1
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Agostini A, Piro G, Inzani F, Quero G, Esposito A, Caggiano A, Priori L, Larghi A, Alfieri S, Casolino R, Scaglione G, Tondolo V, Cammarota G, Ianiro G, Corbo V, Biankin AV, Tortora G, Carbone C. Identification of spatially-resolved markers of malignant transformation in Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2764. [PMID: 38553466 PMCID: PMC10980816 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46994-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The existing Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm (IPMN) risk stratification relies on clinical and histological factors, resulting in inaccuracies and leading to suboptimal treatment. This is due to the lack of appropriate molecular markers that can guide patients toward the best therapeutic options. Here, we assess and confirm subtype-specific markers for IPMN across two independent cohorts of patients using two Spatial Transcriptomics (ST) technologies. Specifically, we identify HOXB3 and ZNF117 as markers for Low-Grade Dysplasia, SPDEF and gastric neck cell markers in borderline cases, and NKX6-2 and gastric isthmus cell markers in High-Grade-Dysplasia Gastric IPMN, highlighting the role of TNFα and MYC activation in IPMN progression and the role of NKX6-2 in the specific Gastric IPMN progression. In conclusion, our work provides a step forward in understanding the gene expression landscapes of IPMN and the critical transcriptional networks related to PDAC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Agostini
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Medical Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Geny Piro
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
- Medical Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
| | - Frediano Inzani
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Quero
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Gemelli Pancreatic Advanced Research Center (CRMPG), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Digestive Surgery Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Annachiara Esposito
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Medical Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Caggiano
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Medical Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Priori
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Medical Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Larghi
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS and Center for Endoscopic Research, Therapeutics and Training, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Alfieri
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Gemelli Pancreatic Advanced Research Center (CRMPG), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Digestive Surgery Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaella Casolino
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Giulia Scaglione
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tondolo
- General Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cammarota
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Gastroenterology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Gianluca Ianiro
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Gastroenterology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Andrew V Biankin
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
- West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, G31 2ER, UK
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Giampaolo Tortora
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Medical Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmine Carbone
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
- Medical Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
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2
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Farris F, Elhagh A, Vigorito I, Alongi N, Pisati F, Giannattasio M, Casagrande F, Veghini L, Corbo V, Tripodo C, Di Napoli A, Matafora V, Bachi A. Unveiling the mechanistic link between extracellular amyloid fibrils, mechano-signaling and YAP activation in cancer. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:28. [PMID: 38199984 PMCID: PMC10781709 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06424-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is a complex ecosystem that plays a critical role in cancer progression and treatment response. Recently, extracellular amyloid fibrils have emerged as novel components of the tumor microenvironment; however, their function remains elusive. In this study, we establish a direct connection between the presence of amyloid fibrils in the secretome and the activation of YAP, a transcriptional co-activator involved in cancer proliferation and drug resistance. Furthermore, we uncover a shared mechano-signaling mechanism triggered by amyloid fibrils in both melanoma and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells. Our findings highlight the crucial role of the glycocalyx protein Agrin which binds to extracellular amyloid fibrils and acts as a necessary factor in driving amyloid-dependent YAP activation. Additionally, we reveal the involvement of the HIPPO pathway core kinase LATS1 in this signaling cascade. Finally, we demonstrate that extracellular amyloid fibrils enhance cancer cell migration and invasion. In conclusion, our research expands our knowledge of the tumor microenvironment by uncovering the role of extracellular amyloid fibrils in driving mechano-signaling and YAP activation. This knowledge opens up new avenues for developing innovative strategies to modulate YAP activation and mitigate its detrimental effects during cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Farris
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139, Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Elhagh
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Vigorito
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Alongi
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Pisati
- Histopathology Unit, Cogentech S.C.a.R.L, 20139, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Giannattasio
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Casagrande
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139, Milan, Italy
- Human Technopole, Milan, Italy
| | - Lisa Veghini
- Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine (DIMI), University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine (DIMI), University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
- ARC-Net Centre for Applied Research on Cancer, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Tripodo
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139, Milan, Italy
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, 90133, Palermo, Italy
| | - Arianna Di Napoli
- Pathology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Vittoria Matafora
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139, Milan, Italy.
| | - Angela Bachi
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139, Milan, Italy.
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3
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Agostini A, Guerriero I, Piro G, Quero G, Roberto L, Esposito A, Caggiano A, Priori L, Scaglione G, De Sanctis F, Sistigu A, Musella M, Larghi A, Rizzatti G, Lucchetti D, Alfieri S, Sgambato A, Bria E, Bizzozero L, Arena S, Ugel S, Corbo V, Tortora G, Carbone C. Talniflumate abrogates mucin immune suppressive barrier improving efficacy of gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel treatment in pancreatic cancer. J Transl Med 2023; 21:843. [PMID: 37996891 PMCID: PMC10668479 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04733-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease. This is due to its aggressive course, late diagnosis and its intrinsic drugs resistance. The complexity of the tumor, in terms of cell components and heterogeneity, has led to the approval of few therapies with limited efficacy. The study of the early stages of carcinogenesis provides the opportunity for the identification of actionable pathways that underpin therapeutic resistance. METHODS We analyzed 43 Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) (12 Low-grade and 31 High-grade) by Spatial Transcriptomics. Mouse and human pancreatic cancer organoids and T cells interaction platforms were established to test the role of mucins expression on T cells activity. Syngeneic mouse model of PDAC was used to explore the impact of mucins downregulation on standard therapy efficacy. RESULTS Spatial transcriptomics showed that mucin O-glycosylation pathway is increased in the progression from low-grade to high-grade IPMN. We identified GCNT3, a master regulator of mucins expression, as an actionable target of this pathway by talniflumate. We showed that talniflumate impaired mucins expression increasing T cell activation and recognition using both mouse and human organoid interaction platforms. In vivo experiments showed that talniflumate was able to increase the efficacy of the chemotherapy by boosting immune infiltration. CONCLUSIONS Finally, we demonstrated that combination of talniflumate, an anti-inflammatory drug, with chemotherapy effectively improves anti-tumor effect in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Agostini
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Medical Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Guerriero
- Biogem, Biology and Molecular Genetics Institute, Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Geny Piro
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
- Medical Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Quero
- Digestive Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Roberto
- Biogem, Biology and Molecular Genetics Institute, Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Annachiara Esposito
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Medical Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Caggiano
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Medical Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Priori
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Medical Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Scaglione
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco De Sanctis
- University Hospital and Department of Medicine, Immunology Section, Verona, Italy
| | - Antonella Sistigu
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Musella
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Larghi
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Center for Endoscopic Research, Therapeutics and Training, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianenrico Rizzatti
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Center for Endoscopic Research, Therapeutics and Training, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Lucchetti
- General Pathology, Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- General Pathology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Alfieri
- Digestive Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sgambato
- General Pathology, Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- General Pathology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Emilio Bria
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Medical Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Bizzozero
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, TO, Italy
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, TO, Italy
| | - Sabrina Arena
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, TO, Italy
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, TO, Italy
| | - Stefano Ugel
- University Hospital and Department of Medicine, Immunology Section, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine (DIMI), University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Tortora
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Medical Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmine Carbone
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
- Medical Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
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4
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Caronni N, La Terza F, Vittoria FM, Barbiera G, Mezzanzanica L, Cuzzola V, Barresi S, Pellegatta M, Canevazzi P, Dunsmore G, Leonardi C, Montaldo E, Lusito E, Dugnani E, Citro A, Ng MSF, Schiavo Lena M, Drago D, Andolfo A, Brugiapaglia S, Scagliotti A, Mortellaro A, Corbo V, Liu Z, Mondino A, Dellabona P, Piemonti L, Taveggia C, Doglioni C, Cappello P, Novelli F, Iannacone M, Ng LG, Ginhoux F, Crippa S, Falconi M, Bonini C, Naldini L, Genua M, Ostuni R. IL-1β + macrophages fuel pathogenic inflammation in pancreatic cancer. Nature 2023; 623:415-422. [PMID: 37914939 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06685-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease with high resistance to therapies1. Inflammatory and immunomodulatory signals co-exist in the pancreatic tumour microenvironment, leading to dysregulated repair and cytotoxic responses. Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) have key roles in PDAC2, but their diversity has prevented therapeutic exploitation. Here we combined single-cell and spatial genomics with functional experiments to unravel macrophage functions in pancreatic cancer. We uncovered an inflammatory loop between tumour cells and interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-expressing TAMs, a subset of macrophages elicited by a local synergy between prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF). Physical proximity with IL-1β+ TAMs was associated with inflammatory reprogramming and acquisition of pathogenic properties by a subset of PDAC cells. This occurrence was an early event in pancreatic tumorigenesis and led to persistent transcriptional changes associated with disease progression and poor outcomes for patients. Blocking PGE2 or IL-1β activity elicited TAM reprogramming and antagonized tumour cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic inflammation, leading to PDAC control in vivo. Targeting the PGE2-IL-1β axis may enable preventive or therapeutic strategies for reprogramming of immune dynamics in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Caronni
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | - Federica La Terza
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco M Vittoria
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Barbiera
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Mezzanzanica
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cuzzola
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Barresi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Garett Dunsmore
- INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Carlo Leonardi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Montaldo
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Lusito
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Erica Dugnani
- Diabetes Research Institute (DRI), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Citro
- Diabetes Research Institute (DRI), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Melissa S F Ng
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Denise Drago
- Center for Omics Sciences (COSR), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Annapaola Andolfo
- Center for Omics Sciences (COSR), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Brugiapaglia
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Scagliotti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandra Mortellaro
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Zhaoyuan Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Anna Mondino
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute (DRI), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Doglioni
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Cappello
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Novelli
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Matteo Iannacone
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Lai Guan Ng
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth/Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stefano Crippa
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Pancreas Translational and Clinical Research Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Falconi
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Pancreas Translational and Clinical Research Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Bonini
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Naldini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Genua
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Renato Ostuni
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
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5
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Simbolo M, Silvestris N, Malleo G, Mafficini A, Maggino L, Cocomazzi A, Veghini L, Mombello A, Pezzini F, Sereni E, Martelli FM, Gkountakos A, Ciaparrone C, Piredda ML, Ingravallo G, Paolino G, Nappo F, Rapposelli IG, Frassinetti L, Saragoni L, Lonardi S, Pea A, Paiella S, Fassan M, Brunetti O, Cingarlini S, Salvia R, Milella M, Corbo V, Lawlor RT, Scarpa A, Luchini C. Clinical and Genomic Characterization of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma with Signet-Ring/Poorly Cohesive Cells. Mod Pathol 2023; 36:100251. [PMID: 37355152 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2023.100251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Signet-ring cell (SRC)/poorly cohesive cell carcinoma is an aggressive variant of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). This study aimed to clarify its clinicopathologic and molecular profiles based on a multi-institutional cohort of 20 cases. The molecular profiles were investigated using DNA and RNA sequencing. The clinicopathologic parameters and molecular alterations were analyzed based on survival indices and using a validation/comparative cohort of 480 conventional PDAC patients. The primary findings were as follows: (1) clinicopathologic features: SRC carcinomas are highly aggressive neoplasms with poor prognosis, and the lungs are elective metastatic sites; (2) survival analysis: a higher SRC component was indicative of poorer prognosis. In particular, the most clinically significant threshold of SRC was 80%, showing statistically significant differences in both disease-specific and disease-free survival; (3) genomic profiles: SRC carcinomas are similar to conventional PDAC with the most common alterations affecting the classic PDAC drivers KRAS (70% of cases), TP53 (55%), SMAD4 (25%), and CDKN2A (20%). EGFR alterations, RET::CCDC6 fusion gene, and microsatellite instability (3 different cases, 1 alteration per case) represent novel targets for precision oncology. The occurrence of SMAD4 mutations was associated with poorer prognosis; (4) pancreatic SRC carcinomas are genetically different from gastric SRC carcinomas: CDH1, the classic driver gene of gastric SRC carcinoma, is not altered in pancreatic SRC carcinoma; (5) transcriptome analysis: the cases clustered into 2 groups, one classical/exocrine-like, and the other squamous-like; and (6) SRC carcinoma-derived organoids can be successfully generated, and their cultures preserve the histologic and molecular features of parental SRC carcinoma. Although pancreatic SRC carcinoma shares similarities with conventional PDAC regarding the most important genetic drivers, it also exhibits important differences. A personalized approach for patients with this tumor type should consider the clinical relevance of histologic determination of the SRC component and the presence of potentially actionable molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Simbolo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology "G. Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Malleo
- Department of Surgery, The Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Andrea Mafficini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy; ARC-Net Research Center, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Laura Maggino
- Department of Surgery, The Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Lisa Veghini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Aldo Mombello
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesco Pezzini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Sereni
- Department of Surgery, The Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Filippo M Martelli
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Ciaparrone
- ARC-Net Research Center, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria L Piredda
- ARC-Net Research Center, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ingravallo
- Department of Emergency and Transplantation, Pathology Section, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Gaetano Paolino
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Floriana Nappo
- Medical Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | | | | | - Luca Saragoni
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, AUSL Romagna, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
| | - Sara Lonardi
- Medical Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Antonio Pea
- Department of Surgery, The Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Salvatore Paiella
- Department of Surgery, The Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Surgical Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, and Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Oronzo Brunetti
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, Vari, Italy
| | - Sara Cingarlini
- Department of Medicine, Section of Oncology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Roberto Salvia
- Department of Surgery, The Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Michele Milella
- Department of Medicine, Section of Oncology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Rita T Lawlor
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy; ARC-Net Research Center, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy; ARC-Net Research Center, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Luchini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy; ARC-Net Research Center, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy.
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6
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Calheiros J, Corbo V, Saraiva L. Overcoming therapeutic resistance in pancreatic cancer: Emerging opportunities by targeting BRCAs and p53. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188914. [PMID: 37201730 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is characterized by (epi)genetic and microenvironmental alterations that negatively impact the treatment outcomes. New targeted therapies have been pursued to counteract the therapeutic resistance in PC. Aiming to seek for new therapeutic options for PC, several attempts have been undertaken to exploit BRCA1/2 and TP53 deficiencies as promising actionable targets. The elucidation of the pathogenesis of PC highlighted the high prevalence of p53 mutations and their connection with the aggressiveness and therapeutic resistance of PC. Additionally, PC is associated with dysfunctions in several DNA repair-related genes, including BRCA1/2, which sensitize tumours to DNA-damaging agents. In this context, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) were approved for mutant BRCA1/2 PC patients. However, acquired drug resistance has become a major drawback of PARPi. This review emphasizes the importance of targeting defective BRCAs and p53 pathways for advancing personalized PC therapy, with particular focus on how this approach may provide an opportunity to tackle PC resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Calheiros
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratόrio de Microbiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biolόgicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine (DIMI), University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy; ARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Lucília Saraiva
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratόrio de Microbiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biolόgicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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7
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Hetzel LA, Ali A, Corbo V, Hankemeier T. Microfluidics and Organoids, the Power Couple of Developmental Biology and Oncology Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10882. [PMID: 37446057 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Organoids are an advanced cell model that hold the key to unlocking a deeper understanding of in vivo cellular processes. This model can be used in understanding organ development, disease progression, and treatment efficacy. As the scientific world embraces the model, it must also establish the best practices for cultivating organoids and utilizing them to the greatest potential in assays. Microfluidic devices are emerging as a solution to overcome the challenges of organoids and adapt assays. Unfortunately, the various applications of organoids often depend on specific features in a device. In this review, we discuss the options and considerations for features and materials depending on the application and development of the organoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ann Hetzel
- Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ahmed Ali
- Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, ARC-Net Research Centre, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Thomas Hankemeier
- Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
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8
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Erice O, Narayanan S, Feliu I, Entrialgo-Cadierno R, Malinova A, Vicentini C, Guruceaga E, Delfino P, Trajkovic-Arsic M, Moreno H, Valencia K, Blanco E, Macaya I, Öhlund D, Khatri P, Lecanda F, Scarpa A, Siveke JT, Corbo V, Ponz-Sarvise M, Vicent S. LAMC2 Regulates Key Transcriptional and Targetable Effectors to Support Pancreatic Cancer Growth. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:1137-1154. [PMID: 36607777 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-0794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The identification of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) dysregulated genes may unveil novel molecular targets entering inhibitory strategies. Laminins are emerging as potential targets in PDAC given their role as diagnostic and prognostic markers. Here, we investigated the cellular, functional, and clinical relevance of LAMC2 and its regulated network, with the ultimate goal of identifying potential therapies. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN LAMC2 expression was analyzed in PDAC tissues, a panel of human and mouse cell lines, and a genetically engineered mouse model. Genetic perturbation in 2D, 3D, and in vivo allograft and xenograft models was done. Expression profiling of a LAMC2 network was performed by RNA-sequencing, and publicly available gene expression datasets from experimental and clinical studies examined to query its human relevance. Dual inhibition of pharmacologically targetable LAMC2-regulated effectors was investigated. RESULTS LAMC2 was consistently upregulated in human and mouse experimental models as well as in human PDAC specimens, and associated with tumor grade and survival. LAMC2 inhibition impaired cell cycle, induced apoptosis, and sensitized PDAC to MEK1/2 inhibitors (MEK1/2i). A LAMC2-regulated network was featured in PDAC, including both classical and quasi-mesenchymal subtypes, and contained downstream effectors transcriptionally shared by the KRAS signaling pathway. LAMC2 regulated a functional FOSL1-AXL axis via AKT phosphorylation. Furthermore, genetic LAMC2 or pharmacological AXL inhibition elicited a synergistic antiproliferative effect in combination with MEK1/2is that was consistent across 2D and 3D human and mouse PDAC models, including primary patient-derived organoids. CONCLUSIONS LAMC2 is a molecular target in PDAC that regulates a transcriptional network that unveils a dual drug combination for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oihane Erice
- University of Navarra, Center for Applied Medical Research, Program in Solid Tumors, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Shruthi Narayanan
- University of Navarra, Center for Applied Medical Research, Program in Solid Tumors, Pamplona, Spain.,Medical Oncology Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iker Feliu
- University of Navarra, Center for Applied Medical Research, Program in Solid Tumors, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Antonia Malinova
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Caterina Vicentini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elizabeth Guruceaga
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.,University of Navarra, Center for Applied Medical Research, Computational Biology Program, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pietro Delfino
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marija Trajkovic-Arsic
- Bridge Institute of Experimental Tumor Therapy, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK, partner site University Hospital Essen) and German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Haritz Moreno
- University of Navarra, Center for Applied Medical Research, Program in Solid Tumors, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Karmele Valencia
- University of Navarra, Center for Applied Medical Research, Program in Solid Tumors, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ester Blanco
- University of Navarra, Center for Applied Medical Research, Program in Solid Tumors, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Irati Macaya
- University of Navarra, Center for Applied Medical Research, Program in Solid Tumors, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Daniel Öhlund
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Purvesh Khatri
- Stanford Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford, California.,Stanford Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Fernando Lecanda
- University of Navarra, Center for Applied Medical Research, Program in Solid Tumors, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,ARC-Net Research Center, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Jens T Siveke
- Bridge Institute of Experimental Tumor Therapy, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK, partner site University Hospital Essen) and German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mariano Ponz-Sarvise
- University of Navarra, Center for Applied Medical Research, Program in Solid Tumors, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Medical Oncology Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Silve Vicent
- University of Navarra, Center for Applied Medical Research, Program in Solid Tumors, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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9
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De Santis MC, Gozzelino L, Margaria JP, Costamagna A, Ratto E, Gulluni F, Di Gregorio E, Mina E, Lorito N, Bacci M, Lattanzio R, Sala G, Cappello P, Novelli F, Giovannetti E, Vicentini C, Andreani S, Delfino P, Corbo V, Scarpa A, Porporato PE, Morandi A, Hirsch E, Martini M. Lysosomal lipid switch sensitises to nutrient deprivation and mTOR targeting in pancreatic cancer. Gut 2023; 72:360-371. [PMID: 35623884 PMCID: PMC9872233 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2021-325117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive disease with limited therapeutic options. However, metabolic adaptation to the harsh PDAC environment can expose liabilities useful for therapy. Targeting the key metabolic regulator mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and its downstream pathway shows efficacy only in subsets of patients but gene modifiers maximising response remain to be identified. DESIGN Three independent cohorts of PDAC patients were studied to correlate PI3K-C2γ protein abundance with disease outcome. Mechanisms were then studied in mouse (KPC mice) and cellular models of PDAC, in presence or absence of PI3K-C2γ (WT or KO). PI3K-C2γ-dependent metabolic rewiring and its impact on mTORC1 regulation were assessed in conditions of limiting glutamine availability. Finally, effects of a combination therapy targeting mTORC1 and glutamine metabolism were studied in WT and KO PDAC cells and preclinical models. RESULTS PI3K-C2γ expression was reduced in about 30% of PDAC cases and was associated with an aggressive phenotype. Similarly, loss of PI3K-C2γ in KPC mice enhanced tumour development and progression. The increased aggressiveness of tumours lacking PI3K-C2γ correlated with hyperactivation of mTORC1 pathway and glutamine metabolism rewiring to support lipid synthesis. PI3K-C2γ-KO tumours failed to adapt to metabolic stress induced by glutamine depletion, resulting in cell death. CONCLUSION Loss of PI3K-C2γ prevents mTOR inactivation and triggers tumour vulnerability to RAD001 (mTOR inhibitor) and BPTES/CB-839 (glutaminase inhibitors). Therefore, these results might open the way to personalised treatments in PDAC with PI3K-C2γ loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chiara De Santis
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Luca Gozzelino
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Jean Piero Margaria
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Costamagna
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Edoardo Ratto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Federico Gulluni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Enza Di Gregorio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Erica Mina
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Nicla Lorito
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Marina Bacci
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Rossano Lattanzio
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy, Chieti, Italy
| | - Gianluca Sala
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy, Chieti, Italy
| | - Paola Cappello
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Francesco Novelli
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Elisa Giovannetti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, VU University, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Pharmacology Lab, Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Andreani
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Pietro Delfino
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- ARC-Net Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- ARC-Net Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Paolo Ettore Porporato
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Morandi
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Emilio Hirsch
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Miriam Martini
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
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10
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Piro G, Carbone C, Agostini A, Esposito A, De Pizzol M, Novelli R, Allegretti M, Aramini A, Caggiano A, Granitto A, De Sanctis F, Ugel S, Corbo V, Martini M, Lawlor RT, Scarpa A, Tortora G. CXCR1/2 dual-inhibitor ladarixin reduces tumour burden and promotes immunotherapy response in pancreatic cancer. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:331-341. [PMID: 36385556 PMCID: PMC9902528 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-02028-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal malignancy with few therapeutic options available. Despite immunotherapy has revolutionised cancer treatment, the results obtained in PDAC are still disappointing. Emerging evidence suggests that chemokines/CXCRs-axis plays a pivotal role in immune tumour microenvironment modulation, which may influence immunotherapy responsiveness. Here, we evaluated the effectiveness of CXCR1/2 inhibitor ladarixin, alone or in combination with anti-PD-1, against immunosuppression in PDAC. METHODS A set of preclinical models was obtained by engrafting mouse PDAC-derived cells into syngeneic immune-competent mice, as well as by orthotopically transplanting patient-derived PDAC tumour into human immune-system-reconstituted (HIR) mice (HuCD34-NSG-mice). Tumour-bearing mice were randomly assigned to receive vehicles, ladarixin, anti-PD-1 or drugs combination. RESULTS CXCR1/2 inhibition by ladarixin reverted in vitro tumour-mediated M2 macrophages polarisation and migration. Ladarixin as single agent reduced tumour burden in cancer-derived graft (CDG) models with high-immunogenic potential and increased the efficacy of ICI in non-immunogenic CDG-resistant models. In a HIR mouse model bearing the immunogenic subtype of human PDAC, ladarixin showed high efficacy increasing the antitumor effect of anti-PD-1. CONCLUSION Ladarixin in combination with anti-PD-1 might represent an extremely effective approach for the treatment of immunotherapy refractory PDAC, allowing pro-tumoral to immune-permissive microenvironment conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geny Piro
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmine Carbone
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Agostini
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Annachiara Esposito
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Rubina Novelli
- Dompé Farmaceutici S.p.A., Via Santa Lucia 6, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Aramini
- Dompé Farmaceutici S.p.A., Via Santa Lucia 6, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Caggiano
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Granitto
- Division of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco De Sanctis
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Ugel
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
- ARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maurizio Martini
- Division of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Teresa Lawlor
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
- ARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
- ARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Tortora
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
- Medical Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
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11
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D’Agosto S, Fiorini E, Pezzini F, Delfino P, Simbolo M, Vicentini C, Andreani S, Capelli P, Rusev B, Lawlor RT, Bassi C, Landoni L, Pea A, Luchini C, Scarpa A, Corbo V. Long-term organoid culture of a small intestinal neuroendocrine tumor. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:999792. [PMID: 37082125 PMCID: PMC10112019 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.999792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) are rare and highly heterogeneous neoplasms whose incidence has markedly increased over the last decades. A grading system based on the tumor cells' proliferation index predicts high-risk for G3 NETs. However, low-to-intermediate grade (G1/G2) NETs have an unpredictable clinical course that varies from indolent to highly malignant. Cultures of human cancer cells enable to perform functional perturbation analyses that are instrumental to enhance our understanding of cancer biology. To date, no tractable and reliable long-term culture of G1/G2 NET has been reported to permit disease modeling and pharmacological screens. Here, we report of the first long-term culture of a G2 metastatic small intestinal NET that preserves the main genetic drivers of the tumor and retains expression patterns of the endocrine cell lineage. Replicating the tissue, this long-term culture showed a low proliferation index, and yet it could be propagated continuously without dramatic changes in the karyotype. The model was readily available for pharmacological screens using targeted agents and as expected, showed low tumorigenic capacity in vivo. Overall, this is the first long-term culture of NETs to faithfully recapitulate many aspects of the original neuroendocrine tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina D’Agosto
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elena Fiorini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesco Pezzini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Pietro Delfino
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Michele Simbolo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Caterina Vicentini
- Centre for Applied Research on Cancer (ARC-Net) Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Silvia Andreani
- Centre for Applied Research on Cancer (ARC-Net) Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Paola Capelli
- Azienda Ospedaliera Integrata dell’Università di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Borislav Rusev
- Centre for Applied Research on Cancer (ARC-Net) Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Rita T. Lawlor
- Centre for Applied Research on Cancer (ARC-Net) Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Bassi
- Pancreas Institute, Department of Surgery, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Luca Landoni
- Pancreas Institute, Department of Surgery, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Antonio Pea
- Pancreas Institute, Department of Surgery, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Luchini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Centre for Applied Research on Cancer (ARC-Net) Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Centre for Applied Research on Cancer (ARC-Net) Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- *Correspondence: Vincenzo Corbo,
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12
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Gerstung M, Jolly C, Leshchiner I, Dentro SC, Gonzalez S, Rosebrock D, Mitchell TJ, Rubanova Y, Anur P, Yu K, Tarabichi M, Deshwar A, Wintersinger J, Kleinheinz K, Vázquez-García I, Haase K, Jerman L, Sengupta S, Macintyre G, Malikic S, Donmez N, Livitz DG, Cmero M, Demeulemeester J, Schumacher S, Fan Y, Yao X, Lee J, Schlesner M, Boutros PC, Bowtell DD, Zhu H, Getz G, Imielinski M, Beroukhim R, Sahinalp SC, Ji Y, Peifer M, Markowetz F, Mustonen V, Yuan K, Wang W, Morris QD, Spellman PT, Wedge DC, Van Loo P, Tarabichi M, Wintersinger J, Deshwar AG, Yu K, Gonzalez S, Rubanova Y, Macintyre G, Adams DJ, Anur P, Beroukhim R, Boutros PC, Bowtell DD, Campbell PJ, Cao S, Christie EL, Cmero M, Cun Y, Dawson KJ, Demeulemeester J, Donmez N, Drews RM, Eils R, Fan Y, Fittall M, Garsed DW, Getz G, Ha G, Imielinski M, Jerman L, Ji Y, Kleinheinz K, Lee J, Lee-Six H, Livitz DG, Malikic S, Markowetz F, Martincorena I, Mitchell TJ, Mustonen V, Oesper L, Peifer M, Peto M, Raphael BJ, Rosebrock D, 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K, Rozen SG, Rubanova Y, Rubin MA, Rubio-Perez C, Rudneva VA, Rusev BC, Ruzzenente A, Rätsch G, Sabarinathan R, Sabelnykova VY, Zhu H, Sadeghi S, Sahinalp SC, Saini N, Saito-Adachi M, Saksena G, Salcedo A, Salgado R, Salichos L, Sallari R, Saller C, Wang W, Salvia R, Sam M, Samra JS, Sanchez-Vega F, Sander C, Sanders G, Sarin R, Sarrafi I, Sasaki-Oku A, Sauer T, Morris QD, Sauter G, Saw RPM, Scardoni M, Scarlett CJ, Scarpa A, Scelo G, Schadendorf D, Schein JE, Schilhabel MB, Schlesner M, Spellman PT, Schlomm T, Schmidt HK, Schramm SJ, Schreiber S, Schultz N, Schumacher SE, Schwarz RF, Scolyer RA, Scott D, Scully R, Wedge DC, Seethala R, Segre AV, Selander I, Semple CA, Senbabaoglu Y, Sengupta S, Sereni E, Serra S, Sgroi DC, Shackleton M, Van Loo P, Shah NC, Shahabi S, Shang CA, Shang P, Shapira O, Shelton T, Shen C, Shen H, Shepherd R, Shi R, Spellman PT, Shi Y, Shiah YJ, Shibata T, Shih J, Shimizu E, Shimizu K, Shin SJ, Shiraishi Y, Shmaya T, Shmulevich I, Wedge DC, Shorser SI, Short 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Author Correction: The evolutionary history of 2,658 cancers. Nature 2023; 614:E42. [PMID: 36697833 PMCID: PMC9931577 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05601-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Gerstung
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Cambridge, UK. .,European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Clemency Jolly
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Ignaty Leshchiner
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Stefan C. Dentro
- grid.10306.340000 0004 0606 5382Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK ,grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK ,grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Santiago Gonzalez
- grid.225360.00000 0000 9709 7726European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel Rosebrock
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Thomas J. Mitchell
- grid.10306.340000 0004 0606 5382Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK ,grid.5335.00000000121885934University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yulia Rubanova
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada ,grid.494618.6Vector Institute, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Pavana Anur
- grid.5288.70000 0000 9758 5690Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
| | - Kaixian Yu
- grid.240145.60000 0001 2291 4776The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Maxime Tarabichi
- grid.10306.340000 0004 0606 5382Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK ,grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Amit Deshwar
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada ,grid.494618.6Vector Institute, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Jeff Wintersinger
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada ,grid.494618.6Vector Institute, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Kortine Kleinheinz
- grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ignacio Vázquez-García
- grid.10306.340000 0004 0606 5382Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK ,grid.5335.00000000121885934University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kerstin Haase
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Lara Jerman
- grid.225360.00000 0000 9709 7726European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Cambridge, UK ,grid.8954.00000 0001 0721 6013University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Subhajit Sengupta
- grid.240372.00000 0004 0400 4439NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL USA
| | - Geoff Macintyre
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Salem Malikic
- grid.61971.380000 0004 1936 7494Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia Canada ,grid.412541.70000 0001 0684 7796Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia Canada
| | - Nilgun Donmez
- grid.61971.380000 0004 1936 7494Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia Canada ,grid.412541.70000 0001 0684 7796Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia Canada
| | - Dimitri G. Livitz
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Marek Cmero
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XUniversity of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria Australia ,grid.1042.70000 0004 0432 4889Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - Jonas Demeulemeester
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK ,grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steven Schumacher
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Yu Fan
- grid.240145.60000 0001 2291 4776The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Xiaotong Yao
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XWeill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY USA ,grid.429884.b0000 0004 1791 0895New York Genome Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Juhee Lee
- grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - Matthias Schlesner
- grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paul C. Boutros
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada ,grid.419890.d0000 0004 0626 690XOntario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario Canada ,grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - David D. Bowtell
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - Hongtu Zhu
- grid.240145.60000 0001 2291 4776The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Gad Getz
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA USA ,grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Marcin Imielinski
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XWeill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY USA ,grid.429884.b0000 0004 1791 0895New York Genome Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Rameen Beroukhim
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.65499.370000 0001 2106 9910Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - S. Cenk Sahinalp
- grid.412541.70000 0001 0684 7796Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia Canada ,grid.411377.70000 0001 0790 959XIndiana University, Bloomington, IN USA
| | - Yuan Ji
- grid.240372.00000 0004 0400 4439NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL USA ,grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Martin Peifer
- grid.6190.e0000 0000 8580 3777University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Florian Markowetz
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ville Mustonen
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ke Yuan
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,grid.8756.c0000 0001 2193 314XUniversity of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Wenyi Wang
- grid.240145.60000 0001 2291 4776The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Quaid D. Morris
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada ,grid.494618.6Vector Institute, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | | | - Paul T. Spellman
- grid.5288.70000 0000 9758 5690Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
| | - David C. Wedge
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK ,grid.454382.c0000 0004 7871 7212Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Peter Van Loo
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK. .,University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Calabrese C, Davidson NR, Demircioğlu D, Fonseca NA, He Y, Kahles A, Lehmann KV, Liu F, Shiraishi Y, Soulette CM, Urban L, Greger L, Li S, Liu D, Perry MD, Xiang Q, Zhang F, Zhang J, Bailey P, Erkek S, Hoadley KA, Hou Y, Huska MR, Kilpinen H, Korbel JO, Marin MG, Markowski J, Nandi T, Pan-Hammarström Q, Pedamallu CS, Siebert R, Stark SG, Su H, Tan P, Waszak SM, Yung C, Zhu S, Awadalla P, Creighton CJ, Meyerson M, Ouellette BFF, Wu K, Yang H, Brazma A, Brooks AN, Göke J, Rätsch G, Schwarz RF, Stegle O, Zhang Z, Wu K, Yang H, Fonseca NA, Kahles A, Lehmann KV, Urban L, Soulette CM, Shiraishi Y, Liu F, He Y, Demircioğlu D, Davidson NR, Calabrese C, Zhang J, Perry MD, Xiang Q, Greger L, Li S, Liu D, Stark SG, Zhang F, Amin SB, Bailey P, Chateigner A, Cortés-Ciriano I, Craft B, Erkek S, Frenkel-Morgenstern M, Goldman M, Hoadley KA, Hou Y, Huska MR, Khurana E, Kilpinen H, Korbel JO, Lamaze FC, Li C, Li X, Li X, Liu X, Marin MG, Markowski J, Nandi T, Nielsen MM, Ojesina AI, Pan-Hammarström Q, Park PJ, Pedamallu CS, Pedersen JS, Pederzoli P, Peifer M, Pennell NA, Perou CM, Perry MD, Petersen GM, Peto M, Petrelli N, Pedamallu CS, Petryszak R, Pfister SM, Phillips M, Pich O, Pickett HA, Pihl TD, Pillay N, Pinder S, Pinese M, Pinho AV, Pedersen JS, Pitkänen E, Pivot X, Piñeiro-Yáñez E, Planko L, Plass C, Polak P, Pons T, Popescu I, Potapova O, Prasad A, Siebert R, Preston SR, Prinz M, Pritchard AL, Prokopec SD, Provenzano E, Puente XS, Puig S, Puiggròs M, Pulido-Tamayo S, Pupo GM, Su H, Purdie CA, Quinn MC, Rabionet R, Rader JS, Radlwimmer B, Radovic P, Raeder B, Raine KM, Ramakrishna M, Ramakrishnan K, Tan P, Ramalingam S, Raphael BJ, Rathmell WK, Rausch T, Reifenberger G, Reimand J, Reis-Filho J, Reuter V, Reyes-Salazar I, Reyna MA, Teh BT, Reynolds SM, Rheinbay E, Riazalhosseini Y, Richardson AL, Richter J, Ringel M, Ringnér M, Rino Y, Rippe K, Roach J, Wang J, Roberts LR, Roberts ND, Roberts SA, Robertson AG, Robertson AJ, Rodriguez JB, Rodriguez-Martin B, Rodríguez-González FG, Roehrl MHA, Rohde M, Waszak SM, Rokutan H, Romieu G, Rooman I, Roques T, Rosebrock D, Rosenberg M, Rosenstiel PC, Rosenwald A, Rowe EW, Royo R, Xiong H, Rozen SG, Rubanova Y, Rubin MA, Rubio-Perez C, Rudneva VA, Rusev BC, Ruzzenente A, Rätsch G, Sabarinathan R, Sabelnykova VY, Yakneen S, Sadeghi S, Sahinalp SC, Saini N, Saito-Adachi M, Saksena G, Salcedo A, Salgado R, Salichos L, Sallari R, Saller C, Ye C, Salvia R, Sam M, Samra JS, Sanchez-Vega F, Sander C, Sanders G, Sarin R, Sarrafi I, Sasaki-Oku A, Sauer T, Yung C, Sauter G, Saw RPM, Scardoni M, Scarlett CJ, Scarpa A, Scelo G, Schadendorf D, Schein JE, Schilhabel MB, Schlesner M, Zhang X, Schlomm T, Schmidt HK, Schramm SJ, Schreiber S, Schultz N, Schumacher SE, Schwarz RF, Scolyer RA, Scott D, Scully R, Zheng L, Seethala R, Segre AV, Selander I, Semple CA, Senbabaoglu Y, Sengupta S, Sereni E, Serra S, Sgroi DC, Shackleton M, Zhu J, Shah NC, Shahabi S, Shang CA, Shang P, Shapira O, Shelton T, Shen C, Shen H, Shepherd R, Shi R, Zhu S, Shi Y, Shiah YJ, Shibata T, Shih J, Shimizu E, Shimizu K, Shin SJ, Shiraishi Y, Shmaya T, Shmulevich I, Awadalla P, Shorser SI, Short C, Shrestha R, Shringarpure SS, Shriver C, Shuai S, Sidiropoulos N, Siebert R, Sieuwerts AM, Sieverling L, Creighton CJ, Signoretti S, Sikora KO, Simbolo M, Simon R, Simons JV, Simpson JT, Simpson PT, Singer S, Sinnott-Armstrong N, Sipahimalani P, Meyerson M, Skelly TJ, Smid M, Smith J, Smith-McCune K, Socci ND, Sofia HJ, Soloway MG, Song L, Sood AK, Sothi S, Ouellette BFF, Sotiriou C, Soulette CM, Span PN, Spellman PT, Sperandio N, Spillane AJ, Spiro O, Spring J, Staaf J, Stadler PF, Wu K, Staib P, Stark SG, Stebbings L, Stefánsson ÓA, Stegle O, Stein LD, Stenhouse A, Stewart C, Stilgenbauer S, Stobbe MD, Yang H, Stratton MR, Stretch JR, Struck AJ, Stuart JM, Stunnenberg HG, Su H, Su X, Sun RX, Sungalee S, Susak H, Göke J, Suzuki A, Sweep F, Szczepanowski M, Sültmann H, Yugawa T, Tam A, Tamborero D, Tan BKT, Tan D, Tan P, Schwarz RF, Tanaka H, Taniguchi H, Tanskanen TJ, Tarabichi M, Tarnuzzer R, Tarpey P, Taschuk ML, Tatsuno K, Tavaré S, Taylor DF, Stegle O, Taylor-Weiner A, Teague JW, Teh BT, Tembe V, Temes J, Thai K, Thayer SP, Thiessen N, Thomas G, Thomas S, Zhang Z, Thompson A, Thompson AM, Thompson JFF, Thompson RH, Thorne H, Thorne LB, Thorogood A, Tiao G, Tijanic N, Timms LE, Brazma A, Tirabosco R, Tojo M, Tommasi S, Toon CW, Toprak UH, Torrents D, Tortora G, Tost J, Totoki Y, Townend D, Rätsch G, Traficante N, Treilleux I, Trotta JR, Trümper LHP, Tsao M, Tsunoda T, Tubio JMC, Tucker O, Turkington R, Turner DJ, Brooks AN, Tutt A, Ueno M, Ueno NT, Umbricht C, Umer HM, Underwood TJ, Urban L, Urushidate T, Ushiku T, Uusküla-Reimand L, Brazma A, Valencia A, Van Den Berg DJ, Van Laere S, Van Loo P, Van Meir EG, Van den Eynden GG, Van der Kwast T, Vasudev N, Vazquez M, Vedururu R, Brooks AN, Veluvolu U, Vembu S, Verbeke LPC, Vermeulen P, Verrill C, Viari A, Vicente D, Vicentini C, VijayRaghavan K, Viksna J, Göke J, Vilain RE, Villasante I, Vincent-Salomon A, Visakorpi T, Voet D, Vyas P, Vázquez-García I, Waddell NM, Waddell N, Wadelius C, Rätsch G, Wadi L, Wagener R, Wala JA, Wang J, Wang J, Wang L, Wang Q, Wang W, Wang Y, Wang Z, Schwarz RF, Waring PM, Warnatz HJ, Warrell J, Warren AY, Waszak SM, Wedge DC, Weichenhan D, Weinberger P, Weinstein JN, Weischenfeldt J, Stegle O, Weisenberger DJ, Welch I, Wendl MC, Werner J, Whalley JP, Wheeler DA, Whitaker HC, Wigle D, Wilkerson MD, Williams A, Zhang Z, Wilmott JS, Wilson GW, Wilson JM, Wilson RK, Winterhoff B, Wintersinger JA, Wiznerowicz M, Wolf S, Wong BH, Wong T, Aaltonen LA, Wong W, Woo Y, Wood S, Wouters BG, Wright AJ, Wright DW, Wright MH, Wu CL, Wu DY, Wu G, Abascal F, Wu J, Wu K, Wu Y, Wu Z, Xi L, Xia T, Xiang Q, Xiao X, Xing R, Xiong H, Abeshouse A, Xu Q, Xu Y, Xue H, Yachida S, Yakneen S, Yamaguchi R, Yamaguchi TN, Yamamoto M, Yamamoto S, Yamaue H, Aburatani H, Yang F, Yang H, Yang JY, Yang L, Yang L, Yang S, Yang TP, Yang Y, Yao X, Yaspo ML, Adams DJ, Yates L, Yau C, Ye C, Ye K, Yellapantula VD, Yoon CJ, Yoon SS, Yousif F, Yu J, Yu K, Agrawal N, Yu W, Yu Y, Yuan K, Yuan Y, Yuen D, Yung CK, Zaikova O, Zamora J, Zapatka M, Zenklusen JC, Ahn KS, Zenz T, Zeps N, Zhang CZ, Zhang F, Zhang H, Zhang H, Zhang H, Zhang J, Zhang J, Zhang J, Ahn SM, Zhang X, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Zhao Z, Zheng L, Zheng X, Zhou W, Zhou Y, Zhu B, Aikata H, Zhu H, Zhu J, Zhu S, Zou L, Zou X, deFazio A, van As N, van Deurzen CHM, van de Vijver MJ, van’t Veer L, Akbani R, von Mering C, Akdemir KC, Al-Ahmadie H, Al-Sedairy ST, Al-Shahrour F, Alawi M, Albert M, Aldape K, Alexandrov LB, Ally A, Alsop K, Alvarez EG, Amary F, Amin SB, Aminou B, Ammerpohl O, Anderson MJ, Ang Y, Antonello D, Anur P, Aparicio S, Appelbaum EL, Arai Y, Aretz A, Arihiro K, Ariizumi SI, Armenia J, Arnould L, Asa S, Assenov Y, Atwal G, Aukema S, Auman JT, Aure MRR, Awadalla P, Aymerich M, Bader GD, Baez-Ortega A, Bailey MH, Bailey PJ, Balasundaram M, Balu S, Bandopadhayay P, Banks RE, Barbi S, Barbour AP, Barenboim J, Barnholtz-Sloan J, Barr H, Barrera E, Bartlett J, Bartolome J, Bassi C, Bathe OF, Baumhoer D, Bavi P, Baylin SB, Bazant W, Beardsmore D, Beck TA, Behjati S, Behren A, Niu B, Bell C, Beltran S, Benz C, Berchuck A, Bergmann AK, Bergstrom EN, Berman BP, Berney DM, Bernhart SH, Beroukhim R, Berrios M, Bersani S, Bertl J, Betancourt M, Bhandari V, Bhosle SG, Biankin AV, Bieg M, Bigner D, Binder H, Birney E, Birrer M, Biswas NK, Bjerkehagen B, Bodenheimer T, Boice L, Bonizzato G, De Bono JS, Boot A, Bootwalla MS, Borg A, Borkhardt A, Boroevich KA, Borozan I, Borst C, Bosenberg M, Bosio M, Boultwood J, Bourque G, Boutros PC, Bova GS, Bowen DT, Bowlby R, Bowtell DDL, Boyault S, Boyce R, Boyd J, Brazma A, Brennan P, Brewer DS, Brinkman AB, Bristow RG, Broaddus RR, Brock JE, Brock M, Broeks A, Brooks AN, Brooks D, Brors B, Brunak S, Bruxner TJC, Bruzos AL, Buchanan A, Buchhalter I, Buchholz C, Bullman S, Burke H, Burkhardt B, Burns KH, Busanovich J, Bustamante CD, Butler AP, Butte AJ, Byrne NJ, Børresen-Dale AL, Caesar-Johnson SJ, Cafferkey A, Cahill D, Calabrese C, Caldas C, Calvo F, Camacho N, Campbell PJ, Campo E, Cantù C, Cao S, Carey TE, Carlevaro-Fita J, Carlsen R, Cataldo I, Cazzola M, Cebon J, Cerfolio R, Chadwick DE, Chakravarty D, Chalmers D, Chan CWY, Chan K, Chan-Seng-Yue M, Chandan VS, Chang DK, Chanock SJ, Chantrill LA, Chateigner A, Chatterjee N, Chayama K, Chen HW, Chen J, Chen K, Chen Y, Chen Z, Cherniack AD, Chien J, Chiew YE, Chin SF, Cho J, Cho S, Choi JK, Choi W, Chomienne C, Chong Z, Choo SP, Chou A, Christ AN, Christie EL, Chuah E, Cibulskis C, Cibulskis K, Cingarlini S, Clapham P, Claviez A, Cleary S, Cloonan N, Cmero M, Collins CC, Connor AA, Cooke SL, Cooper CS, Cope L, Corbo V, Cordes MG, Cordner SM, Cortés-Ciriano I, Covington K, Cowin PA, Craft B, Craft D, Creighton CJ, Cun Y, Curley E, Cutcutache I, Czajka K, Czerniak B, Dagg RA, Danilova L, Davi MV, Davidson NR, Davies H, Davis IJ, 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Author Correction: Genomic basis for RNA alterations in cancer. Nature 2023; 614:E37. [PMID: 36697831 PMCID: PMC9931574 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05596-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudia Calabrese
- grid.225360.00000 0000 9709 7726European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Natalie R. Davidson
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,grid.51462.340000 0001 2171 9952Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA ,grid.5386.8000000041936877XWeill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY USA ,grid.419765.80000 0001 2223 3006SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland ,grid.412004.30000 0004 0478 9977University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Deniz Demircioğlu
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.418377.e0000 0004 0620 715XGenome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nuno A. Fonseca
- grid.225360.00000 0000 9709 7726European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Yao He
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - André Kahles
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,grid.51462.340000 0001 2171 9952Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA ,grid.419765.80000 0001 2223 3006SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland ,grid.412004.30000 0004 0478 9977University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kjong-Van Lehmann
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,grid.51462.340000 0001 2171 9952Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA ,grid.419765.80000 0001 2223 3006SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland ,grid.412004.30000 0004 0478 9977University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fenglin Liu
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuichi Shiraishi
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XThe University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Cameron M. Soulette
- grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - Lara Urban
- grid.225360.00000 0000 9709 7726European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Liliana Greger
- grid.225360.00000 0000 9709 7726European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Siliang Li
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China ,grid.507779.b0000 0004 4910 5858China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dongbing Liu
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China ,grid.507779.b0000 0004 4910 5858China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Marc D. Perry
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Qian Xiang
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fan Zhang
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Junjun Zhang
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Bailey
- grid.8756.c0000 0001 2193 314XUniversity of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Serap Erkek
- grid.4709.a0000 0004 0495 846XEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katherine A. Hoadley
- grid.10698.360000000122483208The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Yong Hou
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China ,grid.507779.b0000 0004 4910 5858China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Matthew R. Huska
- grid.419491.00000 0001 1014 0849Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Helena Kilpinen
- grid.83440.3b0000000121901201University College London, London, UK
| | - Jan O. Korbel
- grid.4709.a0000 0004 0495 846XEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maximillian G. Marin
- grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - Julia Markowski
- grid.419491.00000 0001 1014 0849Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tannistha Nandi
- grid.418377.e0000 0004 0620 715XGenome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qiang Pan-Hammarström
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China ,grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chandra Sekhar Pedamallu
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.65499.370000 0001 2106 9910Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Reiner Siebert
- grid.410712.10000 0004 0473 882XUlm University and Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Stefan G. Stark
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,grid.51462.340000 0001 2171 9952Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA ,grid.419765.80000 0001 2223 3006SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland ,grid.412004.30000 0004 0478 9977University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hong Su
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China ,grid.507779.b0000 0004 4910 5858China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Patrick Tan
- grid.418377.e0000 0004 0620 715XGenome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.428397.30000 0004 0385 0924Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sebastian M. Waszak
- grid.4709.a0000 0004 0495 846XEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christina Yung
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shida Zhu
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China ,grid.507779.b0000 0004 4910 5858China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Philip Awadalla
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Chad J. Creighton
- grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XBaylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Matthew Meyerson
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.65499.370000 0001 2106 9910Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | | | - Kui Wu
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China ,grid.507779.b0000 0004 4910 5858China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huanming Yang
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Alvis Brazma
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK.
| | - Angela N. Brooks
- grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA USA ,grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.65499.370000 0001 2106 9910Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - Jonathan Göke
- grid.418377.e0000 0004 0620 715XGenome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gunnar Rätsch
- ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA. .,SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland. .,University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Roland F. Schwarz
- grid.225360.00000 0000 9709 7726European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK ,grid.419491.00000 0001 1014 0849Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany ,grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Berlin, Germany ,grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Stegle
- grid.225360.00000 0000 9709 7726European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK ,grid.4709.a0000 0004 0495 846XEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zemin Zhang
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Peking University, Beijing, China
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 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14
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Geyer M, Gaul LM, D`Agosto SL, Corbo V, Queiroz K. The tumor stroma influences immune cell distribution and recruitment in a PDAC-on-a-chip model. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1155085. [PMID: 37205118 PMCID: PMC10185841 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1155085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The dense tumor stroma of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and its secreted immune active molecules provide a barrier for chemotherapy treatment as well as for immune cell infiltration to the tumor core, providing a challenge for immunotherapeutic strategies. Consequently, the investigation of processes underlying the interaction between the tumor stroma, particularly activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs), and immune cells may offer new therapeutic approaches for PDAC treatment. In this study, we established a 3D PDAC model cultured under flow, consisting of an endothelial tube, PSCs and PDAC organoids. This was applied to study the role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) on immune cell recruitment and its effect on partly preventing their interaction with pancreatic cancer cells. We observed that stromal cells form a physical barrier, partly shielding the cancer cells from migrating immune cells, as well as a biochemical microenvironment, that seems to attract and influence immune cell distribution. In addition, stromal targeting by Halofuginone led to an increase in immune cell infiltration. We propose that the here developed model setups will support the understanding of the cellular interplay influencing the recruitment and distribution of immune cells, and contribute to the identification of key players in the PDAC immunosuppressive TME as well as support the discovery of new strategies to treat this immune unresponsive tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Karla Queiroz
- Mimetas B.V., Oegstgeest, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Karla Queiroz,
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15
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Geyer M, D’Agosto S, Lanz H, Corbo V, Joore J, Queiroz K. 236P A novel microfluidic platform for understanding the role of PDAC stroma in immune response. Immuno-Oncology and Technology 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.iotech.2022.100347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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16
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Casolino R, Corbo V, Beer P, Hwang CI, Paiella S, Silvestri V, Ottini L, Biankin AV. Germline Aberrations in Pancreatic Cancer: Implications for Clinical Care. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3239. [PMID: 35805011 PMCID: PMC9265115 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has an extremely poor prognosis and represents a major public health issue, as both its incidence and mortality are expecting to increase steeply over the next years. Effective screening strategies are lacking, and most patients are diagnosed with unresectable disease precluding the only chance of cure. Therapeutic options for advanced disease are limited, and the treatment paradigm is still based on chemotherapy, with a few rare exceptions to targeted therapies. Germline variants in cancer susceptibility genes-particularly those involved in mechanisms of DNA repair-are emerging as promising targets for PDAC treatment and prevention. Hereditary PDAC is part of the spectrum of several syndromic disorders, and germline testing of PDAC patients has relevant implications for broad cancer prevention. Germline aberrations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are predictive biomarkers of response to poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor olaparib and platinum-based chemotherapy in PDAC, while mutations in mismatch repair genes identify patients suitable for immune checkpoint inhibitors. This review provides a timely and comprehensive overview of germline aberrations in PDAC and their implications for clinical care. It also discusses the need for optimal approaches to better select patients for PARP inhibitor therapy, novel therapeutic opportunities under clinical investigation, and preclinical models for cancer susceptibility and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Casolino
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK; (P.B.); (A.V.B.)
- Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow G12 0YN, UK
- NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow G4 0SF, UK
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Philip Beer
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK; (P.B.); (A.V.B.)
| | - Chang-il Hwang
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, College of Biological Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Salvatore Paiella
- General and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Pancreas Institute, University of Verona Hospital Trust, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Valentina Silvestri
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (V.S.); (L.O.)
| | - Laura Ottini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (V.S.); (L.O.)
| | - Andrew V. Biankin
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK; (P.B.); (A.V.B.)
- West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
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17
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Geyer M, D'Agosto S, Lanz H, Corbo V, Joore J, Queiroz KS. Abstract 3857: A novel microfluidic platform for understanding the role of PDAC stroma in immune response. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-3857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the most common pancreatic cancer type is estimated to become the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths by 2030 with mortality rates of up to 93%. PDAC is characterized by high-density stroma and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment that lead to a lack of efficacy of immunotherapeutic strategies. Those facts highlight the urgent need for more relevant PDAC in vitro models that support the discovery of novel (immuno-)therapies. Here, we describe the establishment of a multiple cell type culture in a microfluidic platform that will be applied for modeling immune and stroma cell interplay in PDAC. Microfluidic platforms such as the OrganoPlate® support 3D growth and inclusion of different cell types cultured under flow conditions. The aim of this project was to determine the involvement of stromal cells such as endothelial cells and pancreatic stellate cells in immune cell recruitment in pancreatic cancer. In order to generate a more relevant culture set up, supporting cells and PDAC organoids were used in the 3-lane OrganoPlate® to study immune cell recruitment. Migration of fluorescently labelled peripheral blood mononuclear cells from vasculature through the stromal compartment to the PDAC organoids was tracked for 72h using confocal microscopy. Migration of immune cells to the tumor cell compartment was significantly inhibited by the stromal compartment, thus confirming in vivo immune responses, as the stroma seems to form both a physical as well as a chemical barrier for immune cells to reach the active tumor site. Interestingly, PDAC organoid conditioned medium efficiently attracts immune cells into the tumor compartment, indicating that secreted factors play a relevant role in immune cell recruitment. Despite the positive effect on recruitment and immune-tumor cell interaction, a lack of tumor cell killing is observed. The co-culture of PDAC organoids with stromal and immune cells grown on-a-Chip as described in this study indicates the suitability of microfluidic platforms for generating complex models and its use for dissecting complex cellular interplay and processes involved in the lack of anti-tumor immune responses in PDAC.
Citation Format: Marlene Geyer, Sabrina D'Agosto, Henriëtte Lanz, Vincenzo Corbo, Jos Joore, Karla S. Queiroz. A novel microfluidic platform for understanding the role of PDAC stroma in immune response [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 3857.
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18
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Tortora G, Piro G, Carbone C, Agostini A, Esposito A, DePizzol M, Novelli R, Gavioli EM, Allegretti M, Aramini A, Caggiano A, Granitto A, De Sanctis F, Ugel S, Corbo V, Martini M, Lawlor RT, Scarpa A. The role of CXCR1/2 dual inhibitor ladarixin on tumor burden and immunotherapy response in pancreatic cancer. J Clin Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.e16304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e16304 Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal malignancies for which few effective pharmacological treatments are currently available. Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of several solid tumors, yet the results obtained in PDAC have been disappointing. Although PDAC is generally considered an immune “cold” cancer, different PDAC subtypes have diverse immune tissue microenvironment (TME) components, including tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), that might differentially influence immunotherapy responsiveness and patient survival. TAM population is plastic, switching rapidly from a pro- to an anti-tumoral behaviour, based on specific cytokines in TME. A role for the chemokines/CXCR axis in inducing M1 polarization has been proposed in several tumors, and, consequently, the potential advantage of combining CXCR inhibitors with immune check-point inhibitors. Here, we evaluated the effectiveness of the CXCR1/2 inhibitor ladarixin, alone or in combination with anti-PD-1, on immune tolerance against PDAC and on tumor growth. Methods: A set of preclinical models were obtained by engrafting mouse PDAC-derived cell lines into the pancreas of recipient syngeneic immune-competent mice, as well as by orthotopically transplanting patient derived PDAC tumor into human immune system reconstituted (HIR) mice (Hu-NSG-CD34+). Tumor bearing mice were randomly assigned to receive vehicles, ladarixin, and anti-PD-1 alone or in combination with ladarixin, to evaluate the effect of treatment on tumor growth and mice survival. This work is supported by AIRC and Italian Ministry of Health grants. Results: CXCR1/2 inhibition by ladarixin reverted in vitro tumor-mediated M2 polarization and migration of Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages. Ladarixin as a single agent significantly reduced tumor burden in cancer derived graft (CDG) models with high-immunogenic potential and significantly increased the efficacy of ICI in non-immunogenic CDG models that did not respond to anti-PD-1 treatment. In a HIR mouse model bearing the immunogenic subtype of human PDAC, ladarixin showed high efficacy as a single agent and the ability to increase the antitumor effects of anti-PD-1 with a statistically significant reduction of tumor volume compared to control and to single treatments (ctr vs lad, p = 0.0077; ctr vs comb, p = 0.0098; lad vs comb: 0.002; anti-PD-1 vs comb, p = 0.036). Moreover, ladarixin both as monotherapy and in combination setting increased survival (median survival: ctr 49.5 vs lad 74.5 days, p = 0.044; ctr 49.5 vs comb 150 days, p = 0.0108; anti-PD-1 57 vs comb 150 days, p = 0.046; lad 74.5 vs comb 150 days, p = 0.047). Conclusions: Ladarixin in combination with anti-PD-1 might represent an effective approach for the treatment of PDAC, converting a protumoral into an immunopermissive microenvironment in PDAC subtypes usually refractory to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giampaolo Tortora
- Oncologia Medica, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli–IRCCS, Rome, Italy Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Geny Piro
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmine Carbone
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Agostini
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alessia Caggiano
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Granitto
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Anatomical Pathology and ARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maurizio Martini
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Rita Teresa Lawlor
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy, Verona, Italy
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19
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Hackeng WM, Brosens LAA, Kim JY, O'Sullivan R, Sung YN, Liu TC, Cao D, Heayn M, Brosnan-Cashman J, An S, Morsink FHM, Heidsma CM, Valk GD, Vriens MR, Nieveen van Dijkum E, Offerhaus GJA, Dreijerink KMA, Zeh H, Zureikat AH, Hogg M, Lee K, Geller D, Marsh JW, Paniccia A, Ongchin M, Pingpank JF, Bahary N, Aijazi M, Brand R, Chennat J, Das R, Fasanella KE, Khalid A, McGrath K, Sarkaria S, Singh H, Slivka A, Nalesnik M, Han X, Nikiforova MN, Lawlor RT, Mafficini A, Rusev B, Corbo V, Luchini C, Bersani S, Pea A, Cingarlini S, Landoni L, Salvia R, Milione M, Milella M, Scarpa A, Hong SM, Heaphy CM, Singhi AD. Non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours: ATRX/DAXX and alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) are prognostically independent from ARX/PDX1 expression and tumour size. Gut 2022; 71:961-973. [PMID: 33849943 PMCID: PMC8511349 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent studies have found aristaless-related homeobox gene (ARX)/pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1), alpha-thalassemia/mental retardation X-linked (ATRX)/death domain-associated protein (DAXX) and alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) to be promising prognostic biomarkers for non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (NF-PanNETs). However, they have not been comprehensively evaluated, especially among small NF-PanNETs (≤2.0 cm). Moreover, their status in neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) from other sites remains unknown. DESIGN An international cohort of 1322 NETs was evaluated by immunolabelling for ARX/PDX1 and ATRX/DAXX, and telomere-specific fluorescence in situ hybridisation for ALT. This cohort included 561 primary NF-PanNETs, 107 NF-PanNET metastases and 654 primary, non-pancreatic non-functional NETs and NET metastases. The results were correlated with numerous clinicopathological features including relapse-free survival (RFS). RESULTS ATRX/DAXX loss and ALT were associated with several adverse prognostic findings and distant metastasis/recurrence (p<0.001). The 5-year RFS rates for patients with ATRX/DAXX-negative and ALT-positive NF-PanNETs were 40% and 42% as compared with 85% and 86% for wild-type NF-PanNETs (p<0.001 and p<0.001). Shorter 5-year RFS rates for ≤2.0 cm NF-PanNETs patients were also seen with ATRX/DAXX loss (65% vs 92%, p=0.003) and ALT (60% vs 93%, p<0.001). By multivariate analysis, ATRX/DAXX and ALT status were independent prognostic factors for RFS. Conversely, classifying NF-PanNETs by ARX/PDX1 expression did not independently correlate with RFS. Except for 4% of pulmonary carcinoids, ATRX/DAXX loss and ALT were only identified in primary (25% and 29%) and NF-PanNET metastases (62% and 71%). CONCLUSIONS ATRX/DAXX and ALT should be considered in the prognostic evaluation of NF-PanNETs including ≤2.0 cm tumours, and are highly specific for pancreatic origin among NET metastases of unknown primary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzel M Hackeng
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lodewijk A A Brosens
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joo Young Kim
- Department of Pathology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Roderick O'Sullivan
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - You-Na Sung
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ta-Chiang Liu
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St, Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dengfeng Cao
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St, Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michelle Heayn
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Soyeon An
- Department of Pathology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Folkert H M Morsink
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte M Heidsma
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerlof D Valk
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Menno R Vriens
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - G Johan A Offerhaus
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Koen M A Dreijerink
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Herbert Zeh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Amer H Zureikat
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Melissa Hogg
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Kenneth Lee
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David Geller
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - J Wallis Marsh
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Alessandro Paniccia
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Melanie Ongchin
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - James F Pingpank
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nathan Bahary
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Muaz Aijazi
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Randall Brand
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer Chennat
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rohit Das
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kenneth E Fasanella
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Asif Khalid
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kevin McGrath
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Savreet Sarkaria
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Harkirat Singh
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Adam Slivka
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michael Nalesnik
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xiaoli Han
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Marina N Nikiforova
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rita Teresa Lawlor
- ARC-Net Centre for Applied Research on Cancer, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Andrea Mafficini
- ARC-Net Centre for Applied Research on Cancer, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Boris Rusev
- ARC-Net Centre for Applied Research on Cancer, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- ARC-Net Centre for Applied Research on Cancer, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Luchini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- ENETS Center of Excellence, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Samantha Bersani
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Antonio Pea
- The Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sara Cingarlini
- The Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Section of Oncology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Luca Landoni
- ENETS Center of Excellence, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
- The Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Roberto Salvia
- ENETS Center of Excellence, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
- The Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Massimo Milione
- Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Milella
- ENETS Center of Excellence, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Section of Oncology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- ARC-Net Centre for Applied Research on Cancer, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- ENETS Center of Excellence, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Seung-Mo Hong
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Christopher M Heaphy
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Aatur D Singhi
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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20
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Zampieri C, Panatta E, Corbo V, Mauriello A, Melino G, Amelio I. p53 mutations define the chromatin landscape to confer drug tolerance in pancreatic cancer. Mol Oncol 2022; 16:1259-1271. [PMID: 34919788 PMCID: PMC8936522 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic inactivation of p53 (TP53) mainly occurs as missense mutations that lead to the acquisition of neomorphic mutant protein forms. p53 mutants have been postulated to exert gain-of-function (GOF) effects, including promotion of metastasis and drug tolerance, which generally contribute to the acquisition of the lethal phenotype. Here, by integrating a p53R270H -dependent transcriptomic analysis with chromatin accessibility (ATAC-seq) profiling, we shed light on the molecular basis of a p53 mutant-dependent drug-tolerant phenotype in pancreatic cancer. p53R270H finely tunes chromatin accessibility in specific genomic loci, orchestrating a transcriptional programme that participates in phenotypic evolution of the cancer. We specifically focused on the p53R270H -dependent regulation of the tyrosine kinase receptor macrophage-stimulating protein receptor (MST1r). MST1r deregulation substantially impinged on drug response in the experimental model, recapitulating the p53R270H -dependent phenotype, and strongly correlated with p53 mutant and aggressive phenotype in pancreatic cancer patients. As cellular plasticity in the final stages of the evolution of pancreatic cancer seems to predominantly originate from epigenetic mechanisms, we propose that mutant p53 participates in the acquisition of a lethal phenotype by fine-tuning the chromatin landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Zampieri
- Department of Experimental MedicineTOR, University of Rome Tor VergataRomeItaly
| | - Emanuele Panatta
- Department of Experimental MedicineTOR, University of Rome Tor VergataRomeItaly
| | | | | | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental MedicineTOR, University of Rome Tor VergataRomeItaly
| | - Ivano Amelio
- Department of Experimental MedicineTOR, University of Rome Tor VergataRomeItaly
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of NottinghamUK
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21
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De Sanctis F, Lamolinara A, Boschi F, Musiu C, Caligola S, Trovato R, Fiore A, Frusteri C, Anselmi C, Poffe O, Cestari T, Canè S, Sartoris S, Giugno R, Del Rosario G, Zappacosta B, Del Pizzo F, Fassan M, Dugnani E, Piemonti L, Bottani E, Decimo I, Paiella S, Salvia R, Lawlor RT, Corbo V, Park Y, Tuveson DA, Bassi C, Scarpa A, Iezzi M, Ugel S, Bronte V. Interrupting the nitrosative stress fuels tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in pancreatic cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2021-003549. [PMID: 35022194 PMCID: PMC8756272 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-003549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest tumors owing to its robust desmoplasia, low immunogenicity, and recruitment of cancer-conditioned, immunoregulatory myeloid cells. These features strongly limit the success of immunotherapy as a single agent, thereby suggesting the need for the development of a multitargeted approach. The goal is to foster T lymphocyte infiltration within the tumor landscape and neutralize cancer-triggered immune suppression, to enhance the therapeutic effectiveness of immune-based treatments, such as anticancer adoptive cell therapy (ACT). Methods We examined the contribution of immunosuppressive myeloid cells expressing arginase 1 and nitric oxide synthase 2 in building up a reactive nitrogen species (RNS)-dependent chemical barrier and shaping the PDAC immune landscape. We examined the impact of pharmacological RNS interference on overcoming the recruitment and immunosuppressive activity of tumor-expanded myeloid cells, which render pancreatic cancers resistant to immunotherapy. Results PDAC progression is marked by a stepwise infiltration of myeloid cells, which enforces a highly immunosuppressive microenvironment through the uncontrolled metabolism of L-arginine by arginase 1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase activity, resulting in the production of large amounts of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. The extensive accumulation of myeloid suppressing cells and nitrated tyrosines (nitrotyrosine, N-Ty) establishes an RNS-dependent chemical barrier that impairs tumor infiltration by T lymphocytes and restricts the efficacy of adoptive immunotherapy. A pharmacological treatment with AT38 ([3-(aminocarbonyl)furoxan-4-yl]methyl salicylate) reprograms the tumor microenvironment from protumoral to antitumoral, which supports T lymphocyte entrance within the tumor core and aids the efficacy of ACT with telomerase-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Conclusions Tumor microenvironment reprogramming by ablating aberrant RNS production bypasses the current limits of immunotherapy in PDAC by overcoming immune resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco De Sanctis
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessia Lamolinara
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies and Technnology (CAST), G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Federico Boschi
- Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Chiara Musiu
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Simone Caligola
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Rosalinda Trovato
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fiore
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Cristina Frusteri
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Cristina Anselmi
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Ornella Poffe
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Tiziana Cestari
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefania Canè
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Silvia Sartoris
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Rosalba Giugno
- Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | - Francesco Del Pizzo
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies and Technnology (CAST), G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padova, Italy.,Veneto Institute of Oncology-Institute for Hospitalization and Care Scientific, Padova, Italy
| | - Erica Dugnani
- Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Research Centre, Milano, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Research Centre, Milano, Italy.,School of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy
| | - Emanuela Bottani
- Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, Section of Pharmacology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Ilaria Decimo
- Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, Section of Pharmacology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Salvatore Paiella
- General and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Roberto Salvia
- General and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Corbo
- ARC-NET, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Youngkyu Park
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA.,Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Lustgarten Foundation, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA
| | - David A Tuveson
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA.,Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Lustgarten Foundation, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA
| | - Claudio Bassi
- General and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- ARC-NET, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Manuela Iezzi
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies and Technnology (CAST), G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefano Ugel
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bronte
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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22
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D’Agosto S, Pezzini F, Veghini L, Delfino P, Fiorini C, Temgue Tane GD, Del Curatolo A, Vicentini C, Ferrari G, Pasini D, Andreani S, Lupo F, Fiorini E, Lorenzon G, Lawlor RT, Rusev B, Malinova A, Luchini C, Milella M, Sereni E, Pea A, Bassi C, Bailey P, Scarpa A, Bria E, Corbo V. Loss of FGFR4 promotes the malignant phenotype of PDAC. Oncogene 2022; 41:4371-4384. [PMID: 35963908 PMCID: PMC9481460 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02432-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptomic analyses of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have identified two major epithelial subtypes with distinct biology and clinical behaviours. Here, we aimed to clarify the role of FGFR1 and FGFR4 in the definition of aggressive PDAC phenotypes. We found that the expression of FGFR4 is exclusively detected in epithelial cells, significantly elevated in the classical PDAC subtype, and associates with better outcomes. In highly aggressive basal-like/squamous PDAC, reduced FGFR4 expression aligns with hypermethylation of the gene and lower levels of histone marks associated with active transcription in its regulatory regions. Conversely, FGFR1 has more promiscuous expression in both normal and malignant pancreatic tissues and is strongly associated with the EMT phenotype but not with the basal-like cell lineage. Regardless of the genetic background, the increased proliferation of FGFR4-depleted PDAC cells correlates with hyperactivation of the mTORC1 pathway both in vitro and in vivo. Downregulation of FGFR4 in classical cell lines invariably leads to the enrichment of basal-like/squamous gene programs and is associated with either partial or full switch of phenotype. In sum, we show that endogenous levels of FGFR4 limit the malignant phenotype of PDAC cells. Finally, we propose FGFR4 as a valuable marker for the stratification of PDAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina D’Agosto
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XDepartment of Diagnostics and Public Health, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy ,grid.510779.d0000 0004 9414 6915Present Address: Human Technopole, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Pezzini
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XDepartment of Diagnostics and Public Health, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Lisa Veghini
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XDepartment of Diagnostics and Public Health, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Pietro Delfino
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XDepartment of Diagnostics and Public Health, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudia Fiorini
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XDepartment of Diagnostics and Public Health, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gael D. Temgue Tane
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XDepartment of Diagnostics and Public Health, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Anais Del Curatolo
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Caterina Vicentini
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giorgia Ferrari
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XDepartment of Diagnostics and Public Health, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Davide Pasini
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XDepartment of Diagnostics and Public Health, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Silvia Andreani
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XDepartment of Diagnostics and Public Health, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesca Lupo
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XDepartment of Diagnostics and Public Health, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elena Fiorini
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XDepartment of Diagnostics and Public Health, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giulia Lorenzon
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XDepartment of Diagnostics and Public Health, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Rita T. Lawlor
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Borislav Rusev
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Antonia Malinova
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XDepartment of Diagnostics and Public Health, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Luchini
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XDepartment of Diagnostics and Public Health, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Michele Milella
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XDepartment of Medicine, Section of Oncology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Sereni
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XDepartment of Surgery, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, “Pancreas Institute”, Verona, Italy
| | - Antonio Pea
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XDepartment of Surgery, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, “Pancreas Institute”, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Bassi
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XDepartment of Surgery, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, “Pancreas Institute”, Verona, Italy
| | - Peter Bailey
- grid.8756.c0000 0001 2193 314XInstitute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK ,grid.23636.320000 0000 8821 5196Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Department of General Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XDepartment of Diagnostics and Public Health, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy ,grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Emilio Bria
- grid.411075.60000 0004 1760 4193Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy ,grid.8142.f0000 0001 0941 3192Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XDepartment of Diagnostics and Public Health, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy ,grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
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23
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Mattiolo P, Kryklyva V, Brosens LA, Mafficini A, Lawlor RT, Milella M, Scarpa A, Corbo V, Luchini C. Refining targeted therapeutic approaches in pancreatic cancer: from histology and molecular pathology to the clinic. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2021; 26:1-4. [DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2021397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Mattiolo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Valentyna Kryklyva
- Department of Pathology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lodewijk A. Brosens
- Department of Pathology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Mafficini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
- ARC-Net Research Center, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Rita T. Lawlor
- ARC-Net Research Center, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Michele Milella
- Department of Medicine, Section of Oncology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
- ARC-Net Research Center, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Luchini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
- ARC-Net Research Center, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
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24
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Malinova A, Veghini L, Real FX, Corbo V. Cell Lineage Infidelity in PDAC Progression and Therapy Resistance. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:795251. [PMID: 34926472 PMCID: PMC8675127 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.795251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Infidelity to cell fate occurs when differentiated cells lose their original identity and either revert to a more multipotent state or transdifferentiate into a different cell type, either within the same embryonic lineage or in an entirely different one. Whilst in certain circumstances, such as in wound repair, this process is beneficial, it can be hijacked by cancer cells to drive disease initiation and progression. Cell phenotype switching has been shown to also serve as a mechanism of drug resistance in some epithelial cancers. In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the role of lineage infidelity and phenotype switching is still unclear. Two consensus molecular subtypes of PDAC have been proposed that mainly reflect the existence of cell lineages with different degrees of fidelity to pancreatic endodermal precursors. Indeed, the classical subtype of PDAC is characterised by the expression of endodermal lineage specifying transcription factors, while the more aggressive basal-like/squamous subtype is defined by epigenetic downregulation of endodermal genes and alterations in chromatin modifiers. Here, we summarise the current knowledge of mechanisms (genetic and epigenetic) of cell fate switching in PDAC and discuss how pancreatic organoids might help increase our understanding of both cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic factors governing lineage infidelity during the distinct phases of PDAC evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Malinova
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Lisa Veghini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francisco X. Real
- Epithelial Carcinogenesis Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
- Department de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- ARC-Net Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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25
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Casolino R, Biankin AV, Corbo V, Upadhaya S, Xin YJ, Torroni L, Braconi C, Cappello P, Carbone C, Chang DK, Giovannetti E, Lovisa S, Martini M, Pea A, Piro G, Milella M, Scarpa A, Bassi C, Campbell J. Impact of COVID-19 on Pancreatic Cancer Research and the Path Forward. Gastroenterology 2021; 161:1758-1763. [PMID: 34389342 PMCID: PMC8424064 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.06.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew V Biankin
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK; West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK; South Western Sydney Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Liverpool, Australia.
| | | | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Italy; ARC-Net Research Centre, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Samik Upadhaya
- Anna-Maria Kellen Clinical Accelerator, Cancer Research Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yu Jia Xin
- Anna-Maria Kellen Clinical Accelerator, Cancer Research Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lorena Torroni
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Italy
| | - Chiara Braconi
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK; Beatson West of Scotland Cancer centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - Paola Cappello
- Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Torino, Italy; Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), University of Torino, Italy
| | - Carmine Carbone
- Comprehensive Cancer Center-Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - David K Chang
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK; West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Sara Lovisa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele (MI), Italy; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano (MI), Italy
| | - Miriam Martini
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), University of Torino, Italy
| | - Antonio Pea
- General and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Italy
| | - Geny Piro
- Comprehensive Cancer Center-Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Michele Milella
- Section of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Italy; ARC-Net Research Centre, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Bassi
- General and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Italy
| | - Jay Campbell
- Anna-Maria Kellen Clinical Accelerator, Cancer Research Institute, New York, NY, USA
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26
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Nicosia L, Andreani S, Ruggieri R, Rusev B, Lawlor R, Pea A, Agolli L, Scarpa A, Corbo V, D'Agosto S, Alongi F. Combinatorial Effect of Magnetic Field and Radiotherapy in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Organoids. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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27
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Carbone C, Piro G, Agostini A, Delfino P, De Sanctis F, Nasca V, Spallotta F, Sette C, Martini M, Ugel S, Corbo V, Cappello P, Bria E, Scarpa A, Tortora G. Intratumoral injection of TLR9 agonist promotes an immunopermissive microenvironment transition and causes cooperative antitumor activity in combination with anti-PD1 in pancreatic cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2021-002876. [PMID: 34479922 PMCID: PMC8420705 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-002876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Complex tumor and immune microenvironment render pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) resistant to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Therefore, a strategy to convert the immune hostile into an immunopermissive tumor is required. Recent studies showed that intratumoral injection of Toll-like receptor 9 agonist IMO-2125 primes the adaptive immune response. Phase I and II trials with intratumoral IMO-2125 demonstrated its safety and antitumoral activity. Methods We generated an array of preclinical models by orthotopically engrafting PDAC-derived cell lines in syngeneic mice and categorized them as high, low and no immunogenic potential, based on the ability of tumor to evoke T lymphocyte or NK cell response. To test the antitumor efficacy of IMO-2125 on locally treated and distant sites, we engrafted cancer cells on both flanks of syngeneic mice and treated them with intratumoral IMO-2125 or vehicle, alone or in combination with anti-PD1 ICI. Tumor tissues and systemic immunity were analyzed by transcriptomic, cytofluorimetric and immunohistochemistry analysis. Results We demonstrated that intratumoral IMO-2125 as single agent triggers immune system response to kill local and distant tumors in a selected high immunogenic subtype affecting tumor growth and mice survival. Remarkably, intratumoral IMO-2125 in combination with systemic anti-PD1 causes a potent antitumor effect on primary injected and distant sites also in pancreatic cancer models with low immunogenic potential, preceded by a transition toward an immunopermissive microenvironment, with increase in tumor-infiltrating dendritic and T cells in tumor and lymph nodes. Conclusion We demonstrated a potent antitumor activity of IMO-2125 and anti-PD1 combination in immunotherapy-resistant PDAC models through the modulation of immune microenvironment, providing the rationale to translate this strategy into a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmine Carbone
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Geny Piro
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Antonio Agostini
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Pietro Delfino
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy.,ARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesco De Sanctis
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nasca
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Francesco Spallotta
- Institute for Systems Analysis and Computer Science "A. Ruberti", National Research Council (IASI - CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Sette
- Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milano, Italy
| | - Maurizio Martini
- Division of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Ugel
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy.,ARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Paola Cappello
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Emilio Bria
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy.,Medical Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy.,ARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Tortora
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy .,Medical Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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Casolino R, Paiella S, Azzolina D, Beer PA, Corbo V, Lorenzoni G, Gregori D, Golan T, Braconi C, Froeling FEM, Milella M, Scarpa A, Pea A, Malleo G, Salvia R, Bassi C, Chang DK, Biankin AV. Homologous Recombination Deficiency in Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review and Prevalence Meta-Analysis. J Clin Oncol 2021; 39:2617-2631. [PMID: 34197182 PMCID: PMC8331063 DOI: 10.1200/jco.20.03238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze the prevalence of homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of HRD in PDAC from PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases, and online cancer genomic data sets. The main outcome was pooled prevalence of somatic and germline mutations in the better characterized HRD genes (BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, ATM, ATR, CHEK2, RAD51, and the FANC genes). The secondary outcomes were prevalence of germline mutations overall, and in sporadic and familial cases; prevalence of germline BRCA1/2 mutations in Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ); and prevalence of HRD based on other definitions (ie, alterations in other genes, genomic scars, and mutational signatures). Random-effects modeling with the Freeman-Tukey transformation was used for the analyses. PROSPERO registration number: (CRD42020190813). RESULTS Sixty studies with 21,842 participants were included in the systematic review and 57 in the meta-analysis. Prevalence of germline and somatic mutations was BRCA1: 0.9%, BRCA2: 3.5%, PALB2: 0.2%, ATM: 2.2%, CHEK2: 0.3%, FANC: 0.5%, RAD51: 0.0%, and ATR: 0.1%. Prevalence of germline mutations was BRCA1: 0.9% (2.4% in AJ), BRCA2: 3.8% (8.2% in AJ), PALB2: 0.2%, ATM: 2%, CHEK2: 0.3%, and FANC: 0.4%. No significant differences between sporadic and familial cases were identified. HRD prevalence ranged between 14.5%-16.5% through targeted next-generation sequencing and 24%-44% through whole-genome or whole-exome sequencing allowing complementary genomic analysis, including genomic scars and other signatures (surrogate markers of HRD). CONCLUSION Surrogate readouts of HRD identify a greater proportion of patients with HRD than analyses limited to gene-level approaches. There is a clear need to harmonize HRD definitions and to validate the optimal biomarker for treatment selection. Universal HRD screening including integrated somatic and germline analysis should be offered to all patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Casolino
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Salvatore Paiella
- General and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Danila Azzolina
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Research Support Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Philip A. Beer
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Section of Pathology, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
- ARC-Net Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giulia Lorenzoni
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Dario Gregori
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Talia Golan
- The Oncology Institute, Sheba Medical Center at Tel-Hashomer, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Chiara Braconi
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Fieke E. M. Froeling
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Michele Milella
- Section of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- Section of Pathology, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
- ARC-Net Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Antonio Pea
- General and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Malleo
- General and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Roberto Salvia
- General and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Bassi
- General and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - David K. Chang
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew V. Biankin
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Medicine, South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of NSW, Liverpool, Australia
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Gkountakos A, Delfino P, Lawlor RT, Scarpa A, Corbo V, Bria E. Harnessing the epigenome to boost immunotherapy response in non-small cell lung cancer patients. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2021; 13:17588359211006947. [PMID: 34104224 PMCID: PMC8161860 DOI: 10.1177/17588359211006947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based therapy for non-oncogene addicted non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has significantly transformed the treatment landscape of the disease. Inhibitors of the programmed cell death protein 1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) immune checkpoint axis, which were initially considered as a late-line treatment option, gradually became the standard of care as first-line treatment for subgroups of NSCLC patients. However, a significant fraction of patients either fails to respond or progresses after a partial response to ICI treatment. Thus, the identification of mechanisms responsible for innate and acquired resistance to immunotherapy within a rapidly evolving tumor microenvironment (TME) is urgently required, as is the identification of reliable predictive biomarkers beyond PD-L1 expression. The deregulation of the epigenome is a key driver of cancer initiation and progression, and it has also been shown to drive therapeutic resistance. Tumor education of infiltrating myeloid cells towards an immuno-suppressive phenotype as well as induction of T-cell dysfunction in the TME is also driven by epigenome reprogramming. As it stands and, given their dynamic nature, epigenetic changes in cancer and non-cancer cells represent an attractive target to increase immunotherapy activity in NSCLC. Accordingly, clinical trials of combinatorial immuno-epigenetic drug regimens have been associated with tumor response in previously immunotherapy-resistant NSCLC patients irrespective of their PD-L1 status. Moreover, epigenetic signatures might represent valuable theragnostic biomarkers as they can be assayed easily in liquid biopsy and provide multiple layers of information. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge regarding the dysregulated epigenetic mechanisms contributing to immunotherapy resistance in NSCLC. Although the clinical data are still maturing, we highlight the attractive perspective that the synergistic model of immuno-epigenetic strategies might overcome the current limitations of immunotherapy alone and will be translated into durable clinical benefit for a broader NSCLC population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios Gkountakos
- ARC-NET Applied Research on Cancer Center, University of Verona, P.le L.A. Scuro 10, Verona, 37134, Italy
| | - Pietro Delfino
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Rita T. Lawlor
- ARC-NET Applied Research on Cancer Center, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- ARC-NET Applied Research on Cancer Center, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- ARC-NET Applied Research on Cancer Center, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Emilio Bria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Bagante F, Spolverato G, Ruzzenente A, Luchini C, Tsilimigras DI, Campagnaro T, Conci S, Corbo V, Scarpa A, Guglielmi A, Pawlik TM. Artificial neural networks for multi-omics classifications of hepato-pancreato-biliary cancers: towards the clinical application of genetic data. Eur J Cancer 2021; 148:348-358. [PMID: 33774439 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2021.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Several multi-omics classifications have been proposed for hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) cancers, but these classifications have not proven their role in the clinical practice and been validated in external cohorts. PATIENTS AND METHODS Data from whole-exome sequencing (WES) of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) patients were used as an input for the artificial neural network (ANN) to predict the anatomical site, iClusters (cell-of-origin patterns) and molecular subtype classifications. The Ohio State University (OSU) and the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) patients with HPB cancer were included in external validation cohorts. TCGA, OSU and ICGC data were merged, and survival analyses were performed using both the 'classic' survival analysis and a machine learning algorithm (random survival forest). RESULTS Although the ANN predicting the anatomical site of the tumour (i.e. cholangiocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma of the liver, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma) demonstrated a low accuracy in TCGA test cohort, the ANNs predicting the iClusters (cell-of-origin patterns) and molecular subtype classifications demonstrated a good accuracy of 75% and 82% in TCGA test cohort, respectively. The random survival forest analysis and Cox' multivariable survival models demonstrated that models for HPB cancers that integrated clinical data with molecular classifications (iClusters, molecular subtypes) had an increased prognostic accuracy compared with standard staging systems. CONCLUSION The analyses of genetic status (i.e. WES, gene panels) of patients with HPB cancers might predict the classifications proposed by TCGA project and help to select patients suitable to targeted therapies. The molecular classifications of HPB cancers when integrated with clinical information could improve the ability to predict the prognosis of patients with HPB cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Bagante
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gaya Spolverato
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Luchini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Diamantis I Tsilimigras
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Simone Conci
- Department of Surgery, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; ARC-Net Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Lakis V, Lawlor RT, Newell F, Patch AM, Mafficini A, Sadanandam A, Koufariotis LT, Johnston RL, Leonard C, Wood S, Rusev B, Corbo V, Luchini C, Cingarlini S, Landoni L, Salvia R, Milella M, Chang D, Bailey P, Jamieson NB, Duthie F, Gingras MC, Muzny DM, Wheeler DA, Gibbs RA, Milione M, Pederzoli P, Samra JS, Gill AJ, Johns AL, Pearson JV, Biankin AV, Grimmond SM, Waddell N, Nones K, Scarpa A. DNA methylation patterns identify subgroups of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors with clinical association. Commun Biol 2021; 4:155. [PMID: 33536587 PMCID: PMC7859232 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01469-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we report the DNA methylation profile of 84 sporadic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs) with associated clinical and genomic information. We identified three subgroups of PanNETs, termed T1, T2 and T3, with distinct patterns of methylation. The T1 subgroup was enriched for functional tumors and ATRX, DAXX and MEN1 wild-type genotypes. The T2 subgroup contained tumors with mutations in ATRX, DAXX and MEN1 and recurrent patterns of chromosomal losses in half of the genome with no association between regions with recurrent loss and methylation levels. T2 tumors were larger and had lower methylation in the MGMT gene body, which showed positive correlation with gene expression. The T3 subgroup harboured mutations in MEN1 with recurrent loss of chromosome 11, was enriched for grade G1 tumors and showed histological parameters associated with better prognosis. Our results suggest a role for methylation in both driving tumorigenesis and potentially stratifying prognosis in PanNETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Lakis
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia
| | - Rita T Lawlor
- ARC-Net Centre for Applied Research on Cancer, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, 37134, Italy
| | - Felicity Newell
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia
| | - Ann-Marie Patch
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia
| | - Andrea Mafficini
- ARC-Net Centre for Applied Research on Cancer, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, 37134, Italy
| | - Anguraj Sadanandam
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - Lambros T Koufariotis
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia
| | - Rebecca L Johnston
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia
| | - Conrad Leonard
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia
| | - Scott Wood
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia
| | - Borislav Rusev
- ARC-Net Centre for Applied Research on Cancer, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, 37134, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- ARC-Net Centre for Applied Research on Cancer, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, 37134, Italy
- Section of Pathology, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Luchini
- ARC-Net Centre for Applied Research on Cancer, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, 37134, Italy
- Section of Pathology, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sara Cingarlini
- ENETS Center of Excellence, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Section of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Luca Landoni
- ENETS Center of Excellence, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
- The Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Roberto Salvia
- ENETS Center of Excellence, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
- The Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Michele Milella
- ENETS Center of Excellence, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Section of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - David Chang
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
- Academic Unit of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, G4 OSF, UK
- West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, G31 2ER, UK
| | - Peter Bailey
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
- Department of General Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Nigel B Jamieson
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
- Academic Unit of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, G4 OSF, UK
- West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, G31 2ER, UK
| | - Fraser Duthie
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
- Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Greater Glasgow & Clyde NHS, Glasgow, G51 4TF, UK
| | - Marie-Claude Gingras
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS226, Houston, Texas, 77030-3411, USA
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery and The Elkins Pancreas Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas, 77030-3411, USA
| | - Donna M Muzny
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS226, Houston, Texas, 77030-3411, USA
| | - David A Wheeler
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS226, Houston, Texas, 77030-3411, USA
| | - Richard A Gibbs
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS226, Houston, Texas, 77030-3411, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Massimo Milione
- Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Anthony J Gill
- University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 370 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, 2010, Australia
| | - Amber L Johns
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 370 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, 2010, Australia
| | - John V Pearson
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia
| | - Andrew V Biankin
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Sean M Grimmond
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Nicola Waddell
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Katia Nones
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia.
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- ARC-Net Centre for Applied Research on Cancer, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, 37134, Italy.
- Section of Pathology, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
- ENETS Center of Excellence, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy.
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Lupo F, Delfino P, Filippini D, Vicentini C, Corbo V. Abstract 2735: Role of SEMA3A and SEMA3C in tumor progression and metastatic processes in PDAC. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2020-2735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a 5-years survival rate less than 8% and is predicted to become the second leading cause of cancer-related death by 2030. Recent genome-wide analyses have highlighted the involvement of genes belonging to axon guidance (AG) pathway in the progression of PDAC. Among AG genes, semaphorins were originally identified as axon guidance factors for the developing nervous system but a role for them is described also outside of the nervous system; several semaphorins have been found amplified in a subset of PDAC (around 18%) and elevated expression of SEMA3A, in particular, has been previously correlated to poor prognosis. The aim of this study is to assess the role of the axon guidance genes SEMA3A and SEMA3C in PDAC progression and metastasization using organoid models of the disease, in order to identify either biomarkers predictive of disease recurrence or metastases prevention strategies.
Data mining has been performed using the ICGC (PACA-AU) and the TCGA (PAAD) databases; RNA in situ hybridization (ISH) has been performed on FFPE of non-neoplastic and tumor tissue sections using the RNAscope 2.5 HD Duplex Detection Kit. Perturbation analysis has been performed by overexpressing and silencing Semaphorins (Sema3a and Sema3c) by transduction of tumor-derived organoid cultures with ORF and inducible CRISPR/Cas9 vectors, respectively. For orthotopic transplantation, a small incision in the skin of the upper left quadrant of the abdomen of C57BL/6J and NSG mice has been made; 5 × 105 cells/mouse have been injected into the parenchyma of the pancreas. Tumor growth has been monitored once a week with the VEVO 2100 system.Expression of SEMA3A and SEMA3C was enriched in the basal like/squamous subtype and was correlated to poor survival in both the ICGC and TCGA cohorts. However, in silico microdissection of bulk sequencing data (ICGC and TGCA) revealed that Semaphorins were particularly expressed in the stromal compartment. Accordingly, mRNA in situ hybridization analyses of human PDAC tissues showed that SEMA3A is almost exclusively expressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), while SEMA3C is expressed both in the neoplastic and in CAFs. We further analyzed expression of semaphorins in human tumor-derived organoids and CAFs to confirm that those genes were abundant in CAFs and less expressed in squamous/basal-like organoids. Consistently with in silico and in vitro data, transplantation of mouse tumor organoids overexpressing semaphorins showed reduced tumor growth and lack of metastatic competence as compared to mock transfected cultures, while organoids lacking either Sema3a or Sema3c showed accelerated tumor development and metastasization.These data suggest that SEMA3A and SEMA3C are preferentially expressed by CAFs in PDAC and that their high stromal expression contributes to aggressive molecular subtype of PDAC.
Citation Format: Francesca Lupo, Pietro Delfino, Dea Filippini, Caterina Vicentini, Vincenzo Corbo. Role of SEMA3A and SEMA3C in tumor progression and metastatic processes in PDAC [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 2735.
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Fiorini E, Corbo V. Oncolytic virotherapy meets the human organoid technology for pancreatic cancers. EBioMedicine 2020; 57:102828. [PMID: 32574953 PMCID: PMC7322227 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Fiorini
- Department of Medicine & Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona.
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona.
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Brunton H, Caligiuri G, Cunningham R, Upstill-Goddard R, Bailey UM, Garner IM, Nourse C, Dreyer S, Jones M, Moran-Jones K, Wright DW, Paulus-Hock V, Nixon C, Thomson G, Jamieson NB, McGregor GA, Evers L, McKay CJ, Gulati A, Brough R, Bajrami I, Pettitt SJ, Dziubinski ML, Barry ST, Grützmann R, Brown R, Curry E, Pajic M, Musgrove EA, Petersen GM, Shanks E, Ashworth A, Crawford HC, Simeone DM, Froeling FEM, Lord CJ, Mukhopadhyay D, Pilarsky C, Grimmond SE, Morton JP, Sansom OJ, Chang DK, Bailey PJ, Biankin AV, Chang DK, Cooke SL, Dreyer S, Grimwood P, Kelly S, Marshall J, McDade B, McElroy D, Ramsay D, Upstill-Goddard R, Rebus S, Hair J, Jamieson NB, McKay CJ, Westwood P, Williams N, Duthie F, Biankin AV, Johns AL, Mawson A, Chang DK, Scarlett CJ, Brancato MAL, Rowe SJ, Simpson SH, Martyn-Smith M, Thomas MT, Chantrill LA, Chin VT, Chou A, Cowley MJ, Humphris JL, Mead RS, Nagrial AM, Pajic M, Pettit J, Pinese M, Rooman I, Wu J, Tao J, DiPietro R, Watson C, Steinmann A, Lee HC, Wong R, Pinho AV, Giry-Laterriere M, Daly RJ, Musgrove EA, Sutherland RL, Grimmond SM, Waddell N, Kassahn KS, Miller DK, Wilson PJ, Patch AM, Song S, Harliwong I, Idrisoglu S, Nourbakhsh E, Manning S, Wani S, Gongora M, Anderson M, Holmes O, Leonard C, Taylor D, Wood S, Xu C, Nones K, Fink JL, Christ A, Bruxner T, Cloonan N, Newell F, Pearson JV, Quinn M, Nagaraj S, Kazakoff S, Waddell N, Krisnan K, Quek K, Wood D, Samra JS, Gill AJ, Pavlakis N, Guminski A, Toon C, Asghari R, Merrett ND, Pavey D, Das A, Cosman PH, Ismail K, O’Connnor C, Lam VW, McLeod D, Pleass HC, Richardson A, James V, Kench JG, Cooper CL, Joseph D, Sandroussi C, Crawford M, Gallagher J, Texler M, Forest C, Laycock A, Epari KP, Ballal M, Fletcher DR, Mukhedkar S, Spry NA, DeBoer B, Chai M, Zeps N, Beilin M, Feeney K, Nguyen NQ, Ruszkiewicz AR, Worthley C, Tan CP, Debrencini T, Chen J, Brooke-Smith ME, Papangelis V, Tang H, Barbour AP, Clouston AD, Martin P, O’Rourke TJ, Chiang A, Fawcett JW, Slater K, Yeung S, Hatzifotis M, Hodgkinson P, Christophi C, Nikfarjam M, Mountain A, Eshleman JR, Hruban RH, Maitra A, Iacobuzio-Donahue CA, Schulick RD, Wolfgang CL, Morgan RA, Hodgin M, Scarpa A, Lawlor RT, Beghelli S, Corbo V, Scardoni M, Bassi C, Tempero MA, Nourse C, Jamieson NB, Graham JS. HNF4A and GATA6 Loss Reveals Therapeutically Actionable Subtypes in Pancreatic Cancer. Cell Rep 2020; 31:107625. [PMID: 32402285 PMCID: PMC9511995 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) can be divided into transcriptomic subtypes with two broad lineages referred to as classical (pancreatic) and squamous. We find that these two subtypes are driven by distinct metabolic phenotypes. Loss of genes that drive endodermal lineage specification, HNF4A and GATA6, switch metabolic profiles from classical (pancreatic) to predominantly squamous, with glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) a key regulator of glycolysis. Pharmacological inhibition of GSK3β results in selective sensitivity in the squamous subtype; however, a subset of these squamous patient-derived cell lines (PDCLs) acquires rapid drug tolerance. Using chromatin accessibility maps, we demonstrate that the squamous subtype can be further classified using chromatin accessibility to predict responsiveness and tolerance to GSK3β inhibitors. Our findings demonstrate that distinct patterns of chromatin accessibility can be used to identify patient subgroups that are indistinguishable by gene expression profiles, highlighting the utility of chromatin-based biomarkers for patient selection in the treatment of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Brunton
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland; Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Giuseppina Caligiuri
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland
| | - Richard Cunningham
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland
| | - Rosie Upstill-Goddard
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland
| | - Ulla-Maja Bailey
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland; Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Ian M Garner
- Epigenetics Unit, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Craig Nourse
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Stephan Dreyer
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland; West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK
| | - Marc Jones
- Stratified Medicine Scotland Innovation Centre, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK
| | - Kim Moran-Jones
- Stratified Medicine Scotland Innovation Centre, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK
| | - Derek W Wright
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland; MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland
| | - Viola Paulus-Hock
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Colin Nixon
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Gemma Thomson
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Nigel B Jamieson
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland; West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK
| | - Grant A McGregor
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Lisa Evers
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland
| | - Colin J McKay
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland; West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK
| | - Aditi Gulati
- CRUK Gene Function Laboratory and Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Rachel Brough
- CRUK Gene Function Laboratory and Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Ilirjana Bajrami
- CRUK Gene Function Laboratory and Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Stephen J Pettitt
- CRUK Gene Function Laboratory and Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Michele L Dziubinski
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, 4304 Rogel Cancer Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Simon T Barry
- Bioscience, Oncology, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Robert Grützmann
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Robert Brown
- Epigenetics Unit, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Edward Curry
- Epigenetics Unit, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | | | | | - Marina Pajic
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, 370 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst and Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A Musgrove
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland
| | | | - Emma Shanks
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Alan Ashworth
- CRUK Gene Function Laboratory and Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Howard C Crawford
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, 4304 Rogel Cancer Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Diane M Simeone
- Pancreatic Cancer Center, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Fieke E M Froeling
- Epigenetics Unit, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Christopher J Lord
- CRUK Gene Function Laboratory and Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Debabrata Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | | | - Sean E Grimmond
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, VIC, Australia
| | - Jennifer P Morton
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland; Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Owen J Sansom
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland; Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - David K Chang
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland; West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK; South Western Sydney Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter J Bailey
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland; Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK; Department of General Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
| | - Andrew V Biankin
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland; West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK; South Western Sydney Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Vicentini C, Calore F, Nigita G, Fadda P, Simbolo M, Sperandio N, Luchini C, Lawlor RT, Croce CM, Corbo V, Fassan M, Scarpa A. Exosomal miRNA signatures of pancreatic lesions. BMC Gastroenterol 2020; 20:137. [PMID: 32375666 PMCID: PMC7204029 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-020-01287-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic and peri-pancreatic neoplasms encompass a variety of histotypes characterized by a heterogeneous prognostic impact. miRNAs are considered efficient candidate biomarkers due to their high stability in tissues and body fluids. We applied Nanostring profiling of circulating exosomal miRNAs to distinct pancreatic lesions in order to establish a source for biomarker development. METHODS A series of 140 plasma samples obtained from patients affected by pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC, n = 58), pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNET, n = 42), intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN, n = 20), and ampulla of Vater carcinomas (AVC, n = 20) were analyzed. Comprehensive miRNA profiling was performed on plasma-derived exosomes. Relevant miRNAs were validated by qRT-PCR and in situ hybridization (ISH). RESULTS Lesion specific miRNAs were identified through multiple disease comparisons. Selected miRNAs were validated in the plasma by qRT-PCR and at tissue level by ISH. We leveraged the presence of clinical subtypes with each disease cohort to identify miRNAs that are differentially enriched in aggressive phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that pancreatic lesions are characterized by specific exosomal-miRNA signatures. We also provide the basis for further explorations in order to better understand the relevance of these signatures in pancreatic neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Federica Calore
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Giovanni Nigita
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Paolo Fadda
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Michele Simbolo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Anatomical Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Luchini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Anatomical Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Rita T Lawlor
- ARC-NET Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Carlo Maria Croce
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- ARC-NET Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Anatomical Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Matteo Fassan
- ARC-NET Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, University of Padua, Via Aristide Gabelli 61, 35121, Padua, PD, Italy.
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- ARC-NET Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Anatomical Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Lupo F, Piro G, Torroni L, Delfino P, Trovato R, Rusev B, Fiore A, Filippini D, De Sanctis F, Manfredi M, Marengo E, Lawlor RT, Martini M, Tortora G, Ugel S, Corbo V, Melisi D, Carbone C. Organoid-Transplant Model Systems to Study the Effects of Obesity on the Pancreatic Carcinogenesis in vivo. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:308. [PMID: 32411709 PMCID: PMC7198708 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality among adults in developed countries. The discovery of the most common genetic alterations as well as the development of organoid models of pancreatic cancer have provided insight into the fundamental pathways driving tumor progression from a normal cell to non-invasive precursor lesion and finally to widely metastatic disease, offering new opportunities for identifying the key driver of cancer evolution. Obesity is one of the most serious public health challenges of the 21st century. Several epidemiological studies have shown the positive association between obesity and cancer-related morbidity/mortality, as well as poorer prognosis and treatment outcome. Despite strong evidence indicates a link between obesity and cancer incidence, the molecular basis of the initiating events remains largely elusive. This is mainly due to the lack of an accurate and reliable model of pancreatic carcinogenesis that mimics human obesity-associated PDAC, making data interpretation difficult and often confusing. Here we propose a feasible and manageable organoid-based preclinical tool to study the effects of obesity on pancreatic carcinogenesis. Therefore, we tracked the effects of obesity on the natural evolution of PDAC in a genetically defined transplantable model of the syngeneic murine pancreatic preneoplastic lesion (mP) and tumor (mT) derived-organoids that recapitulates the progression of human disease from early preinvasive lesions to metastatic disease. Our results suggest that organoid-derived transplant in obese mice represents a suitable system to study early steps of pancreatic carcinogenesis and supports the hypothesis that inflammation induced by obesity stimulates tumor progression and metastatization during pancreatic carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Lupo
- Section of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Geny Piro
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorena Torroni
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Pietro Delfino
- Section of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Rosalinda Trovato
- Section of Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Borislav Rusev
- ARC-Net Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fiore
- Section of Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Dea Filippini
- Section of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesco De Sanctis
- Section of Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marcello Manfredi
- Department of Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Emilio Marengo
- Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation, University of Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Martini
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Tortora
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Ugel
- Section of Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Section of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,ARC-Net Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Davide Melisi
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Carmine Carbone
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Fiorini E, Veghini L, Corbo V. Modeling Cell Communication in Cancer With Organoids: Making the Complex Simple. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:166. [PMID: 32258040 PMCID: PMC7094029 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Homotypic and heterotypic interactions between cells are of crucial importance in multicellular organisms for the maintenance of physiological functions. Accordingly, changes in cell-to-cell communication contribute significantly to tumor development. Cancer cells engage the different components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) to support malignant proliferation, escape immune control, and favor metastatic spreading. The interaction between cancerous and non-cancerous cell types within tumors occurs in many ways, including physical contact and paracrine signaling. Furthermore, local and long-range transfer of biologically active molecules (e.g., DNA, RNA, and proteins) can be mediated by small extracellular vesicles (EVs) and this has been shown to influence many aspects of tumor progression. As it stands, there is a critical need for suitable experimental systems that enable modeling the cell-to-cell communications occurring in cancer. Given their intrinsic complexity, animal models represent the ideal system to study cell-to-cell interaction between different cell types; however, they might make difficult to assess individual contribution to a given phenotype. On the other hand, simplest experimental models (i.e., in vitro culture systems) might be of great use when weighing individual contributions to a given phenomenon, yet it is imperative that they share a considerable number of features with human cancer. Of the many culture systems available to the scientific community, patient-derived organoids already proved to faithfully recapitulate many of the traits of patients’ disease, including genetic heterogeneity and response to therapy. The organoid technology offers several advantages over conventional monolayer cell cultures, including the preservation of the topology of cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix interactions as observed in vivo. Several studies have shown that organoid cultures can be successfully used to study interaction between cancer cells and cellular components of the TME. Here, we discuss the potential of using organoids to model the interplay between cancer and non-cancer cells in order to unveil biological mechanisms involved in cancers initiation and progression, which might ultimately lead to the identification of novel intervention strategy for those diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Fiorini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Lisa Veghini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,ARC-Net Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Aaltonen LA, Abascal F, Abeshouse A, Aburatani H, Adams DJ, Agrawal N, Ahn KS, Ahn SM, Aikata H, Akbani R, Akdemir KC, Al-Ahmadie H, Al-Sedairy ST, Al-Shahrour F, Alawi M, Albert M, Aldape K, Alexandrov LB, Ally A, Alsop K, Alvarez EG, Amary F, Amin SB, Aminou B, Ammerpohl O, Anderson MJ, Ang Y, Antonello D, Anur P, Aparicio S, Appelbaum EL, Arai Y, Aretz A, Arihiro K, Ariizumi SI, Armenia J, Arnould L, Asa S, Assenov Y, Atwal G, Aukema S, Auman JT, Aure MRR, Awadalla P, Aymerich M, Bader GD, Baez-Ortega A, Bailey MH, Bailey PJ, Balasundaram M, Balu S, Bandopadhayay P, Banks RE, Barbi S, Barbour AP, Barenboim J, Barnholtz-Sloan J, Barr H, Barrera E, Bartlett J, Bartolome J, Bassi C, Bathe OF, Baumhoer D, Bavi P, Baylin SB, Bazant W, Beardsmore D, Beck TA, Behjati S, Behren A, Niu B, Bell C, Beltran S, Benz C, Berchuck A, Bergmann AK, Bergstrom EN, Berman BP, Berney DM, Bernhart SH, Beroukhim R, Berrios M, Bersani S, Bertl J, Betancourt M, Bhandari V, Bhosle SG, Biankin AV, Bieg M, Bigner D, Binder H, Birney E, Birrer M, Biswas NK, Bjerkehagen B, Bodenheimer T, Boice L, Bonizzato G, De Bono JS, Boot A, Bootwalla MS, Borg A, Borkhardt A, Boroevich KA, Borozan I, Borst C, Bosenberg M, Bosio M, Boultwood J, Bourque G, Boutros PC, Bova GS, Bowen DT, Bowlby R, Bowtell DDL, Boyault S, Boyce R, Boyd J, Brazma A, Brennan P, Brewer DS, Brinkman AB, Bristow RG, Broaddus RR, Brock JE, Brock M, Broeks A, Brooks AN, Brooks D, Brors B, Brunak S, Bruxner TJC, Bruzos AL, Buchanan A, Buchhalter I, Buchholz C, Bullman S, Burke H, Burkhardt B, Burns KH, Busanovich J, Bustamante CD, Butler AP, Butte AJ, Byrne NJ, Børresen-Dale AL, Caesar-Johnson SJ, Cafferkey A, Cahill D, Calabrese C, Caldas C, Calvo F, Camacho N, Campbell PJ, Campo E, Cantù C, Cao S, Carey TE, Carlevaro-Fita J, Carlsen R, Cataldo I, Cazzola M, Cebon J, Cerfolio R, Chadwick DE, Chakravarty D, Chalmers D, Chan CWY, Chan K, Chan-Seng-Yue M, Chandan VS, Chang DK, Chanock SJ, Chantrill LA, Chateigner A, Chatterjee N, Chayama K, Chen HW, Chen J, Chen K, Chen Y, Chen Z, Cherniack AD, Chien J, Chiew YE, Chin SF, Cho J, Cho S, Choi JK, Choi W, Chomienne C, Chong Z, Choo SP, Chou A, Christ AN, Christie EL, Chuah E, Cibulskis C, Cibulskis K, Cingarlini S, Clapham P, Claviez A, Cleary S, Cloonan N, Cmero M, Collins CC, Connor AA, Cooke SL, Cooper CS, Cope L, Corbo V, Cordes MG, Cordner SM, Cortés-Ciriano I, Covington K, Cowin PA, Craft B, Craft D, Creighton CJ, Cun Y, Curley E, Cutcutache I, Czajka K, Czerniak B, Dagg RA, Danilova L, Davi MV, Davidson NR, Davies H, Davis IJ, Davis-Dusenbery BN, Dawson KJ, De La Vega FM, De Paoli-Iseppi R, Defreitas T, Tos APD, Delaneau O, Demchok JA, Demeulemeester J, Demidov GM, Demircioğlu D, Dennis NM, Denroche RE, Dentro SC, Desai N, Deshpande V, Deshwar AG, Desmedt C, Deu-Pons J, Dhalla N, Dhani NC, Dhingra P, Dhir R, DiBiase A, Diamanti K, Ding L, Ding S, Dinh HQ, Dirix L, Doddapaneni H, Donmez N, Dow MT, Drapkin R, Drechsel O, Drews RM, Serge S, Dudderidge T, 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Hofmann O, Holbrook A, Holik AZ, Hollingsworth MA, Holmes O, Holt RA, Hong C, Hong EP, Hong JH, Hooijer GK, Hornshøj H, Hosoda F, Hou Y, Hovestadt V, Howat W, Hoyle AP, Hruban RH, Hu J, Hu T, Hua X, Huang KL, Huang M, Huang MN, Huang V, Huang Y, Huber W, Hudson TJ, Hummel M, Hung JA, Huntsman D, Hupp TR, Huse J, Huska MR, Hutter B, Hutter CM, Hübschmann D, Iacobuzio-Donahue CA, Imbusch CD, Imielinski M, Imoto S, Isaacs WB, Isaev K, Ishikawa S, Iskar M, Islam SMA, Ittmann M, Ivkovic S, Izarzugaza JMG, Jacquemier J, Jakrot V, Jamieson NB, Jang GH, Jang SJ, Jayaseelan JC, Jayasinghe R, Jefferys SR, Jegalian K, Jennings JL, Jeon SH, Jerman L, Ji Y, Jiao W, Johansson PA, Johns AL, Johns J, Johnson R, Johnson TA, Jolly C, Joly Y, Jonasson JG, Jones CD, Jones DR, Jones DTW, Jones N, Jones SJM, Jonkers J, Ju YS, Juhl H, Jung J, Juul M, Juul RI, Juul S, Jäger N, Kabbe R, Kahles A, Kahraman A, Kaiser VB, Kakavand H, Kalimuthu S, von Kalle C, Kang KJ, Karaszi K, Karlan B, Karlić R, Karsch D, Kasaian K, Kassahn KS, Katai H, Kato M, Katoh H, Kawakami Y, Kay JD, Kazakoff SH, Kazanov MD, Keays M, Kebebew E, Kefford RF, Kellis M, Kench JG, Kennedy CJ, Kerssemakers JNA, Khoo D, Khoo V, Khuntikeo N, Khurana E, Kilpinen H, Kim HK, Kim HL, Kim HY, Kim H, Kim J, Kim J, Kim JK, Kim Y, King TA, Klapper W, Kleinheinz K, Klimczak LJ, Knappskog S, Kneba M, Knoppers BM, Koh Y, Komorowski J, Komura D, Komura M, Kong G, Kool M, Korbel JO, Korchina V, Korshunov A, Koscher M, Koster R, Kote-Jarai Z, Koures A, Kovacevic M, Kremeyer B, Kretzmer H, Kreuz M, Krishnamurthy S, Kube D, Kumar K, Kumar P, Kumar S, Kumar Y, Kundra R, Kübler K, Küppers R, Lagergren J, Lai PH, Laird PW, Lakhani SR, Lalansingh CM, Lalonde E, Lamaze FC, Lambert A, Lander E, Landgraf P, Landoni L, Langerød A, Lanzós A, Larsimont D, Larsson E, Lathrop M, Lau LMS, Lawerenz C, Lawlor RT, Lawrence MS, Lazar AJ, Lazic AM, Le X, Lee D, Lee D, Lee EA, Lee HJ, Lee JJK, Lee JY, Lee J, Lee MTM, Lee-Six H, Lehmann KV, Lehrach H, Lenze D, Leonard CR, Leongamornlert DA, Leshchiner I, Letourneau L, Letunic I, Levine DA, Lewis L, Ley T, Li C, Li CH, Li HI, Li J, Li L, Li S, Li S, Li X, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Liang H, Liang SB, Lichter P, Lin P, Lin Z, Linehan WM, Lingjærde OC, Liu D, Liu EM, Liu FFF, Liu F, Liu J, Liu X, Livingstone J, Livitz D, Livni N, Lochovsky L, Loeffler M, Long GV, Lopez-Guillermo A, Lou S, Louis DN, Lovat LB, Lu Y, Lu YJ, Lu Y, Luchini C, Lungu I, Luo X, Luxton HJ, Lynch AG, Lype L, López C, López-Otín C, Ma EZ, Ma Y, MacGrogan G, MacRae S, Macintyre G, Madsen T, Maejima K, Mafficini A, Maglinte DT, Maitra A, Majumder PP, Malcovati L, Malikic S, Malleo G, Mann GJ, Mantovani-Löffler L, Marchal K, Marchegiani G, Mardis ER, Margolin AA, Marin MG, Markowetz F, Markowski J, Marks J, Marques-Bonet T, Marra MA, Marsden L, Martens JWM, Martin S, Martin-Subero JI, Martincorena I, Martinez-Fundichely A, Maruvka YE, Mashl RJ, Massie CE, Matthew TJ, Matthews L, Mayer E, Mayes S, Mayo M, Mbabaali F, McCune K, McDermott U, McGillivray PD, McLellan MD, McPherson JD, McPherson JR, McPherson TA, Meier SR, Meng A, Meng S, Menzies A, Merrett ND, Merson S, Meyerson M, Meyerson W, Mieczkowski PA, Mihaiescu GL, Mijalkovic S, Mikkelsen T, Milella M, Mileshkin L, Miller CA, Miller DK, Miller JK, Mills GB, Milovanovic A, Minner S, Miotto M, Arnau GM, Mirabello L, Mitchell C, Mitchell TJ, Miyano S, Miyoshi N, Mizuno S, Molnár-Gábor F, Moore MJ, Moore RA, Morganella S, Morris QD, Morrison C, Mose LE, Moser CD, Muiños F, Mularoni L, Mungall AJ, Mungall K, Musgrove EA, Mustonen V, Mutch D, Muyas F, Muzny DM, Muñoz A, Myers J, Myklebost O, Möller P, Nagae G, Nagrial AM, Nahal-Bose HK, Nakagama H, Nakagawa H, Nakamura H, Nakamura T, Nakano K, Nandi T, Nangalia J, Nastic M, Navarro A, Navarro FCP, Neal DE, Nettekoven G, Newell F, Newhouse SJ, Newton Y, Ng AWT, Ng A, Nicholson J, Nicol D, Nie Y, Nielsen GP, Nielsen MM, Nik-Zainal S, Noble MS, Nones K, Northcott PA, Notta F, O’Connor BD, O’Donnell P, O’Donovan M, O’Meara S, O’Neill BP, O’Neill JR, Ocana D, Ochoa A, Oesper L, Ogden C, Ohdan H, Ohi K, Ohno-Machado L, Oien KA, Ojesina AI, Ojima H, Okusaka T, Omberg L, Ong CK, Ossowski S, Ott G, Ouellette BFF, P’ng C, Paczkowska M, Paiella S, Pairojkul C, Pajic M, Pan-Hammarström Q, Papaemmanuil E, Papatheodorou I, Paramasivam N, Park JW, Park JW, Park K, Park K, Park PJ, Parker JS, Parsons SL, Pass H, Pasternack D, Pastore A, Patch AM, Pauporté I, Pea A, Pearson JV, Pedamallu CS, Pedersen JS, Pederzoli P, Peifer M, Pennell NA, Perou CM, Perry MD, Petersen GM, Peto M, Petrelli N, Petryszak R, Pfister SM, Phillips M, Pich O, Pickett HA, Pihl TD, Pillay N, Pinder S, Pinese M, Pinho AV, Pitkänen E, Pivot X, Piñeiro-Yáñez E, Planko L, Plass C, Polak P, Pons T, Popescu I, Potapova O, Prasad A, Preston SR, Prinz M, Pritchard AL, Prokopec SD, Provenzano E, Puente XS, Puig S, Puiggròs M, Pulido-Tamayo S, Pupo GM, Purdie CA, Quinn MC, Rabionet R, Rader JS, Radlwimmer B, Radovic P, Raeder B, Raine KM, Ramakrishna M, Ramakrishnan K, Ramalingam S, Raphael BJ, Rathmell WK, Rausch T, Reifenberger G, Reimand J, Reis-Filho J, Reuter V, Reyes-Salazar I, Reyna MA, Reynolds SM, Rheinbay E, Riazalhosseini Y, Richardson AL, Richter J, Ringel M, Ringnér M, Rino Y, Rippe K, Roach J, Roberts LR, Roberts ND, Roberts SA, Robertson AG, Robertson AJ, Rodriguez JB, Rodriguez-Martin B, Rodríguez-González FG, Roehrl MHA, Rohde M, Rokutan H, Romieu G, Rooman I, Roques T, Rosebrock D, Rosenberg M, Rosenstiel PC, Rosenwald A, Rowe EW, Royo R, Rozen SG, Rubanova Y, Rubin MA, Rubio-Perez C, Rudneva VA, Rusev BC, Ruzzenente A, Rätsch G, Sabarinathan R, Sabelnykova VY, Sadeghi S, Sahinalp SC, Saini N, Saito-Adachi M, Saksena G, Salcedo A, Salgado R, Salichos L, Sallari R, Saller C, Salvia R, Sam M, Samra JS, Sanchez-Vega F, Sander C, Sanders G, Sarin R, Sarrafi I, Sasaki-Oku A, Sauer T, Sauter G, Saw RPM, Scardoni M, Scarlett CJ, Scarpa A, Scelo G, Schadendorf D, Schein JE, Schilhabel MB, Schlesner M, Schlomm T, Schmidt HK, Schramm SJ, Schreiber S, Schultz N, Schumacher SE, Schwarz RF, Scolyer RA, Scott D, Scully R, Seethala R, Segre AV, Selander I, Semple CA, Senbabaoglu Y, Sengupta S, Sereni E, Serra S, Sgroi DC, Shackleton M, Shah NC, Shahabi S, Shang CA, Shang P, Shapira O, Shelton T, Shen C, Shen H, Shepherd R, Shi R, Shi Y, Shiah YJ, Shibata T, Shih J, Shimizu E, Shimizu K, Shin SJ, Shiraishi Y, Shmaya T, Shmulevich I, Shorser SI, Short C, Shrestha R, Shringarpure SS, Shriver C, Shuai S, Sidiropoulos N, Siebert R, Sieuwerts AM, Sieverling L, Signoretti S, Sikora KO, Simbolo M, Simon R, Simons JV, Simpson JT, Simpson PT, Singer S, Sinnott-Armstrong N, Sipahimalani P, Skelly TJ, Smid M, Smith J, Smith-McCune K, Socci ND, Sofia HJ, Soloway MG, Song L, Sood AK, Sothi S, Sotiriou C, Soulette CM, Span PN, Spellman PT, Sperandio N, Spillane AJ, Spiro O, Spring J, Staaf J, Stadler PF, Staib P, Stark SG, Stebbings L, Stefánsson ÓA, Stegle O, Stein LD, Stenhouse A, Stewart C, Stilgenbauer S, Stobbe MD, Stratton MR, Stretch JR, Struck AJ, Stuart JM, Stunnenberg HG, Su H, Su X, Sun RX, Sungalee S, Susak H, Suzuki A, Sweep F, Szczepanowski M, Sültmann H, Yugawa T, Tam A, Tamborero D, Tan BKT, Tan D, Tan P, Tanaka H, Taniguchi H, Tanskanen TJ, Tarabichi M, Tarnuzzer R, Tarpey P, Taschuk ML, Tatsuno K, Tavaré S, Taylor DF, Taylor-Weiner A, Teague JW, Teh BT, Tembe V, Temes J, Thai K, Thayer SP, Thiessen N, Thomas G, Thomas S, Thompson A, Thompson AM, Thompson JFF, Thompson RH, Thorne H, Thorne LB, Thorogood A, Tiao G, Tijanic N, Timms LE, Tirabosco R, Tojo M, Tommasi S, Toon CW, Toprak UH, Torrents D, Tortora G, Tost J, Totoki Y, Townend D, Traficante N, Treilleux I, Trotta JR, Trümper LHP, Tsao M, Tsunoda T, Tubio JMC, Tucker O, Turkington R, Turner DJ, Tutt A, Ueno M, Ueno NT, Umbricht C, Umer HM, Underwood TJ, Urban L, Urushidate T, Ushiku T, Uusküla-Reimand L, Valencia A, Van Den Berg DJ, Van Laere S, Van Loo P, Van Meir EG, Van den Eynden GG, Van der Kwast T, Vasudev N, Vazquez M, Vedururu R, Veluvolu U, Vembu S, Verbeke LPC, Vermeulen P, Verrill C, Viari A, Vicente D, Vicentini C, VijayRaghavan K, Viksna J, Vilain RE, Villasante I, Vincent-Salomon A, Visakorpi T, Voet D, Vyas P, Vázquez-García I, Waddell NM, Waddell N, Wadelius C, Wadi L, Wagener R, Wala JA, Wang J, Wang J, Wang L, Wang Q, Wang W, Wang Y, Wang Z, Waring PM, Warnatz HJ, Warrell J, Warren AY, Waszak SM, Wedge DC, Weichenhan D, Weinberger P, Weinstein JN, Weischenfeldt J, Weisenberger DJ, Welch I, Wendl MC, Werner J, Whalley JP, Wheeler DA, Whitaker HC, Wigle D, Wilkerson MD, Williams A, Wilmott JS, Wilson GW, Wilson JM, Wilson RK, Winterhoff B, Wintersinger JA, Wiznerowicz M, Wolf S, Wong BH, Wong T, Wong W, Woo Y, Wood S, Wouters BG, Wright AJ, Wright DW, Wright MH, Wu CL, Wu DY, Wu G, Wu J, Wu K, Wu Y, Wu Z, Xi L, Xia T, Xiang Q, Xiao X, Xing R, Xiong H, Xu Q, Xu Y, Xue H, Yachida S, Yakneen S, Yamaguchi R, Yamaguchi TN, Yamamoto M, Yamamoto S, Yamaue H, Yang F, Yang H, Yang JY, Yang L, Yang L, Yang S, Yang TP, Yang Y, Yao X, Yaspo ML, Yates L, Yau C, Ye C, Ye K, Yellapantula VD, Yoon CJ, Yoon SS, Yousif F, Yu J, Yu K, Yu W, Yu Y, Yuan K, Yuan Y, Yuen D, Yung CK, Zaikova O, Zamora J, Zapatka M, Zenklusen JC, Zenz T, Zeps N, Zhang CZ, Zhang F, Zhang H, Zhang H, Zhang H, Zhang J, Zhang J, Zhang J, Zhang X, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Zhao Z, Zheng L, Zheng X, Zhou W, Zhou Y, Zhu B, Zhu H, Zhu J, Zhu S, Zou L, Zou X, deFazio A, van As N, van Deurzen CHM, van de Vijver MJ, van’t Veer L, von Mering C. Pan-cancer analysis of whole genomes. Nature 2020; 578:82-93. [PMID: 32025007 PMCID: PMC7025898 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-1969-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1435] [Impact Index Per Article: 358.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is driven by genetic change, and the advent of massively parallel sequencing has enabled systematic documentation of this variation at the whole-genome scale1-3. Here we report the integrative analysis of 2,658 whole-cancer genomes and their matching normal tissues across 38 tumour types from the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium of the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We describe the generation of the PCAWG resource, facilitated by international data sharing using compute clouds. On average, cancer genomes contained 4-5 driver mutations when combining coding and non-coding genomic elements; however, in around 5% of cases no drivers were identified, suggesting that cancer driver discovery is not yet complete. Chromothripsis, in which many clustered structural variants arise in a single catastrophic event, is frequently an early event in tumour evolution; in acral melanoma, for example, these events precede most somatic point mutations and affect several cancer-associated genes simultaneously. Cancers with abnormal telomere maintenance often originate from tissues with low replicative activity and show several mechanisms of preventing telomere attrition to critical levels. Common and rare germline variants affect patterns of somatic mutation, including point mutations, structural variants and somatic retrotransposition. A collection of papers from the PCAWG Consortium describes non-coding mutations that drive cancer beyond those in the TERT promoter4; identifies new signatures of mutational processes that cause base substitutions, small insertions and deletions and structural variation5,6; analyses timings and patterns of tumour evolution7; describes the diverse transcriptional consequences of somatic mutation on splicing, expression levels, fusion genes and promoter activity8,9; and evaluates a range of more-specialized features of cancer genomes8,10-18.
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Bazzichetto C, Conciatori F, Luchini C, Simionato F, Santoro R, Vaccaro V, Corbo V, Falcone I, Ferretti G, Cognetti F, Melisi D, Scarpa A, Ciuffreda L, Milella M. From Genetic Alterations to Tumor Microenvironment: The Ariadne's String in Pancreatic Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020309. [PMID: 32012917 PMCID: PMC7072496 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The threatening notoriety of pancreatic cancer mainly arises from its negligible early diagnosis, highly aggressive progression, failure of conventional therapeutic options and consequent very poor prognosis. The most important driver genes of pancreatic cancer are the oncogene KRAS and the tumor suppressors TP53, CDKN2A, and SMAD4. Although the presence of few drivers, several signaling pathways are involved in the oncogenesis of this cancer type, some of them with promising targets for precision oncology. Pancreatic cancer is recognized as one of immunosuppressive phenotype cancer: it is characterized by a fibrotic-desmoplastic stroma, in which there is an intensive cross-talk between several cellular (e.g., fibroblasts, myeloid cells, lymphocytes, endothelial, and myeloid cells) and acellular (collagen, fibronectin, and soluble factors) components. In this review; we aim to describe the current knowledge of the genetic/biological landscape of pancreatic cancer and the composition of its tumor microenvironment; in order to better direct in the intrinsic labyrinth of this complex tumor type. Indeed; disentangling the genetic and molecular characteristics of cancer cells and the environment in which they evolve may represent the crucial step towards more effective therapeutic strategies
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bazzichetto
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (V.V.); (I.F.); (G.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Fabiana Conciatori
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (V.V.); (I.F.); (G.F.); (F.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-52665185
| | - Claudio Luchini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Francesca Simionato
- Division of Oncology, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy; (F.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Raffaela Santoro
- Medicine-Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy; (R.S.); (D.M.)
| | - Vanja Vaccaro
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (V.V.); (I.F.); (G.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- ARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy; (V.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Italia Falcone
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (V.V.); (I.F.); (G.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Gianluigi Ferretti
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (V.V.); (I.F.); (G.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesco Cognetti
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (V.V.); (I.F.); (G.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Davide Melisi
- Medicine-Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy; (R.S.); (D.M.)
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- ARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy; (V.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Ludovica Ciuffreda
- SAFU, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy;
| | - Michele Milella
- Division of Oncology, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy; (F.S.); (M.M.)
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Gkountakos A, Pilotto S, Mafficini A, Vicentini C, Simbolo M, Milella M, Tortora G, Scarpa A, Bria E, Corbo V. Unmasking the impact of Rictor in cancer: novel insights of mTORC2 complex. Carcinogenesis 2019; 39:971-980. [PMID: 29955840 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic alterations affecting components of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway are found rather frequently in cancers, suggesting that aberrant pathway activity is implicated in oncogenesis of different tumor types. mTOR functions as the core catalytic kinase of two distinct complexes, mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and 2 (mTORC2), which control numerous vital cellular processes. There is growing evidence indicating that Rictor, an essential subunit of the mTORC2 complex, is inappropriately overexpressed across numerous cancer types and this is associated with poor survival. To date, the candidate mechanisms responsible for aberrant Rictor expression described in cancer are two: (i) gene amplification and (ii) epigenetic regulation, mainly by microRNAs. Moreover, different mTOR-independent Rictor-containing complexes with oncogenic role have been documented, revealing alternative routes of Rictor-driven tumorigenesis, but simultaneously, paving the way for identifying novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Here, we review the main preclinical and clinical data regarding the role of Rictor in carcinogenesis and metastatic behavior as well as the potentiality of its alteration as a target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios Gkountakos
- Section of Pathology, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sara Pilotto
- Medical Oncology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Andrea Mafficini
- ARC-NET Applied Research on Cancer Center, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Caterina Vicentini
- Section of Pathology, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,ARC-NET Applied Research on Cancer Center, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Michele Simbolo
- Section of Pathology, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Michele Milella
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Tortora
- Medical Oncology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- Section of Pathology, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,ARC-NET Applied Research on Cancer Center, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Emilio Bria
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Section of Pathology, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,ARC-NET Applied Research on Cancer Center, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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42
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Ponz-Sarvise M, Corbo V, Tiriac H, Engle DD, Frese KK, Oni TE, Hwang CI, Öhlund D, Chio IIC, Baker LA, Filippini D, Wright K, Bapiro TE, Huang P, Smith P, Yu KH, Jodrell DI, Park Y, Tuveson DA. Identification of Resistance Pathways Specific to Malignancy Using Organoid Models of Pancreatic Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:6742-6755. [PMID: 31492749 PMCID: PMC6858952 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-1398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE KRAS is mutated in the majority of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. MAPK and PI3K-AKT are primary KRAS effector pathways, but combined MAPK and PI3K inhibition has not been demonstrated to be clinically effective to date. We explore the resistance mechanisms uniquely employed by malignant cells. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We evaluated the expression and activation of receptor tyrosine kinases in response to combined MEK and AKT inhibition in KPC mice and pancreatic ductal organoids. In addition, we sought to determine the therapeutic efficacy of targeting resistance pathways induced by MEK and AKT inhibition in order to identify malignant-specific vulnerabilities. RESULTS Combined MEK and AKT inhibition modestly extended the survival of KPC mice and increased Egfr and ErbB2 phosphorylation levels. Tumor organoids, but not their normal counterparts, exhibited elevated phosphorylation of ERBB2 and ERBB3 after MEK and AKT blockade. A pan-ERBB inhibitor synergized with MEK and AKT blockade in human PDA organoids, whereas this was not observed for the EGFR inhibitor erlotinib. Combined MEK and ERBB inhibitor treatment of human organoid orthotopic xenografts was sufficient to cause tumor regression in short-term intervention studies. CONCLUSIONS Analyses of normal and tumor pancreatic organoids revealed the importance of ERBB activation during MEK and AKT blockade primarily in the malignant cultures. The lack of ERBB hyperactivation in normal organoids suggests a larger therapeutic index. In our models, pan-ERBB inhibition was synergistic with dual inhibition of MEK and AKT, and the combination of a pan-ERBB inhibitor with MEK antagonists showed the highest activity both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Ponz-Sarvise
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
- Lustgarten Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
- Lustgarten Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
| | - Hervé Tiriac
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
- Lustgarten Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
| | - Dannielle D Engle
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
- Lustgarten Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
| | | | - Tobiloba E Oni
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
- Lustgarten Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Chang-Il Hwang
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
- Lustgarten Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
| | - Daniel Öhlund
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
- Lustgarten Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
| | - Iok In Christine Chio
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
- Lustgarten Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
| | - Lindsey A Baker
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
- Lustgarten Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
| | - Dea Filippini
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
- Lustgarten Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
| | - Kevin Wright
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
- Lustgarten Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
| | - Tashinga E Bapiro
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Paul Smith
- IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth H Yu
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
- Lustgarten Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
- Rubenstein Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Weill Medical College at Cornell University, New York, New York
| | - Duncan I Jodrell
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, The University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Youngkyu Park
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York.
- Lustgarten Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
| | - David A Tuveson
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York.
- Lustgarten Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
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43
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Vicentini C, Mafficini A, Simbolo M, Fassan M, Delfino P, Lawlor RT, Rusev B, Scarpa A, Corbo V. Comparative Lesions Analysis Through a Targeted Sequencing Approach. J Vis Exp 2019. [PMID: 31762465 DOI: 10.3791/59844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessing intra-tumoral heterogeneity (ITH) is of paramount importance to anticipate failure of targeted therapies and design accordingly effective anti-tumor strategies. Although concerns are frequently raised due to differences in sample processing and depth of coverage, next-generation sequencing of solid tumors have unraveled a highly variable degree of ITH across tumor types. Capturing the genetic relatedness between primary and metastatic lesions through the identification of clonal and subclonal populations is critical to the design of therapies for advance-stage diseases. Here, we report a method for comparative lesions analysis that allows for the identification of clonal and subclonal populations among different specimens from the same patient. The experimental approach described here integrates three well-established approaches: histological analysis, high-coverage multi-lesion sequencing, and immunophenotypic analyses. In order to minimize the effects on the detection of subclonal events by inappropriate sample processing, we subjected tissues to careful pathological examination and neoplastic cell enrichment. Quality controlled DNA from neoplastic lesions and normal tissues was then subjected to high coverage sequencing, targeting the coding regions of 409 relevant cancer genes. While only looking at a limited genomic space, our approach enables evaluating the extent of heterogeneity among somatic alterations (single-nucleotide mutations and copy-number variations) in distinct lesions from a given patient. Through comparative analysis of sequencing data, we were able to distinguish clonal vs. subclonal alterations. The majority of ITH is often ascribed to passenger mutations; therefore, we also used immunohistochemistry to predict functional consequences of mutations. While this protocol has been applied to a specific tumor type, we anticipate that the methodology described here is broadly applicable to other solid tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Mafficini
- ARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona
| | - Michele Simbolo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, University of Padua
| | - Pietro Delfino
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona
| | | | - Borislav Rusev
- ARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- ARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona; Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- ARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona; Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona;
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Pilotto S, Vita E, Sperduti I, Noia VPD, Grizzi G, D’Argento E, Simbolo M, Vicentini C, Caliò A, Mafficini A, Carbognin L, Corbo V, Gkountakos A, Santo A, Brunelli M, Martini M, Scarpa A, Milella M, Tortora G, Bria E. Exploring resistance to nivolumab [NIV] applying an Immune Genomic Signature (IGS) in advanced pretreated NSCLC [PRINCiPe study]. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz260.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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45
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Pilotto S, Di Noia V, Sperduti I, Grizzi G, D'Argento E, Simbolo M, Vicentini C, Caliò A, Mafficini A, Carbognin L, Corbo V, Gkountakos A, Vita E, Santo A, Brunelli M, Martini M, Scarpa A, Milella M, Tortora G, Bria E. P2.04-51 A 6-Gene Immune Genomic Signature (IGS) Predicts Resistance to Nivolumab [NIV] in Advanced Pretreated NSCLC: Results of PRINCiPe Trial. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.1556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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46
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Trovato R, Fiore A, Sartori S, Canè S, Giugno R, Cascione L, Paiella S, Salvia R, De Sanctis F, Poffe O, Anselmi C, Hofer F, Sartoris S, Piro G, Carbone C, Corbo V, Lawlor R, Solito S, Pinton L, Mandruzzato S, Bassi C, Scarpa A, Bronte V, Ugel S. Immunosuppression by monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells in patients with pancreatic ductal carcinoma is orchestrated by STAT3. J Immunother Cancer 2019; 7:255. [PMID: 31533831 PMCID: PMC6751612 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-019-0734-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly devastating disease with an overall 5-year survival rate of less than 8%. New evidence indicates that PDAC cells release pro-inflammatory metabolites that induce a marked alteration of normal hematopoiesis, favoring the expansion and accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). We report here that PDAC patients show increased levels of both circulating and tumor-infiltrating MDSC-like cells. Methods The frequency of MDSC subsets in the peripheral blood was determined by flow cytometry in three independent cohorts of PDAC patients (total analyzed patients, n = 117). Frequency of circulating MDSCs was correlated with overall survival of PDAC patients. We also analyzed the frequency of tumor-infiltrating MDSC and the immune landscape in fresh biopsies. Purified myeloid cell subsets were tested in vitro for their T-cell suppressive capacity. Results Correlation with clinical data revealed that MDSC frequency was significantly associated with a shorter patients’ overall survival and metastatic disease. However, the immunosuppressive activity of purified MDSCs was detectable only in some patients and mainly limited to the monocytic subset. A transcriptome analysis of the immunosuppressive M-MDSCs highlighted a distinct gene signature in which STAT3 was crucial for monocyte re-programming. Suppressive M-MDSCs can be characterized as circulating STAT3/arginase1-expressing CD14+ cells. Conclusion MDSC analysis aids in defining the immune landscape of PDAC patients for a more appropriate diagnosis, stratification and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalinda Trovato
- University Hospital and Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fiore
- University Hospital and Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,Present Address: Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Sara Sartori
- University Hospital and Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefania Canè
- University Hospital and Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Rosalba Giugno
- Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Salvatore Paiella
- General and Pancreatic Surgery, Pancreas Institute, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Roberto Salvia
- General and Pancreatic Surgery, Pancreas Institute, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesco De Sanctis
- University Hospital and Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Ornella Poffe
- University Hospital and Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Cristina Anselmi
- University Hospital and Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesca Hofer
- University Hospital and Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Silvia Sartoris
- University Hospital and Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Geny Piro
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmine Carbone
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Department of Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,ARC-Net Centre for Applied Research on Cancer, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Rita Lawlor
- ARC-Net Centre for Applied Research on Cancer, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Samantha Solito
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Section of Oncology and Immunology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Present Address: Centro Piattaforme Tecnologiche (CPT), University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Laura Pinton
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Section of Oncology and Immunology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Susanna Mandruzzato
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Section of Oncology and Immunology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Claudio Bassi
- General and Pancreatic Surgery, Pancreas Institute, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- Department of Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,ARC-Net Centre for Applied Research on Cancer, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bronte
- University Hospital and Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Stefano Ugel
- University Hospital and Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Vicentini C, Galuppini F, Corbo V, Fassan M. Current role of non-coding RNAs in the clinical setting. Noncoding RNA Res 2019; 4:82-85. [PMID: 31891017 PMCID: PMC6926199 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have long been considered as "junk" material of the human genome until functional studies have exposed them as critical regulators of gene expression in both physiological and pathological conditions. Mounting evidences have also shown that ncRNAs may serve as diagnostic markers for several disorders, predictor for drugs response, and targets for new therapeutic approaches. In this mini-review, we discuss the state of the art of non-coding RNAs in drug development and their involvement in conventional treatments response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vincenzo Corbo
- ARC-NET Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, PD, Italy
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48
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Simbolo M, Barbi S, Fassan M, Mafficini A, Ali G, Vicentini C, Sperandio N, Corbo V, Rusev B, Mastracci L, Grillo F, Pilotto S, Pelosi G, Pelliccioni S, Lawlor RT, Tortora G, Fontanini G, Volante M, Scarpa A, Bria E. Gene Expression Profiling of Lung Atypical Carcinoids and Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinomas Identifies Three Transcriptomic Subtypes with Specific Genomic Alterations. J Thorac Oncol 2019; 14:1651-1661. [PMID: 31085341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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49
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Trestini I, Gkountakos A, Carbognin L, Avancini A, Lanza M, Molfino A, Friso S, Corbo V, Tortora G, Scarpa A, Milella M, Bria E, Pilotto S. Muscle derangement and alteration of the nutritional machinery in NSCLC. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2019; 141:43-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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50
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Gkountakos A, Sartori G, Falcone I, Piro G, Ciuffreda L, Carbone C, Tortora G, Scarpa A, Bria E, Milella M, Rosell R, Corbo V, Pilotto S. PTEN in Lung Cancer: Dealing with the Problem, Building on New Knowledge and Turning the Game Around. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11081141. [PMID: 31404976 PMCID: PMC6721522 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common malignancy and cause of cancer deaths worldwide, owing to the dismal prognosis for most affected patients. Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted in chromosome 10 (PTEN) acts as a powerful tumor suppressor gene and even partial reduction of its levels increases cancer susceptibility. While the most validated anti-oncogenic duty of PTEN is the negative regulation of the PI3K/mTOR/Akt oncogenic signaling pathway, further tumor suppressor functions, such as chromosomal integrity and DNA repair have been reported. PTEN protein loss is a frequent event in lung cancer, but genetic alterations are not equally detected. It has been demonstrated that its expression is regulated at multiple genetic and epigenetic levels and deeper delineation of these mechanisms might provide fertile ground for upgrading lung cancer therapeutics. Today, PTEN expression is usually determined by immunohistochemistry and low protein levels have been associated with decreased survival in lung cancer. Moreover, available data involve PTEN mutations and loss of activity with resistance to targeted treatments and immunotherapy. This review discusses the current knowledge about PTEN status in lung cancer, highlighting the prevalence of its alterations in the disease, the regulatory mechanisms and the implications of PTEN on available treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios Gkountakos
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Giulia Sartori
- Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Italia Falcone
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Geny Piro
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Ludovica Ciuffreda
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Carmine Carbone
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Tortora
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
- Center for Applied Research on Cancer (ARC-NET), University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Emilio Bria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Milella
- Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Rafael Rosell
- Germans Trias i Pujol, Health Sciences Institute and Hospital, Campus Can Ruti, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy.
- Center for Applied Research on Cancer (ARC-NET), University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy.
| | - Sara Pilotto
- Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy.
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