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Dai Y, Gao J, Jiang M. Case Report: A rare infection of multidrug-resistant Aeromonas caviae in a pediatric case with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and review of the literature. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1233600. [PMID: 38803640 PMCID: PMC11128555 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1233600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas caviae infection of the bloodstream and intestine is a rare and severe opportunistic infection in immunocompromised people. In Southwest China, we first reported a case of bloodstream and intestinal infection with multidrug-resistant (MDR) Aeromonas caviae in a 4-year-old child with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood and stool cultures were used to identify the infection. The selection of antibiotics was based on clinical expertise and medication sensitivity tests. We used linezolid, levofloxacin, and polymyxin B to treat the patient aggressively. Aeromonas caviae infection is uncommon in juvenile acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Doctors should be aware of the likelihood of opportunistic infection during the post-chemotherapy bone marrow suppression period. We further conducted a review of the literature and performed a detailed analysis of Aeromonas infection in pediatric leukemia. It is becoming increasingly apparent that antibiotic is abused domestically and abroad, resulting in the sharp increase of MDR bacteria. In general, most of the Aeromonas isolates are susceptible to third- or fourth-generation cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, quinolones, and carbapenem, but drug-resistant strains are being reported increasingly. We summarized the drug resistance rate of Aeromonas caviae and Aeromonas hydrophila in China in the last 10 years. Early recognition and effective treatment will improve prognosis and reduce mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiling Dai
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Ju Gao
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingyan Jiang
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
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Anil A, Kumar MB, Chauhan S, Ray P, Dahiya D, Angrup A. A fatal case of Aeromonas jandaei necrotizing fasciitis. Access Microbiol 2023; 5:000636.v4. [PMID: 37970078 PMCID: PMC10634483 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000636.v4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTIs) are associated with a fulminating course because of their rapid destruction of tissue planes underlying the skin. Aeromonas -associated monomicrobial NSTIs are usually associated with exposure to fresh water, particularly among agricultural workers and fish handlers. Albeit uncommon in incidence, urgent medical and surgical intervention are required once a diagnosis has been made. Case report A 40-year-old male patient, a known case of alcoholic liver disease, presented to the emergency department with pain and diffuse swelling of bilateral lower limbs, which quickly progressed to form blackish discolouration and blebs. Blood for preliminary haematological and biochemical investigations, as well as fluid draining from blebs, were sent for microbiological investigation. The Gram stain revealed occasional neutrophils and Gram-negative bacilli, and pure growth in aerobic culture was identified as Aeromonas jandaei by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The patient was started on empirical antimicrobials, although lesions continued to progress and he ultimately succumbed within 12 h of hospital admission. Conclusion As appropriate antimicrobial therapy and early surgical intervention are required for management of the same, occupational exposure and the fulminant course should raise suspicion of Aeromonas -associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Anil
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Mani Bhushan Kumar
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Sachin Chauhan
- Department of General Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Pallab Ray
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Divya Dahiya
- Department of General Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Archana Angrup
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
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Tang X, Oyetoran A, Jones T, Bray C. Aeromonas caviae-Associated Severe Bloody Diarrhea. Case Rep Gastrointest Med 2023; 2023:4966879. [PMID: 37849821 PMCID: PMC10578977 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4966879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas species are capable of inducing severe infections in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. Gastroenteritis is the most common infection associated with Aeromonas species in humans. We report a rare case of Aeromonas caviae severe gastroenteritis and bloody diarrhea that led to the development of sepsis in a 45-year-old female with no history of immunocompromising conditions. This patient required extensive medical support which included blood transfusions and antibiotics. Fortunately, with appropriate diagnostic measures and targeted antibiotic therapy, her symptoms resolved. Aeromonas species are becoming increasingly frequent among the pathogens isolated from patients suffering from gastroenteritis. As such, it is becoming increasingly important for clinicians to consider this pathogen when working up their patients for diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Tang
- University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Graduate Medical Education, 6850 Lake Nona Blvd, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
- HCA Florida North Florida Hospital, Internal Medicine Residency Program, 6500 W Newberry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32605, USA
| | - Anuoluwa Oyetoran
- University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Graduate Medical Education, 6850 Lake Nona Blvd, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
- HCA Florida North Florida Hospital, Internal Medicine Residency Program, 6500 W Newberry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32605, USA
| | - Tyler Jones
- University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Graduate Medical Education, 6850 Lake Nona Blvd, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
- HCA Florida North Florida Hospital, Internal Medicine Residency Program, 6500 W Newberry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32605, USA
| | - Christopher Bray
- University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Graduate Medical Education, 6850 Lake Nona Blvd, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
- HCA Florida North Florida Hospital, Internal Medicine Residency Program, 6500 W Newberry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32605, USA
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Grave I, Rudzate A, Nagle A, Miklasevics E, Gardovska D. Prevalence of Aeromonas spp. Infection in Pediatric Patients Hospitalized with Gastroenteritis in Latvia between 2020 and 2021. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9111684. [PMID: 36360412 PMCID: PMC9688984 DOI: 10.3390/children9111684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Aeromonas species are emerging human enteric pathogens. However, there is no systematic analysis of Aeromonas infection in the pediatric population in Latvia. The aim of the study was to describe potential sources, prevalence of infection, associated virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance of Aeromonas spp. isolated from fecal samples. Methods: Stool samples (n = 1360) were obtained from the Children’s Clinical University Hospital between 2020 and 2021. The target population was pediatric patients, 0 to 18 years of age, with a preliminary diagnosis of gastroenteritis. Identification was performed by Maldi-TOF, antimicrobial resistance by Vitek2 and 9 virulence factors by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Aeromonas spp. were isolated in 50 stool samples; positive findings made up 3.6% of all study cases and included four species: A. hydrophila, A. caviae, A. veronii, and A. eucrenophila. In 42% of the samples, Aeromonas spp. appeared alongside the other significant pathogens: Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella Enteritidis, Salmonella Typhimurium, Yersinia enterocolitica, norovirus, adenovirus, and rotavirus. The study population positive for Aeromonas spp. infection contained 28 male (56%) and 22 female (44%) patients; median age was 4.56 years. The most common symptoms were: diarrhea, blood in stool, vomiting, abdominal pain, and fever. Aside from expected natural resistance, no significant antibacterial resistance was detected. The presence of multiple virulence genes was noticed in all isolates. No statistically significant correlation was found between the virulence patterns, bacterial species, and the intensity of clinical symptoms. Discussion: According to the clinical data and the results of this study Aeromonas spp. has an important role in pediatric practice and requires appropriate attention and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Grave
- Riga Stradins University, LV1007 Riga, Latvia
- Children Clinical University Hospital, Bernu Kliniska Universitates Slimnica, LV1004 Riga, Latvia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +371-29501301
| | - Aleksandra Rudzate
- Children Clinical University Hospital, Bernu Kliniska Universitates Slimnica, LV1004 Riga, Latvia
| | - Anda Nagle
- Children Clinical University Hospital, Bernu Kliniska Universitates Slimnica, LV1004 Riga, Latvia
| | | | - Dace Gardovska
- Children Clinical University Hospital, Bernu Kliniska Universitates Slimnica, LV1004 Riga, Latvia
- Department of Paediatrics, Riga Stradins University, LV1007 Riga, Latvia
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Abd El-Hack ME, El-Saadony MT, Ellakany HF, Elbestawy AR, Abaza SS, Geneedy AM, Khafaga AF, Salem HM, Abd El-Aziz AH, Selim S, Babalghith AO, AbuQamar SF, El-Tarabily KA. Inhibition of microbial pathogens in farmed fish. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 183:114003. [PMID: 36030638 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture, also known as aqua farming, is defined as farming fish, crustaceans, mollusks, aquatic plants, algae, and other marine organisms. It includes cultivating fresh- and saltwater populations under controlled conditions compared to commercial fishing or wild fish harvesting. Worldwide, carp, salmon, tilapia, and catfish are the most common fish species used in fish farming in descending order. Disinfectants prevent and/or treat different infections in aquatic animals. The current review indicates the uses of different disinfectants against some important pathogens in aquaculture, with particular reference to tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) farming. A single review cannot cover all aspects of disinfection throughout aquaculture, so the procedures and principles of disinfection in tilapia farming/aquaculture have been chosen for illustration purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E Abd El-Hack
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed T El-Saadony
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Hany F Ellakany
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed R Elbestawy
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Samar S Abaza
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Amr M Geneedy
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Asmaa F Khafaga
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina 22758, Egypt
| | - Heba M Salem
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Ayman H Abd El-Aziz
- Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad O Babalghith
- Medical Genetics Department, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Synan F AbuQamar
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Khaled A El-Tarabily
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch 6150, Western Australia, Australia.
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Kosikowska U, Stec J, Andrzejczuk S, Mendrycka M, Pietras-Ożga D, Stępień-Pyśniak D. Plasmid-Mediated Fluoroquinolone Resistance Genes in Quinolone-Susceptible Aeromonas spp. Phenotypes Isolated From Recreational Surface Freshwater Reservoir. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:885360. [PMID: 35646727 PMCID: PMC9132129 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.885360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas spp. are recognized as opportunistic pathogens causing diseases. Infections in humans can result mainly in gastrointestinal and wound diseases with or without progression to septicemia. Although Aeromonas spp. are not known uropathogens and they rarely cause urinary tract infection, we hypothesize that the presence of these bacteria in the water and the contact during, e.g., recreational and bathing activity can create the conditions for the colonization of the human body and may result to diseases in various locations, including the urinary tract. Our study presents the occurrence of aeromonad fluoroquinolone-susceptible phenotypes with the presence of plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone resistance (PMQR) genes in a natural freshwater reservoir occasionally used for recreational activities. Sixty-nine isolates collected during the bathing period were identified by mass spectrometry and screened for the presence of fluoroquinolone-resistant phenotypes and genotypes. Fluoroquinolone susceptibility was determined as minimal inhibitory concentration values. PMQR qnr genes were detected by PCR. Isolates comprising eight species, namely, mainly Aeromonas veronii (50.7% isolates) and Aeromonas media (24.6% isolates) and rarely Aeromonas eucrenophila, Aeromonas caviae, Aeromonas bestiarum, Aeromonas ichthiosmia, and Aeromonas hydrophila, were selected. All isolates were phenotypically susceptible either to ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin. Unexpectedly, at least one to three of the PMQR genes were detected in 42.0% of the fluoroquinolone-susceptible Aeromonas spp. phenotypes. Mainly the qnrS (34.8% isolates) and qnrA (14.5% isolates) determinants were detected. In conclusion, the freshwater reservoir occasionally used for bathing was tainted with aeromonads, with a high occurrence of opportunistic pathogens such as A. veronii and A. media. MALDI‐TOF MS is a powerful technique for aeromonad identification. Our data reveals the mismatch phenomenon between fluoroquinolone-susceptible aeromonad phenotypes and the presence of plasmid-mediated qnr resistance genes. It suggests that phenotypically susceptible bacteria might be a potential source for the storage and transmission of these genes. The exposure during, e.g., a recreational activity may create the potential risk for causing infections, both diagnostically and therapeutically difficult, after expressing the resistance genes and quinolone-resistant strain selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Kosikowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
- *Correspondence: Urszula Kosikowska,
| | - Joanna Stec
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Sylwia Andrzejczuk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Mariola Mendrycka
- Faculty of Medical Sciences and Health Sciences, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Radom, Poland
| | - Dorota Pietras-Ożga
- Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Dagmara Stępień-Pyśniak
- Department of Veterinary Prevention and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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Yu H, Feng C, Raza SHA, Zhang L, Chi T, Qi Y, Jia K, Zhang Y, Wei J, Qian A, Sun W, Shan X, Zhang L. Characterization and genome analysis of two new Aeromonas hydrophila phages, PZL-Ah1and PZL-Ah8. Arch Virol 2022; 167:669-673. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-021-05345-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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8
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Fauzi NNFNM, Hamdan RH, Mohamed M, Ismail A, Mat Zin AA, Mohamad NFA. Prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility, and presence of drug resistance genes in Aeromonas spp. isolated from freshwater fish in Kelantan and Terengganu states, Malaysia. Vet World 2021; 14:2064-2072. [PMID: 34566322 PMCID: PMC8448652 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.2064-2072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens has been increasingly reported, which has resulted in a decreasing ability to treat bacterial infections. Therefore, this study investigated the presence of Aeromonas spp., including its antibiotic resistance in various fish samples, Oreochromis spp., Clarias gariepinus, and Pangasius hypophthalmus, obtained from Kelantan and Terengganu, Malaysia. Materials and Methods: In this study, 221 fish samples, of which 108 (Oreochromis spp., n=38; C. gariepinus, n=35; and P. hypophthalmus, n=35) were from Kelantan and 113 (Oreochromis spp., n=38; C. gariepinus, n=35; and P. hypophthalmus, n=40) were from Terengganu, were caught using cast nets. Then, samples from their kidneys were cultured on a Rimler Shott agar to isolate Aeromonas spp. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to confirm this isolation using specific gene primers for species identification. Subsequently, the isolates were tested for their sensitivity to 14 antibiotics using the Kirby–Bauer method, after which the PCR was conducted again to detect resistance genes: sul1, strA-strB, aadA, blaTEM, blaSHV, tetA-tetE, and tetM. Results: From the results, 61 isolates were identified as being from the genus Aeromonas using PCR, of which 28 were Aeromonas jandaei, 19 were Aeromonas veronii, seven were Aeromonas hydrophila, and seven were Aeromonas sobria. Moreover, 8, 12, and 8 of A. jandaei; 4, 3, and 12 of A. veronii; 6, 0, and 1 of A. hydrophila; and 3, 3, and 1 of A. sobria were obtained from Oreochromis spp., C. gariepinus, and P. hypophthalmus, respectively. In addition, the isolates showed the highest level of resistance to ampicillin (100%), followed by streptomycin (59.0%), each kanamycin and nalidixic acid (41.0%), neomycin (36.1%), tetracycline (19.7%), sulfamethoxazole (14.8%), and oxytetracycline (13.1%). Resistance to gentamicin and ciprofloxacin both had the same percentage (9.8%), whereas isolates showed the lowest resistance to norfloxacin (8.2%) and doxycycline (1.6%). Notably, all Aeromonas isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol and nitrofurantoin. Results also revealed that the multiple antibiotic resistances index of the isolates ranged from 0.07 to 0.64, suggesting that the farmed fish in these areas were introduced to the logged antibiotics indiscriminately and constantly during their cultivation stages. Results also revealed that the sul1 gene was detected in 19.7% of the Aeromonas isolates, whereas the tetracycline resistance genes, tetA and tetE, were detected in 27.9% and 4.9% of the isolates, respectively. However, β-lactam resistance genes, blaTEM and blaSHV, were found in 44.3% and 13.1% of Aeromonas isolates, respectively, whereas strA-strB and aadA genes were found in 3.3% and 13.1% of the isolates, respectively. Conclusion: This study, therefore, calls for continuous surveillance of antibiotic-resistant Aeromonas spp. in cultured freshwater fish to aid disease management and better understand their implications to public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nik Nur Fazlina Nik Mohd Fauzi
- Department of Paraclinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Pengkalan Chepa, 16100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Ruhil Hayati Hamdan
- Department of Paraclinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Pengkalan Chepa, 16100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Maizan Mohamed
- Department of Paraclinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Pengkalan Chepa, 16100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Aziana Ismail
- Department of Paraclinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Pengkalan Chepa, 16100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Ain Auzureen Mat Zin
- Department of Paraclinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Pengkalan Chepa, 16100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nora Faten Afifah Mohamad
- Department of Paraclinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Pengkalan Chepa, 16100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Aeromonas sobria Induced Sepsis Complicated with Necrotizing Fasciitis in a Child with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/reports4020009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas species are gram negative and able to induce systemic diseases (i.e., gastrointestinal, respiratory, and cardiovascular, diseases, in addition to infection of brain and soft tissues). In this study, we describe the development of necrotizing fasciitis in a young immunocompromised girl, with a low response to drug treatment and who died after some months.
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Das S, Sreejith S, Babu J, Francis C, Midhun JS, Aswani R, Sebastain KS, Radhakrishnan EK, Mathew J. Genome sequencing and annotation of multi-virulent Aeromonas veronii XhG1.2 isolated from diseased Xiphophorus hellerii. Genomics 2020; 113:991-998. [PMID: 33144215 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The present study was intended to elucidate the genomic basis of antibiotic resistance and hyper-virulence of the fish pathogen Aeromonas veronii XhG1.2 characterized in our previous work. The identity of XhG1.2 was confirmed through 16S rDNA sequence analysis and whole genome sequence analysis. The top-hit species distribution analysis of XhG1.2 sequence data revealed major hits against the Aeromonas veronii. The identification of virulence genes using the VFDB showed the genome of XhG1.2 to have the genes coding for the virulence factors viz. aerolysin, RtxA, T2SS, T3SS and T6SS. The presence of antibiotic resistance predicted through the CARD database analysis showed it to have the CephA3, OXA-12, adeF and pulvomycin resistance genes. By the phylogenetic and comparative genomic analysis, A. veronii species were found to have genes for toxin production. This also confirmed the pathogenicity and drug resistance of A. veronii XhG1.2 and also its potential to cause disease in diverse ornamental fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Das
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, P.D.Hills PO, Kottayam 686 560, India
| | - S Sreejith
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, P.D.Hills PO, Kottayam 686 560, India
| | - Jilna Babu
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Mahatma Gandhi University, P.D.Hills PO, Kottayam 686 560, India
| | - Celen Francis
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Mahatma Gandhi University, P.D.Hills PO, Kottayam 686 560, India
| | - J S Midhun
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, P.D.Hills PO, Kottayam 686 560, India
| | - R Aswani
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, P.D.Hills PO, Kottayam 686 560, India
| | - K S Sebastain
- Department of Zoology, Govt. College, Kottayam 686013, Kerala, India
| | - E K Radhakrishnan
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, P.D.Hills PO, Kottayam 686 560, India
| | - Jyothis Mathew
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, P.D.Hills PO, Kottayam 686 560, India.
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Lujan-Hernandez J, Schultz KS, Rothkopf DM. Rapidly Progressive Soft Tissue Infection of the Upper Extremity With Aeromonas veronii Biovar sobria. J Hand Surg Am 2020; 45:1091.e1-1091.e4. [PMID: 32238279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Aeromonas veronii, a bacterium found in freshwater, is an unusual pathogen in healthy patients. We present a case report of a rare, aggressive subtype in a young, immunocompetent individual. History of injury in an aquatic environment and culture data are key for identification of the causal agent and should dictate acute clinical management and antibiotic therapy. Coverage should include cephalosporins, quinolones, or sulfas if Aeromonas is suspected, and adjusted depending on culture and sensitivity. Early surgical exploration, incision and drainage, and appropriate antimicrobial therapy are the cornerstones for successful treatment of these aggressive, sometimes life-threatening infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Lujan-Hernandez
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Kurt S Schultz
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA.
| | - Douglas M Rothkopf
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
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Cheong JY, Muskhazli M, Nor Azwady AA, Ahmad SA, Adli AA. Three dimensional optimisation for the enhancement of astaxanthin recovery from shrimp shell wastes by Aeromonas hydrophila. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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13
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Moreno-Mesonero L, Hortelano I, Moreno Y, Ferrús MA. Evidence of viable Helicobacter pylori and other bacteria of public health interest associated with free-living amoebae in lettuce samples by next generation sequencing and other molecular techniques. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 318:108477. [PMID: 31855786 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2019.108477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Vegetables are one of the sources from which Helicobacter pylori can be acquired. This bacterium infects >50% of the global population and is a recognized type I human carcinogen. H. pylori enters into the viable but non-culturable state when it is in the environment, and therefore the use of molecular techniques is much convenient for its detection. Free-living amoebae (FLA) are protozoans found in vegetables. They are transmission vehicles for amoeba-resistant bacteria, among which H. pylori is included. The aim of this study is to study the occurrence and viability of H. pylori from lettuce samples, H. pylori internalized into FLA and the microbiome of FLA isolated from these samples. Special focus was pointed to human pathogenic bacteria. H. pylori was not directly detected in any lettuce sample by means of molecular techniques and neither by culture. However, intra-amoebic H. pylori DNA was detected by means of PMA-qPCR in 55% of the samples and viable intra-amoebic H. pylori cells in 25% of the samples by means of DVC-FISH technique. When FLA microbiome was studied, 21 bacterial genera were part of FLA microbiome in all samples. Helicobacter genus was detected as part of the FLA microbiome in two samples. Other bacteria of public health interest such as Aeromonas sp., Arcobacter sp., Legionella sp., Mycobacterium sp., Pseudomonas sp. and Salmonella sp. were detected as part of FLA microbiome along the analysed samples. This study demonstrates for the first time that H. pylori is internalized as well as alive inside FLA isolated from vegetables. Moreover, this study shows that FLA promote H. pylori detection in environmental samples. In addition, as far as we are aware, this is the first study which studies the microbiome of FLA isolated from vegetables. Among the FLA microbiome, bacteria of public health interest were detected, pointing out that FLA are carriers of these pathogens which can reach humans and cause a public health concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Moreno-Mesonero
- Research Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering (IIAMA), Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Irene Hortelano
- Research Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering (IIAMA), Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Yolanda Moreno
- Research Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering (IIAMA), Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Mª Antonia Ferrús
- Biotechnology Department, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
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Hadi N, Mahmoodi Z, Emami A, Malekzadegan Y, Valadbeygi T. Isolation and Molecular Identification of Aeromonas Wound Infection in Iranian Burn Patients. Infect Disord Drug Targets 2020; 19:269-273. [PMID: 30179147 DOI: 10.2174/1871526518666180903165823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aeromonas have recently emerged as opportunistic pathogens and only a few studies are available regarding the isolation of these bacteria from burn wound infections. This study aimed at isolating Aeromonas as an infrequent cause of infection in this group of immunocompromised patients. METHODS A total of 300 samples were collected from the wounds of burn patients hospitalized in Gotbodin Shirazi Burn Center in 2013. The samples were cultured on Aeromonas specific media and then confirmed using standard biochemical tests and 16S rRNA gene amplification and sequencing. The antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was determined using the disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods. RESULTS Biochemical tests demonstrated five presumptive samples of Aeromonas, while, molecular testing confirmed only three. All isolates were resistant to ampicillin-sulbactam, erythromycin, oxacillin, and vancomycin. However, they were susceptible to gentamicin, meropenem, nitrofurantoin, chloramphenicol, cephalexin, and cefotaxime. Two Aeromonas veronii isolates were resistant to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim and sensitive to nalidixic acid, while Aeromonas bestiarum was sensitive to the former and resistant to the latter antibiotics. Lastly, only one of the A. veronii isolates was found to be resistant to tetracycline. CONCLUSION This study is the first to report on the isolation of Aeromonas spp. from burn patients in Iran. Moreover, this is the first report of isolating A. bestiarum from burn wounds. The results of this study confirm earlier findings that the use of molecular methods is essential to accurately identify these bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahal Hadi
- Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Research Center, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zhaleh Mahmoodi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Ilam, Ilam, Iran
| | - Amir Emami
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Microbiology Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Yalda Malekzadegan
- Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Research Center, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Tahereh Valadbeygi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Ilam, Ilam, Iran
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15
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Cordeiro KS, Galeno LS, Mendonça CDJS, Carvalho IA, Costa FN. Ocorrência de bactérias patogênicas e deteriorantes em sashimi de salmão: avaliação de histamina e de susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF FOOD TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1981-6723.08519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Resumo O estudo das condições higiênico sanitárias de alimentos cárneos consumidos crus, como o sashimi, é necessário para definir sua qualidade e possíveis consequências para a saúde humana. Foram coletadas 60 amostras de sashimi de salmão (Salmo salar), de dez restaurantes na cidade de São Luís, Maranhão - Brasil, sendo seis de cada local. As amostras foram analisadas para contagem de coliformes a 35 °C, coliformes a 45 °C e Staphylococcus coagulase positiva e negativa, identificação da presença de Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Vibrio parahaemolyticus e Aeromonas spp, teste de suscetibilidade a antimicrobianos dos isolados e quantificação de histamina nas amostras. Os resultados mostraram elevadas contagens de coliformes a 35 °C e 12 amostras com >102 NMP/g de coliformes a 45 °C, presença de E. coli e de Salmonella sp. em 3 amostras cada, ausência de V. parahaemolyticus e Staphylococcus coagulase positiva e contagem de Staphylococcus coagulase negativa entre <20 e 5,0x104 UFC/g, presença de Aeromonas spp. em 95% das amostras, sendo 60 isolados A. hydrophila e 6 A. caviae. Para suscetibilidade aos antimicrobianos, os isolados de E. coli foram sensíveis a CPM, CTX, LVX, PPT e SUT, dois resistentes a AMP; um resistente a GEN, um a AMI e um a AMC. Os isolados de Salmonella foram sensíveis a AMC, CPM, CFO, CRX, GEN, LVX e PPT, um resistente a AMI e um a AMP e SUT. Os isolados de Aeromonas foram resistentes em média a cinco dos antimicrobianos, sendo a AMP (97%), a CRX (90,9%) e a AMC (77,3%), e 81,8% foram sensíveis ao CPM. Os níveis de histamina variaram de 44,06 ± 0,74 a 505,46 ± 8,83 mg/kg, sendo 21 das amostras com níveis superiores a 100 mg/kg. As amostras apresentaram condições higiênicos sanitárias insatisfatórias e riscos para a saúde pública, por identificação de bactérias patogênicas e elevadas concentrações de histamina capazes de causar intoxicação escombróide, e ainda, isolados com multirresistência aos antimicrobianos testados.
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Wickramanayake MVKS, Dahanayake PS, Hossain S, Heo GJ. Antimicrobial resistance of pathogenic Aeromonas spp. isolated from marketed Pacific abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) in Korea. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 128:606-617. [PMID: 31606917 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The object of this study was to identify potential health concerns of the Aeromons spp. isolated from marketed Pacific abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) with respect to their virulence and antimicrobial resistance patterns. METHODS AND RESULTS We identified 29 strains of aeromonads consisting of five species; Aeromonas hydrophila (n = 9), Aeromonas enteropelogenes (n = 14), Aeromonas veronii (n = 3), Aeromonas salmonicida (n = 2) and Aeromonas sobria (n = 1), by employing series of biochemical tests and gene sequencing. In the phenotypic virulence assays, all isolates showed gelatinase and caseinase activities, while lipase formation (69%), phospholipase production (90%), DNase formation (82%), slime production (49%) and haemolysis activity (α = 18% and β = 82%) were also detected among isolates. Prevalence of virulence genes; aerA (100%), fla (66%), ahyB (73%), act (52%), alt (42%), ast (35%), ser (52%), gcat (69%), ascV (43%), hlyA (83%), lip (52%) and exu (59%) were detected by PCR assays. In disc diffusion test, 100% resistance was detected against ampicillin while cephalothin, rifampicin, oxytetracycline, colistine sulphate, nalidixic acid and piperaciliin were resisted by 86, 73, 42, 35, 28, 20 and 20% of the isolates respectively. Thirteen (45%) of the isolates showed multiple antimicrobial resistance (MAR) indices ≥ 0·2. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the potential health risk posed by the abalone-borne Aeromonas spp. should not be underestimated. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is the first time to evaluate possible public health risks upon consumption of abalone harbored Aeromonas spp. and also to isolate potential pathogenic and multidrug-resistant Aeromonas spp. from Pacific abalone in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V K S Wickramanayake
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - P S Dahanayake
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Sabrina Hossain
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Gang-Joon Heo
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
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17
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Comprehensive Analysis Reveals the Evolution and Pathogenicity of Aeromonas, Viewed from Both Single Isolated Species and Microbial Communities. mSystems 2019; 4:4/5/e00252-19. [PMID: 31641046 PMCID: PMC6811364 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00252-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Aeromonas is a common gastrointestinal pathogen associated with human and animal infections. Due to the high level of cross-species similarity, their evolutionary dynamics and genetic diversity are still fragmented. Hereby, we investigated the pan-genomes of 29 Aeromonas species, as well as Aeromonas species in microbial communities, to clarify their evolutionary dynamics and genetic diversity, with special focus on virulence factors and horizontal gene transfer events. Our study revealed an open pan-genome of Aeromonas containing 10,144 gene families. These Aeromonas species exhibited different functional constraints, with the single-copy core genes and most accessory genes experiencing purifying selection. The significant congruence between core genome and pan-genome trees revealed that core genes mainly affected evolutionary divergences of Aeromonas species. Gene gains and losses revealed a high level of genome plasticity, exhibited by hundreds of gene expansions and contractions, horizontally transferred genes, and mobile genetic elements. The selective constraints shaped virulence gene pools of these Aeromonas strains, where genes encoding hemolysin were ubiquitous. Of these strains, Aeromonas aquatica MX16A seemed to be more resistant, as it harbored most resistance genes. Finally, the virulence factors of Aeromonas in microbial communities were quite dynamic in response to environment changes. For example, the virulence diversity of Aeromonas in microbial communities could reach levels that match some of the most virulent Aeromonas species (such as A. hydrophila) in penetrated-air and modified-air packaging. Our work shed some light onto genetic diversity, evolutionary history, and functional features of Aeromonas, which could facilitate the detection and prevention of infections.IMPORTANCE Aeromonas has long been known as a gastrointestinal pathogen, yet it has many species whose evolutionary dynamics and genetic diversity had been unclear until now. We have conducted pan-genome analysis for 29 Aeromonas species and revealed a high level of genome plasticity exhibited by hundreds of gene expansions and contractions, horizontally transferred genes, and mobile genetic elements. These species also contained many virulence factors both identified from single isolated species and microbial community. This pan-genome study could elevate the level for detection and prevention of Aeromonas infections.
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18
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Bhowmick UD, Bhattacharjee S. Bacteriological, Clinical and Virulence Aspects of Aeromonas-associated Diseases in Humans. Pol J Microbiol 2019; 67:137-149. [PMID: 30015452 PMCID: PMC7256846 DOI: 10.21307/pjm-2018-020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeromonads have been isolated from varied environmental sources such as polluted and drinking water, as well as from tissues and body fluids of cold and warm-blooded animals. A phenotypically and genotypically heterogenous bacteria, aeromonads can be successfully identified by ribotyping and/or by analysing gyrB gene sequence, apart from classical biochemical characterization. Aeromonads are known to cause scepticemia in aquatic organisms, gastroenteritis and extraintestinal diseases such as scepticemia, skin, eye, wound and respiratory tract infections in humans. Several virulence and antibiotic resistance genes have been identified and isolated from this group, which if present in their mobile genetic elements, may be horizontally transferred to other naive environmental bacteria posing threat to the society. The extensive and indiscriminate use of antibiotics has given rise to many resistant varieties of bacteria. Multidrug resistance genes, such as NDM1, have been identified in this group of bacteria which is of serious health concern. Therefore, it is important to understand how antibiotic resistance develops and spreads in order to undertake preventive measures. It is also necessary to search and map putative virulence genes of Aeromonas for fighting the diseases caused by them. This review encompasses current knowledge of bacteriological, environmental, clinical and virulence aspects of the Aeromonas group and related diseases in humans and other animals of human concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttara Dey Bhowmick
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal,Raja Rammohunpur, Siliguri, District Darjeeling, West Bengal,India
| | - Soumen Bhattacharjee
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal,Raja Rammohunpur, Siliguri, District Darjeeling, West Bengal,India
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19
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20
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Dias C, Ribeiro M, Correia-Branco A, Domínguez-Perles R, Martel F, Saavedra MJ, Simões M. Virulence, attachment and invasion of Caco-2 cells by multidrug-resistant bacteria isolated from wild animals. Microb Pathog 2019; 128:230-235. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Cai W, Willmon E, Burgos FA, Ray CL, Hanson T, Arias CR. Biofilm and Sediment are Major Reservoirs of Virulent Aeromonas hydrophila (vAh) in Catfish Production Ponds. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH 2019; 31:112-120. [PMID: 30549304 DOI: 10.1002/aah.10056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The genus Aeromonas comprises more than 60 recognized species that include many important fish pathogens such as the causative agents of furunculosis and motile Aeromonas septicemia (MAS). Although MAS is typically considered a secondary infection, a new virulent A. hydrophila (vAh) strain has been causing devastating losses to the catfish industry in Alabama since 2009. The objective of this study was to characterize the spatiotemporal distribution of Aeromonas sp. and, specifically, vAh in a commercial catfish farm in western Alabama. We sampled biofilm, sediment, and water from three ponds during four consecutive months during the growing season. Total aerobic counts were between 8.8 × 105 and 1.5 × 106 CFU/mL but were significantly higher in biofilm and sediment than in water throughout the sampling period. Total Aeromonas counts in water samples significantly increased in all three ponds after the month of August and ranged from 7.8 × 103 to 4.9 × 104 CFU/mL. A similar trend was observed in biofilm and sediment samples for which total Aeromonas counts increased in samples taken in late summer to early fall. Over time, the concentration of Aeromonas in water samples decreased by one order of magnitude, while there was a significant increase in sediments as temperature dropped. The virulent vAh was detected in 35.4% of biofilm samples and 22.9% of sediment samples, suggesting that both environments serve as the major reservoir for this pathogen. Future monitoring efforts should focus on targeting sediment and biofilms since samples of these appear to naturally enrich for the presence of vAh and other Aeromonas species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Cai
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, 203 Swingle Hall, Auburn, Alabama, 36849, USA
| | - Evelyn Willmon
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, 203 Swingle Hall, Auburn, Alabama, 36849, USA
- Department of Poultry Sciences, Auburn University, 260 Lem Morrison Drive, Auburn, Alabama, 36849, USA
| | - Francisca A Burgos
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, 203 Swingle Hall, Auburn, Alabama, 36849, USA
| | - Candis L Ray
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, 203 Swingle Hall, Auburn, Alabama, 36849, USA
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Harry K. Dupree Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Center, Stuttgart, Arkansas, 72160, USA
| | - Terry Hanson
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, 203 Swingle Hall, Auburn, Alabama, 36849, USA
| | - C R Arias
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, 203 Swingle Hall, Auburn, Alabama, 36849, USA
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Elbehiry A, Marzouk E, Abdeen E, Al-Dubaib M, Alsayeqh A, Ibrahem M, Hamada M, Alenzi A, Moussa I, Hemeg HA. Proteomic characterization and discrimination of Aeromonas species recovered from meat and water samples with a spotlight on the antimicrobial resistance of Aeromonas hydrophila. Microbiologyopen 2019; 8:e782. [PMID: 30614207 PMCID: PMC6854848 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas is recognized as a human pathogen following ingestion of contaminated food and water. One major problem in Aeromonas identification is that certain species are phenotypically very similar. The antimicrobial resistance is another significant challenge worldwide. We therefore aimed to use mass spectrometry technology for identification and discrimination of Aeromonas species and to screen the antimicrobial resistance of Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila). A total of 150 chicken meat and water samples were cultured, and then, the isolates were identified biochemically by the Vitek® 2 Compact system. Proteomic identification was performed by MALDI‐TOF MS and confirmed by a microchannel fluidics electrophoresis assay. Principal component analysis (PCA) and single‐peak analysis created by MALDI were also used to discriminate the Aeromonas species. The antimicrobial resistance of the A. hydrophila isolates was determined by Vitek® 2 AST cards. In total, 43 samples were positive for Aeromonas and comprised 22 A. hydrophila, 12 Aeromonas caviae (A. caviae), and 9 Aeromonas sobria (A. sobria) isolates. Thirty‐nine out of 43 (90.69%) Aeromonas isolates were identified by the Vitek® 2 Compact system, whereas 100% of the Aeromonas isolates were correctly identified by MALDI‐TOF MS with a score value ≥2.00. PCA successfully separated A. hydrophila, A. caviae and A. sobria isolates into two groups. Single‐peak analysis revealed four discriminating peaks that separated A. hydrophila from A. caviae and A. sobria isolates. The resistance of A. hydrophila to antibiotics was 95.46% for ampicillin, 50% for cefotaxime, 45.45% for norfloxacin and pefloxacin, 36.36% for ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin, 31.81% for ofloxacin and 27.27% for nalidixic acid and tobramycin. In conclusion, chicken meat and water were tainted with Aeromonas spp., with a high occurrence of A. hydrophila. MALDI‐TOF MS is a powerful technique for characterizing aeromonads at the genus and species levels. Future studies should investigate the resistance of A. hydrophila to various antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Elbehiry
- Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt.,Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Marzouk
- Department of Medical laboratories, College of Applied Medical Science, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Abdeen
- Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Musaad Al-Dubaib
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alsayeqh
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mai Ibrahem
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hamada
- Department of Food Hygiene & Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Afrah Alenzi
- Department of Medical laboratories, College of Applied Medical Science, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ihab Moussa
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hassan A Hemeg
- Department of Medical Technology/Microbiology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
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Santos EJRD, Galeno LS, Bastos LDS, Costa TF, Carvalho IA, Costa FN. QUALIDADE HIGIÊNICO-SANITÁRIA DE TAMBAQUI (Colossoma macropomum) COMERCIALIZADO NA CIDADE DE SÃO LUÍS - MA. CIÊNCIA ANIMAL BRASILEIRA 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1809-6891v20e-46537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo A identificação das condições higiênico-sanitárias do pescado é de suma importância para a promoção da saúde e a qualidade de vida da população. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade microbiológica e verificar o perfil de susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos das cepas isoladas de amostras de tambaqui (C. macropomum) comercializadas na cidade de São Luís, Maranhão. As 60 amostras de tambaqui, obtidas de supermercados e feiras livres, foram analisadas quanto à determinação do Número Mais Provável (NMP) de coliformes totais e termotolerantes; pesquisa de Escherichia coli; pesquisa de Aeromonas spp., e perfil de resistência antimicrobiana. Foi detectada uma elevada contagem de coliformes totais e termotolerantes, além de bactérias patogênicas, tais como: Aeromonas spp. em 56 (93,3%) e E. coli, em 13 (43,3%) das amostras analisadas. Em relação ao perfil de resistência antimicrobiana, os isolados de E. coli demonstraram baixos percentuais de resistência e as cepas de Aeromonas apresentaram elevados níveis de resistência aos antimicrobianos testados. Pode-se concluir que o tambaqui comercializado em São Luís − MA apresenta condições higiênico-sanitárias inadequadas para o consumo.
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Duman M, Saticioglu IB, Janda JM, Altun S. The determination of the infectious status and prevalence of motile Aeromonas species isolated from disease cases in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and aquarium fish. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2018; 41:1843-1857. [PMID: 30239011 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence and phylogenetic relationship of motile Aeromonas spp. that might be pathogenic species for rainbow trout in infected/mix infection cases (based upon different outbreaks on fish farms). A total of 99 motile Aeromonas isolates (and three reference strains) were analysed that were isolated from four different fish species in different sizes of fish (0.1-3,000 g), different months and water temperatures (6.1-21.2°C). The biochemical characteristics of the isolates were determined using conventional tests and a rapid test kit. Additionally, molecular identification was performed using the gyrB housekeeping gene region and with glycerophospholipid-cholesterol acyltransferase polymerase chain reaction (GCAT-PCR). The sequencing results obtained from the gyrB gene region were deposited in the GenBank database, and phylogenetic relationships were determined with the BioNumerics 7.6 database. Nearly half of the Aeromonas isolates that were isolated from rainbow trout showing signs of disease were determined to be possible infectious agents. Aeromonas species exhibit biochemical variability for many characters, so some Aeromonas species tested negative for GCAT-PCR despite that this test was created especially for Aeromonas identification. The phylogenetic tree based upon gyrB contained 10 different phylogroups that were based on 96% cut-off value in gyrB gene region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Duman
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aquatic Animal Disease Department, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Izzet Burcin Saticioglu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aquatic Animal Disease Department, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - J Michael Janda
- Kern County, Department of Public Health Services, Bakersfield, California
| | - Soner Altun
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aquatic Animal Disease Department, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
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Thakur R, Singh BB, Jindal P, Aulakh RS, Gill JPS. The Clean India Mission: Public and animal health benefits. Acta Trop 2018; 186:5-15. [PMID: 29949730 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The Clean India Mission is a national campaign that aims for complete elimination of open defecation from the country. In India, 564 million people do not have access to toilets and defecate in the open environment. The 'Millennium development goals' have given increased weightage to elimination of open defecation for improving health, nutrition and productivity of developing country populations. The Indian economy bears an estimated annual total loss (in terms of health, education, access time and tourism) of US$ 54 billion due to lack of toilets, poor hygiene and over US$ 38.5 billion in treatment costs for diseases occurring due to poor hygiene. Out of 1415 human pathogens, at least more than 10% of pathogens are transmitted through the faecal-oral route. The practice of open defecation helps pathogens persist in the environment and cause diseases. This review focuses on the current status and harms of open defecation, as well as the public and animal health benefits of implementing 'The Clean India Mission' in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Thakur
- School of Public Health & Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India
| | - Balbir Bagicha Singh
- School of Public Health & Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India.
| | - Prateek Jindal
- School of Public Health & Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India
| | - Rabinder Singh Aulakh
- School of Public Health & Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India
| | - Jatinder Paul Singh Gill
- School of Public Health & Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India
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van Zwetselaar M, Nyombi B, Sonda T, Kumburu H, Chamba N, Dekker MCJ, Kilonzo KG, Urasa SJ, Mmbaga BT. Aeromonas caviae mimicking Vibrio cholerae infectious enteropathy in a cholera-endemic region with possible public health consequences: two case reports. J Med Case Rep 2018; 12:71. [PMID: 29548295 PMCID: PMC5857081 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-018-1603-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aeromonas species have been documented to yield false positive results in microbiological tests for Vibrio cholerae. They share many biochemical properties with Vibrio species, with which they were jointly classified in the family Vibrionaceae until genotypic information provided new insights. Aeromonas species are increasingly associated with gastrointestinal infections, albeit with great apparent variation in pathogenicity and virulence both between and within species of the genus. We report two cases with clinically mild cholera-like symptoms, at a time when a cholera outbreak was unfolding in other regions of the country (Tanzania). These are the first cases to be reported with Aeromonas mimicking cholera in our area. CASE PRESENTATION Two patients were admitted at the isolation unit designated by the Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre for emerging infectious diseases and provided informed consent about regular stool analysis and culture under the provisional diagnosis of gastroenteritis. The first patient was a 23-year-old black African woman with a 2-day history of watery diarrhea and vomiting associated with a temperature of 39.7 °C. The second patient was a 47-year-old black African woman with a 2-day history of diarrhea and vomiting with a temperature of 37.7 °C, and she was hemodynamically stable. Both patients were isolated in a specific area for infection control and treated with fluids and orally administered rehydration solution, ciprofloxacin, metronidazole, and paracetamol. Stool culture was done. The isolated colonies were reported as V. cholerae and transferred to the research laboratory of Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute for confirmation using whole genome sequencing. Microbiological testing determined colonies isolated from stool to be V. cholerae, and warranted the conclusion "presumptive cholera." Whole genome sequencing, however, established the presence of Aeromonas caviae rather than V. cholerae. CONCLUSIONS The co-existence of Aeromonas species with V. cholerae in cholera-endemic regions suggests the possibility that a proportion of suspected cholera cases may be Aeromonas infections. However, with close to no epidemiological data available on Aeromonas infection in cases of diarrhea and dysentery in Sub-Saharan Africa, it is not currently possible to establish the extent of misdiagnosis to any degree of certainty. Whole genome sequencing was shown to readily exclude V. cholerae as the etiological agent and establish the presence of Aeromonas species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco van Zwetselaar
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Moshi, Kilimanjaro United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Balthazar Nyombi
- 0000 0004 0648 072Xgrid.415218.bKilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Kilimanjaro United Republic of Tanzania ,0000 0004 0648 0439grid.412898.eKilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Tolbert Sonda
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Moshi, Kilimanjaro United Republic of Tanzania ,0000 0004 0648 0439grid.412898.eKilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Happiness Kumburu
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Moshi, Kilimanjaro United Republic of Tanzania ,0000 0004 0648 0439grid.412898.eKilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Nyasatu Chamba
- 0000 0004 0648 072Xgrid.415218.bKilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Kilimanjaro United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Marieke C. J. Dekker
- 0000 0004 0648 072Xgrid.415218.bKilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Kilimanjaro United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Kajiru G. Kilonzo
- 0000 0004 0648 072Xgrid.415218.bKilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Kilimanjaro United Republic of Tanzania ,0000 0004 0648 0439grid.412898.eKilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Sarah J. Urasa
- 0000 0004 0648 072Xgrid.415218.bKilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Kilimanjaro United Republic of Tanzania ,0000 0004 0648 0439grid.412898.eKilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Blandina T. Mmbaga
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Moshi, Kilimanjaro United Republic of Tanzania ,0000 0004 0648 072Xgrid.415218.bKilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Kilimanjaro United Republic of Tanzania ,0000 0004 0648 0439grid.412898.eKilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, United Republic of Tanzania
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Clinical significance and outcome of Aeromonas spp. infections among 204 adult patients. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2017; 36:1393-1403. [PMID: 28258303 PMCID: PMC7102105 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-017-2945-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this investigation were to analyze the clinical patterns, risk groups, prognostic factors, and mortality of infections caused by Aeromonas spp. This was a retrospective study of adult patients with Aeromonas spp. isolates attended at the Hospital del Mar in Barcelona, Spain, between January 2006 and December 2012. Epidemiological data, antimicrobial susceptibility, clinical patterns, underlying illnesses, type of infection, admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), number of episodes, coinfection, antimicrobial therapy, and evolution were analyzed. A total of 221 clinical samples from 204 patients were positive for Aeromonas spp. The mean age of the patients was 67.6 years. The main clinical form of presentation was gastrointestinal (78.4%). Malignancy was the main risk group in 69 (33.8%) patients, and 48 (23.5%) were previously healthy. Twenty-one patients (10.3%) were admitted to the ICU. Infections were acquired in the hospital in 52.5% of the patients, and 28.9% were polymicrobial. The overall mortality (after 1 year of follow-up from the first positive culture) was 26.5%. Univariate analysis identified an association between increased mortality and the following variables: age ≥80 years, hospitalization, admission to the ICU, malignancy, extraintestinal infection, and appropriate antimicrobial therapy. In the multivariate analysis, age ≥80 years [odds ratio (OR), 4.37 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.68-11.35; p = 0.002]], admission to the ICU (OR, 6.59 [95% CI, 2.17-19.99; p = 0.001]), and malignancy (OR, 3.62 [95% CI, 1.32-9.90; p = 0.012]) were significantly associated with mortality. Aeromonas infections are mainly gastrointestinal. The 1-year follow-up mortality rate was high. Old age (age ≥80 years), admission to the ICU, and malignancy were identified as independent risk factors for mortality.
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Antimicrobial resistance of Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from different food sources: A mini-review. J Infect Public Health 2016; 9:535-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Qamar FN, Nisar MI, Quadri F, Shakoor S, Sow SO, Nasrin D, Blackwelder WC, Wu Y, Farag T, Panchalingham S, Sur D, Qureshi S, Faruque ASG, Saha D, Alonso PL, Breiman RF, Bassat Q, Tamboura B, Ramamurthy T, Kanungo S, Ahmed S, Hossain A, Das SK, Antonio M, Hossain MJ, Mandomando I, Tennant SM, Kotloff KL, Levine MM, Zaidi AKM. Aeromonas-Associated Diarrhea in Children Under 5 Years: The GEMS Experience. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2016; 95:774-780. [PMID: 27527635 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.16-0321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the clinical findings, epidemiology, and risk factors for moderate-to-severe diarrhea (MSD) associated with Aeromonas species in children 0-59 months of age, from the Global Enteric Multicenter Study, conducted at three sites in south Asia and four sites in sub-Saharan Africa. Children with MSD were enrolled along with controls matched for age, gender, and neighborhood. Pooled, age-stratified conditional logistic regression models were applied to evaluate the association of Aeromonas infection controlling for coinfecting pathogens and sociodemographic variables. A pooled, age-stratified, multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to identify risk factors associated with Aeromonas positivity in MSD cases. A total of 12,110 cases and 17,291 matched controls were enrolled over a period of 48 months. Aeromonas was identified as a significant pathogen in 736 cases of MSD in Pakistan and Bangladesh (22.2%). Aeromonas remained a significant pathogen even after adjustment for the presence of other pathogens and sociodemographic factors. Odds ratio (OR) for Aeromonas were higher in the presence of Shigella (matched OR: 6.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.9-20.2). Cases of Aeromonas were likely to present with dysentery, particularly in the 0-11 months (OR: 1.4, 95% CI 1.0-2.0) and 12-23 months (OR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.3-2.5) age group. The odds of Aeromonas increased with increasing degree of stunting, being highest for severe stunting (OR: 10.1, 95% CI: 3.6-28.9). Aeromonas is a significant pathogen for MSD in Pakistan and Bangladesh. Presence of dysentery and co-occurrence with other pathogens, notably Shigella spp. are significant features of Aeromonas-associated diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Naz Qamar
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Imran Nisar
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Farheen Quadri
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Shakoor
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Samba O Sow
- Center for Vaccine Development, Ministry of Health, Bamako, Mali
| | - Dilruba Nasrin
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore School of Medicine, Maryland. Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - William C Blackwelder
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore School of Medicine, Maryland. Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Yukun Wu
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore School of Medicine, Maryland. Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Tamer Farag
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore School of Medicine, Maryland. Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. Vaccine Development and Surveillance, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington
| | - Sandra Panchalingham
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore School of Medicine, Maryland
| | - Dipika Sur
- Division of Epidemiology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Shahida Qureshi
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Abu S G Faruque
- Clinical Sciences Division, International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Debasish Saha
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Security (CNFS), International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Pedro L Alonso
- International Health Research, Barcelona Centre for International Health Research (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Microbiology, Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Robert F Breiman
- International Emerging Infections Program, Kenya Medical Research Institute/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KEMRI/CDC), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Quique Bassat
- International Health Research, Barcelona Centre for International Health Research (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. ISGlobal, Barcelona Centre for International Health Research (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Boubou Tamboura
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. Centre National d'Appui à la lutte contre la Maladie/Centre pour le Développement des Vaccins (CNAM/CVD-Mali), Bamako, Mali
| | | | - Suman Kanungo
- Division of Epidemiology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Shahnawaz Ahmed
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Security (CNFS), International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Anowar Hossain
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Security (CNFS), International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sumon K Das
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Security (CNFS), International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Martin Antonio
- Child Survival Theme, Molecular Diagnostics, Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit, Banjul, The Gambia
| | - M Jahangir Hossain
- Child Survival Theme, Molecular Diagnostics, Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit, Banjul, The Gambia
| | - Inacio Mandomando
- International Health Research, Barcelona Centre for International Health Research (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Microbiology, Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Sharon M Tennant
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore School of Medicine, Maryland. Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Karen L Kotloff
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore School of Medicine, Maryland. Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Myron M Levine
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore School of Medicine, Maryland. Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Anita K M Zaidi
- Vaccine Development and Surveillance, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington
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Merino S, Tomás JM. The FlgT Protein Is Involved in Aeromonas hydrophila Polar Flagella Stability and Not Affects Anchorage of Lateral Flagella. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1150. [PMID: 27507965 PMCID: PMC4960245 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila sodium-driven polar flagellum has a complex stator-motor. Consist of two sets of redundant and non-exchangeable proteins (PomA/PomB and PomA2/PomB2), which are homologs to other sodium-conducting polar flagellum stator motors; and also two essential proteins (MotX and MotY), that they interact with one of those two redundant pairs of proteins and form the T-ring. In this work, we described an essential protein for polar flagellum stability and rotation which is orthologs to Vibrio spp. FlgT and it is encoded outside of the A. hydrophila polar flagellum regions. The flgT was present in all mesophilic Aeromonas strains tested and also in the non-motile Aeromonas salmonicida. The A. hydrophila ΔflgT mutant is able to assemble the polar flagellum but is more unstable and released into the culture supernatant from the cell upon completion assembly. Presence of FlgT in purified polar hook-basal bodies (HBB) of wild-type strain was confirmed by Western blotting and electron microscopy observations showed an outer ring of the T-ring (H-ring) which is not present in the ΔflgT mutant. Anchoring and motility of proton-driven lateral flagella was not affected in the ΔflgT mutant and specific antibodies did not detect FlgT in purified lateral HBB of wild type strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Merino
- Departamento de Genética, Microbiología y Estadística, Sección Microbiologia, Virología y Biotecnología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan M Tomás
- Departamento de Genética, Microbiología y Estadística, Sección Microbiologia, Virología y Biotecnología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain
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31
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Reche MHLR, Reali C, Pittol M, de Athayde Saul D, Macedo VRM, Valiati VH, Machado V, Fiuza LM. Diversity of culturable Gram-negative bacteria isolated from irrigation water of two rice crop regions in Southern Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2016; 188:359. [PMID: 27197729 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-016-5357-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we assessed the diversity of Gram-negative bacteria found in water used for irrigation of rice crops in two growing areas of southern Brazil. Samples were collected from the main irrigation channel and field drain area. Twenty-two bacterial species were found in Cachoeirinha and 28 in Camaquã. In both areas, the most frequent bacterial families were Enterobacteriaceae and Aeromonadaceae. Differences in microbial diversity were observed in both study areas. Thirty-five Gram-negative species were identified; however, only 15 were common in both locations. In addition, there were found pathogenic and drug-resistant species, such as Acinetobacter sp., Brucella spp., and Chryseobacterium meningosepticum. This study demonstrates the existence of a number of pathogenic species in aquatic ecosystems analyzed in three consecutive crop years, especially water used for rice production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Helena Lima Ribeiro Reche
- Microbiology and Toxicology Laboratory, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), São Leopoldo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biology, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), São Leopoldo, Brazil
| | - Catiusca Reali
- Microbiology and Toxicology Laboratory, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), São Leopoldo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biology, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), São Leopoldo, Brazil
| | - Michele Pittol
- Microbiology and Toxicology Laboratory, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), São Leopoldo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biology, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), São Leopoldo, Brazil
| | - Danilo de Athayde Saul
- Microbiology and Toxicology Laboratory, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), São Leopoldo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biology, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), São Leopoldo, Brazil
| | - Vera Regina Mussoi Macedo
- Microbiology and Toxicology Laboratory, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), São Leopoldo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biology, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), São Leopoldo, Brazil
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, PPG, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), Av. Unisinos, 950 - Bairro Cristo Rei - CEP, 93.022-750, São Leopoldo, Brazil
| | - Victor Hugo Valiati
- Postgraduate Program in Biology, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), São Leopoldo, Brazil.
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, PPG, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), Av. Unisinos, 950 - Bairro Cristo Rei - CEP, 93.022-750, São Leopoldo, Brazil.
| | - Vilmar Machado
- Microbiology and Toxicology Laboratory, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), São Leopoldo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biology, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), São Leopoldo, Brazil
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, PPG, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), Av. Unisinos, 950 - Bairro Cristo Rei - CEP, 93.022-750, São Leopoldo, Brazil
| | - Lidia Mariana Fiuza
- Microbiology and Toxicology Laboratory, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), São Leopoldo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biology, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), São Leopoldo, Brazil
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Ghatak S, Blom J, Das S, Sanjukta R, Puro K, Mawlong M, Shakuntala I, Sen A, Goesmann A, Kumar A, Ngachan SV. Pan-genome analysis of Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas veronii and Aeromonas caviae indicates phylogenomic diversity and greater pathogenic potential for Aeromonas hydrophila. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2016; 109:945-56. [PMID: 27075453 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-016-0693-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Aeromonas species are important pathogens of fishes and aquatic animals capable of infecting humans and other animals via food. Due to the paucity of pan-genomic studies on aeromonads, the present study was undertaken to analyse the pan-genome of three clinically important Aeromonas species (A. hydrophila, A. veronii, A. caviae). Results of pan-genome analysis revealed an open pan-genome for all three species with pan-genome sizes of 9181, 7214 and 6884 genes for A. hydrophila, A. veronii and A. caviae, respectively. Core-genome: pan-genome ratio (RCP) indicated greater genomic diversity for A. hydrophila and interestingly RCP emerged as an effective indicator to gauge genomic diversity which could possibly be extended to other organisms too. Phylogenomic network analysis highlighted the influence of homologous recombination and lateral gene transfer in the evolution of Aeromonas spp. Prediction of virulence factors indicated no significant difference among the three species though analysis of pathogenic potential and acquired antimicrobial resistance genes revealed greater hazards from A. hydrophila. In conclusion, the present study highlighted the usefulness of whole genome analyses to infer evolutionary cues for Aeromonas species which indicated considerable phylogenomic diversity for A. hydrophila and hitherto unknown genomic evidence for pathogenic potential of A. hydrophila compared to A. veronii and A. caviae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Ghatak
- Division of Animal Health, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, 793103, India.
| | - Jochen Blom
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Samir Das
- Division of Animal Health, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, 793103, India
| | - Rajkumari Sanjukta
- Division of Animal Health, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, 793103, India
| | - Kekungu Puro
- Division of Animal Health, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, 793103, India
| | | | - Ingudam Shakuntala
- Division of Animal Health, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, 793103, India
| | - Arnab Sen
- Division of Animal Health, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, 793103, India
| | - Alexander Goesmann
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, India
| | - S V Ngachan
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, 793103, India
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Angeletti S, Ceccarelli G, Vita S, Dicuonzo G, Lopalco M, Dedej E, Blasi A, Antonelli F, Conti A, De Cesaris M, Farchi F, Lo Presti A, Ciccozzi M. Unusual microorganisms and antimicrobial resistances in a group of Syrian migrants: Sentinel surveillance data from an asylum seekers centre in Italy. Travel Med Infect Dis 2016; 14:115-22. [PMID: 26987764 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three years of civil war in Syria have caused death and increase of communicable diseases. The suffering population has been forced to migrate creating a fertile condition for epidemic spread of infection within the refugee camps. METHODS Forty-eight Syrian migrants, upon their arrival in Italy, were accommodated at the asylum seekers centre of Castelnuovo di Porto. They received a physical examination and were subjected to microbiological surveillance by blood, rectal, pharyngeal and nasal swabs collection and delivering to the Clinical Pathology and Microbiology Laboratory of the University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome. RESULTS All refugees resulted negative for HBV, HCV and HIV infections. In swabs a large number of unusual gram-negative bacteria species were isolated, such as Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas monteilii, Pseudomonas fulva, Pseudomonas moselii, Aeromonas veronii, Aeromonas caviae, Aeromonas hydrophila, Acinteobacter guilloviae, Acinteobacter lowffii; Acinetobacter johnsonii; Acinteobacter tjernbergae; Pantoea agglomerans; Pantoea calida. Among isolates, strains resistant to carbapenems, ESBL producers and methicillin resistant were found. CONCLUSIONS The microbiological surveillance performed represents a useful action to understand refugees health status and to trace unusual microorganisms movement even carriers of antimicrobial resistance during migrants traveling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Angeletti
- Clinical Pathology and Microbiology Laboratory, University Hospital Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Ceccarelli
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases. University of Rome, "Sapienza," Policlinico Umberto I", Rome, Italy; Migrant Health Research Organisation (Mi-HeRO) - Centro di Ricerca sulla Salute delle Popolazioni Mobili e Globale, Italy
| | - Serena Vita
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases. University of Rome, "Sapienza," Policlinico Umberto I", Rome, Italy; Migrant Health Research Organisation (Mi-HeRO) - Centro di Ricerca sulla Salute delle Popolazioni Mobili e Globale, Italy
| | - Giordano Dicuonzo
- Clinical Pathology and Microbiology Laboratory, University Hospital Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Lopalco
- Sanitary Bureau of Asylum Seekers Center of Castelnuovo di Porto, Rome, Italy; Auxilium Società Cooperativa Sociale, Senise (PZ), Italy
| | - Etleva Dedej
- Clinical Pathology and Microbiology Laboratory, University Hospital Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Italy
| | - Aletheia Blasi
- Clinical Pathology and Microbiology Laboratory, University Hospital Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Antonelli
- Clinical Pathology and Microbiology Laboratory, University Hospital Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Conti
- Clinical Pathology and Microbiology Laboratory, University Hospital Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Italy
| | - Marina De Cesaris
- Clinical Pathology and Microbiology Laboratory, University Hospital Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Farchi
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic, and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Epidemiology Unit, Reference Centre on Phylogeny, Molecular Epidemiology, and Microbial Evolution (FEMEM), National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lo Presti
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic, and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Epidemiology Unit, Reference Centre on Phylogeny, Molecular Epidemiology, and Microbial Evolution (FEMEM), National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Ciccozzi
- Clinical Pathology and Microbiology Laboratory, University Hospital Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Italy; Department of Infectious, Parasitic, and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Epidemiology Unit, Reference Centre on Phylogeny, Molecular Epidemiology, and Microbial Evolution (FEMEM), National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy.
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Castelo-Branco DDSCM, Sales JA, Brilhante RSN, Guedes GMDM, Ponte YBD, Sampaio CMDS, Bandeira TDJPG, Moreira JLB, Alencar LPD, Paiva MDAN, Cordeiro RDA, Monteiro AJ, Pereira-Neto WDA, Sidrim JJC, Rocha MFG. Enterobacteria and Vibrio from Macrobrachium amazonicum prawn farming in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2016; 9:27-31. [PMID: 26851782 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the isolation of enterobacteria associated with Macrobrachium amazonicum (M. amazonicum) farming and evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of Vibrio strains. METHODS Strains were isolated from female M. amazonicum prawns and environmental and hatchery water. Biochemical assays were used to identify bacterial genera and those belonging to the genus Vibrio were submitted to further analyses for species identification, through Vitek 2 automated system and serotyping. Susceptibility test was performed according to Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute. RESULTS The following genera of enterobacteria were recovered: Enterobacter (n = 11), Citrobacter (n = 10), Proteus (n = 2), Serratia (n = 2), Kluyvera (n = 2), Providencia (n = 2), Cedecea (n = 1), Escherichia (n = 1), Edwardsiella (n = 1) and Buttiauxella (n = 1). As for Vibrio, three species were identified: Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 (n = 4), Vibrio vulnificus (V. vulnificus) (n = 1) and Vibrio mimicus (n = 1). Vibrio spp. showed minimum inhibitory concentrations values within the susceptibility range established by Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute for almost all antibiotics, except for V. vulnificus, which presented intermediate profile to ampicillin. CONCLUSIONS Enterobacteria do not seem to be the most important pathogens associated with M. amazonicum farming, whereas the recovery of Vibrio spp. from larviculture, with emphasis on Vibrio cholerae and V. vulnificus, deserves special attention due to their role as potentially zoonotic aquaculture-associated pathogens. Furthermore, the intermediate susceptibility of V. vulnificus to ampicillin reflects the importance of monitoring drug use in prawn farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora de Souza Collares Maia Castelo-Branco
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Jamille Alencar Sales
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Raimunda Sâmia Nogueira Brilhante
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Glaucia Morgana de Melo Guedes
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Yago Brito de Ponte
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Célia Maria de Souza Sampaio
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Tereza de Jesus Pinheiro Gomes Bandeira
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - José Luciano Bezerra Moreira
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Lucas Pereira de Alencar
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Manoel de Araújo Neto Paiva
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Rossana de Aguiar Cordeiro
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - André Jalles Monteiro
- Department of Statistics and Applied Mathematics, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Waldemiro de Aquino Pereira-Neto
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - José Júlio Costa Sidrim
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Marcos Fábio Gadelha Rocha
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; School of Veterinary Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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Mirjafari Tafti ZS, Rahbar M, Eslami P, Hashemi SHR, Hajia M, Gharehbaghi Dori M, Abdinia B. A Survey of the Epidemiology and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Enteropathogens Isolates in an Iranian Hospital. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENTERIC PATHOGENS 2016. [DOI: 10.17795/ijep32713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Praveen PK, Debnath C, Shekhar S, Dalai N, Ganguly S. Incidence of Aeromonas spp. infection in fish and chicken meat and its related public health hazards: A review. Vet World 2016; 9:6-11. [PMID: 27051177 PMCID: PMC4819351 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2016.6-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas is recognized to cause a variety of diseases in man. In humans, they are associated with intestinal and extra-intestinal infections. With the growing importance of Aeromonas as an emerging pathogen, it is important to combat this organism. It is indisputable that Aeromonas strains may produce many different putative virulence factors such as enterotoxins, hemolysins or cytotoxins, and antibiotic resistance against different antibiotics. The ability of these bacteria to grow competitively at 5°C may be indicative of their potential as a public health hazard. Comprehensive enteric disease surveillance strategies, prevention and education are essential for meeting the challenges in the years ahead. It is important for us to promote the value of enteric cultures when patients have a gastrointestinal illness or bloody diarrhea or when multiple cases of enteric disease occur after a common exposure. With the growing importance of Aeromonas as an emerging pathogen, it is important to combat this organism. It is indisputable that Aeromonas strains may produce many different putative virulence factors, such as enterotoxins, hemolysins or cytotoxins. It has been established that aerolysin is a virulence factor contributing to the pathogenesis of Aeromonas hydrophila infection. Fish and chicken play an important role in the transmission of this pathogen to humans. In the present study, the high prevalence of toxin-producing strains was found among the Aeromonas isolates. The ability of these bacteria to grow competitively at 5°C may be indicative of their potential as a public health hazard. The present review was constructed with a view to highlight the zoonotic importance of Aeromonas pathogen in fish and chicken meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Kumar Praveen
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Kolkata - 700037, West Bengal, India
| | - Chanchal Debnath
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Kolkata - 700037, West Bengal, India
| | - Shashank Shekhar
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Kolkata - 700037, West Bengal, India
| | - Nirupama Dalai
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Kolkata - 700037, West Bengal, India
| | - Subha Ganguly
- Department of Fish Processing Technology, Faculty of Fishery Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata - 700037, West Bengal, India
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Olaniran AO, Nzimande SBT, Mkize NG. Antimicrobial resistance and virulence signatures of Listeria and Aeromonas species recovered from treated wastewater effluent and receiving surface water in Durban, South Africa. BMC Microbiol 2015; 15:234. [PMID: 26498595 PMCID: PMC4619433 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-015-0570-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treated wastewater effluent has been found to contain high levels of contaminants, including disease-causing bacteria such as Listeria and Aeromonas species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance and virulence signatures of Listeria and Aeromonas spp. recovered from treated effluents of two wastewater treatment plants and receiving rivers in Durban, South Africa. METHODS A total of 100 Aeromonas spp. and 78 Listeria spp. were positively identified based on biochemical tests and PCR detection of DNA region conserved in these genera. The antimicrobial resistance profiles of the isolates were determined using Kirby Bauer disc diffusion assay. The presence of important virulence genes were detected via PCR, while other virulence determinants; protease, gelatinase and haemolysin were detected using standard assays. RESULTS Highest resistance was observed against penicillin, erythromycin and nalidixic acid, with all 78 (100%) tested Listeria spp displaying resistance, followed by ampicillin (83.33%), trimethoprim (67.95%), nitrofurantoin (64.10%) and cephalosporin (60.26%). Among Aeromonas spp., the highest resistance (100%) was observed against ampicillin, penicillin, vancomycin, clindamycin and fusidic acid, followed by cephalosporin (82%), and erythromycin (58%), with 56% of the isolates found to be resistant to naladixic acid and trimethoprim. Among Listeria spp., 26.92% were found to contain virulence genes, with 14.10, 5.12 and 21% harbouring the actA, plcA and iap genes, respectively. Of the 100 tested Aeromonas spp., 52% harboured the aerolysin (aer) virulence associated gene, while lipase (lip) virulence associated gene was also detected in 68% of the tested Aeromonas spp. CONCLUSIONS The presence of these organisms in effluents samples following conventional wastewater treatment is worrisome as this could lead to major environmental and human health problems. This emphasizes the need for constant evaluation of the wastewater treatment effluents to ensure compliance to set guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademola O Olaniran
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, Republic of South Africa.
| | - Sphephile B T Nzimande
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, Republic of South Africa.
| | - Ndumiso G Mkize
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, Republic of South Africa.
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Didugu H, Thirtham M, Nelapati K, Reddy KK, Kumbhar BS, Poluru A, Pothanaboyina G. A study on the prevalence of Aeromonas spp. and its enterotoxin genes in samples of well water, tap water, and bottled water. Vet World 2015; 8:1237-42. [PMID: 27047024 PMCID: PMC4774662 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2015.1237-1242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this work was to study the prevalence of Aeromonas spp. and its enterotoxin genes in various water sources. MATERIALS AND METHODS 125 samples (50 from well water, 50 from tap water, and 25 from bottled water) were collected from various sources in and around Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation and examined for the presence of aeromonads by both cultural and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Alkaline peptone water with ampicillin was used as enrichment. Aeromonas isolation medium and ampicillin dextrin agar were used as selective media. The boiling and snap chilling method was used for DNA extraction. Primers targeted against 16S rRNA, aer, and ast were used to identify aeromonads and its enterotoxins. RESULTS 48%, 18%, and 12% of well water, tap water, and bottled water samples were found positive by cultural assay with an overall prevalence of 28.8%. Aeromonads were detected in 32 % (52% in well water, 20% in tap water, and 16% in bottled water) of samples by PCR assay. Aerolysin (aer) gene was noticed in 34.6%, 20%, and 0% of well water, tap water, and bottled water samples, respectively, with an overall prevalence of 27.5%. Thermostable cytotonic enterotoxin (ast) was observed in 37.5% (42.3% in well water, 30% in tap water, and 25% in bottled mineral water) of samples. CONCLUSIONS Presence of aeromonads and its toxin genes in various sources of water is of public health concern and emphasizes the need for necessary preventive measures to tackle the problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hareesh Didugu
- Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Madhavarao Thirtham
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, College of Veterinary Science, Proddatur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Krishnaiah Nelapati
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Science, Rajendranagar, Telangana, India
| | - K Kondal Reddy
- Department of Livestock Products Technology, Sri P.V. Narsimha Rao Telangana State University for Veterinary, Animal and Fishery Sciences, Rajendranagar, Telangana, India
| | - Baba Saheb Kumbhar
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Science, Rajendranagar, Telangana, India
| | - Anusha Poluru
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Science, Rajendranagar, Telangana, India
| | - Guruvishnu Pothanaboyina
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Veterinary Science, Proddatur, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Microbial biofilms in seafood: A food-hygiene challenge. Food Microbiol 2015; 49:41-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2015.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ghenghesh KS, Rahouma A, Zorgani A, Tawil K, Al Tomi A, Franka E. Aeromonas in Arab countries: 1995-2014. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2015; 42:8-14. [PMID: 26577192 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to provide information on the prevalence, clinical syndromes, and antimicrobial resistance and therapy of Aeromonas spp. infections in Arab countries. The data were obtained by an English language literature search from 1995 to 2014 of Medline and PubMed for papers using the search terms "Aeromonas+name of Arab country (i.e. Algeria, Egypt, etc.)". Additional data were obtained from a Google search using the aforementioned terms. The organisms have been reported from diarrheal children, patients with cholera-like diarrhea, an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis and from different types of animals, foods and water source in several Arab countries in the Middle East and North Africa with predominance of A. hydrophila, A. caviae and A. sobria. Using molecular techniques few studies reported genes encoding several toxins from aeromonads isolated from different sources. Among the antimicrobials examined in the present review third generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides showed excellent activity and can be employed in the treatment of Aeromonas-associated human infections in Arabic countries. Whenever possible, treatment should be guided by the susceptibility testing results of the isolated organism. In the future, studies employing molecular testing methods are required to provide data on circulating genospecies and their modes of transmission in the community, and on their mechanisms of resistance to antimicrobials. Microbiology laboratories and research centers are encouraged to look for these organisms in clinical, food and water sources to attain a better understanding of the public health risks from these organisms in Arab countries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amal Rahouma
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | | | - Khaled Tawil
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | | | - Ezzadin Franka
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
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Leung DT, Das SK, Malek MA, Qadri F, Faruque ASG, Chisti MJ, Ryan ET. Concurrent Pneumonia in Children Under 5 Years of Age Presenting to a Diarrheal Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2015; 93:831-5. [PMID: 26149863 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory and gastrointestinal infections are the top killers of children worldwide, and their co-occurrence is reported but not well understood. Our aim was to determine the risk factors for concurrent presentation of diarrhea and pneumonia (DP) in a resource-limited setting in Bangladesh. We used data from the Diarrheal Disease Surveillance System of the icddr,b Dhaka Hospital to identify children < 60 months of age with diarrhea and concurrent pneumonia, defined as a history of cough, an abnormal lung examination, and tachypnea. For the years 1996-2007, out of total 14,628 diarrheal patients surveyed, there were 607 (4%) patients who satisfied criteria for pneumonia. Those with DP had a higher mortality rate (4% versus 0.05%, odds ratio [OR] = 86, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 26-286) and a longer hospital stay (mean 84 versus 26 hours, difference 58 hours, 95% CI = 52-64 hours) than those with diarrhea (D) only. In multivariable logistic regression comparing cases (N = 607) with controls matched for month and year of admission at a ratio of 1:3 (N = 1,808), we found that DP was associated with younger age, male gender, severe acute malnutrition (SAM), less maternal education, lower family income, and lack of current breast-feeding history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T Leung
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, and Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; Centre for Vaccine Sciences, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Centre for Nutrition and Food Security (CNFS), International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh; School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Division of Infectious Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sumon K Das
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, and Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; Centre for Vaccine Sciences, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Centre for Nutrition and Food Security (CNFS), International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh; School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Division of Infectious Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - M A Malek
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, and Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; Centre for Vaccine Sciences, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Centre for Nutrition and Food Security (CNFS), International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh; School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Division of Infectious Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Firdausi Qadri
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, and Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; Centre for Vaccine Sciences, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Centre for Nutrition and Food Security (CNFS), International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh; School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Division of Infectious Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - A S G Faruque
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, and Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; Centre for Vaccine Sciences, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Centre for Nutrition and Food Security (CNFS), International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh; School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Division of Infectious Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mohammod J Chisti
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, and Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; Centre for Vaccine Sciences, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Centre for Nutrition and Food Security (CNFS), International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh; School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Division of Infectious Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Edward T Ryan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, and Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; Centre for Vaccine Sciences, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Centre for Nutrition and Food Security (CNFS), International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh; School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Division of Infectious Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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Practical Guidance for Clinical Microbiology Laboratories: Diagnosis of Bacterial Gastroenteritis. Clin Microbiol Rev 2015; 28:3-31. [PMID: 25567220 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00073-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial gastroenteritis is a disease that is pervasive in both the developing and developed worlds. While for the most part bacterial gastroenteritis is self-limiting, identification of an etiological agent by bacterial stool culture is required for the management of patients with severe or prolonged diarrhea, symptoms consistent with invasive disease, or a history that may predict a complicated course of disease. Importantly, characterization of bacterial enteropathogens from stool cultures in clinical laboratories is one of the primary means by which public health officials identify and track outbreaks of bacterial gastroenteritis. This article provides guidance for clinical microbiology laboratories that perform stool cultures. The general characteristics, epidemiology, and clinical manifestations of key bacterial enteropathogens are summarized. Information regarding optimal specimen collection, transport, and processing and current diagnostic tests and testing algorithms is provided. This article is an update of Cumitech 12A (P. H. Gilligan, J. M. Janda, M. A. Karmali, and J. M. Miller, Cumitech 12A, Laboratory diagnosis of bacterial diarrhea, 1992).
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Tavares AB, Cereser ND, Timm CD. Ocorrência de Aeromonas spp. em alimentos de origem animal e sua importância em saúde pública. ARQUIVOS DO INSTITUTO BIOLÓGICO 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1808-1657000662013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas spp. são bactérias Gram negativas, opor-tunistas, de natureza ubíqua, isoladas principalmente de amostras de água. Até o presente momento foram reconhecidas 31 espé-cies, sendo as de maior importância médica Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas caviae e Aeromonas veronii. A patogenicidade do gênero é considerada multifatorial, sendo este produtor de diversos tipos de toxinas e com envolvimento de outros fatores capazes de facilitar a penetração e o estabelecimento do agente no hospedeiro, causando doença. O objetivo desta revisão é elucidar o papel dos alimentos de origem animal como fontes de contaminação de bactérias do gênero Aeromonas para o ser humano. Isolamentos de aeromonas de diversos produtos de origem animal têm sido relatados, como carne, leite e seus derivados, além de frutos do mar, e em ambientes de processamento, como abatedouros, frigorífcos e laticínios. Tem-se buscado determinar fontes de contaminação dos alimentos, e a água foi definida como o principal disseminador. Aeromonas já foi defnida como sendo a causadora de diversas enfermidades, desde afecções gastrointestinais até casos de meningite e morte. Considerando os alimentos de origem animal como importantes veículos de transmissão para o ser humano e o reconhecimento da água como fonte de disseminação do agente, torna-se imprescindível o tratamento adequado da água utilizada nos estabelecimentos processadores de alimentos para a segurança alimentar.
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Motukupally SR, Singh A, Garg P, Sharma S. Microbial Keratitis Due to Aeromonas Species at a Tertiary Eye Care Center in Southern India. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2014; 3:294-8. [PMID: 26107916 DOI: 10.1097/apo.0000000000000018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To review the incidence, microbiological profile, antibiogram, clinical course, treatment, and outcome in patients with microbial keratitis due to Aeromonas species at a tertiary eye care center in Southern India. DESIGN A retrospective, noncomparative study. METHODS This study included all patients of corneal ulcer with a significant growth of Aeromonas species on culture of corneal scrapings managed at an eye institute in India between January 2005 and October 2011. The patients underwent standard diagnostic microbiological evaluation, and their treatment was guided by microbiology results and clinical response to therapy. Data were analyzed for the incidence, predisposing factors, clinical picture, microbiology, and the treatment outcome. RESULTS Fifteen patients of microbial keratitis showed Aeromonas species to be the causative agent, constituting 0.5% of bacterial keratitis diagnosed during this period. Laboratory results showed that Aeromonas hydrophila was the predominant species isolated. Most of the isolates were susceptible to commonly used ocular antibiotics. Medical therapy resulted in resolution of infection in 9 (60%) of 15 cases. Five patients required application of cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive with bandage contact lens for corneal perforation. Two of the 5 patients needed penetrating keratoplasty for uncontrolled infection. Twelve of 15 patients had some local predisposing host factors for the infection. CONCLUSIONS Aeromonas species are uncommon but important causal agents of microbial keratitis. The organisms most often cause infection in individuals with local predisposing factors. Aeromonas hydrophila is the predominant species associated with keratitis. Although the organisms are susceptible to most antibiotics, a third of the patients required additional surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapna Reddy Motukupally
- From the *Jhaveri Microbiology Centre, Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, and †Cornea and Anterior Segment Services, L. V Prasad Eye Institute, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad; and ‡Ocular Microbiology Services, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Patia, Bhubaneswar, India
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Piotrowska M, Popowska M. The prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes among Aeromonas species in aquatic environments. ANN MICROBIOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-014-0911-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Mendes-Marques CL, Hofer E, Leal NC. Development of duplex-PCR for identification of Aeromonas species. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2014; 46:355-7. [PMID: 23681432 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-1344-2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The number of reports of intestinal infections caused by Aeromonas spp. has increased significantly in recent years. In most clinical laboratories, identification of these bacteria is carried out by general phenotypic tests that sometimes do not accurately differentiate Aeromonas and Vibrio. METHODS A duplex-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed directed to 2 targets identifying Aeromonas spp. pathogenic to humans. RESULTS The duplex-PCR results were reproducible and specific for Aeromonas spp. pathogenic to humans. CONCLUSIONS This method will allow differentiation between Vibrio and Aeromonas spp. in patients with in cholera-like symptoms and can also be used in water quality monitoring.
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Morales-Fuentes G, Páez-Zayas V, García-de la Rosa Y, Villar-Chávez S, Ramírez-Cisneros D, Carballo-Zarate A, Donis-Hernández J, González-Fernández C, Salas-Lozano N, Pineda-Figueroa L, Pantaléon-Martínez C. Colitis ulcerosa infecciosa por Aeromonas spp. ENDOSCOPIA 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.endomx.2014.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
This article presents information related to emerging pathogens that are foodborne or have the potential to be foodborne including bacteria, viruses, and parasites. The phenotypic characteristics of these pathogens, their epidemiology, prevalence in foods, and transmission routes to humans as well as means for their control are also discussed.
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Healthcare-associated infections and their prevention after extensive flooding. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2013; 26:359-65. [DOI: 10.1097/qco.0b013e3283630b1d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Ghenghesh KS, El-Mohammady H, Levin SY, Zorgani A, Tawil K. Antimicrobial resistance profile of Aeromonas species isolated from Libya. Libyan J Med 2013; 8:21320. [PMID: 23706286 PMCID: PMC3664299 DOI: 10.3402/ljm.v8i0.21320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Khaled Tawil
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
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