1
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Zhao Y, Song C, Wang H, Gai C, Li T, Cheng Y, Liu J, Song Y, Luo Q, Gu B, Liu W, Chai L, Liu D, Wang Z. Polydopamine-Cloaked Nanoarchitectonics of Prussian Blue Nanoparticles Promote Functional Recovery in Neonatal and Adult Ischemic Stroke Models. Biomater Res 2024; 28:0079. [PMID: 39296854 PMCID: PMC11409202 DOI: 10.34133/bmr.0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a devastating disease and one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Overproduction of reactive oxygen species and inflammatory response contribute to secondary damage following ischemic insult. Nanozymes with robust anti-oxidative stress properties possess therapeutic possibility for ischemic insult. However, insufficiency of nanozyme accumulation in the neuronal mitochondria hindered their application. Herein, we constructed polydopamine-coated Prussian blue nanoparticles (PB@PDA NPs) to realize the targeting neuronal mitochondria for ischemic stroke, with the properties of antioxidant and anti-inflammation. After administration, much higher accumulation of PB@PDA NPs in the brain was observed compared to that in the PB NP group. Moreover, PB@PDA NPs effectively attenuated brain infarct than that of PB NPs in neonatal mice following hypoxia-ischemia (HI) insult. PB@PDA NPs mainly colocated with neuronal mitochondria in vivo and in vitro. Apart from attenuating oxidative stress, PB@PDA NPs also suppressed neuronal apoptosis and counteracted inflammation, which effectively promote a short- and long-term functional recovery in HI mice. Further, the therapeutic efficacy of PB@PDA NPs was also found in adult ischemic mice via tail vein injection. Collectively, these findings illustrate that PB@PDA NPs via system injection accumulate in neuronal mitochondria and are beneficial for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijing Zhao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Cong Song
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Haijun Wang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Chengcheng Gai
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yahong Cheng
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Junjie Liu
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Yan Song
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Qian Luo
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Bing Gu
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Weiyang Liu
- Jinan Xicheng Experimental High School, Dezhou Road1999, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Liwei Chai
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Dexiang Liu
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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2
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Mateu-Bosch A, Segur-Bailach E, Muñoz-Moreno E, Barallobre MJ, Arbonés ML, Gea-Sorlí S, Tort F, Ribes A, García-Villoria J, Fillat C. Systemic delivery of AAV-GCDH ameliorates HLD-induced phenotype in a glutaric aciduria type I mouse model. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2024; 32:101276. [PMID: 38983872 PMCID: PMC11231595 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2024.101276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Glutaric aciduria type 1 (GA1) is a rare inherited metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency of glutaryl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase (GCDH), with accumulation of neurotoxic metabolites, resulting in a complex movement disorder, irreversible brain damage, and premature death in untreated individuals. While early diagnosis and a lysine restricted diet can extend survival, they do not prevent neurological damage in approximately one-third of treated patients, and more effective therapies are required. Here we report the efficacy of adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9)-mediated systemic delivery of human GCDH at preventing a high lysine diet (HLD)-induced phenotype in Gcdh -/- mice. Neonatal treatment with AAV-GCDH restores GCDH expression and enzyme activity in liver and striatum. This treatment protects the mice from HLD-aggressive phenotype with all mice surviving this exposure; in stark contrast, a lack of treatment on an HLD triggers very high accumulation of glutaric acid, 3-hydroxyglutaric acid, and glutarylcarnitine in tissues, with about 60% death due to brain accumulation of toxic lysine metabolites. AAV-GCDH significantly ameliorates the striatal neuropathology, minimizing neuronal dysfunction, gliosis, and alterations in myelination. Magnetic resonance imaging findings show protection against striatal injury. Altogether, these results provide preclinical evidence to support AAV-GCDH gene therapy for GA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mateu-Bosch
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eulàlia Segur-Bailach
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emma Muñoz-Moreno
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María José Barallobre
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona, IBMB-CSIC, Parc Científic de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Lourdes Arbonés
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona, IBMB-CSIC, Parc Científic de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sabrina Gea-Sorlí
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Frederic Tort
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Secció d'Errors Congènits del Metabolisme-IBC, Servei de Bioquímica i Genètica Molecular, Hospital Clínic, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonia Ribes
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Secció d'Errors Congènits del Metabolisme-IBC, Servei de Bioquímica i Genètica Molecular, Hospital Clínic, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judit García-Villoria
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Secció d'Errors Congènits del Metabolisme-IBC, Servei de Bioquímica i Genètica Molecular, Hospital Clínic, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Fillat
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut. Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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3
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Murakami Y, Umeshita S, Imanishi K, Yoshioka Y, Ninomiya A, Sunabori T, Likhite S, Koike M, Meyer KC, Kinoshita T. AAV-based gene therapy ameliorated CNS-specific GPI defect in mouse models. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2024; 32:101176. [PMID: 38225934 PMCID: PMC10788267 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2023.101176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Thirty genes are involved in the biosynthesis and modification of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins, and defects in these genes cause inherited GPI deficiency (IGD). PIGA is X-linked and involved in the first step of GPI biosynthesis, and only males are affected by variations in this gene. The main symptoms of IGD are neurological abnormalities, such as developmental delay and seizures. There is no effective treatment at present. We crossed Nestin-Cre mice with Piga-floxed mice to generate CNS-specific Piga knockout (KO) mice. Hemizygous KO male mice died by P10 with severely defective growth. Heterozygous Piga KO female mice are mosaic for Piga expression and showed severe defects in growth and myelination and died by P25. Using these mouse models, we evaluated the effect of gene replacement therapy with adeno-associated virus (AAV). It expressed efficacy within 6 days, and the survival of male mice was extended to up to 3 weeks, whereas 40% of female mice survived for approximately 1 year and the growth defect was improved. However, liver cancer developed in all three treated female mice at 1 year of age, which was probably caused by the AAV vector bearing a strong CAG promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Murakami
- Laboratory of Immunoglycobiology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Saori Umeshita
- Laboratory of Immunoglycobiology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kae Imanishi
- Laboratory of Immunoglycobiology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshichika Yoshioka
- Graduate School of Frontier Bioscience, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Information and Neural Networks, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akinori Ninomiya
- Central Instrumentation Laboratory, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takehiko Sunabori
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shibi Likhite
- Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Masato Koike
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kathrin C. Meyer
- Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Taroh Kinoshita
- Laboratory of Immunoglycobiology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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4
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Gleichman AJ, Kawaguchi R, Sofroniew MV, Carmichael ST. A toolbox of astrocyte-specific, serotype-independent adeno-associated viral vectors using microRNA targeting sequences. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7426. [PMID: 37973910 PMCID: PMC10654773 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42746-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes, one of the most prevalent cell types in the central nervous system (CNS), are critically involved in neural function. Genetically manipulating astrocytes is an essential tool in understanding and affecting their roles. Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) enable rapid genetic manipulation; however, astrocyte specificity of AAVs can be limited, with high off-target expression in neurons and sparsely in endothelial cells. Here, we report the development of a cassette of four copies of six miRNA targeting sequences (4x6T) which triggers transgene degradation specifically in neurons and endothelial cells. In combination with the GfaABC1D promoter, 4x6T increases astrocytic specificity of Cre with a viral reporter from <50% to >99% in multiple serotypes in mice, and confers astrocyte specificity in multiple recombinases and reporters. We also present empty vectors to add 4x6T to other cargo, independently and in Cre/Dre-dependent forms. This toolbox of AAVs allows rapid manipulation of astrocytes throughout the CNS, is compatible with different AAV serotypes, and demonstrates the efficacy of using multiplexed miRNA targeting sequences to decrease expression in multiple off-target cell populations simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy J Gleichman
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Riki Kawaguchi
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael V Sofroniew
- Department of Neurobiology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S Thomas Carmichael
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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5
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Pocratsky AM, Sleigh JN. Intraperitoneal Injection of Neonatal Mice. Bio Protoc 2023; 13:e4826. [PMID: 37753468 PMCID: PMC10518777 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Administration of substances into neonatal mice is required for early treatment with pre-clinical therapeutics, delivery of recombination-inducing substances, and dosing with viruses or toxins, amongst other things. Several injection routes into mouse pups are possible, including intravenous and intracerebroventricular, each with their own advantages and limitations. Here, we describe a simple and rapid protocol for the intraperitoneal injection of neonatal mice for systemic dosing. By detaching a 30-gauge needle from its plastic hub and inserting it into polyethylene tubing attached to a Hamilton syringe, small volumes (1-10 μL) can be accurately injected into the peritoneal cavity of pups aged 1-5 days old. The procedure can be completed within a few minutes, is generally safe and well tolerated by both pups and parents, and can be used in combination with alternative administration routes. Key features • This protocol provides a simple description to rapidly and efficiently inject mouse pups aged 1-5 days for systemic dosing. • Allows treatment of neonatal mice with substances such as viruses and compounds for research across disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M. Pocratsky
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - James N. Sleigh
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London, UK
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6
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Ophir O, Levy G, Bar E, Kimchi Feldhorn O, Rokach M, Elad Sfadia G, Barak B. Deletion of Gtf2i via Systemic Administration of AAV-PHP.eB Virus Increases Social Behavior in a Mouse Model of a Neurodevelopmental Disorder. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2273. [PMID: 37626769 PMCID: PMC10452363 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Williams syndrome (WS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by distinctive cognitive and personality profiles which also impacts various physiological systems. The syndrome arises from the deletion of about 25 genes located on chromosome 7q11.23, including Gtf2i. Prior research indicated a strong association between pre-natal Gtf2i deletion, and the hyper-social phenotypes observed in WS, as well as myelination deficits. As most studies addressed pre-natal Gtf2i deletion in mouse models, post-natal neuronal roles of Gtf2i were unknown. To investigate the impact of post-natal deletion of neuronal Gtf2i on hyper-sociability, we intravenously injected an AAV-PHP.eB virus expressing Cre-recombinase under the control of αCaMKII, a promoter in a mouse model with floxed Gtf2i. This targeted deletion was performed in young mice, allowing for precise and efficient brain-wide infection leading to the exclusive removal of Gtf2i from excitatory neurons. As a result of such gene deletion, the mice displayed hyper-sociability, increased anxiety, impaired cognition, and hyper-mobility, relative to controls. These findings highlight the potential of systemic viral manipulation as a gene-editing technique to modulate behavior-regulating genes during the post-natal stage, thus presenting novel therapeutic approaches for addressing neurodevelopmental dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Ophir
- The Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Gilad Levy
- The Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Ela Bar
- The School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- The School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry & Biophysics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | | | - May Rokach
- The Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Galit Elad Sfadia
- The School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Boaz Barak
- The Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- The School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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7
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Wei W, Riley NM, Lyu X, Shen X, Guo J, Raun SH, Zhao M, Moya-Garzon MD, Basu H, Sheng-Hwa Tung A, Li VL, Huang W, Wiggenhorn AL, Svensson KJ, Snyder MP, Bertozzi CR, Long JZ. Organism-wide, cell-type-specific secretome mapping of exercise training in mice. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1261-1279.e11. [PMID: 37141889 PMCID: PMC10524249 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
There is a significant interest in identifying blood-borne factors that mediate tissue crosstalk and function as molecular effectors of physical activity. Although past studies have focused on an individual molecule or cell type, the organism-wide secretome response to physical activity has not been evaluated. Here, we use a cell-type-specific proteomic approach to generate a 21-cell-type, 10-tissue map of exercise training-regulated secretomes in mice. Our dataset identifies >200 exercise training-regulated cell-type-secreted protein pairs, the majority of which have not been previously reported. Pdgfra-cre-labeled secretomes were the most responsive to exercise training. Finally, we show anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, and exercise performance-enhancing activities for proteoforms of intracellular carboxylesterases whose secretion from the liver is induced by exercise training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nicholas M Riley
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Xuchao Lyu
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Wu Tsai Human Performance Alliance, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Xiaotao Shen
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94035, USA
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Steffen H Raun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Meng Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Maria Dolores Moya-Garzon
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Himanish Basu
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alan Sheng-Hwa Tung
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Veronica L Li
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Wentao Huang
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Amanda L Wiggenhorn
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Katrin J Svensson
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Michael P Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94035, USA; Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Carolyn R Bertozzi
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jonathan Z Long
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Wu Tsai Human Performance Alliance, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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8
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Chai AC, Chemello F, Li H, Nishiyama T, Chen K, Zhang Y, Sánchez-Ortiz E, Alomar A, Xu L, Liu N, Bassel-Duby R, Olson EN. Single-swap editing for the correction of common Duchenne muscular dystrophy mutations. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 32:522-535. [PMID: 37215149 PMCID: PMC10192335 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal X-linked recessive disease of progressive muscle weakness and wasting caused by the absence of dystrophin protein. Current gene therapy approaches using antisense oligonucleotides require lifelong dosing and have limited efficacy in restoring dystrophin production. A gene editing approach could permanently correct the genome and restore dystrophin protein expression. Here, we describe single-swap editing, in which an adenine base editor edits a single base pair at a splice donor site or splice acceptor site to enable exon skipping or reframing. In human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, we demonstrate that single-swap editing can enable beneficial exon skipping or reframing for the three most therapeutically relevant exons-DMD exons 45, 51, and 53-which could be beneficial for 30% of all DMD patients. Furthermore, an adeno-associated virus delivery method for base editing components can efficiently restore dystrophin production locally and systemically in skeletal and cardiac muscles of a DMD mouse model containing a deletion of Dmd exon 44. Our studies demonstrate single-swap editing as a potential gene editing therapy for common DMD mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas C. Chai
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Francesco Chemello
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Takahiko Nishiyama
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Kenian Chen
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Efraín Sánchez-Ortiz
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Adeeb Alomar
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Lin Xu
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Rhonda Bassel-Duby
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Eric N. Olson
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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9
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Grødem S, Nymoen I, Vatne GH, Rogge FS, Björnsdóttir V, Lensjø KK, Fyhn M. An updated suite of viral vectors for in vivo calcium imaging using intracerebral and retro-orbital injections in male mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:608. [PMID: 36739289 PMCID: PMC9899252 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36324-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetically encoded Ca2+ indicators (GECIs) are widely used to measure neural activity. Here, we explore the use of systemically administered PHP.eB AAVs for brain-wide expression of GECIs and compare the expression properties to intracerebrally injected AAVs in male mice. We show that systemic administration is a promising strategy for imaging neural activity. Next, we establish the use of EE-RR- (soma) and RPL10a (Ribo) soma-targeting peptides with the latest jGCaMP and show that EE-RR-tagged jGCaMP8 gives rise to strong expression but limited soma-targeting. In contrast, Ribo-tagged jGCaMP8 lacks neuropil signal, but the expression rate is reduced. To combat this, we modified the linker region of the Ribo-tag (RiboL1-). RiboL1-jGCaMP8 expresses faster than Ribo-jGCaMP8 but remains too dim for reliable use with systemic virus administration. However, intracerebral injections of the RiboL1-tagged jGCaMP8 constructs provide strong Ca2+ signals devoid of neuropil contamination, with remarkable labeling density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sverre Grødem
- Center for Integrative Neuroplasticity, Department of Bioscience, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingeborg Nymoen
- Center for Integrative Neuroplasticity, Department of Bioscience, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Guro Helén Vatne
- Center for Integrative Neuroplasticity, Department of Bioscience, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Frederik Sebastian Rogge
- Center for Integrative Neuroplasticity, Department of Bioscience, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Valgerður Björnsdóttir
- Center for Integrative Neuroplasticity, Department of Bioscience, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristian Kinden Lensjø
- Center for Integrative Neuroplasticity, Department of Bioscience, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Marianne Fyhn
- Center for Integrative Neuroplasticity, Department of Bioscience, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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10
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Lanis JM, Lewis MS, Strassburger H, Larsen K, Bagby SM, Dominguez ATA, Marín-Jiménez JA, Pelanda R, Pitts TM, Lang J. Testing Cancer Immunotherapeutics in a Humanized Mouse Model Bearing Human Tumors. J Vis Exp 2022:10.3791/64606. [PMID: 36591990 PMCID: PMC11167650 DOI: 10.3791/64606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Reversing the immunosuppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment is critical for the successful treatment of cancers with immunotherapy drugs. Murine cancer models are extremely limited in their diversity and suffer from poor translation to the clinic. To serve as a more physiological preclinical model for immunotherapy studies, this protocol has been developed to evaluate the treatment of human tumors in a mouse reconstituted with a human immune system. This unique protocol demonstrates the development of human immune system (HIS, "humanized") mice, followed by implantation of a human tumor, either a cell-line derived xenograft (CDX) or a patient derived xenograft (PDX). HIS mice are generated by injecting CD34+ human hematopoietic stem cells isolated from umbilical cord blood into neonatal BRGS (BALB/c Rag2-/- IL2RγC-/- NODSIRPα) highly immunodeficient mice that are also capable of accepting a xenogeneic tumor. The importance of the kinetics and characteristics of the human immune system development and tumor implantation is emphasized. Finally, an in-depth evaluation of the tumor microenvironment using flow cytometry is described. In numerous studies using this protocol, it was found that the tumor microenvironment of individual tumors is recapitulated in HIS-PDX mice; "hot" tumors exhibit large immune infiltration while "cold" tumors do not. This model serves as a testing ground for combination immunotherapies for a wide range of human tumors and represents an important tool in the quest for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi M Lanis
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Matthew S Lewis
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Hannah Strassburger
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Kristina Larsen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Stacey M Bagby
- Division of Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Adrian T A Dominguez
- Division of Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Juan A Marín-Jiménez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-L'Hospitalet)
| | - Roberta Pelanda
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Todd M Pitts
- Division of Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Julie Lang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus;
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11
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Gene augmentation prevents retinal degeneration in a CRISPR/Cas9-based mouse model of PRPF31 retinitis pigmentosa. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7695. [PMID: 36509783 PMCID: PMC9744804 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35361-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in PRPF31 cause autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa, an untreatable form of blindness. Gene therapy is a promising treatment for PRPF31-retinitis pigmentosa, however, there are currently no suitable animal models in which to develop AAV-mediated gene augmentation. Here we establish Prpf31 mutant mouse models using AAV-mediated CRISPR/Cas9 knockout, and characterize the resulting retinal degeneration phenotype. Mouse models with early-onset morphological and functional impairments like those in patients were established, providing new platforms in which to investigate pathogenetic mechanisms and develop therapeutic methods. AAV-mediated PRPF31 gene augmentation restored the retinal structure and function in a rapidly degenerating mouse model, demonstrating the first in vivo proof-of-concept for AAV-mediated gene therapy to treat PRPF31-retinitis pigmentosa. AAV-CRISPR/Cas9-PRPF31 knockout constructs also mediated efficient PRPF31 knockout in human and non-human primate retinal explants, laying a foundation for establishing non-human primate models using the method developed here.
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12
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Lopes MM, Paysan J, Rino J, Lopes SM, Pereira de Almeida L, Cortes L, Nobre RJ. A new protocol for whole-brain biodistribution analysis of AAVs by tissue clearing, light-sheet microscopy and semi-automated spatial quantification. Gene Ther 2022; 29:665-679. [PMID: 36316447 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-022-00372-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) has become one of the most promising gene delivery systems for both in vitro and in vivo applications. However, a key challenge is the lack of suitable imaging technologies to evaluate delivery, biodistribution and tropism of rAAVs and efficiently monitor disease amelioration promoted by AAV-based therapies at a whole-organ level with single-cell resolution. Therefore, we aimed to establish a new pipeline for the biodistribution analysis of natural and new variants of AAVs at a whole-brain level by tissue clearing and light-sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM). To test this platform, neonatal C57BL/6 mice were intravenously injected with rAAV9 encoding EGFP and, after sacrifice, brains were processed by standard immunohistochemistry and a recently released aqueous-based clearing procedure. This clearing technique required no dedicated equipment and rendered highly cleared brains, while simultaneously preserving endogenous fluorescence. Moreover, three-dimensional imaging by LSFM allowed the quantitative analysis of EGFP at a whole-brain level, as well as the reconstruction of Purkinje cells for the retrieval of valuable morphological information inaccessible by standard immunohistochemistry. In conclusion, the pipeline herein described takes the AAVs to a new level when coupled to LSFM, proving its worth as a bioimaging tool in tropism and gene therapy studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel M Lopes
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- IIIUC - Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - José Rino
- iMM - Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sara M Lopes
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- IIIUC - Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís Pereira de Almeida
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
- CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
- ViraVector - Viral Vectors for Gene Transfer Core Facility, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
- FFUC - Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Luísa Cortes
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
- CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
- IIIUC - Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
- MICC-CNC - Microscopy Imaging Center of Coimbra - CNC, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Rui Jorge Nobre
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
- CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
- IIIUC - Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
- ViraVector - Viral Vectors for Gene Transfer Core Facility, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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13
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Deng Y, Bi M, Delerue F, Forrest SL, Chan G, van der Hoven J, van Hummel A, Feiten AF, Lee S, Martinez-Valbuena I, Karl T, Kovacs GG, Morahan G, Ke YD, Ittner LM. Loss of LAMP5 interneurons drives neuronal network dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease. Acta Neuropathol 2022; 144:637-650. [PMID: 35780436 PMCID: PMC9467963 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-022-02457-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In Alzheimer's disease (AD), where amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau deposits in the brain, hyperexcitation of neuronal networks is an underlying disease mechanism, but its cause remains unclear. Here, we used the Collaborative Cross (CC) forward genetics mouse platform to identify modifier genes of neuronal hyperexcitation. We found LAMP5 as a novel regulator of hyperexcitation in mice, critical for the survival of distinct interneuron populations. Interestingly, synaptic LAMP5 was lost in AD brains and LAMP5 interneurons degenerated in different AD mouse models. Genetic reduction of LAMP5 augmented functional deficits and neuronal network hypersynchronicity in both Aβ- and tau-driven AD mouse models. To this end, our work defines the first specific function of LAMP5 interneurons in neuronal network hyperexcitation in AD and dementia with tau pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Deng
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Mian Bi
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Fabien Delerue
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Shelley L Forrest
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Gabriella Chan
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Julia van der Hoven
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Annika van Hummel
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Astrid F Feiten
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Seojin Lee
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Ivan Martinez-Valbuena
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Tim Karl
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, 2560, Australia
| | - Gabor G Kovacs
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program and Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada
| | - Grant Morahan
- Centre for Diabetes Research, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Yazi D Ke
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Lars M Ittner
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
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14
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Apert C, Galindo-Albarrán AO, Castan S, Detraves C, Michaud H, McJannett N, Haegeman B, Fillatreau S, Malissen B, Holländer G, Žuklys S, Santamaria JC, Joffre OP, Romagnoli P, van Meerwijk JPM. IL-2 and IL-15 drive intrathymic development of distinct periphery-seeding CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T lymphocytes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:965303. [PMID: 36159793 PMCID: PMC9495261 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.965303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of Foxp3-expressing regulatory T-lymphocytes (Treg) in the thymus is controlled by signals delivered in T-cell precursors via the TCR, co-stimulatory receptors, and cytokine receptors. In absence of IL-2, IL-15 or their receptors, fewer Treg apparently develop in the thymus. However, it was recently shown that a substantial part of thymic Treg are cells that had recirculated from the periphery back to the thymus, troubling interpretation of these results. We therefore reassessed the involvement of IL-2 and IL-15 in the development of Treg, taking into account Treg-recirculation. At the age of three weeks, when in wt and IL-15-deficient (but not in IL-2-deficient) mice substantial amounts of recirculating Treg are present in the thymus, we found similarly reduced proportions of newly developed Treg in absence of IL-2 or IL-15, and in absence of both cytokines even less Treg developed. In neonates, when practically no recirculating Treg were found in the thymus, the absence of IL-2 led to substantially more reduced Treg-development than deficiency in IL-15. IL-2 but not IL-15 modulated the CD25, GITR, OX40, and CD73-phenotypes of the thymus-egress-competent and periphery-seeding Treg-population. Interestingly, IL-2 and IL-15 also modulated the TCR-repertoire expressed by developing Treg. Upon transfer into Treg-less Foxp3sf mice, newly developed Treg from IL-2- (and to a much lesser extent IL-15-) deficient mice suppressed immunopathology less efficiently than wt Treg. Taken together, our results firmly establish important non-redundant quantitative and qualitative roles for IL-2 and, to a lesser extent, IL-15 in intrathymic Treg-development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Apert
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), INSERM UMR1291 – CNRS UMR5051 – University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Ariel O. Galindo-Albarrán
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), INSERM UMR1291 – CNRS UMR5051 – University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, CNRS, Moulis, France
| | - Sarah Castan
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), INSERM UMR1291 – CNRS UMR5051 – University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Claire Detraves
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), INSERM UMR1291 – CNRS UMR5051 – University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Héloise Michaud
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), INSERM UMR1291 – CNRS UMR5051 – University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicola McJannett
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), INSERM UMR1291 – CNRS UMR5051 – University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Bart Haegeman
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, CNRS, Moulis, France
| | - Simon Fillatreau
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Inserm U1151, CNRS UMR8253, Paris, France
- Université de Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Bernard Malissen
- Centre d’Immunophénomique (CIPHE), Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Georg Holländer
- Paediatric Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Children’s Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Paediatrics and the Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Saulius Žuklys
- Paediatric Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Children’s Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jérémy C. Santamaria
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), INSERM UMR1291 – CNRS UMR5051 – University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Olivier P. Joffre
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), INSERM UMR1291 – CNRS UMR5051 – University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Paola Romagnoli
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), INSERM UMR1291 – CNRS UMR5051 – University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Joost P. M. van Meerwijk
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), INSERM UMR1291 – CNRS UMR5051 – University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
- *Correspondence: Joost P. M. van Meerwijk,
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15
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Kuwayama R, Suzuki K, Nakamura J, Aizawa E, Yoshioka Y, Ikawa M, Nabatame S, Inoue KI, Shimmyo Y, Ozono K, Kinoshita T, Murakami Y. Establishment of mouse model of inherited PIGO deficiency and therapeutic potential of AAV-based gene therapy. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3107. [PMID: 35661110 PMCID: PMC9166810 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30847-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) deficiency (IGD) is caused by mutations in GPI biosynthesis genes. The mechanisms of its systemic, especially neurological, symptoms are not clarified and fundamental therapy has not been established. Here, we report establishment of mouse models of IGD caused by PIGO mutations as well as development of effective gene therapy. As the clinical manifestations of IGD are systemic and lifelong lasting, we treated the mice with adeno-associated virus for homology-independent knock-in as well as extra-chromosomal expression of Pigo cDNA. Significant amelioration of neuronal phenotypes and growth defect was achieved, opening a new avenue for curing IGDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoko Kuwayama
- Yabumoto Department of Intractable disease research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Suzuki
- Graduate School of Frontier Bioscience, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Institute for Advanced Co-Creation Studies, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Nakamura
- Graduate School of Frontier Bioscience, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Emi Aizawa
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshichika Yoshioka
- Graduate School of Frontier Bioscience, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Center for Information and Neural Networks, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) and Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahito Ikawa
- Department of Experimental Genome Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shin Nabatame
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Inoue
- Systems Neuroscience Section, Department of Neuroscience, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Keiichi Ozono
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Taroh Kinoshita
- Yabumoto Department of Intractable disease research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Immunoglycobiology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Murakami
- Yabumoto Department of Intractable disease research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
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16
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Tornabene P, Ferla R, Llado-Santaeularia M, Centrulo M, Dell'Anno M, Esposito F, Marrocco E, Pone E, Minopoli R, Iodice C, Nusco E, Rossi S, Lyubenova H, Manfredi A, Di Filippo L, Iuliano A, Torella A, Piluso G, Musacchia F, Surace EM, Cacchiarelli D, Nigro V, Auricchio A. Therapeutic homology-independent targeted integration in retina and liver. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1963. [PMID: 35414130 PMCID: PMC9005519 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29550-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Challenges to the widespread application of gene therapy with adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors include dominant conditions due to gain-of-function mutations which require allele-specific knockout, as well as long-term transgene expression from proliferating tissues, which is hampered by AAV DNA episomal status. To overcome these challenges, we used CRISPR/Cas9-mediated homology-independent targeted integration (HITI) in retina and liver as paradigmatic target tissues. We show that AAV-HITI targets photoreceptors of both mouse and pig retina, and this results in significant improvements to retinal morphology and function in mice with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa. In addition, we show that neonatal systemic AAV-HITI delivery achieves stable liver transgene expression and phenotypic improvement in a mouse model of a severe lysosomal storage disease. We also show that HITI applications predominantly result in on-target editing. These results lay the groundwork for the application of AAV-HITI for the treatment of diseases affecting various organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Tornabene
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy.,Medical Genetics, Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Rita Ferla
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy.,Medical Genetics, Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Miriam Centrulo
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Margherita Dell'Anno
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy.,Medical Genetics, Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Esposito
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Elena Marrocco
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Emanuela Pone
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy.,Medical Genetics, Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Renato Minopoli
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Carolina Iodice
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Edoardo Nusco
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Settimio Rossi
- Eye Clinic, Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Anna Manfredi
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy.,Next Generation Diagnostic Srl, 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Iuliano
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Annalaura Torella
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy.,Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Giulio Piluso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Enrico Maria Surace
- Medical Genetics, Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Cacchiarelli
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nigro
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy.,Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Auricchio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy. .,Medical Genetics, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, 80131, Naples, Italy.
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17
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Scn1a gene reactivation after symptom onset rescues pathological phenotypes in a mouse model of Dravet syndrome. Nat Commun 2022; 13:161. [PMID: 35013317 PMCID: PMC8748984 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27837-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dravet syndrome is a severe epileptic encephalopathy caused primarily by haploinsufficiency of the SCN1A gene. Repetitive seizures can lead to endurable and untreatable neurological deficits. Whether this severe pathology is reversible after symptom onset remains unknown. To address this question, we generated a Scn1a conditional knock-in mouse model (Scn1a Stop/+) in which Scn1a expression can be re-activated on-demand during the mouse lifetime. Scn1a gene disruption leads to the development of seizures, often associated with sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) and behavioral alterations including hyperactivity, social interaction deficits and cognitive impairment starting from the second/third week of age. However, we showed that Scn1a gene re-activation when symptoms were already manifested (P30) led to a complete rescue of both spontaneous and thermic inducible seizures, marked amelioration of behavioral abnormalities and normalization of hippocampal fast-spiking interneuron firing. We also identified dramatic gene expression alterations, including those associated with astrogliosis in Dravet syndrome mice, that, accordingly, were rescued by Scn1a gene expression normalization at P30. Interestingly, regaining of Nav1.1 physiological level rescued seizures also in adult Dravet syndrome mice (P90) after months of repetitive attacks. Overall, these findings represent a solid proof-of-concept highlighting that disease phenotype reversibility can be achieved when Scn1a gene activity is efficiently reconstituted in brain cells. Dravet syndrome is a devastating epileptic encephalopathy caused by Scn1a gene haploinsufficiency. Exploiting a novel knock-in mouse model, here the authors show that restoring Scn1a expression after symptom onset is sufficient to rescue main phenotypic manifestations of the syndrome.
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18
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Pickar-Oliver A, Gough V, Bohning JD, Liu S, Robinson-Hamm JN, Daniels H, Majoros WH, Devlin G, Asokan A, Gersbach CA. Full-length dystrophin restoration via targeted exon integration by AAV-CRISPR in a humanized mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Mol Ther 2021; 29:3243-3257. [PMID: 34509668 PMCID: PMC8571168 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted gene-editing strategies have emerged as promising therapeutic approaches for the permanent treatment of inherited genetic diseases. However, precise gene correction and insertion approaches using homology-directed repair are still limited by low efficiencies. Consequently, many gene-editing strategies have focused on removal or disruption, rather than repair, of genomic DNA. In contrast, homology-independent targeted integration (HITI) has been reported to effectively insert DNA sequences at targeted genomic loci. This approach could be particularly useful for restoring full-length sequences of genes affected by a spectrum of mutations that are also too large to deliver by conventional adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors. Here, we utilize an AAV-based, HITI-mediated approach for correction of full-length dystrophin expression in a humanized mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). We co-deliver CRISPR-Cas9 and a donor DNA sequence to insert the missing human exon 52 into its corresponding position within the DMD gene and achieve full-length dystrophin correction in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Additionally, as a proof-of-concept strategy to correct genetic mutations characterized by diverse patient mutations, we deliver a superexon donor encoding the last 28 exons of the DMD gene as a therapeutic strategy to restore full-length dystrophin in >20% of the DMD patient population. This work highlights the potential of HITI-mediated gene correction for diverse DMD mutations and advances genome editing toward realizing the promise of full-length gene restoration to treat genetic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Pickar-Oliver
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Room 1427 FCIEMAS, 101 Science Drive, Box 90281, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Veronica Gough
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Room 1427 FCIEMAS, 101 Science Drive, Box 90281, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Joel D Bohning
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Room 1427 FCIEMAS, 101 Science Drive, Box 90281, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Siyan Liu
- Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Graduate Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Jacqueline N Robinson-Hamm
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Room 1427 FCIEMAS, 101 Science Drive, Box 90281, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Heather Daniels
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Room 1427 FCIEMAS, 101 Science Drive, Box 90281, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - William H Majoros
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Center for Statistical Genetics and Genomics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Division of Integrative Genomics, Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Garth Devlin
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Aravind Asokan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Room 1427 FCIEMAS, 101 Science Drive, Box 90281, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Regeneration Next Initiative, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Charles A Gersbach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Room 1427 FCIEMAS, 101 Science Drive, Box 90281, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Graduate Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Regeneration Next Initiative, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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19
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Yang L, Slone J, Li Z, Lou X, Hu YC, Queme LF, Jankowski MP, Huang T. Systemic administration of AAV-Slc25a46 mitigates mitochondrial neuropathy in Slc25a46-/- mice. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 29:649-661. [PMID: 31943007 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial disorders are the result of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA mutations that affect multiple organs, with the central and peripheral nervous system often affected. Currently, there is no cure for mitochondrial disorders. Currently, gene therapy offers a novel approach for treating monogenetic disorders, including nuclear genes associated with mitochondrial disorders. We utilized a mouse model carrying a knockout of the mitochondrial fusion-fission-related gene solute carrier family 25 member 46 (Slc25a46) and treated them with neurotrophic AAV-PHP.B vector carrying the mouse Slc25a46 coding sequence. Thereafter, we used immunofluorescence staining and western blot to test the transduction efficiency of this vector. Toluidine blue staining and electronic microscopy were utilized to assess the morphology of optic and sciatic nerves following treatment, and the morphology and respiratory chain activity of mitochondria within these tissues were determined as well. The adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector effectively transduced in the cerebrum, cerebellum, heart, liver and sciatic nerves. AAV-Slc25a46 treatment was able to rescue the premature death in the mutant mice (Slc25a46-/-). The treatment-improved electronic conductivity of the peripheral nerves increased mobility and restored mitochondrial complex activities. Most notably, mitochondrial morphology inside the tissues of both the central and peripheral nervous systems was normalized, and the neurodegeneration, chronic neuroinflammation and loss of Purkinje cell dendrites observed within the mutant mice were alleviated. Overall, our study shows that AAV-PHP.B's neurotrophic properties are plausible for treating conditions where the central nervous system is affected, such as many mitochondrial diseases, and that AAV-Slc25a46 could be a novel approach for treating SLC25A46-related mitochondrial disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jesse Slone
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Zhuo Li
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Xiaoting Lou
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,School of Laboratory Medicine and Life sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yueh-Chiang Hu
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Luis F Queme
- Division of Anesthesia, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Michael P Jankowski
- Division of Anesthesia, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Taosheng Huang
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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20
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Prabhakar S, Lule S, DA Hora CC, Breakefield XO, Cheah PS. AAV9 transduction mediated by systemic delivery of vector via retro-orbital injection in newborn, neonatal and juvenile mice. Exp Anim 2021; 70:450-458. [PMID: 34039790 PMCID: PMC8614020 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.20-0186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based gene therapy is gaining popularity owing to its excellent safety profile and effective therapeutic outcomes in a number of diseases. Intravenous (IV)
injection of AAV into the tail vein, facial vein and retro-orbital (RO) venous sinus have all been useful strategies to infuse the viral vector systemically. However, tail vein injection is
technically challenging in juvenile mice, and injection at young ages (≤ postnatal day-(P)21) is essentially impossible. The temporal or facial vein is localized anterior to the ear bud and
is markedly visible in the first couple of days postnatally. However, this method is age-dependent and requires a dissecting microscope. Retro-orbital injection (ROI), on the other hand, is
suitable for all murine ages, including newborn and older mice, and is relatively less stressful to animals compared to tail vein injection. Although many reports have shown ROI as an
effective route of AAV delivery, herein we aim to highlight and summarize the methods and benefits of ROI. To capture the full spectrum of transduction efficiency mediated by ROI, we
transduced the editing-dependent reporter mice (Ai9 Cre reporter mice) with the AAV9 vector, which targets a wide range of peripheral tissues with exceptional brain tropism. We also provide
a comprehensive description of the ROI technique to facilitate viral vector administration without complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Prabhakar
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School.,Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital
| | - Sevda Lule
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School.,Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital
| | - Cintia Carla DA Hora
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School.,Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital
| | - Xandra O Breakefield
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School.,Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital
| | - Pike See Cheah
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School.,Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital.,Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia
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21
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Arnaoutova I, Zhang L, Chen HD, Mansfield BC, Chou JY. Correction of metabolic abnormalities in a mouse model of glycogen storage disease type Ia by CRISPR/Cas9-based gene editing. Mol Ther 2021; 29:1602-1610. [PMID: 33359667 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycogen storage disease type Ia (GSD-Ia), deficient in glucose-6-phosphatase-α (G6PC), is characterized by impaired glucose homeostasis and a hallmark of fasting hypoglycemia. We have developed a recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector-mediated gene therapy for GSD-Ia that is currently in a phase I/II clinical trial. While therapeutic expression of the episomal rAAV-G6PC clinical vector is stable in mice, the long-term durability of expression in humans is currently being established. Here we evaluated CRISPR/Cas9-based in vivo genome editing technology to correct a prevalent pathogenic human variant, G6PC-p.R83C. We have generated a homozygous G6pc-R83C mouse strain and shown that the G6pc-R83C mice manifest impaired glucose homeostasis and frequent hypoglycemic seizures, mimicking the pathophysiology of GSD-Ia patients. We then used a CRISPR/Cas9-based gene editing system to treat newborn G6pc-R83C mice and showed that the treated mice grew normally to age 16 weeks without hypoglycemia seizures. The treated G6pc-R83C mice, expressing ≥ 3% of normal hepatic G6Pase-α activity, maintained glucose homeostasis, displayed normalized blood metabolites, and could sustain 24 h of fasting. Taken together, we have developed a second-generation therapy in which in vivo correction of a pathogenic G6PC-p.R83C variant in its native genetic locus could lead to potentially permanent, durable, long-term correction of the GSD-Ia phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Arnaoutova
- Section on Cellular Differentiation, Division of Translational Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lisa Zhang
- Section on Cellular Differentiation, Division of Translational Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hung-Dar Chen
- Section on Cellular Differentiation, Division of Translational Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Janice Y Chou
- Section on Cellular Differentiation, Division of Translational Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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22
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Lee B, Cho Y. Experimental Model Systems for Understanding Human Axonal Injury Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E474. [PMID: 33418850 PMCID: PMC7824864 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons are structurally unique and have dendrites and axons that are vulnerable to injury. Some neurons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) can regenerate their axons after injuries. However, most neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) fail to do so, resulting in irreversible neurological disorders. To understand the mechanisms of axon regeneration, various experimental models have been utilized in vivo and in vitro. Here, we collate the key experimental models that revealed the important mechanisms regulating axon regeneration and degeneration in different systems. We also discuss the advantages of experimenting with the rodent model, considering the application of these findings in understanding human diseases and for developing therapeutic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yongcheol Cho
- Laboratory of Axon Regeneration & Degeneration, Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea;
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23
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Muscle overexpression of Klf15 via an AAV8-Spc5-12 construct does not provide benefits in spinal muscular atrophy mice. Gene Ther 2020; 27:505-515. [PMID: 32313099 PMCID: PMC7674152 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-020-0146-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neuromuscular disease caused by loss of the survival motor neuron (SMN) gene. While there are currently two approved gene-based therapies for SMA, availability, high cost, and differences in patient response indicate that alternative treatment options are needed. Optimal therapeutic strategies will likely be a combination of SMN-dependent and -independent treatments aimed at alleviating symptoms in the central nervous system and peripheral muscles. Krüppel-like factor 15 (KLF15) is a transcription factor that regulates key metabolic and ergogenic pathways in muscle. We have recently reported significant downregulation of Klf15 in muscle of presymptomatic SMA mice. Importantly, perinatal upregulation of Klf15 via transgenic and pharmacological methods resulted in improved disease phenotypes in SMA mice, including weight and survival. In the current study, we designed an adeno-associated virus serotype 8 (AAV8) vector to overexpress a codon-optimized Klf15 cDNA under the muscle-specific Spc5-12 promoter (AAV8-Klf15). Administration of AAV8-Klf15 to severe Taiwanese Smn−/−;SMN2 or intermediate Smn2B/− SMA mice significantly increased Klf15 expression in muscle. We also observed significant activity of the AAV8-Klf15 vector in liver and heart. AAV8-mediated Klf15 overexpression moderately improved survival in the Smn2B/− model but not in the Taiwanese mice. An inability to specifically induce Klf15 expression at physiological levels in a time- and tissue-dependent manner may have contributed to this limited efficacy. Thus, our work demonstrates that an AAV8-Spc5-12 vector induces high gene expression as early as P2 in several tissues including muscle, heart, and liver, but highlights the challenges of achieving meaningful vector-mediated transgene expression of Klf15.
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24
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Lee D, Kume M, Holy TE. Sensory coding mechanisms revealed by optical tagging of physiologically defined neuronal types. Science 2019; 366:1384-1389. [PMID: 31831669 PMCID: PMC7591936 DOI: 10.1126/science.aax8055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Neural circuit analysis relies on having molecular markers for specific cell types. However, for a cell type identified only by its circuit function, the process of identifying markers remains laborious. We developed physiological optical tagging sequencing (PhOTseq), a technique for tagging and expression profiling of cells on the basis of their functional properties. PhOTseq was capable of selecting rare cell types and enriching them by nearly 100-fold. We applied PhOTseq to the challenge of mapping receptor-ligand pairings among pheromone-sensing neurons in mice. Together with in vivo ectopic expression of vomeronasal chemoreceptors, PhOTseq identified the complete combinatorial receptor code for a specific set of ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghoon Lee
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Maiko Kume
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Timothy E Holy
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.,Correspondence to
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25
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Yip H, Haupt C, Maresh G, Zhang X, Li L. Humanized mice for immune checkpoint blockade in human solid tumors. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL UROLOGY 2019; 7:313-320. [PMID: 31763362 PMCID: PMC6872471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy, specifically research involving immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs), has become a popular trend in anticancer research over the last three years. Due to the difficulties and often poor translation of results from in-vitro models, in-vivo models have become more relevant than ever. With the discovery of NOD, Prkdcscid , and Il2rγ-/- mutations, patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models were developed, providing an ideal environment for ICBs testing. By implanting a PDX with either CD34+ or peripheral blood mononuclear cells, we can create a human immune system capable of mounting a response against tumor burden. These animal models are currently being used to study molecular mechanisms, test drug efficacy, and trial drug combinations. Others have found use for these humanized mouse models as surrogates to represent otherwise uncommon diseases. Limitations remain with regards to what the models are capable of, but in the short amount of time between the development of these models and heightened interest in ICBs, these mice have already shown utility for future developments in the field of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Yip
- UQ-Ochsner Clinical School, Institute for Translational Research, Ochsner Clinic Foundation New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Carl Haupt
- UQ-Ochsner Clinical School, Institute for Translational Research, Ochsner Clinic Foundation New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Grace Maresh
- UQ-Ochsner Clinical School, Institute for Translational Research, Ochsner Clinic Foundation New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Xin Zhang
- UQ-Ochsner Clinical School, Institute for Translational Research, Ochsner Clinic Foundation New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Li Li
- UQ-Ochsner Clinical School, Institute for Translational Research, Ochsner Clinic Foundation New Orleans, LA, USA
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26
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Suzuki K, Yamamoto M, Hernandez-Benitez R, Li Z, Wei C, Soligalla RD, Aizawa E, Hatanaka F, Kurita M, Reddy P, Ocampo A, Hishida T, Sakurai M, Nemeth AN, Nuñez Delicado E, Campistol JM, Magistretti P, Guillen P, Rodriguez Esteban C, Gong J, Yuan Y, Gu Y, Liu GH, López-Otín C, Wu J, Zhang K, Izpisua Belmonte JC. Precise in vivo genome editing via single homology arm donor mediated intron-targeting gene integration for genetic disease correction. Cell Res 2019; 29:804-819. [PMID: 31444470 PMCID: PMC6796851 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-019-0213-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In vivo genome editing represents a powerful strategy for both understanding basic biology and treating inherited diseases. However, it remains a challenge to develop universal and efficient in vivo genome-editing tools for tissues that comprise diverse cell types in either a dividing or non-dividing state. Here, we describe a versatile in vivo gene knock-in methodology that enables the targeting of a broad range of mutations and cell types through the insertion of a minigene at an intron of the target gene locus using an intracellularly linearized single homology arm donor. As a proof-of-concept, we focused on a mouse model of premature-aging caused by a dominant point mutation, which is difficult to repair using existing in vivo genome-editing tools. Systemic treatment using our new method ameliorated aging-associated phenotypes and extended animal lifespan, thus highlighting the potential of this methodology for a broad range of in vivo genome-editing applications.
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Grants
- DP1 DK113616 NIDDK NIH HHS
- P30 CA014195 NCI NIH HHS
- R01 HL123755 NHLBI NIH HHS
- J.C.I.B. was supported by The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust (2012-PG-MED002), the G. Harold and Leila Y. Mathers Charitable Foundation, NIH (R01HL123755 and 5 DP1 DK113616), The Progeria Research Foundation, The Glenn Foundation, KAUST, The Moxie Foundation, Fundación Dr. Pedro Guillen, AFE and Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM).
- K.S. was supported by JSPS KAKENHI (15K21762 and 18H04036), Takeda Science Foundation, The Uehara Memorial Foundation, National Institutes of Natural Sciences (BS291007), The Sumitomo Foundation (170220), The Naito Foundation, The Kurata Grants (1350), Mochida Memorial Foundation and The Inamori Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichiro Suzuki
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
- Institute for Advanced Co-Creation Studies, Osaka University, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan.
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan.
| | - Mako Yamamoto
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | | | - Zhe Li
- Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC0412, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0412, USA
| | - Christopher Wei
- Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC0412, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0412, USA
| | - Rupa Devi Soligalla
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Universidad Catolica, San Antonio de Murcia, Campus de los Jeronimos, 135, Guadalupe, 30107, Spain
| | - Emi Aizawa
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Fumiyuki Hatanaka
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Masakazu Kurita
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Universidad Catolica, San Antonio de Murcia, Campus de los Jeronimos, 135, Guadalupe, 30107, Spain
| | - Pradeep Reddy
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Alejandro Ocampo
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Tomoaki Hishida
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Masahiro Sakurai
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Universidad Catolica, San Antonio de Murcia, Campus de los Jeronimos, 135, Guadalupe, 30107, Spain
| | - Amy N Nemeth
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Estrella Nuñez Delicado
- Universidad Catolica, San Antonio de Murcia, Campus de los Jeronimos, 135, Guadalupe, 30107, Spain
| | - Josep M Campistol
- Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Carrer Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pierre Magistretti
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pedro Guillen
- Fundacion Dr. Pedro Guillen, Clinica CEMTRO, Avenida Ventisquero de la Condesa, 4228035, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jianhui Gong
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Academician Workstation of BGI Synthetic Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Innovative Molecular Diagnostics, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Yilin Yuan
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Academician Workstation of BGI Synthetic Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Gu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Academician Workstation of BGI Synthetic Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Carlos López-Otín
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jun Wu
- Universidad Catolica, San Antonio de Murcia, Campus de los Jeronimos, 135, Guadalupe, 30107, Spain
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Kun Zhang
- Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC0412, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0412, USA
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Nelson CE, Wu Y, Gemberling MP, Oliver ML, Waller MA, Bohning JD, Robinson-Hamm JN, Bulaklak K, Castellanos Rivera RM, Collier JH, Asokan A, Gersbach CA. Long-term evaluation of AAV-CRISPR genome editing for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Nat Med 2019; 25:427-432. [PMID: 30778238 PMCID: PMC6455975 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-019-0344-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a monogenic disorder and a candidate for therapeutic genome editing. There have been several recent reports of genome editing in preclinical models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy1-6, however, the long-term persistence and safety of these genome editing approaches have not been addressed. Here we show that genome editing and dystrophin protein restoration is sustained in the mdx mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy for 1 year after a single intravenous administration of an adeno-associated virus that encodes CRISPR (AAV-CRISPR). We also show that AAV-CRISPR is immunogenic when administered to adult mice7; however, humoral and cellular immune responses can be avoided by treating neonatal mice. Additionally, we describe unintended genome and transcript alterations induced by AAV-CRISPR that should be considered for the development of AAV-CRISPR as a therapeutic approach. This study shows the potential of AAV-CRISPR for permanent genome corrections and highlights aspects of host response and alternative genome editing outcomes that require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher E Nelson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yaoying Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Matthew P Gemberling
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Matthew L Oliver
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Matthew A Waller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Joel D Bohning
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jacqueline N Robinson-Hamm
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Karen Bulaklak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Joel H Collier
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Aravind Asokan
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Charles A Gersbach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
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28
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Pavathuparambil Abdul Manaph N, Al-Hawwas M, Liu L, Liu D, Hayball J, Zhou XF. Facial vein injection of human cells in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) neonatal mice. MethodsX 2018; 5:1281-1286. [PMID: 30364590 PMCID: PMC6197144 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Precise intravenous injection of human or mice stem cells in immunocompromised neonates. Fastest method of facial vein injection with confirmation of the procedure success. Direct method of stem cell delivery in neonatal brain, heart and liver.
Intravenous injection is a standard procedure for delivering human stem cells and therapeutic agents. Currently, genetically modified severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice are used for engraftment studies using human cells. SCID neonates have better integration and survivability of human cells compared to adult SCID mice, as their immune system will not be developed in the first few days after birth. However, intravenous injections in neonates are difficult. This protocol describes a reliable and reproducible method for injecting cells into the facial vein of P3/P4 (3 or 4 days post-birth) SCID neonates to study their engraftment. The injection was safe and well tolerated by the pups. Post-injection analysis revealed the distribution of tagged cells in different organs. Results suggest that this new method can serve as a pre-analysis for transplantation studies using human stem cells before in vivo animal model testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimshitha Pavathuparambil Abdul Manaph
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, South Australia, Australia
- Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide 5000, South Australia, Australia
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, South Australia, Australia
| | - Mohammed Al-Hawwas
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, South Australia, Australia
| | - Liang Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, South Australia, Australia
| | - Donghui Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, South Australia, Australia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - John Hayball
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, South Australia, Australia
| | - Xin-Fu Zhou
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, South Australia, Australia
- Corresponding author.
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29
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Liao HK, Hatanaka F, Araoka T, Reddy P, Wu MZ, Sui Y, Yamauchi T, Sakurai M, O'Keefe DD, Núñez-Delicado E, Guillen P, Campistol JM, Wu CJ, Lu LF, Esteban CR, Izpisua Belmonte JC. In Vivo Target Gene Activation via CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Trans-epigenetic Modulation. Cell 2017; 171:1495-1507.e15. [PMID: 29224783 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Current genome-editing systems generally rely on inducing DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). This may limit their utility in clinical therapies, as unwanted mutations caused by DSBs can have deleterious effects. CRISPR/Cas9 system has recently been repurposed to enable target gene activation, allowing regulation of endogenous gene expression without creating DSBs. However, in vivo implementation of this gain-of-function system has proven difficult. Here, we report a robust system for in vivo activation of endogenous target genes through trans-epigenetic remodeling. The system relies on recruitment of Cas9 and transcriptional activation complexes to target loci by modified single guide RNAs. As proof-of-concept, we used this technology to treat mouse models of diabetes, muscular dystrophy, and acute kidney disease. Results demonstrate that CRISPR/Cas9-mediated target gene activation can be achieved in vivo, leading to measurable phenotypes and amelioration of disease symptoms. This establishes new avenues for developing targeted epigenetic therapies against human diseases. VIDEO ABSTRACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Kai Liao
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Fumiyuki Hatanaka
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Toshikazu Araoka
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Universidad Catolica, San Antonio de Murcia, Campus de los Jeronimos, 135, 30107 Guadalupe, Spain
| | - Pradeep Reddy
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Min-Zu Wu
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Universidad Catolica, San Antonio de Murcia, Campus de los Jeronimos, 135, 30107 Guadalupe, Spain
| | - Yinghui Sui
- Department of Pediatrics and Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Takayoshi Yamauchi
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Universidad Catolica, San Antonio de Murcia, Campus de los Jeronimos, 135, 30107 Guadalupe, Spain
| | - Masahiro Sakurai
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - David D O'Keefe
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Estrella Núñez-Delicado
- Universidad Catolica, San Antonio de Murcia, Campus de los Jeronimos, 135, 30107 Guadalupe, Spain
| | - Pedro Guillen
- Fundacion Pedro Guillen, Clinica CEMTRO, Avenida Ventisquero de la Condesa, 42, 28035 Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep M Campistol
- Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Carrer Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cheng-Jang Wu
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Li-Fan Lu
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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30
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Pinto BS, Saxena T, Oliveira R, Méndez-Gómez HR, Cleary JD, Denes LT, McConnell O, Arboleda J, Xia G, Swanson MS, Wang ET. Impeding Transcription of Expanded Microsatellite Repeats by Deactivated Cas9. Mol Cell 2017; 68:479-490.e5. [PMID: 29056323 PMCID: PMC6013302 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2017.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Transcription of expanded microsatellite repeats is associated with multiple human diseases, including myotonic dystrophy, Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy, and C9orf72-ALS/FTD. Reducing production of RNA and proteins arising from these expanded loci holds therapeutic benefit. Here, we tested the hypothesis that deactivated Cas9 enzyme impedes transcription across expanded microsatellites. We observed a repeat length-, PAM-, and strand-dependent reduction of repeat-containing RNAs upon targeting dCas9 directly to repeat sequences; targeting the non-template strand was more effective. Aberrant splicing patterns were rescued in DM1 cells, and production of RAN peptides characteristic of DM1, DM2, and C9orf72-ALS/FTD cells was drastically decreased. Systemic delivery of dCas9/gRNA by adeno-associated virus led to reductions in pathological RNA foci, rescue of chloride channel 1 protein expression, and decreased myotonia. These observations suggest that transcription of microsatellite repeat-containing RNAs is more sensitive to perturbation than transcription of other RNAs, indicating potentially viable strategies for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda S Pinto
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Center for NeuroGenetics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Tanvi Saxena
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Center for NeuroGenetics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Ruan Oliveira
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Center for NeuroGenetics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Héctor R Méndez-Gómez
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - John D Cleary
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Center for NeuroGenetics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Lance T Denes
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Center for NeuroGenetics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Ona McConnell
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Center for NeuroGenetics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Juan Arboleda
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Center for NeuroGenetics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Guangbin Xia
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Center for NeuroGenetics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Maurice S Swanson
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Center for NeuroGenetics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Eric T Wang
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Center for NeuroGenetics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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31
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Shibata SB, Yoshimura H, Ranum PT, Goodwin AT, Smith RJH. Intravenous rAAV2/9 injection for murine cochlear gene delivery. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9609. [PMID: 28852025 PMCID: PMC5575199 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09805-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy for genetic deafness is a promising approach by which to prevent hearing loss or to restore hearing after loss has occurred. Although a variety of direct approaches to introduce viral particles into the inner ear have been described, presumed physiological barriers have heretofore precluded investigation of systemic gene delivery to the cochlea. In this study, we sought to characterize systemic delivery of a rAAV2/9 vector as a non-invasive means of cochlear transduction. In wild-type neonatal mice (postnatal day 0-1), we show that intravenous injection of rAAV2/9 carrying an eGFP-reporter gene results in binaural transduction of inner hair cells, spiral ganglion neurons and vestibular hair cells. Transduction efficiency increases in a dose-dependent manner. Inner hair cells are transduced in an apex-to-base gradient, with transduction reaching 96% in the apical turn. Hearing acuity in treated animals is unaltered at postnatal day 30. Transduction is influenced by viral serotype and age at injection, with less efficient cochlear transduction observed with systemic delivery of rAAV2/1 and in juvenile mice with rAAV2/9. Collectively, these data validate intravenous delivery of rAAV2/9 as a novel and atraumatic technique for inner ear transgene delivery in early postnatal mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji B Shibata
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Hidekane Yoshimura
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Paul T Ranum
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular & Cellular Biology, The University of Iowa Graduate College, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Alexander T Goodwin
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Richard J H Smith
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. .,Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. .,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular & Cellular Biology, The University of Iowa Graduate College, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. .,Iowa Institute of Human Genetics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
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32
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Grames MS, Jackson KL, Dayton RD, Stanford JA, Klein RL. Methods and Tips for Intravenous Administration of Adeno-associated Virus to Rats and Evaluation of Central Nervous System Transduction. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 28872135 DOI: 10.3791/55994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors are a key reagent in the neurosciences for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), optogenetics, cre-lox targeting, etc. The purpose of this manuscript is to aid the investigator attempting expansive central nervous system (CNS) gene transfer in the rat via tail vein injection of AAV. Wide-scale expression is relevant for conditions with widespread pathology, and a rat model is significant due to its greater size and physiologic similarities to humans compared to mice. In this example application, a wide-scale neuronal transduction is used to mimic a neurodegenerative disease that affects the entire spinal cord, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The efficient wide-scale CNS transduction can also be used to deliver therapeutic protein factors in pre-clinical studies. After a post-injection expression interval of several weeks, the effects of the transduction are evaluated. For a green fluorescent protein (GFP) control vector, the amount of GFP in the cerebellum is estimated quickly and reliably by a basic imaging program. For motor disease phenotypes that are induced by the ALS related protein transactive response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43), the deficits are scored by escape reflex and rotarod. Beyond disease modeling and gene therapy, there are diverse potential applications for the wide-scale gene targeting described here. The expanded use of this method will aid in expediting hypothesis testing in the neurosciences and neurogenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mychal S Grames
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center
| | - Kasey L Jackson
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center
| | - Robert D Dayton
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center
| | - John A Stanford
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center
| | - Ronald L Klein
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center;
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33
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Suzuki K, Tsunekawa Y, Hernandez-Benitez R, Wu J, Zhu J, Kim EJ, Hatanaka F, Yamamoto M, Araoka T, Li Z, Kurita M, Hishida T, Li M, Aizawa E, Guo S, Chen S, Goebl A, Soligalla RD, Qu J, Jiang T, Fu X, Jafari M, Esteban CR, Berggren WT, Lajara J, Nuñez-Delicado E, Guillen P, Campistol JM, Matsuzaki F, Liu GH, Magistretti P, Zhang K, Callaway EM, Zhang K, Belmonte JCI. In vivo genome editing via CRISPR/Cas9 mediated homology-independent targeted integration. Nature 2016; 540:144-149. [PMID: 27851729 DOI: 10.1038/nature20565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 771] [Impact Index Per Article: 96.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Targeted genome editing via engineered nucleases is an exciting area of biomedical research and holds potential for clinical applications. Despite rapid advances in the field, in vivo targeted transgene integration is still infeasible because current tools are inefficient, especially for non-dividing cells, which compose most adult tissues. This poses a barrier for uncovering fundamental biological principles and developing treatments for a broad range of genetic disorders. Based on clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/Cas9 (CRISPR/Cas9) technology, here we devise a homology-independent targeted integration (HITI) strategy, which allows for robust DNA knock-in in both dividing and non-dividing cells in vitro and, more importantly, in vivo (for example, in neurons of postnatal mammals). As a proof of concept of its therapeutic potential, we demonstrate the efficacy of HITI in improving visual function using a rat model of the retinal degeneration condition retinitis pigmentosa. The HITI method presented here establishes new avenues for basic research and targeted gene therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichiro Suzuki
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Yuji Tsunekawa
- Laboratory for Cell Asymmetry, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, 2-2-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Reyna Hernandez-Benitez
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.,4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jun Wu
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.,Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM) Campus de los Jerónimos, no. 135 Guadalupe 30107, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jie Zhu
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China.,Shiley Eye Institute, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive #0946, La Jolla, California 92023, USA
| | - Euiseok J Kim
- Systems Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Fumiyuki Hatanaka
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Mako Yamamoto
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Toshikazu Araoka
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.,Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM) Campus de los Jerónimos, no. 135 Guadalupe 30107, Murcia, Spain
| | - Zhe Li
- Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC0412, La Jolla, California 92093-0412, USA
| | - Masakazu Kurita
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Tomoaki Hishida
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Mo Li
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Emi Aizawa
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Shicheng Guo
- Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC0412, La Jolla, California 92093-0412, USA
| | - Song Chen
- Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC0412, La Jolla, California 92093-0412, USA
| | - April Goebl
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Rupa Devi Soligalla
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Jing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tingshuai Jiang
- Shiley Eye Institute, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive #0946, La Jolla, California 92023, USA.,Guangzhou EliteHealth Biological Pharmaceutical Technology Company Ltd, Guangzhou 510005, China
| | - Xin Fu
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China.,Shiley Eye Institute, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive #0946, La Jolla, California 92023, USA
| | - Maryam Jafari
- Shiley Eye Institute, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive #0946, La Jolla, California 92023, USA
| | - Concepcion Rodriguez Esteban
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - W Travis Berggren
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Jeronimo Lajara
- Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM) Campus de los Jerónimos, no. 135 Guadalupe 30107, Murcia, Spain
| | - Estrella Nuñez-Delicado
- Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM) Campus de los Jerónimos, no. 135 Guadalupe 30107, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pedro Guillen
- Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM) Campus de los Jerónimos, no. 135 Guadalupe 30107, Murcia, Spain.,Fundación Dr. Pedro Guillen, Investigación Biomedica de Clinica CEMTRO, Avenida Ventisquero de la Condesa, 42, 28035 Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep M Campistol
- Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fumio Matsuzaki
- Laboratory for Cell Asymmetry, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, 2-2-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Pierre Magistretti
- 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kun Zhang
- Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC0412, La Jolla, California 92093-0412, USA
| | - Edward M Callaway
- Systems Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Kang Zhang
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China.,Shiley Eye Institute, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive #0946, La Jolla, California 92023, USA.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Veterans Administration Healthcare System, San Diego, California 92093, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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Kawasaki H, Kosugi I, Sakao-Suzuki M, Meguro S, Tsutsui Y, Iwashita T. Intracerebroventricular and Intravascular Injection of Viral Particles and Fluorescent Microbeads into the Neonatal Brain. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 27501398 DOI: 10.3791/54164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the study on the pathogenesis of viral encephalitis, the infection method is critical. The first of the two main infectious routes to the brain is the hematogenous route, which involves infection of the endothelial cells and pericytes of the brain. The second is the intracerebroventricular (ICV) route. Once within the central nervous system (CNS), viruses may spread to the subarachnoid space, meninges, and choroid plexus via the cerebrospinal fluid. In experimental models, the earliest stages of CNS viral distribution are not well characterized, and it is unclear whether only certain cells are initially infected. Here, we have analyzed the distribution of cytomegalovirus (CMV) particles during the acute phase of infection, termed primary viremia, following ICV or intravascular (IV) injection into the neonatal mouse brain. In the ICV injection model, 5 µl of murine CMV (MCMV) or fluorescent microbeads were injected into the lateral ventricle at the midpoint between the ear and eye using a 10-µl syringe with a 27 G needle. In the IV injection model, a 1-ml syringe with a 35 G needle was used. A transilluminator was used to visualize the superficial temporal (facial) vein of the neonatal mouse. We infused 50 µl of MCMV or fluorescent microbeads into the superficial temporal vein. Brains were harvested at different time points post-injection. MCMV genomes were detected using the in situ hybridization method. Fluorescent microbeads or green fluorescent protein expressing recombinant MCMV particles were observed by fluorescent microscopy. These techniques can be applied to many other pathogens to investigate the pathogenesis of encephalitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideya Kawasaki
- Department of Regenerative & Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine;
| | - Isao Kosugi
- Department of Regenerative & Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
| | | | - Shiori Meguro
- Department of Regenerative & Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
| | | | - Toshihide Iwashita
- Department of Regenerative & Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
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Papangeli I, Kim J, Maier I, Park S, Lee A, Kang Y, Tanaka K, Khan OF, Ju H, Kojima Y, Red-Horse K, Anderson DG, Siekmann AF, Chun HJ. MicroRNA 139-5p coordinates APLNR-CXCR4 crosstalk during vascular maturation. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11268. [PMID: 27068353 PMCID: PMC4832062 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signalling, including that involving apelin (APLN) and its receptor APLNR, is known to be important in vascular development. How this ligand–receptor pair regulates the downstream signalling cascades in this context remains poorly understood. Here, we show that mice with Apln, Aplnr or endothelial-specific Aplnr deletion develop profound retinal vascular defects, which are at least in part due to dysregulated increase in endothelial CXCR4 expression. Endothelial CXCR4 is negatively regulated by miR-139-5p, whose transcription is in turn induced by laminar flow and APLN/APLNR signalling. Inhibition of miR-139-5p in vivo partially phenocopies the retinal vascular defects of APLN/APLNR deficiency. Pharmacological inhibition of CXCR4 signalling or augmentation of the miR-139-5p-CXCR4 axis can ameliorate the vascular phenotype of APLN/APLNR deficient state. Overall, we identify an important microRNA-mediated GPCR crosstalk, which plays a key role in vascular development. G protein-coupled receptors APLNR and CXCR4 are crucial for vascular development. Here, the authors show that these two signaling pathways communicate and that in response to blood flow APLNR signaling induces a decrease in CXCR4 expression via miR-139-5p, thereby restricting CXCR4 expression to the non-flow exposed tip cells in the retinal vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irinna Papangeli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, 7th Floor, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Jongmin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, 7th Floor, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA.,Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Korea
| | - Inna Maier
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Roentgenstr. 20, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Saejeong Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, 7th Floor, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Aram Lee
- Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Korea
| | - Yujung Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, 7th Floor, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Keiichiro Tanaka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, 7th Floor, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Omar F Khan
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Hyekyung Ju
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, 7th Floor, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Yoko Kojima
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, 7th Floor, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Kristy Red-Horse
- Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Daniel G Anderson
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Arndt F Siekmann
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Roentgenstr. 20, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Hyung J Chun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, 7th Floor, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
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Gombash SE, Cowley CJ, Fitzgerald JA, Hall JCE, Mueller C, Christofi FL, Foust KD. Intravenous AAV9 efficiently transduces myenteric neurons in neonate and juvenile mice. Front Mol Neurosci 2014; 7:81. [PMID: 25360081 PMCID: PMC4197761 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2014.00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene therapies for neurological diseases with autonomic or gastrointestinal involvement may require global gene expression. Gastrointestinal complications are often associated with Parkinson's disease and autism. Lewy bodies, a pathological hallmark of Parkinson's brains, are routinely identified in the neurons of the enteric nervous system (ENS) following colon biopsies from patients. The ENS is the intrinsic nervous system of the gut, and is responsible for coordinating the secretory and motor functions of the gastrointestinal tract. ENS dysfunction can cause severe patient discomfort, malnourishment, or even death as in intestinal pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie syndrome). Importantly, ENS transduction following systemic vector administration has not been thoroughly evaluated. Here we show that systemic injection of AAV9 into neonate or juvenile mice results in transduction of 25-57% of ENS myenteric neurons. Transgene expression was prominent in choline acetyltransferase positive cells, but not within vasoactive intestinal peptide or neuronal nitric oxide synthase cells, suggesting a bias for cells involved in excitatory signaling. AAV9 transduction in enteric glia is very low compared to CNS astrocytes. Enteric glial transduction was enhanced by using a glial specific promoter. Furthermore, we show that AAV8 results in comparable transduction in neonatal mice to AAV9 though AAV1, 5, and 6 are less efficient. These data demonstrate that systemic AAV9 has high affinity for peripheral neural tissue and is useful for future therapeutic development and basic studies of the ENS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara E Gombash
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Jodie C E Hall
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, Ohio State University Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Christian Mueller
- Department of Pediatrics, Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester, MA, USA
| | | | - Kevin D Foust
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University Columbus, OH, USA
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