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Chen Y, Li H, Zhang XL, Wang W, Rashed MMA, Duan H, Li LL, Zhai KF. Exploring the anti-skin inflammation substances and mechanism of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. Flower via network pharmacology-HPLC integration. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155565. [PMID: 38579646 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (PL) is widely used in China as a homologous plant of medicine and food. PL flower is rich in bioactive substances with anti-inflammatory effects, while the pathogenesis of skin inflammation is complex and the specific mechanism is not clear, the current treatment of skin inflammation is mainly hormonal drugs, and hormonal drugs have obvious toxic side effects. The research on the treatment of skin inflammation by PL flowers is relatively small, so this study provides a basis for the development and utilisation of PL resources. OBJECTIVE Our study was to investigate the interventional effects of PL flower extracts on skin inflammation and thus to understand its functional role in the treatment of skin inflammation and its molecular mechanisms. METHODS The major active substances in PL flower extracts were investigated by the HPLC-DAD method, and the potential targets of action were predicted by network pharmacology, which was combined with in vitro experimental validation to explore the mechanism of PL flower extracts on the regulation of skin inflammation. The HPLC-DAD analysis identified seven major active components in PL flower extracts, and in response to the results, combined with the potential mechanism of network pharmacological prediction with skin inflammation, the PL flower extract is closely related to MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. In addition, we also investigated the interventional effects of PL flower extract on skin inflammation by western blot detection of MAPK signaling pathway and NF-κB signaling pathway proteins in cells. RESULT Seven active components were identified and quantified from the extract of PL flowers, including Gallic acid, 1,2,3,4,6-O-Pentagalloylglucose, Oxypaeoniflorin, Paeoniflorin, Albiflorin, Benzoyloxypeoniflorin, and Rutin. It was predicted targets for the treatment of skin inflammation, with PPI showing associations with targets such as TNF, MAPK1, and IL-2. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that the main signaling pathways involved included MAPK and T cell receptor signaling pathways. Cell experiments showed that the peony flower extract could inhibit the release of NO and inflammatory factors, as well as reduce ROS levels and inhibit cell apoptosis. Furthermore, the extract was found to inhibit the activation of the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways in cells. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we found that PL flower extract can inhibit the production of cell inflammatory substances, suppress the release of inflammatory factors, and deactivate inflammatory signaling pathways, further inhibiting the production of cell inflammation. This indicates that PL flower extract has a therapeutic effect on skin inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Chen
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China; School of Biological and Food Engineering, Engineering Research Center for Development and High Value Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in North Anhui Province, Suzhou University, Suzhou, Anhui 234000, China
| | - Han Li
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China; School of Biological and Food Engineering, Engineering Research Center for Development and High Value Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in North Anhui Province, Suzhou University, Suzhou, Anhui 234000, China
| | - Xin-Lian Zhang
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Engineering Research Center for Development and High Value Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in North Anhui Province, Suzhou University, Suzhou, Anhui 234000, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Engineering Research Center for Development and High Value Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in North Anhui Province, Suzhou University, Suzhou, Anhui 234000, China
| | - Marwan M A Rashed
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Engineering Research Center for Development and High Value Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in North Anhui Province, Suzhou University, Suzhou, Anhui 234000, China
| | - Hong Duan
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China; School of Biological and Food Engineering, Engineering Research Center for Development and High Value Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in North Anhui Province, Suzhou University, Suzhou, Anhui 234000, China.
| | - Li-Li Li
- General Clinical Research Center, Anhui Wanbei Coal-Electricity Group General Hospital, Suzhou 234000, China.
| | - Ke-Feng Zhai
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China; School of Biological and Food Engineering, Engineering Research Center for Development and High Value Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in North Anhui Province, Suzhou University, Suzhou, Anhui 234000, China.
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Laurindo LF, Rodrigues VD, Minniti G, de Carvalho ACA, Zutin TLM, DeLiberto LK, Bishayee A, Barbalho SM. Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) phytochemicals target the components of metabolic syndrome. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 131:109670. [PMID: 38768871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is a multipurpose dietary and medicinal plant known for its ability to promote various health benefits. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex metabolic disorder driving health and socioeconomic challenges worldwide. It may be characterized by insulin resistance, abdominal obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. This study aims to conduct a review of pomegranate's effects on MetS parameters using a mechanistic approach relying on pre-clinical studies. The peel, juice, roots, bark, seeds, flowers, and leaves of the fruit present several bioactive compounds that are related mainly to anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities as well as cardioprotective, antidiabetic, and antiobesity effects. The use of the juice extract can work as a potent inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme activities, consequently regulating blood pressure. The major bioactive compounds found within the fruit are phenolic compounds (hydrolysable tannins and flavonoids) and fatty acids. Alkaloids, punicalagin, ellagitannins, ellagic acid, anthocyanins, tannins, flavonoids, luteolin, and punicic acid are also present. The antihyperglycemia, antihyperlipidemia, and weight loss promoting effects are likely related to the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. When considering clinical application, pomegranate extracts are found to be frequently well-tolerated, further supporting its efficacy as a treatment modality. We suggest that pomegranate fruit, extract, or processed products can be used to counteract MetS-related risk factors. This review represents an important step towards exploring potential avenues for further research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Fornari Laurindo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Victória Dogani Rodrigues
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giulia Minniti
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonelly Cassio Alves de Carvalho
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tereza Laís Menegucci Zutin
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lindsay K DeLiberto
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL USA
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL USA.
| | - Sandra Maria Barbalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Diniz LA, Ferreira LDAQ, Ribeiro RDB, de Jesus SLG, Anestino TA, Caldeira ASP, Souto GR, de Avelar GF, Amaral FA, Ferreira MVL, Madeira MFM, Braga FC, Diniz IMA. Exploring the association between a standardized extract of pequi peels (Caryocar brasiliense Cambess) and blue light as a photodynamic therapy for treating superficial wounds. Photochem Photobiol 2024; 100:712-724. [PMID: 37909171 DOI: 10.1111/php.13874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Natural products derived from plants can be used as photosensitizers for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) combining key therapeutic strategies for tissue repair while controlling microorganisms' growth. We investigated a standardized extract of pequi peels (Caryocar brasiliense Cambess) as a brownish natural photosensitizer for aPDT using blue light. Three concentrations of the pequi extract (PE; 10, 30, or 90 μg/mL) were tested solely or associated with blue laser (445 nm, 100 mW, 138 J/cm2, 6 J, 60 s). In vitro, we quantified reactive oxygen species (ROS), assessed skin keratinocytes (HaCat) viability and migration, and aPDT antimicrobial activity on Streptococcus or Staphylococcus strains. In vivo, we assessed wound closure for the most active concentration disclosed by the in vitro assay (30 μg/mL). Upon aPDT treatments, ROS were significantly increased in cell monolayers regardless of PE concentration. PE at low doses stimulates epithelial cells. Although PE stimulated cellular migration, aPDT was moderately cytotoxic to skin keratinocytes, particularly at the highest concentration. The antimicrobial activity was observed for PE at the lowest concentration (10 μg/mL) and mostly at PE 10 μg/mL and 30 μg/mL when used as aPDT photosensitizers. aPDT with PE 30 μg/mL presents antimicrobial activity without compromising the initial phases of skin repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Alves Diniz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- LASER Biotechnologies, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luiza de Almeida Queiroz Ferreira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- LASER Biotechnologies, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rafaela de Brito Ribeiro
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Sarah Luiza Galvão de Jesus
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Thales Augusto Anestino
- Department of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Alisson Samuel Portes Caldeira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Vice Directorate of Research, René Rachou Institute-Fiocruz Minas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Ribeiro Souto
- LASER Biotechnologies, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Department of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gleide Fernandes de Avelar
- Department of Morphology, Biological Sciences Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Flávio Almeida Amaral
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Biological Sciences Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fernão Castro Braga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ivana Márcia Alves Diniz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- LASER Biotechnologies, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Wang T, Hu J, Hou Z, Yang H. Antifouling and Antioxidant Properties of PVDF Membrane Modified with Polyethylene Glycol Methacrylate and Propyl Gallate. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1867. [PMID: 38673223 PMCID: PMC11052291 DOI: 10.3390/ma17081867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
In this study, molecules of propyl gallate (PG) and polyethylene glycol methacrylate (PEGMA) were covalently bonded via a transesterification reaction and subsequently grafted onto polyvinylidene fluoride substrates using a homogeneous radiation grafting technique. The enhancement of the membranes' hydrophilicity with the increment of the grafting rate was corroborated by scanning electron microscopy imaging and measurements of the water contact angle. At a grafting degree of 10.1% and after a duration of 4 min, the water contact angle could decrease to as low as 40.1°. Cyclic flux testing demonstrated that the membranes modified in this manner consistently achieved a flux recovery rate exceeding 90% across varying degrees of grafting, indicating robust anti-fouling capabilities. Furthermore, these modified membranes exhibited significant antioxidant ability while maintaining antifouling performance over 30 days. The ability of the modified membranes to scavenge 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS+) free radicals remained nearly unchanged after being stored in pure water for 30 days, and the flux recovery rate remained above 95% after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution for 30 days. Among the tested membranes, the PVDF-g-PEGMAG modified membrane with a grafting degree of 7.2% showed the best antioxidant effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China; (T.W.); (J.H.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China; (T.W.); (J.H.)
| | - Zhengchi Hou
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China;
| | - Haijun Yang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China;
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Xie Z, Gao B, Liu J, He J, Liu Y, Gao F. Gallic Acid-Modified Polyethylenimine-Polypropylene Carbonate-Polyethylenimine Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Anti-Periodontitis Evaluation. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:14475-14488. [PMID: 38559964 PMCID: PMC10976379 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The aim of the research was to develop novel gallic acid (GA)-modified amphiphilic nanoparticles of polyethylenimine (PEI)-polypropylene carbonate (PPC)-PEI (PEPE) and comprehensively assess its properties as an antiperiodontitis nanoparticle targeting the Toll-like receptor (TLR). The first step is to evaluate the binding potential of GA to the core trigger receptors TLR2 and TLR4/MD2 for periodontitis using molecular docking techniques. Following this, we conducted NMR, transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering analyses on the synthesized PEPE nanoparticles. As the final step, we investigated the synthetic results and in vitro antiperiodontitis properties of GA-PEPE nanoparticles. The investigation revealed that GA exhibits potential for targeted binding to TLR2 and the TLR4/MD2 complex. Furthermore, we successfully developed 91.19 nm positively charged PEPE nanoparticles. Spectroscopic analysis indicated the successful synthesis of GA-modified PEPE. Additionally, CCK8 results demonstrated that GA modification significantly reduced the biotoxicity of PEPE. The in vitro antiperiodontitis properties assessment illustrated that 6.25 μM of GA-PEPE nanoparticles significantly reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. The GA-PEPE nanoparticles, with their targeted TLR binding capabilities, were found to possess excellent biocompatibility and antiperiodontitis properties. GA-PEPE nanoparticles will provide highly innovative input into the development of anti- periodontitis nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunxuan Xie
- Department
of endodontics, Jilin University, Hospital
of stomatology, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Boyang Gao
- Department
of endodontics, Jilin University, Hospital
of stomatology, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Jinyao Liu
- Department
of endodontics, Jilin University, Hospital
of stomatology, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Jiaming He
- Department
of endodontics, Jilin University, Hospital
of stomatology, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Yuyan Liu
- Department
of endodontics, Jilin University, Hospital
of stomatology, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Fengxiang Gao
- Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Changchun 130022, China
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Cassano R, Curcio F, Sole R, Mellace S, Trombino S. Gallic Acid-Based Hydrogels for Phloretin Intestinal Release: A Promising Strategy to Reduce Oxidative Stress in Chronic Diabetes. Molecules 2024; 29:929. [PMID: 38474441 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29050929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia caused by abnormalities in insulin secretion and/or action. In patients with diabetes, complications such as blindness, delayed wound healing, erectile dysfunction, renal failure, heart disease, etc., are generally related to an increase in ROS levels which, when activated, trigger hyperglycemia-induced lesions, inflammation and insulin resistance. In fact, extensive cell damage and death occurs mainly due to the effect that ROS exerts at the level of cellular constituents, causing the deterioration of DNA and peroxidation of proteins and lipids. Furthermore, elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and an imbalance of redox levels in diabetic patients produce insulin resistance. These destructive effects can be controlled by the defense network of antioxidants of natural origin such as phloretin and gallic acid. For this reason, the objective of this work was to create a nanocarrier (hydrogel) based on gallic acid containing phloretin to increase the antioxidant effect of the two substances which function as fundamental for reducing the mechanisms linked to oxidative stress in patients suffering from chronic diabetes. Furthermore, since the bioavailability problems of phloretin at the intestinal level are known, this carrier could facilitate its release and absorption. The obtained hydrogel was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Its degree of swelling (a%) and phloretin release were tested under pH conditions simulating the gastric and intestinal environment (1.2, 6.8 and 7.4). The antioxidant activity, inhibiting lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomal membranes induced in vitro by a free radical source, was evaluated for four hours. All results showed that gallate hydrogel could be applied for releasing intestinal phloretin and reducing the ROS levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Cassano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Federica Curcio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Roberta Sole
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Silvia Mellace
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Sonia Trombino
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
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Zhang S, Liu Z, Zhang H, Zhou X, Wang X, Chen Y, Miao X, Zhu Y, Jiang W. Effect and mechanism of Qing Gan Zi Shen decoction on heart damage induced by obesity and hypertension. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117163. [PMID: 37741474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Qing Gan Zi Shen Decoction (QGZS) is a traditional Chinese formula. It has been extensively used for decades in the treatment of hypertension combined with metabolic diseases, but its cardioprotective effects and underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the cardioprotective effects and potential mechanisms of QGZS in an animal model of obese hypertension. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were utilized as an animal model to examine the effects of a high-fat diet and two concentrations of QGZS. Echocardiography, hematoxylin eosin (H&E) staining, and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) staining were employed to assess the cardiac structure and function of the SHRs throughout a 16-week therapy period. Furthermore, Western blotting (WB) and immunofluorescence (IF) were employed to identify the levels of Nrf2 expression in the mitochondria, cytoplasm, and nucleus of the myocardium. Additionally, transmission electron microscopy and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were utilized to measure mitochondrial morphology and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, respectively. Furthermore, Western blotting (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunofluorescence (IF) techniques were employed to quantify the levels of marker proteins associated with myocardial fibrosis, cardiac inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. RESULTS QGZS inhibited weight gain and depressed systolic and mean arterial pressures in high-fat-fed SHRs. Echocardiographic results demonstrated that QGZS prevented the increase in left ventricular mass, restricted the growth of left ventricular diameter, and improved ejection fraction (EF), fractional shortening (FS), and the ratio of early diastolic peak velocity of transmitral flow (E) to late diastolic peak velocity (A) in high-fat-fed SHRs. This suggested that QGZS prevented ventricular remodeling and protected cardiac systolic and diastolic functions. H&E and WGA staining showed that QGZS improved cardiomyocyte disorders and restricted cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. The underlying mechanisms, QGZS attenuated the oxidative stress state, including reducing the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the myocardium, revitalizing the antioxidant enzyme system, and protecting mitochondrial function. Moreover, QGZS alleviated the pro-inflammatory state in high-fat-fed SHRs. What's more, QGZS significantly increased the expression level of Nrf2 in nuclei and mitochondria in rat heart tissues, exerting a proximate Nrf2 agonist effect. CONCLUSIONS QGZS exerted cardioprotective effects, in part due to its increasing expression of Nrf2 protein in the heart, which promoted Nrf2 nuclear expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujie Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zitian Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiaonian Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiuming Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiaofan Miao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yao Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Weimin Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Hu X, Wang M, Cai F, Liu L, Cheng Z, Zhao J, Zhang Q, Long C. A comprehensive review of medicinal Toxicodendron (Anacardiaceae): Botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116829. [PMID: 37429501 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Comprising of about 30 species, the genus Toxicodendron (Anacardiaceae) are mainly distributed in East Asia and North America. Among them, 13 species have been traditionally used as folk medicines in Asia and other parts of the world to treat blood diseases, abnormal bleeding, skin diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, liver diseases, bone injury, lung diseases, neurological diseases, cardiovascular diseases, tonic, cancer, eye diseases, menstrual irregularities, inflammation, rheumatism, diabetes mellitus, rattlesnake bite, internal parasites, contraceptive, vomiting and diarrhea. AIM OF THE STUDY To date, no comprehensive review on Toxicodendron has been published and the scientific basis of the traditional medicinal benefits of Toxicodendron have been less reported. Therefore, this review aims to provide a reference for further research and development on medicinal purpose of Toxicodendron by summarizing the works (from 1980 to 2023), and focusing on its botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology. MATERIALS AND METHODS The names of the species were from The Plant List Database (http://www.theplantlist.org), World Flora Online (http://www.worldfloraonline.org), Catalogue of Life Database (https://www.catalogueoflife.org/) and Plants for A Future Database (https://pfaf.org/user/Default.aspx). And the search terms "Toxicodendron" and "the names of 31 species and their synonyms" were used to search for information from electronic databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, Baidu Scholar, Springer, and Wiley Online Library. Moreover, PhD and MSc dissertations were also used to support this work. RESULTS These species on Toxicodendron are widely used in folkloric medicine and modern pharmacological activities. So far, approximately 238 compounds, mainly phenolic acids and their derivatives, urushiols, flavonoids and terpenoids, are extracted and isolated from Toxicodendron plants, commonly, T. trichocarpum, T. vernicifluum, T. succedaneum, and T. radicans. Among them, phenolic acids and flavonoids are the main compound classes that show pharmacological activities in Toxicodendron plants both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the extracts and single compounds of these species show a wide range of activities, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, liver protection, fat reduction, nerve protection, and treatment of blood diseases. CONCLUSIONS Selected species of Toxicodendron have been used as herbal medicines in the Southeast Asian for a long time. Furthermore, some bioactive constituents have been identified from them, so plants in this genus may be potential new drugs. The existing research on Toxicodendron has been reviewed, and the phytochemistry and pharmacology provide theoretical basis for some of the traditional medicinal uses. Therefore, in this review, the traditional medicinal, phytochemical and modern pharmacology of Toxicodendron plants are summarized to help future researchers to find new drug leads or to get a better understanding of structure-activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Hu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Ethnology and Sociology, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Fei Cai
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Liya Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhuo Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Ethnology and Sociology, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chunlin Long
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100081, China; Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolomics (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; Institute of National Security Studies, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China.
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9
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Zhang L, Ye Q, Gan S, Liu H, Zhang Q, Wang S, Cheng C. Gallic Acid Alleviates Psoriasis Keratinization and Inflammation by Regulating BRD4 Expression. Folia Biol (Praha) 2024; 70:53-61. [PMID: 38830123 DOI: 10.14712/fb2024070010053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic non-contagious autoimmune disease. Gallic acid is a natural compound with potential health benefits, including antioxidant, anticancer, antiviral and antibacterial properties. Nevertheless, the influence of gallic acid on psoriasis has not been fully determined. This investigation aimed to discover the effect of gallic acid on psoriasis. Thirty-one pairs of psoriatic skin tissues and healthy adult human skin tissues were collected. Human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) were transfected with interleukin 17A (IL-17A) to create the psoriatic keratinocyte model. The content of bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) microRNA was assessed using qRT-PCR testing. The content of BRD4 was detected by Western blotting. Cell migration was evaluated by conducting a wound healing assay. Cell proliferation was determined using an EdU assay. Apoptosis was detected by the TUNEL assay. The contents of interferon gamma (IFN-γ), IL-6, IL-8 and IL-17 were detected by ELISA. BRD4 was up-regulated in psoriatic skin tissues and in the IL-17A group compared to the healthy adult human skin tissues and the control group. Silencing BRD4 inhibited cell migration, proliferation and inflammatory response but induced apoptosis in IL-17A-treated HaCaT cells. Conversely, BRD4 over-expression promoted cell migration, proliferation and inflammatory response but suppressed apoptosis in IL-17A-treated HaCaT cells. Gallic acid repressed cell migration, proliferation and inflammatory response but indu-ced apoptosis in HaCaT cells transfected with IL-17A by down-regulating BRD4. Gallic acid represses cell migration, proliferation and inflammatory response but induces apoptosis in IL-17A-transfected HaCaT cells by down-regulating BRD4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Dermatology Department, ShenZhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, China
| | - Qiaoyuan Ye
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Second Clinical Medical College of Guangdong Medical University, China
| | - Saiyang Gan
- Dermatology Department, ShenZhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Dermatology Department, ShenZhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Dermatology Department, ShenZhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, China
| | - Shuangshuang Wang
- Dermatology Department, ShenZhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, China
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10
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Tavera-Hernández R, Jiménez-Estrada M, Alvarado-Sansininea JJ, Huerta-Reyes M. Chia ( Salvia hispanica L.), a Pre-Hispanic Food in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: Hypoglycemic, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Inhibitory Properties of α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase, and in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease. Molecules 2023; 28:8069. [PMID: 38138560 PMCID: PMC10745661 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered one of the major health diseases worldwide, one that requires immediate alternatives to allow treatments for DM to be more effective and less costly for patients and also for health-care systems. Recent approaches propose treatments for DM based on that; in addition to focusing on reducing hyperglycemia, they also consider multitargets, as in the case of plants. Among these, we find the plant known as chia to be highlighted, a crop native to Mexico and one cultivated in Mesoamerica from pre-Hispanic times. The present work contributes to the review of the antidiabetic effects of chia for the treatment of DM. The antidiabetic effects of chia are effective in different mechanisms involved in the complex pathogenesis of DM, including hypoglycemic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, and the inhibition of the enzymes α-glucosidase and α-amylase, as well as in the prevention of the risk of cardiovascular disease. The tests reviewed included 16 in vivo assays on rodent models, 13 clinical trials, and 4 in vitro tests. Furthermore, chia represents advantages over other natural products due to its availability and its acceptance and, in addition, as a component of the daily diet worldwide, especially due to its omega-3 fatty acids and its high concentration of dietary fiber. Thus, chia in the present work represents a source of antidiabetic agents that would perhaps be useful in novel clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Tavera-Hernández
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (R.T.-H.); (M.J.-E.)
| | - Manuel Jiménez-Estrada
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (R.T.-H.); (M.J.-E.)
| | - J. Javier Alvarado-Sansininea
- Herbario FEZA, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Batalla de 5 de mayo S/N, Col. Ejército de Oriente, Ciudad de México 09230, Mexico;
| | - Maira Huerta-Reyes
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Nefrológicas, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Cuauhtémoc, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico
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11
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Côco LZ, Aires R, Carvalho GR, Belisário EDS, Yap MKK, Amorim FG, Conde-Aranda J, Nogueira BV, Vasquez EC, Pereira TDMC, Campagnaro BP. Unravelling the Gastroprotective Potential of Kefir: Exploring Antioxidant Effects in Preventing Gastric Ulcers. Cells 2023; 12:2799. [PMID: 38132119 PMCID: PMC10742242 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of milk kefir against NSAID-induced gastric ulcers. Male Swiss mice were divided into three groups: control (Vehicle; UHT milk at a dose of 0.3 mL/100 g), proton pump inhibitor (PPI; lansoprazole 30 mg/kg), and 4% milk kefir (Kefir; 0.3 mL/100 g). After 14 days of treatment, gastric ulcer was induced by oral administration of indomethacin (40 mg/kg). Reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), DNA content, cellular apoptosis, IL-10 and TNF-α levels, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzyme activity were determined. The interaction networks between NADPH oxidase 2 and kefir peptides 1-35 were determined using the Residue Interaction Network Generator (RING) webserver. Pretreatment with kefir for 14 days prevented gastric lesions. In addition, kefir administration reduced ROS production, DNA fragmentation, apoptosis, and TNF-α systemic levels. Simultaneously, kefir increased NO bioavailability in gastric cells and IL-10 systemic levels. A total of 35 kefir peptides showed affinity with NADPH oxidase 2. These findings suggest that the gastroprotective effect of kefir is due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Kefir could be a promising natural therapy for gastric ulcers, opening new perspectives for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Zambom Côco
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha 29102-920, ES, Brazil; (L.Z.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.C.); (E.d.S.B.); (E.C.V.); (T.d.M.C.P.)
| | - Rafaela Aires
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha 29102-920, ES, Brazil; (L.Z.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.C.); (E.d.S.B.); (E.C.V.); (T.d.M.C.P.)
| | - Glaucimeire Rocha Carvalho
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha 29102-920, ES, Brazil; (L.Z.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.C.); (E.d.S.B.); (E.C.V.); (T.d.M.C.P.)
| | - Eduarda de Souza Belisário
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha 29102-920, ES, Brazil; (L.Z.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.C.); (E.d.S.B.); (E.C.V.); (T.d.M.C.P.)
| | | | - Fernanda Gobbi Amorim
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium;
| | - Javier Conde-Aranda
- Molecular and Cellular Gastroenterology, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Breno Valentim Nogueira
- Department of Morphology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitoria 29047-105, ES, Brazil;
| | - Elisardo Corral Vasquez
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha 29102-920, ES, Brazil; (L.Z.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.C.); (E.d.S.B.); (E.C.V.); (T.d.M.C.P.)
| | - Thiago de Melo Costa Pereira
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha 29102-920, ES, Brazil; (L.Z.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.C.); (E.d.S.B.); (E.C.V.); (T.d.M.C.P.)
| | - Bianca Prandi Campagnaro
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha 29102-920, ES, Brazil; (L.Z.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.C.); (E.d.S.B.); (E.C.V.); (T.d.M.C.P.)
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12
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Yoopum S, Wongmanee N, Rojanaverawong W, Rattanapunya S, Sumsakul W, Hanchang W. Mango (Mangifera indica L.) seed kernel extract suppresses hyperglycemia by modulating pancreatic β cell apoptosis and dysfunction and hepatic glucose metabolism in diabetic rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:123286-123308. [PMID: 37981611 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31066-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the anti-hyperglycemic action of mango seed kernel extract (MKE) and various mechanisms involved in its actions to improve pancreatic β cells and hepatic carbohydrate metabolism in diabetic rats. An intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ) followed by 30 consecutive days of treatment with MKE (250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg body weight) was used to establish a study group of diabetic rats. Using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS) for identification, 26 chemical compounds were found in MKE and the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of the MKE also revealed the existence of mangiferin, gallic acid, and quercetin. The results confirmed that in each diabetes-affected rat, MKE mitigated the heightened levels of fasting blood glucose, diabetic symptoms, glucose intolerance, total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C). As demonstrated by a remarkable increment in serum and pancreatic insulin, the diabetic pancreatic β cell function was potentiated by treating with MKE. The effect of MKE on diabetic pancreatic apoptosis clearly reduced the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells, which was related to diminished levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and Bax and an increase in Bcl-xL protein expression. Furthermore, diabetes-induced liver damage was clearly ameliorated along with a notable reduction in serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and abnormal liver histology. By enhancing anti-oxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, MKE alleviated diabetes-induced pancreatic and liver oxidative damage, as demonstrated by diminished levels of malondialdehyde. In minimizing the expression levels of glucose 6-phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase-1 proteins in the diabetic liver, MKE also enhanced glycogen content and hexokinase activity. Collectively, these findings indicate that by suppressing oxidative and inflammatory processes, MKE exerts a potent anti-hyperglycemic activity in diabetic rats which serve to protect pancreatic β cell apoptosis, enhance their function, and improve hepatic glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasiwat Yoopum
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Navinee Wongmanee
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Worarat Rojanaverawong
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Siwalee Rattanapunya
- Public Health Department, Science and Technology Faculty, Chiang Mai Rajabhat University, Chiang Mai, 50300, Thailand
| | - Wiriyaporn Sumsakul
- Expert Centre of Innovative Herbal Products, Institute of Scientific and Technology Research, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Wanthanee Hanchang
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
- Centre of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
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13
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Kokila NR, Mahesh B, Ramu R, Mruthunjaya K, Bettadaiah BK, Madhyastha H. Inhibitory effect of gallic acid from Thunbergia mysorensis against α-glucosidase, α-amylase, aldose reductase and their interaction: Inhibition kinetics and molecular simulations. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:10642-10658. [PMID: 36533383 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2156923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this exploration, we assessed the antihyperglycaemic properties of methanol extract of flowers of Thunbergia mysorensis (MeT) against α-glucosidase, α-amylase and aldose reductase enzymes for the effective management of postprandial hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia occurs when the body lacks enough insulin or is unable to correctly utilize it. MeT inhibited both the carbohydrate digestive enzymes (α-glucosidase and α-amylase) and aldose reductase, which are vital for the therapeutic control of postprandial hyperglycaemia. MeT was also found to have significant antioxidant activity. Using several spectroscopic approaches, the primary active component found in MeT was identified as gallic acid. With low Ki values, gallic acid significantly inhibited α-glucosidase (30.86 µg/mL) and α-amylase (6.50 µg/mL). Also, MeT and gallic acid both inhibited aldose reductase effectively, corresponding to an IC50 value of 3.31 and 3.05 µg/mL. Our findings imply that the presence of polyphenol compounds (identified via HPLC analysis) is more likely to be responsible for the antihyperglycaemic role exhibited by MeT via the inhibition of α-glucosidase and the polyol pathway. Further, gallic acid interacted with the key residues of the active sites of α-glucosidase (-6.4 kcal/mol), α-amylase (-5.8 kcal/mol) and aldose reductase (-5.8 kcal/mol) as observed in the protein-ligand docking. It was also predicted that gallic acid was stable inside the binding pockets of the target enzymes during molecular dynamics simulation. Overall, gallic acid derived from MeT via bioassay-guided isolation emerges as a natural antidiabetic drug and can be taken into in vivo and clinical studies shortly.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R Kokila
- Department of Chemistry, JSS Academy of Technical Education,(Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi), Bengaluru, India
| | - B Mahesh
- Department of Chemistry, JSS Academy of Technical Education,(Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi), Bengaluru, India
| | - Ramith Ramu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - K Mruthunjaya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - B K Bettadaiah
- Spices and Flavour Science Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India
| | - Harishkumar Madhyastha
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
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14
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Yuca H, Karadayı M, Karakaya S, Civaş A, Tekman E, Guvenalp Z. Phytochemical Analysis and Evaluation of Genotoxic, Antigenotoxic Effects in Bacterial Models, and Hypoglycemic Activity of Epilobium angustifolium L. with Bioguided Isolation of Active Compounds. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300922. [PMID: 37997279 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of methanol extract and its sub-extracts from Epilobium angustifolium on α-glucosidase and α-amylase activity. Secondary metabolites and amino acids were quantified using LC-MS/MS. Dichloromethane sub-extract displayed the highest activity and was chosen for further investigation. Despite the widespread use of E. angustifolium, genotoxicity studies were conducted to assess its safety. Dichloromethane significantly inhibited α-glucosidase (IC50 =17.340 μg/mL), making it approximately 293 times more effective than acarbose. Six known compounds, including gallic acid (1), a mixture of quercetin-3-O-α-galactoside (2a) and quercetin-3-O-α-glucoside (2b), quercetin-3-O-α-glucuronic acid (3), quercetin-3-O-α-rhamnoside (4), and kaempferol-3-O-α-rhamnoside (5) were identified. Quercetin-3-O-α-rhamnoside exhibited the highest inhibition of α-glucosidase (IC50 =1735±85 μM), making it 3.70 times more effective than acarbose. Dichloromethane also showed significant antigenotoxic activity against mutagenesis induced by NaN3, 9-AA, 4-NPD, and MNNG. Gallic acid was found in the highest abundance (13253.6931 ng/mL) in the methanolic extract. Furthermore, L-Aspartic acid was the most concentrated amino acid (363.5620 nmol/mL) in the methanolic extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafize Yuca
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plant and Drug Research Center, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Karadayı
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Songül Karakaya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Civaş
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Services, Igdir University, Igdir, Turkey
| | - Enes Tekman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Zuhal Guvenalp
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plant and Drug Research Center, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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15
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Wawoczny A, Gillner D. The Most Potent Natural Pharmaceuticals, Cosmetics, and Food Ingredients Isolated from Plants with Deep Eutectic Solvents. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37433265 PMCID: PMC10375538 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
There is growing interest in reducing the number of synthetic products or additives and replacing them with natural ones. The pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries are especially focused on natural and bioactive chemicals isolated from plants or microorganisms. The main challenge here is to develop efficient and ecological methods for their isolation. According to the strategies and rules of sustainable development and green chemistry, green solvents and environmentally friendly technologies must be used. The application of deep eutectic solvents as efficient and biodegradable solvents seems to be a promising alternative to traditional methods. They are classified as being green and ecological but, most importantly, very efficient extraction media compared to organic solvents. The aim of this review is to present the recent findings on green extraction, as well as the biological activities and the possible applications of natural plant ingredients, namely, phenolics, flavonoids, terpenes, saponins, and some others. This paper thoroughly reviews modern, ecological, and efficient extraction methods with the use of deep eutectic solvents (DESs). The newest findings, as well as the factors influencing the efficiency of extraction, such as water content, and hydrogen bond donor and acceptor types, as well as the extraction systems, are also discussed. New solutions to the major problem of separating DESs from the extract and for solvent recycling are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Wawoczny
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Danuta Gillner
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
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16
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Silva ML, Rita K, Bernardo MA, Mesquita MFD, Pintão AM, Moncada M. Adansonia digitata L. (Baobab) Bioactive Compounds, Biological Activities, and the Potential Effect on Glycemia: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:2170. [PMID: 37432337 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Adansonia digitata L. fruit, also known as baobab, has been used traditionally throughout the world for its medicinal properties. Ethnopharmacological uses of various plant parts have been reported for hydration, antipyretic, antiparasitic, antitussive, and sudorific properties and also in the treatment of diarrhea and dysentery in many African countries. Several studies have revealed that in addition to these applications, baobab has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antimicrobial activities. The health benefits of baobab have been attributed to its bioactive compounds, namely phenols, flavonoids, proanthocyanins, tannins, catechins, and carotenoids. Baobab fruit is also an important source of vitamin C and micronutrients, including zinc, potassium, magnesium, iron, calcium, and protein, which may reduce nutritional deficiencies. Despite scientific studies revealing that this fruit has a wide diversity of bioactive compounds with beneficial effects on health, there is a gap in the review of information about their mechanisms of action and critical analysis of clinical trials exploring, in particular, their effect on glycemia regulation. This work aims to present a current overview of the bioactive compounds, biological activities, and effects of A. digitata fruit on blood glucose, highlighting their potential mechanisms of action and effects on glycemia regulation, evaluated in recent animal and human trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Leonor Silva
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Keyla Rita
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria Alexandra Bernardo
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria Fernanda de Mesquita
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana Maria Pintão
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Margarida Moncada
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
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Han M, Yang F, Zhang K, Ni J, Zhao X, Chen X, Zhang Z, Wang H, Lu J, Zhang Y. Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Diabetic Activities of Tectona grandis Methanolic Extracts, Fractions, and Isolated Compounds. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030664. [PMID: 36978912 PMCID: PMC10044725 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tectona grandis is a traditional Dai medicine plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family, which can be used to treat malaria, inflammation, diabetes, liver disease, bronchitis, tumors, cholelithiasis, jaundice, skin disease and as an anti-helminthic. To find more novel therapeutic agents contained in this medicinal plant, the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic activities of T. grandis methanolic extract, fractions and compounds were evaluated. In this study, 26 compounds were isolated from the leaves and branches of T. grandis. Their structures were identified based on extensive spectral experiments, including NMR, ESI-MS and comparison with published spectral data. Among them, compounds 1–2, 4–6, 9–14 and 16–22 were reported for the first time for this plant. The antioxidant activity screening results showed that compounds 5, 15 and 23 had potent antioxidant capacities, with SC50 values from 0.32 to 9.92 µmol/L, 0.92 to 1.10 mmol Trolox/L and 1.02 to 1.22 mmol Trolox/L for DPPH, ABTS and FRAP, respectively. In addition, their anti-inflammatory effects were investigated by releasing TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 through the use of mouse monocytic macrophages (RAW 264.7). Compounds 1, 13, 18 and 23 had the effects of reducing the expression of inflammatory factors. Compounds 13 and 18 were reported for the first time for their anti-inflammatory activities. Furthermore, the methanolic extract (ME), petroleum ether extract (PEE) and EtOAc extract (EAE) of T. grandis showed significant glucose uptake activities; compounds 21 and 23 significantly promoted glucose uptake of 3T3-L1 adipocytes at 40 µM. Meanwhile, compounds 4, 5 and 7 showed significant inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase, with IC50 values of 14.16 ± 0.34 µmol/L, 19.29 ± 0.26 µmol/L and 3.04 ± 0.08 µmol/L, respectively. Compounds 4 and 5 were reported for the first time for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Our investigation explored the possible therapeutic material basis of T. grandis to prevent oxidative stress and related diseases, especially inflammation and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Han
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- Faculty of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fengxian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- Faculty of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiyan Ni
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- Faculty of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Xuelin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- Faculty of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhennan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- Faculty of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hanlei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- Faculty of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- Faculty of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yumei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-871-6511-2766
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Rajput A, Sharma P, Singh D, Singh S, Kaur P, Attri S, Mohana P, Kaur H, Rashid F, Bhatia A, Jankowski J, Arora V, Tuli HS, Arora S. Role of polyphenolic compounds and their nanoformulations: a comprehensive review on cross-talk between chronic kidney and cardiovascular diseases. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:901-924. [PMID: 36826494 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02410-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects a huge portion of the world's population and frequently leads to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). It might be because of common risk factors between chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular diseases. Renal dysfunction caused by chronic kidney disease creates oxidative stress which in turn leads to cardiovascular diseases. Oxidative stress causes endothelial dysfunction and inflammation in heart which results in atherosclerosis. It ends in clogging of veins and arteries that causes cardiac stroke and myocardial infarction. To develop an innovative therapeutic approach and new drugs to treat these diseases, it is important to understand the pathophysiological mechanism behind the CKD and CVDs and their interrelationship. Natural phytoconstituents of plants such as polyphenolic compounds are well known for their medicinal value. Polyphenols are plant secondary metabolites with immense antioxidant properties, which can protect from free radical damage. Nowadays, polyphenols are generating a lot of buzz in the scientific community because of their potential health benefits especially in the case of heart and kidney diseases. This review provides a detailed account of the pathophysiological link between CKD and CVDs and the pharmacological potential of polyphenols and their nanoformulations in promoting cardiovascular and renal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Rajput
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Palvi Sharma
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Davinder Singh
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Sharabjit Singh
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Prabhjot Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Shivani Attri
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Pallvi Mohana
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Harneetpal Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Farhana Rashid
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Astha Bhatia
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Joachim Jankowski
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Vanita Arora
- Sri Sukhmani Dental College & Hospital, Derabassi, Punjab, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133207, India
| | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
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19
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Singh AK, Kumar P, Rajput VD, Mishra SK, Tiwari KN, Singh AK, Minkina T, Pandey AK. Phytochemicals, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory Studies, and Identification of Bioactive Compounds Using GC-MS of Ethanolic Novel Polyherbal Extract. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12010-023-04363-7. [PMID: 36701094 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04363-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is the hallmark of diabetes, which is a collection of related metabolic disorders. Over time, diabetes can cause a variety of problems, including cardiovascular disease, nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy. Ethanolic novel polyherbal extract (PHE) was prepared by mixing equal amounts of the following ingredients: Terminalia chebula Retz. (TC), Terminalia bellerica Roxb. (TB), Berberis aristata DC. (BA), Nyctanthes arbostratis L. (NA), Premna integrifolia L. (PI), and Andrographis paniculata Nees. (AP). Analysis of PHE results revealed phytochemicals like glycosides, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, phytosterols, and saponins. The aim of the study was to prepare an ethanolic extract of PHE using the cold maceration technique, and identify bioactive molecules from gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, and evaluate biological responses by using in vitro studies like antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. PHE was found to contain a total of 35 phytochemicals in GC-MS of which 22 bioactive compounds were obtained in good proportion. There are a few new ones, including 2-buten-1-ol, 2-ethyl-4-(2, 2, 3-trimethyl-3-cyclopenten-1-yl (17.22%), 1, 2, 5, 6-tetrahydrobenzonitrile (4.26%), 4-piperidinamine, 2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethyl-(0.07%), undecanoic acid, 5-chloro-, chloromethyl ester (0.41%), are identified. Antioxidant activity was estimated using EC50 values of 392.143 µg/ml, which were comparable to the standard value of EC50 310.513 µg/ml obtained using DPPH. Antioxidant activity was estimated with EC50 392.143 µg/ml, comparable to standard EC50 310.513 µg/ml using DPPH. In vitro anti-inflammatory potential was found with IC50 of 91.449 µg/ml, comparable to standard IC50 89.451 µg/ml for membrane stabilization and IC50 of 36.940 µg/ml, comparable to standard IC50 35.723 µg/ml for protein denaturation assays. As a result, the findings of this study show an enrichment of bioactive phytochemicals that can be used to investigate biological activity. To better understand how diabetes receptors work, in silico studies like docking could be carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Botany, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Vishnu D Rajput
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov On Don, Russia
| | - Sunil Kumar Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India.
| | - Kavindra Nath Tiwari
- Department of Botany, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Anand Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry, PG College, Mariahu, VBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, 222161, India
| | - Tatiana Minkina
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov On Don, Russia
| | - Ajay Kumar Pandey
- Department of Kaychikitsa, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
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20
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Khodeer DM, Nasr AM, Swidan SA, Shabayek S, Khinkar RM, Aldurdunji MM, Ramadan MA, Badr JM. Characterization, antibacterial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities of green synthesized silver nanoparticles using Phragmanthera austroarabica A. G. Mill and J. A. Nyberg extract. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1078061. [PMID: 36687608 PMCID: PMC9849905 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1078061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that exhibited great expansion all over the world. It is becoming an epidemic disease adding a major burden to the health care system, particularly in developing countries. Methods The plant under investigation in the current study Phragmanthera austroarabica A. G. Mill and J. A. Nyberg is traditionally used in Saudi Arabia for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The methanolic extract (200 mg/kg) of the plant and pure gallic acid (40 mg/kg), a major metabolite of the plant, as well as their silver nanoparticle formulae (AgNPs) were evaluated for their antidiabetic activity. Results and Discussion The results showed a decrease in body fat, obesity, an improvement in lipid profiles, normalization of hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and hyperinsulinemia, and an improvement in liver tissue structure and function. However, the results obtained from AgNPs for both extract and the pure gallic acid were better in most measured parameters. Additionally, the activity of both the crude extract of the plant and its AgNPs were evaluated against a number of gram-positive, gram-negative bacteria and fungi. Although the activity of the crude extract ranged from moderate to weak or even non-active, the AgNPs of the plant extract clearly enhanced the antimicrobial activity. AgNPs of the extract demonstrated remarkable activity, especially against the Gram-negative pathogens Proteus vulgaris (MIC 2.5 μg/ml) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC 5 μg/ml). Furthermore, a promising antimicrobial activity was shown against the Gram-positive pathogen Streptococcus mutants (MIC 1.25 μg/ml).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina M. Khodeer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt,*Correspondence: Dina M. Khodeer, ✉
| | - Ali M. Nasr
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, Suez, Egypt
| | - Shady A. Swidan
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt,The Centre for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sarah Shabayek
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Roaa M. Khinkar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M. Aldurdunji
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam A. Ramadan
- Department of Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Jihan M. Badr
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt,Jihan M. Badr, ✉
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21
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Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Other Health Effects of Dragon Fruit and Potential Delivery Systems for Its Bioactive Compounds. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15010159. [PMID: 36678789 PMCID: PMC9861186 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dragon fruit (Hylocereus genus) has the potential for the prevention of diseases associated with inflammatory and oxidative processes. We aimed to comprehensively review dragon fruit health effects, economic importance, and possible use in delivery systems. Pubmed, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched, and PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis) guidelines were followed. Studies have shown that pitaya can exert several benefits in conditions such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer due to the presence of bioactive compounds that may include vitamins, potassium, betacyanin, p-coumaric acid, vanillic acid, and gallic acid. Moreover, pitaya has the potential to be used in food and nutraceutical products as functional ingredients, natural colorants, ecologically correct and active packaging, edible films, preparation of photoprotective products, and additives. Besides the importance of dragon fruit as a source of bioactive compounds, the bioavailability is low. The development of delivery systems such as gold nanoparticles with these compounds can be an alternative to reach target tissues.
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22
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Nag S, Majumder S. Starch, gallic acid, their inclusion complex and their effects in diabetes and other
diseases—A
review. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 11:1612-1621. [PMID: 37051339 PMCID: PMC10084954 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Starch is the most important energy-providing component of food. It is useful for maintaining the structural and rheological consistency of food, ad thus, in turn, is responsible for maintaining the freshness of food. Polyphenols are present in plant products in huge amounts as secondary metabolites. Gallic acid, one of the potent plant polyphenols, has been reported to have excellent anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, anticarcinogenic, microbicidal, and antidiabetic properties. Till date, very few articles on the starch-polyphenol inclusion complex are present. Quite a few hypotheses have been proposed as to how the formation of an inclusion complex of starch with polyphenol can slower the digestion or the hydrolysis of starch. The efficient qualities of starch-polyphenol systems, such as reduced starch digestion, lower blood glucose and preserving food freshness, have formed a necessity for investigation in this area. The focus of this review centers on the recent research on starch-polyphenol interactions and starch-gallic acid inclusion complexes in native and extruded food systems, as well as how the production of these complexes can aid in the treatment of diseases, particularly diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayoni Nag
- Department of Biotechnology Brainware University Barasat India
| | - Suman Majumder
- Department of Biotechnology Brainware University Barasat India
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23
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Jing X, Zhou J, Zhang N, Zhao L, Wang S, Zhang L, Zhou F. A Review of the Effects of Puerarin on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Metabolic Syndrome: Mechanisms and Opportunities. Foods 2022; 11:foods11233941. [PMID: 36496749 PMCID: PMC9739247 DOI: 10.3390/foods11233941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic diseases, including metabolic syndrome related to sugar and lipid metabolic disorders, are the leading causes of premature death around the world. Novel treatment strategies without undesirable effects are urgently needed. As a natural functional ingredient, puerarin is a promising alternative for the treatment of sugar and lipid metabolic disorders. However, the applications of puerarin are limited due to its poor solubility and short half-life. Various drug delivery systems have been investigated to improve the bioavailability of puerarin. This review summarizes the mechanisms involved in the beneficial action of puerarin: suppressing the release of glucose and FFA; regulating the transport of glucose and fatty acids; acting on the PI3K-Akt and AMPK signaling pathways to decrease the synthesis of glucose and fatty acids; acting on the PPAR signaling pathway to promote β-oxidation; and improving insulin secretion and sensitivity. In addition, the preparation technologies used to improve the bioavailability of puerarin are also summarized in this review, in the hope of helping to promote the application of puerarin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Jing
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jingxuan Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Nanhai Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Shiran Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Liebing Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (F.Z.)
| | - Feng Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (F.Z.)
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24
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Enhancement of Digestion Resistance and Glycemic Control of Corn Starch through Conjugation with Gallic Acid and Quercetin Using the Free Radical Grafting Method. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10122610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to synthesize different polyphenol–corn starch complexes including gallic acid–starch and quercetin–starch by conjugating corn starch with gallic acid and quercetin using the free radical grafting method. This process was effective in enhancing conjugations of starch molecules with gallic acid and quercetin (5.20 and 5.83 mg GAE/g, respectively) and imparted promising antioxidant capacity to the phenolic–starch complexes. Significant interactions between these phenolic compounds and corn starch molecules were revealed with an ultraperformance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization Q-time-of-flight mass spectrometry assay. It was revealed that significantly higher levels of resistant starch in the above gallic–starch and quercetin–starch complex samples (11.6 and 15.3 g/100 g, respectively) together with an obvious reduction in glycemic response (7.9% and 11.8%, respectively) observed over the control. Complex samples functionalized with gallic acid and quercetin have exerted modified physicochemical properties, particularly reduction in swelling ability (58.7–60.1%), breakdown viscosity (62.5–67.8%), and setback viscosity (37.7–44.5%). In sum, free radical grafting treatment could be a promising method for imparting corn starch with enhanced resistance to enzyme digestion along with changes in pasting properties for specific food applications.
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Isopropyl Gallate, a Gallic Acid Derivative: In Silico and In Vitro Investigation of Its Effects on Leishmania major. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122701. [PMID: 36559198 PMCID: PMC9787715 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Isopropyl gallate (IPG) is a polyphenol obtained from alterations in the gallic acid molecule via acid catalysis with previously reported leishmanicidal and trypanocidal activities. The present study aims to evaluate in silico binding activity towards some targets for antileishmanial chemotherapy against Leishmania major species, and ADMET parameters for IPG, as well as in vitro antileishmanial and cytotoxic effects. Molecular docking was performed using AutoDockVina and BIOVIA Discovery Studio software, whereas in silico analysis used SwissADME, PreADMET and admetSAR software. In vitro antileishmanial activity on promastigotes and amastigotes of Leishmania major, cytotoxicity and macrophages activation were assessed. IPG exhibited affinity for pteridine reductase (PTR1; -8.2 kcal/mol) and oligopeptidase B (OPB; -8.0 kcal/mol) enzymes. ADMET assays demonstrated good lipophilicity, oral bioavailability, and skin permeability, as well as non-mutagenic, non-carcinogenic properties and low risk of cardiac toxicity for IPG. Moreover, IPG inhibited the in vitro growth of promastigotes (IC50 = 90.813 µM), presented significant activity against amastigotes (IC50 = 13.45 μM), promoted low cytotoxicity in macrophages (CC50 = 1260 μM), and increased phagocytic capacity. These results suggest IPG is more selectively toxic to the parasite than to mammalian cells. IPG demonstrated acceptable in silico pharmacokinetics parameters, and reduced infection and infectivity in parasitized macrophages, possibly involving macrophage activation pathways and inhibition of leishmania enzymes.
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26
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Snoussi M, Ahmad I, Aljohani AMA, Patel H, Abdulhakeem MA, Alhazmi YS, Tepe B, Adnan M, Siddiqui AJ, Sarikurkcu C, Riadh B, De Feo V, Alreshidi M, Noumi E. Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activities of Ducrosia flabellifolia: A Combined Experimental and Computational Approaches. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2174. [PMID: 36358545 PMCID: PMC9686979 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ducrosia flabellifolia Boiss. is a rare desert plant known to be a promising source of bioactive compounds. In this paper, we report for the first time the phytochemical composition and biological activities of D. flabellifolia hydroalcoholic extract by using liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) technique. The results obtained showed the richness of the tested extract in phenols, tannins, and flavonoids. Twenty-three phytoconstituents were identified, represented mainly by chlorogenic acid, followed by ferulic acid, caffeic acid, and sinapic acid. The tested hydroalcoholic extract was able to inhibit the growth of all tested bacteria and yeast on agar Petri dishes at 3 mg/disc with mean growth inhibition zone ranging from 8.00 ± 0.00 mm for Enterococcus cloacae (E. cloacae) to 36.33 ± 0.58 mm for Staphylococcus epidermidis. Minimal inhibitory concentration ranged from 12.5 mg/mL to 200 mg/mL and the hydroalcoholic extract from D. flabellifolia exhibited a bacteriostatic and fungistatic character. In addition, D. flabellifolia hydroalcoholic extract possessed a good ability to scavenge different free radicals as compared to standard molecules. Molecular docking studies on the identified phyto-compounds in bacterial, fungal, and human peroxiredoxin 5 receptors were performed to corroborate the in vitro results, which revealed good binding profiles on the examined protein targets. A standard atomistic 100 ns dynamic simulation investigation was used to further evaluate the interaction stability of the promising phytocompounds, and the results showed conformational stability in the binding cavity. The obtained results highlighted the medicinal use of D. flabellifolia as source of bioactive compounds, as antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mejdi Snoussi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Ha’il 2440, Saudi Arabia
- Laboratory of Genetics, Biodiversity and Valorization of Bio-Resources (LR11ES41), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue Tahar Haddad, BP74, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Iqrar Ahmad
- Division of Computer Aided Drug Design, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Harun Patel
- Division of Computer Aided Drug Design, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Yasser S. Alhazmi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Ha’il 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bektas Tepe
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature, TR-79000 Kilis, Turkey
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Ha’il 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arif J. Siddiqui
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Ha’il 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Cengiz Sarikurkcu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, TR-03100 Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Badraoui Riadh
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Ha’il 2440, Saudi Arabia
- Section of Histology Cytology, Medicine Faculty of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, La Rabta 1007, Road Djebal Lakhdhar, Tunis 1007, Tunisia
- Department of HistoEmbryology and Cytogenetics, Medicine Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, Road of Majida Boulia, Sfax 3029, Tunisia
| | - Vincenzo De Feo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy
| | - Mousa Alreshidi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Ha’il 2440, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Hail, Ha’il 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emira Noumi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Ha’il 2440, Saudi Arabia
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Guo S, Meng J, Wang S, Gu D, Chu T, Yang Y. Preparation of magnetic microcapsules of α-amylase and α-glucosidase for dual-target affinity screening of active components from Toona sinensis. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Targeted UHPLC-MS Analysis Reveals Disparate Polyphenol Composition and Concentration in Muscadine Grape Supplements with Proportional Antioxidant Activity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11112117. [PMID: 36358490 PMCID: PMC9686579 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscadine grape supplements (MGS) with high polyphenol content are a potential therapeutic option to combat oxidative stress; however, the precise identity and concentration of individual phenolics in commercially processed MGSs is not well defined. We probed for 17 phenolic compounds by ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography and mass spectroscopy from distinct lots of four commercially processed MGSs composed of MG seed and/or skin waste products. The total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity were highest in a dried water-extract MGS as compared to three ground seed and/or skin products. The TPC was not different between MGS lots from individual companies and remained stable for 3 years without microbial contamination. The extract MGS had the highest concentration of epicatechin, ellagic acid, gallic acid, procyanidin B2, catechin and catechin gallate compared to the other supplements. Only ellagic acid and gallic acid were detected in all four MGSs, while catechin and catechin gallate were below detection in two supplements. Based on gram weight, only the extract MGS prevented the angiotensin II-induced increase in malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxynonenol in rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes as well as upregulated superoxide dismutase and catalase. This study demonstrates that commercial MGSs differ in phenolic composition and concentration, resulting in disparate antioxidant activity.
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Zhao X, Huang P, Yuan J. Influence of glimepiride plus sitagliptin on treatment outcome, blood glucose, and oxidative stress in diabetic patients. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:7459-7466. [PMID: 36398218 PMCID: PMC9641479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This research sets out to investigate the influence of glimepiride (GLIM) plus sitagliptin (SITA) on the treatment outcome, blood glucose (BG), and oxidative stress (OS) in diabetic patients. METHODS In this retrospective study, 189 patient cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) admitted from July 2017 to July 2021 to the Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University were selected, of whom 99 cases treated with GLIM + SITA were assigned to the research group (RG) and 90 cases receiving GLIM monotherapy were set as the control group (CG). The two cohorts of patients were compared in terms of treatment outcomes, BG, islet function, OS, inflammatory responses (IRs), and safety. The BG indexes detected mainly included fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2hPG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Islet function was mainly measured by Homeostasis Model Assessment of β-cell Function (HOMA-β) and Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). The OS parameters measured primarily included malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX). Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-18 were the inflammatory factors measured. RESULTS A statistically higher excellent or good rate of treatment was determined in the RG compared to the CG. After treatment, FBG, 2hPG, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, MDA, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-18 were lower in the RG while HOMA-β, SOD, and GSH-PX were higher, compared to the levels before treatment and the CG. A non-significantly different incidence of adverse reactions between groups was determined. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated high efficacy of GLIM + SITA in the treatment of T2DM patients, which can effectively improve the BG and OS of patients and reduce inflammation without increasing the incidence of adverse reactions. This should have high clinical application value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ping Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, PR China
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Yin K, Yang J, Wang F, Wang Z, Xiang P, Xie X, Sun J, He X, Zhang X. A preliminary study of the chemical composition and bioactivity of Bombax ceiba L. flower and its potential mechanism in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus using ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-time-flight mass spectrometry and network pharmacology analysis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1018733. [PMID: 36313078 PMCID: PMC9608341 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1018733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to preliminary investigate the phytochemistry, bioactivity, hypoglycemic potential, and mechanism of action of Bombax ceiba L. flower (BCF), a wild edible and food plant in China. By using methanol extraction and liquid-liquid extraction, the crude extract (CE) of BCF and its petroleum ether (PE), dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol (n-BuOH), and aqueous (AQ) fractions were obtained, and their chemical components and biological activities were evaluated. Further high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was carried out to identify and quantify the active constituents of BFC and its five fractions, and the phytochemical composition of the best-performing fraction was then analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-time-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS). Finally, a network pharmacology strategy based on the chemical profile of this fraction was applied to speculate its main hypoglycemic mechanism. Results revealed the excellent biological activities of BCF, especially the EtOAc fraction. In addition to the highest total flavonoid content (TFC) (367.72 μg RE/mg E) and total phenolics content (TPC) (47.97 μg GAE/mg E), EtOAc showed the strongest DPPH⋅ scavenging ability (IC50 value = 29.56 μg/mL), ABTS⋅+ scavenging ability (IC50 value = 84.60 μg/mL), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) (889.62 μg FeSO4/mg E), which were stronger than the positive control BHT. EtOAc also exhibited the second-best α-glucosidase inhibitory capacity and second-best acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory capacity with the IC50 values of 2.85 and 3.27 mg/mL, respectively. Also, EtOAc inhibited HepG2, MCF-7, Raw264.7, and A549 cell with IC50 values of 1.08, 1.62, 0.77, and 0.87 mg/mL, which were the second or third strongest in all fractions. Additionally, HPLC analysis revealed significant differences in the compounds’ abundance between different fractions. Among them, EtOAc had the most detected compounds and the highest content. According to the results of UPLC/Q-TOF-MS, 38 compounds were identified in EtOAc, including 24 phenolic acids and 6 flavonoids. Network pharmacological analysis further confirmed 41 potential targets of EtOAc in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, and intracellular receptor signaling pathways, unsaturated fatty acid, and DNA transcription pathways were the most possible mechanisms. These findings suggested that BCF was worthwhile to be developed as an antioxidant and anti-diabetic food/drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehong Yin
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Jinmei Yang
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhenxing Wang
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Ping Xiang
- Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Xing Xie
- National R&D Center for Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Health, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Storage-Processing Technology, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Xuemei He
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Storage-Processing Technology, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China,*Correspondence: Xuemei He,
| | - Xuechun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Storage-Processing Technology, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China,Xuechun Zhang,
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Utilizing Nutritional and Polyphenolic Compounds in Underutilized Plant Seeds for Health Application. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27206813. [PMID: 36296406 PMCID: PMC9612334 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants represent a significant part of the human diet. Humans have utilized every part of plants for survival, and seeds are no exception. Seeds offer high protein, unsaturated fats, fibre, essential vitamins, and minerals for various food applications. They are also a promising reservoir of bioactive compounds, where various phytochemicals, such as polyphenolic compounds, capable of maintaining and improving well-being, are present in abundant quantities. Plants from Malvaceae and Cannabaceae families are known for their fibre-rich stems that benefit humankind by serving numerous purposes. For many centuries they have been exploited extensively for various commercial and industrial uses. Their seeds, which are often regarded as a by-product of fibre processing, have been scientifically discovered to have an essential role in combating hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, cancer, and oxidative stress. Maximizing the use of these agricultural wastes can be a promising approach to creating a more sustainable world, in accordance with the concept of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
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Li M, Luo X, Ho CT, Li D, Guo H, Xie Z. A new strategy for grading of Lu’an guapian green tea by combination of differentiated metabolites and hypoglycaemia effect. Food Res Int 2022; 159:111639. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
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Li P, Bian Y, Li M, Li L, Zhao B, Ma Q, Song Y, Li J, Chen G. Widely Targeted Metabolomics Analysis of Soybean and Chickpea and Their Different Advantages and New Functional Compounds for Diabetes. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27165297. [PMID: 36014535 PMCID: PMC9413387 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Soybean is widely used as a kind of bean for daily consumption. Chickpea is increasingly utilised because of its good healthcare function. At present, using chickpeas could have better results than soybeans in some areas. Previous studies of the two legumes focused on certain components and failed to fully reveal the differences between the two legumes. Thus, understanding the comprehensive similarities and differences between the two legumes is necessary to apply and develop these legumes effectively. In this study, we performed a UPLC-ESI-MS/MS-based widely targeted metabolomics analysis on two legumes. A total of 776 metabolites (including primary metabolites and secondary metabolites) were detected, which were divided into more than a dozen broad categories. The differential analysis of these metabolites showed that there were 480 metabolites with significant differences in relative contents between the two legumes. Compared with soybean, the expression of 374 metabolites of chickpea was down-regulated and that of 106 metabolites was up-regulated. The metabolic pathway analysis showed significant differences in the flavonoids biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, linoleic acid metabolism and alkaloid biosynthesis between the two legumes. The advantages and applicability of the two kinds of legumes were confirmed through the analysis of anti-diabetic components. Moreover, some novel compounds (with contents higher than that of soybean) with hypoglycaemic activity were found in chickpea. This study provides an important reference for the in-depth study and comparative application of soybean and chickpea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengshou Li
- School of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Yumiao Bian
- School of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
| | - Mengdan Li
- School of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
| | - Lingmei Li
- School of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
| | - Baosheng Zhao
- Beijing Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qixiang Ma
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Cancer Hospital and Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yingchun Song
- School of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
| | - Jiuyi Li
- School of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
| | - Gangsheng Chen
- School of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
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Decoding the Mechanism of Shixiao Powder in Treating Coronary Heart Disease Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3756668. [PMID: 35845584 PMCID: PMC9279019 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3756668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Shixiao powder comes from the Formularies of the Bureau of People's Welfare Pharmacies in the Song Dynasty and consists of two herbs, Puhuang (PH) and Wulingzhi (WLZ). PH-WLZ is a commonly used drug pair for the treatment of coronary heart disease (CHD), and its clinical effect is remarkable. However, our understanding of the mechanism of treatment of CHD is still unclear. In this study, the method of network pharmacology was used to explore the mechanism of PH-WLZ in the treatment of CHD. A total of 56 active ingredients were identified from PH-WLZ, of which 93 targets of 41 active ingredients overlapped with those of CHD. By performing Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, we obtained the main pathways associated with CHD and those associated with the mechanism of PH-WLZ in the treatment of CHD. By constructing the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of common targets, 10 hub genes were identified. Based on the number of hub genes contained in the enrichment analysis, we obtained the key pathways of PH-WLZ in the treatment of CHD. The key KEGG pathway in the treatment of CHD by PH-WLZ is mainly enriched in atherosclerosis, inflammation, immunity, oxidative stress, and infection-related pathways. Moreover, the results of molecular docking showed that the active ingredients of PH-WLZ had a good affinity with the hub genes. The results indicate that the mechanism of PH-WLZ in the treatment of CHD may be related to regulation of lipid metabolism, regulation of immune and inflammatory responses, regulation of downstream genes of fluid shear stress, antiaging and oxidative stress, and virus inhibition.
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35
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Wen L, Tang L, Zhang M, Wang C, Li S, Wen Y, Tu H, Tian H, Wei J, Liang P, Yang C, Li G, Gao Y. Gallic Acid Alleviates Visceral Pain and Depression via Inhibition of P2X7 Receptor. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116159. [PMID: 35682841 PMCID: PMC9181225 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic visceral pain can occur in many disorders, the most common of which is irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Moreover, depression is a frequent comorbidity of chronic visceral pain. The P2X7 receptor is crucial in inflammatory processes and is closely connected to developing pain and depression. Gallic acid, a phenolic acid that can be extracted from traditional Chinese medicine, has been demonstrated to be anti-inflammatory and anti-depressive. In this study, we investigated whether gallic acid could alleviate comorbid visceral pain and depression by reducing the expression of the P2X7 receptor. To this end, the pain thresholds of rats with comorbid visceral pain and depression were gauged using the abdominal withdraw reflex score, whereas the depression level of each rat was quantified using the sucrose preference test, the forced swimming test, and the open field test. The expressions of the P2X7 receptor in the hippocampus, spinal cord, and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) were assessed by Western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR. Furthermore, the distributions of the P2X7 receptor and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the hippocampus and DRG were investigated in immunofluorescent experiments. The expressions of p-ERK1/2 and ERK1/2 were determined using Western blotting. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was utilized to measure the concentrations of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-10 in the serum. Our results demonstrate that gallic acid was able to alleviate both pain and depression in the rats under study. Gallic acid also reduced the expressions of the P2X7 receptor and p-ERK1/2 in the hippocampi, spinal cords, and DRGs of these rats. Moreover, gallic acid treatment decreased the serum concentrations of IL-1β and TNF-α, while raising IL-10 levels in these rats. Thus, gallic acid may be an effective novel candidate for the treatment of comorbid visceral pain and depression by inhibiting the expressions of the P2X7 receptor in the hippocampus, spinal cord, and DRG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lequan Wen
- Joint Program of Nanchang University and Queen Mary University of London, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang 330006, China; (L.W.); (L.T.); (H.T.); (C.Y.)
| | - Lirui Tang
- Joint Program of Nanchang University and Queen Mary University of London, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang 330006, China; (L.W.); (L.T.); (H.T.); (C.Y.)
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang 330006, China; (M.Z.); (Y.W.); (G.L.)
| | - Congrui Wang
- Second Clinic Medical College, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang 330006, China; (C.W.); (S.L.); (P.L.)
| | - Shujuan Li
- Second Clinic Medical College, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang 330006, China; (C.W.); (S.L.); (P.L.)
| | - Yuqing Wen
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang 330006, China; (M.Z.); (Y.W.); (G.L.)
| | - Hongcheng Tu
- Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang 330006, China; (H.T.); (J.W.)
| | - Haokun Tian
- Joint Program of Nanchang University and Queen Mary University of London, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang 330006, China; (L.W.); (L.T.); (H.T.); (C.Y.)
| | - Jingyi Wei
- Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang 330006, China; (H.T.); (J.W.)
| | - Peiwen Liang
- Second Clinic Medical College, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang 330006, China; (C.W.); (S.L.); (P.L.)
| | - Changsen Yang
- Joint Program of Nanchang University and Queen Mary University of London, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang 330006, China; (L.W.); (L.T.); (H.T.); (C.Y.)
| | - Guodong Li
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang 330006, China; (M.Z.); (Y.W.); (G.L.)
| | - Yun Gao
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang 330006, China; (M.Z.); (Y.W.); (G.L.)
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, 461 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang 330006, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-791-86360586
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Payne A, Nahashon S, Taka E, Adinew GM, Soliman KFA. Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG): New Therapeutic Perspectives for Neuroprotection, Aging, and Neuroinflammation for the Modern Age. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030371. [PMID: 35327563 PMCID: PMC8945730 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases are the two most common forms of neurodegenerative diseases. The exact etiology of these disorders is not well known; however, environmental, molecular, and genetic influences play a major role in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Using Alzheimer’s disease (AD) as the archetype, the pathological findings include the aggregation of Amyloid Beta (Aβ) peptides, mitochondrial dysfunction, synaptic degradation caused by inflammation, elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS), and cerebrovascular dysregulation. This review highlights the neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective role of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG): the medicinal component of green tea, a known nutraceutical that has shown promise in modulating AD progression due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging abilities. This report also re-examines the current literature and provides innovative approaches for EGCG to be used as a preventive measure to alleviate AD and other neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Payne
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (A.P.); (E.T.); (G.M.A.)
| | - Samuel Nahashon
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA;
| | - Equar Taka
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (A.P.); (E.T.); (G.M.A.)
| | - Getinet M. Adinew
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (A.P.); (E.T.); (G.M.A.)
| | - Karam F. A. Soliman
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (A.P.); (E.T.); (G.M.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1850-322-8788
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