77901, USA
| | - Manoj Sharma
- School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA
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17
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Foletto VS, da Rosa TF, Serafin MB, Hörner R. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants reduce COVID-19 infection: prospects for use. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2022; 78:1601-1611. [PMID: 35943535 PMCID: PMC9360648 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-022-03372-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The absence of specific treatments for COVID-19 leads to an intense global effort in the search for new therapeutic interventions and better clinical outcomes for patients. This review aimed to present a selection of accepted studies that reported the activity of antidepressant drugs belonging to the selective serotonin receptor inhibitor (SSRI) class for treating the novel coronavirus. Methods A search was performed in PubMed and SciELO databases using the following search strategies: [(coronavirus) OR (COVID) OR (SARS-CoV-2) AND (antidepressant) OR (serotonin) OR (selective serotonin receptor inhibitors)]. In the end, eleven articles were included. We also covered information obtained from ClinicalTrials.gov in our research. Results Although several clinical trials are ongoing, only a few drugs have been officially approved to treat the infection. Remdesivir, an antiviral drug, despite favorable preliminary results, has restricted the use due to the risk of toxicity and methodological flaws. Antidepressant drugs were able to reduce the risk of intubation or death related to COVID-19, decrease the need for intensive medical care, and severely inhibit viral titers by up to 99%. Among the SSRIs studied so far, fluoxetine and fluvoxamine have shown to be the most promising against SARS-CoV-2. Conclusion If successful, these drugs can substantially reduce hospitalization and mortality rates, as well as allow for fully outpatient treatment for mild-to-moderate infections. Thus, repositioning SSRIs can provide benefits when faced with a rapidly evolving pandemic such as COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Taciéli Fagundes da Rosa
- Federal University of Santa Maria, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marissa Bolson Serafin
- Federal University of Santa Maria, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Rosmari Hörner
- Federal University of Santa Maria, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. .,Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Santa Maria, UFSM, Building 26, Room 1201, Santa Maria, RS, 97015-900, Brazil.
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18
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Case KR, Wang CP, Hosek MG, Lill SF, Howell AB, Taylor BS, Bridges J, MacCarthy DJ, Winkler P, Tsevat J. Health-related quality of life and social determinants of health following COVID-19 infection in a predominantly Latino population. J Patient Rep Outcomes 2022; 6:72. [PMID: 35737279 PMCID: PMC9219362 DOI: 10.1186/s41687-022-00473-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the COVID-19 pandemic evolves, more information is needed on its long-term impacts on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and social determinants of health (SDoH). The aim of the study was to assess HRQoL and SDoH among a predominantly Latino population of COVID-19 survivors and to compare effects in Latinos versus non-Latinos. METHODS This cross-sectional study consisted of a survey (in English and Spanish) of COVID-19 survivors from December 2020 to July 2021. The study assessed sociodemographic data, clinical characteristics, and SDoH, consisting of 10 COVID-19-related concerns. The PROMIS-29 + 2 (PROPr) measure, which captures 8 HRQoL domains and a preference-based health utility, was used to assess HRQoL. Bivariate analyses included chi-square tests and t-tests. Generalized linear models were conducted for multivariable analyses. RESULTS Of 230 respondents (6.3% response rate), the mean [SD] age was 43.1 [14.3] years; 83.0% were Latino; the mean [SD] time since diagnosis was 8.1 [3.2] months; and 12.6% had a history of hospitalization with COVID-19. HRQoL scores were slightly worse than population norms on all domains, especially anxiety; the mean [SD] PROPr health utility was 0.36 [0.25]. Domain scores were similar by ethnicity except for cognitive function-abilities, where scores were lower in Latinos. Multivariable analyses revealed that: (1) financial concerns were associated with worse health utility, as well as worse scores on all 8 PROMIS domains; (2) interpersonal conflict was associated with worse health utility and worse scores on 6 of the 8 PROMIS domains (anxiety, depression, fatigue, sleep disturbance, social function, and pain interference); and (3) Latino ethnicity was only associated with 1 PROMIS domain (cognitive function-abilities) after controlling for covariates. CONCLUSION COVID-19 infection is associated with HRQoL decrements long after the acute infection, and financial concerns and interpersonal conflict are particularly associated with worse HRQoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen R Case
- Center for Research to Advance Community Health (ReACH), Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA. .,Division of General and Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - Chen-Pin Wang
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Meredith G Hosek
- Joe R. and Teresa Long School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.,School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, San Antonio Campus, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Sarah F Lill
- Center for Research to Advance Community Health (ReACH), Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Alexandra B Howell
- Joe R. and Teresa Long School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.,School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, San Antonio Campus, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Barbara S Taylor
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - James Bridges
- Center for Research to Advance Community Health (ReACH), Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Division of General and Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Daniel J MacCarthy
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Paula Winkler
- Center for Research to Advance Community Health (ReACH), Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.,School of Nursing, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,South Central Area Health Education Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Joel Tsevat
- Center for Research to Advance Community Health (ReACH), Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Division of General and Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Xiao H, Liu Q, Mei H, Xue Q, Cai X, Xie X, Xia Z, Zhou Y, Li H, Zhu K, Wan Z, Song R, Liu Z. Behavioral problems of pediatric patients recovered from COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2022; 226:103571. [PMID: 35366515 PMCID: PMC8934713 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2022.103571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is profoundly affecting lives around the globe. Previous studies on COVID-19 mainly focused on epidemiological, clinical, and radiological features of patients with confirmed infection. Little attention has been paid to the follow-up of recovered patients. As a vulnerable population to adverse events, the health status of the COVID-19 recovered pediatric patients is of great concern. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of behavioral problems among pediatric patients recovered from the COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. Methods A total of 122 children who were suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases and hospitalized for treatment were enrolled in the study between April 2020 and May 2020 in Wuhan, China. We collected related information about hospitalization and discharge of the children and emotional symptoms of their parents through electronic medical records and questionnaire. The behavioral problems of children were examined by applying the parent-reported the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Results The participant children were discharged from hospital after about two months. Among them, 76 (62%) were boys, and the mean age was 6.71 years old. The highest prevalence of behavioral problems among pediatric children with COVID-19 was for prosocial behavior (15%), followed by total difficulties (13%), emotional symptoms (11%), hyperactivity (10%), conduct problems (9%), and peer problems (1%). With regarding to their parents, 26% reported having symptoms of anxiety and 23% as having symptoms of depression. The scores of SDQ were higher in those children whose parents have emotional problems compared to parents without. Conclusion Long-term follow up studies on the psychological and behavioral problems of COVID-19 recovered children and their parents are warranted.
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Lelisho ME, Merera AM, Tareke SA, Hassen SS, Jemal SS, Markos kontuab A, Bambo MM. Generalized anxiety disorder among mothers attending perinatal services during COVID-19 pandemic: using ordinal logistic regression model. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09778. [PMID: 35761934 PMCID: PMC9220756 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry about a variety of events. It is critical to ensure a pregnant mother's mental health in order to reduce pregnancy and birth-related problems. The major goal of current study was to identify the factors associated with generalized anxiety disorder among mothers attending perinatal services in the study area during COVID-19 using ordinal logistic regression. Methods The institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from July 10th, 2020 to August 10th, 2020 at Kembata Tembaro zone, Southern Ethiopia. The current study included 423 mothers. The GAD-7 scale was used to assess the anxiety level among mothers. An Ordered logit model was used to identify the determinants of GAD. Brant test of the parallel line was utilized to check proportionality assumption. The statistical significance was determined using an adjusted proportional odd ratio with a 95%CI, and a p-value <5%. STATA software version 14 was used to analyze statistical data. Results Of all 423 mothers attending perinatal service during COVID-19; 134(31.7%), 171(40.4%), 85(20.1%), and 33 (7.8%) had non/minimal to severe generalized anxiety disorder respectively. The results of multivariable proportional odds model (POM) showed that the variables town residents [aPOR = 1.827; 95% CI:1.233-2.708], having alcohol habit [aPOR = 3.437, 95% CI = 1.397-8.454], having occupation [aPOR = 0.509, 95% CI: 0.303-0.857], being health care worker [aPOR = 0.117, 95% CI = 0.044-0.311], having chronic illness [aPOR = 7.685, 95% CI = 3.045-19.39], having family history of anxiety/mood disorder [aPOR = 7.839, 95% CI = 2.656-23.12], fear of contracting COVID-19 [aPOR = 1.704, 95% CI = 1.152-2.521], having moderate social support [aPOR = 0.648, 95% CI = 0.425-0.989], having strong social support [aPOR = 0.495, 95% CI = 0.272-0.901] were significantly associated with generalized anxiety disorder at 5% level of significance. Conclusion Current findings concluded that the prevalence of GAD among mothers attending perinatal service during COVID-19 was high. The covariates like being town resident, lower-income status, occupation status, having a chronic illness, having a positive family history of anxiety or mood disorder, perceived social support, and fear of the COVID-19 were significantly associated with generalized anxiety disorder among mothers. Mothers who visit perinatal services should be given special consideration to improve health care services and ensure their mental health.
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21
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Bekar P, Erkul M, Efe E. Investigation of coronavirus anxiety and caregiving burden among the parents of children with cancer during the COVID‐19 outbreak: A descriptive and cross‐sectional study. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2022; 31:e13600. [PMID: 35466488 PMCID: PMC9111339 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.13600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the coronavirus anxiety and caregiving burden of parents of children with cancer during the COVID‐19 outbreak. Methods This descriptive and cross‐sectional study, including 136 parents of children with cancer, was administered through an online survey at a university hospital from 1 to 31 January 2021. Participants completed a questionnaire form, the Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale and the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale. Results This study identified a significant difference in the caregiving burden scores of parents according to whether their relatives had been diagnosed with COVID‐19, whether they were exposed to coronavirus in their environment and whether their children had other illnesses. A significant difference in the coronavirus anxiety scores of parents was observed according to their child's sex and the time elapsed since their child's cancer diagnosis. No correlation was identified between the Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale scores and the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale scores. Conclusion Oncology nurses and other health professionals should be aware of and consider the factors that influence the caregiving burden and coronavirus‐related anxiety experienced by parents of children with cancer during the COVID‐19 outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pınar Bekar
- Bucak School of Health, Department of Child Development Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Bucak/Burdur Turkey
| | - Münevver Erkul
- Department of Paediatric Hematology‐Oncology Akdeniz University Hospital Antalya Turkey
| | - Emine Efe
- Nursing Faculty, Department of Child Health and Diseases Nursing Akdeniz University Antalya Turkey
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22
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Kwon YH, Han HJ, Park E. Nursing Experience of New Nurses Caring for COVID-19 Patients in Military Hospitals: A Qualitative Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10040744. [PMID: 35455921 PMCID: PMC9027116 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10040744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This qualitative study explored the experiences of new nurses with less than one year of clinical experience in caring for COVID-19 patients in a military hospital. In-depth interviews were conducted with six new nurses working in a negative-pressure isolation unit of the Armed Forces Capital Hospital. Data were analyzed using the phenomenological method proposed by Colaizzi, and 12 themes were derived and classified into four clusters: burden of nursing in isolation units; hardship of nursing critically ill patients; efforts to perform nursing tasks; positive changes through patient care. The participants were anxious while caring for COVID-19 patients with severe illness due to a lack of clinical experience. Furthermore, the wearing of heavy personal protective equipment impeded communication with patients, leading to physical and psychological exhaustion. However, they tried to utilize their own know-how and provide the best nursing care, resulting in them gaining confidence. Participants were able to think critically and took pride in being military nursing professionals. This study is meaningful as it provides insight into the experiences of new military nurses who were rapidly dispatched during a national medical crisis. The results can be applied to develop future strategies aimed at improving new nurses’ competency in military hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hoon Kwon
- College of Nursing, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
- Nursing Department, Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Seongnam 13574, Korea;
| | - Hye-Ju Han
- Nursing Department, Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Seongnam 13574, Korea;
| | - Eunyoung Park
- College of Nursing, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-42-580-8323; Fax: +82-42-580-8309
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Akbari A, Dalvand S, Ahmadi F, Khazaei S. Impact of Virtual Training of Jacobson and Benson Relaxation Techniques on the Anxiety among Home-Isolated COVID-19 Patients. TANAFFOS 2022; 21:472-479. [PMID: 37583780 PMCID: PMC10423857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Background High anxiety is a common mental symptom in COVID-19 patients, mainly due to the unknown nature of the disease and the home isolation of patients for recovery. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of the virtual training of relaxation techniques, including Jacobson and Benson techniques, on the anxiety of home-isolated patients with COVID-19. Materials and Methods This clinical trial was conducted in 2020 in Hamadan Sina Hospital, where 60 COVID-19 patients were randomly allocated to an experimental (n = 30) and a control (n = 30) group. Both groups received the usual care. However, in addition to the usual care, COVID-19 patients in the experimental group received relaxation technique training, including Jacobson and Benson techniques, in the form of pamphlets and instructional videos according to the schedule (twice a week for 4 weeks) via WhatsApp. The Spielberger Anxiety Inventory was filled out by subjects before and after the intervention. Results The mean scores of explicit, implicit, and overall anxiety were not significantly different between the control and experimental groups prior to the intervention (P>0.05). However, the mean score of explicit, implicit, and overall anxiety in the control and experimental groups differed significantly after the intervention (p<0.05). Conclusion The results of this study showed that Jacobsen and Benson relaxation techniques are effective in reducing anxiety among COVID-19 patients. Therefore, it is recommended to perform complementary therapeutic interventions for these patients, in addition to the administration of medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Akbari
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Shadi Dalvand
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Forouzan Ahmadi
- Nursing Office, Deputy of Treatment, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Salman Khazaei
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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24
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Sahoo S, Suman A, Mehra A, Nehra R, Bhalla A, Puri GD, Grover S. Cognitive Deficits in Patients with COVID-19 Infection during Their Hospital Stay: An Exploratory Study. J Neurosci Rural Pract 2022; 13:236-245. [PMID: 35694064 PMCID: PMC9187408 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1743445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The literature on presence of cognitive deficits in patients recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is emerging. However, the data on whether cognitive deficits have its onset during the acute phase of illness has not been evaluated extensively. Aim This article estimates the level of cognitive functioning of patients with COVID-19 while they were admitted to COVID-designated wards. Secondary objectives were to assess the influence of medical comorbidities, severity of COVID-19 infection, and depressive and anxiety symptoms on cognitive functioning in patients with COVID-19 infection. Methods Sixty-six clinically stable patients with COVID-19 infection were evaluated during their inpatient stay on Hindi Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale (H-MoCA), Hindi Mini-Mental State Examination (HMSE) scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire -7. Results The mean age of the study participants was 39.85 (standard deviation [SD] 16.89) years and the participants were evaluated after 9.34 (SD 4.98; median 9.0) days of being diagnosed with COVID-19 infection. About one-fourth (28.8%; n = 19) of the participants had cognitive impairment on HMSE and about two-fifths ( n = 26; 39.39%) had cognitive impairment as per the cutoff used for H-MoCA. A higher level of cognitive deficits were seen among participants who were older, diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, and those who required oxygen support during their hospital stay prior to assessment. Conclusion Low cognitive score was found in one-fourth (28.8%) to two-fifths (39.9%) of the persons, depending on the assessment scale among those with acute COVID-19 infection. Low cognitive score was more prevalent among the elderly, those with diabetes mellitus, and those who required oxygen support prior to the assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnajeet Sahoo
- Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India,Address for correspondence Swapnajeet Sahoo, MD Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India
| | - Arzoo Suman
- Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Aseem Mehra
- Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ritu Nehra
- Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ashish Bhalla
- Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Goverdhan Dutt Puri
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sandeep Grover
- Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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25
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Moss SJ, Rosgen BK, Lucini F, Krewulak KD, Soo A, Doig CJ, Patten SB, Stelfox HT, Fiest KM. Psychiatric Outcomes in ICU Patients With Family Visitation: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study. Chest 2022; 162:578-587. [PMID: 35271840 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2022.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lack of family visitation in the ICU can have long-term consequences on patients in the ICU after discharge. The effect of family visitation on the incidence of patient psychiatric disorders is unknown. RESEARCH QUESTION What is the association between family visitation in the ICU and incidence of psychiatric outcomes in patients in the ICU 1 year after hospital discharge? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS This study assessed a population-based retrospective cohort of adult patients admitted to the ICU from January 1, 2014, through May 30, 2017, surviving to hospital discharge with ICU length of stay of ≥ 3 days. To be eligible, patients needed to have minimum of 5 years of administrative data before ICU admission and a minimum of 1 year of follow-up data after hospital discharge. An internally validated algorithm that interpreted natural language in health records determined patients with or without in-person family (ie, relatives, friends) visitation during ICU stay. The primary outcome was risk of an incidence of psychiatric disorder (composite outcome), including anxiety, depressive, trauma- and stressor-related, psychotic, and substance use disorders, identified using coding algorithms for administrative databases. Propensity scores were used in inverse probability weighted logistic regression models, and average treatment effects were converted to risk ratios (RRs) with 95% CIs. Secondary outcomes were incidences of diagnoses by type of psychiatric disorder. RESULTS We included 14,344 patients with (96% [n = 13,771]) and without (4.0% [n = 573]) in-person family visitation who survived hospital discharge. More than one-third of patients received a diagnosis of any psychiatric disorder within 1 year after discharge (34.9%; 95% CI, 34.1%-35.6%). Patients most often received diagnoses of anxiety disorders (17.5%; 95% CI, 16.9%-18.1%) and depressive disorders (17.2%; 95% CI, 16.6%-17.9%). After inverse probability weighting of 13,731 patients, in-person family visitation was associated with a lower risk of received a diagnosis of any incident psychiatric disorder within 1 year after discharge (RR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.68-0.92). INTERPRETATION ICU family visitation is associated with a decreased risk of psychiatric disorders in critically ill patients up to 1 year after hospital discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephana J Moss
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada; O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Brianna K Rosgen
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada; O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Filipe Lucini
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Karla D Krewulak
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Andrea Soo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Christopher J Doig
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Scott B Patten
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Henry T Stelfox
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada; O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kirsten M Fiest
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada; O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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26
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Monistrol-Mula A, Felez-Nobrega M, Domènech-Abella J, Mortier P, Cristóbal-Narváez P, Vilagut G, Olaya B, Ferrer M, Gabarrell-Pascuet A, Alonso J, Haro JM. The impact of COVID-related perceived stress and social support on generalized anxiety and major depressive disorders: moderating effects of pre-pandemic mental disorders. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2022; 21:7. [PMID: 35164779 PMCID: PMC8845272 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-022-00385-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We assessed the moderating effect of pre-pandemic mental disorders on the association of COVID-related perceived stress and social support with mental health. METHODS A nationally representative sample of 3500 Spanish adults was interviewed in June 2020 (mean age 49.25 years, ± 15.64; 51.50% females). Mental health included Generalized Anxiety Disorders (GAD; GAD-7, cut-off point of ≥ 10), Major Depressive Disorders (MDD; PHQ-8, cut-off point of ≥ 10) and the comorbid form (those screening positive for GAD and MDD). COVID-related stress was assessed using an adapted version of the Peri Life Events Scale, and social support using the Oslo Social Support Scale. Logistic regression models were used to assess if COVID-related stress and social support were related to mental health outcomes and interactions were conducted to examine whether these relationships differed according to the presence of pre-pandemic mental disorders. RESULTS Higher COVID-related stress was associated with a higher risk of lower mental health. The association between COVID-related stress with GAD and MDD was significantly moderated by pre-pandemic mental disorders, except for comorbid GAD + MDD. Higher levels of social support were linked to better mental health. Only the association between social support and GAD was significantly moderated by pre-pandemic mental disorders. That is, for those without pre-pandemic mental disorders, higher levels of social support decreased the odds of GAD, while minor decreases were observed in those with pre-pandemic mental disorders. CONCLUSIONS The impact of COVID-related stress and social support on specific indicators of mental health may vary depending on the existence of a previous mental disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Monistrol-Mula
- Research, Teaching and Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Felez-Nobrega
- Research, Teaching and Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain. .,Centre for Biomedical Research on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Joan Domènech-Abella
- Research, Teaching and Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Research on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Sociology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Philippe Mortier
- Health Services Research Unit, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Cristóbal-Narváez
- Research, Teaching and Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Research on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Vilagut
- Health Services Research Unit, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Olaya
- Research, Teaching and Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Research on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Montse Ferrer
- Health Services Research Unit, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Aina Gabarrell-Pascuet
- Research, Teaching and Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Alonso
- Health Services Research Unit, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Life and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Research, Teaching and Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Research on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain.,Departament de Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Left alone outside: A prospective observational cohort study on mental health outcomes among relatives of COVID-19 hospitalized patients. Psychiatry Res 2022; 307:114328. [PMID: 34906830 PMCID: PMC8647392 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Hospitalization due to COVID-19 bears many psychological challenges. While focusing on infected patients, their relatives are being largely neglected. Here, we investigated the mental health implications of hospitalization among relatives, over a one-month course. A single center study was conducted to assess relatives of COVID-19 patients during the first month from their admission to the hospital, and elucidate risk and protective factors for mental health deterioration. Ninety-one relatives of the first patients to be hospitalized in Israel were contacted by phone and screened for anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) at three time points (25-72 hours, 7-18 days, and one month). We found that anxiety and depression decreased significantly during the first month from their admission. Risk factors for deteriorated mental health at one month included feelings of mental exhaustion, financial concerns, and social disconnection. Being an ultra-orthodox was a protective factor for anxiety and depression but not for PTSS. Our findings emphasize the importance of addressing the mental health status of close relatives and adjust support for the unique setting of COVID-19.
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Shah J, Srivastava R, Singh Hada D, Singh M, Jain D. Evaluation of symptoms along with depression, anxiety and stress levels of Sars-CoV-2 positive patients during the second wave in the city of Indore, Central India - a cross sectional study. PRZEGLAD EPIDEMIOLOGICZNY 2022; 76:296-303. [PMID: 36520040 DOI: 10.32394/pe.76.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The consequences of the second wave hitting India have drastically laid a huge impact on the mental state of patients. The second wave had proven to be far more dangerous and hence the psychological evaluation needed to be conducted to know the scenario of patients suffering from SARS-CoV-2. OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to evaluate the symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 patients along with the existing depression, anxiety and stress levels amongst them. MATERIAL AND METHODS An observational, cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was conducted among 351 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the second wave in Indore, Central India. The questionnaire consisted of questions pertaining to socio-demographic characteristics, clinical signs and symptoms. Evaluation of depression, anxiety and stress levels were done by use of 21 item Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-21). RESULTS The most common symptom amongst patients was cough (42.2%) followed by fever (40.2%). Sixty-nine (19.6%) patients were asymptomatic. Depression score was found to have significant, positive weak correlation with age (ρ-0.124, p-0.020, p value <.05). No significant difference was observed between the depression, anxiety and stress score of males and females. Based on the scores assigned to the responses, patients who tested positive were belonging to normal category with no diagnosed depression, anxiety or stress. CONCLUSION The present study showed fever, cough, headache, weakness, and chest pain as the common sign and symptoms of COVID-19 during the second wave. There was a prevalence of low levels of anxiety, stress and depression amongst patients in Radha Saomi Covid Care Centre, Indore during the second wave.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jash Shah
- Malwanchal University, Index Institute of Dental Sciences, Indore
| | | | | | - Mamta Singh
- Malwanchal University, Index Institute of Dental Sciences, Indore
| | - Deepika Jain
- Malwanchal University, Index Institute of Dental Sciences, Indore
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Biagianti B, Zito S, Fornoni C, Ginex V, Bellani M, Bressi C, Brambilla P. Developing a Brief Tele-Psychotherapy Model for COVID-19 Patients and Their Family Members. Front Psychol 2021; 12:784685. [PMID: 34925187 PMCID: PMC8674425 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.784685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic is negatively impacting the mental health of COVID-19 patients and family members. Given the restrictions limiting in person contact to reduce the spread of the virus, a digital approach is needed to tackle the psychological aftermath of the pandemic. We present the development of a brief remote psychotherapy program for COVID-19 patients and/or their relatives. Methods: We first reviewed the literature on psychotherapeutic interventions for COVID-19 related symptoms. Based on this evidence, we leveraged ongoing clinical experiences with COVID-19 survivors and family members to design an intervention model that could be disseminated and integrated into the workflow of the mental health system. Results: This 8-session model -inspired by constructivist and hermeneutic-phenomenological therapies- serves COVID-19 patients during hospitalization, remission and recovery. This model can also be delivered to people dealing with the COVID-19 hospitalization/discharge of a family member, or the loss of a family member due to COVID-19. Conclusion: We described a remote psychotherapeutic approach to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic psychological aftermath. To date, the approach seems feasible and highly customizable to patients' needs. Studies are underway to test its preliminary efficacy. Once proven efficacious, this treatment model could provide a blueprint for future tele-psychology wide-scale interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Biagianti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvana Zito
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Fornoni
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Ginex
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Marcella Bellani
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Psychiatry, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Cinzia Bressi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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Kosovali BD, Tezcan B, Aytaç I, Tuncer Peker T, Soyal OB, Mutlu NM. Anxiety and Depression in the Relatives of COVID-19 and Non-COVID-19 Intensive Care Patients During the Pandemic. Cureus 2021; 13:e20559. [PMID: 35103138 PMCID: PMC8771297 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.20559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim In the literature, there is no study on the anxiety and depression status of the relatives of intensive care COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients during the pandemic period. In this study, we aimed to compare the risk of developing anxiety and depression in the relatives of COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 intensive care patients during the pandemic, and also to determine the factors that may cause anxiety and depression. Materials and methods Relatives of patients admitted to Ankara City Hospital COVID-19 (n=45) and non-COVID-19 (n=45) intensive care units between 15 May and 31 July 2021 were included in this prospective study. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire was administered to the relatives of the patients within the first 48 hours of their admission to the intensive care unit. The answers were recorded and HADS, HADS-A (anxiety) and HADS-D (depression) scores were calculated accordingly. Demographics, education and marital statuses of both the patients and their relatives were recorded. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the factors associated with depression and anxiety. Receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curves were drawn for the factors affecting depression and anxiety, and the area under the curve values were calculated. Results Demographics, APACHE II score, and patient affiliation were similar in both groups. The mean HADS scores of the relatives of COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients were 24.76 and 16.04 (p<0.001). The mean HADS-A scores were 12.89 and 7.78 (p<0.001), and the mean of HADS-D scores were 11.87 and 8.27 (p=0.001). Moderate and high-risk anxiety and depression were significantly higher in relatives of COVID-19 patients (p=0.018, p=0.001, respectively). The area under curve (AUC) values were 0.727 in the ROC curve plotted for the independent risk factor Q3 responses that reduced anxiety, and 0.791 and 0.785 in the ROC curve drawn for the independent risk factor Q1 and Q3 responses that reduced the development of depression. Conclusion We found that the anxiety and depression risk of the relatives of COVID-19 patients in the intensive care unit during the pandemic period is significantly higher than the relatives of non-COVID-19 patients in the intensive care unit. In addition, regardless of the diagnosis, younger intensive care patients may increase the anxiety and depression of the relatives of the patients during the pandemic. The higher-education level of the relatives of patients was determined as a factor reducing anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behiye Deniz Kosovali
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Health of Science Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, TUR
| | - Busra Tezcan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Health of Science Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, TUR
| | - Ismail Aytaç
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Health of Science Ankara City Hospial, Ankara, TUR
| | - Tulay Tuncer Peker
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Gulhane Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, TUR
| | - Ozlem B Soyal
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Health of Science Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, TUR
| | - Nevzat Mehmet Mutlu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Health of Science Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, TUR
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Karaman MA, Tomar İH, Aliyev R, Eşici H, Şam M, Özbay Y. Determination of resilience factors in individuals who tested COVID-19 positive. BRITISH JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE & COUNSELLING 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/03069885.2021.1984394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet A. Karaman
- Liberal Arts Department, American University of the Middle East, Egaila, Kuwait
| | - İsmail H. Tomar
- Department of Psychological Counselling and Guidance, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Ramin Aliyev
- Department of Psychological Counselling and Guidance, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Hasan Eşici
- Department of Psychological Counselling and Guidance, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Şam
- Conselling Services Depaertment, Mehmet Görmez İmam Hatip High School, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Yaşar Özbay
- Department of Psychological Counselling and Guidance, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep, Turkey
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Esmat S, Attia A, Elhabashi E. Prevalence and Predictors for Depression among Medical Students during Coronavirus Disease-19 Pandemic: A Cross-sectional Study. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.7390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Since the declaration of the World Health Organization of the coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) as a pandemic, several countries have locked down and quarantined their residents with restrictive procedures to control spread of the disease. Due to pandemic related stressors, concerns and worries have developed regarding negative psychological impact on the mental well-being of the general population, particularly those known to have higher levels of psychological impairment with high vulnerability to mental health diseases such as medical students.
AIM: The objectives of the study were to assess the prevalence of self-reported depression and to explore its predictors during the period of Coronavirus Disease 2019 first lock down among medical students.
METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study design. The study was conducted at Kasr Alainy Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt, in June 2020. A simple random sample was picked of one subgroup of 4th year medical students (No. = 300) at faculty of medicine during the academic year 2019–2020. Self-administered questionnaires including Beck’s Depression Inventory scoring were distributed using Google form through communication social media such as WhatsApp.
RESULTS: Out of the 300 participants, 238 responses were received with response rate 79.3%. Results indicated that 38.2% of the respondents were experiencing depression with different degrees with Beck’s Depression Inventory mean scores was 19.4 ± 11.6. Multiple logistic regression analysis point out that gender (odds ratio [OR] = 2.4 and p = 0.022) and “Good” grade level of academic performance (OR = 7.2 and p = 0.045) are significant predictors for developing depression among the participating medical students.
CONCLUSION: A significantly high prevalence of depression is detected among medical students during the first wave of the SARS-COV-2 pandemic. The prevalence of depression is more among females than males and more with medical students achieving “Good” grade level.
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Vlake JH, van Bommel J, Wils EJ, Korevaar T, Hellemons ME, Klijn E, Schut AF, Labout JA, Van Bavel MP, van Mol MM, Gommers D, van Genderen ME. Virtual reality for relatives of ICU patients to improve psychological sequelae: study protocol for a multicentre, randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e049704. [PMID: 34588250 PMCID: PMC8479939 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intensive care unit (ICU) admission of a relative might lead to psychological distress and complicated grief (post-intensive care syndrome-family; PICS-F). Evidence suggests that increased distress during ICU stay increases risk of PICS-F, resulting in difficulty returning to their normal lives after the ICU experience. Effective interventions to improve PICS-F are currently lacking. In the present trial, we hypothesised that information provision using ICU-specific Virtual Reality for Family members/relatives (ICU-VR-F) may improve understanding of the ICU and subsequently improve psychological well-being and quality of life in relatives of patients admitted to the ICU. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This multicentre, clustered randomised controlled trial will be conducted from January to December 2021 in the mixed medical-surgical ICUs of four hospitals in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. We aim to include adult relatives of 160 ICU patients with an expected ICU length of stay over 72 hours. Participants will be randomised clustered per patient in a 1:1 ratio to either the intervention or control group. Participants allocated to the intervention group will receive ICU-VR-F, an information video that can be watched in VR, while the control group will receive usual care. Initiation of ICU-VR-F will be during their hospital visit unless participants cannot visit the hospital due to COVID-19 regulations, then VR can be watched digitally at home. The primary objective is to study the effect of ICU-VR-F on psychological well-being and quality of life up to 6 months after the patients' ICU discharge. The secondary outcome is the degree of understanding of ICU treatment and ICU modalities. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The Medical Ethics Committee of the Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, approved the study and local approval was obtained from each participating centre (NL73670.078.20). Our findings will be disseminated by presentation of the results at (inter)national conferences and publication in scientific, peer-reviewed journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Netherlands Trial Register (TrialRegister.nl, NL9220).
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan H Vlake
- Intensive Care, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Intensive Care, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper van Bommel
- Department of Intensive Care, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Evert-Jan Wils
- Intensive Care, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tim Korevaar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Centre for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Eva Klijn
- Department of Intensive Care, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Fc Schut
- Intensive Care, Ikazia Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost Am Labout
- Intensive Care, Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marten P Van Bavel
- Department of Intensive Care, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Margo Mc van Mol
- Department of Intensive Care, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Diederik Gommers
- Department of Intensive Care, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Moss SJ, Krewulak KD, Stelfox HT, Ahmed SB, Anglin MC, Bagshaw SM, Burns KEA, Cook DJ, Doig CJ, Fox-Robichaud A, Fowler R, Hernández L, Kho ME, Kredentser M, Makuk K, Murthy S, Niven DJ, Olafson K, Parhar KKS, Patten SB, Rewa OG, Rochwerg B, Sept B, Soo A, Spence K, Spence S, Straus S, West A, Parsons Leigh J, Fiest KM. Restricted visitation policies in acute care settings during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2021; 25:347. [PMID: 34563234 PMCID: PMC8465762 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-021-03763-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Restricted visitation policies in acute care settings because of the COVID-19 pandemic have negative consequences. The objective of this scoping review is to identify impacts of restricted visitation policies in acute care settings, and describe perspectives and mitigation approaches among patients, families, and healthcare professionals.
Methods We searched Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Healthstar, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials on January 01/2021, unrestricted, for published primary research records reporting any study design. We included secondary (e.g., reviews) and non-research records (e.g., commentaries), and performed manual searches in web-based resources. We excluded records that did not report primary data. Two reviewers independently abstracted data in duplicate. Results Of 7810 citations, we included 155 records. Sixty-six records (43%) were primary research; 29 (44%) case reports or case series, and 26 (39%) cohort studies; 21 (14%) were literature reviews and 8 (5%) were expert recommendations; 54 (35%) were commentary, editorial, or opinion pieces. Restricted visitation policies impacted coping and daily function (n = 31, 20%) and mental health outcomes (n = 29, 19%) of patients, families, and healthcare professionals. Participants described a need for coping and support (n = 107, 69%), connection and communication (n = 107, 69%), and awareness of state of well-being (n = 101, 65%). Eighty-seven approaches to mitigate impact of restricted visitation were identified, targeting families (n = 61, 70%), patients (n = 51, 59%), and healthcare professionals (n = 40, 46%). Conclusions Patients, families, and healthcare professionals were impacted by restricted visitation polices in acute care settings during COVID-19. The consequences of this approach on patients and families are understudied and warrant evaluation of approaches to mitigate their impact. Future pandemic policy development should include the perspectives of patients, families, and healthcare professionals. Trial registration: The review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42020221662) and a protocol peer-reviewed prior to data extraction. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13054-021-03763-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephana J Moss
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Karla D Krewulak
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Henry T Stelfox
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sofia B Ahmed
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Melanie C Anglin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sean M Bagshaw
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Karen E A Burns
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Deborah J Cook
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher J Doig
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Robert Fowler
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Laura Hernández
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Michelle E Kho
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Maia Kredentser
- Department of Clinical Health Psychology, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Kira Makuk
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Srinivas Murthy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Daniel J Niven
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kendiss Olafson
- Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Ken Kuljit S Parhar
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Scott B Patten
- Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, Cuthbertson and Fischer Chair in Pediatric Mental Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Oleksa G Rewa
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Bram Rochwerg
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Bonnie Sept
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Andrea Soo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Krista Spence
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sean Spence
- Chinook Regional Hospital, Lethbridge County, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sharon Straus
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew West
- Canadian Society of Respiratory Therapists, Saint John, NB, Canada
| | - Jeanna Parsons Leigh
- School of Health Administration, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Kirsten M Fiest
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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Septarini NW, Hendriks J, Maycock B, Burns S. Psychological Distress and Happiness of Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender People During the Coronavirus Disease-19 Pandemic: Is There a Need for Public Health Policy Intervention? Front Public Health 2021; 9:647548. [PMID: 34595147 PMCID: PMC8476851 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.647548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the global onset of COVID-19 in early 2020, the disease has significantly impacted mental health. This impact is likely to be further exacerbated for groups who were already marginalized. This paper shares results from a broader study of men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender people in Bali, Indonesia and includes a focus on psychological distress and happiness during the COVID-19 pandemic; applying sociodemographic and epidemiological characteristics as potential mediators. Psychological distress and the level of happiness were measured by The Kessler Psychological Distress (K10) and the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS). A cross-sectional survey was conducted from July to September 2020. Of the 416 participants, complete data were available for 363 participants. The majority of participants were aged 26-40 years, currently single, were born outside Bali, were currently living in an urban area, and over one-third were living with HIV. While all were MSM, the majority identified as homosexual/tend to be homosexual (71.3%), however 54 (14.9%) identified themselves as heterosexual. The majority (251, 69.1%) reported moderate to very high psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. The binary logistic regression analysis identified five factors to be significantly associated with higher psychological distress: being a student, reporting higher levels of stigma, had ever experienced discrimination, felt better prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, and less happy than the average person. When homosexual were compared with heterosexual participants, those who identified themselves as being homosexual reported significantly lower psychological distress compared to those identified themselves as heterosexual, which may be associated with these participants not disclosing their status as MSM and the stigma around MSM. Those who considered themselves to be less happy than the average person (316, 87.1%) were more likely to live with a partner and to report moderate to very high psychological distress. Based on the findings, interventions should focus on strategies to reduce stigma, provide non-discriminatory services, and improve access to essential health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Wayan Septarini
- Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Hendriks
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Bruce Maycock
- European Centre for Environmental and Human Health, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Sharyn Burns
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
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Ghannoum MA, Ford M, Bonomo RA, Gamal A, McCormick TS. A Microbiome-Driven Approach to Combating Depression During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Nutr 2021; 8:672390. [PMID: 34504858 PMCID: PMC8421528 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.672390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The significant stressors brought about and exacerbated by COVID-19 are associated with startling surges in mental health illnesses, specifically those related to depressive disorders. Given the huge impact of depression on society, and an incomplete understanding of impactful therapeutics, we have examined the current literature surrounding the microbiome and gut-brain axis to advance a potential complementary approach to address depression and depressive disorders that have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. While we understand that the impact of the human gut microbiome on emotional health is a newly emerging field and more research needs to be conducted, the current evidence is extremely promising and suggests at least part of the answer to understanding depression in more depth may lie within the microbiome. As a result of these findings, we propose that a microbiome-based holistic approach, which involves carefully annotating the microbiome and potential modification through diet, probiotics, and lifestyle changes, may address depression. This paper's primary purpose is to shed light on the link between the gut microbiome and depression, including the gut-brain axis and propose a holistic approach to microbiome modification, with the ultimate goal of assisting individuals to manage their battle with depression through diet, probiotics, and lifestyle changes, in addition to offering a semblance of hope during these challenging times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A. Ghannoum
- Integrated Microbiome Core, Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
- BIOHM Health LLC, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | | | - Robert A. Bonomo
- Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Ahmed Gamal
- Integrated Microbiome Core, Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Thomas S. McCormick
- Integrated Microbiome Core, Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
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Pilosof NP, Barrett M, Oborn E, Barkai G, Pessach IM, Zimlichman E. Inpatient Telemedicine and New Models of Care during COVID-19: Hospital Design Strategies to Enhance Patient and Staff Safety. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18168391. [PMID: 34444140 PMCID: PMC8391330 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic have led to the development of new hospital design strategies and models of care. To enhance staff safety while preserving patient safety and quality of care, hospitals have created a new model of remote inpatient care using telemedicine technologies. The design of the COVID-19 units divided the space into contaminated and clean zones and integrated a control room with audio-visual technologies to remotely supervise, communicate, and support the care being provided in the contaminated zone. The research is based on semi-structured interviews and observations of care processes that implemented a new model of inpatient telemedicine at Sheba Medical Center in Israel in different COVID-19 units, including an intensive care unit (ICU) and internal medicine unit (IMU). The study examines the impact of the diverse design layouts of the different units associated with the implementation of digital technologies for remote care on patient and staff safety. The results demonstrate the challenges and opportunities of integrating inpatient telemedicine for critical and intermediate care to enhance patient and staff safety. We contribute insights into the design of hospital units to support new models of remote care and suggest implications for Evidence-based Design (EBD), which will guide much needed future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirit Putievsky Pilosof
- Cambridge Digital Innovation—CJBS & Hughes Hall, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 2EW, UK
- Centre for Digital Built Britain, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +97-2525424248
| | - Michael Barrett
- Centre for Digital Built Britain, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK;
- Cambridge Judge Business School (CJBS), University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1AG, UK
| | - Eivor Oborn
- Warwick Business School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK;
| | - Galia Barkai
- Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel; (G.B.); (I.M.P.); (E.Z.)
- Sheba BEYOND, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Itai M. Pessach
- Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel; (G.B.); (I.M.P.); (E.Z.)
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Sheba’s Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel
| | - Eyal Zimlichman
- Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel; (G.B.); (I.M.P.); (E.Z.)
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Sheba’s Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel
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Wang Y, Zhang M, Yin Q, Wang Y, Yang P, Hu C, Xu G, Wang D, Li X, He J, Hu Q, Luo X, Ren H. Psychological Responses of the Patients in Cabin Hospital to the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Comparative Epidemiologic Analysis. Front Psychol 2021; 12:641167. [PMID: 34322052 PMCID: PMC8312570 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.641167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The building of cabin hospitals in Wuhan has been proven to be clinically successful in curing mild-symptom COVID-19 patients shortly after the outbreak of COVID-19 in late 2019. At the same time, the psychological effect of patients being treated in cabin hospitals and the features of the psychological status of the whole society remained ambiguous. This study adopted a self-administrated questionnaire to investigate the stress, depression, and anxiety status of patients in cabin hospitals (n = 212) and healthy participants outside of Hubei province (n = 221) in a population level from February 29 to March 01, 2020. The research measured participants' stress response, depression level, and anxiety level as well as their social support system and their resilience level. Results indicated that in this sudden outbreak of an unknown pandemic, all people (whether or not infected) showed a generally high level of stress, depression, and anxiety, regardless of age, gender, education level, and employment. It also showed that people with a lower level of psychological resilience and social support reported more severe symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Moreover, the research also found a positive effect of cabin hospitals on the psychological recovery of COVID-19 patients. Stress response of patients increased after entering into cabin hospitals, while after 3-4 weeks' treatment, patients showed a decrease in their depression and anxiety levels. This research advances the understanding of COVID-19 and gives suggestions to optimize the design and the allocation of resources in cabin hospitals and better deal with the unknown pandemics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Wang
- Department of Psychology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyue Zhang
- Silver School of Social Work, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Qin Yin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yincheng Wang
- Department of Psychology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Pengcheng Yang
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Hu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The Eighth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guogang Xu
- The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Daoweng Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianzhi Li
- Department of Automation, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jibo He
- Department of Psychology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qinyong Hu
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingguang Luo
- Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Honggang Ren
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Htun YM, Thiha K, Aung A, Aung NM, Oo TW, Win PS, Sint NH, Naing KM, Min AK, Tun KM, Hlaing K. Assessment of depressive symptoms in patients with COVID-19 during the second wave of epidemic in Myanmar: A cross-sectional single-center study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252189. [PMID: 34086722 PMCID: PMC8177551 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a great impact on every aspect of society. All countries launched preventive measures such as quarantine, lockdown, and physical distancing to control the disease spread. These restrictions might effect on daily life and mental health. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of depressive symptoms in patients with COVID-19 at the Treatment Center. Methods A cross-sectional telephone survey was carried out at Hmawbi COVID-19 Treatment Center, Myanmar from December 2020 to January 2021. A total of 142 patients with COVID-19 who met the criteria were invited to participate in the study. A pre-tested Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was used as a tool for depressive symptoms assessment. Data were analyzed by using binary logistic regression to identify associated factors of depressive symptoms. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was computed to determine the level of significance with a p < 0.05. Results The prevalence of depressive symptoms in patients with COVID-19 was 38.7%, with the means (± standard deviation, SD) subscale of somatic symptom, negative effect, and anhedonia were 4.64 (±2.53), 2.51 (± 2.12), and 5.01 (± 3.26), respectively. The patients with 40 years and older (AOR: 2.99, 95% CI: 1.36–6.59), < 4 of household size (AOR: 3.45, 95% CI: 1.46–8.15), ≤ 400,000 kyats of monthly family income (AOR: 2.38, 95% CI: 1.02–5.54) and infection to family members (AOR: 4.18, 95% CI: 1.74–10.07) were significant associated factors of depressive symptoms. Conclusion The high prevalence of depressive symptoms, approximately 40%, was found in patients with COVID-19 in the Treatment Center. Establishments of psychosocial supports, providing psychoeducation, enhancing the social contact with family and friends, and using credible source of information related COVID-19 would be integral parts of mental health services in COVID-19 pandemic situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Minn Htun
- Department of Prevention and Research Development of Hepatitis, AIDS and Other Viral Diseases, Health and Disease Control Unit, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
- * E-mail:
| | - Kyaw Thiha
- Department of Mental Health, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Aung Aung
- Department of Research and Development, Defence Services Medical School, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Nay Myo Aung
- Department of Chest Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Thet Wai Oo
- Special Operation Medical Research Department, Defence Services Medical Research Centre, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
| | - Pyae Sone Win
- Special Operation Medical Research Department, Defence Services Medical Research Centre, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
| | - Nay Hein Sint
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Kaung Myat Naing
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Aung Khant Min
- Department of Prevention and Research Development of Hepatitis, AIDS and Other Viral Diseases, Health and Disease Control Unit, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
| | - Kyaw Myo Tun
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Kyaw Hlaing
- Department of Prevention and Research Development of Hepatitis, AIDS and Other Viral Diseases, Health and Disease Control Unit, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
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Beck K, Vincent A, Becker C, Keller A, Cam H, Schaefert R, Reinhardt T, Sutter R, Tisljar K, Bassetti S, Schuetz P, Hunziker S. Prevalence and factors associated with psychological burden in COVID-19 patients and their relatives: A prospective observational cohort study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250590. [PMID: 33951085 PMCID: PMC8099094 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the dramatic measures accompanying isolation and the general uncertainty and fear associated with COVID-19, patients and relatives may be at high risk for adverse psychological outcomes. Until now there has been limited research focusing on the prevalence of psychological distress and associated factors in COVID-19 patients and their relatives. The objective of our study was to assess psychological distress in COVID-19 patients and their relatives 30 days after hospital discharge. METHODS In this prospective observational cohort study at two Swiss tertiary-care hospitals we included consecutive adult patients hospitalized between March and June 2020 for a proven COVID-19 and their relatives. Psychological distress was defined as symptoms of anxiety and/or depression measured with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), i.e., a score of ≥8 on the depression and/or anxiety subscale. We further evaluated symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), defined as a score of ≥1.5 on the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). RESULTS Among 126 included patients, 24 (19.1%) had psychological distress and 10 (8.7%) had symptoms of PTSD 30 days after hospital discharge. In multivariate logistic regression analyses three factors were independently associated with psychological distress in patients: resilience (OR 0.82; 95%CI 0.71 to 0.94; p = 0.005), high levels of perceived stress (OR 1.21; 95%CI 1.06 to 1.38; p = 0.006) and low frequency of contact with relatives (OR 7.67; 95%CI 1.42 to 41.58; p = 0.018). The model showed good discrimination, with an area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.92. Among 153 relatives, 35 (22.9%) showed symptoms of psychological distress, and 3 (2%) of PTSD. For relatives, resilience was negatively associated (OR 0.85; 95%CI 0.75 to 0.96; p = 0.007), whereas perceived overall burden caused by COVID-19 was positively associated with psychological distress (OR 1.72; 95%CI 1.31 to 2.25; p<0.001). The overall model also had good discrimination, with an AUC of 0.87. CONCLUSION A relevant number of COVID-19 patients as well as their relatives exhibited psychological distress 30 days after hospital discharge. These results might aid in development of strategies to prevent psychological distress in COVID-19 patients and their relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Beck
- Medical Communication and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alessia Vincent
- Medical Communication and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Becker
- Medical Communication and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Emergency Department, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Annalena Keller
- Medical Communication and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hasret Cam
- Medical Communication and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rainer Schaefert
- Medical Communication and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Medical Faculty of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Reinhardt
- Human Resources & Leadership Development, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Raoul Sutter
- Medical Faculty of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kai Tisljar
- Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Bassetti
- Medical Faculty of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Schuetz
- Medical Faculty of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Internal Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Sabina Hunziker
- Medical Communication and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Medical Faculty of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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41
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Zeng W, Zeng Y, Xu Y, Huang D, Shao J, Wu J, Wu X. The Influence of Post-Traumatic Growth on College Students' Creativity During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Mediating Role of General Self-Efficacy and the Moderating Role of Deliberate Rumination. Front Psychol 2021; 12:665973. [PMID: 33935927 PMCID: PMC8079774 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.665973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study used a moderated mediation model to test the mediating effect of general self-efficacy on the relationship between post-traumatic growth (PTG) and creativity and the moderating effect of deliberate rumination in the second path of the indirect mediation path during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A sample of 881 university students from Guangdong Province, China, was surveyed with the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, the Runco Ideational Behavior Scale, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Deliberate Rumination Inventory. SPSS (23 version) and PROCESS (3.3 version) were used for correlation analyses, mediation analysis, and moderated mediation analysis. Results: (1) PTG was positively correlated with creativity, self-efficacy, and deliberate rumination. Creativity was positively correlated with self-efficacy and deliberate rumination. Deliberate rumination was positively correlated with self-efficacy. (2) Self-efficacy mediated the relationship between PTG and creativity. (3) Deliberate rumination moderated the second half of the path of "PTG → self-efficacy → creativity." Conclusions: PTG affected creativity directly and also indirectly through self-efficacy. In particular, deliberate rumination moderated the relationship between self-efficacy and creativity, such that the association was stronger when the incidence of deliberate rumination was low. These results provide a more comprehensive understanding of the positive link between PTG and creativity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zeng
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqing Zeng
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhua Xu
- College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongtao Huang
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinlian Shao
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiamin Wu
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingrou Wu
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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42
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Matalon N, Dorman-Ilan S, Hasson-Ohayon I, Hertz-Palmor N, Shani S, Basel D, Gross R, Chen W, Abramovich A, Afek A, Ziv A, Kreiss Y, Pessach IM, Gothelf D. Trajectories of post-traumatic stress symptoms, anxiety, and depression in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A one-month follow-up. J Psychosom Res 2021; 143:110399. [PMID: 33618149 PMCID: PMC7885629 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2021.110399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Little is known about the mental health outcomes of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The aims of the study were: (1) to examine the trajectories of anxiety, depression, and pandemic-related stress factors (PRSF) of COVID-19 hospitalized patients one-month following hospitalization; (2) to assess the presence of post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) a month after hospitalization; (3) to identify baseline risk and protective factors that would predict PTSS one month after hospitalization. METHODS We contacted hospitalized COVID-19 patients (n = 64) by phone, at three time-points: during the first days after admission to the hospital (T1); after ~two weeks from the beginning of hospitalization (T2), and one month after hospitalization (T3). At all time-points we assessed the levels of anxiety and depression symptoms, as well as PRSF. At T3, PTSS were assessed. RESULTS The levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms decreased one-month following hospitalization. Moreover, higher levels of anxiety (standardized β = 1.15, 95% CI = 0.81-1.49, p < 0.001) and depression (β = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.63-1.31 p < 0.001) symptoms during the first week of hospitalization, feeling socially disconnected (β = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.37-0.81 p < 0.001) and experiencing a longer hospitalization period (β = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.03-0.47 p = 0.026) predicted higher PTSS scores a month post-hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS We identified early hospitalization risk factors for the development of PTSS one month after hospitalization that should be targeted to reduce the risk for PTSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noam Matalon
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shirel Dorman-Ilan
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | | | - Nimrod Hertz-Palmor
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel,School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shachar Shani
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dana Basel
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel,School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Raz Gross
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel,Division of Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Wendy Chen
- Department of Social Work, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | | | - Arnon Afek
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel,Medical Management, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Amitai Ziv
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel,Medical Management, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Yitshak Kreiss
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel,Medical Management, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Itai M. Pessach
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel,Medical Management, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Doron Gothelf
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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