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Giudice E, Salutari V, Sassu CM, Ghizzoni V, Carbone MV, Vertechy L, Fagotti A, Scambia G, Marchetti C. Relacorilant in recurrent ovarian cancer: clinical evidence and future perspectives. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38861580 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2024.2362178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Relacorilant (CORT125134, Corcept Therapeutics) is a selective glucocorticoid receptor modulator, which reverses the glucocorticoid-mediated anti-apoptotic effects and restores the taxane chemosensitivity in epithelial ovarian cancer cells. Given those preclinical findings, relacorilant is currently under investigation in clinical trials in combination with nab-paclitaxel for the platinum-resistant ovarian cancer setting. AREAS COVERED Already published preclinical and clinical evidence of relacorilant antitumor activity was analyzed and discussed. Ongoing clinical trials registered on clincaltrials.gov were also reported. The review aimed to summarize the status of relacorilant, the mechanism of action, the published and ongoing trials, and its safety and efficacy. EXPERT OPINION Relacorilant combined with nab-paclitaxel, may represent a promising strategy for the treatment of platinum-resistant ovarian cancer patients. After preliminary positive results in terms of clinical efficacy, a randomized phase III trial is ongoing to confirm the findings from the published phase II study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Giudice
- Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Vanda Salutari
- Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Carolina Maria Sassu
- Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Viola Ghizzoni
- Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Vittoria Carbone
- Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Vertechy
- Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Fagotti
- Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Marchetti
- Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Liu T, Gao Y, Li S, Xu S. Exploration and prognostic analysis of two types of high-risk ovarian cancers: clear cell vs. serous carcinoma: a population-based study. J Ovarian Res 2024; 17:119. [PMID: 38824600 PMCID: PMC11143660 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-024-01435-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is a rare pathological histotype in ovarian cancer, while the survival rate of advanced OCCC (Stage III-IV) is substantially lower than that of the advanced serous ovarian cancer (OSC), which is the most common histotype. The goal of this study was to identify high-risk OCCC by comparing OSC and OCCC, with investigating potential risk and prognosis markers. METHODS Patients diagnosed with ovarian cancer from 2009 to 2018 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program. Logistic and Cox regression models were used to identify risk and prognostic factors in high-risk OCCC patients. Cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves. Furthermore, Cox analysis was employed to build a nomogram model. The performance evaluation results were displayed using the C-index, calibration plots, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Immunohistochemically approach was used to identify the expression of the novel target (GPC3). RESULTS In the Cox analysis for advanced OCCC, age (45-65 years), tumor numbers (total number of in situ/malignant tumors for patient), T3-stage, bilateral tumors, and liver metastases could be defined as prognostic variables. Nomogram showed good predictive power and clinical practicality. Compared with OSC, liver metastases had a stronger impact on the prognosis of patients with OCCC. T3-stage, positive distant lymph nodes metastases, and lung metastases were risk factors for developing liver metastases. Chemotherapy was an independent prognostic factor for patient with advanced OCCC, but had no effect on CSS in patients with liver metastases (p = 0.0656), while surgery was significantly related with better CSS in these patients (p < 0.0001) (p = 0.0041). GPC3 expression was detected in all tissue sections, and GPC3 staining was predominantly found in the cytoplasm and membranes. CONCLUSION Advanced OCCC and OCCC with liver metastases are two types of high-risk OCCC. The constructed nomogram exhibited a satisfactory survival prediction for patients with advanced OCCC. GPC3 immunohistochemistry is expected to accumulate preclinical evidence to support the inclusion of GPC3 in OCCC targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingwei Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueqing Gao
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuangdi Li
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shaohua Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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Yang B, Dai M. High-dimensional deconstruction of ovarian cancer at single-cell precision reveals HEBP2 that reshape the TIME and drive carboplatin resistance. Transl Oncol 2024; 44:101917. [PMID: 38554571 PMCID: PMC10998197 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.101917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single-cell sequencing was employed to analyze the tumor immune microenvironment in ovarian cancer (OC) patients, exploring the evolutionary roles of various macrophage subgroups in OC progression and their correlation with fatty acid metabolism-related genes in contributing to drug resistance. METHODS This study aimed to decipher the mechanisms underlying OC chemoresistance (OC-CR) and carboplatin resistance by integrating and analyzing multiple single-cell RNA sequencing datasets from OC patients. The tumor immune microenvironment in OC-CR patients exhibited notable alterations in cellular interactions and the proportions of different immune cell populations, in contrast to the cohort sensitive to OC chemotherapy. RESULTS The study demonstrates that the fatty acid-associated gene HEBP2 not only accelerates OC progression but also modifies the immune landscape of OC, driving the polarization from M0_TAM to M2_TAM. This shift results in a diminished efficacy of chemotherapy in OC. Furthermore, both in vitro and in vivo experiments underscored HEBP2's role in boosting the proliferation of OC-resistant cell lines and suppressing apoptosis, thereby facilitating carboplatin resistance. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the immune microenvironments of OC-CR significantly differ from those sensitive to chemotherapy, underscoring HEBP2's role in fostering OC resistance. This establishes HEBP2 as a promising prognostic marker and a novel target for therapeutic strategies against OC resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- BiKang Yang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Miao Dai
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, PR China.
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Bae S, Bae S, Kim HS, Lim YJ, Kim G, Park IC, So KA, Kim TJ, Lee JH. Deguelin Restores Paclitaxel Sensitivity in Paclitaxel-Resistant Ovarian Cancer Cells via Inhibition of the EGFR Signaling Pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2024; 16:507-525. [PMID: 38827785 PMCID: PMC11144006 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s457221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer is one of women's malignancies with the highest mortality among gynecological cancers. Paclitaxel is used in first-line ovarian cancer chemotherapy. Research on paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer holds significant clinical importance. Methods Cell viability and flow cytometric assays were conducted at different time and concentration points of deguelin and paclitaxel treatment. Immunoblotting was performed to assess the activation status of key signaling molecules important for cell survival and proliferation following treatment with deguelin and paclitaxel. The fluo-3 acetoxymethyl assay for P-glycoprotein transport activity assay and cell viability assay in the presence of N-acetyl-L-cysteine were also conducted. Results Cell viability and flow cytometric assays demonstrated that deguelin resensitized paclitaxel in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Cotreatment with deguelin and paclitaxel inhibited EGFR and its downstream signaling molecules, including AKT, ERK, STAT3, and p38 MAPK, in SKOV3-TR cells. Interestingly, cotreatment with deguelin and paclitaxel suppressed the expression level of EGFR via the lysosomal degradation pathway. Cotreatment did not affect the expression and function of P-glycoprotein. N-acetyl-L-cysteine failed to restore cell cytotoxicity when used in combination with deguelin and paclitaxel in SKOV3-TR cells. The expression of BCL-2, MCL-1, and the phosphorylation of the S155 residue of BAD were downregulated. Moreover, inhibition of paclitaxel resistance by deguelin was also observed in HeyA8-MDR cells. Conclusion Our research showed that deguelin effectively suppresses paclitaxel resistance in SKOV3-TR ovarian cancer cells by downregulating the EGFR and its downstream signaling pathway and modulating the BCL-2 family proteins. Furthermore, deguelin exhibits inhibitory effects on paclitaxel resistance in HeyA8-MDR ovarian cancer cells, suggesting a potential mechanism for paclitaxel resensitization that may not be cell-specific. These findings suggest that deguelin holds promise as an anticancer therapeutic agent for overcoming chemoresistance in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghee Bae
- Department of Cosmetics Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sowon Bae
- Department of Cosmetics Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Su Kim
- Department of Cosmetics Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Jin Lim
- Department of Cosmetics Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeongmi Kim
- Division of Fusion Radiology Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Chul Park
- Division of Fusion Radiology Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong A So
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, 05030, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Jin Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, 05030, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Lee
- Department of Cosmetics Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
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Kim DY, Yun H, You JE, Lee JU, Kang DH, Ryu YS, Koh DI, Jin DH. Inactivation of VRK1 sensitizes ovarian cancer to PARP inhibition through regulating DNA-PK stability. Exp Cell Res 2024; 438:114036. [PMID: 38614421 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of gynecologic cancer death. Among the most innovative anti-cancer approaches, the genetic concept of synthetic lethality is that mutations in multiple genes work synergistically to effect cell death. Previous studies found that although vaccinia-related kinase-1 (VRK1) associates with DNA damage repair proteins, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we found high VRK1 expression in ovarian tumors, and that VRK1 depletion can significantly promote apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. The effect of VRK1 knockdown on apoptosis was manifested by increased DNA damage, genomic instability, and apoptosis, and also blocked non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) by destabilizing DNA-PK. Further, we verified that VRK1 depletion enhanced sensitivity to a PARP inhibitor (PARPi), olaparib, promoting apoptosis through DNA damage, especially in ovarian cancer cell lines with high VRK1 expression. Proteins implicated in DNA damage responses are suitable targets for the development of new anti-cancer therapeutic strategies, and their combination could represent an alternative form of synthetic lethality. Therefore, normal protective DNA damage responses are impaired by combining olaparib with elimination of VRK1 and could be used to reduce drug dose and its associated toxicity. In summary, VRK1 represents both a potential biomarker for PARPi sensitivity, and a new DDR-associated therapeutic target, in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Yeon Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeseon Yun
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun You
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-U Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hee Kang
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Seong Ryu
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-In Koh
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hoon Jin
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.
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Lai SP, Wang SY, Chan AL, Leung JH, Yip HT. Cost-effectiveness and drug wastage of bevacizumab biosimilar with or without chemotherapy for platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 2024; 24:541-549. [PMID: 38372034 DOI: 10.1080/14737167.2024.2319605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The cost-effectiveness of adding bevacizumab biosimilar with or without chemotherapy (CT) and drug wastage in treating platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer (PRrOC) was assessed. METHODS A three-state partitioned-survival model to compare the clinical and economic outcomes in the treatment of patients with PRrOC from a Taiwan healthcare prospective, extrapolated to two years based on data obtained from the JGOG3023 clinical trial. The primary outcomes of the model were incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). RESULTS In the base-case scenario, using vials of bevacizumab biosimilar (Bevbiol) plus chemotherapy, the ICER was (new Taiwan dollar) NT$ 4,555,878 per QALY gained. The incremental cost savings of an incremental 2.02 QALYs were NT$ 1,605,828 if weight-based Bevbiol plus chemotherapy were used, but the ICER remained high at the willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold. If the cost of Bevbiol were reduced to 50% per vial, adding it to CT would be cost-effective at an acceptable WTP threshold of NTD 2,994,200, with an ICER of NT$ 2,975,484. CONCLUSIONS Bevacizumab biosimilars in mg/kg dosage form with chemotherapy are still not cost-effective in Taiwan, but using weight-based dosing will reduce drug waste and save treatment costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih Ping Lai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Yau Wang
- Department of Radiology, An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Agnes Lf Chan
- Department of Pharmacy, An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - John Hang Leung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Hei-Tung Yip
- Management Office for Health Data, Clinical Trial Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Uekusa R, Yokoi A, Watanabe E, Yoshida K, Yoshihara M, Tamauchi S, Shimizu Y, Ikeda Y, Yoshikawa N, Niimi K, Suzuki S, Kajiyama H. Real-world data of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor response in Japanese patients with ovarian cancer. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7149. [PMID: 38572951 PMCID: PMC10993710 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have been increasingly used in the treatment of ovarian cancer, with BRCA positivity and homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) being common biomarkers used for predicting their efficacy. However, given the limitations of these biomarkers, new ones need to be explored. METHODS This retrospective study included 181 ovarian cancer patients who received olaparib or niraparib at two independent hospitals in Japan between May 2018 and December 2022. Clinical information and blood sampling data were collected. Patient characteristics, treatment history, and predictability of treatment duration based on blood data before treatment initiation were examined. RESULTS High-grade serous carcinoma, BRCA positivity, HRD, and maintenance therapy after recurrence treatment were observed more frequently in the olaparib group than in the niraparib group. The most common reasons for treatment interruption were anemia, fatigue, and nausea in the olaparib group and thrombocytopenia in the niraparib group. Regarding response to olaparib treatment, complete response to the most recent treatment, maintenance therapy after the first chemotherapy, high-grade serous carcinoma, and germline BRCA positivity were observed significantly more frequently among responders than among non-responders. Furthermore, neutrophil counts were significantly higher among responders than among non-responders. CONCLUSIONS Inflammation-related blood data, such as neutrophil count, obtained at the initial pre-treatment visit might serve as potential predictors for prolonged olaparib treatment. While this study offers valuable insights into potential indicators for prolonged olaparib treatment, it underscores the need for more expansive research to strengthen our understanding of PARP inhibitors and optimize treatment strategies in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Uekusa
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Akira Yokoi
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
- Institute for Advanced ResearchNagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | - Eri Watanabe
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyAichi Cancer Center HospitalNagoyaJapan
| | - Kosuke Yoshida
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
- Institute for Advanced ResearchNagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | - Masato Yoshihara
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Satoshi Tamauchi
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Yusuke Shimizu
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Yoshiki Ikeda
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Nobuhisa Yoshikawa
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Kaoru Niimi
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Shiro Suzuki
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyAichi Cancer Center HospitalNagoyaJapan
| | - Hiroaki Kajiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
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Arcieri M, Tius V, Andreetta C, Restaino S, Biasioli A, Poletto E, Damante G, Ercoli A, Driul L, Fagotti A, Lorusso D, Scambia G, Vizzielli G. How BRCA and homologous recombination deficiency change therapeutic strategies in ovarian cancer: a review of literature. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1335196. [PMID: 38525421 PMCID: PMC10957789 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1335196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
About 50% of High Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer exhibit a high degree of genomic instability due to mutation of genes involved in Homologous Recombination (HRD) and such defect accounts for synthetic lethality mechanism of PARP inhibitors (PARP-i). Several clinical trials have shown how BRCA and HRD mutational status profoundly affect first line chemotherapy as well as response to maintenance therapy with PARP-i, hence Progression Free Survival and Overall Survival. Consequently, there is urgent need for the development of increasingly reliable HRD tests, overcoming present limitations, as they play a key role in the diagnostic and therapeutic process as well as have a prognostic and predictive value. In this review we offer an overview of the state of the art regarding the actual knowledge about BRCA and HRD mutational status, the rationale of PARPi use and HRD testing (current and in development assays) and their implications in clinical practice and in the treatment decision process, in order to optimize and choose the best tailored therapy in patients with ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Arcieri
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “S. Maria della Misericordia” University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Science, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Veronica Tius
- Medical Area Department (DAME), in Department of Medicine (DMED), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Claudia Andreetta
- Department of Medical Oncology, “S. Maria della Misericordia” University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Stefano Restaino
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “S. Maria della Misericordia” University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Anna Biasioli
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “S. Maria della Misericordia” University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Elena Poletto
- Department of Medical Oncology, “S. Maria della Misericordia” University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Damante
- Medical Area Department (DAME), in Department of Medicine (DMED), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Medical Genetics Institute, “S. Maria della Misericordia” University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Alfredo Ercoli
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Childhood “G. Barresi”, Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Lorenza Driul
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “S. Maria della Misericordia” University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
- Medical Area Department (DAME), in Department of Medicine (DMED), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Anna Fagotti
- Dipartimento per le Scienze Della Salute Della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, UOC Ginecologia Oncologica, in Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenica Lorusso
- Dipartimento per le Scienze Della Salute Della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, UOC Ginecologia Oncologica, in Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Dipartimento per le Scienze Della Salute Della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, UOC Ginecologia Oncologica, in Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vizzielli
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “S. Maria della Misericordia” University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
- Medical Area Department (DAME), in Department of Medicine (DMED), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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Tian BQ, Wang SW, Xu JY, Wu SG, Zhou J. Trends in survival of ovarian clear cell carcinoma patients from 2000 to 2015. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1360663. [PMID: 38515571 PMCID: PMC10956514 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1360663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To analyze changes in survival outcomes in patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) treated consecutively over a 16-year period using a population-based cohort. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of OCCC from 2000 to 2015 using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program. The ovarian cancer-specific survival (OCSS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed according to the year of diagnosis. Joinpoint Regression Program, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used for statistical analysis. Results We included 4257 patients in the analysis. The analysis of annual percentage change in OCSS (P=0.014) and OS (P=0.006) showed that patients diagnosed in later years had significantly better outcomes compared to those diagnosed in early years. The results of the multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that the year of diagnosis was the independent prognostic factor associated with OCSS (P=0.004) and had a borderline effect on OS (P=0.060). Regarding the SEER staging, the OCSS (P=0.017) and OS (P=0.004) of patients with distant stage showed a significant trend toward increased, while no significant trends were found in the survival of patients with localized or regional stage diseases. Similar trends were found in those aged <65 years or those treated with surgery and chemotherapy. However, no statistically significant changes in the survival rate were found in those aged ≥65 years or those receiving surgery alone regardless of SEER stage during the study period. Conclusions Our study observed a significant increase in the survival outcomes in OCCC from 2000 to 2015, and patients aged <65 years and those with distant stage experienced a greater improvement in survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shu-Wen Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jing-Ying Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - San-Gang Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Xiamen Cancer Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Juan Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Yue L, Gong T, Jiang W, Qian L, Gong W, Sun Y, Cai X, Xu H, Liu F, Wang H, Li S, Zhu Y, Zheng Z, Wu Q, Guo T. Proteomic profiling of ovarian clear cell carcinomas identifies prognostic biomarkers for chemotherapy. Proteomics 2024; 24:e2300242. [PMID: 38171885 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202300242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Clear cell ovarian carcinoma (CCOC) is a relatively rare subtype of ovarian cancer (OC) with high degree of resistance to standard chemotherapy. Little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms, and it remains a challenge to predict its prognosis after chemotherapy. Here, we first analyzed the proteome of 35 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) CCOC tissue specimens from a cohort of 32 patients with CCOC (H1 cohort) and characterized 8697 proteins using data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA-MS). We then performed proteomic analysis of 28 fresh frozen (FF) CCOC tissue specimens from an independent cohort of 24 patients with CCOC (H2 cohort), leading to the identification of 9409 proteins with DIA-MS. After bioinformatics analysis, we narrowed our focus to 15 proteins significantly correlated with the recurrence free survival (RFS) in both cohorts. These proteins are mainly involved in DNA damage response, extracellular matrix (ECM), and mitochondrial metabolism. Parallel reaction monitoring (PRM)-MS was adopted to validate the prognostic potential of the 15 proteins in the H1 cohort and an independent confirmation cohort (H3 cohort). Interferon-inducible transmembrane protein 1 (IFITM1) was observed as a robust prognostic marker for CCOC in both PRM data and immunohistochemistry (IHC) data. Taken together, this study presents a CCOC proteomic data resource and a single promising protein, IFITM1, which could potentially predict the recurrence and survival of CCOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yue
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tingting Gong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University
| | - Wenhao Jiang
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liujia Qian
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wangang Gong
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaoting Sun
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xue Cai
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Heli Xu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Fanghua Liu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - He Wang
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sainan Li
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiguo Zheng
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qijun Wu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Tiannan Guo
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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11
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Liu QW, Yang ZW, Tang QH, Wang WE, Chu DS, Ji JF, Fan QY, Jiang H, Yang QX, Zhang H, Liu XY, Xu XS, Wang XF, Liu JB, Fu D, Tao K, Yu H. The power and the promise of synthetic lethality for clinical application in cancer treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116288. [PMID: 38377739 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Synthetic lethality is a phenomenon wherein the simultaneous deficiency of two or more genes results in cell death, while the deficiency of any individual gene does not lead to cell death. In recent years, synthetic lethality has emerged as a significant topic in the field of targeted cancer therapy, with certain drugs based on this concept exhibiting promising outcomes in clinical trials. Nevertheless, the presence of tumor heterogeneity and the intricate DNA repair mechanisms pose challenges to the effective implementation of synthetic lethality. This review aims to explore the concepts, development, and ethical quandaries surrounding synthetic lethality. Additionally, it will provide an in-depth analysis of the clinical application and underlying mechanism of synthetic lethality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Wen Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province 225300, China; General Surgery, Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhi-Wen Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, East China Normal University, Shanghai, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Qing-Hai Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Biological Resources in the Nanyue Mountainous Region and College of Life Sciences, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421008, China
| | - Wen-Er Wang
- General Surgery, the Fourth Hospital Of Changsha, Changsha Hospital Of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410006, China
| | - Da-Sheng Chu
- Second Cadre Rest Medical and Health Center of Changning District, Shanghai Garrison, Shanghai226631, China
| | - Jin-Feng Ji
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Internal Medicine, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226631, China
| | - Qi-Yu Fan
- Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226631, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the 905th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Qin-Xin Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province 225300, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226631, China
| | - Xin-Yun Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province 225300, China
| | - Xiao-Sheng Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Xiao-Feng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiamen Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, Fujian Province 361015, China.
| | - Ji-Bin Liu
- Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226631, China.
| | - Da Fu
- General Surgery, Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Kun Tao
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China.
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province 225300, China; Department of Pathology, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province 225300, China.
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12
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Ghose A, McCann L, Makker S, Mukherjee U, Gullapalli SVN, Erekkath J, Shih S, Mahajan I, Sanchez E, Uccello M, Moschetta M, Adeleke S, Boussios S. Diagnostic biomarkers in ovarian cancer: advances beyond CA125 and HE4. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2024; 16:17588359241233225. [PMID: 38435431 PMCID: PMC10908239 DOI: 10.1177/17588359241233225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal gynaecologic malignancy, attributed to its insidious growth, non-specific symptoms and late presentation. Unfortunately, current screening modalities are inadequate at detecting OC and many lack the appropriate specificity and sensitivity that is desired from a screening test. Nearly 70% of cases are diagnosed at stage III or IV with poor 5-year overall survival. Therefore, the development of a sensitive and specific biomarker for early diagnosis and screening for OC is of utmost importance. Currently, diagnosis is guided by CA125, the patient's menopausal status and imaging features on ultrasound scan. However, emerging evidence suggests that a combination of CA125 and HE4 (another serum biomarker) and patient characteristics in a multivariate index assay may provide a higher specificity and sensitivity than either CA125 and HE4 alone in the early detection of OC. Other attempts at combining various serum biomarkers into one multivariate index assay such as OVA1, ROMA and Overa have all shown promise. However, significant barriers exist before these biomarkers can be implemented in clinical practice. This article aims to provide an up-to-date review of potential biomarkers for screening and early diagnosis of OC which may have the potential to transform its diagnostic landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aruni Ghose
- Department of Medical Oncology, Barts Cancer Centre, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
- Department of General Medicine, Newham University Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Gillingham, UK
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, East and North Hertfordshire NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Lucy McCann
- Department of General Medicine, Newham University Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Shania Makker
- Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Uma Mukherjee
- Department of Medical Oncology, Barts Cancer Centre, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
- University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Jayaraj Erekkath
- Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Ireland Cancer Centre, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK
| | - Stephanie Shih
- Department of General Medicine, Newham University Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Ishika Mahajan
- Department of Acute Medicine, Lincoln County Hospital, United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Lincoln, Lincolnshire, UK
- Department of Medical Oncology, Apollo Cancer Centre, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Elisabet Sanchez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Gillingham, UK
| | - Mario Uccello
- Department of Medical Oncology, Southampton General Hospital, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Sola Adeleke
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Cancer Centre at Guy’s, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Stergios Boussios
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Gillingham, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
- Kent and Medway Medical School, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
- AELIA Organization, Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece
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13
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Xiong J, Lian W, Zhao R, Gao K. METTL3/ MALAT1/ELAVL1 Axis Promotes Tumor Growth in Ovarian Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2024; 17:85-97. [PMID: 38348427 PMCID: PMC10860502 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s431810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Studies increasingly recognize the role of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification in cancer occurrence and development. METTL3 is a core catalytic subunit of m6A-modified methyltransferases complex, but its regulatory mechanism in ovarian cancer (OC) is not clear. Methods In this study, GEPIA 2.0 database was applied for expression analysis, survival analysis and correlation analysis for OC. Additionally, in vitro and in vivo assays were conducted to explore regulatory mechanisms of METTL3 in OC. Results We found that METTL3 and MALAT1 were significantly overexpressed in OC tissues and cells compared to normal ovarian tissues and cells. The proliferation rate of OC cells was reduced significantly after knocking down the expression of METTL3 or MALAT1. Subsequently, MALAT1 as oncogene was found to interact with METTL3 and was upregulated in OC tissues and cells. Silencing MALAT1 inhibited OC cell proliferation. Further studies indicated that METTL3 enhanced the stability of MALAT1 by promoting the m6A modification of MALAT1 and that ELAVL1 as a downstream binding protein significantly up-regulated MALAT1 expression. Conclusion In conclusion, METTL3 was a carcinogenic molecule that promoted the occurrence of OC. The potential mechanism of the carcinogenic effect of METTL3 was realized by enhancing the m6A modification of MALAT1 mRNA through RNA binding protein ELAVL1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xiong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenqin Lian
- Department of Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kefei Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Chen J, Zhang M, Li K, Duan Y, Zeng J, Li Q, Wang D, Song L, Li Q, Yin R. PARP inhibitor maintenance treatment for newly diagnosed ovarian cancer patients: a real-world study from China. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1336616. [PMID: 38371630 PMCID: PMC10870420 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1336616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study evaluated the efficacy and safety in a real-world population of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) treated with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) as first-line maintenance therapy in the largest gynecologic oncology center in Western China. Methods This study included patients newly diagnosed EOC who received PARPi as first-line maintenance therapy in West China Second University Hospital from August 1, 2018 to September 31, 2022. The primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and safety evaluated by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Version 5.0(CTCAE 5.0). The secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and prognostic factors influencing the PFS of patients in real world. Results Among the eligible 164 patients, 104 patients received olaparib and 60 patients received niraparib. 100 patients (61.0%) had mutations in breast cancer susceptibility gene (BRCA). 87 patients (53.0%) received primary debulking surgery (PDS) while 77 patients (47.0%) received interval debulking surgery (IDS). 94 patients (94/164, 57.3%) achieved R0 and 39 patients (23.8%) achieved R1 after PDS/IDS. 112 (68.3%) achieved complete response (CR) after first-line chemotherapy, while 49 (29.9%) achieved partial response (PR). The median follow-up time was 17.0 months (95% CI 15.6-18.4), and the median PFS has not been reached yet. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that BRCA mutations and CR/PR after platinum-based chemotherapy were independent factors associated with prolonged PFS. Hematologic toxicity was the most common grade≥3 AE. There were no incidence of myelodysplastic syndromes/acute myelogenous leukemia (MDS/AML). Conclusion Focusing on PARPi as first-line maintenance therapy for patients with EOC, this study represented the largest single-center real-world study in China to date. Two independent factors were identified to prolong the PFS of patients: BRCA mutated type and CR/PR after primary treatment, which should be further confirmed with long-term follow-up and large sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghong Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mengpei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kemin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanqiong Duan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qingli Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Danqing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liang Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qintong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rutie Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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15
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Takamizawa S, Kojima J, Umezu T, Kuroda M, Hayashi S, Maruta T, Okamoto A, Nishi H. miR‑146a‑5p and miR‑191‑5p as novel diagnostic marker candidates for ovarian clear cell carcinoma. Mol Clin Oncol 2024; 20:14. [PMID: 38264014 PMCID: PMC10804375 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2023.2712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a malignant gynecologic disease rarely diagnosed in the early stages. Among the various types of ovarian cancer, clear cell carcinoma has a poor prognosis due to its malignant potential. MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) regulate gene expression in cells by suppressing the translation of target genes or by degrading the target mRNA. miRNAs are also secreted from the cells in the blood, binding to proteins or lipids and assisting in cell-cell communication. Therefore, serum miRNAs may be considered potential diagnostic biomarkers for ovarian cancer. The present study investigated and identified specific miRNAs associated with ovarian clear cell carcinoma and compared them to those in ovarian endometrioma samples and healthy controls. CA125, an ovarian tumor marker, did not differ between patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma, endometriosis or healthy controls. Subsequently, four miRNAs (miR-146a-5p, miR-191-5p, miR-484 and miR-574-3p) were analyzed. The expression levels of miR-146a-5p and miR-191-5p were significantly increased in the serum samples from patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma compared with those in the healthy controls, but there was no significant difference compared with in patients with endometriosis. Furthermore, the bioinformatics analysis showed that CCND2 and NOTCH2 were the candidate target genes of miR-146a-5p and miR-191-5p. In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated that miR-146a-5p and miR-191-5p may be useful as early and non-invasive diagnostic tools in ovarian clear cell carcinoma. These miRNAs can help in distinguishing between ovarian clear cell carcinoma and ovarian endometrioma. To the best of our knowledge, no previous studies have screened any candidates specifically for ovarian clear cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeatsu Takamizawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Junya Kojima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Umezu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kuroda
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Hayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Takenori Maruta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Aikou Okamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Nishi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
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16
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Li Y, Gan X, Li F, Hu L. The Putative Effects of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy on the Immune System of Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma. Immunol Invest 2024; 53:91-114. [PMID: 37987679 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2023.2284885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) is one of leading causes of cancer-related mortality in females. For some patients, complete resection cannot be achieved, thus neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) following interval debulking surgery (IDS) could be an alternative choice. In general-held belief, cytotoxic chemotherapy is assumed to be immunosuppressive, because of its toxicity to dividing cells in the bone marrow and peripheral lymphoid tissues. However, increasing evidence highlighted that the anticancer activity of chemotherapy may also be related to its ability to act as an immune modulator. NACT not only changed the morphology of cancer cells, but also changed the transcriptomic and genomic profile of EOC, induced proliferation of cancer stem-like cells, gene mutation, and tumor-related adaptive immune response. This review will provide a comprehensive overview of recent studies evaluating the impact of NACT on cancer cells and immune system of advanced EOC and their relationship to clinical outcome. This information could help us understand the change of immune system during NACT, which might provide new strategies in future investigation of immuno-therapy for maintenance treatment of EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yongchuan District, Chongqing, PR China
- Department of Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Nanan District, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xiaoling Gan
- Department of Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Nanan District, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yongchuan District, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Lina Hu
- Department of Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Nanan District, Chongqing, PR China
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17
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Tan Y, Song Q. Bibliometric analysis of research trends on the combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and PARP inhibitors in solid tumors. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24452. [PMID: 38293546 PMCID: PMC10826821 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has made significant achievements in the therapeutics of various tumor types, and recently growing evidence from preclinical studies and clinical trials has indicated that poly-ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) are exhibiting encouraging synergism with ICIs. The aim of our current study is to explore the development pattern of literature related to the combined therapy of ICIs and PARPi in solid tumors from a bibliometric perspective. Methods Publications concerning the combination of ICIs and PARPi in solid tumors during 2008-2022 were extracted from the WOSCC database. VOSviewer and R-bibliometrix were applied to conduct bibliometrics. Results In total, 1113 articles were finally included. The USA was the most dominant country, and University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center was the most fruitful institute. Andreas Schneeweiss ranked first concerning the amount of publications in this research domain, and Timothy Yap had the most citations on this theme. The analysis of keyword co-occurrence indicated that research frontiers were shifted from the biological mechanisms of cell death to the combined strategy of ICIs and PARPi in clinical trials. Conclusions Our study comprehensively examined the publications on the combination of ICIs and PARPi in solid tumors from a bibliometric perspective. The research on this topic is in its rapid growth stage, and the USA is possessing an absolutely leading position in this field by its scientific accumulations and productivity. Moreover, the research frontiers have shifted from the mechanisms of ICIs and PARPi to their combined treatment in clinical application. In summary, our results demonstrated a comprehensive overview of the knowledge atlas and a valuable reference for the future investigations in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqian Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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18
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Mustafa MT, Abushanab AK, Mousa MT, Qawaqzeh RA, Alakhras HM, Othman AS, Sa'ed A. Safety and efficacy of Rucaparib in the treatment of ovarian cancer and patients with BRCA mutation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of phase III randomized clinical trials. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2024; 24:71-79. [PMID: 38252024 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2024.2309177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Rucaparib, a PARP inhibitor (PARPi), in patients with ovarian cancer and BRCA mutation. METHODS Online databases were comprehensively searched for all phase III Randomized trials that used Rucaparib therapy for ovarian cancer patients and patients having BRCA mutation. Efficacy results are progression-free survival and overall response rate in addition to addressing its safety concerns. RESULTS After pooling data from 4 clinical trials, the analysis showed a significant improvement in PFS among ovarian cancer patients and for the maintenance therapy with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.49 (95% CI 0.34-0.73, p = 0.0003) and 0.42 (95% CI 0.29-0.62, p < 0.0001), respectively. For patients with BRCA mutations, the PFS showed significant improvement with a (HR) of 0.42 (95% CI 0.25-0.71, p < 0.001). A difference was observed in the risk of grade ≥ 3 TEAEs between the two groups (RR = 2.48; 95% CI 1.40-4.37). CONCLUSION Rucaparib demonstrated significant efficacy in improving PFS and ORR in ovarian cancer patients, particularly those having BRCA mutations. However, they should be closely monitored due to the greater risk of various adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ahmad Sa'ed
- Faculty of medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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19
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Zhong A, Cheng CS, Lu RQ, Guo L. Suppression of NBS1 Upregulates CyclinB to Induce Olaparib Sensitivity in Ovarian Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2024; 23:15330338231212085. [PMID: 38192153 PMCID: PMC10777771 DOI: 10.1177/15330338231212085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Deficiencies in DNA damage repair responses promote chemotherapy sensitivity of tumor cells. The Nibrin homolog encoding gene Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome 1 (NBS1) is a crucial component of the MRE11-RAD50-NBN complex (MRN complex) and is involved in the response to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair that has emerged as an attractive strategy to overcome tumor drug resistance, but the functional relationship between NBS1 regulated DNA damage repair and cell cycle checkpoints has not been fully elucidated. Methods: In this study, lentivirus-mediated RNAi was used to construct NBS1-downregulated cells. Flow cytometry, qPCR, and immunohistochemistry were used to explore the regulatory relationship between NBS1 and CyclinB in vivo and in vitro. Results: Our findings suggest that NBS1 deficiency leads to defective homologous recombination repair. Inhibition of NBS1 expression activates CHK1 and CyclinB signaling pathways leading to cell cycle arrest and sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to Olaparib treatment in vitro and in vivo. NBS1-deficient ovarian cancer cells tend to maintain sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs through activation of cell cycle checkpoints. Conclusions: NBS1 may be a potential therapeutic target for epithelial ovarian cancer as it plays a role in the regulation of the DNA damage response and cell cycle checkpoints. Suppression of NBS1 upregulates CyclinB to induce Olaparib sensitivity in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailing Zhong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Chien-shan Cheng
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ren quan Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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20
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Wang H, Han X, Ren J, Cheng H, Li H, Li Y, Li X. A prognostic prediction model for ovarian cancer using a cross-modal view correlation discovery network. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2024; 21:736-764. [PMID: 38303441 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2024031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a tumor with different clinicopathological and molecular features, and the vast majority of patients have local or extensive spread at the time of diagnosis. Early diagnosis and prognostic prediction of patients can contribute to the understanding of the underlying pathogenesis of ovarian cancer and the improvement of therapeutic outcomes. The occurrence of ovarian cancer is influenced by multiple complex mechanisms, including the genome, transcriptome and proteome. Different types of omics analysis help predict the survival rate of ovarian cancer patients. Multi-omics data of ovarian cancer exhibit high-dimensional heterogeneity, and existing methods for integrating multi-omics data have not taken into account the variability and inter-correlation between different omics data. In this paper, we propose a deep learning model, MDCADON, which utilizes multi-omics data and cross-modal view correlation discovery network. We introduce random forest into LASSO regression for feature selection on mRNA expression, DNA methylation, miRNA expression and copy number variation (CNV), aiming to select important features highly correlated with ovarian cancer prognosis. A multi-modal deep neural network is used to comprehensively learn feature representations of each omics data and clinical data, and cross-modal view correlation discovery network is employed to construct the multi-omics discovery tensor, exploring the inter-relationships between different omics data. The experimental results demonstrate that MDCADON is superior to the existing methods in predicting ovarian cancer prognosis, which enables survival analysis for patients and facilitates the determination of follow-up treatment plans. Finally, we perform Gene Ontology (GO) term analysis and biological pathway analysis on the genes identified by MDCADON, revealing the underlying mechanisms of ovarian cancer and providing certain support for guiding ovarian cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqing Wang
- College of Computer Science and Technology (College of Data Science), Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Xiao Han
- College of Computer Science and Technology (College of Data Science), Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Jianxue Ren
- College of Computer Science and Technology (College of Data Science), Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- College of Computer Science and Technology (College of Data Science), Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Haolin Li
- College of Computer Science and Technology (College of Data Science), Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Computer Science and Technology (College of Data Science), Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Xue Li
- College of Computer Science and Technology (College of Data Science), Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
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21
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Duda J, Thomas SN. Interactions of Histone Deacetylase 6 with DNA Damage Repair Factors Strengthen its Utility as a Combination Drug Target in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:1924-1933. [PMID: 38107255 PMCID: PMC10723650 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the deadliest gynecologic malignancy in women. The low survival rate is largely due to drug resistance. Approximately 80% of patients who initially respond to treatment relapse and become drug-resistant. The lack of effective second-line therapeutics remains a substantial challenge for BRCA-1/2 wild-type HGSOC patients. Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) are promising targets in HGSOC treatment; however, the mechanism and efficacy of HDAC inhibitors are understudied in HGSOC. In order to consider HDACs as a treatment target, an improved understanding of their function within HGSOC is required. This includes elucidating HDAC6-specific protein-protein interactions. In this study, we carried out substrate trapping followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to elucidate HDAC6 catalytic domain (CD)-specific interactors in the context of BRCA-1/2 wild-type HGSOC. Overall, this study identified new HDAC6 substrates that may be unique to HGSOC. The HDAC6-CD1 mutant condition contained the largest number of significant proteins compared to the CD2 mutant and the CD1/2 mutant conditions, suggesting the HDAC6-CD1 domain has catalytic activity that is independent of CD2. Among the identified substrates were proteins involved in DNA damage repair including PARP proteins. These findings further justify the use of HDAC inhibitors as a combination treatment with platinum chemotherapy agents and PARP inhibitors in HGSOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolene
M. Duda
- Department
of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Stefani N. Thomas
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University
of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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22
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Li Y. Efficacy and safety of PARP inhibitors for maintenance treatment of ovarian cancer, regardless of BRCA or HRD status: a comprehensive updated meta-analysis. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2023; 43:2171282. [PMID: 36729640 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2023.2171282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Without taking into account existing biomarkers like genetic mutations (BRCA mutation, Homologous recombination deficiency) with advanced ovarian cancer (OC), the overall survival (OS), progress-free survival (PFS) of the aggregate all groups that have been classified were hazard ratio (HR): 0.72, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.66-0.79 and HR: 0.48, 95%CI: 0.44-0.52, respectively. Meanwhile, the OS and PFS of the whole population (regardless of existing genetic mutation markers) were HR: 0.74, 95%CI: 0.64-0.87 and HR: 0.52, 95%CI: 0.42-0.65, separately. Furthermore, the OS and PFS of positive gene mutation markers were HR: 0.71, 95%CI: 0.61-0.83 (HRD and BRACm) and HR: 0.47, 95%CI: 0.42-0.52 (HRD and BRACm), individually. The poly ADP-ribose polymers (PARP) inhibitors have desired efficiency and security in the maintenance treatment of advanced OC patients with BRCAm or BRCAwt, HRD or HRP and unknown gene status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, China
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23
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Garg V, Kumar L. Metronomic chemotherapy in ovarian cancer. Cancer Lett 2023; 579:216469. [PMID: 37923056 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Translational research and the development of targeted therapies have transformed the therapeutic landscape in epithelial ovarian cancer over the last decade. However, recurrent ovarian cancer continues to pose formidable challenges to therapeutic interventions, necessitating innovative strategies to optimize treatment outcomes. Current research focuses on the development of pharmaceuticals that target potential resistance pathways to DNA repair pathways. However, the cost and toxicity of some of these therapies are prohibitive and majority of patients lack access to clinical trials. Metronomic chemotherapy, characterized by the continuous administration of low doses of chemotherapeutic agents without long treatment breaks, has emerged as a promising approach with potential implications beyond recurrent setting. It acts primarily by inhibition of angiogenesis and activation of host immune system. We here review the mechanism of action of metronomic chemotherapy, as well as its current role, limitations, and avenues for further research in the management of epithelial ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Garg
- Clinical Research Fellow, Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 700 University Avenue, 7th Floor, Station 7W386, M5G 1Z5, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Lalit Kumar
- Oncology and BMT, Department of Medical Oncology, Artemis Hospital, Gurugram, India.
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Sun Z, Zhou R, Dai J, Chen J, Liu Y, Wang M, Zhou R, Liu F, Zhang Q, Xu Y, Zhang T. KRT19 is a Promising Prognostic Biomarker and Associates with Immune Infiltrates in Serous Ovarian Cystadenocarcinoma. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:4849-4862. [PMID: 37916194 PMCID: PMC10616674 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s419235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer (OV) is the highest prevalent gynecologic tumor with complicated pathogenesis; high-grade serous ovarian cystadenocarcinoma (HGSOC) is the most epidemiological and malignant subtype of OV. Keratin type I cytoskeleton 19 (KRT19) is an intermediate filament protein which plays essential roles in the maintenance of epithelial cells. However, its role in OV remains largely unknown. Methods Bioinformatic analysis with various databases was conducted in this study. In details, KRT19 expression was assessed using databases including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and Human Protein Atlas (HPA). GO-KEGG and GSEA analysis were performed by R packages. The biological function of KRT19 was analyzed based on the single-cell sequencing information from CancerSEA database. The association of KRT19 expression with immunomodulator and chemokine was predicted via the TISIDB database. Results The expression of KRT19 was significantly upregulated in ovarian samples compared with normal controls. KRT19 expression was negatively associated with prognosis in OV, and further analysis revealed that KRT19 had promising diagnostic significance in distinguishing OV cancer from normal samples. GO-KEGG and GSEA analysis indicated that KRT19 was associated with multiple biological functions and pathways including epidermis development, apical junction, inflammatory response, and epithelial mesenchymal transition. By using different GEO series, we found that KRT19 was differentially expressed in OV-associated tissues. Furthermore, the increased KRT19 expression was positively correlated with the immune infiltration levels of the most immune cells in OV. Conclusion This study demonstrated that KRT19 is a promising prognosis and diagnosis biomarker that determines cancer progression and is correlated with tumor immune cells infiltration in OV, suggesting being a molecular target for immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Sun
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruijie Zhou
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinjin Dai
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jihua Chen
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengyi Wang
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Runlong Zhou
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengchen Liu
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qinxing Zhang
- Wuhan Bio-Raid Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yao Xu
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tongcun Zhang
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
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Osredkar J, Jagarlamudi KK, Cviič D, Škof E, Cvjetićanin B, Zore A, Lukanović D, Eriksson S, Meglič L. Clinical Significance of the TK1-Specific Activity in the Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer. Oncology 2023; 102:17-29. [PMID: 37673047 DOI: 10.1159/000533428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ovarian cancer is the eighth most common cause of cancer death in women. One of the major concerns is almost two-thirds of cases are typically diagnosed in the late stage as the symptoms are unspecific in the early stage of ovarian cancer. It is known that the combination of TK1 protein with CA 125 or HE4 showed better performance than either of them alone. That is why, the aim of the study was to investigate whether the TK1-specific activity (TK1 SA) could function as a complement marker for early-stage diagnosis of ovarian cancer. METHODS The study included a set of 198 sera consisting of 134 patients with ovarian tumors (72 benign and 62 malignant) and 64 healthy age-matched controls. The TK1 SA was determined using TK1 activity by TK-Liaison and TK1 protein by AroCell TK 210 ELISA. Further, CA 125, HE4, as well as risk of ovarian malignancy algorithm index were also determined in the same set of clinical samples. RESULTS The TK1 SA was significantly different between healthy compared to ovarian cancer patients (p < 0.0001). Strikingly, TK1 SA has higher sensitivity (55%) compared to other biomarkers in the detection of benign ovarian tumors. Further, the highest sensitivity was achieved by the combination of TK1 SA with CA 125 and HE4 for the detection of benign tumors as well as malignant ovarian tumors (72.2% and 88.7%). In addition, TK1 SA could significantly differentiate FIGO stage I/II from stage III/IV malignancies (p = 0.026). Follow-up of patients after surgery and chemotherapy showed a significant difference compared to TK1 SA at the time of diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that TK1 SA is a promising blood-based biomarker that could complement CA 125 and HE4 for the detection of early stages of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joško Osredkar
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Kiran Kumar Jagarlamudi
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala, Sweden
- Research and Development Division, AroCell AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Diana Cviič
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Erik Škof
- Institute of Oncology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- University Ljubljana, Medical Faculty, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Branko Cvjetićanin
- Division of Gynecology, Department of Gynecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andrej Zore
- Division of Gynecology, Department of Gynecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - David Lukanović
- Division of Gynecology, Department of Gynecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Staffan Eriksson
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala, Sweden
- Research and Development Division, AroCell AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leon Meglič
- University Ljubljana, Medical Faculty, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Division of Gynecology, Department of Gynecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Maiorano MFP, Maiorano BA, Biancofiore A, Cormio G, Maiello E. Niraparib and Advanced Ovarian Cancer: A Beacon in the Non-BRCA Mutated Setting. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1261. [PMID: 37765068 PMCID: PMC10536506 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the eighth most common cancer among the female population and the most lethal of all the female reproductive system malignancies. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis) have reshaped the treatment scenario of metastatic OC in the maintenance setting post platinum-based chemotherapy. Niraparib is the first Food and Drug Administration (FDA)- and European Medical Agency (EMA)-approved PARPi as maintenance therapy for platinum-sensitive OC, regardless of BReast CAncer gene (BRCA) status, in first-line patients, with a recent restriction to germline BRCA mutations in second-line patients. In this review, we comprehensively summarized the pharmacological properties of niraparib, alongside the efficacy and safety data of the main trials leading to the current approvals, and discussed the future development of this agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Francesco Pio Maiorano
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Brigida Anna Maiorano
- Oncology Unit, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza IRCCS, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy;
| | - Annalucia Biancofiore
- Pharmacy Unit, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza IRCCS, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy;
| | - Gennaro Cormio
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine (DIM), University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Evaristo Maiello
- Oncology Unit, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza IRCCS, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy;
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27
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Birhanu AG. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics as an emerging tool in clinical laboratories. Clin Proteomics 2023; 20:32. [PMID: 37633929 PMCID: PMC10464495 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-023-09424-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics have been increasingly implemented in various disciplines of laboratory medicine to identify and quantify biomolecules in a variety of biological specimens. MS-based proteomics is continuously expanding and widely applied in biomarker discovery for early detection, prognosis and markers for treatment response prediction and monitoring. Furthermore, making these advanced tests more accessible and affordable will have the greatest healthcare benefit.This review article highlights the new paradigms MS-based clinical proteomics has created in microbiology laboratories, cancer research and diagnosis of metabolic disorders. The technique is preferred over conventional methods in disease detection and therapy monitoring for its combined advantages in multiplexing capacity, remarkable analytical specificity and sensitivity and low turnaround time.Despite the achievements in the development and adoption of a number of MS-based clinical proteomics practices, more are expected to undergo transition from bench to bedside in the near future. The review provides insights from early trials and recent progresses (mainly covering literature from the NCBI database) in the application of proteomics in clinical laboratories.
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28
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Jochum F, Angeles MA, Balaya V, Drouin L, Nikolova T, Mathevet P, Lécuru F, Azais H, Betrian S, Bolze PA, Dabi Y, Kerbage Y, Sanson C, Zaccarini F, Guyon F, Akladios C, Hsu A, Bendifallah S, Deluche E, Guani B. Management of patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer: a European survey. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2023; 308:535-549. [PMID: 36737552 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-023-06948-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess current European practices in the management of patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer in 2021. METHODS A 58-question electronic survey was distributed anonymously to the members of six European learned societies. Initial diagnostic workup and staging, pathological data, surgical data, treatments and follow-up strategies were assessed. RESULTS A total of 171 participants from 17 European countries responded to emailed surveys. Most participants were experienced practitioners (superior than 15 years of experience) specializing in gynecology-obstetrics (29.8%), surgical oncology (25.1%), and oncogynecology (21.6%). According to most (64.8%) participants, less than 50% of patients were eligible for primary debulking surgery. Variations in the rate of primary debulking surgery depending on the country of origin of the practitioners were observed in this study. The LION study criteria were applied in 70.4% of cases during PDS and 27.1% after chemotherapy. In cases of BRCA1-2 mutations, olaparib was given by 75.0-84.8% of respondents, whereas niraparib was given in cases of BRCA wild-type diseases. CONCLUSIONS This study sheds light on current practices and attitudes regarding the management of patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer in Europe in 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floriane Jochum
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Strasbourg, France.
- Residual Tumor & Response to Treatment Laboratory, RT2Lab, Translational Research Department, INSERM, U932 Immunity and Cancer, Paris, France.
| | - Martina Aida Angeles
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institut Claudius Regaud, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse (IUCT), Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Vincent Balaya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - Leonor Drouin
- Department of Gynecology, CHU de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Tanja Nikolova
- Academic Teaching Hospital of Heidelberg University, Baden-Baden, Germany
| | - Patrice Mathevet
- Women-Mother-Child Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fabrice Lécuru
- Breast, Gynecology and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, Curie Institute, Paris, France
| | - Henri Azais
- Gynecologic and Breast Oncologic Surgery Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Betrian
- Department of Medical Oncology, IUCT Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Yohann Dabi
- Department of Gynecology, Tenon Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Yohan Kerbage
- Department of Gynecology, Jeanne de Flandre Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Claire Sanson
- Surgical Oncology Department, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - François Zaccarini
- Surgical Oncology Department, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Fréderic Guyon
- Surgical Oncology Department, Bergonié Institute, Bordeaux, France
| | - Cherif Akladios
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Arthur Hsu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | | | - Elise Deluche
- Oncology Department, University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Benedetta Guani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fribourg Hospital, Fribourg, Switzerland
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Hanžek A, Siatka C, Duc ACE. Extracellular urinary microRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers of endometrial and ovarian cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:7981-7993. [PMID: 36914786 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04675-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gynecological cancers account for a large number of cancer-related deaths in women. Endometrial cancer is the most prevalent, while ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecological cancer worldwide. To overcome the clinical need for easy and rapid testing, there is a growing interest in cancer detection in non-invasive modalities. With a growing field of liquid biopsy, urine became interesting source of cancer biomarkers. OBJECTIVES The aim of this manuscript is to provide an overview on the origin, analysis and the clinical significance of urine microRNAs in gynecological cancers, with a focus on ovarian and endometrial cancer. MicroRNAs, a class of small non-coding nucleic acids, are emerging as a non-invasive biomarkers due to the feasibility and the extreme stability in body fluids. Specific miRNA expression signatures have been previously identified in ovarian and endometrial cancer. RESULTS The aim of this manuscript is to provide an overview on the origin, analysis and the clinical significance of urine microRNAs in gynecological cancers, with the focus on ovarian and endometrial cancer. CONCLUSION: The advantages and limitations of urine microRNA utility and technologies are discussed. Previously detected microRNA from urine of the patients are summarized to evaluate their potential as non-invasive clinical biomarkers in gynecological oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonija Hanžek
- UPR CHROME, Université de Nîmes, CEDEX 1, 30021, Nîmes, France
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Yin M, Lu C, Zhou H, Liu Q, Yang J. Fibroblast Growth Factor 11 (FGF11) Promotes Progression and Cisplatin Resistance Through the HIF-1α/FGF11 Signaling Axis in Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma. Cancer Manag Res 2023; 15:753-763. [PMID: 37525667 PMCID: PMC10387280 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s414703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A poor prognosis is often associated with ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) due to its relative resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy. Although several studies have been launched to explore the pathogenesis of OCCC, the mechanism of chemoresistance has yet to be uncovered. Methods Nanostring nCounter PanCancer Pathways Panel was performed to explore the expression profiles of OCCC tissues from patients showing different platinum sensitivity. Bioinformatic analysis was performed to select genes associated with chemoresistance and cell function assays, including colony formation, wound healing, transwell and flow cytometric analysis, were used to explore the role of the target gene in the progression of OCCC and resistance to cisplatin (DDP). Results Gene expression profiles and bioinformatic analysis verified that the expression of fibroblast growth factor 11 (FGF11) was significantly increased in platinum-resistant OCCC tissues and increased FGF11 expression was related to poorer survival. Downregulation of FGF11 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion, reversing the DDP resistance of OCCC cells. Mechanically, FGF11 was regulated by hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) to modulate the DDP sensitivity. Conclusion FGF11 was highly expressed in platinum-resistant OCCC tissues, promoting progression and resistance to DDP through the HIF-1α/FGF11 signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yin
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunli Lu
- Neurospine Center, China International Neuroscience Institute (CHINA-INI), Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huimei Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaxin Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Xia T, Fang C, Chen Y. Advances in application of circulating tumor DNA in ovarian cancer. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:250. [PMID: 37479960 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01181-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the third most common gynecologic cancer worldwide and has the highest mortality rate among gynecologic cancers. Identifying timely and effective biomarkers at different stages of the disease is the key to improve the prognosis of ovarian cancer patients. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a fragment of free DNA produced by tumor cells in the blood. Current techniques for detecting ctDNA mainly include quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS), and non-targeted NGS (such as whole exon or whole genome sequencing). As a non-invasive liquid biopsy technique, ctDNA has a good application prospect in the ovarian cancer diagnosis, monitoring of treatment response and efficacy evaluation, detection of reverse mutation and related medication guidance, and prognosis evaluation. This article reviews the advances in application of ctDNA in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xia
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenyan Fang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaqing Chen
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China.
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Zhou D, Han L, Jin C, Bi L. Clinical and genetic characteristics in lymphoma patients with a second solid malignancy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1152290. [PMID: 37546421 PMCID: PMC10403261 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1152290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diagnosis and treatment of multiple primary malignancies are becoming a new challenge in clinical practice worldwide. The present study aimed to characterize the clinical and genetic features of multiple primary malignancies in patients with synchronous or metachronous lymphoma and another solid tumor. We retrospectively analyzed 11 cases with lymphoma and another solid tumor. The germline mutations in plasma cell-free DNA samples and somatic mutations in lymphoma and solid tumor tissue samples were identified using targeted next-generation sequencing. In the 11 lymphoma patients, the most common type of concurrent solid tumor was colon adenocarcinoma (case 3, 5, 9 11) followed by papillary thyroid carcinoma (case 1, 7, 10). Metachronous lymphoma and solid tumor in 6 patients were treated with corresponding standard therapy asynchronously. Chemotherapy for colon adenocarcinoma during the interval of lymphoma chemotherapy led to excellent outcome in two patients. Immediate chemotherapy for lymphoma plus elective surgery for synchronous papillary thyroid carcinoma also yielded good prognosis in two patients with synchronous double primaries. Interestingly, we found that 10 of 11 patients with lymphoma and another solid tumor harbored germline mutations in Fanconi anemia complementation group (FANC) genes, including FANCI, FANCA, FANCG, FANCL, FANCD1, FANCF, FANCJ, and FANCS. In summary, comprehensive study of the clinical and genetic features of patients with multiple primary malignancies may improve diagnosis and treatment in the future. Mutations in FANC genes might be a predisposition to tumorigenesis of lymphoma patients with a second solid malignancy.
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Chen W, Fang PH, Zheng B, Liang Y, Mao Y, Jiang X, Tang Q. Effective Treatment for Recurrent Ovarian Cancer Guided by Drug Sensitivity from Ascites-Derived Organoid: A Case Report. Int J Womens Health 2023; 15:1047-1057. [PMID: 37465723 PMCID: PMC10351532 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s405010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
So far, ovarian cancer has still been the most lethal gynecological malignancy. The chemotherapy and targeted medication are the mainstay for the recurrent ovarian cancer treatment. About 70% of the advanced-stage cases will relapse. Ascites-derived organoid is a pre-clinical model for the precise prediction of the therapeutic effectiveness for the ovarian cancer: it can be used to assess the drug sensitivity, to guide individualized precise treatment, and to improve advanced stage as well as recurrent ovarian cancer patient' survival and prognosis. Until now, there has been no report concerning the establishment of the organoid out of the patient's ascites and the concurrent usage of drug sensitivity test to guide the individualized precise treatment for the ovarian cancer. Here, we report a case of recurrent ovarian cancer of a 59-year-old female patient whose CA125 at its peak increased to 4523.4 U/mL. Then, patient's own ovarian cancer organoid was constructed from the ascites by the abdominocentesis; concurrently, medication sensitivity test was performed on the organoid to guide individualized precise treatment. After the treatment, CA125 decreased to 33.7 U/mL, and the patient's condition relieved effectively. This is the first published case report using ascites-derived organoid and the drug sensitivity test thereof to guide the precise treatment of recurrent ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyi Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Po-Han Fang
- International School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zheng
- Guangdong Research Center for Organoid Engineering and Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiwen Mao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qionglan Tang
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Cecere SC, Casartelli C, Forte M, Pignata S, Pisano C. Safety of PARP inhibitors as maintenance therapy in ovarian cancer. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2023; 22:897-908. [PMID: 37668154 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2023.2254699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Antiangiogenic agents and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARP-Is) have improved the outcome of patients suffering from ovarian cancer. However, as they are associated with many adverse events (AEs), it is important to be aware of their safety and toxicity profiles. AREAS COVERED We reviewed PARP-I therapeutical indications, mechanism of action, metabolism, and interactions. We reported on all major and minor AEs that have emerged from clinical trials (SOLO1, PRIMA, PAOLA1, ATHENA, SOLO2, NOVA, ARIEL3, NORA), their follow-ups, meta-analyses, and real-world studies, particularly hematologic toxicities and their management, and secondary malignancies (myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia). We also addressed gastrointestinal, neurological, respiratory, hepatic, and renal toxicity and the use of PARP-Is in older, pregnant, and lactating patients. No specific research strategy in terms of keywords, inclusive dates and databases was used. EXPERT OPINION PARP-Is benefits largely outweigh the risks associated with potential AEs. Randomized controlled trials produced strong good, quality data, but they enrolled a selected population and failed to capture rare events. More pharmacovigilance data and real-life studies on a larger and more heterogeneous sample are needed to understand PARP-Is differences and to clarify the incidence of late AEs to balance the risk/benefit ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Chiara Cecere
- Department of Urology and Gynecology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Miriam Forte
- Department of Precision Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Sandro Pignata
- Department of Urology and Gynecology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmela Pisano
- Department of Urology and Gynecology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
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Calheiros J, Corbo V, Saraiva L. Overcoming therapeutic resistance in pancreatic cancer: Emerging opportunities by targeting BRCAs and p53. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188914. [PMID: 37201730 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is characterized by (epi)genetic and microenvironmental alterations that negatively impact the treatment outcomes. New targeted therapies have been pursued to counteract the therapeutic resistance in PC. Aiming to seek for new therapeutic options for PC, several attempts have been undertaken to exploit BRCA1/2 and TP53 deficiencies as promising actionable targets. The elucidation of the pathogenesis of PC highlighted the high prevalence of p53 mutations and their connection with the aggressiveness and therapeutic resistance of PC. Additionally, PC is associated with dysfunctions in several DNA repair-related genes, including BRCA1/2, which sensitize tumours to DNA-damaging agents. In this context, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) were approved for mutant BRCA1/2 PC patients. However, acquired drug resistance has become a major drawback of PARPi. This review emphasizes the importance of targeting defective BRCAs and p53 pathways for advancing personalized PC therapy, with particular focus on how this approach may provide an opportunity to tackle PC resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Calheiros
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratόrio de Microbiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biolόgicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine (DIMI), University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy; ARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Lucília Saraiva
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratόrio de Microbiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biolόgicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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Saani I, Raj N, Sood R, Ansari S, Mandviwala HA, Sanchez E, Boussios S. Clinical Challenges in the Management of Malignant Ovarian Germ Cell Tumours. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6089. [PMID: 37372675 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20126089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Nonepithelial ovarian cancers (NEOC) are a group of rare malignancies, including germ cell tumours (GCT) and sex cord-stromal tumours (SCST), along with small-cell carcinomas and sarcomas. GCTs represent 2-5% of ovarian cancers, with a yearly incidence of 4:100,000, and they usually affect young women and adolescents. Precursory germ cells of the ovary form the basis of GCT. They are histologically classified into primitive GCT, teratomas, and monodermal and somatic-type tumours associated with dermoid cysts. A primitive GCT can be either a yolk sac tumour (YST), dysgerminoma, or mixed germ cell neoplasm. Teratomas are either mature (benign) or immature (malignant). Given that malignant GCTs occur rarely compared to epithelial ovarian tumours (EOC), greater focus is required in their diagnosis and treatment. In this article, we review the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and molecular biology, along with the management and therapeutic challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Saani
- Department of Medicine, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Windmill Road, Gillingham ME7 5NY, UK
| | - Nitish Raj
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust, Plymouth PL6 8DH, UK
| | - Raja Sood
- Department of Clinical Medical Education, Epsom and St Helier University Hospitals NHS Trust, Epsom KT18 7EG, UK
| | - Shahbaz Ansari
- Department of Medicine, Glan Clwyd Hospital, NHS Wales, Denbighshire LL18 5UJ, UK
| | - Haider Abbas Mandviwala
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ziauddin Medical University, Karachi 75000, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Elisabet Sanchez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Windmill Road, Gillingham ME7 5NY, UK
| | - Stergios Boussios
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Windmill Road, Gillingham ME7 5NY, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
- Kent Medway Medical School, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7LX, UK
- AELIA Organization, 9th Km Thessaloniki-Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Qian L, Sun R, Xue Z, Guo T. Mass Spectrometry-based Proteomics of Epithelial Ovarian Cancers: a Clinical Perspective. Mol Cell Proteomics 2023:100578. [PMID: 37209814 PMCID: PMC10388592 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing proteomic studies focused on epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) have attempted to identify early disease biomarkers, establish molecular stratification, and discover novel druggable targets. Here we review these recent studies from a clinical perspective. Multiple blood proteins have been used clinically as diagnostic markers. The ROMA test integrates CA125 and HE4, while the OVA1 and OVA2 tests analyze multiple proteins identified by proteomics. Targeted proteomics has been widely used to identify and validate potential diagnostic biomarkers in EOCs, but none has yet been approved for clinical adoption. Discovery proteomic characterization of bulk EOC tissue specimens has uncovered a large number of dysregulated proteins, proposed new stratification schemes, and revealed novel targets of therapeutic potential. A major hurdle facing clinical translation of these stratification schemes based on bulk proteomic profiling is intra-tumor heterogeneity, namely that single tumor specimens may harbor molecular features of multiple subtypes. We reviewed over 2500 interventional clinical trials of ovarian cancers since 1990, and cataloged 22 types of interventions adopted in these trials. Among 1418 clinical trials which have been completed or are not recruiting new patients, about 50% investigated chemotherapies. Thirty-seven clinical trials are at phase 3 or 4, of which 12 focus on PARP, 10 on VEGFR, 9 on conventional anti-cancer agents, and the remaining on sex hormones, MEK1/2, PD-L1, ERBB, and FRα. Although none of the foregoing therapeutic targets were discovered by proteomics, newer targets discovered by proteomics, including HSP90 and cancer/testis antigens, are being tested also in clinical trials. To accelerate the translation of proteomic findings to clinical practice, future studies need to be designed and executed to the stringent standards of practice-changing clinical trials. We anticipate that the rapidly evolving technology of spatial and single-cell proteomics will deconvolute the intra-tumor heterogeneity of EOCs, further facilitating their precise stratification and superior treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liujia Qian
- iMarker lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China.
| | - Rui Sun
- iMarker lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China
| | - Zhangzhi Xue
- iMarker lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China
| | - Tiannan Guo
- iMarker lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China.
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Chen H, Liu Y, Yin Z, Chen H, Wang Y, Qian Y. Homologous repair deficiency-associated genes in invasive breast cancer revealed by WGCNA co-expression network analysis and genetic perturbation similarity analysis. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:1077-1100. [PMID: 36757135 PMCID: PMC10081085 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2174339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Homologous repair deficiency (HRD) causes double-strand break repair to be impeded, which is a common driver of carcinogenesis. However, the therapeutic and prognostic potential of HRD in invasive breast cancer (BRCA) has not been fully explored using comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS HRD score was defined as the unweighted sum of LOH, TAI, and LST scores and obtained from the previous study according to Theo A et al. To characterize BRCA tumor microenvironment (TME) subtypes, "ConsensusClusterPlus" R package was used to conduct unsupervised clustering. The xCell algorithm was utilized for tumor composition analysis to estimate the TME in TCGA-BRCA. A WGCNA analysis was conducted to uncover the gene coexpression modules and hub genes in the HRD-related gene module of BRCA. The functional enrichment study was carried out using Metascape. A novel analysis pipeline, Genetic Perturbation Similarity Analysis (GPSA), was used to explore the single-gene perturbation closely related to HRD based on 3048 stable knockdown/knockout cell lines. The prognostic variables were evaluated using univariate COX analysis. Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analysis was performed to assess the prognostic potential of HRD score. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was utilized to judge the diagnostic utility. Drug sensitivity was estimated through the R package "oncoPredict" and Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) database. XSum algorithm was performed to screen the candidate small molecule drugs based on the connectivity map (CMAP) database. RESULTS Low HRD score suggested a better prognosis in BRCA patients. The tumor with low HRD score had considerably greater degree of infiltration of stromal cells and infiltration of immunocytes was significantly enhanced in the high HRD score group. Using WGCNA, ten co-expression modules were obtained. The turquoise module and 25 hub genes were identified as the most correlated with HRD in BRCA. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the turquoise gene module was mainly concentrated in the "cell cycle" pathways. Candidate HRD-related gene signatures (MELK) were screened out through WGCNA and GPSA analysis pipeline and then validated on independent validation sets. A small molecule drug (Clofibrate) that has the potential to reverse the increase of high HRD score was screened out to improve oncological outcomes in BRCA. Molecular docking suggested MELK to be one of possible molecular targets in the Clofibrate treatment of BRCA. CONCLUSION Based on bioinformatic analysis, we fully explored the therapeutic and prognostic potential of HRD in BRCA. A novel HRD-related gene signature (MELK) were identified through the combination of WGCNA and GPSA analysis. In addition, we detailed the TME landscape in BRCA and identified four unique TME subtypes in group with high or low HRD score group. Moreover, Clofibrate were screened out to improve oncological outcomes in BRCA by reversing the increase of high HRD score. Thus, our study contributes to the development of personalized clinical management and treatment regimens of BRCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haohao Chen
- Department of General surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of General surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Department of General surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhenglang Yin
- Department of General surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Digestive Endoscopy, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yeben Qian
- Department of General surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Sun M, Jiang W. Ovarian clear cell carcinoma with or without endometriosis origin in a single institution cohort. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:39. [PMID: 37004660 PMCID: PMC10067778 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00649-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) has distinct clinical features, biology, genetic characteristics and mechanisms of pathogenesis, and whether the origin of endometriosis or not affects the prognosis of OCCC remains controversial. METHODS We retrospectively collected medical records and follow-up data of patients with OCCC treated at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University from January 2009 to December 2019. Further, we divided patients into 2 groups. Group 1: non-endometriosis origin; Group 2: endometriosis origin. Clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes were compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS A total of one hundred and twenty-five patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma were identified and included. In the overall patients' population, the 5 year overall survival was 84.8%, the mean overall survival was 85.9 months. The results of the stratified analysis showed that early stage (FIGO stage I/II) OCCC had a good prognosis. The results of univariate analyses indicated that a statistically significant relationship between overall survival (OS) and FIGO stage, lymph node metastasis, peritoneum metastasis, chemotherapy administration methods, Chinese herbal treatment, molecular target therapy. As for progression-free survival (PFS), a significant relationship between PFS and child-bearing history, largest residual tumor size, FIGO stage, tumor maximum diameter, lymph node metastasis was found, respectively. FIGO stage and lymph node metastasis are common poor prognostic factors affecting OS and PFS. The multivariate regression analysis revealed that FIGO stage (p = 0.028; HR, 1.944; 95% CI 1.073-3.52) and treatment by Chinese herbs (p = 0.018; HR, 0.141; 95% CI 0.028-0.716) were identified as influencing factors with regard to survival. The presence or absence of lymphadenectomy did not affect OS of 125 OCCC patients (p = 0.851; HR, 0.825; 95% CI 0.111-6.153). There was a trend towards a better prognosis for patients with OCCC of endometriosis origin than those with OCCC of non-endometriosis origin (p = 0.062; HR, 0.432; 95% CI 0.179-1.045). The two groups differed with respect to several clinicopathological factors. And the proportion of patients with disease relapse was higher in Group 1 (46.9%) than in Group 2 (25.0%), with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.048). CONCLUSIONS Surgical staging and treatment by Chinese herbs postoperatively are two independent prognostic factors affecting the OS of OCCC, early detection and Chinese herbal medicine combined with chemotherapy postoperatively may be a good choice. Tumor with endometriosis-origin was found less likely to relapse. While the non-necessity of lymphadenectomy in advanced ovarian cancer has been proven, the need for lymphadenectomy in the early stage ovarian cancer, including early stage OCCC, still deserved to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Sun
- Department Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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Mathematical modeling of the early modeled CA-125 longitudinal kinetics (KELIM-PARP) as a pragmatic indicator of rucaparib efficacy in patients with recurrent ovarian carcinoma in ARIEL2 & STUDY 10. EBioMedicine 2023; 89:104477. [PMID: 36801617 PMCID: PMC9972491 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have revolutionized the management of advanced ovarian carcinoma, and were investigated as forefront treatment in recurrent disease. The objective was to explore if mathematical modeling of the early longitudinal CA-125 kinetics could be used as a pragmatic indicator of the subsequent rucaparib efficacy, like it is for platinum-based chemotherapy. METHODS The datasets of ARIEL2 and Study 10 involving recurrent HGOC patients treated with rucaparib were retrospectively investigated. The same strategy as those successfully developed for platinum chemotherapy, based on CA-125 ELIMination rate constant K (KELIM™), was implemented. Individual values of rucaparib-adjusted KELIM (KELIM-PARP) were estimated based on the longitudinal CA-125 kinetics during the first 100 treatment days, and then scored as favorable (KELIM-PARP ≥1.0) or unfavorable (KELIM-PARP <1.0). The prognostic value of KELIM-PARP regarding treatment efficacy (radiological response, and progression-free survival (PFS)) was assessed using univariable/multivariable analyses, with respect to platinum-sensitivity and homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) status. FINDINGS The data from 476 patients were assessed. The CA-125 longitudinal kinetics during the first 100-treatment days could be accurately assessed using the KELIM-PARP model. In patients with platinum-sensitive diseases, BRCA mutational status KELIM-PARP score and were associated with subsequent complete/partial radiological responses (KELIM-PARP: odds-ratio = 2.81, 95% CI 1.86-4.52), and PFS (KELIM-PARP: hazard-ratio = 0.67, 95% CI 0.50-0.91). The patients with BRCA-wild type cancer and favorable KELIM-PARP experienced long PFS with rucaparib regardless of HRD. In platinum-resistant disease patients, KELIM-PARP was associated with subsequent radiological response (odds-ratio = 2.80, 95% CI 1.82-4.72). INTERPRETATION This proof-of-concept study confirms the early CA-125 longitudinal kinetics during rucaparib in recurrent HGOC patients are assessable by mathematical modeling, to generate individual a KELIM-PARP score associated with the subsequent efficacy. This pragmatic strategy might be useful for selecting the patients for PARPi-based combination regimens, when identifying efficacy biomarker is challenging. Further assessment of this hypothesis is warranted. FUNDING The present study was supported by Clovis Oncology with a grant to academic research association.
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Aberrations of DNA Repair Pathways in Prostate Cancer-The State of the Art. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054301. [PMID: 36901732 PMCID: PMC10001438 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in males worldwide and the fifth most common cause of cancer-related death in men [...].
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Choi S, Ismail A, Pappas-Gogos G, Boussios S. HPV and Cervical Cancer: A Review of Epidemiology and Screening Uptake in the UK. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12020298. [PMID: 36839570 PMCID: PMC9960303 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignancy in females worldwide, and a leading cause of death in the United Kingdom (UK). The human papillomavirus (HPV) is the strongest risk factor for developing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cancer. Across the UK, the national HPV immunisation programme, introduced in 2008, has been successful in protecting against HPV-related infections. Furthermore, the National Health Service (NHS) implemented the cytology-based cervical cancer screening service to all females aged 25 to 64, which has observed a decline in cervical cancer incidence. In the UK, there has been an overall decline in age-appropriate coverage since April 2010. In 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted NHS cancer screening and immunisation programmes, leading to a 6.8% decreased uptake of cervical cancer screening from the previous year. Engagement with screening has also been associated with social deprivation. In England, incidence rates of cervical cancer were reported to be 65% higher in the most deprived areas compared to the least, with lifestyle factors such as cigarette consumption contributing to 21% of cervical cancer cases. In this article, we provide an update on the epidemiology of cervical cancer, and HPV pathogenesis and transmission, along with the current prevention programmes within the NHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunyoung Choi
- GKT School of Medicine, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Ayden Ismail
- GKT School of Medicine, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - George Pappas-Gogos
- Department of General Surgery, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 6th Kilometer, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Stergios Boussios
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Windmill Road, Kent, Gillingham ME7 5NY, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
- Kent Medway Medical School, University of Kent, Kent, Canterbury CT2 7LX, UK
- AELIA Organization, 9th Km Thessaloniki—Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence: or or or
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Perez-Fidalgo JA, Guerra E, García Y, Iglesias M, Hernández-Sosa M, Estevez-García P, Manso Sánchez L, Santaballa A, Oaknin A, Redondo A, Rubio MJ, González-Martín A. Clinical and molecular signature of survival and resistance to olaparib plus pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer: a stratified analysis from the phase II clinical trial ROLANDO, GEICO-1601. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2023:ijgc-2022-004028. [PMID: 36759001 DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-2022-004028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the potential prognostic value of clinical and molecular biomarkers in the survival of patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer treated with olaparib and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin. METHODS ROLANDO was a single-arm phase II trial that included patients with high-grade serous or endometrioid tumors and at least one previous platinum-resistant recurrence regardless of BRCA status. Patients received 6 cycles of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin every 28 days plus olaparib 300 mg twice daily. followed by olaparib 300 mg twice daily; monotherapy until progression or unacceptable toxicity. Prognostic factors including previous lines (and platinum-containing ones), BRCA mutation status, previous bevacizumab, CA-125 levels, and the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, lymphocyte/monocyte ratio, and platelet/lymphocyte ratio calculated at inclusion were analyzed through a multivariate logistic regression and factor analysis of mixed data. RESULTS Thirty-one patients were included. Median age was 57 years (range 43-75), Eastern Cooperative Oncolgy Group performance status 0/1: 32.3%/67.7% and BRCA mutated: 16.1%. Prior treatment lines were >2 lines: 14 (45.2%) patients, ≥2 platinum lines: 21 patients (67.7%) and previous bevacizumab 19 (61.3%) patients. CA-125 was >2 upper limit normal in 24 (77.4%) patients. A high neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio was associated with worse overall survival by univariate/multivariate regression model (HR=11.18; 95% CI 1.1 to 114.5; p=0.042). No other factors were associated with overall survival in the multivariate model. A multifactorial signature based on clinical and molecular baseline characteristics was capable of defining six patient clusters. Three of these clusters had significantly better prognosis, with a median overall survival of 21.3 months (95% CI 12.2 to not reached). CONCLUSIONS High neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio at platinum-resistant relapse indicated poor prognosis in patients treated with olaparib plus pegylated liposomal doxorubicin. A multifactorial clinical signature was more precise than single variables for implying the prognosis and may help in therapeutic assignment after further validation in large prospective cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eva Guerra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yolanda García
- Department of Medical Oncology, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari. Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
| | - María Iglesias
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Son Llatzer, Palma De Mallorca, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - María Hernández-Sosa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Doctor Negrín, Las Palmas De Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | - Luis Manso Sánchez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Santaballa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Oaknin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andres Redondo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Jesús Rubio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Cordoba, Spain
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Predicting Prognosis and Platinum Resistance in Ovarian Cancer: Role of Immunohistochemistry Biomarkers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031973. [PMID: 36768291 PMCID: PMC9916805 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a lethal reproductive tumour affecting women worldwide. The advancement in presentation and occurrence of chemoresistance are the key factors for poor survival among ovarian cancer women. Surgical debulking was the mainstay of systemic treatment for ovarian cancer, which was followed by a successful start to platinum-based chemotherapy. However, most women develop platinum resistance and relapse within six months of receiving first-line treatment. Thus, there is a great need to identify biomarkers to predict platinum resistance before enrolment into chemotherapy, which would facilitate individualized targeted therapy for these subgroups of patients to ensure better survival and an improved quality of life and overall outcome. Harnessing the immune response through immunotherapy approaches has changed the treatment way for patients with cancer. The immune outline has emerged as a beneficial tool for recognizing predictive and prognostic biomarkers clinically. Studying the tumour microenvironment (TME) of ovarian cancer tissue may provide awareness of actionable targets for enhancing chemotherapy outcomes and quality of life. This review analyses the relevance of immunohistochemistry biomarkers as prognostic biomarkers in predicting chemotherapy resistance and improving the quality of life in ovarian cancer.
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Wu Y, Xu S, Cheng S, Yang J, Wang Y. Clinical application of PARP inhibitors in ovarian cancer: from molecular mechanisms to the current status. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:6. [PMID: 36611214 PMCID: PMC9826575 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01094-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As a kind of gynecological tumor, ovarian cancer is not as common as cervical cancer and breast cancer, but its malignant degree is higher. Despite the increasingly mature treatment of ovarian cancer, the five-year survival rate of patients is still less than 50%. Based on the concept of synthetic lethality, poly (ADP- ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors target tumor cells with defects in homologous recombination repair(HRR), the most significant being the target gene Breast cancer susceptibility genes(BRCA). PARP inhibitors capture PARP-1 protein at the site of DNA damage to destroy the original reaction, causing the accumulation of PARP-DNA nucleoprotein complexes, resulting in DNA double-strand breaks(DSBs) and cell death. PARP inhibitors have been approved for the treatment of ovarian cancer for several years and achieved good results. However, with the widespread use of PARP inhibitors, more and more attention has been paid to drug resistance and side effects. Therefore, further research is needed to understand the mechanism of PARP inhibitors, to be familiar with the adverse reactions of the drug, to explore the markers of its efficacy and prognosis, and to deal with its drug resistance. This review elaborates the use of PARP inhibitors in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsong Wu
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai200092, China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shilin Xu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanshan Cheng
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiani Yang
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai200092, China
| | - Yu Wang
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai200092, China
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Tang B, Wu M, Zhang L, Jian S, Lv S, Lin T, Zhu S, Liu L, Wang Y, Yi Z, Jiang F. Combined treatment of disulfiram with PARP inhibitors suppresses ovarian cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1154073. [PMID: 37143950 PMCID: PMC10151711 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1154073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Due to the difficulty of early diagnosis, nearly 70% of ovarian cancer patients are first diagnosed at an advanced stage. Thus, improving current treatment strategies is of great significance for ovarian cancer patients. Fast-developing poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases inhibitors (PARPis) have been beneficial in the treatment of ovarian cancer at different stages of the disease, but PARPis have serious side effects and can result in drug resistance. Using PARPis in combination with other drug therapies could improve the efficacy of PRAPis.In this study, we identified Disulfiram as a potential therapeutic candidate through drug screening and tested its use in combination with PARPis. Methods Cytotoxicity tests and colony formation experiments showed that the combination of Disulfiram and PARPis decreased the viability of ovarian cancer cells. Results The combination of PARPis with Disulfiram also significantly increased the expression of DNA damage index gH2AX and induced more PARP cleavage. In addition, Disulfiram inhibited the expression of genes associated with the DNA damage repair pathway, indicating that Disulfiram functions through the DNA repair pathway. Discussion Based on these findings, we propose that Disulfiram reinforces PARPis activity in ovarian cancer cells by improving drug sensitivity. The combined use of Disulfiram and PARPis provides a novel treatment strategy for patients with ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Tang
- Department of Gynecology, East China Normal University Wuhu Affiliated Hospital (The Second People’s Hospital of Wuhu City), Wuhu, China
| | - Min Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyi Jian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiyi Lv
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tongyuan Lin
- Department of Gynecology, East China Normal University Wuhu Affiliated Hospital (The Second People’s Hospital of Wuhu City), Wuhu, China
| | - Shuangshuang Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Layang Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixue Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengfang Yi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Feiyun Jiang, ; Zhengfang Yi,
| | - Feiyun Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, East China Normal University Wuhu Affiliated Hospital (The Second People’s Hospital of Wuhu City), Wuhu, China
- *Correspondence: Feiyun Jiang, ; Zhengfang Yi,
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Zhuang Y, Yang H. The Significance of Radiotherapy in Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancer Control 2023; 30:10732748231179291. [PMID: 37236911 DOI: 10.1177/10732748231179291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the response rate and survival effect of adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiotherapy (CRT) during ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC). METHODS We searched Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane library electronic databases, Clinical Trials, WanFang Data and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) up to October 2022. We also searched registers of clinical trials, abstracts of scientific meetings and reference lists of included studies. RESULTS We identified a total of 4259 patients from 14 studies met the inclusion criteria. The pooled response rate of residual tumors for RT/CRT was 80.0%, the pooled 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) ratio during RT/CRT group was 61.0%, and the pooled 5-year overall survival (OS) ratio during RT/CRT group was 68.0%; heterogeneity tests demonstrated significant difference between studies (I2 >50%). Cumulative results suggested adjuvant RT/CRT improved 5-year PFS ratio of OCCC patients (OR: 0.51 (95% CI: 0.42-.88), I2 = 22%, P = .009), had no impact on 5-year OS ratio (OR: 0.52 (95% CI: 0.19-1.44), I2 = 87%, P = .21); meta-regression of studies before and after 2000 found consistent results. Sub-analysis observed that adjuvant RT/CRT had no impact on 5-year OS ratio of early-stage (stage I + II) OCCC patients (OR: 0.67 (95% CI: 0.25-1.83), I2 = 85%, P = .44), but might improve 5-year OS ratio of advanced and recurrent OCCC patients (OR: 0.13(95% CI: 0.04-.44), P = .001). CONCLUSION This analysis suggested that adjuvant RT/CRT might improve oncologic outcomes of OCCC, especially for advanced and recurrent cases. Due to the inherent selective biases of retrospective studies enrolled in the meta-analysis, more convincing evidences based on prospective randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhuang
- Department of Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
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Bian Y, Guan P, Li D, Tan L, Pang H, Wen Q, Chen P, Zhang Z. Interstitial brachytherapy combined with PARP inhibitors in the treatment of chemoresistant recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer: A case report. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1071383. [PMID: 36591480 PMCID: PMC9797826 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1071383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chemoresistance generally develops in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer, and the prognosis is still very poor, with an expected survival time of less than one year. For this population of individuals, there is currently no standard protocol for clinical benefit. Case presentation We report a case of an elderly woman diagnosed with stage IIIC high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). During a follow-up time of 6 years, the patient initially received multiple sequential courses of chemotherapy with platinum-based regimens and with no maintenance therapy. Similar to most patients with advanced HGSOC, she developed platinum resistance and experienced poor treatment results with a short progression-free survival (PFS). Ultimately, we gave the patient traditional non-platinum-based chemotherapy with bevacizumab and high-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy followed by olaparib as a maintenance therapy. Up to now, the patient did response well to the treatment, and the PFS had exceeded 12 months. Conclusion High-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy combination with PARP inhibitors may be an option for isolated chemoresistant recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Qinglian Wen
- *Correspondence: Zhenhua Zhang, ; Ping Chen, ; Qinglian Wen,
| | - Ping Chen
- *Correspondence: Zhenhua Zhang, ; Ping Chen, ; Qinglian Wen,
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- *Correspondence: Zhenhua Zhang, ; Ping Chen, ; Qinglian Wen,
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Sheng S, Liu W, Xue Y, Pan Z, Zhao L, Wang F, Qi X. Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Promotes the Development of Endometrial Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192215344. [PMID: 36430063 PMCID: PMC9696221 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disruptors as risk factors for endometrial cancer (EC) are positively correlated with serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels. Additionally, increased FSH is associated with EC. However, its exact mechanism is not yet clear. Therefore, this study investigated how FSH affects the occurrence of EC. Using immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF), and Western blot (WB), we found that FSH receptor (FSHR) was expressed in both EC tissues and cell lines. To explore the effect of FSH on EC in vitro, Ishikawa (ISK) cells were cultured in different doses of FSH, and it was found that FSH could promote the proliferation and migration of ISK cells. Furthermore, the detection of key molecules of migration and apoptosis by WB showed that FSH promoted cell migration and inhibited apoptosis. Additionally, FSH decreased AMPK activation. To clarify the effect of FSH on EC in vivo, we subcutaneously planted ISK cells into ovariectomized mice and then gave two of the groups oestradiol (E2). In comparison with the OE (ovariectomy plus E2) and sham groups, the growth rates and weights of the tumors in the OE plus FSH group were significantly higher. The findings above suggest that FSH promotes the proliferation and metastasis of EC, providing a new strategy for the treatment of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuman Sheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Yafei Xue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Zhengwu Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Lanlan Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan 250021, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Xiaoyi Qi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan 250021, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan 250021, China
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Ruiz M, Zhang N, Sood AK, An Z. Antibody therapeutics for epithelial ovarian cancer. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2022; 22:1379-1391. [PMID: 36302510 PMCID: PMC10375545 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2022.2141565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC) is an aggressive subtype of epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) and remains the most lethal gynecologic cancer. A lack of effective and tolerable therapeutic options and nonspecific symptoms at presentation with advanced stage of disease are among the challenges in the management of the disease. AREAS COVERED An overview of ovarian cancer, followed by a discussion of the current therapeutic regimes and challenges that arise during and after the treatment of EOC. We discuss different formats of antibody therapeutics and their usage in targeting validated targets implicated in ovarian cancer, as well as three emerging novel proteins as examples recently implicated in their contribution to adaptive resistance in ovarian cancer. EXPERT OPINION Antibody therapeutics allow for a unique and effective way to target proteins implicated in cancer and other diseases, and have the potential to radically change the outcomes of patients suffering from ovarian cancer. The vast array of targets that have been implicated in ovarian cancer and yet the lack of effective therapeutic options for patients further stresses the importance of discovering novel proteins that can be targeted, as well as predictive biomarkers that can inform the stratification of patients into treatment-specific populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mason Ruiz
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Ningyan Zhang
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhiqiang An
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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