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Belfort E, MacMillan C, Weigle P. Peril and Promise: Teens, Tech, and America's Mental Health Crisis. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am 2024; 33:485-498. [PMID: 38823819 DOI: 10.1016/j.chc.2024.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Advances in Internet technologies have implications for the health and development of children and adolescents with potential for both beneficial and harmful outcomes. Similar technological advances also impact how psychiatrists deliver mental health care in clinical settings. Internet tech adds complexities to psychiatric practice in the form of electronic health records, patient portals, and virtual patient contact, which clinicians must understand and successfully incorporate into practice. Digital therapeutics and virtual mental health endeavors offer new treatment delivery options for patients and providers. Some have proven benefits, such as improved accessibility for patients, but all require provider expertise to utilize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Belfort
- Maine Medical Center, 66 Bramhall Street, Portland, ME 04102, USA.
| | | | - Paul Weigle
- Natchaug Hospital, Hartford Healthcare, Mansfield Center, 89 Storrs Road, Mansfield, CT 06250-0260, USA; Department of Psychiatry, UConn School of Medicine, Farmington, USA
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2
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Montag C, Demetrovics Z, Elhai JD, Grant D, Koning I, Rumpf HJ, M Spada M, Throuvala M, van den Eijnden R. Problematic social media use in childhood and adolescence. Addict Behav 2024; 153:107980. [PMID: 38387131 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.107980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
At the time of writing, about 4.59 billion people use social media with many adolescents using their social media accounts across a myriad of applications and platforms. According to recent statistics, in 2022 individuals spent an average of 151 minutes on social media each day, illustrating the global relevance of social media (Dixon, 2022a,b). One of the pressing questions, internationally, is whether social media use is harmful and/or addictive. This question is of particular importance because many teenagers - and younger adolescents - spend considerable time on these platforms, which have increasingly become an integral part of their lives. Moreover, considering lifespan development, adolescents may be particularly vulnerable to specific features and advertisements shown to them on social media platforms. Growing prevalence of poor mental health in young people has led to recent recommendations in the United States to routinely screen for anxiety in 8-18 year olds, and for depression and suicide risk for adolescents between 12-18 years of age (US Preventive Services Task Force et al., 2022 a,b) - the conditions often accompanying problematic social media use. The present work not only provides insights into the current state of the literature but provides also recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Montag
- Department of Molecular Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary; Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar
| | - Jon D Elhai
- Department of Psychology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Don Grant
- Center for Research and Innovation, Newport Healthcare, United States
| | - Ina Koning
- Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Clinical Child and Family Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hans-Jürgen Rumpf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Melina Throuvala
- International Gaming Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK; Inclusion West Midlands Gambling Harms Clinic, Stafford, UK; Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust, Paediatric Psychology, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, Leicester, UK
| | - Regina van den Eijnden
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Agostoni C, Boccia S, Graffigna G, Slavin J, Abodi M, Szajewska H. What should I eat today? Evidence, guidelines, dietary patterns and consumer's behavior. Eur J Intern Med 2024:S0953-6205(24)00233-4. [PMID: 38821785 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2024.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Over the past century, dietary recommendations emphasizing food patterns as means to deliver essential nutrients have garnered widespread acceptance. The necessity for foods supplying vital nutrients and energy throughout various life stages requires the involvement of local resources and cultural practices to prevent nutrient deficiency diseases. Since the 1980s, dietary guidelines aimed at adverting chronic diseases have relied on epidemiological research to predict which dietary patterns correlate with reduced risk of chronic disease or links to health outcomes. Dietary guidelines have been broad, typically recommending avoiding excess or deficiency of single nutrients. Efforts to fine-tune these recommendations face challenges due to a scarcity of robust scientific data supporting more specific guidance across the life cycle. Consumers have become skeptical of dietary guidelines, because media coverage of new studies is often in conflict with accepted nutrition dogma. Indications to align individual and planet's health have been issued supporting the concept of sustainable dietary patterns. Whether we really have a science-based databank to support dietary guidelines is still a matter of ongoing debate, as presented in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Agostoni
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Section of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Guendalina Graffigna
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy; EngageMinds HUB, Consumer, Food & Health Engagement Research Center, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Cremona, Italy
| | - Joanne Slavin
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, St. Paul, United States
| | - Martina Abodi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Hania Szajewska
- The Medical University of Warsaw, Department of Paediatrics, Warsaw, Poland
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Sakti SA, Endraswara S, Rohman A. Revitalizing local wisdom within character education through ethnopedagogy apporach: A case study on a preschool in Yogyakarta. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31370. [PMID: 38803959 PMCID: PMC11129093 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Ethnopedagogy serves as an educational approach capable of reshaping societal dynamics by preserving cultural values, thereby reinforcing a multicultural national identity. This study explored the potential of ethnopedagogy in revitalizing local wisdom within early childhood character education in Indonesia. This case study was performed at Pertiwi Kindergarten in Puro Pakualaman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Data were gained through interviews and document analysis with teachers, parents, and school principals. Research data were checked for validity using data triangulation. The research findings demonstrated that ethnopedagogy enhanced children's awareness of local culture and nurtures character development by integrating local wisdom values into the learning process. Furthermore, involving local communities in character education improved community engagement in the educational journey, bolstering a sense of ownership over the school or learning environment, and strengthening social networks within the community. Ethnopedagogy is recommended to apply in early childhood education to develop children's character through the utilization of local wisdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syahria Anggita Sakti
- Yogyakarta State University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- Universitas PGRI Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Arif Rohman
- Yogyakarta State University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Al-Maghaireh D, Shawish NS, Alsaqer K, Kawafha M, Sheyab HS, Al Mushasha RA, Al Kofahi A. Acute Stress Disorders Among Jordanian Adolescents After Watching Gaza News Footage on Social Media. J Multidiscip Healthc 2024; 17:2521-2533. [PMID: 38799013 PMCID: PMC11128230 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s461333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The ongoing conflict in Gaza has led to a surge in acute stress among individuals who are exposed to distressing images and videos daily via social media. Aim This study aimed to examine the impact of watching Gaza news footage on social media among Jordanian adolescents, and explore the experiences of watching Gaza news footage on social media from the perspective of adolescents. Methods An explanatory mixed methods design was conducted from 10/10/2023 until 6/11/2023, undertaken at two government high schools in Jordan. The Perceived Stress Scale was used to survey 180 Jordanian students who watched Gaza news footage on social media. Then the students who had high stress levels were interviewed. Results 180 students participated in this study, more than half of them were male (52.2%). The quantitative findings showed that the students experienced high stress levels, with a mean score of 3.78 (SD = 1.24). 70% of students reported high levels of stress, the amount of time spent watching news footage about the Gaza attack on social media each day, and the presence of social support from family or peers are significantly linked to stress levels (p < 0.05). The qualitative findings revealed the following themes: Extreme Emotional Responses, Sources of Stressors and Impact of Stress Extreme Emotional Responses, Sources of Stressors and Impact of Stress. Conclusion Study findings revealed high stress levels among adolescents after watching Gaza news on social media, highlighting the need for interventions in the context of the three major themes revealed in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Khitam Alsaqer
- Faculty of Nursing, Irbid National University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mariam Kawafha
- Faculty of Nursing, Philadelphia University, Amman, Jordan
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Shoshani A, Kor A, Bar S. The impact of social media use on psychiatric symptoms and well-being of children and adolescents in the Post-COVID-19 era: a four-year longitudinal study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02454-2. [PMID: 38698136 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02454-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
This longitudinal study examined the long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on social media use and its impact on psychiatric symptoms and well-being of 3,697 Israeli children and adolescents aged 8 to 14. Data were collected from October 2019 to June 2023, covering four school years and five measurement points prior to, throughout and post- COVID-19. Social media usage, psychiatric symptoms (depression, anxiety, somatization, and general distress), as well as subjective well-being (positive and negative emotions, and life satisfaction) were assessed. The analysis also probed the extent to which social support and extracurricular activities moderated the associations between social media use and mental health outcomes. The results of the growth mixed-effects models indicated a significant increase in social media use and psychiatric symptoms, and a significant decrease in subjective well-being over time. Greater social media use was related to more psychiatric symptoms and negative emotions, but also to more positive emotions and life satisfaction. Social support buffered the negative effects of excessive social media use on mental health, whereas extracurricular activities increased positive emotions, but also psychiatric symptoms related to social media use. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to regulate social media usage, given its lasting consequences on the mental health of children and adolescents in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Shoshani
- Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Reichman University, P.O.Box 167, Herzliya, 46150, Israel.
| | - Ariel Kor
- Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Reichman University, P.O.Box 167, Herzliya, 46150, Israel
- School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, USA
| | - Shira Bar
- Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Reichman University, P.O.Box 167, Herzliya, 46150, Israel
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Saintila J, Oblitas-Guerrero SM, Larrain-Tavara G, Lizarraga-De-Maguiña IG, Bernal-Corrales FDC, López-López E, Calizaya-Milla YE, Serpa-Barrientos A, Ramos-Vera C. Associations between social network addiction, anxiety symptoms, and risk of metabolic syndrome in Peruvian adolescents-a cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1261133. [PMID: 38751589 PMCID: PMC11094343 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1261133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The link between physical and mental health and screen time in adolescents has been the subject of scientific scrutiny in recent years. However, there are few studies that have evaluated the association between social network addiction (SNA) and metabolic risk in this population. Objective This study determined the association between SNA and anxiety symptoms with the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adolescents. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Peruvian adolescents aged 12 to 18 years, who completed a Social Network Addiction Questionnaire and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2-item scale (GAD-2), between September and November 2022. A total of 903 participants were included in the study using a non-probability convenience sample. Sociodemographic and anthropometric data were also collected. Binary logistic regression was used to explore the association between SNA and anxiety symptoms with MetS in a cross-sectional analysis. Results Males were more likely to have MetS than females (OR = 1.133, p = 0.028). Participants who were 16 years of age or older and those with excess body weight were 2.166, p = 0.013 and 19.414, p < 0.001 times more likely to have MetS, respectively. Additionally, SNA (OR = 1.517, p = 0.016) and the presence of anxiety symptoms (OR = 2.596, p < 0.001) were associated with MetS. Conclusion Our findings suggest associations between SNA, anxiety symptoms, and MetS among youth. However, more studies are needed to better understand this association and to deepen the possible clinical and public health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Elmer López-López
- Escuela de Medicina Humana, Universidad Señor de Sipán, Chiclayo, Peru
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Seyhan Şahin S, Ayaz-Alkaya S. The effect of motivational interviewing on peer bullying and cyberbullying in adolescents: A randomized controlled trial. J Nurs Scholarsh 2024; 56:382-391. [PMID: 38273666 DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study was carried out to investigate the effect of motivational interviewing on peer bullying and cyberbullying among adolescents. DESIGN A parallel-group randomized controlled trial. METHODS The study population consisted of ninth-grade (aged 14 years) high school students (n = 200). The study was completed with 48 participants (intervention: 24; control: 24). The data were collected using the Participant Information Form, the Stages of Change Questionnaire, the Peer Bullying Scale, and the Cyberbullying Scale. The intervention group received a preparatory session and five weekly motivational interviewing sessions. Instruments were administered to both groups before the intervention, at the end of the last motivational interviewing session (post-test), and at 3rd- and 6th-month follow-ups. The data were analyzed using chi-square test, independent sample t-test, and two-way mixed-design ANOVA with Bonferroni's test. RESULTS In the pre-test, no statistically significant difference was observed between the intervention and control groups regarding mean scores for peer bullying and cyberbullying (p > 0.05). Following the motivational interviewing sessions, adolescents in the intervention group had a significantly lower mean score for peer bullying and cyberbullying than the control group at the post-test and follow-up tests (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The present study concluded that motivational interviewing effectively reduced peer bullying and cyberbullying behaviors among adolescents. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Nurses would implement motivational interviewing to prevent bullying behaviors in schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semra Seyhan Şahin
- Semra-Vefa Kucuk Faculty of Health Sciences, Nevşehir Hacı Bektas Veli University, Nevşehir, Turkey
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Leaune E, Rouzé H, Lestienne L, Bislimi K, Morgiève M, Chalancon B, Lau-Taï P, Vaiva G, Grandgenèvre P, Haesebaert J, Poulet E. The use of social media after bereavement by suicide: results from a French online survey. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:306. [PMID: 38654345 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05761-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to recent research, the Internet and social media are shaping and changing how we die and mourn. However, the use of social media after bereavement by suicide remains poorly understood. Thus, emerging research is needed to better assess the role that social media can play after bereavement by suicide. The objective of our study was to evaluate the use of social media in French people bereaved by suicide and to assess their expectations toward social media. METHOD We conducted a national cross-sectional online survey including French people bereaved by suicide assessing their use of social media after the death of their relative. All adults bereaved by suicide were eligible to participate in the study. An online 26-item questionnaire collected sociodemographic and loss-related characteristics and evaluated four dimensions: (1) the use of social media in daily life, (2) the perceived needs regarding suicide bereavement, (3) the use of social media associated with the suicide loss, and (4) the expectations regarding the development of an online resource for people bereaved by suicide and proposals regarding the development of such a resource. RESULTS Among 401 participants, 61.6% reported using social media after the death of their relative by suicide, especially those recently bereaved, those receiving counseling and bereaved parents. The participants mainly used social media to reach peers bereaved by suicide and to memorialize, while they expected social media to help them finding information on suicide and accessing bereaved peers. Younger participants were more prone to use social media to memorialize, while bereaved partners and those bereaved by the suicide of a parent were less prone to use them with such aim. DISCUSSION A large part of people bereaved by suicide use social media for their grief process, mainly to contact peers bereaved by suicide and to memorialize their loved one. According to or results, social media contributes to contemporary grief processes after suicide bereavement and can be seen as putative means to improve the well-being of people bereaved by suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edouard Leaune
- Research on Healthcare Performance RESHAPE, INSERM U1290, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
- Center for Suicide Prevention, Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier, 95, Boulevard Pinel, 69500, BRON, France.
- Groupement d'Etude et de Prévention du Suicide, Brest, France.
| | - Héloïse Rouzé
- Research on Healthcare Performance RESHAPE, INSERM U1290, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Service Recherche et Epidémiologie Cliniques, Pôle Santé Publique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Laurène Lestienne
- Center for Suicide Prevention, Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier, 95, Boulevard Pinel, 69500, BRON, France
- Groupement d'Etude et de Prévention du Suicide, Brest, France
| | - Kushtrim Bislimi
- Center for Suicide Prevention, Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier, 95, Boulevard Pinel, 69500, BRON, France
| | - Margot Morgiève
- Groupement d'Etude et de Prévention du Suicide, Brest, France
- Cermes3, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Benoit Chalancon
- Center for Suicide Prevention, Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier, 95, Boulevard Pinel, 69500, BRON, France
- Groupement d'Etude et de Prévention du Suicide, Brest, France
| | - Pauline Lau-Taï
- Center for Suicide Prevention, Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier, 95, Boulevard Pinel, 69500, BRON, France
| | - Guillaume Vaiva
- Groupement d'Etude et de Prévention du Suicide, Brest, France
- U1172-LilNCog-Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, University of Lille, CHU Lille, Inserm, Lille, France
- Centre National de Ressources & Résilience Pour Les psychotraumatismes (Cn2r Lille Paris), Lille, France
| | - Pierre Grandgenèvre
- Groupement d'Etude et de Prévention du Suicide, Brest, France
- U1172-LilNCog-Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, University of Lille, CHU Lille, Inserm, Lille, France
| | - Julie Haesebaert
- Research on Healthcare Performance RESHAPE, INSERM U1290, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Service Recherche et Epidémiologie Cliniques, Pôle Santé Publique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Emmanuel Poulet
- Center for Suicide Prevention, Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier, 95, Boulevard Pinel, 69500, BRON, France
- Groupement d'Etude et de Prévention du Suicide, Brest, France
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry, Hospital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
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Hussein M. Unraveling the Missing Piece in Children's Health Equity. J Pediatr Health Care 2024:S0891-5245(24)00049-X. [PMID: 38625073 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Mai Hussein
- Clinical Research Administration, Alexandria Directorate of Health Affairs, Alexandria, Egypt; Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt; Master of Medical Science in Clinical Investigation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Martinez DT. Managing major depressive disorder in adolescents in primary care. JAAPA 2024:01720610-990000000-00110. [PMID: 38595130 DOI: 10.1097/01.jaa.0000000000000003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Major depressive disorder (MDD) remains a significant risk to adolescent health and well-being, recently amplified by the COVID-19 pandemic. Access to adolescent mental health care services remains challenging in many areas, resulting in many adolescents diagnosed with MDD remaining untreated. Primary care providers are becoming increasingly crucial in promptly diagnosing and treating this concern. Various clinical guidelines can support clinicians in developing strategies for screening, diagnosing, and managing a vulnerable population with MDD. Standardized screenings, algorithms, and treatment guidelines can help improve the quality of life and functional impairment of those with MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don T Martinez
- Don T. Martinez, Jr., is an assistant professor in the PA program at Midwestern University in Downers Grove, Ill. The author has disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise
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12
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Khan A, Thomas G, Karatela S, Morawska A, Werner-Seidler A. Intense and problematic social media use and sleep difficulties of adolescents in 40 countries. J Adolesc 2024. [PMID: 38570320 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Social media has become a ubiquitous part of everyday life; however, evidence suggests patterns of social media use can affect sleep health in children and adolescents. This study aimed to examine the associations of intense and problematic social media use (SMU) with sleep-onset difficulties in adolescence. METHODS We analysed data from 212,613 adolescents aged 11-15 years (51.1% girls) from 40 European and North American countries that participated in the 2017/2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children survey. Intense SMU assessed how often respondents had online contact through social media, and problematic SMU was assessed by symptoms of addiction to social media. Sleep-onset difficulties were assessed using a self-reported item. Multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression was used to obtain the estimates. RESULTS Sleep-onset difficulties were more common among girls than boys (27.1% vs 20.8%). Intense SMU was significantly associated with sleep-onset difficulties in boys in 17 countries and in girls in 25 countries, while problematic SMU was significantly associated in most of the participating countries. Overall, exposure to problematic SMU alone was highly associated with sleep-onset difficulties both in girls (OR 2.20, 2.04-2.38) and boys (OR 1.88, 1.73-2.04), while the association estimates for intense SMU were smaller and comparable across gender (Girls: OR 1.27, 1.23-1.31; Boys: OR 1.22, 1.18-1.27). Sensitivity analyses supported the above findings. CONCLUSIONS Intense and/or problematic SMU were associated with sleep-onset difficulties across gender with associations being higher for problematic compared to intense SMU. Prospective research with objective measures is needed to understand the causal mechanisms underlying these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asaduzzaman Khan
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - George Thomas
- Health and Wellbeing Centre for Research Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Shamshad Karatela
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Alina Morawska
- Parenting and Family Support Centre, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
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Provenzano L, Gohlke H, Saetta G, Bufalari I, Lenggenhager B, Lesur MR. Fluid face but not gender: Enfacement illusion through digital face filters does not affect gender identity. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0295342. [PMID: 38568979 PMCID: PMC10990241 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
It has been shown that observing a face being touched or moving in synchrony with our own face increases self-identification with the former which might alter both cognitive and affective processes. The induction of this phenomenon, termed enfacement illusion, has often relied on laboratory tools that are unavailable to a large audience. However, digital face filters applications are nowadays regularly used and might provide an interesting tool to study similar mechanisms in a wider population. Digital filters are able to render our faces in real time while changing important facial features, for example, rendering them more masculine or feminine according to normative standards. Recent literature using full-body illusions has shown that participants' own gender identity shifts when embodying a different gendered avatar. Here we studied whether participants' filtered faces, observed while moving in synchrony with their own face, may induce an enfacement illusion and if so, modulate their gender identity. We collected data from 35 female and 33 male participants who observed a stereotypically gender mismatched version of themselves either moving synchronously or asynchronously with their own face on a screen. Our findings showed a successful induction of the enfacement illusion in the synchronous condition according to a questionnaire addressing the feelings of ownership, agency and perceived similarity. However, we found no evidence of gender identity being modulated, neither in explicit nor in implicit measures of gender identification. We discuss the distinction between full-body and facial processing and the relevance of studying widely accessible devices that may impact the sense of a bodily self and our cognition, emotion and behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Provenzano
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science, Italian Institute of Technology, Rome, Italy
| | - Hanna Gohlke
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gianluca Saetta
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Professorship for Social Brain Sciences, Department of Humanities, Social and Political Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ilaria Bufalari
- Department of Psychology of Developmental and Socialization Processes, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Marte Roel Lesur
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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14
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Keyes KM, Platt JM. Annual Research Review: Sex, gender, and internalizing conditions among adolescents in the 21st century - trends, causes, consequences. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 65:384-407. [PMID: 37458091 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Internalizing conditions of psychopathology include depressive and anxiety disorders; they most often onset in adolescence, are relatively common, and contribute to significant population morbidity and mortality. In this research review, we present the evidence that internalizing conditions, including depression and anxiety, as well as psychological distress, suicidal thoughts and self-harm, and fatal suicide, are considerably increasing in adolescent populations across many countries. Evidence indicates that increases are currently greatest in female adolescents. We present an epidemiological framework for evaluating the causes of these increases, and synthesize research on whether several established risk factors (e.g., age of pubertal transition and stressful life events) and novel risk factors (e.g., digital technology and social media) meet conditions necessary to be plausible causes of increases in adolescent internalizing conditions. We conclude that there are a multitude of potential causes of increases in adolescent internalizing conditions, outline evidence gaps including the lack of research on nonbinary and gender nonconforming populations, and recommend necessary prevention and intervention foci from a clinical and public health perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M Keyes
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan M Platt
- College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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15
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Mekonen LD, Kumsa DM, Adamu Amanu A. Social media use, effects, and parental mediation among school adolescents in a developing country. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27855. [PMID: 38515715 PMCID: PMC10955317 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Social media use among adolescents is becoming increasingly common worldwide. While social media use has many benefits for everyone, it can also pose risks especially for adolescents, depending on how and why they use it. Therefore, it is an important research and public agenda, especially in developing countries like Ethiopia where there is an increasingly growing social media use among adolescents in these days. This study aimed to assess social media use, effects, and parental mediation among school adolescents in Ethiopia. The study employed concurrent triangulation cross-sectional study design. Simple random sampling and purposive sampling were used to select 227 participants, including adolescents and parents. Descriptive statistics were used to present, analyze, and interpret the quantitative data using SPSS software version 20.0. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data. The findings were then triangulated. The study found that the majority (86.3%) of the respondents were widely using various social media platforms for different purposes. Both adolescents and parents reported that adolescents were experiencing both positive and negative effects from social media use, including academic, mental, social, and health related aspects. However, adolescents emphasized the positive effects, while parents stressed the negative effects more. The study also found that many parents were supportive of their children's social media use for educational purposes, but most do not have control over or do not supervise their children's social media usage. The study recommends that the government, schools, parents, and other concerned bodies work together to improve understanding of and promote safe social media usage among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A. Adamu Amanu
- Department of Sociology, Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia
- Health, Behavior, And Society Department, Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia
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16
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Danzi BA, Kelly JT, Knowles EA, Burdette ET, La Greca AM. Perceived life threat in children during the COVID-19 pandemic: associations with posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2024; 18:35. [PMID: 38500140 PMCID: PMC10949745 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-024-00725-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Defining children's "trauma exposure" in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic has been a source of debate. Children were exposed to threatening messaging about COVID-19 but might interpret this information differently than adults. Perceived life threat (PLT), the belief that one's life is in danger, has been identified as a robust predictor of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), and may be a better predictor of PTSS than actual life threat (ALT). This study investigated parent reports of children's self-PLT (belief that they might die from COVID-19) and family-PLT (belief that a family member might die from COVID-19). The aims were to compare PLT to ALT, evaluate their associations with children's psychological functioning, and identify risk factors associated with PLT. We hypothesized an association between PLT and children's psychological functioning in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Parents (N = 140) reported on their child's (M age = 9.81 years, 47% female) pandemic experiences, psychological functioning, and both self-PLT and family-PLT. Results revealed self-PLT for 10% of the children and family-PLT for 43% of the children, yet only 6% experienced ALT (i.e., they or their parent tested positive for COVID-19). Children with reported self- or family-PLT had higher PTSS, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and functional impairment compared to children without these reported beliefs. PLT, but not ALT, was associated with psychological outcomes. Children with only PLT had greater PTSS and impairment than children with ALT. There were differences in parental functioning and pandemic-related information/media exposure between children with and without PLT. Children's perceptions, rather than objective experiences, may be more central to their psychological functioning. This has implications for screening for pandemic-related symptomatology in children as traditional trauma exposure measures may not adequately identify distressed children.
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Affiliation(s)
- BreAnne A Danzi
- Department of Psychology, University of South Dakota, 414 East Clark Street, Vermillion, SD, 57069, USA.
| | - Jessica T Kelly
- Department of Psychology, University of South Dakota, 414 East Clark Street, Vermillion, SD, 57069, USA
| | - Ellen A Knowles
- Department of Psychology, University of South Dakota, 414 East Clark Street, Vermillion, SD, 57069, USA
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17
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Nawaz FA, Riaz MMA, Banday NUA, Singh A, Arshad Z, Derby H, Sultan MA. Social media use among adolescents with eating disorders: a double-edged sword. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1300182. [PMID: 38404474 PMCID: PMC10884122 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1300182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Eating disorders are on the rise with a significant impact on mental health. Misuse of social media platforms is likely a significant contributing factor. This trend is especially pronounced among adolescents, who are increasingly using social media platforms for communications, building relationships, learning and entertainment. The unsupervised sharing of social media content can have drastic consequences on the physical and psychological wellbeing of youth, which often takes the form of "thinspiration" or "fitspiration". This probably serves as a trigger for those already struggling with eating disorders. In addition, there is a lack of awareness among youth and adults on ideal knowledge-sharing practices related to an eating disorder. By addressing the unique challenges that social media presents for youth with eating disorders, communities can work towards creating a safer and more supportive online environment on a global scale. At this junction, this article aims to share the current challenges of social media use among adolescents with eating disorders and put forth recommendations for how social media could be used as a tool for positive impact in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal A. Nawaz
- Al Amal Psychiatric Hospital, Emirates Health Services, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Global Remote Research Scholars Program, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | | | | | - Aakanksha Singh
- Global Remote Research Scholars Program, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Zara Arshad
- Global Remote Research Scholars Program, St. Paul, MN, United States
- Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hanan Derby
- Mental Health Center of Excellence, Al Jalila Children’s Specialty Hospital, Dubai Health, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai Health, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Meshal A. Sultan
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai Health, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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18
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Liu X, Geng S, Lei T, Cheng Y, Yu H. Connections between Parental Phubbing and Electronic Media Use in Young Children: The Mediating Role of Parent-Child Conflict and Moderating Effect of Child Emotion Regulation. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:119. [PMID: 38392472 PMCID: PMC10886405 DOI: 10.3390/bs14020119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In this digital age, where parental attention is often diverted by digital engagement, the phenomenon of "parental phubbing," defined as parents ignoring their children in favor of mobile devices, is scrutinized for its potential impact on child development. This study, utilizing questionnaire data from 612 parents and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with moderated mediation, examines the potential association between parental phubbing and young children's electronic media use. The findings revealed a correlation between parental phubbing and increased electronic media use in children. Parent-child conflict, informed by instances of parental phubbing, was identified as a partial mediator in this relation. Notably, children's emotion regulation emerged as a moderating factor, with adept regulation linked to reduced adverse effects of parental phubbing and improved relational harmony. These findings underscore the importance of parental awareness of their digital behaviors and the benefits of fostering robust parent-child relationships and supporting children's emotional regulation to nurture well-adjusted "digital citizens" in the contemporary media landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocen Liu
- College of Preschool Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Shuliang Geng
- College of Preschool Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Tong Lei
- College of Preschool Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- College of Preschool Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Hui Yu
- College of Preschool Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
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19
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Rangul V, Holmen TL, Langhammer A, Ingul JM, Pape K, Fenstad JS, Kvaløy K. Cohort Profile Update: The Young-HUNT Study, Norway. Int J Epidemiol 2024; 53:dyae013. [PMID: 38302751 PMCID: PMC10834360 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyae013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vegar Rangul
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
- Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Turid Lingaas Holmen
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
- Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Arnulf Langhammer
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
- Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Jo Magne Ingul
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kristine Pape
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty and Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jørn Søberg Fenstad
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
- Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Kirsti Kvaløy
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
- Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
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20
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Mutlu N, Dinleyici M. Evaluation of Screen Time in Children Under Five Years Old. Cureus 2024; 16:e54444. [PMID: 38510895 PMCID: PMC10951682 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Due to the rapid advancement of technology, there has been a noteworthy increase in the diversity and abundance of activities involving children. The most effective methods to enhance and facilitate children's media interactions are to minimize, reduce, use with caution, and establish healthy patterns. We aimed to evaluate media exposure of children below five years of age. MATERIAL AND METHODS This is a prospective, observational, cross-sectional study that was conducted between December 2017 and September 2019 in Eskişehir, Türkiye. To assess the frequency of electronic device usage among children under the age of five, including televisions, laptops, tablets, and mobile phones, as well as its impact on their sleep patterns and physical measurements, and to evaluate families' understanding of the terms "screen time" and "back screen time," we developed a questionnaire. RESULTS We analyzed a total of 731 questionnaires: 334 (45.7%) were girls, 397 (54.3%) were boys, and the mean age was 33.55±16.37 months. Upon examining the technical equipment accessible to the children in our study, we found that 98.6% possessed a television, 96.9% owned a mobile phone, 54% had a laptop, 49.5% had a tablet, and 34.1% possessed a gaming console. The study revealed the following proportions of electronic devices in children's rooms: 13% televisions, 11.9% tablets, 7.4% laptops, and 7% mobile phones. There has been a substantial increase in the amount of time they spend watching television and playing computer games among children who have at least one sibling. There was a statistically significant disparity between the television viewing periods and the body mass index of children older than two years old. Additionally, we have seen a significant disparity in the presence of media devices in children's bedrooms and the subsequent impact on their sleep duration and patterns throughout both nighttime and daytime. Around 65.8% of parents did not know of the concept of screen time, while 88.4% of parents did not know of the concept of back screen time. DISCUSSION Parental compliance with the current guidelines for screen time is insufficient, among parents with children under the age of five, even though exposure to screens begins in the first months of life. Our analysis highlighted the necessity for parents to establish and enforce a unified and logical media usage policy for all children residing in the household. It is crucial to allocate sufficient time during the routine healthcare visit to discuss these recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nese Mutlu
- Department of Pediatrics, Eskişehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir, TUR
| | - Meltem Dinleyici
- Department of Social Pediatrics, Eskişehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir, TUR
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21
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Langdon RL, DiSabella MT, Strelzik JA. Screen time and pediatric headache: A scoping review of the literature. Headache 2024; 64:211-225. [PMID: 38299747 DOI: 10.1111/head.14674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to summarize the evidence regarding screen use as a contributing factor in pediatric headache and migraine. BACKGROUND Screen exposure is often reported as a headache trigger, though there is no current consensus in terms of how screen type, duration, or frequency influences pediatric headache and the associated burden of disease. METHODS A systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, ProQuest Health and Medical Database, and Google Scholar was performed through November 2022 in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. All English-language articles of pediatric patients aged ≤18 years evaluating screen use in relation to headache were included. RESULTS A total of 48 studies were included. Nearly all studies were cross-sectional and represented international samples. The strongest association between screen use and headache found was for duration of use, and computer use emerged as the most common device type related to headache. While there were mixed findings related to screen use and specific headache diagnosis, migraine appeared to confer a higher risk. Across studies, there were insufficient data to assess the impact of screen use on headache frequency or headache-related disability. Several studies demonstrated changes in screen use and headache patterns related to the COVID-19 pandemic and computer vision syndrome was commonly reported. CONCLUSIONS While there is preliminary evidence supporting possible associations between screen use and pediatric headache, there are several limitations in the present review including a lack of prospective and randomized controlled trials to better demonstrate causal relationships as well as methodological limitations with significant variability in how both headache and screen use are defined and measured. Future studies including real-time screen use and device monitoring are needed to better understand the influence of screen use behaviors on pediatric headache and to help further define best-use guidelines around these technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel L Langdon
- Department of Neurology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Marc T DiSabella
- Department of Neurology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Strelzik
- Department of Neurology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
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22
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Hamshari S, Yaseen S, Zayed M, Dalasha A, Maraqa B, Nazzal Z. Adolescents' electronic devices use during the COVID-19 pandemic and its relationship to anxiety and depression levels: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:38. [PMID: 38200470 PMCID: PMC10777600 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05482-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms among adolescent students in the West Bank region of Palestine, with a particular focus on the impact of electronic device usage on their mental well-being. METHODS This cross-sectional study included a representative sample of 1,140 adolescents enrolled in governmental secondary schools. We targeted schools located in Nablus, Ramallah, and Hebron districts, which, respectively, represent the northern, central, and southern regions of the West Bank. We collected data on their sociodemographic characteristics, patterns of electronic device usage, scores from the Beck Depression Inventory-II, and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale, all gathered through a self-administered online questionnaire. To explore the independent relationship between anxiety, depression, and various factors, we calculated odds ratios and their corresponding 95% CI using a binary logistic regression model. RESULTS The study revealed a prevalence of moderate to severe anxiety at 35.4% [95% CI: 32.7-38.3%] and moderate to severe depression at 23.9% [95% CI: 21.4-26.4%]. Notably, anxiety scores were significantly higher among females [OR = 3.8, 95% CI: 2.5-5.9], individuals with lower academic performance [OR = 3.4, 95% CI: 2.1-5.4], and smokers [OR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.1-3.0]. Similarly, significantly elevated depressive scores were observed among females [OR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.3-3.1], those with lower academic performance [OR = 3.4, 95% CI: 2.1-5.4], and smokers [OR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.3-2.8]. Conversely, students who used electronic devices for shorter durations were less likely to experience depression [OR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.32-0.76] or anxiety [OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.32-0.69]. CONCLUSION Considering the alarming rates of anxiety and depression in adolescents, along with their connection to the time spent using electronic devices, we strongly recommend the creation of initiatives and support networks to alleviate this issue's impact. Encouraging healthier lifestyles, such as reducing screen time and increasing physical activity, could potentially enhance the mental well-being of adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suha Hamshari
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Shaban Yaseen
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Mosab Zayed
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Asala Dalasha
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Beesan Maraqa
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebron University, Hebron, Palestine.
| | - Zaher Nazzal
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
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23
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Seo Y, Lee EJ, Kim JY, Yoo JI, Youn HS. Wellness Perception of South Korean Elementary School Students during the COVID-19 Endemic. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 12:69. [PMID: 38200975 PMCID: PMC10778970 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze health management awareness among South Korean elementary school students in COVID-19 endemic areas. METHODS Using convenience sampling, 675 South Korean elementary school students (age 11-12 years old) were selected as participants in July 2023. Data for the study were collected via online and offline surveys between July and August 2023. The collected data were subjected to frequency, reliability, and multicollinearity analyses, independent sample t-tests, and importance-performance analysis (IPA). RESULTS The findings indicated the following: (1) There was no significant difference in health management performance between male and female children. (2) Children who had not experienced COVID-19 infection, had a higher level of "hygiene management" performance. (3) Among children who did not wear masks during physical activity, "mental health management" and "physical activity management" performance were higher, while "hygiene management" performance was lower. (4) The IPA matrix analysis revealed that, compared to the COVID-19 pandemic period, "physical activity management", "dietary habit management", and "sleep management" still required improvement, while "hygiene management" and "disease management" appeared to have decreased due to the relaxation of epidemic control efforts. CONCLUSION As per the study's findings, schools, local communities, and families should make efforts to develop and implement preventive and individualized health management programs that consider the individual characteristics of their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsuk Seo
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea;
| | - Eui-Jae Lee
- Department of Physical Education, Graduate School of Education, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jin-Young Kim
- Department of Sports in Life, Jangan University, Hwaseong-si 18331, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jung In Yoo
- Department of Sports Science, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong-si 18323, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-su Youn
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, WonKwang University, Iksan-si 54538, Republic of Korea
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24
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Aragay N, Vallès V, Ramos-Grille I, Garrido G, Grimalt EG, Miranda Ruiz E, Jovell-Fernández E. Differences in Screen Addiction in the Past 15 Years. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 21:1. [PMID: 38276790 PMCID: PMC10815312 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has become widespread in recent years, leading to an increase in addiction cases. A total of 118 patients who attended the Behavioral Addictions Unit of Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa (Barcelona, Spain) between October 2005 and December 2021 were included in the study. The sample was divided into three groups according to the time period in which they started treatment: between 2005 and 2010 (before the rise in new technologies, named the pre-ICT period), between 2011 and 2019 (a time of major ICT development, named the ICT period) and between 2020 and 2021 (with massive use of the internet due to effects of the pandemic, named the COVID-19 period). We found an increase in the incidence of screen addiction cases related to the development of technology throughout the study years, and this increase was accentuated during the COVID-19 period. This increase was not equal for all types of content consumed via the internet, with patients with video game addiction increasing to a greater extent than patients with internet/social network addiction. In addition, patients with video game addiction were younger and had started gaming at a younger age than those with internet/social network addiction. These results contribute to a better understanding of the phenomenon of technology addiction and to the design of appropriate treatment protocols and preventive programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Aragay
- Behavioral Addictions Unit, Area of Mental Health Care, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, 08227 Terrassa, Spain; (V.V.); (I.R.-G.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Internacional de Catalunya, 08017 Barcelona, Spain; (G.G.); (E.J.-F.)
| | - Vicenç Vallès
- Behavioral Addictions Unit, Area of Mental Health Care, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, 08227 Terrassa, Spain; (V.V.); (I.R.-G.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Internacional de Catalunya, 08017 Barcelona, Spain; (G.G.); (E.J.-F.)
- Area of Mental Health Care, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, 08227 Terrassa, Spain;
| | - Irene Ramos-Grille
- Behavioral Addictions Unit, Area of Mental Health Care, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, 08227 Terrassa, Spain; (V.V.); (I.R.-G.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Internacional de Catalunya, 08017 Barcelona, Spain; (G.G.); (E.J.-F.)
| | - Gemma Garrido
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Internacional de Catalunya, 08017 Barcelona, Spain; (G.G.); (E.J.-F.)
- Community Rehabilitation Service, Area of Mental Health Care, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, 08227 Terrassa, Spain
| | - Enric Gamundi Grimalt
- Hematological Cytology, Pathological Anatomy Service, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, 08907 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Elena Miranda Ruiz
- Area of Mental Health Care, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, 08227 Terrassa, Spain;
| | - Esther Jovell-Fernández
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Internacional de Catalunya, 08017 Barcelona, Spain; (G.G.); (E.J.-F.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, 08227 Terrassa, Spain
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25
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Alsatti H, Samarkandy SJ, Albogami DB, Alrajhi RK, Alahmadi RA, Alturkistani R, Alzahrani S. The Impact of Social Media on Seeking Dermatological Care. Cureus 2023; 15:e49941. [PMID: 38179367 PMCID: PMC10765218 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Social media is used by more than half of the world's population. Social media is becoming more widely recognized as a significant factor when looking for healthcare services because of its capacity to affect an individual's decision. Therefore, we aim to investigate the influence of social media and the use of filters on seeking cosmetic dermatological procedures among the general population of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. METHODS This cross-sectional study utilized an online form for data collection. The questionnaire was developed by the authors after an extensive literature review. The data collection took place in October 2022 in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Participants were recruited using convenience and snowball sampling methods. RESULTS A total of 1,031 responses were analyzed, with females representing the majority (85.2%, n = 878). About half (47.4%, n = 489) indicated a willingness to undergo an aesthetic procedure, 16.3% (n = 168) had already done one procedure at least, and 53.2% (n = 548) had a specific procedure to do in the future. Healthcare professionals were the most common source of information (53.9; n = 556), followed by social media (22.7%; n = 234). In the Snapchat application, 94.5% (n = 974) of the participants used face filters. Undergoing an aesthetic procedure showed statistically significant associations with age, gender, educational level, employment, and income. CONCLUSION Hiding skin lesions or acne was the most frequently reported reason for using photo editing apps or filters. While healthcare providers were the most frequently reported source of information, Snapchat influenced around 33% of the study's participants to undergo an aesthetic procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanadi Alsatti
- Dermatology, King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Jeddah, SAU
| | - Sahal J Samarkandy
- Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
- Dermatology, King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Jeddah, SAU
| | - Dhai B Albogami
- Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
- Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Jeddah, SAU
| | | | - Raghad A Alahmadi
- Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
- Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Jeddah, SAU
| | | | - Shadi Alzahrani
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
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Mondal H, Mondal S, Ray N. Student perceptions of Twitter poll-based formative assessment in a rural medical college in India. ADVANCES IN PHYSIOLOGY EDUCATION 2023; 47:803-809. [PMID: 37650144 DOI: 10.1152/advan.00110.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Formative assessment is vital for student learning and engagement. Social media platforms like Twitter have gained popularity in medical education, but little research has explored student perceptions of formative assessment through Twitter. This study aimed to observe participation rates in Twitter poll-based formative assessment and survey students' perceptions of it in a rural medical college in India. Fifteen formative assessment sessions were conducted using a Twitter poll after physiology lectures, with five multiple-choice questions per session. The number of participants in each poll was recorded. A questionnaire collected student perceptions after the sessions. Across 15 Twitter poll sessions, we received an average of 12.65 ± 5.53 (median 12) responses. Most students (63%) did not participate, with only 4% participating in over 10 sessions. A total of 107 students participated in the survey, resulting in an 85.6% response rate. Students found social media-based formative assessment interesting and effective for increasing attention in class. However, they preferred alternative platforms like Telegram and Instagram for formative assessment. In conclusion, most students in a rural medical college in India do not participate in Twitter poll-based formative assessment. Nevertheless, students found it interesting and effective, highlighting the importance of considering students' platform preferences for implementing social media-based formative assessment.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The study presents the participation of medical students in Twitter poll-based formative assessment in a rural medical college in India. Despite low participation rates, students found social media-based formative assessment highly effective in increasing their attention during class. The study also reveals student preferences for alternative platforms like Telegram and Instagram. These insights contribute significantly to understanding the impact and relevance of social media-based formative assessment in diverse educational contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himel Mondal
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, India
| | - Shaikat Mondal
- Raiganj Government Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal, India
| | - Nirupama Ray
- Saheed Laxman Nayak Medical College, Koraput, Odisha, India
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Bérard M, Manneville F, Minary L, Ligier F, Bitar S, Agrinier N. Mediating effect of sleep in the association between social media use and mental health among French adolescents during the COVID-19 sanitary crisis. Sleep Med 2023; 112:223-231. [PMID: 37922784 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND Social media use could have deleterious effects on mental health through short sleep duration and poor sleep quality among adolescents. This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of both sleep duration and sleep quality in the association between social media use and mental health among adolescents. PATIENTS/METHODS We used cross-sectional data collected from adolescents in the EXIST pilot project conducted during COVID-19 pandemic. Adolescents self-reported wellbeing (WEMWBS), anxiety and depression (HADS) as mental health outcomes. We used ad-hoc questionnaires to assess social media use during weekdays and weekend days, and sleep duration and quality. Mediation analyses were carried out following Baron and Kenny's method, using adjusted linear regression models. RESULTS A total of 340 adolescents (13.5 ± 0.6 years, 45.3 % girls) were included. Greater social media use, poorer sleep quality, and shorter sleep duration were associated with poorer mental health. Greater social media use was associated with poorer sleep quality only during the weekend days. The total effect of social media use during weekend days on anxiety (β = 2.54; 95%CI [-1.59; 6.68]) was significantly conveyed through sleep quality (β = 1.22; 95%CI [0.17; 2.62]; mediated proportion = 48.0 %) and duration (mediated proportion = 46.8 %). Mediated proportions ranged from 12.5 % to 20.6 % for wellbeing and depression. Mediating effects were not evident during weekdays. CONCLUSIONS Sleep duration and quality mediated the association between social media use and mental health among adolescents during weekend days but not weekdays. Our findings highlight the importance of promoting healthy social media habits, especially during periods of increased reliance on digital platforms, such as COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bérard
- Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - F Manneville
- Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, F-54000, Nancy, France; CHRU-Nancy, INSERM, Université de Lorraine, CIC, Epidémiologie Clinique, F-54000, Nancy, France.
| | - L Minary
- Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - F Ligier
- Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - S Bitar
- Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - N Agrinier
- Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, F-54000, Nancy, France; CHRU-Nancy, INSERM, Université de Lorraine, CIC, Epidémiologie Clinique, F-54000, Nancy, France
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Mushtaq T, Ashraf S, Hameed H, Irfan A, Shahid M, Kanwal R, Aslam MA, Shahid H, Koh-E-Noor, Shazly GA, Khan MA, Jardan YAB. Prevalence of Eating Disorders and Their Association with Social Media Addiction among Youths. Nutrients 2023; 15:4687. [PMID: 37960340 PMCID: PMC10647586 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Eating disorders and excessive attachment to social media are a matter of great concern among youths. This study assessed the prevalence of eating disorders and their association with social media addiction among youths. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 350 participants aged 14-25 years. Two pre-validated tools were used, i.e., the Eating Attitude Test and the Social Networking Addiction Scale. SPSS was used to analyze the data. Out of the 350 students, 42% had probable eating disorders, and 41.7% had social media addictions. The findings revealed that the chances of having eating disorders were significantly higher among youths who lived in separate places, smoked, and had a family history of eating disorders (p ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, the dieting domain displayed notably higher scores for youths living separately (p ≤ 0.05) and smokers (p ≤ 0.01). Moreover, the scores for bulimia and food preoccupation were significantly higher among participants who were married (p = 0.038), were smokers (p = 0.027), and had a family history of eating disorders (p = 0.001). Higher scores in the oral control domain were reported by females (p ≤ 0.05) and severely obese youths (p ≤ 0.01). Moreover, social media addiction was significantly higher among students aged 18-21 (p ≤ 0.01). Spearman's correlation revealed that social media addiction has a weak positive relationship with eating disorders (r = 0.133, p ≤ 0.01), particularly bulimia and food preoccupation (r = 0.173, p ≤ 0.001). This reflects the need to address the harmful consequences of social media addiction that might raise the likelihood of developing eating disorders, particularly bulimia nervosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tehreem Mushtaq
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Seemab Ashraf
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Huma Hameed
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ali Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Maria Shahid
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Rabbia Kanwal
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arslan Aslam
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Hijab Shahid
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Koh-E-Noor
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Gamal A. Shazly
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahtab Ahmad Khan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lubeck, 23566 Lubeck, Germany
| | - Yousef A. Bin Jardan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Priftis N, Panagiotakos D. Screen Time and Its Health Consequences in Children and Adolescents. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1665. [PMID: 37892328 PMCID: PMC10605067 DOI: 10.3390/children10101665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, children and adolescents are exposed to digital media (DM) from an early age. Therefore, specific guidelines have been published by the World Health Organization, whose aim is to limit daily screen time (ST) viewing. However, during the COVID-19 pandemic, a rise in DM use, and consequently ST viewing, was observed. More and more aspects of modern life are thought to be affected by excessive ST viewing. Accordingly, the aim of this review is to document the health effects of excessive ST viewing on children and adolescents. A narrative review was performed in searchable databases. In total, 43 original articles were considered. Excessive ST viewing was correlated with increased risk for obesity and other cardiometabolic risk factors, mental health, unhealthy dietary habits and eating disorders, and problems in development and child-parent relationships. Sleep, physical activity, eyesight, headaches, and the musculoskeletal system were negatively affected as well. However, the effect of ST was weighted by the type of media used and the way types of media were used. Other confounding factors were reported. There is evidence to suggest a negative correlation between excessive ST and youth health exists. Nevertheless, more research is needed if this correlation is to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikos Priftis
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece;
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Gaspar T, Carvalho M, Noronha C, Guedes FB, Cerqueira A, de Matos MG. Healthy Social Network Use and Well-Being during Adolescence: A Biopsychosocial Approach. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1649. [PMID: 37892312 PMCID: PMC10605518 DOI: 10.3390/children10101649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Screen time and the use of social networks is the most frequent form of leisure time occupation and socializing for adolescents. The present study is aimed at understanding and characterizing, from an ecological perspective, what distinguishes healthy and less healthy or even dependent use of social media in young people and the influence on adolescents' well-being. This paper is based on the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) from 2022, a survey carried out every 4 years, in collaboration with the World Health Organisation (WHO), following an international protocol. A total of 7643 students from the 6th, 8th, 10th, and 12th school grades responded, of which 53.9% were female, with an average age of 15.05 (SD = 2.36). The sample is representative of the school grades under study. The results allow us to study and identify similarities and differences between three groups related to the level of healthiness in the use of social networks and its relations to well-being from an ecological perspective. What distinguishes adolescents with less healthy use of social networks is that they are more often female, older, have more self-injurious behaviour, higher alcohol consumption, and a worse relationship with teachers. The adolescents with the highest level of dependence on social networks are those who have a higher perception of lack of safety at school and in their area of residence, as well as a higher use of screen time as a leisure activity. The well-being of adolescents using social media in a healthy way is explained by fewer psychological symptoms, better stress management strategies, better body awareness, more physical activity, less time online with friends, and better relationships with family and teachers. Technologies and social networks are important for the well-being of adolescents; it is essential to promote a healthy, critical and balanced use with other "screen-free" activities and to promote socio-emotional skills, a lack of which seems to be one of the biggest risk factors associated with the healthy use of technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Gaspar
- HEI-LAB, Digital Human-Environment Interaction Labs, Lusófona University, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
- Institute of Environmental Health (ISAMB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.C.); (C.N.); (A.C.); (M.G.d.M.)
| | - Marina Carvalho
- Institute of Environmental Health (ISAMB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.C.); (C.N.); (A.C.); (M.G.d.M.)
- University Hospital Center of Algarve, Manuel Teixeira Gomes Higher Institute, Dr. Estêvão de Vasconcelos no 33 A, 8500-656 Portimão, Portugal
| | - Catarina Noronha
- Institute of Environmental Health (ISAMB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.C.); (C.N.); (A.C.); (M.G.d.M.)
| | - Fábio Botelho Guedes
- Institute of Environmental Health (ISAMB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.C.); (C.N.); (A.C.); (M.G.d.M.)
- Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon/Lisbon University, Estrada da Costa, 1499-002 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ana Cerqueira
- Institute of Environmental Health (ISAMB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.C.); (C.N.); (A.C.); (M.G.d.M.)
- Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon/Lisbon University, Estrada da Costa, 1499-002 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Margarida Gaspar de Matos
- Institute of Environmental Health (ISAMB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.C.); (C.N.); (A.C.); (M.G.d.M.)
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Karam JM, Bouteen C, Mahmoud Y, Tur JA, Bouzas C. The Relationship between Social Media Use and Body Image in Lebanese University Students. Nutrients 2023; 15:3961. [PMID: 37764745 PMCID: PMC10538105 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Well-being is not only defined as being physically healthy; multiple factors can affect a person's well-being. Social media is strongly correlated with the body dissatisfaction of an individual. High exposure to lean and toned body shapes has created new standards and "idealized" body types. The aim of this article was to assess the relationship between social media and body image among university students in Lebanon. Data were obtained from 292 university students (median age: 22 years), selected from different Lebanese regions by using convenience sampling. Demographic data, social media addiction, body satisfaction, levels of physical activity, eating behaviors, and ultimate well-being were expressed as median and interquartile range. People who relied more on social media were younger than those who did not. Individuals addicted to social media had higher odds of having moderate and marked body image concerns. A significant association was found between social media addiction and emotional overeating, food responsiveness, and feeling hunger. These findings stress the need for rising regional and national awareness among social media users, especially the younger ones, and the implementation of intervention and prevention techniques to help prevent body image dissatisfaction, disordered eating patterns, and the alteration of overall well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne M. Karam
- Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban (INSPECT-LB), Beirut 1103 2180, Lebanon
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut 1102 2801, Lebanon
- School of Health Sciences, Modern University for Business and Science, Damour 113-7501, Lebanon
| | - Carol Bouteen
- School of Health Sciences, Modern University for Business and Science, Damour 113-7501, Lebanon
| | - Yara Mahmoud
- School of Health Sciences, Modern University for Business and Science, Damour 113-7501, Lebanon
| | - Josep A. Tur
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), E-07120 Palma, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Bouzas
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), E-07120 Palma, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
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Colì E, Paciello M, Lamponi E, Calella R, Falcone R. Adolescents and Trust in Online Social Interactions: A Qualitative Exploratory Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1408. [PMID: 37628407 PMCID: PMC10453111 DOI: 10.3390/children10081408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Social media have become increasingly embedded in adolescents' daily lives. Although these contexts have been widely studied, how trust in online relationships is built among adolescents is still an unexplored issue. By adopting the theoretical socio-cognitive model of trust, this study aims to explore the components of online trust as far as today's teenagers are concerned. The study involved 10 adolescents aged between 12 and 18 (M = 15.5). The data were collected using individual semi-structured, audio-recorded, and faithfully transcribed interviews. A deductive-inductive content analysis carried out with the NVivo10 software was performed on the textual material. Results show that adolescents seem to be aware of online trust value in "selecting" peers to be trusted. To protect themselves from the risks they are exposed to, they choose to interact with peers/friends who are already known in real life or are similar to them in terms of interests, ways of thinking, passions, and age. Additionally, others' competencies and willingness play an important role in adolescents' evaluations and decisions to rely on others online. The results of this study could be useful for developing awareness-raising interventions on the risks that adolescents are exposed to in order to promote "safe" relationships of trust and emphasize the possible positive use of technologies (e.g., by building online trust relationships using peer "safe" models).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Colì
- Institute of Cognitive Science and Technologies, Italian National Research Council, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.C.); (R.F.)
| | - Marinella Paciello
- Faculty of Psychology, Uninettuno Telematic International University, 00186 Rome, Italy; (E.L.); (R.C.)
| | - Ernestina Lamponi
- Faculty of Psychology, Uninettuno Telematic International University, 00186 Rome, Italy; (E.L.); (R.C.)
| | - Rubina Calella
- Faculty of Psychology, Uninettuno Telematic International University, 00186 Rome, Italy; (E.L.); (R.C.)
| | - Rino Falcone
- Institute of Cognitive Science and Technologies, Italian National Research Council, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.C.); (R.F.)
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Yao N, Chen J, Huang S, Montag C, Elhai JD. Depression and social anxiety in relation to problematic TikTok use severity: The mediating role of boredom proneness and distress intolerance. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2023.107751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
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Khalaf AM, Alubied AA, Khalaf AM, Rifaey AA. The Impact of Social Media on the Mental Health of Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e42990. [PMID: 37671234 PMCID: PMC10476631 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescents increasingly find it difficult to picture their lives without social media. Practitioners need to be able to assess risk, and social media may be a new component to consider. Although there is limited empirical evidence to support the claim, the perception of the link between social media and mental health is heavily influenced by teenage and professional perspectives. Privacy concerns, cyberbullying, and bad effects on schooling and mental health are all risks associated with this population's usage of social media. However, ethical social media use can expand opportunities for connection and conversation, as well as boost self-esteem, promote health, and gain access to critical medical information. Despite mounting evidence of social media's negative effects on adolescent mental health, there is still a scarcity of empirical research on how teens comprehend social media, particularly as a body of wisdom, or how they might employ wider modern media discourses to express themselves. Youth use cell phones and other forms of media in large numbers, resulting in chronic sleep loss, which has a negative influence on cognitive ability, school performance, and socio-emotional functioning. According to data from several cross-sectional, longitudinal, and empirical research, smartphone and social media use among teenagers relates to an increase in mental distress, self-harming behaviors, and suicidality. Clinicians can work with young people and their families to reduce the hazards of social media and smartphone usage by using open, nonjudgmental, and developmentally appropriate tactics, including education and practical problem-solving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abderrahman M Khalaf
- Psychiatry Department, Saudi Commission for Health Specialties, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Abdullah A Alubied
- Psychiatry Department, Saudi Commission for Health Specialties, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Ahmed M Khalaf
- College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
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Kawabe K, Horiuchi F, Hosokawa R, Nakachi K, Soga J, Ueno SI. School teachers' awareness of internet addiction in elementary school students: a regional survey in Japan. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1187387. [PMID: 37520242 PMCID: PMC10374419 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1187387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, concerns about internet addiction (IA) among children have been increasing. This study focused on the awareness of IA in elementary school teachers. A web-based anonymous survey was conducted in November 2021. The participants completed an original questionnaire about their awareness of IA. The participants were divided into three groups based on their positions in the classroom: class teachers, support teachers, and administrative teachers. Out of 283 participants, over 70% had not approached students with IA and had little practical knowledge about the disorder. Support and administrative teachers had more opportunities to interact with students with IA than class teachers (p < 0.001 in both cases). Support teachers had more opportunities to ask their colleagues about IA than class teachers (p < 0.01); similarly, administrative teachers also had more opportunities to discuss IA with colleagues than class teachers (p = 0.04). Preventive interventions are recommended for people who communicate with children with IA. Students with IA might cause anxiety among teachers; therefore, preventive education strategies should be implemented with the cooperation of psychiatrists, psychologists, and public health nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Kawabe
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Fumie Horiuchi
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Rie Hosokawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Kiwamu Nakachi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Junya Soga
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Shu-ichi Ueno
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
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Fung ACH, Wong KKY. Tick-tock: now is the time for regulating social media for child protection. BMJ Paediatr Open 2023; 7:e002093. [PMID: 37474203 PMCID: PMC10360438 DOI: 10.1136/bmjpo-2023-002093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
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Shinde S, Harling G, Assefa N, Bärnighausen T, Bukenya J, Chukwu A, Darling AM, Manu A, Millogo O, Mwanyika-Sando M, Ncayiyana J, Nurhussien L, Patil R, Tang K, Fawzi W. Counting adolescents in: the development of an adolescent health indicator framework for population-based settings. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 61:102067. [PMID: 37448809 PMCID: PMC10336247 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Changing realities in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in terms of inequalities, urbanization, globalization, migration, and economic adversity shape adolescent development and health, as well as successful transitions between adolescence and young adulthood. It is estimated that 90% of adolescents live in LMICs in 2019, but inadequate data exist to inform evidence-based and concerted policies and programs tailored to address the distinctive developmental and health needs of adolescents. Population-based data surveillance such as Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems (HDSS) and school-based surveys provide access to a well-defined population and provide cost-effective opportunities to fill in data gaps about adolescent health and well-being by collecting population-representative longitudinal data. The Africa Research Implementation Science and Education (ARISE) Network, therefore, systematically developed adolescent health and well-being indicators and a questionnaire for measuring these indicators that can be used in population-based LMIC settings. We conducted a multistage collaborative and iterative process led by network members alongside consultation with health-domain and adolescent health experts globally. Seven key domains emerged from this process: socio-demographics, health awareness and behaviors; nutrition; mental health; sexual and reproductive health; substance use; and healthcare utilization. For each domain, we generated a clear definition; rationale for inclusion; sub-domain descriptions, and a set of questions for measurement. The ARISE Network will implement the questionnaire longitudinally (i.e., at two time-points one year apart) at ten sites in seven countries in sub-Saharan Africa and two countries in Asia. Integrating the questionnaire within established population-based data collection platforms such as HDSS and school settings can provide measured experiences of young people to inform policy and program planning and evaluation in LMICs and improve adolescent health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Shinde
- Department of Global Health and Population, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, USA
| | - Guy Harling
- Institute of Global Health, University College of London, United Kingdom
- Africa Health Research Institute, South Africa
- Department of Epidemiology, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, USA
- School of Nursing & Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
- MRC/Wits Rural Public Health & Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa
| | - Nega Assefa
- College of Health and Medical Sciences, Harmaya University, Ethiopia
| | - Till Bärnighausen
- Department of Global Health and Population, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, USA
- Africa Health Research Institute, South Africa
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | | | - Angela Chukwu
- Department of Statistics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Anne Marie Darling
- Department of Global Health and Population, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, USA
| | - Adom Manu
- Department of Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, University of Ghana, Ghana
| | | | | | - Jabulani Ncayiyana
- School of Nursing & Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Lina Nurhussien
- Department of Global Health and Population, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, USA
| | | | - Kun Tang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, China
| | - Wafaie Fawzi
- Department of Global Health and Population, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, USA
- Department of Nutrition, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, USA
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Trafford AM, Carr MJ, Ashcroft DM, Chew-Graham CA, Cockcroft E, Cybulski L, Garavini E, Garg S, Kabir T, Kapur N, Temple RK, Webb RT, Mok PLH. Temporal trends in eating disorder and self-harm incidence rates among adolescents and young adults in the UK in the 2 years since onset of the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-based study. THE LANCET. CHILD & ADOLESCENT HEALTH 2023:S2352-4642(23)00126-8. [PMID: 37352883 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-4642(23)00126-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-harm and eating disorders share multiple risk factors, with onset typically during adolescence or early adulthood. We aimed to examine the incidence rates of these psychopathologies among young people in the UK in the 2 years following onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS We conducted a population-based study using the primary care electronic health records of patients aged 10-24 years in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). The observation period was from Jan 1, 2010, to March 31, 2022. We calculated the monthly incidence rates of eating disorders and self-harm according to the first record of each outcome. On the basis of antecedent trends between January, 2010, and February, 2020, negative binomial regression models were fitted to predict monthly incidence rates after the pandemic began in March, 2020. Percentage differences between observed and expected incidence were calculated to indicate changes since the onset of the pandemic, with stratification by sex, age, and deprivation quintile. FINDINGS The primary care health records of 9 184 712 patients aged 10-24 years (4 836 226 [52·7%] female patients and 4 348 486 [47·3%] male patients; n=1881 general practices) were included for analysis. The incidence rates of eating disorders and self-harm among girls were higher than expected between March 1, 2020, and March 31, 2022. The observed incidence of eating disorders was 42·4% (95% CI 25·7-61·3) higher than expected for girls aged 13-16 years, and 32·0% (13·3-53·8) higher than expected for girls aged 17-19 years, whereas other age groups showed little difference between observed and expected incidence. Similarly, the increase in self-harm incidence was driven by girls aged 13-16 years, for whom the observed incidence was 38·4% (20·7-58·5) higher than expected. By contrast, among boys in all age groups, the incidence rates of eating disorders and self-harm were lower than, or close to, the expected rates. Among boys, the observed incidence of eating disorders was 22·8% (9·2-34·4) lower than expected, and the observed incidence of self-harm was 11·5% (3·6-18·7) lower than expected. The estimated increases in eating disorder and self-harm incidence among girls aged 13-16 years were largely attributable to increases within less deprived communities. INTERPRETATION Although causes are uncertain, increased incidence of eating disorder diagnoses and self-harm among teenage girls in the UK during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic highlight an urgent need for intervention. Early identification of mental health difficulties by primary care clinicians is necessary. Timely access to treatments and sufficient support from general practitioners and mental health services needs to be available to manage presenting problems and to prevent exacerbations of conditions. FUNDING National Institute for Health and Care Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex M Trafford
- Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Matthew J Carr
- Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; NIHR Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Darren M Ashcroft
- Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; NIHR Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Carolyn A Chew-Graham
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - Emma Cockcroft
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Lukasz Cybulski
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Shruti Garg
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Nav Kapur
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; NIHR Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Roger T Webb
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; NIHR Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Pearl L H Mok
- Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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Clemente-Suárez VJ, Ramírez-Goerke MI, Redondo-Flórez L, Beltrán-Velasco AI, Martín-Rodríguez A, Ramos-Campo DJ, Navarro-Jiménez E, Yáñez-Sepúlveda R, Tornero-Aguilera JF. The Impact of Anorexia Nervosa and the Basis for Non-Pharmacological Interventions. Nutrients 2023; 15:2594. [PMID: 37299557 PMCID: PMC10255390 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Anorexia nervosa is a psychiatric disorder with an unknown etiology that is characterized by an individual's preoccupation with their weight and body structure while denying the severity of their low body weight. Due to the fact that anorexia nervosa is multifaceted and may indicate the coexistence of genetic, social, hormonal, and psychiatric disorders, a description of non-pharmacological interventions can be used to ameliorate or reduce the symptoms of this condition. Consequently, the purpose of the present narrative review is to describe the profile's context in the anorexic person as well as the support they would require from their family and environment. In addition, it is aimed at examining preventative and non-pharmacological interventions, such as nutritional interventions, physical activity interventions, psychological interventions, psychosocial interventions, and physical therapy interventions. To reach the narrative review aims, a critical review was conducted utilizing both primary sources, such as scientific publications, and secondary sources, such as bibliographic indexes, web pages, and databases. Nutritional interventions include nutritional education and an individualized treatment for each patient, physical activity interventions include allowing patients to perform controlled physical activity, psychological interventions include family therapy and evaluation of the existence of other psychological disorders, psychosocial interventions include management of the relationship between the patient and social media and physical therapy interventions include relaxation massages and exercises to relieve pain. All these non-pharmacological interventions need to be individualized based on each patient's needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (M.I.R.-G.); (J.F.T.-A.)
| | - Maria Isabel Ramírez-Goerke
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (M.I.R.-G.); (J.F.T.-A.)
| | - Laura Redondo-Flórez
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, C/Tajo s/n, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Ana Isabel Beltrán-Velasco
- Psychology Department, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida y la Naturaleza, Universidad Antonio de Nebrija, 28240 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Alexandra Martín-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (M.I.R.-G.); (J.F.T.-A.)
| | - Domingo Jesús Ramos-Campo
- LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda
- Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile;
| | - José Francisco Tornero-Aguilera
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (M.I.R.-G.); (J.F.T.-A.)
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Jeyaraman M, Ramasubramanian S, Kumar S, Jeyaraman N, Selvaraj P, Nallakumarasamy A, Bondili SK, Yadav S. Multifaceted Role of Social Media in Healthcare: Opportunities, Challenges, and the Need for Quality Control. Cureus 2023; 15:e39111. [PMID: 37332420 PMCID: PMC10272627 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Social media, leveraging Web 2.0 technologies, plays a vital role in healthcare, medical education, and research by fostering collaboration and enabling research dissemination. Healthcare professionals use these platforms to improve public health literacy, but concerns about misinformation and content accuracy persist. In 2023, platforms like Facebook (Meta Platforms, Inc., Menlo Park, California, United States), YouTube (Google LLC, Mountain View, California, United States), Instagram (Meta Platforms, Inc.), TikTok (ByteDance Ltd, Beijing, China), and Twitter (X Corp., Carson City, Nevada, United States) have become essential in healthcare, offering patient communication, professional development, and knowledge-sharing opportunities. However, challenges such as breaches of patient confidentiality and unprofessional conduct remain. Social media has transformed medical education, providing unique networking and professional development opportunities. Further studies are needed to determine its educational value. Healthcare professionals must follow ethical and professional guidelines, particularly regarding patient privacy, confidentiality, disclosure rules, and copyright laws. Social media significantly impacts patient education and healthcare research. Platforms like WhatsApp (Meta Platforms, Inc.) effectively improve patient compliance and outcomes. Yet, the rapid dissemination of false news and misinformation on social media platforms presents risks. Researchers must consider potential biases and content quality when extracting data. Quality control and regulation are crucial in addressing potential dangers and misinformation in social media and healthcare. Stricter regulations and monitoring are needed due to cases of deaths resulting from social media trends and false news spread. Ethical frameworks, informed consent practices, risk assessments, and appropriate data management strategies are essential for responsible research using social media technologies. Healthcare professionals and researchers must judiciously use social media, considering its risks to maximize benefits and mitigate potential drawbacks. By striking the right balance, healthcare professionals can enhance patient outcomes, medical education, research, and the overall healthcare experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhan Jeyaraman
- Orthopaedics, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Dr MGR (M.G.Ramachandran) Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, IND
| | | | - Shanmugapriya Kumar
- Respiratory Medicine, Sri Lalithambigai Medical College and Hospital, Dr MGR (M.G.Ramachandran) Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, IND
| | - Naveen Jeyaraman
- Orthopaedics, Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Nellikuppam, IND
| | - Preethi Selvaraj
- Community Medicine, Sri Lalithambigai Medical College and Hospital, Dr MGR (M.G.Ramachandran) Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, IND
| | - Arulkumar Nallakumarasamy
- Orthopaedics and Traumatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, IND
- Orthopedics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, IND
| | | | - Sankalp Yadav
- Medicine, Shri Madan Lal Khurana Chest Clinic, Moti Nagar, New Delhi, IND
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Al-Ansi AM, Hazaimeh M, Hendi A, AL-hrinat J, Adwan G. How do social media influencers change adolescents' behavior? An evidence from Middle East Countries. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15983. [PMID: 37168884 PMCID: PMC10165405 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Social Media Influencers (SMIs) refer to content creators, entertainment and art vloggers, online gamers, online streamers and any other activities related to social media. SMIs have gained significant portion of media today replacing tradition media and increasingly interacting in education, economy and entertainment world. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of SMIs on adolescents' behavior including intellectual, social, ethical and healthy aspects from the adolescents' perception and perspectives in Middle East countries. Online survey included 27 items was structured and distributed in five Middle East countries. By using convenience sampling, 1612 adolescents (aged 12-22) have completed the questionnaire. Results revealed that SMIs have positive significant impact on adolescents' intellectual aspect while this impact was also significant but negative with different degrees on social, ethical health aspects of adolescents in Middle East countries. Results also revealed that Facebook, what's app and Instagram were the most dominants social media platforms used among adolescents in Middle East countries. This study yields major theoretical contribution as it explores the SMIs influence on adolescents in Middle East and building examination tool based on characteristics and culture of Middle East region.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manar Hazaimeh
- Department of Counseling and Educational Psychology, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Aseel Hendi
- Industrial Engineering Department, The Hashemite University, Jordan
| | | | - Ghadeer Adwan
- Faculty of Education, Islamic University of Gaza, Palestine
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Anastasio AT, Tabarestani TQ, Bagheri K, Bethell MA, Prado I, Taylor JR, Adams SB. A New Trend in Social Media and Medicine: The Poor Quality of Videos Related to Ankle Sprain Exercises on TikTok. FOOT & ANKLE ORTHOPAEDICS 2023; 8:24730114231171117. [PMID: 37151477 PMCID: PMC10161314 DOI: 10.1177/24730114231171117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Social media platforms, like TikTok, have become popular options for the distribution of health care information. Because of the lack of scientific oversight, the quality of health care-related videos has become a focus of the current literature. However, orthopaedic surgery has lagged behind other fields in acknowledging the widespread utilization of TikTok videos for medical information consumption. This study aims to assess the quality and educational benefits of ankle sprain-related TikTok videos. Methods TikTok was queried using the hashtag "#anklesprainexercises." One hundred videos were included after applying the exclusion criteria. The number of views, likes, shares, comments, and favorites was recorded. The content was graded using DISCERN (a well-validated informational analysis tool) and ASEES (a self-designed tool for exercise evaluation). We hypothesized that information on TikTok related to ankle sprain exercises would be poor in quality. Results The total number of views of the 100 videos was 6 483 412, with a median of 5377.5 (IQR = 1074-20 275). The videos collectively received 385 847 likes, 3642 comments, 55 574 favorites, and 14 918 shares with a median of 267.5 (IQR = 41.5-1678.0), 4.0 (IQR = 0.0-23.0), 42.0 (IQR = 4.8-264.5), and 13.0 (IQR = 1.8-67.8), respectively. General users had a higher percentage of their videos graded as "very poor" (61.8%) in comparison to the number of videos uploaded by health care professionals deemed "very poor" (34.4%). Neither general user nor health care professionals had videos graded as "good" or "excellent." There were significant differences between the 2 groups for DISCERN 1, 3, and ASSES scores. Conclusion Although TikTok is a powerful tool for information distribution, the educational value of the videos related to ankle sprain injury exercises was poor. With only 2% of videos receiving a grade of "fair," and no videos reaching a score of "good" or "excellent," health care professionals should be aware of the low-quality content easily accessible on TikTok. Level of Evidence Level III, cross-sectional study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert T. Anastasio
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University Hospital, Durham, NC, USA
- Albert T. Anastasio, MD, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University Hospital, 200 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | | | - Kian Bagheri
- Campbell University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lillington, NC, USA
| | | | - Isabel Prado
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Samuel B. Adams
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University Hospital, Durham, NC, USA
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Holder NA, Coyne-Beasley T. Leveling the Playing Field: Promoting Vaccine Equity for Adolescents and Young Adults. Pediatr Ann 2023; 52:e102-e105. [PMID: 36881793 DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20230118-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Immunization is one the greatest prevention tools in the skillset of the general pediatrician. Ensuring that all patients, particularly adolescents and young adults, have the opportunity and access to age-appropriate vaccines should be an integral part of pediatric practice. Equitable immunization access and allocation should be afforded to adolescents and young adults to foster the health and well-being of America's next generation. This article will focus on select inequities that create health disparities disproportionately affecting adolescents and young adults of color. We seek to highlight inequities in adolescents and young adult vaccination and explore strategies for improving equity among this unique group. [Pediatr Ann. 2023;52(3):e102-e105.].
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Draženović M, Vukušić Rukavina T, Machala Poplašen L. Impact of Social Media Use on Mental Health within Adolescent and Student Populations during COVID-19 Pandemic: Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3392. [PMID: 36834091 PMCID: PMC9965407 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically changed our lives. By increased screen time during the pandemic, social media (SM) could have significantly impacted adolescents' and students' mental health (MH). This literature review aims to synthesize the research on the impact of SM usage on MH of adolescents and students during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. A review of the published literature was conducted in April 2021, through a search of PubMed and Web of Science Core Collection databases. The search yielded 1136 records, with 13 articles selected for this review. Most of the included studies observed the negative impact of SM use on MH of adolescents and students, most noticeably observed were anxiety, depression and stress. More active and prolonged SM usage was associated with a negative impact on MH of adolescents and students. Two studies recorded some potentially positive effects, such as support in coping and providing a sense of connection for those who were isolated due to social distancing measures. Since this review focuses on the early period of the pandemic, future studies should investigate the long-term impact of SM use on adolescents and students MH, with all relevant elements that can enable adequate public health response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Draženović
- Leadership and Management of Health Services, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tea Vukušić Rukavina
- Andrija Štampar School of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lovela Machala Poplašen
- Andrija Štampar School of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Contemporary Hermits: A Developmental Psychopathology Account of Extreme Social Withdrawal (Hikikomori) in Young People. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev 2023; 26:459-481. [PMID: 36653555 PMCID: PMC9848719 DOI: 10.1007/s10567-023-00425-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Although it is widely accepted that human beings have an ingrained 'need to belong,' there seem to be a substantial subset of young people who seclude themselves for most of the time at home and no longer engage in education or work, ultimately withdrawing from participation in society. In Japan, this phenomenon has been labeled as 'hikikomori,' but given its global presence it may be preferable to use the term 'extreme social withdrawal' (ESW). In this qualitative review, we provide a description and definition of ESW, provide figures on its prevalence, and discuss a number of associated concepts, including loneliness and "aloneliness," school absenteeism and dropout, the 'new' developmental stage of adultolescence, and the labor force categories of freeter ('freelance arbeiter') and NEET (a young person not in employment, education, or training). The core of the paper is focused on the origins of ESW in young people and provides a narrative overview of relevant etiological factors, such as aberrant brain processes, unfavorable temperament, psychiatric conditions, adverse family processes including detrimental parenting, negative peer experiences, societal pressures, and excessive internet and digital media use, which are all placed within a comprehensive developmental psychopathology framework. We will close with a discussion of possible interventions for young people with ESW and formulate a guideline that describes (the temporal order of) various components that need to be included in such a treatment.
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